october 14th, 2015 2nd generation dc grid access for large scale … · 2019-09-26 · • simple...
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© Siemens AG 2015 All rights reserved.
Supported by
2nd generation DC grid access
for large scale offshore wind farms
October 14th, 2015
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Restricted © Siemens AG 20XX
20XX-XX-XX Page 2 Author / Department © Siemens AG 2015 All rights reserved. October 15 Page 2 EM TS
Cost reduction is a must to make Offshore Wind a competitive renewable
energy source: Reaching LCoE below 10 ct.€/kWh by 2020
18%
27%
AEP increase
1.4
100%
Target 2020
9.5
26%
28%
Cost out
3.6
16%
45%
14%
25%
Baseline 2014
14.5
24%
32%
17%
27%
ct.€/kWh
AEP (Annual Energy Production)
OPEX
Grid Connection
Foundation
WTG ++
Based on the SWT-6.0-154 turbine; Offshore project 1 GW, 50m water depth, 100 km from shore
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For significant cost saving in the grid access part
we need paradigm shifts!
Onshore HVDC
converter station
Distributed small
DC platforms
1200 MW
Onshore HVDC
converter station
OSS
Large central
DC platform
900 MW
Current status New concept
500 MW 2 x 250 MW
Current status New concept HVAC
offshore
substation
HVAC
link
HVAC
link
Offshore
Transformer
Module
New AC grid access attaches the electrical equipment to the turbine foundation
• Official launch at the EWEA Offshore
conference 03/2015
New DC grid access uses distributed small DC platforms
• First presentation to the offshore wind
industry at the EWEA Offshore
conference 03/2015.
• Official launch 10/2015 at “Nationale
Maritime Konferenz“ in Bremerhaven
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40% Cost reduction and
One third smaller in size and weight compared to a traditional substation
New Siemens AC Grid Access Solution (SGA-AC)
uses an Offshore Transformer Module
Distributed transmission asset in incremental 250 MW blocks
Compact and rugged design
Electrical components optimized from our accumulated lifecycle experience
Modular approach
Installation with wind turbine foundation or independently
Can be implemented with every wind turbine supplier
Environmentally Friendly
Low Maintenance
Flexibility and choice for customers: Optimized conventional platform also available
The new SGA-AC consists of an
OTM attached to a booster turbine
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DC grid access in the German bight today
DolWin gamma, 900MW, in construction by Alstom,
Picture from Overdick
HelWin alpha,
576 MW
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We have learned our lessons from the German bight!
We looked at the whole system from the very beginning (from blade to shore)
We kept the offshore equipment as simple and robust as possible
We kept the offshore platform sizes and weights in ranges good to handle
We sticked to what developers and operators are used to from AC grid access in terms installation and maintenance
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The new DC grid access concept:
Siemens Grid Access using a Diode Rectifier Unit (SGA-DRU)
Onshore HVDC
converter station
Onshore HVDC
converter station
OSS Distributed small DC
platforms
Large central
DC platform
Total topside volume:
Total topside weight:
Installation time:
Transmission losses:
Transmission capacity:
Costs:
-80%
-65%
-20%
-20%
+30%
-30%
First presented
at EWEA
conference in
Copenhagen,
March 10th.
Official launch
10/2015 at
“Nationale
Maritime
Konferenz in
Bremerhaven”
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The root for the large DC platform
is the air insulated converter and air insulated DC switchgear
Converter • Bi-directional power flow
• But
• Complex
• Large
• Air insulated
Rectifier • Simple
• Robust
• Low losses
• Low maintenance costs
• Encapsulated
• But
• One way power flow
• AC voltage control by WTGs
Current approach
New Grid Access solution
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Major reductions in weight and volume can be
achieved by encapsulating all HVDC equipment
DC Compact Switchgear Diode Rectifier Unit with flame retardant and biodegradable insulation
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Simplified single line diagram of NGA 1200 MW
66kV
213kV DC
66kV AC
+-320kV DC
66kV AC
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Size reduction enabled by the encapsulated rectifier
Space required for converter,
Xformers and reactors: 50.000 m3
Space for the rectifier module:
3 x 2200 m3 = 6.600 m3
54 m
12 m 30 m
8 m
14 m
9 m
Current approach (900 MW) New Solution (1,200 MW)
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DC Compact Switchgear
11.7 m
11 m
22.7 m
16.7 m
3.2 m
5.2 m
Required volume compared to an air insulated
approach
reduced by 90%
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Diode Rectifier Unit (DRU)
The new core grid access component
DC smoothing
reactorsl
Rectifier Transformer
Nominal power: 200 MW
Nominal voltage AC: 66 kV
Nominal voltage DC: 106,7 kV
Size fits for transport by road and ship
Bio degradable and flame retardant
ester insulation
KFAN
Cooling
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The resulting reductions in weight (topside)
1) AC platforms installed/under construction, 2) Current BOR3, 3) GA-New Solution
3.000t1)
3.000t1)
3.000t1)
3.000t
3.000t
3.000t
17.000t2)
26.000 t Ca. 9.000t Current approach (900 MW) New Solution (1,200 MW)
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The new DC platform
Two rectifier units
AC Filter / Reactor
Deck with switchgear
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The new WTG control concept
Old vs. new WTG control concept
AC
Grid
Turbine
AC
Offshore DC Voltage
Onshore
DC Voltage
j
U
U
Turbine
AC
U
Old Load flow is controlled by WTG phase
angle
New Load flow is controlled by WTG voltage
magnitude
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Simulated NGA System with HVDC+ Station (Distance 200 km to Onshore Grid
Connection Point)
Location of switching operations referenced by ,
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Example: Energization of one out of the
18 wind turbine strings (with 12 WTGs)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Energization of string cable
1
WTGs TR energized WTGs in SVC mode 2
DRU unit energized and connected
3
First WTG operated in P prod. mode
4
Energ. of Filter, 11 WTG at P mode 20 %
Pn. 5
11 WTGs ramped to nominal P
6
Umbilical Cable disconnected
7
Freq. operation point adjustment (without
Umb.) 8
Fast ramp up of active power in connection with delayed umbilical cable disconnection => worst case scenario for system stability!
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Benefits of the new DC grid access solution
Major reductions in CapEx and OpEx
• Encapsulated, rugged equipment
• Simple and robust power electronics
• Low flammable, biodegradable insulation liquid
• Easy transport and installation
• High reliability, minimal maintenance
• No offshore DC converter as single point
of failure
• Shorter delivery times
• Stepwise offshore installation feasible
• Fast commissioning of WTG auxiliary power
• Up to 1200MW DC
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AC vs. DC Break Even Distance for 1200MW
New AC
New DC
Current DC
Distance
Costs for 1200MW
Current AC
New break even distance is approximately 80km
• For smaller power
ratings AC is more
beneficial.
• For small and distant
farms there is no cost-
effective grid access
technology existing