oceanic weather and volcanic ash
DESCRIPTION
Oceanic Weather and Volcanic Ash. Cathy Kessinger NCAR/RAL Weather in the Cockpit Workshop Boulder, CO 8-10 August 2006. Augustine, 12 Jan 2006 M.L.Coombs, USGS-AVO. Oceanic Weather PDT. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Oceanic Weather and Volcanic AshOceanic Weather and Volcanic Ash
Cathy Kessinger NCAR/RALCathy Kessinger NCAR/RAL
Weather in the Cockpit WorkshopWeather in the Cockpit WorkshopBoulder, COBoulder, CO
8-10 August 20068-10 August 2006
Augustine, 12 Jan 2006M.L.Coombs, USGS-AVO
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Oceanic Weather PDTOceanic Weather PDT
Primary mission: To improve aviation safety and efficiency within remote oceanic regions through the detection and forecasting of hazardous weather conditions.
• Long flight times of oceanic flights means pre-flight weather information becomes quite old
• Weather into the cockpit is beneficial
Oceanic Flight Information Regions
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Scientific AreasScientific Areas
• Cockpit Display of Weather Products – Gary Blackburn • Volcanic Ash – Paul Herzegh• Improved Inflight Winds – Ted Tsui• Turbulence (CAT and CIT) – Bob Sharman• Convection Diagnosis and Nowcasting – Cathy Kessinger• Icing (FIP and CIP) – Marcia Politovich
• Domains:– Pacific– North Pacific– Gulf of Mexico– North Atlantic - later
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Cockpit Uplink of Weather ProductsCockpit Uplink of Weather Products
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A little history…A little history…
• NASA AvSP/AWRP Oceanic Convective Nowcasting Demonstration (OCND) Project– Purpose: demonstrate delivery of weather information in
graphical form into the cockpit – ~1999-2001– Workshops, user interactions and feedback to determine needs
• AWRP Oceanic Weather PDT formed 2001– OCND experience was basis
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• Experimental ADDS– Satellite page– http:weather.aero
CTOP on Experimental ADDSCTOP on Experimental ADDS
Gulf of Mexico
Pacific
North Pacific
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Cockpit Display of CTOPCockpit Display of CTOP• Collaboration with United Airlines and ARINC
– Aircraft-relative display of cloud top altitude• Ascii format via thermal printer
• ‘/’ = 30kft – 39kft and ‘C’ = >40kft
• Pilot receives a “heads up” for approaching Wx.
• Dispatcher also receives cockpit display
– Common situational awareness
• UAL testing on limited US-Aus flights– Favorable feedback, esp. unsolicited information
Current Position
FuturePositions
UAL 839
Cloud Top Height (CTOP)
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Web-based Pilot Feedback FormWeb-based Pilot Feedback Form
• Pilot feedback form…
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Volcanic Ash Detection and ForecastingVolcanic Ash Detection and Forecasting
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OW Volcanic Ash PlansOW Volcanic Ash Plans
• Goal: Provide detection/warning/forecast capability of volcanic ash and gas plumes to aviation community
• Requested by Users:– Five minute span from detectability to warning– Graphic of ash plume/cloud showing horizontal and vertical
extent with frequent updates (inc. in the cockpit)– Current conditions & forecast (1 to 24h and beyond)
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Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)
• Once eruption is reported (PIREP, Volcano Observatory, satellite), VAACs issue advisory to Met Watch Offices
Meteorological Watch Offices
issue VA SIGMET
- AAWU, AWC, Guam, Hawaii
- Dispatch, Airlines
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Oceanic Weather Volcanic Ash Product Oceanic Weather Volcanic Ash Product
• Build an expert system using:– Satellite remote detection – GOES, POES– A few NEXRADs near volcanoes– Seismic information– Dispersion models
• Products: Detection and Forecast • Volcanic Ash Coordination Tool
(VACT) is path to operations– AF PDT Development– Gives VAAC, AAWU, CWSU,
Volcano Observatory common situational awareness to generate time-critical ash SIGMETS/forecasts
– Anchorage first; Washington later
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Getting a VA Product into the Cockpit…Getting a VA Product into the Cockpit…
• After Advisory/SIGMET is ready for dissemination, then– Select specific aircraft that may intercept the ash cloud– Send graphical information directly to the aircraft via uplink
• Human first, automation later
• Within VACT
• Do this within 5 minutes of receiving the advisory
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Soufriere Hills Eruption – 20 May 2006Soufriere Hills Eruption – 20 May 2006
• ~1100 eruption occurred – Stratospheric ash cloud
• 1115 eruption cloud is visible on satellite • 1140 first Volcanic Ash Advisory (VAA) issued by
Washington VAAC with few details• 1201 PIREP of ash to FL550, moving west• 1215 second VAA issued with details
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Soufriere Hills Eruption, 20 May 2006, 1045-1445Soufriere Hills Eruption, 20 May 2006, 1045-1445
Volcanic Ash Detection
Cloud Top Height Infrared
Visible
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Washington VAAC AdvisoryWashington VAAC Advisory
• Create graphical product to uplink to at-risk aircraftUplinked
Product
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Other Possible Uplinked Products for Oceanic FlightsOther Possible Uplinked Products for Oceanic Flights
• Flight level winds from numerical model• Flight level temperature (fuel gel) from numerical model• Turbulence, both CAT and CIT sources• Hazardous convection and nowcasts• Icing