ocean thermal energy
DESCRIPTION
How to tap into the solar energy stored in the tropical seas.TRANSCRIPT
OCEAN THERMAL ENERGY
Harnessing the stored solar energy in the seas
Vicente Fachina
OCEAN THERMAL ENERGY
CONTEXT
GAIA HEALS HERSELF...WE OURSELVES ALONE ARE IN DANGER!
WHAT TO DO?
TO PROMOTE SERVICE & FLOW ECONOMY
TO M
AX
IMIZ
E R
ES
OU
RC
E
PR
OD
UC
TIV
ITY
TO IN
VE
ST O
N R
EN
EW
AB
LES
The Rankine power cycle Upgraded cycles
•Water / Ammonia mixture as working fluid
•To use heat regenerators
•To use solar heater for the surface sea water
•To use solar super heater for the working fluid
•To use gravity for reducing pumping power
•Rankine upgrades: KalinaTM & UeharaTM cycles
Cold water
Warm water
THE RANKINE POWER CYCLE
Liquid working
fluid
Saturated vapor working
fluid
THE KALINA POWER CYCLE
Cold water
Warm water
References: http://kalinacycle.net, http://www.globalgeothermal.com
Liquid working
fluid
Saturated vapor working
fluid
Working
water
Liquid working
fluid
THE UEHARA POWER CYCLE
Cold water
Warm water
Reference: http://www.otec.ws
1-y y
Liquid working
fluid
Working
water
Liquid working
fluid
Saturated vapor working
fluid
35-168 TWh/yr SUPPLY POTENTIAL (WEC, 1994)
OCEAN THERMAL ENERGY SUPPLY
Source: esrl.noaa.gov, 2012
ARCHITECTURES 1/4
Source: Lockheed Martin Corp., 2011
OFFSHORE PLANT - I
Source: http://www.otec.ws, 2011
OFFSHORE PLANT - II
ARCHITECTURES 2/4
Source: http://www.otec.ws, 2011
ONSHORE PLANT
ARCHITECTURES 3/4
Source:http://www.otecpower.com, 2011
MODULES(w/ sub sea condenser)
ARCHITECTURES 4/4
PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
Source: adapted from http://www.otec.ws, 2012
Methanol Ethanol
Deuterium
H2
CO2 CO
2H
2
Ammonia
N2
COST COMPARISONS
Source (blue columns): irena.org, 2012
CEE (2010)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
OTEC CSP Offshore wind Hydro Biomass
US
D/G
J
Tempos de retorno
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220
Preço combustível [USD/GJ]
No
. an
os
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PRELIMINARY ECONOMICS
70 MW ELECTRICITY SUPPLY @ 90% UPTIME
USD 630-1,350 MM CAPEX, AND USD 15 MM/yr OPEX
0.7 USD/m3 DESALINATED WATER COST
10%/yr INTEREST RATE
Demanda de água potável [m3/s]
BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES
DAILY RENEWABLE ENERGY ROUTE
ELECTROCHEMICAL PROCESSING: OTHER ENERGY CARRIERS (HYDROGEN, AMMONIA)
DESALINATED WATER, SEA MINERALS, DEUTERIUM
DEEP OCEAN WATER (DOW): MARICULTURE, COLD WATER AGRICULTURE, CHILLING WATER FOR AIR CONDITIONING
