ocean formation how did the oceans form??. formation of the ocean earth is approximately 4.6 billion...
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Ocean FormationHow did the oceans form??
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Formation of the OceanEarth is
approximately 4.6 Billion Years Old
Oceans formed 2 possible ways:CometsVolcanism
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CometsComets hit the Earth and
released water The water filled the ocean
basins over geologic time
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VolcanismVolcanoes release
Water Vapor, Carbon Dioxide and other gases
Water vapor condensed to form water droplets that formed the oceans
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Chemical Properties of Seawater96.5% Water3.5% Dissolved
saltsNaCl is most
abundant
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SalinityMeasure of the
amount of dissolved salts in seawater
Expressed in ppt (Parts per thousand) 35 ppt
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How Does Water Become Salty?
Volcanic gases contain chlorine and sulfur dioxide which dissolve into water
Weathering of rocks and minerals
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Salt RemovalSea SprayEvaporite Formation
Water evaporates and salt is left behind
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DesalinationProcess that turns saltwater (saline) into
potable (drinkable) freshwater
Common Methods of Desalination:DistillationReverse Osmosis
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DistillationSaltwater is heated
to boiling point and creates water vapor
The heated water vapor is cooled and condensed as freshwater
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Reverse OsmosisSeawater pressed through semi permeable
membrane that allows water, not NaCl to pass through
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Why would we want to remove salt?Humans need freshwater to surviveOf the 3% of freshwater, most is unavailable
to us! (glaciers)In case of drought conditions, water would
still be available
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Environmental ConcernsLoss of Habitat for organisms that live in the
area where the water is taken fromWaste (salt) disposal
Higher concentrations of salt being added back to an environment that is not adapted to those conditions
Costs Money and uses EnergyGreenhouse gas emissions from distillation
plants