HYGIENE

Occupational Health

Jinto GeorgeGroup – 5Course – 3 rd Year

DEFINITION:

The joint international labororganization committee on Occupational health, 1950 defined occupational health as “The highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations.”

OBJECTIVES OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH:

• To maintain and promote the physical, mental and social well being of the workers.

•   To prevent occupational diseases and injuries.

•   To adapt the work place and work environment to the needs of the workers i.e application of ergonomics principle.

• It should be preventive rather than curative.

It represents a dynamic equilibrium between the worker and his occupational environment.

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

OCCUPATIONAL ENVIRONMENT

1• Man and physical, chemical

and biological agents

2• Man and machine

3• Man and man

Work Health Interactions

Host (worker & family

Agent Environment (workplace hazards) (external factors)

OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS

Physical hazards

Chemical hazards

Biological hazards

Mechanical hazards

Psychological hazards

OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES

• DISEASE DUE TO PHYSICAL AGENT• Heat• Cold• Light• Pressure• Noise• Radiation• Mechanical factors• Electricity

DISEASE DUE TO CHEMICAL AGENT

• Gases• Dusts (pneumoconiosis) Inorganic dust: coal dust; silica; asbestos;

ironOrganic(vegetable dust): cane fiber; cotton

dust; tobacco; hay or grain dust• Metals and their compounds: lead ,mercury,

cadmium, manganese, beryllium, arsenic,chromium.

• Chemicals• Solvents: carbon bisulphide, chloroform

DISEASE DUE TO BIOLOGICAL AGENT

• Brucellosis, leptospirosis, anthrax, tetanus, encephalities, fungal infection.

OCCUPATIONAL CANCER• Cancer of the skin, lungs, bladderOCCUPATIONAL DERMATOSIS• Dermatitis, eczemaDISEASE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL ORIGIN• Industrial neurosis, hypertension, peptic

ulcer.

PREVENTION OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES.

MEDICAL MEASURES

ENGINEERINGMEASURES

LEGIS-LATION

PREVENTION OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE

• MEDICAL MEASURESPre-placement examinationPeriodical examinationMedical and health care servicesNotificationSupervision of working environmentMaintenance and analysis of recordsHealth education and counseling

Cont…

• ENGINEERING MEASURES Design of building Good housekeeping General ventilation Mechanization Substitution Dust-enclosure and isolation Local exhaust ventilation Protection device Environmental monitoring Statistical monitoring and research

Cont…

• LEGISLATION

The Factory Act-1948

The Employees state insurance act-1948

Ergonomics

• Fitting the job to the

worker• Designing machines,

tools, equipment, processes

• Layout• Methods of works and

environment

• Ergon = work

• Nomos=

ErgonomicsErgonomics

MEASURES FOR HEALTH PROMOTION OF WORKERS

• Nutrition• Communicable disease control• Environmental sanitation• Mental health• Measures for women and children• Health education• Family planning

What is occupational health care?

Occupational health care is preventive health care, which is provided on the basis of the Occupational Health Care Act. The objective of occupational health care is a healthy and safe working environment, a well-functioning working community, prevention of work-related diseases as well as the maintenance of employees’ working ability and functional capacity, and promotion of their health.

Advantages of Occupational health care

•Investigates and assesses load factors and hazards and gives expert assistance for eliminating them

•Gives information and advice

•Estimates employees’ working ability and monitors their health condition

•Prevents occupational diseases and other work-related illnesses

Components occupational health services – CONT..

• Medical treatment, First aid treatment in emergency.

• Medical examination Pre employment examination Periodic medical examination Special medical examination

. Health counseling          . Stress management          . Mental health           . And Physical health . Rehabilitation programme           

Components occupational health services - CONT..

• Assessment of dusts pollution• Assessment of noise pollution• Assessment of vibration• Assessment heat radiation• Assessment of radiation

Components occupational health services – CONT..

THANKU Thanku…..