objectives by the end of our presentation the audience will be able to: 1. define lateral violence....
TRANSCRIPT
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Objectives
By the end of our presentation the audience will be able to:
1. Define lateral violence.
2. Differentiate three forms of lateral violence.
3. Articulate three negative effects of lateral violence.
4. Formulate two strategies on how to deal with lateral
violence.
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Stand up and be countedJust say “NO” to Lateral Violence
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Terms
Lateral violence Harassment Enculturalisation
Zero tolerance
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Terms of Identification
Lateral violence can be addressed by pseudonyms such as:
Bullying Horizontal Violence Work Place Harassment Targeting Hazing Nurses eat their young
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Forms of Lateral Violence
Gossip Shunning, Ignoring and Isolation Sabotage work and credibility Curt unprofessional responses Intolerance & BlamingLewis (2006)
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Common Profile of a Bully
Position of power
Articulate
Aware of effects of actions
Opportunistic
Manipulative
May be protected friends in power (management)
Organizationally astute
Knowledge base of regulations Aware of loopholes Gained experience from previous incidents Lewis (2006)
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Lateral Violence unchecked=
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Why it continues
VICTIM:• Under reported• Weak management
and leadership• Fear of repercussions• Avoidance / denial
(hopes it will fix itself)• powerlessness
BULLY:• Individual
personalities• Empowerment• Satisfaction• Control• Entitlement
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Historical Influences
Oppressed Group Model Power Imbalance Nurses report mainly to physicians Lacked autonomy and control Submissive-aggressive syndrome Low self esteem Lack of self respect
Sheridan-Leos, 2008
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Current Influences
Hospital Policy CRNNS Leaders Educators Individuals Sincox & Fitzpatrick, 2008
CRNNS, 2007
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GASHA
Violent Behaviour Abusive or Threatening Behaviour Abusive or Inappropriate Language Any Form of Harassment including Sexual Racism Bullying GASHA, 2008
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Prevalence and Effects Emotional abuse by co-worker reported by 12% Low co-worker support reported by 45% of females and 51% of males
Likelihood of reporting fair or poor general health twice as high in nurses who report low respect
(Statistics Canada, 2005)(Statistics Canada, 2005)
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The lived experience of being bullied
Stress
Guilt
Fear
Enculturalisation
Power/control
Reflection/rationalization
(Corney, 2008)
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Effects on Work
High burnout
Drains nurses of
enthusiasm for nursing
Lack of initiative to do
the job well
Inability to perform optimally resulting in poor
patient care(Sheridan-Leos, 2008)
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Effects on the Organization
Nurses leaving workplace or even
profession
Impact on retention of qualified staff
Economic cost to organization
Negative effect on recruitment of new
staff due to development of a reputation
for tolerating LV(Sheridan-Leos, 2008)
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Change begins with each individual
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Combating Lateral Violence
Lead by example
- Compliment your coworkers
- Respect each other’s idea
- Support colleagues struggling with personal issues.
- Think before you talk (Lubejko,2009)
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Combating Lateral Violence
• Don’t ignore LV behaviour
• Tell someone you can trust
• Document LV episodes
• Assess your own behaviour
• Personally addresses LV
• Report incident to Nurse Manager
(Sofield & Salmon;Massacsetts Nurses Associate; RCN 2005; OSACH, 2009).
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Informal vs. Formal Resolution
Informal Resolution
- LV is quickly resolved
- No investigation or
disciplinary action
taken
- “No-blame” outlook
- Eased reestablishment
of working relationship
Formal Resolution
- Lengthy procedure
- Investigation and
disciplinary action are taken
- Difficulty in
reestablishment of
working relationship (OSACH, 2009)
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Ways to Stop the Cycle
Redirect harmful conversations Educate self & others Self governance Proactive leadership Encourage others to not participate Continual Self governance The Promotion of positive work spaces Cleary, M., Hunt, G., Walter, G., & Robertson , M., (2009)
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What can Nurse Manager’s Do?
• Monitor nursing staff’s behaviour• Encourage staff (new) to report LV• Take complaints of LV seriously • Assist victims of LV in getting counseling
(OSACH, 2009)
• Self/Staff Education on LV-cognitive rehearsal techniques
• Expect and Enforce behaviour standards • Evaluate personal leadership
(Patterson, 2007)
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Questions
Give another term for lateral violence?
What is the #1 form of lateral violence?
Name one way to stop the cycle of lateral violence? What are some signs of lateral violence? Has anyone experienced or witnessed lateral violence in the
workplace/at clinical? What would you do if you were a victim of lateral violence?
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Congratulations for increasing your awareness of Lateral Violence
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Have Enthusiasm for Nursing!!!