Objective: To examine the similarities and differences between the three colonial regions.

New Hampshire

Massachusetts

New York

Rhode IslandConnecticutNew Jersey

DelawareMaryland

Pennsylvania

Virginia

North Carolina

South Carolina

Georgia

13 Colonies KEY

New England

Middle Colonies

Southern Colonies

Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut

New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware

Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia

New England Colonies

Farming was difficult in New England because of:

• long winters

• thick forests

• rocky soil

* Fishing and trade became major industries in New England.

• In order to learn these skills, people became apprentices.

…sailmaking.

…metal working.

(blacksmith)

…lumbering.

…shipbuilding.

…barrel making.

Apprentice - a person who learns a trade or craft from a master craftsworker.

A growingfishing industryin New England

caused anincrease in…

Middle Colonies• New York was first settled by the Dutch, then the English.

• Pennsylvania was originally a Quaker settlement.

• In time, Pennsylvania was settled by German-speaking Protestants known as the Pennsylvania Dutch.

• Farmers exported grain such as wheat, barley, and rye.

• Therefore, the Middle Colonies became known as the Breadbasket Colonies.

Southern Colonies

• Tobacco, rice, and indigo were grown on plantations.

• The South has rich soil and a warm climate.

Plantation - large estate farmed by many workers

• Planters, or plantation owners, relied on slave labor to accumulate massive wealth.

Commercial Farming vs. Subsistence Farming

commercial farm, Humboldt, Tennessee (2008)

commercial farming - farming for a profit, where food is produced by advanced technological means for sale in the market.

• Plantations in the Southern Colonies used slave labor before the Civil War, and sharecroppers after the war, to produce large quantities of crops for commercial distribution.

Early 20th-century: "Negroes picking cotton on a plantation in the South"

Commercial Farming vs. Subsistence Farming

subsistence farming - farming where output is produced for consumption of the farmer and its family members and not for cash sale

"Part of the family of Hugh Noe, a renter on a farm near Andersonville, Tennessee." (October 24,1933 photo credit: Lewis Hine

• Most farmers in the South were subsistence farmers and did not own slaves.

Colonial Regions Summary (3:31)