objective learn about cooling and cooling systems define heat pump learn about energy storage...
TRANSCRIPT
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Objective
• Learn about Cooling and Cooling systems • Define heat pump
• Learn about energy storage systems
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Refrigeration Cycle
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92 °F
56 °F69 psig
DB = 77 °FWB = 64 °F
orificecapillary tube
TXV
110 °F~200 psig
DB = 60 °FWB = 53 °F
High pressure, high boiling/condensing point
Low pressure, low boiling point
DX Cooling Machine
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Air Cooled Chiller
Outside air 95°F
Inside 75°FWater 42°F
BuildingWater 52°F
Chiller
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Water Cooled Chiller
Outside air 95°F
Inside 75°FWater 42°F
BuildingWater 52°FWater 120°F
Water 100°F
Cooling tower
Chiller
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Cooling
Evaporative cooling Compressor Cooling Sorption cooling
DX machine Chiller
Air CooledCondenser
Water CooledCondenser
Convert Cooling machine (DX machine) to heat pumps
Evaporative Chiller
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Air cooled condenser
• Only for small capacity
• Cool the water or directly the refrigerant for compressor chillers
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Cooling tower
• Provide cooling water for condenser or absorption
Type
LocationWater need some treatment - Legionella !
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What is Heat Pump ?
Cooling Heating
Outside 95°F Outside 55°F
Inside 75°FInside 75°F
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COP for heat pump
energy electric Used
energy electric Usedcondenser on Cooling HeatingCOP
[W]energy electric Used
[W]energy heatin ProvidedHeatingCOP
energy electric Usedcondenser on Cooling energy heatin Provided
energy electric Used
energy electric Used
energy electric Used
condenser on Cooling HeatingCOP
1 CoolingHeating CPOCOP
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www.srpnet.com/energy/pumpworks.aspx
1) Compressor
2) Condenser
3) Evaporator
4) Air handler
5) Reversing valve
and expansion valve
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Evaporative Cooling
• Wet media/water spray – direct• Raise absolute humidity, lowers temperature of
conditioned air
• Cooling tower – indirect• Cools through a heat exchanger• Lowers temperature, does not affect absolute
humidity• Can directly cool air in cold weather
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Can you use the steam for cooling?
A Yes
B No
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Absorption Cycle
• Water is typical refrigerant• Strong vacuum - ~0.116 psi or 0.0008 MPa• Boiling point of water?
• Differences from vapor compression• No compressor
• Chemical (e.g. LiBr - hygroscopic) – Absorbs water vapor turns it into a liquid
– Regenerated by removing water
• Requires heat
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Absorption CycleStrong vacuum Refrigerant: water Absorber: lithium bromide
Replace compressor
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Evaporative Cooling
• Wet media/water spray – direct• Raise absolute humidity, lowers temperature of
conditioned air
• Cooling tower – indirect• Cools through a heat exchanger• Lowers temperature, does not affect absolute
humidity• Can directly cool air in cold weather
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Evaporative Cooling
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Cooling
Evaporative cooling Compressor Cooling Sorption cooling
DX machine Chiller
Air CooledCondenser
Water CooledCondenser
Convert Cooling machine (DX machine) to heat pumps
Evaporative Chiller
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Energy Storage Systems
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Daily distribution of cooling load
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Thermal Storage
• Make ice/chilled water at times of low demand or low energy prices
• Store water in insulated container
• Can be used to reduce overall demand
• Water can be used as secondary water source for fire protection
• Ice/snow
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Thermal Storage
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Reading Assignment
Tao and Janis - whole Chapter 4