object of cipher machine invention with drawings · /e-. id.:.a5221 .. 6.4 .. ··:· _. _. . • )...
TRANSCRIPT
I ;\ ' - ~ :';o RE-F~B-:-~-2-1-6-4-------~-----. ,..,....,._.~~"'"'""· -~._. --~:-c· =-'":~-f
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tbia iawa\ioa relates to or,ptoarsphlo q.steu ad an ob3eet. of the
inftlltioD. ta to proVide a . OJ'J'Ptopapll tot- eileipheJ'lag am.d· deei.J,'-h011Jtg :messages
auto11aucani, ra.pidlJ' ~d 11\Y a aetbod which, .M>e!ng &~eolutelJ aperiodlc.J
;rendeJ"a the· C?7.Ptosram• ssolvable w1 tbout the _key •
. , ttirther object. of tbie inYSat.ion .ifi ~ Pro'fi~ion .of a crntoftl'aph
t\oatrolled 'b1 memil eoonittatacl with a ai_pher-k.q traraaaitter thl'oap wh1oh
is passed a kq tape which s.enes a• the b¢.n.I elemnt ·.tn the··micd;plutraeat
or deciphe.raeD.t of. aesaage1.
A t'urtherobject·O: this invention .ls the ~fdou .or a Cl")'Ptograph,
.-hicb., <hotlgh eaploJing for i'ta k•11tig elem.mt.· a ·plu:ral-mit-oOde ot the·
iavdot type (a code ot thi.rt.r-tao · p.-tat1ona), n.ev.ertheless produces
crrPt.osr&ls the chane'bez"s of which are restricted \o the t.wm.tv-s1x le~"ter.8
ot tJle ·al.pbabet;.. In th1a respect the orntogr.aph e=lud•-e tho a&a&l. aix extra
hudot chara.ctera·, the trctad.i9e1cn or •bich oeauions •ch dit.tieul ty 1u
ordinarr talqraphj' by the Korse .Upbbet.. !he •7 iA uhic!l ·these .six extra
characters are eliminated -GOafJ.t1 tutes one ot. ·tbe. mdqae .ad important. fMt\U'ef
ot oar inYention.
.A f'carther.· ·object of this l.ra'f'm.Uou 1s t.o pro't'ide a cr1ptopaph adapted ·to
tanatio:l ·e,ithv indopendent"J¥ as e.. eelt-containe<:i C17PWg?"aph1C unit• o:r in
cmjuncUou ·td. th a ia.depeDden t;. t.7pevi ter h&'Viug a. etandard typa11'1'1 tU" kq
board. lo the f'ire·t cause,- tho or.rptoil"a~ ·lilabs ao pezwanat ncord -ct the.
meaa.ie.t. ~t aerel7 prodUcea· visual s1pwd&J ia the :seccad caae_, the ~17pto--. . .
gaph. ll&kGs possible the production of a ·mtteil reco~ or the ae-eufage• ·
.A ·.rur.iher object ot W.a 1nvmti01l i.s tho Pl'OT111on ot a cryptograph
tunc.u;aµag flt 1b:F·trmn.ttt1ng end of a COJllillm11c~tion qatem as a uui11 for
direc\1.y· ~trolling ·a telegraph tr.sasa1tter ·keybo&?"d, so tha.t tbe in.telllpace
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JA'pproved for Release ·by NSA on 11-20-2013 pursuant to E.O. 1352§
REF ID:A5221.64 -·----.-~--·-·· .... --- . -··-- ·----·-- --·- --·--·--.-· --- ... - ..... ··--~
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··V-' . . to'.be.~t.W io 111--.t1call7. enaipbered,bet•.re· tr.anminion.; ad
·•im:UariJ::, .4~ :th• race1Villg end,. a ao~dl.ng. 017Pto~ tunoUon.s aa a.
aea:u· tor' 'iu<lir.·ecU, ~-troll1ng. al1 Ol'dillar1 t.nnri• ao · t.hai the :intelll.-
,• ·;:_. • .. ·:··· :· ...
t.1]>8ft'i ter.: ..
. . that iq :_praettc4ll.J· all tho _pOrtable ~icalt elecirlcal, or eecbei._
elocrtri.~l ·er,yptograpm.o .devloe~I or · qstme heretoto~ · ~eowiHd~ -.be' ar,pt.o..
papidag·_ me, dU17PtograP.htag. Of: Cet;Sagea. is entlrCu-, CGin.trolled by el.ate
e.11 eiibodied ·:wdthin the ruchanisia i~eltJ ·that .1.E·,· the b~si~, ~ 1DTi.ri.ab1e
el~t.e .. :. Coacuned .ill· tb.G ."~tograpb1C tre&~t, as. ·wu as ... the ~~g. OF . .
vsrialil;e e).;e!l*.lts for ~.tl'Olliq. ad c17pt0g~p!dc __ .trea.taont. a.re _1.nt.egral
p&\l"t:li ·~r ·1*fl device or appa.r&ws •. Ia O.v~i:Utµict.ion to w.~· ·aituau.cm,.
1n ~ ·in•enUon, ·onq_·~ ~sic.t"_or ·1Dvadabl~···ie®ts-"OO!l~ed ia ·the
c.17ptograp~c ·vea~t. are·. ·1~..egrsl. pu•t1' ot the· .modwniaa. ·.the keJ.ing, or
variable··~i--ts· 'betng .1'he:llt. iDde-ent of thf a~hai~ iiselft •!1. ao1u1i:at.
ot an -~oou:s factor. wh1• :.me.b. p.r0~J.1· -&8SO:ci&ted With ·the· Jiecbanisa. con• . .
trolcs Ue 'basic or. ~*1at>i(ia· eleae:its=ot. the.· •*'hml•. ·SA c~ptographine '• ... .. . .
ad· deornto::r&ptd.n.t;- -1!11.~~P.¥.oe...
·.'.
: ·· ·: ····~·~:2 ts· a vin' in aide ~ie-h.~oxi aliodng·····pet.· ~ 'tho ci>&itator
01" ~~h~~:-:~ dni~.. . . , · . . _: ·~-ft~:s ehows th~~ psi-t ~r th~ =-tat.or ··llbicli e.urie~ t.he ratchet .
. '·.
ae~iSil _.:itifi ·:wo .acluiiea an 1.Uust.Tati~ ··of· -~ .. noel· etepp!n& aapet. ~ ' . . . . . . .
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· · :._·:·_it,:i.~• ahowm a ~c.m· ot ~e·.~-1.stor.cer~g ·e ar.r-M~ct; ·GE
pina Oil · .it.s J'iaj.
. . . .......•.. <- .. ?.P:·~.,,.;.' ... ~4!¥1.-. ·- .... , ... -.A. ·•r . .J .. .,._a .aTrnam.a. saw ....... a .... a .. ma:suaa.aww:µu
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. ···: ·. · · ·f1i •. 6 .is ·.a. ·v.ln 1a slilo ele'\fa"tica.: .-ahOw:lag ·a d.etail_ .4 th•· :COmmJ·ts.tn
·dr1 v.9 a4 ·teuioama: mot.o,.~ ad. . . .
· · .n.g.&· ia· '" plan· 1'.1• .P~UJ' m .-~ of.' ·tbe comw~wr drl·w ·and
autouUc. -co.ia~l ~enf'or.
t·t .:1. ~e•Gd tb8.t an expla~U:oa. of .the &ChaP..t1c -reprnentati«t ot
O\tl" inventio1( .. ;dp. ·toJ'll the. best -l>es1e tor 1ta uiMleratan&.ng. ·tmr! tb.e:retor•
· reteren~ ·:"'1;11 .be aade· mor.o particularl)- io "J'1pr.e L. $D :thia Jigm"e) 1
·represa~·· the Jtqboatd ot the emtograph,· ·tiie &ri9fmg~ent. ·ot t.be t.._\J'-slx
kera th~t ·.botng that· ot the :1>taadartJ.. vPnrt w k91boari •xcept tu.t onq
i .... t.,-aix :key• ·CORes,pon.di.Ag to the. t~tr•etx ·letter• of the alt)babet. are . . . . . . . .
illcll1ded~: t~eh· k91 ot ·tbo·kefbo~ ·operato11·.arJ· e].8(1.tdoal .eon·tactt as. ahom
·s4heu.t.i~ .fol": the •q• ·.ad· • k~7a. :rn· .~1 tton., ov ktf'"board ls :,a"Videi . . . ·.
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"'boercts. ot -t1.f.a type are weU .tnol.i "111 the an .-id re®i·A· llO tUrt.~er deacripUon •. · <>· ·:·.,·~ . . . · .. ' . . ·. . . : · .. :
. : . . : -~. ?:·~·:j ":"· ·:··.:
·-~· :d.pber \lbeel or eommt&~:I' 1·s aboa .. ·at._ 2 in ·ti·iOJ'e 1 •. I\ mq be aade· "<.·/·) ··· .. •.
:" ··. ~ :. · .. ' .. ···: .. ·.
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chan&ing d.Vice tor oarr'11nl f'U'tr-ttro bn--.iype.contact.i n.r:ransed tn two . . . . .. ·.·i .
: ;: ·. : .-·:
. .
ot the~ 2.,, the- othsr sat bein.1 similar~ placed. oa the rneno tace 51 of
the- llhe•l.~ !he·. t.W.tJ:-alx ·•tact;. - eau .tace ... ~ged .eqvidiatantJ.y .. . ,
hom· oa.e.·aa~~er 1.D.· a cbole ,aaJ.ccent. to the· periphery o·r the face, ~e coat.acts· .. : . .
on tbe ·o'hvfl"lle- face ·heiug. connected to ·t:bOse: On. ·the reYRae faoe bJ' aeaaa ot .. ~. ":
. . . :: ._·: ~ : . . ! flezi.ble, ·ill;511la·t.a crm..dueton which pass ~&h. the :inter.tor of. t1l.o eheel• .· .. ,_. _
as sbo-m: ·a~~~:$.caU1 aad. lty ft1' ot-· G'AlllJ].e. J.A·· J'ipre 1, tor ·tllO pairs of >::, ·_;<<_·· ... : ..•.. • .• :- :: ~: ;·": . . • . • .. · . ."·j:· .•. ·: :
ocrataew~:· ',· -!~.· Cipher ·wheel or. ao~utat.or :tS. ·.:~:~pcm the _shat~ 1, vbich ··: -~~.\2·:.;~ oervei.a;·.e.,-·.da .iiout. wbich ~ \'Fheel··-. "'*tato •. ~e .ca.it.nu. ot th• o'bve:r.se ·. >;··~.<:/
r.~. :~, ::_oi,··.~ .cipher· ·Wheel press· against ~-1-~ar~g ·.type ~.tuts lll'J'Ma.i· ::/. {V/{~; on .t.hG :~:'.·.ida.te 4J t.he -aoatiaAts of'· the rf:jv.•reD t4ce s, .. of the. cipher 'Wheal ''.')::'.t~~~,:i;
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. . : ..... E 2 ·1? .· ··~··. . . : .. A; • .. _ .. !£Z!i! .. -4i0..-('".:~~""*~:w;::~""":":.·.,... ~ .. : .... ~'!i-_. -~ ···°:4'!E'":f~'%:-:.~.P.-f-1l: .• Q •••. C·-:;:.;...,:£!."".· .... = ... -··'"'": .~z,_.. ·- .......... _ . ·#-. .A .,. · .. u .... ~-·.K .S4t ... · c
.:···:..····. ;c ..
REF ID:A522164
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::·· !
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. . . :"'11 & e~... . .TJ:Le (dpbb.r. ':fb.eel :rotate& be~Wo.m. tll&lhl ti.zed. .;tl&tea 4 ad .g. ac· .
·ihAt ~- eant~~-t on the· obverse ta• s, of ·the cipb.ei· "lheel _p:reeeat.s· 1~·
in tT.ata, .. f.o.·. ~~-~ eont?."1.ct. "Oil- p.l;;.te 4, ad eael:t ~ta-ct &n· the r<iversa race: S;.:. . . . .
o! the, : c1~3:•· .- .wh~el .l)re!l«i ~ 1 teelf" in tum to · eac:l:l can:tact on plate 6, ae. t.b.e
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r~speeU~~ .:C<Kl!lect.ecl ·by CODd.o.ctora to a. bsak -•t tanty-11.x· electrical elemento.···_:Y/::·;··:_.·;, .which liUij. lj>e., ·~l laapa, rol.&T~i ·o~ -itol.Oids. _Qn].y· t'IO: o.f· tthioh are .sho:wu .. as ·!<·:/.~·_.:.·(>
··: ··; .:)_·.:.'·:·
. . -electrieti. -8laenu· .11.i· tt.11s brt..ttk .are J.aaps.. As Sbollll b.. Fi-~ .l~ me th• tey
. .
.,.Q• 1a depreeaed, asswa1n.a ~cipher wheel to·-~ in the podt.ion 11\d.ieateil iu .· ..
. .
·tatte17 ll tbrO\lgb cenductor lt, .closed eontet. at the •Q• keJ, ~- lJ.;
contact "14: ."o~. tt-.:1 pl&te 6, CO!ltaet li. cm. ·Cipher .•el. ·i., ·aouduo·w.r ie.,. ooata.ct. i"i. ·ot ··cipher ··$81 2, eontnct l8 of Pl&.te ••. ccmnctoi- 19,, ~-
·· ,,. · .. ·. . . . , . . .
· 1up .20.; ·~due.tor 21 to· negative of bai.teJ7 U... Laap 20 has a trmual.uce\lt. . . - . .
. . . . . . .
Bence~. d.et;~•ision ot ·the ke7 ·•Q't Oft· th& ke7bo&.rd -gl~e.s· th_e ,cj,.~r naultent. . . . . . .
·~· ;. '1a4tt;_·.th~· conditien!l speoU'i.d • . ·. ·· ... · ..
:· .·· ....
-'~~e-· thztt the °k&J' ·•P ot the k.boU-4 1e 4epresus.d,, inatoeaa ot .....
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. ,,: · ... : .. : ..... ~ . .:'; . ~ : · ..
'Ii'" tou~~--;:t.&~- ·path ee\ u.p·for t!e electrloal con.et,. it ·uUl 1iae um tll&t
tho · ~'..·.i_~··:•m be lifbt.ed.. be, reciprod·tt 1a· ·e.tablishsd btlt•• the: . : : . . · .... .. · ... : ... :~· .... ·
k•• ·on.· ·.~·.,k.1boal'd' aad· \he lap• :so th&t .1t_, r.r· -~ple., Q =.•, :1a end:~ · ·.· .· .. \>·.< ·.. . : ;:·· . .,
illC1 ·fi. ··: ·(i,_-,~ .. deci~ •... T.bft. 8am,e No.1~: r.latioo.~bip Cml be eata\ilsbal .· \/::<~··:·~ . ·:-·::··· · .. ··. ·. . - . . . . .... :. ·."'
~t. ' .. "1pbabet "7 ........... -. the· flllld.bl.o Condlic\or• h tl:e liltel'ic -.••· ;(()}:_;
oi ~ .. cti~c;t· .wheel la ·a ag~te· llODA'~ j;o pai"4. eoatacta: on the obYerse
- ~~· ~ of • e1glier 111aeal. . . ·_ . . ..• ·._ ' . ·····'If.~:·
. ~:.~~ -1 -- stati-•'h .the ni.iti;mald.p beWe• tH .07 : ·_;:~r: d~thJi~cf:::~~··tbc .i,up 1llmd·nate4, th.°"t ·1a·,· .the: ·8t;\lival.ence_ ·bet.ween. pl.ala-._. :·.' · .. '·.·:·)~ .f ... _ .... ·;.~:
....... . ·:: : ..
....... . - ·.: -----·-··-·· . .., ·- . . - : . .. . . . .. ---. .--,. ..... _.--·. ·- ·•:·
REF ID:A522164
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teXt and"~~ le:tter.e·. •Uld be -t!Dt· for Qoh nl"itt.e. "of .thit ~twior ot ·the
c1~ ~. But. the ci~er noel is ~tatahl.e ·and. hence -this relat101,asbip . ':'- ...
· 1.:t: subJ·ect ·" vanattma.. As thus t• daeeriW Ol.11' .cipber ,aeel 1.e bt ·no·~··
no'"1 "t'D ·.th~ lkrt. elm.la~ Sheels )1dl\g. well .~011.l k .other_ ~··· . Ou~
. . .
·t..e . ..,_ ·u·· 'w:t&lCh tile !'Bla.Uonahlp. bat.wen: .ptfiit\-tUt and .. otpher l'Gtte.rs· :la
"YM-ied ~6 ·0011trolld1 ad. t.·hon. teo..tures wUi no•. be. :preaanted.
. .
· .. the. 'rim ,Qr ·ttre. ·of :OU . C.iph~. wJIMl r 2:f. ie .~ed. wi ~ l!O· · plae U"tal'l.fletl·
·1n. ·fi'!8 superblpoeed bsade, each ~ 0011s.iat.iag ·ot 26 equ14UtanUT.-apacat, .
p-1••• ·tbese· p1ri9~ 'l!hiCh are ope:rel>J.e iD.d•pendaat.1.f,. art11 F.et:er&bq arranged . . . : . . . . . .
1a =PDOP& ·ot -~;~.S.we· traiuw.ereol.T .f4. tbe rim .. ta,ee,_ -and. are =~s1Uoud tor . ·
pGJ'JSUtatiw. ·.-op~ation. ~ accol'dance= ·with the ·penmtatlone ot . a ~ 'mdt . .· . . . . ... . . . . . .
code ea.eh .as ibc s..:anit .or Ba'Qdot code... ·ifo ·e:tplat.a.. wlla~ ~s --.t, w. ••1 -7 . . .· . . . . . . . . . . . .
that -~ ·to the Baa.dot eode, the :Pftlnftl.t&tim ·ot· olaea.te. tor t.he .letter . . . . . . . . . .
A, for ~ple,,_ .ts re~~d. :thuas . ..;. .. i ~ ~ ~ . .~r .wr. ~see 11e: .. •J¥· let
th.•+ dt'-' ·1ndi·eate that a pin 1a to be p0:d;t1one4 ror posiUve ·oPG:"UoD:,·
the "!"!"ai~~: ta:t 1 t· 1• ·""to. be l&tt in tu. inoperative .or ·macu. w PQD1 ttcm~
In 11@ilnt 2_ ~bere. ts_ a~. a. 'Vin 1n idde el.~UQD o:t c. ~t.ion of t.. ~ 1~· of t.bo cipher.· "tlheel. or COl!dtato.r, wi.tJ:L the pins .now 'be.\Ag i!ucribed... The a
·. . . . . . /\ .
pma bdi~W· '9' dotted linea 1n ~e· tipre- i'epresmt piu ·whiah nw bom . . . .
le:t• a~eaJ.- ia theu iD&CtiYe .posttiou1 'Cilla p1Ds 1Dd1~ted. tfr_.vhole line.a
reir..mt.··. piil"iil. llhicdl h.ave been· el..nated into their . acuve 90slttms. th•
peNata~~a hift-w Ja l'1g11;,e /eone8J"Xld w .the - a1lll'&la - tba
lottera. -~-, :~ end· A· "Dae order of the- ~ettw.a in .figue ~: s.a,, of'. eourse, OlllJ . . . . . . .. . . .
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···: ·~ . . : .. ·. / ....
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Ul11a~u ff.; sin.ce .l!ill the ptn.s· o.aD be UTanpcl 1n ·actd:we or 1naet.t.u pooi t10lll: ..
to coneapond' with UJ' seqgmce ot Sip.ala ot t!le ~-t eode,. ad ·hmce th18
aeQ.uaae-.a, be var1G4 at m.u. .·.·· .. • • "t •••
-: ·. ·:.~- ::
.#. •• ·-·· ••••••••••••• "'!'""= ••
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-:----~--------------·~ REF ID:A522164
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~ta~r tnmalt'ter ·abo• ·ldt.i:d.a "'9 ~t.tat ·Jae blDOk dulpated aa at;· . _, ,., . .
. . ~ . .
22· .la,~ ·.i .• 1iht.ch ecm.s.t.ata e8smtt•l1;r vi. a .ae\ ot S· eorttaot-loYen-· .· . '
•••bl• bet--. ·palftd lett aD.d · ript contac\i... :1e1'114lli,. thee oaataot--
~ ·ar. .held. e&&itla:t. the- left.. cqnta~t.,. 'b7· ~o action ot· ras1).e<)·'1ft ~:Ule.
·81>1'1.n&s, lm.t .~'4 a pin • ~ Ii.a of the· ei~. aeel 1• ia .1h act1• .or · t>..O ~ 14 co..ru.. •i\, ~ 4"'1 ~-f "ts.:\) . : . . .
•rat.tw poati.cm~mi -~ thnretore :present. i·ts< 1o tbe coa..tae~c :cl·t.a
lrhieb it 1.a. asaociated1. ·.it. presses apine:t ~ ~tut,;..lever. Gd ~·. $,:t. to . . . 0-4 ~- -~ t.CA.o.e. .i)~IJ r--<rt;,,._.f~; .i. ·~ !
wake -.it.a.ct .a'f. ·the right. fba Jn 'UUdr· tn..cUw po.sitiaa' •·not .. ot ~··· " a.ct .. o,.n. theH :eootaoWsven, ·all.fttn1 the· .la.t-ter to r~• QP.illat ~
re:apecUn; le-t.~4 ·e:Ol'it.acta. !he·.tuncuoa ·e>t the pfdrod contaet.e.·ccmL~~led
bJ9 t&. ·mp&cUV. contaot-lwers ot the oam'8t.r trmi8111tter •ill be- mcpl4iaed·
l .Pol"tiou . .Or the C1phe-.r ·wheel near tb9 edge et the revwse t_. a .. 1.•·.
torud. to ·ea,rl'1 a l'"atchet. wbeelt 8b.ollll 1n .Ftgan. 5. !hit1i '1."atOhet. moid. .. can~••
t.tR!lll~X ·.-.ui&.stamtq-&paoeti· taetb, ·CllllT ttV. ot *1.dl are 3hom in Ii.pre- :$1 . .
one tooth being de.atpat.ed as 2s. It· ls likni:le desipatod fS .!A ~r~ .l~
Att30C!aW •1th the ratchet. ~ee;i; 1& the pal _.sb.o• at 24,, nsurea. ·1 ad -S..
·'fhe ratche.t meel. and pawl, ·iqe:ther Witb e:~.eo~p..t_ 25 and i.t.e .ana~e 4l• . .
11(\lrea l F.IM. 1., de~• ·the ·stop posiUon o! the cipher wheel. ill 1 ta· _rot..aUa
oa the .ahd't 7, under th" 6.r1ve ot coiled sprJ.ag s,. 11bioh is wolUld or aaintldne4
under ·a desired 'HUI• by a motor a. ~o,1\-Q.· ~ J\" ~ ~ .... ~~· he.. ~~~~' . , v .... ')
Itoten-lna. to. ng.s, tae apr.lng .9 mq .be ®awaim~ housed 1a a barrel 41'·• . .
I .
tl.xed on. tbe 3hatt ·7· tor· inte.gral mov.-et t.bwetd\b ad. ut.h· s~id cipher wheel,.
. . Si -~
.· .··.
vv.·
which i:; alao ltqed or ot.be-:nrise. :secured to tbe ·elud't 7 • A 1!JOl"m· ~ 48 lurring , .. ·.
a. hollow i.ib .41 la jOll1'ftaled .for rotation crt ~ 1 ad :rmct1cma-~
a&soo:1.ated· in.etnm.ea.tal.1t1ea to n.tu~te t.~sionillg o.prl:i1g e,. one. lSGd ot n.id . .~ .
·apri.G.g ~ai· eecured ·to_ tb:a wona U.l at & 1 ad tbe othin> md ot tbe ap~g
being ruw to tho Wft at Q,. Aa before· ota\sd itpr1n« 8 1a uinWaed udeJ!' 'II("
· ~~ei.oll b-j' ~toll' m, wb.i.oh "is c0uplod to drive the •I'll wbe.el b7. amma ot .Om
............... ~.·.:.·-:.· .. •.;-····.:·.·· ... -.-.. ;·.-. : .. ·.- .....
REF ID:A522164 r·
:_ ..... · · .
. :. ·: .. . . : . : .
Aa 1'111- be· .-seen b,y ·nferoi:u:e t;.0:. Fig.a,. the c1rcv1t !or the motA>r,. which 1
tet.fP.8_ ·.;<\>":_:·
col.1-ed ·spr.1.rlfl a under te.aalon,. · 1s· -~osed or OJ»Gmed. -aecordiug ·to the degree· -at ·-_...: · ' :·· \,,.·:· ':·:
tensioa_ ttbiCh. tt ta desired to aaintaia ~pm th& ·aaid ~~; ·the~· i·s,. at·ter the ' .. _: · · ·_:,:·}-, . :· · .. •• =··.·
. . below .e. predErtet.min·ed ·mnimum.._ ·r~r th& purpe·s~ of con·t.rol.Ung this · act'lon, ·:Uie:
c1rcu_1\ -.~1ge11~t .in· oper~ti~e connect1oi:i wr:Ub ·the -tso·tol".,, oonpi.iees le&4& £$ ajid:. -~;._{:°.:·.: . . ··· .. ·.·:
_· 54_, irud;~dJ:Jlg a vol-tat;~ Murce 55. . 'lhe motor abaft is .oper·atively oonple4 ~ tlle: <L-rc( .. worm g85r. -~ ~1 i.llQa;Q,$ or •· slide coupling" comPrisW.& .co:s_pou.en t~ 56 and 5"1. . ~nm ·. :/!.~>":'.:
:;_:? -~.: ..... ·
: .. · 10 .. . . ....
coupl~n.g is ,gr&du!tlly ·m.oved :a.wa1· from it$ COlBPOO&n:t. m_amber.· -56 due to the- .r.esistance · -<-:,~ · .. · . ' . . . . . . . . :·:: ... ::·:·
. . . . . -~ .·
of. s&i.d sp1•1ng a. 'L'hua the 1.'0l';ia !wheel 43·. tse.ds to. move· :tb.'9 Yior.a .gear as ·indicated..·· ·._ . .f:v·::
by th·~-· Ell"Nit ~d 'P.l"Ogr.es.ses ~e mtir,o ~llaf't. ·58. !~. the slid& C®plin.g to -~ r!pt<. 1:·~-:-.r .. . . . . . . . .. : . . :· .. . ::· ·:. i
(-He Fig.6) against t.he .aetj.oo or ·.sp:ri:ia 59.. .Sleeve 60 ~bicb- ·1a- r.$.g1Cll7 scoured.~---·-. \t·<.; .sh.tf'f. ss. ~-B operative throuah .the adJti~table L-eha.pea .mom 61 111ith ap.rag con·i.act ·'·;\;:(.<_::
• .. ·· ... r:
.. \_\,~_-:.:r· .. ·,<.·· .. :.
. ·: ·J· ·:· · .. "'. ·: ...
-mounted. on· b&arillg 64_, in -.hich abaft. SS i·s Journ.al-ed. Block GS .1s _prov·idee. -..1.:tb ·, . .
. . . .
a :n.otch er groove e·5,. 1nto·wich ·the projectJ.on· 66. ·or ~priDg contact meiiber- -6i m.u. ···-\<( '.: . . .··_ ... l:i:··.= ..
' drop. and:_ breek -the- coat.act a.t ·G? to open. the circuit .ud. s.top the S10.tor M. During· ·vi··;
• • I : • • I°"• ! :~··
this period_ o£ -aperation, 1 t should be no·t.ed thu.t ·tb~ drive shaft 1 is ·held f'roa · · · .ii) .. :·:
. . . -· rota·tion., ·nomill:y, by the armature d magnet ~-~ ~~ 11\
' ~ .. , .. . . . ....
!
. 'Whil13 a -spring aotz;r d:rivi»;· m.oclicnis::.l t'Ol' ·t..h~· eivh~r ~heel ·"in. here· .disclosed:
.: . ~by Wz.J- of· eXAziq:ilc, it ie. ·an.c10r~tc:od thr,t ·other. me:\l:e~o .are ·eon.t.emplate~ su:c!l .as
Y'-· . . ,
2-_3. : .... ·. ·:. . . . ~·
.31otcr ud _clutch_, er n ste.pping 1:mgn.et err·nnger.en t,_· or other· S'lli ttlbl~ D.t!!!ZS tbat · ... : ··,_,
rill ups.rt :nover:ir.n.t. to ·the ciphair ·r.h9el in a.ccor.dance wl. th. the pri!l,c!.ples· of
the invetl~.
The aov«tleiit of t.hei cipher "flheel ie J.):roferabl;r step-b1-step_,. or at· .in:ternle
wbi.ch 11111 b& t¥a.Pl&Uied subsequa t.ly tu. ~i~:a-;i;io g ~ the· Yla"f in 1Shich the 1iho1e
code t..rmsmi t-ter such. as is empl.oyed 11lth printug telegr~pb equipment .of
I • • •:"
.. "':. ·: .. . ;, :
... · ..
··.. ~ .
.. i ·'
r·- -. ·------,,....~.·-;i:o-r-~~io· ~- ... ···------ ... I ,. ,. '
. ' '
,/'\
RE·~1n-:xs-zrt~------_,,.,...,,,,~--
('. . ....... -·
bQm. coael'Oial tJpea. Its general tn.t1m,Je. noe4 no.t. lJe .explained,.
aimilar ·tiaaait\e.nl bCWig ·wen ltn01ll in tba art.. I' 1a: · l!d't:t.cient ·to . .
ae:y here -t~a·t a tape eOtt:taining pdora:Uaaa ~ted· ill a.c~rdec.e '111.tb
the. Bauaot:_ Code 111 pa.saed -~p. thf..a trma!.:ttV-., sa.tting up .a seria•· ot· 0 ·
. .
fi•o eoiit.1.ct3 a.au. tbo traaitte.r :iti acc.o~oe dth the li:w;dot Code. ' .
Tho -~·a1urad ttmr 1:s• of cour.~e, 4'.lao pr~v1ded 1!1.th · a ~pe-;a~»iu1· aapet 27,
the f1Hlct.i0n ·of" which. 1$- to step the tape 1.'o1!11A:r.d .at· pr:~pw a·wrval.a·• ?he . .
;>rinc.tp.al . QUfermce ~t."llem. thf:. transmit• a~· u·Ee4 .ill standar:i;t prin.ting
. tels.C%a.ph ·aqui~t mi ·?.<S used iD .our· .ln~ti«l· 0:(111Si-.St.~ in tbe ft7 1Q : .
~·~~?;: . ····:
·:·.·I
. ..:< :. ~ . . ": · .. :·
. ·.: __ .. .· .. :
..·.:::-; '• ···!=
. ·'·· ··: ..
. :.· . ·:= ..
·. · .. · -~ ~ .· -~
. . -~. _:.: ·'.
·.· .. ·
.. ····.·
.·: ·.
... · .... ! .....
·.· . ·:" · ...
. -mi tter· e.re intereorm.ee-.Hd. In ·tb& nor'1itlllj.-ldred transm.tter· ~o f'tve ·ca:t'lt~etr. .. · .· ·
_:_-
leYere. -·au. tb.e·1r tea ~ssoo:.t.a~, paired COl'&·tacta we. iambere. ot .a s.et ot ti••· · . . .
se.~ate or· 1D.4~mt. circu1tiil ia tu vaait.·ter ~a ·motl1f'J.ed. £n_m
plrJc,>see ~-live o=tacWevora end their tm -.aocla.ted. pail;"ed cmtacta ~
oondv.~tivt·~t.endn.tng amben-. ot a !Jeri.es o1Z'C'Q!.t,. a& u:plaine4 in. -~ . . . . . . .
-~e. Ci!,)her.C9'1' trmumd.t,. 28_. is ;ascociated m4 i"tmo:t.iocu~· Ja-intl.J' with . . .
the. comuts..tor ·trnsmit:tez tt, ~ co:strol. the &llgolu dieplac•er.its of the
c.1;.~r. ahee;l. Qi' CCl:Di:m.tator. in tho i'ollov,ing muaor... "!lot& rolttt 28, m.teb is
energiHd .tv curret ll'Olt .b4t.te17 29, through a path vbtah 'bepua at. emductor·
SQ m4 .. ~cl.tade~ on.i, toll :ot the. ~wet, CODtofiC:te ad. all ·the contAl.C''-ieY&n· ot
oouuto.wr trcm,ter 221 ad 11t91 ... tape· transmitto:s.-26,. ail 1·e. ~-pl~tcd along
cxmdactor 31. . Dote. also the illvatratiff eek,p. o£ contact& ad. ~taofi-lavoe . .
at !i and 26 in 1'1,prc& l, in •hieh a specitie case is ;.reean·t.ed.. ·it. ia aS&Wlled
~:te that ~- 'tirran1esat 0£ opan.,ti.,.e· piu1 ·on· 1.h~ clphs \Yheel 1Bhicb. ue at
the\, • ._, pre.a.en..t.tns \h•selves .w. tbe coataeli-leven. of tha -eipher-Deel
tramemitte.r 22,, carr•apcmds. '° the !i•do\ pal"JJID~tioa tor let~r ":Z"• At
the. 111:ame moment the ·oharaoler oa the li:-47 t6pe. ad the pmmtation. ot eentaow
_eset.-UP.· 11.i. tb,1u. t.Jae c!:p)l.~ tr11mai t~ !&, alao a0rreilpo&i15· 'Co the l•.t.ter
,. •-z• .•. Dote· ·that. in. nu of tbe .llW'Jller 111 :Gioh the t.weav contacts ad tbe
·.· ...
/ .. !
·. .. : ...
., • ...
· ...... . . .......
... . · . . . . .-·: ··:·,
.. ..... :· . ! .. . ...
· .. ·:
.. . . . ..
. . .. · ..... :i
. .. . ... :. ~:
. -: ..
. i
: . ·: ·: ... ·.:
....
·.::
.. ~- .. -~ . · ... · . ~ . -: .
~ . . ~ . , ·. . ·~
... s: . . ..P ... ... ~< ........ ·"'· ·~ .. -... H .. -=···:··-·..,..,_4iif".'I. · ... :... ··.,,.··: .··r·- ... ·.-:-· "".: ............. . }C- M ·<•:P: .. ,.Q.4 ¥.i) .:-~ ... · . ..... ·~·· ... 4 ... J .. 4. ... •~t ... c ... ·.· ... ~-·-:.-·-.:i .... , .
REF ID:A522164 r·~·-·.~-~ --·----,·-··--.. --·-=-- -- . -·. -.....
-~
. 0
. . ff· t~gh· .r.elq n· i,s GGnpleted ·OD17 .•• the libal! ·ut ot ~lectrtcnl
co:uioet.toas· :estsb:lt•ed· at ·the. -ci-p!ter-tcq- tr-&Daitter :28., .. · e:o!ad.des rd.th . .
th·e ·1f!loio. •e-$. of' -conneetiOilft dtal:li:shed ·at -~ comu·tator t.rmumitter 2!.,,
&m·ee-: u--·•z·· 1.e se\ .• ,.ia· ci~~ mmsm"t~ ·2e, relay 2a ld.11 operate
aai, .. ·: ~·z• is· eo~ -up in ·the -~·tAtor· trimm t~ .i2.. s1=Uv.i1 .it 1m1 . . . . . .
·~e~ :·ieth1·, .sq· 9%•~ .1:$ :fet-·up ~ the ·Cil>~· tran:Sllitter ~; r.ela: 28
:id~l ~perat.e only ·w.heu •x• 1.lil· .•et tip ,tn the coa!llU~toi· tr.anss:t·tt.er 22, 'lbe
~pl-~t.o ~th of ·t.be· ·cunen~. ·.daa euela .comold.ance· ot COl:U:!.ecti.ona iD trus-..
aii~ta~• ··n. and ·!& ia ·••tA~shed 1:8· as toll01i81·
· ha po·At.tJ:f'e ot b.att1n7· 29 ~icing conductor so, throu.r,b all tho conti!ct-.
levaa. Uad.. ·,the 'ten ·asaocia·ted Closed ocm~ts of t.rsn.aittera. ~8 end .22~ ..
. ~ ~ ., . ......
.. : · ..
. . ·:· . .. . ·. :···
. ~ .. · :: : ..
. ·. ,· ... ~ : .
. . ··:.··"': · .. · ..... · .
; ~·: :· : .. . . . . . . . . ~ ·::.
· .. ·· . : . • ..
. · .... . · ..
.··.·, .·
. .. . · ': !
.· ... • .. ·
.. •·' . : . _;.: :~: : . ...... ;· ·. ._., ·:·
· c=dlJct<)~·, i4-~· to o.ogativ:1J· ~t l>&·tteq ·ae;!I lt 1.s ol."Viaoe th:i"t sinCe· tho -smne:ture· · ... ·: ·:··_._:::·. ' • ' • I • i ' •: !":,,,'"'
Q· -Dad ~-~k ~t~c·t 52 ot relq ·2e t~· ·part,s of'·· the ~ircait t.ol6 me.rg;f.:1nr .·. :: .·. . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . :: . ~. ··:<~/ '.
. re~:.,,. ·ns· 1oon. o!llt th·e relay bau neet:ve4 .an· ·1'ipui.te and .arao;t."aro 53· i·• ·. ·./.: .. :·. ';·~ -. : . . . . . . . . . . . ·:· .. :· :
~\~a~_,'>-ee ctreuit for energisi!lg Nla7' 2f! is brokan •t contact ·s2.. Since·· .. , .. ·· .. ·.~ .. >.
·.a~tra~:·{5····;:1a. oder· tansicn cf .a n.t7aet~l& aprl~g, U' .Mt pr.nm~. traa . :.-··· .. :;···· -~·:·.·. \:~: . .... ··.· .. ·:···_.·:
be:tag- puile4 be.c.\t ut.o its ao:r.mu pori:UoD on nie.~s.e: ot l"e.l.a7 m,, e.neture
·u.~tfr.HtabU.ah ·cent.act .ati 52 ad· WOllld aet up .a; chatter~g. But- :the . ·. " _: ... : ·... . . . . . . . . .
-mecb4mi~·. ·_.rzmgeacte &l'e ··auob t.ba.t nen. anatore ss· ls t11.'°z,. draa 11.P b7 . .. ·. :;. ... ·.
. . .. . . .
raa~.g ·to .1t.s. retr•c"i.Gd· goeit.i.on where it C:Bll r~sta.bliah.contact &t s2, nW l~Tar S5 ·1a· dl•;>l.aced .. bJ' ~ical.. '1CtioU. to .be deucribed ·later.,
·bu.tUre SJ . or r&lq :28· also controls. the ilapet. :.s, Alrea• :referred ·to, ..
. . . . . . .
tor the· •,~r wtdeh. kG.ops ·coll&<l. ·.s._pr.1--"l_g 8 uud.a·r ttb""l.Gicm ii:; clo.se~ or opced
.. · .... : . . .
_;: : . .'· ...... - .. ;r . • ,,. .·
. •,• .... ~ :·_. . .... .
'' ·.::••,'r• I
... ,.: . : . . . .
.· . -~"'· .... ·~· · ....... · ..
·.·:·:>:-~::_;_ .. ,'. · ..... _·:· :-: ,.: · .
.... · ..
,i .•
. -..... _.-· ... · ·.··
: .·:' .. . . .
. . : ~ ··: : . '.
. . - :, ·:··· ... ...
. . ~ ..
:'".:.. ·.·
. ·:.··· ...
r~~-::-:--;;-. -·-·~-:~-~=~.':--~··-r.: .. ,~~ -·~.--- - .. - ·=
~ . ~- ~··· .· ~ ~
dspedla.g upon tlae ten.:aiOA o' t.be .eprt.n11. that i;s, .after tJut flpr.lng hq·
.£n.Q-f..st.· .-tension:. the· .aotor ls s~ped ·&4 ·i• ml7 etaJ'i;ed .sf;a1n .aftd
. ti'tl·tt teft=e.ica ·baa deerl!M.l.&ed bel.K a .e.ort&1n min!Jlam. 'ftle. ro·ts:tt.ozt. of the . .
.elpher· .. i· 1is l&ep-._.tep~. controlled \i;p' t!i8 ·••Ot•t. %5., Ad the _.~tchet
: ·.··":.·-;-:-~:::-~:'fl:~ ....
=:· ••• ••
.·· ..... _ .
·· ..
re.terr~. ·t.c . .-bove.. Asaume· t.he .eontAc\-1..._e ·in ·tnnaittera 2! ad 28. · . · ..
':.
. 0 •.
r 1
t. ' '
aoi u~ ·to ·uU'terent pGl'llD·to..tion:a .so tbfit.. relay 2.8· is not . energized mid .. · ..
hence :~\&ct 56 la clued. .A c1.11-rent s.w.t.- troa positive ot ·battert 37·
tbrou~. :con.duc·to.r 58,. ~ conta" .58., eoilduc~r •• !>lick contact 40,.
ariu.tur.e···~·'' ··condnetar ·~·,_-1d.nding ·of up.et 25., ooumtor 43, ·w nepti'fD·
ot :bat.tei-y. S?:. A llOURUll'Y lmiftllse pas.EJe.~ ~~.P mo.pet zs· and ~a'Qa,ea
aras.ture _4.l .. w be -~ttr•cted~ bre~1dzis .. ~· ~~rad t at ·back· ccnt.ae.t 40', . . .
w~er.Gl,-_·. $~blrc 41» ut1de:r aotloa ~f' .it.$·· e-pring, ·n~e a..."4 again closes
+)le ·cironi·t at 40·.. Boever_; tb!'J HcrhGicsl ·arnag•e:it is neh t.h~t tb.e. ·
•2•~1 ·-$,tl'ncUan of ansatur• 41 rel~.se• ~ .. pawl,. 141 · a.anoeiate! ntb . ... .. . :
·tbe ~4tehct 8 the C1t1her :~ aad. 'tlm.1 allOJ.fO tb9 ei~er 111b9ftl, d.rl.T(;G,'l by
·coiled. spring 1·,: to· ad'fa~ee ·.~e ·akp. !am_,. tbe· ciphSr wheel eoat1'111&0 to . .
'JlOYO,, ·~~· ~tsp .flt .S. iiiae,. SO long as ba.ak: '.eQJtt.'lct 56 of' relay 2.6 r•$G ..
-eloaod:;. -'11;~» 'AOWeYV, .the pemu.tation of eont~ets .~e\. \t~ ln the co·autt.tor·
t.rm:umit~c?- ·be.cotte"5: the; 899· sa that .tttt u;t in the ciphe~ tr1naittel!,
tmsa ~i1u1stng the oomple-tim·. of the cueel t. ~gh re1e.y 28 as alrr111ad7 · . ··-·~ ·. . . . . .
. · .. . .
·and ·1.e Mld ~pen ·by .. le.Yer 55· as d.Deribeci e.~, JllrilP.et 2.5 ccnno~ operate
to· n tl'-.d:r1n1 .ar&o.:ture .. 41}. hmee the pd'l 24 emaot. be rel.ea.sea·»· ·llb.~pon ·the . . . . .
: . . . .
eipiier wh~ol eann.ot a·dvaactr ·DJ ··rvth.er.. .A.a atatod: Wore,. the ti.rd ·~lse
~lh F.al.aJ. .28 ·cataJHt!I -~ature. SI to ~ &t.trac.ted,. to p&.#J.8 lq' lffel' iS#
wlli.ch ta~ .tt!!£Age8' ·the enatlll'e. !lms :caiitie;cii. 18 r•sSns ope.a· ae loag as
Jiu.er .as· ·•e~ea cr:i holds it. ·It ia oni,y ·tdthJl'l this··perlod,. whc tho . ~ . . . . .
01.fher wheetl· .is stati-ou.ar.r, that 'tlle k971Douci 1 1 om ·be llU1pulate4," the
aech.Qiet.X· arrtll'!g-amett·t beia« such tbat the:· kq• of the keJ'boerd ee locked . . . · .. ·... .
-11--.
·· · ·• · ....... ···· z ...... !dj€4i4.:m.;;z.c.w.?!~-4>.:e.a.::sc.~z:. ... *¥i"~ .. J.. :_: .. ·.~ _24.;. .. -... :. _:·a:. .. _ ."
• • • • • I •
. . .. . ,'
.. : ... :_ ~
. . ·;·~ -":: . :;. . . "·: •• :; ."·.· •• •I
.· ... ··.; .:.··: ·: .·· .
. ....... · ... · i
· .. :. :: :: ~ '.·· { .. · : ~
·.i . . .
.:.\>;.:::< ... · >:·=. · .. ~:·,.~
.. ·· :. 'j
. · .. .J : . ····:· ..
,j
.... · ... ·
.. ·.· ... ··: ... ··:; . '
. .' : .. ·.: ·.:;
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::-·:. · ..... .. . ' .·: .. . -~ .... ·.-: .
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.:- .. :· ··.•···
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. . ·: . ·. . ~.
. :.-;:·. ·:·.
··:>~"\}.' .. · ..... -~ \ .... ;_:·_.'.
...
. ·. :.•
•::• ..... · .. ;·:·. ·,
·=- .. ·: :· ... .
. - ...... . =?4'
. .
- : ·:.· -- .:--· .·.-;-··-:-.. __ :-"' .. - .~ . --· ---· ----- .. ~¥ _ __!_:0 .. ;__~_2 .z ~ ~ ~.
11 .. - : ....... :;e.: .
.·~pito:se. nn & bQ' ·1s depressed.. !be cipher .naalta\ wUl ·be. detmained
~ tile p0dt1oa Qf the cipher ueel at thia t111e., beoemse ·tho &t.l'el11' ssiab
Ulhed. thnnlila the· cipher vbeal. depetlt!s. u_pOa. :the asot reletJ.'f'e position of
Wa wb~el .i th "s,pect to ttzea plates f ud e. ·fheo. a b7 ~a ciepressoa,.
the ¢1pbel' .. t"eBUltut 1• ehoa· ._,.··the 1llmd.laa~d ·lap• t.he lAtter co.ntJ.ldlee
to. be. lllimimateci sol.CD& as th• .key 1• hold do•. · ·Je return .no.w· to relaJ' 28 and. I.ts· ·otber ar.U,-. 46 .•. -rAe lat.ter. C0?1.trola
·tQ . o~~ti- of :t11.e tape-atepplDg Upet 27 ot :tb ci.pt&ex-k07 . t.-rmumS. tter 28, .. . .
111 the :t.o11Gw:blg ammera. . !hs ·tape-at.eppiug ma.gn.et. 27 !s IJ4tuat.ed by
batterr «J 'bat ·t.b.e cU;cai t le a.orul.1.7 open at. conte.c\. 45. Wbm relar ·28 ia
·•ei-llaoci, .. ~, anaature· 46 is attr.a.cted and contact 45 is ·1101BC·tarU, . .
.....
... : · .. ·:
" . . . . . .
: .· ·. ,·
. . : ... · -~.:
'.i
... : :·'
clo~: .Xlowtng tApe-st.pping macae.t t' to tua.cuon._ 'lhls causes ·tlse ke1. tape ·. :.,;~·
to •tep torn.rd to tb• nut posi.ttou. It all rema.tD 1D thst poation. anU.1
the nd\ ~ rely as 1• energi~.CS.
'fb.ere· no•· ftQaiaa·. to be hsm:bed cril7 bow· lever !o ·1e ccntJtoll.ed1.· !he
k~~ar.4 ts: pn:"fidod "1th :a -1 •ersal. bar,, ·operable b7 n~ k9)" •. '1hen ·a 11.,
1a· ae,re~sed ad ·then released, the uaivenal. b.!lr, near tho elose· ot 1te
u~· awt.n.g on return to cor.ul pos.i ttion •· actaates 1ih•· lever ·ss, ad causes
.. · ..
. . .• \
.. . •.
... ·;·i .. ,
. ; .··::
. . . .
·1t. ·to tJe: n'trhdra• tru ita en~ent •1\b uut.ue a&. !h-e· .latter· i:a:zledUt.elJ · .·. :;;: .· . .
retUl'D• to l·t• 1'101'1181, retracted pos1.tJ.cm, allowillg ·f;Oll t.ct8 to· be NeBtab-
. li:sbeet a\ si· and 38.. h ·the m.DU:se the tape-ate.ppiQ:g. maaa•' kavJai been'
actuated :as described above, one ot two ihi!lg• can happen .as regards the set-
.=:
.. d ~ ., ' '
. .:.:
·. ~
11p of .comieoti.cma :.Ill eiphe-r-ke7 tranrutter. 2tlt· either a nev .set. 4tf comu1etio1u1· · _ :· . . : .... . . . . . .
betwea:l cmits:e!i,..J.oen and pair~ con·taotcs .has· been eetabl1Dhe.d, ·OJ",. b.r· ob.aaoe,
it ta ·sbiilar characw"8 ocOUJ" in sequence. on. the tape,. the. &u.e set. ot
ooane.cti.Qn.ss. u ·befor.e· bas bee •etabli.ahed. 'flte•e· two ca.sea ·are deacribed la
tanu
. · (1) · U a .nw set oi c~-ect..tcas 1D ciph.....Uf tl'tmuitter !6 has ·bee
.~a\a~·dod1 .sq a se.t. coneapouding to the Baudat aipal f'or •x•:. tJle · ut
., .. i·
. ".i : 1
,:
'• :. ·. .'
. ; ·. . ~ . . : I.
,, 1.
·.· !
REF ID:A522164
r:-.-- "'.":---.... ;:-.. ~o· .• .,,-~··.--·. ·--···-·-·-__,..--·--:- .. ·--,, ...... ·. ···-···.
l '.
. ~~·:
r . ' . "
; '
:.·.·· .. ·:" .. . . ~~. ·t . .
.; • I • • "• '
mJ..,.aai ·~, the e1rcu1t for mer.giai.ng ~epet t5 13 closed,. -allomg tbe. .··.:·.··.·: .. . · .
• ', ,_. .. ,I' :•
~ • : • ·. • • • I
< .. : . :· .. ·· . . . . .
· ·ot· -~~~-the- :da or_ the cipher ·wel correapandlBg to let-tar ·llP. ,PJ'9Hn'8 • • I • .. '
itaelt· ·.to ',the 0oaiact-leTIJrs oE ~ eomutator· tr.anait.tGr ·22, ~poa rel.q · ·· ·.' :·:.: ·. · .
·2£9· :.1.~ .. :mie~~sed~ contact ·at !CS .is. :bJ'Ota; .. ~guet .!5.·fl•era1sed, md ··the ... :;~:)·:.:.-·.) . . .. : .. .": · ... : ....
before (·•·z!ft age!ti), reiJ.q S·. ie. .tmeiia.telf aergtaed,. aiaoe tJJ.e. oorav·tatmi
tra.mtter .is. stUl ae:t.·up tor ·pezmtatioa •z•. la.pet 2:5 doea DC\ ~cUoa . . .
.a the ciPher ·tfheel 1a b·~ in pl4ce. 'fwo ·1et.tera an ~•nf'ore· tnc1plutre4
at. the -•·.position of' tbe ei~ wheel. Ot course,. 1t -the ker tape :aow . .
eons!~~· of ·a .am.ea ~t •;z•a•., •o oiph&r· 'llfheel will~ .in tta.ed poaitioa
daring .. the-· _enc1pheraoat ot a co~eaporidin·g a.umber. ot." l•:t.tera.
·well.·· ·aa· _the pe$1t.&Uone· or· opa"ati'Wll pins ca tbe rs.a ot tho e.tpher wbeel .••·t be restricted. ·to .two sets ot 28 {ti-11.ar perratatian·s,. oth.enrlae there :would. 'be
· ..... '.. . /
. . . .
aipbmeut ·Or .deoiPtJei"tleat eoltld take place!t ·fbia le: tn·e for tbe reason tlat.
ta order to 'bring the c1per 'lhee-1 t;o. ft.3\ .it is" sssen·tial. that a permutation . . . .
.of pin·s .m._l:ta .da eact.17 coia.cide vlth tba" p9l'IR-tati.cm. C\loh uppme to be
set. up·· at the" cipher-by ·t.raumtttar a\ t.bat moam·t. Th.la re~trict1cm ·to two . ·.. .
sets of :dall ar penuta't.iou·s .tloes not.,. boWft'l", redUee the- ·CJ7Pto~e .
se.curi t7 ·of" ·the qeta JD. 11DJ ·degree wJaatsqeve.r.
.. ~ ·. ·.: .: . : • : •I
.' - . ·. ! '
.·.· ... : .,
.:."···.=: . .. . . . . . .... : . ~ .
; . :'
• I • • ,•
..
· .... . ~ ...
::. : .. :. := . ·:: .. ;·: .. :· ..
:.·. ·:·_ ':.
· ... . · ..
. ·.·: ··. : ·'.
.. ·. :.· .
· :~~ aclditton. a.t.tm\ion 1a ·aepacial.17 called _to th wq in" \Wbt.eh a. nr.iCNS:_ ·; . -~.: .·· ~ ·
-clis~.tap of other crntoarapJ.aa eraploJiDg the. B.suaot. code far ·arnwgraph.S.o-· ·.:·>._·>-:-:·. ·. · . . . . . . . . . · .. ·._:.
pur,=osea: 1$ -obviated: ia car. v.nea.. In order to uplain mat; is ·aa•t it -11
aecus&JT to enter 1Dw a brief diacuasion of ·hud01i ~Rion tr= tbs· :.:\.:\\ ·. ·. \
REF ID:A522164 : : ··-~.::~:·:.; "'·--··· ·-----~.-.~::: ...... ~~~:-.·-,. .. - .... . ...... ·- ........ :":'""'" -.. ------··· _,, ___ -- ··- - - . . ..
·······--·---·---------.. - -·~·: .=.:·~ . . . . . l ~ ••• •• f;.
r--..
pr~t1oal.:. eeeaoaic.· poJ.nt :ot Vin. 1or this purpoae refet.enc-e 1-1 .aade ·\\°) · ... ·.
v •. s~ .. P$~t .lo .. 1,41$ .• 765,. :18fte4 &.r ii, 19!!,. to.-Q. s •. ·f$mu• liaee 12 .
w 81.:·ot_ the spec:J.;ticatJ.on.
Ir! . .-··~~:'.· pat.ct to which i"tBf-anaee .bu· J~et... been· made,, a speeial aeah&n1aa
·,_.ni in!Ud···to ou_ppreae the ·ids aw& characters wbUh cause all theae. dU't1-
·•lU•ai: ad U.U•. aeCOfllll•s the ebJect. ·mteraaed, the .meobn1•. i:&l •1 te
--~it~t.ed •4· has ·a edi:tton: the -~·r.uv. 41euvcta,p that· ·the me.tltod
. .
in .. Jner-.~~ the naeber at charaet.e:re ·to_. b.e trasmitted by aa much •=• 10 to · ·
so. Pr;r._· ·cmt.:. In our m.-tioa·, .~th tbe·ae ·disad•aDtage.s haw been. 91.i!lioatet. -· . . . .
. . . • •. ~ ··=.
· ...
• • •• 1 . . • I
•· .. I
·" ..... i . . . ;
. I
':' ... ;.
.: :
. : ·. . ··:"· . ·.··.· .. :·
... ....... · ·-·- .
. •' . . .
.-·· .... -:·_; ..
::· ·. ::.· • • ,j• ••
·2& . ot·_ :t~~. ~ JJalldot ·permt&tice tor CJ:7PtoS:-a1lbic pUrf)GSe:J• So ·r.mr as -: :·. ··,;;> ... · .. -::
.er,p~Jhi.C. ·t1'cm,.1Ci\1e. i·a ~~med,. basi.csll.7 01:.1r atttmg-.t.s·. f'or e11~otmg :< :~-· .. ;·,'.' . .·.·~
the •silt utra· ehareo-ter.$ orJ~•ril1 bl~ced. b.Y: the- ·ua• of ·the .Baudot cot!a·
tor.·omtcp-a~o par_poses dUter frOZt those de.scnbecl in tbe p!,tent retened
to -stO•• · ia Ute tollowia.1 :rcopec_t.... l.n ·~ e.t'fptogra.p~c .syfjtea •~•l:rU.1 the
ls:thl' ~tho.ti ~ ~iph.er result.mt.a ~ the ·CX'J'ptognphlc · ·preeeee. are th•
renlterits at .UeCtl!'iCal llltetaetioa betl!e• ~ .Sot of sipal!JI& ol8MAtiS .ia
th• Baud-at· code -uet ·up 'by .a m.ea-ua.ge cbara.cw:r and. a. "i!)t- 01' ~pal.lag ela11mt.s
ta tb.e .Bruse co~ set. .u-p bf a ·keJ' cb.ar-o.etw.J these reaulta..'lts een not be·
Teain.ct_ed to bllt. .26 of ·the .52. possible· kudot· permutations bf..-canse ·of tbis
intencti.Oli. h oUl" 0.t'lPWgrfs.phic a,-s.tiem tl1.$ · ~phel" re-aul.t~t& 1n tbe ornto-·"· . .
~p}dc· ~cssa are ·llO\ 6:t. all tbe :rerinµ.te.nta ·of .. eJ.ec·tric~ ln.tcraot.lo.n bet.wee
tw .sew· of· .• ipl\l.ia,g: el.ementa 1A . the natt<tot eodeJ ·Uie si~i.ng •leaent.
.. , .. , =·.· •. ,:. ..... ·: ..... -.. '•: .'·
.· . ,·!
. ·. · .. i;·e ··=:· .• ·
. .. ·.;
· .. ·. . '• ·~.
. . . nor :ie" the. ·cipber resUl.taat. repre1:1ented by .siga.e.lini eleaeats in the Baudot cod.•·:" .· _.. · ..
. . · ...... :: . .
1he role- ·the !•udOt code pays in. our SJ•tera 1&• so far u e·tgnaUnr elemeott
are emicet.'l'led, m.17 ·&. ·itid!reet one,. and that ·ia why in our sy-stea -~ J'estrieti-·.· ·. ·...... . ·.· ...... . . . . . . '•. .
ot clpbr: .-¢haracters to a se.t of on1J' .26 ie :t'mdered ea.,.,. v1 th.out •1.' -appara.tu:liL. :. :·: .·· ·,·
·apoe1f1o!il~ invadaced to suppress the aiX ·extra ~ractters.. . ;: _ _.·--.'.,,-'(:::·.:.
•· .. ':.-· ....... ··-·~ ....... --.... ~ ..... v+.=: ..
... . . \
. '. ,, . : ·· ..
•• • i,
.' . , , I
... ·'
_,..-- .. -------------·---- .. REF---ID.:A522164 -··· -. . , < ·.
,...........,,
.. ..-
.- .
in~-t0a4 _:ttt . ~ se.,. at 2$ lupi, Cich. aagriot.a ·'""'1;S. act through ~per pltm.ge~s
or armat;o-i'nil ·ril~Ctl# U.po!l ·t,b~ -ke,7-boerd ·Of a tqpRri ter \U th 'ldl:lC.h they are
associ:!\tad_.,: :so as to tmlllHt ·tbe ~mw to .P.fint t'l:le le:t.ier.a ·ot tke ci;pber
ses.&aie,. 1n the ca~ of -eneipher1ng1 ad tll:e le,ter.s of t.he· pla~text ·aess.aie, . . . . .
14 -\h~ case or deo1pber.mg.
. .
· .jg .. in1 these up,e~e, ·itt;s-tead ot being seeetsted with tJt• ko,-boar4 at
aa. ordinary ·t;y:pe1fl'itG:r.,. -might. be «ei-socl~ted with- the kqt:o!U"d ot im: au:tom~U·e.
'teletr~;m· tr&Hrdtter ke7boa.rtl, Md tlnlu·, 1D tho csee or· ccipherirlg,_ bl"J:.aa
-ebout ~'\•. tran&isajpn ·or e.if;1al-s- conoepantH.Dg to eueiphe* lett.en. At.
. the keyboard, of tha c17pt0gt$ph, ad th8 · htter· -'r.Nld ca11so- the rece:Lwd
01791:.o_grahed. ~•tgaals" to- .be decipho~ and, if tJae crnt.oeraph ·at the reeai~
'end iii a.Uooia;ted .ri:Ui. a -~ier as described in thQ.FGC~g .,eragraph,
·the· ·cryptOgrapk .'l'Cul.d ·cause. a Writ.ten record to- be_ aade '4. the deciphered
musaa~~-
. .
lt is ;!$150 ctbviOV:S tb~t the .:ae.chataiem :'l'Aicb .Te h~'t"f: · ?NV1ded ·perlld.:ta· Ot . . . . .
-.fti-t:atJ.~at . .i.;l. -arr.>tO!Npl'AiC. res:sl~t:s ot.'ior ~ tbose tntroducsd b-J cb•l:iz.11.f"
tile. kq. ~!tipe. One ot these sources ot variat,1oli"' lie 1n thG poasib.Ui t7 ot . . . . .
. c'bangtng tb" p&l'l!Ntat1oaa ot .open\ive and 1..'lo~raUve p1-s ® tJ:te ·rt!. of tl:le.
ej.pber ~~· ~ther I0\1!'0'9 1;1.(l8 1;l the chMl~JJ o!' COf:lllBCtiO.DS .b9WHn · . . . .
tb.2 .-"ko.7ho.c:N. conU.~ta and .the CC)D.t.'J.ots ~ plate- s:. P.1.ga:re "lj or bot.n.ea the
. ,.···, . . . . . ~..... ·i
··<_.:-'-·.! •• ··: '"-1
··.· .. : . :;
. ... . ~ .
. "j .... .i
.. · ... : : ~
. '· 1 ,· .. ·.1
·.: :: .
. :: :. . ~ _;
. -1
: . : ..
: .. i
.-·_.: .. ........ · .. ·.: .··
. ·::· ..
~· :~· ·, . ; . ·.:
contz!bo:t_s -o~ ;l,&·te 4 •d tbe f;i.t:Qaling 'titllHD.ts ln .. banJc 10.. Ano·ther source· . : . : .. : ....... . - .
lles u,. 001\&tructins t!le cipher •n.ei i:i ;ho ectctim-. ·•· u:ppe:r and l01rer·, .90 . . .
~~ the tll'O ssc1J:ona cm be positioned·_. J~poaed .itt. ·tmT ••of tv•.ti;r•alx
different =points· ot etoiuoideiuitJ. Tdt.lt-reapact. to each other, tJme VU11llg tba
-1.S--·
. . .. , • •• '• I $. ..,. • , • ,, • _ ... k., . , • ' (ijl .'!l'!ili; f '· QJ_::;:;z::;::;f:s¥.:;::_.-.;;olf ·*+4 ..... -"".!.'&Jt . .,-:::...;--· -:- ... !f.i~ .. ::a;;r. --·. p '
. · .. : .... ·
•, .. ··~;.::: .... ...
·;<\"."'. ·:·. ,:· . ..... .
·.:· ·.·:· ... : . ~ . ·· .. ·
.. : ..
REF ID:A522164 ,- . -· ·-·"":""":"""·--·--·-·····-·-.,r'-7;-.. ~-----·- -- ·- - ......... -· ·----·- ·······-... ·-- .•. - :-·· .. ·----- . ·-- .. - ----,-:----·-zj
J
I'
/
. . ·tJtq eonteow oo tbo .o~.ae· snd reYeree ·taoee of' the. ·csi.;ilcr *8e1. fia&UJ-, .
an tapo~t ·area ot -~eria.td.on iiu m the '*mgiag -~ tae ~ectrioas · . .
i:.t.-..- the_ ·!iomolops -ccntaots :ot the clphe~q ~.s.id:tter 2s,. ·anQ. the -:tat.or _ _.tnm.smtt.ter. ·at.. All these. CilOOrcu. .ot wriation uietiag wt thin.
.. .
the--u~Si:t itself a.re aub&id.1U'f,- honv~, to the prizleipal &Wroe • • ·1' •
~t. -1.D.: ·-COD.s'3D·t cbeage of key tapea, .and .1t u.1· n -aa1d. tb3.\ so. l.on_g ' .
. .. ~ ~ &· _6tl...-·.Jt~t ta;pe/\coextcusi• ~ .maber ·or .ch.arac·-t.ers \ri.:th. th&t ot the
u~il:i~ce to tle enciphored, 80 t."ult ao t.wo •uaagea 4.r6 'tl'9"ilr encipberec.i . :·.
bJ.. -u.iti A&e k91 ~pe ·or .portion tiiereo.t,, mid ao J.Ona u ·ui•sa 1011 t§i.pes
eoald.et ~ ·aint.ell.1.P,bl.e_,. enUreq· r-.dota.1~ ••ences oi~ ohua:cters, ·tha
aess~:.···fA~iphered according· to ~ch a a1stea are. abac>lutel.J ·i..'ld.GOigi~arable
wJ..tboiit_ aowal jl.OQM$llal ·of the ke.r tapes ~zed ia ·t.hQir mc1pb.6Ment.
· or ·• ~wiedse ot the .aac41u~l'lce ~ ~e ch81"aot&.n ·ca suc1l u,· t~•s_.,
··:· : .. .-1 ·
'. ··1 . · .• ": ""l . ·... ·. i
... ·j
I
. _::.:"-.".-"-.! '· . ·.1 . : ·.. ~ · .. · .. 1
.. : . ..l . :"·:·· ·.·
';.·. ., . : . ..... :
. .· . . :: . . ~-: ... : ··. . .
• ·:!--
' ;
. .' ·.··( . . . I
~-.'._:--·'.:.·) :':.··:. ~=~
. ! •.... · .. -~1 ····.··:.: : .....
. ·- .·.; .. : :··. ~;
,: \:.~· .. J
-:
·.· :•
.. : .i
.,_ .. j ·. !
· .• i
. . ' '
.. ~ <i .. : . !
.·· .. ;! : ,,I
.·
. ! • !
... . . • •• 1
···: l
. ." I
• • • I • ~
.: . .. :
,· •I
.. ..
·.' ~· :·
:.·.
' .:
REF ID:A522164 - -·-· -· ··-·- -----------,-- ·.-. :-,····\
. ...--.:,. ' '
·' . ,.,.
. . .code trasaitter;- eleet.ricel ~u ~~rising elfil!Hllts for coordinating
f;be. ·v-an-tter "d.th -~Ci qstus. -.a means -~or intercormecunc said . . T . •
. .
el.em.~ts · in aer1ea o1rcui ~ :rela..t.ion. tor :cryptographic :Purposes.
. - .
· cod.o :trtmsm1 ttf)r; .means· -c011pr1111n.:1 el.ec'-tncall.J' oper.abl.e element.a tor . . . . .
eoo~aUng tbe ·trasra1.-tter 'With said system; aa.d :llG&_."'1& ·tor inter- · . .
®anacta1 said alma.ts 1!l su-1•• · c1rcu1·t_ .r~i!l;a.tion to-r·. cr1ptographic
...
. . · · · ·5.·: . "In a 01'1P~smphic- qst.a. adapted· f'oz" ·use nth e._ pllir&l uatt
; ····.:·· . . .·
·code .·_tnnam! tterj means coapr1.sihg .elec·tr1Qlly oper .. le ·eleaa:ts. for . . . .
coor.dil,\11.tins···th• ·t.ranmtter ut.h.said 971rtem; and c1rcllt·t.. me~a for . . .
~poses ..
'-•· lJl &. C%J'P't0.graph1 a .keyboa~. compriai.D.g .eh-aract.er el.em6111t.a :m
GMleiatiY.e ·electrical com1ectiora nth oorrespcmding $1.gnaling. elea•ts: . . -
a~s. -~Prtain·'li a cOmlmtator tor ft17inc the connections between. tlae
ko;rboard· eleamts an~ P1d aip:alin~ •l••t•J .a cammta~r ·transmi·tterJ.
·a. .-cilthV-JEey trmauitt.v.; ad --s coorm.uated With said ~aaittere
to;, ~~te.c-tina pr.ogressi-ve operation. ·of the .comimtator.
.·· . r
.. . . .
: • •• =
.. . . ·.' ..
·: .. .... : .. :
::-. .. . .. . I' ';
.. ·.=: ··.:·:I· _'
. . . . -~
< :.:-· ·-_~i
. . . . . ~
:•. ·1 .. ·.i
. ·. ,!
: .... :··
.. . ..
-,...).!111!15 ...... ..,. __ !!!'!!'"'_,..,_,.~_,"!".~ .. ··!!"'-. ~t-... ~ .. D~-~,,.,..u ..... ~ ...... ·---c..., ..•• !lll!Z.Ql'l!!S.Sll!G.!'!!C.!'!I.!!"' •.• !"'!~!'!"!--!!!"'-...... .,,.. 1!!!!-Z~E.""".··~-.l .... ~-""'·---·"'"-""'· 1--··""''·--·-~-.9~.l'l!ll! .. S!ll!'! .. !"". _...._.,,,
REF ID:A522164 r- -:----·· -- -·-··-··· ··--~ ... -.... ~-·------·:··· . . ......... ----.. -·
. ··-·-~~·::~
t . .. ~ . ~ •· . t ..
: · .. ·
:. .;·:-· . ."
.-:
s.. .ID • C17Ptograph, ·• k9)."bosr4 cupri.a:!ag cbancter elenents· ·J.n
opera\t:n· elect.rtcial. cormec\1m 11;\tb con-e1pon4it\g al:flutling ·elaat.1
aeaa·a· compn11n1· 11 eelll!Bi.tator Eor v&17h1 '2le -coe.n·ect1ons bat"'1l Iha
. . . . ·· :.·
.: • • I
charae."'9r eleacts ari. ·add si~allng flileaea.ta;; a .cipher-bit trtllai t\er. · · · .! . .
-meoba1·tmJ ~- sean-e coordina.t.1ng aa1d aeclum1a. 1'i th the COJa110:i. tor. tor
ottecti.Dg its ·progreaslve oper4tioa..
··~· · In o. OZ)'Ptogra.ph.1 :a te7board. ·comprising chancter · elemmta· iA
opeil"ativo eleotrtcal m.imeeUon ldth oorre11poudiq: ai~e ol•ea.ts1
aeee· eoapri.a~g. .a 001rmNtator- for· "Var;iDg ·the canue.ottoria bet•• the
charac.ter ~lenenta ad aa.14 aipali!lg ·&l.esent.11 .. o ¢1.phe~ t.rnaaait.te:I"
aec:bsui•; ond .semus COJD:prieiag. • ·eomatato:f traasai t.~ coor41natlai
.ra~d nedlu.tic With ~ -carlmtator for .etfec·Ung i.ts ·p.t"O&J"&tJBiYe .. operaU~ •.
f. IA a er.y.ptogrsp~. " ke;ykotird :..,nms Character .eiaiDenu jn.
operative ele#t.rioal. cormectim W1 th a eorr~spmiuins mmber ot ·signaling
el.um tai- . .ea.a ooagri.sing 11 ooautator to-r V8J"1i&g the coaaecttcma bGJ.t.,._
the. k97boud elsaw ud ~:4 sigualia~ .el••t&J a -comma.tat.or tranaad,tt-er;
a cJ.1m~ van.am~-• .and ·cJ.,-cw.~ aeaias. coo:rdicet.ed. •i th -ald ·t.nma
llit.t.en tor etteoting progreo.il!Ye ~pe.ratioa ot the eqmttatator.
a.. la a .crjp"tograph,. a .t91board COllPri.tdns oh&racter ·•lemen.ts" ia
opara:ti_..-o eleet.-ric.al cc.maeeticm. with correspon4ia.g a1.pal.1ng elnentsr.
a.aaius··'*"ri.:dng a comwt.ator t-or T8:17inil the aoaa.aetlons. "betec the
"lt17bosri· element& and said signaling elament.t5 a COJUNtato:r. t:renw ttel-1 a
ei~kei tr•a1 t.t4'l'J and ·cirou1 t. auu: a~at!n.1 both o£ sa14 tr&ll&oo!o . .
11.tt.ters.: _lQr_ JoirltJ.y -af'f'ectiDg progre$lll1-ve :oper:attou ot the oomuta\or .. .. . . . · .. · ...
. . . ; . . oper~~:i'e:: E'-.lectrioal. C011DecUOD nth cOn-eSpondlng signaling el-.ct.es·
. : .. . . · ..
.-... ~i•in&r a c.om.mtii-tr>J- tor 'ftU;"'.fhi' j•be· ·~ection·a batwrm the
.k~~-~~ts and ea.id ai~ia& ·.1~9nial a. "OQllDDtator tnn.8111.t~r; . •. ·, ... ·· . .. . . . : . . · .. : \:· ..
. . · ... ·. :.:.: .....
... . . . . ·. . : . . . ·.· :' ..
·:.· · .. ·.
·.; . ·.: .
. . . : . ,:
. .. . .
: : ... ·~ . . . ·.· . ··:.•
. . .. ~
. : ·:· : ( .· ·:_:·
... · .. :: . . . . :· : . .-:-:: ·. <~
, . :.: ...... ·· .·
•• ·-· , ••• C .... :-~···-·•. ·-· ...... - & . ,( s;sz.. c.c . ... .. . ·.• . . i;.· 4° .. 24t ; .. i .0 ........... ..,. . £&I
REF ID :A522164. ,.. .. . . .. . .. .- .:·· • . . •..• ~ .. -- ~··-..1• . ·····:· -:-1::.·· ·: . . . ... . ... : . __ ,. ___ -----.. ~-.. ,.-:·•·:•: ..
' .
(, . r
... d.p~ke;r tftnattterJ- ~ zaeas. coonllut.1na· oa1('t COlltllStator aaet ci,pber- ..
kq tr,mumlt\er tliroup tb~ «mmtator t.rasd.tter tor e:tteet.b.ag progl'Qsiva .
-~ .. . . .
10.. la a crntograpll, a DJ''boar4 eo.pd..afq charaoter ~easts ta
o,_nt1To'··.ie.otr1cal conaecUoa 'ltit.b corre1pond!n1 etgnall.ag ·elemmUJ:
aecae. ·eosprutni: a COJIUQUteto:r for ~- tbe· cormecti•• betwea the ·
k:•Jbo~d. elet11t10.-t8 ad. sald &1paJ.1ng ela•U.J a ·eommtator tr:msrd.tt.ei-J
a -~ph•M.•7 ·t;:reaitteJ" m~1·•J f!.!Sd means coord!Dated. with both ol
Mid V.a.nBld..tteTe tor elt.eotiq pl'O(re931ve Oper&U._ oE tho eommtator,,
aaid _ctpb.ir-ter transmitter mechenima being 0Gr1\r0llod 'bT ~keying 6le?Hll:t
.-hieh. :io· ind~ent _or the ·cr.v,ptovaph+
. 11-:- · ·1a. ·a ~graph, a. ke.rbeard ·comp,r1st:ar .chanete:- &Urac ts .ta
opar.at1Y8-.-_·e1~etn.cal connect.ton. ·nth c0~span.ding aipaliniJ oloncte;.
.. . ·'
: :-
. . ... .. ;
... . : i
. ·. .!
·i
: ·. ··.:
:.: .
·: ... .
::
.. . . .
. . . . .. . . ..
• •' I
.•.·· .... . .
. mo1J11Ei .colil,pri.siftg. a OOJilmtator. for ~inl tlle· coimect.lons between tbt,t
t.qbo~ el~Mnta and ,said ai~ing •leaen~; a commta~ trasaitterJ . . .
a cl~q trmsitter secbmlianj and, me•& QOordinated .Jdth both o.t
· 1941~ ·•smittera tor eff'ect.iftg progreea1~& .ope~t1cm or tb.e cosmtate~, .. ·.·.
.·•aid c-l~e, tran..S.tter ·secben.ia belng eon~ b,r -a tape bearla• P.r.torationa permut.ed 1n aCQl)rdan~ with a Plural. matt ·coda~
· L'? •. :J... c17ptogr._aph, compritt~~ au. eleotrtc"a.1 circuit an4 1Dcluri1ng
& -etir.rea t· QOUrGeJ a r..&lf'J" ·J.D :~id C1rai,~i"tj a set Of ccntMt leTei."·S aild
paired ·contact.. points; penmtat:J:nil.7 positioned ana opera.Un there1d.tb
ill nta:-~i~J· :a ~d eat C!t· eontao't lev•rs and conta.et-·pointa
. associated ·tn ~lulJ opera:t.tve relation w.itb said -cirao1t.;. ud muns . . .
tor con$lleting ·.sa14 ~rmit aad merg:lalag aaid relq cml.7 at ~ch ·t.imea . .
aa tbe aU:re .aeries of conn.e.c'U.ans eatald.iahed 111 WD the t1rat .aet. of·
enta!lt ... levers· ·an.d ~ asBOCiat.ed. carat.act. points is iden.t.ical ·with the . .
entire ·aeriea of omuaecU.ons established ·'ld.tl:lin ·tb.e HCODd set. or· con.tut
·.I
. . ... ·.
;,,' I •I
.... · .... ·. ·.1 ·:· .... :
. . . . .
··; .
......... ,: .. sz._ ...... ,.a .., ..... ,- · ,,. a.' A.J.Ai':-""*->.pH;:; ........ s- ..... a ..... ~~- __ -
· p_~~------·-···':·.-.:-.---·-;.-~· · ... , ... _~-- ----- ··-·· ····--- ----RE~-7D-:-A52·2··1-6·4·· · ·---. -·· --~ --· ••. - - ······o':'~-0:-:·\"'"•:;"':i·~
:.':. :" .:·: .. ~-. 0 0 ~-
;.· · .. :. .11., .l C!7Ptozraph, .coaPrit.t~ng· 8n .• i,,c·t.r1eal. -circuit -and inoludtag.
a cun.t eOlil"eeJ a relq in silt~ ·Olt'OUlt1 ?J. e~t of .con.ta.et levve'.·.o.4 • • • • • I
,y
. ··. . . . .
in s.e;td--' el;reui t.; n •~'*1d. 9&t· ·of" con t&_ct -lnere. ~d co=a tact poia-tis
aff~C.1~-t~: 1n $iza1lv17 o~tive rel.atim'wit..\ ·!!&id c1rcttit: .mi! ~emu1 : .. ·. ·.. . . . .
. : ..
-~c)r.:p~tti.ti:n·ly -rar.ying -e:&. s :1~\ oaeh ot the':.seid s~,.te ot ccat!!.c\ ~-·
· ·.14~->·,A crypi-.ouapb1: ·"ria!nl ail electrical cil'cui:t .and incl\ldh\g
a·:=.~~t.. seu_wce; .a relq. ln eaid d.rcuit; a set ot contact. loftl's· and
.. .·· -pal~ ·eolit.a~'t !J-Cd.i!.ts., Ji>Gr1:mt..eti'f4Sl.y· po?Jitio.ne<J an-d op.'9rative th,w.-e\l.ith
-111.:$61~ tStreait; ·f.4 OeO(lllid ·,set ·O:t contact, iever.S .artd. CODtao·t points . .
as~oc13.lad :ia. si!nih\t:ly -opcira.tive relation -~h. -1~.d.tt· c1rw1·t; Mc.t sea110
t.o'l" pe.Nu:.tati vel.t Y!.U'f1DI as a. se.t:. :ead.l _.of the Mid -~•ts -o~ coatao1' leveJ!'is • . ·
.tl\e_.:Pe~ta:Un vartati.Ol)..e behlg in a'OOOl'da.ce wi'th tAe· same plural ·md.\
-code. for ·bO\h .eeta of ooatac:t. levera. . . .· ,
. .. ·:
.: · _ .· :·l.;5._.·:·_, ·A ceypt.ogra.ph, eo»pi-labi~ ~ ·eie~trical circuit ·and inclu(}!n-1 . . ··. '·· . · ......
.. . .. . · ~ ¢ont£~ct. points •. ~-t!etiv&l.y 110$!t.io.D.:ed and o~re.t:t.ve ·thernith
m· ·~id.:cir.euitJ -il -secon"- oet ·o't. C9Jli&ct.- lewrs aad. ~te:et- points .. :. ·.: •:
. . . . .
usoc:W:~ 1a similar 17 ()pora.tl w ,rektioa. .. •i th aa!d, t;ircui ti meaas for .. ··· ..... · -~P.le:~:d,, a&.id ·Qirf»it ·ond enersi•iii& ~ud, ·re.ia1 .. ·mlf at such tiaa ae
. . '.·· ..:
-~~ct.·l.e'f'ft'll· aiQd. t.hel.r aaaooiatad cmt~•t. points· ·ts .ide:i:t!oal. ¥!.th the · ..... ·. . ..
:• .. n:_>~,~rlea .of ·oonnscti~s .establi._ wlthin the ·seoond .aot ot conttt.ct .. :· ... · ....
le~·.;·;~·. their .afiseoia.teu coa'\act poa.taJ and-~. for ponmt.ati:nl.r . ·-~1.f1ul a set~ or~- two ~•ts ot contaat. le•er.s~ the pvimt&ti'h .
. ·. ~ .. · .. ':
· .-nti :~f-.-~tact levers • .. .. · .·
. . . . :· · .. ·
... ·· .. ·.·:·:· ... ·,·
. ~. . . .. ·. . . .
.. ·- :- · ... ··· ...
. . .· .
....... · ....
:·. · ......
. / : .. ~ ..... ·.:.
. · .. (." "(·:-· .. : .. · ..
:: . .. ·· .. ·:·:_..
, .
. . · .. · .. ·.· ..
.. · .....
. . ' ... : .... •/• . . .
... . ·.· .... . . .
·.- : ... · ... .... ;· .: . . .
:.· · .. . . · ·::· .. · ..
. ·~ . • • • • •I ' • •
·.:·.: .... ;
.. . ·· .·
...... ·.:.· .
.; ··.:
... · ... ··. ·. · .. ·.
:. ·.·.·. : .
·. .·.:= :-.:. ~- .
·': _: : .. {'(~:;:·\;
.. ·. .· . . . ~
.. .. c. zs::::r~':.r~-.. r·"'f..i-.-~~~-*":Y:~a&+--'"!"i-~.~·;~~'""----=-€?':=!!!F.+_. ··:· . . -.1-.·---:r-.-~•-.W ...... -.¥.% .•+ ... . . .. . . .... -'\!'-~· ·_=-t. --. --.....-.:"' ... ·:· :...
··~ .
. REE-----l:D-:-Jl$~2.-l:6.4. :-. .,._. ... _, ~
. . ~
., ·. :: .... · .... . ·:·· . .= . •. :
. . . . : ~ . . . . : . . ,: ....
b ·.alil.d~. ~irco!.t,; a. second set ot· eolltaet leTer8 ·6iit\ eonta.ct poi.4\8 asaoolatef.·.· :.:-°j)~?:;,.;!!: ·: .. :· . :·.~··:: . : .. ·=·::; -~ .. -~ ··: . . .. . ~ -: . -: =.::.\ ::~~:·:--!~·~;
= in ·.S$.Ci:)arl7 operative relation :nth sdcl 'oirai\·J ,!IDf -.us f.or penmta.Uval.1 ::{~ .. ;/(:::~) . ··:· .. :_:>,.-·>=:: ... · ::· . . . . ·. ·. . :;_:·:.::::..:.:;·>A :va:t;U.a;:.:a.-a ·.•· set. each of tho raa1d mete or. ·contact ld'l'Gn., th& ponlil&to.tiva ·_:: .<;:.:··.:'\,'!_;
v~~~'::for oae of 5l\td. set~! of le"fel'B. ~~ iA acco~ce· W1th me plural~ ... ~<=:·g};:.·-~ . : .. · ... .. :. ... · .. · ·. . . . . . . . : .. '"~. ::~· .. .":
·· .. ,,;, .. _.;I .
Ut\it .... CO.de~ · tho·~e of the· o.trher ·of the two ·sa!lta ·of :l.avere bem.1 1u accordance · .·!<<:·~;<t
·wttb,· ~. d"U!uat _plurel-uai.·t;. code .• .· . . •:
. . . -:~~f-*~· emiprisUc rm el.ectr.ical ctrcu1 t and .inol:i.td.ina;· a
. ~tract ·.!~'int,;,,_ ·;pt;,1-aut~ti'ftll1'" poaitit.)l\ea {lftd operat.:1.ve tJ~.2wi\b ·in sdd
ctrcuii.i ... a :e.econd ·set at· ·CG!lt.act !even and eoatsct ·points aesociated Jn ..
sim.ilariy· 0perttt1ft relation: o!th said c.trcuit.;. aemne: for ~plotlng ·Mid
.oircu1\.:a4 aetr.gt.aing· aa.id ~ oaq at su(lh \U!ea as the .entire aeries
ot O'O!lileo\i.ODI e~ahed wi:thin tbe .first ae.\ of -coot.act l.evera mul their
•·~~tad con"t&c.\ :poin\a ~· 1dmt'1oal · !d.th t.he et.ire series Of cou.necttona
••tnbl~~~ nt&ll.n the o.ecand aet ot coat.act lmrs·aad ·their ·aaaoclated . . .
ccmtaet···poi.ata.s t.d MaBe tor penmtat-ive-ly v&17bg as e· tiet eacb or.· the:.
t'eO oats .. ··ot c~taot. levera, the _pemats.Uve· v&rta.U.ons tor one Ot said. aets . ' .
of levere be"ing. ht- ~ccol'®a·ce ·wJ.~ aa.e phz·ral~t .. coda, thotto at thG· .,o,tha
ot ::tJ.lti:·>~~~ .":so tat of. .le'f'i<l'S : lwil1g iD UC:Ol°Cl.~~CC1 .· d;t,.b :» cb.i"f.m-~ t; . pl.l;a-al.'"'\llli t;
.. =· . . .. ..
. . .. : . . . .... . . : : ... : ·.
.. 1$·~;-.:<a a entogr.aph, «· CO!lfmta~: buring a -a:er1el ot ti~• arragea. ·. : ·.··=.·:.·"':;:. . . .. ' . . .
1D ~3:.:.l:>ou\ its· 1'1!1.1· tbe aroupa ooaprumg .. 8uh a pl:ara.U.t,- ot lmita .. . . :. . .·~ ... ; ,,. ·_:·· :~· . . ~ . . . .
)ad·. :•·tt:~~~ns. ·.~· mraabOr to a: :P.r&detoertlin~ selecUon ot · eharactaaJ
· ~;::.~~:~;.~or poa!.t.iarimg the _pins to~ ·~e}leiid~t .. o~atJ.on m PouP8 ill .... : ~ ~- ~:.··::.::~··\~: ·~::·.: ·.. . . . . . . ·. : . . . . . . .
~rtl9&Qe·· .. n th ths pe>:mta.?;.iou ol·.a ?ht:t~jsd:·t· .cc®·•· .... : : : .. : ~ ·: .... ·.
. . .'. .. ·· .. :··:.-:_:"~/:;> ~:. ·:. ... , '.· .·. ··:i-.~·::· ·.:x... a cr;ptogr~,. a ocmiteciion '~~d.~z am.c:, comprllling ·•
. . . . :··: .~ ·.: . . . . . . .
-~ .. ~~· .. ·~,: 'beM1ai a aeriee. ot pi:U &JTfl1lged ta ,roupa. abou·t ite rim,.
-~----~~~:: coaprlaln_g. each~ plu.rali\J. .9t_.~1~ po.~tiODed tnnaYerae-17 . ·.=.:. . . · .. ··· ....
... ... :·. ·.. . · .. :
. ·-.t:. ·.·· .. ·1
)fi~, · ...
:" .· ~ · .. , ·.: . : :
·.· ..... :~ · .. :=::.: ..
. •': ... ·.·
: : ::"':·.·.= ..... ·_·:
. . . ... .. ..
. . ·. ·. ·:.i· • .i ... ~:
. : . . . . .... ··
. ~ . . .. ·.·.: . .
~ ', :, • I
.·· ·.····.·: •. ',!;
:' ·., '
. .'··· :.=·=:. • • • I ' •
•. ··· ...... ·. ·.···
. . . . : :. . ~:·
...~ . .
. ;~ ... : . . . . . . . ·~
..... . . . . . ~-:=~ ~: . . . ·.
• 'l: '· •••• . :·.:, ' .:-.··:
. ... · .
.. <· · ... ·· .. .'· '•; ·: :.' . .... : ...... ·:.'
':::~··. :.:\: .. :_:/·.~ J·
•:'.~-;'.',' '-,f~I
.. • ••• •• ::;,r... • • ••• ,_ .·~.-... ---.-- ....... .. ,. --·-: . ... .. . .~···· '· ·-. . .. ,, ..... ..
I I
1·. l 1·
I·' '
I
REF .ID:A522164 --·- ··- .. ·. ·-. : ··~·::;-:.~.~·""V'·--- ..... -·- ·-· ,. ...... ··: ·-·--7-·:""'':''"I-... -··-··. . ... -·-::1·.:w.::::·~;: ·-··:·
. · ... ·~· ... :.::~-: ~:.· ... ·::: '! . \,•'
1
.. . · ..... ':"'•
.. ·. ·: ....
.. · .. :· .~ .. . '.··.· ...... .
··tt.. ~et1~~: :~t equid1.etctly 8,aeed aontaet eJ.-.ta ;s~anged in a riq -8~.tr.oeel<t:~t· to· t.he peri.phe17; -md mans r.o-,: ·~tobliebin·1 tortui.toua el-Gotirloal
. oo-an.eeit1.ans ·between the con.t•ct el-£)!'1.e!l ta. -of ouid .races. . . '::. . .
·::; .. ·. .· ... ·
. . 20~·· In e ·eqptoi%'4p~, ·a Cl)Ue.cti<i~ eJ.um.ging device ~pd.slag a
rot;atable _t\"", .bearill, .Q. :series .of' pi.us _.arranged .1D: .ap&ced group$ abo1lt . - - . . .
i.t& .~i:t, tb~ poop& 4;0JD.pl":1.Si'Ag eaoh 6 plurality of ·units positioned
t:r&nilV-«i-I'SelJ ··of .sud r!li end eorre~poridiag in :a•be.r· O.t g.roups· to •
prodet.~htin_ed sel.ectiOJJ; .ot dl·u.s.ct~s; ~eanis tor })Otaiticning the phs
·for iad.ependm.t operation in group.a 18 r.-coo~mce nth thlD ,Penwtati.:C/u ot.
& plun.1:-Mit. eode-:; said <lr~m. ill.Sa ~~n:.~1ng. dn its obTer.se. end l'"cvar-se fa,oea.
resp~tiT-elY tl ·SE'Zies of eG;U.\<listmtlr ·s~c~d cont.~ct el~te an·:r.e;ed. in.
.fl rl'.ng M,3.Cetlt- 1.C tb£ periphH']') end HlQ&n&. t"o?' e"a.teblimhiJ1g· f:>rtui toUC . .
eieetri~al eonn-eetiOl!.a rt1Gipr.ocall:y· in p!t.ire liet~een theo.P.fOs.1~ diS)VJSeB..
CO!lt$Ct $19.liente of S!lid fZC$S .•
n. '. A :r.;ptop-aph,, ·e<µp;rlain& .el;\ ~-j);:'Jl'.i£Lt\1..,al7 ·°'~"'OC1;,,'!,Wd &lect;:rJ:~
-oirCiti.t ::,\no. 1Dtludi..'"i·!J. a ourre11't. e.r.n..ircef. a ro·ta.~bla coaut.!.tor· be~ing a: . .
••rlen . of ·.1Jbt' a.-r~a&.ed ill ~'3 abcnl·~ lb th. =~d. po·u.t.ian~ for llde-
_pend:~t ·op.eration i?tl i!'i,coor-Jmae "i th th.It pem.u·tationa af a pliJi'!al-vn.1.t. code,. . . .
. ·t.J.1e: $f'tm:ps ;eoi;p.ri~i.".11 oach a _plU;ruit1 .or pi:ls !t!!d .. ard.d ~OUiMJI correspondtng
: . :_:··."::= : . .=.·; .
. . ·· ... :: .. ......... ~.. ..
: ·: .:: .· -~ .. -t:"·: ....
.:':'<A::·:~:: . .. : ........ ..
.:~.;) : =:·~ .. ·:· ... . . _; ·.: . ·. • I ~ ." • , •
...... ::: ...... : ·:
: ••• -i. •
. ~- ·. . ·:
. :.:: · ... ..
• ~ ~ •• • • • • ••I
· .. = :"· .... .' .
··.: .
. : :.'··: ...... : · ... •.·. ··.·: ...
:(_· .• :.·· ... · ...
. ··.·:-...
. ···:
:··: . ~ : ..
. . . . ··. :· ... ·.·.:: ·· .. :. :.:·· ..
. . •. ~ .
. .
. : ' ":- . ·.j · .. ' .... ~
11t -~ to a. p:re<letoruiinoa S:e,lec·uon -or.· charaetftrsi a ·tr•wt.ter ·controlled
b,y se.ld. pin·s., ·Aid. vansali tter comp1!111-ing n set of contact poin'5 41ld. CQD'ket. . :
:·-'":: .·.··,~~ ·. ·: . ~ :· ... , · .... · .?\·~
. . )
. . .
le.Yen. operatift thercrith in. ·&eriea atmlt re:.latim.
· 22. A c..rgptogra~,, oomprisiD& en opera:t.i uI, aasocillted electr.1C&l
clrao1t ·and iaclUding· a ·curnm.t .aouroe,; a .. rotat&bl~ comm·t.lli;or baaring a
··.~··· ... ·._,,_, .... ;.;;::;::.~, .• -?¥ ;::::~#(. 1 ..• ."£ .. &. .... :e ............... _ ......... :-r .. zewe:; .... u ........... : __ ..... ,..... u:- as
.. ,
.·· .· · .
. !
: ... . . . ~ ·.
. ·.·· ... : .· :
.·: . •. ~ .· ~ . . . .. i
.. ! .. ·'
.·. : . -~
... : . : ... ;
· .. : .....
. .
:' - .
~:~·· . /.: .· . \
REF., ___ ID .. _:_.~~2.-1 §:-4 __ ---. -. -,-,---- ------....,.-_ ~:--,..,..,.,····~-'.. , • . 't-.
0.
Sel'lee· ot 11-e ~sea :la pvup.a .about .lta r1m and pod ttoaed fo.r inde-.
· padeiDt o.Jti'nU. 1n accol'dalice -1th t'8 ;..tau.one .ot a plvnl.-att co4e1
tbe _£l'011pa comprldDg ea.oh a pl.Qn.11 t.r ·of ;4aa 8Dc1 atdd gruupe cornapcmdin1
·. ·.: :·, .· ·: ..
. . :" . ~
.. • '1
. i ·: . ,· -~···~ .".I •:,
. . . . . ~
. / .. :•-"·:::
: ·~ . .
:·.· :,
a mmber· .to a predotermind nl.ection of chal"acf..enJ: a ir.sd tter controlle4 -. .. . ··.· . ." ! · .. · ·i . .. . . \ . . . _.. .
bf ·aaW. pms, eald v.anmat~ -.npr1a11lg ·a···set ·ot· eoat.act; ,po1n'8 msd. contact
le'ftn· ·Cflen-U.w. therewith 1n :aeri'8 chwit relatioaJ and ·uaaa al•·
coatrolled bf .eaid pins and penmtatival.7 op~bl& n:t.h aa14 tzoaaaitte:r to
aet. -~P progres&!ve &tepa ira tha-coatimdty- ot aali aeries cirG!dt.
. a.. A QJ"J'Ptol.l"a)lh, .-pr1sina an ~t1Yel7 .aaaoci&ted. seriu
-elec~cal clreuit. and tnclmtng a ctJrrat &0n:roeJ a nlq in said. :oiJtcultJ·
a. r-otatable, C03111&.tato-r carrrtag a .-series ot piaa __ posi.t.:imc ~ .arwpa ·abNt
it.& .rim tor inde.pen.dm.t operation in· .acoonlanee •1th ·Uae· penm"taUons .of a
·phral-uDi:t.. eod••· the proupe _.pr1111iilg ·each a. plvali \7 ot ~a· ·ad -said
groups eornepoading 1-· _..~ to a gredetena11:ae4 sele~ ot· cbaraoter•·I
a coi.mnitator vasias.tw oat.rolled. -tQ aa1d. ·pJAs, .aaid t1.-an_am1ttar omtpr1aug
a set: fJf ~ta.ct pctiAta ud eantact .le¥ers opera:U'ft· therewi.\h 1D -aeries . .· ·.
clrcUit-<Mla~QftJ ... ,cannaUng or a. eiJ)her-U,. ·unuamitter:, ii'ild.4 'bans-
... :
. . . .
. : :
.. ; •:. • • I
'. . . ~ .
. ~ .: .· ..
. . . . :
.. ' ·,
.. : ·: :::·:
.·· .. ·.~·_ .. :·.:.]
_mltter ~riain;_ a ·~-t oE cont;a,ct poitita ... Ii contact :l.eftl"ll oiterat1Te there- .. :··,-_,·.'._'.-:.·::'.
with ·~:,:_u.,. saa series circuit. :relatima-1.-: ~ ~--· .~:01ntl.f-eontmi1e4 1'J . ------·:::·: .. ,: ... · .. :_. __ ··~ .. ·'.·:
bo.t.h .-~it.·-_.~4 tr!msidtter& ~or settiag· •P .proa:L"eaa1Te. steps .iD tho couii,auity - . . . . .
·ot _8&14_··~u circuit for operating ·aaid_ relar. •
. · ·:: 24. ·1n a aaech&Jl1am ot · the ob&rae~. deserlbed, -~the- comb1.r.ia"tion ot a • 0 • o ••o"" • • ... • • • -' • "•• o I
beuing <m its ·r111. ~ aert.ea ~pill.a &rr4Dged in -set$1 the filt& -corresponding
ill ma:abar to· ·a precletendned- selection ot ·ehanctera, said. pill• bei!lC
;poeiti.cmed pumutaUY9111a p-oupa ot f1Ye in~· .-111.• a eelected set
.of penmt.ationa of a tl•e-tml t code.
. · .. :· . .:
• • -:."• .. • ~ I •: •."
. -: ... :."::·:.:~:-.:: :=:·
.. :·· . ., .· .. ·.· .. :.: . < : -~ .. ·· ... :
: !
): .".":>:· .. ~ .1 • • ••
· ... :":-.·-:
.".:· .. ::.; . ···:!
. ·· .. ·j . . ~:
. .. ·,
. i z.xs .. zc:;x:L•.¥. ... +uepw;.;.411rzss.; · .. \.: .. _.>,;. _ s.ST:ZSC:C: .. Y_:;e:stoi;;gL;.u_::a .. JC .•
REF ID:A522164 -- --,....._.,..,.,~-=-=----··-:- ... . ......... ·· -.-- ·--··- .. ·- - -·· ·····-·-.---··1
I : . i. . L: ..... ~-: ·\::;: : · .. ·
,,
2(l1'- In. a ·meehant.a ot the- .._-actei- 'deaerille4, tu combin•tiou ot· a
~:tater tnila:litte:rs a dpheNe7 vaaataitwr1. ad· a :#JtaU.ble· ·-ta.tor
bearizig or.i. ;iw ra a -series .ot· js.ne en-mged :in sete.,.. th~ aota eor~Pondinl . . .
1A · nu:a~ to a .pre0etendn~ :aoloctioa of chU'sct.era,. u.ld .pin& ~ing ·.
.· ... I ..
.··.· .· ..
. . . ..
! ...
•'. ·.: ..
.. , ... . · .. •. '.
. .. ·~·:··: ' ' 'r•1
'··· ·- ... · pc).aitio:za·ed. :pe:rmtaU:mr .14 P"OUf& ot ·t1u ·in. ·.acoordace. 14th a ·ao:lec'W. sa.t
ot · penu.ta~icus· -of' a f1v6-'1Jl1t ·eod•.i '° ettect. qontrol of· sa.11 oommtator ... . . .
' • • • ' I
. ~: . . .. ·.·
· : . _27•- IR a .meoba.ism ·of the che.raoter· deacr1bed.- tho cos'bi.no:tion· .of a. ·: :.··~;.:_: .. ;
.... t~tor···tra1und:t;~; a .cipbar-Ce7 '2'&nwtt.~rj and-~ rotatable •cmrmt&tol"' ·: ··-::-'..'-</:; . . ..
bear.ta.it en 1 t.. ri:m $ :;en.es of pitus a.rran·ged il'l ate, 'the .a.et.a corr~poaciini:
~- nUmber to a precleterained · ·eel.eotton of cllueciers:.- ot.14 pi:D• ·beiag
posltioneci penutat.1v8l:y ~1' ,group&. or. tive h accwanoe with a ·ael;ectecl_" ·set:
ot ~nmt.atlODS Of ·a fiYe-mlit ooda io flt'feiet ·ccnti-ol of said ccmat&tor.
·t.Tazu•ilitterJ ed aeaa :o.perat.1va 11ith ad.d ~tat.or \Nil~tte.r· for joi.'!ltlf . .
controlling tlle prosres·IJ$vs. dia,Pl~mta ef the CCJlli?lRltato~ .. · ·
·28. In * meebanlitll -ot .the· -character· ·daaeribedt ·the. -com.bina\ie of e.
~t&"r tr.snma!:tterf· a c1pb.9Mq ·tranmdtte:r'J ~ ·a rotatabJ.e com:mtntor
bell'ill&" an 1t.e r1tD a 5eries ot pins. ·arimge'1 .in. sew' the sets CQrre.apcmd.iug . . . . 1
~ ··muaber to a PJl'.Gdetemined selection ~t · chvacters,. said pin·s 'being
positi~ed penm1otltivei, 1n ~p.a of fin in. acaoriuce v.itb .a selected se~
of p~"ta~ons ·ot a ·t1~t cOcie t.o eft:~t- cmtrol.. ·of ·said cc:aatator
Vmlid.ttarJ and aeDs· ooordiaated 1i'i·th a ·Oi:p~e~ tr.m$.!lltt&r. '.•chan:l:D: . .
ad opera~n with n.id oonmta~ transdtter tv .J·_c·!atly· ·eon-trelli:n.I ~-
prop-eseiY8 displ.~caanta ot the ·ca.nuta:tor·.
·29. · la a auiicbu1aa of the cha.l"aewr deaor1bed., ~-e cabinatJ.oa ot a
comma.tater. trimaadt."terJ a ·cipber-key t.raasmi·~ter; •.rid & J"Ot&table .-.mata:tor
'beal'1D• · ~ 1 ta rifl ·a -Gerl.•• ot .piCl·a tUT•.sed in •w,. the eete eor,espond!ng
. . ' .. · ,•.t
. · .... . · .. .. . . :.··· .... :
.. • :: ....
. ··.
.· '
~ . . .
·.· .. . '· ... : .'· :·. -:, ·.:
· .. ·:·;.·· .. ;
\:.-·:·· .'::··.·:·
•. ... . ·. ~.
·.· : ...
.. . · .
. .
1a ·Duber. ·to a .pnsd.,.tem111ed select.ion- o! ohar~c:t&~s, said pias beina po.ei:tioftefJ· ... : : .: .. _ ..
. :·.·.·.· :
I•" (
=!'=-~ ··•··•• .. w. =r:f':.:· ~··.··~·: :·~"'·
. .I'.-
REF ID:A522164 ~ ••• -- ··--·---~---··· ....... _ ""'<- .. ·:·-.. ••• ... •• • ...-:- ... · .. .. - ····-. . ---- -·-----~-:----;T":°l
·_:· ...... ~ ·.
.. ; . 5 -·-· ~ ..
.. . I
·• !
.. !fl·. ."·.1
. . . . ·. :, i
em1;nlt..tttt. tr.enef.t·ter1 4 e1-:>Jle-Ne.r tn.1usmi"tt.-1·_ md 11._rotstable --eoimmtetor .. ' ·: --. . ·; : . -::. :
... : :: :·. i
•.' . '
··~
.. ···~
.i : .
. ·. ·. ;
rot per.Mi~aUon111· ot· a n.ve-ul\it code, _encl_ to the aelaei.oa of. UlldHintl ~"l'Dtl~ .' :.:'. ·:_· ;:.; . . . . . : . . - . . .-... ·'""'j ·ttons_ ~ the aa1d. 00'8 to ettect ocnt~ of .1d.d. co=ut.a.tcr ttw.mlllltterj !!nCl _, .:
anne. eoordinated 'Id.th ·said dpher-keJ" · t.ralllitta- Jl9ehai111 .8IJ4 oper-.ble nt.h
118$<1 ·a,~tatv trmalllitt:er tor ~-o1Atl7 c~t.rolliug pro·cressiw dt-.plac••ta
of the. CC>stmtator.
~n.. ·ID. a aeclu\Disa of tb.e ohu'ac.ter deSC1':l'bed.t tile coabtnatton ·ot a
comeutor tranat tter;.. '• csiphe~keT ·tnamt tter.1 • rotatable coaatator
~ oa · 1 ti rJJa a =aeries ot pins arranged 1n seia,. ·tll-e. aeta corre.epoad1Dg
... ·.·. ·::
. . : ·~
j . . :~ ··.··1 . :. :~
.in -llUlib&r· t.o .a p.redeterrWled ~lecUon oE cbarao.ter•t .Hid ·pjAs being ·posi'1caed . . , ..
p,:nm~ti....:17 in pollpa ot fiw· in -•ccoriemce· with a •el.eet.ect -order ot ~ . o:·
. ·.· ..
. . : •.. • ·.= :~ - .
<!OOMinated. with said cipher-k.,-: t~illd.tter · .,.,.d ~parable with saU: -commte.tor· · · ·.· .... >; ·:-:~Ditter 'e Jomt.17 0Dtroi:u.a1 ·prouessl" rli~pJ.;~·te ·ol the .c;..utator,,.-·: ._.-::· ... ·=.-?-
.. . . . . . ..... '•(
. :and ·Ci"'11t. m.ean·a' .lnclucllBg cm eleetro~anetic .relay t~ co.ntrolli'na said 1.U.atpl~•t.s •.
12.. .Ia a moeharW.111 of the Charaeta- described,. the comb1Det1on of a
eomntator t.raaSllitterJ a -~- trmad.ttar1- a rotatable commutator
beRbg OJl its rim-~ ·.afi'ies Of pin.I &ftaBseci ill set.a, the ts~ts COJTe&pcmdiag
in .. a.beJ'.~~ to a ·jt%"04etend4• cel~ctlon: .of cbsraeters_, aa14 p11ls be$Da . .
poaitiorled pe-nm.t.at1Y81.y m .eroupe' ·of ·ti• m accori~e· with a selecr\ed order
' ...... : · .. ·. -~
.. . "<'
. ··:·
·.-·:·· ·.;
::• .. ;
-ot f.nmtat.ion,e -ot • fiY...U.t .0D4e, and to tne. euluaion ot ·muSe•ir.etl perm\a-i:: ·.· : ~:· . . .
·.' .·;· ..
. ···-·· ..... '""'··-· . :. i ..... s .. : u.~w:::c::;eoc;;s .. ca ..!£C}4&*5 .... «www.as;e .
. . . ~
sa.i.d di,~~;· the C1zraui$ memu• baiag •dar· ·tbe Joint aoatrol ~f boUa
.t said .. :tr$sm1t,ter.a. . . ~:=-- ~
. .·· .· .: : . ...
. . . . . . :
.. ··.· ·: ..
·. .. : ...... -~ . . ·=·:":":_:.::_~ J
: ···;.•.".! . ·:. :·"! . '
: . : .. . ... ~
.. · t . . . . .. ·•,I
.. :S4.: .A aeohltni·~ GE ·tb~ cbar.a.o·t.ar d.11HJcr.ibed~ co.aapri.sing & set. ot el••'ts - · <·. :: j . . I
&· •id. tchtng device for va.?"lina tae eoimeqtion• be.ween tla'-' two sots· of.
el.®r-en·.f.~·1: .11n1U1. tor angularly .ila,i~ei!lg the swltchin.g· devi¢:e in. ·an a~iotU.c· . ,··
.. ·· :. ,:
.· .. :l
. . . . ! . ·.···
·.·· !
... ss ...... : .A rae~s ot· .the cbar«Cter d~·artb~t ·comFJ.·sine; .a' t.l$t of' 'Cl.r<n$1.L\$: ·.· :!
' . .
coastitu~ a ke7board m4 a ~.et of· el..MQlt.e· oo1.a.st-1tutbg • itigAallns bent;· .. ·.·· ....
....
:" .. . . . .
. . . . • ... ~: . . .=;
. . . .'·.: .... ~
-e'.l-..5:·aean·a ror en~larlJ" 41sp1acil!1g the :P'iteb1n~ ci~vin in. nn ll.~1etU.c
/ ......... '~ _1 .... di&~t& ~ ..... equal. tht>~1t.J ill •aulm' . ~:. . . ·. •' .
/
. . .
'.·diaplaC91mta being d.etemtaed by ~ extel'Ul k97 •. ~ . . . .
cans~ tut.1Jig a· t:q.bonrd ·end A .a&t of al:am.te con.iJti tuting ·~· _ai."1~i batlkJ
a niteh!Jl$ de~ea tor ftr11ng t&e connect1oaa "-ttF..- th.a. two se.ts of
· el~~~J .. means ·tor 61\'galarly displacing the- _Pi t.c:hi'n;~ ·d.e:v.t-ce. ia· 8Zi a~lotie . '· . ~
.• aim~~ •. ·the- 4nplar· diaplaceman.ta being =~al, the )lftequsltt;r ·!:a. ~~
t:U.,s,~ace.!!illlt~ being de\end.Qed ·'bf an exteml ~, .sd.d kq compr1·a:las a raaa
repeil&g· aettUGftC& .of ctphed.rig cha.racters. arraged. 1D randesa, vaintelligible
. : :
··· •. •.a•.·
. . ': .··:.·:
.·. ·.· .
·: .
-REF ID:A522164 ,____ _______ _
. ""·•-.;:a :-·::--·· .. ·- ---... -------- ·---·- ··- -- ____ __:.. .... ----··--------~ i - ..•.•
.. ~ .
.. . ~
. . .... ·
& ni:tOhbag· d.nice for P..r,lft£ ·th& ·CDlmftCtiOIH! betne.G ~ two sets .ot ·~lacisQ:tG;
· aeaas. to-ir in.G\i1~rly displ~.a~ tho trl.d. teh!Di; dC\1.ee in -~ e.~r.tod1c s111nner • • • ". I "• •
. .
the t.!lpl~ diaplacmic.ct.«r btdl'lC ·=equal, tbe -~efll.Ualit:" 111 =sular ilB.lGp".l.1.eomt.s · . . .
beil2.g de~ed· by· an: extoraai ke7,. s~d l:ey coapr1ein~ ·a l&Wrepeatbt~ saqu&Dae. . .
ot Qi,pherin~. chuzaeten urmged in rand~, W\i?itelli~ble ·order. the .ad.ti
• • =: ...... .. • : ~
.. . . . . .
.. - ·: '
. . ···.··· .
. :. !-'.· . · .. :
ctphariUg .· eha:-actera beieg ~ploJad succeesivel.f to endpher succeaaive charaeten · · · ·.
"of th& ~ae11,aa..p.
·IDtl 11.leludtq &. ~t "'2tceJ a rotatabl-e com!llJtator bearin,g ~ .nriea of
pin• pos-itioaed tor p.enmtatiYe operatiOn .-!n. ·pwp• es;rid:; a8ch. a s·M ot . .
t'1ve pins md said. gro\1.P# -cornepmd~g 1:l nubsr to. a. predetGU'111ned a;;lectim·
of. che.r.a.cters; a aipher--ke7 ·trmumit.1-eri ·a CCDGU.te.tor trimmn1·tta1· oontr.Olled
hy :!dA gin!, :aaid. trans?d:tter ~r.i:s!.a;; :a .first :s.ot of ~n.tli:ct l.wera Oil& . .
pai:ro4·.e-Mlta.c·t· .,ainta .electrJ.csll.1 opfJ.t·s.tivo ~ewitb1 •. e4~d ·1evera. \l81D& . .
actuated bl' th& penm.ta~i:veq poo.it.t.•84. ·p!as ot· .aidd -~1r&tor, .-. . ·~· . .
elootrioeJ.l1 op.mit-sd throup .sald levu·e· Qd tlve of said ·contact poirlte, to
est. up a tirst se'. ot ti v:e ·proptoru.d.ff at.epa 1D . tll& CQDtia1:1·1 v ·of .- elecwical. .
pa.th (os: 1;he 4:i~lacemant. of' tbe ecmnutatori -~ean" cooriinated nth l!aLl
oom:aa~~r ~Bitter !or j".o~-Ur eontrolliaB. ~·uitn't'e d1Si1laeeamta of the
~-~r., .. H.td .meas ·t.ei.ug ·cmtftllsd. bf.. sud ·eiph~ tr.saBllJ,tt.erJ a
.seccmcl s~·t. ot· .aoc.ta~t. levc-e ad pai.re_i!. Cilntact pointa electric=illr operable
. :"
end n.:.,.," .~r" ·~. e:mt~ points, to· ~e~ up~ ~econd 3et- .of .tive .PNG:rassiva st.pa
. i'
. i
... . .
. ~ ...
:·<··': . ·' -~ ·=·.. . ....... : .....
• ,,"• I
.. ·.:··.· .
: ... ~-·
... · ·:=.· ...... · ... .. . ·':
S.11. ·th& ~tiau'i"ty .o.f an ·J>.leetrical path !or the· dis:.Plaeme't, ot t..12.t. C.O.."tlHtator;
means· to1• .l"Ots.Unt: the coaaatlltor} F:~<~ aenJ1B operatiw tith. ·-ami,d coz:mu.t.f1tor to
cas&. •P.e~c.di~ 1ntf!rroP:uon ia 1 '-" ro"t.a.~m; -~ m'!INls to ert..t).r.t· :md etap ·the
: . : . . . .. ·. ~
..... .. ---·· ·.
.. · .. · .. : -. .
,_ .
·.·:·. . .·. ·.·· ....
.. ...... .
~·-.,.---··---··":"'Y---:-·-------·- -- - ·- . ------·· .. REF. .... _ID ;.A522l.!i_i_· _....:_ ____ ·-·---·-·----··------------~·::.--:::--,,.,-.
r· ... ',!
.=·:· ·.:,_ . ... :.
.. -.~ .
-~ . . "!
. .. __ ,,..
. . . . :·:.
· · · dpe.l.in_g Eilsents. 1:l e:f,.ectd.cc":l. ·cL~it coueot~~n nth .!, tl!F$ll"t:-sb . .
tll~ifln:t- Iter~, said kqboatd ·eompr.1:Gt.ag a ¢0i"re~ondin:g num:t-v at
eb.Dt.5;ct& .·r.o~- .cl~siUg said cbcuit eonnei;ttOn.£1~ .a ~ral,.md.t code. :ciphel--.. · ·.".· :·. . .
ke1 tr:.~~saj.$ter c~:!'dinated .. 1'!,th aa1d key:'b0ard· ~ Jointly contr91 .:D-!..id .. ·. ~·. .. . . .
.. . .
. si~e.l.Ug· ~e:men·tsJ aeana !or chGging ·the el~tri~al petho be~ the . :.:·:· .
. . .
diet.1"1.at·tsd :cm_ th.fl .obverse f.P~ce o! e"id ¥1beel; ·a· .eecon.d :!Ind .mmo.i.01one ~t
of ·t~.tl'~su oontacrte -eq\iitistml.tly 411-t.rib.1.ted. ·• tiie J\1Ver$e f~ ot . .
~id *:eeli eonciu.otors .nspecUvely cormeo.Uu·g the contacts of on~. lace·
dth fl.le eoo~cts ~the ether .·#ace.t· ... twentr-.iz. sets af· pina. -~toad.on . . .
tbe rim ~ said. -.heel and .P"si t~ed tor penmtaU ve opere.tian .acconii.nq:
... - .J
. ·.: .. · !
· ... ··· ... .. ·!
.. · ... .'
... =: ... •. · .,
·.·:: .. : ... :-:· ....... . ·
J!' :• I
... ·· \:: .' : ... :
. ~- : . . ~· : '.
.·'.
... ·:
~ .· . ·: .
.·to the. ·pererutations c£ a fi•e-unit code1 a coau~tor traaait:t.er· coapr11$.l.ag
a tiret eet ·of· tive. ·contact .la~fr eiectr,l:cell:r oper:~ble Yd.th ·ten pelred .
~t.t.Ct· _po.fa.~~ ea.id levers being eet1.1;11t~ci- 1i,y- 'f;b&. pin.et .ot liaid. ooamH1.ato<r., . . .. ~ .... : : .: ... ·.~:
am P.1~ctriv.it11T o.per~ted tbrQugh .sSd;!l levors and ·five of said cocit&.ct _pom.t.a,..'.··_.·,. ···:·;.; . . . --:: ... · .. ·•·.· .....
fiiap.~··.set of f1Ym contsei:. lever9 ~lectric!fll.7 ope1•~bile nth 'ls ·paired
·con.tact. points,. ss.~d contact lewrs l.."lt~g actU~t,ed ~ t.he c!.phe:r-kej' trfllls-
m1tta,· tthm operated through· :t:ts eoa~ct.· l:g\fWs an<l· five or i·t& ten ae~ocietecl . .
. .
lo. .the ecnthwit7 ot tb.·i?· sa&ie el&etrical ·ctrcait for tha· dieplacelllcmt. of the
CORau.~atDJ'J ·seau.s de,poodcmt upon the contiuuitv. ot said. el-ectri.e&l circuit. to
.rt.ct d1;11plaenmta ot the commtator mtil the. first. Mt -of' .fiw· JWOgrHBive
·.steps · . .xaetly •atc~es the aecoad -se·t of .Uwe Pz'ogre·ssi•o et.eps in -~
cqiJunu1t; ot ··s.aio ~lectr1cal. oircoJ .. t_.
40. ln a eqptographic 1&7atem_, eaiplo71ng ai.1 4&lea~t ·~pon. whieh a plain
text. eharact·er is eG·'t9;bl.i:s.llea, 8Dd en el.em.li'Q1i. upon which .a ciphiJ" ~otcr
. . : ... ~.; .
~ ~ ... ·.
:· .. . . . . . .... ~~
..
.. . .
·. ·:
. .
.·. ··:.' ."' ·:: .. :~ .... ···~ . :
. . ...
.·=·· '.)·
. . ~
':.: ..
· ....
. -~
.... ·,
.. · . . · .. ~
... ·i_ ....
. '.! • ~:·, I• •: ~·
. •. J
·.:_: :::.:~ •. t .. - ...... I. }•.A< .... .; ..... Q54 P. s a. rZZ¥ @ros .... a . . a ; .. s. ·-.-4 • <« - ... _, z. ... . .: a::-
,---· -:-:-~--·-- --·---:-·-.··-·:·::··:-·· .. , . ·-· ____ -· fil.:f-.. -~D. :_.~22164 _,
!/·::_'.··<~; ! .· . . : ......... . I· . i ·. :·.:-::.-..: r • • I ': ..... •
. . ·.= ""' . 'i
.. -~ ·.. . . . .
ia. eatabush.t. &Ad 1Rollld1ng a mtchJnc cimee openUTelf tntupoaed
betna se.14: elmm·ta1 tti. •tbad of" ·•olpherlB& :wbich c:oa.la\s a
.eoutinuou.a.17 "ftl'J'in& the cipher :reqltm't ot a gt.Tau plda· ta:t ~act.ex-,
. . ~~·: . . . . . . .i
. -~3:::.;. -~ . ' . ·i
. ' . ·.. . ~
l
· ... J
b7 ~1' omtrolling th, aper:lod1c dlaplacemeou Gt ·a&ld nitoblng .4ence. . . ~
. ·.· :·· i '
text .CJiU.acter ·1• .ata:Wahed, Mid. rm ·el&IQt upon -1Jich ·a ciphe.- ebaracter
ls estal>UBhet, and 1Dc1ud1Ag a awitchiftg device opentlvel.1 t.nt.erpoiHd · . . .
·bet.~ .BG.1d element.,. ·and coordinated tor use· ad~ the con.trol. of a ciphe-r-
key ~sdt\er; the method· of encipherlns···vh1ch ·COltai~tl 1n coutinuouslJ'
.va171ng ~e ·Qiphor Wetiilt.ant. ot .&. given pl$1u text character, by n:ternally
cont.rolling ·the aperiodic. tU..splace&~ta of aaid .snt.chSDg deTioe •. ·the Gtef·
of ext~ eoutrol mwlnng· the ·.Pl'04uet.i.cll bJ the c:lpher-U, truuim.1 t.te
·of a u111•Wll111lt1e r~ nquace.. of ~I oharactar.8.
. .
42 •. In a ~tographic qsta,.. emplojinc a eltitient upon llihich a ·plain.
text ch~ctor· 1~ es-tablished,_ sad .. • .eleam:t ~ *1.cb. a :ciPhatr cbuacter .'.·.:·.
i:S estnbUl!ih-ed, ·and ·molucling a Sldtcbing ~e'Ylq.e oper.:ativel1 111t.erpoaod
· be-t:tteen. .sud mlementa. and coordinated tor use Uacier the cont-rel of a cipher
. ka-.y tttan•itter throu·gh wbicla is passed a perforated tape•· t.he. :se\hQd of
enei,bering· 'Which crm·s1sta in eoiltin~oulil.7 ~g the Cipher· :resultant ot
.. ·I
.... .. : .:.j : .. · ... '·.··.l
. . . . . ~
.... . . ·· · .. '!
. ·.:. J .. ·,
·. ::~ . .. .,
. :
' . i
:· ..... · ·.
a &t:rer.t. .. pl&in. w.itt cl\a;-:'-'cter, bJ eztei.naUy control.llra·g tile apel'iodio die- .:. ·,_.· . -;
plac~ea~ of· n.14 n1 tching devi.ce-,, the -8\ei.!:!-. ot at-emal. contfttl in'901'11Dg
'1le· pl'Oduc.U.on 1'1 ·the oJ.~ei-tq tn!nfJlld.tter ·~ a aainblligible randea . .
:~.ice .ot lteJ1.u·a characters; and .. chaufllD& tluJ aequaoe of '\he ·.tqtng . .
cban.o:ter.a. '0'£" ,said vana1t.ter.
48•'.· · :~ a. cqpto6Z'aphie .~stem., eaplol'it&r an. eleraeat upoa ""1dcb -a .pla1a
teit ·ch~r is eetabliabed. and an eleent· upon ·•b1ch a ci;;ther characw
ts· e:s:~liaht!d~ and. ineludiq a s'llitch1A1 .d~v1ce op!9rat1wlJ' .iA~~sed . · . .
bet_. .. fJd.tt elenent$, ·and coord~ated tor· _use· mider the control ot a ctp'bar-
keT trmaiilitter thnm.&b .. dlich ·1a passed a: perforated \apeJ the uthod ot
. . .
.. :
: .· ...
.. ·.·. , . . ·: .. : . ,....... ·.
. . : . . . .
..... ·.: ..
. .i . ~ •. : . .... ·:
.z3.=e:::~c '.z .... :. .. :.f.¥.a;. < . '. . •.. 1-.=.2 .......... ~I. QJ . I .......... . . .: .
r -~I. :r.i. ~~-----------·--RE-F-I-B+A-&.2-2-1:-6-4-----~-·
I
: . I
. ;
·~. /"""\
.. ·: :· · ..
-~pbeJ"ing· ·:'lfhleh ccmais:ts in ooatlnaousl.y 'fUying the ci'9her rcsuJ.;~t- ot
ii . .g1,.-•· p"l&iu. tat.. charaeter., b7 ext,ena&Uy ~trolling. the aperiodic ate
p1ao•enta of sat~ ··a'ld.tcbins device.,. the step ot external c01:1ti'ol "111volnn4
·:the prodl)cttoo. ·by. ·the ci:pher-k"GJ t.rtuuJmitter -ot m uo.intelligibl~ ·r.endoa
-seqlJenCfJ of "kqing cb:nG'tGrSJ chagiug the ee(lUenca. ot the ~g :CMT'acters
f4 . . 1rdd··.tr40,al"tt.crl an-0 .. mmd.ilg ·said. tape -conten-sive 1a lon£t:b. ·with ·the to-tal
len~ .ot· ··ttie set 0£· messqes- to be enciphe~.. · .
+.t.. ~-a Cl'.1i>to11"1.phic a7.steia, .. u;lo';iug ~ eleaet upon· .which a ·pl.ain
text ·dluac.ter ,1::; -es·tablished_, and: en -elata'\t upon. vaich a cipher -cha.n:cter
1e es~bliabed·, a~d: inoludii>,g a: awitc.'liai. ae~ice- operatively inte;rpoaed
bet.J:t.een· .;;;aid ~leneD.to, end coordirlat.ed .for uae ui:\de.r t~ contTOl of a: cipher--
·k·e7 -.&rma_ni tter ··tw'rou&h ·•hi.ch is passed ·& perf'ol'"tlted ·tape; the ·not.hod ot.
meiP:~erin:g which consb'.ts= in contin.uausq ·varying th~ <;i:¢1er resultan·t ot
.-n: ·si~tm ··.p!al.u tut· cha.re.et-er. by ~ema.ll.f eon·trolllng the :eiperlodic -~~ ~- . . . '
placements· ot sd.<1. switching de.Tice_, the step .or· exte:mal con.trol involving . . . .
the prodoc~~on. h1' the- cipl\er-te1 tr'!lJ·sitd:tter· :or_ ._q. unintelligible i;-andcm
sOJiUmce . "~: :tey~i. charae'ter8J ehang1ng. tJie:. seftu·eace of' ·the k•1inc characters
·of' ·1raid·· -trim-.tttBl'";. ·.US.Cf: said. tape COO:X~"lsive in lcgth with the wtal
len;gth :or· the &et. ot mesaage1J to be encipheNd,J and cbanging said tnj,lf) ri·th
-each -cli.tf.ere."lt set of mesa~ ..
·~xt character is eetabllsned, and .m,i 61.eiuen.t UJ;10ll ~ch a cipher· ch$.racter
ia •u·tab.l.:bhcd·, Md· .blclh1ng ti. e-onn:ectiO~· chDgiug device opsrat1.vel7
in.·terp(Jaed be.t.ween said f'.l·GCiJartts,. said device being coordinated fo·r use urad.er
the· c~trol. or • cipher-key treuumi~ter; t.he a.othod ot!.enciphering 'llhich . . ...
con·aist.$ in conthuously ftl".{i!lg· ·the ·c.iP._bsr· renltant of C. ti,VEllD. ·pl&in. :ten
char_actar,, ·by extemally con'bollin,g tb& :aperi.odic displ80el\'l.ea:ts or se.14
c.onaec,~ai .-ebaelng· de-v1:ce1 the s:tep -ot. e:ttem&l control involving the
·''. · .. ·.· ...
· .. ·':
.. ... . ·
· .. ·.· · .....
·. · ..
.. !
.. ·· .. · .. ·:·
..... :· ... . . · .... .
.· . : . · .. l :
·::1.
. :·· ~
... ·. I:.
'•. ":·
• • ••• =:
producti~:-bt the c;i;P.her-k.,,- ti-mmd.ttu. ot·an unintollipbls, rcdoa -eqEnmoe ·. >.·:.·.
. '%"
. . . . . ·:"-:.·.;
. . .. .. :;a: ! ; .... t. .. a,,· )A.G. . 4P-il~·J .. t (.,e.~ : ..... s ...... .• .
... . . .. . a; z ....... 4Q4J ... ;; &JfO.P~,,s;g;: .. > ... --1~ .... 4.·-:. :ee .4.?.?·= · ...
'· . ' .. · .. a ..•.
.i&. ~·.
.._ .... · ,_
Join~V .wi;f.h the connection ehmlgin.g -d.evJ.cit in controlllns the di.spl:acmnen.t:s
or mrid d"1ce~
. .
text character 1e e:ttabl.1shed:, and an element upon wht:ch a cipher character . .
'1ntel-1)0:sed ~tnan said .aleme!atS, end dev.t.ee· being coo~inated for use· mi:del'
·the e0?1tml ·Qt a cipher-k$1 t"1J.l!t!dtter; th~ at.hod .of enclphering ·fihich
con!liste la ·conti1!.uou~l7 vuy.ing the ai,'J>her ·:resultant e>f e;. givoo ·plain text
charaeter ·'b1 ezerc1s1n,g a two-phmie coutrOl o~r the· sptn"i.Odic di:spl.::iec.snts
of' es.id ·.r~~table conn·eetian changing· ·tlevle.e; · C·!J.u..sing one phe.i&e o·f 3~tid
CO?Jtrril to bo exercised internally; and ·c!iUBing the othnr ptwse ot n!dd
COD'trol ·to be 02orci11ed e:temiall.7.
47. In. a ·crtPtogra.;>Mc system,. enplo:ylng .an eloman.t t.apon nieh a .plain.
text.. character. fs e-stablls.'led, s11d en ~amt ·upon whiCh a.· ci.pher cha~•cter·
....... !
.. . · ..
· ... :. · .
.. · ..
. · ... .. · ......
·: .. ·.· ·.·.·.. . ·.···. ·. ':.; ·. .~ ...
. . ~· . · • ."= . • •
. " .. ·.·.,, ··:·,:
.=·. ::· ....
·· .. :·.
·: . . . . .. ~:
. :" ·: ,.
···: ·: . . :
1.s establiished.1 and . .lnclud.iD.g a .rot.at.able connect1.on chmging dtr1ice opar~·.tiVel.7 .·: . . ·.·. . . . . . . ~ . :.
. .
.i~terpoaed betlt'ffU :~d P.leen·ts;· the ·matbo¢. of enciphe.rl.n~. which .co1uist&. iD
contuuou.sly var.ring the cipher reB'Jl tant cf .n .gi vm· pla.in text character
b7 ~-erci·sin3 .a. two-ph~eo control OV91" the ap.eriodic ·di~PU.c'!!!!ent..s ot ·sd.d
rotatable comi.ect~on e'W.ulitng .device; causing one .pha$e .or said c®trol to
be exerci's4!1d: internally, ~ setting: up pe.nnt~:tion·f! co:rr,esponding 1n nmber. .
·to· a predetemiaed .seletion of. cheraeters of a :plu:rsl-unit code; cn:s1ng ·
the ot.h~r ?ho·se o.f ·~aid eon'b'ol to ·be ezerC!sed ert<11msll1 br settin1· up an . .
w:i1n.tell.ig1ble, rm:ad.om iseq,uen.ce or chEl.ractoru in a. plur.a~it .code.; ·~Dd
ceusine; :m :!.nteraetion b&t'lnen Q1d phaaea to .j.ointl;y· cOn.tr.ol ·the aperiodic
. 4a.. In .. ~ C17Ptograph1.c S""/l.Stn eaploJ;lllg a.ei one or .its key.in·g :elemm:t.s
a. ciphm--~ay ·i;bms:ait.tfat, ao.id µoaumlttor using a Ci~• .pe:nmJ·ted in
accordece n·~ 3 .fi:v~ t eode, and also ·eraplo)!'in·g ·a second tran~itterf
·the method of' olim1nat.iaG from th~ ·.t'lnal .CJ'1Pt.or~ama those pe.rmutations ot
...... ·. .: .· ~ . .
...
.·. : . ... ··
. ··· ..
-:. ·: ....
... ·' .. ·. - ,.
·.: .:.· ·.
.· ... · .
·.:.:
. ' ;
··. •.:.
. · ....
·==
.. d" •
:··,
•\ .. ~ ~- /'""'"\ . .
said. oode .ah1ch .h&ve no standard .eq~i•al•ts. ia the COllYOnt.ional tw.enty-s1x.
1et~ Morse .. code.,. said aethocl acm~st.ms in C'4Vain§ 8&id cipluir-by t~ms
m..u.r to. int.e:rll.Ct. t11 t.h the aedO'tld trasai.tte..r;· the la·tter beins ent:irel.T
.1nd~penden ~-. ot control by the -message. ·char.act019 •. . . . .
49.. ·ln, 11 ceyptographic· qstma, emplotin• as one of its keying. &leumt9
a. cipher-k91 t,ransmi tter., uaing a C:i_pher-kq .. perwted. in aecordanca with -a
fiv~nit code, -aad .-operaUw wJ:th a ainale elect?-icBl. circuit bav1-& ten . .
.md·au>ondtm-t.· circuit breatiag elema.t.s;. the method .. or ellllinating from the
.fl.ad ·eryptograms ·those pe:riDUtatious- of as.id code w:b.t.oh have no etmdarc:l
equivsl..ents in the •CCvention&l tvoo:t.J--six .let.te:r ·Mor.s·e code., e.aio metaod
cmi~istiog· 1n causing aaid wunamitter to cortt;rol the optmiag and. closiD-g
or ·five of the ten in.depandoat circvi t breaking elemm:ta .in $\id single . I
eloc1.T.icsl cil'cui.t.
·so.· In a cryptograp~o s;yata, eaplo,-!ng a ·ttrst •smitter and .a
connec.tion-. changb& device eontroll-S.ng ed.d tren.smi tt&r; a eecoad ~s-
.rd. tter· aftd a ·perforated lE97-tape per.rmted 1B acc0rdaoeo 111.-th ·a ft:va-~t
eode emtrollird.g sdd .. eeeend t.ran&dtte:r1· and iD<1lud1n1 a o:tngle ele.e~!.eal. . \ ·. . . . .
· · ei~Ollit. operstively U30C1·at.ed· llith said. traasmittero .• ·the said ciMUi·t
haVing tea inde,pendent ct.rcu1·t brGaidii_g el.ments' arranged in t.o ·aeta· of
ti-ve. alelients each;· the method' of ellm1nsting trail th& .f'inal cqpt.ogi"t'Uaa
·t~~· per.mutations ot Q&ie f'1Ye-unit, .code. ·wh:i-eh. have .o.~ st.'l&la.rd equivaJ.eu·.t.i'l
in -the· ·~v•ti-one..l twe'a.f'q-'six letter ifor&& code, said netbod coa·d;stJ.ng· . .
in ,C&ua!Ua both trmi.snitter·s Join·tl.r t.o caatr.ol the opeuiag. imd ·cloain~ of
&~id .electrlcsi e,1.rauit,. the f"U'at set of ·.fi\l'ti ciTCUi.t br~akin.g. elements
being c~·troll.ed by on-e of said trmatt.t.e:r.a, ·encl ·Uw ~econd. s.et.· of t1ve.
e':_rcuit lsroaking elements being controlled by 't~o- s:ecqatl transmitter.
. .. :.·-:·;·::
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_.:z:: .... -·····-'' ... -· .. ·.·. <·~ .............. .: ; #.: -~·--... .. ........ ) . .( .. 2 ... ..1 ccs;;:yr~~;z .... .4 .... IQ .... ·.·~--"'
·- :...•·
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