obc | beta testing
DESCRIPTION
Marjan Slak Rupnik, University of Maribor and CIPKEBIP, Slovenia Beta testing http://obc2012.outofthebox.si/TRANSCRIPT
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Beta testingMarjan Slak Rupnik
University of MariborCentre of excellence for integrated approaches to chemistry and
biology of proteins
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Beta testing- addressing key obstacles reducing the quality of life- diseases – example: diabetes mellitus- described for many centuries, treated during the last,
but despite that in epidemic expansion- missing critical puzzle pieces – beta testing
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Innovative ways out...- understanding human physiology or systems
biology outside the context of a modern civilization (e.g. medicine and industry)- an organism is not stupid and helpless
- understanding pathophysiology- concepts and leading researchers can be
wrong- stop avoiding the obvious
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What is diabetes mellitus?
- polyuria in polydipsia- hyperglycemia
- not enough beta cells to produce insulin (T1DM; autoimmune, viral,...)
- body simply too big for the maximal insulin production (T2DM; obesity, predisposition to low beta cell mass,...)
- the solution to remove signs is too simple: use of insulin to lower glucose and stop osmotic diuresis
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Endocrine pancreas
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Glucose-dependent insulin release
- the primary role of insulin is not to reduce blood glucose (industrial definition).
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The role of insulin is anabolic,it is in fact a growth hormone
insulin resistance
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Keeping the plasma glucose levelhigh enough
-not enough beta cells to produce insulin (T1DM) – insulin sensitive-body simply too big for the maximal insulin production (T2DM) – insulin insensitive
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Why misconceptions?
• individual cells• coupled beta-cell clusters• neural control of coupled
clusters
9
insulin
acetylcholine
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Pancreas innervation
- peripheral neuropathy – a consequence or a cause
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Different patterns of insulin release
10 mM glucose
oral
IV
N
D
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Consensus model insulin secretion (beta version)
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CSI Maribor
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high spatial resolution of indicator loaded cells
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clear identification of ROI of individual beta cell
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clear identification of ROI of individual non-beta cell
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Alternative model of Ca2+ regulation in a beta cell
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Malignant hyperthermia – porcine stress syndrome
When Pigs Stress OutBy ARMELLE CASAUPublished: October 07, 2003
Half a century of selective breeding has had an unappetizing side effect for the nation's $40 billion-a-year pork industry.In what researchers say is a biochemical chain reaction sometimes caused by a stress syndrome inadvertently bred into many pigs, 10 to 15 percent of pork turns into sweating pale cuts of meat that ooze liquid in the packaging and become leathery when cooked.The pork industry estimates that the problem costs $90 million a year in lost revenue. Now the losses have led to research to seek new ways to improve breeding and handling.Food scientists say the problem dates from the 1950's,
when breeders started selecting pigs with increased mass of lean muscle. Those pigs, it turned out, also
inherited a naturally occurring condition, porcine stress syndrome.As farmers bred faster-growing hogs with ultralarge, ultralean muscles that could compete as ''the other white meat,'' they were inadvertently selecting for the syndrome, said Dr. Jodi Sterle, a swine specialist at Texas A&M University...
I know I can die of stress due to hyperthermia, but
why is my lean muscle mass so big?
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European Neuroscience Institute Göttingen (ENI-G) is jointly funded by Medical faculty of University of Goettingen, Max-Planck Society and Schering AG. Institute of Physiology was a Partner Group to Max-Planck Institute for biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen.
Bark C, Berggren P-O, Efendić S, Karolinska InstituteShen Y, Zhijiang University, HangzhouGaisano H, U TorontoWalther D, MPI Molecular Genetics Berlin