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TRANSCRIPT
Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6 [ 1
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Chap
ter
- 1 wha
t, w
here
, ho
w a
nd w
hen
?
Wha
t, W
her
e,
How
and
When
?
Ind
us
A g
rou
p o
f
peo
ple
wh
o
liv
ed i
n N
ort
h
-wes
t.
Wh
at p
eop
le
ate
?
Kin
ds
of
clo
thes
wo
rn.
Ho
use
s p
eop
le
liv
ed i
n.
Hu
nte
rs
Her
der
s
Far
mer
s
Ru
lers
Pri
ests
Gam
es p
lay
ed
by
ch
ild
ren
Arc
hae
olo
gis
ts
Rec
ord
s o
f v
icto
ries
in b
attl
e
Kin
gs
ord
ers
Met
al
Sto
ne
Pal
m l
eaf
Ep
ics,
po
ems
and
pla
ys
Med
icin
e an
dsc
ien
ce
Liv
es o
f k
ing
s
Rel
igio
us
bel
iefs
and
pra
ctic
esL
atin
wo
rd
'Man
u'
mea
nin
g h
and
.
Tam
il
Pra
kri
t
San
skri
t
Dif
fere
nt
for
dif
fere
nt
gro
up
s o
f p
eop
le.
Fro
m f
arm
ers
to k
ing
s
and
qu
een
.
Fro
m m
erch
ants
to
craf
ts p
erso
ns.
Dif
fere
nt
cust
om
and
pra
ctic
es.
Yea
rs c
ou
nte
d
fro
m t
he
bir
th
of
Jesu
s.
BC
(B
efo
re C
hri
st)
AD
(A
nn
o D
om
ini)
Sk
ille
d g
ath
erer
s
Co
llec
ted
ro
ots
, fru
its,
hu
nte
d a
nim
als.
So
me
of
the
earl
iest
cit
ies
flo
uri
shed
May
adh
a
A l
arg
e k
ing
do
m
No
rth
wes
t
So
me
of
the
earl
iest
cro
ps
gro
wn
. (W
hea
tan
d B
arle
y).
No
rth
-Eas
t an
d
cen
tral
In
dia
Ric
e w
as g
row
n.
In s
earc
h
of
foo
d Pla
ce t
o l
ive
To e
scap
e n
atu
ral
cala
mit
ies.
Men
tio
ned
in R
igv
eda
2 ] Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6
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Chap
ter
- 2
from
hunt
ing - g
athe
ring
to g
rowing f
ood
Fro
mH
unting
-
Gath
erin
gto
Gro
win
gF
ood
Mu
ltip
lyn
atu
rall
y
Pro
vid
e m
ilk
and
mea
t
Use
d a
s a
'sto
re' o
f fo
od
Pla
nts
An
imal
s b
on
es
In n
ort
h-w
est
Ind
ia In K
ash
mir
Eas
t an
d S
ou
th I
nd
ia
Trac
es o
f h
uts
or
ho
use
s
Wea
vin
g c
loth
Lo
ok
ing
hea
rth
s
Mo
rtar
s an
d p
estl
es
Ear
then
po
ts
Two
toth
ree
ge
ne
rati
on
s
liv
e to
get
her
.
Mu
tin
y
Gat
her
ing
Far
min
g
Fis
hin
g
Lo
cate
d i
n a
fer
tile
pla
in,
nea
r B
ola
n P
ass
Sq
uar
e o
r re
ctan
gu
lar
ho
use
s
Peo
ple
bu
ried
afte
r d
eath
Sit
e o
n h
ills
nea
r th
eB
rah
map
utr
a V
alle
y
Sto
ne
too
ls
Fo
ssil
wo
od
an
d p
ott
ery
Fru
its
Veg
etab
les
Gra
in
Mil
k
Dif
fere
nt
con
dit
ion
s
for
dif
fere
nt
pla
nts
Pla
ces
wh
ere
edib
le p
lan
tsw
ere
fou
nd
See
ds
fell
on
th
e g
rou
nd
an
dn
ew p
lan
ts s
pro
ute
d.
Pro
tect
ed p
lan
ts f
rom
bir
ds
and
an
imal
s.
Tam
e an
imal
s b
y l
eav
ing
foo
d f
or
them
.
Fir
st t
amed
an
imal
was
wil
d d
og
.
Oth
ers
wer
e sh
eep
, go
at e
tc.
Gro
win
g p
lan
ts
Lo
ok
ing
aft
er a
nim
als
Gro
win
g p
lan
ts
Lo
ok
ing
aft
er p
lan
ts
Dri
vin
g a
way
an
imal
s
Sto
rin
g t
he
foo
d a
nd
see
ds.
Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6 [ 3
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Chap
ter
- 3
in t
he e
arlies
t cities
In
the E
arli
est
Cit
ies
Ver
y b
usy
pla
ce
Co
nst
ruct
ion
of
spec
ial
bu
ild
ing
s
Bro
ug
ht
met
al,
pre
cio
us
sto
nes
fro
m d
ista
nt
lan
ds.
Terr
aco
tta
toy
s
Scr
ibes
Pre
par
ed s
eals
Cra
fts
per
son
s
Po
ts w
ith
bea
uti
ful
bla
ck d
esig
ns.
Sea
ls o
f st
on
es
Bla
des
Wei
gh
ts
Bea
ds
Co
tto
n c
loth
Sil
ver
Go
ld
Bro
nze
Co
pp
er
Sto
ne
Sh
ell
and
met
al
Pre
cio
us
sto
nes Tin
Co
pp
erPlo
ug
h w
as u
sed
Rea
red
an
imal
s
Gre
w c
rop
s
Cit
y o
f L
oth
al
Cit
y o
f D
ho
lav
ira
Fre
sh w
ater
an
dfe
rtil
e so
il.
Lar
ge
lett
ers
of
Har
app
an s
crip
t.
Maj
or
chan
ges
aro
un
d 3
900
yea
rs a
go
.
Wri
tin
g s
eals
and
wei
gh
t n
olo
ng
er u
sed
.G
arb
age
pil
edo
n s
tree
ts
Dra
inag
e sy
stem
bro
ke
do
wn
Fo
un
d d
uri
ng
lay
ing
of
rail
way
lin
es
In p
rese
nt-
day
Pak
ista
n
Bu
ild
ing
s m
ade
of
hig
h q
ual
ity
bru
les
Cit
ies
dev
elo
ped
470
0 y
ears
ag
o.
Sm
alle
r b
ut
hig
her
(C
itad
el)
Lar
ger
bu
t lo
wer
(Lo
wer
to
wn
)
Wel
l b
aked
bri
cks
Mo
hen
jod
aro
Har
app
a
Lo
thal
Kal
iban
gan
Ho
use
s w
ere
on
e o
r tw
o s
tore
y's
hig
h
Sep
arat
e b
ath
ing
are
a
Co
ver
ed d
rain
s
Gen
tle
slo
pe
for
easy
flo
w o
f w
ater
4 ] Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6
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Chap
ter
- 4
wha
t bo
oks
and
bur
ials
tel
l us
?
Wha
t B
ooks
and
Bu
ria
ls
Tell
Us ?
Pri
ests
or
Bra
hm
ins
Raj
as
Jan
aV
ish
Ary
as
Das
as o
r D
asy
es
(op
po
nen
ts)
Dea
d b
uri
ed
wit
h p
ots
No
rth
-eas
t an
dK
ash
mir
So
uth
In
dia
Th
e D
ecan
To m
ark
bu
rial
sit
es
Sto
ne
bo
uld
ers
Bu
ried
wit
h o
nly
few
po
ts.
So
me
bu
ried
wit
h l
ots
of
ob
ject
s.
Peo
ple
of
sam
e fa
mil
yb
uri
ed t
og
eth
er.
Meg
alit
hs
wit
h m
ore
th
ano
ne
skel
eto
n
Bu
ried
wit
h v
esse
ls o
ffo
od
an
d w
ater
.
Ad
ult
s b
uri
ed w
ith
hea
ds
tow
ard
s th
e N
ort
h.
Sit
e o
n r
iver
Gh
od
Pu
lses
Ric
e
Bar
ley
Wh
eat
Cat
tle
Go
at
Sh
eep
Ho
rse
Ber
Am
la
Jam
un
Dat
es
Old
est
Ved
a
Hy
mn
s ca
lled
Su
kta
Old
or
Ved
ic S
ansk
rit
Sam
aved
a
Yaj
urv
eda
Ath
arv
aved
a
Exa
min
e w
ritt
en s
ou
rce
So
me
hy
mn
s ar
e in
fo
rm
of
dia
log
ues
Pra
yer
s fo
r ca
ttle
Ho
rses
jo
ked
to
ch
ario
ts
Ho
rses
use
d i
n b
attl
es
Fo
r la
nd
Fo
r w
ater
To c
aptu
re p
eop
le
So
me
kep
t b
y l
ead
ers
So
me
giv
en t
o p
ries
ts
Res
t d
istr
ibu
ted
to
peo
ple
Use
d f
or
per
form
ance
of
yaj
nas
Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6 [ 5
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Chap
ter
- 5
king
doms
, king
s a
nd a
n ea
rly
repu
blic
Kin
gd
om
s,
Kin
gs a
nd
an
Ea
rly
Rep
ubli
c
Cro
ps
(1/6
of
th
pro
du
ce)
Cra
fts
per
son
s (I
nfo
rm o
f la
bo
ur)
Her
der
s (i
n f
orm
of
anim
als)
Go
od
s b
rou
gh
t an
dso
ld t
hro
ug
h t
rad
e
Hu
nte
rs a
nd
gat
her
ers
(In
form
of
fore
stp
rod
uce
)
Gro
win
g u
seo
f ir
on
plo
ug
hsh
ares
.
Tran
spla
nti
ng
pad
dy.
Bu
dd
ha
and
Mah
avir
a
Raj
as p
erfo
rmed
rit
ual
sto
get
her
Gan
a o
r S
ang
ha
Vai
shal
i
Raj
agri
ha
Pat
alip
utr
a
Bim
bis
ara
Aja
tasa
tter
Too
ls a
nd
wea
po
ns
Ele
ph
ants
tra
ined
for
arm
y.
Gan
ga
So
nTran
spo
rt
Wat
er s
up
pli
es
Fer
tile
lan
d
Men
bec
ame
raja
sb
y p
erfo
rmin
g b
igsa
crif
ices
Ash
vam
edh
a o
rh
ors
e sa
crif
ice
Pri
ests
per
form
edsa
crif
ice
Bra
hm
in
Ru
lers
kn
ow
n a
s k
shat
riy
as
Vis
h o
r v
aish
yas
Lu
md
ros
Raj
as
Lan
d w
her
e ja
ana
set
its
foo
t
Pu
ran
a Q
ila
in D
elh
i
Has
tin
apu
ra n
ear
Mee
r ut
Atr
anji
kh
era
nea
r E
tah
dis
tric
t.
So
me
jan
apad
asim
po
rtan
t th
ano
ther
s
Had
a c
apit
al c
ity
Fo
rts
bu
ilt
Gre
at d
eal
of
pla
nn
ing
En
orm
ou
s la
bo
ur
req
uir
ed
Mai
nta
ined
arm
ies
6 ] Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6
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Chap
ter
- 6
new q
uestions
and
idea
s
New
Qu
esti
ons
and
Id
ea
s
Ksh
atri
ya
pri
nce
of
lich
chh
avis
Men
an
d w
om
en m
ust
lea
ve
thei
r h
om
e to
kn
ow
th
e tr
uth
.
Ah
imsa
In P
rak
rit
(May
adh
i) l
ane
Ver
y s
imp
le l
ives
Ab
solu
tely
ho
nes
t
No
ste
alin
g
Par
ts o
fn
ort
hIn
dia
Gu
jara
t
Tam
il N
adu
Kar
nat
aka
Vy
asa
Jaim
ini
Pat
anja
li
Kap
ila
Go
tam
a Ko
nad
a
Vin
aya
Pit
aka
(Bu
dd
his
t sa
ng
ha
rule
s)
Ass
oci
atio
n o
f th
ose
wh
o l
eft
thei
r h
om
es.
Lab
ou
rers
Mer
chan
ts
Ksh
atri
yas
Bra
hm
ans
Jain
a an
d B
ud
dh
ist
mo
cks
stay
ed d
uri
ng
rain
y s
easo
n
Vic
har
as
Giv
e u
p e
ver
yth
ing
an
db
eco
me
sam
ny
asin
s.
Liv
e in
fo
rest
and
med
itat
e.
Mar
ry a
nd
liv
eas
ho
use
ho
lder
s.S
tud
y V
edas
du
rin
gea
rly
yea
rs
Bu
dd
his
m
2500
yea
rs a
go
Lef
t h
om
e in
sea
rch
of
kn
ow
led
ge.
Un
der
a p
ipal
tre
e
Bo
dh
Gay
a
Lif
e is
fu
ll o
f su
ffer
ing
an
d u
nh
app
ines
s.
Peo
ple
sh
ou
ld b
e k
ind
Res
pec
t ev
ery
bo
dy
's l
ive
(in
clu
din
g a
nim
als)
Pra
kri
t
Ab
ou
t li
fe a
fter
dea
th
Wh
y s
acri
fice
s sh
ou
ldb
e p
erfo
rmed
.
Atm
an (
Ind
ivid
ual
so
ul)
Bra
hm
an (
un
iver
sal
sou
l)
Ap
pro
ach
ing
an
dsi
ttin
g n
ear.
Rec
ord
ed i
dea
s
Sh
aky
a g
ana
and
was
ak
shat
riy
a
Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6 [ 7
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Chap
ter
- 7
asho
ka, th
e em
pero
r who
gav
e up
war
Ash
oka
, T
he
Em
per
or
Who
Ga
ve
Up
Wa
r
Mo
st f
amo
us
Mau
ryan
ru
ler. To
ok
his
mes
sag
eto
peo
ple
th
rou
gh
insc
rip
tio
ns.
Co
asta
l O
riss
a
Ho
rrif
ied
wit
h
the
vio
len
ce
and
blo
od
shed
.
Gav
e u
p c
on
qu
est
afte
r
win
nin
g a
war
.
Sy
ria
Eg
yp
t
Gre
ece
Sri
Lan
ka
Insc
rib
ed o
n r
ock
s
and
pil
lars
.
Oh
amm
a M
aham
atta
Insp
ired
by
Bu
dd
ha
No
. per
form
ance
of
sacr
ific
e.Did
no
t in
vo
lve
wo
rsh
ip
of
a G
od
.
Mem
ber
s o
f th
e sa
me
fam
ily
bec
om
e
rule
rs o
ne
afte
r an
oth
er.
Ch
and
rag
up
ta M
aury
a
Ch
anak
ya
or
Kau
tily
a
Art
has
has
tra
Cap
ital
Pat
alip
utr
a
Taxi
la
Ujj
ain
Em
per
ors
nee
d m
ore
reso
urc
es t
han
kin
gs.
Em
pir
es a
re l
arg
er t
han
kin
gd
om
s.
Pro
tect
ed b
y b
ig a
rmie
s.
Lar
ge
nu
mb
er o
f o
ffic
ials
to c
oll
ect
taxe
s.
Far
mer
s
Her
der
s
Cra
fts
per
son
s
Trad
ers
Sp
ies
kep
tw
atch
on
off
icia
ls.
Co
ntr
oll
ed r
oad
s an
d r
iver
s.
No
rth
-wes
t fo
r b
lan
ket
s
So
uth
-In
dia
fo
r g
old
an
d p
reci
ou
s st
on
es.
Co
llec
ted
as
and
wh
en p
oss
ible
for
peo
ple
.How
are
emp
ires
dif
fere
nt
from
the
term
kin
gd
om
s?
8 ] Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6
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Chap
ter
- 8 v
ital
villa
ges
, th
riwing t
owns
Vit
al
Vil
lages,
Thriv
ing
Tow
ns
Ro
ws
of
po
ts o
r c
eram
icri
ng
s ar
ran
ged
on
e o
n t
op
of
oth
er.
Toil
ets
Dra
ins
Gar
bag
e d
um
ps
Sce
nes
of
peo
ple
s' l
ives
in t
ow
ns
and
vil
lag
es.
Rai
lin
gs
Pil
lars
Gat
eway
s
Fro
m a
cco
un
tso
f sa
ilo
rs a
nd
trav
eler
s.
Wri
tten
do
wn
and
pre
serv
ed b
yB
ud
dh
ist
mo
nk
sS
tori
es c
om
po
sed
by
ord
inar
y p
eop
le.
In u
se f
or
abo
ut
500
yea
rs.
Pu
nch
mar
ked
Sec
on
d c
apit
al o
f K
ush
anas
.
Ext
rem
ely
fin
e sc
ulp
ture
was
pro
du
ced
.
Rel
igio
us
cen
tre.
Lo
cate
d a
t th
e cr
oss
ro
ads
of
maj
or
trad
e ro
ute
s.
Set
tlem
ent
for
mo
re t
han
250
0 y
ears
.
Per
fum
er
Wea
ver
Go
ldsm
ith
s &
bla
cksm
ith
s
As
ban
ks
Pro
vid
ing
tra
inin
g
Pro
curi
ng
raw
mat
eria
ls
Dis
trib
uti
on
of
fin
ish
ed p
rod
uct
s
Cra
fts
per
son
s
Mer
chan
ts
No
rth
ern
bla
ck p
oli
shed
war
e (N
BP
W)
Dy
ein
g v
ats
Ro
man
lam
ps
Am
ph
ora
e
Sta
mp
ed r
ead
-gla
zed
Sh
ips
un
load
edg
oo
ds
Bet
wee
n 2
200
and
1900
yea
rs a
go
Co
asta
lse
ttle
men
t
Use
d a
rou
nd
300
0y
ears
ag
o.
Lar
ges
t co
llec
tio
n w
ere
fou
nd
in
meg
alit
hic
bu
rial
s.
Pro
cess
ing
use
.
Can
als
Wel
ls
Tan
ks
Art
ific
ial
lak
es
Mo
re c
erta
in c
rop
pro
du
ctio
n
Incr
ease
d r
even
ue
Lar
ge
lan
do
wn
ers
(vel
lala
r)
Ord
inar
y p
lou
gh
men
/ f
arm
ers
(uzh
avar
)
Lan
dle
ss l
abo
ure
s (K
adai
siy
ar)
Sla
ves
(A
dim
ai)
Vil
lag
e h
ead
man
(G
ram
a B
ho
jak
a)
Ind
epen
den
t fa
rmer
s (G
rih
apat
is)
Men
an
d w
om
en w
ith
ou
t la
nd
(Das
a an
d K
arm
akar
a)
Bla
cksm
ith
s
Po
tter
Car
pen
ter
Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6 [ 9
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Chap
ter
- 9
trad
ers, king
s a
nd p
ilgrims
Tra
ders,
Kin
gs a
nd
Pil
grim
sB
est-
kn
ow
n r
ule
r to
con
tro
l si
lk r
ou
tes.
Am
on
gst
th
e ea
rlie
st r
ule
rsto
iss
ue
go
ld c
oin
s.
Man
y p
eop
le c
oll
ecte
d t
axes
an
dp
aym
ents
on
th
e ro
ute
s.
Ch
ines
e ru
lers
sen
t g
ifts
of
silk
s.
Pat
hs
foll
ow
ed b
y C
hin
ese
peo
ple
wh
o w
ent
to d
ista
nt
lan
ds
wit
h s
ilk
. Raw
sil
k e
xtra
cted
fro
mco
coo
n o
f si
lk w
orm
s
Sp
un
in
to t
read
Wo
ven
in
to c
loth
Inv
ente
d i
n C
hin
a
Ko
rea A
sia Ch
ina
Bu
dd
ha
char
ita
Sta
tues
of
Bu
dd
ha
wer
e m
ade
slo
win
gh
is a
ttai
nm
ent
of
enli
gh
ten
men
t.
Bo
dh
isat
tvas
, to
hav
ep
erso
ns
sup
po
sed
to
hav
e at
tain
ed e
nli
gh
ten
men
t.
I–
Qin
g
Xu
an z
ang
Fax
ian
Men
an
d w
om
en
un
der
tak
e jo
urn
eys
to o
nly
pla
ces
Acc
ou
nts
of
thei
r jo
urn
ey
to d
iffe
ren
t co
un
trie
s an
d
mo
nas
teri
es.
A p
erso
n's
dev
oti
on
to
his
or
her
ch
ose
n d
eity
.
Th
e id
eas
of
bh
akti
is
pre
sen
t in
Bh
agav
ad G
ita
Co
mes
fro
m S
ansk
rit
term
'Bh
aj' m
ean
ing
'to
div
ide
or
shar
e'.
Dev
ote
e is
kn
ow
n a
s B
hak
ta.
Trav
elle
d t
o s
ell
thei
r g
oo
ds.
So
uth
In
dia
was
fam
ou
s fo
r g
old
and
sp
ices
.
Pep
per
was
kn
ow
n a
s b
lack
go
ld.
Trad
ers
exp
lore
d s
ever
al s
ea r
ou
tes.
Lo
ng
co
astl
ine
Hil
ls, p
late
aus
and
riv
ers
val
ley
s
Kav
eri
is t
he
mo
st f
erti
le
Ch
ola
s
Ch
eras
Pan
dy
as
Pu
har
or
kav
erip
atti
nam
Mad
ura
i
So
me
was
kep
t b
yth
e ch
iefs
.
Res
t d
istr
ibu
ted
to
th
eir
sup
po
rter
s.
A p
ow
erfu
l
dy
nas
ty i
n
wes
tern
In
dia
.
Gau
tam
ipu
tra
shri
sat
akar
ni
Ru
lers
wer
e k
no
wn
as
Dak
shin
apat
ha
10 ] Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6
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Chap
ter
- 10
new
emp
ires
and
kingdo
ms
New
Em
pir
es a
nd
Kin
gd
om
s
Har
shac
har
ita
Wri
tten
by
Ban
abh
atta
Kin
g o
fT
han
esar
Bec
om
e ru
ler
of
Kan
auji
aft
er h
isb
roth
er-i
n-l
aw d
ied
.
Pra
shas
ti o
f C
hal
uk
ya
rule
r P
ula
kes
hin
.
Ad
van
ce o
f H
arsh
a.
Aro
un
dth
e R
aich
ur
Do
ab.
Fro
m K
anch
ipu
ram
to K
aver
i D
elta
.
So
me
imp
ort
ant
adm
inis
trat
ive
po
sts
wer
e h
ered
itar
y.
So
met
imes
on
e p
erso
nh
eld
man
y o
ffic
es.
Imp
ort
ant
men
had
a s
ayin
lo
cal
adm
inis
trat
ion
.
Vil
lag
e re
mai
ned
bas
ic u
nit
of
adm
inis
trat
ion
.
Mil
itar
y l
ead
ers
wh
o p
rov
ided
the
kin
g w
ith
tro
op
s
Rec
eiv
ed g
ran
ts o
f la
nd
Trie
d t
o b
eco
me
ind
epen
den
tw
hen
ever
th
e ru
ler
was
wea
k
Ass
emb
ly o
f B
rah
min
lan
d o
wn
ers
Ur
Vil
lag
e as
sem
bly
Org
aniz
atio
n o
f m
erch
ants
Lo
ve
sto
ry o
f k
ing
Du
shy
anta
and
a y
ou
ng
wo
man
nam
edS
hak
un
tala
Kn
ow
n f
or
his
pla
ys
dep
icti
ng
lif
e in
th
ek
ing
's c
ou
rt
Co
mp
ose
d f
or
rule
rs.
In p
rais
e o
f.
kav
ya
by
Har
ish
ena
As
a w
arri
or
A k
ing
wh
o w
on
vic
tori
esin
bat
tle.
Lea
rned
an
d t
he
bes
t o
fp
oet
s.
Eq
ual
to
Go
ds.
Nin
e ru
lers
wh
o w
ere
up
roo
ted
and
th
eir
kin
gd
om
s m
ade
par
to
f S
amu
dra
gu
pta
's E
mp
ire.
Twel
ve
rule
rsw
ho
surr
end
ered
toS
am
ud
rag
up
taa
fte
rb
ein
gd
efea
ted
an
d w
ere
agai
n a
llo
wed
to r
ule
.
Bro
ug
ht
trib
ute
,fo
llo
wed
his
ord
ers
and
alt
end
ed h
isco
urt
.
Ru
ler
of
Sri
Lan
ka
sub
mit
ted
to
him
and
off
ered
dau
gh
ters
in
mar
riag
e.M
enti
on
sS
amu
dra
gu
pta
'san
cest
ors
an
dp
aren
ts.
Kal
idas
a th
e p
oet
Ary
abh
ata
the
astr
on
om
er.
Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6 [ 11
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Chap
ter
- 11 bu
ilding
s, pa
inting
s a
nd b
ooks
Bu
ild
ings,
Pa
inti
ngs
and
Books
Cav
es h
oll
ow
ed o
ut
of
the
hil
ls.
Mo
nas
teri
es f
or
the
Bu
dd
his
t m
on
ks.
Pai
nti
ng
s d
on
e is
th
e li
gh
t o
f to
rch
es.
Co
lou
rs m
ade
fro
m p
lan
ts a
nd
min
eral
s
Co
mp
ose
d b
y S
atta
nar
Ast
ory
of
the
dan
gh
teo
f k
ov
alan
an
d M
adh
avi
Co
mp
ose
d b
y l
lan
go
Ast
ory
of
Ko
va
lan
,K
ann
agi
and
Mad
hav
i.
Gra
nd
,lo
ng
com
po
siti
on
s,a
bo
ut
he
roic
me
na
nd
wo
men
, an
d i
ncl
ud
e st
ori
esab
ou
t g
od
s.
It m
ean
s o
ld.
Sto
ries
ab
ou
t g
od
san
d g
od
des
ses.
Acc
ou
nts
ab
ou
t th
e cr
eati
on
of
wo
rld
an
d a
bo
ut
kin
gs.
Wri
tten
in
San
skri
t.
Pan
chat
antr
a
Jata
kas
Wri
tten
by
Ary
abh
ata
Var
aham
ihir
a
Bra
hm
agu
pta
Bh
ask
arac
har
ya
InM
ahra
uli
,D
elh
iis
are
ma
rka
ble
exam
ple
of
the
skil
lo
fIn
dia
nc
raft
sp
erso
ns.
7.2
m h
igh
Wei
gh
t o
ver
3 t
on
nes
Mad
e ab
ou
t 15
00 y
ears
ag
o
It h
as n
ot
rust
ed
A m
ou
nd
Ro
un
d a
nd
tal
l
Big
an
d s
mal
l
Co
nta
ins
bo
dil
yre
mai
ns
of
the
Bu
dd
ha
or
his
fo
llo
wer
san
d t
he
thin
gs
they
use
d.
Pat
h l
aid
aro
un
d t
he
stu
pa
surr
ou
nd
ed w
ith
rai
lin
gs.
Bu
ild
ing
wer
eh
oll
ow
edo
ut
of
rock
to
mak
e ar
tifi
cial
cav
es.
Hin
du
tem
ple
wit
hd
eiti
essu
chas
Vis
hn
u, S
hiv
a an
d D
urg
a w
ere
mad
e.
Th
ero
om
wh
ere
the
imag
eo
f th
e ch
ief
dei
ty w
as p
lace
d.
Mar
ked
by
a S
hik
har
a.
An
cien
t In
dia
n m
etal
lurg
ists
mad
em
ajo
rco
ntr
ibu
tio
ns.
Har
app
ans
wer
e m
aste
r cr
afts
men
.
Firs
tG
oo
d q
ual
ity
sto
ne
fou
nd
ed, q
uar
ried
and
tran
spo
rted
toth
ep
lace
cho
sen
for
the
new
bu
ild
ing
.
Ro
ug
hb
lock
so
fst
on
esh
aped
and
carv
ed i
nto
pil
lars
, pan
els
for
wal
ls,
flo
ors
an
d c
eili
ng
s.
Pla
ced
in
to t
he
rig
ht
po
siti
on
.
12 ] Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6
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Chap
ter
- 12 t
he e
arth
in t
he s
ola
r sys
tem
The E
arth
in
The S
ola
r
Sy
ste
m
Eig
ht
pla
net
s
Mer
cury
Ven
us
Ear
th
Mar
s
Jup
iter
Sat
urn
Ven
us
Nep
tun
e
Th
e fi
ned
elo
ng
ated
pat
hs
inw
hic
hal
lth
ep
lan
ets
of
the
sola
rsy
ste
mm
ov
ear
ou
nd
th
e su
n.
Th
e sh
ape
of
the
eart
h w
hic
h i
ssl
igh
tly
fla
tten
ed a
t th
e p
ole
s
Fif
th l
arg
est
pla
net
Als
o k
no
wn
as
blu
e p
lan
et
Lif
e su
pp
ort
ing
co
nd
itio
ns
Nat
ura
l sa
tell
ite
of
the
eart
h
It's
dia
met
er i
s o
ne-
qu
arte
r
3, 8
4, 4
00 k
m a
way
fro
m e
arth
Mo
ves
aro
un
d t
he
eart
h i
n 2
7 d
ays
Nu
me
rou
sti
ny
bo
die
sth
at m
ov
e ar
ou
nd
th
e su
n
Mo
stly
fo
un
d b
etw
een
th
eo
rbit
so
fm
ars
and
Jup
iter
Bel
iev
ed t
o b
e p
arts
of
ap
lan
et m
any
yea
rs b
ack
Clu
ster
of
mil
lio
ns
of
star
s.
Sm
all
pie
ces
of
rock
s th
atm
ov
e ar
ou
nd
th
e su
n.
So
met
imes
th
eyco
me
nea
r th
eea
rth
an
d t
end
to d
rop
up
on
it.
Th
e su
n, t
he
mo
on
an
dal
l th
ose
ob
ject
s sh
inin
gin
th
e n
igh
t sk
y.
Big
an
d h
ot
cele
stia
l b
od
ies
mad
e u
p o
f g
ases
Th
ey h
ave
thei
r o
wn
hea
t an
d l
igh
t
Fu
ll m
oo
n n
igh
t.
New
mo
on
nig
ht.
Var
iou
s p
atte
rns
form
ed b
y d
iffe
ren
tg
rou
ps
of
star
s.
Th
e n
ort
h s
tar
and
alw
ays
rem
ain
in
the
sam
e p
osi
tio
n.
Su
n
Eig
ht
pla
net
s
Sat
elli
tes
and
oth
er c
eles
tial
bo
die
s
Ast
ero
ids
and
met
eoro
ids
It i
s ca
lled
th
e lo
wer
fam
ily
& t
he
sun
is
the
hea
d
Thesun
Cen
tre
of
the
sola
r sy
stem
Hu
ge
an
dm
ad
eu
po
f ex
trem
ely
hea
t g
ases
Pro
vid
esth
ep
ull
ing
forc
eth
at b
ind
s th
e so
lar
syst
em
Ab
ou
t 15
0 m
illi
on
km
s aw
ay f
rom
th
e ea
rth
.
Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6 [ 13
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Chap
ter
- 13 g
lobe
: la
titu
des a
nd l
ong
itud
es
Glo
be :
La
titu
des a
nd
Longit
ud
es
Th
e li
nes
nee
ded
to
fix
the
po
siti
on
of
a p
lace
alo
ng
wit
h l
atit
ud
e.
Pri
me
mer
idia
n
Mea
sure
d b
y t
he
mo
vem
ent
of
the
eart
h, a
nd
mo
on
an
d
the
pla
net
s.
Pri
me
mer
idia
n o
f G
reen
wic
h
Tim
e d
iffe
rs o
n d
iffe
ren
t m
erid
ian
s.
82 ½
° E
(82
° 30
E)
is s
tan
dar
dm
erid
ian
of
Ind
ia.
Sta
nd
ard
tim
e fo
r w
ho
le c
ou
ntr
y i
s
kn
ow
nas
Ind
ian
Sta
nd
ard
Tim
e
Globe
A t
rue
mo
del
of
the
eart
h
Axi
s
Nee
dle
fix
ed t
hro
ug
h t
he
glo
be
in
a ti
lted
man
ner
.
Eq
uat
or
Imag
inar
y l
ine
div
idin
g g
lob
e in
to
two
eq
ual
par
ts.
Par
alle
ls o
f la
titu
des
Tro
pic
of
Can
cer
Tro
pic
of
Cap
rico
rn
Arc
tic
Cir
cle
An
tarc
tic
Cir
cle
Ver
y c
old
Mo
der
ate
tem
per
atu
re
Rec
eiv
es m
axim
um
hea
t
90°W
120°
W15
0°W
180°
150°
E 120°
E
90°E
60°E
50°W
30°E
0°
30°W
No
rth
Po
le
Fri
gid
Zo
ne
No
rth
Tem
per
ate
Zo
ne
Tro
pic
of
Can
cer
Arc
tic
Cir
cle
Torr
idZ
on
eE
qu
at
or
Tro
pic
of
Cap
rico
rn
Fri
gid
Zo
ne
An
tarc
tic
Cir
cle
So
uth
Tem
per
ate
Zo
ne
66½
°N
23½
°N
0°N
23½
°S
66½
°S
Fri
gid
Zo
ne
No
rth
Tem
per
ate
Zo
ne
Tro
pic
of
Can
cer
Arc
tic
Cir
cle
Torr
idZ
on
eE
qu
at
or
Tro
pic
of
Cap
rico
rn
Fri
gid
Zo
ne
An
tarc
tic
Cir
cle
So
uth
Tem
per
ate
Zo
ne
66½
°N
23½
°N
0°N
23½
°S
66½
°S
14 ] Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6
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Chap
ter
- 14 m
otions
of
the
eart
h
Moti
ons
of
the
Ea
rth
365
day
s
Ev
ery
fo
urt
h y
ear,
Feb
ruar
y i
s o
f 29
day
s.E
llip
tica
l o
rbit
Eq
ual
day
s an
d e
qu
al n
igh
ts.
Lo
ng
er d
ays
and
sh
ort
er
nig
hts
.
Nig
hts
are
lo
ng
er t
han
the
day
s
Mo
vem
ent
of
the
eart
h o
n i
ts a
xis.
Mo
vem
ent
of
eart
h a
rou
nd
th
e su
n i
n a
fix
ed p
ath
or
orb
it.
Orb
ital
pla
ne
Day
an
d n
igh
t
Cir
cle
of
illu
min
atio
n
Ear
th d
ay
No
rth
Po
le
Th
e v
erti
cal
lin
efr
om
th
e ea
rth
'so
rbit
al p
lan
e
Th
e p
lan
eo
f th
e ea
rth
'so
rbit
So
uth
Po
le
Tro
pic
of
Can
cer
Eq
uat
or
66½
°
23½
°
Tro
pic
of
Cap
rico
rn
Axis
Eq
uat
or
Nor
thPo
le
Sou
thPo
le
Circle of illumination
Su
mm
er i
n t
he
No
rth
ern
Hem
isp
her
e
Win
ter
in t
he
No
rth
ern
Hem
isp
her
e
Win
ter
So
lsti
ce(2
2 D
ecem
ber
)
Su
mm
er i
n t
he
So
uth
ern
Hem
isp
her
e
Su
mm
er S
ols
tice
(21
Jun
e)
Win
ter
in t
he
So
uth
ern
Hem
isp
her
e
Eq
uin
ox
(23
Sep
tem
ber
)
SU
N
Au
tum
n
Au
tum
n
Eq
uin
ox
(21
Mar
ch)
Sp
rin
g N.P
.
Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6 [ 15
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Chap
ter
- 15 m
aps
Ma
ps
Ad
raw
ing
mai
nly
bas
edo
n
mem
ory
an
d s
po
t o
bse
rvat
ion
and
no
t to
sca
le
Dra
win
g d
raw
n t
o s
cale
Mo
un
tain
s
Pla
teau
s
Pla
ins
Riv
ers
Oce
ans
Cit
ies
Tow
ns
and
vil
lag
es
Co
un
trie
s an
d s
tate
s
Ro
ads
Rai
nfa
ll
Dis
trib
uti
on
of
fore
sts
Dis
trib
uti
on
of
ind
ust
ries
Sm
all
scal
e m
ap
Lar
ge
scal
e m
ap
No
rth
So
uth
Eas
t
Wes
t
No
rth
-eas
t (N
E)
So
uth
-eas
t (S
E)
So
uth
-wes
t (S
W)
No
rth
-wes
t (N
W)
Co
nv
enti
on
al s
ym
bo
lsN
NE
NW
EW
SW
S
SE
Rai
lway
Lin
e :
Bo
ard
gau
ge,
Met
re g
aug
e,R
ailw
ay s
tati
on
Ro
ads
: M
etal
led
, Un
met
alle
d
: I
nte
rnat
ion
al ,
Sta
te, D
istr
ict,
Riv
er, W
ell,
Tan
k, C
anal
, Bri
dg
e
Bo
un
dar
y
Tem
ple
, Ch
urc
h, M
osq
ue,
Ch
hat
ri
Po
st O
ffic
e, P
ost
& T
eleg
rap
h O
ffic
e, P
oli
ce S
tati
on
Set
tlem
ent,
Gra
vey
ard
Tree
s, G
rass
PO
, P
TO
, P
S
16 ] Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6
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Chap
ter
- 16 m
ajor
doma
ins o
f th
e ea
rth
Ma
jor
Dom
ain
s of
the
Ea
rth
Tro
po
sph
ere
Str
ato
sph
ere
Mes
osp
her
e
Th
erm
osp
her
e
Exo
sph
ere
Pla
nt
kin
gd
om
Asi
a
Eu
rop
e
No
rth
Am
eric
a
So
uth
Am
eric
a
Au
stra
lia
An
tarc
tica
Wav
es
Tid
es
Oce
an c
urr
ents
Pac
ific
oce
an
Atl
anti
c O
cean
Ind
ian
oce
an
So
uth
Oce
ans
Arc
tic
oce
an
An
imal
kin
gd
om
Afr
ica
Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6 [ 17
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Chap
ter
- 17 m
ajor
land
form
s
Ma
jor
La
nd
form
sPlateaus
Ele
vat
ed f
lat
lan
d
Tib
etan
Pla
teau
is t
he
hig
hes
t
Ric
h i
n m
iner
al r
eso
urc
es
Lar
ge
stre
tch
es o
f fl
at l
and
Ver
y f
erti
le
Eas
y c
on
stru
ctio
n o
f tr
ansp
ort
net
wo
rk
Bet
ter
liv
ing
co
nd
itio
ns
in p
lain
s
Dif
ficu
lt l
ife
in m
ou
nta
ino
us
area
s
Up
lift
men
t an
d s
ink
ing
of
eart
h's
su
rfac
e.
Wea
vin
g a
way
of
eart
h's
su
rfac
e.
Reb
uil
din
g o
f su
rfac
e.
Per
man
entl
y f
roze
n r
iver
s o
f ic
e.
Mo
un
tain
s ar
ran
ged
in
a l
ine
Fo
ld
Ho
rsts
Gra
ben
Vo
lcan
ic a
ctiv
ity
A v
olc
anic
Mo
un
tain
A B
lock
Mo
un
tain
Pla
teau
18 ] Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6
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Chap
ter
- 18 o
ur c
oun
try
- india
Our
Countr
y-
India
Terr
ito
ry o
f D
elh
i
Lak
shad
wee
p
Dam
an a
nd
Diu
Dad
ra a
nd
Nag
ar H
avel
i
Ch
and
igar
h
An
dam
an a
nd
Nic
ob
ar I
slan
ds
Pu
du
cher
ry Tela
ng
ana
Mah
aras
htr
a
Raj
asth
an
Mad
hy
a P
rad
esh
Tam
il N
adu
Jhar
kh
and
Kar
nat
aka
Jam
mu
an
d K
ash
mir
Ker
ala
Him
ach
al P
rad
esh
Sik
kim
Od
ish
aH
ary
ana
Nag
alan
d
Gu
jara
t
Man
ipu
r
Go
a
Meg
hal
aya
Ch
hat
tisg
arh
Miz
ora
m
Bih
ar
Pu
nja
b
Ass
am
Utt
ar P
rad
esh
Aru
nac
hal
Pra
des
hA
nd
hra
Pra
des
h
Trip
ura
Wes
t B
eng
al
Lo
cate
d i
n t
he
Ara
bia
n S
ea
Lo
cate
d t
he
Bay
of
Ben
gal
Th
e G
reat
In
dia
n D
eser
t
Th
e N
ort
her
nP
lain
s o
f In
dia
Wes
tern
Gh
ats
or
Sah
yad
ris
Eas
t G
hat
s
Sh
iwal
ik
Mid
dle
Him
alay
a o
r H
imac
hal
Gre
at H
imal
aya
or
Him
adri
Him
alay
as
Ara
bia
n S
ea
Bay
of
Ben
gal
Ind
ian
Oce
an
Tro
pic
of
Can
cer
(23°
30 N
)
8°4'
N a
nd
37°
6'N
lat
itu
des
68°7
'E a
nd
97°
25'E
lo
ng
itu
des
Bh
uta
n
Afg
han
ista
n
Pak
ista
n
Ch
ina
Nep
al
My
anm
ar
Ban
gla
des
h
Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6 [ 19
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Chap
ter
- 19 in
dia
: clima
te a
nd v
eget
ation
Ind
ia :
Cli
ma
te
and
Vegeta
tion
Nat
ura
l h
abit
at o
f w
ild
lif
e
Med
icin
al p
lan
ts a
nd
her
bs
Wo
od
fo
r fu
rnit
ure
an
d f
uel
.
Co
ntr
ol
soil
ero
sio
nA
bso
rb c
arb
on
dio
xid
eR
elea
se o
xyg
en
Bir
ds
fou
nd
Par
rots
Pig
eon
s
Gee
se
Bu
lbu
l, e
tc
Asi
atic
lio
ns
Ele
ph
ants
Mo
nk
ey
Wo
lf
Jack
al, e
tc
Pea
cock
Tig
er
Co
ld w
eath
er s
easo
n o
r w
inte
r
Ho
t w
eath
er s
easo
n o
r su
mm
er
So
uth
Wes
t m
on
soo
n s
easo
n o
r ra
iny
sea
son
Sea
son
of
Ret
reat
ing
Mo
nso
on
s o
r A
utu
mn
Lo
cati
on
Alt
itu
deD
ista
nce
fro
m t
he
sea
Rel
ief
Hea
vy
rai
nfa
ll
Ver
y d
ense
Mah
og
any
Eb
on
y
Ro
sew
oo
d
Sal
Teak
Pee
pal
Nee
m
Sh
ish
am
Cac
tus
Kh
air
Bab
oo
lK
eek
ar
Ch
ir
Pin
e
Deo
dar
Su
nd
ari
20 ] Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6
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Chap
ter
- 20
und
ersta
nding d
iver
sity
Und
erst
and
ing
Div
ersi
ty
A d
eser
t in
th
e m
ou
nta
ins.
Ver
y l
ittl
e ag
ricu
ltu
re p
oss
ible
.
Peo
ple
dep
end
on
met
tin
gsn
ow
fo
r d
rin
kin
g w
ater
.
Sh
eep
's a
nd
go
ats
are
kep
tb
y p
eop
le.
Peo
ple
eat
mea
t an
d m
ilk
pro
du
cts.
Bu
dd
his
t an
dp
op
ula
tio
nM
usl
imis
mo
stly
fo
un
d.
A s
tate
in
corn
er o
f In
dia
.th
e S
ou
th-w
est
Sea
on
on
e si
de
and
hil
ls o
n t
he
oth
er.
Sp
ices
lik
e p
epp
er, c
lov
es a
nd
card
amo
ms
are
gro
wn
.
Att
ract
ive
pla
ce f
or
trad
ers.
Rel
igio
ns
lik
e Ju
dai
sm, I
slam
, ch
rist
ian
ity,
Hin
du
ism
an
d B
ud
dh
ism
are
fo
un
d.
Peo
ple
eat
ric
e, f
ish
an
d v
eget
able
s.
Ind
ia's
nat
ion
al a
nth
em i
s al
so a
nex
pre
ssio
n o
f th
e u
nit
y o
f In
dia
.
Peo
ple
sh
ow
ed h
ow
th
ey w
ere
un
ited
ag
ain
st t
he
Bri
tish
.
Wo
men
an
d m
en f
rom
dif
fere
nt
cult
ura
l, r
elig
iou
s an
d r
egio
nal
bac
kg
rou
nd
s ca
me
tog
eth
er t
oo
pp
ose
du
rin
g B
riti
sh r
ule
.
Ind
ia's
div
ersi
ty i
s so
urc
e o
f it
s st
ren
gth
.
Two
bo
ys
fro
md
iffe
ren
t re
lig
iou
sb
ack
gro
un
ds.
Ho
w t
hey
met
and
fri
end
ship
dev
elo
ps
bet
wee
nth
em.
Dif
fere
nce
in
th
eir
lite
racy
sta
tus.
Dif
fere
nt
cult
ure
s an
d c
ust
om
s.
Dif
fere
nt
kin
ds
of
foo
d t
o e
at.
Dif
fere
nt
fest
ival
s to
cel
ebra
te.
A v
arie
ty o
f cl
oth
es t
o w
ear.
Dif
fere
nt
lan
gu
ages
to
lea
rn.
Mo
vem
ent
fro
m o
ne
pla
ce t
o o
ther
in
sea
rch
of
foo
d a
nd
sh
elte
r.
Peo
ple
car
ried
th
eir
cult
ure
wit
h t
hem
.
Dif
fere
nt
cult
ure
s
go
t m
ined
.
Peo
ple
ad
apt
acco
rdin
g
to t
he
geo
gra
ph
ical
are
as
in w
hic
h t
hey
liv
e.
Dif
fere
nt
kin
ds
of
wo
rk d
on
e b
y
peo
ple
.
Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6 [ 21
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Chap
ter
- 21 d
iver
sity
and
discr
iminat
ion
Div
ersi
ty
and
Dis
crim
ina
tion
Dif
fere
nt
reli
gio
ns
Dif
fere
nt
cust
om
so
r p
ract
ices
.
Eco
no
mic
bac
kg
rou
nd
s.
Pu
ttin
g o
ther
peo
ple
do
wn
.
No
t ta
kin
g p
art
in c
erta
in
acti
vit
ies.
No
t al
low
ed t
o t
ake
up
jo
bs.
No
t al
low
ed t
o l
ive
in c
erta
in n
eig
hb
ou
rho
od
s.
Hap
pen
s w
hen
peo
ple
act
on
thei
r p
reju
dic
es o
r st
ereo
typ
es.
Pic
kin
g g
arb
age
Cu
ttin
g h
air
Was
hin
g
Cle
anin
g
Top
of
the
lad
der
is u
pp
er c
aste
.
Bo
tto
m o
f th
e la
dd
eris
un
tou
chab
les.
Dr.
Bh
imra
o A
mb
edk
ar b
est
kn
ow
n D
alit
lea
der
.
All
peo
ple
are
eq
ual
un
tou
chab
ilit
y i
s a
crim
e.
Fre
edo
m t
o c
ho
ose
an
y
kin
d o
f w
ork
.
Res
pec
t fo
r d
iver
sity
.
Pea
san
ts w
ante
d f
reed
om
fro
m g
rou
p o
fm
on
eyle
nd
ers.
Wo
men
dem
and
ed r
igh
t to
ed
uca
tio
n.
Dal
its
wan
ted
en
try
in
to t
emp
les.
Str
ug
gle
fo
r fr
eed
om
fro
m B
riti
sh r
ule
.
Wh
at w
e ea
t
Lan
gu
age
we
spea
k
Wh
at w
e w
ear
Th
e g
ames
we
pla
y
Th
e th
ing
s w
e ce
leb
rate
8 m
ajo
r re
lig
ion
s
Mo
re t
han
160
0 la
ng
uag
es
that
are
peo
ple
's m
oth
er
ton
gu
es.
Mo
re t
han
a 1
00 d
ance
fo
rms.
To j
ud
ge
oth
er p
eop
le
neg
ativ
ely
or
see
them
as i
nfe
rio
r.
Peo
ple
's r
elig
iou
s b
elie
fs.
Co
lou
r o
f th
e sk
in.
Reg
ion
peo
ple
co
me
fro
m
Fix
ing
peo
ple
in
to o
ne
imag
e.
Do
esn
't cr
y
Ph
ysi
call
y s
tro
ng
Ro
wd
y
So
ft s
po
ken
an
d g
entl
e.
Go
od
at
coo
kin
g
Em
oti
on
al
22 ] Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6
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Chap
ter
- 22
wha
t is g
ove
rnme
nt ?
Wha
t is
Gover
nm
ent
?M
on
arch
(k
ing
or
qu
een
)
has
th
e p
ow
er t
o r
un
th
e
go
ver
nm
ent.
May
hav
e a
smal
l
gro
up
of
peo
ple
to
dis
cuss
mat
ters
wit
h.
No
exp
lan
atio
n o
f
acti
on
s re
qu
ired
.
No
def
end
ing
of
dec
isio
ns
mad
e.
Peo
ple
giv
e p
ow
er
to g
ov
ern
men
t.
Peo
ple
ch
oo
se t
he
rep
rese
nta
tiv
es
thro
ug
h e
lect
ion
.
Go
ver
nm
ent
has
to
exp
lain
its
act
ion
s.
Go
ver
nm
ent
has
to
def
end
its
dec
isio
ns.
Bef
ore
in
dep
end
ence
, on
ly
smal
l m
ino
rity
was
all
ow
ed
to v
ote
.
Un
iver
sal
adu
lt f
ran
chis
e is
pre
sen
t.
Peo
ple
par
tici
pat
e th
rou
gh
thei
r re
pre
sen
tati
ves
.
Ref
erre
d t
o a
s re
pre
sen
tati
ve
dem
ocr
acie
s.
Peo
ple
hav
e th
e p
ow
er t
o e
lect
th
eir
lead
ers.
To m
ake
dec
isio
ns
abo
ut
the
cou
ntr
y
To g
et t
hin
gs
do
ne
To t
ake
acti
on
s o
n t
he
soci
al i
ssu
es
Ru
nn
ing
tra
nsp
ort
ser
vic
es
To p
rote
ct b
ou
nd
arie
s o
f th
e co
un
try
To m
ain
tain
pea
cefu
l re
lati
on
s w
ith
oth
er
cou
ntr
ies
To o
rgan
ise
aid
an
dfo
r p
eop
leas
sist
ance
du
rin
g n
atu
ral
dis
aste
r.
Vil
lag
e
Tow
n o
r lo
cali
ty
Co
ver
s an
en
tire
stat
e
En
tire
co
un
try
Ev
ery
on
e w
ho
liv
es i
n t
he
cou
ntr
y, n
eed
to f
oll
ow
th
e la
ws
Po
wer
to
mak
e d
ecis
ion
s
Po
wer
to
en
forc
e it
s d
ecis
ion
s
Peo
ple
can
tak
e ac
tio
ns
if a
ny
law
is
no
t
bei
ng
fo
llo
wed
Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6 [ 23
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Chap
ter
- 23
key
ele
ment
s o
f th
e de
mocr
atic g
ove
rnme
nt
Key
Ele
men
ts
of
the
Dem
ocr
atic
Gover
nm
ent
Peo
ple
of
dif
fere
nt
cult
ure
s, r
elig
ion
s,
reg
ion
s o
r ec
on
om
ic b
ack
gro
un
ds
do
no
t g
et a
lon
g w
ith
eac
h o
ther
.
Rel
igio
us
pro
cess
ion
s
and
cel
ebra
tio
ns
can
lead
to
co
nfl
icts
.
Riv
ers
can
bec
om
e a
sou
rce
of
con
flic
t
bet
wee
n s
tate
s.
Go
ver
nm
ent
is r
esp
on
sib
lefo
r re
solv
ing
co
nfl
icts
.
Bo
th a
re i
nse
par
able
Pra
ctic
e o
f u
nto
uch
abil
ity
is b
ann
ed.
Go
ver
nm
ent
mak
es s
pec
ial
pro
vis
ion
s fo
r u
neq
ual
gro
up
s.
Go
ver
nm
ent
enab
le g
irls
to
ov
erco
me
inju
stic
e b
y m
akin
g s
pec
ial
pro
vis
ion
s fo
r th
em.
Sep
arat
ion
on
th
e b
asis
of
race
.P
ract
iced
in
So
uth
Afr
ica.
Peo
ple
of
dif
fere
nt
race
s w
ere
no
t al
low
ed t
o
min
gle
wit
h e
ach
oth
er.
Afr
ican
Nat
ion
al C
on
gre
ss a
nd
Nel
son
Man
del
afo
ug
ht
agai
nst
th
is s
yst
em.
So
uth
Afr
ica
bec
ame
a d
emo
crat
ic c
ou
ntr
y i
n 1
994.
Lea
der
s k
eep
in
min
d t
he
vo
ices
and
in
tere
sts
of
the
peo
ple
.
Go
ver
nm
ent
are
elec
ted
fo
r fi
xed
per
iod
s.
In I
nd
ia, t
his
per
iod
is
fiv
e y
ears
.
Po
wer
of
go
ver
nm
ent
get
s li
mit
ed b
y
reg
ula
r el
ecti
on
s.
Dh
arn
as
Ral
lies
Str
ikes
Tele
vis
ion
Sig
nat
ure
cam
pai
gn
s
New
spap
er
By
tak
ing
an
in
tere
st
in t
he
wo
rkin
g o
f th
e
go
ver
nm
ent
By
cri
tici
zin
g g
ov
ern
men
t
wh
en r
equ
ired
.
By
org
aniz
ing
th
emse
lves
into
so
cial
mo
vem
ents
.
24 ] Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6
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Chap
ter
- 24
pan
chay
ati r
aj
Pa
nch
ay
ati
Ra
j
Co
llec
tio
n o
f ta
xes
on
ho
use
s, m
ark
et p
lace
s, e
tc
Go
ver
nm
ent
sch
eme
fun
ds
rece
ived
th
rou
gh
var
iou
sd
epar
tmen
tso
fth
eg
ov
ern
men
t
Do
nat
ion
fo
r co
mm
un
ity
wo
rks,
etc
Th
ree
leve
lso
fP
anch
ayat
s
Th
e P
anch
s an
d t
he
gra
m P
anch
ayat
are
answ
erab
leto
the
Gra
mS
abh
a
Jan
pad
Pan
chay
at o
r th
eP
anch
ayat
sam
iti
Ith
asm
any
gra
mP
anch
ayat
su
nd
er i
t
Mak
esd
evel
op
men
tal
pla
ns
atth
ed
istr
ict
lev
el, a
lso
reg
ula
tes
mo
ney
dis
trib
uti
on
amo
ng
all
the
Gra
mP
anch
ayat
s
It i
s a
mee
tin
g o
f al
l ad
ult
s w
ho
liv
e
in t
he
area
co
ver
ed b
y a
Pan
chay
at
Sar
pan
chs
Mem
bers
of
the
Pan
chay
atG
ram
Pan
chay
at i
s el
ecte
d f
or
fiv
e y
ears
.
Gra
mP
an
cha
ya
tS
ecr
eta
ryis
resp
on
sib
le f
or
call
ing
Gra
m S
abh
a
Mee
ts r
egu
larl
y
Imp
lem
ent
dev
elo
pm
ent
pro
gra
mm
es
for
all
vil
lag
esth
atco
me
un
der
it.
W
ork
Co
nst
ruct
ion
an
d m
ain
ten
ance
of
wat
erso
urc
es,
road
s,d
rain
age
sch
oo
lb
uil
din
gs
an
do
the
rco
mm
on
pro
per
ty r
eso
urc
es.
Lev
yin
g a
nd
co
llec
tin
g l
oca
l ta
xes.
Exe
cuti
ng
go
ver
nm
ent
sch
emes
rela
ted
to g
ener
atin
g e
mp
loy
men
t in
th
e v
illa
ge.
Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6 [ 25
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Chap
ter
- 25
rur
al a
dministr
ation
Ru
ra
l
dm
inis
tra
tion
A
Rev
enu
e o
ffic
ers
are
kn
ow
n a
s Te
hsi
ldar
s
At
the
hea
d i
s th
e d
istr
ict
coll
ecto
r
Talu
ka
Teh
isl
Org
aniz
ing
th
e co
llec
tio
n o
f
lan
dre
ven
ue
fro
mfa
rmer
s.
Pro
vid
ing
in
form
atio
n t
o t
he
go
ver
nm
ent
abo
ut
the
cro
ps
gro
wn
in
a a
rea
Lek
hp
al
Kan
un
go
Kar
amch
ari V
illa
ge
off
icer
Mea
suri
ng
lan
dan
dk
eep
ing
lan
d r
eco
rds
isth
em
ain
wo
rko
fP
atw
ari
So
ns,
dau
gh
ters
an
d t
hei
r m
oth
ers
can
get
aneq
ual
shar
ein
the
lan
d.
Hin
du
Su
cces
sio
n A
men
dm
ent
Act
, 200
5
Ev
ery
po
lice
stat
ion
has
an
that
co
mes
un
der
its
co
ntr
ol.
It i
s re
spo
nsi
bil
ity
of
the
po
lice
to
in
ves
tig
ate
and
tak
e ac
tio
ns
on
th
e ca
ses
wit
hin
its
are
a
Th
ew
ork
atth
e
po
lice
stat
ion
Per
son
inch
arg
eis
kn
ow
nas
stat
ion
ho
use
s o
ffic
er o
r S
.H.O
.
26 ] Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6
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Chap
ter
- 26
urb
an a
dministr
ation
Urb
an
dm
inis
tra
tion
A
Gar
bag
e co
llec
tio
n d
epar
tmen
t
Dep
artm
ent
to l
oo
k a
fter
gar
den
s
Ro
ads
dep
artm
ent
San
itat
ion
dep
artm
ent
Gar
bag
e n
ot
coll
ecte
dfr
om
lo
cali
ty
Lea
dto
the
coll
ecti
on
of
gar
bag
e w
ith
in f
ew d
ays
Ke
ep
two
du
stb
ins
at
ho
me
to c
oll
ect
all
gar
bag
e
Tak
ing
car
e o
f st
reet
lig
hts
.
Gar
bag
e co
llec
tio
n
Mai
nta
inin
g w
ater
su
pp
ly
Kee
pin
g t
he
stre
ets
and
mar
ket
s cl
ean
.
En
suri
ng
th
at d
isea
ses
do
no
t b
reak
ou
t in
th
e ci
ty
Ru
nn
ing
sch
oo
ls, h
osp
ital
s an
d d
isp
ensa
ries
.
Mak
ing
an
d m
ain
tain
ing
gar
den
s.
It i
s k
no
wn
as
Mu
nic
ipal
Co
un
cil
in
sm
alle
r to
wn
s
A c
ity
is
div
ided
in
to d
iffe
ren
t w
ard
s
War
d c
ou
nci
lors
are
ele
cted
fo
r th
em.
Wh
ere
an
ewp
ark
or
an
ew h
osp
ital
sh
ou
ld g
o
Wat
er s
up
ply
Gar
bag
e co
llec
tio
n
Str
eet
lig
hti
ng
Th
e C
om
mis
sio
ner
an
d t
he
adm
inis
trat
ive
staf
f im
ple
men
ts t
he
dec
isio
ns
Co
mm
issi
on
er a
nd
th
e ad
min
istr
ativ
e st
aff
are
app
oin
ted
.
Pro
ced
ure
of
dec
isio
ns
mak
ing
War
dC
ou
nci
lors
mee
tan
dm
ake
a b
ud
get
an
d t
he
mo
ney
is s
pen
t ac
cord
ing
to
it
Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6 [ 27
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Chap
ter
- 27
rur
al l
ivel
ihoods
Ru
ra
l
Liv
eli
hood
s
Du
e to
maj
or
cro
p f
ailu
re
Du
e to
in
suff
icie
nt
mo
nso
on
Hav
e to
bo
rro
w m
ore
mo
ney
So
me
farm
ers
co
mm
itsu
icid
ew
hen
th
ey a
re n
ot
able
to
pay
co
mes
Two
ou
to
fev
ery
fiv
eru
ral
fam
ilie
s ar
e a
gri
cult
ure
lab
ou
rer
Th
ey w
ork
on
oth
er p
eop
le's
fie
lds
Man
y o
f th
em a
re l
and
less
So
me
ow
n v
ery
sm
all
plo
ts o
f la
nd
Man
yp
eop
leal
sod
epen
du
po
n c
oll
ecti
on
fro
m f
ore
st,
anim
al h
usb
and
ry e
tc
No
n-f
arm
act
ivit
ies
So
me
wo
rk a
s la
db
ou
rers
So
me
gro
up
th
eir
ow
n c
rop
s
Do
no
t fi
nd
en
ou
gh
wo
rkto
kee
pth
emem
plo
yed
thro
ug
ho
ut
the
yea
r
Har
ves
tin
g o
f cr
op
Wee
din
g
So
win
g
Pre
par
ing
th
e la
nd
Sit
uat
ed n
ear
sea
coas
t in
Tam
il N
adu
No
n-f
arm
wo
rks
Mak
ing
bas
ket
s
Ute
nsi
ls m
akin
g
Po
ts m
akin
g
Bri
cks
mak
ing
Mak
ing
bu
llo
ck–
cart
s
Bla
cksm
ith
s
Nu
rses
Teac
her
s
Was
her
men
Wea
ver
s
Cy
cle
rep
air
mer
chan
ts e
tc
Su
rro
un
ded
by
lo
w h
ills P
add
y i
s th
em
ain
cro
p g
row
n
Co
con
ut
gro
ves
and
man
go
orc
har
ds
Co
tto
n, s
ug
ar c
ane
are
also
gro
wn
28 ] Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, SOCIAL SCIENCE, Class – 6
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Chap
ter
- 28
urb
an l
ivel
ihoods
Urba
n
Liv
eli
hood
s
Lab
ou
rC
ho
wk
Ap
lace
wh
ere
ala
rge
nu
mb
ero
fd
aily
wag
ela
bo
urs
wai
t fo
r o
ther
s
It i
s fu
ll o
f sm
all
wo
rksh
op
s
Th
eyco
me
asan
dw
hen
req
uir
ed b
y t
he
emp
loy
er
No
jo
b s
ecu
rity
fo
r w
ork
ers
Wo
rker
sar
eas
ked
tole
ave
the
job
if
they
ask
fo
r m
ore
mo
ney
In a
n a
rea
surr
ou
nd
ed b
y t
all
bu
ild
ing
s
Reg
ula
r sa
lary
ev
ery
mo
nth
Per
man
ent
wo
rker
s
Sav
ing
s fo
r o
ld a
ge
Ho
lid
ays
Med
ical
fac
ilit
ies
Th
e v
eget
able
ven
do
r w
as a
rran
gin
g
her
veg
etab
les
in t
he
bas
ket
A s
tall
of
lov
ely
an
d c
olo
urf
ul
flo
wer
s
A n
ewsp
aper
sel
ler
Veh
icle
s w
hiz
zed
pas
t th
e ro
ad
A c
ob
ble
r an
d a
ro
adsi
de
bar
ber
Th
ese
peo
ple
wo
rk o
n t
hei
r o
wn
an
d
are
no
t em
plo
yed
by
an
yo
ne
Th
ey h
ave
to p
lan
ho
w m
uch
to
pu
rch
ase
and
wh
ere
and
ho
w t
o s
et u
p t
hei
r sh
op
s
Th
ere
are
alm
ost
on
e cr
ore
'str
eet
ven
do
rs' i
n t
he
cou
ntr
yIn
the
Mar
ket
Sw
eets
Toy
s
Clo
thes
Fo
otw
ear
Ute
nsi
lsE
lect
ron
ic g
oo
ds
A d
enta
l cl
inic