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• NY Higher-Order Thinking and Reading Skills Long reading passages with higher-order thinking questions

• NY Listening Literary and informational listening passages (read by the teacher) with multiple-choice and extended-response questions

• NY Grammar, Punctuation, & Word Usage Skill review and multiple-choice practice assessments and extended-response questions

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GRAMMAR, PUNCTUATION, AND WORD USAGE • LEVEL E

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Table of Contents

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Part A: Review

PunctuationLessons 1–4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Grammar and Word UsageLessons 1–7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Part B: Multiple-Choice Practice

Session 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

Session 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

Session 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42

Part C: Practice for the NY ELA Test

Strand by Strand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48The Elements of a Complete Sentence . . . . . . . . . . . .48Subject-Verb Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50Capitalization and Punctuation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52Combining of Sentences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54Separation of Sentences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56

All Together . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58


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Introduction

Test Success Series: Grammar, Punctuation & Word Usage prepares students to answerthe multiple-choice questions assessing grammar, punctuation, and word usage onthe NY ELA Tests.

Part A

In Part A, you will complete lessons in grammar, punctuation, and word usage. At the end of each set of lessons you will complete a review.

Part B

In Part B, you will read passages with embedded errors. Students then answermultiple-choice questions to indicate appropriate corrections.

Part C

In Part C, Strand by Strand covers each of the five strands individually. For eachstrand, students answer five multiple-choice questions testing the skill.

All Together covers all of the strands together. Section 2 contains ten questions for each of the strands, but the questions are mixed together. Students answer 50 multiple-choice questions testing all of the skills needed for the writingmechanics section of the NY ELA Tests.

Part C only includes multiple-choice questions. Each question offers four possibleanswer choices. Students should review the questions and four choices carefullyand select the answer they think is best. There is no penalty for guessing, so evenif students are not certain of the correct answer, they should always pick one.


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Part APunctuation Lessons

Grammar and Word Usage Lessons


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PunctuationLesson 1

Step One: Instruction

Periods

End most sentences with a period.

For example: The school day will start late because it is still snowing.Many fifth graders earn an allowance for helping around the house.

Use a period to abbreviate titles, months, days of the week, times of day, and units of measure.

For example: Ms. Mr. Feb. Tues. a.m. p.m. tsp. oz.

Question Marks

End a sentence that asks a question with a question mark.

For example: Have you written tonight’s homework in your notebook?Can you tell me what time it is?

Exclamation Points

Some sentences show strong feelings or surprise. End these sentences with anexclamation point.

For example: That horror movie was too scary for my little sister!Wow, I didn’t know Miguel was having a party!


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Step Two: Practice

DirectionsLook at the following sentences. If the sentence is punctuated correctly, writeOK beside the sentence. If it is not correct, draw a line through each mistake.Then write the correction above it. The first one has been done for you.

1. That’s wonderful.

2. What is your favorite website?

3. All my classmates want to take a field trip to the city?

4. Gayle’s father, Mr Feldman, drove us on the field trip.

5. I added a tsp of sugar to the recipe.

6. Will you be able to help me shop for a new suit?

7. Wow, that was a really hard test.

8. Did she arrive at 8 pm like she promised?

9. Angelina saw the movie on Feb 10, 2005.

10. The teacher explained the math problem, but I still do

not understand?


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PunctuationLesson 2


Commas – Part I

Follow words that are exclamations with a comma. You can add a word to thebeginning of a sentence to show a feeling, like surprise. These words are oftencalled an exclamation.

For example: Wow, I was really tired!Yes, I would like to go shopping.

Separate phrases with a comma. Writers sometimes add a group of words beforethe sentence to make their writing more interesting. These words are known as phrases.

For example: During the storm, we stayed in the car.Before the test, we cleaned our desks and sharpened our pencils.

Use a comma before and after a word or phrase that renames or gives moreinformation about a noun. A noun is a person, place, or thing.

For example: The mayor, Mr. Herman, visited our school.In our city, Chicago, we have one of the tallest buildings in the world.

Use a comma to separate a direct quotation from the person who is speaking.

For example: “I asked you to mop the floor,” Dad said.Elizabeth asked, “Where is the pencil sharpener?”


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Step Two: Practice


1. Wow, that test was tough! OK

2. Our village Mount Rose has very nice parks.

3. Kevin said “I already studied my notes.”

4. Please, let’s have some quiet now.

5. The school tennis coach Mrs. Lenner played a game that was

shown on television.

6. After summer we will return to school.

7. Yikes that was a bear!

8. During the play I was thinking about my friend.

9. Wait don’t forget your homework!

10. “My favorite author is J.K. Rowling” Mark said.


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PunctuationLesson 3


Commas – Part II

End the greeting and closing of a letter with a comma.

For example: Dear Uncle Carlos,

Please visit us soon. We miss you!

Love,Rebecca

Use a comma to separate the date from the year.

For example: February 12, 1999

Use a comma to separate cities from states.

For example: Dallas, Texas

Use a comma to separate cities from countries.

For example: London, England

If there are three or more words in a series, separate each word with a comma.

For example: My brother can drive, walk, or bike to work.

Use a comma to separate two or more adjectives used in a row. Adjectives arewords that are used to describe nouns.

For example: The street fair was a colorful, crowded place.

Use a comma and a connecting word to put two sentences together. Thesesentences are known as compound sentences. You must follow the first sentencewith the comma and the connecting word.

For example: I wanted to feed the cat, but I could not find her.


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Step Two: Practice


1. We are going to take a vacation in Athens Greece.

2. During the summer, my favorite fruits are cherries,

blueberries, and melons.

3. My teacher is planning a long hard test for us.

4. I will study for the test, but I also want to finish reading

my new exciting book.

5. Scott Julio and Janice went to the library to study.

6. The small old map included every state.

7. The play is scheduled to start on May 1 2006.

8. When did you live in Nome Alaska?

9. Some people have no children and some have more than one.

10. We can choose from three movies: a drama, a musical,

and a comedy.


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PunctuationLesson 4


Apostrophes

Use an apostrophe to form a contraction. A contraction is formed when you puttwo words together. The contraction takes the place of the missing letters.

For example: has not = hasn’tThe apostrophe takes the place of the missing “o.”

he will = he’llThe apostrophe takes the place of the missing “w” and “i.”

Add an apostrophe plus an “s” to show possession. Possessive nouns showownership of a person, place, or thing.

For example: The piano belongs to Marcie.Marcie’s piano is large and brown.

The book belongs to Randy.The teacher told me to borrow Randy’s book.

To show that more than one person owns something, put the apostrophe after theletter “s.”

For example: Her sisters’ names were Sherri, Terri, and Mary.The stores’ hours are 10 a.m. to 6 p.m.

Quotation Marks

Use quotation marks before and after a direct quote. When ending a sentence witha quotation mark, put the period inside the quotation mark.

For example: Joy said, "It's too rainy to go to the park."


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STEP ONE: INSTRUCTION

Question marks should be placed outside the quotation mark except when thequestion mark is part of the quoted matter.

For example: Have you read the poem “Where the Sidewalk Ends”?

Janie asked the principal "What time does the pep rally begin?"

Exclamation points should be placed outside the quotation mark except when theexclamation point is part of the quoted matter.

For example: I was so surprised when she said, “I have to leave early”!

“But I want to play outside!” said Tony.

Use quotation marks around the titles of songs, works of art, articles, and poems.

For example: We sing the “The Star-Spangled Banner” each morning at school.

“Starry, Starry Night“ is just one of the many paintings in themuseum.

I read “Seven Ways to Get a Good Night’s Sleep” in the newspaper.

“The Midnight Ride of Paul Revere” is his favorite poem.

Hyphens

Use a hyphen to spell out fractions or numbers greater than 20.

For example: �12

� = one-half

33 = thirty-three

174 = one hundred seventy-four

Colons

When writing the time, use a colon to separate the hour from the minutes.

For example: School usually starts at 7:30 a.m., but it will start at 11:50 a.m. today.


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Step Two: Practice


1. Trence said, “I don’t want to go to the movies.” OK

2. “But I do”! Jack said.

3. Theyll have to compromise.

4. Debbie realized she only had onehalf of the ingredients

she needed to bake a cake.

5. She decided to go for a walk today at 1015 a.m.

6. The teacher asked everyone to read the article called How to

Study.

7. The Japanese students name was beautiful.

8. Is The Itsy-Bitsy Spider a song or a poem?

9. They’re going to the museum to study the painting.

10. Her aunts names are Linda, Lillian, and Lucy.


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Grammar & Word UsageLesson 1


Subject-Verb Agreement

When you use a singular subject, use the singular form of the verb that goes withit. To make the verb singular, you will usually add an “s” to the end of it.

For example: Elizabeth plays the game well.

When you use two or more subjects, use the plural form of the verb that goes withthem. To do that, you will usually omit an “s” from the end of the verb.

For example: The girls play the game well.Elizabeth and Amy play the game well.

Note that the word “you” is an exception to this rule. “You” can be singular orplural, but always use a plural verb with it.

For example: You play the game well, too.

Some verbs, such as “am,” “has,” and “was,” change form when they are plural.

For example: I am a good student.They are good students.He has good grades.They have good grades.She was the top student.They were the top students.


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Step Two: Practice

DirectionsLook at the following sentences. If the sentence uses correct grammar, write OKbeside the sentence. If it is not correct, draw a line through each mistake. Thenwrite the correction above it. The first one has been done for you.

1. Sara and Sandra hashave

gone to Brazil for vacation.

2. They was not happy about it!

3. You swims in the pool during the summer, not the winter.

4. The basketball players are in the gym.

5. I am a good singer.

6. He tell a good joke.

7. Juanita run a mile everyday.

8. Sheila and Sonya cuts their hair every Saturday.

9. You should sleeps for 8 hours a night.

10. We hope to be let out of school early today.


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Verb Tense

If you are writing about an event that is happening now, use the present tense of the verb.

For example: My little sister plays with her dolls.

If you are writing about an event that has already happened, use the past tense ofthe verb. To make most verbs past tense, add “ed” to the end of the verb.

For example: My little sister played with her dolls yesterday.

When using some verbs in the past tense, double the last letter before adding “ed.”

For example: Now they stop by only once a week, but last month they stopped by every day.

Note that some verbs are irregular and change form completely to make the past tense.

For example: Today I can take just a hat, but yesterday I took an umbrella.I think I need only a hat today, but yesterday I thought Ineeded an umbrella.

To, Too and Two

Use the correct form of the word “to.”“To” shows movement toward someone or something.“Too” means also.“Two” is the number 2.

For example: Let’s go to the ballgame today.Are you coming too?My bike has two wheels.


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Step Two: Practice


1. Yesterday, she savesaved

money at the store.

2. Last month, Tim stop the newspaper delivery.

3. I will go too the mall this afternoon.

4. She pop her tooth right out of her mouth!

5. I called and ordered a pizza.

6. The two of us will have a good time at the museum.

7. The rabbit hop out from under the house.

8. The bird fly over our garden and landed on a tree.

9. My dog runs faster than my brother.

10. Sara cook dinner for me on my birthday.


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Comparative Forms of Adjectives

To compare two people, places, or things, add the letters “er” to the end of theadjective if the adjective has one syllable.

For example: Jack can jump higher than Jill.

When you compare two people, places, or things, use the word “more” with theadjective if the adjective has three or more syllables.

For example: Jill is more interested in sports than Jack.

When you compare three or more people, places, or things, add the letters “est” tothe end of the adjective if the adjective has one syllable.

For example: That’s the smallest size they have!

When you compare three or more people, places, or things, use the word “most”with the adjective if the adjective has three or more syllables.

For example: That coat is the most expensive coat in the store.

Pronouns

A pronoun takes the place of a noun (a person, place, or thing). If the originalnoun is singular, the pronoun must be singular. If the original noun is plural, thepronoun must be plural.

For example: Anjani is my friend, and she was born in India.Gaspar and Tom are my best friends, and they live on my block.

Use the correct form of the pronoun “it.”“Its” is the possessive form of “it.”“It’s” is the contraction of “it is.”

For example: It’s going to be a long day.Its hair is short and brown.


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Their, There and They’re

Use the correct form of the word “their.”“Their” is a possessive pronoun.“There” is a place.“They’re” is the contraction of “they are.”

For example: Their coats and jackets are hanging on the wall.Let’s move over there.They’re going to meet us at the movies.

Step Two: Practice


1. The blue house is largerlarge than the red one.

2. The young horse is more strong than the old one.

3. Her ideas are the most outrageous ones in the class.

4. Steve can exercise longer than Andrew.

5. His aunt was the youngest woman in the room that night.

6. It’s going to take us four hours to get to Boston.

7. Her computer was fast than his laptop.

8. That clock has the loudest alarm I’ve ever heard.

9. He was the smarter student the teacher had even known.

10. Loretta and Michelle are sisters, and she share a room.


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Capitalize the first word of a sentence.

For example: Did you complete your homework assignment?Come over tonight and play basketball!

Capitalize the greeting of a letter (also known as the salutation).Capitalize the closing of a letter.

For example: Dear Kathy,

I’m very eager to plan our next vacation to Pittsburgh. As wediscussed, we’ll travel by bus and stay for at least four days.We can arrange a sightseeing tour and other activities. Let’sget together soon.

Sincerely,

Yolanda

Capitalize days of the week and months.

For example: Monday JanuaryTuesday FebruaryWednesday MarchThursday AprilFriday MaySaturday JuneSunday July

AugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember


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Step Two: Practice

DirectionsLook at the following sentences. If the sentence is capitalized correctly, writeOK beside the sentence. If it is not correct, draw a line through each mistake.Then write the correction above it. The first one has been done for you.

1. whereWhere

is my friend?

2. his troubles were just beginning.

3. The shoe store was very crowded on saturday.

4. In December, the park is always empty.

5. my house is very far away.

6. Jenny’s favorite day of the week is Thursday.

7. During october, we rake leaves.

8. playing the piano is a lot of fun.

9. I am going to Aunt Sara’s house on sunday.

10. Our little brother was sleeping.


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Capitalize the first and last names of people.

For example: Howard BlankmenTina SantosSidhar Jamal

When you talk about yourself, capitalize the letter I.

For example: Linda and I surfed the Internet.I searched the Web for the article.

Capitalize the first letter of a person’s title.

For example: Ms. a woman Mrs. a married womanMr. a man Jr. juniorSr. senior Dr. a doctor

Capitalize a person’s initials.

For example: Mr. N. BrunnMrs. J. KissallMs. L.R. Titus

Capitalize words that are used as names.

For example: I played chess with Dad.We went to the store with Grandpa and Grandma.“Did I get any letters?” asked Uncle Paul.

Capitalize the first word in a quotation.

For example: “Who wants some strawberries?” Daisy asked.“Don’t forget your glasses,” Tim said.


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Step Two: Practice


1. I went to see auntAunt

Sharon in September.

2. Mom had lunch with Mrs. b.f. Barnett last week.

3. Dr. Bernard said, “everything will be fine.”

4. Dan’s father, Dan sr., took him to a basketball game.

5. Mr. Gonzalez asked me if i wanted to play baseball.

6. My teacher’s name is ms. Cortez.

7. The letter was addressed to Anne james.

8. “do you want to go for a walk?” I asked.

9. This weekend I will go to Antonio’s party.

10. Maria asked dad for more spaghetti.


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Capitalize the titles of books, movies, magazines, poems, stories, television shows, and songs.

For example: Books: Harry PotterMovies: Star WarsMagazines: Time for KidsPoems: “The Midnight Ride of Paul Revere”Stories: “The Three Little Pigs”Television shows: American IdolSongs: “The Star-Spangled Banner”

Capitalize the titles of organizations or groups.

For example: Boy Scouts of AmericaAmerican Cancer SocietyCity Girls’ Choir


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Step Two: Practice


1. My little sister likes to watch Sesamesesame

Streetstreet.

2. Ask Mom if she ever read the book called little women.

3. We made a donation to the Veterans of Foreign Wars.

4. Did you enjoy reading the book The Cat Who Went to College?

5. Pauline recited a funny poem called “the purple cow.”

6. When you come upstairs, please bring me a copy of

Sports Illustrated.

7. We raised money for the group habitat for humanity.

8. At the assembly, we sang my favorite song, “It’s a Small

World After All.”

9. I bring the magazine boys’ life on long car rides.

10. When we studied the Civil War, we watched a movie

called gone with the wind.


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Capitalize the names of proper nouns: specific people, places, and things. Someexamples of proper nouns are specific street names, cities, states, countries,continents, oceans, lakes, rivers, mountains, groups of people, languages, historicevents and time periods, holidays, buildings, bridges, and spacecraft.

For example: Specific street names: Balmoral AvenueCities: Glen CoveStates: TexasCountries: United StatesContinents: South AmericaRivers: Mississippi RiverOceans: Indian OceanLakes: Lake MichiganMountains: Appalachian MountainsGroups of people: AmericansLanguages: ChineseHolidays: ThanksgivingBuildings: Empire State BuildingBridges: George Washington BridgeSpacecraft: ChallengerHistoric events and time periods: World War I ,

The Great Depression


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Step Two: Practice


1. You can take a train to see Mountmount mcKin

McKinleyley.

2. labor day is the last holiday of the summer.

3. I would like to go to Brazil.

4. The california gold rush was a fascinating period

in history.

5. The president lives in the white house.

6. You don’t have to be Italian to love spaghetti.

7. They both spoke spanish, but they spoke different dialects.

8. Let’s go sailing on bay lake.

9. The golden gate bridge is beautiful.

10. I would like to go skiing in denver, Colorado.


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Part BPractice Answering Multiple-Choice Questions

Session 1Session 2Session 3


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Session 1

DIRECTIONSTommy has to write a short story for his English class. He has already written the draft. Now, heneeds help editing and revising it.

Use Tommy’s draft to answer numbers 1 through 12.

Maria’s Gift(1) Everyone in the neighborhood knew Maria Sanchez. (2) Maria had wrinkled

brown skin, sparkling brown eyes, thick braid of silver hair fell all the way down her

back. (3) She had lived in the neighborhood for a long time and always had a smile for

everyone she met.

(4) Some people in town had flower gardens and some grew vegetables. (5) But Maria

loved cactuses. (6) She changed the empty lot next to her house and she transformed the

empty space into a cactus garden next door. (7) She planted all of the different kinds of

cactuses she could find. (8) She loved to eat interesting foods.

(9) Karen Davis and her family lived just down the block from Maria’s house.

(10) Karen always walked by the house and she looked for Maria every time and she

loved talking to Maria and watching her work in the garden.

(11) Karen had a younger brother. (12) His name was Jack and he had special needs.

(13) He would walk by the garden sometimes and gaze over the low fence that

surrounded it. (14) Maria always had a bright smile for Jack. (15) Jack was very shy with

most people but with Maria he opened up.


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(16) One day in september, karen came home from school and looked around for

her brother. (17) It was Maria’s birthday and Karen wanted to stop by with Jack to wish

her a happy birthday.

(18) Mrs. Davis saw Karen searching the house. (19) “Jack went out. (20) He had a

geranium in a pot, with a red ribbon rapped around it in a bow. (21) He went over to

Maria’s.”

(22) “Oh no,” Karen cried. (23) “He’s going to give her a geranium? (24) But he

doesn’t understand about Maria! (25) She only plants cactuses!” (26) Karen rushed out of

the house.

(27) When she ran into Maria’s garden, she were surprised by what she saw.

(28) Jack was with Maria in the middle of the garden, the spot where Maria planted her

most precious cactuses. (29) She had just planted the geranium from the pot and Jack was

sprinkling water around it.

(30) Maria smiled broadly when she saw Karen walking towards them. (31) “Karen,

she said, look at the beautiful geranium Jack bought me.”

(32) “But Maria,” Karen said, “it’s not a cactus. (33) He didn’t understand.”

(34) “But it’s a beautiful flower,” Maria said. (35) “In my garden their is plenty of

room for everybody.”


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1 Read sentence 2. It is poorly written.

Maria had wrinkled brown skin,sparkling brown eyes, thick braid ofsilver hair fell all the way down herback.

What is the best way to rewrite thissentence?

A? Maria had wrinkled brown skin.Sparkling brown eyes and a thick braidof silver hair fell down her back.

B? Maria had wrinkled brown skin andsparkling brown eyes. A thick braid ofsilver hair fell all the way down her back.

C? Maria had brown skin and eyes andsilver hair and it fell all the way downher back.

D? Maria had wrinkled and sparkling brownhair and eyes, silver hair that fell downher back.

2 Choose the sentence that does notbelong in the paragraph that begins with sentence 4.

F? sentence 4

G? sentence 5

H? sentence 7

J? sentence 8


She changed the empty lot next to herhouse and she transformed the emptyspace into a cactus garden next door.

Choose the best way to rewrite it so that itdoes not repeat ideas.

A? She changed and transformed theempty space and lot into a cactusgarden next to her house.

B? She changed the empty lot into a cactusgarden and had a new garden nextdoor with the cactuses she loved.

C? She transformed the empty lot next toher house into a cactus garden.

D? She transformed the empty lot next toher house from a space with nothing init to a cactus garden.


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Karen always walked by the house andshe looked for Maria every time andshe loved talking to Maria andwatching her work in the garden.

What is the best way to rewrite thissentence?

F? Every time Karen walked by the houseon her way home from school, shelooked for Maria. She loved talking toMaria and watching her work in thegarden.

G? Karen always walked by, looked for,talked to, and watched Maria.

H? Karen always walked by Maria’s house.She looked for her. She talked to herand watched her work.

J? Every time Karen walked by she lookedfor Maria. On her way home fromschool, when she talked to Maria, sheloved to watch her work.

5 Choose the best way to combine theideas in sentences 11 and 12 into onesentence.

Karen had a younger brother. Hisname was Jack and he had specialneeds.

A? Jack was Karen’s brother with specialneeds and he was younger.

B? Karen had a younger brother withspecial needs his name was Jack.

C? Karen’s younger brother, Jack, hadspecial needs.

D? Karen’s younger brother his name wasJack had special needs.

6 Choose the correct way to write theunderlined part of sentence 16.

One day in september, karen camehome from school and looked aroundfor her brother.

F? day in September, karen

G? day in september, Karen

H? day in September, Karen

J? No change is needed.

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7 Choose the sentence that best fits rightafter sentence 16.

A? She couldn’t find Jack anywhere.

B? Jack was 8 years old.

C? She wanted to give Jack a present.

D? She wanted Maria’s birthday to bespecial.


He had a geranium in a pot, with a redribbon rapped around it in a bow.

F? red ribon rapped

G? red ribbon wrapped

H? red ribbonn wrapped



When she ran into Maria’s garden, shewere surprised by what she saw.

A? she is surprised

B? they was surprised

C? she was surprised

D? No change is needed.


Jack was with Maria in the middle ofthe garden, the spot where Maria planted her most precious cactuses.

F? most preciousest cactuses

G? more precious cactus

H? preciousest cactuses



“Karen, she said, look at the beautifulgeranium Jack bought me.”

A? Karen, she said, “look

B? “Karen,” she said, “look

C? “Karen” she said, look



“In my garden their is plenty of roomfor everybody.”

F? they’re

G? there

H? theirs



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Session 2

DIRECTIONSAmy has to write a biography for a class at school. So far, she has only written a draft. Now, sheneeds help editing and revising it.

Use Amy’s draft to answer numbers 13 through 24.

Alma Flor Ada(1) Alma Flor Ada is living proof that two languages are better than one. (2) Dr. Ada

thinks that language is one of our most important inventions. (3) She believes in

bilingual education because she thinks that a person who speaks more than one language

will better understand the world. (4) Bilingual means “knowing or using two languages.”

(5) Alma Flor Ada was born in a foreign country. (6) Her familys house faced onto a

busy street. (7) Her backyard had fruit trees, a river, and many animals. (8) Dr. Ada wrote

about her childhood in two award-winning autobiographies and the title of one of these

books is Where the Flame Trees Bloom and the title of the other autobiography is Royal

Palms: A Childhood in Cuba.

(9) Alma Flor Ada went to college in Madrid, Spain. (10) She then traveled

to Lima, Peru where she studied Spanish Literature at the Pontifical Catholic University.

(11) After winning a Fulbright Scholarship, she attended Harvard University in

Cambridge Massachusetts. (12) Since then, she has spent most of her time in the United

States. (13) The United States is a large country and there are a lot of different places one

should see.

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(14) Although her new home was in America, Dr. Ada wanted to maintain her

identity as a Latino woman. (15) She wanted her work to tie together her love of Latino

culture with her new love of America. (16) She decided to become an teacher and

translator. (17) Translating great children’s books into Spanish was her favorite job.

(18) Because she loved children’s books, Dr. Ada decided to try writing children’s

books. (19) Today, dozens of her books are on the shelves in the children’s section of

libraries. (20) Some of her books are in English. (21) Some of her books are in Spanish

and English. (22) Inside the same book they both were! (23) These books have pages with

both Spanish and English words. (24) Children who do not speak both languages can still

enjoy the book. (25) They can look at how to say the story in the other language and

learn something new.

(26) Today, Dr. Ada lives in San Francisco. (27) She runs the Center for multicultural

Literature at the university there. (28) “knowing two languages,” she has said, “has made

the world richer for me.” (29) Through her writing teaching and speaking, Alma Flor Ada

tries to make the world richer for children everywhere.


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13 Read sentence 22, which is poorlywritten.

Inside the same book they both were!

Choose the best way to rewrite thissentence.

A? Inside they were both the same book!

B? Inside the book they both were the same!

C? They were inside the same book both!

D? They were both inside the same book!

14 Choose the best sentence to add rightafter sentence 4.

F? Dr. Ada speaks Spanish and English.

G? It is best to speak more than two languages.

H? Some people think English is a very hardlanguage to learn.

J? If you travel to another country, you should learn the language spokenthere.

15 Amy wants to change sentence 5 so thatit is more specific.

Alma Flor Ada was born in a foreigncountry.

Choose the best way to rewrite theunderlined part of this sentence.

A? in a Spanish-speaking country.

B? far away.

C? in Cameguey, Cuba.

D? in North America.


Her familys house faced onto a busystreet.

F? families

G? family’s

H? family


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Dr. Ada wrote about her childhood intwo award-winning autobiographiesand the title of one of these books isWhere the Flame Trees Bloom and thetitle of the other autobiography isRoyal Palms: A Childhood in Cuba.


A? Dr. Ada wrote about her childhood intwo autobiographies, both award-winning, both about her childhood,titled Where the Flame Trees Bloom andRoyal Palms: A Childhood in Cuba.

B? Where the Flame Trees Bloom and RoyalPalms: A Childhood in Cuba are bothautobiographies by the award-winningauthor Dr. Ada who wrote about herchildhood in them and that is how shebecame an award-winning author.

C? Dr. Ada wrote about her childhood intwo award-winning autobiographies.The titles of these books are Where theFlame Trees Bloom and Royal Palms: AChildhood in Cuba.

D? Dr. Ada wrote about her childhood. Intwo award-winning books, Where theFlame Trees Bloom and Royal Palms: AChildhood in Cuba, she wrote about herchildhood and won awards for themand they were autobiographies.

18 Choose the sentence that does notbelong in the paragraph that begins withsentence 9.

F? sentence 9

G? sentence 11

H? sentence 12

J? sentence 13


After winning a Fulbright Scholarship,she attended Harvard University inCambridge Massachusetts.

A? Massachusetts, Cambridge.

B? Cambridge. Massachusetts.

C? Cambridge, Massachusetts.



She decided to become an teacher andtranslator.

F? a teacher and an translator.

G? an teacher an translator.

H? a teacher and translator.


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Because she loved children’s books, Dr. Ada decided to try writingchildren’s books.


A? She loved them and wanted to writechildren’s books.

B? She loved children’s literature and Dr. Ada wanted to write it.

C? Because she loved children’s books, Dr. Ada decided to try writing one.

D? Because she loved books for children,she decided to write books for children.


She runs the Center for multiculturalLiterature at the university there.

F? center for Multicultural literature

G? Center For multicultural Literature

H? Center for Multicultural Literature



“knowing two languages,” she hassaid, “has made the world richer for me.”

A? “knowing two languages,” She has said,

B? “Knowing two languages,” she has said,

C? “Knowing two languages,” She has said,



Through her writing teaching andspeaking, Alma Flor Ada tries to makethe world richer for childreneverywhere.

F? writing, teaching, and, speaking,

G? writing and teaching, speaking,

H? writing, teaching, and speaking,


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Session 3

DIRECTIONSJustin decided to write a letter to the local newspaper. He has already written the first draft. Now,he needs help editing and revising it.

Use Justin’s letter to answer numbers 25 through 36.

Letter to the Editor(1) dear editor,

(2) I am very sad. (3) My best friend, Sam Smith, was hit by a car. (4) It happened

yesterday while he was running after a ball in the street. (5) Sam broke his leg. (6) I believe

this would not have happened if there was a park in the neighborhood.

(7) Sam and I live on Lincoln Street. (8) As you know, Lincoln Street is very busy. (9)

There are many cars that drive down our street at all times of the day. (10) Lots of

families with young children live on Lincoln Street. (11) Or near Lincoln Street. (12) Most

of us play together in front of our houses because we don’t have anywhere else to play.

(13) If us had a park to meet at, it would be safer. (14) We learned about seatbelt safety

from Officer Sanders.

(15) There is an empty lot over by the corner store and this would be the perfect place

for a park. (16) There would be room for a slide, swings, a basketball court, and even a

place for picnics! (17) My dad works for town hall, and he thinks it could be done.

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(18) Every kid in our neighborhood would be so happy if we had a park for our

community. (19) The children could raise money to help buy the equippment for the

park. (20) We’ll sold food and lemonade at baseball games. (21) We could even go around

the neighborhood and offer to do yard work. (22) Then we can give the money we earn

to the park fund.

(23) Is there any way that your newspaper could print this so that more people can

show interest in my park idea? (24) I would be so grateful. (25) I think that if people no

that creating a park might be a possibility, they will want to help make it happen. (26)

I’ve talked to Sam about it and Sam and I discussed my idea.

(27) He said he can’t wait until he gets his cast off so that he can help, too!

(28) Sincerely.

(29) Justin Ross


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25 Choose the best way to combine theideas in sentences 3 and 4 into onesentence.

My best friend, Sam Smith, was hit bya car. It happened yesterday while hewas running after a ball in the street.

A? Yesterday, while running after a ball, mybest friend, Sam Smith, was hit by a carin the street is what happened.

B? Yesterday, my best friend, Sam Smith,was hit by a car while running after aball in the street.

C? Running after a ball in the street, mybest friend was hit by a car yesterdayand his name is Sam Smith.

D? It happened yesterday that my bestfriend, Sam Smith, was running after aball in the street and because of that hegot hit by a car.

26 Choose the word that best fits at thebeginning of sentence 6.

F? Since,

G? Afterward,

H? However,

J? Also,


If us had a park to meet at, it wouldbe safer.

A? If me had

B? If them had

C? If we had


28 Choose the sentence that does notbelong in the paragraph that begins withsentence 7.

F? sentence 7

G? sentence 9

H? sentence 12

J? sentence 14


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29 Choose the correct way to writesentence 1.

dear editor,

A? dear Editor,

B? Dear editor,

C? Dear Editor,


30 Choose the best topic sentence to add to the paragraph that begins withsentence 15.

F? I know a good place for the park.

G? Our street is busiest on the weekend.

H? My dad knows many important people.

J? Sam is feeling better now.


The children could raise money to helpbuy the equippment for the park.

A? equiptment

B? equipment

C? equipmment



We’ll sold food and lemonade atbaseball games.

F? We’ll selling

G? We’ll sells

H? We’ll sell


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33 Which of these is not a completesentence?

A? I am very sad.

B? As you know, Lincoln Street is very busy.

C? Or near Lincoln Street.

D? I would be so grateful.


I think that if people no that creatinga park might be a possibility, they willwant to help make it happen.

F? people knows

G? peoples no

H? people know


35 Read sentence 26, which is poorlywritten.

I’ve talked to Sam about it and Samand I discussed my idea.

Choose the best way to rewrite it so that itdoes not repeat ideas.

A? I’ve talked to Sam about my idea.

B? Sam has talked to me and we havediscussed my idea.

C? I’ve discussed Sam about my idea.

D? Talking to Sam, we discussed my idea.

36 Choose the correct way to writesentence 28.

Sincerely.

F? Sincerely

G? Sincerely!

H? Sincerely,



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Part CStrand by Strand

All Together

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Section 1: Strand by Strand

Strand 1: The Elements of a Complete Sentence

1 Find the word that best completes the sentence.

The bears in the world are called sun bears.

A small

B smaller

C smallest

D smallness

2 Which of these is not a complete sentence?

A I helped Dad wash car.

B I usually catch the bus to school.

C My brother’s room is messy.

D Computers are fun to use.

3 Find the word or words that best complete the sentence.

Peter had been looking forward to the play .

A stage

B excited

C for weeks

D enjoyed acting


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4 Choose the sentence that is complete and written correctly.

A The people that work in the factory is hard workers.

B Without Terri’s advice, Sara wouldn’t have known what to do.

C When the package arrived, Sandra will wonder what is in it.

D Only the most tallest student could reach the top shelf.

5 Find the words that best complete the sentence.

The hot air balloon .

A high in the sky

B had four people in it

C and its passengers

D many bright colors


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Strand 2: Subject-Verb Agreement

6 Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence.

I cereal for breakfast yesterday.

A had

B have

C having

D will have


I talking to my friends on the phone.

A like

B likes

C liking

D has liked

8 Choose the word that best completes the sentence.

My sister always to me if I want to talk about something.

A listen

B listens

C listened

D listening


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9 Choose the sentence that is written correctly.

A The art show were a great success.

B Most of the artists was new.

C The paintings were sold quite cheap.

D Ian and Jack was happy with their purchases.


enjoying the show very much.

A The people in the crowd was

B Most of the viewers were

C Helen and her friend was

D I was surprised to find that I were


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Strand 3: Capitalization and Punctuation

11 Choose the answer that shows the correct capitalization and punctuation.

A “Are you hungry?” my Friend asked.

B “I’m getting wet” Jane screamed.

C “Where is my hat, grandpa mumbled.”

D “I am going for a drive,” Dad declared.

12 Choose the answer that shows the correct punctuation.

A Trees help animals find food, stay safe, and, make homes.

B My teacher, Miss Allan, told us to write a letter to a friend.

C First, the tour guide, took the class to see the giraffes and the camels.

D Water can be a, solid, a liquid, or a gas.

13 Choose the answer that shows the correct capitalization.

A I clean my room every Saturday Morning.

B It snows in New York during the Winter.

C We have the American flag hanging outside our house.

D The state of hawaii is known for its beautiful beaches.


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14 Choose the sentence that has correct punctuation.

A The hikers in the group were not sure which way to go?

B Is there any chance that we will be home before dark!

C Hannah wondered why nobody could agree?

D Quentin folded his arms and sat down on the tree stump.

15 Choose the sentence that has the correct capital letters.

A The First world war ended in 1918.

B The irish tour guide told us all about the area.

C The Declaration of Independence was signed in 1776.

D The battle of gettysburg took place in Pennsylvania.


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Strand 4: Combining of Sentences

16 Which sentence best combines the two sentences?

Bee stings can hurt a lot.

Many people are afraid of getting stung.

A Bee stings can hurt a lot, many people are afraid of getting stung.

B Bee stings can hurt a lot, so many people are afraid of getting stung.

C Bee stings can hurt a lot, but many people are afraid of getting stung.

D Bee stings can hurt a lot, then many people are afraid of getting stung.


The atlas shows the locations of mountains and valleys.

The atlas shows the locations of oceans and rivers.

A The atlas shows mountains, valleys, oceans, and rivers.

B The atlas shows mountains, valleys, oceans, and rivers, locations.

C The atlas shows the locations of mountains, valleys, oceans, and rivers.

D The atlas shows the locations of mountains and valleys and oceans and rivers.


My brother left his toys on the floor.

I tripped over my brother’s toys.

A I tripped over my brother’s toys that he left on the floor.

B My brother left his toys, that I tripped over, on the floor.

C My brother left his toys on the floor, I tripped over them.

D My brother’s toys, he left on the floor, and I tripped over them.


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19 Choose the best way to combine the two sentences.

Liam went on a train.

Liam went to Chicago.

A Liam went on a train to Chicago.

B Liam went on a train and Liam went to Chicago.

C Liam to Chicago went on a train.

D Liam, went on a train, and went to Chicago.


Cleo took her dog for a walk.

Cleo’s dog is Max.

A Cleo took her dog Max for a walk.

B Cleo and Max took her dog for a walk.

C Cleo took her dog, is Max, for a walk.

D Cleo took her dog for a walk, and is Max.


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Strand 5: Separation of Sentences

21 Which sentence contains two complete thoughts and should be written as two sentences?

A Yesterday I was sick, so I didn’t go to school.

B Before school, I need to iron my shirt.

C My brother is hanging up the washing, while my sister is sweeping the floor.

D Grandma knits very fast, she knitted me a sweater.


A Mom loves cleaning the house, but I don’t.

B I love eating bacon and eggs for breakfast, it tastes good.

C Even though most people like it, I hate eating ice cream.

D Yesterday morning, we dropped Dad off at the airport.


A California has beautiful beaches, perfect for surfing.

B Tomorrow before work, Miss Clements has to prepare for an important meeting.

C Holidays are over next week, and I have to go back to school.

D Of all the hobbies that Jessie has, bird watching is her favorite.


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A Polly wanted to buy a book, but the store didn’t have it.

B Before her next birthday, Claire wants to start singing lessons.

C Tuesday was a warm day, Wednesday was cooler.

D Everywhere we looked, we saw long grass.


A While summer is nice, I prefer the weather in spring.

B Chan was feeling tired, also he was hungry.

C After doing the dishes, Ken mopped the floor.

D Leah is a good cook, and she wants to be a chef one day.


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Section 2: All Together


In our house, a log fire my family warm in the winter.

A keep

B keeps

C keeping

D are keeping


A Darcy had to write a report about caterpillars.

B He looked up information on the Internet.

C He used computer to type assignment.

D Finally, he was ready to hand it in.


A Janine had often wondered who lived next door?

B Mikhail could hardly believe what he was seeing!

C my cousin asked me to help her with an art project

D Have you seen Ben’s amazing artwork.


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A Even though it is hard work, I enjoy cutting the hedges in my yard.

B I visit my cousins every weekend, and we always have a good time.

C My parents taught me to ride safely, I ride slowly near traffic.

D Just the other day, Jenna learned that she had won the essay contest.


Vivian’s oldest brother her with her homework if she asks.

A help

B helping

C will help

D have helped


My cat the trees in my backyard all the time.

A climb

B climbs

C are climbing

D have climbed


A My sister goes to North Franklin Middle School.

B The newspaper said that sir Donald Williams was doing a book signing.

C I saw a display of egyptian artworks at the museum.

D The closest subway station to my house is on Morrison avenue.


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A After school, I’ve got to do my homework.

B I hate it when it rains, especially on the weekends.

C Next week is Hannah’s birthday, she will be six years old.

D Sara’s dog looks big and scary, but he is really very friendly.


Jody washed some grapes in the sink.

Jody dropped them into a big bowl.

A Jody washed some grapes in the sink into a big bowl dropped them.

B Jody washed in the sink into a big bowl and dropped some grapes in the sink.

C Jody washed some grapes in the sink and then dropped them into a big bowl.

D Jody washed some grapes and then dropped them into a big bowl in the sink.


A Jason enjoys drawing.

B He tried to draw a bowl of fruit.

C He also drew his friend.

D The drawings quite good.


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A Tomorrow is my birthday, and we are going out for dinner.

B Next week, school finishes and the holidays begin.

C Yesterday we had a party, I have to clean the mess.

D Tomorrow I have a math test, which I have to pass.


Andrew fell out of the tree.

Andrew broke his arm.

A Andrew fell out of the tree and broke his arm.

B Andrew fell out of and broke his arm the tree.

C Andrew broke his arm and fell out of the tree.

D Andrew broke and fell out of the tree his arm.


The is a quiet place to spend time.

A library

B peaceful

C reading

D at school

14 Choose the answer that shows the correct capitalization and punctuation.

A Mischa’s favorite poem in the book was called “Morning Sunshine.”

B In the novel “Black Beauty,” the main character is a Horse.

C “Hamlet” is a famous play written by William shakespeare.

D The magazine Gardening monthly is full of useful articles.


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My dog Flash is spotty.

My dog Flash loves to eat bones.

A My dog Flash loves to eat spotty bones.

B My dog Flash loves to eat bones is spotty.

C My dog Flash is spotty and loves to eat bones.

D My dog Flash is spotty and my dog Flash loves to eat bones.


Gemma helping her mother make sandwiches for a picnic.

A are

B was

C were

D have


Leon tried to think of some things to do.

Nothing seemed interesting.

A Leon tried to think of some things to do, nothing seemed interesting.

B Leon tried to think of some things to do, or nothing seemed interesting.

C Leon tried to think of some things to do, so nothing seemed interesting.

D Leon tried to think of some things to do, but nothing seemed interesting.


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A I like camping with my family.

B My brother is fast at putting up a tent.

C Mom and I firewood in the forest.

D My dad took a really long time to start our campfire.


A At his last soccer game, Derek scored two goals.

B After baseball practice, Steven had a shower.

C Amy would like to take art classes, and dance classes as well.

D I went rafting with my Dad, he fell out and got wet.


A Moms cooking smells so good that it makes me hungry.

B My sister’s room is always perfectly clean.

C Im going to ride my bike to school today.

D I do’nt usually watch movies on weekdays.


A The Mechanic said that the car would need a few minor repairs.

B People living by the Nile River learned how to use the river to help them.

C The Greenwood Museum is open every day except mondays.

D The Eiffel Tower is a famous attraction in paris, France.


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A Yesterday at school, Marie got in trouble for not doing her homework.

B Grandma makes the best apple pie, I could eat it every day.

C Before eating dinner each night, I wash my hands.

D The dog next door barked all night, which was very annoying.


I have two colorful parrots.

The parrot’s names are Kenny and Jenny.

A I have Kenny and Jenny, colorful parrots.

B I have two colorful parrots Kenny and Jenny.

C I have two parrots, Kenny and Jenny, colorful.

D I have two colorful parrots named Kenny and Jenny.


Kate and Tim excited about flying in an airplane for the very firsttime.

A is

B was

C were

D have


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My house is because of the cars going past.

A noisy

B traffic

C all the time

D beeping their horns


A The American civil war lasted for many years.

B The Titanic sank in the Atlantic Ocean.

C The island of jamaica has a warm climate.

D The Andes is a mountain range in south America.


A Leanne walked slowly, she wasn’t in a rush.

B Before we left the hotel, we checked that we had everything.

C Jenny would like to work in sales, or she would like to be a nurse.

D During the sale, the store sold many televisions.


The old carpenter .

A most liked making toys

B and his young sons

C wooden trains

D skilled and talented


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A The basement are the messiest room in the house.

B Miss Young want her family to clean the basement.

C It is full of old toys and lots of other junk.

D Corey and Quentin was not very keen to help.


Rima rode her bicycle.

Rima rode to her friend’s house.

A Rima, rode her bicycle and rode to her friend’s house.

B Rima rode her bicycle, and she rode to her friend’s house.

C Rima rode her bicycle to her friend’s house.

D Rima rode her bicycle, and she rode to her friend’s house, too.


A When Joe finished speaking, he will ask if there are any questions.

B June said it was the most sweeter cookie she had ever tried.

C The book were about the adventures of Carol and Tori.

D Before buying a new computer, Jill did a lot of research.


going to meet us later.

A Kathy and her friend is

B Donna said she was

C My other friends from school is

D Johnny from my art class are


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The dancers practiced for weeks.

The dancers were ready for the show.

A After practicing for weeks, the dancers were ready for the show.

B The dancers practiced until they were ready for the show, weeks.

C While practicing for the show for weeks, the dancers were ready.

D The dancers were ready for the show, so they practiced for weeks.


A Carrie enjoyed the movie but, Elle thought it was too long.

B It was raining hard, so, I grabbed my umbrella.

C Hunter was happy with second place, but would have liked to win.

D Janet enjoys singing so she decided to join the school choir.


A Before giving her speech, Chen took a deep breath.

B The cleaner swept the floor, the cleaner mopped the floor.

C I don’t like playing golf, nor do I like going bowling.

D Even though it takes time, we always recycle.


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The giraffes at the zoo .

A tall and beautiful

B and the elephants

C were looked after well

D relaxing in the shade


A Why do Wes always sleep in?

B Is Andy and Tara coming over later?

C Are your mother going to drive us?

D Does Glenn listen to loud music often?


Donnie lost his keys.

Donnie found his keys.

A Donnie lost his keys, but he found them.

B Donnie lost his keys, nor he found them.

C Donnie lost his keys, or he found them.

D Donnie lost his keys, so he found them.


A We seemed to walk for miles before we reached Liam’s house.

B The easiest way to cross the river is to take the Ferry.

C Oliver spent the morning filing old Newspapers.

D The old well is a few minutes South of the village.


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A Wayne had studied hard, so he wasn’t surprised that he got a good score.

B While taking the test, Kris felt nervous.

C Even after checking the map, Tina was still lost.

D The cat crawled up in a ball, the cat went to sleep.


A After the show finished, everyone in the crowd will applaud.

B The most cheap television is very poor quality.

C The children packed into the buses, but there not enough seats.

D During the football game, Marge made snacks for everyone.

42 Choose the best way to combine the sentences.

The students made a poster.

The students made it for an art project.

A The students made it for an art project, a poster.

B The students made a poster for an art project.

C The students, for an art project, made a poster.

D The students made a poster, and for an art project.


A Jackson has been taking singing lessons, and he sounds really good.

B Of all the sports I have played, baseball is my favorite.

C After taking the dog for a walk, Margo made some dinner.

D Nita walks every morning, she finds it relaxing.


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A The waves breaking on the beach are dangerous.

B Rough storms can sometimes harms beaches.

C Next weekend we is helping clean up the beach.

D A surfer with a lot of skill are surfing in the rough seas.


A Charles Dickens wrote the novel titled a Christmas Carol.

B Anne of green gables was a special book.

C Around The World In Eighty Days was a novel about traveling in a hot air balloon.

D Romeo and Juliet is a famous play written by William Shakespeare.


The chef in the diner .

A beautiful food

B known for his pastas

C quite a few awards

D worked very hard


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47 Choose the best way to combine the sentences.

Marcel ate a hamburger.

Marcel drank a chocolate milkshake.

A Marcel ate a hamburger and drank a chocolate milkshake.

B Marcel ate and drank a hamburger and a chocolate milkshake.

C Marcel ate a hamburger, drank a chocolate milkshake.

D Marcel ate, and drank, a hamburger and a chocolate milkshake.


A There is a bird splashing around in the birdbath.

B Ben sometimes see snails on the path.

C The bees in the garden likes the bright flowers.

D The cats is scaring away some of the birds.


A There wasn’t much time to get ready?

B Lillian could hardly believe her eyes?

C Kevin asked a jogger if he had seen a small dog?

D Is there any chance that it will be sunny tomorrow?


A Even though it was dear, Holly bought the painting.

B While doing the gardening, Joy found many snails.

C The birds eat seeds, the birds sometimes eat fruit.

D The task seemed impossible, yet Laura managed to achieve it.


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