nutrition. nutritional needs calcium and iron are important ▫from toddlers to teenagers special...
TRANSCRIPT
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Nutrition
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Nutritional Needs
•Calcium and iron are important ▫From toddlers to teenagers
•Special dietary needs for teenagers:▫This is a time of growth spurts
20% of adult height 50% of adult weight
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Teenagers and Calcium
•Teenagers need calcium to build strong bones
•The osteoporosis connection…▫Why talk about this in a child & adolescent
health class??
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Osteoporosis
•1 of every 2 American women will get osteoporosis after the age of 65.
•Why worry about teenagers?▫Less than half of teenagers get enough
calcium in their diet. For girls – about 15% get enough calcium.
The teenage years are the time to build strong bones
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Soda consumption & Osteoporosis•Girls who drank soft drinks: 3x more
likely to have a bone fracture▫Physically active girls: 5x more likely to
have a bone fracture
▫Why? Phosphoric acid Less calcium consumption
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Who is at risk?
•Those who do not get enough calcium
•Females•Those with high soft drink consumption
•Those who do not exercise
•Caucasians and Asians
•Family history•Smoking•Alcohol
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Prevention
•Eating calcium-rich foods▫Dairy products, calcium-fortified orange
juice, leafy green vegetables, canned salmon or tuna
▫May need a calcium supplement•Weight-bearing exercises•Limit soft drink consumption•Don’t smoke
•Notice anything about this list?
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“Selling” it to teenagers
•Make it beneficial in the short term▫May need to relate it to body image
“Calcium will help you grow taller” “Do you know those older people that are
stooped over?”
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Eating Disorders
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Teenagers & Eating Disorders• Girls 15 – 19 years old:
▫Account for 40% of new anorexia cases every year.
▫There has been a rise in anorexia among this age group every decade since 1930!
• Bulimia:▫The incidences of bulimia have tripled among
10-39 year-olds from 1988 to 1993
• Most of those with anorexia or bulimia do NOT receive adequate care.
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Teenagers & Dieting
•Over ½ half of teenage girls and 1/3 of teen boys use unhealthy weight control behaviors. ▫ (Neumark-Sztainer, 2005)
▫These behaviors include: Skipping meals Fasting Smoking cigarettes to control weight Vomiting Taking laxatives
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Anorexia Nervosa• Self-starvation
▫Essential nutrients are denied (no or little food) so the body slows down all normal processes to conserve energy.
• Health consequences▫Low blood pressure / heart rate▫Muscle loss / weakness▫Dehydration▫Fainting / fatigue▫Dry hair and skin
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•90-95% are female so, 5-10% are male.•Similar characteristics:
▫Preoccupied with weight Males may have preoccupation with body
building, weight lifting or toning.▫Compulsive exercise▫Frequently weighing oneself▫Distorted body image
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Bulimia Nervosa
•Typically a binge – purge method▫Binge – secret periods of quickly eating
high-calorie dense foods.▫Purge – more than the typical vomiting.
•80% are female•Health consequences:
▫Irregular heartbeat = heart failure = death.
▫Tooth decay▫Ulcers
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Signs and Symptoms (Anorexia & Bulemia)• Weight loss• No or irregular
periods• Fatigue• Decreased
concentration• Stress fractures• Muscle injuries• Low heart rate/BP• Heart irregularities• May even have chest
pain
• Continued dieting • Preoccupation with
food/weight• Frequent trips to
bathroom during and after meals
• Using laxatives• Brittle nails/hair• Dental cavities• Sensitivity to cold
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Prevention
•Look at your own beliefs, attitudes, behaviors about food, weight, body image, physical appearance and exercise.
•Open communication•Healthy modeling. (setting a good example)•Critical thinking•Exercise should equal feeling better not
looking better.•Don’t use food as a reward or punishment
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More information
•“Dying to be thin” www.pbs.org▫Nova program