nutrition definition the process by which the body takes in and uses food benefits gives you energy...
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Nutrition
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NutritionDefinition
The process by which the body takes in and uses food
Benefits• Gives you energy
• Helps you to stay mentally alert• Helps prevent chronic disease
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Nutrients
DefinitionSubstances in food that your body needs to
function properly to grow, repair itself, and supply you with energy.
6 Basic Nutrients Carbohydrates Proteins
Fats VitaminsMinerals Water
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Hunger VS. AppetiteHunger
• Natural drive that protects you from starvation
• Inborn response
Appetite• Desire, rather than a
need, to eat
• Learned response
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Nutrition - FYITop 3 ways in which food is advertised to the public
1. Television2. Magazines3. Billboards
Top 2 factors that influence food shopping decisions1. Taste
2. Nutrition
Top 2 types of foods that people choose today1. Microwavable2. Convenience
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CarbohydratesDefinition
Starches and sugars found in foods
TypesSimple Carbohydrates: sugars, present naturally in
fruits, some vegetables and milk
Complex Carbohydrates: Starches, found in rice and
other grains, seeds, and nuts
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CarbohydratesRelated Terms
Glucose: simple sugar and the body’s chief fuel
Glycogen: glucose that is not used right away and is
stored in the liver and muscles
Fiber: found in tough stringy part of vegetables, fruits,
and grains. Cannot be digested
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ProteinsDefinition
Nutrients that help build and maintain body tissues.
TypesComplete Proteins: foods that contain all the essential amino acids that the body needs and in
the proper amounts
Incomplete Proteins: Foods that lack some of the essential amino acids
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ProteinsRelated Terms
Amino Acids: substances that make up body proteins. There are a total of 20
Essential Amino Acids: amino acids that must come from the foods you eat. Your body does not make them. 9 of the 20 are essential
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FatsDefinition
Your body needs fat. Fats represent the most concentrated form of energy available
TypesSaturated Fats: animal fats and tropical oils
Unsaturated Fats: vegetable fats including olive oil and canola oil
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FatsRelated Terms
Linoleic Acid: fatty acid not made in the body but which is essential for growth and healthy skin
Cholesterol: fatlike substance produced in the liver of all animals and therefore found only in
foods of animal origin
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vitaminsDefinition
Compounds that help regulate many vital body processes, including the digestion, absorption,
and metabolism of other nutrients
TypesWater Soluble: not stored in the body, include
vitamin C and vitamins in the B complex
Fat Soluble: stored in the body’s fat tissue, include vitamins A, D, E, and K
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MineralsDefinition
Inorganic substances that the body cannot manufacture but that act as catalysts, regulating many vital body processes
3 functions of calcium1. Gives structure to bones2. Helps develop & maintain
bone strength3. Aids in blood clotting
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Water
DefinitionThe nutrient that makes up 60% of your
body. You need 6-8 cups a day.
3 functions of water1. Carries nutrients to and transports waste from cells2. Lubricates joints and mucous membranes3. Enables you to swallow and digest foods
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Reading Food Labels
Labels Include:• Serving size
• Calories (calories from fat)
• Nutrients
• Percent Daily Values
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Food Label Lingo
If the Label Says: It Means: Fat Free Less than 0.5 grams of fat
Lean Less than 10 grams of fat
Light At least 1/3 fewer calories or no more than 1/2 the fat of the regular product