nutrition and physical activity
DESCRIPTION
Nutrition and Physical Activity. Iowans will enjoy balanced nutrition, lead physically active lives and live in healthy communities . Promoting Nutrition & Physical Activity. CDC Planning Grant. CDC’s Charge. Write a comprehensive state plan, involving a wide range of community partners - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Nutrition and Physical Activity
Iowans will enjoy balanced nutrition, lead physically active lives and live in healthy communities
Promoting Nutrition & Physical Promoting Nutrition & Physical ActivityActivity
CDC Planning Grant
CDC’s Charge
Write a comprehensive state plan, involving a wide range of community partners
Describe the plan in terms of the social-ecological model
Base plan on science-based interventions or promising interventions
Public Health Approach to Obesity, Physical Activity & Nutrition
Describe Problem•Burden
•Identify at risk populations
•Identify contributing factors
Outreach & education• to inform public
•to inform and prepare providers
Work with communities for systems change
Evaluate & improve programs
Scope of Activities
Conduct Community Forums Visit with professionals at conferences &
meetings Invite partners to a Kick Off Summit to begin
process of writing a plan Form Channel Work Groups to write portions
of the plan
Social-Ecological Model
Socio-Ecologic Model
Source: Adapted from McLeroy, et al., An ecological perspective on health promotion programs.Health Education Quarterly 1988; 15:351-77.
knowledge, attitudes, skills
family, friends, social networks
organizations, social institutions
relationships among organizations
Public Policy
Community
Organizational
Interpersonal
Individual
national, state, local lawsHealthy Policy
Behavior Change Strategies
Increase breastfeeding initiation and duration Reduce TV viewing Increase physical activity Increase fruit and vegetable consumption Other dietary changes such as decreasing
soft drink intake or reducing portion sizes Increase parental involvement, but not
parental control
The Epidemic
The prevalence of obesity among Iowa adults has increased by 84% from 1990 to 2004 (Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System BRFSS).
The 2004 BRFSS data indicates 37.4% of adult Iowans are overweight, and 23.5% are obese (for a total of 61% of Iowa adults compared to the national average of 59.9%)
Disparities
31% of low-income children between 2 and 5 years of age in Iowa are overweight or at risk of becoming overweight. (CDC PedNSS, 2003)
Overweight and obesity prevalence rises with increasing age in Iowa up to age 64.
Obesity prevalence is highest (28.2%) in those with income less than $15,000.
Ethnicity data not available for Iowa
Obj. 19-2
TotalWhite
FemaleMale
Black Female
MaleMexican American
FemaleMale
2010 Target
National Data on Adult Obesity: 1988-94 to 1999-2000
0 10 20 30 40 50
Note: Data are for ages 20 years and over, age adjusted to the 2000 standard population. Obesity is defined as BMI >= 30.0. Black and white exclude persons of Hispanic origin. Persons of Mexican-American origin may be any race.Source: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NCHS, CDC.
Percent
1988-94
Early ChildhoodIowa PedNSS 2003
31% of low-income children 2-5 years of age in Iowa are overweight or at risk of becoming overweight.
Overweight: 13.6% vs. 14.7% U.S.Ever Breastfed: 60% vs. 53.2% U.S.Breastfed 6 months: 27.5% vs. 21.5% U.S.
Children and Adolescents
0
5
10
15
20
0
5
10
15
20Percent
1963-67 1971-74 1976-80 1988-94
Obj. 19-2
Percent
Males 12-19
Females 12-19
National Trends in Child and Adolescent Overweight
Note: Overweight is defined as BMI >= gender- and weight-specific 95th percentile from the2000 CDC Growth Charts for the United States. Source: National Health Examination Surveys II (ages 6-11) and III (ages 12-17), NationalHealth and Nutrition Examination Surveys I, II, III and 1999-2000, NCHS, CDC.
1999-20001966-70
Females 6-11
Males 6-11
Prevalence of Overweight of 4th, 5th, and 6th grade youth in the UNI PANARY surveillance project Measured BMI of 2,740 4th – 6th grade
children 60% were in the normal weight zone (70%
U.S.) 20% were in the “at risk for overweight” zone
(16% U.S.) 20% were in the “overweight” zone (15%
U.S.)Joens-Matre, Welk, Russell, Nicklay, & Hensley (2005).
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. May Supplement.
Prevalence of Overweight of 4th, 5th, and 6th grade youth from Urban, Small Cities, and
Rural areas in the PANARY surveillance project Urban
Small Cities
Rural
Normal weight 62.8% 62.9% 53.1%
At-Risk for Overweight
17.8% 19.5% 21.8%
Overweight 19.4% 17.6% 25.1%(Joens-Matre, Welk, Russell, Nicklay, & Hensley, 2005)
Obj. 19-3c
Total
FemaleMale
WhiteBlack
MexicanAmerican
0 10 20 30Percent
National Child and Adolescent Overweight by Race:
1988-94 to 1999-2000
Note: Overweight is defined for ages 6-19 years as BMI >= gender- and weight-specific 95th percentile from the 2000 CDC Growth Charts for the United States Black and white exclude persons of Hispanic origin. Persons of Mexican-American origin may be any race.Source: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NCHS, CDC.
2010 Target1988-94
Iowa 2003-Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables
Consume 5 or more servings per day17% of Iowa adults 23.6% of older adults 19% of adults with income < $15,00011.3% of adults without a HS/GED
degree22% of US adults
National Proportion of Vegetable Servings
1999-2000
Obj. 19-6Note: Data are age adjusted to the 2000 standard population for adults 20 years and over.Source: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NCHS, CDC.
Children 2-19 years Adults 20 years and over
Dark green/ orange
8%
Tomatoes9%
Legumes6% All others
22%
Other potatoes
10%
Fried potatoes
46%
Dark green/ orange
11%
Tomatoes11%
Legumes8%
All others35%
Other potatoes
13%
Fried potatoes
22%
Target = At least 1/3 dark green/orange
0
1
2
3
4
Average number of servings
Objs. 19-5 19-6
Fruits and Vegetables: U.S. Average Number of Daily Servings by Race:
1999-2000Minimum Recommended
Note: Data are age-adjusted to the 2000 standard population for ages 2 years and over. Black and white exclude persons of Hispanic origin. Persons of Mexican-American origin may be any race.Source: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NCHS, CDC.
Fruits Vegetables
Total White Black Mexican American
Iowa 2003-Meet the recommended amount of physical activity
43% of Iowa adults (Men- 45%; Women- 42%)
32% of older adults 38% of adults with income < $15,000 36% of adults without a HS/GED degree 47% of U.S. adults meet the
recommended amount of physical activity
0Age-adjusted percent
2010Target
30 4010 20
19992002
50
Obj. 22-2
Moderate Physical Activity for U.S. Adults by Race/Ethnicity
Note: Data are for ages 18 years and over, age adjusted to the 2000 standard population. Moderate physical activity is regular leisure-time physical activity (moderate activity 30+ minutes/5+ times a week or vigorous activity 20+ minutes/3+ times a week). American Indian includes Alaska Native. Black and white exclude persons of Hispanic origin. Persons of Hispanic origin may be any race. I = 95% confidence interval.Source: National Health Interview Survey, NCHS, CDC.
White
American Indian
Hispanic
Asian
Black
0
20
40
60
80
100
Vigorous Physical Activity for U. S. Adolescents by Grade Level: 2001
11th10th
Obj. 22-7
9th
Percent
12thNote: Vigorous physical activity is activity that made students in grades 9-12 sweat or breathe hard for 20+ minutes on 3+ of the past 7 days. I = 95% confidence interval.Source: Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, NCCDPHP, CDC.
Cost of Overweight Today’s children will be the first generation in
memory to have a shorter life span than their parents. - Sir John Krebs, Chairman of the United Kingdom’s Food Standards agency
Iowans pay $783 million in health care costs for problems associated with obesity - ~17% is covered by Medicaid & Medicare (Finkelstein, Fiebelkorn, & Wang, 2004)
Overweight children report lower quality of life than children with cancer.
Community Forum Suggestions
Banning/restricting access to vending machines during school hours would help curb obesity.
Community Forum Suggestions
More time should be allotted for physical education.
Schools should devote more time to promoting healthy lifestyles.
Community Forum Suggestions
Increase the awareness about all the resources available in each city/county.
Develop a health coalition for each county.
Community Forum Suggestions
Promote one major event every 6 months such as a “Kids Walk-to-School” event in October and a “No T.V. Week” in April.
Develop school district wellness committees. New school wellness policy needs to be in place by the 2006-2007 school year.