nutrients in food biology unit ii: respiration & photosynthesis
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: NUTRIENTS IN FOOD BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa51a28abf838c97869/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
NUTRIENTS IN FOOD
BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS
![Page 2: NUTRIENTS IN FOOD BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa51a28abf838c97869/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Nutrients
ESSENTIAL SUBSTANCES THAT YOUR BODY NEEDS IN ORDER TO GROW AND STAY HEALTHY
SIX CATEGORIES:
• CARBOHYDRATES
• PROTEINS
•MINERALS
• VITAMINS
• FATS
•WATER
![Page 3: NUTRIENTS IN FOOD BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa51a28abf838c97869/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION: CARBOHYDRATES- SUGARS AND STARCHES USED FOR ENERGY!
*PLANTS
Carbohydrates
![Page 4: NUTRIENTS IN FOOD BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa51a28abf838c97869/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
SIMPLE CARBOHYDRATES•SUGARS•QUICKLY DIGESTED •BOOST OF ENERGY
•LOTS OF SUGAR: ORANGES, MILK, COOKIES, CANDY
![Page 5: NUTRIENTS IN FOOD BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa51a28abf838c97869/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
MANY SUGARS LINKED TOGETHER
- LONG-TERM ENERGY
- DIGESTED SLOWER THAN
SUGARS.
FOODS WITH LOTS OF STARCH: RICE, BEANS, POTATOES
Complex Carbohydrates
![Page 6: NUTRIENTS IN FOOD BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa51a28abf838c97869/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Protein
• Many amino acids connected together
• Provide: building materials that help body• Grow• Repair itself
![Page 7: NUTRIENTS IN FOOD BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa51a28abf838c97869/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
NON-ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS
11 / 20 AMINO ACIDS
*OUR BODY MAKES THEM
![Page 8: NUTRIENTS IN FOOD BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa51a28abf838c97869/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS
9 / 20 AMINO ACIDS
•MUST OBTAIN FROM FOOD
• BODY CAN’T
MAKE THEM
![Page 9: NUTRIENTS IN FOOD BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa51a28abf838c97869/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
PROTEINS
COMPLETE PROTEINS:
• FOODS WITH ALL ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS
*EXAMPLES: FISH/MEAT/EGGS/MILK/CHEESE
INCOMPLETE PROTEINS:
• FOODS MISSING SOME ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS
*EXAMPLES: LEGUMES/NUTS/WHOLE GRAINS
![Page 10: NUTRIENTS IN FOOD BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa51a28abf838c97869/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
FAT (LIPIDS)• A.K.A. LIPIDS- SUBSTANCES THAT DO NOT
DISSOLVE IN WATER
• ENERGY SOURCE FOR BODY (MORE THAN…)
Protects and cushions vital organs and joints
Insulation
![Page 11: NUTRIENTS IN FOOD BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa51a28abf838c97869/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Fats/Lipids• SUBUNITS:
• FATTY ACID
• GLYCEROL
• TWO TYPES:
• UNSATURATED
• SATURATED
![Page 12: NUTRIENTS IN FOOD BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa51a28abf838c97869/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
UNSATURATED FATS:
• FATTY ACIDS MISSING HYDROGEN ATOMS
• ROOM TEMP: LIQUID
• LESS HARMFUL THAN SATURATED FATS.
*EXAMPLES: CANOLA/SAFFLOWER/PEANUT OILS
![Page 13: NUTRIENTS IN FOOD BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa51a28abf838c97869/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
SATURATED FATS:
Fatty acids with MAXIMUM number of hydrogen atoms
Room temperature: solid
Can cause heart disease*Examples: beef fat/egg yolks/dairy products
![Page 14: NUTRIENTS IN FOOD BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa51a28abf838c97869/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
EQUILIBRIUM
Calorie OUTPUT=2500/day
EQUILIBRIUM2500-2500
=0Body Weight
Stays the Same
Calorie INPUT
= 2500/day
![Page 15: NUTRIENTS IN FOOD BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa51a28abf838c97869/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
FOOD CALORIES: ENERGY OBTAINED FROM CARBS, PROTEINS, AND FATS
SCIENCE CALORIES: ENERGY NEEDED TO RAISE 1G OF WATER 1°C (4.2
JOULES)
Calories
1 food calorie = 1000 “science” calories
![Page 16: NUTRIENTS IN FOOD BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa51a28abf838c97869/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
EATING FOOD FOR HEALTHDon’t eat enough: NUTRIENT
DEFICIENCY• Not enough protein and vitamins
Weak bones
• Not enough protein and calcium Weak muscles
• Not enough fat, vitamins, minerals Unhealthy skin and hair
• Not enough protein, vitamins, minerals, fiber Weak immune system
![Page 17: NUTRIENTS IN FOOD BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa51a28abf838c97869/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
EATING FOOD FOR HEALTHEat too much food: CHRONIC
DISEASE•Overweight/Obesity Eating too many calories (from any source)
•Heart disease Eating too much fat and being overweight
•Type II Diabetes Eating too much processed sugar and being overweight
![Page 18: NUTRIENTS IN FOOD BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa51a28abf838c97869/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
CALORIES
![Page 19: NUTRIENTS IN FOOD BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa51a28abf838c97869/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
CALORIE CALCULATIONS
• CARBOHYDRATES 1G = 4 CALORIES
• PROTEIN 1G = 4 CALORIES
• FAT 1G = 9 CALORIES
• ALCOHOL 1G = 7 CALORIES
![Page 20: NUTRIENTS IN FOOD BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa51a28abf838c97869/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
SAMPLE CALCULATION
•A SLICE OF BREAD HAS 9G OF CARBOHYDRATES, 2G OF PROTEIN, AND 1G OF FAT.
• IN YOUR NOTEBOOK, SET UP THE CALCULATIONS…..
![Page 21: NUTRIENTS IN FOOD BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa51a28abf838c97869/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
SAMPLE CALCULATION
9 GRAMS CARBS X 4 CALORIES/GRAM
= 36 CALORIES
+ 2 GRAMS PROTEIN X 4 CALORIES/GRAM = 8 CALORIES
+ 1 GRAM FAT X 9 CALORIES/GRAM
= 9 CALORIES______________________________
TOTAL CALORIES = 53
TOTAL SCIENCE CALORIES = 53,000
![Page 22: NUTRIENTS IN FOOD BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa51a28abf838c97869/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
DO YOU KNOW THE MOST IMPORTANT
NUTRIENT?
![Page 23: NUTRIENTS IN FOOD BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa51a28abf838c97869/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
IT’S WATER!
60%-80% OF THE HUMAN BODY IS WATER!
![Page 24: NUTRIENTS IN FOOD BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa51a28abf838c97869/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
WATER AS A NUTRIENT
• FUNCTION: • ASSISTS WITH THE TRANSPORT OF
MATERIALS IN THE BODY
• MAKES UP MOST OF THE LIQUID PART OF BLOOD (PLASMA)
• HELPS REGULATE BODY TEMPERATURE
• HELPS BREAK DOWN FOOD IN THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
*FOOD SOURCES: VEGETABLES, FRUIT, MILK
![Page 25: NUTRIENTS IN FOOD BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa51a28abf838c97869/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
FEMALE TEENAGER:
- AT LEAST 10- 8OZ. GLASSES/DAY
MALE TEENAGER:
- AT LEAST 14- 8OZ. GLASSES/DAY
YOU LOSE 4 CUPS OF WATER FOR EVERY 1 HOUR OF EXERCISE
![Page 26: NUTRIENTS IN FOOD BIOLOGY UNIT II: RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfa51a28abf838c97869/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
ACTIVITYON MY SWIFT SITE: FIND THE ACTIVITY
CALLED
“NUTRITION LABEL ANALYSIS”
DOWNLOAD THE DOCUMENT AND FOLLOW THE DIRECTIONS