™

Nutrient Management PlanningNutrient Management Planning

¨ Will these be mandated in your state?Will these be mandated in your state?An emerging national issue is how to An emerging national issue is how to

account for agricultural non-point source account for agricultural non-point source pollution.pollution.

If your state has passed legislation If your state has passed legislation concerning Total Maximum Daily Loads concerning Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) you should plan for (TMDLs) you should plan for NMP NMP mandates?mandates?

™

Clear Understanding?Clear Understanding?

¨ According to the EPA’s According to the EPA’s State Source State Source Water Assessment and Protection Water Assessment and Protection Program Final Guidance Program Final Guidance (U.S. EPA’s (U.S. EPA’s SSWAPPSSWAPP Final Guidance, August Final Guidance, August 1997, page A-25) a susceptibility 1997, page A-25) a susceptibility analysis should be conducted with, analysis should be conducted with, “clear understanding where the “clear understanding where the significant potential sources of significant potential sources of contamination are located.”contamination are located.”

™

Application of CNMPsApplication of CNMPs

¨ Such plans, if applied on a wide-Such plans, if applied on a wide-scale basis, would account for scale basis, would account for agricultural non-point source agricultural non-point source pollution, however few agencies have pollution, however few agencies have the ability to access this large-scale the ability to access this large-scale data.data.

¨ GIS would be a good candidate to GIS would be a good candidate to accomplish this task.accomplish this task.

™

General NRCS RequirementsGeneral NRCS Requirements

¨ Aerial photos (base map).Aerial photos (base map).¨ Soil Maps, Soil Test Results.Soil Maps, Soil Test Results.¨ Planned Crop Sequence.Planned Crop Sequence.¨ Manure Sample Analysis.Manure Sample Analysis.¨ Realistic Yield Goals.Realistic Yield Goals.¨ Recommended nutrient rates and timing.Recommended nutrient rates and timing.¨ Location of sensitive areas.Location of sensitive areas.¨ Complete nutrient budget for N,P,K.Complete nutrient budget for N,P,K.¨ Phosphorus Index Rating.Phosphorus Index Rating.

™

CNMPs are more than pollution tracking.CNMPs are more than pollution tracking.

¨ Resource management.Resource management.– Prevent runoff, soil loss.Prevent runoff, soil loss.– Land Stewardship (Clean water)Land Stewardship (Clean water)– Sustainable ProductionSustainable Production

¨EfficiencyEfficiency–Reduce Input Cost.Reduce Input Cost.–Improves Management Structure.Improves Management Structure.–Facilitates Better Planning.Facilitates Better Planning.

What are the benefits of a CMNP?

™

What are the problems with such a plan.What are the problems with such a plan.

¨ No structure currently exists to No structure currently exists to manage site-specific data on a large manage site-specific data on a large scale.scale.

¨ Cost of implementation.Cost of implementation.

¨ More Programs!More Programs!

¨ Restrictions on farming practices.Restrictions on farming practices.

™

Can the EPA and USDA fulfill their Can the EPA and USDA fulfill their commitment?commitment?

¨ The Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) for The Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) for streams and lakes are set by the state and streams and lakes are set by the state and cannot be exceeded.cannot be exceeded.

¨ Such an analysis does not adequately Such an analysis does not adequately account for agriculture’s contribution to account for agriculture’s contribution to waterway pollution.waterway pollution.

¨ Currently the mechanism for locating non-point Currently the mechanism for locating non-point source pollution is a watershed scale analysis.source pollution is a watershed scale analysis.

™

Site-Specific Data.Site-Specific Data.¨ It is imperative that site-specific data be It is imperative that site-specific data be

promoted as the needed data for these promoted as the needed data for these plans.plans.

¨ Averages of such data by county, will not Averages of such data by county, will not adequately represent a field and may result adequately represent a field and may result in misapplication of both organic and in misapplication of both organic and inorganic fertilizers.inorganic fertilizers.

¨ Though some extrapolation of data is Though some extrapolation of data is warranted, there are some attributes warranted, there are some attributes such as yield and nutrient levels that such as yield and nutrient levels that are unique to a field. are unique to a field.

™

Following is just one element that may Following is just one element that may improve the resolution of CNMPs.improve the resolution of CNMPs.

¨ Site-specific field erosion.Site-specific field erosion.Currently it is acceptable to calculate field Currently it is acceptable to calculate field

erosion using the slope values from erosion using the slope values from SSURGO data.SSURGO data.

There is the possibility for large errors There is the possibility for large errors when using this data. when using this data.

™

Soil LossSoil Loss

¨ Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE)Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE)– 30 meter resolution Digital Elevation Model data will 30 meter resolution Digital Elevation Model data will

be used to establish slope steepness for each field.be used to establish slope steepness for each field.• Acquisition: Online download from USGS data Acquisition: Online download from USGS data

warehouse.warehouse.

–R – Rainfall Erosion Index.R – Rainfall Erosion Index.•NRCS averages for the area.NRCS averages for the area.

–K – SSURGO Data (Soil Types)K – SSURGO Data (Soil Types)• Acquisition: From NASIS Soil Data Viewer (NASIS).Acquisition: From NASIS Soil Data Viewer (NASIS).

–C and P (Site specific data )C and P (Site specific data )•Cover Management Factors.Cover Management Factors.•Support Practice Factors.Support Practice Factors.•Slope length.Slope length.•Terracing and /or contouring.Terracing and /or contouring.

™

Study SITEStudy SITE¨ Approximately 5 Approximately 5

miles north of Enid, miles north of Enid, Oklahoma.Oklahoma.

¨ Well drained silt Well drained silt loam.loam.

¨ Irrigated corn, Irrigated corn, soybean rotation.soybean rotation.

¨ Conventional tillage.Conventional tillage.

™

Slope SteepnessSlope Steepness

¨ It is important to note that both It is important to note that both methods are an improvement methods are an improvement over SSURGO data.over SSURGO data.

¨ This research found no This research found no significant difference between significant difference between the average slope calculated the average slope calculated using a inclinometer and the using a inclinometer and the average slope generated using average slope generated using 30 by 30 meter DEM data.30 by 30 meter DEM data.

™

Slope Surface (DEM)Slope Surface (DEM)

Though, only a small Though, only a small area of this field area of this field contains 4–5 % contains 4–5 % slopes. SSURGO slopes. SSURGO data attributes this data attributes this entire field with a 1–entire field with a 1–3% percent slope.3% percent slope.

Surface values were Surface values were verified using a verified using a inclinometer.inclinometer.

™

Slope Lengths Must be Site-Specific!Slope Lengths Must be Site-Specific!

¨ There are many papers There are many papers suggesting that slope length suggesting that slope length can be obtained from DEMs.can be obtained from DEMs.

¨ This research found that This research found that though DEMs accurately though DEMs accurately depict average slope, this depict average slope, this is not the case with slope is not the case with slope length.length.

™

Highly Erodible Land (HEL)Highly Erodible Land (HEL)

™

Spreadable acresSpreadable acres¨ Considering P2O5 Considering P2O5

levels and HEL levels and HEL there are only 32.87 there are only 32.87 spreadable acres.spreadable acres.

¨ Currently these Currently these restrictions only restrictions only apply to manure.apply to manure.

™

Erosion is only one element of a Erosion is only one element of a CNMP.CNMP.

¨ Feel free to ask question Feel free to ask question concerning any aspect of concerning any aspect of CNMP’s.CNMP’s.

™

R&D CooperationR&D Cooperation

¨ Manure Management PlannerManure Management Planner¨ Developed by Brad Joern and Phil Hess Developed by Brad Joern and Phil Hess

of Purdue University.of Purdue University.¨ Outstanding tool for barn management.Outstanding tool for barn management.¨ John Lory of the University of Missouri-John Lory of the University of Missouri-

Columbia is developing a MMP ArcView Columbia is developing a MMP ArcView extension. extension.

™

Manure Manager

™

National Soil National Soil Information Information SystemSystem(NASIS)(NASIS)