nursery setup

82
MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR ESTABLISHING A GOOD NURSERY

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Page 1: Nursery Setup

MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR ESTABLISHING

A GOOD NURSERY

Page 2: Nursery Setup

INTRODUCTION

Why nursery plays an important part in estate management ?

Page 3: Nursery Setup

CRITERIAS FOR SETTING UP NEW NURSERY

1. Area should not be on hilly slopes – Best on flat or gentle sloping area

2. Area should not be flood prone

3. Reliable clean source of water

4. Close to source of suitable quality soil

5. Easy accessibility

Page 4: Nursery Setup

F

G

B C

D

E

A

LEGEND

1) Pre – nursery

2) Main nursery

3) Pump house

4) Store

5) Entrance

6) 6” piping

7) 4” piping

8) 2” piping

9) Fencing

OP NURSERY LAYOUT

Total Ha : 12Total Capacity : 150000 seedlings

Page 5: Nursery Setup

CAMBERED

Page 6: Nursery Setup

SINGLE STAGE NURSERYDISADVANTAGES

•Require larger area

•High cost of watering

•Danger with failure when not properly watered

•Require supervision over a larger area

ADVANTAGES

•Less handling of seedlings

•Transplanting shock is avoided

•Pre-nursery transplanting not required

•Pre-nursery infrastructure not required

Page 7: Nursery Setup

DOUBLE STAGE NURSERYADVANTAGES

•Require small initial cost for pre-nursery

•Less irrigation water required

•Upkeep & supervision is easier

•Lower maintenance cost

•Culling can be done early

•Allow flexibility

•Doubletons can be split

DISADVANTAGES

•More handling of seedlings

•Risk of transplanting shock

•Susceptible to pests & diseases

Page 8: Nursery Setup

NURSERY STAND

Based on 3’ x 3’ triangle planting

1 acre = 5,000 seedlings

or 1 ha = 12,500 seedlings

Page 9: Nursery Setup

SEEDS REQUIREMENT

1. 210 seeds/ha 210

2. 10% culling at Pre Nursery - 21

3. 15% culling at Main Nursery - 31 52

Total Available 158

Page 10: Nursery Setup

GERMINATED SEEDS

Radical

Plumule

Page 11: Nursery Setup

NURSERY BEDS

1.2 m

5 - 6 m

Page 12: Nursery Setup

PLANTING SEEDS

Page 13: Nursery Setup

3 MONTHS OLD SEEDLINGS

Page 14: Nursery Setup

Preparation Work on Main Nursery

1. Filling soil in 15” x 18” polybags

2. Lining & Stacking (3ft x 3ft x 3ft)

3. Soil topping

Page 15: Nursery Setup

Suitable Soil for Nursery Use

1) Sandy clay loam to Clay loam

2) For heavy Clay soil mix with river sand, ratio 1:3

Page 16: Nursery Setup

TRANSPLANT

Page 17: Nursery Setup

CORER

Page 18: Nursery Setup

CORING

Page 19: Nursery Setup

AFTER CORING

15cm

Page 20: Nursery Setup

MYCORRHIZA APPLICATION

Page 21: Nursery Setup

MYCORRHIZA ( After covered with soil )

Page 22: Nursery Setup

SLOW RELEASE FERTILISER

Page 23: Nursery Setup

SLOW RELEASE FERTILISER

Page 24: Nursery Setup

OPEN POLYBAG

Page 25: Nursery Setup

PLANT & COMPACT soil

Page 26: Nursery Setup

MULCHING

Page 27: Nursery Setup

MULCHING

Page 28: Nursery Setup

TRANSPLANTED SEEDLING

Page 29: Nursery Setup

WATER REQUIREMENT

7 – 8 mm rain / day

1.5 Liters/day

Page 30: Nursery Setup

WATERING SYSTEMWATERING SYSTEM

Page 31: Nursery Setup

SUMISANSUISUMISANSUI

Page 32: Nursery Setup

OVERHEAD SPRINKLEROVERHEAD SPRINKLER

Page 33: Nursery Setup

SUMISHOWERSUMISHOWER

Page 34: Nursery Setup

WEEDING

1. In the bag - Manual

2. On the ground - Chemical Spraying

Page 35: Nursery Setup

1) In the bag - Manual

Page 36: Nursery Setup

2) On the ground - Chemical Spraying

Page 37: Nursery Setup

PEST & PEST & DISEASESDISEASES

Page 38: Nursery Setup

Rhinoceros Rhinoceros BeetleBeetle

PESTPEST

Page 39: Nursery Setup

DISEASESDISEASES

ANTHRACNOSEANTHRACNOSE

Page 40: Nursery Setup

DISEASESDISEASES

LEAF ROTLEAF ROT

Corticium sp.Corticium sp.

Page 41: Nursery Setup

DISEASESDISEASES

LEAF SPOTLEAF SPOT

Curvularia sp.Curvularia sp.

Page 42: Nursery Setup

OTHER DISORDERSOTHER DISORDERS

FERTILISERS SCORCHFERTILISERS SCORCH

Page 43: Nursery Setup

OTHER DISORDERSOTHER DISORDERS

FERTILISER SCORCHFERTILISER SCORCH

Page 44: Nursery Setup

OTHER DISORDERSOTHER DISORDERS

HERBICIDE SCORCHHERBICIDE SCORCH

Page 45: Nursery Setup

OTHER DISORDERSOTHER DISORDERS

SUN SCORCHSUN SCORCH

Page 46: Nursery Setup

OIL PALM NURSERYRUNTS & ROGUES

Page 47: Nursery Setup
Page 48: Nursery Setup

PRENURSERY (3-4 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

TWISTED SHOOT

Page 49: Nursery Setup

PRENURSERY (3-4 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

CRINKLED LEAF

Page 50: Nursery Setup

PRENURSERY (3-4 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

GRASS LEAF

Page 51: Nursery Setup

PRENURSERY (3-4 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

ROLLED LEAF

Page 52: Nursery Setup

PRENURSERY (3-4 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

COLLANTE

Page 53: Nursery Setup

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

SHORT INTERNODE

Page 54: Nursery Setup

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

WIDE INTERNODE

Page 55: Nursery Setup

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

NARROW PINNAE

Page 56: Nursery Setup

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

SHORT, BROAD PINNAE

1) ERECT HABIT

2) FUSED TIPS

3) STUNTED HABIT

4) BRUSH-LIKE HABIT

Page 57: Nursery Setup

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

SHORT, BROAD PINNAEERECT HABIT

Page 58: Nursery Setup

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

SHORT, BROAD PINNAEBRUSH-LIKE HABIT

Page 59: Nursery Setup

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

SHORT, BROAD PINNAESTUNTED HABIT

Page 60: Nursery Setup

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

SHORT, BROAD PINNAEFUSED TIPS

Page 61: Nursery Setup

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

STERILE ERECT HABIT

Page 62: Nursery Setup

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

ERECT HABIT,ACUTE ANGLE, PINNAE INSERTION

Page 63: Nursery Setup

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

ERECT HABIT,VERY ACUTE ANGLE, PINNAE INSERTION

Page 64: Nursery Setup

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

JUVENILE, FUSED PINNAE

Page 65: Nursery Setup

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

FLAT TOP HABIT

Page 66: Nursery Setup

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

FLACCID, LIMP HABIT

Page 67: Nursery Setup

EFFECT OF PLANTING EFFECT OF PLANTING RUNTS & ROGUESRUNTS & ROGUES

Page 68: Nursery Setup

ROGUES PLANTED IN THE FIELD

Page 69: Nursery Setup

ROGUES PLANTED IN THE FIELD

Page 70: Nursery Setup

RUNTS PLANTED IN THE FIELD

Page 71: Nursery Setup

RUNTS PLANTED IN THE FIELD

Page 72: Nursery Setup

RUNTS AND ROGUES REMOVED IN THE FIELD

Page 73: Nursery Setup

Result of Planting Runts in Field

No Bunches

Further Waste Of Fertiliser!

Planted In The FieldNursery Stage

Erect

Page 74: Nursery Setup

REVENUE LOSS WHEN PLANTING RUNTS & ROGUES

Runts & Rogues

( %)

FFB Ton/Ha

OER

(%)Oil/Ha

CPO Price

(RM)

Total Revenue

(RM)

Revenue Loss

(RM/Ha)

0 25.00 20 5.00 1,800 9,000 0

1 24.75 20 4.95 1,800 8,910 -90

3 24.25 20 4.85 1,800 8,730 -270

5 23.75 20 4.75 1,800 8,550 -450

7 23.25 20 4.65 1,800 8,370 -630

10 22.50 20 4.50 1300 5,850 -650

Page 75: Nursery Setup

Cost per seedling(After Culling)

Page 76: Nursery Setup

Cost per seedling (RM)(Excluding Capital Cost)

•Germinated seeds : 1.05

•Polybag (6” x 9”) : 0.02

•Manuring : 0.07

•Watering : 0.01

•Pest & Diseases : 0.02

•Soil & Bag Filling : 0.06

•Planting : 0.02

•Weeding : 0.05

•Transfer Bag : 0.02

•Sub Total : 1.32

Pre- Nursery

Page 77: Nursery Setup

Cost per seedling (RM)(Excluding Capital Cost)

•Polybag (15” x 20”) : 0.15

•Transfer & Transport : 0.10

•Filling & Topping : 0.20

•Soil : 0.09

•Stacking/Lining : 0.16

•Mulching : 0.03

•Watering : 0.08

•Manuring : 0.39

•Weeding : 0.50

•Pest & Diseases : 0.18

•Transplanting : 0.09

•Culling : 0.01

•Sub Total : 1.98

•GRAND TOTAL : 3.30

Main Nursery

Page 78: Nursery Setup

Culling Rate

Pre-nursery : 5 – 7 % Main nursery : 18 – 23 %

Total : 23 – 30 %

Page 79: Nursery Setup

MPOB CERTIFICATION

Page 80: Nursery Setup
Page 81: Nursery Setup

Conclusion

• Look after the seedlings as though they are your babies.

• Choose the best of these seedlings to give the best yield.

• The future of your Estate or Company depends on your action and decision.

• Remember you are a stakeholder.• So, act wisely!

Page 82: Nursery Setup

THANK YOU