nursery raising as a prifitable business by irfan arshad,
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PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGYFOR NURSERY RAISING
Muhammad Irfan ArshadCredit & VO Help Officer
National Program for Food SecurityRahim Yar Khan
By
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ADVANTAGES OF TRANSPLANTING
Savingof expensive hybrid seeds
Economyin the care of slowly developingseedlings
Weed controlis quite easy
Can be grown successfully even if field isnot leveledprecisely
Transplanting hastens maturity
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DISADVANTAGES OF TRANSPLANTING
Extra laboris required for sowing of
nursery and then its transplanting inthe field
Slowing down of plant growth due totransplanting shock
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VEGETABLES TRANSPLANTED
1(Sweet pepper 2(Hot pepper
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VEGETABLES TRANSPLANTED
3(Tomato 4(Brinjal
http://images.google.com.pk/imgres?imgurl=http://virgingreens.com/content_image/mgfruits/brinjal.JPG&imgrefurl=http://virgingreens.com/product/mgfruits/&usg=___XRBKFqECGkrChvfzsBg022WFjY=&h=773&w=1024&sz=612&hl=en&start=15&um=1&tbnid=b3THZeI0VgQdIM:&tbnh=113&tbnw=150&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dbrinjal%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26um%3D1 -
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VEGETABLES SEEDED DIRECTALY
1(Cucumber 2(Muskmelon
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VEGETABLES SEEDED DIRECTALY
3(Water melon 4(Bitter gourd
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VEGETABLES SEEDED DIRECTALY
5(Squashes 6(Pumpkin
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SITE SELECTIONBest available healthy soil
Accessibility to water
Nearto Farm buildingAway from trees and
shrubs
Elevatedfield at the Farm
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LAND PREPARATIONMust be startedwell before seeding
Mixing of well decomposedplant
residuesFYMis not recommended
Addition of10-50-10 NPKkg per acre
Flooding ofinsecticide against
termite
Sterilization of soil
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TIME OF SOWING
Varies from one location to another
Depends upon kind of vegetable
Time the produce desired in the
market
Sweet pepper 15th Sep. to 30th Sep.Hot pepper 15th Sep. to 30th Sep.
Tomato 01st Oct. to 15th Oct.
Brinjal 15th Sep. to 30th Sep.
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REQUIREMENTS FOR THE SOWING OF NURSERY
Structureof
walk in tunnel
Insect screento avoid
seedlings from
insect pests
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METHODOLOGY
1. Preparation of tworaised beds:-
i( width 4.5 feet
ii( height 6-8 inch
ii( central path 2 feet
2. Covering of beds
with thick layer ofimported silt
3. Precision levelingof
beds Continued
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METHODOLOGY
4. Placement of
Single seedin
inch grooved lines5. Covering seeds
with mixture of
well decomposedplant residues and
silt
Continued
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VEGETABLES SEEDED DIRECTALY
6. Covering beds
with slight layer of
mulching material
7. Wateringwith
hand sprinkler
8. Removalof
mulching material
before germination
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LINE AND PLANT SPACING
Line to line distance 3.0 inch
Plant to plant distance 3.0 inch
Seeding depth 0.5 inch
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SEED AND AREA REQUIREMENT
Requirement of seed
Total plants required 13440
Germination 90%Mortality 10%
Total seeds required 16800
Requirement of areaWalkin Tunnel 123 X 14 feet 1722 sq. ft.(
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WATER REQUIREMENT
Beds should never be allowed to dry out, nor should itbe kept soaked
Before plant establishment, soil should be kept fairly
moistbut not wetAfter plant establishment, watering should be done
thoroughly, but not too often
More water is required on a bright daythan on a
cloudy dayWatering should be done early enough in the day
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WEED MANAGEMENT
Weedicide is not recommendedfor nursery crops
Hand weedingis generally
practiced
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PESTS AND THEIR CONTROL
White fly i( AcetamepridArmy worm i( Lufenuron
ii( Spinosadiii( Emamectin
Thrips i( Spinosad
Leaf minor i( Cyromazine Termite i( Imidacloprid
ii( Chloripyriphos
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SEEDLINGS AGE
Sweet pepper 35-40 DAYS
Hot pepper 35-40 DAYS
Tomato 25-30 DAYS
Brinjal 35-40 DAYS
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HARDENING
Hardening is a technique used to slow
plant growth prior to transplanting
Seedlings are not wateredbefore
transplantation
Plants are exposedto relatively high
temperature with the removal of insect
screen
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TRANSPLANTATION
Watering24 hours before uprooting
the plants
Seedlings withpoor root growthshould be discarded
Dipping of plant roots in fungicide
solution
Transplantation should be done in the
evening
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QUALITIES OF GOOD TRANSPLANTS
Ideal transplants should never haveflowers orbuds
Must be younghaving six to eightleaves and 6 to 8 inches height
It does not exhibit rapidvegetative
growthSlightly hardenedat transplanting
time
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SUCCESS OF TRANSPLANTATION
Hardness of plants at the time of
uprooting
Length oftime between uprootingand planting
Soiland weatherconditions
Presence or absence ofdisease inthe plants
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THANKS