numeracy in the landscape the following pages outline some of the different ways that the natural...
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Numeracy in the Landscape
•The following pages outline some of the different ways that the natural world can inspire Numeracy. Work by visiting school groups and primary school teachers on training days at Chelsea Physic Garden is also included.
• “Numeracy” refers to the proficiency with numbers and measures. It involves gathering, interpreting and presenting data as well as solving numerical ‘problems’.
•Even the smallest amount of green space can be useful for interpreting the natural world.
• The first page shows an overview of this subject, the others aim to expand upon it.
Michael Holland - Chelsea Physic Garden, U.K.
Scale & Comparisons * Measuring*
Counting*
Proportions: Fractions, percentages, ratios*
Time*
Sorting & classification*
Pattern, shape and symmetry*
Here are some of the different strands of Numeracy. Many of them have links to other curriculum areas such as History, Geography, Art, Design and Technology, Science and Literacy. Those marked * are elaborated upon in the following pages.
Area
Other
Numeracy Numeracy in the in the
Landscape Landscape linkslinks
Scale Comparison
&
Leaf areas: of different species Time scales
Large vs. Small
Weights
Comparative biomass of different trophic levels
Life spans of different plants and animals
Decay rates of different materials
Role play: imagine being the size of an ant in a grassland; or a tadpole in a pond…
Seed comparisons: e.g. Coco-de-mer (up to 22kg) and orchid seeds (as little as .001g)
The age of the Earth
Class members
Differences / similarities
Looking at the ideas of scale and comparison in the natural world can inspire a sense of wonder about its vastness and diversity and put us into perspective.
Scale & Comparison
How many plant species are native to one country compared to the world?
What proportion of seeds germinated?
How many seedlings survived?
Proportions of one species to others in a sample - grassland, pond, woodland
% of a leaf lost to herbivory
What is the ratio of apples to branches on a tree with 150 apples and 30 branches?
Of 100 Ilex leaves, what fraction or % have got 15 spikes?
What is the ratio of leaves with 15 spikes to those with 1 spike?
Looking at proportions in nature helps us focus on division, unity, comparisons, observations and different ways of interpreting the same data.
Proportions:- Proportions:- fractions, fractions,
percentages, percentages, ratiosratios
Make numbers out of natural materials
Species number in a given area/sample
Number of seeds in a fruit
Number of fruits or leaves on a plant
Number of legs on animals collected
Seed fall rates
Number of stomata per leaf
Garden visitors
Number of petals, anthers…
Number of plants in a specified area
This area of Numeracy is common throughout, consequently there are many examples of, and overlaps with, counting. Estimates and averaging are closely linked.
The origins of number systems and counting
Counting
Number sequences: e.g. Fibonacci series - allowing plants to efficiently use available space (petal number, leaf arrangements, seed packing…)
Symmetry and asymmetry: leaves, faces, tree outlines, flowers. Different types of symmetry.
Tessellation
Clearly demonstrating physical differences, the variety of shapes and patterns the landscape exhibits, inspires and enriches us.
Patterns, shapes and symmetry
Weights: People, seeds, dry vs. fresh weights,
Lengths: Paths, branches, leaves... Areas & perimeters:
Buildings, parks, gardens, windows, glass houses…
Heights: Buildings, trees, people
Girths of trees: Link to the age of a tree (approx. 2.5cm/year)
Sizes of seeds
Time
Creating suitable units for measuring: e.g. length of arm, pace, hand span
Weather data
Measuring requires the use of different units - linking to counting, comparisons and the development of spatial awareness
Measuring
Geological timescales
Evolutionary time
Astronomical events
SeasonsFall rates of different seeds
Different ways of measuring time
Decay and growth rates
The concept of time can be useful in illuminating many aspects of the natural world. It naturally links to counting and measuring and change.
Plant fossils
Make your own sundial or water clock
Looking at historical World events in the growth rings of fallen trees.
TIMETIME
Habitats, ecosystems & biomes
PlantsFamily
SpeciesSeeds
Dispersalmethod
Shape & size
Creating identification keys
Colours
Categorise plants and objects by their ethnobotanical uses
Materials
“Rubbish” bins: classify and sort- recyclables, organic.
Tensile strengths of natural materials
Here are some examples of how aspects of the natural world can be sorted and classified into different groups. Recognising & identification are integral to this.
Sorting & Classification