The Sun

The Sun a StarInside the SunNuclear FusionE-M SpectrumH-R Diagram

The SunStars Produce Light inside their core - The Sun produces energy in all ranges of the Electromagnetic Spectrum!

Making a Color-MagnitudeDiagram for Globular Cluster Omega Centauri

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The sun is actually a star (ball of burning gas) centered in our solar system. It is the only star in our Solar System!!!Properties: made of Hydrogen made of Helium93 million miles (150 million KM) away27 million FIts light takes 8 minutes for light to reach Earth.It contains 99.8% of all gasses in the Solar System1.3 Million Earths fit inside the Sun.Properties of the sun!

Internal Structure:CORE Inner layer in which nuclear fusion takes place. Solar Envelope Puts pressure on the core to maintain its temperature.Radiative ZoneConvection ZonePhotosphere Sunlight we see is emitted from.Chromosphere Layer of increased temperature.Corona Hottest Layer but a million times less bright.

Structure of the SUN

Surface FeaturesSunspotsDark areas of cooler gas on the suns surface.Dark because they are cool and not burning as brightly.

Solar FlaresGasses at a sunspot suddenly get hot.The gasses shoot out like a flare

ProminencesArching columns of gas.Blasts of gas from suns surface to outer space.Structure of the SUN

eElectronIts like a giant furnace inside the suns core.Inside the Sunthe coreThe heat comes from nuclear reactions inside the suns core.Its so hot in the core that it burns Hydrogen to make Helium.THIS PROCESS IS KNOWN AS NUCLEAR FUSION!!!

Lets review what an atom is! Draw a diagram and label!N

PProtonNeutronThe NucleusIts so hot that the nucleus of the atoms can combine and stick together.

Nuclear Fusion is the fusing of nuclei to make a bigger atom.This reaction has been going on for 5 billion yearsand still has enough hydrogen to continue for another 5 billion years.

Nuclear FusionThe high temperature cause particles to move so quickly that they are forced together.

E = mc2But where does the Energy come from?

4.026 AMU

1.008 AMU1.008 AMU1.008 AMU1.008 AMU1.008 X 4 = 4.032=0.006 AMUE = (2.8 x 10-6 kg)(3 x 108m/s)2 = 2.6 x 1011 Joules of energy1 AMU = 1.67 x 10-27kg1 reaction is enough energy to keep a 60-watt light bulb shinning for over 100 years.

The Electromagnetic Spectrum

The type of energy that is released from the star depends on the lights wavelength.

Electromagnetic Radiation can travel through the vacuum of space because of its structure:Electric Field Magnetic FieldTraveling through the vacuum of Space

If a stars radiation output is centered on a color, that star will appear to be that color. Green appears white because even distribution of frequenciesBlue in sky because more light is released in these frequenciesRed in sky because more light is released in these frequencies

A stars color is determined by its peak frequency of radiation the star emits: ColorRedWhite (Green/Yellow)BlueEnergyLowHighWavelengthLongerShorterFrequencyLowHighTemperatureCoolerHotter