nuclear chemistry mr. skirbst physical science topic 21
TRANSCRIPT
Nuclear Chemistry
Mr. SkirbstPhysical Science
Topic 21
Nuclear Chemistry
Radioactivity -
Nuclear Chemistry
Radioactivity – - a release of matter and energy
that changes the nucleus of an atom
3 Types of Radiation
1. Alpha particles
3 Types of Radiation
1. Alpha particles (+) 2 protons & 2 neutrons- can burn skin, but is stopped by paper
3 Types of Radiation
2. Beta particles
3 Types of Radiation
2. Beta particles (-) 1 electron & (+) 1 proton
(from neutron decay)- can penetrate 3 mm of Al
3 Types of Radiation
3. Gamma Rays
3 Types of Radiation3. Gamma Rays
an electromagnetic wave (no charge)- penetrates several centimeters of Pb (lead)
3 Types of Radiation
Type At. Mass Charge 4 +0 -0 0
Nuclear Stability
Describes the “strength” of the nucleus
Nuclear Stability
Binding Energy- nuclear force that holds the nucleus together
Nuclear Stability
Radioactive Decay- unstable nucleus breaks down & releases energy & matter
Nuclear Stability
2 Types of Decay:Alpha decay-releases (2P & 2N)Beta decay- releases (1E & 1P from 1N)
Nuclear Stability
Decay type at. Mass at. #
-4 -2
same +1
Nuclear Stability
Half Life:- time it takes for ½ the atoms to decay
Nuclear Stability
Nuclear Notation:
Nuclear Stability
Decay Series:- Illustrates radioactive decay
Nuclear Energy
Fission – splitting of atomic nucleus
Nuclear Energy
Fusion – combining of atomic nucleus