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Nuclear Bombs Atomic, Hydrogen, and Neutron

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Atomic Bomb Manhattan Project (1939 to 1945) Robert Oppenheimer Response to Nazi Germany Atomic bomb tested on July 16 th, 1945 Los Alamos The Gadget Uranium-235 and process of fission Dropped on Japan Little Boy Fate Man

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Japan Attacks: Hiroshima Hiroshima bomb called Little Boy August 6 th, 1945 Aircraft called Enola Gay 16 kilotons of TNT 70,000 to 80,000 people died initially Japanese 2 nd General Army causalities 12 American deaths Gun-type fission weapon made with Uranium-235

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Japan Attacks: Nagasaki Bombs named was Fat Man (August 10 th, 1945) Exploded between the Mitsubishi Steel and Arms Works and Mitsubishi and the Urakami Ordnance Works Killed between 40,000 and 75,000 people initially 21 kiloton yield and generated heat equivalent to 3,900 degrees Celsius

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Robert Oppenheimer I have become death...the destroyer of worlds.

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Impact on Japan Japan surrendered 6 days after the bombing of Nagasaki September 2 nd, 1945 Officially ending World War II Japan adopted Three Non- Nuclear Principles 90,000 to 160,000 people in Hiroshima and 60,000 to 80,000 people in Nagasaki died the deaths resulted on the first day 60% from fire flashes

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Hydrogen Bomb Created by Edward Teller Bomb was created in 1952 Heat of atomic bomb would ignite the hydrogen A canister would divide the atomic bomb and hydrogen fuel Experimental bomb Mike Bikini atoll November 1 st, 1952 Vaporized the island of Elugelab 700 times the power of the atomic bomb dropped at Hiroshima Radioactive mud and acid rain fell Area of 27 miles high and 8 miles wide

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Neutron Bomb Created by Edward Teller Designed by Samuel Cohen Tested on 1963 at the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory Test underground, 70 miles away from Las Vegas Added to the United States arsenal Fusion process and x-ray mirrors and an inert shelling case Bombs are significantly smaller, but still offer a similar kilotons of energy

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Soviet Union August 29 th, 1949- Joe One; copycat of Fat Man Soviet Spies (Harry Gold and Klaus Fuchs) Captured intelligence from Manhattan Project True hydrogen bomb test on November 22 nd, 1955 with a 1.6 megaton blast October 23 rd, 1961 another bomb with a yield of 58 megatons October 4 th, 1957 The Soviet Union launched Sputnik into Earths orbit America responded on October 31 st, 1959 with their own missile launch

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Potsdam Conference July 24 th, 1945 An agreement between GB and US waited to inform Stalin about the Manhattan Project Feared Stalin would risk information to German Spies However, Stalin had a ring of spies (Theodore Hall and Klaus Fuchs) Spies provided information for hydrogen bomb and implosion bomb Stalin wasnt mad as expected, at the conference

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BRAVO Test March 1 st, 1954 (another hydrogen bomb at the Bikini Atoll Explosion underestimated 14.8 megatons rather than 5 megatons Largest test done by the United States Blast reached 300 miles away Affected U.S soldiers and unfortunate residents Japanese fishermen

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Duck and Cover Produced in 1951 by the United States federal governments Civil Defense

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Overall Outcome Nuclear Arms race (1941-1991) United States and Soviet Union realized they had enough nuclear weapons to destroy each other Mutual Assured Destruction The Soviet Union and the United States realized that they would severally damage each other This realization prevent the use of nuclear weapons United States resisted use of nuclear weapons during Korean War President Eisenhower opposed use of nukes Non-Proliferation Treaty (todays goals)

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Name: Jacob Pasley Date: 4/24/13 Period: #6