NASA-TM-8328919820014948

NASA Technical Memorandum 83289

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COMPILATION OF ATMOSPHERIC GAS CONCENTRATION

PROFILES FROM 0 TO 50 KM

M. A. H. Smith

MARCH 1982

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H,\",::ll'N, VIRGINIA

NAS/\National Aeronautics andSpace Administration

Langley Research CenterHampton, Virginia 23665

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19820014948 2020-01-11T10:30:46+00:00Z

INTRODUCTION

The compilation of atmospheric gas concentration profiles described in

this report was created at NASA Langley Research Center as a convenient

on-line reference data set for line-by-line simulations of atmospheric

infrared absorption and emission signals. Profiles from this compilation

are also useful as "initial guesses" in iterative procedures for retrieval

of gas concentrations from measured atmospheric infrared data. Since a

number of researchers in the field of atmospheric remote sensing have

informally requested copies of this compilation, the author has decided to

release these data in the form of a Technical Memorandum.

In this report, a brief description of the data will be followed by a

listing of the data set as it appears on the NASA Langley computer system,

and a list of references. The final section of this report contains plots

.. of each of the 52 gas concentration profiles included in the ·compilation.

The author ackriowledges the assistance of Ms. Pamela L. Rarig, of the

Systems and Applied Sciences Corporation, who developed the plotting

program used to produce the figures in this report.

2

DESCRIPTION OF THE DATA

The first 28 gases on the compilation are those for which spectro­

scopic data are given on the AFGL (Rothman, 1981; Rothman et al., 1981) and

GEISA (Chedin et al., 1980, 1981) atmospheric absorption line parameter

compilations. Concentration profiles for these gases are listed in order

according to their AFGL integer gas codes. Since this gas profile

compilation has been developed primarily as a data base for simulation of

atmospheric absorption or emission, profiles are included for all the major

infrared-active species (H20, C02, 03, N20, CO, CH 4 , 02), even,though some

of these profiles may not be of great interest for photochemical studies.

The fundamental collision-induced bands of both N2 and 02 appear quite

strong in tropospheric and lower-stratospheric spectra (Rinsland et al.,

1981, 1982), and the atmospheric N2 profile has also been included in this

compilation. PH3 is not known to exist'in the unpolluted terrestrial

atmosphere, but its line parameters are included in the GEISA tape and are

used in analysis of atmospheric spectra of the outer planets. In this

compilation, the terrestrial PH3 volume mixing ratio has been set to a

negligible value (1.0 X10-20 ).

The last 24 gases in this compilation are species which have either

been measured in the stratosphere or are considered to be important

sources, sinks or intermediate reservoirs for photochemically active

species in the stratosphere (Hudson and Reed, 1979; Hudson et al., 1981).

All of these gases have molecular spectra in the infrared, but detailed

listings of their absorption line parameters are not yet available.

However, the concentration profiles listed here may be used in conjunction

with laboratory spectra such as those compiled by Murcray and Goldman

3

(1981) to estimate the m.agnitude of atmospheric absorption by these species

at various altitudes. These concentration profiles are loosely grouped

according to category, ie., hydrocarbons, halocarbons, odd-hydrogen

species, odd-nitrogen species, and sulfur-containing molecules.

The data file is written in the form of 80-character card images~ For

each species there is a header card containing the gas name left-justified

in the first 15 columns, and columns 16 through 80 contain a description of

the major references for the gas concentration profile. This header card

is followed by one to six cards containing the atmospheric volume mixing

ratios at 2-km intervals, beginning at 50 km and ending at the ground

(0 km).

The gas concentration profiles in this data set have been based on

both atmospheric measurements and the results of photochemical models,

compiled from an extensive literature search by the author. The majority

of references for these profiles are included in the Hudson et al. (1981)

report, and a few more recent results are added here. Although for a

number of species many measurements and model studies have been reported in

the literature, the references on the header cards are limited to the more

recent results and to review articles. Unless otherwise stated on the

header card, the set of volume mixing ratios for each species represents

the "typical" diurnally averaged, seasonally averaged Northern Hemisphere

midlatitude gas concentration profile. When both model results and

atmospheri c measurements were avail abl e, the measurements have been

weighted more heavily in the determination of the average concentration

profil e. In some cases where neither measurements nor model results were

available over the entire 0-50 km altitude range (e.g. NH3, HI, HCN, C2H4,

4

CHCt2F, HN02, H02N02 and H2S), the author has extrapolated the

concentration' profiles based on available information such as spectroscopic

upper limits, expected ground-level concentrations or estimated

tropospheric lifetimes.

The average gas concentration profil es presented here, whil e useful

for "ball-park" estimates of atmospheric absorption or emission or for

initialization of retrieval algorithms, may be quite different from

concentration profiles actually measured at specific times and locations on

the Earth, particularly in the case of diurnally varying species. The

reader interested in simulation of atmospheric absorption or emission for a

specific case, for example, a sunset spectrum taken in mid-winter at high

latitude, should consult the individual references given here and in the

Hudson et al. (1981) report to obtain more detailed gas cqncentration

profiles.

--------- ---------- ------

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RUDOLPH El AL.(1~81)t3~f8- ,IO·:1.0E-14,

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CCl4

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, 13

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14

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Goldan, P. D.; Kuster, W. C.; Schmeltekopf, A. L.; Fehsenfeld, F. C.;and Albritton, D. L. 1981: Correction of Atmospheric N20 Mixing­Ratio Data. J. Geophys. Res., vol. 86, no. C6, pp. 5385-5386.

Goldman, A.; Murcray, D. G.; Murcray, F. J.; Cook, G. R.; VanAllen,J. W.; Bonomo, F. S.; and Blatherwick, R. D. 1979: Identifica­tion of the Vg Vibration-Rotation Band of CF~ in Balloon-BorneInfrared Solar Spectra. Geophys. Res. Lett., vol. 6, no. 7, pp.609-612.

Goldman, A; Murcray, F. J.; Blatherwick, R. D.; Bonomo, F. S.;Murcray, F. H.; and Murcray, D. G. 1981a: Spectroscopic Identi­fication of CHC1F2 (F-22) in the Lower Stratosphere. Geophys.Res. Lett., vol. 8, no. 9, pp. 1012-1014.

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16

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17

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69

1. Report No.

NASA TM- 83289I2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient's ~talog No.

4. Title and Subtitle

COMPILATION OF ATMOSPHERIC GAS CONCENTRATIONPROFILES FROM 0 TO 50 KM

5. Report Date

Mtlrr-h 1QA?6. Performing Organization Code

147-30-01-037. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No.

Mary Ann H. Smith

9. Performing Organization Name and Addressr-----------------------------......J 10. Work Unit No.

NASA Langley Research CenterHampton, VA 23665

11. Contract or Grant No. •

12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address

National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationWashington, DC 20546

14. Sponsoring Agency Code

15. Supplementary Notes

16. Abstract

A set of 52 atmospheric gas concentration profiles between o and 50 km has beencompiled as a convenient reference data set for calculation of atmospheric infraredabsorption or emission signals and for initialization of iterative procedures forretrieval of gas concentrations from measured data. The distributions of volumemixing ratio as a function of altitude generally correspond' to typical diurnallyaveraged, seasonally averaged Northern Hemisphere midlatitude gas concentrationprofiles. Profiles are given for all gases included in current infraredatmospheric absorption line parameter compilations; and for a number of additionalimportant trace gases.

17. Key Words (Suggested by Author(s))

Atmospheric GasesRemote SensingAtmospheric Transmission Models

18. Distribution Statement

Unclassified - UnlimitedSubject Category 46

•

19. Security Oassif. (of this report)

Unclassified20. Security Classif. (of this page)

Unclassified21. No. of Pages

7022. Price

A04

S-J05 For sale by the National Technical Information Service. Springfield, Virginia 22161

/I 1111111/1 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111• 3 1176 00159 7567

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