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Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56

NSAI

Guidance document for trailers of category O1, O2, O3 and O4

For

National Vehicle Approvals (NSSTA and IVA)

Guidance document for O1, O2, O3 and O4 trailers

Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56

Introduction

Statutory Instrument (S.I) 158 of 2009 (EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES (ROAD VEHICLES:

TYPE-APPROVAL) REGULATIONS 2009) as last amended outlines the individual areas of

compliance required for national approval for vehicles and trailers in Ireland. This S.I was transposed

into Irish legislation giving effect to European framework directive 2007/46/EC.

NSAI as the Irish Approval Authority can issue a Type Approval Certificate if satisfied that the

vehicle/trailer meets all the relevant requirements as in the S.I. The approval is issued based on

supporting technical documents submitted by the applicant and inspection of the vehicle/trailer at an

NSAI Approved Test Centre (ATC). A pre-requisite for submitting a type approval application to NSAI

may be that the applicant is an Approved Vehicle Body Builder (AVBB). More information on this can

be found on the NSAI website: www.nsai.ie

This document aims to outline the approval process and to assist the manufacturer/applicant and ATC

testers in assessing/designing the vehicle/trailer to meet the relevant legislative requirements. This

document is only intended as an aid to understanding the legislative requirements1 and is for information

purposes only. Only the referenced legislation throughout this document has any legal effect. Where

possible, this document has hyperlinked the relevant EU/UNECE legislation.

For definitions see Annex II of 2007/46/EC (as hyperlinked above) or the separate legislative documents

linked throughout this document

1 https://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/automotive/legislation/motor-vehicles-trailers_en

https://www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29regs0-20.html

https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:02007L0046-20180331&from=EN

http://www.nsai.ie/

https://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/automotive/legislation/motor-vehicles-trailers_en



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Table of Contents

Application process ...................................................................................................................... 4

Flow chart of approval process .................................................................................................. 4

Approval documents ............................................................................................................................... 5

Area of compliance trailer inspected .......................................................................................... 6

General construction................................................................................................................... 7

Rear under run ............................................................................................................................ 8

Rear registration plate space ..................................................................................................... 10

Steering effort ........................................................................................................................... 11

Braking ..................................................................................................................................... 12

Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) .................................................................................. 17

Statutory plates and Identification ............................................................................................ 18

Installation of lighting devices ................................................................................................. 20

Lateral protection ..................................................................................................................... 29

Spray suppression ..................................................................................................................... 35

Tyre installation ........................................................................................................................ 46

Masses and dimensions ............................................................................................................ 48

Couplings.................................................................................................................................. 53

Appendix ..................................................................................................................................... 56

Sample ATC inspection report (s)

Brake response time (extract from UNECE R13)


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2.NSAI

pre ATC

review

Step 3.

ATC

Step 3.

ATC

Application process

Flow chart of approval process

Step 1: Manufacturer/applicant submits approval file to

NSAI (drawings, photos, component approval

documents + all relevant technical documentation).

Contact NSAI for information on application

submission

Step 2: NSAI Preliminary/pre-ATC review. Transfers

relevant inspection document to requested ATC as

specified by applicant at step 1 or requests additional

information from applicant

Step 3: ATC carries out required inspection. If meets

relevant requirements, ATC submits positive

report/photos to NSAI and applicant or advises

applicant of area of non-conformance

Step 4: NSAI carries out final review on returned ATC

report(s). Application moved to generate IVA

certificate if in compliance with relevant requirements

or advises applicant of rejection

Step 5: IVA certificate generated and issued to

applicant at step 1. May be used as a registration

document

Step 5.

IVA Cert issued

Step 1:

Applicant

designs/manufacture's and

submits approval file

tNSAI

-

0

3

-

2

0

1

9


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Application process

Approval documents to be submitted to NSAI by Applicant

Please contact NSAI directly prior to the submission of any approval application. NSAI has

developed software for the submission of type approval applications. Contact NSAI directly for

access.

The following list are some of the typical technical documents NSAI would expect with a trailer

application:

• Copy of the Incomplete Certificate of Conformity (COC) for the base trailer if built

in a multi stage approval

• Drawings and photos, specifications, bill of materials, photographs describing the

build (before, during and after)

• Photograph of the Statutory Plate.

• Detail and explanation of VIN/Unique identifier as engraved/marked on chassis and

statutory plate of trailer

• Photographs of finished trailer (front side and rear)

• Additionally added equipment type approval certificates/test reports e.g.:

- coupling documentation (King pin, draw bar eye, coupling head approval and

manufacturer documentation)

- lights/reflectors approval documents

- rear underrun documentation (type approval certificate/test report)

- lateral protection documentation (type approval certificate/test report)

- spray suppression and mudguard documentation (type approval certificate/test

report)

- type approval certificates for any additional electronic components

- Braking reports

O1, O2: With overrun inertia brakes- test report(s) for coupling head, report(s)

for braked axle(s) and compatibility report

O3, O3: Braking calculations, drawings and diagrams, test reports for axles,

reports on EBS / ABS and any other relevant information as regards braking

system

• Personnel competency certificate e.g. welding certification of person responsible for

welding in build, training certificates for braking component installation etc.

• Any other technically relevant documentation


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Areas of compliance trailer inspected

Table below indicates the areas of compliance the trailer must meet for approval. This also outlines for the

ATC whether trailer needs to be coupled to towing vehicle or un coupled for inspection. Some items can be

done either way. These are evident in the last column to the right

Item

No.

Category

applicable Subject

ATC test

record

Coupled Un-

Coupled

Coupled

or

un-

coupled

0 O1, O2

O3, O4 General construction TR-000

*

3 O1, O2

O3, O4 Rear under run R58 TR-003

*

4 O1, O2

O3, O4 Rear reg. plate space 1003/2010/EU TR-004

*

5 O3, O4 Steering effort R79 TR-005 *

See note 2

9 O1, O2

O3, O4 Braking (parking brake) R13 TR-009

*

9 O3, O4 Braking R13 TR-009 *

10 O1, O2

O3, O4

Electromagnetic Compatibility

(EMC) R10 TR-010

*

See note 3

18 O1, O2

O3, O4 Plates (statutory) 19/2011/EU TR-018

*

20 O1, O2

O3, O4

Installation of lighting and light

signalling devices R48 TR-020

*

21 See 20 Retro reflectors

22 See 20 End-outline front-position (side),

rear-position (side), stop, side marker

23 See 20 Direction indicators

24 See 20 Rear reg. plate lamps

28 See 20 Rear fog lamps

29 See 20 Reversing lamps

36 O3, O4 Heating systems R122 TR-036 *

42 O3, O4 Lateral protection R73 TR-042

*

See note 4

43 O3, O4 Spray-suppression 109/2011/EU TR-043 *

45 O1, O2

O3, O4 Safety glass R43 TR-045

*

46 O1, O2

O3, O4 Tyres 458/2011/EU TR-046

*

48 O1, O2

O3, O4 Masses &dimensions 1230/2012/EU TR-048

*

See note 1

50 O1, O2

O3, O4 Couplings R55 TR-050

*

56 O1, O2

O3, O4 ADR Trailers R105 Shall require additional tests and approvals not

included in this document

Note 1: When measuring up the trailer for masses and dimensions, for accuracy it is required that the

trailer is un coupled from the towing vehicle (with the exception of a physical manoeuvrability test if

required).

Note 2: If one or more of the axles are steered axles a physical steering test is required.

Note 3: Compliance can be demonstrated with EMC e marked electronic components

Note 4: For semi-trailer, may need to be uncoupled for dimension of king pin to front face of lateral rail

http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2017/si/280/made/en/print

https://www.unece.org/?id=39143



















Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56

0. General Construction

Legislation

Statutory Instrument: 158 of 2009 as last amended by 280 of 2017

NSAI technical review and ATC physical inspection of trailer shall assess the general construction of the

trailer. Approval will not be issued if any element of the design or construction is deemed to be of in sufficient

quality or a danger to other road users

Below is a direct extract from Statutory Instrument 158 of 2009 (EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES (ROAD

VEHICLES: TYPE-APPROVAL) REGULATIONS 2009) as last amended as regards general construction

requirements. This list is not an exhaustive list of constructional requirements

1. All aspects of the design and construction of the vehicle and its equipment shall be such that no

danger is caused or likely to be caused to any person in the vehicle or on a road.

2. In particular, under all normal conditions likely to be encountered while the vehicle is being driven

on a road, including when the vehicle is loaded to its maximum gross weight and the axle weight of

any one axle equals its maximum permitted axle weight:

(a) it shall be possible to control the vehicle safely, taking account of the vehicle’s speed and

acceleration capabilities;

(b) it shall at all times be possible for the driver, while controlling the vehicle, to have a full view of

the road and traffic ahead of the vehicle;

(c) the clearance between any of the following parts of the vehicle, namely the tyres, wheels, other

rotating components associated with the transmission of engine power or braking, moveable parts of

the steering mechanism and fixed parts shall be sufficient to ensure no risk of fouling and the wheels

and wheel fixings shall be compatible;

(d) the vehicle structure (chassis or integral chassis-body), shall be so designed and constructed as to

withstand the forces and vibration to which it is likely to be subject;

(e) all entries and exits provided for the vehicle occupants (other than doors) shall be so designed as

to allow easy and safe use;

(f) all aperture covers (other than doors) including tail gates, boot and bonnet lids, shall be capable of

being securely latched in the fully closed position;

(g) the steering, suspension, axles and wheels shall be so designed, constructed and fitted as to

withstand the forces and vibration to which they are likely to be subject;

(h) the electrical system, including the battery, electrical components and wires, shall be securely

attached to the vehicle.

In particular, the maximum distance between attachments of wires, except those contained within

hollow components, shall be 300 mm and wires shall be so fitted and protected

as to avoid the risk of damage to insulation, such as abrasion.

All components shall be so constructed and fitted as to minimise the risk of corrosion and fire.

Examples of inspection failure:

• Poor quality material or design resulting in cracks

• Poor quality welding (welding certificates shall be requested)

• Poor wiring i.e. loose, insecure, uninsulated etc.

• Snag hazards along the side of vehicle/trailer of risk to other road users

http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2017/si/280/made/en/pdf


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3. Rear Underrun Protection (RUP)

Legislation:

EC Directive 70/221/EEC

UN Regulation: UNECE R58

Objective

All trailers must be so constructed and/or equipped as to offer effective protection over their whole width

against under running from the rear by a vehicle of categories M1and N1

O1 O2

Requirement:

The ground clearance of the rear part of the unladen vehicle does not exceed 550 mm over a width which is

not shorter than that of the rear axle by more than 100 mm on either side (excluding any tyre bulging

close to the ground)

O3 O4

Requirement:

A type approved rear underrun device, installed in accordance with rear underrun manufacturers installation

requirement and vehicle mounting points shall be required for category O3 /O4 trailers. This device may also

be in the configuration of a tail lift with integrated rear underrun.

If the trailer is so designed and/or equipped at the rear that, by virtue of their shape and characteristics, its

component parts can be regarded as replacing the rear underrun protective device. In this instance a test report

demonstrating that it meets requires strength needs to be submitted with application.

A= min. 100mm

B= max. 550mm unladen

https://www.unece.org/?id=39143


Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56


ATC Inspection

When the trailer is being assessed at an ATC as regards its rear underrun protection, it is assessed

as regards:

• RUP is a type approved component. This is evident by an e-mark affixed to device (see Figure A

below)

• It’s rating is sufficient for the trailer fitted. The type approval certificate (item no 10, see figure B

below) shall state what is the maximum mass of vehicle it can be fitted to (unless its states

unlimited/test without limits which indicates it can be fitted to any trailer/vehicle).

• It’s installed as per manufacturers specification i.e. correct brackets, bolts (size, grade, torqued

correctly etc), connecting brackets are unmodified. See Figure C below as an example of installation

requirement from an RUP approval with drawings and bolt specification/torque requirement.

• It meets the dimensional requirements as regards ground clearance, width not exceeding width of rear

axle nor less that 200mm total either side and its distance inboard of body does not exceed 400mm

(ATC report (TR-003) outlines dimensions to be checked and limitations)

Figure A (sample of E mark on a RUP device)

Figure B (extract from RUP approval certificate, item no 10)

Figure C (extract from RUP installation requirements)


Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56


Examples of inspection failure:

• Brackets of component approved rear under run been modified

• Not installed as per manufacturers requirement i.e. not enough or incorrect bolts, not torqued correctly

• Not meeting installation dimensional requirements i.e. ground clearance ≤ 550mm or wider than rear

most axle or shorter than rearmost axle by more than 100m either side, recessed too far under body

4. Rear registration plate space

Legislation

EC Directive: 70/222/EEC

EU Regulation: 1003/2010/EU

Objective

To provide required space at the rear of the vehicle for the mounting and fixing of rear registration plates

Requirement

The space for mounting shall comprise an even or virtually even rectangular surface with the following

minimum dimensions:

Either: 520 x 120mm or

340 x 240mm

Positioning:

The centre point of the plate may not be situated to the right of the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the

vehicle.

The left-hand edge of the plate may not be situated to the left of the vertical plane which is parallel to the

longitudinal plane of symmetry and touches the extreme outer edge of the vehicle.

The plate shall be perpendicular, or practically perpendicular, to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the

vehicle.

The height of the lower edge of the plate from the ground shall not be less than 0·30 metres; the height of the

upper edge of the plate from the ground shall not be more than 1·20 metres.

ATC Inspection (TR-004)

When the trailer is being assessed at an ATC as regards having the space for a registration plate, it shall be

checked as above that there is a holder for the plate, in the correct location and visible. It is also required that

it is sufficiently illuminated (more on this at item 20 below, installation of lights/lamps)

Examples of failure:

• Plate size not the required dimension

• Not installed in correct location

• Not illuminated correctly with a UNECE Regulation No. 4 approved lamp



Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56

5. Steering effort

Legislation

EC Directive: 70/311/EEC as last amended


Objective

If any of the axles are steered axles, approval of a trailer with regard to its steering equipment.

Requirement

The steering system shall ensure easy and safe handling of the vehicle

The trailer must travel without excessive deviation or unusual vibration in its steering equipment when the

towing vehicle is travelling in a straight line on a flat and horizontal road

With the towing vehicle and trailer having adopted a steady state turn corresponding to a turning circle radius

of 25 m (see figure 2 below) at a constant speed of 5 km/h, the circle described by the rearmost outer edge of

the trailer shall be measured. This manoeuvre shall be repeated under the same conditions but at a speed of 25

km/h ± 1 km/h. During these manoeuvres, the rearmost outer edge of the trailer travelling at a speed of 25

km/h ± 1 km/h shall not move outside the circle described at a constant speed of 5 km/h by more than 0.7 m.

See figure 2 below

No part of the trailer shall move more than 0.5 m beyond the tangent to a circle with a radius of 25 m when

towed by a vehicle leaving the circular path described in paragraph item 3 above. along the tangent and

travelling at a speed of 25 km/h.



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5. Steering effort

ATC Inspection (TR-005)

The two figures above (figure 2 and 3) show the turning circle that the towing vehicle and the trailer must

carry out.

Test area requirements:

The tests outlined above must be performed in a flat open area test site, marked out accordingly with

minimum dimension of 65m x 65m to allow space for manoeuvrability tests.

For the ATC to determine that the trailer has performed the same turning circle (within limits specified), it is

required that a liquid bottle of a visible liquid is positioned on the rear left corner of the trailer. This liquid

should leave a trail on the route specified so that when the cycle is repeated it can check to see that the liquid

on 2nd cycle traces the first within the limits allowed (see distance between R 1 and R2 as in figure 2 above)

9. Brakes

Legislation

EC Directive 71/320/EEC as last amended

UN Regulation: UNECE-R13

Objective

That the trailers braking system meets minimum braking requirements (O1 optional, O2 mandatory)

Requirement (O1, O2)

If a category O1 or O2 trailer is fitted with inertia (over run) braking systems, the following is required to

show compliance with braking requirements:

• Technical reports for the overrun device and the brakes (appendix 2 and 3 of Annex VIII of

71/320/EEC or UNECE R13). The manufacturer of the braked axles and over run coupling device

must supply you with this.

• Compatibility report between overrun device and brake (appendix 4 of Annex VIII of 71/320/EEC).

This can also be supplied from the manufacturer of the braked axles and over run device. It provides

evidence that the overrun device and brakes are compatible for the mass of the trailer

• Braking systems shall activate if the coupling separates when in motion. For trailers less than 1.5 tons

a breakaway cable which gives residual steering action on the trailer in the event of separation shall

meet the above requirement

• Parking brake test on an 18-degree gradient

• Check to see if reverse is capable with towing vehicle

• Visual assessment of the sliding members of the control device to ensure it is long enough to enable

the brake to be fully applied, even when the trailer is coupled. The sliding members shall be protected

by a bellows or some equivalent device.

Please note that the above is a summarised version for information purposes only showing main requirements

for inertia braking systems. Alternative braking systems and requirements can also be considered (see

legislation above)



Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56

9. Brakes

ATC Inspection (O1, O2 Inertia overrun brakes)

The applicant/trailer manufacturer, if fitted over run inertia brakes to the trailer, should have received two test

reports and a compatibility report to connect both from the axle/ coupling head supplier. NSAI shall seek

these before scheduling any ATC inspection. These reports outline what the maximum mass of the trailer can

be.

When ordering these parts ensure they are spec’d for the design mass of trailer intended. Ensure that all

components of the braking system are installed as per manufacturer installation requirements

The ATC shall do a visual inspection of the linkage roads, bellows and all connections. The coupling plate

and axle plate should refence the test reports specified above. ATC shall verify this.

The ATC shall also carry out a parking brake test. This requires the fully laden trailer (loaded to the maximum

design weight) to be held on an 18-degree gradient with the trailer uncoupled and hand brake applied. The

applicant/manufacturer must present the trailer at an ATC laden or with the possibility of making it laden for

this test

Legislation



Objective

That the trailers braking system meets minimum braking requirements (O3, O4 mandatory)

Requirement (O3, O4)

Note:

Approved axles and braking equipment installed as per manufacturers installation requirements. These

approved components should come with a test report to show that they have the relevant tests carried out on

them (Type 0 and Type III). Without these reports a full brake test as per UNECE R13 shall be required at an

accredited technical service

Service brake

1. The vehicle must be fitted with a service braking system that is completely independent of the

control of the parking brake, capable of functioning on all wheels by a single means of operation,

which will gradually increase or reduce the braking force through action of the control.

2. The ‘service’ braking system must be capable of being operated from the driving seat, whilst keeping

both hands on the steering wheel. This does not apply to the controls for use by a disabled driver,

providing the adaptation allows him/her to control the steering at all times while operating either

braking system.

3. The ‘service’ braking system must be capable of being operated to slow down the vehicle when it is

moving in a forward or reverse direction.

Secondary

4. The vehicle must be fitted with a split (dual) circuit brake system with each part of the system operating on

at least 50% of the wheels (on each side), capable of operating in the event of a failure of the service brake or

its power assistance. Vehicles equipped to tow braked trailers must be fitted with a trailer brake valve.



Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56

9. Brakes

Parking

5. The ‘parking’ braking system must be capable of being operated from the driving seat, whilst

keeping one hand on the steering wheel.

6. The ‘parking’ braking system must be capable of being operated and released whether the vehicle is

stationary or moving.

7. The ‘parking’ braking system must be capable of being operated on at least 50% of the wheels

enabling the vehicle to be held on an up or down gradient even in the absence of the driver.

8. The ‘parking’ braking system must be capable of being operated using a control which is

independent of the service brake, and once applied capable of being maintained in the ‘on’ position

solely by mechanical means.

Additional Requirements for Trailers

1. Trailers of category O1 need not be fitted with a service braking system; however,

if trailers of this category are equipped with a service braking system, this shall comply with the same

requirements as those of category O2.

2. Trailers of categories O1 and O2 with a maximum mass greater than 1500kg shall be fitted with a

breakaway cable. The following requirements apply

• The breakaway cable shall apply the trailer brakes in the event of detachment.

o For unbraked O1 trailers it is enough for the unbraked O1 trailer to be fitted with a

breakaway cable which, in the event of detachment, can stop the drawbar from

touching the ground and provide some residual steering action of the trailer.

• The breakaway cable shall be fitted with an attachment device that enables the cable to be

fitted to any suitable drawing vehicle.

• The breakaway cable shall be fitted with a guide to ensure that the brake is applied with the

trailer at any towing angle in the event of detachment.

3. Every trailer of category O2 shall be fitted with a service braking system either of the continuous or semi-

continuous type or of the inertia (overrun) type.

4. Every trailer of category O3 or O4 shall be fitted with a service braking system of the continuous or semi-

continuous type.

5. The service braking system shall act on all the wheels of the trailer.

6. The action of the service braking system shall be suitably distributed among the axles.

7. The action of every braking system shall be distributed between the wheels of each axle symmetrically in

relation to the longitudinal median plane of the vehicle.

8. The braking surfaces required to attain the prescribed degree of effectiveness shall be in constant contact

with the wheels, either rigidly or through components not liable to failure.


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9. Brakes

9. Wear of the brakes shall be easily compensated by a system of manual or automatic adjustment. In addition,

the control and the components of the transmission and of the brakes shall possess a reserve of travel and if

necessary, suitable means of compensation such that, when the brakes become heated or when the brake

linings have reached a certain degree of wear, effective braking shall be ensured without immediate

adjustment being necessary.

10. Wear adjustment shall be automatic for the service brakes. However, the fitting of automatic adjustment

devices is optional for vehicles of categories O1 and O2.

Automatic wear adjustment devices shall be such that after heating followed by

cooling of the brakes, effective braking is still ensured. In particular, the vehicle shall remain capable of

normal running after the tests conducted in accordance with Annex II, point 1.3 (Type I test) and Annex II,

point 1.6 (Type III test).

11. It shall be possible to easily check the wear on service brake linings from the outside or underside of the

vehicle, utilising only the tools or equipment normally supplied with the vehicle; for instance, by the provision

of appropriate inspection holes or by some other means.

12. The braking systems shall be such that the trailer is stopped automatically if the coupling separates while

the trailer is in motion. However, this requirement does not apply to trailers with a maximum mass not

exceeding 1.5 metric tons provided that the trailers are fitted, in addition to the main coupling, with a

secondary coupling (chain, cable, etc.), which, in the event of separation of the main coupling, can stop the

drawbar from touching the ground and provide some residual steering action on the trailer.

13. On every trailer which is required to be fitted with a service braking system, parking braking shall be

ensured even when the trailer is separated from the towing vehicle. It shall be possible for a person standing

on the ground to actuate the parking braking system; however, in the case of a trailer used for the carriage of

passengers, it shall be possible to actuate this braking system from inside the trailer. The expression ‘actuate’

also covers the action of releasing.

14. If the trailer is fitted with a device enabling compressed-air actuation of the braking system, other than the

parking braking system, to be cut out, the device shall be so designed and constructed that is positively

restored to the ‘at rest’ position not later than on the resumption of the supply of compressed air to the trailer.

15. Trailers of categories O3 and O4 fitted with a two-line air supply system. In the case of a fracture or leak

in one of the air supply lines (or in such other type of connection as may be adopted), it shall nevertheless be

possible for the driver to fully or partially actuate the trailer brakes, by means either of the service braking

system control or of the secondary braking system control or of the parking braking system control, unless the

fracture or leak automatically causes the trailer to be braked with the following braking performance:

• The automatic braking performance in the event of a total pressure loss in the air supply line,

when testing the laden vehicle from 40 km/h, shall not be less than 13.5 % of the maximum

stationary wheel load.

• Wheel-locking at performance levels above 13.5 % is permitted.

16. Trailers of categories O3 and O4 shall be equipped with anti-lock systems in accordance with the Anti-

Lock Braking System requirements of EC Directive 71/320/EC and or UNECE R13.


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9. Brakes

17. If trailers not mentioned in point 15. Above are fitted with anti-lock systems, they shall comply with the

Anti-Lock Braking System requirements of EC Directive 71/320/EC and or UNECE R13.

18. The auxiliary equipment shall be supplied with energy in such a way that during its operation, the service

braking energy storage device(s) shall be maintained at a pressure of at least 80 % of the minimum towing

vehicle supply pressure of at least 7 bar (1).

19. In the event of a break or leak from the auxiliary equipment or any associated pipes, the sum of the forces

exerted at the periphery of the braked wheels shall be at least 80 % of the value prescribed for the trailers as

outlined below:

• If the service braking system is of the continuous or semi-continuous type, the sum of the

forces exerted at the periphery of the braked wheels shall be at least X % of the maximum

stationary wheel load, X having the following values:

o Full trailer, laden and unladen 50%

o Semi-trailer, laden and unladen 45%

o Centre-axle trailer, laden and unladen 50%

• Where the trailer is fitted with a compressed-air braking system, the pressure in the control

line shall not exceed 6.5 bar (1) and the pressure in the supply line shall not exceed 7.0 bar (1)

during the brake test.

(1) The pressures specified here are relative pressures measured in bars.

Response Time (extract from Annex 4 of R13)

4. Response time

4.1. Where a vehicle is equipped with a service braking system which is totally or partially dependent on a

source of energy other than the muscular effort of the driver, the following requirements shall be satisfied:

4.1.1. In an emergency manoeuvre, the time elapsing between the moment when the control device begins to

be actuated and the moment when the braking force on the least favourably placed axle reaches the level

corresponding to the prescribed performance shall not exceed 0.6 seconds

4.1.2. In the case of vehicles fitted with compressed-air braking systems, the requirements of paragraph 4.1.1.

above are considered to be satisfied if the vehicle complies with the provisions of Annex 6 to this Regulation.

4.1.3. In the case of vehicles fitted with hydraulic braking systems, the requirements of paragraph 4.1.1. above

are considered to be satisfied if, in an emergency manoeuvre, the deceleration of the vehicle or the pressure at

the least favourable brake cylinder, reaches a level corresponding to the prescribed performance within 0.6

seconds.

See Appendix below for additional information on response times and testing

ATC Inspection

The ATC shall carry out a roller brake test to record the braking effort and calculate the braking efficiency.

See IVA test manual “Inspection and Test Procedures for Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA)” for full test

requirements and ATC report TR009 in appendix below for additional information and ATC inspection

checklist


Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56

10. Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Legislation



Objective

The ability of a vehicle to function satisfactorily in its electromagnetic environment without introducing

intolerable electromagnetic disturbances to anything in that environment

Requirement

All electronic components added during the build must have the relevant component type approval as per

legislation above. The relevant components must be approved to the EMC legislation and installed in

accordance with manufacturers installation instructions

ATC Inspection

ATC can visually assess the vehicle or trailer to check that all additional electronic components have the

correct e-mark on device.

See photo image below of an example of an EMC approval marking

Examples of devices on trailers which would require an EMC approval marking would be:

• Refrigeration units for conditioned trailers

• LED lamps

• Brake modulator for electronic braking systems (O3, O4)

Example of an EMC approval mark on device

The example sample approval marking below indicates 10R in the marking which means the device is

approved to UNECE R10. The “05” indicates the amending series of R10 which device was tested to. It is

only a sample marking, hence the “XXXX”. If an actual approval marking this would be a sequential number

as issued by the Approval Authority (E24 below indicates the Irish Approval Authority)

Example of failure

• Component not having EMC E mark on device

• Component having an E mark but to an early version of the regulation e.g. in the sample approval

number in the image above, if the amending series was “02” and not “05” this would be a fail as the

minimum amending series is “03”

• Device not installed correctly (see general construction section 0 above)



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18. Manufacturer’s Statutory plates and identification (Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)/Unique

Identifier)

Legislation



Objective

manufacturer’s statutory plate’ means a plate or label, affixed by the manufacturer on a vehicle that provide

the main technical characteristics which are necessary for the identification of the vehicle and provides the

competent authorities with the relevant information concerning the permissible maximum laden masses

vehicle identification number’ (VIN) means the alphanumeric code assigned to a vehicle by the manufacturer

in order to ensure proper identification of every vehicle

Requirement (Manufacturer’s Statutory plates)

1.1. Each trailer shall be fitted with the manufacturer’s statutory plate described legislation above.

1.2. The manufacturer’s statutory plate shall be affixed by the trailer manufacturer or his representative.

1.3. The manufacturer’s statutory plate shall consist either of:

(a) a rectangular sheet of metal;

(b) a rectangular self-adhesive label.

1.4. Metallic plates shall be fastened with rivets.

1.5. Labels shall be tamper evident, fraud resistant and self-destructive in case there is an attempt to remove

the label.

The following information shall be printed indelibly on the manufacturer’s statutory plate in the order listed:

(a) the manufacturer’s company name;

(b) the whole vehicle type-approval number;

(c) the vehicle identification number/Unique Identifier;

(d) the technically permissible maximum laden mass;

(e) the technically permissible maximum mass of the combination;

(f) the technically permissible maximum mass on each axle listed in order from front to rear. The technically

permissible maximum static vertical mass on the coupling point shall be mentioned. The coupling point shall

be deemed the first axle and be numbered ‘0’

1.6. The height of the characters shall not be less than 4 mm

Example of Manufacturer’s Statutory plate (as per requirements above)



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18. Manufacturer’s Statutory plates and identification (Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)/Unique

Identifier)

Requirement

A VIN shall be marked on each vehicle.

The VIN shall be unique and unequivocally attributed to a particular vehicle.

The VIN shall be marked on the chassis or the vehicle when the vehicle leaves the production line.

The manufacturer shall ensure the traceability of the vehicle by means of the VIN over a period of 30 years

The height of the characters of the VIN stamped on the chassis shall be no less than 7 mm.

There shall be no space between the characters.

The use of the letters ‘I’, ‘O’ or ‘Q’ shall not be permitted.

Example of VIN structure

Additional information

NSAI are also the competent body for issuing a WMI (world manufacturer identifier) for manufactures

located in Ireland. These are issued in accordance with ISO 3780: 2009 “Road Vehicle- World manufacturer

identifier (WMI) code”

More information on this can be found on the NSAI website:

https://www.nsai.ie/certification/automotive/transport-schemes/world-manufacturer-identifier/

https://www.nsai.ie/certification/automotive/transport-schemes/world-manufacturer-identifier/


Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56

20. Installation of lighting and light signalling devices

Legislation


UN Regulation: UN ECE R48

Objective

Approval of a vehicle means the approval of a vehicle type with regard to the number and mode of installation

of the lighting and light-signalling devices

Requirement

The requirements shall be limited to the installation of approved components as appropriate to the

location, of the requisite number, installed in the specified positions, with the required geometric

visibility and that operate in accordance with the technical requirements of UNECE Regulation 48.03.

General requirements

All obligatory and optional components must be securely fitted to the vehicle (see table below)

The vehicle must not be fitted with a lamp or retro reflective material capable of showing a red light to

the front.

The vehicle must not be fitted with a lamp or retro reflective material capable of showing a light other

than red to the rear* except for

• an amber light from a direction indicator

• a white light from a work lamp, reversing lamp, interior lamp, or a registration plate lamp

• a yellow light from a registration plate

• an amber light from a side marker light

• emergency vehicles only, a blue light from a warning lamp or beacon.

* an area the sides of which are at an angle of 15 degrees out from the extreme outer edge of the

vehicle, (starting from the rear corner) and extending up to 25mtrs from the rear of the vehicle

(measured along the vehicle longitudinal axis)

All lamps and reflectors fitted to the vehicle must not move by swivelling, deflecting or otherwise

while the vehicle is in motion, except for:

• any lamp or reflector which by design can be deflected to the side with the movement of the front

wheel or wheels of the vehicle when turned for the purpose of steering the vehicle

• a headlamp for adjustment or dipping of the beam

• a headlamp which can be retracted or concealed

• a work lamp, used to illuminate a working area or the scene of an accident, breakdown or road works

in the vicinity of the vehicle to which it is fitted.

When every door, tailgate, boot lid, or other movable part is in the fixed open position (any position in

which the component will remain, with or without a fixed stay) the

• front and rear position lamps

• front and rear indicators

• rear retro reflectors

must have part of the apparent surface visible



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General requirements

Front Position:

Front and rear position, side marker, end outline marker, and rear registration lamps must be switched

on and off with one switch.

Rear Position:



Stop:

They must only illuminate when the service brake is applied, and must extinguish when the service

brake is released.

End Outline Marker:



Side Outline Marker:



Direction Indicators and Hazard Warning:

The indicators must flash at a rate of between 60 and 120 times a minute (with all mandatory indicators

working, and with the engine running if initially below the requirement).

There must be an audible or visual tell-tale fitted to indicate the operation of any Indicators.

The hazard warning lights must operate with the ignition switched on and off.

The hazard warning device must operate all of the direction indicators simultaneously.

The hazard warning device must have a tell-tale warning light.

Rear Registration:



Rear Fog:

The rear fog lamp(s) must only illuminate when dipped beam, main beam, or front fog lamps are lit.

The rear fog lamps must not be affected by switching on or off any other lamps (except those above).

Can be switched off independently of any other lamp.

Must be fitted with an operational “tell-tale” lamp (non-flashing) visible from the driving position.

Must not be operated by a brake control.

Fitted so that the reflector is facing squarely to the rear.

An optional rear fog lamp must form a matched pair with the obligatory lamp.

An optional rear fog lamp must only operate with the obligatory rear fog lamp.

Reversing:

They must emit white light.

They must be positioned to face the rear.

Reversing lamps must operate by selection of reverse gear, or be fitted with a telltale

warning device


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Specific requirements

Function Colour Presence Number Arrangement Position*

Geometric Visibility ß=horizontal angle

α= vertical angle

Reversing

Lamp

(6.4 of Reg.48)

Reg. 23

White Mandatory

O2, O3,O4,

optional on O1

trailers

Category AR

1 mandatory on

O2, O3, O4

trailers

and 2nd

mandatory

length >6m

No individual

specification

Width - no

requirement

Height -above

250 – below

1200 mm

α =15° upwards and 5°

downwards

ß=45° to right and left if

one device.

30°if two installed

Direction

Indicators

(6.5 Reg.48)

Reg. 6

Amber Mandatory

Category 2a or

2b at rear

Optional

3 category 5 or

1 category 6

per side if

length>9m

2 mandatory

rear

+ 2 optional

2 rear Width:

< 400mm from

edge

Width-inner

edges not less

than 600mm

apart. 400mm

if overall width

trailer less

1300mm

Height: 350-

1500mm

α = 15° upwards and

downwards

ß=80° outwards and 45°

inwards

Hazard

Warning

(6.6 Reg.48)

Reg. 6

Amber Mandatory 2 2 rear See direction

indicators

above

See direction indicators

above

Stop Lamp

(6.7 of Reg.48)

Reg. 7

Red Mandatory

Category S1 or

S2

2 no special

arrangements

Width

<400mm to

edge-inner

edges not less

than 600mm

apart. 400mm

if overall width

trailer less

1300mm

H: 350-

1500mm

(2100mm if

1500mm not

possible)


downwards

ß=45° to right and left

Rear

Registration

Plate Lamp

(6.8 R48)

Reg. 4

White Mandatory

Category L

Such that the

device

illuminates the

plate

Such that the

device

illuminates the

plate

Such that the

device

illuminates the

plate

Such that the device

illuminates the plate

Front Position

Lamp

(6.9 Reg.48)

Reg. 7

White Mandatory on

trailers if

> 1600mm

wide

Category A

2 no special

arrangements

W: < 150mm

from edge

H: 350-

2100mm


downwards


inwards

Rear Position

Lamp

(6.10 Reg.48)

Reg. 7

Red Mandatory

Category

RorR1orR2

2,

see R-48

no special

arrangements

W: <400mm

H: 350-

1500mm

(2100mm if

1500mm not

possible)


downwards


inwards


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Specific requirements

Function Colour Presence Number Arrangement Position*

Geometric

Visibility ß=horizontal

angle

α= vertical

angle

Rear Fog

Lamp

(6.11 Reg.48)

Reg. 38

Red Mandatory

Category

F or F1 or F2

1 or 2 no special

arrangements

See R-48

H: 250-1000mm

α = 5° upwards

and downwards

ß=25° right

and left

End-Outline

Marker Lamp

(6.13 Reg.48)

Reg. 7

White Front,

Red Rear

Mandatory if width

>2.1m

Category

A or AM (front)

R,R1,R2,RM1orRM2

(Rear)

2 front,

2 rear

no special

arrangements

W: < 400mm

and as close as

possible to edge

H: at max.

height

compatible with

design

α = 15° above

and below

ß=30° inwards

and outwards

Rear Retro-

Reflector

Triangular

(6.15 Reg.48)

Reg. 3

Red Mandatory

Category class IIIA

or IIIB

2

Apex of ▲

directed

upwards

W: < 400mm

H:250-900 or

1200 or 1500

See R-48

α = 15° above

and below

ß=30° inwards

and outwards

Front Retro-

Reflector Non-

Triangular

(6.16 Reg.48)

Reg. 3

White Mandatory

Category class IA or

IB

2

No special

arrangements

W < 150mm

H: 250-900mm

(1500mm if

900mm not

possible)

α = 10° above

and below

ß=30° inwards

and outwards

Side Retro-

Reflector Non-

Triangular

(6.17 Reg.48)

Reg. 3

Amber Mandatory

Category class IA or

IB

See R-48 No special

arrangements

H: 250-

900mm(1500mm

if 900mm not

possible)

L: fitted middle

third and

distance between

adjacent

reflectors

<3m.See R-48

α = 10° above

and below

ß=45° front

and to the rear

Side-Marker

Lamps

(6.18 Reg.48)

Reg. 91

Amber Mandatory if: > 6m

long,

Category SM1

See R-48 No special

arrangements

H: 250-

900mm(1500mm

if 900mm not

possible)

L: fitted middle

third and

distance between

adjacent

reflectors

<3m.See R-48

α = 10° above

and below

ß=45° front

and to the rear

Conspicuity

Markings

(6.21 Reg.48)

Reg. 104

white/yellow

side,

red

rear

Mandatory

if:>2100mm width

O3, O4

Full contour

markings rear

>6mlong partial

contour to side

See R-48

See R-48

See R-48

See R-48


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Explanatory notes on table above

The table above is an extracted tabular form of requirements from UNECE Regulation No. 48 “Installation of

lighting and light signalling devices”. It is intended for information purposes only and the actual legislation

should be reviewed for full requirements.

The 1st column from the left in green above “Function” indicates the function of the lighting device, its actual

reference in legislation UNECE Regulation No. 48 and also the Regulation the actual individual component

was approved to.

For example, for reversing lamp above, the actual installation requirement can be found under section 6.4 of

UNECE Regulation No. 48. The component reversing lamp was approved under legislation UNECE No.23

“Approval of Reversing Lamps for Power-Driven Vehicles and their Trailers”

The 2nd column from the left indicates the mandatory colour of the lamp or reflector

The 3rd column from the left indicates if its mandatory to be fitted or not. This is dependent on the category

and actual dimension of the vehicle

The 4th and 5th column from the left indicates the number and arrangement as applicable

The 6th column from the left indicates its dimension location as required

The 7th column from the left indicates the actual geometric visibility angles that must be evident after installed

on the vehicle

ATC Inspection

• The trailer shall be assessed at a suitable location, unladen and positioned as level as possible at the

ATC premises and connected to an appropriate towing vehicle

• The trailer shall be assessed as to having the correct number of approved lamps/reflectors as required,

installed in the correct location, have the required geometric visibility and correct operation/activation.

• To determine the correct location of lamps/reflectors:

- The height is the dimension from the ground directly horizontal to the centre of the

light emitting surface

- The width is the dimension from the edge of the trailer to the centre of the light

emitting surface

- When required to check the distance apart between two devices, this is the distance

from the centres of the light emitting surfaces of both devices

• To determine the geometric visibility of lamps/reflectors:

- Each relevant device shall be operated as required e.g. reversing lamp activated by

selection of reverse gear, brake lamp activated by brake pedal etc.

- The ATC inspector shall check that each lamp/reflector has the correct minimum

geometric visibility evident for each one. The ATC inspector shall check that from the

centre of reference of each lamp i.e. typically centre point of apparent surface of

device, that the horizontal and vertical angles are not obstructed by the design

- Suitable gauges shall be required for this check (see example of gauges below)


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ATC Inspection

Example of gauges to be used for checking geometric visibility

See Appendix below for dimensioned CAD drawing of gauges for manufacture


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ATC Inspection

Use gauges to be used for checking geometric visibility


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Example of marking on lamps

Above is an example of an approval mark on a lamp cluster. The letter “F” indicates Fog lamp function, “2a”

indicates direction indicator function, “AR” indicates reversing lamp function, “R” indicates rear position

lamp function, “S1” indicates stop lamp function. The two digits directly underneath each letter indicates the

series of amendments it complies to. The “E9” in the circle is the country it was approved in. The number

underneath E9 “1432” is the sequential approval number assigned by the country which approved


Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56


Examples of failure at an ATC

• Devices in wrong location

• Not enough or too many devices fitted

• Geometric visibility not evident

• Device fitted to an area which may be obstructed by moving part e.g. tail gate or doors fitted where if

not closed obstruct/block off mandatory lamps/reflectors


Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56

42. Lateral protection

Legislation


UN Regulation: UN ECE R73

Objective

Every vehicle and trailer shall be so constructed and/or equipped as to offer, when a complete entity, effective

protection to unprotected road users (pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists) against the risk of falling under the

sides of the vehicle and being caught under the wheels.

General Requirement

Vehicles and trailers shall be deemed to satisfy the requirements set out in the opening paragraph if their side

parts provide protection conforming to the provisions below. This can be achieved by:

• The design of the vehicle or trailer, or

• By the fitting of side-guards to the vehicle or trailer.

Lateral protection components must meet the dimensional requirements set out below but also, must meet the

following strength requirements:

LPD shall be considered suitable if they are capable of withstanding a horizontal static force of 1kN applied

perpendicularly to any part of their external surface by the centre of a ram the face of which is circular and

flat, with a diameter of 220mm +/- 10 mm, and if the deflection of the device under load measured at the

centre of the ram is then not more than:

• 30 mm over the rearmost 250 mm of the device; and

• 150 mm over the remainder of the device.

These strength requirements can be verified with the following methods:

• A type approval certificate to regulation 73 from the component manufacturer

• A test report from a physical test carried out on a representative design

• A test report from a virtual test carried out using some Finite Element Analysis software such

as Ansys, SolidWorks etc.

Side-guards, where fitted, shall be of adequate construction so as to provide effective protection to

unprotected road users against the risk of falling under the sides of the vehicle and being caught under the

wheels.

Note:

The following parts may be incorporated in the side-guard as long as all of the dimensional requirements are

met:

• Battery box.

• Air tanks.

• Fuel tanks.

• Lamps.

• Reflectors.

• Spare wheels.

• Tool boxes.



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Characteristics of the side guard

Side-guards shall comply with the required dimensional standards and have no protruding parts.

Note 1

If the sides of the vehicle/trailer are so designed and/or equipped that by their shape and characteristics meet

the dimensional and strength requirements of this section, they may be regarded as replacing the side-guards.

Note 2

The upper edge of the guard shall not be more than 350mm below that part of the structure of the

vehicle/trailer, cut or contacted by a vertical plane tangential to the outer surface of the tyres. See below.

An exception is made in the following cases:

o Where the plane does not cut the structure of the vehicle (see Figure 1), the upper

edge shall be level with the surface of the load carrying platform OR 950mm from

the ground, whichever is the less.

Figure 1


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o Where the plane cuts the structure of the vehicle at a level more than 1.3m above the

ground (see Figure 2 below), then the upper edge of the side guard shall not be less

than 950mm above the ground.

Figure 2

Note 3

Dome shaped bolt-heads and rivets of less than 10mm in height are acceptable.

Note 4

Combinations of surfaces and rails shall be considered as a continuous side-guard as long as the gaps between

them are no greater than 25mm. See below.

Note 5

If the vehicle cab is narrower than the body then the side guard must be angled to meet the cab.

If the guard complies with items 24, 25 or 26 then it is does not have to comply with items 27, 28 or 29.


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Installation requirement

1. There must be no modifications to the lateral protection system that could invalidate documentary evidence,

unless the requirements can still be assured by an installation check.

2. The vehicle is accompanied by satisfactory evidence of compliance regarding the performance of the

protective system.

3. A side-guard device must be fitted to the vehicle (unless exempt).

4. A side-guard device must be attached securely.

5. It must be attached as per manufacturer’s instructions.

6. The side-guard must have a ground clearance of 550 mm or less.

7. The side-guard must be within 350 mm of the body line (see note 2).

8. The side-guard must be no more than 120mm inboard from the outermost plane of the vehicle.

9. The side-guard must consist of at least one horizontal rail.

10. If more than one horizontal rail is used, the rails must be not more than 300mm apart.

11. For O4 vehicles it must have a section height of at least 100 mm.

12. For O3 vehicles it must have a section height of at least 50 mm.

13. It must have a forward facing edge of at least 100 mm.

14. It must have a smooth or horizontally corrugated surface.

15. Any external edges and corners must be rounded with a radius of at least 2.5mm.

16. It must not increase the overall width of the vehicle.

17. The device must not be used for the attachment of air or hydraulic brake pipes.

18. There must be no projecting brackets or bolt-heads (see note 3).

19. It must be continuous in length (see note 4).


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20. The device must have the rearward edge of the guard extend to within 300mm of the tyre on the first

rear axle. See Figure 3 below.

Figure 3

21. The device must not have the rearward end more than 30mm inboard from the outermost edge of the

rear tyres over at least the last 250mm of the guard. See Figure 4 below.

Figure 4

22. The device must have the front edge of the guard within 300 mm from the rear of the tyre on the

front wheel (or second wheel if two front axles are fitted). See Figure 3 above.


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Where the 300 mm dimension falls within the vehicles cab then:

23. The guard must be constructed as to meet the cab.

24. Where required, it must be turned inwards through an angle of not more than 45 degrees (see Error! R

eference source not found.above).

25. It must have a gap of 100 mm maximum between the guard and the cab panel for tilting or suspended

cabs.

Where the forward edge lies in otherwise open space then it must consist of:

26. A continuous vertical member extending over the whole height of the member.

27. The outer and forward faces must measure at least 50 mm rearward and be turned 100 mm inwards

in the case of an O3 vehicle.

28. The outer and forward faces must measure at least 100 mm rearward and be turned 100 mm inwards

in the case of an O4 vehicle.

Where equipment is incorporated into the side guard:

29. The device must have a smooth or horizontally corrugated outer surface.

30. It should be substantially flat or horizontally corrugated.

31. There must not be a gap of more than 25 mm between it and the guard.

32. There must be no projecting brackets or hinges.

33. It must not have protruding bolt heads.

34. Any external edges and corners must be rounded with a radius of at least 2.5mm.

Adjacent parts may however overlap provided that:

35. They have an overlapping edge that faces rearwards.

36. They have an overlapping edge that faces downwards.


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43. Spray Suppression

Legislation



Objective

To reduce the pulverisation of water thrown upwards by the tyres of a vehicle in motion

An ATC inspection will be required for the following possibilities:

Spray-suppression supplied with the base vehicle:

If these are interfered with during the build then a Spray-Suppression test carried out by an ATC will be

required for granting of a National approval. The Spray-Suppression Requirements below must be followed to

bring the completed vehicle back into compliance.

Fitting of spray-suppression system is part of the build:

A spray-suppression test carried out by an ATC will be required for grant of National approval. The Spray-

Suppression Requirements below must be followed for the completed vehicle to be in compliance with the

spray-suppression National approval requirements.

Body Builders quality systems and control plans shall identify what level of spray-suppression is

required for the build taking account of the above and the definitions below:

Spray-suppression system:

This is a system intended to reduce the pulverization of water thrown upwards by the tyres of a vehicle in

motion. The spray-suppression system is variously made up of a mudguard, rain flaps and valances equipped

with a spray-suppression device.

Mudguard:

This is a rigid or semi-rigid component intended to trap the water thrown up by tyres in motion and to direct it

towards the ground. Mudguards may entirely or partially form an integral part of the vehicle bodywork or

other parts of the vehicle such as the lower part of the load platform, etc.

Rain flap:

This is a flexible component mounted vertically behind the wheel, on the lower part of the chassis or the

loading surface, or on the mudguard.

The rain flap must also reduce the risk of small objects, in particular pebbles, being picked up from the ground

by the tyres and thrown upwards or side wards towards other road users.



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Spray-suppression device:

This is a part of the spray-suppression system and can be either of the following:

1. Air/water separator:

This is a component forming part of the valance and/or of the rain flap through which air can pass whilst

reducing pulverized water emissions.

2. Energy absorber:

This is a component forming part of the mudguard and/or valance and/or rain flap which absorbs the energy of

water spray, thus reducing pulverized water spray.

Exceptions to the fitting of spray-suppression devices:

• Except where fitted, the spray-suppression requirements do not apply to “off-road” vehicles

as defined in EC Directive 2007/46/EC. However, if spray-suppression devices are fitted to

these vehicles they must comply with these requirements.

• Spray-suppression requirements do not apply to vehicles where the use of spray-suppression

devices is incompatible with their use (e.g. steered axles on a low loader semi-trailer).

However, if spray-suppression devices are fitted to these vehicles they must comply with

these requirements.

• Spray-suppression devices are not mandatory for vehicle categories N, O1 and O2 with a

permissible maximum laden mass not exceeding 7.5 tonnes. However, if spray-suppression

devices are fitted to these vehicles they must comply with these requirements.

Spray-Suppression Requirements:

Road wheels must have associated with them equipment or part of the body which, as far as is practicable,

catches mud or water thrown up by the wheels as they rotate.

Check that the wing covers the whole width of the tyre especially where wide “Super Single” tyres are fitted

to the front axle.

The spray-suppression material must be of an approved type.

Mud flaps

If a mud flap is an extension to a wing or similar fitting, where a mud flap is fitted in place of a wing, i.e. it

serves the purpose of a wing (as on some semi-trailers) it must be treated as a wing and be securely fixed to

prevent excessive movement.


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Lifting axles

Where a vehicle is fitted with one or more lifting axles, the spray-suppression system must cover all the

wheels when the axle is lowered and the remaining wheels which are in contact with the ground when the axle

is raised.

Self-tracking axles

Where a vehicle is fitted with a self-tracking axle, the spray-suppression system must satisfy the conditions

applicable to non-steered wheels if mounted on the pivoting part. If not mounted on that part, it must satisfy

the conditions that are applicable to steered wheels.

Please note:

In the case of single or multiple axles where the distance between the adjacent tyres is at least 250 mm, the

valance should cover the area extending from the underside of the body to at least a line formed by the tangent

to the top of the tyres and between the outer edge of the wheel flap, with which it should form a seal and the

vertical plane formed by the tangent at the front of the tyre. An outer valance must be fitted over each wheel.

The whole inner face of the outer valance, the depth of which should not be less than 100mm, must be fitted

with a suppression material.

Spray-Suppression Component Check

Evidence must be supplied to demonstrate compliance with the approval of Spray-Suppression Material.

State of vehicle for checking compliance with the requirements:

• vehicle must be unladen and with the wheels in the straight-ahead position;

• in the case of semi-trailers, the loading surfaces must be horizontal;

• the tyres must be inflated to their normal pressure.

Installation Check:

Spray-Suppression systems fitted with energy absorption spray-suppression devices for axles fitted with

non-steered or self-steering or steered wheels.

Mud Guards

1. The mudguards must cover the zone immediately above; ahead and behind the tyre or tyres see Figure 1a

and Figure 1b below.

2. The front edge of the mudguard must be no more than 45 degrees above the horizontal line of the axle (θ in

Figure 1a).

3. The rear edge of the mud guard must be no more than 100mm above the horizontal line of the axle (A in

Figure 1a).

4. In the case of multiple axles, the angle θ relates only to the foremost axles and requirements relating to the

height of the rearmost edge apply only to the rearmost axle.


Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56


5. The mudguard must possess a total width ‘q’ (Figure 1b) at least adequate to cover the width of the tyre ‘b’

or the entire width of two tyres ‘t’ in the case of twin wheels. The dimensions ‘b’ and ‘t’ shall be measured at

hub height, excluding any markings, ribs, protective bands etc. on the tyre walls.

6. Spray-Suppression material must be fitted to the front face of the rear of the guard. The material must cover

the inside of the mudguard to a height determined by a straight line running through the centre of the wheel

and forming an angle of at least 30° with the horizontal (Figure 2).

7. Where the wheel guard consists of several components there must be no gaps between or within individual

parts when assembled that will permit the exit of spray when the vehicle is in motion.

Outer Valance

8. The distance between the tyre wall and the vertical face of the valance must not exceed 100mm (‘c’ in

Figure 1b).

9. The depth of the outer valance must extend to not less than 45mm at all points behind a vertical line passing

through the centre of the wheel (Figure 1a).

Air Suspension:

10. The lower edge of the outer valance shall not exceed 1.5 x tyre radius on steered wheel and self-steering

wheels from points A to C (Figure 1a).

11. The lower edge of the outer valance shall not exceed 1.25 x tyre radius on non-steered wheels from points

A to C (Figure 1a).

Mechanical Suspension:

12. The lower edge of the outer valance shall not exceed 1.8 x tyre radius on steered and self-steering wheels

from points A to C (Figure 1a).

13. The lower edge of the outer valance shall not exceed 1.5 x tyre radius on non-steered wheels, with a

technically permissible laden mass more than 7.5 tonnes, from points A to C (Figure 1a).

14. In the case of multiple axles the requirements laid down in items 10-13 do not apply between the vertical

transversal planes passing through the centre of the first and last axles where the outer valance may be straight

in order to ensure the continuity of the spray-suppression system (Figure 3).

15. There must be no openings in the outer valances or between the outer valances and other parts of the mud

guard enabling spray to emerge when the vehicle is moving.

Rain Flaps:

16. The rain flap must be at least the full width of the tyre(s) (‘q’ in Figure 1b).


Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56


17. The orientation of the flap must be basically vertical.

18. The maximum height of the bottom edge must be no more than 200 mm above the ground. The distance is

increased to 300 mm in the case of the last axle where the radial distance of the lower edge of the outer

valancing, Rv, does not exceed the dimensions of the radius of the tyres fitted to the wheels on that axle

(Figure 2).

The maximum height of the bottom edge of the rain flap in relation to the ground may be raised to 300 mm if

the manufacturer deems it technically appropriate with regard to the suspension characteristics (Figure 2).

19. The flap must be no more than 300 mm from the rearmost edge of the tyre (Figure 2).

20. There must be no openings between the rain flap and the lower edge of the wheel guard enabling spray to

emerge.

21. The whole face of the rain flap must be covered in spray-suppression material.

22. In the case of multiple axles where distance (d) between the tyres on adjacent axles is less than 250 mm,

only the rear set of wheels must be fitted with rain flaps (Figure 3, 4a).

23. There must be a rain flap behind each wheel when the distance (d) between the tyres on adjacent axles is

at least 250 mm (Figure 3, 4b).

24. Where the spray-suppression device meets the specifications relating to rain flaps, (items 16-23) no

additional rain flap is required.

Spray-Suppression systems fitted with air/water separator spray-suppression devices for axles fitted

with steered, self-steering and non-steered wheels

Mud guard (items 1 - 7 must also be met) (Figures 5, 6):

25. In the case of multiple axles where the distance between the tyres on adjacent axles does not exceed 300

mm the mudguards must also conform to the model shown in Figure 6.

Outer Valance

26. The lower edges of the outer valances must be fitted with air/water separator spray-suppression devices.

27. The depth of the outer valance must extend to not less than 45mm, at all points behind a vertical line

passing through the centre of the wheel (Figure 5, 6).

28. In the case of single or multiple axles where the distance between the tyres on adjacent axles exceeds 300

mm, the lower edge of the spray-suppression device fitted to the outer valance must have the following

maximum dimensions and radii:

28. The lower edge of the outer valance shall not exceed 1.05 x tyre radius on steered and self-steering wheels

(Figure 5). The front edge shall be at a maximum of 30° (OC in Figure 5) with the rear edge no more than

100 mm for steered and self-steering wheels.


Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56


29. The lower edge of the outer valance shall not exceed 1.00 x tyre radius on non-steered wheels (Figure 5).

The front edge shall be at a maximum of 20° (OC in Figure 5) with the rear edge no more than 100 mm for

non-steered wheels.

30. In the case of multiple axles where the distance between the tyres on adjacent axles does not exceed 300

mm, the outer valances located in the inter-axle spaces must follow the path specified in item 25, and must

extend downwards in such a way as not to be more than 100 mm above a horizontal straight line passing

through the wheel centres.

31. There must be no openings in the outer valances or between the outer valances and the mud guard

enabling spray to emerge.

Rain Flaps (items 16, 17, 20, 22, 23 must also be met) (Figure 5):

28. A rain flap fitted with air/water separator must not be more than 200 mm from the rearmost edge of the

tyre, measured horizontally.

29. The air/water separator spray-suppression device must be at least 100 mm deep when fitted to a rain flap.

30. The lower edge of the spray-suppression device must be no more than 200mm from the ground. The

maximum height of the bottom edge of the rain flap in relation to the ground may be raised to 300 mm if the

manufacturer deems it technically appropriate with regard to the suspension characteristics.

Spray-Suppression systems fitted with energy absorption spray-suppression devices for axles fitted with

non-steered or self-steering wheels that are covered by the bodywork, floor or the lower part of the load

area

Mud Guards (items 31 & 32 not required if items 1-7 & 25 are met):

31. Mud guards must cover the zone above the tyre or tyres from the front edge of the tyre to the rain flap

located behind the wheel (Figure 4a, 4b).

32. All the inner rear part of the mud guard must be fitted with an approved spray-suppression device.

Outer Valance (items 33-36 not required if items 8-15 & 26-31 are met):

33. In the case of multiple axles an outer valance must be located above each wheel.

34. The entire inner surface of the outer valence must be fitted with an energy absorption spray-suppression

device which must be a minimum of 100mm high.

35. There must be no openings between the outer valances and the inner part of the mud guard enabling spray

to emerge.

36. Where rain flaps are not fitted behind each wheel (see items 22, 23), the outer valance must be unbroken

between the outer edge of the rain flap to the vertical plane that is tangent to the point furthest to the front of

the tyre (Figure 4a) of the first axle.


Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56


Rain Flaps:

37. These flaps must extend to the lower part of the mud guard and comply with items 16 to 22.

Where the bodywork floor forms part of the spray-suppression system:

For this situation if the spray-suppression system does not comply with the relevant items from 1 to 37,

they must comply with the following items:

Mudguards:

38. Mudguards must cover the zone immediately above the tyre or tyres. Their front and rear extremities must

extend at least to the horizontal plane that is tangent to the upper edge of the tyre or tyres (Figure 4a, 4b).

However, the rear extremity may be replaced by the rain flap, in which case this must extend to the upper part

of the mudguard (or equivalent component).

39. All of the inner rear part of the mudguard must be fitted with a spray-suppression device that meets the

requirements of EC Directive 91/226/EEC.

Outer valances:

40. In the case of single or multiple axles where the distance between the adjacent tyres is at least 250 mm, the

outer valance must cover the surface extending from the lower to the upper part of the mudguard up to a

straight line formed by the tangent to the upper edge of the tyre or tyres and lying between the vertical plane

formed by the tangent to the front of the tyre and the mudguard or rain flap located behind the wheel or

wheels (Figure 4b).

In the case of multiple axles an outer valance must be located by each wheel.

41. No openings enabling spray to emerge are allowed between the outer valance and the inner part of the

mudguard.

42. Where rain flaps are not fitted behind each wheel (see items 22, 23), the outer valance must be unbroken

between the outer edge of the rain flap to the vertical plane that is tangent to the point furthest to the front of

the tyre (Figure 4a) of the first axle.

43. The entire inner surface of the outer valance, the height of which must not be less than 100 mm, must be

fitted with an energy-absorption spray-suppression device complying with the requirements of EC Directive

91/226/EEC.


Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56


Figures 1a and 1b – Dimensions of mudguard and outer valance


Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56


Figure 2 – Position of mudguard and rain flap

Figure 3 – Diagram showing assembly of spray-suppression system (mudguard, rain flap,

outer valance) incorporating spray-suppression devices (energy absorbers) for multiple

axles


Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56


Figures 4a and 4b – Diagrams showing assembly of a spray-suppression system

incorporating spray-suppression devices (energy absorbers) for axles fitted with non-

steered or self-steering wheels


Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56


Figures 5 – Diagram showing assembly of a spray-suppression system incorporating

spray-suppression devices fitted with air/water separators for axles fitted with steered,

non-steered or self-steering wheels

Figures 6 – Diagram showing assembly of a spray-suppression system incorporating

spray-suppression devices (mudguard, rain flap, outer valance) for multiple axles where

the distance between the tyres does not exceed 300 mm

T: Extent of mudguard


Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56

46. Tyre Installation

Legislation

EC Directive: 92/23/EC


UN Regulation(s): UNECE R30.02,UNECE R30.03, UNECE R54 for durability and UNECE R117 for noise

Objective

That approved tyres are installed correctly in accordance with the structure, maximum laden mass and

maximum design speed

Requirement

- Every tyre installed must have an EC or and ECE approval mark

- All tyres have the same structure

- The space in which the wheel revolves must be such as to allow unrestricted movement when using the

maximum permissible size of tyres within the suspension and steering constraints provided by the vehicle

manufacturer.

-Check that the load capacity index corresponds with the max load for axles

-Check that the speed index corresponds to max design speed

Speed category symbol

Speed category symbol Corresponding speed

F 80

G 90

J 100

K 110

L 120

M 130

N 140

P 150

Q 160

R 170

S 180

T 190

U 200

H 210

V 240




Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56

46. Tyre Installation

Load capacity index

Asse, see figure B below


Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56

48. Masses and dimension

Legislation

EU Directive: 97/27/EEC


Objective

Assessment of trailer as regards it masses and dimensions and its manoeuvorability

Requirements (extract from 1230/2012)

1. Maximum authorised dimensions

1.1. The dimensions shall not exceed the following values:

1.1.1. Length

(a) Trailer: 12,00 m including drawbar;

(b) Semi-trailer: 12,00 m plus the front overhang.

1.1.2. Width

(a) 2,55 m for any vehicle;

(b) 2,60 m for vehicles fitted with a bodywork with insulated walls of at least 45 mm

thick, as referred to in Appendix 2 to Annex II to Directive 2007/46/EC.

1.1.3. Height: 4,00 m. (For trailers only intended for Ireland, this may be increased to 4.65m)

1.1.4. Front fitting radius of semi-trailer: 2,04 m.

1.2. For the purposes of measurement of the length, width and height, the vehicle shall be at its mass

in running order, placed on a horizontal and flat surface with tyres inflated at the pressure

recommended by the manufacturer.

1.3. The measurement of the length, height and front fitting radius shall be conducted where the

loading surface or the reference surface referred to in point 1.2.1 second subparagraph of Annex

7 to UNECE Regulation No 55 is horizontal.

Adjustable drawbars shall be horizontal and aligned with the centre-line of the vehicle. They

shall be set at their horizontal most elongated position.

1.4. Only the devices and equipment referred to in Appendix 1 below shall not be taken into account

for the determination of the dimensions referred to in point 1.1.

2. Mass

The sum of the technically permissible maximum mass at the front coupling point plus the

technically permissible maximum mass on the solo axles or group of axles plus the technically

permissible maximum mass at the rear coupling point shall be not less than the technically

permissible maximum laden mass of the vehicle.

The mass of the vehicle in running order, plus the mass of the optional equipment plus the

technically permissible maximum mass at the coupling point(s) shall not exceed the technically

permissible maximum laden mass of the vehicle.



Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56


3. Manoeuvrability requirements

3.1. Trailers and semi-trailers shall be so designed that, when coupled to a towing vehicle, the

combination is capable of manoeuvring on either side of a complete trajectory of 360° made up

of two concentric circles, the outer circle having a radius of 12,50 m and the inner circle having

a radius of 5,30 m without any of the vehicle’s outermost points of the towing vehicle

protruding beyond the outer circle or any of the outermost points of the trailer or semi-trailer

intruding inside the inner circle.

3.2. A semi-trailer shall be deemed to comply with the requirement of point 3.1. if its reference

wheelbase ‘RWB’ meets the following requirement:

RWB ≤

√(12.50 − 2.04)2 − (5.30 +𝐿

2)2

where:

‘RWB’ is the distance between the king-pin axis and the centre line of the non-steering axles.

‘W’ is the semi-trailer’s width

3.3. Where one or more of the non-steering axles has an axle lift device the reference wheelbase

with the axle lowered or the axle lifted — whichever is the longest — shall be taken into

account.

ATC Inspection

When measuring the trailer for its length width and height, the trailer must be unladen and decoupled

from the towing vehicle. Appropriate measurement tools must be used for measuring the vehicle.

See definitions below for assistance and also items not to be considered when measuring the trailer


Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56


Masses and Dimension definitions and explanatory notes:

‘Axle-lift device' means a device permanently fitted to a vehicle for the purpose of

reducing or increasing the load on the axle(s), according to the loading conditions of the

vehicle :

— either by raising the wheels clear off the ground/lowering them to the ground,

— or without raising the wheels off the ground, (e.g. in the case of air suspension

systems, or other systems ),

in order to reduce the wear on the tyres when the vehicle is not fully laden, and/or make

starting (moving off) on slippery ground easier

List of items NOT included in overall length measurement:

• Wiper and washer devices,

• Front or rear marking plates,

• Customs sealing devices and their protection,

• Devices for securing the tarpaulin and their protection,

• Lighting equipment,

• Mirrors and other devices for indirect vision,

• Watching aids,

• Air-intake pipes,

• Length stops for demountable bodies,

• Access steps and hand-holds,

• Ram rubbers and similar equipment,

• Lifting platforms, access ramps and similar equipment in running order, not

exceeding 300 mm, provided that the loading capacity of the vehicle is not

increased,

• coupling devices for motor vehicles,

• Trolley booms of electrically-propelled vehicles,

• External sun visors.

List of items NOT included in overall width measurement:

• Customs sealing devices and their protection,

• Devices for securing the tarpaulin and their protection,

• Tyre failure tell-tale devices,

• Protruding flexible parts of a spray-suppression system

• Lighting equipment,

• Mirrors and other devices for indirect vision,

• Tyre-pressure indicators,

• Retractable steps,

• The deflected part of the tyre walls immediately above the point of contact with the

ground,


Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56


Rear Overhang: The rear overhang of a vehicle should be measured from the centre of the rearmost axle to the

rear most point of the vehicle. See figure 1 below.

Note: The list above in relation to items not considered for overall length does not apply to this

measurement. The rearmost point regardless of what it is must be considered.

Figure 5

Axle Track: Axle track is the distance from the centre of the wheel on one side to the centre of the wheel on

the other side for single wheel axles. For axles with double wheels, it is the distance from the

centre of the gap between the two wheels on one side to the centre of the gap between the two

wheels on the other side. This is shown in the figure 2. The easiest way to measure this in any

case is from the outside of the outmost wheel on one side to the inside of the innermost wheel

on the other side.

Figure 6


Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56


Front overhang: front overhang’ means the horizontal distance between the vertical plane passing through the

first axle or the kingpin axle in the case of a semi-trailer and the foremost point of the vehicle;

Front Fitting Radius:

‘front fitting radius of semi-trailer’ means the horizontal distance from the axis of the kingpin to

any point at the front of the semi-trailer. This cannot exceed 2.04m to any forward points of

the semi-trailer kingpin (see illustration below)

.


Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56

50. Couplings

Legislation

EC directive: 94/20/EC


Objective

Assessment of coupling connection fitted to trailers

Class of couplings for trailers

Class B Coupling heads fitted to the drawbar of trailers for

connecting to the 50 mm diameter coupling ball on the

towing vehicle

Class B50-X Non-standard 50 mm diameter coupling heads.

Class D Drawbar eyes having a parallel hole suitable for a 50

mm diameter pin and fitted to the drawbar of trailers for

connecting to automatic drawbar couplings - see Annex

5, paragraph 4.:

Class D50-A Standard 50 mm pin diameter drawbar eyes for welded

attachment.

Class D50-B Standard 50 mm pin diameter drawbar eyes for threaded

attachment.

Class D50-C and 50-D Standard 50 mm pin diameter drawbar eyes for bolted

attachment.

Class D50-X Non-standard 50 mm pin diameter drawbar eyes

Class E Non-standard drawbars comprising overrun devices and

similar items of equipment mounted on the front of the

towed vehicle, or to the vehicle chassis, which are

suitable for coupling to the towing vehicle by means of

drawbar eyes, coupling heads or similar coupling

devices - see Annex 5, paragraph 5.

Class H Fifth wheel coupling pins, 50 mm diameter, are devices

fitted to a semitrailer to connect with the fifth wheel

coupling of the towing vehicle - see Annex 5, paragraph

8.:

Class H50-X Non-standard 50 mm pin diameter fifth wheel coupling

pins.



Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56

50. Couplings

Definitions

Note: coupling components are often referred by as regards “D value, S value, U value and V value”

The following are definitions of these values. Please refer to legislation for full details and additional

definitions not listed here. Only for information purposes

D value: The D or Dc value is the theoretical reference value for the horizontal forces in the

towing vehicle and the trailer and is used as the basis for horizontal loads in the dynamic

tests.

U value: The U value is the vertical mass, in tonnes, imposed on the fifth wheel coupling by the

semitrailer of technically permissible maximum mass.

S value: The S value is the vertical mass, in kilograms, imposed on the coupling, under static

conditions, by the centre axle trailer, as defined in paragraph 2.13., of technically

permissible maximum mass.2

V value: The V value is the theoretical reference value of the amplitude of the vertical force

imposed on the coupling by the centre axle trailer of technically permissible maximum

mass greater than 3.5 tonnes. The V value is used as the basis for vertical forces in the

dynamic tests.

ATC inspection of coupling Installation requirements

The ATC shall record all markings off coupling, check integrity of installation and assess each trailer

coupling connections as follows (as applicable):

Attachment of coupling heads of Class B (O1, O2)

Class B coupling heads are permitted for trailers of maximum mass up to and including

3. 5tonnes.With the trailer horizontal and carrying the maximum permitted axle load,

coupling heads shall be fitted so that the centre line of the spherical area into which the

ball fits is 430 ± 35 mm above the horizontal plane on which the wheels of the trailer

rest.

In the case of caravans and goods trailers, the horizontal position is regarded as when

the floor or loading surface is horizontal. In the case of trailers without such a reference

surface (e.g. boat trailers or similar) the trailer manufacturer shall give an appropriate

reference line defining the horizontal position. The height requirement shall apply only

to trailers intended to be attached to vehicles mentioned in paragraph 1.1.1. of this annex

In all cases the horizontal position shall be determined to within ±1°

The design of the drawbar including the coupling head for use on O1 and O2 centre axle

trailers shall be such as to prevent the coupling head from digging into the ground in the

event of separation from the main coupling.


Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56

50. Couplings

ATC inspection of coupling Installation requirements

Attachment of drawbar eyes on trailers

Drawbars for centre axle trailers shall have a support device which is adjustable in

height if the bearing mass at the drawbar eye on the trailer exceeds 50 kg, when the

trailer is uniformly loaded to its technically permissible maximum mass.

When attaching drawbar eyes and drawbar to centre-axle trailers with a maximum mass,

C, of more than 3.5 tonnes and more than one axle, the trailers shall be equipped with

device for axle load sharing.

Hinged drawbars shall be clear of the ground. They shall not fall below a height of 200

mm from the ground when released from the horizontal position

Attachment of coupling pins for semi-trailers

Semitrailers shall be equipped with landing gear or any other equipment which allows

uncoupling and parking of the semitrailer.

If semitrailers are equipped so that the connection of the coupling devices, the electrical

systems and braking systems can be effected automatically, the trailer shall have landing

gear which retracts from the ground automatically after the semitrailer has been coupled

up.

These requirements shall not apply in the case of semitrailers designed for special

operations where they are normally only separated in a workshop or when loading and

unloading in specifically designed operating areas.

The fixing of the fifth wheel coupling pin to the mounting plate on the semitrailer shall

be as instructed by the vehicle manufacturer or the manufacturer of the fifth wheel

coupling pin.

If a semitrailer is equipped with a steering wedge it shall meet the following

requirements:

The steering wedge shall allow safe and correct coupling and shall be spring

mounted. The strength of the spring shall be selected so that it is possible to

couple an unloaded semitrailer and so that, with the semitrailer fully loaded the

steering wedge is firmly in contact with the flanks of the coupling during use.

Uncoupling of the fifth wheel shall be possible with the semitrailer both loaded

and unloaded


Rev 01 19-03-2019 of 56

APPENDIX

ATC Inspection report for trailers of category O3 O4

Page 1 of 11 Rev.05

Important Note: ATC inspections must be completely impartial and independent of any

commercial activity associated with the trailer

The following ATC report is for inspection of category O3, O4 trailers

The full ATC report plus documents as in table below should be forwarded to NSAI. Photos of the

inspected trailer (including a photo of the VIN as on the trailer) must also be forwarded. A copy of ATC

report must also be given to applicant.

This document does not need to be completed electronically and may be completed by biro, scanned and

returned.

All relevant sections should be signed and stamped by the ATC.

The following documents may be presented with this report for ATC inspection:

SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS Present Not

present1

- Completed NSAI evaluation form

- Coupling manufacturers certificate and installation instructions for device

- Braking reports

- Rear under run, lateral rail and spray suppression documentation

- Any additionally technically relevant information e.g. drawings, weigh

docket, other type approval certificates/test reports not mentioned above

DETAILS

Applicant Name:

VIN / Unique Identifier:

Category:

Trailer description (e.g.

semi-trailer, drawbar, etc…)

Name of ATC:

Name of ATC tester:

ATC contact details Ph: Email:

Location of ATC test:

Note to ATC inspector: Please complete all sections below plus additional supplementary reports for light

installation, spray suppression, lateral rail and braking system.

1 If not available at time of inspection, can be forwarded to NSAI prior to final approval so long as it does not

prevent the ATC from carrying out relevant inspection


Page 2 of 11 Rev.05

ATC inspection checklist Performed Remarks

(if any)

General construction (item 0) Yes No

Inspection checklist as per item 0 below?

Plates (item 18) Yes No

Statutory plate and VIN inspection of trailer item 18 below?

Rear registration plate space (item 4) Yes No

Inspection of registration plate space item 4 below?

Rear under run (item 3) Yes No

Applicable rear under run section (a, b or c) item 3 below?

Tyre installation (item 46) Yes No

Inspection of tyres as per item 46 below?

Steering (item 5) Yes No

Steering check item 5 below (if one or more axles steered)?

Masses and dimensions (item 48) Yes No

Dimensional and manoeuvrability check as per item 48 below?

Coupling (item 50) Yes No

Coupling inspection as per item 50 below?

Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) (Item 10) Yes No

Inspection of additionally added electronic components item 10

below?

ATC inspection checklist (Supplementary reports) Separate reports required

to be attached

Lateral Protection (Test record TR-042) Yes No Remarks

(if any)

Separate inspection report TR-042 completed?

Spray Suppression (Test record TR-043) Yes No


Light Installation: (Test record TR-020) Yes No


Brakes (test record TR-009) Yes No


Remarks(if any)


Page 3 of 11 Rev.05

0. General construction requirements (TR-000) (extracted requirements from S.I 280 of 2017)

Compliance with

requirements

(Yes/No/remarks)

Requirements: Yes No

1. All aspects of the design and construction of the vehicle/trailer and its

equipment shall be such that no danger is caused or likely to be caused to

any person in the vehicle or on a road.

2. In particular, under all normal conditions likely to be encountered

while the vehicle/trailer is being driven on a road, including when the

vehicle/trailer is loaded to its maximum gross weight and the axle weight of


Yes No

• it shall be possible to control the vehicle safely, taking account of

the vehicle’s speed and acceleration capabilities;

• it shall at all times be possible for the driver, while controlling the

vehicle, to have a full view of the road and traffic ahead of the

vehicle;

• the clearance between any of the following parts of the vehicle,

namely the tyres, wheels, other rotating components associated

with the transmission of engine power or braking, moveable parts

of the steering mechanism and fixed parts shall be sufficient to

ensure no risk of fouling and the wheels and wheel fixings shall be

compatible;

• the vehicle structure (chassis or integral chassis-body), shall be so

designed and constructed as to withstand the forces and vibration to

which it is likely to be subject;

• all entries and exits provided for the vehicle occupants (other than

doors) shall be so designed as to allow easy and safe use;

• all aperture covers (other than doors) including tail gates, boot and

bonnet lids, shall be capable of being securely latched in the fully

closed position;

• the steering, suspension, axles and wheels shall be so designed,

constructed and fitted as to withstand the forces and vibration to

which they are likely to be subject;

• the electrical system, including the battery, electrical components

and wires, shall be securely attached to the vehicle.

In particular, the maximum distance between attachments

of wires, except those contained within hollow components,

shall be 300 mm and wires shall be so fitted and protected


All components shall be so constructed and fitted as to

minimise the risk of corrosion and fire.

Remarks (if any):


Page 4 of 11 Rev.05

18. Plates and identification (TR-018)

Compliance with

requirements

(Yes/No/remarks)

Requirements

Statutory plate contains:

Yes No

Name of manufacturer:

Type-approval number (if available at time of inspection):

Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) or Unique Identifier:

Maximum permitted laden mass of the trailer:

Maximum permitted road mass for each axle, listed in order from

front to rear (including king pin/coupling device):

Maximum permitted mass on axle group identified by “T”:

Requirements

Vehicle Identification number/identifier:

Yes No

VIN or unique identifier is marked on chassis or other structure in

such a way that it cannot be obliterated or deteriorate:

The height of the characters shall not be less than 4 mm.

Location on trailer:

Location of manufacturers plate:

Location of VIN number marked on chassis

Remarks (if any):

4. Rear Registration plate space (TR-004) Requirements:

• The space for mounting the rear registration plate shall comprise an

even or virtually even rectangular surface with the following

dimensions:

Width 520 with height 120mm

or Width 340 with height 240mm

Width

mm

Height:

mm

• The space must allow the mounting of a plate in a position as close to

vertical as is possible by the vehicle structure available.

o < 30º from the vertical if plate is facing upwards.

o < 15º from the vertical if plate is facing downwards.

• The plate shall be visible in the whole space (Yes/No).

• Height of lower edge of plate from the ground (>0.3m) mm

• Height of upper edge of plate from the ground (<1.2m)2 mm

• Located centrally or left of center but within left outer edge Y: N: Remarks (if any):

2 However, where it is impossible in practice to comply with this provision, the height may exceed

1.20 m but no case exceed 2 m


Page 5 of 11 Rev.05

3. Rear Under-run Protection (RUP) (TR-003)

(complete section A, B or C below)

(A) Installation Check of an approved rear under run

Result

Width of the widest rear axle: mm

Width of rear protective device: mm

Difference: mm

The width of the rear protective device is not less than the width of the

widest rear axle by more than 100mm on either side (total 200mm).

The ground clearance: (must not exceed 550mm over its width) mm

Securely attached to the vehicle chassis side members (Yes/No):

Distance from the rearmost point of the body to rearmost face of the

rear under run device:

mm

Fitted in accordance with manufacturers installation requirements

i.e. bolt number, grade/size, torqued correctly, grade etc?:

(check RUP approval document)?

Yes/No/Remarks?

e / E Mark/ test report number:

(B)Trailer Rear Construction Forms The Rear Protective Device

When the construction of the rear of the vehicle forms the rear under

run protection device, then the ground clearance of the rear part of the

vehicle must not exceed 550mm over a width which is not shorter than

that of the rear axle by more than 100mm on either side (excluding any

tyre bulging close to the ground).

Ground clearance:

mm

Difference RUP and rear

axle:

mm


(C)Trailers fitted with Platform/Tail lifts

For trailers fitted with a platform/tail lift the fitting of the rear protective device may be interrupted

for the purposes of the mechanism. In such cases, the following must apply:

• The lateral distance between the elements of

the rear protective device and the elements of

the platform lift, which make the interruption

necessary, must be no more than 25 mm.

• The individual elements of the rear protective

device must, in each case, have an effective

surface area of at least 350 cm2.

Lateral distance(s): mm

mm

mm

Surface area of individual elements

Element 1: cm²

Element 2: cm²

Element 3: cm²

Element 4: cm²

Element 5: cm²

Fitted in accordance with manufacturers

installation requirements i.e. bolt number, torques

correctly, grade etc?:

(check RUP approval document)?

Yes/No/Remarks?


Remarks (if any):


Page 6 of 11 Rev.05

46. Tyre Installation (TR-046)

Requirement

All tyres are fitted with e or E marked tyres (record approval

number and the axle number its fitted on)

E number:

All tyres are marked with the appropriate speed and load ratings for

their particular axle locations and the intended use of the vehicle.

Speed rating:

Load rating:

Each tyre fitted must have the same structure (e.g. bias-belted, crossply

or radial), nominal size and aspect ratio as any other tyre on the same

axle

Compliance with

requirements

Yes No

Remarks (if any):

5. Steering (TR-005)

(if applicable)


The tests outlined below must be performed in a flat open area test site, marked out

accordingly with minimum dimension of 65m x 65m to allow manoeuvrability tests.

Video evidence of test required Yes No

Are any of the axles steered axles?

If Yes, complete below

Number of steered axles (foremost axle is No1, next is 2 and so on): Axle No(s):

Yes No

Type of steering:

Self-tracking steering equipment:

Articulated steering:

Self-steering:

Type of steering:

Purely mechanical steering transmission:

Purely hydraulic steering transmission:

Purely electric steering transmission:

Requirement Result

• (1)The steering system shall ensure easy and safe handling of the

vehicle

• (2)The trailer must travel without excessive deviation or unusual

vibration in its steering equipment when the towing vehicle is

travelling in a straight line on a flat and horizontal road

• (3)With the towing vehicle and trailer having adopted a steady state

turn corresponding to a turning circle radius of 25 m (see definition

below appendix 3) at a constant speed of 5 km/h, the circle described

by the rearmost outer edge of the trailer shall be measured. This

manoeuvre shall be repeated under the same conditions but at a speed

of 25 km/h ± 1 km/h. During these manoeuvres, the rearmost outer

edge of the trailer travelling at a speed of 25 km/h ± 1 km/h shall not

move outside the circle described at a constant speed of 5 km/h by

more than 0.7 m.

See figure 2 below


Page 7 of 11 Rev.05

• (4)No part of the trailer shall move more than 0.5 m beyond the

tangent to a circle with a radius of 25 m when towed by a vehicle

leaving the circular path described in paragraph item 3 above. along

the tangent and travelling at a speed of 25 km/h.

See figure 3 below

Illustration of steering test requirements for above items (3) and (4)


Page 8 of 11 Rev.05

48. Masses and dimensions (TR-048)

Overall Dimensions

Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm)

Axle Track (mm)

Axle 1:

Axle 2: Axle 3:

Axle 4: Axle 5: Axle 6:

Axle spacing (1st to 2nd, 2nd to 3rd, etc):

extend table accordingly if more than 3 axles

1-2 mm

2-3 mm

Wheelbase (mm):

For semi-trailer distance from centre of coupling pin to 1st axle

For 2 or 3 axle drawbar trailer – distance from coupling point to 1st

axle

mm

Rear overhang (mm):

(centre of rearmost axle to rearmost point of trailer)

mm

Front Overhang (see Appendix 4 below for description): mm

Max front fitting radius (semi-trailer only) :

Cannot exceed 2.04m. (see Appendix 4 below for description):

mm

Length of loading area (mm): mm

Are any of the axles lift axles? If yes, what number axle?:

(Axle 1 being foremost axle)

Manoeuvrability requirements

Semi-trailers may comply with the drive test method or calculation method below

Drive test method

Any trailer must be able to manoeuvre on either side for a complete circular trajectory of 360°

inside an area defined by two concentric circles, the outer circle having a radius of 12,50 m and the

inner circle having a radius of 5.30 m, without any of the vehicle's outermost points (with the

exception of the protruding parts prescribed for the vehicle width in appendix 4 below ) projecting

outside the circumferences of the circles .

For semi-trailers with axle-lift device (see axle-lift definition appendix 4 below) this requirement

also applies with the axle(s ) in the lifted position (within the meaning of axle lift definition ).

Calculation method

A semi-trailer is deemed to comply with the requirements of above if its wheelbase3 is not

greater than:

√(12.50 − 2.04)2 − (5.30 +𝐿

2)2

where L is the semi-trailer's width

Yes No

Manoeuvrability requirements met by drive test method above:

If yes, submit video of test with this report

Manoeuvrability requirements met by calculation method above:

If yes, submit calculations with this report

3 the wheelbase being measured for the purpose of this section as the distance of the axis of the semi-trailer

fifth wheel king-pin to the centre line of the non-steering bogie axles; if one or more of the non-steering bogie

axles has an axle lift device (see 2.14 ), then the wheelbase with lowered/lifted axle(s ), whichever is the

longer, is taken into account.


Page 9 of 11 Rev.05

50. Couplings (TR-050)

EC approval number of coupling device:

Class of coupling device:

D-value:

S-value:

Attachment of Drawbar Eyes and Drawbars on Trailers

Requirement Observation and Result

• Drawbars for centre-axle trailers must have a

support device adjustable in height if the vertical

bearing load at the drawbar eye on the trailer type

exceeds 50 kg, when the trailer is uniformly

loaded to its technically permissible maximum

mass:

Vertical load on drawbar eye: kg (S-value)

If greater than 50kg, adjustable

support device fitted: Yes No

• When attaching drawbar eyes and drawbars to

centre-axle trailers with a maximum mass of

more than 3.5 tonnes and more than one axle,

must be equipped with a device for axle load

sharing:

Maximum mass of

centre-axle trailer: tonnes

If greater than 3.5 tonnes, axle

load sharing device fitted: Yes No

Attachment of Mounting Plates and Coupling Pins on trailers

Requirements Observation and Result

Semi-trailers must be equipped with landing gear or

any other equipment which allows uncoupling and

parking of the semi-trailer:

If semi-trailers are equipped so that the connection

of the coupling devices, the electrical systems and

braking systems can be effected automatically, the

trailer must have landing gear which retracts from

the ground automatically after the semi-trailer has

been coupled up:

Semi-trailer fitted with

landing gear: Yes No

If not, is it fitted with any

other equipment which allows

uncoupling and parking of

the semi-trailer: Yes No

If yes, brief description of this equipment:

_________________________________________

Yes No

The fixing of the fifth wheel coupling pin in the

mounting plate on the semi-trailer must be as

instructed by the vehicle manufacturer or

manufacturer of the fifth wheel coupling:

Yes No

Is semi-trailer equipped with a steering wedge:

-Dimensions of steering wedge:

Yes No

Thickness: mm

Length: mm

Width at both ends: mm

mm


Page 10 of 11 Rev.05

10. Electro-magnetic compatibility (EMC) (TR-010)

To check inspect additionally added electronic components have appropriate E-markings.

NSAI may have advised on additionally added EMC equipment. Locate devices and record

details in table below

FUNCTION OF DEVICE TRADENAME OF DEVICE E-MARK OF DEVICE

For example:

Refrigeration unit for cooling

body

For example:

Fridge king

For example:

E44- 10R- 05 1234

- The steering wedge must allow safe and secure

coupling-up:

- The steering wedge must be spring-mounted:

- The strength of the spring must be selected so that

it is possible to couple up an unloaded semi-trailer

and so that, with the semi-trailer fully loaded, the

steering wedge is firmly in contact with the flanks

of the coupling during travel:

- Uncoupling of the fifth wheel must be possible

with the semi-trailer both loaded and unloaded:

Yes No

Yes No

Yes No

Yes No


Page 11 of 11 Rev.05

The following reports must be completed also and submitted with rest of inspection. Contact

NSAI if your ATC requires a copy of these report to complete tests:

9. Brakes –TR-009

Please contact NSAI if need copy of this report forwarded Attached (Yes/No)

Report TR009 to be completed by the ATC and attached

42. Lateral Protection – TR-042



43. Spray suppression – TR-043



20. Installation of lighting and light signalling devices –TR-020-O


Report TR020 - O to be completed by the ATC and attached

Equipment and calibration data for all tests/inspections carried out:

Equipment name Serial number Calibration due date Test record No

Remarks(if any):

5. Signature and Authorisation of ATC

I confirm that I have carried out all relevant inspections as per this inspection report in accordance with the

test procedures for this category of vehicle and category of approval.

Vehicle Identification Number /unique

identifier(VIN):___________________________________________________________

Signature Date

----------------------- -----------------------

Name official

Test Record No. TR042

Page 1 of 3 Rev. 03

Test Record No. TR042 according to

European Communities (Road Vehicles: Type-Approval) Regulations 2009

Statutory Instrument: S.I. No. 280 of 2017

Lateral Protection

Note: If there are variations between left side and right of vehicle as regards the lateral protection, complete relevant

sections for both sides below.

Photos required for both sides of the vehicle to be submitted with report.

Note 1: If the sides of the vehicle are so designed and / or equipped that by their shape and characteristics meet the requirements

of this section, they may be regarded as replacing the sideguards.

Note 2: The upper edge of the guard shall not be more than 350mm below that part of the structure of the vehicle, cut or contacted

by a vertical plane tangential to the outer surface of the tyres, except in the following cases:

- Where the plane does not cut the structure of the vehicle, the upper edge shall be level with the surface of the load

carrying platform OR

- 950mm from the ground, whichever is the less.

- Where the plane cuts the structure of the vehicle at a level more than 1.3m above the ground, then the upper edge of

the side guard shall not be less than 950mm above the ground.

Note 3: Dome shaped bolt heads and rivets of less than 10mm in height are acceptable.

Note 4: Combinations of surfaces and rails shall be considered as a continuous side guard as long as the gaps between them are

no greater than 25mm.

Note 5: If the vehicle cab is narrower than the body then the side guard must be angled to meet the cab.

DETAILS

Applicant Name:


Category (O3, O4):

Trailer description (e.g. semi-trailer,

drawbar, etc…)

Name of ATC:

Name of ATC tester:



2. Detail of Tests

Lateral Protection

Requirement Observation Result

(Pass/Fail)

• There are no modifications to the lateral protection system that could

invalidate documentary evidence, unless the requirements can still be assured

by an installation check (Y/N):

• The vehicle is accompanied by satisfactory evidence of compliance regarding

the performance of the protective system i.e. certificate/ test report (Y/N):

Record approval number

E mark:

• A side guard device is fitted to the vehicle (Y/N/NA):

Documentary evidence of exemption if NA:

• The side guard device is attached securely (Y/N):

• The side guard device is constructed of what material:

Stainless Steel:

Mild Steel:

Aluminium:

• Method of attachment of side guard to bracket:

o Welding:

o Bolting:

Yes: No:

Yes: No:


Page 2 of 3 Rev. 03

▪ Number of bolts:

▪ Size of bolts:

▪ Method of attachment of bracket to chassis:

o Welding direct to vehicle chassis:

o Bolted direct to vehicle chassis:

▪ Number of brackets:

▪ Bracket spacing:

▪ Number of bolts:

▪ Size of bolts:

Yes: No:

Yes: No:

mm

Side Guard Dimensions:

The measurements taken below should include the dimensions of the side guards fitted but also any

equipment/component that is incorporated into the side guard i.e. fuel tanks, air box, ad blue tank etc…

Dimensions must be recorded to include these.

Left side Right side

• Ground clearance of the side guard:

mm mm

• Does the body at any point extend wider than the width of the outside of

the tyres? (Y/N)

• Distance between the side guard and the body line (see note 2): mm mm

• Length inboard of the side guard from the outermost plane of the vehicle:

mm

mm

• Number of horizontal rails included in the side guard:

• Maximum vertical distance apart of horizontal rails:

See Figure 2 of appendix V

mm mm

• Section height of horizontal side rail:


mm mm

• Size of forward facing edge:


mm mm

• Surface is smooth / horizontally-corrugated (delete as applicable):

• Smallest radius of curvature of external edges or corners (>2.5mm??):

mm mm

• The device is used for the attachment of air or hydraulic brake pipes (Y/N):

• There are no projecting brackets or bolt heads (see note 3 above) (Y/N):

• The lateral protection is continuous in length (see note 4 above) (Y/N):

• Maximum horizontal gap between 2 rails/components making up the lateral

protection:

mm mm

• Length of the rearward edge of the guard device from the tyre on the first

rear axle (<300mm??):

mm

mm

• The maximum distance inboard of the device from the outermost edge of

the rear tyres over the last 250mm of the guard (<30mm??): (Please specify

whether this is inboard or outboard?) See Figure 1 of appendix V

mm

mm

• The distance from the front edge of the side guard to the rear edge of

landing legs?

mm mm

• The distance from the front edge of the side guard to the centre of the

Kingpin?

mm mm


Page 3 of 3 Rev. 03

• Length of the front edge of the guard from the rear of the tyre on the front

wheel (or second wheel if two front axles are fitted).:

Requirement: <500mm for drawbar trailer

• In the case of a semi trailer, distance from front edge of guard to the

transverse median plane of support legs (if support legs are fitted):

Requirement: <250mm

• Where the forward edge lies in otherwise open space then it must consist

of:

• A continuous vertical member extending over the whole height of the

member (Y/N):

• The outer and forward faces measure at least 50 mm rearward and

are turned 100 mm inwards in the case of an O3 vehicle (Y/N):

• The outer and forward faces measure at least 100 mm rearward and are

turned 100 mm inwards in the case of an O4 vehicle (Y/N):

Observation

i.e.

dimension,

symmetric

etc.

Result

(Pass/Fail)

• Where equipment is incorporated into the side guard;

See Figures 3 and 4 of appendix V

The device has a smooth or horizontally corrugated outer surface (Y/N):

It is substantially flat or horizontally corrugated (Y/N):

There is no gap of more than 25 mm between it and the guard (Y/N):

There is no projecting brackets or hinges (Y/N):

It does not have protruding bolt heads (Y/N):

Any external edges and corners are rounded with a radius of at least

2.5mm (Y/N):


• Adjacent parts may however overlap provided that:

They have an overlapping edge that faces rearwards (Y/N):

They have an overlapping edge that faces downwards (Y/N):


5. Signature and Authorisation of ATC

I confirm that I have carried out all relevant inspections as per this inspection report in accordance with the test

procedures for this category of vehicle and category of approval.


identifier(VIN):___________________________________________________________

Signature Date

----------------------- -----------------------

Name official

Appendix V - Lateral Protection

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4


Page 1 of 7 Rev. 05




Spray-Suppression Systems

Notes for inspection:

Vehicle types as listed on Appendix I (NSAI/RSA exempted vehicles) need only comply with section 7.1.1 below and are exempt from

spray suppression device.

Record axle number examined beside relevant section below (axle No. 1 is front axle, axle No. 2 is next axle after and so on)

Approved spray suppression systems fitted by the base vehicle manufacturer need not be examined

Spray Suppression device Yes No E Mark device

Energy absorption system If yes, complete section 7 below

Air/water separator system If yes, complete section 9 below

Suspension type Yes No

Air suspension If yes, complete relevant sections

Mechanical suspension systems If yes, complete relevant sections below

DETAILS

Applicant Name:


Category (O3, O4, N2, N3):

Trailer description (e.g. semi-

trailer, drawbar, etc…)

Name of ATC:

Name of ATC tester:



Spray Suppression systems fitted with energy absorption spray suppression

devices for axles fitted with non steered or self steering or steered wheels Mud Guards Axle No.

Examined

Result

7.1.1

The mudguards must cover the zone immediately above, ahead

and behind the tyres in the following manner:

(a) in the case of a single or multiple axle, the forward edge(C)

must extend forwards to reach a line O-Z where θ (theta) is no

more than 45° above the horizontal.

The rearmost edge (See Figure 2 ) must extend downwards

in such a way as not to be more than 100 mm above a horizontal

line passing through the centre of the wheel;

(b) in the case of multiple axles the angle θ relates only to the

foremost axle and the requirement relating to the height of the

rearmost edge applies only to the rearmost axle;

(c) the mudguard must possess a total width ‘q’ (Figure 1a )at

least adequate to cover the width of the tyre ‘b’ or the entire

width of two tyres ‘t’ in the case of twin wheels.

Dimensions ‘b’ and ‘t’ shall be measured at hub height,

excluding any markings, ribs, protective bands, etc., on the tyre

walls.


Page 2 of 7 Rev. 05

7.1.2 (See Figure 3).

The front side of the rear part of the mudguard must be fitted with

an approved spray-suppression device .This material must cover

the inside of the mudguard up to a height determined by a straight

line running from the centre of the wheel and forming an angle of

at least 30° with the horizontal.

7.1.3

If the mudguards are made up of several components, when fitted,

they must not incorporate any aperture enabling spray to exit while

the vehicle is in motion.

Outer Valance Axle No.

Examined

Result

7.2.1. (See Figure 2)

In the case of single axles, the lower edge of the outer valance

may not be situated beyond the following distances and radii, as

measured from the centre of the wheel, except at the lowest

extremities that may be rounded.

Air suspension:

(a) Axles fitted with steered wheels or self-steering

wheels:

From the front edge (towards the front of the

vehicle) (tip C)

To the rear edge (towards the rear of the vehicle)

(tip A)

Rv ≤ 1,5 R

(b) Axles fitted with non-steered wheels:

From the front edge (tip C)To the rear edge (tip A)

Rv ≤ 1,25 R

Mechanical suspension

(a) general case } Rv ≤ 1,8 R

(b) non-steered wheels for vehicles with a technically permissible

laden mass more than 7,5 t } Rv ≤ 1,5 R

where R is the radius of the tyre fitted to the vehicle, and Rv

the distance, expressed as a radius, at which the lower edge of

the outer valance is situated.

R=

mm

Rv=

mm

Or

R=

mm

Rv=

mm

or

R=

mm

Rv=

mm


In the case of multiple axles the requirements laid down in point

7.2.1do not apply between the vertical transversal planes passing

through the centre of the first and the last axles where the outer

valance may be straight in order to ensure the continuity of the

spray suppression system.

7.2.3. (See Figures 1a, 1b, 2)

The distance between the uppermost and the lowermost points of

the spray suppression system (mudguard and outer valance)

measured in any cross section perpendicular to the mudguard

must extend to not less than 45 mm at all points behind a vertical

line passing through the centre of the wheel or the first wheel in

the case of multiple axles. This dimension may be gradually

reduced in front of this line.

7.2.4.

No openings enabling spray to emerge when the vehicle is moving

are allowed in the outer valances or between the outer valances

and the other parts of the mudguards.

7.2.6. (tractor units only, if applicable)

Tractors for semi-trailers with a low chassis (defined in point 6.20

of standard ISO 612 o 1978), namely those which may have a


Page 3 of 7 Rev. 05

coupling pin height in relation to the ground equal to or less than

1 100 mm, maybe designed in such a way as to be exempted from

the requirements of points 7.1.1.a, 7.1.3 and 7.2.4. In this regard,

mudguards and valances may not cover the area immediately above

the tyres of the rear axles, when these tractors are coupled to a

semi-trailer, in order to avoid the spray-suppression system being

destroyed.

However, the mudguards and valances of these vehicles must

conform to the requirements of the above points, in sectors more

than 60° from the vertical line passing through the centre of the

wheel, in front and behind these tyres..

In order to be able to meet those requirements, mudguards and

valances may, for example, comprise a removable part.

7.3 Rain Flaps Axle No.

Examined

Result

7.3.1. (See Figure 1a)

The width of the flap must fulfil the requirement for ‘q’ in

point7.1.1(c), except where the flap is within the mudguards, in

which case it must be at least equal in width to the tread of the tyre.

The width of the part of the rain flaps positioned beneath the

mudguard must satisfy the condition laid down in this paragraph

with a tolerance of 10 mm at each side.

7.3.2.

The orientation of the flap must be basically vertical.


The maximum height of the bottom edge must be no more than

200mm above the ground (see figure 3)

This distance is increased to 300 mm in the case of the last axle

where the radial distance of the lower edge of the outer valancing,

Rv, does not exceed the dimensions of the radius of the tyres fitted

to the wheels on that axle.

The maximum height of the bottom edge of the rain flap in

relation to the ground, may be raised to 300 mm if the

manufacturer deems it technically appropriate with regard to the

suspension characteristics.

7.3.4.

The flap must be no more than 300mm from the rearmost edge of

the tyre.


In the case of multiple axels where the distance “d” between the

tyres on adjacent axles is less than 250mm, only the rear set of

wheels must be fitted with rain flaps.

There must be a rain flap behind each wheel when distance

between the tyres on adjacent axles is at least 250mm.

7.3.6

Rain flaps must show sufficient rigidity when deflected towards

the rear of the vehicle.

7.3.7.

The whole of the front face of the part of the rain flap having the

minimum dimensions required must be fitted with an approved

spray-suppression device.


Page 4 of 7 Rev. 05

7.3.8.

No openings enabling spray to emerge are allowed between

the lower rear edge of the mudguard and the rain flaps.

7.3.9.

Where the spray-suppression device meets the specifications

relating to rain flaps (item 7.3), no additional rain flap is required.

Only applies if the spray-suppression device is a rain flap.


Page 5 of 7 Rev. 05

Spray suppression systems fitted with air / water separator spray suppression

devices for axles fitted with steered and non steered wheels Mud Guards Observation Result

9.1.1.

Mudguards must comply with the requirements of items

7.1.1 (c) above

Complete

7.1.1 (c)

above

9.1.2.

Mudguards for single or multiple axles where the distance

between the tyres on adjacent axles exceeds 300 mm must also

comply with item7.1.1 (a).

Complete

7.1.1 (a)

above


In the case, of multiple axles where the distance between the tyres

on adjacent axles does not exceed 300 mm the mudguards must

also conform to the model shown in Figure 7 below

Outer Valance

9.2.1.

The lower edges of the outer valances must be fitted with an

approved air/water separator spray-suppression devices

9.2.2. (See Figures 6 and 7):

In the case of single or multiple axles where the distance between

the tyres on adjacent axles exceeds 300 mm, the lower edge of the

spray suppression device fitted to the outer valance must have the

following maximum dimensions and radii, starting from the centre

of the wheel

(a) Axles fitted with steered wheels or self-steering wheels:

from the front edge (towards the front of the vehicle) (tip C at 30°)

to the rear edge (towards the rear of the vehicle) (tip A at 100 mm)

Rv< 1.05R

(b) Axles fitted with non-steered wheels:

from the front edge (tip C at 20°)

to the rear edge (tip A at 100 mm)

Rv ≤ 1,00 R

Note:

where R = is the radius of tyre fitted to the vehicle;

Rv = the radial distance from the lowest edge of the outer

valance to the centre of the wheel.


In the case of multiple axles where the distance between the tyres

on adjacent axles does not exceed 300 mm, the outer valances

located in the inter-axle spaces must follow the path specified in

item 9.1.3, and must extend downwards in such a way as not to be

more than 100 mm above a horizontal straight line passing

through the wheel centres (See Figure 7).

9.2.4. (See Figure 1a, 1b)

The depth of the outer valance must extend to not less than 45

mm, at all points behind a vertical line passing through the centre

of the wheel.

This depth may be gradually reduced in front of this line.

9.2.5.

No openings enabling spray to emerge are allowed in the outer

valances or between the outer valances and the mudguards.

Rain flaps Axle No. result

9.3.1

Rain flaps must:

(a) comply with item 7.3 (Figure 3);

or

(b) comply with items 7.3.1, 7.3.2, 7.3.5, 7.3.8 and 9.3.2

(Figure 6).


Page 6 of 7 Rev. 05

9.3.2.

Approved Spray suppression must be fitted to the rain flaps

referred to in item 9.3.1 (b), at least along the full edge.

9.3.2.1. (See Figure 6)

The lower edge of the spray-suppression device must be not more

than 200 mm from the ground.

The maximum height of the bottom edge of the rain flap in

relation to the ground, may be raised to 300 mm if the

manufacturer deems it technically appropriate with regard to the

suspension characteristics.

9.3.2.2. (See Figure 6)

The spray-suppression device must be at least 100 mm deep.

9.3.2.3.

Apart from the lower part, which includes the spray-suppression

device, the rain flap as referred to in item 9.3.1 (b) must show

sufficient rigidity when deflected towards the rear of the vehicle.


The rain flap must not be more than 200 mm from the rearmost

edge of the tyre, measured horizontally.


Page 7 of 7 Rev. 05

Spray Suppression systems fitted with energy absorption spray suppression devices for axles

fitted with non steered or self steering wheels that are covered by the bodywork, floor or the

lower part of the load area.

Observation Result

The spray-suppression system for non-steered or self-steered

wheels that are covered by the bodywork floor, or by the

lower part of the load platform, must meet either the

specifications set out in item 7 or 9 above or else those in

item 8 below.

Complete 7 or 9

Alternatively

complete section

8 below

8.1 Mudguards Axle No. Result


Mudguards must cover the zone immediately above the tyre

or tyres. Their front and rear extremities must extend at least

to the horizontal plane that is tangent to the upper edge of the

tyre or tyres.

However, the rear extremity may be replaced by the rain flap,

in which case this must extend to the upper part of the

mudguard (or equivalent component).

8.1.2.

All of the inner rear part of the mudguard must be fitted

with an approved spray suppression device

8.2 Outer Valences

8.2.1

In the case of single or multiple axles where the distance

between the adjacent tyres is at least 250 mm, the outer

valance must cover the surface extending from the lower to

the upper part of the mudguard up to a straight line formed by

the tangent to the upper edge of the tyre or tyres and lying

between the vertical plane formed by the tangent to the

front of the tyre and the mudguard or rain flap located behind

the wheel or wheels (Figure 5b).

In the case of multiple axles an outer valance must be located

by each wheel.

8.2.2.

No openings enabling spray to emerge are allowed between

the outer valance and the inner part of the mudguard.

8.2.3. (See figure 5a)

Where rain flaps are not fitted behind each wheel (see item

7.3.5), the outer valance must be unbroken between the outer

edge of the rain flap to the vertical plane that is tangent to the

point furthest to the front of the tyre (Figure 5a) of the first

axle.

8.2.4.

The entire inner surface of the outer valance, the height of

which must not be less than 100 mm, must be fitted with an

approved energy-absorption spray-suppression device

8.3 Rain Flaps

These flaps must extend to the lower part of the

mudguard and comply with items 7.3.1 to 7.3.9. above

Complete 7.3.1.

to 7.3.9.

Signature and Authorisation of ATC

I confirm that I have carried out all relevant inspections as per this inspection report in accordance with the test

procedures for this category of vehicle and category of approval.


identifier(VIN):___________________________________________________________

Signature Date

----------------------- -----------------------

Name official

Figure 1a

Width (q) of mudguard (a) and position of valance

(j)

Note: The figures refer to the corresponding items in ATC inspection .

Figure 1b

Example of measurement of the outer valance

Figure 2 Dimensions of mudguard and outer valance

Note

1 The figures quoted relate to the corresponding items in Annex III.

2 T: extent of mudguard.

Figure 3 Position of mudguard and rain flap

Note: The figures quoted relate to the corresponding items in ATC report.

Figure 4

Diagram showing assembly of a spray-suppression system (mudguard,

rain flap, outer valance) incorporating spray-suppression devices (energy

absorbers) for multiple axles

Figure 5

Diagram showing assembly of a spray-suppression system incorporating

spray-suppression devices (energy absorbers) for axles fitted with non-steered or

self-steering wheels

(ATC report — section 8)

(a) Multiple axles where the distance between the tyres is less than 250 mm.

(b) Single axles or multiple axles where the distance between the tyres is

greater than 250 mm.

Figure 6


spray-suppression devices fitted with air/water separators for axles fitted with

steered, self-steering or non-steered wheels

Note

1 The figures relate to the corresponding items in Annex III.


Figure 7


spray-suppression devices (mudguard, rain flap, outer valance) for multiple

axles where the distance between the tyres does not exceed 300 mm

Note

1 The figures relate to the corresponding items in

ATC report


Test Record No.: TR009

Full registered name and address of ATC

Page 1 of 4 Rev.02




Brakes

DETAILS

Applicant Name:


Category:

Description (e.g. semi-trailer,

drawbar, etc…)

Name of ATC:

Name of ATC tester:



1. General Information

Test Object: [Vehicle identification]

Note: Tests to be carried out on both Laden and Unladen vehicle

Test dates

Date of receipt of test item

Date of start of test / inspection

Date of finish of test / inspection

Equipment and calibration data:

Equipment Serial No. Calibration due date

Roller Brake Tester

Decelerometer (if used)



Page 2 of 4 Rev.02

2. Detail of Inspections and Tests

Identifying plates as evident on axles

Record identification marking as on each axle and state Axle no

(Photographs of plates should be submitted with report clearly identify the plate with the axle no)

Axle No Identification

Axle No 1:

Axle No 2:

Axle No 3:

Inspection carried out in accordance to Test Procedure TR009 for the following:

Service Brake Control – Mechanical Components (Items 1 – 24 of this

section of TR009)

See appendix for

check list

Park Brake Control – Mechanical Components (Items 1 – 15 of this

section of TR009)

Hydraulic and Vacuum Systems (Items 1 – 21 of this section of TR009)

Roller Brake test Results

Vehicle set up and running according to Test Procedure:

Record maximum braking effort for each wheel:

Did wheels lock:

Record out of balance braking effort between wheels on either side of

the vehicle:

Record brake Pedal Force:

Record brake efficiency:

For vehicles fitted with a Servo: Results

Other than foot control:

Record load applied to foot control to achieve 30% brake efficiency for

passenger vehicle:

Record load applied to foot control to achieve 25% brake efficiency for

goods vehicle:



Page 3 of 4 Rev.02

Record brake effort at each wheel with the above control force:

Front Wheels:

Rear Wheels:

For vehicles fitted with full power hydraulic braking systems: Results

Record maximum braking effort for each wheel:

Parking Brake:

Record maximum Braking effort for each wheel:



Page 4 of 4 Rev.02

For vehicles that cannot be tested on the roller brake tester due to a

design characteristic:

Results

Decelerator set up according to manufacturers instruction:

Brake efficiency at 30kph for service brake:

Brake efficiency at 30kph for parking brake:

During Service Brake test, is braking: Results

- Progressive:

- Is there grab:

- Is there judder:

- Does Vehicle deviate to Left or Right during braking:

- Does pedal return to fully off position:

During road test at 30kph does the rear axle(s) lock prior to both wheels

of the front axles:

Transmission Hand Brake Results

Parking Brake efficiency:

3. Remarks:

4. Signature and Authorisation

I confirm that I have carried out the Braking Test in accordance with the test procedures for this

category of vehicle and category of approval. The vehicle (identification) complies with the Braking

requirements.

Signature Date

----------------------- -----------------------

Name

[official stamp of ATC]



Page 1 of 5

Appendix 3. Additional checklist items

Service Brake Control (items 1-24)

Item Yes No N/A Comments

1. The brake pedal must be capable of being operated easily

from the driving position without obstruction or abnormal

hand/foot position and that the pedal (where fitted) has an

anti-slip provision.

2. A brake control, actuating linkage or associated component

must be fully accessible for maintenance purposes.


must be complete, so that it functions correctly.


must be of adequate strength so as not to be likely to fail

prematurely.


must be made of a material sufficiently durable so as not to be

likely to fail prematurely.


must not be obstructed in its travel nor foul parts of the

vehicle.


mounting/bracket must be of adequate strength so as not to be

likely to fail prematurely.


mounting/bracket must be secure to the vehicle structure.


mounting/bracket securing method must be of adequate

strength so as not to be likely to fail prematurely.

10. A brake control, actuating linkage or associated

component pivot bearing/bush must be of adequate


11. A brake control, actuating linkage or associated

component pivot bearing/bush must be secure such that it is

unlikely to become displaced.

12. Any brake control, actuating linkage or associated

component pivot/linkage pins must be present and secure.

13. Any brake control, actuating linkage or associated

component locking/retaining devices must be present and

secure.

14. With the brake control fully applied there must be

sufficient reserve travel.



Page 2 of 5

Service Brake Control (items 1-24)


15. The brake control must not creep down while it is held

under pressure.

16. There must not be an indication of ‘sponginess’ when the

brake control is operated, indicating air in the system.

17. The brake control must be applied with no air/hydraulic

leak.

18. When the brake control is applied and the engine started a

dip must be felt, indicating that vacuum assistance is working

satisfactorily.

19. On a full power hydraulic braking system a warning

device must be fitted, operative, and visible to the driver,

including in darkness.

20. All brake mechanical components must be secure, with

relevant securing bolts, locking devices, retaining device etc

present and secure.

21. A brake assembly on a FRONT axle of a vehicle must

incorporate a means of automatically compensating for

friction material wear.

22. A brake assembly on a REAR axle of a vehicle must

incorporate either a manual or automatic means of

compensating for friction material wear.

23. The brake friction surfaces must have sufficient capacity

to dissipate heat and prevent fade.

24. It must not be possible to manually adjust braking rates

between axles.

Park Brake Control (1-15)


1. A parking brake lever, actuating linkage, cable or

associated component must be complete so that it functions

correctly.


associated component must be of adequate strength so as not

to be likely to fail prematurely.


associated component must be made of a material

sufficiently durable so as not to be likely to fail prematurely.


associated component must not be obstructed in its travel nor

foul parts of the vehicle.



Page 3 of 5

Park Brake Control (1-15)



associated component mounting / bracket must be secure to

the vehicle structure.


associated component mounting / bracket securing method


prematurely.


associated component pivot bearing / bush must be of

adequate strength so as not to be likely to fail prematurely.


associated component pivot bearing / bush must be secure

such that it is unlikely to become displaced.


associated component pivot / linkage pins must be present

and secure.


associated component locking / retaining devices must be

present and secure.

11. The parking brake ratchet pawl must engage positively

with the ratchet teeth.

12. A lever operated parking brake must not disengage when

the lever is knocked on each side and on the top.

13. A lever operated brake must be able to be positively held

at a position of further travel.

14. An electrically operated parking brake switch must be

protected from inadvertent use. As an alternative, with the

ignition off, the switch must be capable of applying the

brake, but must not be capable of releasing the brake.

15. The parking brake mechanism must incorporate a means

of compensation between all brake assemblies operated by

the parking brake control, and a means of adjustment to

compensate for wear.



Page 4 of 5

Hydraulic and Vacuum Systems (1-21)


1. A hydraulic and vacuum component must be complete, so

that it functions correctly.

2. A hydraulic and vacuum component must be of adequate


3. A hydraulic and vacuum component must be made of a

material sufficiently durable so that it is unlikely to fail

prematurely.

4. A hydraulic and vacuum component mounting/bracket

must be secure to the vehicle structure or other components.



prematurely.


securing method must be of adequate strength and unlikely to

fail prematurely.

7. A brake pipe or hose must not be fouled by moving parts.

8. A brake pipe or hose must not be kinked, stretched, or

twisted.

9. A brake pipe or hose must be adequately clipped or

otherwise supported.

10. A brake pipe or hose must have suitable joint fittings.

11. A brake pipe or hose must not be exposed to excessive

heat.

12. A hydraulic/vacuum component must not be subject to a

corrosive environment and likely to fail prematurely.

13. Components must not leak due to constructional defects.

14. A fluid reservoir filling port must be easily accessible.

15. A fluid reservoir cap must be present and secure.

16. It must be possible to check the fluid relative to the

manufacturer’s specified minimum level on all brake fluid

reservoirs by the actual fluid level being visible through a

transparent section of the reservoir, with the minimum level

marked permanently on or adjacent to this section. As an

alternative, a red warning lamp must be capable of

illuminating when the reservoir fluid falls to the minimum

level.

17. Where a warning lamp is provided as the only means of

checking the fluid level without opening the reservoir it must

be secure, operational, visible during daylight and darkness

from the driving position, and fitted with a “test facility” that

enables its operation to be checked from the driving position

without opening the reservoir.



Page 5 of 5

Hydraulic and Vacuum Systems (1-21)


18. The hydraulic system must be fitted with a red warning

lamp, sensitive to line pressure and capable of signalling the

failure of any part of the hydraulic system as soon as the

brake is applied and remaining lit as long as the failure exists

(with the ignition switched on). As an alternative, the

warning lamp must be sensitive to the reservoir fluid level,

providing the reservoir is directly connected to supply the

pressure side of the master cylinder when the piston is in the

“brakes off” position, so that a failure of either part of a split

system would result in a continuous draining of the reservoir

fluid when the control is released (see Note 2).

19. The hydraulic system failure warning lamp must be

secure, operational, visible during daylight and darkness

from the driving position, identifiable (i.e. labelled in a

recognised form – see diagram 1 for an example) and fitted

with a “test facility” that enables its operation to be checked

from the driving position without opening the reservoir.

20. If the vehicle is fitted with an anti-lock braking system,

all components must be present, undamaged, secure, and

connected so that the system is likely to function as intended.

21. If the vehicle is fitted with an anti-lock braking system an

operational warning lamp must be fitted to monitor the

system, visible from the driving position, which operates

when the anti-lock is energised, and extinguishes at the latest

when the vehicle speed reaches 18km/h.

Remarks:

TR-020 Trailer Light Installation inspection (O1, O2, O3 and O4) (Summarised requirements. numbering reference in table- see UNECE R48)

Page 1 Rev. 03

Trailer details

Applicant Name:


Category (O1,O2,O3,O4):

Trailer description (e.g.

semi-trailer, drawbar, etc.…)

Name of ATC:

Name of ATC tester:



Trailer dimensions (Length):

Trailer dimensions (width):

Trailer dimensions (Height):

Note to ATC Inspector:

The trailer should already at this point of inspection been measured for masses and dimensions. Record this dimensional data above as this may have a

bearing on required lamps/reflectors to be fitted. Identify each kind of lamp and reflector evident on the trailer and complete the relevant section below. Some

sections may not be applicable based on the trailers dimensions. Definitions at the bottom of this page help explain measuring location. The requirement for

each lamp/reflector is contained in the green section of each table. On the left side of each table, record all the details of the e-mark and number and

characteristic letter as on the lamp. The letter/character on the lamp identifies its function. The letter/character that identifies the function can be seen in the

green section of table under “presence”. For example, the letters “AR” on the lamp indicates it has a reversing lamp function. The letter “L” on the lamp

indicates its rear registration plate lamp function. Appendices at end of this inspection report has some illustrations that may aid inspection

Please use the remark section under each section if there is any comment/observation noted during inspection. If there are more devices fitted than space in

report to complete the relevant information, please supplement report with separate document. Photograph all sides of trailer

Suitable gauges must be used for checking geometric visibility. See Appendix 3 at last section of report for template gauge

Min height indicates distance from ground to lower edge of illuminated area, max height to top edge of illuminated area

Width indicates distance from nearest external vertical edge of trailer to nearest edge of illuminated area

Length indicates distance from rear external edge of trailer to nearest edge of illuminated area on side lamps/reflectors or the distance between adjacent lamps.


Page 2 Rev. 03

Function

Colour Presence Number Arrangem

ent

Position

State in remarks if more than 2

and record dimension separate


α= vertical angle

Electrical

Connections

Tell-Tale

Reversing Lamp

(6.4 of R48)

White Mandatory

Category AR

1 mandatory

on O2, O3,

O4 trailers

and 2nd

mandatory

length >6m)

No

individual

specificati

on

Width - no requirement

Height -above 250 – below

1200 mm

α =15° upwards and 5°

downwards

ß=45° to right and left if

one device.

45° right and 30° left if

two installed

Only light when

reverse gear

selected when

engine in

operation

Optional

Device(s) evident: Yes/No

Illuminates white: Yes/No

Record E number:

Record characteristic “AR” if evident:

No of

devices: Location Device

no 1

Device

no 2

Complies with

above

Yes/No

Complies with

above

Yes/No

Height: Yes No Yes No

Width:

Remarks if any (reversing lamp):

Reversing lamp location:

Function Colour Presence Number Arrangement Position

Geometric

Visibility ß=horizontal angle

α= vertical angle

Electrical

Connections

Tell-Tale

Rear

Registration

Plate Lamp

(6.8 R48)

White Mandatory

Category L

Such that the

device illuminates

the plate

Such that the

device illuminates

the plate

Such that the

device illuminates

the plate

Such that the

device illuminates

the plate

See note 1 below

(5.11 R48)

Optional


Illuminates white: Yes/No

Record E number:

Record characteristic “L” if evident:

Complies with

above: Yes/No Complies with




above: Yes/No

Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes No Yes No

Remarks if any (rear registration lamp):

Note 1: The electrical connections shall be such that the front and rear position lamps, the end-outline marker lamps, if they exist, the side-marker lamps, if they exist, and the rear registration plate lamp

can only be switched ON and OFF simultaneously


Page 3 Rev. 03

Function Colour Presence Number Arrang

ement

Position




α= vertical angle

Electrical

Connections

Tell-Tale

Direction

Indicators

and hazard

Warning

(6.5+6.6 R48)

Amber Mandatory

Side: 5 or 6

Rear: 2a or 2b

2 mandatory

rear

+ 2 optional

2 rear Width: < 400mm from edge

Width-inner edges not less than

600mm apart. 400mm if overall

width trailer less 1300mm

Height: 350-1500mm

(2100mm if 1500mm not

possible, remark if so)


downwards


inwards

See note 2 below

(6.5.7 - 6.5.9

R-48)

Visible or

auditory or

both

Device(s) evident: Side indicator: Yes/No

Rear indicator: Yes/No

Illuminates amber: Yes/No

Record E number: rear:

side:

Record characteristic (5 or 6 side) or (2a or 2b rear):

Side:

Rear:

No of

devices

Rear:

Location Device

no 1

Device

no 2

Complies with

above

Yes/No

Direction/hazard rear

location:

Height: Yes No

Distance

from edge:

Distance

apart:

No of

devices

side

(if fitted)

Distance

from rear:

distance

apart:

Hazard warning lamps

Requirement: The signal shall be operated by means of a separate control enabling all direction indicators to flash in phase

Complies with the above: Yes/No Remarks if any (direction indicator/hazard):

Note 2: Direction-indicator lamps shall switch on independently of the other lamps. All direction-indicator lamps on one side of a vehicle shall be switched on and

off by means of one control and shall flash in phase.


Page 4 Rev. 03

Function Colour Presence Number Arrange

ment

Position



Geometric


α= vertical angle

Electrical

Connections

Tell-Tale

Stop Lamp

(6.7 of R48)

Red Mandatory

Category S1 or S2

2 no special

arrangeme

nts



trailer width less 1300mm

Height: 350-1500mm


possible)

Width: < 400mm from edge

α = 15° upwards

and downwards

ß=45° to right and

left

Must light up

when brake

applied when

engine in

operation

Optional,

see note 3 below

6.7.7-6.7.9 R48


Illuminates red: Yes/No

Record E number:

Record characteristic “S1 or S2” if evident:

If S3, S4 devices also fitted, record details in remarks

below

No of


no 1

Device

no 2

Complies with

above

Yes/No

Complies with

above

Yes/No

Height

Width Yes No Yes No

Distance

apart:

Remarks if any (stop lamp): (if more than 2 standard mandatory devices fitted (optional S1/S2 or

S3 S4, please record details as regards these devices here i.e. approval number, location and

geometric compliance as above)

Optional S3/S4 position:

Standard mandatory S1/S2 position:


Page 5 Rev. 03


ment

Position

Geometric


α= vertical angle

Electrical

Connections

Tell-Tale

Rear Position

Lamp

(6.10 R48)

Red Mandatory

Category

RorR1orR2

2

for additional

optional

lamps see

note 4 below

6.10.2.1 +

6.10.4.2

no special

arrangeme

nts

W: <400mm from edge




H: 350-1500mm


possible)

α = 15° upwards

and downwards

ß=80° outwards

and 45° inwards

See note 1 below

5.11 R48

Circuit closed tell-

tale see R-48



Record E number:

Record characteristic “R or R1 or R2” if evident:

No of


no 1

Device

no 2

Complies with

above

Yes/No

Rear position position:

Height Yes No

Width

Distanc

e apart:

Remarks if any (rear position lamp):

Note 1: The electrical connections shall be such that the front and rear position lamps, the end-outline marker lamps, if they exist, the side-marker lamps, if they

exist, and the rear registration plate lamp can only be switched ON and OFF simultaneously


Page 6 Rev. 03


ment

Position

Geometric


α= vertical angle

Electrical

Connections

Tell-Tale

Rear Fog Lamp

(6.11 R48)

Red Mandatory

Category

F or F1 or F2

1 or 2 no special

arrangeme

nts

Width: See note 3 below

6.11.4.1 R-48

Height: 250-1000mm

α = 5° upwards

and downwards

ß=25° right and

left

See note 4 below

6.11.7.1 R-48


tale. Independent

non flashing

warning lamp



Record E number:

Record characteristic “F or F1 or F2” if evident:

No of


no 1

Device

no 2

Complies with

above

Yes/No

Rear Fog lamp position:

Height Yes No

Width

Remarks if any (rear fog lamp):

Note 3: If only one lamp fitted it shall be fitted on the centre of the trailer or to the right side of rear of trailer

Note 4: The rear fog-lamp(s) can be switched off independently of any other lamp.

Either of the following applies:

(A) The rear fog lamp(s) may continue to operate until the position lamps are switched off, and the rear fog lamp(s) shall then remain off until deliberately

switched on again;

(B). A warning, at least audible, additional to the mandatory tell-tale shall be given if the ignition is switched off or the ignition key is withdrawn and the

driver's door is opened, whether the lamps in (paragraph 6.11.7.1.) are on or off, whilst the rear fog lamp switch is in the "on" position.


Page 7 Rev. 03

Function Colour Presence Number Arrang

ement

Position

Geometric


α= vertical angle

Electrical

Connections

Tell-Tale

End-Outline

Marker Lamp

Rear

(6.13 R48)

Red Rear Mandatory if width

>2.1m

Category

R,R1,R2,RM1orRM2

(Rear)

2 rear no

special

arrange

ments

W: < 400mm and as close as

possible to edge

H: at max. height compatible

with design

See note 6 below 6.13.4.2

See note 1 below

5.11 R48

See note 1

below

5.11 R48

Optional, see R-

48


Illuminates red : Yes/No

Record E number:

Record characteristic “R, R1, R2, RM1 or

RM2” if evident:

No of

devices:

Location Device

No. 1

Device

No. 2

Complies with

above

Yes/No

End outliner position:

Height Yes Yes

Width

Remarks if any (end outliner marker Rear):




Page 8 Rev. 03


ment

Position

Geometric


α= vertical angle

Electrical

Connections

Tell-Tale

Rear Retro-

Reflector

Triangular

(6.15 R48)

Red Mandatory

Category class

IIIA or IIIB

2

Apex of

▲

directed

upwards

W: <400mm from edge




H:250-900mm or 1200mm or

1500mm

See R-48

α = 15° above and

below

ß=30° inwards

and outwards

n/a n/a


Reflector red : Yes/No

Record E number:

Record characteristic “IIIA or IIIB” if evident:

No of

devices: Complies

with

above

Yes/No

Location Device

no 1

Device

no 2

Complies with

above

Yes/No

Rear retro reflector position:

Yes No Height Yes No

Width

Distanc

e apart:

Remarks if any (Rear Retro-Reflector Triangular):


Page 9 Rev. 03


ment

Position


α= vertical angle

Side Retro-

Reflector Non-

Triangular

(6.17 R48)

Amber Mandatory

Category class

IA or IB

See note5

below

State in

remarks if

different

arrangement

of either side

No special

arrangeme

nts

Height: 250-900mm(1500mm if 900mm not possible)

Length: fitted middle third and distance between adjacent reflectors

<3m.

See note 5 below

α = 10° above and

below

ß=45° front and to the

rear


Reflector amber : Yes/No

Record E number:

Record characteristic “IA or IB” if evident:

No of devices

left side:

Location rear-

most

device

middl

e

device

fore-

most

device

Maximum distance

between any two

adjacent

reflectors:

Complies with

above

Yes/No

Height: Yes No

No of devices

right side: longitudinal

Distance

from rear:

longitudinal

Distance

from front:

Side retro reflector position:

Remarks if any (Side Retro-Reflector Non-Triangular):

Note 5: Longitudinal requirements: at least one side retro-reflector shall be fitted to the middle third of the trailer, the foremost side retro-reflector being not further than 3 m from

the front; The distance between two adjacent side retro-reflectors shall not exceed 3 m. The distance between the rearmost side retro-reflector and the rear of the trailer shall not

exceed 1 m.


Page 10 Rev. 03


ment

Position

Geometric


α= vertical angle

Side-Marker

Lamps

(6.18 R48)

Amber Mandatory if: >

6m long,

Category SM1

See note 5

below

State in

remarks if

different

arrangement

of either side

No special

arrangeme

nts

Height: 250-900mm(1500mm if 900mm not possible)

Length: fitted middle third and distance between adjacent lamps <3m

See note 5 below

α = 10° above and

below

ß=45° front and to

the rear


Illuminates amber : Yes/No

Record E number:

Record characteristic “SM1” if evident:

No of devices

left side:

Location rear-

most

device

middle

device

fore-

most

device

Maximum distance

between any two

adjacent lamps:

Complies with

above

Yes/No

Height:

Yes No

longitudinal

Distance

from rear:

No of devices

right side: longitudinal

Distance

from front:

Side marker lamps position:

Remarks if any (Side Marker lamps):

Note 5 Longitudinal requirements: at least one side marker lamp shall be fitted to the middle third of the trailer, the foremost side marker being not further than 3 m from the front; The distance between two adjacent side retro-reflectors shall not exceed 3 m. The distance between the rearmost side retro-reflector and the rear of the trailer shall not exceed 1 m.


Page 11 Rev. 03


ment

Position

Geometric


α= vertical angle

Electrical

Connections

Tell-Tale

Front Position

Lamp

(6.9 R48)

White Mandatory on

trailers if

> 1600mm wide

Category A

2 no special

arrangeme

nts

W: < 150mm from edge

H: 350-1500mm




α = 15° upwards

and downwards

ß=80° outwards

and 45° inwards

See note 1 below

5.11 R48


tale


illuminates white : Yes/No

Record E number:

Record characteristic “A” if evident:

No of


no 1

Device

no 2

Complies with

above

Yes/No

Front position lamp position:

Height Yes No

Width

Remarks if any (front position lamp):

Note 1: The electrical connections shall be such that the front and rear position lamps, the end-outline marker lamps, if they exist, the side-marker lamps, if they exist, and the rear registration plate lamp

can only be switched ON and OFF simultaneously


ment

Position*

Geometric


α= vertical angle

Electrical

Connections

n/a

Tell-Tale

n/a

Front Retro-

Reflector Non-

Triangular

(6.16 R48)

White Mandatory

Category class IA

or IB

2

No special

arrangeme

nts

W < 150mm H: 250-900mm


possible)

α = 10° above and

below

ß=30° inwards

and outwards

Front retro reflector position:


Reflector white : Yes/No

Record E number:

Record characteristic “IA or IB” if evident:

No of


no 1

Device

no 2

Complies with

above

Yes/No

Height Yes No

Width

Remarks if any (front retro reflector lamp):


Page 12 Rev. 03

Function Colour Presence Number Arran

geme

nt

Position


α= vertical angle

Electrical

Connections

Tell-Tale

End-Outline

Marker Lamp

Front

(6.13 R48)

White Front, Mandatory if width

>2.1m

Category

A or AM (front)

2 front no

specia

l

arrang

ement

s

W: < 400mm and as close as

possible to edge

H: at max. height compatible

with design

See note 1 below

5.11 R48

See note 1

below

5.11 R48

Optional, see R-

48


illuminates white : Yes/No

Record E number:

Record characteristic “A or AM” if evident:

No of


no 1

Devi

ce

no 2

Complies

with

above

Yes/No

Complies

with

above

Yes/No

End outliner position:

Height Yes Yes

Width

Remarks if any (end outliner marker Rear and front):




Page 13 Rev. 03

Function Colour Presence Requirement (supply photos of all contour marking fitted with this report)

See Appendix 1below for illustrations to assist

Conspicuity

markings

(reflective

contour tape

REAR

(6.21 R48)

Red Mandatory O3, O4

if width >2.1m and

length > 6m

Category

Conspicuity markings shall be as close as practicable horizontally and vertically, compatible with the shape, structure,

design and operational. Markings can be considered continuous if gaps are less than 50% of the length of adjacent

elements (see illustration below)

If partial markings fitted, shall follow as close as practical the contour of outer shape of trailer.

Shall not be within 200mm of rear brake lamp

reflective tape evident: Yes/No

Reflective red : Yes/No

Record E number:

Yes No

Full contour marking to the rear?:

Fitted as close as possible to the horizontal and vertical edges?:

Partial contour marking to the rear?:

If partial, shall follow as close as practical the contour of outer shape of trailer?:

Lowest edge within 250 and 1500mm from the ground mm

At least 200mm away from mandatory brake light? mm

Remarks if any (Conspicuity markings Rear):

Function Colour Presence Requirement (supply photos of all contour marking fitted with this report)

See Appendix 1below for illustrations to assist

Conspicuity

markings

(reflective

contour tape

SIDE

(6.21 R48)

white or yellow Mandatory O3, O4

if width >2.1m and

length > 6m

Category

Conspicuity markings shall be as close as practicable to being parallel to median longitudinal plane horizontally and

vertically, compatible with the shape, structure, design and operational.

If partial markings fitted, shall follow as close as practical the contour of outer shape of trailer

reflective tape evident: Yes/No

Reflective white or yellow :

Record E number:

Yes No

Partial contour marking at both end top side corners? (see image pg 14 below)

Within 600mm of either end of trailer?

Must cover at least 70% of the overall length? (see image pg. 14 below) mm

Lowest edge within 250 and 1500mm from the ground mm

Remarks if any (Conspicuity markings side):


Page 14 Rev. 03

Appendix 1-Conspicuity illustratations


Page 15 Rev. 03


Page 16 Rev. 03


Page 17 Rev. 03

Appendix 2 - Example of approval mark on rear lamp cluster

Above is an example of an approval mark on a lamp cluster. The letter “F” indicates Fog lamp function, “2a” indicates direction indicator function, “AR”

indicates reversing lamp function, “R” indicates rear position lamp function, “S1” indicates stop lamp function. The two digits directly underneath each letter

indicates the series of amendments it complies to. The “E9” in the circle is the country it was approved in. The number underneath E9 “1432” is the

sequential approval number assigned by the country which approved


Page 18 Rev. 03

Appendix 3 – Template for gauge design for checking geometric visibility


Page 19 Rev. 03

Appendix 3 – Template for gauge design for checking geometric visibility

ATC Inspection procedure for trailers of category O1, O2

Page 1 of 10

Important Note: ATC inspections must be completely impartial and independent of any

commercial activity associated with the vehicle

The following ATC report is for inspection of category O1, O2 trailers

The full ATC report plus documents as in table below should be forwarded to NSAI. Photos of the

inspected trailer (including a photo of the VIN as on the vehicle) must also be forwarded. A copy of

ATC report must also be given to applicant.

This document does not need to be completed electronically and may be completed by biro, scanned and

returned.

All relevant sections should be signed and stamped by the ATC.

The following documents may be presented with the trailer for ATC inspection:

SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS Present Not

present1

- Completed NSAI evaluation form

- Coupling manufacturers certificate and installation instructions for device

- Braking reports

- Any additionally technically relevant information e.g. drawings, weigh

docket, other type approval certificates/test reports not mentioned above

DETAILS

Applicant Name:


Category:

Trailer description (e.g. box

body, tipper etc…)

Name of ATC:

Name of ATC tester:



Note to ATC inspector: Please complete all sections below plus additional supplementary report for light

installation TR-020-O

1 If not available at time of inspection, can be forwarded to NSAI prior to final approval so long as it does not

prevent the ATC from carrying out relevant inspection


Page 2 of 10

ATC inspection checklist Performed Remarks

(if any)

General construction (item 0) Yes No

Inspection checklist as per item 0 below?

Plates (item 18) Yes No

Statutory plate and VIN inspection of trailer item 18 below?

Rear registration plate space (item 4) Yes No

Inspection of registration plate space item 4 below?

Rear under run (item 3) Yes No

Inspection of rear under run section item 3 below?

Tyre installation (item 46) Yes No

Inspection of tyres as per item 46 below?

Steering (item 5) Yes No

Steering check item 5 below (if one or more axles steered)?

Masses and dimensions (item 48) Yes No

Dimensional and manoeuvrability check as per item 48 below?

Coupling (item 50) Yes No

Coupling inspection as per item 50 below?

Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) (Item 10) Yes No

Inspection of additionally added electronic components item 10

below?

ATC inspection checklist (Supplementary reports) Separate reports required

to be attached

Light Installation: (Test record TR-020) Yes No


Remarks(if any)


Page 3 of 10

0. General construction requirements (TR-000) (extracted requirements from S.I 280 of 2017)

Compliance with

requirements

(Yes/No/remarks)

Requirements: Yes No

1. All aspects of the design and construction of the vehicle/trailer and its

equipment shall be such that no danger is caused or likely to be caused to

any person in the vehicle or on a road.

2. In particular, under all normal conditions likely to be encountered

while the vehicle/trailer is being driven on a road, including when the

vehicle/trailer is loaded to its maximum gross weight and the axle weight of


Yes No

• it shall be possible to control the vehicle safely, taking account of

the vehicle’s speed and acceleration capabilities;

• it shall at all times be possible for the driver, while controlling the

vehicle, to have a full view of the road and traffic ahead of the

vehicle;

• the clearance between any of the following parts of the vehicle,

namely the tyres, wheels, other rotating components associated

with the transmission of engine power or braking, moveable parts

of the steering mechanism and fixed parts shall be sufficient to

ensure no risk of fouling and the wheels and wheel fixings shall be

compatible;

• the vehicle structure (chassis or integral chassis-body), shall be so

designed and constructed as to withstand the forces and vibration to

which it is likely to be subject;

• all entries and exits provided for the vehicle occupants (other than

doors) shall be so designed as to allow easy and safe use;

• all aperture covers (other than doors) including tail gates, boot and

bonnet lids, shall be capable of being securely latched in the fully

closed position;

• the steering, suspension, axles and wheels shall be so designed,

constructed and fitted as to withstand the forces and vibration to

which they are likely to be subject;

• the electrical system, including the battery, electrical components

and wires, shall be securely attached to the vehicle.

In particular, the maximum distance between attachments

of wires, except those contained within hollow components,

shall be 300 mm and wires shall be so fitted and protected


All components shall be so constructed and fitted as to

minimise the risk of corrosion and fire.

Remarks (if any):


Page 4 of 10

18. Plates and identification (TR-018)

Compliance with

requirements

(Yes/No/remarks)

Requirements

Statutory plate contains:

Yes No

Name of manufacturer:

Type-approval number (if available at time of inspection):

Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) or Unique Identifier:

Maximum permitted laden mass of the trailer:

Maximum permitted road mass for each axle, listed in order from front

to rear (including king pin/coupling device):

Maximum permitted mass on axle group identified by “T”:

Requirements

Vehicle Identification number/identifier:

Yes No

VIN or unique identifier is marked on chassis or other structure in such

a way that it cannot be obliterated or deteriorate:

The height of the characters shall not be less than 4 mm.

Location on trailer:

Location of manufacturers plate:

Location of VIN number marked on chassis

Remarks (if any):

4. Rear Registration plate space (TR-004) Requirements:

• The space for mounting the rear registration plate shall comprise an

even or virtually even rectangular surface with the following

dimensions:

Width 520 with height 120mm

or Width 340 with height 240mm

Width mm

Height: mm

• The space must allow the mounting of a plate in a position as close to

vertical as is possible by the vehicle structure available.

o < 30º from the vertical if plate is facing upwards.

o < 15º from the vertical if plate is facing downwards.

• The plate shall be visible in the whole space (Yes/No).

• Height of lower edge of plate from the ground (>0.3m) mm

• Height of upper edge of plate from the ground (<1.2m)2 mm

• Located centrally or left of center but within left outer edge Y: N: Remarks (if any):

2 However, where it is impossible in practice to comply with this provision, the height may exceed

1.20 m but no case exceed 2 m


Page 5 of 10

3. Rear Under run (TR-003) Result

• When the construction of the rear of the vehicle forms the rear under run

protection device, then the ground clearance of the rear part of the

vehicle must not exceed 550mm over a width which is not shorter than

that of the rear axle by more than 100mm on either side (excluding any

tyre bulging close to the ground).

mm

46. Tyre Installation (TR-046)

Requirement

All tyres are fitted with e or E marked tyres (record approval

number and the axle number its fitted on)

E number:

All tyres are marked with the appropriate speed and load ratings for

their particular axle locations and the intended use of the vehicle.

Speed rating:

Load rating:

Each tyre fitted must have the same structure (e.g. bias-belted, crossply

or radial), nominal size and aspect ratio as any other tyre on the same

axle

Compliance with

requirements

Yes No

Remarks (if any):

10. Electro-magnetic compatibility (EMC) (TR-010)

To check inspect additionally added electronic components have appropriate E-markings.

NSAI may have advised on additionally added EMC equipment. Locate devices and record

details in table below

FUNCTION OF DEVICE TRADENAME OF DEVICE E-MARK OF DEVICE

For example:

Refrigeration unit for cooling

body

For example:

Fridge king

For example:

E44- 10R- 05 1234


Page 6 of 10

48. Masses and dimensions

Overall Dimensions

Length (mm)

Width (mm) Height (mm)

Axle Track (mm)

Axle 1:

Axle 2: Axle 3:

Wheelbase (distance from centre of coupling to centre of first axle): mm

Axle spacing (if more that single axle): mm

Rear overhang :

(centre of rearmost axle to rearmost point of trailer)

mm

Distance between centre of coupling device and centre of foremost axle

(mm):

mm

Length of loading area (mm): mm

Manoeuvrability requirements

Drive test method

Any trailer must be able to manoeuvre on either side for a complete circular trajectory of 360°

inside an area defined by two concentric circles, the outer circle having a radius of 12,50 m and the

inner circle having a radius of 5.30 m, without any of the vehicle's outermost points (with the

exception of the protruding parts prescribed for the vehicle width in appendix 4 below ) projecting

outside the circumferences of the outermost circle or inside the inner most .

Yes No

Manoeuvrability requirements met by drive test method above:

If yes, submit video of test with this report


Page 7 of 10

5. Steering (if applicable)

See appendix 3 below for definitions


The tests outlined below must be performed in a flat open area test site, marked out

accordingly with minimum dimension of 65m x 65m to allow manoeuvrability tests.

Video evidence of test required Yes No

Are any of the axles steered axles?


Number of steered axles (foremost axle is No1, next is 2 and so on): Axle No(s):

Yes No

Type of steering:

Self-tracking steering equipment:

Articulated steering:

Self-steering:

Type of steering:

Purely mechanical steering transmission:

Purely hydraulic steering transmission:

Purely electric steering transmission:

Requirement Result

• (1)The steering system shall ensure easy and safe handling of the

vehicle

• (2)The trailer must travel without excessive deviation or unusual

vibration in its steering equipment when the towing vehicle is

travelling in a straight line on a flat and horizontal road

• (3)With the towing vehicle and trailer having adopted a steady state

turn corresponding to a turning circle radius of 25 m (see definition

below) at a constant speed of 5 km/h, the circle described by the

rearmost outer edge of the trailer shall be measured. This manoeuvre

shall be repeated under the same conditions but at a speed of 25 km/h

± 1 km/h. During these manoeuvres, the rearmost outer edge of the

trailer travelling at a speed of 25 km/h ± 1 km/h shall not move outside

the circle described at a constant speed of 5 km/h by more than 0.7 m.

See figure 2 below

• (4)No part of the trailer shall move more than 0.5 m beyond the

tangent to a circle with a radius of 25 m when towed by a vehicle

leaving the circular path described in paragraph item 3 above. along

the tangent and travelling at a speed of 25 km/h. This requirement

must be met from the point the tangent meets the circle to a point 40 m

along the tangent.

See figure 3 below


Page 8 of 10

Illustration of steering test requirements above items (3) and (4)


Page 9 of 10

9. Brakes

(Section below for inertia brakes-over run brakes only)

Yes No

Is the braking system for the trailer inertia brakes (over run brakes)?


Result

(Pass/Fail)

Observation/ comments

-A laden parking brake test shall be carried out on the

trailer on an 18° gradient

- Check to see if reverse is capable with towing vehicle

Visual inspection of :

- sliding member to ensure brake can be fully applied

- sliding members of control device are protected by

bellows or some equivalent device

technical reports according to Directive 71/320/EEC,

Annex VIII, appendix 2 and 3 and a compatibility check

to annex VIII appendix 4

50. Couplings

EC approval number of coupling device:

Class of coupling device:

D-value:

S-value:

Coupling Heads fitted to Trailers of Maximum Mass 3.5 tonnes

Requirement Observation and Result

Check the security of the coupling ball and towing

bracket paying particular attention to:

- The number and grade of securing bolts

required:

- Whether appropriate reinforcement or load

spreader plates are fitted:

Manufacturers installation instructions:

No. of bolts:

Size of bolts:

Grade of bolts:

Loader spreader plates fitted: Yes No

Installed in accordance with

Manufacturer’s instructions: Yes No

Check installation height of the coupling head:

*(Trailer floor or loading surface must in be in a

horizontal position)

Height from ground: mm ( 430 + 35 mm)

The design of the drawbar including the coupling

head for use on O1 and O2 centre axle trailers shall

be such as to prevent the coupling head from digging

into the ground in the event of separation from the

main coupling

Separation chain fitted: Yes No

Breakaway cable fitted Yes No


Page 10 of 10

Attachment of Drawbar Eyes and Drawbars on Trailers Requirement Observation and Result

-Drawbars for centre-axle trailers must have a

support device adjustable in height if the vertical

bearing load at the drawbar eye on the trailer type

exceeds 50 kg, when the trailer is uniformly loaded

to its technically permissible maximum mass:

Vertical load on drawbar eye: kg (S-value)

If greater than 50kg, adjustable

support device fitted: Yes No

Hinged drawbars shall be clear of the ground. They

shall not fall below a height of 200 mm from the

ground when released from the horizontal position.

mm

IMPORTANT NOTICE: Light installation is a separate report

and must be completed separately and attached with this report



Report TR020 - O to be completed by the ATC and attached

Equipment and calibration data for all tests/inspections carried out:

Equipment name Serial number Calibration due date Test record No

Remarks:

Signature and Authorisation of ATC

I confirm that I have carried out all relevant inspections as per this inspection report in accordance with the

test procedures for this category of vehicle and category of approval.

I confirm that this ATC can be considered impartial and independent of any commercial activity associated

with this trailer.

Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)

/unique identifier:___________________________________________________________

Signature Date

----------------------- -----------------------

Name

[official stamp of ATC

of 7

Annex III

Response Time Test (extract from UN-ECE R13.06) E/ECE/324 E/ECE/TRANS/505 Rev.1/Add.12/Rev.6 Regulation No. 13 page 86 Annex 6

Annex 6 METHOD OF MEASURING THE RESPONSE TIME ON VEHICLES

EQUIPPED WITH COMPRESSED-AIR BRAKING SYSTEMS

1. GENERAL 1.1. The response times of the service braking system shall be determined on the stationary vehicle, the pressure being measured at the intake to the cylinder of the least favourably placed brake. In the case of vehicles fitted with combined compressed-air/hydraulic braking systems, the pressure may be measured at the opening of the least favourably placed pneumatic unit. For vehicles equipped with load sensing valves, these devices shall be set in the "laden" position. 1.2. During the test, the stroke of the brake cylinders of the various axles shall be that required for brakes adjusted as closely as possible. 1.3. The response times determined in accordance with the provisions of this annex shall be rounded to the nearest tenth of a second. If the figure representing the hundredth is five or more, the response time shall be rounded up to the next higher tenth. 2. POWER-DRIVEN VEHICLES 2.1. At the beginning of each test, the pressure in the energy storage device shall be equal to the pressure at which the governor restores the feed to the system. In systems not equipped with a governor (e.g., pressure-limited compressors) the pressure in the energy storage device at the beginning of each test shall be 90 per cent of the pressure specified by the manufacturer and defined in paragraph 1.2.2.1. of Part A of Annex 7 to this Regulation, used for the tests prescribed in this annex. 2.2. The response times as a function of the actuating time (tf) shall be obtained by a succession of full actuations, beginning with the shortest possible actuating time and increasing to a time of about 0.4 seconds. The measured values shall be plotted on a graph. 2.3. The response time to be taken into consideration for the purpose of the test is that corresponding to an actuating time of 0.2 seconds. This response time can be obtained from the graph by interpolation.

of 7

2.4. For an actuating time of 0.2 seconds, the time elapsing from the initiation of the braking system control actuation to the moment when the pressure in the brake cylinder reaches 75 per cent of its asymptotic value shall not exceed 0.6 seconds. 2.5. In the case of power-driven vehicles having a pneumatic control line for trailers, in addition to the requirements of paragraph 1.1. of this annex, the response time shall be measured at the extremity of a pipe 2.5 m long with an internal diameter of 13 mm which shall be joined to the coupling head of the control line of the service braking system. During this test, a volume of 385 + 5 cm3 (which is deemed to be equivalent to the volume of a pipe 2.5 m long with an internal diameter of 13 mm and under a pressure of 650 kPa) shall be connected to the coupling head of the supply line. Tractors for semi-trailers shall be equipped with flexible pipes for making the connection to semi-trailers. The coupling heads will, therefore, be at the extremity of those flexible pipes. The length and internal diameter of the pipes shall be entered at item 14.7.3. of the form conforming to the model in Annex 2 to this Regulation. 2.6. The time elapsing from the initiation of brake-pedal actuation to the moment when (a) the pressure measured at the coupling head of the pneumatic control line, (b) the digital demand value in the electric control line measured according to ISO 11992:2003 reaches x per cent of its asymptotic, respectively final, value shall not exceed the times shown in the table below:

X (per cent) t(s) 10 75

0.2 0.4

2.7. In the case of power-driven vehicles authorized to tow trailers of category O3 or O4 fitted with compressed-air braking systems, in addition to the above-mentioned requirements, the prescriptions in paragraph 5.2.1.18.4.1. of this Regulation shall be verified by conducting the following test:

(a) by measuring the pressure at the extremity of a pipe 2.5 m long with an internal diameter of 13 mm which shall be joined to the coupling head of the supply line; (b) by simulating a failure of the control line at the coupling head; (c) by actuating the service braking control device in 0.2 seconds, as described in paragraph 2.3 above.

3. TRAILERS 3.1. The trailer's response times shall be measured without the power-driven vehicle. To replace the power-driven vehicle, it is necessary to provide a simulator to which the coupling heads of the supply line, the pneumatic control line and/or the connector of the electric control line are connected.

of 7

3.2. The pressure in the supply line shall be 650 kPa. 3.3. The simulator for pneumatic control lines shall have the following characteristics: 3.3.1. It shall have a reservoir with a capacity of 30 litres which shall be charged to a pressure of 650 kPa before each test and which shall not be recharged during each test. At the outlet of the braking control device, the simulator shall incorporate an orifice with a diameter of from 4.0 to 4.3 mm inclusive. The volume of the pipe measured from the orifice up to and including the coupling head shall be 385 + 5 cm3 (which is deemed to be equivalent to the volume of a pipe 2.5 m long with an internal diameter of 13 mm and under a pressure of 650 kPa). The control line pressures referred to in paragraph 3.3.3. of this annex shall be measured immediately downstream of the orifice. 3.3.2. The braking system control shall be so designed that its performance in use is not affected by the tester. 3.3.3. The simulator shall be set, e.g. through the choice of orifice in accordance with paragraph 3.3.1. of this annex in such a way that, if a reservoir of 385 + 5 cm3 is joined to it, the time taken for the pressure to increase from 65 to 490 kPa (10 and 75 per cent respectively of the nominal pressure of 650 kPa) shall be 0.2 + 0.01 seconds. If a reservoir of 1155 + 15 cm3 is substituted for the above-mentioned reservoir, the time taken for the pressure to increase from 65 to 490 kPa without further adjustment shall be 0.38 + 0.02 seconds. Between these two pressure values, the pressure shall increase in an approximately linear way. These reservoirs shall be connected to the coupling head without using flexible pipes and the connection shall have an internal diameter of not less than 10 mm. 3.3.4. The diagrams in the appendix to this annex give an example of the correct configuration of the simulator for setting and use. 3.4. The simulator for checking the response to signals transmitted via the electric control line shall have the following characteristics: 3.4.1. The simulator shall produce a digital demand signal in the electric control line according to ISO 11992-2:2003 and shall provide the appropriate information to the trailer via pins 6 and 7 of the ISO 7638:1997 connector. For the purpose of response time measurement the simulator may at the manufacturer's request transmit to the trailer information that no pneumatic control line is present and that the electric control line demand signal is generated from two independent circuits (see paragraphs 6.4.2.2.24. and 6.4.2.2.25. of ISO 11992-2:2003). 3.4.2. The braking system control shall be so designed that its performance in use is not affected by the tester. 3.4.3. For the purpose of response time measurement the signal produced by the electric simulator shall be equivalent to a linear pneumatic pressure increase from 0.0 to 650 kPa in 0.2 + 0.01 seconds. 3.4.4. The diagrams in the appendix to this annex give an example of the correct configuration of the simulator for setting and use. 3.5. Performance requirements

of 7

3.5.1. For trailers with a pneumatic control line the time elapsing between the moment when the pressure produced in the control line by the simulator reaches 65 kPa and the moment when the pressure in the brake actuator of the trailer reaches 75 per cent of its asymptotic value shall not exceed 0.4 seconds. 3.5.1.1. Trailers equipped with a pneumatic control line and having electric control transmission shall be checked with the electrical power supplied to the trailer via the ISO 7638:1997 connector (5 or 7 pin). 3.5.2. For trailers with an electric control line the time elapsing between the moment when the signal produced by the simulator exceeds the equivalent of 65 kPa and the moment when the pressure in the brake actuator of the trailer reaches 75 per cent of its asymptotic value shall not exceed 0.4 seconds. 3.5.3. In the case of trailers equipped with a pneumatic and an electric control line, the response time measurement for each control line shall be determined independently according to the relevant procedure defined above.

nsai guidance document for trailers of category o1, o2, o3 ...€¦ · this document aims to...

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