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Northern Plains National Heritage AreaMANAGEMENT PLAN

Prepared by the Northern Plains Heritage Foundatio

2012


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TABLE o CONTENTS

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Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................................ i

MANAGEMENT PLAN

Background ............................................................................................................................................... 1

Themes and Resource Inventory .............................................................................................................. 3

Policies, Goals and Strategies ................................................................................................................... 8

Program or Management Plan Implementation .................................................................................. 11

Coordination with Federal, State, Tribal and Local Programs .............................................................. 14

Conclusions and Recommendations ...................................................................................................... 16

APPENDICES

Appendix A: Legislation .......................................................................................................................... 18

Appendix B: Northern Plains National Heritage Area Public Involvement Plan ................................. 22

Appendix C: Public Comments ............................................................................................................... 26

Appendix D: Natural, Cultural and Historic Resources o the NPNHA .................................................. 31

Appendix E: Cooperative Agreement .................................................................................................... 36

Appendix F: Northern Plains Heritage Foundation By-Laws and

Conict o Interest Policy .................................. ................................................................................ 42


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EXECUTIVE SUMMARYhe legislation creating the Northern Plains National Heritage Area (Public Law 111-11 Section 8004), as amended (Appe

A), contains no specic mission statement or the Heritage Area, except that a management plan will describe how to procwith telling the story o the heritage o the area covered by the Heritage Area and encouraging long-term resource protec

nhancement, interpretation, unding, management and development o the Heritage Area. What is lacking in that statem

s the description o which story is to be told. But the process or determining which story is outlined in legislation ubsequently, in a Cooperative Agreement between the National Park Service (NPS) and the Northern Plains Heritage FoundaNPHF), (Appendix B). The Cooperative Agreement also provides some specics about the story or stories to be told, assupreservation and conservation o the National Heritage Areas nationally important stories, including the culture and lega

the Three Aliated Tribes and other tribes as appropriate. Additionally, the easibility study or the Northern Plains NatiHeritage Area, conducted by the NPHF in 2005-07, and presented to Congress or its consideration prior to its designation oNorthern Plains National Heritage Area, contains a Vision Statement, describes interpretive themes, recommends managem

lternatives, and natural, scenic, recreational, cultural and historic places and events within the proposed Heritage Area.

his drat management plan is the result o a process which required that the NPHF aord adequate opportunity or pund Federal, State, tribal, and local governmental involvement in the preparation o the management plan. This was d

n accordance with a public involvement plan (Appendix A) through public meetings in each o the ve counties mention the legislation, and through meetings with representatives o state agencies and other potential partner organizationhe Heritage Area. Appendix C summarizes comments received during those meetings, which were careully considere

eveloping this drat management plan.

eginning even beore a well-attended rst public meeting at the Veterans Memorial Library in Bismarck, October 12, 2ublic comment ocused on the potential eects o the Heritage Area on private property. Concerns about zoning or regulauthority because o the designation were widespread, along with some ear that being in the Heritage Area would limit

ghts o landowners to sell their land, allow wind generators or aect the rights o inheritance. Landowners were reassuremended legislation that removed all private property rom the Heritage Area and required written application by the landowo participate in any Heritage Area projects (Appendix A). As that provision was explained and understood, the ocus o the p

meetings shited to how to achieve positive results rom the Heritage Area. Still, private property rights were still a concermany and comments were solicited to nd language and provisions or the management plan that would urther assure prandowners. But the public and partner meetings also generated comments about how the Heritage Area management ould best meet its goals and meet unmet needs o heritage tourism organizations in the Heritage Area, as well as protec

nhancing, interpreting, unding, managing and developing the Heritage Area.

he drat management plan that ollows is based on that public input, the authorizing language o the Congressional Actooperative Agreement between the NPS and the NPHF, and the easibility study presented to Congress upon which designa

the National Heritage Area was based, indicating legislative intent.

THEMES and RESOURCE INVENTORY: Stories to be ToldWhile speciying the culture and heritage o the Three Aliated Tribes (Mandan, Hidatsa and Arikara), the Cooperative Agreem

ndicates that other nationally-important stories should be told as well. The stories o Lewis and Clark at Fort MandanGeorge Custers 7th Cavalry at Fort Lincoln certainly rank as nationally-important. Beyond those are numerous sites and ev

oth public and private, heritage or commercially based, with tangential relationships to the major stories, or with compe

tories o their own that individually may not rise to the level o nationally important, but which collectively, or by basis o lacement within a national heritage area, add to the tapestry o heritage in the Heritage Area. More than that, these other nd events t within the legislative charge to protect, enhance, interpret, und, manage and develop the natural, histoultural, educational, scenic and recreational resources o the Heritage Area.

Thereore this management plan provides the maximum fexibility to the NPHF to be inclusive in support o projectsontribute to the natural, historical, educational, scenic and recreational resources o the Area.

PROGRAM or IMPLEMENTING the MANAGEMENT PLAN: Use o Fundshe legislative authority is to use unds or making grants to political jurisdictions, nonprot organizations, and other pa

within the Heritage Area. The NPHF is also authorized to hire sta, contract or goods or services, and support or cooperate artners in the Area, including entering into cooperative agreements with political jurisdictions, nonprot organizationsther parties within the Heritage Area other than through grant programs.

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he management plan lays out our ways that unds may be used:

. Grant making will be the major item in the annual budgets o the NPHF, leveraging ederal unds with locally-genermatching unds to accomplish the goals o the Heritage Area. Grants will support sites, events and projects that enhance heriourism and education within the Heritage Area.

. Cooperative Agreements may also be employed between the NPHF and agencies and organizations within the HeriArea to urther the goals o the Heritage Area. These could be in joint projects or in the provision o technical assistance.

istinction between grant making and cooperative agreements will largely be a unction o the level o involvement o the Nn ormulation and direction o the project and the type and duration o the project. A cooperative agreement is appropria

egard to long-term cooperation on general goals, or over a series o sites or events. The main objectives o the NPHF techssistance will be to assist partner entities within the Heritage Area in making use o new media to tell their stories and promheir sites and events, and to provide assistance in accessing and implementing grant programs.

. Technical Assistance may be oered to people and organizations in urtherance o the goals o the Heritage Area. Assistmay include acilitating conversations between partner organizations in heritage tourism, as well as assistance with see

rants through the NPHF and working with grant applicants and through cooperative agreements to meet guidelines se

ongress and the National Park Service in achieving the goals o the Heritage Area.

. Stang, oce space and equipment, and administrative services will be provided, at least initially, by contract with the Abraham Lincoln Foundation. The contract is or a 29-month term through September 30, 2012 subject to cancellation

0 days notice by either party. The NPHF will periodically review its needs or administrative services. It may hire an execuirector and other sta, or continue to contract or those services.

RESOURCE MANAGMENT POLICIES and STRATEGIES: Property Rights AssuredWhile P.L. 111-11, as amended, provides absolute protections or private property owners within the Heritage Area, some

itizens still express concerns. The most tangible concern expressed was that the NPHF would use the promise o ederal o infuence zoning authorities to restrict development o wind arms, implement viewshed restrictions, or otherwise ollreservationist agenda aecting private landowner rights.

The management plan expresses the commitment o the NPHF to respect the letter and the spirit o the legislationooperative agreement in regard to property rights, to assure that all residents who work with them are doing so by chpplying the property rights mandate or opt in, opt out as required by the enabling legislation in regards to property own

CONCLUSION and RECOMMENDATIONShe management plan which ollows answers the key questions and contains the assurances required by legislation incluroviding the Criteria or Approval by the Secretary o the Interior or the management plan.

he Northern Plains National Heritage Area provides an important aid to preservation, development and maintenance o gnicant to the story o America. It provides encouragement and coordination to link Heritage Area story-tellers, that igencies, organizations and individuals involved in ownership, management and support o the sites and stories o the N

hat will improve their collective capabilities.

The goals o the Northern Plains National Heritage Area are to increase public awareness o local history and assoc

andscapes, the national signicance o elements o that history and sites, and the need or preservation; to encourage resen local history in order to incorporate relevant culture into the educational curriculum; and to enhance the quality o commuharacter, promoting greater sense o place, and strengthening the regions identity.

hrough 2024, the principle activity o the management o the NHA through the coordination o the NPHF with the NPS wo provide matching unds to encourage and improve the work o the story-tellers. At conclusion o the 15-year authorizahe goal is or the NPHF to be sustained by local support because it has proven to provide useul service not just in brinederal unds to match local eorts, but because it has provided a ramework linking the various partners and the principles

mportance o preservation, interpretation, development and maintenance o the nationally-signicant sites widely recogn

nd supported within the Heritage Area.

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Fort Abraham Lincoln State Park

Mandan, ND


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NPNHA MANAGEMENT PLANBACKGROUND

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March 30, 2009, President Barack Obama signed Public Law 111-11 (Appendix A), creating the Northern Plains National HeriArea, consisting o a core area o resources in Burleigh, McLean, Mercer, Morton and Oliver Counties in North Dakota, and,

tes, buildings, and districts within the core area recommended by the management plan or inclusion in the Heritage Area.ocument is the proposed management plan.

The designation resulted rom a Congressionally-sponsored easibility study or the Northern Plains National Heritage A

onducted 2005-2007, at the instigation o U.S. Senator Byron Dorgan with the support o Senator Kent Conrad and Representaarl Pomeroy o North Dakota. The easibility study evaluated the proposed area according to 10 interim criteria suggestehe National Park Service (NPS). The criteria have not been adopted by Congress as denitive in the heritage area process

hey provided a ramework or the study.

eyond looking at the study area through the lens o the NPS criteria, the easibility study process included providing backgronormation to the public in the area through presentations to potential partner organizations, local service clubs, and in p

meetings beore city and county commissions. Each county commission in the area was asked to provide a letter o supor the easibility study, which they did. In the end, the 2007 Feasibility Study reported that, based on inormation collehroughout this study process, the Northern Plains Heritage Foundation concludes that the Northern Plains National Heri

Area meets all criteria recommended or heritage area designation. It concluded with a Vision Statement:

With the mission o the Northern Plains Heritage Foundation and the proposed National Heritage Area to preserve, promote

develop the culture, natural and scenic resources o the Northern Plains region o central North Dakota along the Missouri Ri

the vision 15 years out is a grand one.

Visionary people o this region have laid the groundwork that will make the work o the National Heritage Area popular

successul. The recently-concluded national commemoration o the Lewis and Clark Bicentennial helped increase public aware

o the uniqueness o the cultures and the special sense o place along the Missouri River Valley.

The National Heritage Area designation will ampliy this awareness, and draw additional people into the dialogue o how be

enhance and promote the cultural resources o the area. Critical to meeting the ambitious goals that will be set out are two histonon-prot organizations, the Fort Abraham Lincoln Foundation o Mandan and the Lewis & Clark Fort Mandan Foundatio

Washburn. These two bookends o the Northern Plains National Heritage Area will provide a valuable inrastructure o sup

or the work o the Area.

Fiteen years rom now, the work o the Northern Plains NHA will have elevated the status o the many historic and cultural

in the corridor, among local residents and visitors rom around the world. A new generation o North Dakotans will com

appreciate their special sense o place through enhancements to the sites along with the communities and organizations w

support them.

Bismarck/Mandan and the smaller, rural communities along the NHA corridor will benet rom economic developm

opportunities presented by pass-through grants provided by the NHA. Businesses will be able to remodel their storeronts to m

the cultural aspects o their setting. For example, Washburn, which was established as a riverboat town 125 years ago, may chto ollow a Missouri River steamboat theme throughout its historic downtown district. Bismarck and Mandan have started

trend in various areas, particularly through their Parks and Recreation Departments, and the NHA will be able to augment

enhance those eorts.

World-class interpretive centers and historic sites will be able to oer new acilities and services to their visitors, woven togeth

the thread o the NHA. Greater insights into the depths o the many cultures that have inhabited this corridor will be availab

those centers and sites, enhancing their interpretive component.

It is anticipated that old, historic buildings will nd new lives with matching grants that will entice their owners into dram

improvements to benet residents and visitors. Formerly neglected areas will be revitalized by this surge o opportunity.


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As the work o the Northern Plains National Heritage Area takes root, the results will be noticeable and dramatic. The end resul

be a stronger sense o place appreciated by those who choose to make the Missouri River Valley their home and also the vis

who are attracted to come. The world will know that this is a very special place, with cultures that date back thousands o y

and a thriving, vibrant culture today with an exciting uture.

he easibility study was presented to Congress through the North Dakota Congressional Delegation in March, 2007. Legisla

enate Bill 2098, was introduced in the Senate in 2007, and a hearing held in the Subcommittee on National Parks o the Untates Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee, November 8, 2007. The President o the Northern Plains Herioundation, State Senator Tracy Potter, was called to testiy, as was Katherine H. Stevenson, Acting Assistant Director, Buservices, National Park Service.

he NPS, while recognizing the historic, cultural and natural eatures o the area, did not support Senate Bill 2098, citing whey perceived to be a lack o signicant levels o public involvement and the local commitments necessary or succe

lanning and implementation o a heritage area. Ms. Stevenson suggested that broader public engagement, particularly he Three Aliated Tribes, would ensure widespread public involvement. The NPS testimony ocused on supporting langureservation, specically beginning with the Mandan language. It also recommended urther examination o the boundari

he Area to include the current Mandan-Hidatsa homeland, by which she was reerencing the Fort Berthold Indian Reserva

ocated north and west o the study area.

enator Dorgan asked Ms. Stevenson, i, beyond suggesting expanded public involvement, i the area otherwise qualiedNational Heritage Area based on its natural, cultural and historic properties. She agreed that it did.

n answer to questioning rom Subcommittee Chairman Senator Akaka, Senator Potter answered the NPS question abublic involvement by pointing out that county commission meetings in North Dakota are open to the public, are held

ublic notice, and with a published agenda. At those meetings, Senator Potter testied, there were questions raised arivate property rights, but when the public and commissioners were assured that the heritage area program has no regulaomponent or eect on property rights, commissioners unanimously supported the easibility study.

he Subcommittee and ull Committee recommended the bill or passage, but it did not reach the foor o the Senate until itombined into an omnibus package, passed and signed by the President on March 30, 2009.

o enhance public involvement, the NPHF board o directors was expanded to include broader constituencies. Invitations wxtended to the North Dakota Farmers Union, North Dakota Farm Bureau and North Dakota Stockmens Association to sug

andidates or the board. The Farmers Union and Stockmens Association did so and members rom each group were appoio the board. A Burleigh County Commissioner known as a property rights advocate was also added.

n July, 2009, the board approved a process or public input on the management plan (Appendix B). That plan called or pumeetings in each o the ve counties to provide inormation and take comments with a public hearing to be held to pre

drat management plan based on public input. Public input would also be solicited through meetings with state and

eritage tourism agencies and potential partner organizations.

ubsequently the authorizing legislation was amended to limit properties to be included in the Heritage Area to public prop

nd only those private holdings or which the private landowner provided written application to be included in the HeriArea (Appendix A).

ublic meetings in each o the ve counties, held between October, 2009, and December, 2010, demonstrated the value omendment in reassuring the public that private property rights were not impacted by the Heritage Area. The major con landowners in the area was taken o the table without any requirement or action on the part o the landowner to optummaries o meetings and all written comments are provided in Appendix C.

ollowing the last public meeting, December 16, 2010, at Fort Abraham Lincoln State Park in Morton County, construction omanagement plan began.


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)

THEMES and RESOURCE INVENTORYhere are at least three themes clearly o national signicance within the Heritage Area which are part o broader stories in

Area. Appendix D lists resources in the Heritage Area that could be included. The major themes are:

1. Homeland o the Mandan and Hidatsa2. Lewis and Clark, Sacagawea and the Corps o Northwest Discovery3. George Custer and the 7th Cavalry

hose all have a number o sub-themes, and are all represented by sites o national and international signicance, includingeconstructed Fort Mandan, Fort Abraham Lincoln and On-a-Slant Mandan Indian Village, and, the Knie River Indian Vill

National Historic Site, as well as interpreted state historic sites like Hu, Fort Clark and Double Ditch.

ub-themes, or example, or Custer and the 7th Cavalry involve the site o Fort Abraham Lincoln, the Northern Pacic Railrnd the Lakota people with leaders like Rain-in-the-Face, Sitting Bull, Gall, Running Antelope and others. Also related are C

Hancock, the early days o Bismarck, Whisky Point, Bloody 4th Street and other stories.

he Lewis and Clark story is deepened and widened by Fort Mandan, Sacagawea, Charbonneau, Sheheke-shote, Black Caorgne and the Northwest Company.

he Mandan and Hidatsa Homeland umbrella includes stories o pioneering agriculture arther north along the Missouri ny other people, building cities that became centers o inter-tribal trade and trade with European nations, La Verendrye axplorations, and the environment o Mandan-Hidatsa culture, centered as it was on the Missouri River.

While the cooperative agreement species the Three Aliated Tribes, it mentions the NHAs nationally important stories. Tertainly include the stores o Custers 7th Cavalry at Fort Lincoln, and the Lewis and Clark expedition and its winter quarte

ort Mandan. These are stories o recognized signicance not only nationally, but internationally.

he state o North Dakotas Tourism Division has used the word legendary to describe the historical attractions o North Dakhe legends the state markets include Custer, Lewis and Clark, Sacagawea, Sitting Bull and Theodore Roosevelt. O those,

oosevelts story is not tied substantially to this stretch o the Missouri River.

ach o the stories, o course, is part o some larger themes o American history. The visits o Lewis and Clark are painted roader canvas that places them in perspective. Their Corps o Northwest Discovery was discovering a centuries-old arm

nd hunting culture central to a centuries-old inter-tribal trade network that had dealt in European goods or urs or 200 ynd directly with Canadians o European descent or 66 years beore Lewis and Clark arrived on the scene. Ater Lewis and Che ur trade shited to St. Louis and the United States. It was an era o mostly peaceul coexistence and mutually-prot

ommerce. While that trade continued upstream or several decades more, within the Heritage Area the ur trade era eectnded in 1837 when smallpox devastated the Knie River Indian Villages, prompting a relocation o the Mandan and Hidorth and west o the designated area.

teamboats ran the river between St. Louis and Fort Union and points arther up the Missouri River in the years beore theWar. That confict spilled over onto the Northern Plains ater the Dakota Uprising in Minnesota in 1862. Some Dakota bands

Minnesota into North Dakota and were pursued by punitive expeditions under Generals Sully and Sibley. During the 18military posts were placed on the outskirts o the Heritage Area at Fort Rice, Fort Stevenson and Fort Buord. These were ollo

y Fort McKeen, an inantry post established in June, 1872, on a high blu overlooking the Missouri River. Across the riverlittle north, the Northern Pacic Railroad had reached the east bank o the Missouri at the little town o Edwinton, about t

enamed Bismarck. Camp Hancock was established there, also in 1872.

The Northern Pacics arrival meant that Bismarck would be a major town, a place where steamboats and rails met. CHancock and Fort McKeen were there to protect civilians and to assist the Northern Pacic as it continued west o the Miss

ventually leading to another transcontinental link. Fort McKeen was renamed Fort Abraham Lincoln in November, 1872,

he 7th Cavalry, commanded by Lt. Col. George Armstrong Custer, was posted there in 1873. From Fort Lincoln, Custers 7th o its destiny at the Little Big Horn.


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Native agriculture infuenced its replacement as homesteaders and other settlers took up arming and ranching in the arehe 1870s through the 1890s. The early pioneers also ound and mined lignite coal, which has become a major contributo

ational energy production, and a major part o the regions economy.

he stories weave and overlap. Small stories are threads o much larger national epics. Some, listed below, are clearly the mistorical themes o national signicance. Others are the stories that personalize and illustrate the larger themes.

SITES in the NORTHERN PLAINS NATIONAL HERITAGE AREAhe Northern Plains National Heritage Area is anchored by our world-class historical interpretive sites:

1. Knie River Indian Villages National Historic Site2. North Dakota Heritage Center3. Lewis and Clark Interpretive Center and the reconstructed Fort Mandan4. Fort Abraham Lincoln State Park

he our sites overlay a rich history o the way people have adapted to, and shaped, the region. There are many other signiublic sites within the area, and all are now linked within the Northern Plains National Heritage Area.

here are many nationally-signicant sites within the NPNHA, and many stories. In a time-sequence, the sites with a story to shs well as to tell, begin with the Woodland Era and the Mound Builders. The Woodland Era is a designation by anthropolond historians describing the culture o a period some 2,000 to 1,000 years beore present. There were people in the area e

00 centuries beore that, but their ootprints are hard to see. In the Woodland Era, however, people constructed large, limounds on the bench land away rom and above the Missouri River foodplain. Some o these are still discernable today, notn the Cross Ranch - Nature Conservancy area.

rom the Woodland Era, residents o the area evolved what is known as the Plains Village liestyle. As opposed to the stereotymage o nomadic Plains Indians, the Village Indians set down roots in more-or-less permanent communities. The Awa

Hidatsa did that in the region near Painted Woods Creek, around 1100 A.D. The people who became known to history asMandan may have started gardening a little arther south in the area about the same time. The Menoken State Historic Site, o

ncorrectly identied as the village likely visited by La Verendrye in 1738, seems to be associated with this time period.

he two groups o Siouan-speakers, Mandan and Hidatsa, shared similar cultural expressions. They were so close, in act,utsiders didnt distinguish between them, until David Thompson noted the distinction in 1797. Both peoples built earthlod

od-covered homes built on a ramework o cottonwood logs and woven willow branches. Both grew corn, squash, beunfowers and tobacco in the ertile bottomlands along the Missouri River. The men successully hunted bualo and onimals. The river was a source o sh, shellsh and water. Its annual foods rejuvenated the gardens. With productive agricu

racticed by the women and successul hunting by the men, ood surpluses led to both population growth and inter-tribal trObsidian rom the Rocky Mountains and sea shells rom both coasts can be ound in what remains o the Mandan and Hid

illages, attesting to their involvement in ar-reaching and ancient inter-tribal trade networks.

or hundreds o years, the earthlodge people thrived in the region. Their house-types evolved, starting as long housesemains o which can be seen at sites like the Hu Indian Villages State Historic Site, which is also a National Landmark, Do

Ditch State Historic Site, and Chie Lookings Village in the City o Bismarck. The rectangular lodges evolved into round lodround 1500 A.D., a style that required less wood or construction and less uel to heat. Where villages had lasted perhap

ears in the earlier stages, ater the shit to round lodges, villages became virtually permanent, some lasting or two or tenturies and showing no signs o impending abandonment beore smallpox devastated the region in 1781. Preserved viltes representing the era up to 1781, a golden age or the earthlodge peoples, include Double Ditch, which seems to be

ongest-occupied Mandan site, and On-a-Slant Village at Fort Abraham Lincoln State Park, with six reconstructed lodges awing o the Visitors Center dedicated to the Mandan culture.

ven ater the epidemic, which had perhaps 80% mortality among the sedentary Mandan and Hidatsa, the earthlodge villa

which remained continued to be centers o productive agriculture and commerce. Beginning as early as 1738, with the Pierre Gaultier, Sieur de la Verendrye, French-Canadian visitors established a direct trading relationship in the area, wutlasted French political presence in Canada. Fur traders Rene Jessaume and Toussaint Charbonneau were there to greet L

nd Clark, or instance. By that time, 1804, the number o Mandan and Hidatsa villages was down to ve, all clustered neaonfuence o the Knie and Missouri Rivers. Two o those are preserved within the Knie River Indian Villages National His

ite.


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Ater Lewis and Clarks expedition, visits to the Mandan and Hidatsa villages rom the United States became a regular occurreur trade giants like Manuel Lisa and Pierre Choteau came early in the 19th century. A couple o decades later, artists

odmer, George Catlin and James J. Audubon visited the Mandan and Hidatsa on the eve o another deadly bout with smalodmer traveled with Prince Maximilian du Weid. While Bodmer captured the details o clothing and other cultural eatures is brush, Maximilian did it with his pen. Catlin did both, predictably doing neither as well as the specialists. The 1837 epidnded the Knie River villages era or the Mandan and Hidatsa orcing them to abandon their Knie River villages and me

nto a single village arther upriver. The departure o the Mandan and Hidatsa rom the Heritage Area marked the end o thrade era in the region, but also opened their old villages to the Arikara, who moved into Mitutanka, one o the ormer Manillages in the Knie River region.

he American Civil War set in motion events that rippled through the Heritage Area. Confict in Minnesota between white setnd Dakota Indians spilled over into North Dakota as Generals Sibley and Sully launched punitive expeditions that resultehe establishment o Fort Rice, 1864, and Fort Stevenson, 1867, both just beyond the edges o the Heritage Area suggeste

he easibility study. Those sites and the battles o the Killdeer Mountains and Whitestone Hill, both well outside the Area, mhange rom a relatively peaceul coexistence between the Native nations and the United States. The military occupation orea continued with the building o Camp Hancock and Fort Abraham Lincoln ( Fort McKeen) in 1872.

he Northern Pacic Railroad reached the Missouri River in 1872 at the town o Edwinton, about to be renamed Bismaropes o attracting German investment and immigrants. The 7th Cavalry conducted expeditions to the Yellowstone, 1873lack Hills, 1874, and the Little Big Horn in 1876. The Arikara Indians, more than any other Indian nation, provided scouuster and the soldiers at Fort Abraham Lincoln. The 7th participated in the campaign to capture Chie Joseph and the Nez P

n 1877. Chie Joseph himsel was brought to Fort Lincoln and Bismarck in 1877.

he 7th Cavalry let Fort Abraham Lincoln in 1882, being redeployed to Fort Meade in South Dakota. The inantry occupied

bandoned buildings, turning stables into workshops and not replacing buildings that burned or were otherwise demolisn 1891, the inantry let as well, and Fort Abraham Lincoln was quickly dismantled by local residents.

he year 1890 is somewhat o a watershed or historians. Beyond the killing o Sitting Bull and the massacre at Wounded K

the last signicant battle on the Northern Plains) the 1890 Census report prompted infuential historian Frederick Jackson Tuo declare the end o the rontier in America. But, while the rontier may have ended, history did not end in the Heritage Ar

uccessive waves o immigration brought people rom the East and rom Europe. Many o those who came in the 1880s 890s were Germans rom Russia, also known as Black Sea Germans. They were descendants o armers rom near Strasbo

rance, who had been lured to help settle Russian territory by Catherine the Great. Special privileges extended to the settleatherine were not continued by later Czars and the Germans let Russia, many eventually settling in south central North Da

North Dakota has been described as more o an ethnic salad bowl than as the traditional American melting pot. Other itemhe salad o the Heritage Area include communities ounded by Norwegian immigrants. Beyond growing their own armshe nearby towns, the new residents also began exploiting resources like lignite coal, known to be in the area since the timewis and Clark.

North Dakotas most colorul political era spilled over into surrounding states and even Canadian provinces. A populist expressed through the Grange and the Populist Party had largely played out when a Socialist Party organizer, A.C. Townley c

p with a big idea. Ater unsuccessully attempting to enlist armers in North Dakota in the Socialist Party, Townleys concluwas that a social democratic platorm was acceptable to armers in the one-party Republican state, but socialism had a neg

nd European connotation. The NonPartisan League (NPL) ormed with a socialist or state capitalist platorm and ident

nemies - the railroads, grain millers in Minneapolis and bankers. The NPLs solution to their problems was to create their tate bank to provide credit on air terms and a state mill to buy their grain at air prices. Those creations o the 1919 legislare unique in the United States, but continue as successul state businesses today.

The NonPartisan League served as inspiration and as an organizing nexus or the Farm-Labor Party in Minnesota, and o

armer-based popular movements in surrounding jurisdictions. The Heritage Area, containing the State Capitol, was centrhe political upheavals or the lie o the NPL, 1915-1956.

ignite coal production and conversion o lignite to electricity became big business in the 1960s and 1970s. Strip-mining,nown as surace mining, or coal became controversial as pace o development stepped up. Strong reclamation laws requeplacement o the productive soil ater mining resolved the concerns.

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oth the coal mining and the electrical generating acilities are in the northern end o the Heritage Area in Mercer, OliverMcLean Counties. The nations only coal-to-natural gas acility, the Dakota Gasication plant near the city o Beulah in Mc

ounty, represents one attempt to move towards energy independence or the United States. While the easibility study nd this management plans denition o the Heritage Area does not extend to Beulah, coal plants and mining are part o

Heritage Area near Stanton and Washburn.

he story o energy production in the area continues to be written as the coal acilities adapt to concerns about CO2 emisswith innovative techniques like dry-ning and carbon capture.

KEY SITES OPEN to the PUBLIC: Knie River Indian Villages National Historic Site and Big Hidatsa National Landmark North Dakota State Capitol Building

Fort Abraham Lincoln State Park

North Dakota Heritage Center

Lewis & Clark Interpretive Center

Fort Mandan Reconstruction

Hu Indian Village National Landmark and State Historic Site

Double Ditch State Historic Site

Buckstop Junction

North Dakota State Railroad Museum

Chie Lookings Village State Historic Site

Former Governors Mansion State Historic Site Camp Hancock State Historic Site

Scattered Village Exhibit at Mandan Public Library

Cross Ranch State Park

SeeAppendix D or expanded list o cultural, natural, scenic and recreational sites and districts.

*Inclusion by mention within this document does not indicate the opted-in or opted-out status of either public or pr

property. *

Lewis & Clark Interpretive Center

Washburn, ND


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CULTURAL and HISTORIC EVENTSultural and historic events related to the major

hemes take place regularly within the HeritageArea. The largest annual event is the United Tribesnternational Pow-Wow, which attracts severalhousand American Indian dancers and tens o

housands o visitors ever September. The Pow-Wow is a celebration o Native culture held on the

ampus o the United Tribes Technical College,

which is the ormer Fort Lincoln military post

as opposed to Fort Abraham Lincoln across thever) and WWII internment camp or Japanese

Americans.

Other major cultural or historic annual eventselated to the major themes o the Heritage Areanclude:

Lewis & Clark Days in Washburn

Frontier Army Days at Fort Abraham LincolnState Park

PRCA Rodeo in Mandan

Northern Plains Culture Fest at Knie River Old Settlers Day at Buckstop Junction

Additional special events:

The Dickens Festival in Garrison

Capitol AFair at the ND State Capitol

Buggies N Blues in Mandan

Fathers Day at the State Railroad Museum

Fahlgren Pioneer Days

Missouri River Music Festival

Sam McQuade Sr. Budweiser Charity Sotball Tournament

Fourth o July Spectacular in Mandan

Art in the Park in Mandan Spirit o the West Grill Fest in Mandan

Papas Pumpkin Festival in Mandan

Captial Quiltest in Bismarck

eeAppendix D or expanded list o cultural events.

Inclusion by mention within this document does not indicate the opted-in or opted-out status of either public or pri

roperty. *

Camp Hancock State Historic Site

Bismarck, ND

United Tribes International Pow-Wow

Bismarck, ND

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POLICIES, GOALS and STRATEGIEShe mission o the Northern Plains Heritage Foundation is to preserve, promote and develop the cultural, natural and sc

esources o the Northern Plains region o central North Dakota along the Missouri River. To that end, it conducted the easibtudy which led to Congressional designation o the Northern Plains National Heritage Area.

he National Heritage Area was designated because o the national signicance o Heritage Area stories regarding the ManHidatsaand Arikara nations, and their peaceul interaction with the Lewis and Clark expedition, and the stories related tomilitary occupation o the Northern Plains personied by George Custer and the 7th Cavalry at Fort Abraham Lincoln. L

sing tide lits all boats, those nationally-signicant stories provide heritage tourism opportunities or perhaps less signi

tes and events within the NHA.

olicies to implement the goals o the Heritage Area start with the goals. The goals o the Northern Plains National Heritage re to aid in the continued improvement o key sites and events; to increase public awareness o local history and associ

andscapes, along with increasing awareness o the national signicance o elements o that history and sites, and the neereservation; to encourage research o local history in order to incorporate relevant culture into the educational curriculum

o enhance the quality o community character, promoting greater sense o place, and strengthening the regions identity.

An essential part o the Heritage Area program is that local people dene and direct the program under NPS guidelines. Tncludes the initial public input stage, but is also a continuing, non-static eature. In practical terms, this means that polici

he Northern Plains Heritage Foundation should remain as open to public initiative as possible in terms o review o requestooperation rom Heritage Area residents. Opportunities or public involvement will include, but not be limited to, semi-anublic meetings sponsored by the NPHF. So, this management plan proposes that the list o events, attractions and stootentially supported within the area will include those illustrating or in someway enhancing or highlighting the major theut also stories o national signicance currently overlooked but subsequently proposed by residents.

One o the management tasks o the NPHF will be to maintain and help distribute inormation on current and upcomeritage tourism activities within the Heritage Area. It will also seek to aid in the coordination o scheduling between par

rganizations to enhance attendance at and attention to the various events.

NORTHERN PLAINS HERITAGE FOUNDATION BUSINESS PLAN

n the easibility study preceding designation by Congress, there were our management alternatives considered in regar

the purposes o protecting and interpreting the nationally signicant resources in the areas. The our alternatives considwere a no-action alternative; designation by Congress as a National Heritage Area, which is what transpired; a private n

rot management alternative without the ederal designation or annual unding; and, state heritage area management.

The conclusion o the easibility study to this question was that action was entirely appropriate and that the best courction was designation by Congress o a National Heritage Area. The private non-prot alternative had none o the advant national designation, though non-prots would play an essential role in the success o the NHA. A private non-prot heri

rganization would have substantially less prestige than an NHA and would be less likely than a nationally-recognized entittract nancial support, participation and sponsorship o special initiatives, and would be less likely to attract new visitohe area.

The idea o a state heritage area management organization was rejected as the state had no such organization at the the easibility study. Subsequently, the 2011 Legislative Session deeated HB 1290, which would have established sucrganization.

he stated goal o the Heritage Area under the designation alternative included:1. increasing awareness o local history, associated landscapes, and the need or preservation;2. encouraging research on local history in order to incorporate relevant culture into educational curriculum; and

3. enchancing the quality o community character, promoting greater sense o place, and strengthening the regidentity


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Within the alternative which was chosen, designation by Congress o a National Heritage Area, the Northern Plains Herioundation was named the primary candidate to be designated as the management entity or the proposed heritage a

was to represent a cross-section o public and private interests, including representatives o state and local governmemunicipalities, historic, cultural and environmental organizations, educational institutions, economic development organiza

nd private citizens.

The NPHF was envisioned to have between three and ve employees, including an executive director, a nance and omanager, and a marketing and research assistant. Key partners were to be invited to oer advice and support to the volun

oard and employed sta.

With the Feasibility Study completed and submitted to Congress and awaiting action, due to budget limitations, NPHF boecided to contract with a non-prot organization, the Fort Abraham Lincoln Foundation to provide administrative serv

n January 2010, ater designation, the NPHF let a Request or Proposal or administrative services. The Fort Abraham Lin

oundation responded to the request and in a competitive process was awarded a contract to continue to provide administrervices.

he NPHF board retains the right to chose other administrative agents, including hiring sta as originally envisioned.

he NPHF will submit an annual report to the Secretary or each scal year or which it receives Federal unds under this secncluding:

1. the specic perormance goals and accomplishments o the NPHF;2. the expenses and income o the NPHF;3. the amounts and sources o matching unds;

4. the amounts leveraged with Federal unds and sources o the leveraged unds; and5. grants made to any other entities during the scal year.

he NPHF will make available or audit or each scal year or which it receives Federal unds under this section, all inorma

ertaining to the expenditure o the unds and any matching unds.

he NPHF will encourage economic viability and sustainability that is consistent with the purposes o the Heritage Area.

he NPHF will ensure that all sub-grantees and cooperating partners invest ederal unds properly or the purposes or w

hey have been given, provide appropriate match and comply with relevant ederal regulations.

PARTNER ORGANIZATION ACTIONS, COMMITMENTS and COORDINATIONhroughout the process o creating the Northern Plains Heritage Foundation and obtaining designation o the Northern P

National Heritage Area, representatives o several private nonprot organizations and public agencies have been imporarticipants. The Fort Abraham Lincoln Foundation took the lead o organizing an initial meeting o potential board memnd drating by-laws or the NPHF, which named several state agencies (State Historical Society o North Dakota, North Da

ourism Division, and North Dakota Parks and Recreation Department) as ex-ocio members o the board. North Dakota InAairs was later added as a ourth ex-ocio member. The NPHF recruited representatives o the Lewis & Clark Fort Man

oundation, and the Bismarck-Mandan Chamber o Commerce. Regular conversations continue with the Bismarck-Manonvention and Visitors Bureau, and representatives o the Sacagawea Chapter o the Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Founda

tate Railroad Museum, Mandan Progress Organization and others.

A pilot grant program announced August 1, 2011, attracted widespread interest rom potential partners. Thirteen applicat

rom 12 organizations were received. The organizations wishing to participate in the NHA and oering to match ederal were:

Bismarck Parks and Recreation District

Dakota Legacy

Dakota Zoo

Fort Abraham Lincoln Foundation

Fort Lincoln Trolley Company

Knie River Indian Heritage Foundation

Lewis and Clark Fort Mandan Foundation

Makoche Recording Company

Missouri Riverboat, Inc.

Missouri Valley Historical Society

North Dakota State Railroad Museum

State Historical Society o North Dakota

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he organizations mentioned in this section orm a core group o working partners to ulll the Congressional mandate. Throseries o dialogues with these groups and continuing public input, projects, sites and events will seek to leverage ed

upport through cooperative eorts bringing service providers, sites and others together.

hose cooperative eorts may include technical assistance, grant programs and/or cooperative agreements.

UNDING SOURCES and ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIEShe leading economic development strategy or the NHA is to increase visitation to the Heritage Area. Attracting visitors

unction o the quality o the interpretation oered at heritage tourism sites and events and the marketing o the Heritage A

The Northern Plains Heritage Foundation will identiy ederal and local resources able to assist entities within the areotential unding sources or projects meeting the Congressional mandate and as sources o technical assistance and histond cultural consultation.he NPHF will assist local entities in accessing grant programs, as requested. It will also encourage and participate in strat

lanning or the local entities and attempt to bring together various groups or planning purposes and joint projects.

One o the main objectives o the NPHF technical assistance will be to assist partner entities within the Area in making ulectronic media, particularly social media to tell their stories and promote their sites and events.

he NPHF will also conduct und raising projects to provide itsel with unds to match ederal appropriations and to builrganization that can sustain itsel at the conclusion o ederal unding as required by the enabling legislation.

he Act requires the management plan to speciy existing and potential sources o unding to manage and develop the HeriArea. As the ocus o the NPHF is to act as a acilitator o projects and coordinator o activities primarily directed by local resid

nd organizations, the matching unds will primarily come rom those residents and organizations applying or grants or thro

ooperative agreements. Administrative costs o the NPHF or coordination and technical assistance will be limited, withmatch or those expenses coming rom und raising eorts and reasonable ees or grants administration.

North Dakota State Heritage CenterBismarck, ND


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PROGRAM or MANAGEMENT PLAN IMPLEMENTATIOThe Northern Plains Heritage Foundation will work with its local partners and the National Park Service to implement

management plan. It will seek to coordinate with heritage tourism organizations within the Area and continue to take punput about implementation. The three major methods o implementation are 1) grant programs; 2) cooperative agreemend 3) technical assistance.

GRANT PROGRAMSGrant making will be in the annual budgets o the NPHF, leveraging ederal unds with locally-generated matching und

ccomplish the goals o the Heritage Area. Grants will support sites, events and projects that enhance heritage tourismducation within the Heritage Area, and, projects that market the Heritage Area and the heritage ound within its sites

vents.

Qualiying organizations or businesses need not be resident within the Heritage Area to apply or grants. The NPHF may conocation and opt-in/opt-out status o grant applicants in its decisions on grant awards.

Grants will be awarded by majority vote o a regular or special meeting o the board o directors o the NPHF, acting uecommendation o a grants committee. Members o the committee as well as members o the board o directors are obligeollow the confict o interest clause in the NPHF By-Laws which include a duty by sta and board members to disclose pote

nancial conficts o interest. The board as a whole then determines i a confict exists and, i so, the conficted party must ab

rom participation in decisions aected by the confict. Violation o the confict o interest policy is cause or dismissal romoard, the committee or rom employment with the NPHF.

Grants review committees will consist o qualied members o the community who have been vetted with the NPS regce. Grant application orms will indicate the goals o the grant round and the elements o the applications that will be scy reviewers.

All grant applications will indicate the source o the match being oered to leverage the ederal unds. All grant applicantgree in writing to ollow applicable ederal guidelines or use o ederal unds.

COOPERATIVE AGREEMENTS

ooperative Agreements may also be employed between the NPHF and agencies and organizations within the Heritage o urther the goals o the Heritage Area. The distinction between grant making and cooperative agreements will largely unction o the level o involvement o the NPHF in ormulation and direction o the project and the type and duration o

roject. A cooperative agreement is appropriate in regard to long-term cooperation on general goals, or over a series o sitvents.

Any Cooperative Agreement must serve to urther the goals o the NHA, must indicate the source o the match being oere

everage the ederal unds.

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCEhe NPHF will oer technical assistance to people and organizations in urtherance o the goals o the Heritage Area. Assista

will include acilitating conversations between partner organizations in heritage tourism, as well as assistance with see

rants through the NPHF and working with grant applicants and through cooperative agreements to meet guidelines seongress and the National Park Service in achieving the goals o the Heritage Area.

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT POLICIES and STRATEGIESWhile P.L. 111-11, as amended, provides absolute protections or private property owners in the Heritage Area, some l

itizens still express concerns. The most tangible concern expressed was that the NPHF would use the promise o ederal o infuence zoning authorities to restrict development o wind arms, implement viewshed restrictions, or otherwise ollreservationist agenda aecting private landowner rights.

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The management plan expresses the commitment o the NPHF to respect the letter and the spirit o the legislation inooperative agreement in regard to property rights, to assure that all residents who work with them [NPHF] are doing s

hoice, applying the property rights mandate or opt in, opt out as required by the enabling legislation in regards to propwners.

While the ocus o the National Heritage Area is on telling the stories o the area and the enabling legislation creating the

as no regulatory component, it is a goal o the NPHF to be helpul to state agencies and other public entities who wisreserve public lands or the use and enjoyment o the public. Similarly, the NPHF stands ready to assist and advise pri

andowners who voluntarily wish to preserve historic and cultural eatures on their own land.

he NPHF will establish a central clearinghouse o inormation on programs to assist Heritage Area entities, public and privwho wish to voluntarily engage in preservation o sites and stories important to the heritage o the Heritage Area.

he most important preservation strategy in any community is to recognize and enhance the economic benets o preservawhich most maniest themselves in heritage tourism within the area. The educational benets are generally understoodhe economic benets are sometimes overlooked, being spread among restaurants, hotels, retail shops and gas stations, ass the historic and cultural sites. When an area recognizes that its business interests are tied to its historic sites, museums,

atural areas, the public appetite or preservation and transmission o culture to uture generations is assured. Public suppohe most critical element in a place retaining its historic character.

nhancing the economic benets can mean supporting individual heritage tourism sites or businesses, as well as promo

he entire area as a tourism attraction. The NPHF will leverage unds to encourage a sense o community in the NHA and a wartnership between existing heritage tourism sites and emerging ones.

he NPHF will support eorts promoting heritage tourism sites and events which dene the National Heritage Area.

he NPHF will support development o heritage tourism sites and events which dene the National Heritage Area.

The NPHF will acilitate Area-wide discussions and meetings with organizations involved in heritage tourism aboutresentation o the Areas history.

The NPHF will work with public and private property owners who ask or advice or assistance in preservation o signiistorical or cultural site.

he NPHF will market the NHA to local residents and potential visitors to encourage interest in the heritage o the area thro

program o public relations and marketing.

he NPHF Board o Directors will meet quarterly.

he NPHF Board o Directors will annually hold elections or ocers.

he NPHF will, at least annually, re-evaluate the provision o its administrative services.

he By-Laws o the NPHF are included in Appendix G

The NPHF will seek to acilitate and coordinate conversations between and amongst heritage tourism organizationsndividuals interested in preserving, promoting and developing heritage tourism sites and stories in the Heritage Area.

he NPHF will aid the preservation, promotion and development o the Heritage Area.

he NPHF will market the attractions and events o the Heritage Area.

he NPHF will consult regularly with tribal authorities and the administration o the Knie River Indian Villages National His

ite on means and methods o telling the stories o the Three Aliated Tribes.

he NPHF will report annually to the Chairman o the Three Aliated Tribes on all Heritage Area projects related to the his

ulture, sites and interpretation o the heritage o the Mandan, Hidatsa and Arikara nations.


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he NPHF will report annually to the Chairman o the Standing Rock Lakota on all Heritage Area projects related to the hisulture, sites and interpretation o the heritage o the Lakota and Dakota peoples.

erormance goals must relate to the uncertain amount o ederal unding available. Measurement o the success o the Nwill be o its ability to encourage a sense o community in the NHA and a wide partnership between existing heritage tou

tes and emerging ones. The annual reports to the Secretary will provide the measurement.

All plans or resource protection involve the voluntary participation o local organizations and individuals. Grant undse made available to match local resources committed to resource protection, as well as enhancement, interpretationevelopment o signicant Heritage Area sites and events.

pecic commitments o local resources were made in regard to the pilot grant program initiated in 2011, demonstrating a nnd a willingness to participate. Similar and additional commitments may be saely anticipated.

3)

North Dakota State Capitol Building

Bismarck, ND


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COORDINATION with FEDERAL, STATE,

TRIBAL and LOCAL PROGRAMShe NPHF established close coordination with ederal, state and local entities involved in heritage tourism upon its incepepresentatives o the State Historical Society o North Dakota, the Tourism Division o the North Dakota Departmenommerce and the North Dakota Department o Parks and Recreation were all granted ex-ocio status on the NPHF Boa

Directors and each were among the most active participants on the board rom the time o its creation in 2004. The North Dandian Aairs Director was added as another ex-ocio member in 2009.

he By-Laws o the NPHF add the mayors o Washburn, Mandan and Bismarck as ex-ocio members; however they have

een active in participation.

North Dakotas tourism division has ocused its marketing message on the states Western history or 40 years, promoting the

s Roughrider Country in the 1970s and as Legendary, currently. The Legendary tag begins with the identication o legengures who lived in the state in the 19th century: Sacagawea, Sitting Bull, Custer, Lewis and Clark, and Teddy Roosevelt.

he Northern Plains National Heritage Area contains sites closely related to the rst ve o those six historic gures. It cont

multiple sites important to the culture o the Mandan and Hidatsa, particularly, and other American Indian peoples. Fedrograms are at work at the Knie River Indian Villages National Historic Site, and represented at Hu National Landmark

tate Historic Site, and ederal program investments have been essential to historical interpretation at Fort Abraham Lintate Park since the 1930s and in helping to develop the Lewis and Clark Interpretive Center and Fort Mandan.

inking, improving and promoting visitation to these heritage sites clearly ts and assists the programs o the ederal and sovernments, as does the ocus o attention on American Indian sites and culture with consultation with tribal authorities. L

oordination within the NHA is demonstrated in a number o ways, notably by Bismarck Parks and Recreations application rant rom the NPHF or improved interpretation at Chie Lookings Village, a 16th century Mandan village. The cities o Bismnd Mandan have both demonstrated a commitment to projects enhancing the heritage tourism potential o their communenovation o Mandans 1929 railroad depot into an American Indian art gallery; a series o historical recreations along Bisma

verside walking path; investments o both cities tax dollars into the Circle o Cultures, a Lewis and Clark Bicentennial Signavent highlighting Mandan, Hidatsa and Arikara culture, along with support or new museum exhibits and reconstructions

ribal governments represent no physical property within the Heritage Area. Only the northwest corner o Mercer County is the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation, and that area was not included in the study area or the Feasibility Study. But the the the Heritage Area relate closely to the Indian nations and their sites and culture expressed within the Heritage Area ove

millennia.

he commitment to heritage tourism within the area that has been shown by the commitment o nancial and human resouy ederal, state, and local entities within the National Heritage Area demonstrate that it has been placed in ertile soil.

ontinued coordination with Federal, State, Tribal and local programs will be maintained through regularly scheduled dialowith representatives o Federal, State, Tribal and local heritage tourism programs. As committed above in Resource Managem

olicies and Strategies, the NPHF will provide coordination o meetings and conversations in the Heritage Area and pro

egular reporting to local, Tribal, State and Federal agencies on activities taking place within the NHA.

CRITERIA or APPROVAL by SECRETARY o INTERIORhe Federal legislation [P.L. 111-11] requires the Secretary o the Interior to consider as criteria or approval to consider whe

B)(i) the local coordinating entity represents the diverse interests o the Heritage Area, including Federal, State, tr

nd local governments, natural, and historic resource protection organizations, educational institutions, busines

ecreational organizations, community residents, and private property owners;

Membership on the Board o the Northern Plains Heritage Foundation is, o course, dynamic, with members serving

year terms, and some staying, some leaving and some being replaced. A single snapshot o Board membership mayrefect the totality o Board diversity over time. Ex-ocio membership guarantees a seat at the table or ederal, state, t

and local government involvement (see By-Laws, Appendix G.) Board membership includes ocers or volunteers rom


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5)

leading non-prot heritage tourism organizations in the Area the Fort Abraham Lincoln Foundation; the Lewis & ClarkMandan Foundation; and the Knie River Indian Heritage Foundation. The Board includes a county commissioner; pri

property owners; a representative o the North Dakota Farmers Union and the North Dakota Stockmens Association.

B)(ii) the local coordinating entity --

) has aorded adequate opportunity or public and Federal, State, tribal and local government (including thro

workshops and hearings) in the preparation o the management plan; and

Both through ex-ocio Board membership and by regular meetings with agencies and by a series o ve public meetione held in each county designated in the legislation.

I) provides or at least semiannual public meetings to ensure adequate implementation o the management plan;

This management plan contains a guarantee o at least semi-annual public meeting as a commitment by the Northern PHeritage Foundation.

ii) the resource protection, enhancement, interpretation, unding, management, and development strategies ident

n the management plan, i implemented, would adequately protect, enhance, interpret, und, manage, and develop

atural, historic, cultural, educational, scenic, and recreational resources o the Heritage Area;

As there is no regulatory component to an NHA, it is impossible to guarantee adequate protection o historic or cul

resources in private ownership and this plan does not purport to do so, however, this plan gives residents and organizatin the Area the best opportunity to build on their locally-generated eorts to preserve, enhance, interpret, und manand develop the heritage resources o the Heritage Area.

The operative strategy throughout the plan is two-old: to provide matching nancial incentives or projects that mthose goals and to build awareness o the value and importance o the preservation, enhancement and interpretatioheritage sites.

v) the management plan would not adversely aect any activities authorized on Federal land under public land l

r land use plans;

Avoiding adverse eects is guaranteed as a continuing commitment o the NPHF, working in consultation with ed

agencies.

v) the local coordinating entity has demonstrated the nancial capability, in partnership with others, to carry out

lan;

Local support rom area non-prot oundations engaged in heritage tourism, along with the demonstrated willingne

other entities to provide matching unds or NHA projects guarantees the nancial capability o the NPHF.

vi) the Secretary has received adequate assurances rom the appropriate State, tribal, and local ofcials whose sup

s needed to ensure the eective implementation o the State, tribal, and local elements o the management plan; a

vii) the management plan demonstrates partnerships among the local coordinating entity, Federal, State, tribal and l

overnments, regional planning organizations, nonprot organizations or private sector parties or implementatio

he management plan.

Partnerships between the NPHF (which represents on its Board as ex-ocio members, the leadership o the Knie RIndian Villages National Historic Site; the State Historical Society o North Dakota; the North Dakota Departmen

Commerce Tourism Division; the North Dakota Parks and Recreation Department and local ocials) and agencies and prot oundations in the Area has been clearly demonstrated in the run-up to designation o the NPNHA by Congress athe development o this management plan. Interest in participation has been shown through the pilot grant program

partnerships will continue to develop into the uture.


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CONCLUSIONS and RECOMMENDATIONShe Northern Plains National Heritage Area provides an important aid to preservation, development and maintenance o

gnicant to the story o America. By providing encouragement and coordination to link Heritage Area story-tellers, that igencies, organizations and individuals involved in ownership, management and support o the sites and stories o the NHAome together to improve their collective capabilities.

The goals o the Northern Plains National Heritage Area are to increase public awareness o local history and assocandscapes, the national signicance o elements o that history and sites, and the need or preservation; to encourage resen local history in order to incorporate relevant culture into the educational curriculum; and to enhance the quality o commu

haracter, promoting greater sense o place, and strengthening the regions identity.

hrough 2024, the principle activity o the management o the NHA through the coordination o the NPHF with the NPS wo provide matching unds to encourage and improve the work o the story-tellers. At conclusion o the 15-year authoriza

he goal is or the NPHF to be sustained by local support because it has proven to provide useul service not just in brinederal unds to match local eorts, but because it has provided a ramework linking the various partners and the princnd importance o preservation, interpretation, development and maintenance o the nationally-signicant sites are wi

ecognized and supported within the Heritage Area.

is recommended that the NPHF serve three important unctions during the period o authorization and beyond. These ar

. Coordinating and spreading the message o what the Northern Plains National Heritage Area is and why it is important. nvolves adhering to the Congressional mandate, the cooperative agreement with the NPS, and the requirement or continocal public input. It is recommended that the NPHF seek continued public input about what is important to local residentslso lead in establishing a coherent message about what is o national signicance within the Heritage Area as establishe

ongress.

. Serving as the entity to take and review applications or ederal assistance through the NPS regarding the National Herit

Area and to work with applicants to meet ederal guidelines.

he NPHF will, as budgets allow, re-grant ederal unds to leverage local eorts in meeting the goals o the NHA. Grant prognd cooperative agreements will be utilized. The NPHF will also obtain and maintain inormation on other ederal progr

tate grant programs and private sector support or heritage tourism projects within the NHA.

. Facilitating cooperation between ederal, state and local agencies and local residents in achieving the goals o the NatHeritage Area.

he NPHF and its partners will host an annual conerence, open to the public, to discuss, review, analyze and plan developm the NHAs heritage tourism sites and events telling the nationally-important stories.

he NPHF will produce a web-based newsletter, distributed to ederal, state and local agencies and local residents who req, reviewing heritage tourism activities taking place in the NHA.

he NPHF sta or administrative entity will meet regularly with partner organizations and ederal, state and local agenciemaintain lines o communication and a spirit o cooperation in building the National Heritage Area.


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7)

Knie River Indian Villages National Historic Site

Stanton, ND


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APPENDIX A:

LEGISLATIONublic Law 11111Public Law 111.1111th Congress

An Act

o designate certain land as components o the National Wilderness Preservation System, to authorize certain programsctivities in the Department o the Interior and the Department o Agriculture, and or other purposes.

e it enacted by the Senate and House o Representatives o the United States o American Congress assembled,

ECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.a) SHORT TITLE.This Act may be cited as the Omnibus Public Land Management Act o 2009

ITLE VIIINATIONAL HERITAGE AREASubtitle ADesignation o National Heritage Areas

ec. 8001. Sangre de Cristo National Heritage Area, Colorado.ec. 8002. Cache La Poudre River National Heritage Area, Colorado.

ec. 8003. South Park National Heritage Area, Colorado.ec. 8004. Northern Plains National Heritage Area, North Dakota.ec. 8005. Baltimore National Heritage Area, Maryland.

ec. 8006. Freedoms Way National Heritage Area, Massachusetts and New Hampshire.ec. 8007. Mississippi Hills National Heritage Area.ec. 8008. Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area.ec. 8009. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area, Alabama.

ec. 8010. Kenai Mountains-Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area, Alaska.

ubtitle BStudies

ec. 8101. Chattahoochee Trace, Alabama and Georgia.ec. 8102. Northern Neck, Virginia.

ubtitle CAmendments Relating to National Heritage Corridors

ec. 8201. Quinebaug and Shetucket Rivers Valley National Heritage Corridor.ec. 8202. Delaware And Lehigh National Heritage Corridor.ec. 8203. Erie Canalway National Heritage Corridor.ec. 8204. John H. Chaee Blackstone River Valley National Heritage Corridor

EC. 8004. NORTHERN PLAINS NATIONAL HERITAGE AREA

a) DEFINITIONS.In this section: PUBLIC LAW 11111MAR. 30, 2009 123 STAT. 1241

1) HERITAGE AREA.The term Heritage Area means the Northern PlainsNational Heritage Area established byubsection (b) (1).

2) LOCAL COORDINATING ENTITY.The term local coordinating entity means the Northern Plains Heritage Foundation

ocal coordinating entity or the Heritage Area designated by subsection (c) (1).

3) MANAGEMENT PLAN.The term management plan means the management plan or the Heritage Area required uubsection (d).

4) SECRETARY.The term Secretary means the Secretary o the Interior.

5) STATE.The term State means the State o North Dakota.


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b) ESTABLISHMENT.

1) IN GENERAL.There is established the Northern Plains National Heritage Area in the State o North Dakota.

2) BOUNDARIES.The Heritage Area shall consist o(A) a core area o resources in Burleigh, McLean, Mercer, Morton, and Oliver Counties in the State; and

(B) any sites, buildings, and districts within the core area recommended by the management plan or inclusion in the HeriArea.

3) MAP.A map o the Heritage Area shall be

(A) included in the management plan; and

(B) on le and available or public inspection in the appropriate oces o the local coordinating entity and the National

Service.

c) LOCAL COORDINATING ENTITY.

1) IN GENERAL.The local coordinating entity or the Heritage Area shall be the Northern Plains Heritage Foundatio

onprot corporation established under the laws o the State.

2) DUTIES.To urther the purposes o the Heritage Area, the Northern Plains Heritage Foundation, as the local coordinantity, shall

(A) prepare a management plan or the Heritage Area, Management and submit the management plan to the Secretarplan. accordance with this section;

(B) submit an annual report to the Secretary or each scal year or which the local coordinating entity receives Federal under this section, speciying

(i) the specic perormance goals and accomplishments o the local coordinating entity;(ii) the expenses and income o the local coordinating entity;

(iii) the amounts and sources o matching unds;(iv) the amounts leveraged with Federal unds and sources o the leveraged unds; and(v) grants made to any other entities during the scal year;

(C) make available or audit or each scal year or which the local coordinating entity receives Federal unds under

section, all inormation pertaining to the expenditure o the unds and any matching unds; and

(D) encourage economic viability and sustainability that is consistent with the purposes o the Heritage Area.

3) AUTHORITIES.For the purposes o preparing and implementing the approved management plan or the Heritage Areaocal coordinating entity may use Federal unds made available under this section to

(A) make grants to political jurisdictions, nonprot organizations, and other parties within the Heritage Area;

(B) enter into cooperative agreements with or provide technical assistance to political jurisdictions, nonprot organizat

Federal agencies, and other interested parties;

(C) hire and compensate sta, including individuals with expertise in

(i) natural, historical, cultural, educational, scenic, and recreational resource conservation;(ii) economic and community development; and(iii) heritage planning;

(D) obtain unds or services rom any source, including other Federal programs;

(E) contract or goods or services; and

(F) support activities o partners and any other activities that urther the purposes o the Heritage Area and are consiswith the approved management plan.

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4) PROHIBITION ON ACQUISITION OF REAL PROPERTY.The local coordinating entity may not use Federal unds authorizee appropriated under this section to acquire any interest in real property.

5) OTHER SOURCES.Nothing in this section precludes the local coordinating entity(5) OTHER SOURCES.Nothing inection precludes the local coordinating entity rom using Federal unds rom other sources or authorized purposes.

d) MANAGEMENT PLAN.

1) IN GENERAL.Not later than 3 years ater the date o enactment o this Act, the local coordinating entity shall submit toecretary or approval a proposed management plan or the Heritage Area.

2) REQUIREMENTS.The management plan or the Heritage Area shall(A) describe comprehensive policies, goals, strategies, and recommendations or telling the story o the heritage oarea covered by the Heritage Area and encouraging long term resource protection, enhancement, interpretation, und

management, and development o the Heritage Area;

(B) include a description o actions and commitments that Federal, State, tribal, and local governments, private organizatand citizens will take to protect, enhance, interpret, und, manage, and develop the natural, historical, cultural, educati

scenic, and recreational resources o the Heritage Area;

(C) speciy existing and potential sources o unding or economic development strategies to protect, enhance, interund, manage, and develop the Heritage Area;

(D) include an inventory o the natural, historical, cultural, educational, scenic, and recreational resources o the HeriArea relating to the national importance and themes o the Heritage Area that should be protected, enhanced, interpre

managed, unded, and developed;

(E) recommend policies and strategies or resource management, including the development o intergovernmeand interagency agreements to protect, enhance, interpret, und, manage, and develop the natural, historical, cult

educational, scenic, and recreational resources o the Heritage Area;

(F) describe a program or implementation or the management plan, including

(i) perormance goals;(ii) plans or resource protection, enhancement, interpretation, unding, management, and development; and

(iii) specic commitments or implementation that have been made by the local coordinating entity or any FedState, tribal, or local government agency, organization, business, or individual;

(G) include an analysis o, and recommendations or, means by which Federal, State, tribal and local programs may becoordinated (including the role o the National Park Service and other Federal agencies associated with the Heritage Ato urther the purposes o this section; and

(H) include a business plan that(i) describes the role, operation, nancing, and unctions o the local coordinating entity and o each o the m

activities described in the management plan; and(ii) provides adequate assurances that the local coordinating entity has the partnerships and nancial and other resounecessary to implement the management plan or the Heritage Area.

3) DEADLINE.(A) IN GENERAL.Not later than 3 years ater the date on which unds are rst made available to develop the managemplan ater designation o the Heritage Area, the local coordinating entity shall submit the management plan to the Secreor approval.

(B) TERMINATION OF FUNDING.I the management plan is not submitted to the Secretary in accordance with subparag(A), the local coordinating entity shall not qualiy or any additional nancial assistance under this section until such tim

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4) APPROVAL OF MANAGEMENT PLAN.(A) REVIEW.Not later than 180 days ater receiving Deadline. the plan, the Secretary shall review and approve or disapp

the management plan or the Heritage Area on the basis o the criteria established under subparagraph

(B) CRITERIA FOR APPROVAL.In determining whether to approve a management plan or the Heritage Area, the Secreshall consider whether

(i) the local coordinating entity represents the diverse interests o the Heritage Area, including Federal, State, trand local governments, natural, and historic resource protection organizations, educational institutions, businerecreational organizations, community residents, and private property owners;(ii) the local coordinating entity

(I) has aorded adequate opportunity or public and Federal, State, tribal, and local governmental involvem(including through workshops and hearings) in the preparation o the management plan; and(II) provides or at least semiannual public meetings to ensure adequate implementation o the management p

(iii) the resource protection, enhancement, interpretation, unding, management, and development strategies descrin the management plan, i implemented, would adequately protect, enhance, interpret, und, manage, and developnatural, historic, cultural, educational, scenic, and recreational resources o the Heritage Area;(iv) the management plan would not adversely aect any activities authorized on Federal land under public land

or land use plans;(v) the local coordinating entity has demonstrated the nancial capability, in partnership with others, to carry ouplan;(vi) the Secretary has received adequate assurances rom the appropriate State, tribal, and local ocials whose sup

is needed to ensure the eective implementation o the State, tribal, and local elements o the management plan; a(vii) the management plan demonstrates partnerships among the local coordinating entity, Federal, State, tribal and governments, regional planning organizations, nonprot organizations or private sector parties or implementatio

the management plan.

(C) DISAPPROVAL.(i) IN GENERAL.I the Secretary disapproves the management plan, the Secretary

(I) shall advise the local coordinating entity in writing o the reasons or the disapproval; and(II) may make recommendations to the local coordinating entity or revisions to the management plan.

(ii) DEADLINE.Not later than 180 days ater receiving a revised management plan, the Secretary shall approv

disapprove the revised management plan.

(D) AMENDMENTS.(i) IN GENERAL.An amendment to the management plan that substantially alters the purposes o the Heritage

shall be reviewed by the Secretary and approved or disapproved in the same manner as the original management (ii) IMPLEMENTATION.The local coordinating entity shall not use Federal unds authorized to be appropriated bysection to implement an amendment to the management plan until the Secretary approves the amendment.

(E) AUTHORITIES.The Secretary may(i) provide technical assistance under this section or the development and implementation o the management pand

(ii) enter into cooperative agreements with interested parties to carry out this section.

e) RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER FEDERAL AGENCIES.

1) IN GENERAL.Nothing in this section aects the authority o a Federal agency to provide technical or nancial assistander any other law.

2) TECHNICAL AND FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE.(A) IN GENERAL.On the request o the local coordinating entity, the Secretary may provide nancial assistance and,

reimbursable or nonreimbursable basis, technical assistance to the local coordinating entity to develop and implemenmanagementplan.

(B) COOPERATIVE AGREEMENTS.The Secretary may enter into cooperative agreements with the local coordinating eand other public or private entities to provide technical or nancial assistance under subparagraph (A).

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(C) PRIORITY.In assisting the Heritage Area, the Secretary shall give priority to actions that assist in(i) conserving the signicant natural, historic, cultural, and scenic resources o the Heritage Area; and

(ii) providing educational, interpretive, and recreational opportunities consistent with the purposes o the Heritage A

3) CONSULTATION AND COORDINATION.To the maximum extent practicable, the head o any Federal agency planninonduct activities that may have an impact on the Heritage Area is encouraged to consult and coordinate the activities with

ecretary and the local coordinating entity.

4) OTHER FEDERAL AGENCIES.Nothing in this section(A) modies or alters any laws (including regulations) authorizing a Federal agency to manage Federal land under

jurisdiction o the Federal agency;

(B) limits the discretion o a Federal land manager to implement an approved land use plan within the boundaries o

Heritage Area; or

(C) modies, alters, or amends any authorized use o Federal land under the jurisdiction o a Federal agency.

) PRIVATE PROPERTY AND REGULATORY PROTECTIONS.

Nothing in this section1) abridges the rights o any owner o public or private property, including the right to rerain rom participating in any project, program, or activity conducted within the Heritage Area;

2) requires any property owner to(A) permit public access (including access by Federal, State, or local agencies) to the property o the property owner; or

(B) modiy public access to, or use o, the property o the property owner under any other Federal, State, or local law;

3) alters any duly adopted land use regulation, approved land use plan, or other regulatory authority o any Federal, State, t

r local agency;

4) conveys any land use or other regulatory authority to the local coordinating entity;

5) authorizes or implies the reservation or appropriation o water or water rights;

6) diminishes the authority o the State to manage sh and wildlie, including the regulation o shing and hunting within

Heritage Area; or

7) creates any liability, or aects any liability under any other law, o any private property owner with respect to any penjured on the private property.

g) EVALUATION; REPORT.

1) IN GENERAL.Not later than 3 years beore the date on which authority or Federal unding terminates or the Heritage

nder subsection (i), the Secretary shall(A) conduct an evaluation o the accomplishments o the Heritage Area; and

(B) prepare a report in accordance with paragraph (3).

2) EVALUATION.An evaluation conducted under paragraph (1) (A) shall(A) assess the progress o the local coordinating entity with respect to

(i) accomplishing the purposes o this section or the Heritage Area; and

(ii) achieving the goals and objectives o the approved management plan or the Heritage Area;

(B) analyze the Federal, State, local, and private investments in the Heritage Area to determine the leverage and impa

the investments; and

(C) review the management structure, partnership relationships, and unding o the Heritage Area or purposes o identi

the critical components or sustainability o the

nphf management plan.draft.final

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