November 16, 2009

Reading Ch. 13 YES, we will have class on FRIDAY

Antarctic team to drill for 100-year-old scotch

WELLINGTON, New Zealand - A beverage company has asked a team to drill through Antarctica's ice for a lost cache of some vintage Scotch whiskey that has been on the rocks since a century ago. The drillers will be trying to reach two crates of McKinlay and Co. whiskey that were shipped to the Antarctic by British polar explorer Sir Ernest Shackleton as part of his abandoned 1909 expedition. A sample of the 100-year-old scotch will undergo a series of tests that could decide whether to relaunch the now-defunct Scotch. "I really hope we can get some back here," the expedition leader was quoted as telling London's Telegraph newspaper. "It's been laying there lonely and neglected. It should come back to Scotland where it was born.

Last time…late Paleozoic Physical Setting

• Absaroka transgression• Cyclothem formation

Coal swamps

• Cratonic deformationOuachita-Marathon beltAlleghanian orogeny

• Formation of Pangea

Marine Seafloor Carbonate reef-like

• EchinodermsCrinoids and blastoids

• Rugosids (corals)• New bryozoans

fenestellids

• New brachiopodsproductids

http://www.itano.net/fossils/minturn/bryoz01.htmhttp://www.marshalls-art.com/pages/ppaleo/paleo17.htmhttp://www.sju.edu/research/bear_gulch/pages_enlarge_other/productid_brachiopod.htm

http://www.elasmo-research.org/education/evolution/earliest.htmhttp://www.kgs.ku.edu/Extension/fossils/fusulinid.html

Water Column Ray-finned fishes Sharks

• Xenacanth-vertebrate predator

Ammonoids• Invertebrate predators

Foraminfera• Replaced graptolites• Fusulinids—excellent index fossil

Land Plants

Coal-bearing swamps • floodplains, deltas• Spore-bearing plants

LycopsidsSphenopsidsTree ferns

http://www.paleontology.uni-bonn.de/glossopteris.htmhttp://www.sparththenandnow.org.uk/prehistoric/sparthfossils/528/http://www3.interscience.wiley.com:8100/legacy/college/levin/0470000201/chap_tutorial/ch10/chapter10-paleolife2.html

Seed-bearing plants• Primitive gymnosperms

Both male and female cones– Glossopteris

Land Animals Loads of insects!

• arthropods

http://www.earthhistory.org.uk/recolonisation/creeping-animals/

Amphibians• Developed predator features• Water dependent for eggs• 3 groups

First reptiles evolved• amniotic egg

Paleozoic Reptiles Protorothyrids (reptiles)

• Diversified to turtles, snakes, crocs

• Insects and fish

Synapsids (mammal-like)• Larger in size• Carnivores; few herbivores• Most famous were

pelycosaurs Fin backed

http://www.westernhigh.org/projects/dinos/katie/index.htmhttp://www.fieldmuseum.org/exhibits/exhibit_sites/lot/LOT4.htm

Permian Mass Extinction Devastated 90-95% all marine species

• Wiped out ‘Paleozoic fauna’ Land plants shifted to more gymnosperms ~75% vertebrate families went extinct