nov. 13, 2015 fr test latin america vocab and reading latin america notes latin america quiz...

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Nov. 13, 2015 FR Test Latin America Vocab and Reading Latin America Notes Latin America Quiz Thursday, Nov. 19 HW: Study Vocabulary and Notes. Complete Country search– Due Monday, Nov. 23 *** Students will be able to describe Independence movement in Latin America and the people involved.

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Revolution in Haiti  Saint Domingue (Haiti) was the first Latin American territory to free itself from European rule  500,000 African slaves were the majority of the population  White masters were severely outnumbered and used drastic tactics to keep them powerless  August 1791: an African priest called Boukman called for revolution  100,000 rose in revolt a few days later led by Toussaint L’Ouverture (ex-slave)

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Page 1: Nov. 13, 2015  FR Test  Latin America Vocab and Reading  Latin America Notes  Latin America Quiz Thursday, Nov. 19  HW: Study Vocabulary and Notes

Nov. 13, 2015FR TestLatin America Vocab and ReadingLatin America NotesLatin America Quiz Thursday, Nov. 19HW: Study Vocabulary and Notes. Complete Country search– Due Monday, Nov. 23

*** Students will be able to describe Independence movement in Latin America and the people involved.

Page 2: Nov. 13, 2015  FR Test  Latin America Vocab and Reading  Latin America Notes  Latin America Quiz Thursday, Nov. 19  HW: Study Vocabulary and Notes

Latin American RevolutionsToussaint L’Ouverture; Simon Bolivar; and Fr. Miguel Hidalgo

Page 3: Nov. 13, 2015  FR Test  Latin America Vocab and Reading  Latin America Notes  Latin America Quiz Thursday, Nov. 19  HW: Study Vocabulary and Notes

Revolution in HaitiSaint Domingue (Haiti) was the first Latin American territory to free itself from European rule

500,000 African slaves were the majority of the population

White masters were severely outnumbered and used drastic tactics to keep them powerless

August 1791: an African priest called Boukman called for revolution

100,000 rose in revolt a few days later led by Toussaint L’Ouverture (ex-slave)

Page 4: Nov. 13, 2015  FR Test  Latin America Vocab and Reading  Latin America Notes  Latin America Quiz Thursday, Nov. 19  HW: Study Vocabulary and Notes

Toussaint L’OuvertureNo military or diplomacy trainingQuickly became a skilled general and diplomatMoved into Spanish Santo Domingo, took control and freed the slaves there

January 1802: French landed on Haiti to stop himToussaint agreed to stop the revolution if they ended slavery on the island

French agreedArrested Toussaint a few months later for planning another uprising

Sent to a jail in the French Alps and died 10 months later

Page 5: Nov. 13, 2015  FR Test  Latin America Vocab and Reading  Latin America Notes  Latin America Quiz Thursday, Nov. 19  HW: Study Vocabulary and Notes

Revolution in Haiti ContinuesToussaint’s general (Dessalines) continues the fight

January 1, 1804: Dessalines declared the colony an independent country

1st black colony to free itself from European control

Called it Haiti “mountainous land”

Page 6: Nov. 13, 2015  FR Test  Latin America Vocab and Reading  Latin America Notes  Latin America Quiz Thursday, Nov. 19  HW: Study Vocabulary and Notes

Revolution continues in Latin America

Page 7: Nov. 13, 2015  FR Test  Latin America Vocab and Reading  Latin America Notes  Latin America Quiz Thursday, Nov. 19  HW: Study Vocabulary and Notes

Latin American Colonial System Peninsulares: Spaniards born in Spain – Only ones

who could hold office

Creoles: Spaniards born in Latin America – could be officers in the colonial army but could not hold high offices

(least oppressed & best educated)

Mestizos: people born of European and Native American ancestry

Mulattos: people born of European and African ancestry

African slaves

Native Americas

Page 8: Nov. 13, 2015  FR Test  Latin America Vocab and Reading  Latin America Notes  Latin America Quiz Thursday, Nov. 19  HW: Study Vocabulary and Notes

The Spanish in Latin AmericaViceroy / Viceroyalties

After conquering the Native Americans…o The Conquistadors set up

governments to rule the New World

o Spanish divided their lands into VICEROYALTIES

o Mimicked the style used by the Spanish Monarchy

o Used practices from the Reconquista & Spanish Inquisition

Page 9: Nov. 13, 2015  FR Test  Latin America Vocab and Reading  Latin America Notes  Latin America Quiz Thursday, Nov. 19  HW: Study Vocabulary and Notes

Influences on the RevolutionsEnlightenment ideas were suppressed –

punishment was harsh (exile) if you were caught trying to spread Enlightenment ideas

Napoleon’s conquest of Spain in 1808 triggered revolts Many felt loyalty to the Spanish king, but not Napoleon’s

brother1810: rebellions broke out across Latin America1814: King Ferdinand returned to Spain, but the

momentum of the revolution had already started

Page 10: Nov. 13, 2015  FR Test  Latin America Vocab and Reading  Latin America Notes  Latin America Quiz Thursday, Nov. 19  HW: Study Vocabulary and Notes

Simon Bolivar & S. A. IndependenceSimon Bolivar was a wealthy Venezuelan Creole (“Libertador”)Venezuela declared independence in 1811Volunteer army had numerous defeats; been exiled 2x

August 1819 won a decisive battle at BogotaBy 1821, achieved indepedenceMarched to Ecuador and joined with San Martin

Jose de San Martin also helped liberate S. A. (modest Argentinian, brave in battle)

Page 11: Nov. 13, 2015  FR Test  Latin America Vocab and Reading  Latin America Notes  Latin America Quiz Thursday, Nov. 19  HW: Study Vocabulary and Notes

Bolivar and San MartinArgentina declared independence in 1816, forces in Peru and Chile still posed a threat

1817: San Martin freed Chile1821 Took army to Peru, then met Bolivar in Ecuador

Bolivar took control of army and San Martin went to Europe and died shortly after in France

Bolivar defeated Spanish in Peru at Battle of Ayacucho 1824 (last battle for independence from Spain in S. America)

Page 12: Nov. 13, 2015  FR Test  Latin America Vocab and Reading  Latin America Notes  Latin America Quiz Thursday, Nov. 19  HW: Study Vocabulary and Notes

Mexico Ends Spanish Rule1810: Padre Miguel Hidalgo took steps towards independence (poor BUT well-educated on Enlightenment)

Sept. 16, 1810: rang bells of village church and called for rebellion against the Spanish (grito de Dolores)

The next day Indian and mestizo followers marched towards Mexico City (60,000 men)

Page 13: Nov. 13, 2015  FR Test  Latin America Vocab and Reading  Latin America Notes  Latin America Quiz Thursday, Nov. 19  HW: Study Vocabulary and Notes

Mexico

Spanish army and Creoles joined against the army

Hidalgo was defeated 1811Fr. Morelos led the revolution for 4 years, but was also defeated by Iturbide

1820 a revolution in Spain put liberals in power – Creoles feared for their positions and united for ind

Page 14: Nov. 13, 2015  FR Test  Latin America Vocab and Reading  Latin America Notes  Latin America Quiz Thursday, Nov. 19  HW: Study Vocabulary and Notes

Mexican IndependenceIturbide proclaimed independence by 1821 but refused to recognize Central American independence

1823 Iturbide (who had declared himself emperor) was overthrown

Central America officially broke from Mexico and became the United Provinces of Central America

Page 15: Nov. 13, 2015  FR Test  Latin America Vocab and Reading  Latin America Notes  Latin America Quiz Thursday, Nov. 19  HW: Study Vocabulary and Notes

The Long-Term EffectsIncreased povertyDisrupted trade, devastated citiesBolivar’s Gran Colombia split into Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela by early 1830

By 1841, the United Provinces of Central America split into El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Guatemala, and Honduras

Monroe Doctrine: policy by the US that Europe can no longer interfere in affairs in the western hemisphere

Page 16: Nov. 13, 2015  FR Test  Latin America Vocab and Reading  Latin America Notes  Latin America Quiz Thursday, Nov. 19  HW: Study Vocabulary and Notes

Monroe Doctrine

“When…interests of the United States are involved, that the American continents, by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers....”

Page 17: Nov. 13, 2015  FR Test  Latin America Vocab and Reading  Latin America Notes  Latin America Quiz Thursday, Nov. 19  HW: Study Vocabulary and Notes

Miscellaneous FactsInstead of searching for gold, Europeans are now searching for silver. G,S,G

A Hacienda was a Spanish plantation that used slave/native labor

Creoles led the Revolutions in Latin America

Brazil had a bloodless revolution

Page 18: Nov. 13, 2015  FR Test  Latin America Vocab and Reading  Latin America Notes  Latin America Quiz Thursday, Nov. 19  HW: Study Vocabulary and Notes

Roman Catholicism spread throughout Latin America

Over 90% of the population in Latin America is Catholic

Christ the Redeemer Statue in Brazil