NOUNS

What is noun?Nouns is originated from the word name.

Nouns is used for naming words.Example of noun is car, dog, brother, child,

hand, pencil etc.Nouns are necessary in writing sentences. Eg:

The car is shiny or The dog is barking.

Functions of nouns in a sentence

As the subject of a verb and/or as the object of a

verbAs object of preposition

As complements after linking verbsAs object complements

after transitive verbs

As an adjective

As the subject of a verb The students were all reading quietly. Mum and dad is cleaning the house.

As the object of a verb We didn’t dare make a sound. Have you fed the cat?

*it can also act as both. Eg: The stranger [subject] rang the doorbell [object]

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Noun as object of preposition I walked into [preposition] the sitting

room.He was working at [preposition] his

desk.

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Noun as complements after linking verbs

Noun can be a complement after a verb such as be or become

I became an actress quite by accident.Be a man!

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Noun as object complements aftertransitive verbsShe called [transitive verbs] me

[object] a fool [complement]. The judges voted James the winner.

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Nouns used adjectivallyThe first noun describe the second nounRain clouds were approaching.The Singapore weather is very humid.There were coffee stain on your clothes.

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Types of nounsProper nouns

A name for a particular person, animal, thing or place has a capital letter and is called a proper noun.

Eg: Malaysia, David or Friday

Common nouns

All the other nouns are calledcommon nouns Countable and uncountable

nouns Concrete and abstract nouns

COUNTABLE NOUNS

Countable noun is an item. You may refer to one or more item. Item can be counted. Eg: book, window, word, idea etc

Because you can refer to more than one such item, countable nouns can be made plural, usually by adding s. Eg: books, photos, windows, words etc.

Plurals: forming and using them

The plural form of most nouns is created simply by adding the letter s.• more than one snake = snakes • more than one ski = skis

Words that end in -ch, x, s or s-like sounds, however, will require an -es for the plural:

• more than one witch = witches • more than one box = boxes • more than one gas = gases

There are several nouns that have irregular plural forms. Plurals formed in this way are sometimes called mutated (or mutating) plurals.

• more than one child = children • more than one woman = women • more than one man = men • more than one person = people

With words that end in a consonant and a y, you'll need to change the y to an i and add es.

• more than one baby = babies• more than one gallery = galleries

Words that end in o create special problems.• more than one potato = potatoes • more than one hero = heroes

. . . however . . . • more than one memo = memos • more than one cello = cellos

. . . and for words where another vowel comes before the o . . . • more than one stereo = stereos

Plurals of words that end in -f or -fe usually change the f sound to a v sound and add s or -es.

• more than one knife = knives • more than one leaf = leaves

There are, however, exceptions:• more than one dwarf = dwarfs • more than one roof = roofs

Uncountable nounsHere is a list of UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS for you to consider. Can you count anyof these things? Do we use the plural form of any of these words in commonspeech and writing? What do the things in the first column have in common?the second column? In the first section, above, we named things in theclassroom that we could count. What are some things in the same room thatwe can't count? wood beer cake

sugar ricemeat cheese

applause photographytraffic harmpublicity homeworkadvice flour

CONCRETE AND ABSTRACT NOUNS~Concrete nouns refer to things you can see and touch such as door and desk.~Abstract nouns refer to things you cannot see or touch such as safety and voice.~Both concrete and abstract nouns can be countable or uncountable happiness (abstract and uncountable) trick (abstract and countable) finger (concrete and countable) margarine (concrete and uncountable)

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