Sponsored by St. Mary's government dept.

Washington semester:by M arjorie Irr

Asst. St. M ary’s Editor

B renda W illiam s, a ju n io r governm ent m ajor a t St. M ary’s has just returned from Washington D C., where she participated in the Washington Sem ester a t American University.

Although she noted a few weak points in the program , Williams said tha t the sem ester was an unequaled learning experience. She recom m ended it highly to any students who are interested in government.

The Washington Sem ester in­cludes five different areas of c o n c e n tra tio n : A m erican

* O b s e r v e rIn sight

g o v e r n m e n t , i n te r n a t io n a l relations, international develop­m en t, u rb an s tu d ie s and econom ics. S tu d en ts in the program attend sem inars, lectures and discussions in their a rea of concentration three days per week. The two rem aining days a re spent in a governm ent internship.

An extensive research paper on a specific topic m ust be subm itted a t the end of the sem ester. The paper is worth one fourth of the fnal grade. Sixteen credits a re earned through the Washington Sem ester.

Williams explained that a t the beginning of every week students w ere g iven sch ed u le s of the various sem inars and lectures they w ere to attend. Almost 90 percent of the lectures a re a t various locations around the city.

On Wednesday, discussions were

held on how the students’ internships applied to their

areas of concentration. Field trips were taken to places of specialinterest.

“Most of the speakers were very good. Some showed rea l in terest in the students,” said Williams. She noted tha t field trips were in­teresting because they provided so much first-hand information.

“ We went on one to Columbia, M aryland, which is a new town. There we saw how they were setting up plans for housing. We also went to the Supreme Court and saw Justice Douglas just before he re tire d ,” she said.

“ On a trip to a m anpower office, I talked to a m an who was on w elfare. He said that he’d rather just pick up his check than go out and look for a job. T hat’s the way

it really is and you don’t learn that from professors in the classroom ,” W illiams said.

On T h u rsd ay an d F rid a y , Williams worked in internship for Congressm an Donald Riegle of Michigan. Riegle asked Williams tow years ago if she was interested in an internship in his office. She declined a t that tim e, but contacted him when she decided to take the Washington Sem ester.

Williams explained her work as an intern. “At first I was running errands. That was to be expected, since I was new. Then I started doing constituency mail. That involed reading the mail, doing research on the specific problem s and the congressm an’s policy on it,” she continued. “ I then wrote and ty p e d the replies. Congressm an Riegle is now run­ning for Senator, so toward the end

we worked on the cam paign,” W illiams added.

“ I really loved working on Capitol Hill. I could see the govenm ent a t work. It inspired me to work h a rd ," she said. “The people in my office m ade me feel a part of what was going on and that gave me incentive.”

W illiams cited other advantages of the program . “You learn to do thing for yourself. I don’t think it’s hard to find an internship . You have to be outgoing, though,” she] em phasized.

( c o n t i n u e d on p a g e IIJ

#The Observeruniversity of notre d a m e - st. mary's college

No. 65_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Friday, Janu.Friday, January 16, 1976

m arijuana

Dedicated to Dr. Bartholomew

Convention plans outlinedby Phil Cackley Staff Reporter

The 1976 Mock Political Con­vention will be dedicated to the m em ory of the late Paul B ar­tholomew, professor of gover­nm ent and international studies, who passed away Dec. 24, Mark Frieden, P ress secreta ry for the convention, revealed last night.

B artho lom ew o rig in a te d the conventions in 1940 and had been

involved in th e ir developm ent since. He will be recognized in the dedication on the first page of the convention booklet. There will also be a cerem ony on the opening night.

Candidates

The convention will run from March 3-6 and will ac t as a prelude to th e N otre D am e -S t.M ary ’s

The typically frigid month of January in Indiana has driven everyone into Bicentennial week, M arch 7-13. their heavy clothing. Fear not following a brief but lovely Spring, we lnce M oschella and N ancyshall be wooed by a hot and humid Indiana summer. (Photo by Mark renner, co-chairpersons for the

PV Pnt n m n a n o v a n n f n r a n n mMuench) event, held an executive com­m ittee m eeting last night.

Soviet, Cuban troAngolan crisis;JO H A N N ESB U RG , South Af­

r ic a (A P ) — S ov iet-backed fo rc e s , led by C uban troops, have scored m ajor m ilitary vic­tories in northern Angola, ra is ­ing fears of d irect intervention by n e ig h b o rin g Z a ire , r e p o r ts re a c h in g Jo h a n n e sb u rg sa id Thursday.

In a n o th e r d ev e lo p m en t, South African officials a t Wal- v is Bay in South-W est A frica have refused to let 23 ships c a r­rying an estim ated 2,500 Ango­lan re fu g ee s un load th e ir hu ­m an cargo nd ordered the ships to return to Angola. The ship captains have refused to budge.

The London F in a n c ia l T im es and the Yugoslav news agency T an ju g both re p o r te d th a t fo rces of the S ov iet-backed P o p u la r F ro n t for the L ib e r­ation of Angola — MPLA — h av e se ized the key Angolan port of Ambriz, its airfield and the nearby city of Ambrizette.

The W este rn -b ack ed N ational F ront for the Liberation of An­gola — FNLA — h as m a in ­tained its m ilitary headquarters a t Ambriz.

The MPLA o ffen siv e r e p o r t­

edly was led by about 7,000 Cu­ban co m b a t troops an d used ta n k s , h e lico p te r gun sh ip s and c o n c e n tra te d ro c k e t a t ta c k s to seize the cities.

U.S. Secretary of S tate Henry A. K iss in g er sa id W ednesday the Cuban forces were trying to take over all of Angola and said fighting in northern Angola “ is being conducted alm ost en­tirely by Cuban forces without even the pretense of participa­tion” by the MLPA.

M eanw hile , U.S. in te llig en c e sources in Washington said the Soviet Union m ay be preparing a further buildup of its naval s tre n g th off the W est A frican co as t w ith in c ru is in g d is tan c e of Angola.

The sources said U.S. in­telligence has been tracking a Soviet cruiser, which has m oved th rough the w este rn M e d ite rra n e a n to w ard G ib ra l­ta r in recent days, and a Soviet guided m issile destroyer, which has been spotted south of P or­tugal.

In te llig en c e re p o r ts reach in g the Pentagon said the destina­tion of the ships is uncertain,

but the reports suggest the ships m ay be sent to reinforce other Russian naval vessels a l­ready off West Africa.

The c o n se rv a tiv e London D aily T e leg rap h re p o rte d from the Angolan capital of Luanda that the only town held by the FNLA in n o r th e a s t A ngola is Santo Antonio and it now ap ­pears threatened.

A ngo la’s r ic h e s t o ffsho re oil fields a re located off Santo An­tonio, south of the oil-rich Cabi­nda en c la v e . The M PLA-con- tro lle d e n c la v e is se p a ra te d from Angola by a 20-mile sliver of Zaire.

R e p o rts h av e sa id m uch of the FNLA’s w ar supplies have been ch a n n e lled re c e n tly from Z aire a c ro ss the Congo R iver into Santo Antonio, and the Na­tional F ront is expected to wage a bloody battle to hold the town.

MPLA clashes with forces of a n o th e r W este rn -b ack ed g roup , the National Union for the To­tal Liberation of Angola — UNITA — w ere a lso re p o rte d T h u rsd ay in four a r e a s of southern Angola.

It was reported a t the meeting that all the m ajor presidential c a n d id a te s h av e been ask ed toattend the proceedings, but that nonehave given definite answ ers to date. There will be student cam ­paign m anagers for each of the 11 candidates who include Sen. F red H arris, Gov. Jim m y C arter, Rep. M orris U dall, Sen. H enry Jackson, Sen. Lloyd Benson, Gov. T erry Sanford, Gov. Milton Shapp, S a rg e n t S h riv e r , Gov. G eorge W allace and Sen. Robert Byrd.

Convention speakersThe m ajor speakers for the con­

vention will be Robert S trauss, c h a irm a n of the N ational D em o c ra tic C o m m ittee , who

will address the opening session on M arch 3. Donald Riegle, con­g re s sm a n from M ichigan and candidate for the senatorial seat being vacated by Philip H art, will give the keynote address on Thursday night.

John B radem as, congressm an for the South Bend area , will speak a t the closing session on Saturday afternoon. There is a possibility that Sen. Philip H art of Michigan will also address the convention.

Also speaking on the opening n ig h t w ill be F r . T heodore H esb u rg h , p re s id e n t of the University, and P ete r Nemeth, m ayor of South Bend. F r. Robert Griffin, U niversity chaplain,will give the invocation a t the opening session.

Invocations will be given another sessions by F r. Raymond Cour,

p ro fe sso r of g o v e rn m e n t and G e rh a r t N iem ey e r, p ro fe sso r em eritus of Governm ent and In­ternational Studies. The N D

Band will open each session with 20 m inutes of music.

All th ree weekday sessions will open a t 7 p.m . and will run past midnight. The Wednesday session will deal with reports from the rules and the credentials com ­m ittees.

Platform decisionThe platform will be decided

upon Thursday night, with the a c tu a l n o m ina tion of the Dem ocratic presidential candidate coming F riday night. S atu rday’s session will run from 12 noon to 4 p.m. and will be used to choose a vice-presidential candidate.

F rie d e n sa id the S a tu rd a y session will be followed by a dance Saturday night sponsored by the Bicentennial com m ittee. It will have a them e modeled on the Inaugural ball.

All of the convention sessions a re open to the general public,although only delegates and authorized personnel will be allowed on the floor of the convention, Frieden stated.

Therewill be two public hearings on platform issues held in thenear fu ture on the topics of the Equal Rights Am m endm ent and Abor­tion. There w ere th ree previous hearings on gun control, busing and the ^ d e c r im in a l iz a tio n of

1 ' wars#*..

Mock Political Convention press secretary Mark Frieden unveiled som e of the events the convention has planned. ( Photo by Mark Muench)

the observer F rid ay . J a n u ary 16, 1976

NewsNational

NCAA combats campus gamblingST. LOUIS-Cecil Coleman, athletic d irector of the U niversity of Illinois, outlined a program proposed by a National Collegiate Athletic Association com m ittee to com bat a m ovem ent to legalize gam bling on cam puses.

“ Quite obviously we are opposed to it,” Coleman said. “ Right now our crowds are composed of persons who com e to the gam e from a loyalty standpoint. If you put gam bling into it, i t ’s going to be a different p ic tu re.”

Police search for murdererCHICAGO-More than 100 police combed a South Side area yesterday seeking the killer of a 9 year old g irl whose big pet dog was left Dehind when she disappeared.

The body of Lisa Cabassa, stra found early Thursday morning alley two miles from home. It is raped and her clothing put back on her, then strangled.

Bowl to get new surfaceM IAM I-Sunday’s Superbowl showdown between the Dallas Cowboys and tne P ittsburgh Steelers will be the last gam e to beplayed'on the ta tte red Polyturf carpet a t the O range Bowl.

The Miami City Council voted this week to install a new surface season with a substance called grass.next

LocalRace getting hot

FORT W AYNE-The race for U.S. Senate w arm ed up yesterday when form er Governor E dgar D. Whitcomb called D em ocratic Senator Vance H artke a d isaster and said form er Indianapolis m ayor R ichard Lugar can ’t win.

“Vance H artke is a d isaster. H e’ll do anything he can to get votes. He ca te rs to special in terest groups and he spends money. He has no regard for fiscal responsibility ,” Whitcomb said in an interview .

On Campus Today■f r iday , jan u a ry 16

12-10 pm - - s p o r t s e x h i b i t i o n ," f i r s t annual m ichiana sports , t rave l and boat show ", acc fieldhouse, $2 adults , $1 children.

4:30 pm -colloquium, " f ra m in g s of lens spaces and a p ­p l i c a t i o n s " by p rof. l a r r y s m i t h , In d ian a u n iv . , 226 c o m u t in g center.

7,9,11 pm - f i l m , " b o n n i e a n d C l y d e " , e n g in e e r in g aud. $1.

6 pm - w o r ld t r a v e l s e r i e s ," I c e l a n d - w h a t ' s in a n a m e ? " by lay g ierkey, o 'laughlin aud., $2.

10 pm 1 a m - n a z z , " a r n e b r a v " l a f o r t u n e b a s e m e n t ,$.50.

Sa t u rd ay , january 17

10 am -io pm - s p o r t s e x h i b i t i o n ,

"spo r ts , travel and boat show " acc fieldhouse, $2, adults, $, children.

10 pm I a m nazz , " a r n e b r a v " l a f o r tu n e b a s e m e n t ,$.50.

Sunday, january 1812-8 pm - s p o r t s e x h i b i t i o n ,

"sp o r ts , travel and boat show ", acc fieldhouse, $2 adults, $1 children.

2 pm - r e c i t a l , " y o u n gp e o p l e ' s c o n c e r t " featuring children of ND f a c u l ty a n d s ta f f , l ib ra ry aud

3:30 pm - le c tu re , " th e essenceof the truely l iberated w o m a n " by pat goltz, in ternational president of fem inis ts for life, st. m a r y 's clubhouse.

7 pm - m e e t i n g , " w o r l dhunger coali t ion", lib. aud . , public invited.

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Mardi Gras plaAll persons interested in working

on M ardi G rasor in serving on M ardi G ras com m ittees a re asked to a t te n d an o rg a n iz a tio n a l m eeting F riday, Jan . 6 a t 7 p.m . in the LaFortune Ballroom.

All booth chairm en m ust be in attendance with their floor plans

Phaser misused by criminals

W ASHINGTON (A P) - The inventor of an electric d a rt gun des ig n ed a s an a l te rn a t iv e to firearm s and sold for self de­fense said W ednesday the weapon has been used as much by crim inals as by persons pro­tecting them selves from attack .

John H. C over, p re s id e n t of T a se r S y stem s, In c ., sa id he has rec e iv e d re p o r ts th a t his controversial “T aser Public De­fender” has been used a t least 20 tim es, “one half in self de­fense and one half by crooks.”

The T a se r , a hand held d e ­vice resem bling a flashlight, fires two, inch-long barbs con­nected to a battery by a 15-foot copper and stainless steel wire.

-— ■The Observer—

Night Editor: Dan Sanchez Assistant Night Editors:Chris Smith and M ary Janca Layout Staff: Anne Reilly,M ary Egan, Terry Keeney Day Editors: Maureen Flynn, Margie Ir rCopy Readers: M ary Egan,Fred Herbst Editorials: Pat Hanifin Features: Gregg Bangs Sports: Fred Herbst and Bill BrinkCompugraphic: Carolina Typists: Dave Rust, Camille Night Controller: MarthaFanning Ad L a y o u t :

Sorry we lost the list

and their $100 deposits. Mardi Gras Chairm an H arry Spellman said. Spellman said about 25 o rg a n iz a tio n s h av e re q u e s te d space for booths and that all residence halls will be represen­ted.

Booth contruction is expected to begin a t noon Sunday and all clubs should bring w hatever building tools they have a t their disposal. A lim ited num ber of tools a re owned by the M ardi G ras com m ittee and will be available on a loan basis.

Spellman said it is much too early to tell whether M ardi Gras will lose money this year. The cost of the building m ateria ls, most notably wood and m uslin, has increased significantly this year, he said. The M ardi G ras com ­m ittee provides the wood and

m ateria ls but m ay have to keep a portion of the deposit fees to negate the price increases.

C lubs w hich w a s te bu ild ing m ateria ls will be fined this year, Spellman announced. “With the prices the way they are , we just can ’t afford any w aste this y ea r ,” he said.

Mardi G ras is an annual event a t w hich v a rio u s c a rd g a m e s , roulette wheels and other gam es of chance a re operated to support the Notre Dam e Charities. The event will open Jan . 30 in Stepan Center and last until Feb. 8.

Raffle tickets a re still being sold and distributed am ong m em bers of the Notre D am e com munity. The grand prize this year will be a 1976 Nova from G ates Chevrolet of South Bend.

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Get more out of your last 2 years

of college.If for some reason you m issed taking Arm y ROTC in your

first two years of college, you can still take it in your last two.But only if you apply while you’re still a sophomore.

In order to m ake up for the years you m issed, you’ll have to attend a special camp in the sum m er before your junior year.You’ll earn up to a total of $2,900 in the Two-Year Program . You’ll get some good m anagem ent experience. And you’ll get a comm is­sion as an Arm y officer along with a college degree.

Army RO 1C

Net re Dame, IN 46556Please send me more information about the Army ROTCTwo-Year Program.

Ms.Mr._

A ddress .

City____ _County_

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I College A ttending,

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(fit) The Army ROTC IVo-lfear Program" U nder the au thor i ty of Title 10, USC 2101-2111/ your ad d re ss is needed to provide you m a te r ia l s on the Army ROTC p ro g ram . Completion of this form is voluntary . Not completing this form will p reven t us from mailing you m ate r ia l . Information obtained will be used for ROTC enrollmentpu rposes ." ___________

F riday , January 16, 1976 the observer

Grocery store to close on the 17thby Mo Flynn

Senior Staff Reporter

The A&P grocery store a t the corner of Howard and Eddy streets will close Jan . 17, 1976 foreconomic reasons, according to a representative of the Atlantic and Pacific Tea Co.

P eter Koukas, president of the com pany’s Midwestern District, told a group of South Bend citizens that presnt stoe sales a re $30,000 per week and that the am ount is insufficient to provide profits for A&P. Koukas added that stock shrinkage through pilferage is not the reason for closing the store.

K oukas w as consu lted by m em bers of the Grocery Store Task Force, organized by the Common Council of the City of South Bend. According to Council P resident Roger 0 . P aren t, the Task Force will work to have another grocery store operating at the Howard S treet location no la ter than June 30, 1976.

The grocery store provides a “ vital serv ice” to the people who live in the N ortheast area, P aren t said, and is a jam or strength in m aintaining the neigh­borhood. Many Notre Dame students and faculty m em bers a re residents of the area.

The Task Force has outlined the

Wave paranoia strikes AussiesA D ELA IDE, A u s tra lia (A P)

— South Australian workers are poised to desert their facto­ries and the sta te prem ier has ap p e a led for ca lm follow ing a p a r t- t im e c la irv o y a n t’s “ m e n ta l flash” that an earthquake and tidal wave will hit Adelaide on Monday.

“ It appears a degree of hys­teria has been whipped up about some nonsensical prophe­cy that there will be an ea rth ­quake and tidal wave on Mon­day ,” P rem ier Don Dunstan sa id in a rad io b ro a d c a s t sough t by com m u n ity le a d e rs who feared a down under ver­sion of California’s San An­dreas fault scares.

“There is no basis for it a t a ll,” Dunstan said, adding that he will stand on a je tty a t Gle- nelg B each n e a r A dela ide on M onday m orn ing to show he has no fear of a tidal wave.

A delaide se ism o lo g is t D. J . Sutton term ed the prediction “ poppycock. ” A delaide su ffe rs about 50 e a r th tre m o rs ev e ry year but most a re too weak for people to feel.

M aj. Gen. A lan S tre tto n , chief of A ustralia’s natural dis­a s te r o rg an iza tio n , a lso is u n ­perturbed. He plans to be in Adelaide on Monday to address a Rotary Club meeting.

But many residents a re still planning to leave the sta te cap­ital of 800,000 or a t least stay at home with their families on the supposed doomsday.

D unstan p re d ic te d such high a b sen te e ism from w ork would force m any businesses to close.

C la irv o y an t Jo h n N ash , a house p a in te r by tra d e , sa id Nov. 3 that the vision cam e to him w hile he w as g a rd en in g . He said he saw in his m ind’s eye a newspaper front page re ­p o rtin g the d is a s te r , co m p le te with Monday’s date.

Nash has since fled 1,500 miles to western A ustralia “ to avoid the d isaste r.”

His prediction was first picked up by a chatty news­p ap e r co lum n and h as gained more publicity ever since.

Darby's PlaceDarby O’Gill announces the re ­

opening of D arby’s P lace, a t its regular hours this Sunday from 12:00a.m. to4 :00a.m . O Gill’s, the clean, well-lit place for the Notre Dame night folk, returns to its r e g u la r sc h ed u le , open from m idnight to four Sunday through Thursday nights. All a re welcome.

im portant points of its cam paign to establish another grocery a t the present &P location.-T o bring together all available information about the present A&P operations a t the Howard Street lo ca tio n , inc lud ing fin an c ia l h is to ry and p ro fessio n a l assessm ent of the physical plant. -A ssist any seriously interested indicidual or group to secure needed financing.-K eep the neighborhood informed abou t any d ev e lo p m en ts and secure its active support of any

new store operator.M embers of the Task Force

include representatives of AC­TION, In c ., the South Bend- M ishaw aka C h am b er of C om ­m erce, St. Joseph County Urban L eague , the N o rth ea s t N eigh­borhood Council and REAL se r­vices. The Task Force will enentually include a t least fifteeen m em bers, P aren t said.

Koukas said he would cooperate in every way possible with any individual group who wishes to take over the Howard Street facility.

m um

ND/SMC-South for bicentennial festivity

by Chris HopkinsTribute to American Music” by the South Bend Symphony and Or­chestra and Symphonic Choir at

“ An Almost Chosen People” is the Morris Civic Auditorium.the th em e for the n a tio n a l bicentennial festival to be hosted by Notre Dame, , St. M ary’s and

Among T u e sd a y ’s a c tiv itie s there will be two addresses, “ Is America in any Sense Chosen?”

the South Bend com munity. This and “The Religious Dimension ofbicentennial event will take place during the week of Mar. 7-11 and the activities will be held in the Center for Continuing Education, O’Laughlin Auditorium and Morris Civic Auditorium.

On Sunday, Mar. 7, from 7-10 p.m. the keynote address, “200 Y ears L ater: Where ShouldAmerica Go,” will be delivered to open the cerem onies. Following this will be a Patrio tic Concert by the University Band and O rchestra along with St. M ary’s and Notre Dame Choral Groups.

The Monday activities will begin with a two and one-half hour address entitled “ Understanding the American Revolution.” From 2-4 p.m. a talk will be given on the “ Declaration of Independence: Its Prom ise and P roblem s.” Monday evening activities will include “ A

American A spirations.” There will also be a Liturgy a t Sacred H eart and a W illiamsburg Dinner at St. M ary’s. A theatrical per­fo rm an ce will be g iven a t O’Laughlin Auditorium.

Two addresses will be given on Wednesday, “ Moral Aspirations In A m erican L i te ra tu r e ” and “ S cience T echnology and A m erican Goals.” Other activities include a St. M ary’s and Notre D am e p o e try re a d in g , C horal Group from South Bend Public Schools and a Notre Dame-St. M ary’s Instrum ental Ensem ble.

The final activity on Thursday w ill be a m orn ing a d d re ss , “ A m erican Aspirations and World Com m unity.”

A discussion period will be held each day for the pros and cons of the addresses.

Court rules on shooting: Moore sentenced to life

SAN FRANCISCO (AP) —Sara Jane Moore, onetim e FBI in fo rm an t w ith ra d ic a l con­nections, today becam e the sec­ond woman in a month to be sentenced to life in prison for a t te m p tin g to kill P re s id e n t Ford.

Before she was sentenced by U.S. D isrict Court Judge Sam ­uel Conti, Miss Moore read a lengthy sta tem ent detailing her p o litica l be lie fs and w hat she said led her to fire a shot at P resident Ford on Sept. 22.

She said she was not sorry for trying to shoot the P resi­dent, except that she “accom- a t the tim e of the shooting, plished little than to throw The m a tro n ly d iv o rce e rea d away the rest of my life ... I her sta tem ent in a c lear voice, tried because it expressed my facing the judge in the sam e feelings a t the tim e and could slacks, blouse and vest she had have triggered the kind of w orn in o th e r c o u r t ap p e a r- chaos to bring the upheaval of an c es . Ju d g e Conti lean ed his

become involved with the peace m o v em en t, th e B lack P a n th e r party and other activist groups that forced her “ to face the raw reality of the things I had spoken of before.”

She sa id h e r invo lvem en t with these groups helped her to becom e sy m p a th e tic to “ those who found th e ir only rec o u rse in violence.”

A fter the se n ten c in g , th e re was a loud cry of protest from Joyce Halvorsen, a friend who had previously rented the apartm en t Miss Moore lived in

needed change. chin on his hand as he listenedShe d esc r ib e d how she had to her.

WASHINGTON (AP) — Agri­culture Secretary E arl L. Butz told leaders of the nation’s fa rm co o p e ra tiv e s T h u rsd ay th a t som e of th e ir m e m b ers have abused their legal advan­tages and been “aided and a b e tte d by the D e p a rtm e n t of A griculture.”

“This has not been done for good m a rk e tin g but fo r m o­nopo lis tic p ric e e n h a n c e ­m e n t . . . I ’m firm ly conv inced we have done th a t,” Butz said at the final session of the Na-

by “ c a n n ib a lism ” w hich “ r e ­flects on all of us.”

Butz p rev io u sly h as sing led out some cooperatives for c riti­cism. He told a H arvard Uni­v e rs ity au d ien c e la s t fa ll th a t grain m arketing in some areas of South Dakota was dominated by cooperatives.

Butz sa id c o o p e ra tiv e abuses “ turn consum ers off on us. L et’s not kid ourselves, they’re the m ajo rity .”

He said the only way farm cooperatives will survive in-

tional Council of F arm er Coop- (c reasing a t ta c k s from se v e ra lg o v ern m e n t ag e n c ies an d o u t­side groups “ is by living right and getting credit for it.”

“ I believe in co-ops ... on the other hand, I believe in com ­p e titio n . We m u st avo id even the a p p e a ra n c e of e v i l ,” B utz said.

era tive’s annual meeting.

The secretary was not specif­ic about the abuses he alleged except to say they involved m arketing orders. He did refer to one unidentified “ ruthless d a iry c o o p e ra tiv e ” th a t g rew

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Butz blasts farm favoritism] claims cooperatives

ND AUDITIONS for

ARTH UR MILLER’S

SMC t h e c r u c i b l ej THEATRE Sun., Jan 18 at 1:30P.M.

and Mon., Jan 19 at 7 :3 0 P.M. (callbacks - Tues., Jan 20 at 7 :3 0 P.M.)

O ’LAUGHLIN AUDITORIUM OPEN TO ALL N D /S M C ST U D E N TS

SUNDAY MASSES (Main Church)

5:15 p.m. Sat. Rev. Robert Griffin, CSC

Rev. Tom McNally, CSC

Rev. Patrick J. Sullivan, CSC

Rev. Bill Toohey, CSC

9:30 a.m. Sun.

10:45 a.m. Sun.

12:15 p.m. Sun.

Evensong will resume on January 18, this Sunday, at 4 :30.

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4 the observer _______________ F riday , Janu ary 16, 1976

Solemn Gregory leadsLO U ISV IL L E, Ky. (A P) -

L ed by an un sm ilin g Dick G regory, an estim ated 1,000 to 1,500 p e rso n s m a rc h e d th rough dow ntow n L ou isv ille T h u rsd ay to celebrate the birthday of the late Dr. M artin Luther King Jr .

The m a rc h e rs w ere s p ir ite d , shouting and singing, “We Shall O v erco m e” and o th e r p ro te s t songs, but th e m a rc h w as peaceful, and there w ere no in­cidents reported.

G re g o ry , who jo ined the m a rc h la te , h ad been tre a te d

T h u rsd ay m o rn in g for a back problem , according to the Rev. Charles Kirby, president of the K en tucky S ou thern C h ris tian L ea d e rsh ip C onference.

At a rally a t the Jefferson County C ou rth o u se , G rego ry spoke to the crow d, b la s tin g A m erican le a d e rs for h y p o c r i­sy. He spoke briefly on court- o rd e re d busing for school d e ­segregation, a subject that has c a u se d u n re s t in Je ffe rso n County s in ce a d e se g reg a tio n plan went into effect last Sep­tem ber.

States now spend money intended for future use

W ASHINGTON (A P) — Faced with “an increasingly bleak fiscal fu ture ,” s ta tes a re delaying c a p ita l e x p e n d itu re s and m e e tin g c u r re n t f in an c ia l o b lig a tio n s w ith m oney e a r ­m a rk e d fo r fu tu re g ro w th , a su rv ey of the s t a te s ’ f in a n c ia l positions reported Thursday.

The su rv ey of the f in a n c ia l health of 37 sta tes found that capital outlays increased 31 per cent from 1974 to 1975 but that they a re expected to drop 14 per cent from 1975 to the end of this year.

“ V irtu a lly e v e ry s ta te is doing it,” said Joseph Rhodes, d ep u ty d ire c to r of the A m e ri­can Association of S tate High­w ay an d T ra n sp o r ta tio n O ffi­c ia ls , w hen ask ed how m an y sta tes w ere forced to use mon­ey e a rm a rk e d fo r c a p ita l e x ­p e n d itu re s on c u r re n t o p e r ­ations.

“ The s ta te s h av e a cho ice w hen they fo re see a d e f ic i t ,” sa id P r ic i l la Schw ab, a s ta ff m em ber of the National Gover­n o rs C onference, w hich sp o n ­so red the su rv ey . “ T hey can put off cap ita l expenditures or go to the bond m arket and bor­row money against the fu ture .”

Using proceeds from bond sales to m eet cu rren t needs can be r isk y , b r in g in g abou t such problem s as those facing New York City, said Jam es M artin, dep u ty d ire c to r of the co n fe r­ence.

He said the survey did not tu rn up ev id en ce th a t s ta te s w ere doing this and it found “ none of the ingredients of a default.”

What New York City did was to transfer day-to-day expenses into the operating budget. This put the city in the position of p ay in g fo r o p e ra tin g c o s ts by floating bonds and led to the hidden budget deficit tha t even­tually cost the city its credit rating.

M artin said an earlier study p e rfo rm e d fo r the g o v e rn o rs ’ co n fe re n ce la s t a u tu m n found that the s ta tes w ere combining several tactics to deal with eco­nomic problem s.

He said 22 sta tes had reduced s e rv ic e s below th e ir b u d g e ted levels, 23 had cut the num ber of existing sta te jobs or had frozen their hiring, and 25 had delayed capital expenditures.

The cu rren t study found that th e su rp lu se s the s ta te s had built up in previous years have d isa p p e a re d an d th a t d esp ite b e lt- tig h te n in g m e a su re s , gov ­ernors and legislatures m ust in­c re a s e ta x e s , cu t sp en d in g , o r do both to keep their budgets balanced.

The study found tha t ex­penditures in the 37 sta tes su r­veyed a re expected to reach $71 billion during the cu rren t fiscal y e a r w hile re v e n u e w ill to ta l only $67.7 billion.

“ T h is a p p e a rs to in d ic a te tha t the effects of the recession m o re th a n o ffse t th e rev e n u e growth a ttribu tab le to in­flation ,” the report said.

In A tlanta, Dwayne Riner, a spokesm an for Georgia Gov. G eorge B usbee , sa id G e o rg ia ’s

entire $28 million capital outlay p lan n ed for th e c u r re n t f isca l year was frozen, with $10 m il­lion reserved for Medicaid pay­m ents and the rest going into the g e n e ra l rev e n u e fund for the coming fiscal year.

“ A m erica’s got a lot of hang­ups, but the big hangup isn’t busing, i t ’s the niggers on the b u s ,” G reg o ry to ld the group . “We didn’t ask to be bused. We only asked for equal education.

“ I ’m sick and tired of living in a nation th a t teaches one th ing an d does a n o th e r ,” he sa id . “ I would say to w hite America in this bicentennial year, ‘Be honest with us. If you don’t want to be fair with us, at least be honest.’

“ If w hite A m erica w as treated for three days the way b lack A m eric an s h av e been t r e a te d for 200 y e a rs , th e y ’d tear this country down,” Grego­ry said. “ In 200 years w e’ve come a long way. We just want Am erica to know in its bicen­te n n ia l y e a r th a t b lack people a re not its problem . You’ve been our problem .”

Gregory said afte r his 30-min- u te speech th a t he p lan s to

check in to a B oston h o sp ita l this week to be trea ted for his back trouble.

Others participating in the m arch and rally included Ber­nard Lee, of A tlanta, Ga., ex­ecutive vice-president of the SCLC, an d the R ev. C h arles Kirby, president of the KSCLC.

L ou isv ille M ayor H arv ey I. S loane p ro c la im e d T h u rsd ay Human Relations Day in honor of the 47th a n n iv e rsa ry of K in g ’s b ir th . The K entucky General Assembly also took the day off to honor King.

K entucky L t.G ov. T helm a Stovall was to be presented w ith the M artin L u th e r King J r . “ W om an of the Y e a r”

a w a rd by the S ou thern C h ris ­tia n L ea d e rsh ip C onference a t a dinner Thursday night. Mrs.. Stovall, the s ta te ’s first woman lie u te n a n t g o v ern o r, w as being honored for her work in wom­en ’s rights, SCLC officials said.

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Would lower Indiana's legal drinking ageF riday , Janu ary 16, 1976 the observer

Conflicting reports surround b ills futureDy Barb Langhenry and

John Shaughnessy Staff Reporters

It will be passed. It won’t be passed.

Depending on who is doing the talking, the future of the bill low ering th e In d ian a lega l drinking age to 19 is excellent or it hasn’t got a chance.

Student lobbyists say the bill can pass but an area legislator says, ‘‘No w ay.”

“As to where things stand right now, I really don’t think the bill will be approved by the House,”

S ta te S en a to r R o b e rt K ovachstated.

Kovach m ade his statem ent after conferring with Represen­ta tiv e S tan ley Jo n e s (D- Lafayette), one of the co-sponsors of the bill, HR1104.

Jones informed Kovach that he would not ask the Speaker of the House to call a vote on the bill until he was able to determ ine the position of m ore House m em bers on a lower drinking age. Ac­cording to Kovach, this m eans a vote on the bill won’t come until next week.

Avery predicts passage of anti-child abuse bill

INDIANAPOLIS (AP) - The sponsor of a controversial an ti­child abuse bill said Thursday he’s optim istic the bill will be p assed by the In d ian a House Human Affairs Committee.

Rep. Dennis T. Avery, D- Evansville, said he expects the bill to be out of com m ittee and on to the floor by next Tuesday.

On W ednesday n igh t, abou t 300 persons gathered in the H ouse c h a m b e rs for a public hearing on the bill, and about th re e -fo u r th s of the au d ien ce d isp lay ed opposition to the m e a su re in a show -of-hands vote.

The bill is designed to protect c h ild ren from p h y sica l, sex u a l and institutional abuse.

Most of the m easure’s oppo­nents come from church-related schools. And fu n d a m e n ta lis t

B a p tis t m in is te rs h av e voiced fears the m easure will prevent p a re n ts from d isc ip lin in g th e ir children for fear of legal action against them.

H ow ever In d ian a U n iversity fo ren sic psycho log ist D avid W alters, who said he has han­dled m ore than 3,000 cases of ch ild ab u se , sa id the bill is needed to p re v e n t d is tu rb e d p a re n ts from m is tre a t in g ch il­dren.

“The bill does not seek to b rea k down the fam ily s t r u c ­tu re ,” Rep. Avery said. “ R ath­er, it will strengthen it.

“ The bill does not in te rfe re with freedom of religion, but it reaffirm s that freedom with specific language. It assures p a re n ts the r ig h t of d isc ip lin e while guaranteeing the child a far g rea ter right to life.”

At the present tim e, Jones estim ated there a re 36 m em bers who support a 19-year-old legal age while 30 have announced their opposition to the proposal. These figures leave 34 legislators un­com m itted on the issue. The support of 15 m ore House m em bers would be neeced for the bill’s passage.

Accordng to Kovach, it isn’t likely that the necessary votes will be obtained. He cited several reasons.

While re-emphasizing the strong influence of a conservative in the sta te opposed to lowering the drinking age, he also noted one “ surprising” factor which leads to his contention that the bill won’t pass. In Marion County (In­dianapolis a re a ) , little support has been shown for the bill. According to Kovach, this is unusual since the county is considered one of the more liberal counties in the state.

Another factor which might hurt the bill’s chance for success is the lack of a Republican sponsor the bill in the House. Presently, Jones and M arilyn S chu ltz , both D em ocrats, a re sponsoring the bill. Kovach has suggested to Jones to find a Republican spon­sor.

Dexpite the lack of a Republican sponsor, however, Kovach con­tends th e le g is la to rs a re not following a “party line.” The re p re s e n ta t iv e s , he sa id , a re m erely voting according to their constituencies.

Asked if the Senate would pass the bill if the House approved it, Kovach replied, “ I ’m not op­timistic. In fact, from my ob­

servations, the mood of the Senate is very negative .”

K ovach ad d ed th a t m any senators seem to be actually ignoring the bill until tey find out w hat the House will do.

According to Tom Black, head of a student lobby group, the group will try to convince the undecided representatives to support the bill. Student Body P resident Ed Byrne, a m em ber of this lobby, said they will speak to the uncom mitted legislators individually the m or­ning before Congress goes into session.

Byrne said the student lobbyists will be arm ed with this knowledge and will also be able to present their personal feelings as well. “ It will give the legislators a chance to neet students who are sincere,” he

noted.D arlene P alm a, one of the

lobbyists, stated that she hopes to talk to the representatives on the aspect of responsible drinking. She is planning to show and explain posters and information she ob­tained from the National Alcohol Clearing House in Washington, D C., which held a conference at Notre D am e in November. She b e liev e s th a t ed u catio n about responsible drinking is necessary “ to help people to form responsible drinking hab its .”

Black is “skeptically optim istic" and sid “ the votes in the House are there if we go out and get them. And, it is going to take a lot of w ork.” He added that the students might surprise everyone and also get it passed in the Senate.

ND faculty receivesduring month of Dece

N otre D am e has ac ce p te d $706,276 in aw ards for the month of December to support individual fac u lty re se a rc h p ro je c ts , facilities and equipment and in­novative educational program s, according to Dr. Robert E. Gor­don, Notre Dame vice president for advanced studies.

Awards for research totaled $627,800 and included: $300,000from the Energy Research and D evelopm ent A d m in is tra tio n (ERDA) for study of the effects of ra d ia tio n on m a tte r by the R ad ia tio n L a b o ra to ry , $225,000 from the Ford Foundation for s tudy of the im p lica tio n s of m ilitary law violations during the

Vietnam era directed by Lawrence M. Baskir, form er general counsel and s ta ff d ire c to r of the P residential Clemency Board,and Dr. Donald Kommers, director of the Notre Dam e Center for Civil Rights, $53,800 from the National Science Foundation for study of the sy n th e s is of y e a s t ce ll w all

glycoproteins by Dr. Roger K. B retthauer, associate professor of c h e m is try , $24,000 from the American Chemical Society for study of heterogeneous catalytic sintering by D. Jam es J. Carberry, professor of chem ical engineering, and Dr. George C. Kuczynski, p ro fe sso r of m e ta llu rg ic a l engineering, and $15,000from Lilly Endowment, Inc. and $10,000 from an anonymous donor for a sym- posim on evangelization in the American context coordinated by R ev. D avid B u rre ll, C .S.C.,chairm an of the D epartm ent of Theology and associate professor of philosophy.

A w ards for ed u ca tio n a l program s totaled $55,476 and in­cluded: $32,026 from Lilly En­dowment, Inc. for practice-based education for m inistry directed by E velyn E a to n W hitehead , assistan t professor of theology, and Dr. Jam es D. Whitehead, a d ju n c t a s s is ta n t p ro fe sso r of theo logy , $18,450 from the A m erican S ociety of Civil

Engineers for a pre-engineering program for minority students directed by Dr. Je rry J . Marley, a s so c ia te p ro fe sso r of civ il engineering, and $5,000 from the Small Business Administration for a sm all business institute directed by D r. F ra n c is A. Y eandel, assistant dean, College of Business A d m in is tra tio n , and a s s is ta n t professor of m anagem ent.

NotreDamealso received a grant of $23,000 from ERDA for facilities and equipm ent for the Radiation Laboratory.

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ZfcThe Observer▼ o n independent student newspaper

Founded November 3, 1966

The O b server is published by th e stu d en ts of th e U n iversity of N otre D a m e and St. M ary's C ollege. It d oes not n e cessa r ily re fle c t th e p o lic ie s of e ith er institution . T he new s is reported as a c cu ra te ly and o b jec tiv e ly a s p ossib le . E d itor ia ls rep resen t th e opin ion of a m ajority of th e E ditoria l Board. Com ­m en ta r ie s a re th e v iew s of ind ividual ed itors. O pinions, ca rto o n s and reg u la r co lu m n s e x p ress th e v iew s of their au th ors. Colum n sp a ce is a v a ila b le to a ll m em b ers of the co m m u n ity , and le tters a re en cou raged to prom ote th e free ex p ress io n of v a ry in g opin ions on cam p u s

E d ito r ia ls: 283-1715 N ew s: 283-8441 B u sin ess: 283-7471

ED IT O R IA L BOARD

B u s in e ss M anager A d v e r tis in g M anager

Tom M odglin Tom W helan

T erry K eeney Al R utherford Jim E der P a t H anifin K en Girouard B ob M ader M ary Jan ca K en Bradford V al Zurblis T om O 'N eil B ill Brink C hris Sm ith D an San ch ez

Ed itor in ch ief M an agin g Editor E x ec u t iv e Editor E d itor ia l Editor N ew s E ditor C am pu s Editor St. M ary's Editor Copy Editor W ire E ditor F e a tu re s Editor Sp orts Editor P hoto Editor Sen ior N ight Editor

ALRIGHT, JONAS, tVSHAP IT.1 I'M NOT LOOKING A T ONE MORE BRIEF­ING FILE I j

XX/ DON'T HAVE TO, PUKE - W e e

FINISHED.

I A M ? P IP I PASS M Y PR-C- APTITUDE TE ST?\

YOU'RE AN OLD FRIEND, AND I KN0U1 YOU'LL TKY HARP, SO UJE'RE OVERLOOKING

XXKAZKE.\

Friday, January 16, 1976 J

Losing Your COULThe SLC has a reputation as a do-nothing

body. But currently the subcommittees of the committees of the Student Life Council are preparing to begin to write reports on the reports of the subcommittees of COUL (Com­mittee on Undergraduate Life) which will be considered by the Council and forwarded to the Student Affairs Committee of the Board of Trustees which will consider it and possibly forward it to the full Board and the Administra­tion. This may seem to be doing nothing, but SLC members daim it may turn out to be something-if anything gets out of the commit­tee report stage.Judging from past performance, this is unlikely. The SLC began late this year because

of late elections. It is designedly a discussion body, not a legislature, and empowered only to recommend action to Father Hesburgh and the Board. Past recommendations have been shunted off to other committees or simply ignored. Currently the COUL report, hailed last year for its suggested improvements in student life, is heading toward the same graveyard.

There is a slight chance some action will come out of the SIC's eventual report-if SBP Ed Byrne, current chief comic of the Adminis­tration Building steps and alleged student leader, cuts the comedy for a while and pushes for some real results for once.

That, too, is unlikely.

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se rio u s ly

The Machiavelli Plan

art buchw

P. 0 . Box Q

O p e n L e tte rDear Father Hesburgh,

I ’m glad to see tha t the Council was inform ed well enough to see that a m id-sem ester break is needed. As for the first day of an early com m encem ent of classes, such as 26 August, and an ex ­trem ely la te beginning date, such as 8 Septem ber.

I also com m end the victorious efforts of Mr. G assm an in his drive for a represen tative view of the student’s thinking on this volatile issue. The Council followed the p lu r a l i ty ’s w an ts w ith n e a r-

exactness. The exception of course w as the c la ss day betw een Thanksgiving and the following weekend.

I firm ly believe this out of place class day is an injustice to us as students and Am ericans. F irs t, it prevents those who a re within g eo g ra p h ica l p ro x im ity and -o r financial m eans to be with our families for this national holiday. Secondly, for those of us who will have m andatory exam s on this day it will prevent us from unjoying Thanksgiving Thursday, because whether we stay here or not we will have to study for the tests the following day. Do you realize how m ay tests a student could be scheduled to take if a m andatory or in less harsh words highly reco m m en d ed te s t d a te is initiated?

Honestly, I think this is an unfair a r ra n g e m e n t and a m ore ju s t situation could be negotiated.

F ather, I also ask, w hat does it m a tte r if those students who don’t have pressing test or m andatory attendance in classes decide to take off a couple of days early? They m ay or m ay not be hurting them selves, and being the caliber of student you profess us to be it seem s that we could correctly m ake that decision.

Also, it is my experience that those students who can ’t afford two

breaks or whose paren ts can ’t afford two breaks will forgo one or both of them.

My solution, F ather, is to use the fall calendar of my freshm an year (1973-1974) as an annual system .

Gregory G. Garcia

l l c a n b e

d o n e V .said Ronnie 'And I’m

ME1NG RONALD REAGAN GIANT REPUOW STATESMANX -

.1 ••

WASHINGTON-The question of w hether or not the United States should finance political parties abroad through the CIA doesn’t seem to be a problem to the Adm inistration. The only debate is about what parties should receive the money. Rum or has it that the CIA plans to give $6 million to the Christian D em ocrates in Italy to m ake sure the Communists don’t get elected. But there a re some people in Washington who feel tha t now that the ca t is out of the bag, the contribution could be counterproductive.

One of them is my friend Giulio M achiavelli who knows the political situation on Italy as well as anybody.“ I think we should give money to a political party in Italy only if w e’re certain it will produce resu lts .”

‘‘You m ean to the Christian D em ocrats?” I said.‘‘No, I m ean to the Italian Communist P a r ty .”“Have you gone m ad ?” I said to M achiavelli. “ Why would we

give money to the Italian Communist P a r ty ? ”“ I t ’s very sim ple. If the CIA hands over the funds to the Italian

Communist P arty , everyone will say the Com munists in Italy work for the CIA and the center parties will win the election.”

“ But th a t’s M achiavellian,” I told my friend. “The American people would never stand for it .”

“ Neither would the Ita lians,” Machiavelli said. “Look, right now every political party but the Communists a re tain ted in Italy because

it is widely believed their politicians a re on the CIA payroll. The only way we can reverse this is by putting the Com m unists on the payroll and cutting off everyone else.”

“ But you can ’t cut off non-Communist politicians from CIA funds," I protested. “The Right, the Center and the Non- Communist Left depend on that money for their own personal expenses. They have villas to pay off, new ca rs to buy, Swiss bank accounts to keep up. You can ’t take money out of their pockets just to defeat the Com m unists."

“Ah, but th a t’s ju st the point,” M achiavelli said. “They won’t be cut off. when the Soviets find out the CIA is supporting the Com­munist P arty in Italy, the KGB will have no choice but to support the Christian D em ocrats. If w e’re to believe our governm ent, the Soviets pour in a lot m ore money for an election in a foreign country than the Americans do and, therefore, the C hristian D em ocrats will have m ore funds to sa lt aw ay for them selves than when they were financed by the CIA.”

“ I t ’s an interesting proposal,” I said. “But w hat happens if the CIA financing is so successful the Com munists win in I ta ly?"

“There i very little chance of that happening. In alm ost all cases whichever side the CIA supports in an election loses. But we m ust m ake sure that there is a g rea t deal of publicity tha t the Com­m unists in Italy a re being financed by the C entral Intelligence Agency.”

“How would you publicize som ething like th a t? ”“ We’d get D irector William Colby to brief a congressional w atch­

dog com m ittee in secret session that the CIA was going to five $6 million to the Italian Com munist P arty . He would m ake them all sw ear tha t they wouldn’t reveal a word of it to anyone.

“ F ive m inutes afte r the briefing was over, every new spaper bureau in Washington would know about it. The day a fte r the story was printed the White House would deny it. As soon as the denial cam e out, everyone in Italy would believe it was true.

“ I t ’s b rillian t,” I told M achiavelli. “But if the CIA s ta rts sup­porting Communist parties in other countries, won’t it hurt deten te?"

‘It m ight,” he replied, “but w hat better way to show the Soviets we m ean business?”

F riday , Janu ary 16, 1976 the observer 7

L ette rs to a Lonely God

happy birthday, tom dooleyreverend robert griffin

It was th ree o’clock last Tuesday af­ternoon, and I was just staggering through the door of my room with a leashed dog after an eighteen hour train ride on Am- trak from New York City, and I and Darby and his leash and our luggage were covered with snow from that day’s bliz­zard. Im m ediately, the phone began to r in g : it was Betty Tisdale from Columbus, Georgia, rem inding me that Saturday, January 17, was Dr. Tom Dooley’s forty- ninth birthday, and that Sunday, January 18, was the fifteenth anniversary of Tom Dooley’s death.

There was going to be a g rea t celebration in New York for Tom Dooley’s birthday, Betty Tisdale said; and Penn­sylvania was declaring Saturday to be Tom Dooley Day. Tom Dooley’s friends in New York w ere meeting to discuss plans for building a Dooley Hospital, Betty Said; those friends a re also promoting the cause of Tom Dooley’s canonization. She and her hu sb an d , D r. P a tr ic k T isd a le , w ere planning to attend the New York and Pennsylvania celebrations. “Tom Dooley loved Notre Dam e very m uch,” Betty Tisdale said. She wondered if Notre Dame was observing Dr. Dooley’s birthday, too?

I am not a human being who is much given to the promotion of causes; I am too undisciplined, too m averick, to lazy to be a prom oter of causes. But if there is one nam e that m elts the resistance inside me as though I were made of ice cubes, it is the nam e of Tom Dooley, and a second nam e is that of Dooley’s devoted desciple, Betty Tisdale. Betty was a secretary in New York who heard about Dooley, and went to see him when he was ill with cancer. After his death, she went to Southeast Asia to find out how she could help continue the projects Dooley had begun there. One project that especially touched her heart was the orphanage called An Loc (“ Happy P lace” ) that Dooley had co-founded with a M adame Nhu in Saigon. When I first m et Betty Tisdale two years ago, she was raising, by herself, twenty-five hundred dollars a month to support the orphans of An Loc. She was also raising a family of ten ch ild ren : five of them were sons belonging to the widowered Dr. Tisdale, whom Betty m et and m arried in Vietnam; five of them were Vietnamese girls adopted through the orphanage afte r Betty and Dr. Tisdale, a U.S. arm y doctor, were m arried . Last year, before the fall of Saigon, with the help of the United States arm y, Betty Tisdale brought the orphans of An Loc to

the United States, together with M adam e Nhu. Since tha t tim e, all the children have been placed in American homes, and M adam e Nhu m akes her home with the T isdales in thei lovely home, also nam ed An Loc.

And so it was, last Tuesday, as the snow m elted into puddles around me and my dog and his leash and our luggage, I sa t talking by phone to P atrick and Betty Tisdale, knowing that I wanted to celebrate Tom Dooley’s anniversary on Saturday;

wondering if, perhaps, one could get an enormous birthday cake and serve slices of it a t the Grotto to all who cam e to read the Dooley le tte r about the beauty of a place where the lights flicker among the winter snows, as though faith itself were a celebration needing candles like a b ir­thday. To tell the truth, afte r eighteen hours on A m trak, you need to celebrate somebody’s birthday. After eighteen hours in a com partm ent about the size of a second bathroom in a very cheap house, you need a special kind of holiday. After the dark stree ts of New York, whose w inter mood is so often rain, you need something as cheerful as the freshly falling snow. T uesday’s homecoming was as full of welcome as though the storm had showed up a t the station to greet me as a long-lost friend. Then, coming through the storm into my room, looking like an Alp escaping from a sk ie r’s holiday, I settled into a m elt a t a voice on the telephone, and my pup melted beside me. Both of us were com ­forted like the prodigal sons rem inded of ghe heritage of decency and love that aw aits them in their F a th e r’s house.

Saturday, January 17, then, is the b ir­thday of Tom Dooley. I suppose a t Notre Dame, the calendar is filled with the b ir­thday events of men and women who have touched our lives with their greatness. Why, then, should I care m ore for Dooley’s life than for som e of the rest? Among other reasons, I suppose, because Tom Dooley, if he had lived, would be my contem porary. Robert Kennedy, if he had lived, would have been contem porary to both of us.

Not exact contem poraries, perhaps, but close enough. They m ust have rem em ­bered, as I rem em ber, the first tim e King Kong climbed the E m pire S tate Building with Fay Wray in his arm s. They m ust have gone to the movies on some of the sam e afternoons when I went to the movies to see Shirley Tem ple in The Blueburd, or Mickey Rooney as Andy Hardy, or Snow White or Bambi. They m ust have read

books like Bob, Son of Battle, or The Five Little Peppers, and How They Grew. They m ust have listened to Tom Mix on the radio, and sent aw ay box tops to become Ralston S traight Shooters. They must have heard the news in 1933 that Roosevelt had closed the banks, or, in 1936, that Italy had gone to w ar with Ethiopia. They m ust have worn corduroy knickers that swished when they walked, and bought M ary Jane candies for a penny, and Charleston Chews for a nickle. They m ust have exploded torpedoes and ground red devil fire crackers under their heels on the Fourth of July, and read Big, Little Books featuring Flash Gordon and Chandu the Magician. They m ust have gone around the neigh­borhood sing ing : “The Indians threwrocks a t Columbus - ‘Cause he sang a song that didn’t sw ing.” They m ust have wept a t the sight in the newspaper of the em pty wheel chair a t FD R ’s funderal.

Out of all the trivia and nonsense and dram a of an American childhood like your own, they grew up to have a passionate caring for people, and they had the energy and the grace and courage and gifts that dared them to face the suffering, and try to mend it. When they died young, they left you with an exam ple to follow, and with the challenge of needing to try harder, like soldiers closing the ranks afte r their prince has fallen on the field.

Tom D olley and R o b ert K en­nedy...contem poraries whom I love as heroes. It is com fortable to have heroes who belong to your own generation. By God, you think to yourself: it is not the age of the anti-hero. There a re giants who have walked the ea rth who a re neither my sons nor my fa thers; we could have been in high school together. It is not necessary to m ake them saints. It does not seem possible, according to the new spapers, to m ake Kennedy a saint, it is not necessary to m ake Tom Dooley a saint. I do not think the Church has done well by her saints: they becom e rem o te , s ta in e d -g la ss figures, the unreal figures on a side a lta r whom the hagiographers have reduced into bores. We end up losing them as heroes because they seem m ade out of different stuff from the rest of us. I really m ust ask Betty Tisdale whether she wants to risk doing that to Tom Dooley.

So you come back from the great, gray city, and you rem em ber the looks on the faces of old people gathered into the parish hall from the streets and lonely rooms to ea t their Christm as dinner, and all of them were worried whether you had eaten

I

your dinner, or not. You rem em ber the eighteen year old girl who cam e with her father to speak to you afte r the New Y ear’s Eve Mass. She was threatened by the Mafia, she siad, for a theft she had been guilty of. The Mafia had threatened to kill her that very evening if she did not leave town, she said. Was there some convent I knew of where she could be hidden away from death? You thought to yourself: how tough it m ust be to be a father in a jungle w here there a re no hiding places. You rem em ber a m eeting arranged by the social w orker with some nurses from St. V incent’s hospital who wanted to establish a mobile clinic for the people of the streets.None of the s tree t people would bother to

take ca re of their health, and few of them would come to the clinic. Those nurses asked you the questions of how and why, as though you could give them the anser.

On last Monday evening a t the dinner hour, when the city is liveliest, you left the city with your mind full of im ages of love and death a t each o ther’s throat. You come lam e back to a cam pus that seem s a peaceful, snow-bound village; but under the sh o u ts an d la u g h te r of the homecoming, you could hear the news that told you that even here, all the victories do not belong to love.

Yet there w ere phonecalls from Georgia that told of a faith that celebrates the anniversaires of death as well as the b irth­days.

Tom Dooley is as im portant to us now as he ever was as a m issionary doctor in Vietnam. T hat is the m essage Betty Tisdale was giving m e over the phone. That is th implication of the efforts of Tom Dooley’s friends to have him canonized, and I am not even talking of the eternal hopes tha t canonications cause.

An eighteen hour m ediatation on Am­trak can leave you feeling pretty moody. That is why we m ake heroes of chaps like Tom Dooley, who faced even grim m er realities, inside and outside them selves, than the discouragem ent and self-pity we feel for ourselves. Tom Dooley was never defeated. One of his g rea test victories are some of the com m itm ents Betty Tisdale has m ade in her life. But there a re other, m ore inward victories he won. If you don’t believe me, read his le tte r which is p er­m anently placed in the Grotto. A good day to do it would be Saturday, January 17, his forty-ninth b irth d ay ; or Monday, the fifteenth anniversary of his death.

Happy Birthday, Tom Dooley. Thank you, Betty Tisdale.

foreign notes

angersFirst impressions of France are fading

from memory now as we settle down to the reality of daily routine. The “ first tim e’ excitements are rarer, but there is a sort of comfortable familiarity now with things that were formerly strange.

Angers is neither a picturesque fairy-tale village nor a booming metropolis, Ameri- can-style. Angers is a city of 150,00 people-about the same size as South Bend (and about as exiciting). It has its old sections of town, its new housing develop­ments and appartm ent buildings, and its factory zones. The history of Angers dates back to pre-Roman times. Anders, like so many places in Europe, blends old with new in a way that startles many American tourists.

Surprising too, is Angers’ lively down­town area, where everyone goes to do their shopping, and where open-air markets take place several times a w eek-a far cry from some of America's big cities with dying urban cores.

Another shock for Domers, accustomed to the night-owl existence of students, was the discovery that in Angers everyone goes to bed by 10 p .m .-a t the latest. Even on weekends, the town seems to close down after dark. At eight o ’clock, they close the shutters and roll up the sidewalks.

Outside of the Restaurant Universitaire, of course, French food is very good. W e’re becoming spoiled in a land where wine is cheaper than Coke, where there are more than 500 differenty kinds of cheese, and

I tu previewi

by katie kerwin |i i I

it’s super bowl timewhere pastries are works of art. b y tom o ’neil

Right now we are in the midst of what everyone told us would be the “ w orst.” It’s rained for five days straight and home is on everyone’s mind. Every letter from home and every Observer reminds us of allthe things that are going on without us. Christmas vacation seems too distant and June seems like a mirage that keeps getting farther away. Exams and papers are piling up. Worst of all, mail has slowed down to a trickle and neither threats nor pleas are working to get friends and family to write (so have a heart, all of you out there, will you?)

Our only consolation is that everyone said this would happen and we’ve been assured that by Christmas, miraculously, things get better and the time flies by. That h e lp s-a little. Right now, we can only hope that it’s true.

However, despite the lonliness and the frustrations, there are compensations. Traveling thus far has been good and plans for Christmas vacation give us something to look forward to. And at least we have more free time than we ever had at Notre Dame, we’re catching up on our sleep, and some are even taking up crocheting or knitting.

But most of all, there’s a certain satisfaction in being independent and in having the nerve to leave home for a whole year because you want to see more of the world.

iiI

Super Bowl X is this week’s major TV attraction, an expected-to-be firey match between the Super Bowl defenders from Pittsburgh and the come- from behind Cowboys. And despite the recent and much-publicized findings of a college professor who has determined that there are actually only seven minutes of action to the average Super Bowl, few fans will be discouraged from watching it. To be aired at 2 p.m. on 22.

President Ford will deliver his State of The Union Address Monday at 9:00, to be carried live by all major networks. He is expected to recommend a $10 billion tax cut as well as the usual decrease in government spending.

The 1936 World Series between the Yankees and the Giants will be the subject of “ The Way It W as” on ch. 34 at 8:00 on Thursday, hosted by Hall of Famers , Lefty Gomez and Bill Terry. Firing Line will feature John Connolly Saturday at 9:00 on 28, and Leonard Bernstein presents a Harvard lecture on music Sunday at 2:00 on 34 dem onstrating how simple tunes can be transformed into complex musical compositions.

“ Search for the Great Apes” , a docu­m entary look at orangutans and gorillas (with special em phasis on the la tte r’s newly-discovered language of 17 words), can be seen Sunday at 5:00 on channel 34.

A 13-week episode on the life and

dependents of John Adams through 150 years begins Tuesday at 9:00 on PBS. At an overall cost of $6 million, this special Bicentennial series focuses mostly upon the courtship between Adams and Abigail Smith beginning in 1762.

The best of the movies on television this week is Jeremiah Johnson, 1972 adventure film starring Robert Redford (Sunday at 9:00 on 28). It concerns the travails of a soldier-turned-trapper who confronts In­different Nature in the Rocky Mountains. Redford remains appropriately silent throughout most of this movie, (directed by Sydney Pollad), and proves adequate for such an excellent movie. It was filmed in Utah.

The second of the big films is The Midnight Man, a suspense yarn starring Burt Lancaster (also co authored, co-dir- ected and co-produced). Based on the novel “ The Midnight Lady and the Mourning M an' by David Anthony. It's an excellent mystery with lots of plot and a final juicy twist. It involves a Pears-like campus security guard who investigates some strange campus killings. Co-stars Susan Clark Saturday at 9:00.

Lastly, the Waltons have their home gutted by fire this week in a two-hour special Thursday at 8:00 on 22.

8 the observer F rid ay , Janu ary 16. 1976

25 p ercen t of fa c u lty n o w favor; 50 p ercen t in terested

Collective bargaining: a growing trend at ND?by Maureen Flynn

Senior Staff Reporter

Collective bargaining a t Notre Dam e, 1973: “ I don’t think weshould get involved in that sort of thing and the whole idea is d istasteful to m e.’’- “ All they want to do is grind out m ore money for th e m se lv e s , less w ork , m o re privileges, m ore tim e off.’’- “The university sits on sacred ground. I don’t w ant it soiled by union jack ­boots, no m a tte r how much unions have contributed to the quality of life in other a re a s .”

Despite an accelerating trend toward collective bargaining in higher education, a m ajority of the faculty m em bers contacted by the Observer in January , 1973 said that they w ere opposed to its institution a t Notre Dame.

Three years la te r the trend is still spreading, to the extent that an estim ated 15 percent of the A m erican p ro fe s so r ia te is collectively represented . And

three years la te r the question of collective bargaining a t Notre Dam e is being raised with in­creasing frequency.

Senate researches issue

In Decem ber, 1974, the Faculty Senate approved and distributed to the faculty a t large the report of an ad hoc com m ittee on collective bargaining. The purpose of the report w as to describe briefly the m e ch a n ic s of the co llec tiv e bargaining process, to discuss possible applications a t private universities like Notre Dame and to present argum ents for and against collective bargaining a t Notre Dame.

A referendum conducted last spring among Notre D am e faculty by the Faculty Senate revealed that approxim ately 25 percent of those resp o n d in g fav o red collective bargaining, 25 percent opposed it and 50 percent wished for m ore inform ation.

d ObserverInsight

process whch is confusing to many.While taking no position on the

issue,the Faculty Senate is a t­tem pting this year to inform

St. Mary's language edits dictionaries for

by P a t Payne Staff Reporter

In Italian , i t ’s “aiu to” . I t’s “au secours” in F rench, “ Hilfe” in Germ an, “ socorro” in Spanish and for E n g lish -sp e ak in g tra v e le r s abroad i t ’s “ Help” .

A series of travel dictionaries co­ed ited by D ila v e r B e rb e r i, a s s is ta n t p ro fe sso r of m odern languages a t St. M ary’s,and his wife, Edel Winje, have recently been released by Grosset, Dunlap and Cortina publishers. The books, featuring verb tables, pronun­ciation guides and a menu reader, a re available in Italian-English, - F rench-English, Germ an-English and Spanish-English.

Also in c lu d ed to a s s is t the foreign trav e ler a re num erous idioms and phrases ranging from “ Quanto costa questo?” (Italian for “How m uch does this cost?) to “ M an h a t m ich b e s to h le n ” (G erm an for “ I ’ve been robbed” (.

Berberi noted tha t he considers conversation to be a very im ­portant p art of any language and for that reason has incorporated many useful phrases into the books.

T eresa Nutting M arcy, govern­ment lectu rer a t St. M ary’s and h er h u sb a n d , M ichel M arcy assistant professor of F rench a t the college are co-authors of the

se rie s’ French-English dictionary. Berberi and Winje authored the Italian-English version.

Berberi, also the creato r of Arabic in a Nutshell, one book in a series published by the Institute for Language Study and Funk and Wagnall, has studied Albanian,

In a tollow-up report adopted by the F aculty Senate in September 1975, the ad hoc com m ittee a t­tem pted to exam ine the case for collective bargaining specifically a t Notre Dame and to stim ulate debate on the subject.

The Senate com m ittee report discussed the goals a t ta in a b le th ro u g h co llec tiv e b a rg a in in g , su m m a riz e d p rev io u s S en a te reports and the adm inistra tion’s re sp o n se s and o u tlin ed the s itu a tio n .a t N otre D am e w ith reference to specific governance issues. Resum es of collectively bargained contracts fromSt. Johns and T em ple U n iv e rs itie s were appended to the report.

While taking no position on the issue, the Faculty Senate is a t­te m p tin g this year to inform m e m b ers of the N otre Dame com munity m ore fully about a

professortravelersItalian, F rench, Arabic and Turki­sh. A native Albanian, he attended the M ilitary College of Milan, Italy. In addition, Berberi holds and M.A. degree and a Ph.D. in l in g u is tic s from In d ian a University and joined St. M ary’s Faculty in 1967.

m em bers of the Notre Dame com munity m ore fully about a process which is confusing to

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Engineering names honor students

26 students were initiated into the Notre Dam e, Indiana Gamm a Chapter of the Tau Beta Pi Engineering Honor Society on Dec. 4, 1975.

The students a re : AnthonyA rena , W alte r B ak , W illiam B a rre tt , C h ris to p h e r B ed n ar, D onald B yrne, J e a n D udek,

Theresa Fritz, Michael G assm an, R ich a rd G reen w ell, M ichael Gyorog, M ary Hagan, Michael H ahn, M ary H easly , A rlene Hunter, R ichard Johnson, Brian

Kirk, Thom as McKenna, John M o rtim er, R o b ert P o lic a s tro , Hugh R eilly , M ary R esn ik , Gregory Schuster,M ark Sinsky, William Sturm , Kevin W arapius and Daniel Wilks.Students in the top one-fifth of

the graduating Senior Class and top one-e igh th of the Ju n io r C lass, ev e ry d e p a r tm e n t within the College of Engineering, a re eligible for m em bership. The final decision is m ade on con­sideration of each individual’s integrity, breadth of in terest and character. These new m em bers join 16 students who are currently active m em bers.

The Tau Beta Pi Association was founded in 1885 and has elected over 190,000 m em bers into 171 ac ­tive collegiate chapters across the nation.

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Univ. of Texas professor saysF riday , Janu ary 16, 1976 the o bserver 9

Solar energy seen as feasible, but costly(A P) Due to the soaring costs of heating fuels, m any are looking to solr energy to m eet the nation’s future needs.

The cost of installing a solar energy unit to heat and cool a 2 ,0 0 0 -sq u are-fo o t house in A us­tin, Tex., is about $12,500, or $11,000 m ore than a co n ­ventional system burning fossil fuels, says Dr. Gary Vliet, a University of Texas professor.

Much of this cost is in the w ater storage tanks holding 8,- 000 to 12,000 gallons, buried and in su la te d , th a t a re needed to store heat for an average home in a m oderate clim ate for up to th re e co n secu tiv e cloudy, su n ­less days.

The s im p le s t so la r energy c o llec to rs , and the m ost co m ­m only used to d ay , a re ca lled flat plate collectors. They look like sandwiches 3 to 6 feet by 8 to 10 feet, and they’re m ade of g la ss , m e ta l and in su la tio n . A clear top layer of glass or p las­tic allows sunlight to strike a m etal panel. The panel, painted b lack , c o n c e n tra te s the hea t. L iqu id-filled tubes or m oving air ca rry the heat to a storage system which can be a buried tank of w ater or a basem ent full of rock. This system can achieve tem peratures of up to 210 degrees even in winter.

Such sy s tem s eas ily p rov ide heat for buildings when a ir is pumped around the storage unit and back out into rooms. With various adapters, the flat plate collector system also heats w a­te r in hom es and sw im m ing pools, and o p e ra te s ab so rp tio n air conditioners.

“ We can build a storage sys­tem that would hold heat vir­tu a lly fo re v e r ,” sa id J a m e s

L eo n a rd , h ead of the S andia L a b o ra to rie s in Alberquerque, N.M., which has an ERDA con­tract. “But cost is the driving factor.”

A m ore difficult job for solar energy is generating electricity. Two methods are being devel­oped, one u sing co llec ted sun heat and the other d irect con­version of sunlight to power, a process called photovoltaics.

The co llec ted sun sy stem uses concentrators that produce te m p e ra tu re s of 1,000 d eg rees o r m o re w ith su n lig h t. Such p ro ce sses use liqu id to m ove the heat and drive a turbine. They usually a re called “ liquid tran sfe r” system s.

A c o n c e n tra to r inven ted by Ronald Winston, a University of Chicago professor, is a trough­sh ap ed m ir ro r w ith a b lack- coated pipe along the bottom of the trough. Liquid run through the pipe collects heat.

A s im ila r sy s tem is being used by a S and ia L ab o ra to ry te a m , headed by L eonard . In ­s te a d of m ir ro rs , the S andia team is using curved plywood, co a ted w h ite , to sa v e m oney. An oil collects and stores the heat. Leonard said the system can collect up to 600 degrees of h e a t, enough to pow er s team turbines and others that gener­a te electricity.

A nother " liq u id t r a n s f e r ” sy stem un d er s tu d y h as fields of curved m irrors tracking the sun across the sky and reflect­ing its heat onto a globe atop a tow er. L iquid c irc u la te d through the globe is heated and re tu rn e d to a c e n tra l pow er generating station.

D esp ite the p o ss ib ilitie s , widespread use of solar power is limited by the complex fac­tors that influence the nation’s

energy use. There is cost, in­vestm ent in existing energy in­dustries, the availability of oth­er fuels, financing, building and co n s tru c tio n s ta n d a rd s , public acceptance, and even the legal q u e s tio n ,“ Who ow ns su n lig h t? ”

N e v e rth e le ss , n ec ess ity m ay lure people to solar power, if the experience of Bridgeport, a sm all Texas town, is any ex­am ple.

W hen B r id g e p o rt’s 5,000 people refused to pay a ra te in­

crease to the Texas Power & Light Co., the utility threatened to cut off the city.

“ T hey sa id they w ere going to pull the plug on us so we decided to go shopping for oth­er sources of pow er,” said city co u n c ilm an J a c k V an d ev en te r.

W hat they found w as Solar- King Inc. The Reno, Nev., firm o ffe red to in s ta ll a 4.2-m illion k ilo w a tt pow er p a n t o p e ra tin g on sunshine.

The com pany will pay for the

plant and the city will furnish the land. I t ’s expected to be in operation in 1978.

The project will have no fed­eral help and Solar King presi­dent Brian Pardo calls it “ a case of A m erican ingenuity, of the common m an solving a p roblem .”

“ I t’s not the government pro­jection of 1990 when solar ener­gy is going to be a rea lity ,” said Pardo. “ I t ’s a reality now.”

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10 t h e o b s e r v e r Friday, January U , 1976

W rMoslems vs ChristiansReligious civil war continues

By ALEX EFTY Associated P ress W riter

B E IR U T , L ebanon (A P) — M o s le m - C h r is t ia n f ig h t in g raged in Beirut and a score of other points across Lebanon on T h u rsd a y , b r in g in g new ca lls for outside mediation to end the nine-month-old civil war.

At least 17 persons were k illed an d 33 w ounded du rin g th e d ay , b rin g in g th e ov er all casualty toll since April to m ore than 8,800 dead and 26,600 wounded by official count.

The fighting is over Moslem dem ands for political and eco­nom ic re fo rm s an d C h ris tian resistance to them until the governm ent clam ps down on the Palestin ian guerrillas.

In the latest action, Lebanese security forces shelled B eiru t’s M oslem s la u g h te rh o u se slum a re a to s a fe g u a rd a m ain bridge link to the north.

The shelling cam e just a day a f te r C h ris tia n s o v e rra n the sm all Palestinian refugee camp a t Dbaiye, five miles north of the slum battle.

D baiye’s fall and the con tin-

The Super Bowl Game: from a different angle

By JAY SHARBUTT AP Television W riter

NEW YORK (A P) — This Sunday, when the nation pauses for its annual Super Bowl fix­ture on television, a sm all band of young video visionaries will be taping the final p art of their own show about the Super Bowl.

They’re m em bers of Top Val­ue Television — TVT — an in­d e p e n d en t p ro d u ctio n com pany . Their show, which will a ir in mid-M arch on public TV, won’t cover much of the actual Pitts- burgh-D allas joust.

Nope. The TVT gang is ap ­proaching Super Bowl 10 as a kind of sociological phenomena, a b ig -m oney b ash th a t m ixes big business with big sport to produce a m assively publicized event which this year is ea rn ­ing the N atio n al F o o tb a ll L eag u e $3.5 m illion fo r te le ­vision rights alone.

For TVT, the event is the thing. The gam e is secondary. Spokesmen for the TVT workers say it is being done on a budget of $55,000 - or about $175,000 less than the m axim um CBS is charging per m inute for sponsors who don’t norm ally advertise during CBS’ regular season coverage of pro football. CBS says it has m ore than 150 troops a t the Orange Bowl in Miami to help cover the Sunday gam e, not to mention 18 cam eras, four videotape m achines, four re p la y m a ch in e s an d 60 microphones.

TVT, by con trast has but 42 persons working on its project, broken down into seven crews th a t a r e co v e rin g v a r io u s as-

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pects of Super Bowl activity, in the w eek p rec ed in g the gam e and during the gam e.

A llen R u ck er, who is su p e r ­vising the work, says six basic a r e a s a re being in sp e c ted for what will be edited to a 55-min- ute show.

Two concern how the cities of Dallas and P ittsburgh, their foo tball p la y e rs and how the p la y e r s ’ w ives a re re a c tin g to the gam e.

uing Christian blockade of two o th e r re fu g ee ca m p s tr ig g e re d an uproar in the Arab world. A Saudi A rab ian s ta te m e n t sa id the Lebanese crisis “entered a new stage of defiance of hum an values by the siege of the refu­gee c a m p s ” and b lam ed “ e le ­m ents opposed to cooperation.”

The g o v ern m e n t of K uw ait expressed dism ay over “ the provocative clashes initiated by som e g roups a g a in s t P a le s t in ­ian s e tt le m e n ts ,” an d N orth Y em en p roposed the d isp a tc h of a Pan-Arab peacekeeping force to Lebanon.

Shelling of the slum area ca m e a s rig h t-w in g C h ris tian fo rces con tin u ed th e ir push to clear the northeast of the city of pockets of leftist Moslem and P a le s tin ia n g u e r r il la re s is ta n c e co n tro llin g o th e r v ita l ro ad links to the Christian hinterland in the mountains.

The se c u r ity fo rces in te r ­vened a g a in s t M oslem sn ip e rs firing from their “Q uaran tina” slum and stopping traffic over the bridge of the highway next to the shantytown.

The p red o m in an tly C h ris tia n Lebanese arm y is theoretically n e u tra l in the s e c ta r ia n f ig h t­ing. But special arm y rein­forced security squads have in­structions to m aintain order

and keep m ain highways open.Five arm ored ca rs of the se­

curity forces pumped shells in the s q u a re m ile w h ere m ore th an 15,000 of L eb a n o n ’s p o o r­est Moslems live in tightly-packed m akeshift shacks. No casu­

alty toll as available.Rocket and m ortar fire from

C h ris tian ne ighborhoods r in g in g Q u a ra n tin a a lso s la m m e d in to the a rea which was enveloped in thick smoke from num erous fires.

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F rid ay , J an u ary 16, 1976 th e o b s e r v e r 1 1

Collective bargaining evaluated( c o n t i n u e d f r o m p a g e 8)

many. Together with the local chapter of the Aerican Association of U niversity Professors (AAUP), the Senate is sponsoring a series of fora.

Industrial process in education?

The Notre Dame faculty has found, like m any o th e r such groups, that collective bargaining is not a sim ple question to explore.In addition to the initial un­certain ty about the application of an in d u s tr ia l p ro ce ss to an educational institution, it seem s to m any that there a re as many versions of collective bargaining as there a re collectively bargained contracts.

Indeed this last observation is true to the extent that collective b a rg a in in g re la tio n sh ip s v a ry w idely in com position of the bargaining units, issues of con­cern, specificity and legality of agreem ents, as well as a num ber of other points. Once the legal definitions have been exhausted, there rem ain m any areas of un­certainty.

F ederal law defines collective bargaining as “ the perform ance of the m utual obligation of the em ­ployer and the representative of the em p loyees to m ee t a t reasonable tim es and confer in good faith with respect to wages, hours, and other term s and con­ditions of em ployment, or the negotiation of an agreem ent, or

Insurance hours changed

The Student Insurance Office in the Student Infirm ary will have new office hours for the second sem ester. The office will be open daily from 4 to 5:30 p.m. instead of from noon to 1 p.m. as previously.

DC internships(c o n t in u e d f r o m p a g e 1)

“ In the internship, you m eet people and m ake contacts. I m eet! a lot of congressm en and senators a t work and a t parties who w ere very nice. “The people that you m eet can help you get a good job afte r g raduation,” Williams noted.

Williams sta ted that she was som ewhat disappointed because she did not see as much of Washington as she would have liked. “ Also, I think we could have learned m ore if we had worked more in our internships. I was here to learn m ore from the ex­perience than from lectures and read ings,” she stated.

“ I could criticize everything, though. It really is w hat thes tu d e n t m ak es i t , ” concluded Williams.

any question arising thereunder, and the execution of a written contract in c o rp o ra tin g any agreem ent reached if requested by either party , but such obligation does not compel either party to agree to a proposal or require the making of a concession.”

Section seven of the NLRA sta tes, “ Em ployees shall have the right to self-organization, to form, join or assist labor organizations, to bargain collectively through r e p re s e n ta t iv e s of th e ir own choosing, and to engage in other concerted activities for the pur­pose of collective bargaining or m utual aid or protection, and shall also have the right to refra in from any or all such activ ities...”

Sanctioned by AAUP

Sanctioned by law in 1970, - collective bargaining in higher education received official sanc­tion from the AAUP in 1972. Recognizing the involvement of a num ber of its local chap ters,the AAUP voted overwhelmingly a t its Annual Meeting

Jo se p h D uffey , g en e ra l secretary of the AAUP, claimed that the 1972 decision “was based in large part, on the belief that collective bargaining can serve to a d v a n ce the m ost im p o rta n t principles of the AAUP.” I his preface to the AAUP-published P rim er on Collective Bargaining for College and University Faculty, Duffey lists these principles as “ the need for tenure to secure academ ic freedom ; the need for academ ic due process, with peer judgem ent the essential ingredient in faculty personnel decisions; the central role of the faculty in the governance of their institutions; and the need to a ttain and secure econom ic ju s t ic e fo r the professoriate.”

“We have experience now,” Duffey sta tes, “ to conclude that collective bargaining can, where other m eans have failed, work to establish a strong and meaningful faculty voice ’consistent with the best features of higher education.’ But this has occurred ,” he warns, “ only w h ere the p a r t ic ip a n ts clearly understood their goals and the m eans they selected to pursue them .”

Collective contracts examinedIn its second report on collective

b a rg a in in g , the N otre Dame Faculty Senate com m ittee cited "P rincip les of bilateralism and shared governance in m atte rs of academ ic financial priorities” and “gains in com pensation” as goals - of faculty bargaining units. Te report listed provisions of recent A A U P -n e g o tia te d c o l le c t iv e bargaining contracts aim ed at achieving those goals.

Such contracts, the com m ittee noted, require approval of a fac u lty a p p o in tm e n ts and promotions com m ittee in all ad ­m inistration appointm ents to the faculty. In cases in which a tenure recom m endation m ade by the faculty com m ittee is overturned by the a d m in is tra tio n , they provide for appeal to a university wide com m ittee, whose decision is fina l and b ind ing . P erso n s selected as chairm en or deans m ust be nom inated by faculty m ajority or by an elected com ­m itte e in th e a p p ro p r ia te academ ic unit, under these con­tracts. They also establish binding grievance procedures to protect fac u lty m e m b e rs ’ ac ad e m ic freedom and tenure rights, ac­cording to the Senate com m ittee report.

In ad d itio n , th ese c o n tra c ts require that the adm inistration m ake available to the faculty represen tative detailed financial inform ation “so that it can make responsible proposals which may include general sa lary increases, m e ri t in c re a se s , rem o v a l of inequities, sa lary m inim a, and fringe benefit im provem ents,” the com m ittee stated.

Following its exam ination of the goals of collective bargaining at other institutions and the methods of achieving them , the Faculty Senate report addressed itself to the q u es tio n of co llec tiv e bargaining a t Notre Dame.

“The present situation a t Notre D am e,” the com m ittee concluded, “ shows increasingly a tendency toward a m anagem ent-em ployee ra th e r than a collegial relationship between adm istration and faculty.

A num ber of channels for faculty in v o lv em en t in u n iv e rs ity governance are specified in the A cadem ic M anual, the re p o r t continued, “but it reserves to the adm inistration large areas for ac tio n an d dec ision -m ak ing without input from the faculty .”

Academic Manual ignored

“ In a reas where faculty inputs to decision are specified,” the report charged, “ the recom m endations of the fac u lty m ay be ign o red ; n e ith e r accountability nor g rie v a n c e p ro ce d u re s a re provided ”

In an appendix to the main re p o r t, the S enate co m m ittee detailed four instances in which the a d m in is tra tio n fa iled to comply with the provisions of the Academic Manual. Two cases involved a p p o in tm e n ts of a d ­m in istrators and two involved ir re g u la r i t ie s in u n iv e rs ity governance procedures relating to the reorganization of the G raduate School in 1971 and of the Radiation Laboratory in 1974-75.

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In the two form er cases, the report stated , “ It is not the claim or suggestion of this report that u n q u a lif ied p e rso n s w ere a p ­pointed to the academ ic positions in question. The point,” the report stressed , “ is ra th e r that faculty p a r tic ip a tio n in the ac a d e m ic governance of the U niversity was denied by the T rustees and the A dm inistration of the University, even in cases w here there w ere c learly defined procedures and s ta te m e n ts for such p a r ­t ic ip a tio n ...e n d o rse d by the P residen t of the University and the Board of T rustees.”

It seem s unlikely that g rea ter involvem ent in governance will be achieved for the faculty through the present channels open to the

F aculty Senate,” the report stated.The adm inistration has yet to

acknowledge receipt of Senate com m ittee reports on the ap­p o in tm e n ts an d p rom otions process, the legal implications of re lig io u s p re fe re n c e in e m ­ploym ent a t Notre Dame, and a request for a faculty sa lary in­crease , the report stated.

“ I think the com plaints people have a re very re a l,” one professor sta ted , “and I am by no means satisfied with the sta tus quo. I just don’t think collective bargaining is the answ er.”

A nsw er or no, co llec tiv e bargaining is certainly a very real question and one which shall un­doubtedly continue to arise at Notre Dame.

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T rans fe r s tuden t needs basketball season ticket. Call 1081, ask for Kent.

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Wanted: six t ickets for M aryland ND basketball gam e- Jan . 31; Call Mike or Ann a f te r 6 p.m. a t 272- 5884.

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U P W A R D BOU ND w is h e s a prosperous second s e m e s te r for the following volunteer tu to re rs

Liz A dam son E d w ard Alexander Clinton Berry Karl Blette Vincent Brolley Albert Ca llahan John Delaney Dee Devlin Bob Froeh lke J a m e s Gajewski Carlos Gutierrez Bill Henry Steve Konstant Kweku Laast Reyn LentzB a rb a ra M ackey J a m e s M artin Deborah M c lve r John M eyers G ary Pelke M a ry Lynn Piha E l le n R o c h e l e a u M ic h a e l RoohenRobert Stell R o sem ary Tlr innanzi Donna Townsend Tony Wesley Belinda White M a rk Grove T hom a s Lillen

Roland B. Smith, Jr . ,A c t ing Director

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1 2 the o b se rv e r Friday, January 16, 1976

Cagers in Cincy to face Xavierby Rich Odioso

Rockin’ steady a com paratively easy part

chedule D igger’s Irish will Cincinnati Saturday a l­io take on unsung Xavier,

k e r’s M usketeers stand 7-5 eason afte r winning the last nes over Canisius and St.

ihrougt of the s

ternoor T ay Ba on the s two ga J o se p h ’s o f Pennsylvania.

The two team s have had only one i immon opponent to date - Kent State. The Irish downed the ( I olden F lashes 90-61 in the season opener while X avier lost to Kent < i 7 i during the M arshall In-

itationalThis is Notre D am e’s first visit to

ti e Queen City afte r home gam es with the M uskies each of the last three years. X avier has been an easy touch for the Irish in the past with Notre D am e holding victories by m argins of 26, 43 and 38 points.

T he c o n te s t w as o r ig in a lly p lan n ed fo r C in c in n a ti’s new R iv e rfro n t C o lliseum b u t the Soviet Circus was already booked so instead the 2 p.m . EST tip-off will be in the dilapidated Cin­cinnati G ardens best known for its defuncting of the NBA Royals.

“ They’re a scrappy team that runs its patterns w ell,” says Notre

D am e assistan t F rank McLaughlin of X avier, “They have a num ber of good new players and they’re better than in years past. We should be favored but still strange

Indeed they can - the last team to play a t X avier, St. Joseph’s (P a .), fouled out e ig h t p la y e rs an d finished the gam e with only two players on the court.

L ead ing M usketeer point p ro d u c e rs a re fo rw ard Dale H aarm an and guard Gary Whit­field each averaging around 17 points per gam e. Both s ta rted their college ca reers elsewhere, H aarm an spending a year at Mississippi State while Whitfield is a transfer from Brewer Junior College in Alabama.

W hitfield’s backcourt m ate is freshm an Terrence Daniels who prefers to be called Nick. He’s hitting twelve points a gam e. Baker has been shuffling his lineup lately although Joe Sunderm an has been s ta r t in g a t c e n te r an d Tony Hubbard figures to be the other forward. Mike Plunkett, X avier’s leading scorer a year ago, has been relegated to a sixth m an role but he still hits ten points per contest.

Gone is G ary Deidrick who broke Adrian D antley’s nose in a crun­ching ACC collision one year ago. That helped lim it A.D. to 23 points as the Irish cruised 96-58.

D antley’s 33 points in Wed­nesday’s 119-78 thrashing of Ball St­a te ra is e d the A ll-A m erica ’s scoring average to 28.3 ppg. A.D. h as rec o v e re d from the disastrous M anhattan gam e both in his scoring and in his shooting

The Irish will try to extend their winning streak to four gam es against X avier tom orrow.

things can happen on the road .” percentage. His 13 of 19 against Ball S tate puts his percentage back up to .602.

Dave Batton began picking up the slack left by the ineligibility of Bill Laim beer with a season high 17b points and 9 rebounds. Batton is now averaging 8.4 points per gam e third on the team to Duck Williams 9.2. B atton’s 17 points

ND hockey team hopingto rebound a

by E rnie Torriero

In w hat m ay prove to be the turning point of the Notre Dam e hockey season, the Irish travel to Ann Arbor, M ichigan to battle the always m ighty Wolverines. Face- off is sla ted for 7:30 EST a t the Yost arena.

“On p ap e r,” Notre D am e coach Lefty Smith explained, “ Michigan is about as good as the best team s in the country. They have to have the best personal in the league.”

If the W olversines a re tha t good, their record certain ly does not indicate it. F or Michigan is presently m ired in a fourth place tie with Colorado College in the WCHA. The Wolves have 18 points, ju st two points ahead of the Irish who Solely own sixth place. F or having the best people in the

league, the Maize and Blue sport a mediocre 9-7 ECHA record.

“They have big strong defen- sem en,” Smith further argued. “Michigan moves the puck around very w ell.”

Though the Wolverines have yet to put it all together, they do earn the title of one of the m ost ex­plosive team s in collegiate hockey.

Juniors P a t Hughes and Doug Lindskog head up the list of im ­pressive forwards. Hughes (8 goals and 12 assists) and Lindskog (nine goals and 14 assists) ranked three and four on M ichigan’s scoring list last season.

Yet it is junior right winger Kris M anery which is chruning up the Michigan scoring column. "I wish I had a whole team of M anery’s ,” W olverine coach D an F a r re l l bellowed. “ He plays his position well, skates hard all the tim e and

was the highest total by an Irish player other than Dantley whose lowest point production is 18.

The .563 team shooting against Ball S tate raised the Irish shooting average on the year to .502. Notre

Dam e is outscoring its opponents 87.4 to 71.5.

The Irish return W ednesday to host St. Joseph’s of Indiana in a

final w arm up tilt prior to the c ru c ia l e ig h t d ay s th a t find nationally ranked UCLA, De Paul and M aryland a l l ' invading the ACC. Before all tha t though, Notre Dame m ust deal with X avier about whom McLaughlin is tr ite but true in saying a win Saturday on national TV will m ake their whole season.

Len Moher and John Peterson will once again share the goal-tending duties a s the Irish face M ichigan this weekend.

has a trem endous head about him on the ice.” M anery has netted 19 goals and 11 assists, giving him 55 career goals which places him in a tie for 16th p la ce am ong M ichigan’s all-tim e goal scorers.

Michigan is exceptionally strong in goal where All-American Robbie Moore occupies the position. In just under 18 gam es, Moore boasts a 4.9 goals-against average.

For only the third tim e in eight seasons, Notre Dame en ters the last half of their schedule with a winning percentage. The first two tim es this happened was the initial two years of Notre Dam e hockey. This figure is an im portant one because if Notre Dam e puts on the kind of late season surge that they have been known to do in the past, the result could be a high WCHA finish.

This w eekend’s play will m ark the th ird an d fo u rth tim es M ichigan and Notre D am e have m et this season. In early November the team s split a two gam e series a t Notre Dam e. The Irish won F riday night 5-3 behind the tw o-goal e ffo rt of K evin Nugent. Angie M oretto’s hat trick powered the Wolverines to a 9-6 win the following night.

Notre Dame will once again be without the services of junior wing Alex P irus. P irus has m issed the last five gam es afte r injuring a knee in practice. The 6-1, 210 pound P irus has netted 17 goals and 10 assists. He plays on Notre D am e’s prem ier line with Brian Walsh and Clark Hamilton each of whom have 32 points on the season. His place will be taken by senior

Tim Byers.“ I didn’t think we would m iss

P irus as much as we do, ” Smith confided. “He really is a spark plug and we m issed his presence last w eekend.”

Once again sophomores Len Moher and John Peterson will share the goal-tending duties. E arlie r in the year, Moher turned away 48 Wolverine drives in a 9-6 loss. Moher played exceptionally well in the 4-4 overtim e tie with Minnesota Saturday night posting 48 saves in the contest.

The rise or dem ise, whichever, of the Notre D am e hockey squad m ay be heard locally over the radio waves of WSND and WNDU.

Observer

SportsWrestlers host dual meet against DePauw, MTSUThe Notre Dame w restling team

will face DePauw University and Middle Tennessee State University a t home in a double m atch this Saturday a t lp.m.

The Notre Dame w restling team cam e off the long holiday break on a sour note last Saturday as they dropped a 24-12 decision to the M arquette W arriors in Milwaukee.There was one bright spot for the

Irish however. Senior co-captain DaveBoyer, m aking his first ap ­pearance of the year, was vic­torious a t 158 with a 4-1 decision. That decision gives Boyer 51 career victories, eclipsing the Notre Dam e ca ree r victories record of 50 held by Ken Ryan and A1 Rocek. The Michigan native has a career record of 51-19-5, a .732 percentage. M ike M e rrim a n (126), P e te Murphy (142) and Rob D reger (177)

were the other Irish w inners. The score was 12-all going into the 190 and heavyweight m atches, where for the third tim e this season,the lack of a big m an m eant the dif­ference as the W arriors scored on a pin and forfeit.

The addition of Notre Dame footballers Bob Golic and Joe Pszerackito the Irish roster is the long-awaitedstrength a t the top two weight classes needed by coach Ray S epeta’s squad. Golic, a freshm an, was last y e a r ’s Ohio H eavyw eigh t Schoolboy C ham ­pion,and Pszeracki is a vereran senior a t 190.

The Irish will beon the road the following W ednesday and Thur­sday nights as they travel east to meet Cleveland S tate and Slippery Rock State on successive nights.

Kush, Maurer top Coaches

ST. LOUIS (A P ) — F ra n k K ush and D ave M a u re r , who g rew up le ss th a n 60 m iles a p a r t in w e s te rn P e n n sy lv a n ia an d w hose only coach ing jobs h av e sp a n n ed 21 y e a rs ap iec e a t the sam e schools, won the coveted Coach of the Y ear a w a rd s T h u rsd ay from the A m erican Football Coaches As­sociation.

Kush, 46, who cam e to Ari­zona State in 1955 and has been head coach for 18 years, was nam ed m ajor college Coach of the Y ear for leading the Sun Devils to the best record in the country—12-0—and a No. 2 n a­tional ranking in 1975. Arizona S tate capped its cam paign with a 17-14 trium ph over N ebraska in the F iesta Bowl.

M aurer, 43, won the honor in the College Division for the sec­

ond tim e in th ree years. In sev­en years as W ittenberg’s head coach, afte r 14 seasons as an a s s is ta n t , he h a s co m p iled a record of 60-10-2, including a 1 i- 1 m ark last fall and a third NCAA D iv ision I II n a tio n a l championship.

M aurer’s ca ree r winning p er­centage of .833 m akes him the w in n in g est coach in th e coun ­try, one point ahead of Penn S ta te ’s Joe P aterno .

"My m other alw ays told me that honesty is the best policy, and to be quite honest I ’m a l i t t le e m b a r ra s s e d ,” M a u re r said in accepting his aw ard. “ If you have the good fortune to have a good team and a good coaching staff, one of these aw ards should be all the law a l­lows. To receive two...well, my cup runneth over.