notes_satellite communication - 6 dbs dth

8/18/2019 Notes_Satellite Communication - 6 DBS DTH

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Satellite CommunicationSatellite CommunicationLecture 6Lecture 6

Direct-to-Home Satellite Television

Broadcasting and S-DARS

http://we!uetta"ila!edu!p#/$%S/teS$ms/http://we!uetta"ila!edu!p#/$%S/teS$ms/

http://web.uettaxila.edu.pk/CMS/teSCms/http://web.uettaxila.edu.pk/CMS/teSCms/http://web.uettaxila.edu.pk/CMS/teSCms/


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OverviewOverview &ntroduction DTH S'stems

( DTH S'stems Architecture( Basic )lements o* DTH S'stem and Signal +lowBasic )lements o* DTH S'stem and Signal +low( $ompression S'stem Arrangement$ompression S'stem Arrangement( DTH $onsiderationsDTH $onsiderations

( DTH S'stems around the worldDTH S'stems around the world( DTH Service SatellitesDTH Service Satellites

Satellite Digital Audio Radio Service( Satellite Radio Broadcast $oncept( S-DARS ArchitectureS-DARS Architecture

( ,orldSpace( Sirius Satellite RadioSirius Satellite Radio( % Satellite Radio% Satellite Radio( &ssues and .pportunities related to S-DARS&ssues and .pportunities related to S-DARS


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IntroductionIntroduction

DTH s'stems are designed to transmitentertainment T programming to home-receiving)arth terminals 0or1 simpl'1 home receivers2!

This is a natural e"tension o* T distriution '

satellite1 utili3ing the area-coverage and singleservice provider *eatures o* the technolog'! DTH s'stems1 also called Direct Broadcast

Satellite1 emplo' either the BSS allocations1 whichare intended *or this use1 or the +SS allocations as

one o* a numer o* possile applications! This choice has some important implications1 'et

the end result is the same to the user


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Introduction (contd.)Introduction (contd.)

,e *ocus on the nature o* DTH services and the various*actors that must e addressed to assure a success*ulintroduction o* these services:( The programming mi"1 *or e"ample1 the 4uantit'1 variet'1

language options1 and degree o* interactivit'1 must competewith other DTH s'stems and deliver' mechanisms 0e!g!1 cale

T1 A% and +% radio1 audio $Ds1 &nternet delivered %5 *iles1cassette and DD rental27

( Receiving e4uipment - its a**ordailit'1 convenience o*installation and use1 integration with other video and audiodevices1 and aesthetics7

( Acceptailit' o* the service price and an e**ective means tocollect pa'ment7

( &ncompatiilities with the other DTH1 radio1 and cale Ts'stems1 which are dependent on the nature o* the usinessplan7

( $onditional access and scramling in order to deal withcop'rights1 privac'1 collection1 regulations1 and content rules0which ma' e"ist in the countr' mar#ets o* interest27

( 8plin#ing s'stem1 including redundanc'1 strength1 program

development and contriution *acilities!


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DTH SystemsDTH Systems

)"perience with DTH s'stems has shownthat the service must e attractive ascompared to other *orms o* videodistriution7

and access to the programming ' theconsumer must e properl' controlled! The competition etween deliver' media is

highl' variale etween countries! e!g!there is more intense competition in 8S

while much lesser in 89 and apan The ma;or elements o* a DTH s'stem are

shown in +igure 6!


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DTH Systems ArchitectureDTH Systems Architecture


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DTH System ArchitectureDTH System Architecture

,e rie*l' summari3e the overallarchitecture o* a DTH program deliver's'stem such as that used *or commercialpurposes!

&t encompasses the uplin# s'stems *ordigiti3ing1 compressing1 and transmittingmultiple television programs using the DB-S standard1 *or e"ample!

.ther elements are re4uired *or thecontriution o* the programs1 storage andswitching o* video signals1 and themanagement o* DTH as a customer service!


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Basic Elements o DTH System andBasic Elements o DTH System andSi!nal "lowSi!nal "low

The ma;or elements o* DTH s'stem arelisted as *ollows as indicated in +igure 6!$: $ontrols the space segment and monitors spacecra*t

health7 eri*ies that transmissions to satellite do not cause

inter*erence7 5rovided ' satellite operator 0usuall' a separate

compan'27 Limited communication re4uired etween DTH networ#

operator and satellite operator!


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( Broadcast center: .riginates1 ac4uires1 and transmits program

material7 =enerall' centrali3ed1 with no or limited

ac#up7 5art o* conditional access s'stem!

( $ustomer service:

Billing and customer turn-on-o**7 $ustomer assistance!


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These are the ma;or elements1 and thereare man' vital components and *unctionshidden within each!

+or e"ample1 customer service is involved

with connecting and controlling individualsuscriers! However1 how the' otain their e4uipment

in the *irst place and have it installed hasturned into an industr' all its own!

.wnership and operation o* the satellitescan e internal or ta#en as a service *rom apro*essional satellite operator!


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A more detailed con*iguration o* the operatingcomponents is presented in +igure 6!!

At the top o* the diagram we *ind the servicemanagement *unctions o* the networ#!

These manage the interaction with the customerover the telephone and &nternet1 and provide themeans to download 55 movie selections on amonthl' asis!

&t also ties into the $A segment1 which authori3esindividual &RDs over the space segment!

The technical *unctions at the ottom o* thediagram show the ph'sical production andtransmission *acilities1 *rom content input throughaseand processing and on up to the satellite!


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The asic arrangement o* the uplin#compression-encoding-modulationchain and downlin# demodulation-

decoding-decompression chain ispresented in +igure 6!?!


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Basic Elements o DTH System and Si!nalBasic Elements o DTH System and Si!nal"low#"low# Com$ression System Arran!ement


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The uplin# compression elements arecontained within the roadcast center )arthstation such as that shown in +igure 6!@ *orD&R)$T!

This includes e4uipment that digiti3es andtime division multiple"es the video1 audio1and data in*ormation!

&n large networ#s1 etween @ and


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The compression s'stems themselves*all into two categories:( 0


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DTH ConsiderationsDTH Considerations

DTH is a deliver' vehicle *orprogramming1 where the receiver islocated with and proal' owned '

the end user! &n the ideal case1 speci*ics li#e the

t'pe o* receiver1 si3e o* antenna1

signal *ormat1 and satellite design aresecondar'!


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The emphasis should e on ma#ing it eas'and relativel' ine"pensive *or thesuscrier1 since their interest is in theprogramming and the cost o* getting accessto it!

The 4ualit' o* satellite-delivered digitalvideo is as good as or superior to cale or

over-the-air roadcasting7 hence1 thepicture 4ualit' will proal' not e adi**erentiating *actor!


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The area where 4ualit' is seen as anegative is at $-and where users have tocontend with terrestrial inter*erence!

9u-and s'stems1 while generall' *ree *romterrestrial inter*erence1 are su;ect to rain*ade1 which produces occasional outages!

.nce this prolem is solved through

ade4uate lin# design and margin1suscriers will ne"t e drawn ' adesirale arra' o* programming!


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The Asian environment has man' opportunitiesecause o* the primitive nature o* the DTHindustr' in the region!

$ale T is a viale usiness in developedcountries and cit'-states7 $hina1 &ndia1 and

&ndonesia have large populations that are hungr'*or more and etter entertainment! $hina now has a DTH plat*orm operating on

Sinosat! &mportantl'1 mone' *lows easil' into ma;or

pro;ects and usiness ventures! This has *ueled the creation o* several new satellite

operators and the development o* the largestsatellite mar#et in the world!


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DTH Systems around the worldDTH Systems around the world


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DTH Service SatellitesDTH Service Satellites


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Satellite Di!ital Audio %adio Service

S-DARS s'stems deliver a multiple"edcomination o* several audio programchannels transmitted directl' to automoilereceivers1 portale radios1 and homes usingspecial *re4uenc' allocations in the regiono* L- and S-ands!

S-DARS overcomes the range limitation o*

terrestrial +% radio roadcasting andprovides 4ualit' o* sound comparale toother digital *ormats such as %5 andpossil' $D!


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Satellite Di!ital Audio %adio Service

Satellites have een used to deliver audio programming *ordecades1 ut these s'stems were directed toward *i"edinstallations at radio stations and commercial uildings!

Additionall'1 DTH s'stems t'picall' include a pac#age o*music channels that can e pla'ed through the T set!

,hat sets the new S-DARS apart is that it provides coverageto automoiles and portale radios1 and o**ers some uni4ueprogram *ormats not popular enough to sustain themselvesas commercial operations!

Thus1 we have a new generation o* direct roadcastingservices to provide universal coverage o* radio-li#e servicesto the general pulic!

Begun in A*rica as a *ree1 advertiser-supported service ',orldSpace1 S-DARS has een propelled into a potentiall'ma;or satellite usiness *or suscriers who are willing topa' a monthl' *ee 0e!g!1 pa' radio2 a#in to what is alread'standard *or cale and DTH T 0e!g!1 pa' T2!


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Satellite %adio Broadcast Conce$t

Satellite radio roadcasting is not so di**erent *rom Tprogram distriution and in *act shares man' o* the sameprinciples and components!

+irst use o* dedicated satellite audio was ' %u3a#1 acompan' that delivered elevator music in the


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S&DA%S ArchitectureS&DA%S Architecture


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S&DA%S ArchitectureS&DA%S Architecture

The actual roadcast transmission is*airl' standard1 as in T1 usinganalog-to-digital conversion1

compression appropriate to thecontent1 *orward error correction1modulation1 and R+ ampli*ication!

The satellite to e used ma' e a

ent-pipe design with su**icient )&R5to allow the use o* portale orvehicular receivers!


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"irst Introduction o S&DA%S'orldS$ace

,orldSpace was *ounded in


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Sirius Satellite %adioSirius Satellite %adio

Sirius Satellite Radio is a commercial radio roadcastingcompan'1 pulicl' traded and head4uartered in the heart o*Eew For# $it'!

Both Sirius and % provide a programming pac#age within atotal o* aout @ %ps comprising


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* Satellite %adio* Satellite %adio

% Satellite Radio was *irst to mar#et in the 8nited States1providing a comparale programming pac#age to Sirius utusing the standard =). satellite approach!

The two high-power Boeing C S-DARS satellites1 namedRoc# and Roll1 were launched on %arch


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Issues and O$$ortunities related toIssues and O$$ortunities related toS&DA%SS&DA%S

Satellite-ased S-DARS has man' advantages inthe mar#et1 some o* which are apparent and someo* which are underl'ing!

+rom a practical perspective1 services li#e % andSirius o**er more audio programming options than

one can possil' receive ' A%/+% radio at an'given time! $oupled with this is the added *eature that the

same channel complement is availale throughoutthe countr' according to a constant name andnumer assignment!

Audio 4ualit' is comparale to clear +% receptionand the radios have the added *eature o*displa'ing the channel numer and speci*ic pieceeing pla'ed!

5erhaps the iggest issue in *ront o* S-DARS is

that a suscription *ee seems to e needed to


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There are ris#s in this mar#et1 asman' such pro;ects *ailed!

Becoming a mainstream service ta#en

' millions o* pa'ing suscriers isstill onl' an e"pectation at est ordream at worst!

Toda'1 there are aout million DTHService suscriers in the 8nitedStates!


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The true potential o* S-DARS lies in the need to change theattitude o* the radio listener1 who is now accustomed to *reeservice 0supported through a continuous stream o*advertising or re4uests *or donations2!

Being ale to get the speci*ic channels that interest 'ou1possil' without commercial interruption1 represents a new

#ind o* mar#et that at times seems a lu"ur'! $onsider1 *or e"ample1 that people in the 8nited States are

willing to pa' more *or ottled water than *or gasoline! The nominal I


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notes_satellite communication - 6 dbs dth

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