notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase
DESCRIPTION
These notes are for Heat and Thermal Energy Labs (Formerly the Yellow LabGuide)TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Investigating Heat and Temperature
![Page 2: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Lab Stations:Lab Stations: Lab 3: “Energy on the Move” Pages 23 - 42
Lab 4: “It’s Just a Phase” Pages 43 - 55
![Page 3: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Energy on the Move:Energy on the Move:Investigating Energy TransferInvestigating Energy Transfer
![Page 4: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Objectives:Objectives: The student will:
Compare and Contrast the transfer of energy by conduction, convection and radiation while providing and explaining common examples of each
![Page 5: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Objectives:Objectives: Investigate and understand practical and technological applications of thermal energy
Explain how a coiled thermostat works
![Page 6: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Key Terms:Key Terms: Thermal Conductor Thermal Insulator
![Page 7: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Thermal Conductor Any substance
that conducts, absorbs energy and increases temperature quickly allowing thermal energy to collect and pass through it
![Page 8: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Thermal Insulator Any substance
that does not allow the transfer of thermal energy or impedes thermal energy transfer
![Page 9: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Essential Learnings Materials that allow energy to
move through them are called thermal conductors
Metals generally conduct thermal energy well but at different rates Depending on the metal’s density
![Page 10: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Essential Learnings Convection is the transfer of
thermal energy within fluids and gases (air is considered a fluid for this purpose) by the movement of molecules from place to place.
Molecules carry the energy with them
![Page 11: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Essential Learnings The circular motion of fluids
(related to temperature) due to density differences is known as convection currents
![Page 12: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Essential Learnings Radiation is the transmission of
energy in the form of electromagnetic waves
Radiation travels in transverse waves
This type of energy does not require matter to transfer
![Page 13: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
P4 P4 It’s Just a Phase:It’s Just a Phase:Investigating Phase Investigating Phase ChangesChanges
![Page 15: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Objectives
The student will illustrate and explain the results of the addition and subtraction of thermal energy on the motion of molecules
![Page 16: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Objectives The student will:
Create and examine a temperature graph of phase changes
Label each phase change Determine Freezing, melting, condensation and boiling points from a graph
![Page 17: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Key Terms:Key Terms: Phase Change Freezing Point Melting Point Boiling Point Vaporization Condensation
![Page 18: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Phase Change When matter
transforms from a solid to a liquid or to a gas Ice Water
Water Vapor
![Page 19: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Freezing Point The
temperature or point when a liquid becomes a solid
Water Ice
![Page 20: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Melting Point The
temperature or point when a solid substance turns into a liquid
Ice water
![Page 21: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Freezing & Melting Melting and
Freezing points are actually the same temperature!
![Page 22: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Boiling Point The maximum
temperature at which a liquid can remain in liquid form before turning to vapor or gas
![Page 23: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Vaporization When a liquid
becomes a gas Water Steam
(water vapor)
![Page 24: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Condensation Point The
temperature or point when vapor becomes a liquid
Vapor Cloud rain
![Page 25: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Boiling & Condensation Boiling and
Condensation points are actually the same temperature!
![Page 26: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Essential Learnings: Vaporization is the change of
state from liquid to gas Condensation is the change
of state from gas to liquid Both processes take place at
the boiling point of a substance
![Page 27: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Essential Learnings: The melting/freezing point and
boiling/condensing point for a pure substance are characteristic properties Pure water melts/freezes at 0oC, and it
boils/vaporizes at 100oC at 1 atmosphere air pressure (sea level)
Higher above sea level
![Page 28: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Essential Learnings: As thermal energy is added to a
system the temperature does not always increase Temperature will not increase
during a phase change This is because the energy is needed
to break down the physical forces that bond the molecules to one another
![Page 29: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Essential Learnings: Phase changes are indicated by
a horizontal or flat line with no slope, called a plateau Water has two plateaus during
heating One at freezing(melting point) One at vaporization (boiling point)
![Page 30: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Essential Learnings: All solids are “Frozen” Freezing is not necessarily “cold’ The freezing point is the temperature
at which a liquid becomes a solid For a pure substance freezing point
is a characteristic property and is independent of the amount of the substance
![Page 31: Notes yb lab 3 and lab 4 heat energy on the move and its just a phase](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062514/558e512a1a28abf77a8b45c7/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Essential Learnings: A substances’ cooling graph shows a
plateau at condensation point and the freezing point
The temperature will remain constant during the entire phase change
After the phase change cooling continues until thermal equilibrium is reached