Notes

As full publication details of relevant editions are contained in the Bibliogra­phy they are omitted from these Notes. Similarly, full details of the location of reviews and articles, if unspecified here, may be found in the Bibliogra­phy.

Introduction

1. Geraldine Jewsbury (anonymously), review of Hide and Seek, Athen­aeum, 24 June 1854. See Norman Page (ed.) Wilkie Collins: The Critical Heritage, p. 55.

2. Wilkie Collins, Basil, p. 160. 3. Quoted in Lawrence Stone, The Family, Sex and Marriage in England

1500-1800, p. 316. 4. Francis E. Paget, Lucretia, or the Heroine of the Nineteenth Century: A

Correspondence, Sensational and Sentimental, p. 310. 5. Henry Fielding Dickens, Recollections of Sir Henry Dickens KC, p. 54. 6. F. R. Leavis, The Great Tradition, p.17. 7. Ibid, p. 10 8. 'Wilkie Collins and Charles Dickens', in T. S. Eliot, Selected Essays,

p.468. 9. Matthew Lewis, The Monk, p. 362.

10. Winifred Hughes, The Maniac in the Cellar: Sensation Novels of the 1860s, p.70.

11. For an extended discussion of 'structures of feeling', see Raymond Williams, Marxism and Literature, pp. 128-35.

12. Page, Wilkie Collins, p. 112. The discussion relating specifically to The Woman in White in Margaret Oliphant's unsigned review, 'Sensation Novels' is reprinted in this volume, but Oliphant's highly suggestive preliminary remarks are cut short, associating the vogue for the sensa­tion novel with a transformed social climate in the early 1860s. Thus some future references will be to the review in its original setting of Blackwood's Magazine.

13. Charles W. Wood, Memorials of Mrs Henry Wood, pp. 234, 283. 14. Marilyn Butler, Jane Austen and the War of Ideas (Oxford: Oxford Univer-

sity Press, 1975). 15. Page, Wilkie Collins, p. 11l. 16. See Robert L. Wolff, 'Devoted Disciple', pp. 5-35 and 129-61. 17. Page, Wilkie Collins, p. 111. 18. Ibid.

169

170 Notes

19. Ibid, p. 112. 20. Henry James (anonymously), 'Miss Braddon', Nation, 9 November

1865. Page, Wilkie Collins, p. 122. 21. John Goode, '1848 and the Strange Disease of Modern Love', in John

Lucas (ed.), Literature and Politics in the Nineteenth Century, pp. 45-76. 22. Wilkie Collins, Antonina, vol. I, p. 114. 23. Ibid, p. 91. 24. Bentley's Miscellany, November 1852. Page, Wilkie Collins, p. 46. 25. Collins, Basil, p. 27. 26. See Nuel Pharr Davis, The Life of Wilkie Collins, pp. 116-17, for a discus-

sion of Collins, Dickens and the fourth Earl of Chesterfield. 27. Collins, Basil, p. 130. 28. Ibid, p. 294. 29. Ibid, pp. 32,36, 40. 30. Ibid, p. 44. 31. Ibid, p. 249. 32. Ibid, p. 20. 33. Ibid, p. 37. 34. Ibid, p. 39. 35. Wilkie Collins, The Dead Secret, p. 359. 36. H. L. Mansel, untitled review of sensation novels, pp. 482-3. 37. Ibid, p. 483. 38. Dickens to Mrs Brookfield, 20 February 1866. Walter Dexter (ed.),

The Letters of Charles Dickens, vol. III, p. 461. 39. Terry Eagleton, Marxism and Literary Criticism, pp. 34-5. 40. Marx, The German Ideology, p. 60. 41. Dick Hebdige, Subculture: The Meaning of Style, p. 11. 42. Terry Eagleton, Literary Theory: an Introduction, p. 173. 43. Raymond Williams, Politics and Letters, p. 169. 44. Ibid, p. 172. 45. Ibid, p. 167. 46. Ibid, pp. 167-8. 47. Ibid, p. 168. 48. Wilkie Collins, The Woman in White, p. 21. 49. Ibid, p. 25. SO. Jonathan Dollimore, Radical Tragedy: Religion, Ideology and Power in

the Drama of Shakespeare and his Contemporaries, p. 277. 51. See Kirk H. Beetz, 'Wilkie Collins and The Leader'. A succession of

reviews and articles in The Leader is established as being by Collins, while the attribution to him of others is slightly more speculative.

52. 'A Score of New Books', The Leader, IV (9 July 1853) 669. 53. 'New Books', The Leader, IV (4 June 1853) 548. 54. The slogan is the title of a well-known essay by Roland Barthes. See

his Image-Music-Text, pp. 142-8. 55. Mrs Henry Wood, East Lynne, p. 419. 56. Ibid, p. 508. 57. Collins, The Woman in White, p. 25. 58. Page, Wilkie Collins, p. 119.

Notes 171

1 'Dim Oblivion of Right and Wrong'

1. Nathaniel Beard, 'Some Recollections of Yesterday', pp. 321, 322. 2. Wilkie Collins, My Miscellanies, p. 11. 3. Thomas Carlyle, On Heroes, Hero-Worship, and the Heroic in History,

in H. D. Traill (ed.), The Works of Thomas Carlyle, vol. V, p. 12. 4. Ibid, p. 15. 5. Ibid, p. 202. 6. Ibid, p. 203. 7. Thomas Carlyle, Latter-Day Pamphlets, in Works, vol. XX, p. 80. 8. Ibid, p. 27. 9. Quoted inJ. M. L. Ruer's very useful unpublished dissertation, 'Sen­

sation in English Fiction in the Eighteen Sixties', p. 68. 10. 'On the Punishment of Death', Blackwood's Magazine, XXVII (1830)

876. Quoted in Harold Perkin, The Origins of Modern English Society 1780-1880, p. 285.

11. J. F. C. Harrison, The Early Victorians 1832-51, p. 162. In the same work, Harrison quotes Smiles, pp. 162-3.

12. Perkin, Origins of Modern English Society, p. 421. 13. Ibid, p. 423. 14. Ibid, p. 417. 15. A. V. Dicey, Lectures on the Relation Between Law and Public Opinion

in England, 2nd edn, p. 182. 16. Ibid, pp. 244-5. 17. John Stuart Mill, Principles of Political Economy, pp. 59-60. 18. E. P. Thompson and Eileen Yeo (eds) The Unknown Mayhew, p. 177. 19. Henry Mayhew, London Labour and the London Poor, vol. III, p. 310.

First published 1861-2. 20. Ibid, vol. IV, p. xii. 21. Dinah Maria Mulock, A Life for a Life, vol. II, p. 113. 22. Dicey, Law and Public Opinion, p.liv. 23. William Acton, Prostitution Considered in its Moral, Social and Sanitary

Aspects (London: Frank Cass, 1972) p. vi. This is a new impression of the second edition of 1870.

24. Ibid, p. 33. 25. E. S. Dallas, The Gay Science, vol. II, p. 295. 26. Blackwood's Magazine, XCI (May 1862) 564. 27. Page, Wilkie Collins, p. 119. 28. Dallas, The Gay Science, vol. II, p. 299. 29. H. F. Chorley (anonymously), review of Armadale, Athenaeum, 2 June

1866. Page, Wilkie Collins, pp. 146-7. 30. The Art of Fiction', in Morris Shapira (ed.), Henry James: Selected Liter­

ary Criticism, p. 88. 31. Collins, The Woman in White, p. xxxii. 32. E. S. Dallas (anonymously), review of The Woman in White, The Times,

30 October 1860. Page, Wilkie Collins, p. 96. 33. Wilkie Collins, The Moonstone, pp. 398-9. 34. London Quarterly Review, October 1866. Page, Wilkie Collins, p. 157. 35. Unsigned review of Jezebel's Daughter, but incorporating a survey of

172 Notes

Collins's literary career generally, Spectator, 15 May 1880. Page, Wilkie Collins, pp. 209-10.

36. Quoted in Kenneth Graham, English Criticism of the Novel, 1865-1900, p.100.

37. Henry Morley, The Journal of a London Playgoer, p. 302. First published 1866.

38. 'Our Novels: The Sensational School', Temple Bar, XXIX (April 1870) 419.

39. Collins, The Woman in White, p. 2. 40. Wilkie Collins, Memoirs of the Life of William Collins RA, vol. I, p. 163. 41. Ibid, vol. II, p. 312. 42. Elizabeth Gaskell, The Life of Charlotte Bronte, p. 428. 43. Collins, My Miscellanies, p. 268. 44. Wilkie Collins, Armadale, p. xxxix. 45. Collins, My Miscellanies, p. 270. 46. Ibid, p. 273. 47. Unsigned review of No Name, Reader, 3 January 1863. Page, Wilkie

Collins, pp. 134-5. 48. Balzac, Old Goriot, p. 130. 49. Ibid, p. 136. SO. See Donald Adamson's introduction to Balzac, Ursule Mirouet, p. 12. 51. Extracts from the preliminary announcement for The Gars. See Balzac,

The Chouans, p. 26. 52. Collins to William Winter. Quoted in Winter, Old Friends, p. 219. 53. Balzac, The Chouans, p. 43. 54. Beard, 'Some Recollections of Yesterday', p. 322. 55. Balzac, Cousin Bette, p. 161. 56. Sir Walter Scott, Waverley, pp. 35, 63. 57. David Masson, British Novelists and Their Styles, pp. 254--5. 58. See Kirk H. Beetz, 'Wilkie Collins and The Leader'. 59. Masson, British Novelists, pp. 255-6. 60. Collins, The Woman in White, p. 15. 61. Masson, British Novelists, p. 257. 62. E. J. Hobsbawm, The Age of Capital 1848-1875, pp. 45-6. 63. Ibid, p. 46. 64. Quoted in Devendra P. Varma, The Gothic Flame, p. 150.

2 'Innocent Criminals': The Domestic Saga

1. Page, Wilkie Collins, p. 111. 2. For the early association of Dinah Mulock and Wilkie Collins, see

Nuel Pharr Davis, The Life of Wilkie Collins, p. 28. 3. Margaret Oliphant, The Athelings, vol. I, p. 30. 4. Quoted in Vineta and Robert A. Colby, The Equivocal Virtue: Mrs Oli­

phant and the Victorian Literary Market Place, p. 251. 5. R. H. Hutton (anonymously), 'Charlatan Poetry: Martin Farquhar

Tupper', p. 168. See Derek Hudson, Martin Tupper: His Rise and Fall,

Notes 173

p. 185, for Gladstone's verdict. Hudson is also the authority for the publishing statistics.

6. The phrase is borrowed from W. L. Burn, The Age of Equipoise: A Study of the Mid-Victorian Generation.

7. E. J. Hobsbawm, The Age of Capital, p. 280. 8. Dinah Maria Mulock, John Halifax, Gentleman, vol. III, p. 111. 9. Charlotte Yonge, The Daisy Chain, p. 637.

10. Margaret Oliphant, Miss Marjoribanks, pp. 25-6. 11. Sir E. Bulwer Lytton, Bart, The Caxtolls: A Family Picture, vol. III

p.291. 12. Sir E. Bulwer Lytton, Bart, My Novel, vol. I, pp. 7-8. 13. Ibid, vol. IV, p. 272. 14. Ibid, vol. III, p. 50. 15. Ibid, p. 99. 16. National Review, VII (July 1858) 162. 17. Bulwer Lytton, The Caxtons, vol. III, p. 16. 18. Ibid, vol. I, p. 3. 19. Ibid, vol. III, p. 308. 20. Ibid, p. 306. 21. Bulwer Lytton, My Novel, vol. IV, p. 270. 22. Ibid, p. 294. 23. Bulwer Lytton, The Caxtons, vol. I, p. iii. 24. Ibid, vol. III, p. 261. 25. Ibid, vol. II, p. 87. 26. Ibid, p. 88. 27. Bulwer Lytton, My Novel, vol. II, p. 94. 28. Sir E. Bulwer Lytton, Bart, Caxtolliana, vol. II, p. 351. 29. Bulwer Lytton, My Novel, vol. II, p. 297. 30. Henry Fielding, Joseph Andrews, p. 25. 31. Bulwer Lytton, My Novel, vol. I, p. 92. 32. Bulwer Lytton, The Caxtons, vol. I, p. 21. 33. Ibid, p. 173. 34. Arthur Helps, Friends in Council: A Series of Readings and Discourse

Thereon, Book the First, pp. 101-2. Quoted in Vineta and Robert A. Colby, The Equivocal Virtue, p. 65, but ascribed to 1851, which would make Helps's plea seem supererogatory.

35. Walter Ong, Orality and Literacy, p. 159. 36. Mulock, John Halifax, Gentleman, vol. I, p. 175. 37. Ibid, p. 11. 38. Ibid, vol. III, p. 95. 39. Ibid, p. 155. 40. Margaret Oliphant (anonymously), 'Novels', Blackwood's Magazine,

CII (September 1867) 265. 41. Mulock, John Halifax, Gentleman, vol. II, p. 138. 42. Ibid. 43. Ibid, vol. III, p. 7. 44. 'Four Novels', The Leader, VI (11 August 1855) 773. 45. Harry Stone (ed.), The Uncollected Writings of Charles Dickens: 'Household

Words' 1850-1859, vol. II, p. 623.

174 Notes

46. Richard Ellmann, Oscar Wilde, p. 191. 47. Charlotte Yonge, The Heir of Redclyffe, vol. I, p. 34. 48. Ibid, vol. II, p. 91. 49. Ibid, vol. I, p. 100. SO. Ibid, vol. II, p. 126. 51. Ibid, p. 247. 52. Ibid, pp. ~. 53. Merryn Williams, Margaret Oliphant: A Critical Biography, p. 85. 54. Oliphant, Miss Marjoribanks, p. 397. 55. Yonge, The Heir of Redclyffe, vol. II, p. 52. 56. Oliphant, Miss Marjoribanks, p. 373. 57. Ibid, p. 412. 58. Ibid, p. 245. 59. Bulwer Lytton, The Caxtons, vol. III, p. 174. 60. Oliphant, Miss Marjoribanks, p. 162. 61. Ibid, pp. 65-6. 62. Collins, The Woman in White, p. 18. 63. Anthony Trollope, An Autobiography, p. 145. 64. Collins, The Woman in White, p. 15.

3 Sensation and Supernaturalism

1. Quoted in Varma, The Gothic Flame, p. ISO. 2. Ibid, p. 217. 3. Charles Brockden Brown, preface to Edgar Huntley: or, The Sleep Walker

(1799). Quoted in Leslie A. Fiedler, Love and Death in the American Novel, p. 150.

4. See Franco Moretti, Signs Taken for Wonders, p. 86. 5. Karl Marx and Frederick Engels, Manifesto of the Communist Party,

pp.48-9. 6. Mary Shelley, Frankenstein, p. 223. 7. Elizabeth Gaskell, Mary Barton, pp. 219-20. 8. Collins, The Woman in White, p. 73. 9. Wilkie Collins, Tales of Terror and the Supernatural, p. 34.

10. Ibid, p. 31. 11. Ibid, p. 37. 12. Ibid, p. 24. 13. Arthur Young, Travels in France During the Years 1787, 1788, 1789

(1793). Quoted in Jacques Godechot, 1789: The Taking of the Bastille, p.59.

14. Collins, Tales of Terror and the Supernatural, p. 27. 15. Ibid, p. 32. 16. Ibid, p. 25. 17. Ibid, pp. 25-6. 18. Ibid, p. 27. 19. E.J.Hobsbawm, TheAgeofRevolution1789-1848,p.139. 20. Collins, Tales of Terror and the Supernatural, p. 31. 21. Ibid, p. 32.

Notes 175

22. Ibid, p. 38. 23. Ibid, p. 36. 24. Ibid, p. 39. 25. Sheridan Le Fanu, Best Ghost Stories of J. s. Le Fanu, p. 275. 26. Ibid, p. 292. 27. Ibid, p. 336. 28. Ibid, p. 339. 29. See Louis James, Fiction for the Working Man 1830-1850. 30. James Malcolm Rymer, Varney the Vampire, p. 277. 31. Ibid, p. 734. 32. Moretti, Signs Taken for Wonders, p. 84. 33. Rymer, Varney the Vampire, p. 756. 34. Karl Marx, Capital, vol. I, p. 342. Quoted in Moretti, Signs Taken for

Wonders, p. 91. 35. Robert Dale Owen, Footfalls on the Boundary of Another World, p. 149. 36. Sheridan Le Fanu, All in the Dark, vol. I, p. 8. 37. Mary E. Braddon, Aurora Floyd, p. 121. 38. Catherine Crowe, Spiritualism and the Age We Live In, p. 119. 39. Ibid, p. 136. 40. Mrs de Morgan (c. D.), From Matter to Spirit, p. 124.

4 The Sensation 'School'

1. Charles W. Wood, Memorials of Mrs Henry Wood, p. 283. 2. Mrs Henry Wood, East Lynne, p. 165. 3. Ibid, p. 86. 4. Ibid, p. 288. 5. Ibid, p. 289. 6. Ibid, p. 313. 7. Ibid, p. 620. 8. Ibid, p. 622. 9. Ibid, p. 18.

10. Ibid, p. 622. 11. Ibid, p. 477. 12. Ibid, p. 479. 13. Ibid, p. 289. 14. Ibid, p. 313. 15. Ibid, pp. 289-90. 16. Ibid, p. 153. 17. C. L. Cline (ed.), The Letters of George Meredith, vol. I, p. 145. 18. Quoted in Amy Cruse, The Victorians and their Books, p. 325. 19. Mrs E. M. Ward, Memories of Ninety Years, pp. 183-4. Harriet Graves

is disguised as 'a niece of Wilkie Collins'. 20. James McGrigor Allan, Nobly False, vol. I, p. iii. 21. G. A. Sala, The Baddington Peerage, vol. I, p. v. 22. Anon, The Old Roman Well: A Romance of Dark Streets alld Greell Lalles,

vol. I, p. 21.

176 Notes

23. Ibid, p. 65. 24. Ibid, p. 99. 25. Ibid, vol. II, p. 41. 26. Anon, The Law of Divorce: A Tale, p. 371. 27. Mansel, review of sensation novels, p. 500. 28. Anon, The Law of Divorce, pp. 1-2. 29. Mansel, review of sensation novels, p. 499. 30. Florence Wilford, Nigel Bartram's Ideal, p. 138. 31. Ibid, p. 36. 32. Ibid, p. 155. 33. Ibid, p. 222. 34. Anon, Recommended to Mercy, vol. I, pp. 90--2. 35. Mansel, review of sensation novels, p. 494. 36. Recommended to Mercy, vol. I, pp. 110, 114. 37. Ibid, p. 115. 38. Wilford, Nigel Bartram's Ideal, p. 219. 39. Rhoda Broughton, Cometh Up as a Flower, vol. I, p. 150. 40. Ibid, vol. II, p. 224. 41. Ibid, p. 250. 42. Elaine Showalter, A Literature of Their Own, p. 162. 43. Paget, Lucretia, p. 303. 44. Ibid, p. 309. 45. Ibid, p. 305. 46. Ibid, p. 298. 47. Ibid, p. 310. 48. Mrs Grey, Passages in the Life of a Fast Young Lady, vol. III, p. 304.

For Grey's Gothic output, see Montague Summers, A Gothic Bibliogra­phy, p. 52.

49. Grey, Passages in the Lifeofa Fast Young Lady, vol. III, p. 314. 50. Mrs J. H. Riddell, The Rich Husband, p. 85. 51. Ibid, p. 104. 52. Walter C. Phillips, Dickens, Reade and Collins - Sensation Novelists. 53. Charles Reade, Hard Cash, 2nd edn, vol. III, p. 72. First published

1863. 54. Charles Reade, Put Yourself in His Place, vol. II, pp. 202-3. 55. Charles Reade, It is Never Too Late to Mend, vol. II, pp. 122-3. 56. Ibid, vol. I, p. 367. 57. Reade, Hard Cash, vol. I, p. iii. 58. Ibid, vol. III, pp. 224-5. 59. Ibid, p. 355. 60. Florence Emily Hardy, The Life of Thomas Hardy 1840--1928, p. 204. 61. Page, Wilkie Collins, p. 119. 62. Thomas Hardy, Prefatory Note to Desperate Remedies, p. 37. 63. See, for instance, John Goode's comments on the novel in ThomJs

Hardy: The Offensive Truth, p. 11.

Notes

5 The Woman in White and No Name: The Sensation Novel and Self­Help

177

1. G. A. Sala, The Life and Adventures of George Augustus Sala, vol. II, p.9.

2. Blackwood's Magazine, XCI (May 1862) 565. 3. Ibid, p. 564. 4. Mansel, review of sensation novels, p. 488. 5. Collins, Armadale, p. 587. 6. Collins, The Woman in White, p. 2. 7. J. F. C. Harrison, The Early Victorians, p. 172. 8. Collins, The Woman in White, p. 116. 9. Ibid, p. 209.

10. Page, Wilkie Collins, p. 122. 11. Quoted in E. P. Thompson, 'Mayhew and The Morning Chronicle',

in Thompson and Yeo, The Unknown Mayhew, p. 9. 12. Mayhew, London Labour, vol. I, p. 43. Mayhew drew upon his work

for The Morning Chronicle in compiling London Labour and the London Poor.

13. Eileen Yeo makes this point in her essay, to which I am broadly grate­ful, 'Mayhew as a Social Investigator', in Thompson and Yeo, The Unknown Mayhew, pp. 56--109. See especially p. 100.

14. Mayhew, London Labour, vol. III, p. 310. 15. Collins, The Woman in White, p. 15. 16. Ibid, p. 16. 17. Ibid, p. 17. 18. Ibid, p. 18. 19. Ibid, p. 2l. 20. Ibid, p. 85. 21. Ibid, p. 87. 22. Ibid, p. 18. 23. Ibid, p. 418. 24. Ibid, p. 528. 25. Ibid, p. 525. 26. Ibid, p. 535. 27. Ibid, p. 3. 28. John Stuart Mill, On Liberty, in Three Essays, p. 83. 29. Collins, The Woman in White, p. 6. 30. Ibid, p. 3. 31. Wilkie Collins, No Name, p. 189. 32. Karl Marx, The Class Struggles in France 1848-1850, p. 50. 33. Wilkie Collins, The Moonstone, p. 104. 34. Collins, No Name, pp. 188-9. 35. Ibid, p. 209. 36. Ibid, p. 110. 37. Ibid, p. 134. 38. Ibid, p. 203. 39. Ibid, p. 26. 40. Ibid, p. 4.

178 Notes

41. Ibid, pp. 2~7. 42. Ibid, p. 49. 43. Ibid, p. 33. 44. Ibid, pp. 265, 203, 200. 45. Quoted in Asa Briggs, Victorian People, p. 124. 46. Collins, No Name, p. 332. 47. Ibid, p. 143. 48. Ibid, p. 144. 49. Ibid, p. 153. SO. Ibid, p. 155. 51. Ibid, p. 524. 52. Ibid, p. 526. 53. Ibid, p. 525. 54. Ibid, p. 29. 55. Ibid, p. 161. 56. Samuel Smiles, Self-Help, p. l. 57. Ibid, p. 74. 58. Collins, No Name, p. 227. 59. Louis Althusser, For Marx, p. 139. 60. Peter Brooker, Paul Stigant and Peter Widdowson, 'History and "liter­

ary value''', in Peter Humm, Paul Stigant and Peter Widdowson (eds), Popular Fictions: Essays in Literature and History, p. 82. This essay first appeared in Literature and History in Spring, 1979.

61. Collins, No Name, p. 170. 62. Page, Wilkie Collins, p. 119. 63. Eliot, 'Collins and Dickens', p. 468. 64. H. F. Chorley (anonymously), review of No Name, Athenaeum, 3 Janu­

ary 1863. Page, Wilkie Collins, p. 133. 65. Unsigned review of No Name, London Quarterly Review, October 1866.

Page, Wilkie Collins, p. 144. 66. David Punter, The Literature of Terror, pp. 5-6. 67. Collins, The Woman in White, p. 177. 68. Ibid, p. 182. 69. Ibid, p. 183. 70. Ibid, p. 184. 71. Ibid, p. 448. 72. Ibid, pp. 454, 465, 417. 73. Ibid, p. 481. 74. Ibid, p. 503. 75. Ibid, p. 507. 76. Wilkie Collins, 'How I Write My Books: Related in a Letter to a Friend',

The Globe, 26 November 1887. This essay is reprinted as Appendix D to The Woman in White: see p. 597.

77. Ibid, p. 379. 78. Ibid, p. 525. 79. Jonathan Culler, On Deconstruction, p. 9l. 80. Collins, The Woman in White, p. 25. 81. Edward Fitzgerald to Frederick Tennyson, 29 January 1867. Page,

Wilkie Collins, p. 124.

Notes 179

82. Collins, The Woman in White p. 479. 83. Aristotle, On the Art of Poetry, in Aristotle, Horace, Longinus: Classical

Literary Criticism (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1965) p. 41. 84. Collins, The Woman in White, p. 550. 85. Ibid, p. 460. 86. Blackwood's Magazine, XCI (May 1862) 575. 87. Charles Dickens, Great Expectations, p. 195. 88. Ibid, p. 207. 89. Ibid, p. 304. 90. Ibid, p. 320. 91. Ibid, p. 328. 92. Hughes, The Maniac in the Cellar, p. 70. 93. Margaret Oliphant (anonymously), review of No Name, Blackwood's

Magazine, August 1863. Page, Wilkie Collins, p. 143. 94. Ibid, p. xiii. 95. Ibid, p. 107. Unsigned review of The Woman in White, Dublin University

Magazine, February 1861. 96. H. F. Chorley (anonymously), review of Armadale, Athenaeum, 2 June

1866. Page, Wilkie Collins, pp. 146-7. 97. Collins, The Woman in White, p. 209. 98. Page, Wilkie Collins, p. 114. 99. Ibid, p. 141. Alexander Smith (anonymously), review of No Name,

North British Review, February 1863. 100. Collins, The Woman in White, p. 578. 101. Sue Lonoff, Wilkie Collins and his Victorian Readers, pp. 93-4. 102. See Tony Bennett, 'Introduction: Popular Culture and "The Tum to

Gramsci"', in Tony Bennett, Colin Mercer and Janet Woollacott (eds), Popular Culture and Social Relations, pp. xi-xviii.

103. Janice Radway, Reading the Romance, p. 81. 104. Ibid, p. 213. 105. Stephen King, Danse Macabre, pp. 56, 205. 106. Page, Wilkie Collins, p. 19. In his introduction, Norman Page cites

W. P. Frith's anecdote about 'a rude guest' at a dinner party who tried to insult Collins: 'Why, your novels are read in every back­kitchen in England:

107. Collins, My Miscellanies, p. 252. 108. Ibid, pp. 2~1. 109. Ibid, p. 261. 110. Ibid, p. 262.

6 'Mad To-day and Sane To-morrow': The Sensation Novel and the Asylum

1. Collins, Armadale, p. 210. 2. Ibid, pp. 160-1. 3. Wolff, 'Devoted Disciple', p. 13. 4. Ibid, p. 14.

180 Notes

5. W. Fraser Rae (anonymously), 'Sensation Novelists: Miss Braddon', p.186.

6. Mary Elizabeth Braddon, Lady Audley's Secret, p. 1. 7. Ibid, p. 446. 8. Michael Sadleir, Things Past, p. 72. 9. Mary Elizabeth Braddon, The Doctor's Wife, vol. I, p. 100.

10. Mary Elizabeth Braddon, The Black Band, or, The Mysteries of Midnight, p.45.

11. Ibid, p. 38. 12. Ibid, p. 208. 13. Braddon, Lady Audley's Secret, p. 295. 14. Collins, Armadale, p. 480. 15. Ibid, p. 170. 16. Braddon, Lady Audley's Secret, pp. 446-7. 17. Ibid, p. 445. 18. Quoted in Robert L. Wolff, 'Sensational Victorians': The Life and Fiction

of Mary Elizabeth Braddon, p. 245. 19. Wolff, 'Devoted Disciple', p. 21. 20. Ibid, p. 130. 21. Matthew Lewis, The Monk, pp. 441-2. 22. Mill, Three Essays, p. 83. 23. Ibid, pp. 84-5. 24. Sheridan Le Fanu, The Rose and the Key, p. 17. 25. Ibid, p. 18. 26. Collins, Armadale, p. 604. 27. Ibid, p. 576. 28. Ibid, p. 625. 29. Michel Foucault, Madness and Civilization, p. 250. 30. Review of Forbes Winslow, On Obscure Diseases of the Brain and Dis­

orders of the Mind, their incipient Symptoms, Pathology, Diagnosis, Treat­ment, and Prophylaxis, in Edinburgh Review, CXII (October 1860) 544.

31. George Robinson, On the Prevention and Treatment of Mental Disorders, p.lO.

32. Andrew T. Scull, Museums of Madness: The Social Organization of Insanity in Nineteenth-Century England.

33. Andrew Wynter (anonymously), 'Lunatic Asylums', p. 390. 34. Robinson, Prevention and Treatment, p. 7. 35. Edinburgh Review, CXII (October 1860) 526. 36. Ibid, p. 527. 37. Ibid, p. 545. 38. Mansel, review of sensation novels, p. 482. 39. Blackwood's Magazine, XCI (May 1862) 564. 40. Dallas, The Gay Science, vol. II, p. 293. 41. Peter Gay, The Tender Passion, p. 332. 42. Raymond Williams, Keywords, p. 21. 43. Braddon, Lady Audley's Secret, p. 207. 44. Ibid, p. 85. 45. Ibid, p. 69. 46. Wolff, 'Devoted Disciple', p. 22.

Notes 181

47. Braddon, Lady Audley's Secret, p. 299. 48. Ibid, p. 345. 49. Collins, The Woman in White, p. 381. 50. Braddon, Lady Audley's Secret, p. 199. 51. Joseph Hatton, Old Lamps and New, p. 212. 52. Braddon, Lady Audley's Secret, p. 246. 53. Ibid, p. 256. 54. Ibid, pp. 222, 223. 55. Ibid, p. 222. 56. Ibid, p. 294. 57. See chapter 6, 'Subverting the Feminine Novel: Sensationalism and

Feminine Protest', in Showalter, A Literature of Their Own, pp. 153-81. 58. Mary Elizabeth Braddon, 101m Marchmont's Legacy, vol. I, p. 239. 59. Braddon, Lady Audley's Secret, p. 377. 60. Ibid, p. 379. 61. Ibid, p. 403. 62. Ibid, p. 205. 63. Ibid, p. 331. 64. Braddon, The Black Band, or, The Mysteries of Midnight, p. 56. 65. Mary Elizabeth Braddon, The Trail of the Serpent, p. 52. 66. Robinson, Prevention and Treatment, p. 105. 67. Henry Maudsley, The Physiology and the Pathology of the Mind, p. 294. 68. Ibid, p. 316. 69. Gay, The Tender Passion, p. 340. 70. Braddon, Lady Audley's Secret, p. 381. 71. Ibid, p. 391. 72. Mary Elizabeth Braddon, Hellry Dunbar: The Story of all Outcast, vol.

I, p. 269. 73. Ibid, p. 81. 74. Rae, 'Sensation Novelists: Miss Braddon', p. 195.

7 'Wilkie! Have a Mission': The Demise of Sensation Fiction

1. A. C. Swinburne, 'Wilkie Collins', Fortnightly Review, 1 November 1889. Page, Wilkie COlliIlS, p. 262.

2. Blackwood's Magazine, XCI (May 1862) 565. 3. Eliot, 'Collins and Dickens', p. 464. 4. John R. Reed, 'English Imperialism and the Unacknowledged Crime

of The Moonstone'. 5. Michael Edwardes, Red Year: The Indian Rebellioll of 1857, p. 164. 6. Quoted in Bernard Semmel, The Governor Eyre COlltroversy, pp. 171-2. 7. Collins, The Moonstone, p. 81. 8. Charles Dickens to W. H. Wills, 26 July 1868. Page, Wilkie Collills,

p.169. 9. Kenneth Robinson, Wilkie Collins: A Biography, p. 236.

10. Collins, The Moonstone, p. 422. 11. Ibid, p. 428. 12. Charles Dickens, The Mystery of Edwin Drood, p. 38.

182 Notes

13. Ibid, p. 43. 14. Angus Wilson, introduction to The Mystery of Edwin Drood, p. 20. 15. Ibid, p. 233. 16. 'The Thugs; or, Secret Murderers of India', Quarterly Review, LXIV

ijanuary 1837) 394. 17. Dickens, The Mystery of Edwin Drood, p. 85. 18. Ibid, p. 198. 19. Ibid, p. 96. 20. Ibid, p. 54. 21. Ibid, p. 95. 22. Braddon, Lady Audley's Secret, p. 447. 23. Charles Rycroft, 'The Analysis of a Detective Story'. 24. Stephen Knight, Form and Ideology in Crime Fiction, p. 63. 25. Karl Marx and Frederick Engels, On Britain, p. 404. 26. Collins, The Moonstone, p. 61. 27. Ibid, p. 215. 28. Ibid, p. 11. 29. Ibid, p. 198. 30. Ibid, p. 60. 31. Wilkie Collins, Man and Wife, p. 29. 32. Collins, Armadale, p. 214. 33. Ibid, p. 215. 34. Ibid, p. 217. 35. Collins, Man and Wife, p. 24. 36. Ibid, p. 78. 37. Ibid, p. 237. 38. Ibid, p. 5. 39. Ibid, p. 74. 40. Wilkie Collins, Jezebel's Daughter, vol. I, p. vii. 41. George Eliot, Felix Holt the Radical, p. 557. 42. 'Address to Working Men, by Felix Holt', reprinted as Appendix A

in Felix Holt the Radical, pp. 609-27. 43. Nicholas Rance, The Historical Novel and Popular Politics in Nineteenth

Century England. 44. Engels to Marx, 18 November 1864. Marx and Engels, On Britain,

p.546. 45. Gareth Stedman Jones, Outcast London, p. 16. 46. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, The Sign of Four, in The Penguin Complete

Sherlock Holmes, p. 97. 47. W. Winwood Reade, The Martyrdom of Man, p. 508. 48. Ibid, p. 514. 49. Stedman Jones, Outcast London, p. 271. 50. Beatrice Webb, My Apprenticeship, pp. 207-8. 51. Stedman Jones, Outcast London, p. 283. 52. Albert Fried and Richard Elman (eds), Charles Booth's London, p. 30. 53. Collins, Man and Wife, p. 23. 54. Ibid, p. 24. 55. Ibid, p. 23.

Notes 183

56. M. W. Townsend (anonymously), obituary article on Collins, Specta-tor, 28 September, 1889. Page, Wilkie Collins, p. 251.

57. Wilkie Collins, Poor Miss Finch, vol. 1, p. 9. 58. Ibid, pp. 20-1. 59. Ibid, p. 144. 60. Ibid, vol. III, pp. 314-15. 61. Ibid, vol. II, p. 192. 62. Ibid, vol. I, p. 41. 63. Ibid, vol. III, p. 320. 64. The Poems of Arthur Hugh Clough, edited by A. L. P. Norrington (Oxford

University Press, 1968) p. 195. 65. Collins, Poor Miss Finch, vol. 1, p. 293. 66. Ibid, p. 294. 67. Frederic Harrison to John Morley, 22 March 1871. Royden Harrison

(ed.), The English Defence of the Commune(1871), p. 17. 68. Collins, Poor Miss Finch, vol. 1, pp. 11-12. 69. Wilkie Collins, The Law and the Lady, vol. II, pp. 261-2. 70. Ibid, vol. 1, p. 99. 71. Ibid, vol. II, p. 169. 72. Ibid, pp. 186-7. 73. Ibid, vol. 1, p. 198. 74. Ibid, p. 230. 75. William Godwin, Enquiry Co/lcerning Political Justice, p. 689. 76. Collins, The Law and the Lady, vol. III, p. 47. 77. Ibid, pp. 148-9. 78. Ibid, p. 149. 79. Ibid, vol. II, p. 168. so. Ibid, vol. III, p. 248. 81. Ibid, vol. II, p. 207. 82. Wilkie Collins, The New Magdalen, vol. II, p. 252. 83. Ibid, pp. 32-3. 84. Ibid, pp. 70, 174; 131, 106. Chapter 26 is entitled, 'Great Heart- Little

Heart'. 85. 'A Batch of Books', The Leader, VII (22 March 1856) 282. 86. 'A Batch of New Books', The Leader, IV (12 March 1853) 261. 87. Collins wrote a series for The Leader, entitled, 'Magnetic Evenings

at Home'. The Leader, III (6 March 1852) 232, and III (14 February 1852) 161.

88. Robert Ashley, Wilkie Collins, p. 124. 89. Wilkie Collins, The Two Destinies: a Romance, vol. 1, p. 167. 90. Robert Dale Owen, Footfalls, p. xv. 91. Ibid, p. xii. 92. Ibid, p. 8. 93. Ashley, Wilkie Collins, p. 116. 94. Collins to Frederic Lehmann, 5 July 1882. William Rollin Coleman,

'The University of Texas Collection of the Letters of Wilkie Collins, Victorian Novelist'.

95. Wilkie Collins, Heart and Science: A Story of the Present Time, vol. I, p.23.

184 Notes

96. Philip O'Neill, Wilkie Collins: Women, Property and Propriety, p. 1. 97. Ibid, p. 5. 98. Ibid, p. 111. 99. Jenny Bourne Taylor, In the Secret Theatre of Home: Wilkie Collins, Sensa­

tion Narrative, and Nineteenth-Century Psychology, p. 8. 100. Royden Harrison, Before the Socialists: Studies in Labour and Politics

1861-1881, p. 133. 101. Robinson, Wilkie Collins, p. 268. 102. Webb, My Apprenticeship, p. 226.

8 Conclusion: Sheridan Le Fanu and Sensation Fiction

1. Sheridan Le Fanu, Uncle Silas, p. xxvii. 2. Ibid, p. xxvii. 3. Page, Wilkie Collins, p. 111. 4. M. F. Brickdale (anonymously), 'The Queen's English', Edinburgh

Review, CXX Guly 1864) 53. Quoted in Ruer, 'Sensation', p. 1. 5. W. J. McCormack, Sheridan Le Fanu and Victorian Ireland, p. 140. 6. Williams, Politics and Letters, p. 170. 7. As, for instance, though certainly in retrospect, in Charles Kickham,

Knocknagow (1873). 8. Cecil Woodham-Smith, The Great Hunger, p. 123. 9. Ibid, p. 162.

10. Sheridan Le Fanu, Wylder's Hand, p. 4. 11. Ibid, p. 279. 12. Ibid, p. 20. 13. Ibid, p. 94. 14. Ibid, p. 123. 15. Ibid, p. 387. 16. Sheridan Le Fanu, The Tenants of Malory, vol. III, p. 270. 17. William Blake, Complete Writings, p. 133. 18. Le Fanu, Uncle Silas, p. 245. 19. McCormack, Le Fanu and Victorian Ireland, p. 252. 20. Patrick Kennedy (anonymously), 'Forgotten Novels: Part 1', p. 344. 21. Sheridan Le Fanu, The Cock and Anchor: A Chronicle of Old Dublin City,

vol. I, p. 291. 22. Sheridan Le Fanu, The House by the Churchyard, vol. III, p. 214. 23. Page, Wilkie Collins, pp. 122-3. 24. Le Fanu, The House by the Churchyard, vol. III, pp. 214-15. 25. Le Fanu, Wylder's Hand, p. 51. 26. Ibid, p. 52. 27. Ibid, p. 53. 28. Tom Nairn, The Break-Up of Britain, p. 223. 29. Unsigned review of Wylder's Hand, Spectator, XXXVII (5 March 1864)

272. 30. Le Fanu, Wylder's Hand, p. 68. 31. Ibid, p. 16. 32. Thomas Carlyle, Chartism, in Works, vol. IV, p. 131.

Notes 185

33. McCormack, Le Fanu and Victorian Ireland, p. 144. 34. Ibid, p. 252. 35. Fred Kaplan, Dickens: a Biography, p. 441. First published 1988. 36. Royden Harrison, Before the Socialists, p. 133. 37. Blackwood's Magazine, XCI (May 1862) 565. 38. Collins, Armadale, p. 623. 39. Stedman Jones, p. 281. 40. Georgina Battiscombe, Charlotte Mary Yonge: The Story of an Uneventful

Life, p. 72. 41. Catherine Belsey, Critical Practice, pp. 109-17. 42. Stedman Jones, Outcast London, p. 300.

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186

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187

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Index

Acton, William, Prostitution considered in its Moral, Social and Sanitary Aspects, 2~

Adullamites (Liberals opposed to an extension of the franchise), 142

Allan, James McGrigor, 1 Nobly False, 69-70

All the Year Round, 2, 81, 107, 131 Althusser, Louis, 11-12,94 American Civil War, 82 Aristotle, 29, 43, 99 Athenaeum, 1,95 Austen, Jane, 3, 5

Balzac, Honore de, 28, 30--3, 56 The Chouans, 32 Cousin Bette, 33 Old Goriot, 31, 32

Barlow, John, 117 Beard, Francis Carr, 19 Beard, Nathaniel, 19,33 Beetz, Kirk H., 14, 34 Belsey, Catherine, 168 Bennett, Tony, 105 Bentley, George, 1, 158 Bentley, Richard, 158, 159, 166 Besant, Walter, 153 Blackmore, R. D., Lorna Doone, 140 Blackwood's Magazine, 22, 37, 42, 81,

139 Blake, William, 161 Booth, Charles, Life and Labour of the

People, 142 Boucicault, Dion

The Colleen Bawn, 99 The Streets of London, 99

Bourne Taylor, Jenny, 155, 165 Bowen, Elizabeth, 159

Braddon, Mary Elizabeth, 1, 5, 14, 16,64,72-3,74,76,107,134, 158, 166

Aurora Floyd, 61 The Black Band, 111-12, 124-5 The Doctor's Wife, 111, 113 Henry Dunbar, 127-8 John Marchmont's Legacy, 123 Lady Audley's Secret, 73, 101, 108,

109, 110--13, 115,120--8, 155 The Lady's Mile, 113 The Trail of the Serpent, 125

Brecht, Bertholt, 14, 94 Bright, John 35, 140, 142 Bronte, Charlotte, 30

Shirley, 57 Brooker, Peter, 94 Broughton, Rhoda, Cometh Up as a

Flower, 74-5 Brown, Charles Brockden, 51-2 Bulwer Lytton, Sir Edward,S, 10,

45, 110, 112, 113, 152 'Caxtoniana', 42 The Caxtons, 38, 40--2, 43, 49,110 My Novel, 39-40,41, 42-4

Burn, W. L., 166 Butler, Marilyn,S

Caracciolo, Peter, 165 Carlyle, Thomas, 22, 26, 137

Chartism, 164-5 The French Revolution, 56, 82-3,

164 Heroes and Hero-Worship, 19-21 Latter-Day Pamphlets, 16, 21-2

Cassell's Magazine, 146 Charity Organisation Society, 141-2 Chartism, 35, 53, 88 Chorley, H. F., 27, 95 Cleve Hall (anonymous novel), 4~

194

Index 195

Clough, Arthur Hugh, 6 Amours de Voyage, 145-6

Collins, Charles Alston, 131 Collins, Wilkie, passim

Antonina, 1, 6-7, 9, 30, 32, 152 Armadale, 3, 31, 78, 81, 82, 95,

101, 104, 109-10, 112-13, 115-16, 117-18, 119, 124, 127-8, 136

Basil, 1, 7-9, 14, 52, 54, 154 The Black Robe, 152, 153 Blind Love, 153 The Dead Secret, 9-10 The Fallen Leaves, 152 Heart and Science, 137, 152, 153 Hide and Seek, 1, 2, 9 Jezebel's Daughter, 138, 151, 153 The Law and the Lady, 9,114,

147-50, 153 Man and Wife, 136-8, 142-3, 147,

150, 153 Memoirs of the Life of William

Collins, R.A., 29-30 The Moonstone,S, 9, 17,28,34,81,

88, 129-36 The New Magdalen, 150-1 No Name, 81, 88-94, 95, 102, 103 Poor Miss Finch, 9, 143--7, 150,

153 The Red Vial (play), 151 The Two Destinies, 151 The Woman in White, 2-3, 4, 9, 13,

15-16,27,28,29,30,32,33, 34-5,49,50,53,75,76,80, 81-8,89,91,92,95-100,102, 104-5, 108, 109, 121, 134-5, 136, 138, 148, 152, 154-5

'The Dream Woman', 57 'The Perils of Certain English

Prisoners' (with Dickens), 131 'Portrait of an Author', 30-1 'Talk-Stoppers', 19 'A Terribly Strange Bed', 54-7 'The Unknown Public', 107-8

Comte, Auguste, 14 Cooper, James Fenimore, 32 Cornhill Magazine, 107 Corn Laws, repeal of, 35, 39, 88,

135-6

Crowe, Catherine, Spiritualism and the Age We Live In, 62

Culler, Jonathan, 98

Dallas, E. 5., 28, 29 The Gay Science, 26-7, 42,119

Darwin, Charles, 126 Defoe, Daniel, Robinson Crusoe, 135 Dicey, A. V., 23, 25 Dickens, Charles, 2, 3, 6, 9, 10,30,

32,46,165 Barnaby Rudge, 7 Great Expectations, 10, 100-1, 122 The Mystery of Edwin Drood, 5,

127, 131-4 A Tale of Two Cities, 10, 56

Dickens, Henry Fielding, 82-3 Disraeli, Benjamin, 88 Divorce Act (1857), 71 Dollimore, Jonathan, 13--14 domestic epic, 42-4 domestic sagas, 4, 16, 31, 35, 36,

37-50, 104, 112, 113-14, 167, 168

Donne, John, 44 Dublin University Magazine, 157,

158, 159, 162 Dumas, Alexandre, 108

Eagleton, Terry, 11, 12 Eastlake, Charles c., 119-20 Edinburgh Review, 118, 157 Eliot, George, 3, 32, 117, 140, 156

Daniel Deronda, 139 Felix Holt the Radical, 138-9, 155 Middlemarch, 139, 140, 156 Romola, 155

Eliot, T. 5.,3,95, 130 Ellenborough, Lord, 130 Ellmann, Richard, 46 Elman, Richard, 142 Empson, William, 140 Engels, Frederick, 139 Eyre, Governor Richard, 130, 133

Fielding, Henry, Joseph Andrews, 43 Fitzgerald, Edward, 98 Flaubert, Gustave, Madame Bovary,

113,121

196 Index

Forster, John, 30, 165 Foucault, Michel, Madness and

Civilization, 116 Franklin, Benjamin, 94 Fried, Albert, 142 Froude, Hurrell, 168 Froude, James Anthony, 96

Gaskell, Elizabeth, 3, 30,140 Mary Barton, 53

Gay, Peter, 119-20 Gissing, George, 156 Gladstone, W. E., 38 Godwin, William, 7,51-2,109

Caleb Williams, 7, 51 Political Justice, 148

Goode, John, 6 Gothic Revival (in architecture),

99-100 Gramsci, Antonio, 105 Graves, Harriet, 69 Great Exhibition (1851), 23, 25, 35,

81,87 Grey, Mrs (Elizabeth Caroline), 1,

76 Passages in the Life of a Fast Young

Lady,76-7

Halfpenny Journal, 111 Hall, Stuart, 12 Hardy, Thomas, 79-80

Desperate Remedies, 79, 80 Tess of the D'Urbervilles, 67, 80

Harrison, Frederic, 146 Harrison,J. F. c., 22, 83 Harrison, Royden, 155, 166 Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 6 Hayden, Mrs (medium), 62 Hebdige, Dick, 12 Helps, Arthur, Friends in Council,

43,44 Heywood, Thomas, A Woman Killed

with Kindness, 67-8 Hobsbawm, E. J., 35--6, 38, 56 Hogarth, Georgina, 9 Household Words, 19,30,46,57,81,

107, 131 Hughes, Winifred, 4, 101, 165 Hunt, Thornton, 34

Hutton, R H., 40

ideology and literature, 11-16, 158, 161-2

'Indian Mutiny' (1857), 130, 131 Irish Famine, 158--9 Italian Risorgimento, 87-8, 145--6

James, Henry, 3, 6, 27-8, 29, 83, 104, 162-3

Jerrold, Douglas, 83-4 Jewsbury, Geraldine, 1-2,6,9 Johnson, Dr. Samuel, 2 Joseph, Sir Keith, 17 'June Days' (Paris, 1848), 34, 88

Kaplan, Fred, 165 Kennedy,Patrick,162 King, Stephen, 106, 107 Knight, Stephen, 134

Law of Divorce, The (anonymous novel),71-2

Leader, The, 14, 34, 45, 151 Leavis, F. R, The Great Tradition, 3 Le Fanu, Sheridan, 16, 61, 64, 74,

157-66 All in the Dark, 61 Carmilla,57-9,157 Checkmate, 162 The Cock and Anchor, 162 Haunted Lives, 160 The House by the Churchyard, 158,

162-3, 164, 165--6 The Rose and the Key, 115, 157, 160 The Tenants of Malory, 160-1 Uncle Silas, 17, 157, 159, 161-2,

164, 165, 166 Wylder's Hand, 158--61, 163--5, 166

Lehmann, Frederic, 153 Lewes, George Henry, 34 Lewis, Matthew, The Monk, 3-4, 51,

114 Loch, Charles Stewart, 141 London Quarterly Review, 95

, Lonoff, Sue, 104--5, 108, 165

Macherey, Pierre, 11, 13 Mandeville, Bernard de, 109

Index 197

Mandeville, Sir John, 109 Mansel, H. L., 10, 72, 74, 82, 119,

159 Martineau, Harriet, 14,69 Marx, Karl, 11, 60, 88, 134, 139

The Communist Manifesto, 52 The German Ideology, 11-12

Masson, David, 3~5 Mathers, Helen, 75 Maturin, Charles, Melmoth the

Wanderer, 133 Maudsley, Henry, 125--6 Maxwell, John, 111 Mayhew, Henry, 24, 8~

London Labour and the London Poor, 24-5

Mazzini, Guiseppe, 87, 145--6 McCormack, W. J., 161-2, 164, 165,

166 melodrama, 1,~, 36, 94-7,

98-100,101, 103, 107-8, 110, 111,134-5

Meredith, George, 37, 69,79,140 mesmerism, 151 Mill, John Stuart

On Liberty, 25, 82, 114-15 Principles of Political Economy, 2~

Mills and Boon romances, 104 'moral treatment', 16,115-17,126 Moretti, Franco, 52, 60, 89 Morgan, Mrs de, From Matter to

Spirit, 62-3 Morley, Henry, 29 Morning Chronicle, 24, 83 Mulock, Dinah Maria (Mrs Craik),

14,37,45 John Halifax, Gentleman, 25, 37,

38,44-5,47,90,93 A Life for a Life, 25

My Secret Life, 148

Nairn, Tom, 164 National Review, 38, 40 Nietzsche, Friedrich, 140 North British Review, 110, 121

Old Roman Well, The (anonymous novel), 5, 70-1

Oliphant, Margaret, 4,5--6, 10, 17, 25,27,37-8,45,49,80,81-2, 95,100,102,103,119,129,154, 155, 157, 166, 168

The Athelings, 37 Miss Marjoribanks, 37, 38-9, 43,

47-9 Phoebe Junior, 47

O'Neill, Philip, 154-5, 165 Ong, Walter, 43 Owen, Robert Dale, Footfalls on the

Boundary of Another World, 60-1, 151-2

Page, Norman, 102 Paget, Francis, 2-3

Lucretia, 75--6 Paris Commune (1871), 146 Peacock, Thomas Love, Nightmare

Abbey, 109 Peel, Sir Robert, 159 Perkin, Harold, 22-3 Philippe Egalite, 55, 164 Phillips, W. c., 77 Pigott, Edward, 34 Poe, Edgar Allan, 134 popular fiction, theories of the

appeal of, 104-8, 166-8 Positivism, 14 Punter, David, 95--6

Quarterly Review, 72, 118, 119, 133

Radcliffe, Anne, 61, 162, 163 The Mysteries of Udolpho, 96, 162

Radway, Janice, 105-7, 108 Rae, W. Fraser, 110, 121, 127 Reade, Charles, 3, 5, 10, 77-9, 108,

129, 165 Hard Cash, 78, 79,115 It is Never Too Late to Mend, 78,

79 Put Yourself in His Place, 78

Reade, W. Winwood, The Martyrdom of Man, 140-1

Reader, The, 31

198 Index

Recommended to Mercy (anonymous novel),74

Reed, John R., 130 Reeve, Clara, The Old English Baron,

162 Reform Act, Second (1867), 139,

140, 142, 156 Reynolds's Miscellany, 111 Riddell, Charlotte, The Rich

Husband,77 Robin Goodfellow, 111 Robinson, George, 117, 118, 125 Robinson, Kenneth, 156 Rycroft, Charles, 134 Rymer, James Malcolm, Varney the

Vampire, 59-60,94, 108

Sade, Marquis de, 36, 51 Sadleir, Michael, 111 Sage, Lorna, 17 Sala, George Augustus, I, 25, 81

The Baddington Peerage, 70 The Life and Adventures of George

Augustus Sala, 81 Saturday Review, 22 Scott, Sir Walter, 32, 33, 37, 140,

157, 158 Waverley, 33

Scull, Andrew, 118 self-help, I, 17,24, 25, 44-5, 53, 83,

86,90-1,92,93-4,159,160 see also Smiles, Samuel

sensation drama, 3, 29, 99, 101, 108 serialisation, weekly, 10-11 Shelley, Mary, Frankenstein, 52-3,

54,100-1,118 Sherlock Holmes stories (Sir Arthur

Conan Doyle), 140, 167, 168 A Study in Scarlet, 167

Showalter, Elaine, 75, 123, 165 Sleeman, Captain, The Thugs, or

Secret Murderers of India, 133 Smiles, Samuel, 1,4, 21, 22, 23, 30,

44,49,91-2,93,95,127 The Life of George Stephenson, 44,

90 Lives of the Engineers, 90, 117 Self-Help, 17,49,90,93-4, 117

Smith, Adam, 23 The Wealth of Nations, 141

Smith, Alexander, 103-4, 106, 107 Spectator, 102, 113, 130, 143, 164 Spencer, Herbert, 138-9 spiritualism, 16,60-2, 151 Stedman Jones, Gareth, 140, 141,

167, 168 Sterne, Laurence, 43-4 Stigant, Paul, 94 Strand Magazine, 167 Summers, Montague, 51 Swedenborg, Emanuel, 61, 161-2,

164 The Wisdom of Angels concerning

Divine Providence, 161 Swinburne, Algernon, 129, 154

Temple Bar, 29 Times, The, 28, 82, 138 Tinsley's Magazine, 29 Trevelyan, Sir Charles, 159 Trollope, Anthony, 3

An Autobiography, 49-50 Tuckniss, Rev. William, 24-5 Tuke, William, 116 Tupper, Martin, 38

Proverbial Philosophy, 38, 40

Walpole, Horace, 61 The Castle of Otranto, 162

Ward, Henrietta, 69 Webb,Beatrice, 156

My Apprenticeship, 141 Widdowson, Peter, 94 Wilde, Oscar, 46 Wilford, Florence, 1

Nigel Bartram's Ideal, 72-3, 74 Williams, Merryn, 47 Williams, Raymond, 4

Keywords, 120 The Long Revolution, 158 Politics and Letters, 12-13, 158

Wills, W. H., 131 Wilson, Angus, 132, 133 Winslow, Forbes, 117, 118-19 Wood, Charles W., 5

Wood, Mrs Henry, 1, 5, 10, 14, 64, 69,70,76, 166

East Lynne, 4-5, 14-16, 64-9, 71, 75, 76, 77, 80, 134

Index

Yonge, Charlotte, 3, 45 The Daisy Chain, 38, 47

199

The Heir of Redclyffe, 46-7, 48, 168 Young, Arthur, 55