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Weathering, Erosion and Deposition

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Weathering, Erosion and Deposition

Weathering: The _______________ (__________________)

          or _________________  _________________

          of rock into ______________ particles.

Erosion:  The ____________________ or movement of the         weathered sediments.

Deposition:  The ________________ of the weathered               sediments.

physical mechanicalchemical breakdown

smaller

transportation

settling

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Weathering

Two types of weathering

1. ________________  (______________________)

2. ________________

Physical Mechanical

Chemical

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Physical Weathering

Any process that causes a rock to crack or ___________

into pieces ________________ chemically changing the rock.

breakWITHOUT

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Physical Weathering

_____________  ________________

Water seeps into small cracks in a rock.

As the water _____________ it _____________.

Over time, the cycle of _________________ and

_________________ will cause the rock to 

break or _____________ apart.

Frost Wedging

freezes expands

freezingmelting

split

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Physical Weathering

_____________  ________________

____________ and ____________ can grow

_____________ through cracks in rocks and 

____________ them apart over time.

Even the _________________ __________ ofmosses can grow between the grains that makeup the rock.

Root Wedging

Trees plantsrootsbreak

hairlike roots

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Physical Weathering

_____________________

Result of extreme _____________________

changes.

As rock is _____________ by the sun, the 

outside of the rock _________________.

Exfoliationtemperature

heatedexpands

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Physical Weathering

When temperatures cool at night, the outside 

of the rock ___________________.

The cycle of heating and cooling causes the 

outer layers of the rock to _____________ off

in ____________.

contracts

breaklayers

("peel")

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Physical Weathering

_____________________ (_______________ action)

This process occurs when __________________

carried by _______________ or ____________

blown sand cause particles to _______________

into each other and any other surrounding

rock.

Abrasion grinding

sediments

streams windcollide

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Chemical Weathering

Any process that causes rocks to ___________________ by

_________________ action resulting in a change of the rock’s

mineral ____________________.

breakdownchemical

composition

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Chemical Weathering

____________________

Occurs when ___________  ____________ in 

the atmosphere dissolves in the droplets of 

water that make up clouds.

This forms a weak _________________ acid

that reacts with certain rocks that contain

the mineral ______________.

Carbonationcarbon dioxide

carbonic

calcite

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Chemical Weathering

These rocks include _______________ and

___________________.

marblelimestone

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Chemical Weathering

Carbonic acid rain water seeps into the

__________________ bedrock through the

cracks.  The _________________ reaction

dissolves the ____________________.

     CaCO3 + H2CO3       Ca+2 + 2HCO­3

limestonechemicallimestone

(calcium carbonate)(carbonic acid)

(Calcium bicarbonate)

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This process forms underground _____________

http://www.teachersdomain.org/asset/ess05_vid_cavebiogeo/

caves

Karst topography

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Chemical Weathering

____________________

Occurs when ___________ dissolves certain minerals in a rock.

Example:  ___________ will dissolve much      of the feldspar in granite allowing      it to break apart.   The quartz      remains behind to become sand.     

Hydration

water

Water

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Chemical Weathering

____________________

Occurs when ______________ in the atmospherecombines with certain minerals to change theirform and breakdown rock.     

Oxidationoxygen

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Chemical Weathering

___________  _________

____________ produce weak acids that can alsodissolve certain minerals that make up rocks.     

______________ __________

Gases produced by humans can dissolve in water

droplets of clouds to produce _________ _______.

Plant Acids

Plants

Human Activity

acid rain

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sulfur dioxide

sulfuric acid

nitric acidnitrogen oxides

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Factors Affecting Weathering

_________________ is the ____________ factor thataffects the rate of weathering.

_________________

In warm climates, ______________ _________is the dominant type of weathering.

In cold climates, __________ ______________

(also known as __________  ___________) is

the dominant type of weathering.

Climate major

Temperaturechemical action

frost wedging

frost action

ChemicalWeathering

PhysicalWeathering

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Factors Affecting Weathering

_____________________

As precipitation increases, the amount (and rate) of

__________ __________ will ________________.

As precipitation increases, the amount (and rate) of

________________ weathering will _____________.

Precipitation

frost action increase

chemical increase

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Factors Affecting Weathering

____________________ weathering is the most rapid in

_________________, _________________ climates.

Chemical

warm wet/humid

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What type of weathering would be more common in a warm and dry climate...

Physical (or) Chemical?

Desert = wind abrasion.....

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Factors Affecting Weathering

Different ____________ types

________________ weathering is the process by 

which softer, less __________________________ rocks

wear away, leaving harder, more __________________

rocks behind.

rock (their mineral composition)

Differentialweather-resistant

resistant

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Which rock is more resistant to weathering?

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Factors Affecting Weathering

_________________ size

Weathering occurs on the ______________ surface of

rocks.  So the more _____________ __________ that

is exposed to weathering, the ____________ the rock

will be broken down.

Particleoutside

surface area

faster

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As the rock breaks down into smaller pieces,

the more _____________ __________ is 

exposed  and the rate of weathering __________

Factors Affecting Weathering

surface areaincreases

** smaller particles = fastering weathering

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Factors Affecting Weathering

Quick Review

1. _________________________________________

2. _________________________________________

3. _________________________________________

ClimateDifferent rock types (mineral comp.)

Particle size

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Soil

Soil is a combination of _________________ _________

and ________________ _______________ (as a result

of biological activity).

_________________ is decayed plant and animal

material found in soil.  Soil that contains __________

humus is considered ___________ soil.

weathered rockorganic matter

Humus~25%

rich

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Soil Layers(Soil Profile)

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Darker, richer, topsoil is a result ofbiological activity

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Soil Layers(Soil Profile)

Due to biological activity