notes 3/11 wolf essays due next time clarifying citing of websites come see us during office hours
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Notes 3/11 Wolf essays due next time Clarifying citing of websites Come see us during office hours. Mesa Verde. Chaco. SW Prehistoric Cultures Geography Reminder: Map quiz on 3/27 Square=modern culture, circle=prehistoric. Other Southwest Prehistoric Cultures Mogollon : - Sinagua : - - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Notes 3/11• Wolf essays due next time
– Clarifying citing of websites– Come see us during office hours
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• SW Prehistoric Cultures Geography• Reminder: Map quiz on 3/27• Square=modern culture, circle=prehistoric
Chaco
Mesa Verde
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Other Southwest Prehistoric Cultures
• Mogollon:
– -• Sinagua: -
• Environmental-human aspects
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Mogollon Rim
• Transition between –
• Crosses AZ and NM
• -
• -
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Mogollon Climate
• -• -
• -
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Mogollon Ecosystems
• Rocky Mt. like– -– -
– -– -
• Forests quite productive.
White Mountains, AZ
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Mimbres, NM
• -• -• -
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Mogollon Habitation
As with other cultures:• -• -
– Point of Pines Pueblo: •-•-•-
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Mogollon Subsistence
• Big and small game– -
– -• Native and cultivated plants
– -
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Pinyon Pine
• -• -
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Mogollon Agriculture
• Central Highlands not perfect for corn:– -– -– -– -
• Little water control– -
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Mogollon Pottery
• Started out plain• Ultimately,
Mimbres magic– -– -– -
– -
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Saltwater fish?
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Mogollon Termination
AD 1300:– -
• But, drought from 1325 – 1355– -– -– -
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Winner: Most Heartbreaking Abandonment• -• - .-
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Sinagua
• Derivative of Mogollon– -
• Northern group: = --– -– -
• Southern group: = --– -– -
• Don’t miss Montezuma and Wupatki.
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Northern
Southern
Sinagua
Wupatki
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Colton: Black Sand• - • -
– - • -• -
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Any Need to Study Past Abrupt Environmental Events?
• Katrina– -– -– -
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Rin
g w
idth
Time
A.D. 1064
Con
trol
Even
t
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AD 1064
10201030
1050
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An Issue with Black Sand Theory
• Eruption of Sunset Crater: = --
• First tree-ring dates of Wupatki: = --• -
• Could AD 1064 signal be due to something else?
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How to study Sunset Crater eruption better?
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El Tocón Paricutinense
4
3
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Northern Sinagua Subsistence
• Small game hunting:– -
• --• Agriculture innovations:
– -•-•-
– -
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Northern Sinagua Abandonment
• By AD 1250– : -
• -• Early 1300s: -
• -
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Verde Valley Sinagua
Nice place:• -• -• -
– -• Elevational ecotone:
– -
– -
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Montezuma Castle• Deep in a limestone cave
• 5 stories
• 50 rooms
• Mis-named
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Why Cliff Dwelling?
• Defense: -• Farmland: -
• Floods: -• Weathering: -• -
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N
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Montezuma Well
• -
• -• -• -
• A must-see.
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• -
• -
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What Environmentally Could Possibly Go Wrong at Montezuma’s Well?
• Modern day arsenic = 100 µg/L– 1 L = 1000 ml = 1000 g– 1 µg/L = 1 part per billion (ppb)
• US EPA limits– Pre-2000: 50 ppb– Proposed: 5 ppb
• Health effects: cancers, other illnesses
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Mogollon/Sinagua Summary• Mogollon– mountains
– Hunting, gathering, some farming– Pinyon nuts– Some terraces– Big sites (400 rooms)
• Mogollon (Mimbres)– Alluvium & farming– Elaborate pottery– Big pueblos—400+rooms
• Depopulations—ca. 1300s—slightly later than Kayenta; drought
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Mogollon/Sinagua Summary
• Sinagua North & South
• North—Flagstaff area– Sunset Crater (modern homework)– Land rush– Erosion of black sand; drought ca. 1350
• South—Verde Valley– Montezuma Castle—passive solar– Montezuma Well—arsenic– Abandoned by mid-1300s