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Energy moves outward from the source until it is lost to the universe usually as heat.TRANSCRIPT
NOTE: This presentation was not made for public use. Please do not use this presentation without my permission and the permission of each of the authors of the photographs, quotes, and other materials that they contain.
Thank you, Vicki Hughes
Labs and Activities for this Presentation:Balloon Hair
Christmas Lights and Batteries
ENERGY
UNIT 3
Energy moves outward from the source until it is lost to the universe usually as heat.
POTENTIAL AND KINETIC ENERGY
Potential Energy = energy due to position or condition
Law of Conservation of Energy = energy can be transformed but not created or destroyed.
ACT L15 – only #1 and #4 are required. Bonus Points for #2 and #3!!EOG L7
THERMODYNAMICS
Thermal Energy = energy of moving particlesTemperature = measure of
average kinetic energy
Heat energy moves from an area of hotter to an area of cooler until the entire area becomes equally warm.
What is Energy? The ability to cause a change in matter
or the ability to do work.
Potential Energy = energy waiting to happenKinetic Energy = energy in motion
Calculating Energy
Gravitational Potential Energy (due to height): PE = mgh
mass = 100 kg
mass =200 kg
heig
ht =
20
m
heig
ht =
15
m
grav
ity =
9.8
m/s
/s
PE of red ball = 100 kg x 9.8 m/s/s x 20 m = 19,600 Joules
PE of blue ball = 200 kg x 9.8 m/s/s x 15 m = 29,400 Joules
1st Law of Thermodynamics = energy can change form but cannot be created or destroyed.
Cellular Respiration changes chemical energy to ATP and heat.
2nd Law of Thermodynamics = some energy is always lost to the surroundings as heat.
Entropy = energy that cannot be used to do work..
The energy in this cup of coffee is being lost to its surroundings. It is adding to the entropy of the universe.
The energy of the Sun is useful on Earth, but the energy of Earth is released into
space where it is useless.
ACT L16 #1 & 2 only.
Energy Resources & Environmental Impact
Renewable = can be replaced or cannot be used upNonrenewable = used faster than it can be replaced
Fossil Fuels = our primary source of energy
Nonrenewable
Fossil Fuels
• Coal = solid, made from fossilized plants
• Petroleum (crude oil) = liquid, made from fossilized sea organisms.
• Natural Gas = found along with petroleum.
Renewable• Solar energy = photovoltaic
cells changes sun energy into electricity.
• Wind energy = moving air turns turbines
• Hydropower = moving water turns turbines
• Biomass energy = living things used to create energy
• Geothermal energy = heat from mantle
EOG L8
Using and Conserving Energy Resources
1950s = We provided our own energy resources (mostly coal).Now = We rely on fossil fuels (oil) from other countries.
1. ____ Na3PO4 + ____ KOH ____ NaOH + ____ K3PO4
2. ____ NH3 + ____ H2SO4 ____ (NH4)2SO4
Lise Meitner worked on radioactivity and nuclear physics. Meitner was part of the team that discovered nuclear fission, an achievement for which her colleague Otto Hahn was awarded the Nobel Prize.
Nuclear Power
Nonrenewable
Nuclear Power uses fission of uranium atoms which are nonrenewable.
Nuclear Power
The accident at Chernobyl, Ukraine, was the worst in history.
What happened at Chernobyl? http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=endscreen&v=BfKm0XXfiis&NR=1
The first minutes of Chernobyl http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zyHvDhILYl8
Roadrunner Energy Transformations https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i6e-KrNCe_E
EOG L9