note. lecture 13 3 feb. 2015 anthropology of nutrition
TRANSCRIPT
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Note
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Lecture 13 3 Feb. 2015
ANTHROPOLOGY OF NUTRITION
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SOUTH PACIFIC
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FOOD CHOICES
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Food selection variously based on:
• Family decisions about what to eat
• women on the roster as cook
• in some communities women not allowedto cook if menstruating
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Food choices also based on:
• coordination between cook and harvesters
• immediately upon harvesting the food is replanted
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Food selection variously based on:
primarysecondaryfall back foods
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primary secondary fall back
Tahiti taro, breadfruit bananas sweet potato
Ocean coconuts none none
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TASTE-WHO LIKES WHAT?
SAMOAN PEOPLE
LIKE BREADFRUIT UNDERRIPE SINCE DONOT LIKE SWEET
TRUK PEOPLE
LIKE POPOI (FERMENTED BREADFRUIT)A DELICACY – CAN VARY ACIDITY TO TASTE BY ADDING MORE OF LESS FRESHBREADFRUIT
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ANTHROPOLOGICAL DEFINITION OF TASTE IS LARGELY BASED ON WHAT WE KNOW
BITTERSWEETSOURSALT
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BUT YET POLYNESIAN WORD FOR SALTY IS “MASI”
ACTUALLY REFERS TO FOODS FERMENTED IN PITS
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WHAT EVER GOVERNS FOOD CHOICES ONE WANTS TO TRY TO MEET THE SIX DIETARY PRINCIPLES
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VARIETY
PLANTS- MANY DIFFERENT STARCH FOODS
ON ATOLLS –LIMITED RANGE OF FOOD-VARIETY IS ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT
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VARIETY IN PART BROUGHT ON BY:
SEASONAL FOODS SUCH AS BREADFRUIT
WESTERNERS LIKE CAPTAIN COOKLEAVING VARIOUS SEEDS
ONLY PUMPKINS, MELONS AND PINEAPPLES WERE SUCCESSFUL AMONG THE SEEDS LEFT
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VARIED INVENTORY CAN BE STORED
VARIETY IS A FORM OF INSURANCE
THIS IS IMPORTANT IN TIMES OF HURRICANE OR STORM
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MODERATION
THERE IS AN EXPRESSION IN THE SOUTH PACIFIC
“EAT WHILE YOU SEE IT”
OBVIOUSLY THERE WOULD BE TIMES OF FOOD SHORTAGE IN CONTRAST TONORTH AMERICA
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Large amounts of food prepared for TongaChiefs
Lots of work went into the preparation of such meals
Believed that a well fed form was a symbol of strength
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A well fed chief was a symbol of a prosperoussociety
Also if people are well fed people and the visitors are well fed then it is an indication that the visitors are well looked after
Is this concept universal?
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Seasonal variation in food supply leads to gorging
However, food is less nutrient dense and musteat more energy to get sufficient nutrients
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Factors affecting food choices in the South Pacific
-food classification
-factors at the household and communitymust be taken into account
-social and biological factors