not by bread alone - westcliff bible churchtitle: not by bread alone.pmd author: administrator...

A∏w sIm≠p

am-X-a√

thZ]pkvXI D]tZißƒ ]Tn°p∂Xn\mbn Xømdm°nbn´p≈ cq]tcJ

AXn∂p Ah≥ : ""a\pjy≥ A∏w sIm≠p amXa√, ssZhØns‚

hmbn¬IqSn hcp∂ kIe hN\w sIm≠pw Pohn°p∂p''

F∂p FgpXnbncn°p∂p F∂p DØcw ]d™p.

(aØmbn. 4:4)

tUmIvS¿ Ãosh≥ hm´¿lukv

Th. M., D.Min.

Other Bookd By Steven Waterhouse

Strength For His People, A MinistryFor the Families of the Mentally Ill

The Sancity of Life

Blessed Assurance: A Defence of the Docterine of Eternal Security

What Must I Do To Be Saved?The Bible’s Definition of Saving Faith

Life’s Tough Questions

Holy Matrimony: The Image of God in the Family

For additional unpublished research and theological studyquestions for Not By Bread Alone, see www.webtheology.com

KŸI¿Ømhns\°pdn®v

Dr. Ãosh≥ hm´¿lukv 1985 apX¬ sSIvkmknse Aadnt√mbnep≈ shÃvIvfn v ss__nƒ

N¿®ns‚ ipiqjI\mbn tkh\w A\pjvTn°p∂p. At±lw Umfkv XntbmfPn°¬

skan\mcnbn¬ \n∂p D. Min. Iym∏n‰¬ ss__nƒ skan\mcn em≥lman¬ \n∂p M.D Dw

(F_mb Ko°v `mjIfn¬ Th.M); an®nKWnep≈ kv]nMv B¿_¿ bqWnthgvkn‰nbn¬

\n∂v(B.A., Social Science) Km≥Uv dm∏nUvknep≈ tIm¿W¿ tÃm¨ bqWnthgvkn‰nbn¬

\n∂v MI UnKnIfpw kºmZn®n´p≠v.

Dr. Ãosh≥ hm´¿lukn\pw `mcy a¿en\pw aq∂v a°fmWp≈Xv; Imƒ´¨, \mYm≥,

sdbv®¬.

Cu ]pkvXIsØ°pdn®p≈ IqSpX¬ hnhcßƒ°v:

http://www.webtheology.com

Christian Mission SocietyPost Box No. 230

Kottayam - 686 001Kerala; India

Cell: 09447289458E - mail: [email protected]

Cu ]pkvXIsØ°pdn®v IqSpX¬ Adnbphm≥

XmXv]cyap≈h¿ NphsS sImSpØncn°p∂ hnemkØn¬

Rßfpambn _‘s∏´mepw :

BapJw

ssZhØn\p amXta ]q¿ÆXbp≈ Hcp ]pkvXIw FgpXphm≥ km[n°bp≈p. Rm≥

]Tn∏n°p∂Xv ssZhoI kXyØns‚ ASnÿm\w AXmbXp Iqins‚ ssZhimkvXw

amXta \ap°v a\ nem°phm≥ Ignbq F∂mbncp∂ eqY¿ hnizkn®ncp∂Xv.

F∂m¬ Im¬hn≥ ian®Xv Hcp Iam\pKXamb thZimkvXw ]q¿ØoIcn°phm\m

bncp∂p F∂pamWv. c≠p t]cpw icnbmbncp∂p. Hcp ]q¿Æamb thZimkvXw

F∂Xp A m≤yamWv F∂ncp∂mepw ssZhhN\Øn¬ G‰hpw IrXyamb D]tZiw

ASßnbn´p≠v.

\ΩpsS G‰hpw \√ ]bXv\ßƒ ""Ct∏mƒ \mw IÆmSnbn¬ ISsamgnbmbn

ImWp∂p'' (1 sImcn. 13:12) Fs∂gpXnbncn°p∂Xn\v XpeyamWv. hogvN `hn®

a\ pIfpw ]cnanXnIfp≈ PohnXhpw D≈hcmb \ap°v XncpshgpØnse F√m

D]tZißsfbpw a\ nem°phmt\m hI Xncn°phmt\m Ignbp∂X√. ""t`mj\p

Xs‚ hgn sNm∆mbn tXm∂p∂p''(kZr. 12:15) F∂mWv kZriyhmIyw Xcp∂

ap∂dnbn∏v. hnImc[z\n Dfhm°phm≥ ]kn≤oIcWßƒ°v IgnIbn√∂Xp t]mse

Cu D]tZin KŸØns‚ FgpØpImc\pw Cu IpdhpIƒ D≈XmsW∂v sXfnbn®p

]dbp∂p≠v. AXpt]mse hmb\°mcmb Iq´p hnizmknIƒ ]pcpj\pw kvXobpw

CXp F√m ]ImcØnepw Aßs\ H∂msW∂v Nn¥n°cpXv. bYm¿∞Øn¬

Bgtadnb XncphN\]T\hpw At\zjWhpw (KthjWw) Xs∂t∏mse kXym

t\zjWw \SØnbhcpw D]tZi kXyßtfmSp tbmPn°phm≥ IgnbmØhtcmSpw

klXm]hpw kvt\lhpw ImWn°phm\mWv klmbn®n´p≈Xv. ssZhoI kXy

ßfpsS Cu Is≠Ø¬ a‰p≈hcpsS ]cniaßƒ°v ta¬ kΩ¿±w sNepØn

Ahscs°m≠nXp AwKoIcn∏n°p∂Xn\mbn´√. \ΩpsS ]m]ßfpsS ]cnlmcØn

\mbn acn®S°s∏SpIbpw, acn®hcpsS CSbn¬ \n∂v ho≠pw Dbn¿sØgpt∂¬°p

Ibpw sNbvX ssZh]pX\mb tbipInkvXphn¬ \Ωƒ hnizkn°p∂p F¶n¬

c£tbbpw Iq´mbvatbbpw a\ nem°phm\p≈ D]tZißfpambn tbmPn°phm≥

]bmkap≠mIbn√.

F∂n´pw ssZhw \sΩ Hm¿sΩs∏SpØp∂Xv \mw ]q¿ÆlrZbtØmsS Ahs\

At\zjn°Ww F∂mWv(bnsc. 29:13). Ah≥ \tΩmSv I¬∏n°p∂Xv cmhpw ]Iepw

Ahs‚ hN\w \mw [ym\n°Wsa∂mWv(tbmiphm. 1:8). ]utemkv XntamtYtbm

knt\mSp ]d™Xp Ah≥ ]q¿Æambn XncpshgpØn¬ i≤mep Bbncn°Ww

(1 Xnsam. 4:13; 15˛16). ssZhhN\w \ap°v Pohs‚ A∏w BIp∂p(aØmbn 4:4).

XncpshgpØns\ ssZhhN\ambn hmkvXhambn \mw hnizkn°p∂psh¶n¬ AXnse

G‰hpw sNdpXmb hnhcWw t]mepw \Ωn¬ Bthiw Dfhm°pw. ss__nfns\

kºq¿Æambn \ap°v a\ nem°phm≥ IgnbmsX h∂mepw, ssZhØn\p

sIm≈mhp∂ the°mc\mbn \n∂psIm≠v ""kXyhN\sØ bYm¿∞ambn ]kwKn

°phm≥'' \ap°v km[n°Ww(2 Xnsam. 2:15). \ΩpsS apgph≥ i≤bpw ss__nfn¬

\¬InsIm≠v ]q¿Æi‡ntbmsS AXns\ ]Tn°Ww. IqSpX¬ InkvXym\nIfpw

H∂pw am‰n hbv°msXbpw ]q¿Æambn ssZhhN\w ]Tn°Wsa∂p≈ Iev]\sb

Dt]£n°p∂p. A]Imcw Xs∂ [mcmfw InkvXym\nIƒ XßfpsS hnImcßƒ°pw

]cnNbßƒ°pw ]m[m\yw \¬InsIm≠mWv ]Tn°p∂Xv. hnImcßƒ°v hnebp

s≠¶n¬ AXv ssZhhN\ kXyßƒ°p tbmPn®]Imcw Bbncnt°Ww F∂p

k` ap∂dnbn∏p sImSpt°Ww. F√m hnizmknIfpw ]tXyIn®v InkvXob ]h¿

ØI¿ ssZhk∂n[nbn¬ IW°p t_m[n∏nt°≠nbhcmsW∂dn™p ""Xncpshgp

ØpIsf AXp Aßs\ Xs∂tbm F∂p Zn\w ]Xn ]cntim[nt°≠XmWv''(At∏m.

]. 17:11). Bhp∂X hniZoIcWw Hmtcm∂ns\°pdn®pw \¬Ip∂Xn\v ]q¿Æ iaw

\SØnbn´p \S∂p F∂p ]dbphm≥ Rm≥ bs∏Sp∂n√. Rm≥ hn\b]q¿∆w ]dbs´

Fs‚ Cu KthjWw Ip‰an√mXmIphm≥ hy‡n]cambn henb XymKw kln®p

sIm≠mWv Zo¿L h¿jßƒ ss__nƒ ]T\w ]q¿Æi‡ntbmsS \SØnbXv.

\mw ssZhapºmsI IW°v t_m[n∏nt°≠hcmsW∂dn™p ssZhhN\sØ

Ae£yam°cpXv. AXns\ Pohs‚ A∏am°nbm¬ \ap°v ]Xn^ehpw A\p

Klhpw e`n°pw. InkvXob t\Xm°∑m¿°p Hcp ipiqj e`n°p∂Xn\p ap∂ta

Hcp ktµiw Bbncn°pw e`n°p∂Xv. ssZhØn\pth≠n kwkmcn°p∂p F∂

AhImihmZw bm\IamWv. Ctøm_ns‚ ]pkvXIØn¬ am\pjnI A`n]mbßfpw,

Dulmt]mlßfpwsIm≠p BtemN\ sImSp°pIbpw ]Tn∏n°pIbpw sNbvXh

tcmSpIqsSbpw ssZhw Pohn°p∂Xmbn hmbn°p∂p(Ctøm. 38:2). kXy k‘ambn

Imcyßƒ ssIImcyw sNømØh¿°v in£mhn[n hcpsa∂v ssZhw ap∂dnbn∏v

\¬Ip∂p(bmt°m. 3:1).

A¿lXs∏´ ipjvIm¥nbpw, i≤bpw, _lpam\hpw ssZhØn\v \nßƒ \¬Ip∂

]£w Cu ]T\w aqew \nßƒ°v klmbhpw A\pKlhpw ]m]n°phm≥

Ignbpsa∂mWv Fs‚ ]Xymi.

tUm. Ãosh≥ hm´¿lukv

AwKoImcßƒ

ssZhØns‚ hnizkvXcmb At\Iw Zmk∑m¿ Cu hnjbØn¬ ]h¿Øn®n´p≠v.

F∂m¬ \ns∂ IqSmsX Fs‚ kz¥ i‡nt]mepw

]cmPbs∏Spambncp∂p.

Hugh Akin

Daphne Barry Cox

Dan Bentley

Mary Daily

Dwight Davis

Stephen Hayward

Janet Kampschroeder

Alan N. Good, Editor

ka¿∏Ww

tIm¨KntKj≥ Hm v shÃv ¢n v ss__nƒ N¿®v, Aadnt√m, sSIvkmkv. ssZhw

\nßfpsS Bflm¿∞amb Xocpam\sØ AwKoIcn®ncn°p∂p, Fs¥∂m¬

hnizkvXXtbmsS ssZhhN\Øns‚ A≤ym]I ipiqjbv°mbn ka¿∏Ww

sNbvXncn°p∂p. IqSmsX ssZhhN\tØmSp≈ \nßfpsS Bgtadnb

kvt\lØm¬ h¿jßfmbn \SØp∂ ss__nƒ ÃUnbpw c≠mw Xc°mcmbn

]pdIn¬ \n¬°p∂htcm BImsX an\nkvSnbpsS ap≥]¥nbn¬ \n∂p≈

klmbhpw ]iwk\obw Xs∂. kmºØnI klmbhpw hnes∏´Xp Xs∂.

F¶nepw AXnte°mfp]cnbmbn \nßƒ ImWn® Bflm¿∞amb klIcßfmWv

XncpshgpØns‚ Cu KthjW ]≤Xnsb km≤yam°nØo¿ØXv. AXpt]mse

Rm≥ k¿∆Zm kvacn°p∂ as‰mcmfmWv Fs‚ mZ¿ C≥ sem. ]mÃ¿ d ¬. Un.

Atk¬´ns‚ InkvXob amXrIbpw, PohnXhpw, DZmlcWßfpw (1937˛1990). Cu

]pkvXIØns‚ Ih¿ t]Pn¬ sImSpØncn°p∂ ss__nƒ At±lØnt‚XmWv.

Ãosh≥ hm´¿lukv

hnj-b-hn-hcw

A≤ym-bw 1: _n_vfn-tbmfPn, thZ-]p-kvI-sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ D]-tZiw 13

A≤ym-bw 2: Xntbm-f-Pn- t]m-∏¿, ssZh-sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ D]-tZiw 27

A≤ym-bw 3: Fbv©-temfPn, ZqX-∑m-sc-∏-‰n-bp≈ D]-tZiw 43

A≤ym-bw 4: km‰m-t\m-f-Pn, kmØms\∏-‰n-bp≈ D]-tZiw 51

A≤ym-bw 5: Uoa-t\m-f-Pn, `qX-ß-sf-∏-‰n-bp≈ D]-tZiw 63

A≤ym-bw 6: A¥-t∏m-f-Pn, a\p-jy-s\-∏-‰n-bp≈ D]-tZiw 73

A≤ym-bw 7: lmat‰m-f-Pn, ]m]-sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ D]-tZiw 85

A≤ym-bw 8: IntÃm-f-Pn, tbipInkvXp-hn-s\-∏-‰n-bpff D]-tZiw 95

A≤ym-bw 9: tkm‰o-cn-tbm-f-Pn, c£-sb-∏-‰n-bp≈ D]-tZiw

`mKw 1: Hcp°s∏´ c£ 111

`mKw 2: ]tbmKnIam°nb c£ 139

`mKw 3: c£bpsS ^eßƒ 187

A≤ym-bw 10: \yqat‰m-fPn

`mKw 1: ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-s\-∏-‰n-bp≈ D]-tZiw 251

`mKw 2: ]cnip≤mflmhns‚ hcßƒ 295

A≤ym-bw 11: F¢o ntbm-f-Pn, k -sb-∏-‰n-bp≈ D]-tZiw 329

A≤ym-bw 12: FkvI-t‰m-fPn, `mhn-Ime kw`hßsf∏-‰n-bp-ff

D]-tZ-iw 399

13

cq]-tcJ

I. BapJw

A. thZ-]p-kvX-I-im-kvXhpw

X¿°imkvXhpw XΩn-ep≈ hyXymkw

B. thZ-]p-kvX-I-Øns‚ A]-am-Zn-XzsØ

sXfn-bn-°p∂ DØ-a- coXn

1. thZ-]p-kvX-I-Øns‚ hnizmko-bX

2. InkvXp-hns‚ km£yw

3. thZ-]p-kvX-I-Øns‚ ssZhoI Bcw`w

II. shfn-∏mSv

A. \n¿∆-N\w

B. shfn-∏mSpw ssZh-\n-izm-ko-b-Xbpw XΩn-

ep≈ hyXymkw

C. hnhn[ Xcw shfn-∏m-Sp-Iƒ

1. s]mXp-sh-fn-∏mSv AYhm ]Ir-Xym-

bp≈ shfn-∏mSv

2. ]tXyI shfn-∏mSv

a. ssZhoI ]Xy£XIƒ

b. tIƒ°-s∏-Sp∂ ktµiw

c. ImW-s∏´ A¤p-X-ßƒ, AS-bm-fßƒ-

hocy ]hrØnIƒ

d. ZqXktµihmlnIƒ

e. No´v

f. Ddoapw XpΩnapw

g. kz]v\-ßƒ

h. Z¿i\ßƒ

i. Ckm-tb¬ NcnXw

j. I¿Ømhmb tbipInkvXphns‚

hmsamgnbmep≈ ]Tn∏n°epIfpw

PohnXhpw

k. ]gb \nb-ahpw ]pXnb \nb-ahpw

D. Fgp-X-s∏´ shfn-∏mSv

1. Iam\pKXamb

2. ka-K-amb sXfn-hp-Iƒ C√m-Øh

3. efn-X-am°s∏´Xv

4. ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂p a\p-jy\p e`n®

]tXyI shfn-∏mSv

III.ssZh \nizm-ko-bX

A. \n¿∆-N\w

B. ssZh-\n-izm-kn-bXsb°pdn®p≈ -

ImgvN-∏m-SpIƒ

1. sX‰mb ImgvN-∏m-Sp-Iƒ

a. tIs -gpØv

b. Bib]cambXp

c. `mKn-I-am-bXv

d. ]IrXymbp≈Xv

2. icnbmb ImgvN∏mSv(Cc´ KŸI¿ØrXzw)

C. XncpshgpØns\°pdn®p≈ ]gb \nba

D]tZiw

1. ][m\ ssien

2. ]hm-N-I-∑m-cp-sSbpw \ymb-]-am-W-Øn-

s‚bpw ]kvXm-h\

3. Imhy-]p-kvX-I-ß-fnse ]kvX-mh\Iƒ

D. ]pXnb\nbaw ]gb\nbatØmSv Xpeysa∂

AhImihmZw

1. ]gb\nba FgpØpImcs\t∏mse

Xs∂bp≈ A\p`hßƒ ]pXnb\nba

FgpØpIm¿°paps≠∂p≈ hmZw

2. ]pXnb\nbaw kzbta XncpshgpØv

F∂v hnfn°p∂p

a. ]tXm-kn¬ \n∂v

b. ]utem-kn¬ \n∂v

E. XncpshgpØns\°pdn®p≈ ]pXn-b\n-ba

D]-tZiw

1. XncpshgpØpIsf°pdn®v InkvXphns‚

ImgvN∏mSv

a. am‰-s∏-SmØ hnh-cWw

b. kXy-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ henb hm©

A≤ymbw 1

_n_vfntbmfPnthZ-]p-kvX-IsØ∏‰nbp≈ D]-tZ-iw

14

c. sX‰n°qSmbva

2. XncpshgpØns\°pdn®p≈ At∏m-kvX-

e-∑m-cpsS ImgvN∏mSv

IV.Bfl]Im-i\w

V. Imt\m\nIX

A. ]g-b-\nba Imt\m≥

B. ]pXn-b-\n-ba Imt\m≥

VI. thZ-]p-kvX-I-Øns‚ aqeKŸw

VII. thZ-]p-kvX-I -im-kvXhpw XpS¿ shfn-∏mSpw

A. k -bv°p≈ A[nImcØns‚ ASnÿm\w

B. k -bpsS ka-Im-enI A[n-Imcw

C. a‰p ]cn-K-W\Iƒ

VIII. thZ-]p-kvX-I- im-kvXhpw k`m-N-cn-Xhpw

_n_vfntbmfPn:

thZ-]p-kvX-IsØ∏‰nbp≈

D]-tZ-iw

I. BapJw

A. thZ-]p-kvX-I -im-kvXhpw X¿°imkvXhpw

XΩn-ep≈ hyXymkw

thZ-]p-kvX-I -im-kvXhpw X¿°imkvXhpw XΩn¬

hyXymkaps≠∂p a\- n-em-t°≠Xp hfsc AXym-

h-iy-am-Wv. ]T-\-Øns‚ hnhn[ taJ-e-I-fn¬ \n∂p≈

hkvXp-\n-jvT-amb kXy-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-ß-fn-emWv

thZ-]p-kvX-I-Øns‚ \nkvXp-ey-Xhpw hniz-k\ob-

Xbpw sXfn-bn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. ]T-\-Øns‚ Cu e£y-

sØ-bmWv X¿°imkvXw F∂p hn-fn-°p-∂-Xv.

X¿°imkvX⁄∑m¿ Ahkm\n∏n°p∂nSØp

\n∂mWv thZ]pkvXIimkvXw Bcw`n°p∂Xv.

CXmWv Ch XΩnep≈ sshcp≤yw thZ]pkvXIw

hnizmktbmKysa∂p Is≠ØnbXneqsSbmIp∂p

Hcp hnZym¿∞n ]T\w Bcw n°p∂Xv. XncpshgpØns‚

Bcw`w kz`mhw F∂o XncphN\ ]Tn∏n°ens\

°pdn®p≈ KthjWØntebv°mbncn°pw Ah≥

]n∂oSv NphSv hbv°p∂Xv. thZ]pkvXI imkvXØns‚

Dt±iyw XncpshgpØns\ Xo¿®s∏SpØpItbm

\nba km[pX hcpØpItbm A√, ]XypX Xncpshgp

Øns\°pdn®p≈ thZ]pkvXI ]T\sØ hnIkn∏n

s®Sp°pI F∂XmWv. XncpshgpØpsIm≠v Xncp

shgpØns\ km[qIcn°phm≥ X¿°ßfneqsS ian

°p∂h¿°v bmYmÿnXnI ssZhimkvX⁄∑m¿

D]tbmKn°p∂ coXn a\ nem°m≥ Ignbp∂n√.

thZ]pkvXIØns‚ A]amZnXyw ÿm]n°phm≥

D]tbmKn°p∂ Nne coXnIƒ Npcp°ambn ChnsS

hniZam°p∂p.

B. thZ-]p-kvXI A]-am-ZnXzw ÿm]n-°p∂ Nne

coXn

1. ]co-£n-°phm≥ Ignbp∂ F√m ta-J-e-I-fnepw thZ-

]p-kvXIw kXy-k-‘hpw hnizm-ko-b-hp-am-sW∂p

sXfn-bn-°s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. (Xm¿ imkvX⁄-∑m-cpsS

Nn¥m-a-WvU-e-am-Wv)

2. Cu hnizk\ob-amb ]am-W-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-

Øn¬ tbip-InkvXphpw Xs‚ AwKoIrX t\Xm°

∑mcpw thZ]pkvXIsØ°pdn®pw CXc ssZhim

kvXkw_‘ Imcyßsf°pdn®pw ]Tn∏n®Xv \mw

hnizknt°≠XmWv.

an° ssZh-im-kvX-]camb XXz-ßfpw a‰p ]cn-tim-

[-\-Iƒ IqSmsX InkvXp-hn-s‚ A[nImcØnep≈

hnizm-k-Øm¬ AwKo-I-cn-t°≠XmWv (F√m ssZh-

im-kvX-Øn-s‚bpw ASn-ÿm-\-an-Xm-Wv).

3. XncpshgpØns‚ ssZhnI Bcw`w Ip‰-a-‰-sX∂v

InkvXp-hpw, At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cpw, ]hm-N-I-∑mcpw ]Tn-

∏n-®p. (C-XmWv thZ-]p-kvXI imkvX-Øns‚

Nn¥m[m-c)

II. shfn-∏mSv

A. \n¿∆-N\w

ssZhw a\pjy\p \¬Ip∂ kXyamb Bib

hn\nabamWv shfn∏mSv.

B. shfn-∏mSpw ssZh-\n-izm-ko-b-Xbpw XΩn-ep≈

hyXymkw

shfn-∏mSv Hcn-°epw ssZh \nizm-kn-b-sX-b-√. ssZhw

a\p-jy\p, ]tXyIn®v ]hm-N-I-∑m¿°pw At∏m-kvX-

e-∑m¿°pw kXyw ]I¿∂p sImSp°ptºmgmWv

shfn∏mSv D≠mIp∂Xv. a‰p-≈-h¿°v ]tbm-P-\-]-Z-

am -Ip∂Xn\pth≠n shfn -∏m-S v IrXyXtbmsS

tcJs∏SpØp∂Xns\ ssZhw- ÿncoIcn°ptºm

gmWv ssZh\nizmkobX kw`hn°p∂Xv.

C. hnhn-[-Xcw shfn-∏m-Sp-Iƒ

1. krjvSn, a\ m£n F∂nhbneqsS F√m-°m-

eØpw F√m a\p-jy¿°pw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ kXy-

amWv s]mXp-sh-fn-∏mSv (Cu-tøm_v 12: 7˛9; k¶o. 19:

1˛3; tbml. 1:4; At∏m. 14: 15- 17; 17: 24˛28; tdma. 1:19˛20;

2: 14- 15; 2 ]sXm.3: 5)

A∏w sIm≠p- am-X-a√

15

BImiw ssZh-Øns‚ al-XzsØ h¿Æn-

°p∂p. BIm-i-hn-Xm\w Ahs‚ ssIthesb

]kn-≤-am-°p-∂p. ]I¬ ]I-en\p hm°p

s]mgn-°p-∂p. mj-W-an-√, hm°p-I-fn-√, i_vZw

tIƒ∏m-\p-an√ (k-¶o. 19:1- 3).

ssZh-sØ-°p-dn®v Adn-bm-Ip-∂Xv Ah¿°v

shfn-hm-bn-cn-°p-∂p; ssZhw Ah¿°v shfn-hm-

°nbt√m. Ahs‚ \nXy-i-‡nbpw Znhy-Xz-hp-

ambn Ahs‚ AZr-iy-e-£-W-ßƒ temI-kr-

jvSn- ap-X¬ Ahs‚ ]hr-Øn-I-fm¬ _p≤n°p-

sX-fn-hmbn shfn-s∏´p hcp-∂p. Ah¿°p ]Xn-

hm-Z-an-√m-Xn-cn-t°-≠-Xn\p Xs∂ (tdm-am. 1:19˛20).

\ymb-]-am-W-an-√mØ PmXn-Iƒ \ym-b-]-am-W-

Øn-ep-≈Xp kz`m-h-Øm¬ sNøp-tºmƒ \ymb-

]-am-W-an-√mØ Ah¿ Xßƒ°p Xs∂ Hcp

\ymb-]-amWw BIp-∂p. Ah-cpsS a\-km-£n-

bpsS km£yw ]d™pw Ah-cpsS hnNm-c-ßƒ

XΩn¬ Ip‰w NpaØpItbm ]Xn-hm-Zn-°p-

Itbm sNbvXp-sIm≠pw Ah¿ \ymb-]-am-W-

Øns‚ ]hrØn Xß-fpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ Fgp-

Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn ImWn-°p-∂p (tdm-a. 2:14˛15).

2. Hcp hy‡nt°m ]tXyI kaqlØnt\m

(Npcp°w kaqlßƒt°m) ssZhw Hcp ]tXyI

ktµiw \¬Inbt∏mgmWv ]tXyI shfn∏mSv

kw`hn®Xv. Xmsgs°mSpØncn°p∂Xv ]tXyI

shfn∏mSns‚ cq]ßfmIp∂p.

a. ssZhnI ]Xy£XIƒ(I¿Ømhns‚ ZqXs\

t∏mse qanbnep≠mb ssZhØns‚ ]Xy£XIƒ)

b. tIƒ°-s∏-Sp∂ ktµiw

c. ImW-s∏´ A¤p-X-ßƒ, AS-bm-f-ßƒ, hocy

]hrØnIƒ

d. ZqX- ktµihmlnIƒ

e. No´v

f. Ddoapw XpΩnapw

g. kz]v\-ßƒ

h. Z¿i\w

i. bnkmtbens‚ NcnXw

j. I¿Ømhmb tbipInkvXphns‚ hmsamgnbmep≈

]Tn∏n°epIfpw Pohn-Xhpw

k. ]gb \nb-ahpw ]pXnb \nb-ahpw

D. Fgp-X-s∏´ shfn-∏mSv(XncpshgpØv)

]tXyI shfn-∏m-Sns‚ as‰mcp imJ-bmWv Fgp-X-s∏´

shfn-∏mSv

1. Fgp-X-s∏´ shfn-∏m-Sp-Iƒ Iam\pKXambp≈Xm

bncp∂p. ssZhw Xs‚ kXyw sNdp`mKßfmbn

Zo¿Lamb ImeL´ßƒsIm≠v \¬InbXmWv. (Zm-

\n. 12:8˛9,13; aØm. 13:17; tbml. 16:12˛13; 1 ]sXm. 1:

10˛12)

2. ka-K-ambn sXfn-hp-Iƒ e`n-°m-Øh (B-h. 29:

28; sbi. 40:13˛17; tdma. 11:33).

3. ssZh-sØ-°p-dn®p≈ kXyw \mw Adn-tb-≠-Xn-

\p≈ efn-X-am°n FgpXs∏´ shfn-∏mSv (sb-»-øm.

55:8˛9; 1 sImcn. 13:12).

4. ssZhw a\p-jy\p \evInb ]tXyI shfn-∏m-Sp-

Isf ssZh-h-N\w km[q-I-cn-°p-∂p (]-Im-i-\w,

ImWp-I, aq∂mw `mKw C).

III. ssZh \nizmkobX

A. \n¿∆-N\w

XncpshgpØns‚ bYm¿∞ ssIsøgpØp]XnIfn¬

sX‰pIƒ IS∂pIqSmsX Xømdm°s∏´Xn¬

ssZhØns‚ \nb¥Wap≠mbncp∂p F∂XmWv

ssZh \nizmkobX. thZ]pkvXIw ssZhizmkw

Dƒs°m≠mXIp∂p F∂ A¿∞ØnemWv ssZh

\nizmkobw F∂p ]dbp∂Xv. AXmbXv

ssZhØns‚ krjvSn, ssZhoI D¬∏∂w Ch

ssZhØns‚ ]hrØnbmIp∂p. kXy ssZhØns‚

]h¿ØnbmIp∂Xn¬ thZ]pkvXIw hkvXpXm

]cambn sX‰pIfn√mXmIp∂p F∂XmWv

sX‰n°qSmbvasIm≠v A¿∞am°p∂Xv. A]am

ZnXyhpw sX‰n°qSmbvabpw Hcpt]mse D]tbmKn°m

dps≠¶nepw hkvXpXm]camb kXyØn¬ amXa√

]mtbmKnIamb BibØnepw Chbv°v

]m[m\yap≠v. thZ]pkvXIØnse hkvXpXIƒ

kXyamsW∂p amXa√ AXnse hmKvZØßƒ

F√mw ]q¿Æambn Bibn°mhp∂XmWv. Ah

\sΩ ]cmPbs∏SpØp∂n√.

B. ssZh -\n-izm-kn-b-X-bpsS ImgvN-∏m-Sp-Iƒ

XncpshgpØns‚ ]q¿Æhpw IrXyhpamb

Adnhn\mbn ssZh \nizmknXsb∏‰nbp≈ sX‰mb

[mcWIƒ Xncn®dnbpIbpw Dt]£n°pIbpw

sNbvsX¶nte ssZh \nizmknbXsb∏‰n icnbmbn

a\ nem°phm≥ IgnbpIbp≈p.

1. ssZh \nizmknbXsb∏‰nbp≈ sX‰mb ImgvN-

∏m-Sp-I-fm-Wv Xmsg sImSpØncn°p∂Xv.

a. tIs -gpØv. ssZhw a\p-jy\p thZ-]p-kvX-I-Ønse

F√m hm°p-Ifpw ]d™psImSpØp AhcXp tI v

FgpXn.

_n_vfntbmfPn: thZ-]p-kvX-I-sØ∏‰nbp≈ D]-tZ-iw

16

b. Bib]cambXv. ssZhw a\pjy¿°v AhchcpsS

Ignhn\\pkcn®v tcJs∏SpØp∂Xn\pth≠

Bibßƒ \¬In F∂ hmZKXnbmWv.

c. kzm`mKoI ssZh \nizmkobXm hmZw. thZ]pkvXIw

aX]camb taJeIfn¬ ssZh \nizmkobsa¶nepw

atXXc hnjbßfn¬ sX‰pIfp≠mIm≥ km[y

Xbp≠v F∂ ImgvN∏mSmWnXv.

d. kzm`mhnI ssZh \nizmknbXhmZw

\√ Hcp Ihntbm kwKoX⁄t\m X\n°p e`n®n

cn°p∂ kzbkn≤amb Ignhp]tbmKn°p∂Xp

t]mse XncpshgpØv FgpXs∏´Xpw FgpØpIm¿°v

]IrXymbp≈ IgnhpsIm≠mW∂p≈ ImgvN∏mSm

WnXv

2. icn-bm-b ImgvN∏mSpIƒ(Cc´KŸ I¿ØrXzw)

a\pjy\pw ssZhhpw Hcpan®p tN¿∂psIm≠p≈

KŸI¿ØrXzamWv XncpshgpØn\p≈Xv F∂XmWv

icnbmb ImgvN∏mSv. ssZhw shfns∏SpØnbXn

\mepw CXns‚ FgpØn∂p ta¬t\m´w hln®

Xn\mepw CXv sX‰pIfn¬\n∂v hnap‡amWv. F∂n-

cp-∂mepw Fgp-Øp-Im-cs‚ `mjm-co-Xnbpw hn⁄m-

\hpw a‰pw A\p-h-Zn-®p. Fgp-Øp-Im-cpsS ssien-I-

fn¬ Fgp-Xn-sb-¶nepw ssZhw Iev]n-°-s∏´ hn\n-a-

b-co-Xn-bn¬ sX‰p-Iq-SmsX hkvXp-X-Iƒ ]cy-h-km-

\n®p F∂v Cc´KŸ I¿XrXz-Øns‚ ^eamWv

an° hmIy-ßfpw ssZhhpw a\p-jy\pw Hcp-an-®p-

tN¿∂v FgpXn F∂v ]dbp∂p. (a-Ømbn 1:22; 2:15;

12:17; 19:4˛5; 22:43; a¿t°m. 12:36; At∏m. 1:16; 2:16; 3:

18; 4:25; 28:25; 1 sImcn. 14:37; 1 Xnsam. 4:1; F_m. 1:

5˛13; 2:12˛13; 3:7; 4:7; 10:15).

""...-]-cn-ip-≤m-flmhv ZmhoZv apJm-¥ncw ap≥]-

d-™-Xn-cp-sh-gp-Øn\p \nhr-Øn- h-cp-hm≥ Bh-

iy-am-bn-cp∂p'' (A-t∏m. 1:6).

""... tbmth¬ ]hm-N-I-∑m¿ apJm-¥ncw Acp-

fn-sN-bvX-XsX'' (A-t∏m. 2:16).

""...-k-Ie ]hm-N-I-∑mcpw apJm-¥ncw ap∂-dn-

bn-®Xv Cßs\ \nh¿-Øn®p'' (A-t∏m. 3:18).

""...-\ns‚ Zmk-\mb ZmhoZv apJm-¥cw ]cn-ip-

≤m -flm-hn -\m¬ Acp -fn -sN-bvX-hs\' '

(A-t∏m. 4:26).

""...-sb-»øm ]hm-N-I-∑m¿ apJm-¥cw \nß-

fpsS ]nXm-°-∑m-tcmSp ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xp icn

Xs∂...'' (A-t∏m. 28:27).

C. XncpshgpØns\°pdn®p≈ ]g-b-\n-ba D]-tZiw

1. ""btlmh C]-Imcw Acp -fn -sN -øp∂p''

""I¿Ømhns‚ hN\w h∂p'' F∂nßs\bp≈

][m\ ssien Bbnc°W°n\p ]mhiyw

D]tbmKn®n´p≠v.

2. ]hm-N-I-∑m-cn-eq-sSbpw \ymb-]-am-W-Øn-eq-sSbpw

]g-b-\n-baw ssZhnI shfn-∏m-sS∂p ]d-bpI amX-

a√, ]XypX hyXykvX ka-b-ß-fn¬ AXn-se-

hm°pIƒ ssZhw ]d-™p-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw F√m ka-

b-ß-fnepw \nb-¥n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. CXmWv

A£c\n-th-inX \nizm-kn-b-X.

""\ns∂-t∏mse Hcp ]hm-N-Is\ Rm≥

Ah¿°v Ah-cpsS ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cpsS CS-bn¬

\n∂p Fgp-t∂-ev∏n®v Fs‚ hN-\-ßsf

Ahs‚ \mhn-t∑¬ B°pw. Rm≥ Ah-t\mSv

Iev]n-°p-∂-sXm-s°bpw Ah≥ Ah-tcmSv

]dbpw'' (B-h. 18:18).

btlmh A`napJambn Adn™ tamisb

t∏mse Hcp ]hmNI≥ bnkmtben¬ ]ns∂

D≠mbn´n√(Bh. 34:12).

""Zmho-Zns‚ A¥ym-h-°p-I-fm-hnXv: bn»m-bn-]p-

X≥ ZmhoZv sNm√p∂p; Hu∂Xyw ]m]n® ]pcp-

j≥ sNm√p∂p; bmt°m-_ns‚ ssZh-Øm¬

A`n -jn -‡≥, bnkm-tb-ens‚ a[p -c -

Km-b-I≥ Xs∂. btlm-h-bpsS Bflmhv

F∂n¬ kwkm-cn-°p∂p. Ahs‚ hN\w

Fs‚ \mhn-t∑¬ Ccn°pw''(2 iap. 23:1˛2).

""btlmh _e-ap≈ ssIsIm≠v Fs∂

]nSn®v Ft∂mSp Acp-fn-sN-bvXXp Rm≥ Cu

P\-Øns‚ hgn-bn¬ \S-°m-Xn-cn-t°-≠-Xn-\v...''

(sb-i. 8:11).

""D]-tZ-i-Øn\pw km£y-Øn\pw hcp-hn≥!

Ah¿ Cu hm°p-t]mse ]d-bp-∂n-√-sb-¶n¬˛

Ah¿°v Acp-tWm-Zbw D≠m-Ip-I-bn√''

(sb-i. 8:20).

""Rm≥ Ah-tcmSv sNbvXn-cn-°p∂ \nb-atam

CXm-Ip∂p F∂p btlmh Acp-fn-sN-øp-∂p.

\ns‚-ta-ep≈ Fs‚ Bflmhpw \ns‚

hmbn¬ Rm≥ X∂ Fs‚ hN-\-ßfpw \ns‚

hmbn¬ \n∂pw \ns‚ k¥-Xn-bpsS hmbn¬

\n∂pw \ns‚ k¥-Xn-bpsS k¥-Xn-bpsS

hmbn¬ \n∂pw C∂p-ap-X¬ Hcp-\mfpw hn´p-t]m-

I-bn√ F∂p btlmh Acp-fn-sN-øp-∂p''

(sb-i. 59:21).


17

""]ns∂ btlmh ssI\o´n Fs‚ hmsb

sXm´p: Rm≥ Fs‚ hN-\-ßsf \ns‚

hmbn¬ X∂n-cn-°p∂p'' (bn-c. 1:9).

""Rm≥ \ns‚ hN-\-ßsf Is≠Øn `£n-

®n-cn-°p∂p; \ns‚ hN-\-ßƒ F\n°v kt¥m-

jhpw Fs‚ lrZ-b-Øn\p B\-µhpw Bbn;

ssk\y-ß-fpsS ssZh-amb btlmth, \ns‚

\maw F\n°p hnfn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p-ht√m''

(bn-c. 15:16).

""bnkm-tb-ens‚ ssZh-amb btlmh C]-

Imcw Acp--fn-s®-bp-∂p. Rm≥ \nt∂mSp Acp-

fn-sN-bvXn-cn-°p∂ kIe hN-\-ßsfbpw Hcp

]pkvX-I-Øn¬ FgpXn hbv°p-I'' (bn-sc. 30:2).

""Ah≥ Ft∂mSv : a\p -jy -]p - Xm, \o

ImWp∂Xp Xn∂p-I, Cu Npcpƒ Xn∂n-´v sN∂v

bnkm-tb¬ Krl-tØmSv kwkm-cn° F∂p

Iev]n-®p. Rm≥ hmbv Xpd-∂p. Ah≥ B

Npcpƒ F\n°v Xn∑m≥ X∂p Ft∂mSv: a\-

jy-]p-Xm, Rm≥ \n\°v Xcp∂ Cu Npcpƒ

\o hb-‰n¬ B°n DZcw \ndbv° F∂p

Iev]n®p; Aßs\ Rm≥ AXp Xn∂p; AXp

]men¬ tX≥ t]mse a[p-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]ns∂

Ah≥ Ft∂mSv Iev∏n-®Xp, a\p-jy-]p-Xm, \o

bnkm-tb¬ Krl-Øns‚ ASp-°¬ sN∂p

Fs‚ hN-\-ßsf Ah-tcmSv ]kvXm-hn°''

(sb-sl. 3:1˛4).

3. Imhy- ]p-kvX-I-Ønse hnh-c-W-ß-fnepw Xncp

shgpØv kXyhpw \n¿Ωehpw ]q¿Æ-hpamsW∂p

]kvXmhn®ncn°p∂p (k-¶o. 12:6; 18:30; 19:7˛9; 119:

140, 142, 151, 160; kZr. 30:5).

""btlm-h-bpsS \ymb-]-am-Whpw XnI-hp-

≈Xp; AXp ]mWs\ XWp-∏n-°p∂p btlm-

h-bpsS km£yw hnizm-ky-am-Ip∂p; AXp

Aev] _p≤nsb ⁄m\n-bm-°p∂p. btlm-h-

bpsS A⁄-X-Iƒ t\cp-≈-h; Ah lrZ-

bsØ kt¥m-jn-∏n-°p∂p; btlmhbpsS

Iev]\ \n¿Ω-e-am-bXp; AXp IÆp-Isf ]Im-

in-∏n-°p∂p'' (k-¶o. 19:7˛8).

""... -\ns‚ \ymb-]-amWw kXy-am-Ip∂p''

(k-¶o. 119:142).

""...-\ns‚ Iev]-\-Isfms°bpw kXyw Xs∂''

(k-¶o. 119:151).

""...-\ns‚ h-N-\-Øns‚ kmcw kXyw Xs∂;

\ns‚ \oXn-bm-ep≈ hn[n-Iƒ Hs°bpw

Ft∂-°p-ap-≈h'' (k-¶o. 119:160).

D. ]pXnb \nbaw ]gb \nbatØmsSm∏w

Xpeysa∂p AhImihmZw

InkvXp ap∂sa Xs‚ injy-∑m-tcmSv ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-

sh∂ Imcy-ÿ≥ Ft∂°pw IqsS Ccp∂p kXy-

Øn¬ hgn \S-Øp-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n km£yw ]d-™n-cn-

°p∂p (tbm-l. 14:16). Bb-Xn-\m¬ ]gb \nb-aw

XncpshgpØmbncn°p∂Xpt]mse ]pXnb\nbahpw

BIp∂p.

1. ]g-b-\n-ba Fgp-Øp-Im-cpsS AtX A\p-`-h-hp-

ambn _‘-s∏´p shfn-∏m-Sp-Ifpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚

\nb-¥-W-hp-amWv ]pXnb \nba Fgp-Øp-Im¿ kzmb-

Ø-am-°n-bXp. amX-a√ Ah¿ ]gb \nb-a-hp-ambn

Xpey A[n-Imcw Ah-Im-i-s∏- p (tbm-l. 14:26; 15:

26˛27; 16:12---- - 14; tdma. 16:25- 26; 1 sImcn. 2:10, 13, 4:1; 11:

23; 14 37 ; 2 sImcn. 12:7; Kem. 1:11- 12; Fs^. 3:2- 5;

sImsem. 1:25- 26; 1 sX . 2:13, 2 sX . 2:15; 3:6, 14;

1 Xnsam. 4:1; 2 ]tXm. 3:1˛2; 1 tbml. 4:6; shfn. 1:1) .

2. ]pXn-b-\n-baw Xs∂ XncpshgpØv F∂p hnfn-

®n-cn-°p-∂p. XncpshgpØns\°pdn®p ]Tn∏n°p∂

][m\`mKßƒ c≠p \nbaßsfbpw Ipdn®v

]d™ncn°p∂p.

a. 2 ]sXm. 3:15˛16˛¬ ]utemkns‚ teJ\ßsf

Xncp-sh-gpØv F∂p hnfn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

b. 1 Xnsam. 5:18 ]utemkv eqt°m-kns‚ kphn-tijw

10:7 D≤-cn®v thZ-]p-kvX-IsØ Xncp-sh-gpØv F∂v

hnfn-®n-cn-°p∂p.

E. XncpshgpØns\°pdn®p≈ ]pXnb\nba D]tZiw

1. I¿Ømhn-s‚ ho£-W-amWv XncpshgpØnse

ssZh-imkvX cq]o-I-c-W-Øn\v \nZm\w. InkvXp-

hns‚ km£yw Xs∂ shfn-hm-°p-∂Xv ]gb \nbaw

Ip‰-a-‰-Xm-sW∂p AwKo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw ]pXnb \nba

Fgp-Øp-Isf ap≥s] ]am-Wn-°p-Ibpw sNbvI-bm-

bn-cp-∂p.

""Rm≥ \ymb-]-am-W-sØtbm ]hm-N-I-∑m-

sctbm \ot°-≠-Xn\p h∂p F∂p \ncq-]n-°-

cp-Xv. \o°p-hm-\√ \nh¿Øn-∏m-\sX Rm≥

h∂-Xv. kXy-am-bn´p Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp ]d-bp-

∂p. BIm-ihpw qanbpw Hgn™p t]mIpw-hsc

kI-ehpw \nhr-Øn-bm-Ip-thmfw \ymb-]-am-W-

Øn¬ \n∂p Hcp h≈n F¶nepw ]p≈n

F¶nepw Hcp-\mfpw Hgn-™p-t]m-I-bn√''

(a-Øm. 5:17˛18).

aØmbn 5:17- 18 ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv a\p-jy\p thZ-

]p-kvX-I-Ønse sNdnb Hcp- Im-cy-Øn\p


18

t]mepw \o°w hcp-Øp-hm≥ A[n-Imcw \¬In-

bn-´n√ F∂-XmWv. CXp t\cn´v A_-≤-cm-

lnXyw ]Tn-∏n-°-e√ ]XypX Hgn-hm-°m-\m-

hmsX \nh¿Øn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Xmsg ]dbp∂

hmZKXn ]cn-tim-[n-°p-I.

a. Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-I-fn¬ Hcp-sN-dnb Xncp-Øp-t]mepw

\S-Øp-hm≥ ssZhw BK-ln-°p-∂n-√. amX-a√ ]gb

-\n-ba Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-Isf ]n≥h-en-°p-Itbm Iq´n

tN¿°p-Itbm, Xn-cp-Ø¬ hcp-Øp-Itbm sNøp-∂Xv

ssZh-Øn\v CjvS-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p.

b. ssZhw kXyØns‚ ssZhhpw kXy-sØ-°p-dn®v

hen-b hm-©-bp-≈-h-\pamWv (D-Zm. kwJy. 23:19;

tbml. 17:17; XotØm. 1:2; F_m. 6:18).

c. BI-bm¬ thZ-]p-kvX-I-Ønse Hcp sNdnb hnh-

cWw t]mepw kXy-k-‘-am-bn-cp∂p ImcWw A]q¿

Æ-X ssZhsØ Xr]vXns∏SpØp∂n√. AXp-sIm-

≠mWv aØmbn 5:17˛18˛¬ a\-]q¿∆w Dt±-in-°p∂Xp

sX‰n°qSmbvabm-Wv. CXn\p kam-\-amb hmIy-amWv

eqt°m. 16:17- ¬ ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂-Xp. ]kvXpX hmIy-

ßƒ thZ-]p-kvX-I-Øns‚ A]-am-Zn-Xy-sØ-°p-dn®p

InkvXp shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-Wv.

""\ymb-]-am-W-Øn¬ Hcp ]p≈n hoWp-t]m-Ip-

∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ BIm-ihpw qanbpw Hgn-™p-

t]m-Ip-∂Xp Ffp∏w'' (eq-t°m. 16:17).

Cu thZ- mKw sX‰n°qSmbvasb ]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-cn-°p-

∂-Xn¬ sh®v hfsc Kuc-h-a¿ln-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. aØm.

15:17 epw eqt°m. 16:17 hfsc XpeyX ]men-°-s∏-

Sp∂ hmIy-ß-fm-Wv. eqt°m. 16:17 ˛ ¬ A]-am-ZnXyw

]d-bp-I-b√ ]XypX hy‡-ambn ]kvXmhn°p-I-

bmWv. I¿Ømhv ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv Xncp-sh-gp-Øn¬ Hcp-

sNdnb Imcyw t]mepw hn´pIfb-cpXv F∂m-Wv.

A¿∞m¬/sX‰p-Iq-SmsX kXyw shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-Ww

F∂ apJy-[mc Nn¥-bmWv thZ-]p-kvX-IsØ Ip‰-a-

‰-Xm-°p-∂Xv. Hcp sNdnb sX‰p-s≠-¶n¬ ASn-ÿm-\-

amb t_m[sØ AXn-√m-Xm-°pw. AXn-\m-emWv

InkvXp Hcp sX‰n-eqsS t]mepw Xncp-sh-gpØv

Hgn™pt]mIphm≥ km≤y-a√ F∂v ]dbp-∂-Xv. Cu

hmIyw A]-am-Zn-Xy-Øns‚ ZrU-]-Jym-]-\-amWv.

Hcmƒ°v Xncp-sh-gp-Øns‚ F√m hnh-c-W-ßfpw kXy-

k-‘-ambn Bi-bn-°mw.

""....(-Xn-cp-sh-gp-Øn\p \o°w h∂pIqSm-b-t√m)

tbml. 10:35).

""\ymb-]-amWw ewLn-°p∂p'' ""i∫-Øns\ ewLn-

°p∂p'' F∂p \nc-¥cw blq-Z-∑m¿ kwkm-cn-°p-∂p.

\ym-b-]-am-WsØ \ymb ]amWsØ AhKWn

°pItbm KuchØnseSp°pItbm sNømXncn°p∂

Xn\mWv \ymb]amW ewL\w F∂p ]dbp∂Xv.

AXpt]mse Xs∂ I¿Ømhmb tbipInkvXphpw

""XncpshgpØn∂p \o°w h∂p IqSmbt√m'' F∂p

]dbptºmƒ HcpØcpw XncpshgpØv ]dbp∂Xv

AhKWn°cpXv F∂mWv A¿∞am°p∂Xv. Xncp

hN\ ]kvXmh\Isf B[nImcnIhpw A¥nahpw

GsXmcp X¿°Øns‚bpw Ahk\mhpambn Hcp

hy‡n kzoIcnt°≠XmWv. XncpshgpØv ]dbp∂

Xnt\mSv Hcp hntbmPn∏p≠mIm≥ ]mSn√. Xs‚ FXn-

cm-fn-I-tfmSv kwhm-Zn-°p-tºmƒ InkvXp Xncp-sh-gpØv

D±cn®tijw kwhm-Z-Øn\p Xnc-»oe hogp-I-bm-bn-

cp∂p. XncpshgpØpambp≈ hntbmPn∏v I¿Ømhv

A\phZn°mbvIbm¬ thZ]pkvXIw sX‰n√mØXm

sW∂v tbip a\ nem°nbncp∂p. XncpshgpØn¬

GsX¶nepw sX‰pIƒ D≠mbncps∂¶n¬ AXnse

]kvXmh\Ifpambn \ymbambn hntbmPn°phm≥

Ignbpambncp∂p. XncpshgpØv kXysa∂v km£y

s∏SpØnbXns\ AhKWn°phm≥ I¿Ømhv

Hcn°epw kΩXn°pIbn√.

""Ah≥ Ah-tcm-Sv, Atøm _p≤n-lo-\-sc, ]hm-

N-I-∑m¿ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xp F√mw hniz-kn-

°mØ _p≤n-lo-\sc'' (eq-t°m. 24:25).

]hm-N-I-∑m¿ ]d-™Xv hniz-kn-°m-Ø-hsc ssZhw

A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNøp-∂Xv ""_p≤n-lo-\sc''

F∂mWv. ]gb \nb-a-Ønse hnj-b-ßƒ \nc- n-°p-

∂Xv InkvXp-hn\p Nn¥n-°m≥ Ign-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p.

]gb \nb-a-Øn¬ sX‰p-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬

InkvXp-hns‚ ]am-W-ßƒ A]-lm-ky-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-

∂p. sX‰n¬ hniz-kn-°mØ _p≤n-lo-\sc F∂p

InkvXp hnfn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.

""...-\ns‚ hN\w kXy-am-Ip∂p'' (tbm-l. 17:17).

I¿Ømhns‚ ]kvXmh\sb°mƒ A∏p-d-ambn

ssZhhN\w kXy-sa∂p ]d-bm≥ \ap°p as‰-¥mWv

th≠Xv? CXp kXy-am-sW-¶n¬, sX‰n√mØ \n¿∆

N\w BIp∂p.

""I¿Ømhp Fs‚ I¿Øm-hn-t\mSv: Rm≥ \ns‚ iXp-

°sf \ns‚ ]mZ-]oTw B°p-thmfw Fs‚ he-Øp-

`m-K-Øn-cn° F∂p Acp-fn-s®bvXp'' F∂p ZmhoZv

Xm≥ ]cn -ip -≤m -flm-hn -embn ]d-bp∂p''

(a¿t°m. 12:36).

(a-Øm. 22:43˛44 ImWp-I)

Cu hnh-£-bn-eqsS InkvXp ]Tn-∏n-°p∂Xp ZmhoZv

Fgp-Xn-bXp ]cn-ip-≤mfl \ntbm-K-Øm-em-Wv.


19

""AXn\p Ah≥:krjvSn -®-h≥ BZn-bn¬

Ahsc BWpw s]Æp-ambn krjvSn®v F∂pw

AXp-\n-anØw a\p-jy≥ Ah-s\bpw AΩ-

sbbpw hn´p `mcy-tbmSp ]‰n-t®cpw; Ccp-hcpw

Hcp tZl-ambn Xocpw F∂p Acp-fn-sNbvXp''

(a-Øm. 19:4˛5).

InkvXp ]d™p ssZhw ""BWn-s\bpw s]Æn-

s\bpw krjvSn-®p, ho≠pw (ssZ-hw) ]d™p, "C°m-

c-W-Øm¬ Hcp-h≥ A∏-s\bpw AΩ-sbbpw hn´p ]ncn-

b-Ww...'' InkvXp D≤cn°p∂Xv Dev]. 2:24 BWv;

F∂m¬ Dev]-Øn-bpsS ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ t\cn´p

ssZhw kmkm-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn \ap°p ImWm≥ km[n-

°p-∂n√. Dev]Øn 2: 24 tamsi Xs∂ FgpXn F∂p

hmbn-°p-∂-h¿ A\p-am-\n-°-Ww. Cu hmIy-Øns‚

ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ ssZhw GsX-¶n-ep-samcp ]gb\nba

`mK-sa-SpØv AXp ssZhw Fgp-Xn-b-XmWv F∂v

Dd∏n®v ]d-bm-\p≈ kzmX-¥y-sa-Sp-Øp.

aØm. 22:29˛33 hsc kZqIycpambp≈ kwhmZØn¬

I¿Ømhv Hcp Inbm]ZØns‚ Imew ASnÿm\

am°nbmWv Xs‚ hmZw ÿm]n°p∂Xv. tamsi-bpsS

Ime-Øp≈ ssZh-Øns‚ ]kvXm-h-\-bn¬ A_-lm-

an-s‚bpw bnkvlm-°n-s‚bpw bmt°m-_n-s‚bpw ]p\-

cp-∞m-\hpw Aa¿Xy-Xbpw F∂ hnj-b-Øn¬ ""Rm≥

A_-lm-ans‚ ssZhhpw bnkvlm-°ns‚ ssZhhpw

bmt°m-_ns‚ ssZh-hp-am-Ip∂p'' F∂p Acp-fn-sN-

bvXp. Cu tKmX]nXm°∑m¿°v ac-Wm-\-¥c

PohnXw C√m-bn-cp∂psh¶n¬ ""Rm≥ A_-lm-an-

s‚bpw bnkvlm-°n-s‚bpw bmt°m-_n-s‚bpw ssZh-

am-bn-cp-∂p'' F∂v ssZhw tamitbmSv ]dbpambn

cp∂p.

XncpshgpØnse sNdnb hnhcWßƒ t]mepw kXy

hpw ]m[m\yhpap≈Xmbn I¿Ømhv IcpXnbncp∂p.

Fgp-X-s∏´ Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-I-fpsS B[nImcnIXsb

kqNn∏n°p∂ ]tbmKßƒ InkvXp IqsS IqsS

D]tbmKn®n´p≠v. ""Xncp-sh-gp-Øn¬ Cßs\ Fgp-Xn-

bn-cn-°p-∂p..'' ""\nßƒ hmbn-®n- n-√-tbm...'' ""Xncp-sh-g-

Øn-dn-bm-bvI-bm¬ \nßƒ sX‰n-t∏m-Ip-∂p''

2. XncpshgpØns\°pdn®p≈ At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-

cpsS ho£Ww

""\apt°m ssZhw Xs‚ Bflm-hn-\m¬ shfn-

s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Bflmhp kIesØbpw

ssZh-Øns‚ Bg-ß-sfbpw Bcm-bp-∂p. AXp

Rßƒ am\p-j-⁄m\w D]-tZ-in-°p∂ hN-

\-ß-fm¬ A√, Bflmhp D]-tZ-in-°p∂ hN-

\-ß-fm¬ Xs∂ ]kvXm-hn®v sIm≠v BflnI-

∑m¿°v Bfln-I-am-bXp sXfn-bn-°p-∂p''

(1 sImcn. 2:10, 13).

k¿∆-\m -a -ß-fmb Rßƒ, \ap° v F∂nh

1 sImcn¥y¿ ]mcw` A≤ymbßfn¬ ]dbp∂Xv

At∏mkvXe∑msc°pdn®mWv (D-Zm. 1 sImcn. 4:9).

Xs‚ ktµißƒ am\pjnI XXz⁄m\ßfn¬

\n∂√, adn®v ssZhoI shfn∏mSn\memWv F∂p

]utemkv ]dbp∂p. kmt¶XnIambn XncpshgpØn

∂p amXambn ]cnanXs∏SpØmsX hmsamgnbmbn

\¬Inb ktµiØn\mWv ]m[m\yw \¬Ip∂Xv.

(hmIyw 13) amX-a√ Fgp-X-s∏´ F√m Xncp-sh-gpØpw

]cn-ip-≤mfl \nb-¥-W-Øm-ep-f-f-XmWv F∂v Cu

thZ`mKw ]dbp∂p.

""... ssZh-Øns‚ Acp-f-∏m-Sp-Iƒ Ah-cpsS

(blq-Z-∑m-cp-sS) ]°¬ ka¿∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xp

Xs∂'' (tdm-a. 3:2).

""Imew t\m°n-bm¬ Ct∏mƒ D]-tZ-jvSm-°-

∑m¿ Bbn-cn-t°-≠p∂ \nßƒ°v ssZh-

Øns‚ Acp-f-∏m-Sp-I -fpsS BZy ]mT-ßsf

Xs∂ ho≠pw D]-tZ-in-®p-X-cp-hm≥ Bh-iy-am-

bn-cn-°p-∂p; I´n-bm-bp≈ Alm-c-a-√, ]esX

\nßƒ°p Bh-iy-sa∂p h∂n-cn-°p∂p''

(F-_m. 5:12).

""\otbm C∂-h-tcmSv ]Tn®v Ft∂m¿°p-Ibpw

InkvXp-tb-ip-hn-¶-ep-ff hnizm-k-Øm¬ \ns∂

c£bv°p ⁄m\n-bm-°p-hm≥ aXn-bmb Xncp-

sh-gp-Øp-Isf _meyw apX¬ Adn-bp-Ibpw

sNøp∂Xp sIm≠v \o ]Tn®pw \n›bw

]m]n®pw Ccn-°p-∂-Xn¬ \ne-\n¬°. F√m

Xncp-sh-gpØpw ssZh-\n-izm-ko-b-am-I-bm¬

ssZh-Øns‚ a\p -jy≥ kIe kXv]-

h¿Øn°pw hI ]m]n®v XnI-™-h≥ BtI-

≠-Xn\p D]-tZ-i-Øn\pw imk-\-Øn\pw KpWo-

I-c-W-Øn\pw \oXn-bnse A`ym-k-Øn\pw

]tbm-P-\-ap-≈Xp BIp∂p'' (2 Xnsam. 3:14˛17).

CXns‚ ImX-emb Bibw Ko°n¬ ]I-S-am-°n-bn-

cn-°p-∂Xv Pasa graphe theopneustos (]-km -Ks^

Xntbm-s -\-Ã-kv) F∂m-Wv.

‘Pasa’F∂Xp Pan F∂-Xns‚ cq]-am-Wv. A¿∞m¬

‘all’ Hmtcm∂pw ]m≥˛ Ata-cn-°-sb-t]m-setbm,

]t\m-c-a-sb-t∏msetbm F√mw F∂¿∞amWp≈Xv.

Cu hymI-c-W-N- -°q- n¬ ]Z-Øns‚ A¿∞w ""apgp-

h≥,'' ""Hmtcm∂v'' ""F√mw'' F∂n-h-bm-Wv. X≥\n-anØw

""F√m-'' Xn-cp-sh-gpØpw ssZh-\n-izm-knbw F∂p

]d™m¬ AXnep≈sX√mw ssZh\nizmkobw


20

F∂m-Wv. apgp-h≥ F∂-Xns‚ Bibw F√m sNdnb

Imcy-ß-fnepw F∂m-Wv. thZ]pkvXIØnse F√m

hnhcW-ßfpw ssZh -\n-izm-kn-b-am-Wv. amX-a-√, i≤-

bq-∂n-bp-≈-Xp-am-Wv. ""\mw Xnc-s™-Sp-°p∂ F√m

Xncp-sh-gpØp ssZh- \n-izm-knb-am-Wv'' F∂XmWv

\√ coXn. ]utemkv ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse ""F√m Xncp-

sh-gpØpw Hmtcm mKßfpw ssZh- \n-izm-kn-b-am-Wv''

F∂v ]utemkv ]dbp∂p.

Xncp-sh-gpØv F∂-Xns‚ Ko°v ]Zw "Kms^'

F∂mWv. ]›m-Øe ]T\w Hm¿∏n-°p∂Xp ]gb

\nba KŸ-sØ-bm-Wv. Xntam-Øn-tbm-kns‚ _mey-

Im-e -hm-b-\m -]p-kvX-I-amWv Cu ]gb \nb-aw.

eqt°m. 10:7, ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂ Xncp-sh-gpØv ]pXnb

\nb-a-Xn-cp-sh-gpØp Xs∂-sbs∂ ]utem-kns‚ 1

Xnsam. 2:18 ˛ ¬ \n∂p hfsc hy‡-am-Wv. Bb-Xn-

\m¬ ]gb \nb-ahpw ]pXnb \nb-ahpw ssZh-\n-izm-

ko-bXbpsS ]cn-[n-bn-ep-≈-Xm-Wv.

A£c ssZh- \n-izm-knbw (Theopneustos)F∂Xp

Ko°p ]Z-am-Wv. CXns‚ Cw•ojv `mjm-¥cw

C≥kv]n-td-j≥ (Inspiration) (ae-bmfw ssZh-\n-izm-

ko-bX) F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ D¤hw em‰n≥ ]Zamb

"C≥kvs]-b¿' F∂Xn¬ \n∂m-Wv. CXns‚ A¿∞w

"s]cp-IpI' CXn¬ \n∂v ap≥]v Fgp-X-s∏´ Nne KŸ

`mK-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw KpW-ta≥a- Iq- m≥ ssZhw ItÆm-

Sn-®n- p-s≠-∂p-≈ [mc-W-bmWv e`n-°p-∂-Xv. CXp icn-

bmb ]cn-`m-j-b-√. Ko°p ]Z-Øns‚ A¿∞w

""ssZhw DNvO-kn®p'' ""ssZhw izmkw ]pd-tØ°p

hn´p'' F∂n-ß-s\-bmWv: Xntbmkv (Theos. ssZhw)

\yqa (Pneunonia)- -˛ izmkw) \yqtam-Wn-b-t]m-se.

ta≥a s]cp-∏n®p Im´m≥ ]≠p Fgp-X-s∏´ ]pkvX-

I-ß-fn¬ ssZhw izkn®p F∂√ CXp-sh-fn-s∏-Sp-Øp-

∂Xv icn-bmbn ]d-™m¬ ssZh-Øm¬ D—-kn-°-s∏-

´Xp F∂m-Wv. CXns‚ Bcw`w ssZh-Øn-em-Wv. Xncp-

h-N\w ssZh-Øns‚ krjvSn-bpw, thebpw Dev]-∂-

hp-am-Wv. a‰p `mK-ß-fn¬ ssZhw D—z-kn®p F∂Xv

Ahs‚ krjvSn-∏ns‚ i‡n-bp-ambn _‘-s∏- -XmWv

(D-Zm. Dev]. 2:7, k¶o. 33:6; sbl. 37:5; tbml. 3:8)

Xncp-sh-gp-Øns‚ F√m `mK-ßfpw AXns‚ A\p-

_-‘-ßfpw F√mw ssZh-Øns‚ krjvSn-bm-Wv.

1 Xnsam. 3:16˛se sX‰n°qSmbva hmZ-]-Xn-hmZ

Bhn¿`mhw NphsS sImSp-°p-∂p. Cu `mKw ]Tn-∏n-

°p-∂Xp thZ]pkvXI-Ønse F√m h¿W--\bpw

ssZh-Øns‚ ]hr -Øn -bm -Wv. CXp t\cn´p

sX‰n°qSmbva ]Tn∏n-°p-I-b√ F∂n-cp-∂mepw as‰mcp

\nKa\ØnseØpI km≤y-a-√.

ASnÿm\ ]tabw: Xncp-sh-gp-Ønse F√m hnh-c-

Whpw ssZh-Ønt‚XmWv.

sNdnb ]tabw: ssZhØns‚ -h-N\w kXy-am-Ip∂p

(tbm-l. 17:17).

D]-kw-lmcw: Xncp-sh-gp-Ønse F√m hnh-c-W-ßfpw

kXy-amWv (sX‰n°qSmbva)

thZ-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬ Dƒs°m-≈n-®n-cn-°p∂ sX‰mb

]tabw bp‡n-lo-\-amb ^e-ßƒ 2 Xnsam. 3:16˛¬

\n∂m-cw- n-°p-∂p.

ASn-ÿm-\-]-tabw: Xncp-sh-gp-Ønse F√m hnh-c-W-

ßfpw ssZh-Øns‚ the-bm-Wv.

sNdn-b-]-tabw: ssZh-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬ sX‰p-Iƒ D≠v.

D]-kw-lmcw: ssZhw Fgp-Xp-tºmƒ sX‰p-Iƒ D≠m-

Ip∂p.

(ssZh \nimkobX ImWpI, P. 18 Cc´KŸ

I¿XrXzw

""Xncp-sh-gp-Ønse ]h-N\w H∂pw kzb-amb

hymJym-\-Øm¬ Df-hm-Ip-∂-X√ F∂p BZyw

Xs∂ Adn-™p-sIm-≈-Ww. ]h-N\w Hcn-°-epw

-a-\p-jys‚ CjvS-Øm¬ h∂-X-√, ssZh-I-ev]-\-

bm¬ a\p-jy≥ ]cn-ip-≤m-fl-\n-tbmKw ]m]n-®n´p

kwkm-cn-®-XsX'' ( 2 ]sXm. 1:20˛21).

Cu hmIyw XncpshgpØns\°pdn®v Ipd™Xv aq∂p-

][m\-Im-cy-ßƒ ]Tn∏n-°p-∂p. a\p-jys‚ CjvS-

Øm¬ Dfhmb H∂-√, a-\p-jy≥ Fgp-Xn-bXv ssZhw

kwkm-cn-®-Xm-Wv, ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-\m¬ \ntbmKw

]m]n-®n´p kwkm-cn-®-XmWv.

Cw•o-jn¬ "aqhvUv' (moved)F∂ hm°n-\¿∞w apI-

fn-te°v FSp-Øp-b¿Øp-I, sIm≠p-t]m-IpI F∂m-

Wv. At∏m. 27:15˛17 hmIyßfn¬ I∏¬ Im‰n-\m¬

HmSp-∂-Xp-t]mse F∂ ]tbmKw Xs∂-bmWv ChnsS

D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]tXm-kns‚ `mj-bn¬ ]cn-

ip-≤m-flm-hmb ssZhw AXns‚ Fgp-Øp-Imsc

thZ]pkvXIØns‚ D≈-S-°-Øn-\m-h-iy-amb Zni-I-

fn-te°v X≈nhnSpIbmbncp-∂p F∂m-Wv. 2 ]sXm.

1:20˛21; 2 Xnsam. 3:16 `mK-ßƒ Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂Xv

ssZhnI Bcw-`hpw ]≤-Xn-]-Im-c-hp-amWv Xncp-sh-

gp-Øns‚ D¤-hw. sX‰n°qSmbvabpsS kXyw Ahsc

]n¥p-S-cpw. AXn-\m¬ Xncp-h-N-\-Øns‚ B`n¿

`mhØn\v ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ \nb-¥-Whpw am¿§-

Z¿»-\-hhpw D≈-Xn-\m¬ A]q¿ÆX Xncp-sh-gp-Øn-

\n-√. 2 ]sXm. 3:15˛16 hsc `mK-ßƒ ]pXn-b -\n-b-

asØ Xncp-sh-gp-Ømbn ]sXmkv IW°m°p∂p

F∂p≈Xv \mw a\ nemt°≠ ImcyamWv.


21

IV. Bfl]Im-i\w

Xncp-h-N-\-Øns‚ ]Im-i\w F∂Xv shfn-∏m-Sn¬

\n∂pw ssZh \nizm-kn-b-Xn¬ \n∂pw hn`n-∂-am-Wv.

]Im-i\w A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv Xncp-h-N-\-k-Xy-ßƒ

Kln-°p-∂-Xn\v hnizm-kn-Isf ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv klm-

bn-°p-∂-Xns\bmWv. IqSmsX AXns‚ kuµ-cy-

sØbpw, ]m[m-\y-X-sbbpw B[n-Im-cn-I-X-sbbpw Dd-

∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p (k-¶o. 119:18; tbml. 14:26; 16:

12˛13; 1 tbml. 220, 27; 1 sImcn. 2:15).

V. Imt\m\nIX

Imt\m≥ F∂ ]Zw "Ims\' (cane)F∂ Ko°v

]ZØn¬\n∂p≈ D¤-h-am-Wv. XßfpsS PohnXsØ

\nb¥n°pIbpw ]cntim[n°pIbpw sNøp∂Xp

F∂p InkvXym\nIƒ IcpXp∂ ]pkvXIßsf

]cma¿in°p∂Xn\mWv thZ]pkvXIImt\m≥ F∂

]Zw D]tbmKn°p∂Xv. thZ]pkvXIØnepƒs∏Sp

tØ≠ ]pkvXIßsf kw_‘n® kwKXnIfmWv

Imt\m\nIX sIm≠¿∞am°p∂Xv.

A. ]g-b-\n-ba Imt\m≥

\hoIcW hn`m-K-°m-sc-°mfpw blq-Z-∑m-sc-°mfpw

tdma≥ ImtØm-en°m hn`m-K-°m¿ ]Xn-s\m∂v

]pkvX-I-ßfpw ]uckvXy k -°m¿ \mep ]pkvX-I-

ßfpw A[n-I-ambn ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øns‚ Imt\m-\nI

\nb-a-Øn¬ \n∂pw I≠p-]n-Sn-®n-´p-≠v. \hoIcW

hn`m-K-°mcpw bl-Z-∑mcpw ]g-b-\n-b-a]pkvXIß

s√mw ]n¥p-S-cp-∂p-s≠-¶nepw Ah hyXy-kvX-amb

IaØnemWv tN¿Øncn°p∂-Xv. G‰hpw ][m\

Imcyw InkvXp GXp ]pkvX-I-amWv ]n≥Xp-S¿∂Xv

F∂m-Wv. InkvXp ]n≥Xp-S¿∂Xv blq-Z-∑m-cpsS

]gb- \n-ba Imt\m≥ Bbn-cp-∂p F∂Xp hy‡-am-

Wv (C-°m-c-W-Øm¬ \hoIcW°m-cp-w).

""\nßƒ Adn-bm-Ø-Xns\ \a-kv°-cn-°p∂p;

Rßtfm Adn-bp-∂-Xns\ \a-kv°-cn-°p∂p;

c£ blq-Z-∑m-cpsS CS-bn¬ \n∂t√m hcp-

∂Xv'' (tbm-l. 4:22).

tamsi-bpsS \ymb-]-amWw HgnsI ]g-b-\n-ba Xncp-

sh-gp-Ønse as‰√m Imt\m-\nI ]pkvX-I-ß-sfbpw

iacy¿ Hgn-hm-°n-bn-cp∂p. CXn\p ImcWw ""c£ hcp-

∂Xp blq-Z-∑m-cpsS CS-bn¬ \n∂mWv'' F∂p Ah¿

]d-bp-∂p. ia-cycpw blq-Z-c-∑mcpw XΩn-ep≈ X¿°-

Øn¬ tbip blq-Zs‚ ]£w tN¿∂p. ]kvXpX

`mKw Ah-km\n®p F¶nepw AXp ]gb \nb-a-Øn-

em-Wp-≈-Xv.

""lmt_-ens‚ c‡w XpSßn bmK-]o-T-Øn\pw

Be-b-Øn\pw \Sp-hn¬ h®v ]´p-t]mb skJ-

cym-hns‚ c‡w hsc temI-ÿm]\w apX¬

sNmcn-™n-cn-°p-∂X kIe ]hm-N-I-∑m-cp-

sSbpw c‡w Cu Xe-ap-d-tbmSv tNmZn-∏m≥ CS-

h-tc-≠-Xn\p Xs∂'' (eq-t°m. 11:50, 51).

(kam¥c thZ`mKamb aØmbn 23: 35 ImWp-I)

Cu hmIy-Øns‚ ta∑ Adn-b-W-sa-¶n¬ F_mb

Imt\m≥ Xncp-sh-gp-Øn¬ Bcw`w Dev]-Ønbpw Ah-

km\w 2 Zn\-hr-Øm-¥-hp-am-Wv. lmt_-ens‚ acWw

tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv Dev]. 4:8; skJ-cym-hns‚

acWw tcJ-s∏- n-bn- p-≈Xv 2 Zn\. 24:21 BWv. ssZh-

Øns‚ a\p-jy-cn¬ sIm√-s∏´ BZysØ hy‡n

lmt_-em-Wv. F_mb Imt\m≥ ]Im-cw -ssZ-h-

Øns‚ `‡-∑m-cn¬ Ah-km-\-ambn sIme-s∏´

hy‡n skJ-cym-hmWv. tbip ]d™p Dev]-Øn-

ap-X¬ Zn\-hr-Øm¥w hsc \nßƒ ]-hm-N-I-∑msc

sIm∂ Ip‰hm-fn-I-fm-Wv. X≥\nanØw blq-Z-∑m-cpsS

]g-b-\nba Imt\m≥ tbip -Nq≠nIm´p-Ibpw AXp

]cn-]q¿Æ-ambn Dd-∏n-°p-I-bpw- sN-bvXp.

""CXm-Ip∂p \nß-tfmSv IqsS-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ

Rm≥ ]d™ hm°v, tamsibpsS \ymb-]-am-

W-]pkvX-Ißfnepw Fs∂-°p-dn®v Fgp-Xn-b-

sXm-s°bpw \nhr-Øn-bm-tIWw F∂p CXp

Xs∂'' (eq-t°m. 24:44).

F_mb It\ms‚ aq∂mbp≈ B[p\nIhn-`-P\w

InkvXp AwKo-I-cn®p F∂Xn\v sXfn-hm-Wv.

""FgpØpIƒ'' F∂ hn`mKØnse henbXpw

H∂maØXpamb ]pkvXIamWv k¶o¿Ø\ßƒ

F∂p \mw Hm¿°psa¶n¬, tbip blqZImt\m\nse

aq∂p hn`mKßfmb \ymb]amWw, ]hmNI]pkvX

Ißƒ, FgpØpIƒ F∂nhsb ]cam¿in°p∂p

F∂p a\ nem°mw. B[p-\nI F_mb Imt\m≥

Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-I-fn¬ "sIXq_nw' (The Kethubim)Fgp-

Øp-Iƒ Bcw- n-°p-∂Xp k¶o¿Ø-\-ß-fmWv.

""tbip Ah-tcmSv, \nßƒ tZh-∑m¿ BIp∂p

F∂p Rm≥ ]d™p F∂p \nß-fpsS \ymb-

]-am-W-Øn¬ Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂n-√tbm? ssZh-

Øns‚ Acp-f-∏mSv D≠m-bn´p≈-hsc tZh-∑m¿

F∂p ]d-™p-sh-¶n¬ Xncp-sh-gp-Øn\p \o°w

h∂p IqSm-bt√m'' (tbm-l. 10:34, 35).

Cu hmIy-Øn¬ tbip ]d-bp∂p ""\nß-fp-sS \ymb-

]-amWw'' blq-Z-∑m-cpsS Hu]-Nm-cn-I-amb \ymb-

]amWw F∂m-Wv. Cu \ymb-]-am-WsØ InkvXp


22

"Xncp-sh-gpØv' F∂p hnfn®p. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse

]pkvX-I-ß-sf-°p-dn®p InkvXp Hcp ka-bØpw blq-

Z-∑m-cp-ambn hmZ ]-Xn-hmZw \S-Øn-bn- n√. blq-Z-∑m-

cpsS B[n-Im-cnI ]pkvX-I-ßsf Ah≥ AwKo-I-cn-

°p-Ibpw D]-tbm--Kn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn-\m¬

B[p-\nI kphntij hnlnX kÌfpw CXp ]n≥

Xp-S¿∂p.

B. ]pXnb \nb-a -Im-t\m≥

]pXnb\nba Imt\m-\n≥]-Imcw Xncp-sh-gp-Øn¬ 27

]pkvX-I-ßƒ Ds≠∂p tdma≥ ItØm-en-°cpw

]m›mXy k`m-hn- m-Khpw th¿s∏- -Iq- cpw Hcp-t]mse

AwKo-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. ]pXnb \nba At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-

cpsSta¬ InkvXp- k- bv°v ASn-ÿm-\-an´p (F-s^.

2:20). ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ Dƒs°m-≈n-®n-cn-°p∂

Hmtcm ]pkvX-I-Øn\pw At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cpsS Bcw-

-am-Wv. At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿ Fgp-Xn-b-XmtWm? AtXm

Ah-cpsS ta¬t\m-´-Øn¬ Fgp-Xn-b-XmtWm? 27

]pkvX-I-ß-fn¬ 20 ]pkvX-I-ßƒ°v AXn\p th≠

sXfnhpIfp≠v. Bcpw Ah-bpsS At∏m-kvXe Bcw-

`sØ kwi-bn-°p-∂n-√. ]pXnb \nb-a-Ønse 7

]pkvX-I-ßƒ X¿°-ap-≈-h-bm-Wv (F-_m-b¿,

bmt°m-_v, 2 ]sXm-kv, 2 tbml-∂m≥, bqZ, shfn-

∏m-Sv). F∂m¬ Chbv°v F√mw At∏m-kvXe Bcw`w

D≠v F∂-Xn\v [mcmfw sXfn-hp-I-fp-≠v. bmYm-kvYn-

Xn-I-cmb InkvXym-\n-Iƒ Cu 7 KŸ-ßsf \ncm-I-

cn-°m≥ (\n¿Ωq-e-am-°m≥) Hcp sXfnhpw \nc-Øm≥

km[n-°n-√. Bb-Xn-\m¬ Cu sXfn-hp-Iƒ ]Imcw

Ahsb DØa krjvSn-bmbn AYhm ]mam-Wy-ap-≈-

Xmbn AwKo-I-cn-°mw, amX-a√ Hcmƒ°v, ssZh-

Øns‚ ]c-am-[n-Im-c-Ønep≈ hnizmkw hgn k¿∆-

eu-In-I-ambn 27 ]pkvX-I-ßƒ bmZr-›n-I-amtbm ka-

tbm-Nn -X-amtbm D≠m-b-X√ F∂p ZrV-ambn

hniz-kn-°mw.

VI. thZ-]p-kvX-I-Ønse Fgp-X-s∏´ `mKw

hna¿i-I¿ (Textual criticism) Nq≠n-°m- p-∂Xv thZ-

]p-kvX-I-im-kvX-Øn\p tIhew Hcp AXn-cp-I-S∂

hym]\w Ds≠-∂m-Wv.-i-cn-bmb sXfn-hp-Iƒ C√m-Ø-

Xn-\m¬ hna¿i-I¿ Nq≠n-°m- p-∂Xv sX‰n°qSmbvabp

sS XXz-ßƒ hne-bn√ F∂m-Wv. GXp-hn-[-am-bmepw

\ne-\n-ev°p∂ KŸ-ß-fpsS bYm¿∞ ]pkvX-I-ß-

fp-ambn kmay-ap-≈-Xpw, bYm¿∞ ]am-W-ß-fpsS

Bi-bXzw hfsc ][m-\-s∏- -Xp-am-sW∂ Nn¥-bn¬

sIms≠-Øn-°p-∂-Xn\v CSbm-Ipw.

]g-b -\n-ba _‘-Øn¬ InkvXp-hns‚ ka-b-Øn\p

apºp≠mbncp∂Xns‚ ]I¿∏v \ap°p e`n-®p,

AXns‚ ê-ambn InkvXp sNbvX-Xp-t]mse AtX

]g-b -\n-ba ]pkvX-I-amWv \mapw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv.

AXv Ah\v AwKoImctbmKyambncp∂¶n¬ \ap°pw

AwKoIcn°m≥ ]‰p∂ \nebn¬ AXv kq£n°s∏

ńcp∂p F∂v \mw Adnbp∂p.

]pXnb \nb-a -sØ kw_‘n®p ]d™m¬,

ssIsøgpØp]XnIfpsS FÆØnepw(Ko°n¬ 5000

Dw BsI 25,000 Dw)FgpXnb kabtØmSp≈

ASp∏Ønepw(BZy ssIsøgpØp]Xn F.Un.

125˛seXmIp∂p)]pcmX\temIØnse G‰hpw

\∂mbn kq£n°s∏´ ]pkvXIamIp∂p CXv.

GXm≠v 98˛\pw 99.5 iXam\Øn\panSbn¬ IrXyX

BZy IrXnbpambp≠∂v thZ]WvUnX¿ IW°m

°p∂p. ]pcmX\Ko°p ssIsøgpØp ]XnIƒ

XΩnep≈ hyXymkßƒ InwKv sPbnwkv th¿j≥

\yq Ata-cn-°≥ Ãm≥tU¿Uv ss__nƒ, \yq

C‚¿\m-j-W¬ th¿j≥ F∂n-h-bpsS hyXym-k-sØ-

°mƒ hep-X-√. D]-tZ-i-kw-_-‘-amb Cu ]T-\-

Øn\pw CtX ]cn-K-W\ \¬In XpS¿∂p≈ Imcyw

hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p.

VII. thZ-]p-kvX-I- im-kvXhpw XpS¿ sh-fn-∏mSpw

B[p-\nI ImeØv ssZhw ]pXnb XncpshgpØpIƒ

\¬In Xcp-sa∂p Hcp- th-Z -hnZym¿∞n-°p -IcpXphm≥

km-[n-°ptam? ]pXnb Fgp-Øp-Im¿°v t\cn-´p≈

ssZhnI shfn-∏mSv e`n-°ptam? GsX-¶nepw ]pXnb

Fgp-Øp-Iƒ°v ssZh -\n-izm-kn-bX e`n-°ptam?

A. k -bv°p≈ A[nImcØns‚ ASn-ÿmw

Hcp InkvXym\n tbip-hns\ t\m°p∂Xv A[n-Im-c-

Øn\v th≠n-bmWv. I¿Ømhmb tbipInkvXp-hns‚

ipiqjbpsS Ah-km\ \mfpIfn¬ At∏m-kvX-e-

∑m-tcmSv DXvtLm-jn-®Xv ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp F∂ Imcy-

ÿ≥ A≤ym-]-I-\mbn hcp-sa-∂m-Wv. Ah≥ Ahsc

kIekXyØnepw hgn \SØpw. I¿Ømhns‚

]ckyipiqjbpsS ka-b-Øp-≠mb kw -h-ß-sfbpw

]Tn-∏n-°-ep-I-sfbpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv Ahsc Hm¿Ωn-

∏n-°p-Ibpw a\- n-em°nsImSp-°pIbpw sNøp-sa∂p

kmcw. ""hcp-hm-\p≈ Ime-ßsf'' Ah¿°p ]cn-ip-

≤m-flmhv ImWn®v sImSp-°pw. tbml. 14˛16 \n∂p≈

ap≥]-am-Wn-IX At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿°v hnip≤

shfn∏mSp e`n-°p-Ibpw k`bv°v A[n-Im-c-am-bn- Xo-

cp-Ibpw sNøpw. AXp-t]mse tbml. 14: 26; 15: 26,

27; 16:12˛14 Cu hmIy-ßƒ F√m hnizm-kn-Iƒ°pw

th≠n-bp≈ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ]Im-i\w kw_-

≤n-®p-≈-Xm-Wv. AXp At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿°v th≠n

]cnanX-s∏-SpØnbncn-°p-∂p. Cu ]am-W-ßƒ At∏m-

kvX-e-∑m¿°v \¬Ip-∂Xv NphsS tN¿°p-∂p.


23

""Rm≥ \nß-tfm-Sp-IqsS hkn-°p-tºmƒ CXp

\nß-tfmSp kwkm-c-n®n-cp∂p'' (tbm-l. 14:25).

""F¶nepw ]nXmhv Fs‚ \ma-Øn¬ Ab-∏m-

\p≈ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv F∂ Imcy-ÿ≥

\nßƒ°p kI-ehpw D]-tZ-in®p Xcn-Ibpw

Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp ]d-™-sXm-s°bpw \nßsf

Hm¿Ω-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøpw'' (tbm-l. 14:26).

""\nßfpw BZn-ap-X¬ Ft∂m-Sp-IqsS Ccn-°-

sIm≠v km£yw ]d-hn≥'' (tbm-l. 15:27).

""C\nbpw hfsc \nß-tfmSp ]d-hm≥ D≠v;

F∂m¬ \nßƒ°v Ct∏mƒ hln-∏m≥ Ign-

hn√'' (tbm-l. 16:12).

Iqin-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\p apºp-ff k‘y-bn¬ amfnI apdn-

bnse ]`m-j-W-Øn¬, injy-∑m-tcmSp amX-amWv

InkvXp kwkm-cn-®-Xv. ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhn¬ \n∂p≈

ssZhoIshfn-∏mSp e`n-t°≠h¿ F∂p InkvXp

Ahsc Nq≠n-°m- p-∂p. At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿ k -bpsS

ASn-ÿm-\-sa∂v Fs^. 2:20 ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. amX-a√

2 ]sXm. 3:2 ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xp \ΩpsS ssZhhpw c£-

I-\p-am-b-hs‚ Iev]-\-Iƒ kwkm-cn-®Xv At∏m-kvX-

e-∑m-cm-Wv F∂mWv. 1 sImcn. 12:28 ]Xn]m-Zn-°p-∂Xv

""H∂maXv At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿ F∂mIp∂p, aØmbn

16:18 hn`-∂-amb A`n-]m-b-ßƒ Xcp-∂-h-bm-Wv.

F∂ncp∂mepw a‰p≈ At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-sc-°mƒ

]tXm-kn\p Hcmƒ ap≥K-W\ \¬Ip-∂n-s√-¶n¬

InkvXp ]d-bp-∂Xv Ah≥ ]sXm-kns‚bpw a‰p

At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cpsSbpw ta¬ IqsS k`sb ]Wn-

bp-sa-∂m-Wv. Hcp ]pkvXIw Imt\m\nIambn

AwKoIcn°p∂Xn\p apºmbn AXv At∏mkvXen

Iambn sXfnbn°s∏SWsa∂ k`bpsS XmXv]cyw

\√ ASnÿm\Ønt∑embncp∂p. BIam\

k`bpsS B[nImcnIamb F√m ]Tn∏n°ens‚bpw

ASnÿm\w At∏mkvXe∑mcmIp∂p. k`sb°pdn

®p≈ B[nImcnIamb F√mw ]T\ßfpsSbpw

ASnÿm\w At∏mkvXe∑mcmWv. (At∏mkvXeXzw

AhImis∏´v ]utemkv Fßs\ A[nImcw

D]tbmKn®p F∂p XmcXayw sNøpI).

B. k -bpsS ka-Im-enI A[n-Imcw

At∏m. ]h. 1:21˛22, 1 sImcn. 9:1 F∂o hmIy-ßƒ

kqNn∏n°p-∂Xv Hcp-h≥ At∏m-kvX-e≥ Bbn-Øo-c-

W-sa-¶n¬ Ah≥ Dbn¿∏ns‚ km£n-bm-I-Ww. tbip-

In-kvXp-hns‚ Dbn¿∏n\v tijw InkvXp-hns\

t\cn´p I≠-h¿ Cu Ime-L- -ß-fn¬ Pohn-®n-cp-∏n√.

AXp-t]mse \mw k`mÿm]\ ka-b-ØmWv Pohn-

°p-∂Xv F∂v Icp-Xp∂Xv bp‡n-lo-\-amWv (Fs^.

2:20). ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn¬ \n∂p ssZhoI shfn-∏mSp

]m]n-°p-hm≥ InkvXp At∏m-kvX-e-∑msc ap≥Iq´n

A[nImcs∏SpØn. a‰p≈ B¿°pw Cu A[n-Imcw

Ah≥ \¬In-bn- n-√. C∂p At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿ C√m-

Ø-Xn-\m¬ km¿∆-XnI k`sb∏‰n-bp≈ shfn∏mSp

e`n®p F∂p B¿°pw Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-hm≥ km[y-

a√. thZ-]p-kvX-I-Øn-te°v C\nbpw ]pkvX-I-ßƒ

tN¿°p-hm≥ B¿°pw A[n-Im-c-hp-an√.

C. Hcn°¬ \¬IpIbpw am‰phm≥ km[n°mØXp

amb a‰p ]cn-K-W\Iƒ

hnizm-ksØ ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂ Hcp-]mSp hmIy-ß-fp≠v

(AXmbXv k -bpsS D]tZiØns‚ ][m\ `mKw).

shfn-∏mSns‚ ]amWw kmt¶-Xn-I-ambn ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-

∂-Xp -sh-fn-∏mSp ]pkvX-I-Øn-emWv. thZ]pkvX

IØns‚ Ah-km-\-amWv CXp tcJs∏SpØnbncn-°p-

∂Xv, F∂Xp bmZr-›n-I-Øn-\-∏p-d-am-Wv.

""]nb-sc, \ap°v s]mXp-hn-ep≈ c£-sb-°p-

dn®v \nßƒ°v Fgp-Xp-hm≥ kIe ]b-Xv\hpw

sNbvI-bn¬ hnip-≤-∑m¿°v Hcn-°-em-bn´p c-

ta-ev∏n-®n-cn-°∂ hnizm-k-Øn-\p-th≠n t]mcm-

tS-≠-Xn-\p-th≠n ]t_m-[n-∏n-s®-gp-Xp-hm≥

Bhiyw F∂p F\n°p tXm∂n'' (bq-Z. 3).

""F∂m¬ Rßƒ \nß-tfmSv Adn-bn-®Xn\v

hn]-co-X-ambn Rßƒ BIs´ kz¿§-Øn¬

\n∂v Hcp ZqX-\m-Is´ \nß-tfmSp kphn-tijw

Adn -bn -®m¬ Ah≥ i]n -°-s∏-´ -h≥ ''

(K-em. 1:8).

""Cu ]pkv-X-I-Ønse ]h-N\w tIƒ°p∂

Gh-t\m-Spw, Rm≥ km£o-I-cn-°p-∂-sX-s¥-

∂m¬: AXn-t\mSv Bsc-¶nepw Iq´n-bm¬ Cu

]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Fgp-Xnb _m[-Isf ssZhw

Ah\p hcp-Øpw. Cu ]hN\ ]pkvX-I-

Ønse hN-\-Øn¬ \n∂p Bsc-¶nepw h√Xpw

\o°n-I-f-™m¬ Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Fgp-Xn-

bn-cn-°p∂ Poh-hr-£-Ønepw hnip≤ \K-c-

Ønepw Ah-\p≈ Awiw ssZhw \o°n-I-

fbpw'' (sh-fn. 22:18, 19).

VIII. k`m -N-cn-Xhpw thZ-]p-kvX-I-im-kvXhpw

thZ-]p-kvX-I-Øns‚ A]-am-Zn-XzsØ°pdn-®p≈

D]tZi-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p F√m ][m\ kwL-S-\-I-fp-

sSbpw ASn-ÿm-\w.

thZ-]p-kvX-I-Øns‚ ssZh -\n-izm-kn-b-Xsb X≈n-

∏-d-™-h-sc√mw Zpcp]tZisa∂p ]d™p X≈nb

thZ-]p -kvX-I-X-Xz -ßsf ]n≥Xm-ßp -Ibpw


24

X≥\nanØw Ah-c-h-cp-sS -kwLS\IfpsS ÿm-]-

I-cpw Bbn. F∂m¬ DZm-c-am-b-h-cpsS Ah-Im-i-

hmZ]Imcw sX‰n°qSmbva F∂-sXmcp B[p-\nI

]ptcm-K-Xn-bm-sW∂pw AXns‚ ASn-ÿm\w Adn-hn-

√m-bva-bm-sW∂pw As√-¶n¬ a\-x]q¿∆-ap≈ Zp¿

hymJym-\-am-sW∂pw ]Jym-]n-®p.

""]cn-ip≤ Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-I-fn¬ sX‰p-Iƒ

Ds≠∂p \mw hniz-kn-®m¬, F\n°p tXm∂p-

∂Xp G‰hpw \n¿`m-Ky-I-c-amb Imcy-ß-ƒ kw -

hn-t®-°mw; F∂p ]d-™m¬ Cu hN-\-ßƒ

Fgp-Xm≥ _m[y-ÿ-cmb Bfp-Iƒ Xncp-sh-gp-

Øp-I-fn¬ GsX-¶nepw sX‰p hcp-Øn-bn- p≠v

F∂pX-s∂-bm-Wv... 1

A-K-Ãn≥, (\hoIcWImeØn\p apºv)

AK-Ãn≥ sPtdm-an\v Fgp-Xnb IØn¬\n∂p

eqY¿ D≤cn®ncn°p∂Xv, ""hnip≤ Fgp-Øp-

Iƒs°m∂pw sX‰p-h-cmsX Xs∂ F\n°p

]q¿Æ-t_m-[y-ap≈ hN-\-ß-ƒ apdpsI ]nSn-

°m≥ Rm≥ ]Tn-®n-´p-≠v. eqY¿ AK-Ãns‚

ho£-WsØ ]n¥m-ßn-s°m≠v ]d™p,''

""hN-\-ßƒ sX‰n√ ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-°m-Xn-

cn -°m≥ AXn\p Xs∂ Bhn√ amX-a√

AXns\ Xs∂ FXn¿°m-\p-am-hn√. AXp aS-

b-∑m¿°pw A[nI-]m-kw-Kn-I¿°pw Aßs\

bmImw ImW-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. 2

F¶nepw \ap°p AXp ]q¿Æ-amtbm, apgph

\mtbm, s]mXphmtbm Dd®p hniz-kn°mw.''

As√-¶n¬ H∂pw hniz-kn-°-cp-Xv. Hcp `mKw

sX‰mbpw adp`mKw kXyambn hnizkn°pI

bpw ]Tn∏n°pIbpw sNøphm≥ ]cnip≤m

flmhv A\phZn°pIbn√. s]mXp-th F√m

Zpcp]tZiIcpsSbpw -coXn, F∂Xv Ah¿

tIhew Hcp teJ\wsIm≠v BZyw

Bcw`n°pw, F∂m¬ Ahsc BsI°qsS

\ntj[nt® aXnbmhq. Hcp hfbw DSbpItbm

apdnbpI tbm sNbvXm¬ AXn\p bmsXmcp

hnebpw C√mØXpt]mse. am¿ń≥ eqY¿

(eqYd¨ kÌfpsS ÿm]I≥).3

tPm¨ Im¬hn≥, XncpshgpØns\°pdn®v

C]Imcw ]dbp∂p: 4

Dd-∏p≈ A]amZnØ tcJ-Iƒ.

sX‰p hcmØ coXn.

ssZh-Øns‚ ip≤-amb hN-\-ßƒ

amdmØXpw hnip≤hpamb kXyßƒ.

kXy-Øns‚ sX‰p-h-cmØ.

sX‰mØ shfn®w.

ssZh-Øns‚ amdmØ hN-\-ßƒ.

a\p-jy-\p-≈sXm∂pambn Iqń-°p-g-bm-ØXv.

]cn-ip-≤hpw amdm-Ø-Xp-amb ]h-N-\-ßƒ.

Dd-®Xpw am‰-s∏-Sm-Ø-Xp-amb kXy-ß-fm-Wv.

am‰an√mØ FgpØpIƒ

(Im¬hn≥ ]nkv_nt‰dnb≥ \hoIcW t\Xmhv)

tXmakv Ibva¿, A-ta-cn-°-bnse Bw•n-°¬ k`-

bptSbpw, Ata-cn-°≥ F∏n-kvt°m-∏¬ k -bptSbpw

ÿm]I≥ C]Imcw Xs∂ At±lw tcJs∏Sp

Øp∂p:

""hnip≤ KŸ-ß-fn¬ ImWp-∂-sX√mw

Dd®Xpw am‰s∏SmØXpamb kXyßfmsW∂v

Dd∏v \¬Ip∂p. CXv Dd∏p≈ ]›mØe

Øn¬ XIcmØ kXyßfmbn FSp°Ww.

CXns‚ ]›mØeØne√msX \ΩpsS

hnizmkØn¬ sXmSp∂sX√mw a\pjycpsS

D]IcWhpw am‰mhp∂Xpw Xo¿®bn√m

ØXpamIpw'' 5

""\ap°v im¥ambn \n∂p \ΩpsS a\km

£nbn¬ e`n°p∂ t_m[ytØmsS am‰-an-

√mØ kXy-Øn¬ AXp(XncpshgpØv) Xcp∂

Dd-∏n-t\mSpw tN¿∂p \nev°mw.'' 6

tPm¨ shkven ]dbp∂p:

""Cu thZ-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬ GsX-¶nepw Hcp

sX‰p-s≠-¶n¬ Hcm-bncw sX‰p-Iƒ D≠m-

tb°mw. Hcp sXs‰-¶nepw Ds≠-¶n¬ AXp


1. Harold Lindsell, God’s Incomparable word (Wheaton, Illi-nois: Victor Books, 1977) 55.2 Ibid., 583 John Gerstner, “The Church’s Doctrine of Biblical Inspira-tion,” The Foundation of Biblical Authority, ed. JamesMontgomery Boice, (Grand Rapids: Zondervan Publishing Co.1978) 35

4 John Gerstner, “The View of the Bible Held by thechurch:Calvin and the Westminster Divines,” Summit papersInternational Council of Biblical Inerrancy, ed. Norman Geisler,(Oakland, Califormia: ICBI , 1978), Paper 14, P.8).5 Philip E. Hughes, The Theology of the English Reformers(Grand Rapids: Eerdmans publishing Co., 1965) 206 Ibid., 22

25

ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂p h∂-X-√.'' (tPm¨ sh…n,

satXmUnkØns‚ ÿm]I≥).

Nmƒkv kv]¿P≥ ]dbp∂Xv

ssZh-Øm¬ Fgp-X-s∏-´n -´p -≈-Xp-sIm≠v

AXns‚ kXysØ Dd-∏n®p sIm≈p-I. CXp

Rm≥ Fgp-Xn-bXp Bbn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, AXp

hna¿i-I¿ Iodn- ]-d-Øp-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]s£ CXp

ssZh-Øns‚ hN-\-ß-fm-Wv. hna¿i-I¿ hsc

Hcp sX‰p I≠p-]n-Sn-°p-I-bn-√. AXp `uXn-I-

amb H∂p-sIm≠pw aen-\-s∏-SmØ ip≤

kz¿Æ-am-Wv. Idp∏v hogmØ kqcy≥, Ccp- n-

√mØ shfn-®w, hnf¿® C√mØ Nµ≥˛

aßen√mØ alXzw˛ AXmWv Xncp-sh-gpØv!

CXp-t]mse CX IrXy-X-bpw, ip≤-hp-amb

as‰mcp ]pkvX-I-sØ-°-dn®v ]d-bm≥ Ign-bn√.

]s£ F√m ⁄m\hpw kzcq-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv

Chn-sS-bm-Wv F∂v \ap°v ]Jym-]n-°phm≥

Ign-bpw. Hcp sX‰pw hcp-ØmsX Ah-km-\n-

∏n-°p∂ \ymbm-[n-]n≥. CXmWv sX‰v sXm´p-

Xo-≠mØ ip≤-amb kXyw. F¥p-sIm≠

∂m¬ ssZh-amWv CXns‚ Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥.

sX‰p-s≠-¶n¬ ssZhsØ Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Ømw!

AX√ Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Dt±-in-°p∂sX

¶n¬ AXpw. A\p-K-ln-°-s∏´ Xncp-sh-gpØp

CXp ]q¿Æ-ambpw kXy-am-Wv. 7

Nmƒkv lmÕ≥ kv]¿P≥ ( ][m\ _m]v‰n

ÃpImc≥)


7 Lindsell, 77.

26


27

cq]-tcJ

I. ssZhsØ kw_-‘n® ho£-W-ß-fpsS \n¿∆-

N-\-ßƒ

A. \mkvXn-I -hmZw

B. At⁄-b hmZw

C. Cuiz-c-hmZw

1. ssZh- hmZw

2. _lp-ssZ-h- hmZw

3. hniz-tZ-h-Xm -hmZw

4. GI-ssZ-h -hmZw

II. ssZhm-kvXnIyw

A. ]]-©- hmZw

B. Iao-I-c-W -hmZw

C. [m¿ΩnI \ymb hmZw

D. kZm-fl-I-hmZw

III.ssZhsØ°pdn®p≈ \n¿h-N\w-

IV.ssZhnI kmcmwiØnse GI-Xzhpw Xn-Xzhpw

A. ssZh-Øns‚ GIXzw

B. ssZh-Øns‚ XnXz ]-IrXw

1. XnXzw ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬

a. ssZhw- -F-_mb ]tbmKw _lp -

-h-N\cq-]-Øn¬

b. ssZhkw_-‘-amb _lp- h-N\

]cma¿ißƒ

c. GI -ssZ-hsa D≈p-sh-¶nepw ssZhw

ssZh-Øn¬\n∂v hyXy-kvX-\m-bn-cn-

°p-∂p

d. ssZh-Øn\v Hcp ]pX-\p-s≠∂v ]g-b-

\n-baw kqNn-∏n-°p∂p-

e. btlm-h-bpsS ZqX≥ ssZh-Øn¬\n∂v

hyXykvX-s\-¶nepw ssZh-am-Ip-∂p

(1) btlm-h-bpsS ZqX≥ ssZh-

Øn¬ \n∂v hyXy-kvX-\m-Ip∂p

(2) btlm-h-bpsS ZqXs\ ssZh-

ambn a‰p-≈-h¿ Xncn-®-dn™p

(3) ssZhamsW∂ I¿Ømhns‚

ZqXs‚ AhImihmZw

(4) D]-kw-lmcw

f. ainl ssZh-Øm¬ Ab-bv°-s∏- -

h≥, Ah≥ ssZh-hpw BIp∂p

(1) ainl ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂v hyXy-

kvX-\m-Ip∂p

(2) ainl ssZh-am-Ip∂p

g. ssZh-Øn\v D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p≈

_lp-h-N-\ ]cma¿i-ßƒ

2. XnXzw ]pXn-b- \n-b-a-Øn¬

a. XnXz-Ønse Hmtcm hy‡n-sbbpw

ssZhsa∂v kwt_m-[\sNbvXn-cn-

°p-∂p

(1) ]nXmhv

(2) ]pX≥

(3) ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv

b. ssZhn-I-km-cmw-i-Ønse c≠p Bf-

Xzßƒ H∂m-bn-cn-°p∂p

c. ssZhnI kmcmw-i-Ønse aq∂p Bf-

Xzßƒ ssZh-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ H∂m-bn-

cn-°p-∂p

V. ssZhØns‚ \ma-ßƒ

A. Ftemlnw

1. G¬j-±mbn

2. G¬ Fteym≥

3. G¬ Hemw

4. G¬ Kn_vt_m¿

B. btlmh

1. D®m-cWw

2. Bcw`w

3. A¿∞w

4. btlmhbn¬ \n∂pw DcnXncn™ D]-\m-a-

ßƒ

a. btlm-h˛ sk_m-tbmØv

b. btlm-h˛ bnsc

A≤ymbw 2

XntbmfPn t]m∏¿ssZhsØ∏‰nbp≈ D]-tZiw

28

c. btlm-h˛ sdms^

d. btlm-h˛ \n n

e. btlm-h˛ imtemw

f. btlm-h˛ tdmbn

g. btlm-h˛ SvknZvs°\q

C. AtUmWmbv

VI. ssZh-Øns‚ kz`mh khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ

A. sssZh-Øns‚ kmcmwi kz`mh khn-ti-j-

X-Iƒ

1. ssZhw Bflm-hm-Ip∂p

2. ssZhw \nXy-\m-Ip∂p

3. ssZhw k¿∆-hym]nbmIp∂p

4. ssZhw am‰-an-√m-Ø-h\mIp∂p

5. ssZhw k¿∆-⁄m\nbmIp∂p

6. ssZhw kzbm-kvXn-Iy-ap-≈-h≥ BIp∂p

7. ssZhw k¿∆-i-‡≥ BIp∂p

8. ssZhw GI-Xz-ap-≈-h≥ BIp∂p

B. ssZh-Øns‚ kZm-Nmc kz`mh khn-ti-j-X-

Iƒ

1. ssZhw ]cn-ip-≤≥ BIp∂p

2. ssZhw kXy-hm≥ BIp∂p

a. hkvXp-Xm-]-cambn kXy-am-Ip∂p

b. [m¿Ωn-I-ambn kXy-am-Ip∂p

c. Aù-aoI-ambn kXy-am-Ip∂p

3. ssZhw \√h≥ BIp∂p

a. ssZhw Icp-W-bp-≈-h≥ BIp∂p

b. ssZhw Zo¿L-£-a-bp-≈-h≥ BIp∂p

c. ssZhw Ir]-bp-≈-h≥ BIp∂p

d. ssZhw kvt\lw BIp-∂p.

4. ssZhw \oXn-bp-≈h≥, AYhm- \ymb-

ap≈h≥ BIp∂p

5. ssZhw _p≤n-am≥ BIp∂p

6. ssZhw [\y≥ BIp∂p

7. ssZhw al-Xz-hm≥ BIp∂p

XntbmfPn t]m∏¿:ssZhsØ∏‰nbp≈

D]-tZiw

I. ssZhsØ kw_-‘n® ho£-W-ßfpsS \n¿hN

\-ßƒ

A. \mkvXn-IhmZw

Hcp ssZh-h-ap-s≠-∂p≈ hkvXpX \mkvXnI hmZw

\ntj-[n -°p -∂p. am\h-a -Xhpw Dd® ùXn -I-

hm-Zhpw \mkvXnI hmZ-tØmSp hfsc tbmPn-°p-∂p.

am\-h-a-X-Øns‚ hnizmkw Fs¥-∂m¬ a\p-jy≥

kzbtI-µo-IrX A[n-Imcw D≈-h\pw Ahs‚ al-

Xz-amWv G‰hpw DØaw F∂p-am-Wv. uXn-I-amb Hcp

]]©sØ amX-amWv uXn-I-hmZw bmYm¿∞y-ambn

]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂-Xv.

B. At⁄-b-hmZw

ssZhw Dt≠m F∂v \n›-b-an-√mØ Ahÿ;

ssZhmkvXn-IysØ a\p-jy\p Fs∂-¶nepw Adn-bp-

hm≥ Ign-bp-sa∂ hkvXpX At⁄-b-hmZw X≈n-

°-f-bp-∂p. Cu hmZhpw am\-ha-X-ambpw ùXn-I-hm-Z-

ambpw hfsc s]mcp-Ø-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. Hcp am\-h-a-X-

hmZn ssZhw Ds≠∂ km[yX kΩ-Xn-t®-°mw.

F∂m¬, ssZh-kw-_-‘-ambn \ap°v Adn-bp-hm≥

Ign-bm-Ø-Xn-\m¬, ssZh-sa∂ hkvXpX Pohn-X-Øn¬

A]-k-‡-amb H∂m-Wv. A]-Imcw Xs∂, Hcp

ùXnI hmZnbpw ssk≤m-¥n-I-ambn ssZhw D≠m-

bn-cn-°p-hm≥ km[y-X-bp-s≠∂p hnNm-cn-°p-s∂-¶nepw

Hcn-°epw ssZh-Øn\v bmsXmcp hn[ ]cn-K-W-\bpw

sImSp-°m-sX-bmWv PohnXw X≈-n\o-°p-∂-Xv.

C. Cuiz-c-hmZw

GsX¶nepw HcpssZhØn¬ hnizkn°p∂Xns\bm

Wv Cuizchnizmkw F∂p ]dbp∂Xv

1. ssZh-hm-Zn-Iƒ Hcp ssZh-ap-s≠∂v Xo¿®-s∏-Sp-

Øp∂p; F∂n-cp-∂mepw ssZhw ]]-©-Im-cy-ß-fn¬

Xev]-ct\m, a\p-jy-\p-ambn Bi-b-hn-\n-abw -\-S-

Øp∂ht\m A√. AXm-bXv krjvSm-hmb ssZhw

\nb-¥n-Xmhv A√.

2. _lp- ssZh- hmZw H∂n¬Iq-Sp-X¬ ssZh-ß-fn-ep≈

hnizm-ksØ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p.

3. hniz-tZ-h-Xm- hm-Zn-Iƒ Cu ]]©w Xs∂ ssZh-

am-sW∂p hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv. \mkvXnI ùXn-I-

hm-Z-hp-ambn hfsc tbmPn-°p∂ Hcp hmZ-ap-J-am-WnXv.

Cu ùXnI ]]©w amX-amWv bmYm¿∞y-sa∂v

A∏w sIm≠p amX-a√

29

hniz-tZ-hXm hmZn-Ifpw bYm¿∞ `uXnI hmZn-Ifpw

hniz-kn-°p-∂p. Cu `uXnI ]]©w "ssZhw' F∂v

ho£n-°p∂hcmWv ap≥Iq- -sc√mw Xs∂.

4. GI -ssZ-h-hm-Zn-IfpsS hnizmkw Htc Hcp ssZh-

sa-bp≈q. blq-Z¿, InkvXym-\n-Iƒ, ap…n-ßƒ

IqSmsX hnhn[ aX-°mcpw GI-ssZh hnizm-kn-

IfmWv.

II. ssZhm-kvXnIyw

ssZhm-kvXn-IysØ kw_-‘n-®p≈ ]q¿Æ-hn-h-c-

ßfpw, ssZh- im -kvX-Øn-ep -≈-Xn -s\-°mƒ,

InkvXob sXfn-hp-Iƒ°p-f-fn-emWv \ne-\n¬°p-∂-

Xv. Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-I-fpsS AXp-eyhpw Akm-[m-

cWhpamb ]tXy-I-Xbpw I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-

kvXp-sh∂ hy‡n-Xz-hp-amWv ssZhm-kvXn-Iy-Øn\v

G‰hpw al-Ømb sXfn-hv. Cu ssZh-im-kvX-hn- m-

K-Øn¬, ssZhsØ kw_-‘n® Xncp-sh-gp-Øp--I-fpsS

]Tn-∏n-°-ep-Iƒ hy‡-am-°p-I-bmWv Dt±-iyw, adn®v

ssZhw Ds≠∂v sXfn-bn-°phm≥ ian-°p-I-b-√.

ssZhw Ds≠∂ bmYm¿∞y-t∑-emWv Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-

Iƒ ASn-ÿm-\-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv, amX-a√ ssZhm-kvXn-

IysØ \ntj-[n-°p-∂-hsc aqU≥ F∂p Xncp-sh-

gpØv hnfn-°p-∂p (k-¶o. 14:1; 53:1). ssZhm-kvXnIyw

F∂ hnjbw Kth-jWw \S-Øp-hm≥ BK-ln-°p∂

hnZym¿∞n InkvXob sXfn-hp-Iƒ ]T-\-hn-t[-b-am-

°ntb Xocq. F∂n-cp-∂mepw, ssZh-im-kvX-⁄-∑m¿

ASn-ÿm\ ssZh-im-kvX-Øn¬ ssZhm-kvXn-IysØ

a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ ian-°p-tºmƒ ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb

XXz-im-kvX-hm-Z-ap-J-ßfpw Dƒs∏-Sp-Øm-dp≠v. hy‡-

am-°p-hm≥ th≠n- \mapw Ahsb ]cn-tim-[n°pw;

F∂mepw ssZhm-kvXn-IysØ kw_-‘n® G‰hpw

DØ-a -amb hmZ -ap -J -ßƒ InkvXpimkvXw

InkvXphns‚ PohnXw F∂ Htc Hcp ]T-\-hn- m-K-

Øn¬ amX-amWv e`y-am-bn- p-≈Xv.

A. ]]-©-hmZw

]]-©-hm-Z-a-\p-k-cn®v F√m Imcy-ßƒ°pw ]cym-]vX-

amb Hcp Imc-W-ap-≠v. ]]©w Hcp Imcy-am-Wv. AXn-

\m¬, Imc-Wn-√mØ BZn-Im-cWw ssZh-am-bn-cn-°pw.

B. Iao-I-cWhmZw

Iao -IrXamXr -I-bn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp∂ GXn\p

]n∂nepw cq]-I-ev]\ sNbvX ]m]vX-\mb Hcp

hy‡n-Xz-ap-s≠-∂mWv Cu hmZ-KXn Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xv.

]]-©-Øn¬ apgp-h\pw Hcp Iahpw Xmfhpw icn-

bmb Hcp cq]-I-ev]-\bpw Zriy-amWv. cq]-I-ev]\

sNbvXh≥ D≠mtb aXn-bm-Iq, AXv ssZhamWv.

C. [m¿ΩnI \ymbhmZw

a\p-jy-\n-ep≈ ss\ ¿§n-I-amb Hcp [m¿ΩnI \nb-

a-hy-hÿ Hcp \nb-a-Zm-Xm-hn-te°v hnc¬ Nq≠p∂p

F∂v ss\XnI hmZw ]Tn -∏n -°p -∂p. k¿∆-

cp-sSbpw A¥-cw-K-Øn¬ [m¿ΩnI hyh-ÿm-]nX

t_m[hpw t_m≤yhpw D≠v. ]tXy-In®v GsX-¶nepw

sX‰n-e-I-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ a\-km£nbn¬ IpØp-≠m-Ip-

∂p. \oXn-]q¿∆-amb Hcp \ymb-hy-hÿm t_m[w D≈-

Xn-\m¬ ssZh-sa∂ Hcp \nb-a-Zm-Xmhv D≠mtb aXn-

bm-Iq.

D. kZm-fl-IhmZw

kZm-flI-hmZw kv]jvS-am-°p-∂Xv Hcp Bhiyw

Ds≠∂ t_m[yw B Bhiyw \n¿∆ln°s∏Spsa

∂ bmYm¿∞y-Øn-te°v hnc¬Nq-≠p-∂psh∂mWv.

Hcp Ip™n\v hni-°p-tºmƒ Xs∂ Blmcw

Ds≠∂v Ahs‚ D≈n¬ t_m≤y-ap≠v. `qcn-]£w

Bfp-Ifpw Cuiz-c-hm-Zn-I-fm-b-Xn-\m¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw

Hcp ssZh-ap-≠v.

III. ssZhsØ°pdn®p≈ \n¿hN\w

Xncp-sh-gp-Øn-I-fn-sem-cn-SØpw ssZhsØ ]q¿Æ-ambn

\n¿∆Nn-®n- n√. ""Bflmhv'' (tbm-l. 4: 24); ""shfn®w''

(1 tbml. 1: 5) ; ""kvt\lw'' (1 tbml. 4: 16); ""Zln-∏n-

°p∂ A·n'' (F-_m. 12: 29) XpS-ßnb hnti-j-W-

ßƒ ssZh-Øn\v \evI-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. hy‡n-sb∂

\ne-bn¬ km[m-cW \¬Ip∂ \n¿h-N-\w, _p≤n,

hnImcw, C— F∂n-h-bp≈ Hcp hy‡n-bmWv ssZhw.

""Poh-\p≈ ssZhw'' F∂v ssZhsØ kwt_m-[\

sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p (1 iap. 17: 26; aØm-bn.16: 16; 1 sX .

1: 9 ImWpI). kw£n-]vX-amb Hcp \n¿h-N\w

ssZhsØ kw_-‘n®p \¬Ip-∂-Xn¬ ssZh-im-kvX-

⁄-∑m¿ sshjayw t\cn-Sp-∂p-≠v. B ]c-tam-∂-X-

amb hy‡n-Xz-Øn\p \¬In-bn- p≈ \n¿∆-N-\-ß-fn¬

hfsc tbmKy-ambn tXm∂p-∂Xv XpS¿∂pw Ipdn-

°p∂p.

""kI-e-Øn-s‚bpw tkmX pw B[m-chpw Ah-km-

\-hp-am-bn-cn-°p∂ A]-cn-ta-b\pw k¿∆-k-ºq¿Æ-\p-

amb BflmhmWv ssZhw'' 1

""A]-cn-ta-b≥, \nXy-\m-b-h≥, kjvSmhv, kwc-£-I≥,

Bflm-hm-Ip∂ ]]© \nb-¥n-Xm-hv, kvt\lw, shfn-

®w, k¿∆-Øn\pw tkmX pw Ah-km-\-hp-amb

AXpey-hy‡n ]`m-h-amWv ssZhw''.2 hogvNbv°pw

XntbmfPn t]m∏¿: ssZhsØ∏‰nbp≈ D]-tZiw

1. Augustus H . Strong, Systematic Theology, 3 Vols. in 1, reprintedition (Old Tappan, N.J: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1976) 52.2. John Miles, “Doctrine,” Unpublished class notes, GrandRapids School of The Bible and Music, 1974) 16.

30

]m]- ]-th-i-\-Øn\pw ssZhw t\cn- pff Imc-W-a-√,

adn®v Ahn-Sp∂v A\p-h-Z-\ob ImcWw amX-am-bn-

cp∂p. AXn-\m¬ XpS¿ ]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-cn-°p∂ hkvXp-

Xbpw kzoI-cy-am-Wv: kzbw- q-hpw, ]m]-sam-gnsI kI-

e-Øn\pw Imc-W\pw, A]-cn-ta-b-\pw \√-h-\p-amb

ssZhw AZr-iy\pw Bfl-cq-]n-bp-am-Wv.

IV. ssZhnI kmcmwiØnse GI-Xzhpw XnXzhpw

ssZhw GI\pw ]nXm-hv, ]pX≥, ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv

F∂o Xpey-cmb aq∂p Bf-Xz-ßƒ D≈ hy‡n-Xz-

hp-amsW∂v Xncp-sh-gpØv ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p. Cu Bf-

Xz-ßƒ aq∂p ssZh-ß-f√; GI-ssZhw hyXyÿ

Ime-L- -ß-fn¬ XrXob `mh-ß-fn¬ shfn-s∏- -Xp-a-

√. ssZhw aq∂p `mK-ß-fmbn BkvXn-Iy-ap-f-f-h-\m-

bn-cn-°p∂p F∂√ CXn-\¿∞w, ImcWw ssZhsØ

hn`m-Kn-°m-\m-hn-√. ssZh-Øns‚ At\I `mh-ßƒ

a\- n-em-°m-\m-hpw, Nne-tXm, XnI®pw AKm-ly-hp-

am-Wv. A⁄m-X-\mb Hcp Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ C]-Imcw

kw£n-]vXs∏-Sp-Ønbncn-°p-∂p, ""InkvXob k`bv°p

e`n-®n-cn-°p∂ ASn-ÿm\ D]-tZiw Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-Iƒ

C]-Imcw ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p; GI-ssZhw, B ssZh-Øn¬

hy‡n-Iƒ F∂ \ne-bn¬ hnh-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂, kmcmw-

i-Øn¬ H∂mb aq∂p Bf-Xz-ßƒ Dƒs∏- n-cn-°p-∂p,

F∂m¬ Ah¿ GX¿∞-Øn¬ hyXy-ÿ-am-bn-cn-°p-

s∂t∂m GX¿∞-Øn¬ H∂m-bn-cn-°p-s∂t∂m

\ap°v \n›-bn-°m-\m-hn√.''

A. ssZh-Øns‚ GIXzw

Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-Iƒ GI -ssZ-h-hn-izm-ksØ ]Tn-∏n-

°p∂p. GI -ssZ-h-Øn¬ aq∂p Bf-Xz-ßƒ sFIy-

s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p (B-h. 4: 35; 6: 4; 1 cmPm. 8: 60; 2 cmPm.

19: 15; sbi. 43: 10; 44: 6,8; skJ. 14: 9; 1 sImcn. 8: 6;

Kem. 3: 20; 1 Xnsam. 2: 5; bmt°m_v 2:19).

bnkm-tb-te, tIƒ°; btlmh \ΩpsS ssZh-

am-Ip∂p; btlmh GI≥ Xs∂ (B-h. 6: 4).

....-GI ssZhta \ap-°p-≈q (1 sImcn. 8: 6).

... ssZhtam Hcp-Ø≥ amXw (K-em. 3: 20).

ssZhw Hcp-h-\-t√m.. (1 Xnsam. 2: 5).

ssZhw GI≥ F∂p \o hniz-kn-°p-∂pthm;

sIm≈mw....(-bm-t°m-_v. 2: 19).

B. ssZh-Øns‚ XnXz-]-IrXw

XnXz-sa∂ a¿Ωw ]cn-]q¿Æ-ambn Kln-°p-hm-\m-hn-

s√-¶nepw, Bh¿Øn®v ]Tn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp thZ-]p-

kvXI D]-tZ-i-ambn AXns\ kzoI-cn-°-Ww.

1. XnXzw ]gb \nb-a-Øn¬

XntXzm-]-tZiw ]pXn-b -\n-b-a-Øn-emWv hniZ-ambn

]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-cn-°p-∂sX∂p hcn-In-epw, ]g-b\n-b-a-

Ønepw XntXzm]-tZiw ]tcm-£-ambn Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-

´p-s≠∂ hkvXpX hfsc ]k-‡-amWv (sb-». 9: 6;

k¶o. 110: 1; bnsc. 23: 5˛6 F∂o hmIyßƒ ImWpI).

a. ssZhsØ°pdn-°p∂ F_mb hm°v (G-tem-lnw)

_lp-h-N\ cq]-Øn-em-Wv. F_mb ]Z-Øns‚ _lp-

h-N-\-]-tbmKw AXn¬ Xs∂ XnXz-Øn\v sXfn-hm-

Ip-∂n-√. hymI-cW I¿Øm-°ƒ hnfn-°p∂ ""_lp-a-

Xn-]-Z-Øns‚ _lp-h-N\ cq]w'' Bbn-cn°mw AXv.

apJw, sh≈w, BImiw F∂n-h-bv°p≈ F_mb

]Z-ßfpw _lp-h-N\ ]tbm-K-Øn-em-Wv. F¶nepw

ssZhsØ kw_-‘n®v D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ ]Z-

Øns‚ hymI-cW ]tbm-K-Øn\v XnXz Bibw hcp-

∂p-≠v. H∏w XnXz-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ a‰p sXfn-hp-Ifpw

hy‡-ambn \ne-sIm-≈p-tºmƒ, ssZh-kw-_-‘-amb

_lp-h-N-\-]-tbm-K-Øn\v Xr]vX-amb Hcp hni-Zo-I-

c-W-sa-s¥-∂m¬ ssZh-Øns‚ XnXz ]Ir-X-Øn\p

am¿Ωn-I-amb Hcp kqN-\-bm-bn-cp∂p AXv.

b. ssZh-Øn¬ Hcp _lp-Xz-ap-s≠∂p kv]jvS-am-

°p∂ Hcp Iq´w ]g-b-\n-ba kwt_m-[-\-Iƒ it≤-

b-am-Wv. CXc hni-Zo-I-c-W-ßƒ km[y-am-b-Xn-\m¬,

B `mK-ßƒ Ah-bn¬ Xs∂ XnXzsØ ÿm]n-°p-

∂n√. F¶n-epw, hy‡-amb thZ- m-K-ß-fpsS ]Im-i-

\-Øm¬ XntXzm-]-tZ-isØ kw_-‘n® c≠mw Xc

sXfn-hp-I-fmbn \ne-sIm-≈p-∂p.

\mw \ΩpsS kzcq-]-Øn¬ \ΩpsS kmZr-iy-

]-Imcw a\p-jys\ D≠m-°pI (D-ev]. 1: 26).

....-\∑ Xn∑-Isf Adn-hm≥ X°-hÆw \Ωn¬

Hcp-Ø-s\-t∏mse Bbn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p...

(Dev]. 3: 22).

At∏mƒ btlmh:.... \mw Cd-ßn-s®-∂p, Ah¿

XΩn¬ `mj Xncn-®-dn-bm-Xn-cn-∏m≥ Ah-cpsS

`mj Ie-°n-°fI F∂p Acp-fn-sNbvXp

(Dev]. 11: 6, 7) A\-¥cw Rm≥ Bsc Abbv-

t°≠p? B¿ \ap°p th≠n t]mIpw....?

(sb-i. 6:8).

sbi-ømhv 6˛¬ knwlm-k\ÿ-\mbn A-cp-fn-sN-øp∂

hy‡n InkvXp BsW∂p tbml-∂m≥ 12: 41-˛42

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. ]hrØn. 28: 25 apX-ep≈ `mK-ß-

fn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv Cu Imcy-ßƒ ]d-™n-cn-°p-

∂-Xmbn ImWp∂p. sb»øm ]h-N\ ]›m-Ø-e-

Øn¬ ]nXmhmw ssZhw Xncp-hm-bvsam-gn-™-Xmbn

Hcp-h\v a\- n-em-°mw. Cu `mK-ßƒ Iq´n-t®¿°p-

tºmƒ XnXz-Øns‚ kqN\ e`n-°pw.


31

c. GI-k-Xy-ssZ-hta D≈p-sh-¶nepw ssZhw ssZh-

Øn¬ \n∂v hyXy-kvX-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

...-b-tlmh Ah-t\m-Sv.... Ah-cpsS ssZh-amb

btlm-h-sb-s°m≠p Ahsc c£n°pw F∂v

Acp-fn-sNbvXp (tlm-tib 1: 6˛7).

d. ssZh-Øn\v Hcp ]pX-\p-s≠∂v ]g b-\n-b-ahpw

kqNn-∏n-°p∂p (sb-i. 9: 6 ImWp-I).

Rm≥ Hcp \n¿Æbw ]kvXm-hn -°p∂p;

btlmh Ft∂mSp Acp-fn-s®-bvXXv: ""\o Fs‚

]pX≥; C∂p Rm≥ \ns∂ P\n-∏n-®n-cn -

°p∂p''(k¶o. 2: 7).

Ah≥ tIm]n-®n´p \nßƒ hgn-bn¬ h®p \in-

°m-Xn-cn-∏m≥ ]pXs\ Npw_n-∏n≥ (k-¶o. 2:12).

.....- q-an-bpsS Adp-Xn-I-sf-sbm-s°bpw \nb-an-®-

h≥ B¿? Ahs‚ t]sc¥p? Ahs‚ aIs‚

t]¿ F¥p? \n\-°-dn-bmtam? (k-Zr-iyw. 30: 4).

e. btlm-h-bpsS ZqX≥ ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂v hyXy-

kvX-\mbn ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh-¶nepw ssZh-am-bn-

cn°p∂p.

(1) btlm-h-bpsS ZqX≥ ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂v hyXy-kvX-

\m-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

F∂msd btlm-h-bpsS ZqX≥: ""ssk\yß

fpsS btlm-th.... (sk-J. 1: 12).

(2) btlm-h-bpsS ZqXs\ ssZh-ambn a‰p-≈-h¿ Xncn-

®-dn™p

lmKm¿˛ ""ssZh-sa, \o Fs∂ ImWp∂p F∂p

t]¿ hnfn®p'' (D-ev]. 16: 13).

Dev]-Øn- ]pkvXIØns‚ KŸ-I¿Øm-hmb

tami ""Xt∂mSv Acp-fn-sNbvX btlm-hbv°p''

(D-ev]. 16: 13).

\ymbm-[n-]-∑m-cpsS KŸ-I¿Ømhv -˛""At∏mƒ

btlmh Ahs\ t\m°n .... (\ym-bm. 6: 14);

btlmh Ah-t\mSv (\ym-b.6: 16).

KnsZ-tbm≥˛ Atøm. I¿Øm-th, Rm≥ bnkm-

tb-ens\ Fß-s\ -c-£n°pw? (\ym-bm. 6: 15).

inwtims‚ amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ ˛ ssZhsØ I≠-

Xp-sIm≠p \mw... (\ym-bm. 13: 22).

(3) btlm-h-bpsS ZqX≥ ssZh-sa∂v kzbw ]Jym-

]n-°p∂p (D-ev]. 22: 11˛ 12 ImWp-I).

. . -s_-tY-ens‚ ssZhw BIp∂p Rm≥...

(D-ev]. 31:13).

....-\ns‚ ]nXm-hns‚ ssZhw (]p-d. 3: 6).

A\-¥cw btlm-h-bpsS Hcp ZqX≥ KnevKm-en¬

\n∂p t_mJo-an-te°p h∂p ]d-™Xp: Rm≥

\nßsf ank-bn-an¬ \n∂p ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn®p; \nß-

fpsS ]nXm-°-∑m-cptSm kXyw sNbvX tZi-

tØ°p \nßsf sIm≠p-h∂p: \nß-tfm-Sp≈

Fs‚ \nbaw Rm≥ Hcn-°epw ewLn-°-bn√

F∂pw... (\ym-b. 2:1).

(4) D]-kw-lmcw

btlm-h-bpsS ZqX≥ ssZh-am-sW-¶nepw ssZh-Øn¬

\n∂v hyXy-kvX-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. km[y-amb c≠p

\n¿Æ-b-ßƒ: H∂pIn¬, c≠p ssZh-ß-fp-≠v (Xn-cp-

sh-gpØv AwKo-I-cn-°mØ Imcyw), As√-¶n¬ ssZh-

Øn¬ Hcp Bf-Xz-Øn¬ IqSp-X-ep-s≠∂v ]g-b-\n-baw

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.

f. ainl ssZh-Øm¬ Ab-°-s∏- -h-s\-¶nepw ssZh-

am-Ip∂p (k-¶o. 110:1; bnsc. 23:5˛6; sbi. 7:4; 9:16).

(1) ainl ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂v hyXy-kvX-\m-bn-cn-°p∂p:

Ah≥ ssZh-Øns‚ Zmk-\m-Ip-∂p.

CXm, Rm≥ Xmßp∂ Fs‚ Zmk≥; Fs‚

D≈w ]km-Zn-°p∂ Fs‚ arX≥; Rm≥ Fs‚

Bflm-hns\ Ah-s‚-ta¬ sh®n-cn-°p∂p;

Ah≥ PmXn-I-tfmSv \ymbw ]kvXm-hn°pw

(sbi. 42:1).

(2) ainl ssZh-am-Ip∂p

\ap°v Hcp inip P\n--®n-cn-°p∂p; \ap°v Hcp

aI≥ \evI-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p; B[n-]Xyw Ahs‚

tXmfn¬ Ccn°pw; Ah\p A¤pX a¥n,

hoc\mw ssZhw, \nXy ]nXm-hv, kam-[m\ ]`p

F∂p t]¿ hnfn-°-s∏Spw (sb-i. 9:6).

g. ssZh-kw-_-‘-ambn Hcp Iq´w _lp-h-N\ ]tbm-

K-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂p (D-Zm. Dev]. 20:13 epw

35:7 sebpw Inbm ]tbm-K-ßƒ; k`m. 12:1, sbi.

54:5 se \ma-ßƒ). B `mK-ßƒ AXn¬ Xs∂

XnXzw sXfn-bn-°p-∂n√. XntXzm-]-tZ-isØ \ntj-

[n-°p-∂-h¿°m¿°pw AsX√mw hymI-c-W-Øns‚

_lp-apJ ]tbm-K-ß-fm-sW∂v hmZn®v X≈n-°-f-bm

\m-Ipw. F∂m¬, a‰-t\Iw mK-ßƒ XnXzsØ hy‡-

ambn ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ B _lp-h-N\ kwt_m-

[-\-I-sf√mw Xs∂ XnXz-sa∂ bmYm¿∞y-Øns‚

a\:]q¿∆-amb Bfl-\n-izkvX kqN-\-I-fm-bn-cn-∏m≥

Gsd km[y-X-bp-≠v.3

3.(F. H.W Gesenius, Gesenuis Hebrew Grammar, ed. andtrans. F. Kautzch, rev. A.F Cowley, 2nd ed. (Oxford:Clarendon Press, 1910) 273, 399.


32

\ns‚ bu∆-\-Im-eØp \ns‚ kjvSm-hns\ (F-

_m: "" kjvSm -°ƒ'') Hm¿Øp-sImƒI

(k- m. 12: 1).

\ns‚ kjvSm-hm-Ip∂p (F-_m. ""kjvSm-°ƒ)

\ns‚ `¿Ømhv (sb-i. 54: 5).

2. XnXzw ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬

a. XnXz-Ønse Hmtcm hy‡n-I-sfbpw ssZh-sa∂v

kwt_m-[\ sNbvXn-´p≠v, As√-¶n¬ Ah-cn¬

ssZhXzw Ah-Im-i-s∏- n- p≠v.

(1) ]nXmhv (tdm-a. 1:7; Kem. 1: 3; Fs^. 1:2; ^nen. 1:2

XpSßnbh )

(2) ]pX≥ (tbm-l. 1:1, 18; 5:18; 8:58; 10:30; 14, 9:20: 28;

]hrØn 20:28; tdma¿ 9:5; ^nen. 2:6; sImsem. 1:15

˛16; 2:9; XosØm 2:13; F_m. 1:8; 2 ]sXm. 1:1;

1 tbml. 5:20). (InkvXp-hns‚ ssZh-Xz-sØ-°p-dn®v

IqSp -X¬ ]T-\-Øn-\mbn ""InkvXp -imkvXw''

A≤ymbw 8 ImWp-I).

BZnbn¬ hN\w D≠m-bn-cp∂p; hN\w ssZh-

tØmSp IqsS-bm-bn-cp∂p; hN\w ssZh-am-bn-

cp∂p (tbm-l. 1:1).

tXmakv Aht\mSv: Fs‚ I¿Ømhpw Fs‚

ssZhhpw Bbp-t≈mth F∂p DØcw ]d™p

(tbm-l. 20:28).

Ah-\n-et√m ssZh-Øns‚ k¿∆-k-ºq¿Æ-

Xbpw tZl-cq-]-ambn hkn-°p-∂Xv (sIm-sem. 2:9).

\mw `mKy-I-c-amb ]Xym-i-°m-bn´pw alm-ssZ-

hhpw \ΩpsS c£n-Xm-hp-amb tbipInkvXp-

hns‚ tXP- ns‚ ]Xy-£-X.. (Xo-sØmkv 2:12).

]pX-t\mtSm: ""ssZhta,'' \ns‚ knwlm-k\w

F∂pw Ft∂-°p-ap-≈Xv; \ns‚ cmP-Xz-Øns‚

sNt¶m¬ t\cp≈ sNt¶m¬ (F-_m. 1:8).

(3) ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv

At∏mƒ ]tXmkv: A\-\ym-tk, ]cn-ip-≤m-

flm-hn-t\mSv hymPw ImWn-∏m\pw \ne-Øns‚

hne-bn¬ Ipsd F-Sp-Øp-sh-∏m\pw kmØm≥

\ns‚ lrZbw ssIh-i-am-°n-bXp F¥p?

AXp hnev°pw apsº \nt‚-X-√m-bn-cp-∂n-√tbm?

hn‰ hnti-jhpw \ns‚ ssIhiw A√m-

™pthm? Cu Imcy-Øn\p \o a\- p-sh-®Xp

F¥p? a\p-jy-tcm-S√ ssZh-tØm-SsX \o

hymPw ImWn-®Xp F∂p ]d™p

(]-hr. 5:3˛4).

I¿Ømhp Bflm-hm-Ip∂p; I¿Øm-hns‚

Bflm-hp -t≈-SØp kzmX¥yw D≠v

(2 sImcn. 3:17).

b. ssZhnI kmcmw-i-Ønse c≠p Bf-Xz-ßƒ H∂m-

bn-cn-°p-∂p.

""....-C-h≥ Fs‚ ]nb-]p-X≥, Ch-¶¬ Rm≥

]km-Zn-°p-∂p...'' (a-Øm. 17:5).

""Rm\pw ]nXmhpw H∂m-Ip∂p'' (tbm-l. 10:30).

""....-Fs∂ I≠-h≥ ]nXm-hns‚ I≠n-cn-°p-

∂p...'' (tbm-l. 14:9).

c. ssZhnI kmcmw-i-Ønse aq∂p Bf-Xz-ßƒ ssZh-

sa∂ \ne-bn¬ H∂m-bn-cn-°p∂p. XnXz-Ønse aq∂p

Bf-Xz-ß-sfbpw Hcp-an®v kqNn-∏n-°p∂ [mcmfw thZ-

`m-K-ß-fp≠v (a-Øm. 3:16˛17; 28:19; tbml. 14:16˛17; 15:

26; 16:7˛15; tdma. 8:14˛17; Kem. 4:4˛6; Fs^. 1:3˛14; 4:

4˛6; 1 sImcn. 12:4- 6; 2 sImcn. 1:21˛22; 13:14; F_m. 9:

14; 1 ]tXm. 1:2).

tbip kv\m\w G‰ DSs\ sh≈-Øn¬ \n∂p

Ibdn; At∏mƒ kz¿§w Xpd∂p ssZhm-flmhp

]msh-∂-t]mse Cdßn Xs‚ ta¬ hcp-∂Xp

Ah≥ I≠p; ""Ch≥ Fs‚]nb ]pX≥; Ch-

\n¬ Rm≥ ]km-Zn-®n-cn-°p∂p'' F∂p kz¿§-

Øn¬ \n∂p Hcp i_vZhpw (]n-Xm-hv) D≠mbn

(a-Øm. 3:16˛17).

.... ]nXm-hn-s‚bpw ]pX-s‚bpw ]cn-ip-≤m-

flm-hn--s‚bpw \ma-Øn¬ kv\m\w Ign-∏n®p

(a-Øm. 28:19).

F∂m¬ Rm≥ (]pX\mw ssZhw) ]nXm-hn-

t\mSp tNmZn°pw; Ah≥ kXy-Øns‚

Bflmhp F∂ as‰mcp Imcy -ÿs\

Ft∂°pw \nß-tfm-Sp-IqsS Ccn-t°-≠-Xn\p

\nßƒ°p Xcpw (tbm-l. 14:16).

F∂m¬ Ime-k-ºq¿ÆX h∂-t∏mƒ ssZhw

Xs‚ ]pXs\ kvXobn¬ \n∂p P\n-®-h-\mbn

\ntbm-Kn-®-b-®Xp... \nßƒ a°ƒ BI-

sIm≠p A∫m ]nXmsh F∂p hnfn-°p∂

kz]pXs‚ Bflm-hns\ ssZhw \ΩpsS lrZ-

b-ß-fn¬ Ab®p (K-em. 4:4, 6).

I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ Ir]bpw

ssZh-Øns‚ kvt\lhpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-

hns‚ Iq´mbvabpw \nßsf√mh-tcmSpw C-cn-

°p-am-dm-Is´ (2 sImcn. 13:14).


33

.... ]nXm-hmb ssZh-Øns‚ ap∂-dnhp HØ-

hÆw Bflm-hns‚ hnip-≤o-I-cWw ]m]n®p

A\pk-cWw ImWn-∏m\pw tbipIn-kvXp -

hns‚ c‡-Øm¬ Xfn-°-s∏-Sp-hm-\p-ambn hrX-

∑m-cm-b-h¿°v Fgp-Xp-∂-Xv... (1 ]sXm. 1:2).

V. ssZhØns‚ \ma-ßƒ

thZ-]p-kvXIw an°t∏mgpw Hcp hy‡nsb t]cn-\m-

emWv Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ ssZhsØ kw_-

‘n®v, Ahn-S-sØ hy‡n-Xz-Øns‚ khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ

hni-Z-am-°p-hm-\mWv hyXykvX \m-a-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-

®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ssZhnI \ma-cq-]-ß-sf-°p-dn®v ]Tn-°p-

∂-Xn-eqsS ssZhnI hy‡n-XzsØ a\- n-em-°p-hm-

\m-Ipw.

A. Ftemlnw

Ftemlnw ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ GI-tZiw 2,570 XhW

Z¿in-°mw. AXn\p Xpey-amb Ko°v ]Zw Xntbmkv

(Theos) BWv. kmt¶-Xn-I-]-c-am-bn, CsXmcp \ma-

a√. Hcp hy‡n-bpsS bYm¿∞ \maw dn®m¿Uv F∂m-

bn-cns° At±-lsØ ""D]-tZin'' F∂v kwt_m-[\

sNøp∂ coXn-bn-emWv Cu \ma-hn-ti-j-W-hpw.

Ftemlnw Hcp _lp-h-N-\-cq-]-amWv (Xm-c-Xayw

sNøpI: kmdm- p-Iƒ, sIcq-_p-Iƒ). AXv AXn¬

Xs∂ XnXzsØ sXfn-bn-°p-∂n-s√-¶nepw ssZh-

Øns‚ XnXz- kz-`m-h-Øn\v Hcp kqN-\-bm-Imw.

Ftemlnw ssZh-Øns‚ ""kjvSmhv'' F∂ I¿Ω -]-

Z-hnsb hy‡-am-°m-\p-]-tbm-Kn-®ncn°p∂p (D-ev]. 1:

1; sbi. 45:18; tbml. 1:9). Ckm-tb-ens‚ amX-a√

k¿∆-a-\p-jy-cp-sSbpw ssZh-ambn Cu \ma-Øm¬

ssZhsØ hnti-jn-∏n-°mw(Dev]. 24:7; sbi. 37:16;

54:5; bnsc. 32:27). qan-bpsS apgp-h≥ \ymbm-[n-]-\mbpw

Cu hnti-j-W-Øm¬ kqNn-∏n-®n-cn-°p∂p (k¶o. 50:

6; 58:11; 75:7). IqSmsX ssZhsØ hy‡n-]-c-amb c£n-

Xm-hmbpw Ftemlnw NnXo-I-cn-°p∂p (D-ev]. 17:8;

]pd. 3:6; bnsc. 23:23). 4

Ftemlnw ssZhsØ krjvSn-Xm-hmbpw ]c-am-[n-Im-

cn-bmbpw k¿∆- q-an-bp-sSbpw c£-I-\mbpw Ah-X-cn-

∏n-°p-∂p.

1. F¬jv±mbn As√¶n¬ j±mbn (D-ev]. 17:1;

]pd. 6:3) ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ \mev]Øn F v ]mhiyw

ImWp∂p (ap-∏-Øn-sbm∂p ]mhiyw Ctøm-_n¬).

Ko°n¬ XØpey-amb ]Zw ]ms‚m-Im-‰¿ (sh-fn. 1:

8; 19:6). ""k¿∆-i-‡≥'' F∂mWv Cu hnti-j-W-

Øns‚ A¿∞w. Cu F_mb ]tbm-K-Øns‚

Dev]Øn \n¿Æ-bn-°pI- ]bm-k-am-Wv. j±mZv

F∂m¬ kwlm-c-I≥. j±ns‚ A¿∞w amdv F∂m-

Wv. ]¿∆-X-Øns‚ At°-Snb≥ ]tbm-K-amWv jmZp.

Cu hni-Zo-I-cWßtfmtcm∂pw icn-bm-Wv. k¿∆-i-

‡s‚ ASn-ÿm\ A¿∞w C]-Imcw hnh-£n°mw:

ZpjvS-∑msc \in-∏n-°p-hm≥ i‡n-bp-≈-h≥, ]cn-

]q¿Æ-\mb ]cn-t]m-j-I≥, ]¿∆Xw t]mse i‡≥5

F_mb ]tZm-ev]-Øn-sbm∂pw ]cn-K-Wn-°msX

Xs∂ LXX (Septuagint ]gb\nb-a-Øns‚ Ko°v ]cn-

`m-j) G¬j-±m-bn°p \¬Ip∂ ""k¿∆-i-‡≥'' F∂

ASn-ÿm\ A¿∞w Dƒs°m-≈p-hm-\mIpw. F¬j-

±m-bn-bpsS A¿∞-kq-NIw t]mse -Xs∂ ssZhw

k¿∆-i-‡\pw a\p-jys\ Icp-Xp-hm≥ aXn-bm-b-h-\p-

am-Wv.

A_m-an\p sXmÆq-s‰m-ºXp hb- m-b-t∏mƒ

btlmh A_m-an\p ]Xy-£-\mbn Ah-t\mSv:

Rm≥ k¿∆-i-‡n-bp≈ ssZhw BIp∂p; \o

Fs‚ apºmsI \S∂p \njvI-f-¶-\m-bn-cn°

(D-ev]. 17:1).

Rm≥ A_-lm-an\pw bnkvlm-°n\pw bmt°m-

_n\pw k¿∆-i-‡n-bp≈ ssZh-am-bn´p ]Xy-

£-\mbn; F∂m¬ btlmh F∂ \ma-Øn¬

Rm≥ Ah¿°p shfn-s∏- n-√ (]p-d. 6:3).

2. G¬ Fteym¨ (D-ev]. 14:18) A¿∞w AXyp-∂-

Xmb ssZhw. Cu hnti-jWw Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-I-fn¬

PmXn-b-tcm, PmXn-btcmSp _‘-s∏t´m BWv D]-tbm-

Kn-®n- p-≈-Xv. Bb-Xn-\m¬, k¿∆- q-an-sbbpw `cn-°p-

∂-h-\mbn Cu \ma-cq]w ssZhsØ NnXo-I-cn-°p-∂p.

F¬ FteymsW a¬°o-tk-sZ°v hnti-jn-∏n-°p-∂Xv

""kz¿§-Øn\pw `qan°pw \mY≥'' F∂mWv (D-ev].

14:19). ""AXyp-∂-X-\m-b-h≥ a\p-jy-cpsS cmP-Xz-Øn-

t∑¬ hmgp-Ibpw AXns\ X\n°p t_m[n-®-h\p

sImSp-°p-Ibpw'' sNøp-∂hs\∂v Zm\n-tb¬ ]Tn-∏n-

°p∂p (Zm-\n. 4:17). _m_n-tem-Wnse ZpjvS-\m-bn-cp∂

cmPmhpw ZpjvSm-flmhpw AXyp-∂-tXm-t\mSp ka-cm-

Ip-hm≥ BK-ln®p (sb-i. 14:14). G¬ Fteym¨

F∂ \ne-bn¬ ssZhw kI-e-Øn-s‚bpw k¿∆-a-\p-

jy-cp-sSbpw DS-a-ÿ-\m-Ip∂p.

imtemw cmPm-hmb a¬°n-tk-sZIv A∏hpw

ho™pw sIm≠p-h∂p; Ah≥ AXyp-∂-

X\mb ssZh-Øns‚ ]ptcm-ln-X-\m-bn-cp-∂p.

Ah≥ Ahs\ A\p-K-ln-®p. kz¿§Øn\pw

`qan°pw \mY-\mbn AXyp-∂-Xmb ssZh-

5 Ibid., 2:907

4 ( -ImWpI, Harris, Aercher, Waltake, ed. TheologicalWordbook of the Testament, 2 vols, Chicago: Moody Press,1980), 1:44-45.


34

Øm¬ A_mw A\p-K-ln-°-s∏-Sp-am-dm-Is´;

\ns‚ iXp-°sf \ns‚ Iøn¬ Gev]n®

AXyp-∂-X-\mb ssZhw kvXpXn-°-s∏-Sp-am-dm-

Is´ F∂p ]d-™p. Ah\p A_mw kI-e-

Ønepw Zimwiw sImSpØp (D-ev]. 14:18˛20).

3. G¬ Hemw (D-ev]. 21:33)- a-e-bm-f-Øn¬, ""\nXy-\mb

ssZhw, A\m-Zn-bmb ssZhw'' Fs∂m-s°-bm-Wv.

ssZhw F∂pw D≠m-bn-cp-∂-h\pw A¥-an-√msX D≠m-

bn-cn-°p-∂-h-\p-amWv.

""....-\nXy ssZh-amb btlm-h-bpsS \ma-Øn¬

Ahn-sS-h®p Bcm-[\ Ign®p ....'' (D-ev]. 21:33).

4. G¬ Knt_v_m¿ (sb-i. 9:6), aiol-tbmSp _‘-

s∏-´mWv Cu hnti-jWw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

Ahn-Sp∂v hoc\mw ssZh-amW.v ]e- `m-h-ß-fnepw

thj-ß-fnepw bp≤w sNøp∂ [oc-∑msc kwt_m-

[\ sNøp∂ ]tbm-K-am-Wn-Xv. ain-l-bmb I¿Ømhv

ss[cy-hm\pw ]cm-I-a-im-en-bp-am-Wv.

B. btlmth

ssZhsØ kw_-‘n® G‰hpw s]mXp-hmb kwt_m-

[-\-bmWv btlmh. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ GI-tZiw 5,321

]mhiyw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. InwKv sPbnwkv

X¿÷n-a-bn¬ Ggp-]m-hiyw Jehovah 6 F∂p-]-tbm-

Kn-®n-cn-°p∂sXmgnsI Cw•o-jn¬ LORD (F√mw

henb A£-c-Øn-se∂p i≤n-°p-I) F∂mWv

hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂Xv. Ko°v ]Zw Ipdn-

tbmkv F∂m-Wv. Ftemlnw ssZhsØ kw_-‘n®

hnh-cWw \¬Ip-tºmƒ Ahn-SpsØ bYm¿∞ \ma-

amWv btlmh(YHWH).

1. AXym-Zcw, ImcWw ]pcm-X\ blq-Z-∑m¿ ssZh-

\maw D®-cn-°p-hm≥ `b-s∏- n-cp-∂p. XXv -e-ambn B

\ma-Øns‚ kzcm-£-c-ßƒ \jvS-s∏- p. Ya Ho WaiF∂v cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ YHWH F∂ hy⁄\m-£-

c-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ Adonai-sS kzcm-£-c-ßƒ tN¿Øp.

P¿Ω≥Im¿ Y sb J F∂mWv D®-cn-°p-∂-Xv, W s\

V bmbn-´p-amWv. Ah¿ apI-fn¬ tN¿Øn-cn-°p∂

k¶o¿Æ-]-Z -Øn\v J bpw V bpw tN¿Øv "JeHoVeh'F∂p hnfn-®p. F∂m¬ Cw•o-jp-Im¿ J sb

Y sb∂p]tbm-Kn-t°-≠-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. (DZm. hallelujah),F∂m¬ \pg-™p-I-b-dnb J bpw V bpw Ahcpw kzoI-

cn-®p. A]-Imcw AtZm-\m-bn-bpsS kzcm-£c anin-

Xhpw P¿Ω≥Im-cs‚ W \p]-Icw V bpw Ybv°p

th≠n J bpsS ]tbm-Khpw Cw•o-jp-Im-cs‚ P¿Ω≥

IS-sa-Sp-∏p-sa√mw YHWH ˛ ¬ ebn-®p-tN¿∂p.

^etam, F_m-b˛ P¿Ω≥ ˛ Cw•ojv ""k¶c''

]tbmKw ""Jehovah '' F_mb `mj-bn¬ J F∂

A£-c-ta-bn√! hmkvX-h-Øn¬, ssZh-Øns‚ \maw

F]-Imcw kwt_m-[\ sNø-W-sa∂v \ap°v Adn-

bn-√. btlmh F∂ \maw \√ A\p-am-\-am-Wv.

ImcWw bmlv F∂ i_vZw ][m-\-s∏´ t]cp-

Iƒs°m∏w hcp∂p (D-Zm. sbi-øm-hv, bnsc-aymhv,

sbtlm-im- m-Øv, tbm\m-Ym≥, lt√-epøm etc).

2. bmYm-ÿn-XnI thZ-]-WvUn-X¿ ssZhnI \ma-

Øns‚ Dev]Øn hnh-c-WsØ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂n-√.

\mtam-ev]-Ønsb kw_-‘n® Nne-cpsS hmZw, ]tbm-

K-ep-]vX-amb Hcp F_mb ]tbm-K-Øm¬ (HWH)

Qal As√-¶n¬ Hiphil Inbm-cq-]-ßƒ YHWH Bbn-

Xo¿∂-Xm-I-Ww. CXn¬ Aev]w hmkvX-h-ap-≠v,

tamsi ssZh-Øns‚ t]cp tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ e`n® adp-

]-Sn, ""Rm≥ BIp-∂-h≥ Rm≥ BIp∂p'' (]p-d. 3:

14˛15) ""Rm≥ BIp∂p'' F∂-cp-fn-sN-bvXv InkvXp

kzbw ssZhXzw shfn-s∏-SpØn (tbm-l. 8:58; shfn.

1:8 ImWp-I). ssZh-Øns‚ kzmbm-kvXn-Iyhpw kI-

e-Øns‚ timX- p-ambn shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ ssZh-

\m-asØ YHWH D®-cn-°p-hm≥ D]-tbm-Kn-®-Xm-Imw.

3. AXns‚ ]tXyI ]tbm-K-coXn \nco-£n-®n v ""DS-

º-Sn-I-fpsS ssZh-ambn'' ssZhsØ NnXo-I-cn-°p-hm≥

YHWH hcp-∂-Xmbn Nne¿ \ymb-hmZw D∂-bn-®n- p-≠v.

]]-©-Øns‚ kjvSm-hmbn amXw \ne-sIm-≈msX

Nne hy‡n-I-fp-ambn ]tXyIw _‘-ß-fn-te¿s∏-

Sp∂ Hcp ssZh-ambn Ahn-Sp∂v hncmNn°p-∂p. apIƒ

kqNn-∏n® \mtam-ev]Øn icn-bm-sW-¶n¬ YHWH Hcp

kzmbm-kvXn-Iy-ap≈ hy‡n-sb-°p-dn-®mWv ]d-bp-∂Xv.

Ahn-SpsØ BkvXn-Iy-Øn\v Bcpw Imc-W-°m-c-√.

ssZh-Øns‚ \ne-\n-ev∏n\v H∂nepw Bcnepw Bi-

bn-°p-∂n-√.

4. YHWH - ¬ \n∂v a‰p Nne D]-\m-a-ßƒ D¤-hn-®n-

´p-≠v.

a. btlm-h ˛ sk_m-tbmØv (1 iaq. 17:45; k¶o. 24:

10; bmt°m-_v. 5:4) ""ssk\y-ß-fpsS btlmh''

F∂mWv CXn-s‚-b¿∞w. Ko°n¬ Ipdn-tbmkv

imt_m-Øv. ""ssk\y-ß-fpsS btlmh'' F∂v tami-

bpsS \ymb-]-am-W-Øn¬ ssZhsØ kwt_m-[\

sNbvXn-´n-s√∂ hkvXpX it≤-b-amWv, F∂m¬

]hm-N-I-∑m¿°v B \maw hfsc ]cn-Nn-X-am-Wv. 62

XhW sb»-øm-hn¬, 77 bnsc-aym-hn¬, 53 skJ-cym-

hn¬, 24 aem-Jn-bn¬˛ CsX√mw Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bm¬

GI-tZiw 285 ]mhiyw Cu ]tbmKw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-

´p-≠v. 7 ZqX- K-W-ß-fp-sSbpw am\p-jnI i‡n-I-fp-

7 Ibid., 2:750.6 Ibid., 1:210-11.


35

sSbpw ssk\m-[n-]-\mbpw Hcp bp≤-ho-c-\mbpw

""ssk\y-ß-fpsS btlmh'' F∂ kwt_m-[\bm¬

ssZhsØ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂p. ZpjvSmfl i‡n-I-tfm-

Sp≈ bp≤-Øn¬ Ahn-Sp∂v Hcn-°epw ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sn√.

ZmhoZv sên-kvXy-t\mSv ]d-™Xv: \o hmfpw

Ip¥hpw thep-ambn Fs‚ t\sc hcp∂p;

Rmt\m \o \nµn-®n- p≈ bnkm-tb¬ \nc-I-

fpsS ssZh-amb ssk\y-ß-fpsS btlm-h-

bpsS \ma-Øn¬ \ns‚ t\sc hcp∂p

(1 iaq. 17:45).

al-Xz-Øns‚ cmPmhv B¿? ssk\y-ß-fpsS

btlmh Xs∂; Ah-\m-Ip∂p al-Xz-Øns‚

cmPmhv (k-¶o. 24:10).

b. btlmh bnsc (D-ev]. 22:13- 14) ""ssZhw t\m°n-

s°m≈pw'' ssZhw Xs‚ P\sØ t]m‰n ]pe¿Øn

\ne-\n¿Øp-∂-h\pw kwc-£n-°p-∂-h-\p-amWv.

A_lmw B ÿe-Øn\p btlm-h˛ bnsc

F∂p t]cn- p... (D-ev]-Øn. 22:14).

c. btlm-h ˛ sdms^°m (]p-d. 15:26) A¿∞w

""kuJy-Zm-b-I-\mb btlmh'' btlm-h-bmb ssZhw

Bfln-Ihpw imcn-cn-I-hp-amb kuJy-Øns‚ timX-

mWv.

....-Rm≥ \ns∂ kuJy-am-°p∂ btlmh

BIp∂p F∂p Acp-fn-sNbvXp (]p-d. 15:26).

d. btlm-h ˛ \n n (]p-d. 17:15) hnh£, ""btlmh

Fs‚ sImSn'' ""ssk\y-ß-fpsS btlmh'' F∂ hnti-

j-W-hp-ambn CXn\p Hcp kmay Bi-b-ap≠v: btlmh

kwc-£n-°p∂p, Imh¬ sNøp-∂p, kz¥ -P-\-Øn-

\mbn t]mcm-Sp-∂p.

]ns∂ tamsi Hcp bmK-]oTw ]Wn-Xp, AXn\p

btlmh \n n (b-tlmh Fs‚ sImSn) F∂p

t]cn´p (]p-d. 17: 15).

e. btlm-h˛ imtemw (\ym-b. 6:24), ""btlmh \ΩpsS

kam-[m\w'' F∂¿∞w. btlm-h-bmb ssZhw \ΩpsS

Pohn-X-ß-fn¬ kam-[m\w \¬Ip-∂p. c£n-°-s∏-Sp-

tºmƒ ssZh-tØmSp kam-[m\w D≠m-Ip∂p (tdm-a.

5:1). InkvXob PohnX ]S-hp-I-fnepw Ahn-Sp∂p

\¬Ip∂ kam-[m\w lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ s]bvXn-d-ßp∂p

(^n-en. 4:7).

btlm-hbv°p Hcp bmK-]oTw ]WnXp AXn\p

btlmh imtemw F∂p t]cn´p(\ymb. 6:24).

f. btlm-h tdmbn (k-¶o. 23:1) ""btlmh Fs‚ CS-

b-\m-Ip∂p'' F∂ it≤-b-amb ]tbm-K-am-Wn-Xn-

\¿∞w. btlmh \ΩpsS hgn-Im-ń, kw-c-£-I≥,

ZmXmhv Fs∂ms° hnh-£n-°mw.

btlmh Fs‚ CS-b-\m-Ip∂p... (k-¶o. 23:1).

g. btlm-h ˛ SvknZvs°\q (bn-sc. 23: 6) ""btlmh

\ΩpsS \oXn'' \mw ssZh-Øn¬ Bi-bn-°p-tºmƒ

]pX\mw ssZhw \ΩpsS \oXn Bbn-Øo-cp∂p

(2 sImcn. 5:21).

....-A-h\p btlmh \ΩpsS \oXn F∂p t]¿

]d-bpw... (bnsc. 23:6).

C. AtUm-\mbv

]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse btlmh (YHWH- LORD)F∂

hnti-j-W-Øns‚ hnh¿Ø-\-am-Wn-Xv. ‘Lord’ F∂

]ZamWv AtZm-\mbv F∂v ]cn- m-j-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏- -Xv.

kmt¶-Xn-I-ambn, AtUm-\mbv Hcp \ma-a-√. ""bP-am-

\≥'' F∂ kwt_m-[-\-bpsS Hcp cq]-t -Z-am-Wv. am\p-

jnI bP-am-\-∑m¿ As√-¶n¬ ssZhnI bP-am-\≥

F∂o \ne-I-fn¬ Cu ]tbmKw D]-tbm-Kn-°mw. GI-

tZiw 300 ]mhiyw Cu hnti-jWw ImWp-∂p. CXv,

ssZhw \ΩpsS Pohn-X-Øns‚ kºq¿Æ-amb A[n-

Imcn F∂v ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p.

VI. ssZh-Øns‚ kz`mh khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ

ssZh-Øns‚ hyXy-kvX-amb hy‡nXz khn-ti-j-X-

Iƒ, \nXy-am-bXpw AXy-¥m-t]-£n-X-hp-amb KpW-

ß-fp-amWv ssZhnI kz`mh khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ. Cu

kz`m-h-Kp-W-ßsf c≠mbn Xncn-°p-tºmƒ IqSp-X¬

t_m≤y-s∏Spw: kmcmwi kz`m-h-ßƒ, kZm-Nmc

([m¿Ωn-I) kz`m-h-ßƒ. F√m kz`mh khn-ti-j-X-

I-sfbpw c≠p ]ń-I-bn-em-°m-hp∂ km[y-amb

as‰mcp XcwXn-cnhv, ""A]cntabw'' ""\∑''. aq∂m-a-

Xmbn, ]¶psh°m-\m-h-ØXpw (a-\p-jy¿°v Hcn-°-epw

]¶p-tN-cm-\m-hmØ kz`mh khn-ti-j--X-Iƒ) ]¶p-h-

bv°m-\m-Ip-∂-Xp-amb (c-£n-°-s∏- -hcpambn ]¶p-h-

bv°m-hp∂ kz`mh khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ) kz`mh khn-

ti-j-X-Iƒ F∂v c≠mbn hn`m-Kn-°mw.

A. ssZh-Øns‚ kmcmwi kz`mh khnti-j-X-Iƒ

1. ssZhw Bflm-hm-Ip∂p

XmXv°m-en-I-ambn btlm-h-bpsS ZqX-s‚bpw Ft∂-

°p-ambn InkvXp-hn-s‚bpw ico-cnI cq]-ß-fn¬ A\p-

am-\n-°m-sa-¶nepw ssZhw Hcp ico-cnI cq]n-b-√. ssZh-

Øn\v Hcp icocw Bh-iy-ambn hcp-∂n-s√∂p amXa√

Ahn-SpsØ kmcmw-i-Øn\v Hcp ico-c-Øn-\p-≈n¬

HXp -ßp -hm -\p -am -hn -√. ssZh-Øns‚ BflnI

kmcmwiw Ahn-SpsØ AZr-iy-km-∂n-≤y-hp-ambn

_‘-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.


36

ssZhw Bflmhv BIp-∂p... (tbml. 4:24).

Ah≥ AZr-iy-\mb ssZh-Øns‚ ]Xn-a..

(sIm-sem. 1:15).

\nXy-cm-Pm-hmbn A£-b\pw AZr-iy-\p-amb

GI-ssZ-h-Øn-\p... (1 Xnsam. 1:17).

.....-a-\p-jy¿ Bcpw ImWm-Ø-h\pw Im◊m≥

Ign-bm-Ø-h-\p-am-b-h≥... (1 Xnsam. 6:16).

2. ssZhw \nXy-\m-Ip∂p

ssZhw Ime-Øn\v AXo-X-\m-Wv. Ahn-Sp-tØ°v Bcw-

`hpw Ah-km-\-hp-an-√. Ign™ \nXyX apX¬ hcp-

hm-\p≈ \nXy-X-tbmfw BZy¥w C√msX ssZhw

\ne-\n¬°p-∂p F∂p amX-a√ \nXy-X-sIm≠v hnh-

£n-°p-∂Xv, adn®v Ime-Øn\v AXo-X-\m-bn, am\p-

jnI am\-Z-WvU-ßƒ°-∏pdw, as‰mcp ]cn-am-W-Øn-

emWv ssZhw Bh-kn-°p-∂-sX-∂p≈ hkvXp-Xbpw

Cu kz`mh khn-ti-j-X-sIm≠v hni-Z-am-°p-∂p.

ssZh-Øn\v kIe Ncn-Xhpw `qX-Im-e-am-bn-´mWv

Bbn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. temI-ÿm-]\w apX¬ Adp-°-s∏´

Ip™mSv (sh-fn. 13:8); hnfn-®-hsc \oXn-I-cn®pw \oXo-

I-cn-®-hsc tXP- v°-cn-®p-an-cn-°p∂p (tdm-a. 8:30 se

`qX-Ime ]tbm-K-ßƒ i≤n-°p-I). kIe Ncn-Xhpw

ssZh-Øn\v h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-Øn-se-∂-t]m-se-bmWv

(]p-d. 3:14; tbml. 8:58). ka-b-cY NI-ß-fpsS Ne\w

\mw Hcp sXcp-hns‚ aqe-bn¬ \n∂mWv ho£n-°p-

∂-Xv. F∂m¬ ssZhw kI-e-Øn-\p-a-∏pdw kIe

Ime-L- -ßfpw `qX˛ h¿Ø-am\˛ `mhn-Ime hyXym-

k-an-√msX Htc- k-a-bØv ImWp∂p. \nXyX ssZh-

Øns‚ ""A]-cn-ta-b-amb'' kz`mh khn-ti-j-X-bm-sW-

¶nepw `mKn-I-ambn hnizm-kn-I-fp-ambn AXv ]¶p-h-

bv°p∂p (D-ev]. 21:33; ]pd. 3:14; Bh. 32:40; Ctøm_v

36:26; k¶o. 90:2; 93:2; 10:27; sbi. 9:6; 40:28; 41:4; 57:

15; aoJm. 5:2; tbml. 1:1; 2 ]sXm. 3:8; shfn. 1:4, 8;

10: 6; 15:7).

....\o A\m-Zn-bmbpw imiz-X-ambpw ssZhw

BIp∂p (k-¶o. 90:2).

\o tI´n- n-√tbm? btlmh \nXy-ssZhw; `qan-

bpsS Adp-Xn -Iƒ krjv -Sn -®-h≥ Xs∂...

(sb-i. 40:28).

D∂-X\pw Db¿∂n-cn-°p-∂-h\pw imiz-X-hm-

knbpw ]cn-ip-≤≥ F∂p \ma-ap-≈-h-\p-am-b-h≥

C]-Imcw Acp-fn-sN-øp-∂p... (sb-i. 57:15).

\nXy-cm-Pm-hmbn A£-b\pw AZr-iy-\pw...

(1 Xnsam. 1:17).

....-\otbm A\-\y≥; \ns‚ kwh-’-c-ßƒ Ah-

km-\n-°p-I-bn√ (F-_m. 1:12).

.....-C-cn-°p-∂-h\pw Ccp-∂-h\pw hcp-∂-h-\p-

ambn k¿∆-i-‡n-bp≈ ssZh-amb I¿Ømhv

Acp-fn-sN-øp∂p (sh-fn. 1:8).

3. ssZhw k¿∆-hym]nbmIp∂p

ka-b-tØmSv _‘-s∏´p amX-a√ ssZhw A]-cn-ta-

b-\mbncn°p-∂-Xv, ÿe-tØmSv _‘-s∏´pw Ahn-

Sp∂v A]-cn-ta-b-\m-Wv. ssZhw Ime-Øn\v AXo-X-

\m-Wv, Ahn-Sp∂v ÿe-Øn\pw AXo-X-\m-Wv. ssZhw

Hcp ÿeØp amXw HXp-ßn \n¬°p-∂-h-\-√. Ahn-

Sp-∂n-√mØ Hcp ÿe-hp-an-√. ka-bØpw ÿeØpw

Ahn -Sp∂v Ft∏mgpw k∂n-ln -X -\m -Wv, ka-

bsØ°mfpw ÿe-sØ-°mfpw D∂-X-\p-am-bn-cn-

°p∂p. F∂n-cp-∂mepw ssZh-Øns‚ ]tXy-I km∂n-

[y-ap≈ Nne ÿe-ßsf∏‰n thZ]p-kvXIw shfn-

s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p: kz¿§w (a-Øm. 6:9; sImsem. 3:1; F_m.

1:3; 12:2), kam-K-a\ IqSmcw (]p-d. 25:8; 40:34˛35), tZhm-

ebw (a-Øm. 23:25), sIcq-_p-Iƒ°p at≤y (k¶o.

80: 1), sbcp-ite-an¬ (a-Øm. 5:35), hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p-

≈n¬ (tbm-l. 14:16˛17, 23; tdma. 8:9˛10; 1 sImcn. 6:

19˛20), Xmgva-bp≈ht\m-sSm-∏hpw (bmt°m_v 4: 6˛8;

sbi. 57:15). ZpjvS-∑m¿, Al-¶m-cn-Iƒ F∂o Xc-

°m-cn¬ \n∂v ssZh-km-∂n[yw FSp-Øp-I-f-bp-sa∂pw

thZ-]p-kvXIw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p (sb-i. 59:1- 2; l_. 1:

13; 2 sX . 1:8,9; 1 ]sXm. 3:12). Kln-°p-hm≥ ]bm-

k-am-sW-¶nepw ssZh-Øns‚ s]mXp-hmb km∂n≤yw

F√m ÿe-ß-fnepw ]tXyI km∂n≤yw Nne ÿe-

ß-fnepw amX-ap-s≠∂ hkvXp-X-Iƒ XΩn¬ th¿Xn-

cn-®-dn-b-Ww. k¿∆ hym]-I-Xz-Øn\v sXfn-hmbn Nne

thZ- m-K-ßƒ: 1 cmPm. 8:27; 2 Zn\. 2:6; 6:18; k¶o. 139:

7; kZriyw. 15:3; sbi. 66:1; bnsc. 23:34; aØm. 18:20;

28:20; ]h. 17:27; F_m. 4:13; 13:5.

F∂m¬ ssZhw bYm¿∞-Øn¬ qan-bn¬ hkn-

°ptam? kz¿-Ønepw kz¿§m-[n-kz¿§-Ønepw

\o AS-ßp-I-bn-√t√m; ]ns∂ Rm≥ ]Wn-

Xn-cn-°p∂ Cu Be-b-Øn¬ AS-ßp-∂Xp

Fßs\? (1 cmPm. 8:21).

\ns‚ Bflm-hns\ Hfn®p Rm≥-F-hn-tS°p

t]mIpw? Xncp-k-∂n[n hn v Rm≥ Fhn-tS°v

HmSpw? Rm≥ kz¿§-Øn¬ Ib-dn-bm¬ \o

AhnsS D≠v; ]mXm-f-Øn¬ Fs‚-In-S° hncn-

®m¬ \o AhnsS D≠v (k-¶o. 139:7˛8).

btlm-h-bpsS IÆv F√m-Shpw D≠v; BIm-

Ø-h-scbpw \√-h-scbpw t\m°n-s°m-≠n-cn-

°p∂p (k-Zr. 15:3).


37

Rm≥ ImWm-sX-hÆw B¿s°-¶nepw ad-

bØp Hfn-∏m≥ Ign-bptam? F∂p btlm-h-

bpsS Acp-f-∏mSv; Rm≥ BIm-ihpw `qanbpw

\nd-™n-cn-°p-∂-h\√tbm F∂p btlm-h-

bpsS Acp-f-∏mSv (bn-sc. 23:24).

4. ssZhw am‰-an-√m-Ø-h≥ BIp∂p

ssZhw hyXy-kvX-amb ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ sNøp-hm≥

]m]vX\pw sNøp-∂-h\p-am-sW-¶nepw Ahn-SpsØ

kz`mh khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ°v Hcn-°epw hyXymkw hcp-

∂n-√. ssZhw ]cn-]q¿Æ-X-bn¬ A]-cn-ta-b-\m-Wv.

Ah≥ ]cn]q¿Æ\mbncn°p∂XpsIm≠v DØ-a-amb

Hcp kz`mh khn-ti-j-X-bn-te°v ssZh-Øn\v Bbn-

Øo-tc≠ Bh-iy-an-√, Ah≥ ]cn]q¿Æ\√mXmbn

Xocpsa∂Xn\m¬ tami-amb Imcy-ßƒ°p th≠n

Ahn-Sp-tØ°v kzbw am‰w hcp-Øp-hm-\m-hn-√.

ssZhnI hmKvZ-Ø-ß-fn-ep≈ Bi-b-hpw, Ahn-SpsØ

am\-Z-WvU-ßfpsS khn-ti-j-X-bp-ambn Cu kz`mh

khn-ti-jX _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p (a-emJn 3:6; bmt°m-

_v. 1:17; F_m. 1:12; 13:8).

btlm-h-bmb Rm≥ amdm-Ø-h≥; AXp-

sIm≠v bmt°m-_ns‚ ]pX-∑m-sc, \nßƒ

apSn™p t]mIm-Xn-cn-°p∂p (a-em-Jn. 3:6).

.....-\otbm A\-\y≥... (F-_m. 1:12).

tbip-InkvXp C∂-sebpw C∂pw Fs∂-

t∂°pw A\-\y≥ Xs∂ (F-_m. 13:8).

...-A-h\p hnIm-ctam KXn-t -Z-Øm-ep≈ BOm-

Z-\tam C√ (bm-t°m-_v. 1:17).

5. ssZhw k¿∆-⁄m\nbmIp∂p

ssZhw ⁄m\-Øn¬ A]-cn-ta-b-\mWv. _rl-Ømb

krjvSn (k-¶o. 147:4), arK-ßƒ (a-Øm.10:29), ]mXmfw

(Ctøm 26:6, k¶o. 139:8; kZriyw. 15:11), a\p-jys‚

Bbp v (C-tøm_v 14:5, k¶o. 139:16), inc- nse tcma-

ßƒ (a-Øm. 10:30) F∂n-h-sb-°p-dn-s®√mw ssZhw

ap∂sa Adn-bp-∂p. `mhn-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ kIe Imcy-

ßfpw (sb-i. 41:22; 42:9; 44:7; 46:10; ]hrØn. 2:23),

\mw a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn\p apsº \ΩpsS kIe Bh-

iy-ßfpw (a-Øm. 6:8, 32) ssZh-Øn-\dnbmw. `mhnsb

kw_-‘n® kIe Imcy-ßfpw Adn-bm-sa∂p

amXa√, `mhn-bn¬ kw -h- km-[y-X-bp≈ Imcy-ß-

sf-°p-dn®p t]mep-ap≈ Adnhv ssZh-Øns‚ k¿∆-

⁄-Øn¬ Dƒs∏- n-cn-°p-∂p(1 iap. 23:11˛12; 2 iap.

12:8; 2 cmPm. 13:19; k¶o. 81:14˛15; bnsc. 1:5; 38:17˛20;

sbsl. 3:5˛7; aØm. 11:21˛24). ssZh-Øn\v kIe cl-

ky-ßfpw \n\-hp-Ifpw A¥-tc-µn-b-ß-fpsS hyXn-N-

e-\-hp-sa√mw Adn-bmw (1 iaq. 16:7; 1 cmPm. 8:39; 2

Zn\. 16:9; Ctøm. 34:22; k¶o. 44:21; 139:1, 4, 23˛24;

kZriy. 16:2; bnsc. 11:20; 17:9˛10; 20:12; sbsl. 11:5;

eqt°m. 16:15; tdma. 8:27; 1 sImcn. 3:20). ssZh-Øns‚

k¿∆-⁄m-\sØ Dd-∏n-°p∂ At\I thZ- m-K-ß-

fp-≠v (k-¶o. 147:5; sbi. 40:13˛14, 28; tbml. 2:24;

16:30; 21:17; tdma. 11:33˛34; 1 tbml 3:20).

\ΩpsS I¿Ømhv hen-b-h\pw i‡n-tb-dn-

h\pw BIp-∂p. Ahs‚ hnth-I-Øn\p A¥-

an√ (k-¶o. 147:5).

....-A-hs‚ _p≤n A]-ta-b-asX (sb-i. 40:28).

... -I¿Øm-sh, \o kI-ehpw Adn-bp∂p

(tbm-l. 21:17).

lm ssZh-Øns‚ [\w, ⁄m\w, Adnhv

F∂n-h-bpsS Bgta! Ahs‚ \ymb-hn-[n-Iƒ

FX A]-ta-bhpw Ahs‚ hgn-Iƒ FX

AtKm-N-chpw BIp∂p (tdm-a. 11:33).

....-F√mw Adn-bp-∂-h\pw F∂p \ΩpsS lrZ-

bsØ Ahs‚ k∂n-[n -bn¬ Dd-∏n°mw

(1 tbml. 3:20).

6. ssZhw kzbm-kvXn-Iy-ap-≈-h≥ BIp∂p

""kzbw`q'' F∂v Nne¿ Cu Ah-ÿsb hnfn-°p-∂p.

ssZhw kzbw- ]cym]vX-\m-Wv. Ahn-SpsØ \ne-\n-

ev∏n\v as‰mcp AkvXn-Xz-Øn¬ Hcn-°epw Bi-bn-

®n- n-√. Ahn-Sp∂v Imc-W-an-√mØ B≤y-Im-c-W-\m-

Wv. Ahn-SpsØ ]cym-]vX-X-bn¬ Ahn-Sp∂v A]-cn-

ta-b-\m-Wv.

]nXm-hn\p X∂n-¬Øs∂ Poh-\p-f-f-Xp-t]m-

se... (tbml. 5: 26)

. . . -Rm≥ BIp-∂-h≥ Rm≥ BIp∂p

(]p-d. 3:14 (tbm-l. 8:58 ImWpI).

kI-ehpw Ah-\n¬ \n∂pw Ah-\mepw Ah-

¶-te°pw BIp-∂p-ht√m.... (tdm-a. 11:36).

....-k¿∆-kr-jvSn°pw BZy-Pm-X\pw BIp-∂p...

(sIm-sem. 1:15).

7. ssZhw k¿∆-i-‡≥ BIp∂p

ssZhw Xs‚ i‡n-bn¬ A]-cn-ta-b-\m-Wv. Ahn-SsØ

kz`m-h-Øn\p hncp-≤-ambn Ahn-Sp∂v H∂pw ]h¿Øn-

°p-I-bn-s√∂ hkvXp-Xbpw CXn-\m¬ hy‡-am-Wv.

ssZh-Øn\p Xs‚ kz`mhw XyPn-°p-hm-\m-hn√

(2 Xnsam. 2:13), hymPw kwkm-cn-°p-I-bn√ (kwJy

23:19; 1 iap. 15:29; XosØm. 1:1; F_m. 6:18), tZmj-


38

ß-fm¬ ]co-£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂n√ (bm-t°m. 1:13), KXn-t -

Z-Øm-ep≈ BOm-Z-\-an√ (bm-t°m. 1:17), ]m]sØ

kln-°m-\m-hn√ (F-_m. 1:13). CXn¬ \n∂v DØ-c-

a¿ln-°mØ Nne ck-I-c-amb tNmZy-ßƒ Db¿∂p-

h-∂n- p-≠v. ssZh-Øn\v Hcp sNdnb s]´n-°p-≈n¬

HXp-ßp-hm≥ Ign-bptam? Ahn-Sp-tØ°v s]m°p-hm≥

I-gn-bmØ Hcp ]md krjvSn-°m\m-hptam? ssZhn-I

\ma-ßƒ ]T-\ -hn-t[-b-am-°p-tºmƒ ssZh-Øns‚

k¿∆-i-‡nsb sXfn-bn-°p∂ Nne thZ-`m-K-ßƒ

e`n°pw (D-ev]. 17:1; 18:14; ]pd. 6:3; Ctøm. 42:2; k¶o.

62:11; sbi. 9:6; 26:4; bnsc. 32:17, 27; aØm. 19:26; 28:

18; eqt°m. 1:37; 18:27; Fs^. 3:20; shfn. 1:8; 4:8, 11;

16: 14; 17:14; 19:15˛16).

""btlm-h-bn¬ Ign-bmØ Imcyw Dt≠m?

(D-ev]. 18:14).

... -\n -\°p Akm-≤y-am-bXp H∂p-an -√...

(bn-sc. 32:17).

...-F-\n°p Ign-bmØ h√ Imcyhpw Dt≠m?

(bn-sc. 32:27).

AXp a\p-jy¿°pw Akm≤yw F¶nepw ssZh-

Øn\p kI-ehpw km≤yw F∂p ]d™p

(a-Øm. 19:26).

ssZh-Øn\p Hcp Imcyhpw Akm-≤y-a-√-

t√m.... (eq-t°m. 1:37).

F∂m¬ \mw tNmZn-°p-∂-Xnepw \n\-°p-∂-

Xnepw AXy¥w ]c-ambn sNbvhm≥ \Ωn¬

hym]-cn-°p∂ i‡n-bm¬ Ign-bp-∂-h\p....

(F-s^. 3:20).

.... k¿∆-i-‡n-bp≈ I¿Øm-hmb ssZhw ]cn-

ip-≤≥, ]cn-ip-≤≥, ]cn-ip-≤≥ F∂p Ah¿

cm∏-I¬ hniaw IqSmsX ]d-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-

°p∂p (sh-fn. 4:8).

...-l-t√-epøm! k¿∆-i-‡n-bp-≈ \ΩpsS ssZh-

amb I¿Ømhv cmPXzw G‰n -cn -°p∂p

(sh-fn. 19:6)

....-k¿∆-i-‡n-bp≈ ssZh-Øns‚ tIm]hpw

tIm[-hp-amb aZy-Øns‚ N°p Ah≥ sa-Xn-

°p-∂p. cmPm-[n-cm-Pmhpw I¿Øm-[n-I¿Øm

hpw F∂ \maw Ahs‚ DSp-∏n-t∑epw Fgp-Xn-

bn-cn-°p∂p (sh-fn. 19:15,16).

8. ssZhw GI-Xz-ap-≈-h≥

(""ssZ-h-Øns‚ GI-Xzhpw Xntb-I-Xzhpw'' ImWpI)

B. ssZh-Øns‚ kZm-Nmc kz`mh khnti-j-X-Iƒ

1. ssZhw ]cn-ip-≤≥ BIp∂p

ssZhw Xs‚ krjvSn-I-fn¬ \ns∂√mw hyXy-kvX\pw

AXn-ti-jvT\pw hnin-jvS-\p-am-sW∂v Cu kz`mhw

hy‡-am-°p-∂p. Ahn-Sp∂p kIe ]m]-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw

Aip-≤n-bn¬ \n∂pw kºq¿Æ-ambn th¿s]-´n-cn-

°p∂p F∂pw ]cn-ip≤n A¿∞-am-°p-∂p. ""h√- Xz

]cn-ip-≤n,'' ""[m¿ΩnI ]cn-ip≤n'' F∂o c≠p-hn-[-

Øn¬ Cu KpWsØ ssZh-im-X-⁄-∑m¿ Xcw-Xn-cn-

°m-dp-≠v. h√- Xz ]cn-ip-≤n-sb-∂m¬ ssZhw Xs‚

krjvSn-I-fn¬ \n∂v hyXy-kvX\pw AXyp-∂-X\pw

BIp-∂p. [m¿ΩnI ]cn-ip-≤n-sb-∂m¬ kIe ]m]-

ß-fn¬ \n∂pw kºq¿Wambn th¿s]- n-cn-°p-∂p. ]cn-

ip≤n F∂ ]Zw GI-tZiw 699 XhW ]g-b-\n-b-a-

Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p, AXn¬ 111 ]mh-iy-

tØmfw ssZhnI kz`m-h-tØmSp _‘-s∏-´-Xm-Wv.

]pXn-b- \n-b-a-Øn¬ GI-tZiw 230 ]mhiyw Cu

]tbmKw ImWp-∂p(G-I-tZiw 94 ]mhiyw ]cn-ip-

≤m-flm-hn-t\mSpw, 6 ]mhiyw ]nXm-hn-t\m-Spw, 3 XhW

]pXt\m-Sp-ap-ff _‘-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p).

Nne-t∏mƒ ssZhnI ]cn-ip-≤nsb kqNn-∏n-°p-s∂-

¶nepw ]cn-ip≤n F∂ ]tbm-K-an -√, F∂m¬

]pX\mw ssZhw ""]m]w C√m-Ø-h≥'' F∂ kXyw

Dd-∏n-°p∂p (]pd. 15:11; tehy. 11:44; 19:2; 20:26; 21:8;

tbmip. 24:19; 1 iap. 2:2; 6:20; Ctøm. 6:10; k¶o. 22:3;

30:4; 47:8; 60:6; 89:35; 92:15; 97:12; 99:3, 5, 9; 145:17;

sbi. 5:16; 6:3; 43:14; 47:4; 49:7; 57:15; sbl. 39:7;

tlmti. 11:9; l_. 1:12- 13; eqt°m. 1:49; tbml. 17:11;

F_m. 12:10; 1 ]sXm.1:15- 16; shfn. 4:8; 15:4; a¿s°m.

1:24; eqs°m. 4:34; tbml. 6:69; 8:46; 2 sImcn. 5:21;

F_m. 4:15; 1 ]sXm. 2:22).

.....-hn-ip-≤n-bn¬ aln-a-bp-f-f-hs\, kvXpXn-I-

fn¬ b-¶-c-s\, A¤p-X-ßsf ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-

hs\, \n\°p Xpey≥ B¿? (]p-d. 15:11).

Rm≥ hnip-≤-\m-I-bm¬ \nßƒ \nß-sf-

Xs∂ hnip-≤o-I-cn®p hnip-≤-∑m-cm-bn-cn-t°Ww

(te-hy. 11:44).

Hcp -Ø-t\mSv Hcp -Ø≥: ssk\y-ß-fpsS

btlmh ]cn-ip-≤≥, ]cn-ip-≤≥ ]cn-ip-≤≥;

k¿∆- `q-anbpw Ahs‚ alXzw sIm≠p \nd-

™n-cn -°p∂p F∂p B¿Øp ]d™p

(sb-i. 6:3).


39

D∂-X\pw Db¿∂n-cn-°p-∂-h\pw izmi-X -

hmknbpw ]cn-ip-≤≥ F∂ \ma-ap-≈-h-\p-am-

b-h≥ C]-Imcw Acp -fn -sN-øp -∂p. . .

(sbi. 57:15).

Fs‚ ssZhamb btlm-th, \o ]pcm-X-\ta

Fs‚ ]cn-ip-≤-\-√tbm? tZmjwIqSmsXhÆw

\n¿Ωe ZrjvSnbp≈h\pw ]oV\w Im¨am≥

IgnbmØh\pambp≈th (-l-_. 1:12˛13).

Ah≥ \ne-hn-fn®p: \k-dm-b-\mb tbip-sh,

Rßƒ°pw \n\°pw XΩn¬ F¥v? Rßsf

\in-∏n-∏m≥ h∂pthm? \o B¿ F∂p Rm≥

Adn-bp∂p: ssZh-Øns‚ ]cn-ip-≤≥ Xs∂

F∂p ]d™p (a¿t°m. 1:24).

...-]-cn-ip≤ ]nXm-th, Ah¿ \sΩ-t∏mse H∂m-

tI-≠-Xn\v \o F\n°p X∂n-cn-°p∂ \ns‚

\ma-Øn¬ Ahsc ImØp-sIm-t≈-Wsa

(tbm-l. 17:11).

Ah≥ ]m]w sNbvXn- n√; Ahs‚ hmbn¬

h©\ H∂pw D≠m-bn-cp-∂n√ (1 ]tXm. 2:22).

2. ssZhw kXy-hm≥

ssZhw kXy-am-Ip∂p F∂ hkvXpX Ipd-™Xv

aq∂p hnh-c-W-ßƒ \¬Ip-∂p. H∂v, ssZhw bYm¿∞

hkvXp-X-Isf amXw \¬Ip-∂p. c≠v, ""bYm¿∞

kvt\ln-X≥'' F∂ \ne-bn¬ ]q¿Æ-ambn hnizm-k-

tbm-Ky\pw Bi-bn-°p-hm≥ ]m]vX-\p-am-Wv. aq∂m-a-

Xm-bn, hymP -tZ-h-∑m-cn¬ \n∂v hyXy-kvX-\mbn Ahn-

Sp∂p kXy -ssZ-hhpw AXy¥w kXy k‘-X-bp-≈-

h\pw BIp-∂p. hkvXp-Xm-]-c-ambn ˛ [m¿Ωn-I-am-bn˛

AXn- u-Xn-I-ambn kXy-am-Ip∂p F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬

ssZhw kXy-am-Ip-∂p-sh∂v Hcp-h\v ]d-bp-hm-\m-Ipw.

Cu bmYm¿∞y-ßƒ sXfn-bn-°p∂ thZ-`m-K-ßƒ

hN\-Øn-ep-≠v.

a. -ssZhw hkvXp-Xm-]-c-ambn kXy-am-Ip∂p (]pd. 34:

6; tbml. 14:6, 17; 15:26; 16:13; 17:17; 1 tbml. 4:6). Cu

hmIy-ß-fn¬ XpS¿∂p≈ ]tbm-K-ßƒ Z¿in°pw;

""Rm≥ BIp∂p kXyw, \ns‚ hN\w kXy-am-Ip-

∂p, kXy-Øns‚ Bflm-hv''. ssZhw hkvXp-Xm-]-c-

ambn sX‰p hcp-Øp-∂n√. Ahn-Sp∂v Ft∏mgpw IrXy-

am-Wv. A_-≤-cm-ln-Xy\pw A]-am-ZnXyw D≈-h-\p-amWv.

b. -ssZhw [m¿Ωn-I-ambn kXy-am-Ip-∂p. ssZhw Bi-

b-tbm-Ky\pw hnizmk tbmKy-\p-am-Wv. Ahn-SpsØ

[m¿Ωn-I-]-c-amb kXy-kz- mhw ssZhnI hniz-kvX-

X-bpsS ]cymb ]Z-]-tbm-K-am-Wv. ssZhw Hcn-°epw

hymPw ]d-bp-Itbm \sΩ sX‰mbn \bn-°p-Itbm

sNøn-√. h-kvXp-Xm-]-c-ambn Ahn-Sp∂v IrXy-am-sW∂p

amX-a√ Xs‚hmKvZØßtfmSv ]cn-]q¿Æ -hn-iz-kvX-

\p-amWv (kw-Jy. 23:19; Bh. 32:4; 1 iaq. 15:29; 2 iap.

7:28; k¶o. 19:9; 25:10; 31:5; 33:4; 36:5; 57:3; 89:14; 111:7;

119:86, 142, 151; 138:2; sbi. 25:1; bnsc. 5:3; hnem. 3:23;

tdma. 1:25; 3:4; 1 sImcn. 1:9; 2 sImcn. 1:20; 1 sX . 5:

24; XosØm. 1:2; F_m. 6:18).

hymPw ]d-bp-hm≥ ssZhw a\p-jy -\√; A\p-

X-]n-∏m≥ Ah≥ a\p-jy-]p-X-\p-a√; Xm≥

Iev]n-®Xp sNøm-Xn-cn-°ptam? Xm≥ Acp-fn-sN-

bvXXp \nh¿Øn-°m-Xncn°ptam?(kw-Jy. 23:19).

bnkm-tb-ens‚ al-Xz-am-b-h≥ t`mjv°p

]d-bp-I-bn√; A\p-X-]n-∏m≥ Ah≥ a\p-jy-

\√ F∂p ]d™p (1 iaq. 15:29).

btlmth, \ns‚ Zb BIm-i-tØm-fhpw

\ns‚ hniz -kvXX taL-ß-tfm -fhpw

FØp∂p (k-¶o. 36:5).

AXp cmhn-se-tXmdpw ]pXn-bXpw \ns‚ hniz-

kvXX hen-bXpw BIp∂p (hn-em. 3:23).

.. . -ssZhw kXy-hm≥, kIe a\p-jycpw

t`mjv°p ]d-bp-∂-h¿ Ft∂ hcq (tdm-a. 3:4).

...-ssZhw hniz-kvX≥ (1 sImcn. 1:9).

\nßsf hnfn -°p -∂h≥ hniz -kvX≥

(1 sX . 5:24).

t`mjv°n-√mØ ssZhw ... (Xo-sØm. 1:2).

..... ssZh-Øn\p t`mjv°p ]d-hm≥ Ign-

bmØXpam-b... (F-_m. 6:18).

c. ssZhw A`u-an-I-ambn kXy-am-Ip-∂p. ssZh-sa∂v

Ah-Imi ]Jym-]\w \S-Øp∂ a‰p-≈-sX√mw hymP-

amWv.

btlm-htbm kXy-ssZ-hw... (bn-sc. 10:10).

GI-k-Xy-ssZ-h-amb \ns∂bpw \o Ab-®n-cn-

°p∂ tbip-In-kvXp-hn-s\bpw Adn-bp-∂Xp

Xt∂ \nXy-Po-h≥ BIp∂p (tbml. 17:3).

Poh-\p≈ kXy-ssZ-hsØ tkhn-∏m\pw

Ah≥ acn-®-h-cpsS CS-bn¬ \n∂p Dbn¿∏n®

]pX\pw hcp-hm-\p≈ tIm]-Øn¬\n∂p \sΩ

hnSp-hn-°p-∂-h-\p-amb tbip.. ( 1 sX . 1:9).

ssZh-]p-X≥ h∂p F∂pw kXy-ssZ-hsØ

Adn-hm≥ \ap°p hnthIw X∂p F∂pw \mw

Adn-bp∂p; \mw kXy-ssZ-h-Øn¬ Ahs‚

]pX-\mb tbip-In-kvXp-hn¬ Xs∂ BIp-∂p.


40

Ah≥ kXy-ssZ-hhpw \nXy-Po-h\pw BIp∂p

( 1 tbml. 5:20).

3. ssZhw \√h≥ BIp∂p

ssZhw \√-h≥ F∂ hkvXpX AkwJyw kz`mh

khn-ti-j-X-Isf shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p (Z-b, Zo¿L-£a,

Ir], kvt\-lw, IcpW, kuay-X, XmgvN, [m¿ΩnI

hnip≤n ]m]-cm-ln-Xy-Øn\pw [m¿ΩnI kXyw hniz-

kvX-Xbv°pw XØp-ey-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p). apIƒ ]d-™n-

cn-°p∂ Hmtcm kz`m-hhpw Hmtcm hyXykvX kz`mh

khn-ti-j-X-bmbn Xcw Xncn-°m-sa-¶nepw ssZhnI

\∑-bpsS BXy-¥nI hnti-j-X-I-fmbn Ahsb

ho£n-°p-∂-XmWv IqSp-X¬ bp-‡n-]-cw.

btlmh \√-h-\-t√m, Ahs‚ Zb -F-t∂-°p-

ap-≈Xv; Ahs‚ hniz-kvXX Xe-ap-d-X-e-ap-d-

bmbpw Ccn-°p∂p (k-¶o. 100:5).

btlmh F√m-h¿°pw \√-h≥; Xs‚ kIe

]hr-Øn-I-tfmSpw Ah\p IcpW tXm∂p∂p

(k-¶o. 145:9).

..... ssZhw Hcp-Ø≥ A√msX \√-h≥ Bcp-

an√ (a¿s°m. 10:18).

F√m \√ Zm\hpw XnI™ hcw Hs°bpw

Db-c-Øn¬ \n∂v shfn-®-ß-fpsS ]nXm-hn-¶¬

\n∂p Cdßn hcp∂p ( bmt°m. 1:17).

a. ssZhw Icp-W-bp-≈-h≥. tJZ-ßƒ aqew Fcn-bp∂

am\-k-ap-≈-h-tcmSpw \∑ ]I-Sn-∏n-°p∂ Hcp kz`m-

h-k-hn-ti-j-X-bmWv ssZhnI Icp-W. kl-Xm]w

As√-¶n¬ a\- -en-hn-t\mSv CXn\p kmZr-iy-ap≠v

(k¶o. 103:13; 116:5; sbi. 55:7; hnem. 3:22; aØm. 9:

13,36; eqs°m. 1:50; tdma. 11:32; 12:1; 15:9; 2 sImcn. 1:3˛

4; Fs^. 2:4; ^nen. 1:8; XosØm. 3:5; F_m. 2:17; 4:

16; bmt°m. 5:11; 1 ]sXm. 1:3).

A∏\p a°-tfmSp IcpW tXm∂p-∂-Xp-t]mse

btlm-hbv°p Xs‚ `‡-∑m-tcmSv IcpW

tXm∂p∂p (k-¶o. 103:13).

.... -A-hs‚ IcpW Xo¿∂p-t]m-bn-´n-√t√m

(hn-em. 3:22).

... -Ip-g-™-hcpw Nn∂n-b-h-cp-ambn I≠n´p

Ahsc°pdn®p a\- -en™p ... (a-Øm. 9:36).

ssZhw F√m-h-tcmSpw IcpW sNtø-≠-Xn\p

.. (tdm-a. 11:32).

Icp -Wm-k-º-∂-\mb ssZhtam \sΩ

kvt\ln® alm-kvt\lw \nan -Øw.. .

(F-s^. 2:4).

... Xs‚ Icp-W-]-Im-c-asX c£n-®Xp

(Xo-tØm. 3:5).

AXp-sIm≠v Icp-Wm-[n-Iy- ]-Imcw \sΩ

Poh-\p≈ ]Xym-i-bv°mbn ...( 1 ]tXm. 1:3).

b.- ssZhw Zo¿L-£-a-bp-≈-h≥ BIp∂p. in£m-tbm-

Ky-cm-bn-cn-°p-∂-h-tcmSv ImWn-°p∂ ssZhnI \∑-

bpsS ]I-S-\-amWv Zo¿L-£-a. in£bv°p hn[n-°-

s∏-Sp-∂-h-tcmSv £an-°p-∂-h-\mWv ssZhw(]p-d. 34:6;

kwJy. 14:8; s\l. 9:17; k¶o. 80:15; 103:8; 145:8; tbmsh.

2:13; tbm\. 4:2; \lqw. 1:3; tdma. 2:4; 3:25; 9:22; 1 Xnsam.

1:16; 2:4; 2 ]sXm. 3:9, 15).

.... btlm-h-bmb ssZhw Icp-Wbpw Ir]bpw

D≈-h≥; Zo¿L-£-abpw alm-Z-b-bhpw hniz-

kvX--X-bp-ap-≈-h≥ (]p-d. 34:6).

.... btlm-h-bmb ssZhw Icp-Wbpw Ir]bpw

D≈-h≥; Zo¿L-£-abpw alm-Z-b-bhpw hniz-

kvX--X-bp-ap-≈-h≥ (k¶o. 103:8).

... . -Zo¿L-£-abpw alm-i-‡n-bp-≈-h≥

(\-lqw. 1:3).

... \o Ahs‚ Zb, £a Zo¿L-im¥n F∂n-h-

bpsS sFizcyw \nc-kn-°p-∂pthm? (tdm-a. 2:4).

...-k-Ie Zo¿L-£-abpw H∂m-a-\mb F∂n¬

ImWn-t°-≠-Xn\p F\n-°p-I-cpW e`n®

( 1 Xn-sam. 1:16).

....-\n-ß-tfmSp Zo¿L-£a ImWn-°p-∂-tX-

bp≈q ( 2 ]sXm. 3:9).

c.- ssZhw Ir]-bp-≈-h≥. in£m-tbm-Ky-cm-b-h-tcmSv

ImWn-°p∂ ssZhnI \∑-bpsS ]I-S\w Xs∂-bmWv

ssZhnI- Ir-]-bpw. F∂n-cp-∂m-epw, Ir]bpw Zo¿L-

£-abpw XΩn¬ Hcp hyXym-k-ap-≠v. Zo¿L-£-a-bn¬

in£bv°p tbmKy\mb Hcp-hs\ ssZhw AXn¬

\n∂v hnSp-hn°p-∂p. F∂m¬ Ir]-bpsS ]Z¿i-\-

Øn¬ ssZhw in£-bn¬ \n∂v tamN\w \¬Ip-∂p-

sh-∂p amX-a -√, tIm]-Øn\p ]mXn -`q -X\pw

in£bv°p tbmKy-\p-amb hy‡n-tbmSp Ah-\p-th≠

hn[-Øn¬ A\n-tj-[m-fl-I-am-bn- Zb ImWn-°p-Ibpw

AXn\p ]cn-lmcw hcp-Øp-Ibpw sNøpw. ssZhnI

Ir]-sb-∂Xv A¿l-X-bn-√mØ D]-Im-chpw Aaq-ey-

amb Zb-bp-am-Wv (]pd: 34:6; tbml. 1:14, 17; tdma. 3:

24; 5:20; Fs^. 2:7˛9; XosØm. 2:11; 1 ]sXm. 5:10).

..-b-tlm-h, btlm-h-bmb ssZhw Icp-Wbpw

Ir]-bp-ap-≈-h≥ (]p-d. 34:6).

Ir]bpw kXyhpw \nd-™-h-\mbn \ΩpsS CS-

bn¬ ]m¿Øp. Rßƒ Ah≥ tXP v


41

8 The author is indebted to GerogePardington for these thoughts.(Geroge Pardington, Outline studies in Christian Doctrine(Harrisburg, PA: Christian publications, Inc., 1926) 80.

]nXmhn¬ \n∂p GI-Pm-X-\m-b-hs‚ tXP-

mbn I≠p. \ymb-]-amWw tamsi apJm-¥cw

e`n®p; Ir]bpw kXyhpw tbip-InkvXp

apJm¥cw h∂p ( tbml. 1:14,17).

...... Xs‚ Ir]-bpsS AXy-¥-[-\sØ hcpw

Ime-ß-fn¬ ImWn-t°-≠-Xn-\p.. (F-s^. 2:6).

.... -k¿∆ Ir]m-ep-hmb ssZhw Xs∂ bYm-

ÿm-\-s∏-SpØn Dd-∏n®p i‡nI-cn°pw

(1 ]sXm. 5:10).

d. ssZhw kvt\lamIp∂p. ssZhnI \∑-bpsS ]I-

S-\-amWv ssZh-kvt\-lw. hnetbm thX-\tam KWy-

am-°msX kvt\l-Øn\p ]mXn- `q-X-cm-Ip-∂-h¿°v

G‰hpw DØ-a-am-bXv sNbvXp -sIm-Sp-°p∂ ka¿∏-

W-am-Wn-Xv. ssZh-kvt\lw \nXy-am-bXpw XymK-

]chpw \ncp-]m-[n-I-hp-am-Wv.

kuay-Xbpw Zbbpw kvt\l-Øns‚ A[o-\-X-bn¬

hcp-∂-Xm-sW∂v ]dbmw (tbm-l. 3:16; 15:13; tdma. 5:

8; Kem. 2:20; 1 tbml. 3:1; 4:8˛10).

.... -ssZhw Ahs\ \evIp-hm≥ X°-hÆw

temIsØ kvt\ln®p (tbm-l. 3:16).

kvt\lnX-∑m¿°p-th≠n Pohs\ sImSp-°p-∂-

Xnepw A[n-I-ap≈ kvt\lw B¿°pw C√

(tbm-l. 15:13,14).

InkvXpthm \mw ]m]n-Iƒ Bbn-cn-°p-tºmƒ

Xs∂ \ap-°p-th≠n acn-°-bm¬ ssZhw

X\n°p \tΩm-Sp≈ kvt\lsØ ]Z¿in-∏n-

°p-∂p. (tdm-a. 5:8).

....-Fs∂ kvt\ln®p F\n-°p-th≠n Xs∂-

Øm≥ Gev]n-®p-sIm-Sp-Ø...... (K-em. 2:20).

...-ssZhw kvt\lw Xs∂(1 tbml. 4:8).

4. ssZhw \ymbhpw \oXn-bp-≈h≥ BIp∂p

ssZh-Øns‚ \oXnbpw ]cn-ip-≤nbpw Htc ]´n-I-bn-

em-°p-∂-h-cp-≠v, ]-tXy-In®v [m¿ΩnI hnip-≤n. F∂n-

cp-∂m-epw, F_m-b˛Ko°p mj-I-fn¬ \oXnsb°pdn-

°p∂ hm°p-Iƒ hnip-≤nsb°pdn-°p-∂-h-bn¬

\n∂pw hyXy-kvX-am-Wv. hnip-≤n-bn¬ \n∂v hyXy-kvX-

amWv \oXn. AXv ]h¿Ø-\-\n-c-X-am-Wv. ssZhw ]cn-

ip-≤-s\∂p ]d-™m¬ Ahn-Sp∂p ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p

th¿s]- -h-\m-Wv. ssZhw ]h¿Øn-°mØ Imcy-ß-

fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-emWv Ahn-Sp∂v ]cn-ip-≤-\m-bn-

cn-°p-∂Xv. ssZhw \oXn-am-s\∂p ]d-™m¬ Ahn-

Sp∂v \oXn-tbmsS ]h¿Øn-°-∂-h\pw Xs‚ krjvSn-

Iƒ Aßs\ sNøp-hm≥ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂-h-\p-amWv.

ssZh-Øns‚ AXn-ti-jvTX shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂,

A[nIw ]hr-Øn- ]-Y-Øn¬ sIm≠p-h-cp-hm≥ Bh-

iy-an-√mØ kz`mh khn-ti-j-X-bm-Wv ]cn-ip-≤n,

AXm-Ip∂p ssZhw. \oXn-sb-bmWv ""Im¿ΩnI

hnip≤n'' F∂p hnfn-°p-∂-Xv. ]cn-ip-≤-\mb ssZhw

Xs‚ krjvSn-Iƒ sNøp-hm≥ BK-ln-°p∂ Imcy-

ßƒ CXn¬ AS-ßn -bn -cn -°p∂p. ssZhØn

t\mSSpØncn°p∂p F∂-Xm-WnXv.8 ssZhnI \oXn

F∂-Xp-sIm-≠¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv Ahn-SpsØ krjvSn-

I-tfm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ hnip-≤n-bpsS

]I-S-\-am-Wv. ssZhw \oXn-am-\m-sW∂v GI-tZiw 112

XhW- ]-g-b-\n-b-a-Ønepw 44 XhW ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-

Ønepw hnfn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p (B-h. 10:17; 32:4; Ctøm.

37:23; k¶o. 19:9; 33:5; 89:14; 92:15; 96:13; 103:6; 111:7;

bnsc. 9:23˛24; tbml. 17:25; ]hr. 3:14; 17:31; tdma. 3:

26; 1 sX . 1:5˛9; 1 tbml. 2:1).

...-A-hs‚ hgn-Iƒ Hs°bpw \ymbw; Ah≥

hniz-kvX-X-bp≈ ssZhw, hymP-an-√m-Ø-h≥

\oXnbpw t\cp-ap-≈-h≥ Xs∂ (B-h. 32:4).

Ah≥ \oXnbpw \ymbhpw CjvS-s∏-Sp∂p

(k-¶o. 33:5).

....-A-h-\n¬ \oXn-tI-Sn√ F∂p ImWn-t°-≠-

Xn\p Xs∂ (k-¶o. 92:15).

btlm-h-bmb Rm≥ `qan -bn¬ Zbbpw

\ymbhpw \oXnbpw ]h¿Øn-°p -∂p

(bn-sc. 9:24).

\oXn-bp≈ ]nXm-th....(-tbm-l. 17:25).

]cn-ip-≤\pw \oXn-am-\p-am-b-hs\ \nßƒ

X≈n-∏-d™p....(-]-hr-Øn. 3:14).

.....\oXn-am-\mb tbip-InkvXp F∂ Imcy-

ÿ≥ \ap-°p ]nXm-hns‚ ASp-°¬ D≠v

( 1 tbml. 2:1).

5. ssZhw _p≤n-am≥ BIp∂p

ssZhnI _p≤n ssZh-Øns‚ k¿∆-⁄m-\-Øn¬

\n∂p hyXy-kvX-am-Wv. Hcp ""A]-cn -ta-b-amb

Iºyq´dn'' s\°mƒ AXn-ti-jvT-\mb ssZhw. Ahn-

Sp-tØ°v kI-eXpw Adn-bmw, F∂m¬ Hcp DØ-a-

amb am¿§w Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-hm\pw ssZh-Øn\v

Adnbmw.

ssZhw Xs‚ k¿∆-⁄m\w Ahn-SpsØ _p≤n-bn-

eqsS ]I-S-am°n Cu alm ]-]-©-Øns‚ kpK-a-


42

amb \nb-¥Ww \S-Øp∂p (k-¶o. 19:7; kZr. 1:7; 8:

22, 27; tdma. 16:27; 1 sImcn. 1:24, 30).

....-Xs‚ ]hr-Øn-I-fpsS BZy-ambn Fs∂

(⁄m-\w) Df-hm-°n.... Ah≥ BIm-isØ

Dd-∏n-®-t∏mƒ Rm≥ (⁄m-\w) D≠m-bn-cp∂p

(k-Zr. 8:22, 27).

. . . . .Ah≥ \ap°p ssZh-Øn-¶¬ \n∂p

⁄m\hpw ... (1 sImcn. 1:30).

6. ssZhw [\y≥ BIp∂p

ssZh-Øns‚ B¥-cnI kz`m-h-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-

Øn¬, [\y≥ F∂-Xns‚ A¿∞w, ssZhw ]cn-

]q¿Æ-ambpw \nXy-ambpw X∂n¬ Xs∂ kwXr-]vX-

\m-Wv. Ahn-SpsØ kºq¿Æ-X-b¬ ssZhw B\-µ-

Nn-Ø\pw aXn-bm-b-h-\p-am-Wv. CXns\ Hcp kz`mh

khn-ti-j-X-bmbn ho£n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂-XmWv DØaw.

adn®v ssZhnI kz`mh khn-ti-j-I-fpsS ]cn-]q¿Æ-

X-bm¬ Ahn-Sp∂p B¥-cn-I-ambn [\y-\m-Wv. am\p-

jnI kt¥mjw ssZhnI hy‡n-Xz-Øn-emWv ASn

Dd-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. \Ωp-sS -ssZ-hw, hy‡n-Xz-Ønepw

]h¿Øn-bnepw ]cn]q¿Æ-\pw, Pohn-X-Øn¬ \ΩpsS

kwXr-]vXnbpsS tkmX pw B\-µ-tl-Xp-hp-am-Ip-∂p.

Ahn-SpsØ kz`mh KpW-ßƒ ]cn-]q¿Æ-Xbv°p

Xpey-am-cn-°p-∂p. Cu ]cn-]q¿ÆX ssZhsØ B¥-

cn-I-ambn ""[\y-\m-°p∂p''

....-[-\y-\mb ssZh-Øns‚ al-Xz-ap≈ kphn-

ti-j-Øn\p A\p -km-c -am -bXp Xs∂''

(1 Xnsam. 1:11).

[\y-\mb GIm-[n-]-Xnbpw cmPm-[n-cmPmhpw

I¿Øm-[n-I¿Øm-hpw... (1 Xnsam. 6:15).

7. ssZhw al-Xz-hm\mIp∂p

]pdsa alXzhm\pw B¥coIambn [\yXbpw

ssZhØns‚ ]q¿ÆXbpsS BsIbp≈ ^eamWv.

hmkvX-h-Øn¬, al-Xzw ssZh-Øns‚ Hcp kz`m-h-

k-hn-ti-j-X-b-√. ssZhw Xs‚ F√m kz`m-h-Kp-W-

ß-fnepw al-Xz-[m-cn-bm-Wv. a\p-jy≥ ssZh-Øns‚

alXzw a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw Ahn-SpsØ al-Xz-s∏-tS-

≠-Xp-am-Wv. (k-¶o. 24:7˛10; 96:3; 138:5; sbi. 6:3; 42:8;

aØm. 25:31; tbml. 1:14; 17:5; tdma. 3:23; Fs^. 1:17;

F_m. 1:3; bmt°m-_v. 2:1).

Rm≥ Fs‚ alXzw as‰m-cp-Ø\pw Fs‚

kvXpXn hnK-l-ßƒ°pw hn´p-sIm-Sp-°p-I-bn√

(sb-i. 42:8).

....-R-ßƒ Ahs‚ tXP v ]nXm-hn¬ \n∂p

GI-Pm -X -\m -b -hs‚ tXP- mbn I≠p

(tbml. 1:14).

... -a-l-Xz-ap≈ ]nXm-hp-am-b-h≥ \nßƒ°p

Xs∂-°p -dn -®p≈ ]cn -⁄m-\-Øn¬ .. .

(-F-s^. 1:17).

Ah≥ Ahs‚ ( ]nXm-hn-s‚) tXP- ns‚

]`....... (F-_m. 1:3).

ktlm-Z-c-∑m-sc, tXP- p-≈-h-\mbn \ΩpsS

I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-kvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂

\nßƒ apJ-]£w ImWn-°-cpXv (bm-t°m. 2:1).


43

A≤ymbw 3

Fbv©temfPnZqX-∑msc∏‰nbp≈ D]-tZiw

cq]tcJI. ZqX-∑m-cpsS AkvXnXzw

II. ZqX-∑m-cpsS D¤hw

A. kI-ehpw ssZh-Øns‚ krjvSn

B. ssZh-Øns‚ krjvSn-I¿Ω-Øn¬

ZqX-∑msc kw_‘n® kqN\

C. ZqX-∑mcpsS krjvSn-k-abw

D. ZqX-∑m¿ ZqX-∑m-cm-bn- Xs∂

krjvSn-°s∏-´-h¿

E. ZqX-∑m-cpsS FÆw

1. BImi ssk\yw

2. ZqX-∑m-cpsS k¿∆-kwLw

3. InkvXp-hns‚ 12 seKntbm≥ ZqX-∑m¿

F. ZqX∑mcpsS krjvSnbpsS e£yw

G. ZqX∑mcpw ]m]hpw

H. ZqX∑mcpsS ]cnanXnIƒ

III. ZqX-∑mcpsS ]IrXn

A. ZqX-∑m-cpsS hy‡nXzw

B. ZqX-∑m-cpsS hnip≤n

C. ZqX-∑m-cpsS i‡n

1. a\p-jy-tcm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬

2. ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬

D. ZqX-∑mcpw imco-cnI A-hÿbpw

E. ZqX-∑mcpsS Aa¿Xy-Xbpw enwK-t -Zhpw

IV. ZqX-∑m-cpsS ]Xy-£-X-Iƒ

A. `qan-bn¬

B. A`u-an-I-X-e-ß-fn¬

1. kmdm- p-Iƒ

2. sIcq-_p-Iƒ

3. Pohn-Iƒ

4. shfn. 10: 1˛3 se ZqX≥

V. ZqX-∑m-cpsS \ma-ßfpw th¿Xn-cnhp-Ifpw

A. s]mXp-\m-a-ßƒ

B. ]tXyI \ma-ßfpw th¿Xn-cn-hp-Ifpw

1. sIcq-_p-Iƒ

2. kmdm- p-Iƒ

3. aoJm-tb¬

4. K_n-tb¬

VI. ZqX-∑m-cpsS hmk-ÿew

VII. ZqX∑mcpsS ipiq-j-Iƒ

A. `qX-Ime ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ

B. h¿Ø-am-\-Ime ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ

1. hnizm-kn-I-fpsS kwc-£-I¿

2. ]m¿∞-\-bv°p-Øcw \¬Iphm≥

klm-bn-°p∂p

3. Bflm-°sf kz¿§-Øn-te-°m-\-bn-°p-∂-h¿

4. `uanI `c-W-Ønse Dƒs∏-S¬

C. `mhn ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ

Fbv©temfPn:

ZqX-∑msc∏‰nbp≈D]-tZiw

I. ZqX-∑m-cpsS AkvXnXzw

ZqX-∑m¿ Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-I-fnse ][m\ IYm-]m-X-ß-

f-√, F∂m¬, thZ-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬ \n∂v Ahsc am‰n

\n¿Øn-bm¬ ][m-\-s∏´ At\I thZ-]p-kvXI mK-

ßƒ AS¿Øn amt‰≠n hcpw. (D-Zm. InkvXp-hns‚

P\-\w, ]co-£-Ww, K’-a\ tXm´-Ønse acW

thZ\, Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev∏v, kz¿§m-tcm-l-Ww). Adp-

]-Ømdp ]pkvX-I-ß-fn¬ ap∏-Øn-\menepw ZqX-∑m-

sc-°p-dn®pw sIcq-_p-I-sf-°p-dn®pw kqN-I-ßƒ D≠v

(]-gb ]pXnb \nb-a-ß-fn¬ ]Xn-t\-gp-ho-Xw). ZqX≥

F∂-Xns‚ F_mb ]Z-amWv aem-Jv. CXv ""Fs‚

ZqX≥'' F∂¿∞-ap≈ aem-Jn-bp-ambn _‘-s∏- n-cn-

°p-∂p. Ipd-™-]£w 108 ]mhiyw ZqX-∑m-tcmSp

_‘-s∏´ kqN-\-Iƒ ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn-ep-s≠∂v

sNbv^¿ IW-°m-°p-∂p.1 AMvsK-semkv BWv

1 Lewis Sperry Chafer, Systematic Theology, Vol. 2(Dallas: Dallas Seminary Press, 1947) 3. Ct±-l-Øns‚

44

ZqX\p-]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ Ko°v ]Zw. ]pXnb \nb-a-

Øn¬ GI-tZiw 165 ]mhiyw ZqX-kw-_-‘-amb

kqN-\-Iƒ -D-≠v.2 I¿Øm-hmb tbip InkvXp ZqX-

∑m-cpsS AkvXn-XzsØ kw_-‘n®v hy‡-ambn ]Tn-

∏n-®n-´p-≠v. kmZq-Iy¿ ]p\-cp-∞m-\-Ønepw ZqX-∑m-

cnepw hniz-kn-®n-cp-∂n-√. hnhm-l-tØmSp _‘-s∏-

SpØn ]p\-cp-∞m\w ]m]n-°p-∂-h¿ ZqX-∑m-sc-t∏m-

se-bm-bn-cn-°pw F∂v Nq≠n-°mń Hcp coXn-bn¬ Ah-

cpsS c≠p A_≤ Nn¥m-K-Xn-I-sfbpw I¿Ømhv

JWvUn®p (a-Øm. 22: 30). c≠mw hc-hn-¶¬ ZqX-∑m¿

Xt∂m-sSm∏w hcp-sa∂v I¿Ømhv hy‡-am°n (a-Øm.

24:31; 25:31). Xs‚ Iqip-a-cWw XS-bp-hm≥ 12-

setKym\nepw A[nIw ZqX-∑msc X\n°p hnfn-°m\m-

hp-sa∂v Ahn-Sp∂p ]d™p (a-Øm. 26:53). I¿Øm-

hns\ BZ-cn-°p-∂-h¿ ZqX-∑m-cpsS AkvXn-Xzhpw

AwKo-I-cn-°pw.

II. ZqX-∑m-cpsS D¤hw

A. kI-ehpw ssZh-Øns‚ krjvSn

ssZhw amX-amWv \nXy\pw A\-iz-c\pw. Ahn-Sp-

∂mWv kI-ehpw krjvSn-®-Xv. Cu hkvXp-X-bpsS

ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ ZqX-∑m-cpƒs∏sS kI-ehpw krjvSn-

°-s∏- -Xm-Wv.

kI-ehpw Ah≥ apJm-¥ncw Df-hm-bn....

(tbm-l. 1:13).

kz¿§-Øn-ep-≈Xpw `qan-bn-ep-≈Xpw Zriy-am-

bXpw AZr-iy-am-bXpw knwlm-k-\-ßƒ

BIs´ I¿Ør-Xz-ßƒ BIs´ hmgvN-Iƒ

BIs´ A[n-Im-c-ßƒ BIs´ kI-ehpw

Ah≥ apJm-¥cw krjvSn-°-s∏´p; Ah≥

apJm-¥-chpw Ah-∂m-bn´pw kI-ehpw krjvSn-

°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p (sIm-sem. 1:15,16).

Xm≥ amXw Aa¿Xy-X-bp -≈-h\pw. . .

( 1 Xnsam. 6:16).

B. ssZh-Øns‚ krjvSn-I¿Ω-Øn¬ ZqX-∑msc

kw_-‘n® kqN\

Ahs‚ kIe ZqX-∑m-cp -am -bp -t≈msc ,

Ahs\ kvXpXn-∏n≥; Ahs‚ k¿∆-ssk-\y-

hpta, Ahs\ kvXpXn-∏n≥... Ah≥ Iev]n-®n´p

Ah krjvSn-°-s∏- n-cn-°-bm¬ Ah btlm-

h-bpsS \masØ kvXpXn-°s´ (k-¶o. 148:2, 5).

C. ZqX≥am-cpsS krjvSn- k-abw

Ctøm-_ns‚ BZy c≠p A≤ym-b-ß-fn¬ ]nimNv

Dƒs∏-Sp∂ Bfl-cq-]n-I-fpsS kwL-Øn\v ssZh

]p-X-∑m¿ F∂ ]tbmKw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

BIm-i-ssk\yw F∂ ssien \£-X-ßfpw ZqX-

∑mcpw Dƒs∏-Sp∂ kwLsØ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Imw.3 qan-bpsS krjvSn°p apºp-Xs∂ ZqX-∑m¿ krjvSn-

°-s∏´p F∂ Imcyw Ctøm_v 38: 4˛7 hy‡-am-°p∂p

F∂ hkvXp-X-bn-te-°mWv apIfn¬ kqNn-∏n®

kXyßƒ Hcp-hs\ \bn-°p-∂Xv.

""Rm≥ `qan°v ASn-ÿm-\-an- -t∏mƒ \o Fhn-

sS-bm-bn-cp∂p? \n\°p hnth-I-ap-s≠-¶n¬

]kvXm-hn-°... ]`mX \£-X-ßƒ H∂n®p

tLmjn-®p-√-kn-°p-Ibpw ssZh-]p-X-∑m-sc√mw

kt¥m-jn-®m¿°p-Ibpw sNbvX-t∏mƒ....''

(C-tøm_v 38:4,6).

Ctøm_v 38 se ssZh-]p-X-∑m¿, ZqX∑m¿ As√-¶n¬

]ns∂ Ah¿ BcmWv? qan-bpsS D¤-h-Øn\p apsº

D≈-h-cm-bn-cp∂Xn\m¬ Ah¿ a\p-jy-cm-bn-cn°n-

√t√m! k¶o. 148:2 apX-ep≈ hmIy-ß-fn¬ ZqX-∑m-

cpsS krjvSn ùXnI ]]-©-Øns‚ krjvSn-tbmSp

_‘-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ""Bdp Znhkw sIm≠p -

ssZhw BIm-ihpw `qanbpw kap-Zhpw Ah-bn-ep-

≈-sXm-s°bpw D≠m-°n...'' F∂v ]pd-∏mSv 20:11

hy‡-am-°p-∂p. Aß-s\-sb-¶n¬ krjvSn-bpsS H∂mw

Zn\-Øn¬ Xs∂ ZqX-∑mcpw krjvSn-°-s∏- -Xmbn a\-

n-em°mw, Hcp ]s£ BIm-i-ßƒ krjvSn-°-s∏´

tijw, `qan D≠m-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\p apºv.

D. ZqX-∑m¿ ZqX-∑m-cmbn Xs∂ krjvSn-°-s∏- -h¿

tXP-kv°-cWw ]m]n® a\p-jy-cmWv ZqX-∑m-sc∂v

shdpsX A\p-am-\n-°p-∂-h-cp-≠v. ZqX-∑m¿ at‰-sX-

¶nepw krjvSn-I-fn¬ \n∂v cq]m-¥cw ]m]n-®-

h-c-s√∂v thZ-]p-kvXIw hy‡-ambn ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p.

F_m. 12:22˛23 hmIy-ß-fn¬ kz¿§-Øn¬ hkn-°p-

∂-h-cpsS ]ńI \¬Ip-∂-Xn¬, ""ZqX-∑m-cpsS k¿∆-

kw-Lhpw'' ""kn≤-∑m-cmb \oXn-am-∑m-cpsS Bflm-°-

fpw,'' hyXy-kvX-cmb c≠p Iq´-cm-sW∂p kv]jvS-

amWv. shfn. 21,22 A≤ym-b-ß-fnse kz¿t§m-∂-X-ß-

sf-°p-dn-®p≈ hnh-c-W-ß-fnepw ZqX-K-W-ßfpw a\p-

jycpw hyXy-kvX-cm-sW∂v Z¿in-°mw. `mhn-bn¬

a\pjy¿ ZqX-∑m-cmbn cq]m-¥-c-s∏-Sp-I-bn√, adn®v


IW-°p-Iƒ s]mXpsh IrXy-am-b-Xm-Wv, F∂m¬ sIcq-_p-I-sfbpw kmdm-^p-I-sfbpw°p-dn®p≈ kqN-I-ßfpwDƒs∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXn-ep-a-[nIw D≠v.2 I bid

3 Bh. 4:19 epw sk^. 1:5 epw "ssk\yw' F∂Xv \£-X-sØ-bmWv A¿∞-am-°p-∂-Xv, F∂m¬ 1 cmPm. 22:19 epweqt°m. 2:13 epw "ssk\yw' ZqX-∑m-sc-bmWv kqNn-∏n-°p∂Xv. shfn. 12:1˛4 Dw ImWpI

45

I¿Ømhn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ a\p-jy¿ ZqX-∑msc

\ymbw hn[n°pw (1 sImcn. 6:3).

E. ZqX-∑m-cpsS FÆw

krjvSn-bn-¶¬ Xs∂ ZqX-∑m-cpsS FÆw Ft∂°p-

ambn Dd-∏n-®n-cp-∂p. Ah¿ Hcn-°epw acn-°p-I-bn-√.

Ah¿ Hcn-°epw ]Xyp-Xv]m-Z\w \S-Øp-I-bn√

(aØm. 22:30; a¿s°m. 12:25; eqs°m. 20:35˛36). -ssZhw

krjvSn-I¿Ωw XpS-cp-∂n√ F∂v Dev]Øn c≠mw

A≤ymbw hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ ZqX-∑m-cpsS kwJy

h¿≤n-°p-∂n√ F∂v Dd-∏n-°mw.

""F¶nepw B temI-Øn∂pw acn-®-h-cn¬

\n∂p≈ ]p\-c-∞m-\-Øn\pw tbmKy-cm-b-h¿

hnhm-lw- I-gn-°-bp-an√ hnhm-l-Øn-\p -sIm-Sp-

°-s∏-Sp-I-bp-an-√; Ah¿°p C\n acn-∏m\pw Ign-

I-bn-√.- A-h≥ ]p\-cp-∞m-\- ]pX-∑m-cm-I-bm¬

ssZh-ZqX Xpeycpw ssZh-]p - X -∑mcpw

BIp∂p'' (eq-t°m. 20:35˛36).

ZqX∑m-cpsS IrXy-amb FÆw Hcp a¿Ωw BWv,

F∂m¬ Ah-cpsS FÆw hfsc hep-Xm-sW∂v

[mcmfw kqN-\-I-fp-≠v.

1. ""BImi ssk\yw'' \£-X-ß-sfbpw ZqX-∑m-

scbpw kqNn-∏n-°p∂XmI-bm¬ \-£-X-ß-sf-t∏m-se-

Xs∂ FÆn-Iq-Sp-hm≥ Ign-bm-sX-hÆw A\-h-[n-bm-

Wv Zq-X-∑m-cpsS FÆ-hp-sa∂v A\p-am-\n-°mw.

2. F_m. 12:22- ¬ ""ZqX-∑m-cpsS k¿∆-kwLw'' F∂v

ImWp-∂p. Bb-Xn-\m¬ Ah¿ ]Xn-\m-bn-c-I-W-°n\p

kwL-ß-fmbn \ne-sIm-≈p∂p k¶o. 68:17; Zm\n. 7:

10; shfn. 5:11; 2 cmPm. 6:17; eqt°m. 2:13 Cu `mK-ß-

fnse ]tbm-K-ß-sf-√mw -Xs∂ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv ZqX-

∑m-cpsS FÆw ""_rlXv kw-Jy-bm-Wv.'' \ap°v FÆn

Xn -s∏-Sp-Øm-\m-hn-√.

ssZh-Øns‚ cY-ßƒ Bbn-c-am-bnchpw tImSn-

tIm-Sn-bp-am-Ip-∂p.... (k-¶o. 68:17).

""... -B-bn-c-am-bncw t]¿ Ah\p ipiqj

sNbvXp; ]Xn-\m-bncw ]Xn-\m-bncw t]¿

Ahs‚ apºmsI \n∂p....'' (Zm-\n. 7:10).

]ns∂ Rm≥ Z¿i-\-Øn¬ knwlm-k-\-Øn-

s‚bpw Pohn-I-fp -sSbpw aq∏-∑m-cpsSbpw

Np‰nepw Gdnb ZqX-∑m-cpsS i_vZw tI´p; Ah-

cpsS FÆw ]Xn-\m-bncw ]Xn-\m-bn-chpw

Bbncw Bbn-chpw Bbn-cp-∂p (sh-fn. 5:11).

3. ]¥≠p setKym-\nepw A[nIw ZqX-∑m¿ Xs‚

B⁄ \n¿∆m-l-I-cmbn Ds≠∂v I¿Ømhv kqNn-

∏n®p (a-Øm. 26:53).

F. ZqX-∑m-cpsS krjvSn e£yw

ssZh-Øns‚ ipiq-j-I-cm-bn- mWv ZqX-∑m¿ krjvSn-

°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. kr-jvSnsb kw_-‘n® s]mXp-

hmb ]kvXm-h-\-I-fn¬ \n∂pw CXv A\p-am-\n-°mw

(tdm-a. 11:36; sImsem. 1:16; shfn. 4:11). F∂n-cp-∂mepw,

ZqXkr-jvSn-tbmSp _‘-s∏ v Nne ]tXyI ]Xn-]m-

Z-\-ßƒ thZ-]p-kvXIw \¬Ip∂p.

""Ah≥ Im-‰p-Isf Xs‚ ZqX-∑mcpw A·n-Pzm-

esb Xs‚ ipiq-j-I-∑mcpw B°p∂p'' F∂p

ZqX-∑m-sc-°p-dn®p ]d-bp∂p.... Ah¿ Hs°bpw

c£]m-]n-∏m-\p-≈-h-cpsS ipiq-jbv°p Ab-

bv°-s∏-Sp∂ tkh-Im-flm-°-f -√tbm?

(F-_m. 1:7,14).

G. ZqX-∑mcpw ]m]hpw

ssZhw tZmj-ß-fm¬ ]co-£n-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-h\pw

(bm-t°m. 1:13) ]m]-km-∂n-≤y-Øn¬ Ahn-Sp-tØ°v

\ne-sIm-≈p-hm≥ Ign-bmØh\p-am-I-bm¬ (l-_. 1:

12˛13). ZqX-∑msc ]m]-tØm-sS-b√ Ahn-Sp∂v krjvSn-

®-sX∂v hy‡-amWv; Ah¿ ]cn-ip-≤n-tbm-sS-bmWv

krjvSn-°-s∏-´-Xv.

H. ZqX-∑mcpsS ]cn-an-XnIƒ

ZqX-∑m¿°v Aam-\p-jnI Ign-hp-Ifp-s≠∂v XpS¿

kqN-I-ßƒ ÿm]n-°pw, F∂n-cp-∂mepw Ahcpw

krjvSn-Iƒ amX-am-Wv. Ah¿°v Htc ka-bØv

H∂n¬ IqSpX¬ ÿe-ß-fn-em-bn-cn-∏m≥ Ign-I-bn-√.

K_n-tb¬ Zq-X\v bmX sNøp-hm≥ kabw Bh-iy-

am-bn-cp∂p (Zm-\n. 9:21˛23). t]cp kqNn-∏n-®n- n-√mØ

Hcp ZqX\v Xs‚ bmX-bn¬ Xmakw t\cn- p. ZqX-

∑m¿°v Ah-cpsS i‡n-bn¬ ]cn-an-Xn-I-fp-≠m-bn-cp∂p

(Zm-\n. 10:13). hnip-≤cpw Aip-≤-cp-amb ZqX-∑m¿ XΩn-

ep-≈- t]m-cm´w shfn. 12:7˛¬ Z¿in-°mw. ZqX-∑m¿°v

Adn-hnepw ]cn-an-X-nIƒ D≠v. c≠mw hc-hns‚ kabw

Ah¿°v Adn-bn√ (a-Øm. 24:36). Ah¿ k`sb

ho£n®v At\I Imcy -ßƒ Kln -°p∂p

(F-s^. 3:10; 1 Xn-a. 3:10; 5:21; 1 ]-sXm. 1:12). Npcp-°-

Øn¬, ZqX-∑m¿ tIhew ssZh-kr-jvSnIƒ amX-amWv,

A√msX Ah¿ k¿∆-hym -]n -I -tfm, k¿∆-

i-‡tcm, k¿∆-⁄m-\n-Itfm A√.

III. ZqX-∑m-cpsS ]IrXn

A. ZqX-∑mcpsS hy‡nXzw

kzb-t_m-[-tØm-Sp-IqSn _p≤n, hnImcw, C— D≈

Hcp-h-\mWv hy‡n F∂ \n¿h-N-\-Øn\p tbmKy-\m-

Ip-∂Xv. Cu \n¿h-N-\-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬

ZqX∑m¿ hy‡n-I-fmWv F∂v hnti-jn-∏n°mw.

Fbv©temfPn: Zqflmsc∏‰nbp≈ D]-tZiw

46

Ah¿°v Kln-°p-hm-\p≈ _p≤n (F-s^. 3:10;

1 ]sXm. 1:12), kvXpXn-°p-hm\pw Bc-m[n-°p-hm\pw

hnImcw (C-tøm. 38:7; sbi. 6:3; shfn. 5:11˛12), ssZhnI

kt¥m-j-Øn¬ ]¶p-tN-cm-\p≈ Ignhv (eqs°m.

15:10), ssZhnI Iev]\ A\p-kcn-°p-hm-\p-ff C—

F∂nh D≠v (aØm. 24:31; F_m. 1:6).

B. ZqX-∑mcpsS hnip≤n

hnip-≤-\mb ssZhw ZqX-∑msc hnip-≤n-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snsb

krjvSn-°p-I-bp≈q F∂Xv ssZhnI ]Ir-Xnbn¬

A¥¿eo-am-bn-cn-°p∂ hkvXp-X-bm-Wv. ssZh-]p-X-

∑m¿ F∂v ZqX-∑msc hnfn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ (C-tøm.

1:6; 2:1; 38:7) Ah¿ ssZh kmZr-iy-Øn-emWv krjvSn-

°-s∏- Xv F∂ Imcyw kwibclnXamWv. F∂m¬

Hcp Iq´w ZqX∑m¿ AhcpsS C—m-i-‡n-bm¬ ]m]w

Xnc-s™-SpØv Aip-≤-cmbn Xo¿∂p. hen-sbmcp Iq´w

Ct∏mgpw hnip-≤n-bp-≈-h-cm-sW∂pw InkvXp-hns‚

c≠mw hc-hn-¶¬ hnip-≤n-tbmSp IqSn-b-h-cm-bn-cn-°p-

sa∂pw ss__nƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p (a¿s°m. 8:38;

eqs°m. 9:26; ]hrØn 10:22; shfn. 14:10). tijvT-Zq-

X-∑m¿ AYhm Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´ ZqX-∑m¿ F∂v

Nne ZqX-∑m¿ hnti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-t\m-sSm∏w

(1 Xn-sam. 5:21) I¿Øm-hns‚ c≠mw hc-hn-¶epw

ZqX∑m¿ hnip-≤-cm-bn-cn-°pw F∂-Xns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-

Øn¬ thZ-]-Tn-Xm-°ƒ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p∂ hkvXpX

hnip≤ ZqX-∑m¿ Ah-cpsS hnip-≤n-bn¬ Dd-∏n-°-s∏-

´-h-cm-Wv. C\n Hcn-°epw ]m]w sNbvXv ssZhnI

hnip≤n \jvS-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ Ah¿°v km[n-°p-I-bn-

√. hnip≤ ZqX∑m¿ ]m]w sNøp-hm≥ Ign-hn-√m-Ø-

h-cm-Wv.

C. ZqX-∑mcpsS i‡n

1. a\p-jy-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬

ZqX-∑m¿ Aam-\p-jnI i‡n-bp-≈-h-cm-sW∂ kXyw

-hy-‡-ambpw DZm-l-c-W-Ømepw ss__nƒ ]Tn-∏n-

°p∂p. a\p-jy¿ ZqX-∑m-sc-°mƒ ""Aev]w amXw''

(A-ev]-k-a-b-tØ-°p-sa-∂m-Ipw) XmgvØ-s∏- p-sh∂v

F_m. 2:7,9 hmIy-ßƒ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. skmtZmw

\in-∏n-®-Xv ZqX-∑m-cmWv (D-ev]. 19). Hcp ZqX≥ 185,000

A»q¿ ssk\n-Isc sIms∂m-Sp°n (sbi. 37). 70,000

F_m-b-scbpw Hcp ZqX≥ sIm∂-Xmbn Xncp-sh-gpØv

hnh-cn-°p∂p (2 iaq. 24). tIhew Hcp ZqX\v sbcp-

itew \in-∏n-°m-\m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p (2 iaq. 24). Geoi

]m¿∞n-®-t∏mƒ kz¿§-Ønse ssZh-Øns‚ ssk\y-

ap -ºmsI Acmay ssk\yw H∂p-an -s√∂v

At±-l-Øns‚ _mey-°m-c≥ a\- n-em°n (2 cmPm. 6).

at‰Xp ]pkvX-I-sØ-°mfpw shfn-∏m-Sn-emWv ZqX-∑m-

sc-°p-dn®v A[nIw XhW hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv. A¥y-

\m-fp-I-fn¬ Ah-cpsS i‡n XnI®pw Ahm-Nyhpw

AXp-ey-hp-am-bn-cn-°pw. kqcy≥, A·n, Im‰v XpS-ßnb

]IrXn i‡n timX- p-I-fp-sS-ta¬ Ah¿°v A[n-

Im-c-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw (sh-fn. 7:1; 14:18˛19; 16:8˛9). A¿Ω-

sK-t±m≥ bp≤-Øn¬ FXn¿- -In-kvX-p-hns\ ]cm-P-b-

s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ Ah¿ klm-bn-I-fmbn Xocpw (sh-fn.

14:18). `mhn-bn¬, tXP-kv°-cn-°-s∏´ a\p-jy¿ ssZh-

Zq-X-∑msc `cn-°p-∂-h-cmbn Xocpw (F-_m. 2:5;

tdma. 8:17).4

Ahs‚ hN-\-Øns‚ i_vZw tI´v Ahs‚

B⁄ A\p-k-cn-°p∂ hoc-∑m-cmbn Ahs‚

ZqX-∑m-cm-bp-≈tc btlm-hsb hmgvØp-hn≥

(k-¶o. 103:20)

_ehpw i‡nbpw Gdnb ZqX-∑m¿.. . .

(2 ]sXm. 2:11).

2. ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬

ZqX-∑m¿ a\p-jy-sc-°mƒ AXn-i-‡-∑m-cm-sW-¶nepw

Ah¿ At\I ]cn-an-Xn-I-fp≈hcpw ssZhnI A[n-

Im-c-Øn\p hnt[-b-cp-amWv (2 iaq. 24:16; shfn. 7:1˛4).

ZqX-∑m-cpsS t]mcm- -ßƒ Ah-cpsS i‡n-bpsS ]cn-

an-Xnsb kqNn-∏n-°p∂p (Zm-\n. 10:13, 20; bqZm. 9; shfn.

12:7˛9). F_m. 1:4 apX-ep≈ hmIy-ßƒ hy‡-am-

°p∂ hkp-X-X-bmWv ChnsS ]k‡w, InkvXp ZqX-

∑m-sc-°mƒ D∂-X-\m-Wv.

...-In-kvXp... -F√m hmgvNbv°pw A[n-Im-c-

Øn\pw i‡n°pw I¿Ør-Xz -Øn -\pw. . .

AXy¥w aosX... (F-s^. 1:20, 21).

...-Zq-X-∑mcpw .. A[n-Im-c-ßfpw Ah\p Iogvs∏-

´n-cn-°p∂p (1 ]sXm. 3:22).

D. ZqX-∑mcpw ico-cnI Ah-ÿbpw

ZqX-∑m¿ imco-cnI cq]-ß-fn¬ ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-sa-¶nepw

Ah-cpsS ]IrXn A\p-k-cn®v Ah¿ Bfl-Po-hn-I-

fmWv (k-¶o. 104:4; F_m. 1:7, 14; hoWp-t]mb ZqX-

∑msc kw_-‘n® kqN\ (F-s^. 6:12). `qXm-flm-

°ƒ hoWp-t]mb ZqX-∑m-sc∂ \ne-bn¬ Hcp

4 F_mb mj-bn¬ ""btlmhbpsS ZqX≥'' ""btlm-h-bpsSHcp ZqX≥'' F∂o ]tbm-K-ßƒ H∂m-b-Xn-\m-¬, ""btlm-h-bpsS ZqX≥'' F∂ \ne-bn¬ ]Xy-£-s∏´ ssZh-]p-X-\m-tWm, km[m-cW Hcp ZqX-\mtWm Cu kwlmcw \S-Øp-∂-sX∂p th¿Xn-cn-®-dn-bp-hm≥ Nne-t∏mƒ ]-bm-k-ap≠v. Nne hnh-c-W-ß-fn¬ alm-kw-lm-c-ßƒ \S-Øp-∂Xvkm[m-cW ZqX-\-√, ssZh-]p-X-\m-sW-¶nepw ZqX-∑m¿ a\p-jy-sc-°mƒ i‡-∑m-cm-sW-∂p-≈-Xns‚ kmºnƒ sXfn-hp-Iƒ [mcm-f-ap≠v.


47

setKym≥ hnip≤ ZqX-∑m¿°pw AtX Ah-ÿ-bn-

em-bn- Xo-cp-hm-\mIpw (a¿s°m. 5:9, 13; eqs°m. 8:30).

AXn-\m¬ Hcp ÿe-Øp-amXw ]cn-an-X-s∏´p \n¬°m-

hp∂ icoc Pohn-I-f√ Ah¿. ZqX-∑m¿ Bfl-cq-]n-I-

fm-sW-¶nepw k¿∆-hym-]n-I-f-s√∂hkvXpXbpw i≤n-

°-Ww. Hcp ZqX\v bmX sNøp-hm≥ aq∂mgvN th≠n

h∂p, thsdmcp ZqX\v bmX-bn¬ Xmakw t\cn´p

(Zm\n. 10:12 ff; 9:21˛23).

""Ah≥ Im-‰p-Isf Xs‚ ZqX-∑mcpw A·n-Pzm-

esb Xs‚ ipiq-j-I-∑mcpw B°p∂p'' F∂p

ZqX-∑m-sc-°p-dn®p ]d-bp∂p.... Ah¿ Hs°bpw

c£-]m-]n-∏m-\p-≈-h-cpsS ipiq-jbv°p Ab-

bv°-s∏-Sp∂ tkh-Im-flm-°-f -√tbm?

(F-_m. 1:7,14).

E. ZqX-∑mcpsS Aa¿Xy-Xbpw enwK-t -Xhpw

ZqX-∑m¿ Aa¿Xy-cmWv (eqs°m. 20:35˛36). ]Xy-£-

Øn¬ ]pcp-j-∑m-cmbpw ]p√nwK hnti-j-W-ß-fn-ep-

amWv cwK-Øp-h-cp-∂-sX-¶nepw (D-ev]. 19) ZqX-∑m¿°v

enwK-t`-Z-an-s√-∂p-≈-XmWv km[y-amb hkvXpX.

]p√nwK ]tbmKw ]-cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn\v D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-

s≠-¶nepw Ahn-Sp∂v Hcp ]pcp-j\√. Ah¿ enwK-t -

Z-an-√m-Ø-h-cm-sW∂pw, ]pcp-j-∑m-cm-sW∂ Nn¥m-KXn

A_-≤-am-sW∂pw sXfn-bn-°p∂ kqN-\-bmWv

Ah¿°v ]Xyp-Xv]m-Z-\-ti-jn-bn-s√∂ ]kvXmh-\-

bn¬ \n∂v shfn-hmbn hcp-∂-Xv. Bfl-cq-]n-I-fpsS

]Xy-£-Xbpw kmcmw-ihpw XΩn¬ Hcp hyXymkw

hcp-ØWw. 5

IV. ZqX-∑mcpsS ]Xy-£-X-Iƒ

ZqX-∑m¿ Bfl-cq-]n-Ifpw AXn-\m¬ AZr-iy-cp-am-Wv.

F∂m¬, Ah¿ B¿s°-¶nepw ]Xy-£-s∏-S-W-sa∂v

ssZhw C—n-®m¬ Ah¿°v a\p-jy-cpsS apºmsI

Zriy-cm-bn-Øo-cp-hm≥ Ign-bpw.

A. `qan-bn¬

ZqX-∑m¿ ùanI Xe-ß-fn¬ ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ

a\pjy-cq-]-Ønepw ]pcpj-cq-]-Øn-ep-amWv Ah¿

ImW-s∏-Sp-∂Xv (sk-J. 5:9 ap-X-ep≈ hmIy-ßƒ

amXw hyXy-kvX-ambn hymJym-\n-°-s∏-S-Ww).

ZqX∑m¿ A_-lm-an-s\bpw kmdm-sbbpw kµ¿in-®-

t∏mƒ Ah¿ \S-∂p, Ccp∂p, Ign-®p, km[m-cW a\p-

jy-sc-t∏mse kw`m-jWw sNbvXp (D-ev]. 18). ""....-

Nn-e¿ Adn-bmsX ssZh-Zq-X-∑msc kev°-cn-®n-´p-

≠t√m'' Fs∂-gp-Xn-b-t∏mƒ F_mb teJ-Is‚ a\-

n¬ B kw -h-am-bn-cn°pw D≠m-bn-cp∂Xv (13:2). ZqX-

∑msc a\p-jy-sc-t∏mse I≠-t∏m-gmWv ZpjvS-∑m-cmb

skmtZm-ay¿ Ahsc t`mKn-t°-≠-Xn\v Bh-iy-s∏- Xv

(D-ev].19:1, 5). a¿s°m. 16:5; eqs°m. 24:4; ]hrØn

1:10 apX-emb hmIy-ß-fnepw ZqX-∑m¿ ]pcp-j-∑m-cmbn

]Xy-£-s∏-Sp∂ cwK-ßƒ Z¿in-°mw. ZqX-∑m¿ ""]pcp-

j-∑m-cmbn'' ]Xy-£-s∏-´-t∏mƒ IÆ-©n-∏n-°p∂

]Im-i-h-e-b-Øn-\p-≈n¬ Aam-\p-jnI hy‡n-]- m-

h-ß-fm-bn- mWv IqSp-Xepw cwK-]-th-i\w sNbvXXv

(Zm-\n. 10:5; aØm. 28:3; eqt°m. 24:4).

B. Aù-anI Xe-ß-fn¬

ZqX-∑m¿ `qan-bn¬ ]Xy-£-s∏- -t∏mƒ ASn-ÿm-\-]-

c-ambn a\p-jy-cq-]-Øn-em-bn-cp∂p; F∂m¬ a‰p- X-e-

ß-fn¬ Akm-[m-cW `mh-ß-fn-emWv ]Xy-£-

s∏Sp∂Xv.

1. sbi-ømhv 6˛¬ Bdp Nnd-Ip≈ kmdm- pIƒ

2. sbsl-kvt°¬ 1, 10 A≤ym-b-ßfn¬ sIcq-_pI-

fmbn ]e- m-h-ßfn¬

Hcp inc- n¬ NXp¿ap-J-ßƒ (a-\p-jy≥,

knwlw, Imf, Igp-I≥)

\mep Nnd-Ipƒ

Np‰pw IÆp-Iƒ

Ipf-ºp-t]m-ep≈ ImeSn

Xncn-hm≥ Bh-iy-an-√msX NIw

(Hcp Be-¶m-cnI bm¥nI LS\?)

Nnd-Ip-Iƒ°p Iosg ssIIƒ

3. Pohn-Iƒ ˛sh-fn-∏mSv 4:6˛8- ¬ ImWp∂ Imcy-

ßƒ:

At\Iw IÆp-Iƒ

Bdp Nnd-Ip-Iƒ

knwlw, Imf, a\p-jy≥, IgpI≥ apJ-ßƒ

4. shfn-∏mSv 10: 1˛3 se ZqX≥

taLw D-Sp-Øn-cn-°p∂p

BImihn√p IncoSw

5 ZqX-∑m¿ Bflm-°-fmWv (F-_m. 1:14). Bflmhv F∂\n¿h-N\w hnh-£n-°p-∂Xv amwkhpw c‡hp-an-√mØhy‡n-Xz-sØ-bm-Wv (eq-s°m. 24:39 se InkvXp-hns‚]kvXm-h\ ImWp-I). ùanI Xe-ß-fn¬ ]pcp-j-∑m¿F∂ \ne-bn-emWv ZqX-∑m¿ Ft∏mgpw ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬, kz¿§ob X-e-ß-fn¬ ]pcp-j-∑m-cm-bn- √ Ah¿]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Ah¿ kmcmw-i-Øn¬ enwK-t`-Z-an-√mØhcm-bn- mWv ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. XØp-ey-cmb kvXoenw-K-t -Z-ap≈ ZqX-∑m-cn√msX AkwJyw ]p√nw-K-t -Z-ap≈ ZqX-∑msc ssZhw krjvSn®p F∂ \nK-a-\-Øn-se-Øp-∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ enwK-t`-Z-an-√m-sX-bmWv (]XypXv]m-Z\ LS-\-bn-√mØ Ah-ÿ) Ahn-Sp∂v ZqX-∑msc krjvSn-®-sX∂vNn¥n-°p-∂-XmWv bp‡n- -Zw.


48

V. ZqX-∑m-cpsS \ma-ßfpw th¿Xn-cn-hp-I-fpw

A. s]mXp-\m-a-ßƒ

ZqX-∑m¿ = ktµ-i-hm-l-I¿

tkh-Im-flm-°ƒ (F-_m. 1:14) = ipiq-j-I¿

kz¿§ob ssk\yw (eqs°m. 2:13 = ssZh-

Øns‚ ssk\yw

Hcp ZqX≥ (watchers- Im-h¬°m-c≥)

(Zm\n. 4:13˛17= am\p-jnI `c-W-Iq-S-ßsf

\nb¥n-°p-∂-h≥

ssZh]pX-∑m¿ (C-tøm. 1:6; 2:1; 38:7) =

ssZh-km-Zr-iy-ap-≈-h¿

\£-X-ßƒ (sh-fn. 12:3˛4, 9) = kz¿§-Øn¬

hkn-°p-∂-h¿

B. ]tXyI \ma-ßfpw th¿Xn-cn-hp-Ifpw

1. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ AXn-i-bn-∏n-°pw-hn[w At\Iw

]mhiyw (sXm-Æq-dn-e-[n-Iw) sIcq-_p-I-sf-°p-dn-®p≈

(G-I-h-N\w, sIcq-_v) ]Xn-]m-Z-\-ßƒ D≠v. thZ-]p-

kvX-I-Øn¬ ]Y-a-ambn kqNn-∏n-°p∂ ZqX-∑m¿

sIcq-_p-I-fm-Wv, GZ≥tXm-´-Øn-te°v a\p-jy≥

XncnsI hcmsX Imh¬ \n∂-h¿ (D-ev]. 3:24). kam-

K-a-\-Iq-Sm--cØnse Xnc-»o-e-I-fn¬ sIcq-_p-I-fpsS

cq]-ßƒ s\bvXp tN¿Øn-cp∂p. s]m∂p-sIm-≠p≈

sIcq-_p-I-fpsS cq]-ßfpw D≠m-bn-cp∂p (]p-d.

25:17˛22; 26:1, 31). sbsl-kvt°¬ 10: 1 ap-X-ep≈ hmIy-

ß-fn¬ sIcq-_p-I-fpsS ]Xy-£-X-Iƒ hnh-cn-®n-cn-

°p∂p (sb-sl. 1:4˛28 ImWp-I). sIcq-_p-I-fpsS

at≤y A[n-h-kn-°p-∂-h-\mb ssk\y-ß-fpsS

btlmh As√-¶n¬ sIcq-_p-I-fpsS aosX A[n-h-

kn-°p∂h\mb btlmh Fs∂m-s°-bmWv ssZhnI

km∂n-≤ysØ kqNn-∏n-°p-hm≥ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp∂

]tbm-K-ßƒ (1 iaq. 4:4; 2 iaq. 6:2; 2 cmPm. 19:15;

1 Zn\. 13:6; k¶o. 80:1; 99:9˛10 Dw ImWp-I). ssZhnI

hnip-≤n-bpsS kwc-£-I-cmbn sIcq-_p-Isf kqNn-∏n-

°p-∂p (D-ev]. 3:24). ssZhnI km∂n-≤ysØ kqNn-

∏n-°p-∂-h-cp-am-W-h¿. kam-K-a-\-Iq-Smcw kz¿§sØ

Be-¶m-cn-I-ambn ]Xn-\n-Zm\w sNøp-∂p. s]´-I-

Øn\p Np‰n\pw ssZh-km-∂n≤ysØ kqNn-∏n-°p∂

sIcq-_ns‚ cq]-ßƒ-t]mse kz¿§ob knwlm-k-\-

Ønse ssZh-km-∂n-≤y-Øn\p Np‰pw sIcq-_p-Iƒ

D≠m-bn-cn-°pw.

2. kmdm- p-Iƒ F∂v c≠p ]mhiyw amXsa ZqX-

∑m-tcm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p-≈q (sb-i.

6: 2, 6). IØn-°pI F∂¿∞w hcp∂ F_mb ]Z-

Øn¬ \n∂m-bn-cn°pw Cu hm°p-≠m-b-Xv. kmdm-

^pIƒ A·n-a -b -cmb tXt÷mcq -]n -I -fm -Wv.

ssZhsØ Bcm-[n-°pI F∂-Xm-bn-cn°pw Ahsc

kw_‘n® e£yw.

3. aoJm-tb¬ Xnc-sh-gp-Øp-Iƒ t]cp-Iƒ \¬In-bn-

´p≈ c≠p ZqX-∑m-cn¬ Hcp-h-\m-Wv. ""ssZh-sØ-

t∏mse Bcp≈q?'' F∂mWv Cu t]cn-\¿∞w. A©p-

]m-hiyw aoJm-tb-ens\ Xncp-sh-gp -Øp-I-fn¬

Z¿in°mw (Zm-\n. 10:13, 21; 12:1; bqZm. 9; shfn. 12:7).

Hcp ssk\nI Iao-I-cWw t]mse ZqX-∑m-cnepw

ÿm\-hy-Xym-k-ß-fp-≠mIpw (tdm-a. 8: 38; Fs^. 1:

21; 3:10; 6:12; sImsem. 1:16; 2:10; 10, 15). ][m\ ]`p-°-

∑m-cn¬ Hcm-fmbn Zm\n. 10:13-˛¬ aoJm-tb-ens\

ImWmw. AtX kabw ][m\Zq-X≥ F∂v hnfn-°-

s∏-Sp-∂Xv Ah≥ amX-ta-bp≈q (bq-Zm. 9). alm-]o-

U-\ -Im -eØv ]nim -Nn -s\-Xnsc ZqX-∑m -cpsS

ssk\ysØ \bn-°p-∂Xv aoJm-tb¬ B-bn-cn°pw

(sh-fn. 12:7). Ah-t\mSp Xpey-cmb a‰p ZqX-∑mcpw

D≠m-bn-cn-°pw, F∂m¬ bnkm-tb-ens\ kwc-£n-°p-

∂-h≥ ][m\ ZqX-s\∂ \ne-bn¬ A-h-\m-bn-cn°pw

(Zm-\n. 10:21; 12:1). I¿Øm-hns‚ hchv ]Jym-]n-°p-

∂Xv aoJm-tb¬ Bbn-cn°pw (1 sX . 4:16).

4. ""ssZh-]p-cp-j≥'' F∂¿∞-ap≈ K_n-tb-ens\

\mep-]m-hiyw Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-I-fn¬ ImWp∂p (Zm-\n.

8:16; 9:21; eqt°m. 1:19, 26). K_n-tb-ens\ ][m-\-Zq-

X≥ F∂v kwt_m-[\ sNbvXn-´n-√. Ah≥ Hcp

]tXyI ktµ-i-hm-l-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah≥ Zm\o-tb-

en-\p-th≠n Z¿i-\-ßsf hymJym-\n-®p. tbml-∂m≥

kv\m]-I-s‚bpw InkvXp-hn-s‚bpw P∑w ap≥Iq-´n

Adn-bn-®p.

VI. ZqX-∑m-cpsS hmk-ÿew

ZqX-∑m¿ `qan kµ¿in-°p-sa-¶nepw \£-X-ßƒ

\nd™ BIm-i-ß-fn¬ hkn-°p-sa-¶nepw (\-£-X-

ßfpw ZqX-∑mcpw ]e-bn-SØpw Hcp-an®v hcp-∂p) Ah-

cpsS ][m\ hmk-ÿew kz¿§-am-sW-∂mWv thZ-

]p-kvXIw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. eqs°mkv 1:19 ˛ ¬ ]d-bp-

∂p, "" Rm≥ ssZh-k-∂n-[nbn¬ \nev°p∂ K_n-tb¬

BIp-∂p...'' (eq-s°m. 15:10 Dw ImWp-I). ""kz¿§-

Ønse ZqX-∑m¿'' F∂ ]tbm-Khpw i≤n-°Ww

(aØm. 22:30). ""kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂v Hcp ZqX≥'' F∂pw

ImWp∂p (K-em. 1:8).

VII. ZqX-∑m-cpsS ipiq-j-Iƒ

A. `qX-Ime ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ

`qX-Im-e-Øn¬ ZqX-∑m¿ \n¿∆-ln® Imcy-ßƒ hni-

Z-am-°m-\m-hmØ hn[w Akw-Jy-am-Wv. Ah¿ krjvSn

I¿Ω-Øn\v ZrIvkm-£n-I-fm-bn-cp∂p (C-tøm. 38:7).


49

ank-bn-an¬ _m[-Isf Ab-bv°p-hm\pw \ymb-]-

amWw \¬Ip-∂-Xnepw Ah¿ klm-bn-I-fm-bn-cp∂p

(k-¶o. 78:43, 49; Kem. 3:19; F_m. 2:2). tbml-∂m≥

kv\m]-I-s‚bpw InkvXp-hn-s‚bpw P∑-ßƒ Ah¿

apºp-Iqń ]Jym-]n®p (eq-t°m. 1:11˛13; 26˛37).

I¿Ømhv t\cn´ ]-co-£-W-Ønepw KXvk-a\ tXm -

Ønepw Ahs\ i‡n-s∏-SpØn (a-Øm. 4:11; eqs°m.

22:43). Ah¿ Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂ev∏v ]Jym-]n-°p-Ibpw

(a-Øm. 28:1˛2-, 6) kz¿§m-tcm-lWw \nco-£n-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp (]-hrØn 1:10).

B. h¿Ø-am-\-Ime ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ

1. ZqX-∑m¿ hnizm-kn-Isf kwc-£n-°p-∂p. Imh¬°m-

cmb ZqX-∑m-cp-s≠∂v hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ Imc-W-ap-≠v.

Ah¿ Ft∏mgpw k∂n-ln-X-cm-sWt∂m Hmtcm

]tXyI ZqX≥ Hmtcm hnizm-kn°pw Ds≠t∂m

Adnbn√. F∂m¬ Hcp Imcyw \ap-°-dnbmw, ZqX-∑m¿

hnizm-kn-Isf A]-I-S-ß-fn¬ \n∂v kwc-£n-

°p∂hcmbn IqsS-bp-≠v.

btlm-h-bpsS ZqX≥ Ahs‚ `‡-∑m-cpsS

Np‰pw ]mf-b-an-dßn Ahsc hnSp-hn-°p∂p

(k-¶o. 34:8).

\ns‚ F√m hgn-I-fnepw \ns∂ Imt°-≠-

Xn\v Ah≥ \ns∂-°p-dn®v Xs‚ ZqX-∑m-tcmSv

Iev]n°pw \ns‚ Im¬ I√n¬ Xń-t∏m-Im-Xn-

cn-t°-≠-Xn∂p Ah¿ \ns∂ ssII-fn¬ hln-

®p-sIm≈pw (k-¶o. 9:11, 12).

""kz¿§-Øn¬ Ah-cpsS ZqX∑m¿ kz¿§-ÿ-

\mb Fs‚ ]nXm-hns‚ apJw Ft∏mgpw

ImWp∂p F∂p Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp ]d-bp∂p''

(a-Øm. 18:11).

Ah¿ Hs°bpw c£ ]m]n-∏m-\p-≈-h-cpsS

ipiq-jbv°p Ab-bv°-s∏-Sp∂ tkh-Im-

flm-°-f-√tbm? (F-_m. 1:14).

2. ssZhw ]m¿∞-\bv°v DØcw \¬Ip-tºmƒ AXv

]mh¿Øn-I-am°p-∂-h-cmWv ZqX-∑m¿. Zm\n-tb-ens‚

Pohn-X-Ønse Hcp D-Zm-l-c-W-amWv CXn\p sXfn-hv.

Zm\n-tb-ens‚ ]m¿∞-\-bn¬ aoJm-tb-ens\ klm-

bn-∏m≥ h∂-h-\mbn kqNn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p (Zm-\n. 10:13).

Cu ImeØpw ssZhw A]-Imcw Xs∂ ]h¿Øn-

°p∂p F∂v a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ F√m Imc-W-hp-ap-≠v.

\o G‰hpw ]nb-\m-I-bm¬ \ns‚ bmN-\-I-

fpsS Bcw- -Øn-¶¬ Xs∂ Iev]\ ]pd-s∏-

´p, \nt∂mSp Adn-bn-∏m≥ Rm≥ h∂p-an-cn-

°p-∂p.... (Zm-\n. 9:23).

BZy-Zn-hkw apX¬ \ns‚ hm°v tIń-cn-

°p∂p; \ns‚ hm°p tlXp-hmbn Xt∂

Rm≥ h∂n-cn-°p∂p (Zm\n. 10:12).

3. Bflm-°sf kz¿§-Øn-te-°m-\-bn-°p-∂-h-cmWv

ZqX-∑m¿. [\-hm-s‚bpw emk-dn-s‚bpw kw`hw hnizm-

kn-I-fpsS Bflm-°sf kz¿§-Øn-se-Øn-°p∂ ZqX-

∑m-cpsS ipiqj hy‡-am-°p-∂p.

B Zcn-Z≥ acn-®-t∏mƒ ZqX-∑m¿ Ahs\

A_-lm-ans‚ aSn-bn-te°p sIm≠p-t]mbn

(eq-s°m. 16:22).

4. uanI c-W-X-e-ß-fn¬ ZqX-∑m¿ Dƒs∏-Spw. hnip≤

ZqX-∑m-cnepw hoWp-t]mb ZqX-∑m-cnepw temI-cm-Py-

ßsf kzm[o -\n -°p -hm≥ th¿Xn -cn -°-s∏-´ -h¿

D≠mImw. ""]m¿kn cmPy-Øns‚ ]`p'' ""bh\ ]`p''

Fs∂ms° ImWp∂p (Zm-\n. 10:13, 20). hnip≤ ZqX-

\mb aoJm-tb¬ Ckm-tb-ens\ ]cn-]m-en-°p-hm≥

\ntbm-Kn-°-s∏- -h-\mWv (Zm-\n. 10:21; 12:1).

C. `mhn-Ime ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ

ZqX-∑m¿ DXv]m-]-W-Øn-¶¬ ][m\ ]¶p-h-ln°pw

(1 sX . 4:16). a\p-jy¿ Ahsc \ymbw hn[n°pw

(1 sImcn. 6:3). alm-]o-U-\-Im-eØv ssZhnI \ymb-

hn[n \S-∏n-em-°p-∂-Xn¬ ZqX-∑mcpw Dƒs∏Spw

(sh-fn. 8:2; 16:1). A¿Ω-sl-t±m≥ bp≤-Øn¬ ZqX-∑m-

cpsS ssk\yhpw D≠mIpw (sh-fn. 14:18˛19). temI-P-

\-Xsb \ymbw hn[n-°p-hm-\p≈ aS-ßn-h-c-hn-¶¬

Ah¿ InkvXp-hn-s\m∏w hcpw (a-Øm. 24:31; 25:31).

thZ-]p-kvX-I-Øns‚ Ah-km\- m-K-tØm-S-SpØv ]nim-

Nns\ _‘n®v ]mXm-f-Øn-em-°p∂ Hcp ZqX-s\-°p-

dn®v tbml-∂m≥ Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂p (sh-fn. 20:1˛2).


50


51

A≤ymbw 4

km‰mt\mfPnkmØms\∏‰nbp≈ D]tZiw

cq]tcJI. kmØms‚ AkvXnXzw

II. kmØms‚ hy‡nXzw

A. hy‡nXz LS-I-ßƒ

B. hy‡nXz k¿∆-\m-a-ßƒ

C. [m¿ΩnI DØ-c-hm-ZnØw

III.]nim-Nns‚ \ma-ßfpw \mahn-ti-j-W-ßfpw

A. eqkn-^¿

B. kmØm≥

C. ]nimNv

1. Ub-s_m-sem-kns‚ ]tbm-K-ßƒ

2. Ub-s_m-sem-kns‚ A¿∞w

D. ]gb ]mºv

E. kwlm-c-I≥

F. alm-k¿∏w

G. ZpjvS≥

H. s_en-bm¬

I. A- n-jn‡-\m-b asd-°p∂ sIcq_v

J. Cu temI-Øns‚ ]`p

K. BIm-i-Ønse A[n-Imcn

L. Cu temI-Øns‚ ssZhw

M.s_sb-s’-_q¬

N. ]co-£-I≥

O. ktlm-Z-c-∑msc Ip‰w Npa-Øp∂ A]-hmZn

IV.D¤hw, D¤-hm-hÿ, kmØms‚ BZy-]m]w

A. kmØms‚ D¤-hm-hÿ

B. kmØms‚ BZy-]m]w

C. kmØms‚ BZy-]m-]-Øns‚ ]cn-Wn-X --

^-eßƒ

D. kmØms‚ BZy- ]m-]hpw ZqX-∑m¿ t\cn´

]cn-WnX ê-ßfpw

E. kmØm≥ BZy-]m]w sNbvX -k-abw

V. kmØms‚ ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ

A. kmØms‚ `qX-Ime ]h¿Øn-Iƒ

1. BZm-an-t\mSpw l∆-tbmSpw \pW

]d™p

2. a\p-jy-h¿§sØ ZpjvS-cm-°p-hm≥ ian®p

3. Ctøm-_ns\ _m[n®p

4. aoJm-tb-ep-ambn t]mcmSn

5. bnkm-tb-en∂p hntcm-[-ambn \n∂p -

(Zmho-Zns‚ IW-s°-Sp-∏v)

6. tbmip-hsb Ip‰w NpaØn

7. InkvXp-hns\ ]co-£n®p

8. ]sXm-kns\ ]cn-tim-[n®p, bqZmsb

A[o-\-X-bn-em°n

9. ]utem-kns\ XS- -s∏-SpØn

10. A\-\ym-kn-s\bpw kô-d-sbbpw

kzm[o-\n®v \pWw ]d-bn®p

B. kmØms‚ h¿Ø-am-\-Ime ]h¿Øn-Iƒ

1. Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS a\ p Ipcp-Sm-°p∂p

a. I]-S- a-X-ß-fm¬

(1) Zpc-p]-tZ-i-ß-fm¬

(2) I≈ ipiq-j-I-∑m-cm¬

(3) FXn¿ InkvXp-°-fm¬

(4) hymP- hn-izm-kn-I-fm¬

(5) hymP- kp-hn-ti-j-Øm¬

(6) hymP- i-‡n-bm¬

b. ssIkvXh hncp≤

aX-ß-fm¬

(1) ùXnI hmZw

(2) kpJm-\p- qXn

(3) Bflm-°sf Bcm-[n-°p∂ coXn

(a) t\cn v kmØms\ Bcm-[n-°¬

(b)hnK-lm-cm-[\

(c) kzbm-cm-[-\, a\pjy-h¿K-t]aw

2. kmØm≥ ssZh-P-\sØ FXn¿°p∂p

a. ]co-£-I-fn-eqsS

(1) ùXn-I -Im-cy-ß-fm¬

(2) A[m¿Ωn-I-X-bm¬

(3) Al-¶-cn-°p-hm≥

(4) \pW ]d-bp-hm-\p≈ t]cW

(5) kwi-bn-°p-hm≥

b. `n∂X krjvSn®v

c. A]-hmZw ]d™v

52

d. InkvXob t\Xr-Xz-Øn-em-bn-cn-°p-∂-

hsc XI¿Øv

e. Ahn-izm-kn-Isf k -bn¬ ]th-in∏n®v

f. imco-cnI Akz-ÿ-I-fm¬

g. A[n-Im-cn-I-fn¬ \n∂p≈ -

]oU-\-ßfm¬

h. s]mXp-hmb Imcy-ß-fn-eqsS: I≈w

hymP A¤pXw

C. kmØms‚ `mhn ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ

km‰mt\mfPn:km-Øms\∏‰nbp≈

D]-tZiw

I. kmØms‚ AkvXnXzw

]g-b- \n-b-a-Øn¬ ]nim-Nn-s\-∏‰n FSp-Øp-]-d-bp-∂n-

s√-¶nepw Ahs‚ AkvXnXzw Dd-∏n-°p-hm≥ [mcmfw

kqN-\-I-fp-≠v. ]nim-Nn\v XØp-ey-amb F_m-b-]Zw

C√. aq∂p ]g-b-\n-b-a- `m-K-ß-fn¬ GI-tZiw ]Xn-

\mdp ]mhiyw ssZh-Øns‚ ZpjvS iXp-hmbn

kmØm≥ F∂ ]tbmKw D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p≠v (1 Zn\.

21:1; Ctøm. 1˛2; skJ. 3). Dev]Øn 3˛ se ]mºns\

kmØm≥ F∂v ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ hnfn-®n- n-s√-¶nepw

shfn-∏mSv 12: 9˛¬ \n∂v hy‡-amWv B ]mºv kmØm-

\m-Wv, kmØms‚ AkvXn-XzsØ ]pXn-b-\n-baw

hy‡-ambn hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p. F√m ]pXnb \nba

Fgp-Øp-Imcpw ""]nimNv'' As√-¶n¬ ""kmØm≥''

F∂p-]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v. Ccp-]-Øn-tb-gnse ]sØm-ºXv

]pkvX-I-ß-fnepw ]nimNv F∂ \maw Xs∂ D]-tbm-

Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Ccp-]-Øn-aq∂p ]pkvX-I-ß-fn¬

]nimNv, Aip-≤m-flmhv Fs∂ms° ImWmw. GI-

tZiw Ccp-]-Øn-b©p ]mhiyw I¿Ømhv ]nim-Nn-

s\-∏‰n kwkm-cn-®n- p-≠v.1 InkvXp-hn-s\bpw thZ-]p-

kvX-I-Øns‚ B[n-Im-cn-I-X-sbbpw BZ-cn-°p-∂-

h¿°v kmØms‚ AkvXnXzw ]cn-l-cn-°-s∏´ Hcp

hnj-b-am-Wv.

II. kmØms‚ hy‡nXzw

""kmØm≥'' Hcp hy‡n-b-s√∂pw tIhew Hcp

i‡ntbm kzm[o-\tam amX-am-sW∂pw Nn¥n-°p-∂-

h-cp-≠v. ]m]w, ]co-£-Ww F∂o hm°p-I-fpsS ]cym-

b-]-Z-ambpw kmØm≥ ]e-t∏mgpw \ne-sIm-≈p-∂p.

kmØm≥ Hcp hy‡n-bm-sW∂v Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-Iƒ

]Tn-∏n-°p∂p.

A. hy‡nXz LS-I-ßƒ

kmØm\v _p≤n -i-‡n-bp -≠v. Ah≥ ⁄m\

kºq¿Æ-\mWv (sb-l. 28:12, 17), Iui-e-ap-≈-h\pw

NXn-°p-∂-h-\p-amWv (D-ev]. 3:1; 2 sImcn. 11:3; shfn.

12:9). kmØm\v hnIm-c-ß-fp-≠v. Ah\v ""alm-tIm[w''

D≠mIpw (sh-fn. 12:12). kmØm\v C—m-i-‡n-bp-≠v.

]co-£-I≥ F∂ \ne-bn¬, Ah≥ Xnc-s™-Sp-∏p-

Isf kzm[o-\n-°p-hm≥ ian-°p∂p (D-Zm. eqt°m. 4:

3, 9). ]tbm-P-\-an -s√-∂-dn -™n´pw ssZhsØ

FXn¿°p-∂-Xn¬ Ah≥ hfsc Zp¿hm-in-°m-c-\m-bn-

cn°pw (sh-fn. 20:7˛9).

B. hy‡nXz k¿∆-\m-a-ßƒ

kmØms\ kqNn-∏n-°p-hm≥ thZ-]p-kvXIw hnhn[

k¿∆-\m-a-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂p (a-Øm. 4:10; tbml.

8:44; 2 sImcn. 11:14˛15).

C. [m¿ΩnI DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw

Poh-\n-√mØ hkvXp-°ƒ BtcmSpw IS-s∏-´n-´n-√,

B¿°pw IW°p sImSp-t°-≠-Xp-an-√. Poh-\p-≈-h¿

amXsa [m¿ΩnI \ymb-hy-h-ÿnXnI-fn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-

I-bp-≈q. kmØm≥ Xs‚ Ip‰-ßƒ°v in£n-°-s∏-

Sp-hm≥ t]mhp-I-bmWv (a-Øm. 25:41; tbml. 12:31; 16:11).

III. ]nim-Nns‚ \ma-ßfpw \ma-hn-ti-j-W-ßfpw

A. eqkn- ¿ (sb-i. 14:12˛14)

XØp-ey-amb F_m-b-]Zw slse¬ ˛s‚ A¿∞w

""]`'', ""Acp-tWm-Zb ]pX≥'' ""DZ-b-\-£Xw'' Fs∂m-

s°-bm-Wv. sb»-ømhv 14- ¬ kmØms\ kw_-‘n®

Nne kqN-\-Iƒ ImWmw ( Cu Xmc-Xayw AwKo-I-cn-

°m-Ø-h-cp --ap -≠v). sbi. 14 kmØm-s\-°p-dn-®m-sW-

¶n¬ ""Acp-tWm-Z-b-]-X≥'' F∂ hnti-jWw

Ahs‚ bYm¿∞ al-Xz-]-Xm-]sØ shfn-s∏-Sp-

Øp∂p. _m_n-tem-Wnse cmPmhns\ kw_-‘n-®-

Xm-sW∂pw kmØm-s\-∏-‰n-bp≈ kqN-\-b-s√∂p

h®m¬ t]mepw ""shfn® ZqX≥'' F∂ ]utem-kns‚

]tbmKw Ahs‚ al-XzsØ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p

(2 sImcn. 11:14).

Acp-tWm-Z-b-]p-X-\mb ipIm, \o Fßs\

BIm-iØp \n∂p hoWp... (sb-i. 14:12).

B. kmØm≥

kmØm≥ F∂ F_m-b-]-Z-Øn\v ""FXn -- cmfn'',

""]Xn-tbmKn'' Fs∂ms° A¿∞-ap≠v. ]g-b -\n-b-a-

Øn¬ Ccp-]-Øn-b©p ]mh-iyhpw(]Xn\mdp

]mhiyhpw kmØm≥ F∂n hy‡ambn) ]pXn-b -

\n-b-a-Øn¬ ap∏-Øn-bmdp ]mh-iyhpw Cu ]Zw


1 C.Fred Dickason, Angels Elect and Evil (Chicago: Moody Press,1975)116.

53

D]tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. 2 kmØm≥ F∂ \maw

""]XntbmKn'' F∂¿∞-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-

∂Xn¬ \n∂v kmØms‚ kz`mhw hy‡-am-Wv.

Ah≥ t]mIp-∂Xp sIm≠p ssZh-Øns‚

tIm]w Pzen®p; btlm-h-bpsS ZqX≥ hgn-bn¬

Ah∂p ]Xn-tbm-Kn-bmbn \n∂p (F-_m.

kmØm≥)...(kw-Jy. 22:22; 32 Dw ImWp-I).

.... bp≤-Øn¬ Ah≥ \ap°p tZmln-bmbn

(F-_m. kmØm≥) Xo¿t∂°mw (1 iaq. 29:4).

kmØm≥ Ahs\ Ip‰w Npa -Øp-hm≥

(F_m. kmØm≥) A-h-s‚.... (sk-J. 3:1).

C. ]nimNv

]nimNv F∂ ]tbmKw ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn-en-√. ]pXn-b-

\n-b-a-Øn¬ ap∏-Øn-sb´p ]mhiyw ImWp-∂p.

AXn¬ ap∏-Øn-b©p Xh-Wbpw Hcp hy‡n-sb-°p-

dn-®mWv ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. shfn. 12:9 ¬ kmØm\pw

]nimNpw Hcp hy‡n-bm-sW∂v hy‡-am-°p-∂p.

aØm. 4:1˛11; a¿s°m. 4:15; eqs°m. 8:12 hmIy-ß-fnepw

CXv ImWp-∂p. Ub-s_msemkv F∂ Ko°p ]Zw

""Ub-t_m-fn-°¬'' F∂ [mXp-hn¬ \n∂p-≠m-b-Xm-

Wv. ]nimNv F∂ \ma-Øn-s‚- A¿∞w ""A]-hmZn''

AYhm ""Zqj-I≥'' F∂mWv. shfn. 12:10˛¬ ]nim-

Nns\ ""Ip‰w Npa-Øp∂ A]-hmZn'' F∂v hnfn-®n-cn-

°p-∂p. ""Ub-t_m-semkns‚'' A¿∞w kmØms‚

bYm¿∞ kz`m-hsØ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

1. Ub-s_m-sem-kns‚ ]tbm-K-ßƒ

....GjWn ]d-bmsX (Ko. Ub-s_m-sem-kv)...

(1 Xnsam. 3:11).

A¥y-Im-eØp Zp¿L-S-k-a-b-ßƒ hcpw F∂-

dn-I. a\p-jy¿.... hºp ]d-bp-∂-hcpw (Ko. Ub-

s_m-sem-kv) (2 Xnsam. 3:1˛3).

... \S-∏n¬ ]hnX tbmKycpw GjWn ]d-bm-

Ø-hcpw (Ko. Ubs_msem-kv) (Xo-sØm. 2:3).

2. Ub-s_m-sem-kns‚ A¿∞w

Ub A¿∞w ""CSbneqsS'' Hcp hrØ-Øns‚ a≤y-

Øp-IqSn IS-∂p-t]m-Ip∂ tcJ-t]mse. s_msemkv

F∂m¬ Fdn-bp-I, CXv _mtem-bp-ambn _‘-s∏- n-

cn-°p-∂p. Hcp Ub-s_m-tem-kv, hmkvX-h-Øn¬ hm°p-

Iƒs°m≠p Nm´pfo hoip-∂-h-t\m, Bfp-Isf

XΩn¬ sX‰n-°p-hm≥ ]mc-sh-°p-∂-ht\m BWv.

XΩn¬ ]ncn-°p-hm≥ \pW-Iƒ N-a®v A]-hmZw ]d-

bp∂ hy‡n-bm-Wv. hnizm-kn-Iƒ ssZh-tØmSv

AIep-hm≥, ktlm-Z-c-∑m¿ XΩn¬ ]ncn-bp-hm≥,

kzbw OnZn-°s∏Sp-hm≥ ]nimNv BK-ln-°p-∂p.

D. ]gb ]mºv (sh-fn. 12:9; 20:2).

shfn∏mSv 12: 9; 20: 2 hmIy-ß-fn¬ ]nim-Nns\ ]gb

]mºv F∂p hnfn-°p-∂-Xn-eqsS Dev]. 3 se hogvN-

bp-ambn tbml-∂m≥ _‘-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-Wv. BZysa

Xs∂-bp≈ ]nim-Nns‚ kz`mh KpWsØ Hm¿Ωn-∏n-

°p-∂p. ]nimNv X¥-im-enbpw NXn-b-\p-am-Wv. ]tem-

`n-∏n®v sX‰n-°p-∂-h-\m-Wv. Ah≥ kXysØ hf-s®m-

Sn-°p-hm≥ ka¿∞-\mWv (D-ev]. 3:1; 2 sImcn. 11:3;

1 Xnsam. 2:14). ssZhsØ sX‰mbn D≤-cn-°p-hm\pw

anSp-°-\mWv (D-ev]. 3: 1; aØm. 4:6).

Ah≥ ]nimNpw kmØm\pw F∂p≈ ]gb

]mºmb alm-k¿∏sØ ]nSn®p Bbncw

Bt≠°p Nß-e-bn´p (sh-fn. 20:2).

E. kwlm-c-I≥

shfn. 9:11˛¬ ]nim-Nns‚ c≠p \ma-ßƒ F_mb,

Ko°v `mj-I-fn¬ tbml-∂m≥ \¬Ip-∂p.

F_mb `mj-bn¬ A_-t±m≥ F∂pw Ko°n¬

As∏m-√p-thm≥ F∂p-am-Wv. c≠n-s‚bpw A¿∞w

kwlm-c-I≥ AYhm \in-∏n-°p-∂-h≥ F∂m-Wv.

]nimNv ssZh-sØbpw ssZh-cm-Py-sØbpw \in-∏n-

°p-hm≥ BK-ln-°p∂p. F∂m¬ hmkvX-h-Øn¬,

Ah≥ kz¥w \mi-Øn\pw Xs∂ A\p-K-an-°p-∂-

hcpsS \mi-Øn-\pap≈ ]mX Hcp-°n-s°m-≠n-cn-

°pI-bm-Wv.

AKm-[-Zq -X≥ AXn\p cmPm-hm-bn -cp∂p;

Ah∂p F_mb `mj-bn¬ A_-t±m≥

F∂pw bh-\-`m-j-bn¬ As∏m-√p-thm≥

F∂pw t]¿ (sh-fn. 9:11).

F. alm-k¿∏w (shfn. 12:3, 7, 9).

alm-k¿∏-sa∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ Xs∂ ]nimNv Hcp

kwlm-c-I≥ BsW∂ NnX-amWv In´p-∂-Xv. Ah≥

\njvTp-c\pw arKob kz`m-h-ap-≈-h-\p-am-Wv. Ah≥

Ipe-]m-X-I-\pam-Wv.

`qX-esØ apgp-h≥ sX‰n®p If-bp∂ ]nimNpw

kmØm\pw F∂ alm-k¿∏-amb ]gb

]mºns\ qan-bn-te°p X≈n-°-f™p; Ahs‚

ZqX-∑m-scbpw Ah-t\m-Sp-IqsS X≈n-°-f™p

(sh-fn. 12:9).

G. ZpjvS≥ (tbm-l. 17:15; 1 tbml. 5:18˛19)

hnX-bv°p-∂-hs‚ D]-a-bn¬ \n∂v ZpjvSs\ kmØm-

km‰mt\mfPn: km-Øms\∏‰nbp≈ D]-tZiw

2 k¶o. 109: 6 Dw tN¿°mw

54

\mbn a\- n-em-°p-hm-\mIpw (cf. a-Øm. 13:19; 38˛39

a¿s°m. 4:15; eqs°m. 8:12). kmØm≥ tIhew

ZpjvSX \nd-™-h≥ amX-a-√, adn®v ZpjvS-Xsb

AXns‚ D∂-Xn-bn-se-Øn-°p-hm≥ BK-ln-°p-

∂h\pw, a‰p-≈-hsc kzm[o-\n®v Xs‚ ZpjvS he-b-

Øn-\p-≈n¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-hm≥ t]cn-∏n-°p-∂-h-\p-am-Wv.

Ah≥ Hcp Zpjn-®-h-\m-Wv.

\mw ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂p-≈-h¿ F∂p \mw Adn-

bp-∂p. k¿∆-tem-Ihpw ZpjvSs‚ A[o-\-X-bn¬

InS-°p∂p (1 tbml. 5:19).

H. s_en-bm¬ (2 sImcn. 6:15)

F_mb ]tbm-K-amb t_en-bm-ens‚ A¿∞w

""\n m-cX'' AYhm ""aqeyc-lnXw'' F∂m-Wv. ]pXn-

b-\n-a-bIm-eØv CXv kmØms‚ Hcp t]cmbn-

Xo¿∂p. ssZhnI ho£-W-Øn¬ ]nim-Nns‚ kz`m-

h-amWv Cu t]cv \ap°v ]d™p Xcp-∂-Xv. Ah≥

H´pw Xs∂ ""aqey-an-√m-Ø-h-\m-Wv.''

InkvXp-hn\pw s_en-bm-en\pw XΩn¬ F¥p

s]mcpØw? (2 sImcn. 6:15).

I. A- n-jn-‡-\m-b asd-°p∂ sIcq_v (sbslkvtI¬

28:14, 16)

A`n-jn-‡-\mb sIcq_v F∂ \ne-bn¬ kmØm≥

ZqX-K-W-ß-fpsS Iq -Øn¬ G‰hpw D∂-Xn-bn¬ hncm-

Nn-®n-cp-∂-h-\mWv. Hcp sIcq-_m-bn-cp∂ Ah≥ ssZh-

k-∂n-[n-bpsS Imh¬°m-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p. sbsl. 28:11˛19

se hnjbw kmØm-\m-sW-∂mWv ]apJ hymJym-

Xm-°-sf√mw Xs∂ ]d-bp-∂Xv. As√-¶n¬ Cu A`n-

jn-‡-\mb sIcq_v Bsc∂v Xncn-®-dn-bm-\m-hn-√.

\o NndIp hnS¿Øn asd-°p∂(anointed)

sIcq_v BIp-∂p.. (sb-sl. 28:14).

J. Cu temI-Øns‚ ]`p (tbm-l. 12:31; 14:30; 16:11).

hoWp-t]mb ZqX-∑mcpw c£n-°-s∏-SmØ a\p-jycpw

AS-ßnb Hcp ZpjvSm-fl-tk-\-bpsS Xe-h-\mWv

]nimNv. ssZhw A\p-h-Zn-°p∂ ]cn-an-Xn-Iƒ°p-≈n¬

amXsa hnl-cn-°p-hm≥ Bhp-I-bp-≈p-sh-¶nepw

(Ctøm. 1˛2; 2 sX . 2:6). Hcp Xc-Øn¬ kmØm-

\mWv Cu temIsØ `cn-°p-∂-Xv. c£n-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-

h-cpsS ]nXm-hmWv ]nim-Nv (tbm-l. 8:44). temIw apgp-

h≥ Ahs‚ A[o-\-X-bn-emWv (1 tbml. 5:19). temI

cmPy-ß-fp-sS-ta¬ BXy-¥nI \nb-¥n-Xmhv ssZhw

Xs∂-bmWv (Zm-\n. 4:17; tdma. 13:1˛4). AtX kabw,

]m]-Øns‚ kzm[o-\-Øm¬ ]nim-Nn\pw temI-Øn-

s‚- ta¬ Aev]w \nb-¥-W-ap≠v (a-Øm. 4:8˛9; Zm\n.

10:13). ]nim-Nns‚ ]h¿Øn-Isf XI¿°p-hm-\mWv

InkvXp temI-Øn-te°v h∂Xv (1 tbml. 3:8; F_m.

2:14˛15).-tbm-l-∂m≥ 12:31˛¬ Ah-\m-bn-cn°pw a\- n-

ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv.

Ct∏mƒ Cu temI-Øns‚ \ymb-hn[n

BIp∂p; Ct∏mƒ Cu temI-Øns‚ ]`p-

hns\ ]pdØp X≈n-°-fbpw (tbm-l. 12:31).

K. BIm-i-Øns‚ A[n-Imcn (F-s^. 2:2).

Cu Bflm-hns\ Xncn-®-dn-bp-hm≥ ]nim-Np-X-s∂-

bmWv IrXy-amb hy‡n. `qan-bpsS taep≈ \nb-

¥Ww ]cn-an-X-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ ]nimNv Xs‚

`c-W-h-e-b-Øn-\p-≈n¬ Cu A¥-co-£hpw BIm-

ihpw Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]q¿Æm-[n-Imcw Cs√-

¶nepw Ahn-sSsb√mw Ah≥ hncm-Nn-°p-∂p. ZqX-∑m¿

XΩn-ep≈ kwL- -\-Øns‚ Zriy-am-WnXv (Zm-\n. 10).

... Cu temI-Øns‚ Ime-K-Xn-sbbpw BIm-

i-Ønse A[n-Im-c-Øn-\pw.. Bflm-hn\pw

A[n-]-Xn-bm-b-h-s\bpw A\p-k-cn®p \S∂p

(F-s^. 2:2).

L. Cu temI-Øns‚ AYhm bpK-Øns‚ ssZhw

(2 sImcn. 4:4).

Cu ]tXyI Ime-L- -Øn¬ A[o-\X sNep-Øp∂

hy‡n ]nim-Nm-Wv. Cu temI-Øns‚ ssZhw F∂

hnti-jWw Ah-\mWv tNcp-∂-Xv. Ah-\mWv Bcm-

[\ BK-ln-®-h≥ (a-Øm. 4:9). kphn-tijw hniz-

kn-°p-∂-Xn\p XS- -ambn Ah≥ \ne-sIm-≈p∂p

(a¿s°m. 4:15), temIsØ \nb-¥n-°p∂p (1 tbml.

5:19). kmØm\y bpK-am-bn- mWv ssZhw Cu Ime-

L- sØ hnti-j-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. thZ-]p-kvXI hncp-≤-

amb kIe kº-Zm-b-ß-sfbpw t\cn´pw A√m-sXbpw

kmØm-s\bpw kmØm\y Bcm-[-\-sbbpw t]m’m-

ln-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

Cu temI-Øns‚ (bp-Kw) ssZhw Ahn-izm-

kn-I-fpsS a\ p Ipcp-Sm°n (2 sImcn. 4:4).

M. s_tbm-s’-_q¬, `qX-ß-fpsS Xe-h≥ (a-Øm.

12:24; eqs°m. 11:15)

]pcm-X\ F_m-b¿ Hcp s^enkvXy tZhs\ ""_m¬

sk-_q_v'' F∂p hnfn-®n-cp∂p (2 cmPm. 1:2). ""Cu®-

I-fpsS Xºp-cm≥'' F∂m-Wv B t]cn-\¿∞w. Nne-

t∏mƒ B tZhs\ \nµy-ambn kwt_m-[\ sNbvX-

Xm-bn-cn-°pw, Hcp F_mb t`Z-K-Xn. ]pXn-b- \n-b-aØn¬

""s_sb-s’-_q¬'' F∂v hy‡-ambn hmbn°mw.

""Cu®-I-fpsS Xºp-cm≥'' F∂p-Xs∂ thsdmcp Xc-

Øn¬ hnfn-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂v ]d-bp-∂-h-cp-≠v. F∂m¬,

""\nhmk tZh≥'' F∂pw \njv]m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. B


55

tZhs‚ t]cv s_sb-s’-_q¬ F∂p Xs∂bmbn-

cp∂psh∂v Nn¥n-°p-∂-Xm-Wp-Ø-aw, \nµy-ambn

_m¬sk-_q_v F∂p hnfn-®p F∂v amXw. aØm.

10:25 ""ho´p-S-b-h≥'' F∂ A¿∞w Cu t]cn\v

\¬Ip∂p. aØm. 12 epw eqs°m 11 epw s_sb-s’-

_q-ens\ kqNn-∏n-®-tijw ""OnZn-°-s∏´ `h\''

sØ°p-dn®v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. ""`qX-ß-fpsS Xe-h≥''

F∂pw Ahs\ hnti-jn-∏n-°p-∂p. s_sb-s’-_q¬

F∂p hnfn-°-s∏´ tijw adp-]-Sn-bmbn I¿Ømhv

]nim-Nn-s\-°p-dn®v ]d-bp-∂p. Cu Imc-W-Øm¬,

s_sb-s’-_q¬ F∂Xv ]nim-Nns‚ Hcp t]cmbn

]cn-K-Wn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. ]nim-Nns‚ ]Xn-cq-]-ß-fmb

tZh-∑m-cn¬ Hcp-hs\ ]nim-Nns‚ t]cv tN¿Øv ]pcm-

X\ blq-Z¿ hnfn-s®∂p amXw.

Ah-cn¬ Nnetcm: `qX-ß-fpsS Xe-h-\mb

s_sb-’-_q-se-s°m-≠m-Ip∂p Ah≥ `qX-

ßsf ]pd -Øm-°p∂Xv F∂p ]d™p

(eq-t°m. 11:15).

N. ]co-£-I≥ (a-Øm. 4:3; 1 sX . 3:5)

CXv ]nim-Nn\p \¬Ip∂ hnti-j-W-amWv. Ahs‚

ASn-ÿm\]c-amb Hcp ]hr-Ønsb CXv kqNn-∏n-

°p-∂p. Ahs‚ ]co-£Ww ZpjvSX ]h¿Øn-°p-

hm-\p≈ ]tem-`-\hpw ]cm-Pbw kΩ-Xn-∏n°p-hm-

\p≈ Hcp ia-hp-am-Wv.

At∏mƒ ]co-£-I≥ ASpØp h∂p; \o

ssZh-]p-X≥ F¶n¬ Cu I√p A∏-ambn Xocp-

hm≥ Iev]n° F∂p ]d™p (a-Øm. 4:3).

O. ktlm-Z-c-∑msc Ip‰w Npa-Øp∂ A]-hmZn

(shfn. 12:10)

Ub-t_m-semkv F∂ \ne-bn¬ Cu hnti-jWw

]nim-Nns‚ kz`m-h-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p.

""tImX-ºp-t]mse ]m‰p∂'' ]h¿Øn-bp-ambn CXn\p

_‘-ap-≠mImw (eqs°m. 22:31). hnizm-kn-I-fpsS Pohn-

X-Ønse Ipd-hp-Iƒ apg-∏n®p ImWn-°p-hm≥ ]nimNv

CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂p. Aß-s\-bp≈ A]-hm-Z-ßfm¬ Xcw

XmgvØp-hm\pw \ncp-’m-l-s∏-S-Øphm\pw Ah\v

Ignbpw.

At∏mƒ Rm≥ kz¿§-Øn¬ Hcp alm-i_vZw

]d-™p tI´Xp: Ct∏mƒ \ΩpsS ssZh-

Øns‚ c£bpw i‡nbpw cmPyhpw Ahs‚

InkvXp-hns‚ B[n-]-Xyhpw XpS-ßn-bn-cn-

°p∂p. \ΩpsS ktlm-Z-c-∑msc cm∏-I¬

ssZh-k-∂n-[n-bn¬ Ip‰w-Np-a-Øp∂ A]-hm-

Znsb X≈n-°-f-™p-ht√m (sh-fn. 12:10).

IV. D¤-hw, D¤m-hm-h-ÿ, kmØms‚ BZy-

]m]w

A. kmØms‚ D¤m-hÿ

btlm-h-bpsS Acp-f-∏mSv F\n-°p-≠m-b-sX-

s¥-∂m¬: ""a\p-jy-]p-Xm, \o tkm¿ cmPm-hn-

s\-°p-dn®p Hcp hnem]w XpSßn Ah-t\mSp

]d-tb-≠Xv: btlm-h-bmb I¿Ømhp C]-

Imcw Acp-fn-s®-øp∂p! \o amXrIm apZ-bm-

Ip∂p; \o ⁄m\-k-ºq¿Æ\pw kuµcy

kºq¿Æ\pw Xs∂. \o ssZh-Øns‚ tXm -

amb GsZ-\n¬ Bbn-cp∂p; Xma-a-Wn, ]oX -

cXv\w, hPw, ]pjv]-cmKw, tKmta-Z-Iw, kqcy-

Im-¥w, \oe-°-√p, amWnIyw, ac-XIw apX-emb

kI-e-c-Xv\-ßfpw \ns∂ aqSn-bn-cp-∂p. \ns∂

Xo¿Ø-\m-fn¬ \n∂n¬ D≈ XS-ß-fp-sSbpw

IqSpI-fp-sSbpw ]Wn s]m∂p sIm≠p-≈-Xm-

bn-cp-∂p. \o NndIp hnS¿Øn asd-°p∂

sIcq_v BIp-∂p. Rm≥ \ns∂ hnip-≤-tZh

]¿∆-X-Øn¬ Ccp-Øn-bn-cp-∂p; \o A·n-ab cY-

ß-fpsS at≤y k©-cn®p t]m∂p. \ns∂

krjvSn® \mƒap-X¬ \n¶¬ \oXn-tISp I≠-

Xp-hsc \o \S-∏n¬ \njvI-f-¶-\m-bn-cp-∂p.

\ns‚ hym]m-c-Øns‚ s]cp∏w \nanØw \ns‚

A¥¿`mKw kmlkw sIm≠p-\n-d™p \o

]m]w sNbvXp; AXp-sIm≠p Rm≥ \ns∂

Aip-≤≥ F∂p FÆn tZh-]¿∆-X--Øn¬

\n∂p X≈n-°-f™p; asd-°p∂ sIcq-t_,

Rm≥ \ns∂ A·n-a-b-c-Y-ßfpsS at≤y \n∂p

apSn-®p-I-f™p. \ns‚ kuµcyw \nanØw

\ns‚ lrZbw K¿∆n-®p, \ns‚ ] - \n-anØw

\o \ns‚ ⁄m\sØ hj-fm°n; Rm≥ \ns∂

\neØp X≈n-bn- p, cmPm-°-∑m¿ \ns∂ I≠p

ckn-°-Ø-°-hÆw \ns∂ Ah-cpsS apºn¬

C´p-I-f -™p. \ns‚ AIr-Xy-_m-lpeyw

sIm≠pw \ns‚ hym]m-c-Øns‚ \oXn-tI-Sp-

sIm≠pw \o \ns‚ hnip-≤-a-µn-c-ßsf Aip-

≤-am°n; AXp-sIm≠v Rm≥ \ns‚ \Sp-hn¬

\n∂p Hcp Xo ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn°pw; AXp \ns∂

Zln-∏n-®p-I-f-bpw, PmXn-I-fn¬ \ns∂ Adn-bp-

∂-h-sc-√m-hcpw \ns∂ I≠p kvXw`n®p

t]mIpw; \n\°p ioL-\miw hn-®n´p \o kZm-

Im-e-tØ°pw C√m-sX-bmIpw'' (sb-sl.

28:11˛19).

kmØm≥ Hcp krjvSn-bm-sW∂pw Ah≥ ]m]-an-√m-

sX-bmWv krjvSn-°-s∏-´-sX∂pw bp‡n-]-c-ambn

Kln°mw. ssZhw kI-ehpw krjvSn®p F∂v thZ-


56

]p-kvXIw hy‡-am-°p-∂p (tbm-l. 1:3; sImsem. 1:16

˛17), ZqX-∑mcpw krjvSn-bn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp∂p (k-¶o. 148:

2˛5). ssZhw ]m]-an-√m-sX-bmWv kI-e-sØbpw

krjvSn-®-sX hkvXpXbpw bp‡n-`-Z-amWv. AXn-

\m¬, Xncp-sh-gp-Ønse GsX-¶nepw `mK-an-√msX

Xs∂ kmØms‚ krjvSnsb kw_-‘n®pw ]m]-

sØ-°p-dn®pw Kln-°p-hm-\m-Ipw.

kmØms‚ D¤-h-sØ-°p-dn®v sbsl-kvt°¬ 28

FSpØp ]d-bp-∂-Xm-bn-cn°pw. sbsl. 28: 11˛19

kmØm-s\-b√ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ B mKw hni-

Zo-I-cn-°m-\m-hmØ hn[w \nKq-U-am-Ipw. c≠p

]mhiyw Ahs\ sIcq_v F∂v hnfn-®n-cn-°p∂p

(hmIyw 14, 16) ""\ns∂ krjvSn-® \mƒap-X¬....

\njvI-f-¶-\m-bn-cp∂p'' F∂v sbl., 28:15 ]d-bp∂p.

a‰p `mK-ß-fn¬ kmØms\ ZqX-∑m-tcmSp _‘-s∏-Sp-

Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p (D-Zm.-aØm 25:41; shfn. 12:7, 9). Ah-

sc-t∏mse Ah\pw Hcp krjvSn-bmWv.

Hcp ZqX-\m-bn-cp∂ kmØm\v ZqX-∑m-cpsS kIe

KpW-ßfpw ]mcw-`-Øn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ct∏mgpw

At\I KpW-ß-fp-s≠-¶nepw Ahs‚ hnip≤n \jvS-

s∏- p. Aam-\p-jn-I-amb _p≤n-tbmSpw i‡ntbm-Spw-

IqsS ]m]-an-√m-Ø Hcp Bflm-hm-bn-´mWv Ah≥

krjvSn-°-s∏´-Xv. Ct∏mgpw kmØm≥ kpµ-c\pw

(2 sImcn. 11: 14˛15) i‡-\p-amWv (bq-Zm. 9).

ZqX-\m-bn-cps∂∂p amX-a√ ZqX-∑m-cpsS a≤y-Øn¬

kap-∂X ]Z-hn-bn¬ (A- n-jn-‡-\m-bn-cp∂ sIcq-_v)

hncm-Nn-®n-cp-∂-h-\p-am-Wv. Ah≥ Imh¬°m-c-\m-bn-

cp∂ ZqX-s\∂v sbsl-kvt°¬ 28 ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p (hm.

14, 16 "asd-°p-∂p'), Ah≥ ⁄m\ kºq¿Æ\pw

kuµcy kºq¿Æ-\p-am-bn-cp∂p (hm. 12), ]dp-Zo-k-

bn-emWv hkn-®n-cp-∂Xv (hm. 13), ]m]-an-√m-sX-bmWv

krjvSn-°-s∏- Xv (hm. 15), aoJ-tb¬ kmØm-t\m-Sp≈

bp≤-Øn¬ Pbn-°p-sa-¶nepw (sh-fn. 12:7) kmØm≥

Ah-t\mSp XØp-eyt\m As√-¶n¬ Ah-s\-°mƒ

Db¿∂-ht\m BWv (bq-Zm. 9).-kr-jvSn-°-s∏´ Pohn-

I-fn¬ kmØm≥ BWv AXn-_p-≤n-am\pw AXn-

i‡\pw.

B . kmØms‚ BZy-]m]w

kmØms‚ ]m]sØ kw_-‘n®v t\cn- p≈ Xncp-

sh-gpØv `mK-ß-fn-en-s√-¶nepw bp‡n-bpsS klm-b-

Øm¬ Aßs\ Hcp ]m]aps≠∂ \nK-a-\-Øn-se-

Øp-hm≥ km[n-°pw. sbsl. 28 Hcp-]s£ Nne

]tXyI Imcy-ßƒ hy‡-am-°p-∂p. thZ-]p-kvX-I-

Øn¬ kmØms‚ BZy-]m-]sØ hy‡-am-°p∂ Htc

Hcp thZ-`m-K-am-WnXv. 3 Ahs‚ BZy-]m]w ASn-

ÿm\-]-c-amb Alw-`mhw Bbn-cp-s∂∂v sbsl.

28:17 ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p ( 1 Xnsam. 3:6 Dw ImWp-I).

\ns‚ kuµcyw \nanØw \ns‚ lrZbw K¿∆n-

®p, \ns‚ ]`\n-anØw \o \ns‚ ⁄m\sØ

hj-fm-°n (sb-sl. 28:17).

C. kmØms‚ BZy- ]m-]hpw ]cn-Wn-X- -e-ßfpw

""tZh-]¿∆-X-Øn¬'' \n∂v kmØms\ ""X≈n-bn´p''

sh∂v sbl. 28:16- 17 hmIy-ßƒ hy‡-am-°p-∂p. Hcp

sIcq-_m-bn-cp∂v ssZh-k-∂n-[n-bn¬ Imh¬°m-c-\m-

bn-cp-∂-h≥ Xs‚ D≈n¬ D¤-hn® Al-¶m-c-Øns‚

ê-ambn ]pdw -X-≈-s∏-´p. Cu A¿∞-Øn¬

kmØm≥ kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂v ""hoWp'' F∂v ]d-bmw.

F¶n-epw, Ah\v ]cn-an-X-s∏´ ]th-i\w kz¿§-Øn-

te-°p-≠v,-ip-iq-j-Iƒ°p-th-≠n-b√ Bi-b-hn-\n-abw

\S-Øm≥ amXw (C-tøm. 1:6; 2:1; skJ. 3:1; shfn.

12:10). alm-]o-U-\-Im-eØv Ah≥ kz¿§-Øn¬ Hcp

bp≤w sNøpw (sh-fn. 12:7), At∏mƒ ]q¿Æ-ambpw

kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂v Fdn-b-s∏-Spw. [m¿Ωn-I-ambn

kmØm≥ hoWp. F∂m¬, hogpw F∂ ]tbmKw

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv `mhn-bn¬ ]q¿Æ A¿∞-Øn¬

kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂v ]pd-Øm-°-s∏-Sp-sa-∂m-Wv.

D. kmØms‚ BZy-]m-]hpw ZqX-∑m¿ t\-cn´ ]cn-

WnX ê-ßfpw

ZpjvS-cmb ZqX-∑m-cpsS t\Xm-hmWv kmØm-s\∂v

\ap°v Dd-∏m-bn´pw Adnbmw (a-Øm. 25:41; shfn. 12:

7˛9). aq∂n-semcp Iq´w ZqX-∑m¿ kmØms‚ ]n∂mse

t]mb-Xmbn shfn. 12:4 kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. t\cn- p≈ Hcp

sNdnb Adnhpw Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ e`n-°p-∂p≠v.

3 sbsl. 28:2˛¬ tkm¿]p-`p-hn-s\-bmWv kwt_m-[\sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. sbsl. 28:12˛¬ tkm¿ cmPm-hn-s\-bmWvkwt_m-[\ sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu A≤ym-b-Øn¬kmØms\ kw_-‘n® bmsXmcp hn[ kqN-\-bpw-NnehymJym-Xm-°ƒ ImWp-∂n-√. BZy ]Øp hmIy-ßƒ `qan-bnse Hcp - -c-Wm-[n-Im-cnsb amX-amWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-XvF∂mImw (hm. 2, 9, ImWp-I). F∂m¬ 11-˛mw hmIywapX¬ tIhew Hcp ùanI cmPm-hn-s\-°p-dn-®√ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv, adn®v B cmPm-hns\ i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ HcpAam-\p-jnI hy‡n-XzsØ kw_-‘n-®m-Wv. B `mh-Øn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ Htc Hcp hy‡n-tb-bp-≈q, kmØm≥.As√-¶n¬, Cu `mKw AKm-ly-am-bn-cn-°pw. 14, 16 hmIy-ß-fn¬ B cmPmhv Hcp sIcq-_m-sW∂p ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p;12˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ ⁄m\ kºq¿Æ\pw kuµ-cy-k-ºq¿Æ\pw F∂v ImWp∂p; 13-˛¬- G-Z≥ tXm´-Øn¬Ah≥ hkn-®n-cp-∂-Xmbn ]d-bp-∂p. 14, 16 hmIy-ß-fn¬tZh-]¿∆-X-Øn¬ Ign-™n-cp-∂-h-\mbn NnXo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂p. hmIyw 15- ¬ ]m]-an-√m-Ø-h-\mbn krjvSn-°-s∏- -Xmbpw Z¿in-°mw. Cu hnh-c-W-ßƒ Hcp hymJym-Xm-hns\


57

At\I ZqX-∑m¿ ]m]w sNbvX-Xmbn \ap-°-dn-bmw.

kmØm-\mWv Ah-cpsS t\Xm-sh∂pw Adn-bmw. Cu

hkvXp-X-bpsS ASnÿm\-Øn¬, kmØms‚ AZy-

]m]Øns‚ ]cn-Wn-X- -e-ßƒ I≠ a‰p ZqX-∑m¿

AXn-\p-tijw ]m]w sNbvXp-Im-Wp-I-bn-√. kmØm-

t\m-sSm∏w ]m]w sNbvX-h¿ Ahs‚ hio-I-cW he-

b-Øn-\p-≈n¬ s]´p-t]m-b-h-cm-sW∂v a\- n-em-

°phm\mIpw.

E. kmØm≥ BZy-]m]w sNbvX-- kabw

]pd. 20:11, k¶o. 148:2˛5 F∂o `mK-ßƒ kqNn-∏n-°p-

∂-Xp-t]mse a‰p krjvSn-Iƒs°m∏w ZqX-∑mcpw

krjvSn-°-s∏-s´-¶n¬ `qan D≠m-Ip-∂-Xn\p apsº

krjvSn-bpsS BZy-\m-fn¬ Xs∂ kmØm\pw krjvSn-

°-s∏´p (C-tøm. 38:7). Dev]. 3:1˛¬ ]mºv kvXosb

]co-£n-°p-∂-Xn\p apºv Ah≥ BZy-]m]w sNbvXn-

cn-°-Ww. Aß-s\-sb-¶n¬, krjvSn-bpsS H∂mw Znh-

k-Øn\pw a\p-jys‚ hogvN-bv°p-an-S-bn¬ kmØm≥

]m]w sNbvXp. krjvSn-Zn-h-k-ß-fn-se√mw Xs∂

ssZhw Xs‚ krjvSn \√Xv F∂p ]d-™p. Bdmw

Znh-k-Øns‚ A¥y-Øn-¶¬ Xm≥ krjvSn®Xv

Hs°bpw t\m°n-bn v ""FXbpw \√Xv'' F∂v ]d™p

(Dev]. 1:31). krjvSn∏n\nSbn¬ AcpXmØXv

Fs¥¶nepw kw`hn®n cps∂¶n¬ ""FXbpw \√Xv''

F∂v ]d-bpI km[y-a-√m-bn -cp -∂p. AXn-\m¬

kmØms‚ BZy-]m]w krjvSn- Zn-\-ßƒ Ign-™n v

l∆m-bpsS ]co-£bv°p apºv BWv.-a-\p-jys‚

krjvSn°pw hogvN-bv°p-an-S-bn-ep≈ Ime-L´w FX-

am-X-sa∂v Adn-bn-√. 4 (Kym-]v Xn-bdn hniz-kn-°p-∂h¿

AXv Dt]-£n-°-Ww).

V. kmØms‚ ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ

kmØm\y ]h¿Ø-\-ßsf kqNn-∏n-°p∂ At\I

thZ- m-K-ß-fp-≠v. Npcp-°-ambn, `qX-Im-e˛ `mhn-Ime

]h¿Øn-I-fpsS ]´n-ItbmsSm∏w h¿Ø-am-\-Ime

]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v hy‡-amb ]m[m\yw \¬In ap∂-

dn-bn-∏p-I-fm-bn, Cu ]mTy- m-KØv hni-Z-am-°p-∂p.

A. kmØms‚ `qX-Ime ]h¿Øn-Iƒ

1. BZm-an-t\mSpw l∆-tbmSpw \pW-]-d™v Ahsc

ac-W-tbm-Ky-cm°n Xo¿Øp (D-ev]. 3:1; tbml. 8:

44; 1 tbml. 3:8).

2. aiol P\n-°m-Xn-cn-∏m≥ a\p-jy-Ip-esØ apgp-h≥

ZpjvS-cm°n Xo¿°p-hm≥ kmØm≥ Hcp ]s£

ian®p ImWpw (D-ev]. 6:1˛4).

3. kmØm≥ Ctøm-_n-s\-Xnsc A]hmZw ]d™p.

Ahs\ IjvS-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ kmØm\v A\p-hmZw

In´n. sImSp-¶m-‰v, BIm-iØp \n∂v Xo, tcmKw

F∂nh hcp-Øp-hm≥ Ah\v i‡n-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂p

(C-tøm. 1˛2).

4. tami-bpsS ico-c-Øn\p th≠n kmØm≥ aoJm-

tb-ep-ambn t]mcm´w \SØn (bq-Zm. 9).

5. kmØm≥ bnkm-tb-en\p hntcm-[-ambn Fgp-t∂‰p

bnkm-tb-ens\ FÆp-hm≥ Zmho-Zn\p tXm∂n®p

(1 Zn\. 21:1).

sIms≠-Øn-°p∂ hkvXpX Fs¥-∂m¬, sbsl. 28: 11apX-ep≈ hmIyßƒ a\p-jy-\mb tkm¿ cmPm-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p-≈-X-√, adn-®v-A-t±-l-Øns‚ ]n∂n¬ i‡n-bmbn \ne-sIm≠ ZpjvS-\mb Hcp Aam-\p-jnI hy‡nXz-sØ-°p-dn-®mWv ]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Bb-Xp-sIm-≠v, sbsl. 28kmØms‚ D¤-hm-h-ÿ-sbbpw BZy-]m-]-sØ-bpw-Ip-dn-®p-amWv ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Cu ]T\w B \nK-a-\-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-Wv. AY-hm, sbsl. 28 kmØm-s\-°p-dn-®p-≈-X-s√-¶nepw ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb ]mT-ßsf AXv _m[n-°p-I-bn-√.

sbi. 14:4 ""_mt_¬ cmPm-hn-s\-bmWv'' kwt_m-[\sNøp-∂-Xv. sbi. 14 _mt_-ense Hcp ]g-b-cm-Pm-hn-s\-°p-dn-®mWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬, AXv kmØms\ kw_-‘n®v H∂pw-Xs∂ ]d-bp-∂n-√. sbsl. 28- ¬ \n∂v hyXy-kvX-ambn, `qan-bnse Hcp `c-Wm-[n]\p≈ in£m-hn-[n-b-√msX At±-lsØ i‡n-s∏-Sp-Ønb Hcp Akm-[m-cWhy‡n-XzsØ kw_-‘n-®mWv sb»-ømhv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-sX∂v ]d-bp-hm≥ bmsXm-cp-hn[ t]c-Wbpw hmb-\-°mc\v]mcm-b-W-Øn¬ tXm∂p-∂n-√.

sbi. 14 Zznhn-[-amb kqN-\-bm-sW∂p ]d-bp-hm≥ km[n-°pw. _mt_en¬ ]≠p-≠m-bn-cp∂ cmPm-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p-am-X-a√, `mhn-bn¬ hcp-hm≥ t]mIp∂ Hcp-h-s\bpw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. sb»-øm-hns‚ ]Jym-]-\-ß-fn¬ A¥y-Im-esØ \ymb-hn-[nsb kw_-‘n® kqN-I-ßƒ sb»-ømhv13 epw 14 epw D≠v. shfn-∏mSv 17˛18 A≤ym-b-ßfpw _m_n-tem-Wn¬ hcm≥ t]mIp∂ Hcp mhn \ymb-hn-[nsb hy‡-am-°p-∂p. (A-¥y-Ime \ymb-hn-[n-bpsS kqN-\-ßƒ°mbnImWp-I˛ sbi. 13:4, 6, 9, 10, 11, 13, 20; 14:2, 3, 7, 15, 17).sb»-ømhpw A¥y-Ime kwlm-csØ°pdn-®mWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬, _mt_-ense cmPm-hns‚ ]n∂n¬ i‡ntimX- mbn \ne-sIm-≈p∂ Hcp Aam-\p-jnI hy‡n-Xz-ambn kmØms\ ho£n-°mw. (sh-fn. 17:16 kmØm\y arKw_m_n-tem-Wns\ shdp-°p-∂-Xmbpw ImWp-∂p). F∂n-cp-∂m-epw, Cu \nK-a-\-ßƒ hmkvX-h-sa-¶n¬ sbi. 14 kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv kmØms‚ Ign™ Imeho-gvN-sb-°mƒ Hcp-`mhn ]cm-P-bsØbmWv (sh-fn. 12:7 ; Hcp `mhnhogvNsb∏‰n ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv ImWp-I) AXn-\m¬,kmØms‚ D¤-hm-h-ÿ-sb-°p-dn®v ]Tn-∏n-°p-hm≥sb»ømhv 14 Cu ]mT-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n- n-√.

4 kmØm≥ GZ≥ tXm -Øn¬ \S-∂p-sh∂v sbsl, 28: 13]d-bp-∂p. GZ≥ kpNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv, GZ≥ tXm -a-√. ""tZh-]¿∆-X-Øn¬'' \n∂pw ""A·n-a-b-c-Y-ß-fpsS'' at≤y \n∂pwkmØm≥ Fdn-b-s∏- -Xmbn sbsl-kvt°¬ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p.sbsl. 28- se GZ≥ ssZh-Øns‚ k∂n[n Bbn-cn-°pw.GZ≥ tXm´-Ønse kmØm\y km∂n[yw kmØms‚BZy-]m-]-Øn\p apºv `qan krjvSn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh∂vsXfnbn-°p-∂n√.


58

6. alm-]p-tcm-ln-X-\mb tbmip-hsb Ah≥ Ip‰w

NpaØn (sk-J. 3:1˛3).

7. ]nimNv InkvXphns\ ]co-£n®p (a-Øm. 4:1˛11;

a¿s°m.1: 12˛13; eqs°m. 4:1˛13).

8. ]sXm-kns\ ]co-£n-®p, bqZ-bn¬ IS-∂p-IqSn

(a-Øm. 16:22˛23; a¿t°m. 8:33; eqt°m. 22:31˛32).

9. kmØm≥ ]utem-kns\ XS- -s∏-SpØn imcn-cn-I-

ambn IjvS-s∏-SpØn (1 sX . 2:18; 2 sImcn. 12:7).

10. A\-\ym-kn-s\bpw kô-d-sbbpw kzm[o-\n®v

I≈w ]d-bn-∏n®p (]-hr. 5:3˛4, 8).

kmØm-s‚, Ign-™-Im-e-tØmSp _‘-s∏ v, InkvXp

Ahs‚ Xesb Iqin¬ XI¿Øp F∂ hkvXp-

Xbpw Dƒs∏-Sp-ØWw; InkvXp ]m]sØ ]cm-P-b-

s∏-SpØn. I¿Øm-hns‚ ac-W-Øn\p apºv kmØm-

t\m-sSm∏w kI-e-a-\p-jycpw ]m]-Im-c-W-Øm¬ \in-

∏n-°-s∏-S-W-sa∂v ssZhnI hnip≤n Bh-iy-s∏-´p.

Iqip-a-c-W-Øm¬ a\p-jysc ]nim-Nn¬ \n∂v

I¿Ømhv hnSp-hn-®p. Im¬hdn apX¬ kmØms‚

\ymb-hn[n Bcw-`n-®p-I-gn-™p. c£-bpsS Imcy-

]-cn-]mSn Ah-km-\n-°p-tºmƒ ssZhw kmØms\

\in-∏n-°pw. (tbm-l. 12:31; 16:11; sImsem. 2:14˛15;

F_m. 2:14˛15; 1 tbml. 3:8).

B. kmØms‚ h¿Ø-am-\-Ime ]h¿Øn-Iƒ

kmØms\ kw_-‘n® ]T\w AXoh PmK-X-tbmsS

ssIImcyw sNtø≠ H∂m-Wv. ImcWw Ah≥

i‡\pw kPo-h-ambn ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h-\p-am-Wv.

F¶nepw Ah≥ ]cn-an-X-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. Bcw`w apX¬

t]mse Xs∂, kmØm≥ I≈\pw Ipe-]m-X-I\pw

]m]n-bpam-Wv (tbm-l. 8: 44; 1 tbml. 3:8). Ct∏mgpw

ssZh-sØbpw ssZhP-\-sØbpw Ah≥ FXn¿

°p∂p (1 ]sXm. 5:8). temI-Øns‚ ]`p (tbm-l.

12:31; 16:11; 1 tbml. 5:19), Cu temI-Øns‚ ssZhw

(2 sImcn. 4:4), hoWp-t]mb ZqX-∑m-cpsS t\Xmhv

(aØm. 25:41; shfn. 12:9), qX-ß-fpsS Xe-h≥ (aØm.

12:24; eqt°m.11:15) XpS-ßnb ÿm\-ß-fn¬ hncm-Nn-

°p-∂p-sh-¶nepw Ah≥ ssZh-Øm¬ XSp-Øp \n¿Ø-

s∏- n-cn-°p∂p (2- sX- . 2:6), ssZhnI A[n-Im-c-Øn-

\p-≈n¬ A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏´ Imcy-ßƒ amXsa Ah\v

sNøm-\m-hp-I-bp≈q (C-tøm. 1:12; 2:6; tbml. 17:15; 1

tbml. 4:4; 5:18).

kmØms‚ \nb-¥nX taJeIƒ ]cn-an-X-s∏- n-cn-°p-

s∂-¶nepw Ahs‚ ]h¿Ø-\-co-Xn-Iƒ i‡-am-Wv.

1. kmØm≥ Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS a\ p Ipcp-Sm-°p∂p

(a-Øm. 13:19; a¿s°m. 4:15; eqs°m. 8:12; 2 sImcn. 4:4).

hN\w hnX-®n´p hgn-b-cnsI hoW-Xp, tI´

DSs\ kmØm≥ h∂p lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ hnsX-

°-s∏´ hN\w FSp-Øp-I-f-bp-∂-Xm-Ip∂p

(a¿t°m. 4:15).

ssZh-]-Xn-a-bmb InkvXp-hns‚ tXP- p≈

kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ ]Im-i\w tim`n-°m-Xn-cn-

∏m≥ Cu temI-Øns‚ ssZhw Ahn-izm-kn-I-

fpsS a\ p Ipcp-Sm°n (2 sImcn. 4:4).

a. bYm¿∞ InkvXym-\n-XzsØ t]cn-\p-amXw A\p-

I-cn-°p∂ aX-ß-fn-eqsS kmØm≥ At\-I-cpsS

a\ p Ipcp-Sm-°p-∂p.

(1) Zpcp-]-tZ-i-ß-fm¬ (1 Xnsam. 4:1)

F∂m¬ `mhn-Im-eØp Nne¿ hymPm-fl-°-fp-

sSbpw qX-ß-fpsS D]-tZ-i-ß-sfbpw Bi-bn®v

t`mjv°p ]d-bp-∂-h-cpsS I]-S-Øm¬ hnizmkw

XyPn-°pw... (1 Xnsam. 4:1).

(2) I≈ ipiq-j-I-∑m-cm¬ (a-Øm. 7:15, 21˛23;

2 sImcn. 11:13˛15)

kmØm≥ Xm\pw shfn-®-Zq-Xs‚ thjw [cn-

°p-∂p-h-t√m. BI-bm¬ Ahs‚ ipiq-j-

°m¿ \oXn-bpsS ipiq-j-I-∑m-cpsS thjw

[cn-®m¬ AXn-i-b-an-√....(2 sImcn. 11:14˛15).

(3) FXn¿In-kvXp-°-fm¬ (a-Øm. 24:23˛24; 1 tbml.

2:18; 22; 4:3)

Ip™p-ß-sf, CXp A¥y-\m-gnI BIp∂p;

FXn¿InkvXp hcp∂p F∂p \nßƒ tIń-

´p-≠-t√m. Ct∏mƒ At\Iw FXn¿InkvXp

°ƒ Fgp-t∂-‰n-cn-°-bm¬ A¥y-\m-gnI B

Ip∂p F∂p \ap°p Adnbmw (1 tbml. 2:18).

]nb-ap-≈-h-sc, I≈-]-hm-N-I-∑m¿ ]ecpw

temI-Øn-te°p ]pd-s∏-ń-cn-°-bm¬ GXp

Bflm-hn-s\bpw hniz-kn-°msX Bflm-°ƒ

ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂p-≈-htbm F∂p tim[\

sNbvhn≥ (1 tbml. 4:1).

tbip -hns\ kzoI-cn -°mØ bmsXmcp

Bflmhpw ssZh-Øn¬\n∂p-≈-X-√. FXn¿

InkvXphns‚ Bflm-hp-Xs∂ ( 1 tbml. 4:3).

(4) hymP hnizm-kn-I-fm¬ (a-Øm. 13:25; 36- 39)

""...\√ hnØp cmPy-Øns‚ ]pX-∑m¿; If

ZpjvSs‚ ]pX-∑m¿; AXp hnX® iXp ]nim-

Np... (a-Øm. 13:38˛39).


59

(5) hymP kphn-ti-j-Øm¬ (2 sImcn. 11:3˛4; Kem. 1:8).

F∂m¬ k¿∏w l∆msb D]m-b-Øm¬ NXn-

®-Xp-t]mse \nß-fpsS a\ p InkvXp-hn-t\m-

Sp≈ GIm-K-Xbpw \n¿Ω-e-Xbpw hn v hj-fm-

bn-t∏m-Iptam F∂p Rm≥ `b-s∏-Sp-∂p. Hcp-

Ø≥ h∂p Rßƒ ]kw-Kn-°mØ as‰mcp

tbip-hns\ ]kw-Kn-°ptbm \nßƒ°p e`n-

°mØ thsdmcp Bflm-sh-¶nepw \nßƒ

ssIs°m-≈mØ thsdmcp kphn-ti-j-sa-

¶nepw e`n-°p-Itbm sNøp-tºmƒ \nßƒ

s]mdp-°p-∂Xp B›cyw (2 sImcn. 11:3˛4).

(6) hymP i‡n-bm¬

kmØms‚ A\p-hm-Z-Øm¬ ZpjvSm-flm-°sf

hio-I-cn®v A¤p-X-ßƒ krjvSn-°p-hm≥

""A¤pXw'' ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h¿°v km[n°pw

(a-Øm. 12:27; 2 Xnsam. 3:8; shfn. 2:9).

Rm≥ s_sb-s’-_q-en-s\-s°m≠p qX-ßsf

]pd-Øm-°p∂p F¶n¬, \nß-fpsS a°ƒ

Bsc-s°m≠p ]pd-Øm-°p∂p? AXp-sIm≠v

Ah¿ \nßƒ°p \ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿ BIpw

(a-Øm. 12:27).

Rm≥ \ns‚ IjvS-Xbpw Zmcn-Zhpw ˛ \o [\-

hm-\m-Ip∂p Xm\pw ˛ Xßƒ sblqZ¿ F∂p

]d-bp-s∂-¶nepw sblq-Z-c-√, kmØms‚ ]≈n-

°m-cm -b-h-cpsS Zqj-Whpw Adn -bp∂p

(sh-fn. 2:9).

b. XnI®pw ssIkvXh hncp-≤-amb aX-ß-fmepw XXz-

Nn-¥-I-fmepw kmØm≥ At\-I-cpsS a\- p- Ip-cp-Sm-

°p-∂p.

(1) ùXn-I-hm-Zw, I¨tam-l-Øm¬

""Zhym-Klw kI-e-hn[ tZmj-Øn\pw'' Imc-W-sa-

¶n¬ uXnIhmZw ZpjvS-\m-b-hs‚ Bbp-[-am-sW∂p

bp‡n-]-c-ambn Nn¥n-°mw. ùXn-hm-Z-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-

Sp∂ temI-kvt\-lsØ ssZhw imkn-°p-∂-Xmbn

1 tbml. 2:15 apX-ep≈ hmIy-ß-fn¬ Z¿in-°mw. k¿∆-

tem-Ihpw ZpjvSs‚ A[o-\-X-bn¬ InS-°p∂p

(1 tbml. 5:19). hnK-lm-cm-[\ kmØm\y Bcm-[-\-

bm-sW-¶n¬, AXym-Klw hnK-lm-cm-[-\-bm-sW-¶n¬

(sIm-sem. 3:5). ssZh-Øn-\p≈ Bcm-[-\bv°p XS-

-ambn \ne-sIm-≈p∂p D]-I-c-amWv ùXn-I-hm-Zw.

ùXn-I-hmZw AYhm ùXnI Imcy-ß-tfm-Sp≈

kvt\lw kmØm≥ D≠m-°p-∂-Xm-sW-∂-Xns‚

DØa DZm-l-cWw bqZm CukvIcy-tøm-Øm-hm-Wv.

AØmgw Bb-t∏mƒ ]nimNp, intams‚ aI-

\mb bqZm CukvI-cy-tøm-Øm-hns‚ lrZ-b-

Øn¬ Ahs\ ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp-∏m≥ tXm∂n-

®n-cp∂p (tbm-l. 13:2).

JWvUw hmßnb DSs\ kmØm≥ Ah-\n¬

IS-∂p... (tbm-l. 13:27).

(2) kpJm-\p- qXn , PU-tamlØm¬ (F-s^. 2:1˛3;

tbml. 3:19˛20)

AXn-I-a-ß-fmepw ]m]-ß-fmepw acn-®-h-cm-bn-

cp∂ \nß-sfbpw Ah≥ Dbn¿∏n®p. Ah-bn¬

\nßƒ apsº Cu temI-Øns‚ Ime-K-Xn-

sbbpw BIm-i-Ønse A[n-Im-c-Øn\pw A\p-

k-c-W-t°-Sns‚ a°-fn¬ Ct∏mƒ hym]-cn-

°p∂ Bflm-hn∂pw A[n-]-\p-am-b-h-s\bpw

A\p-k-cn®p \S-∂p. Ah-cpsS CS-bn¬ \mw

F√m-hcpw apsº \ΩpsS PU-tam-l-ß-fn¬

\S∂p PU-Øn\pw at\m-hn-Im-c-ßƒ°pw

CjvS-am-bXp sNbvXpw-sIm≠p a‰p-≈-h-sc-

t∏mse ]Ir-Xn-bm¬ tIm]-Øns‚ a°ƒ

Bbn-cp∂p (F-s^. 2:1˛3).

(3) Bflm-°sf Bcm-[n-°p-∂-Xn-eqsS (A-≤ymbw 5,

""`qX-imkvXw'' t\m°pI)

(a) t\cn v kmØms\ Bcm-[n-°¬ (te-hy. 19:31; 20:

6, 27; Bh. 18:9˛12).

(b) hnK-lm-cm-[\

hnK-lm-cm-[\ kmØm\y Bcm-[\ Xs∂-bmWv

(B-h. 32:16˛17; k¶o. 106:36˛37). kIe hymP-a-X-

ßfpw hnK-lm-cm-[-\-bm-Wv. hmkvX-h-Øn¬, ssZh-

-‡n°v XS- -ambn \n¬°p∂ F¥pw Hcp hnK-l

am-Wv.

(c) kzbw -]p-I-g-®, a\p-jy-h¿§-]-aw, Poh-\Øns‚

]Xm]w

ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ a’cw a¥hmZw t]mse-bm-sW∂v

iap-th¬ hy‡-am-°p∂p (1 iap. 15:53). kzbsØ

]pI-gvØp-∂Xv AYhm Bcm-[n-°p-∂Xv hnK-lm-cm-

[-\-bpsS Hcp cq]-t -Z-am-Wv. kIe Xc-Øn-ep≈ hnK-

lm-cm-[-\bpw ]tcm-£-ambn kmØm-t\m-Sp≈ Bcm-

[-\-bm-Wv. IqSp-X¬ hy‡-am-°n-bm¬, kmØm-\mWv

c£n-°-s∏-SmØ Gh-cp-sSbpw BXy-¥nI bP-am-\≥

(1 tbml. 5:19; Fs^. 2:2). AXn-\m¬, kzbm-cm-[\

AYhm a\p-jy-h¿§-t]aw Cu temI-Øns‚ ]`p-

hn-t\m-Sp≈ BZ-c-kq-N-I-am-Wv. Ah-km-\-am-bn, a\p-

jys‚ Bflmhv tIhew Hcp Bflmhp amX-am-Wv.

a\p-jys\ kzbw Bcm-[n-°p-∂Xv Bflm-cm-[-\-bpsS

Hcp cq]-t -Z-am-Wv.


60

2. kmØm≥ ssZh-P-\sØ FXn¿ °p∂p (a-Øm. 16:

23; 2 sImcn. 2:11; Fs^. 6:11˛12)

kmØm≥ \sΩ tXmev∏n-°-cpXv; Ahs‚

X¥-ßsf \mw Adn -bm -Ø-h-c -√t√m

(2 sImcn. 2:11).

]nim-Nns‚ X¥-ß-tfmSp FXn¿Øp \nev∏m≥

Ign-tb-≠-Xn\p ssZh-Øns‚ k¿∆m-bp[h¿§w

[cn-®p-sImƒhn≥. \ap°p t]mcm´w D≈Xp

PU-c-‡-ß-tfm-S-√, hmgvN-I-tfmSpw A[n-Im-

c-ß-tfmSpw Cu A‘-Im-c-Øns‚ temIm[n

]Xn-I-tfmSpw kz¿t√m-K-ß-fnse ZpjvSm-fl-

tk-\-tbmSpw AsX (F-s^. 6:11˛12)

a. kmØm≥ hnizm -kn -Isf ]co -£-I-fn -eqsS

FXn¿°p∂p (a-Øm. 4:1; 1 sX . 3:5)

(1) ùXn-I-Im-cy-ß-tfm-Sp≈ ]co-£Ww (a-Øm. 6: 24;

1 tbml. 2:15˛17)

Zhym-KlØm¬ kmØm≥ a\p-jys\ \nb-¥n-°p-

∂-Xn¬ hncp-X-\m-Wv. Cu temI-Øns‚ Xe-h≥ Ah-

\m-Wv. AXn-\m-emWv temIsØ kvt\ln-°-cp-sX∂v

hnizm-kn-I-tfmSv ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv (1 tbml. 2: 15-- ---

˛17; 5:19). uXn-I-hmZw Dƒs∏sS kI-e-hn-[-amb hnK-

lm-cm -[ -\ -bp -sSbpw ASn -ÿm\w Ah-\mWv

(sIm-sem. 3:5).

c≠p bP-am-\-∑msc tkhn-∏m≥ B¿°pw Ign-

I-bn√; Aßs\ sNbvXm¬ Hcp-Øs\ ]sI®p

a‰-hs\ kvt\ln°pw; As√-¶n¬ Hcp-Ø-t\mSp

]‰n-t®¿∂p a‰-hs\ \nc-kn°pw; \nßƒ°p

ssZh-sØbpw amtam-s\bpw tkhn-∏m≥ Ign-

I-bn-√ (a-Øm. 6:24).

(2) A[m¿Ωn-I-X-tbm-Sp≈ ]co-£Ww

...-\n-ß-fpsS APn-tX-µn-bXzw (Self- Control)\nanØw kmØm≥ \nßsf ]co-£n-°m-Xn-

cn -t°-≠-Xn\p ho≠pw tN¿∂n -cn -∏n≥

(1 sImcn. 7:5).

(3) Al-¶-cn-°p-hm\pw kzb-]m-]vXn-bn¬ Bi-bn-°p-

hm-\p-ap≈ ]co-£Ww

bnkm-tb-ens\ FÆp-hm≥ Zmho -Zns\

tXm∂n® kmØms‚ kao-]\ coXn-bm-WnXv

(1 Zn\. 21: 1 ff).

\nK-fn-®n´p ]nim-Nn\p h∂ in£m-hn-[n-bn¬

AI-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°m≥ ]pXnb injy\pw AcpXv

(1 Xnsam. 3:6).

(4) \pW ]d-bp-hm-\p≈ ]co-£Ww

Ah≥ t`mjv°ns‚ ]nXm-hmWv (tbm-l. 8:44).

At∏mƒ ]sXm-kv; A\-\ym-tk, ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-

hn-t\mSp hymPw ImWn-∏m-\pw... kmØm≥

\ns‚ lrZbw ssIh-i-am-°n-bXp F¥p?

(]-hrØn 5:3).

(5) kwi-bn-°p-hm-\p≈ ]co-£Ww

ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ kXyw BZmapw l∆bpw kwi-

bn-°-W-sa∂p amX-a√ ssZh-I-ev]\bp IrXy-Xbpw

Ah¿ kwi-bn-°-W-sa∂v kmØm≥ BK-ln-®p.

ssZhw Nne Imcy-ßƒ ]d-™n- n-√, NneXv ]d-™Xv

\pW-bm-Wv, ]m]-Øns‚ kt¥mjw \nßƒ Bkz-

Zn-°p-hm≥ ssZhw BK-ln-°p-∂n-√˛ XpS-ßnb hyXy-

kvX-co-Xn-bn-ep≈ tXm∂-ep-Iƒ Ah-cn¬ D≠m°n

ImWpw.

btlm-h-bmb ssZhw D≠m-°nb F√m Im´p

P¥p-°-sf-°mfpw ]mºp Iui-e-ta-dn-b-Xm-bn-

cp -∂p. AXp kXo-tbmSv : tXm´-Ønse

bmsXmcp hr£-Øns‚ ehpw \nßƒ Xn∂-

cp-sX∂v ssZhw hmkvX-h-ambn Iev]n-®n-

´pt≠m F∂p tNmZn-®p. kvXo ]mºn-t\mSv:

tXm -Ønse hr£-ß-fpsS êw Rßƒ°p

Xn∂mw; F∂m¬ \nßƒ acn-°m-Xn-cn-t°-≠-

Xn\p tXm´-Øns‚ \Sp-hnse hr£-Øns‚

êw Xn∂-cp-Xv, sXmSp-Ibpw AcpXv F∂pw

ssZhw Iev]n-®n- p≠v F∂p ]d-™p. ]mºp

kvXotbmSv: \nßƒ acn-°-bn√ \n›-bw.....

F∂p ssZhw Adn-bp∂p (D-ev]. 3:1˛5).

b.`n∂X krjvSn®v kmØm≥ hnizm -kn -Isf

FXn¿°p-∂p. tIm]hpw ssI∏pw Ah≥ CjvS-s∏-

Sp∂p.

tIm]n-®m¬ ]m]w sNøm-Xn-cn-∏n≥; kqcy≥

AkvX-an-°p-thmfw \nßƒ tIm]w sh®p-tIm-

≠n-cn-°-cp-Xv. ]nim-Nn\p CSw sImSp-°-cpXv

(F-s^. 4:26˛27).

F∂m¬ \nßƒ°p lrZ-b-Øn¬ ssI∏p≈

Cu¿jybpw imTyhpw Ds≠-¶n¬ kXy-Øn\p

hntcm-[-ambn ]iw-kn-°p-Ibpw t`mjv°p

]dbp-I-bp-a-cp-Xv. CXp Db-c-Øn¬ \n∂p hcp∂

⁄m\-a√, ùan-Ihpw ]mIr-Xhpw ss]im-

Nn-Ihpw Bb-XsX (bm-t°m. 3:14˛16).

c. A]-hmZw ]d™pw Ass[-cy -s∏-Sp -Ønbpw

kmØm≥ hnizm-kn-Isf FXn¿°p∂p. ""tImXºp

t]mse ]m‰n -°-fI'' F∂Xv kqNn-∏n -°p-∂Xv


61

kmØm≥ \sΩ tIhew ""Dan'' bm°n Xo¿°p-I-bmWv

(aq-ey-an-√mØ Pohn-X-ssi-en). AXn-\m¬ \mw Ass[

cy-s∏- p-t]mIpw (eq-s°m. 22:31). I¿Øm-hmWv \ΩpsS

klm-bnbpw ]Xn-tcm-[hpw ( 1 tbml. 2:1˛2). \ΩpsS

kIe Nn¥m-Ip-ehpw Ah≥ ta¬ C´p-sIm-≈p-hm≥

1 ]sXm. 5:7˛¬ ]dbphm\p≈ ImcWw 1 ]sXm.

5:8˛¬ hy‡-am-Wv, ""]Xn-tbm-Kn-bmb kmØm≥

\sΩ \in-∏n-°p-hm≥ ian-°p-∂p. Ub-s_m-temkv

\pW-b\pw A]-hm-Zn-bp-am-Wv. XpS¿®-bmbn \sΩ

Zp:JØn-emgvØn XI¿°p-hm≥ Ah≥ BK-ln-

°p∂p (sh-fn. 12:10 ImWp-I).

iotam -t\, iotamt\, kmØm≥ \ns∂

tKmXºp t]mse ]mt‰-≠-Xn\p Iev]\

tNmZn®p. Rmt\m \ns‚ hnizmkw s]mbvt∏m-

Im-Xn-cn-∏m≥ \n\-°p-th≠n At]-£n®p;

F∂m¬ \o Hcp kabw Xncn™p h∂-tijw

\ns‚ ktlm-Z -c -∑msc Dd-∏n -®p -sImƒI

(eqs°m 22:31˛32).

d. InkvXob t\Xr-Xz-Øn-en-cn-°p-∂-hsc XI¿°p-

hm≥ ian®v kmØm≥ hnizm-kn-Isf FXn¿°p∂p

(1 Zn\. 21:1˛1 Xnsam. 3:7).

A\-¥cw kmØm≥ bnkm-tb-en∂p hntcm-

[-ambn Fgp-t∂‰p bnkm-tb-ens\ FÆp-hm≥

Zmhn-Zn\p tXm∂n®p (1 Zn\. 21:1).

e. Ahn-izm-kn-Isf k -bn¬ \pg-™p-I-b-dp-am-dm°n

kmØm≥ hnizm-kn-Isf FXn¿°p∂p (a-Øm. 13:25;

36˛39; ]hr-Øn. 20:29).

I≈-]-hm-N-I-∑msc kq£n-®p-sImƒhn≥;

Ah¿ BSp-I-fpsS thjw ]q≠p \nß-fpsS

ASp-°¬ hcp-∂p AI-satbm ISn-®p-Io-dp∂

sN∂m-bv°ƒ BIp∂p (a-Øm. 7:15).

Rm≥ t]mb-tijw Bń≥Iq-´sØ BZ-cn-

°mØ sImSn sN∂m-bv°ƒ \nß-fpsS CS-

bn¬ IS°pw F∂p Rm≥ Adn -bp∂p

(]-hr Øn. 20:29).

f. imcn-cnI Akz-ÿ-X-Iƒ \¬In kmØm≥ hnizm-

kn-Isf FXn¿°p∂p (C-tøm. 1˛2; eqt°m. 13:11, 16;

2 sImcn. 12:7).

Aßs\ kmØm≥ btlm-h-bpsS k∂n-[n-

hn´p ]pd-s∏´p Ctøm-_ns\ D≈-¶m¬ apX¬

s\dp-I-hsc h√mØ ]cp-°-fm¬ _m[n®p

(C-tøm. 2:7).

...Rm≥ \nK-fn®p t]mIm-Xn-cn-t°-≠-Xn\p

Fs∂ IpØp-hm≥ kmØms‚ ZqXs\ Xs∂

(2 sImcn. 12:7).

g. A[n-Im-cn -I-fn¬ \n∂p≈ ]oU-\-ß-fmepw

kmØm≥ hnizm-kn-Isf FXn¿°p∂p (Zm-\n. 10:10;

shfn. 2:10).

\o kln-∏m-\p-≈Xp t]Sn-°-≠m. \nßsf ]co-

£n-t°-≠-Xn\p ]nimNp \nßfn¬ Nnesc XS-

hn¬ B°p-hm≥ t]mIp∂p; ]Øp Znhkw

\nßƒ°p D]-Zhw D≠mIpw; ac-W-]-cy¥w

hniz-kvX-\m-bn-cn°; F∂m¬ Poh IncoSw

\n\°p Xcpw (sh-fn. 2:10).

h. \pW-t]m -ep≈ s]mXp -hmb Imcy -ß-fm¬

kmØm≥ hnizm-kn-Isf FXn¿°p∂p (tbm-l. 8:44).

hymP A¤p-X-ß-fm¬ (2 sX . 2:9). ]tXyIw ]d-

™n-ń-√mØ XS- -ß-fmbpw Ah≥ FXn¿°p∂p

(1 sX . 2:18).

(hn -izm -kn -Isf XI¿°p-hm -\p≈ kmØms‚

""]h¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS'' ]cn-an-Xn-Isf°pdn®v A≤ymbw

5, ""`qX-imkvXw'' hy‡-am-°p-∂p-≠v).

C. kmØms‚ `mhn-Ime ]h¿ØnIƒ

kmØms‚ `mhn-Ime ]h¿Øn-I-fpsS ]q¿Æ-amb

]ńI Cu ]T-\-hn- m-KsØ ho≠pw hnim-e-am°pw

(A-≤ymbw 12, ""`mhn-Im-e-imkvXw'' ImWp-I). k`m-

bpKw Ah-km-\n-®tijw FXn¿ In-kvXp-hns‚ t\Xr-

Xz-Øn¬ temI-`-c-W-Iq-SsØ \nb-¥n-°p-hm≥

kmØm\pw Ignbpw (2 sX . 2:3˛10; shfn. 13:3˛4).

Ah≥ hnizm-kn-Isf D]-Z-hn°pw (sh-fn. 13:7˛8).-

A¿sa-l-t±m≥ bp≤-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-hm-\p≈

InkvXp-hns‚ c≠mw hc-hns\ Ah≥ FXn¿°pw

(sh-fn. 17:14; 19:11-- -; 20:3). atlm-]-Z-h-Im-e-Øn-\p-tijw,

kl-km_vZ hmgvN-Im-eØv 1,000 h¿j-tØ°v

kmØm≥ ]mXm-f-Øn¬ _‘n-X-\m-bn-cn°pw (sh-fn.

20:1˛3). kl-km-_vZ-Øn-\p-tijw Hcn-°¬IqsS

FXn¿°p-hm≥ Ah≥ ian-°pw. AXn-\p-tijw, \nXy-

amb A·n XSm -I -Øn -te°p Fdn -b -s∏Spw

(sh-fn. 20:7- 10).


62


63

A≤ymbw 5

Uoat\mfPn`qXßsf∏‰nbp≈ D]-tZiw

cq]tcJI. `qX-ßfpsS AkvXnXzw

II. `qXßfpsS D¤hw

A. BZman\p apºp≈ a\pjycpsSBflm°ƒ

B. hoWpt]mb `qX∑mcpw kvXoIfpw

XΩnep≈ thgvNbn¬ D≠mb Aam\pjnI

k¥XnIfpsS Bflm°ƒ

C. ]m]]IrXap≈ `qX∑m¿

III.`qXßfpsS hy‡nXzw

IV.`qXßfpsS kz`mh khntijXIƒ

A. `qXßƒ Bflcq]nIfmWv

B. `qXßƒ [m¿ΩnIambn If¶s∏´hcmWv

C. `qXßƒ AZriysc¶nepw shfns∏Sphm≥

]m]vX¿

V. `qXßfpsS i‡n

A. `qXßƒ Aam\pjnIsc¶nepw i‡nbn¬

]cnanX¿

B. `qXßƒ Aam\pjnIsc¶nepw _p≤nbn¬

]cnanX¿

C. `qXßƒ ÿe ]cnanXIƒ°p≈n¬s∏Sp∂

hc√

VI.`qXßfpsS ]h¿Ø\ßƒ

A. s]mXphmb ]h¿Ø\ßƒ

1. kmØms‚ i‡nsb h¿≤n∏n°p∂p

2. XXz⁄m\sØbpw

temIt\Xm°∑mscbpw kzm[o\n°p∂p

3. B[m¿ΩnIXsb hf¿Øp∂p

4. sX‰mb aXßsf hf¿Øp∂p

5. a\pjya\ ns\bpw icocsØbpw

_m[n°p∂p

B. `qXßfpsS `mhnIme ]hN\ßƒ

1. `mhnImesØ°pdn®v ss]imNnI

klmbØm¬ ]hN\w

a. `mhn]hN\ kºZmbsØ

XncpshgpØv hy‡am°p∂p.

b. tPymXnjsØ kw_‘n®v

XncpshgpØv hy‡am°p∂p

c. D]kwlmcw

2. ]tcXmfl_‘w

3. a¥hmZw

4. a¥hmZ]camb ab°pacp∂p]tbmKw

VII.`qX_m[

A. \n¿hN\hpw ImcWhpw

B. `qX_m[bpsS ]tXyIXIƒ

1. `qX_m[bpsS ]tXyIXIsf kw_‘n®

XncpshgpØns‚ hy‡am°¬

a. Akm[mcWamb i‡n

b. kaqlØn¬ \n∂v H‰s∏S¬

c. cm∏I¬ \nehnfn

d. hn`‡ hy‡nXzw

e. BflnI ImcyßtfmSv

AhKW\

f. Akm[mcWamb Kmlyi‡n

g. i_vZ hyXymkw

h. \psc®p ]√pISn°p∂p

i. Bip≤am°p∂p

j. BfllXy ]hWX

2. `qX_m[bpsS ]tXyIXIƒ anj\dn

amcpw InkvXob D]tZiIcpw Nq≠n°m

Wn°p∂p.

C. `qX_m[bpw InkvXphnizmknIfpw

1, kmØms‚ \miw

2. hnizmknbpsS hos≠Sp∏pw kwc£Whpw

3. D]kwlmcw

64

Uoat\mfPn:

`qXßsf∏‰nbp≈ D]tZiw

I. `qXßfpsS AkvXnXzw

`qXßƒ AYhm `qXmflm°sf kw_‘n®v

]pXnb\nbaØnteXpt]mse ]gb\nbaØn¬

]Xn]mZn®nńs√¶nepw Npcp°w Nne ÿeßfn¬

]d™n´p≠v (Bh. 32:17; k¶o. 106:37). ]pXnb

\nbaØn¬ `qXmflm°sf°pdn®v \qdp ]mhiyØn

e[nIw ]cma¿in®n´p≠v. `qXßƒ, GItZiw

Adp]Ønaq∂p XhW; `qXw _m[n°pI, ]Xnaq∂p

]mhiyw; Aip≤mflmhv AYhm Zpcmflmhv GI

tZiw \mev]Ønaq∂p ]mhiyw. F_mb teJI≥

HgnsI as‰√m ]pXnb FgpØpImcpw `qXßsf

°pdn®v kqNn∏n°p∂p≠v.

InkvXphns‚ A[nImcsØ AwKoIcn°p∂h

sc√mw Xs∂ `qXßfpsS AkvXnXzØnepw

hnizkn°pw. AhnSp∂p `qXßfpambn kw`mjn

®n´p≠v (aØm. 8:29) Xs‚ injy∑m¿°v `qXßfpsS

ta¬ A[nImcw sImSpØp (aØm. 10:1 ff), I¿Ømhv

""`qXßfpsS Xeh≥'' F∂v kmØms\ hnfn°p∂p

(aØm. 12:24˛30).

II. `qXßfpsS D¤hw

`qXßfpsS D¤hsØ°pdn®v ss__nƒ t\cn´v

]Tn∏n°p∂n√ kmØms\m∏w hoWpt]mb

ZqX∑mcmWv `qXßsf∂v IqSpXepw thZ]pkvXI

]TnXm°ƒ hnizkn°ps∂¶nepw AhcpsS

D¤hsØ°pdn®v hyXykvXßfmb A`n]mb

ßfp≠v.

A. BZman\p apºp≈ a\pjycpsS Bflm°ƒ

Dev]Øn 1:1 \pw 1:2 \pw at≤y Hcp hnShv (gap)

Ds≠∂v AwKoIcn°p∂hcmWv Cu Bibw

apt∂m´p hbv°p∂Xv. AXmbXv a\pjyh¿§Øns‚

krjvSn°p apºpXs∂ Pohn®ncp∂ ]q¿∆ BZmay

h¿§Øns‚ Bflm°fmWpt]m¬ qXßƒ. ssZhw

B temIsØ \ymbw hn[n®p; IqsS acn®hscbpw.

icocclnXcmbn Xo¿∂ B Bflm°ƒ a\pjy

icocßƒ ]m]n°phm≥ Ae™pXncnbp∂p. Cu

ho£W ]Imcw hoWpt]mb ZqX∑mcpw `qXßfpw

hyXykvXcmWv.

Cu hnShv kn≤m¥w (gap theory) sXfnbn°m

\mhmØ Hcp ho£Ww amXw. Akw`hyamb Hcp

\nKa\amWv `qXßsf°pdn®v Cu ho£Ww

\¬Ip∂ Bibw.

B. hoWpt]mb ZqX∑mcpw kvXoIfpw XΩnep≈

thgvNbn¬ D≠mb Aam\pjnI k¥XnIfpsS

Bflm°ƒ

hoWpt]mb ZqX∑m¿ a\pjyicocw ]m]n®v

kvXoIfpambn hnhml_‘Ønte¿s∏´v Hcp

k¶ck¥Xn ]cºc D≠mbn F∂p hnizkn°m

hp∂ XcØn¬ Nne ImcWßƒ Dev]Øn 6˛¬

Z¿in°mw.1 Pe]fbØn¶¬ B k¶c a\pjyh¿§w

\in®p t]mhpIbpw AhcpsS Bflm°fmWv

`qXßsf∂p ]dbp∂hcpap≠v. Dd∏n®p ]dbphm

\p≈ sXfnhn√. Dev]Øn 6˛s‚ hymJym\w ]cnKWn

°msX Xs∂, `qXßfpsS Dev]Ønsb kw_‘n®

sXfnhpIfn√mØ hymJym\ßƒ amXamWnXv.

hoWpt]mb ZqX∑m¿°v Cu hymJym\hpambn

_‘aps≠¶nepw Cu ho£WØns‚ ASnÿm\

Øn¬ `qXßfpsS Dev]Ønsb Dd∏n°m\mhn√.

C. ]m] ]IrXap≈ ZqX∑m¿

XncpshgpØpIƒ t\cn´v ]Tn∏n®nń√mØ hnj

bßƒ hnimeambn a\ nem°phm≥ Xncpshgp Øn

e[njvTnX A\pam\ßfmWv ASpØ G‰hpw \√

am¿§w. `qXßƒ hoWpt]mb ZqX∑mcmsW∂v

thZ]pkvXIw t\cn´v ]dbp∂n√, F∂m¬ thZ

]pkvXI shfns∏SpØ¬ ]Imcw B A\pam\

ambncn°pw G‰hpw hnizmkyamb hymJym\w.

kmØm≥ `qXßfpsS Xeh\mbn NnXoIcn

°s∏ńcn°p∂p (aØm. 12:24). ZpjvS `qX∑mcpsS

t\Xmhpw Ah≥ Xs∂ (aØm. 25:41; shfn. 12:7˛9).

`qXßsfbpw (aØm. 8:16; eqt°m. 10:17˛20).

`qX∑mscbpw Bflcq]nIfmbn´mWv hnfn®ncn°p

∂Xv (F_m. 1:14). ]m]w sNbvX ZqX\mb kmØm\v


1 hnip≤ ZqX∑m¿ k¥XypXv]mZ\w \SØp∂n√ (eqt°m.20:35˛36, A≤ymbw 3, ImWpI) Ah¿ ]p√nwK`mhap≈hcmbpw (kvXoenwK h¿§an√mØh¿)\]pwkI`mhap≈hcmbpw \ap°v a\ nem°mw. ùanIXeßfn¬ Ah¿ ]pcpj∑mcmb amXsa ]Xy£s∏Smdp≈q. F∂ncp∂mepw, hnip≤ ZqX∑mcpsS]h¿ØnIfSnÿm\am°n hoWpt]mb ZqX∑mcpsSk¥XypXv]mZ\ km[yXsb X≈n°fbm\mhp∂n√.Aßs\sb¶n¬ uanI Xeßfn¬ ]Xy£s∏Sp∂ qX∑m¿°v k¥XypXv]mZ\w \SØphm≥ Ignbp∂sa∂vk¶ev∏n°mw, As√¶n¬ hoWpt]mb ZqX∑m¿°v ]pcpjicocßƒ kzoIcn®v a\pjyh¿§Øn\p≈n¬ Ibdn∏‰phm\mIpw. hnip≤ ZqX∑m¿°v k¥XypXv]mZ\tijnbn√mØXn\m¬ hoWpt]mb ZqX∑mcpw kvXoIfpwXΩnep≈ _‘Ønep≠msbX∂p hmZn°p∂ Dev]Øn6˛s‚ hymJym\w X≈n°fbphm\mhn√. F∂m¬`qXßfpsS D¤hsØ kw_‘n® Hcp A]q¿ÆambhymJym\amWnXv.

65

a\pjycpsS D≈n¬ ]thin®v Ahsc \nb¥n

°m\mIpw (eqt°m. 22:3; tbml. 13:27). `qXßfpw

AXn\v ian®psIm≠ncn°p∂p (aØm. 12: 22; eqt°m.

11:14˛15). qXßfpw hoWpt]mb ZqX∑mcpw Xpeyambn

KWn°s∏ńńs√¶nepw At\I kmZriy ßfpsS

ASnÿm\Øn¬ `qXßƒ hoWpt]mb ZqX∑mcm

sW∂v Kln°phm\mIpw.

`qXßƒ ZpjvScmb ZqX∑mcmsW∂ A\pam\]Im

cw, BZnbn¶¬ ]m]w sNbvXt∏mƒ Xs∂ Ah¿

`qXßfmbn Xo¿∂p. sNdnb kqN\ amXsabp≈p

sh¶nepw ]nimNns\m∏w, a‰p ZqX∑mcpw ]m]w

sNbvXp F∂v A\pam\n°p∂XmWv bp‡n `Zw.

(`qX∑mcn¬ aq∂nsemcp mKw B Iq´Ønep≠mbncp

∂ncn°mw, shfn. 12:4). ]nimNmbncp∂p AhcpsS

t\Xmhv. ]m]w sNbvXXns‚ A\¥cêambn

Ah\p≠mb A\p`hw I≠psIm≠v B ZqX∑m¿

ssZhØns\Xnsc a’cn®p F∂ Bibw A\p

tbmPya√.

ZqjvS ZqX∑mcn¬ c≠p Iqćp≠v: Hcp Iq´¿°v

`qanbn¬ DuSmSn k©cn®v ]h¿Øn°phm≥

kzmX¥yap≠v, kphntijßfn¬ C°qćpsS

]h¿Ø\ßƒ Z¿in°mw. a‰p Iq´¿ ]mXmfØn¬

_‘\mhÿbnembncn°p∂p (2 ]sXm. 2:4; bqZm.

6; shfn. 9:2). A·nXSmIØnte°v Fdnbs∏Sp∂

in£ e`n°p∂Xn\p apºv _‘\Ønembncn°p∂

bmX\mÿeamWXv(eqt°m. 8:31). Hcp k¶ck¥Xn

]cºc D≠mImsXhÆw kvXoIfpambn _‘Øn

te¿s∏´p hoWpt]mb ZqX∑mcmbncn°pw A‘

Xa n¬ _‘\ÿcmbncn°p∂h¿.

III. `qXßfpsS hy‡nXzw

`qXßƒ tIhew Hcp ZpjvSkzm[o\XsbbmWv

kqNn∏n°p∂sX∂v Nn¥n°p∂hcp≠mIpw.

A⁄cmb ]pcmX\ a\pjy¿ am\knI Akz

ÿXsb hnhcn°phm\p]tbmKn® ]tbmK ambpw

IcpXp∂hcp≠v. 2 _p≤n, C—, hnImcw, F∂nh D≈

hy‡nIfmWv `qXßsf∂v thZ ]pkvXIw

]Tn∏n°p∂p. Ah¿°v _p≤nbp≠v InkvXym\nI

sf°pdn®v AdnbpIbpw sNømw (a¿t°m. 1:24, 34;

eqt°m. 4:34; 8:28; ]h. 19:15). Ah¿°v ssZh

imkvXadnbmw (bmt°m. 2:19). `qXßƒ°v hnImc

ap≠v. AhcpsS `bsØ°pdn®v ss__nƒ hy‡

am°p∂p (eqt°m. 8:28; bmt°m. 2:19). `qXßƒ°v

C—mi‡nbp≠v. ]mXmfØnte°v t]mIp∂Xn\p

]Icw ]∂nIfn¬ ]thin∏m≥ Ah¿ Xncs™Sp∏p

\SØn (eqt°m. 8:22). AhcpsS C— InkvXphns‚

A[nImcØn\p hnt[bamWv (aØm. 8:16; 10:1;

a¿t°m. 1:27). hy‡nXz k¿∆\maßƒ `qXßƒ°p

]Icw D]tbmKn®ncn°p∂XmWv Ah¿ hy‡nIfm

sW∂p ]dbphm\p≈ as‰mcp sXfnhv.

""\kdb\mb tbipsh, Rßƒ°pw \n\°pw

XΩn¬ F¥p? Rßsf \in∏n∏m≥ h∂p

thm? \o B¿ F∂p Rm≥, Adnbp∂p; ssZh

Øns‚ ]cnip≤≥ Xs∂'' F∂p ]d™p

(a¿t°m. 1:24).

IV. `qXßfpsS kz`mh hntijXIƒ

A. `qXßƒ Bflcq]nIfmWv

`qXßƒ Bflm°fmsW∂v GItZiw \mev]Øn

aq∂p ]mhiyw ]pXnb\nbaØn¬ ]Xn]mZn®n

cn°p∂p (DZm. aØm. 8:16; eqt°m. 10:17˛20). Ah¿

PUc‡ßƒ°v hyXntcIamsW∂v ]d™n´p≠v

(Fs^. 6:1˛2). Bflm°sf∂ \nebn¬ Ah¿

AZriycpw ÿe]cnanXnIƒ°p≈n¬ ]cnanXs∏Sp

∂hcpa√. Hcp a\pjyicocØn\p≈n¬ c≠mbnc

tØmfw `qXßƒ°v hkn°msa∂v A\pam\n°mw.

(a¿t°m. 5:9 ImWpI).

B. `qXßƒ [m¿ΩnIambn If¶s∏´hcmWv.

`qXßƒ Bflm°fmsW∂p amXa√, Ah¿

Aip≤mflm°sf∂v hnfn°s∏ńcn°p∂p (aØm.

10:1; a¿t°m. 1:23; eqt°m. 11: 24), Zpcmfl°ƒ (eqt°m.

7:21), A‘ImcØns‚ temIm[n]XnIƒ, kz¿t√m

Ißfnse ZpjvSmfltk\ (Fs^. 6:12) Fs∂ms°

hntijn°s∏ń´p≠v. Nne `qXßƒ a‰p≈hsb

°mƒ ZpjvSX \nd™XmWv (aØm. 12:45).

C. `qXßƒ AZriysc¶nepw shfns∏Sphm≥

]m]vX¿

`qXßƒ kmcmwiØn¬ BflPohnIfmbXn\m¬

Ah¿ kz`mhnIambn AZriycpamWv. Ah¿°v

shfn® ZqXs‚ thjØn¬ ]Xy£s∏Sm\mhpw

(2 sImcn. 11:14). F∂m¬ ]hN\ kw`hßfn¬

`qXßƒ Ad∏ptXm∂n°p∂ hn[Øn¬ _o`’

ambmWv shfns∏Sp∂Xv (shfn. 9:7- 10; 17; 16:13˛16).

V. `qXßfpsS i‡n.

A. `qXßƒ Aam\pjnIsc¶nepw i‡nbn¬

]cnanX¿

`qX_m[nX¿°p km[mcW a\pjysc°mƒ

Uoat\mfPn: `qXßsf∏‰nbp≈ D]tZiw

2. See Steven Waterhouse, strength For His People; A ministryTo Families of the mentally III (Amarillo, TX: Westcliff Press,2002) 91- 101- for the distinction between mental illness anddemon possession.

66

i‡nbp≠v. NßeIÆnIƒ s]mńs®dnbphm≥

Ah¿°v Ignbpw (a¿t°m. 5:3˛4; eqt°m. 8:29).

a¥hmZnIsf Ah¿ thKØn¬ Iogvs∏SpØn (]h.

19:16). alm ]oU\Øn¶¬ ]mXmfØn¬

\ns∂gpt∂‰p hcp∂ `qXßfpsS Iq´Øn\v

sIm√phm≥ A\phmZw ssZhw \¬IpIbn√.

F¶nepw AhcpsS D]Zhw Akly hpw P\w

acn°phm≥ BKln°phm≥ BKln°pIbpw

sNøpw (shfn. 9:1˛11). `qXßƒ Aam\pjnI

i‡nbp≈hsc¶nepw A¤pXßƒ ]h¿Øn°phm

\p≈ AhcpsS i‡n ]cnanXamWv (a¥hmZnIƒ

]pd. 7˛8; aØm. 7:21˛23; 24:24; ]h. 8:9; 16: 16; 2 sX .

2:9; 2 Xnsam. 3:8; shfn. 13:13; 16:13˛14).

almk¿∏Øns‚ hmbn¬ \n∂pw arKØns‚

hmbn¬ \n∂pw I≈]hmNIs‚ hmbn¬

\n∂pw Xhfsbt∏mse aq∂p Aip≤mflm

°ƒ ]pdØp hcp∂Xp Rm≥ I≠p. Ch

k¿∆ `qXeØnepw D≈ cmPm°∑msc k¿∆

i‡\mb ssZhØns‚ almZnhkØnse

bp≤Øn\p Iqńt®¿∏m≥ A¤pXßƒ sNbv

XpsIm≠p AhcpsS ASp°te°p ]pd

s∏Sp∂ `qXmflm°ƒ Xs∂ (shfn. 16:13, 14).

B. `qXßƒ Aam\pjnIsc¶nepw _p≤nbn¬

]cnanX¿

`qXßƒ krjvSnbpsS Bcw`w apX¬°pXs∂

\nehnep≈hcmbncp∂Xn\m¬ a\pjysc°mƒ

IqSpX¬ Imcyßƒ Kln°phm≥ Ah¿°v Ign™p.

ZqX∑m¿°v a\pjysc°mƒ alm⁄m\w DffXn

\m¬ `qXßƒ°pw Aßs\Xs∂bp≠v

(2 iap. 14:20).

C. qXßƒ ÿe]cnanXnIƒ°p≈n¬ s]Sp∂hc√.

c≠mbncØne[nIw `qXßƒ°v Hcp ÿeØv hkn

°phm≥ Ignbp∂Xn\m¬ Ah¿ ÿeØn\[o\

cmWv (a¿t°m. 5:9). Hcp icocsØ _m[n°phm≥

Ah¿°p Ignbpsa∂XpsIm≠v imcocnI AXncp

Isf adnIS°phm≥ km[n°psa∂v hy‡am°p∂p.

F¶nepw ZqX∑m¿ k¿∆hym]nIf√mØXpt]mse

`qXßfpw k¿∆i‡c√.

VI. `qXßfpsS ]h¿Ø\ßƒ

A. s]mXphmb ]h¿Ø\ßƒ

1. kmØm\v hnt[bs∏´v Ahs‚ i‡nsb

hnimemam°pIbpw (aØm. 12:24, 25:41; shfn. 12:7),

Aht\mSp sFIys∏´pw At\ym\yw ssItIm¿Øpw

]h¿Øn°p∂hcmWv `qXßƒ (aØm. 12:26,45;

Fs^. 6:11˛12; 1 Xnsam. 4:1). ^m¶n≥ ]d™Xp

t]mse Aeks‚ a\ v ""kmØms‚ ]h¿Ø\

ime'' Bbncn°pw, F∂m¬ kmØm≥ Hcn°epw

Aek\√. Ctøm_v 1:7 ¬ ImWp∂ kmØm≥

Hcn°epw Aek\√. Ctøm_v 1:7˛¬ ImWp∂

kmØm≥ `qanbnetßmfantßmfw DuSmSn k©cn

°p∂p. ]nimNp Aedp∂ knwlw t]mse Np‰nØncn

™p \S°p∂Xmbn 1 ]sXm. 5:8 ]dbp∂p. Xs‚

ZqXKWßfpsS klmbØm¬ At\I ÿeßfn¬

kzm[o\w sNepØphm≥ kmØm\v Ignbpw.

klmban√msX CXamXw i‡n ]m]n°phm≥

Ah\v Ignbn√.

2. `qXßƒ XXz⁄m\sØbpw temIt\Xm°

∑mcpsS ]hrØnIsfbpw kzm[o\n°p∂p.

Zm\ntb¬ 10˛¬ t]¿jybnse ss]imNnI\mb

]`phns\ °pdn®v ]d™ncn°p∂p (hm. 13). hmIyw

20˛¬ Koknse ss]imNnI\mb ]`phns\∏‰n

kqNn∏n®ncn°p∂p. t]¿jy Ko°p kaqlßƒ

ZpjvSs‚ alm]h¿Ø\ßfnepw D]tZißfnepw

henb ]¶p hln®n´p≠v. ""Cu temIØns‚ ssZhw''

ZpjvSmflm°fneqsS C∂pw temI`cWXesØ

\nb¥n°p∂p.''

3. `qXßƒ sX‰mb aXßsf hf¿Øp∂p (Bh. 32:

17; k¶o. 106:38; 1 sImcn. 10:20 XpSßnb `mKßƒ

PmXnbaXßfpsS `qXmcm[\bpsS bmYm¿∞ysØ

hy‡am°p∂p. C∂pw PmXnb aXmNmcßfpsS

hf¿®bv°p ]n∂n¬ `qXßfmsW∂v hnizkn°p

hm≥ F√m ImcWhpap≠v.

4. qXßƒ A[m¿ΩnIXsb hf¿Øp∂p. kmØm≥

Ak∑m¿§nIXsb hf¿Øp∂Xmbn Fs^. 2:1˛3

]Tn∏n°p∂p. `qXßfpw AXn¬ Dƒs∏ńcn°p∂p

F∂Xv bp‡nhlamWv.

5. `qXßƒ°v a\pjya\ ns\bpw icocsØbpw

_m[n°phm\mIpw. imcocnIambn _m[n°p∂

kmØms‚ ZqXs\°pdn®v ]utemkv FgpXnbncn

°p∂p (2 sImcn. 12:7). eqt°mkv 13:11˛¬ Hcp

ZpjvSmflmhv apJm¥cw D≠mb Hcp AkpJsØ

°pdn®v ImWmw. AXv kmØm≥ ImcWw D≠m°p∂

XmsW∂v ss__nƒ ]Tn∏n°p∂n√. F¶nepw

NnecpsS A‘X, _[ncX, aqIX XpSßnb

`qXmflm hneqsSbmImw (aØm. 12:22; a¿t°m. 9:20-

29; eqt°m. 13:11). icocsØ _m[n°p∂XpIqsS

a\pjycpsS hnImcßsf apdns∏SpØphm\pw

`qXØn\p Ignbpw. kphntijßfn¬ ]Xn]mZn

°s∏ńcn°p∂ `qX _m[nX¿ HmSn Hfn°p∂hcpw,

hrØnbn√mØhcpw (ivaim\ßfn¬ hkn°p∂h¿)


67

kzbw lXy sNøp∂hcpamWv (a¿t°m. 5:3, 5;

a¿t°m. 9:22; eqt°m. 8:27, 9:39).

Ahs‚ ]I¿∏p I√dIfn¬ Bbncp∂p;

B¿°pw Ahs\ NßesIm≠pt]mepw

_‘n®p IqSm™p... Ah≥ cmhpw ]Iepw

I√dIfnepw aeIfnepw CShnSmsX \nehn

fn®pw Xs∂Øm≥ I√psIm≠p NsX®pw

t]m∂p (a¿t°m. 5:3, 5).

AXp Ahs\ \in∏nt°≠Xn\p ]e t∏m

gpw Xobnepw sh≈Ønepw X≈nbn´p;

\n∂m¬ h√Xpw Ignbpw a\ en™p

Rßsf klmbnt°Wsa F∂p ]d™p

(a¿t°m. 9:22).

B. `qXßfpw `mhnIme ]hN\ßfpw

ss]imNnI klmbØm¬ hcphm\p≈ Imcyßƒ

shfns∏SpØp∂ coXnsb oocult F∂mWv hnfn°p

∂Xv. Kp]vXw, \nKqUw, ssZhnI kXyØn¬ \n∂v

BfpIsf hgnsX‰n°phm≥ `qXßfpsS klmb

Øm¬ kmØm≥ ]tbmKn°p∂ X¥amWnXv.

1. `mhnImesØ°pdn®v ss]imNnI klmb

Øm¬ ]hNn°p∂ kwhn[m\amWnXv. ]ehn[

am¿§ß fneqsS `mhnImew ]hNn°p∂hcp≠v.

lkvXtcJm, tPymXnjw, P\n® \mfns‚ ASnÿm

\Øn¬, \£XßfpsS InS∏\pkcn®v, kz]v\ß

fpsS klmbØm¬, ]£nIsfs°m≠v, Xncpshgp

ØpIƒ i‡ambn FXn¿°p∂ ImcyamWv

tPymXnjw. B`nNmc InbbneqsSbp≈ `mhnIme

]h¿Ø\sØ ssZhw FXn¿°p∂p.

a. `mhn]hN\ kºZmbßsf XncpshgpØv

hy‡am°p∂ coXn.

Rm≥ Pev]Ic∑mcpsS iIp∂ßsf hy¿∞

am°pIbpw ]iv\°msc `m¥∑mcm

°pIbpw....'' (sbi. 44:25).

""bnkmtbens‚ ssZhamb ssk\yßfpsS

btlmh C]Imcw AcpfnsNøp∂p.

\nßfpsS CSbnep≈ \nßfpsS ]hmNI

∑mcpw ]iv\°mcpw \nßsf NXn°cpXv;

\nßƒ°p ImWp∂ kz]v\ßsf Iq´m°p

Ibpw AcpXv . Ah¿ Fs‚ \maØn¬

\nßtfmSp t`mjv°p ]hNn°p∂p. Rm≥

Ahsc Ab®nń√ F∂p btlmhbpsS

Acpf∏mSv (bnsc. 29:8˛9).

Krl_nw_ßƒ an∞ymXzw kwkmcn°p

Ibpw e£Ww ]dbp∂h¿ hymPw Z¿in®p

hy¿∞ kz]v\w ]kvXmhn®p hrYm Bizkn

∏n°pIbpw sNøp∂p; AXpsIm≠v Ah¿

BSpIsft∏mse ]pds∏´p CSb≥ C√mbvI

sIm≠p he™ncn°p∂p (skJ. 10:2).

Rßƒ ]m¿∞\m ÿetØ°p sN√p

tºmƒ shfn®∏mSØnbmbn e£Ww ]d™p

bP am\∑m¿°v hfsc em`w hcpØp∂ Hcp

_mey°mcØn Rßsf FXntc‰p (]hr.16:16).

(sbslkvt°¬ 21 : 21 ff ImWpI)

b. tPymXnjsØ kw_‘n®v XncpshgpØpIƒ

IpSqX¬ hy‡am°p∂p.

\ns‚ ssZhamb btlmh \n\°p Xcp∂

GsXmcp ]´WØnse¶nepw \ns‚ ssZhamb

btlmhbv°p A\njvSambp≈XpsNbvXp

Ahs‚ \nbaw ewLn°pIbpw Rm≥

Iev]n®nń√mØ A\y ssZhßsftbm kqcy

Nµ∑msctbm BImiØnse tijw ssk\y

sØtbm sN∂p tkhn®p \akv°cn°p

Ibpw sNbvX ]pcpj\mIs´ kvXobmIs´

\nßfpsS CSbn¬ I≠p ]nSn°pIbpw.. ]´W

hmXnen\p ]pdØp sIm≠pt]mbn Is√dn

™p sIm√Ww (Bh. 17:2, 3, 5).

\ns‚ BtemN\m _mlpeywsIm≠p \o

he™ncn°p∂p; tPymXnj°mcpw \£Xw

t\m°p∂hcpw \n\°p hcphm\p≈ am\km

¥cw Adnbn°p∂hcpw Ct∏mƒ Fgpt∂‰p

\ns∂ c£n°s´; CXm, Ah¿ XmfSnt]mse

Bbn Xo°p CcbmIpw; Ah¿ AKv\nPzme

bn¬ \n∂p Xßsf Xs∂ hnSphn°pIbn√;

AXp Ipfn¿ am‰phm≥ X° I\epw Imbphm≥

X° Xobpan√ (sbi. 47:13˛14).

PmXnIfpsS hgn ]Tn°cpXv; BImiØnse

e£Wßƒ I≠p àn°cpXv; PmXnIƒ

At√m Ah I≠p àn°p∂Xp (bnsc. 10:2).

Rm≥ sblqZbpsS taepw sbcqiteanse

kIe \nhmknIfpsS taepw ssI \o´pw;

Rm≥ Cu ÿeØp \n∂p _mens‚

tijn∏ns\bpw ]ptcmlnX∑mtcmSpIqsS

]qPmcnIfpsS t]cns\bpw ta¬]pcIfn¬

BImiØnse ssk\ysØ \akv°cn

°p∂hscbpw btlmhsbs®m√nbpw

aev°mans\s®m√nbpw kXyw sNbvXp

\kv°cn°p∂ hscbpw.. tOZn®pIfbpw

(sk^. 1:4˛6).


68

(2 cmPm. 23:1; Btamkv 5:26; ]hrØn 7:41˛43

ImWpI).

c. D]kwlmcw

]gb˛]pXnb \nbaßƒ I≈]hmNI∑msc∏‰n

Hcpt]mse hnizmknIƒ°v ap∂dnbn∏p \¬Ip∂p.

am¥nI hnZyIfm¬ mhnIme]hN\w \SØp∂h¿

At\Icps≠∂pw AhcpsS ]hN\w Nnet∏mƒ

kXyambn hcpsa∂pw thZ]pkvXIw hy‡am°p∂p.

F∂ncp∂mepw, `mhnsb kw_‘n®v kmØm\v

]q¿Æamb Adnbn√. AXn\m¬ Ahs‚ ]hN\

ßƒ Ft∏mgpw IrXyambn hcn√. ]gb\nba

hnip≤∑m¿°v XncpshgpØpIfpsS ASnÿm\

Øn¬ CØcw ]hN\ßƒ icntbm sXt‰m F∂p

th¿Xncn®dnbm\mIpambncp∂p (Bh. 13:1˛5; 18:20˛

22; sbi. 19:20). k`bpsS Iaa\pkcn®v CØcw

]hN\ßsfbpw ]hmNI∑mscbpw X≈n°f

bWw. ImcWw At∏mkvXe∑mcpw ]hmNI∑mcpw

k`bpsS ASnÿm\Øns‚ `mKambncp∂p (Fs^.

2:20). ]hmNIsc∂p AhImis∏Sp∂hsc k`bn¬

\n∂v ]pdØm°Ww. ssZhnI shfn∏msS∂p ]d™p

]hNn°p∂h¿°p hmkvXhØn¬ InkXphns\

AdnbpIbn√ (aØm. 7:15; 24:24). (C∂sØ

]hmNI∑mcpsS Id°n°pØpt]mep≈ ]hN

\ßƒ kXyambn h∂mepw AwKoIcn°m\mhn√!

I≈]hmNI∑m¿°v Nnet∏mƒ IrXyambn

]hNn°m\mIpsa∂v ]gb\nbaw ap∂dnb∏p

\¬Ip∂p. `qXßƒ AhcpsS sX‰mb ktµißƒ

Adnbn°phm≥ I≈]hmNI∑msc D]tbm

Kn°p∂p. GXp ktµihpw XncpshgpØpIfpsS

ASnÿm\Øn¬ ]cntim[n®p amXsa AwKoIcn

°mhq (1 tbml. 4:1).

2. ]tcXmfl _‘w

acn®pt]mbhcpsS Bflm°fpambn _‘s∏Sphm

\p≈ iaamWv spiritism AYhm ]tcXmfl _‘w.

]tcXmflm°fpambn _‘w ]pe¿Øphm≥

ian°p∂hsc hnfn°p∂Xv. acn®pt]mb Hcp

hy‡nbpambn _‘w ]pe¿Øphm\mhns√∂v

]YaXm: a\ nem°Ww, emkdns‚bpw [\

hms‚bpw kw`hw AXp hy‡am°p∂p, th¿

s]´pt]mb Bflm°ƒ°v `qanbpambn _‘

s∏Sm\mhn√ (eqt°m. 16:24; k¶o. 88:10; F_m. 9:27

ImWpI). 3 GXp XcØnep≈ Bibhn\nabw

\S∂mepw AXv `qXßfpambn´mWv. krjvSnbpsS

Bcw`w apX¬°pXs∂bp≈ `qXßƒ°v Pohn

®ncp∂ a\pjysc kw_‘n®v At\I Imcyßƒ

Adnbmw. AhcpsS i_vZw t]mepw A\pIcn°phm≥

Ignt™°mw. ]tcXmfl_‘sa∂\nebn¬

a\pjya\ pIsf hioIcn®v B`nNmc i‡nbm¬

\nb¥n°phm≥ `qXßƒ°v Ignbpw. Aßs\

Iqins‚ c£Wyi‡n a\pjy¿°v adhmbn

Xocp∂p. \mw tamibpsS \ymb]amWØn≥ Iogne

√mØXn\m¬ ]tcXmfl _‘w kq£n°p∂h¿°v

AXn¬ ]d™ncn°p∂ acWin£ \S∏m°p

hm\mhn√. F¶nepw CØcw ImcyßtfmSp≈

ssZhØns‚ at\m`mhw \ymb]amWØn¬ \n∂v

Kln°m\mIpw (1 iap. 28:7; 1 Zn\. 10:13˛14; cmPm. 23:

24 ImWpI).

shfn®∏mS∑mcpsSbpw a¥hmZnIfpsSbpw

ASp°¬ t]mIcpXv. Ahcm¬ Aip≤cmbn

Xocphm≥ X°hÆw Ahsc At\zjn

°pIbpw sNøcpXv. \nßfpsS ssZhamb

btlmh BIp∂p (tehy. 19:31).

shfn®∏mS∑mcpsSbpw a¥hmZnIfpsSbpw

]n∂mse ]ckwKw sNbvhm≥ t]mIp∂hs‚

t\scbpw Rm≥ ZrjvSn sh® Ahs\ Ahs‚

P\Øn¬ \n∂p tOZn®pIfbpw (tehy. 20:6).

shfn®∏mtSm a¥hmZtam, D≈ ]pcpj≥

BIs´ kvXobmIs´ acWin£ A\p`

hnt°Ww; Ahsc Is√dn™p sImt√Ww;

AhcpsS c‡w AhcpsSta¬ Ccn°pw

(tehy. 20:27).

shfn®∏mS∑mtcmSp Nnse°pIbpw P]n°p

Ibpw sNøp∂hcmb e£WhmZnItfmSp

Acpf∏mSp tNmZn∏n≥ F∂p Ah¿ \nßtfmSp

]dbp∂psh¶n¬ P\w XßfpsS ssZhtØmS

√tbm tNmZnt°≠Xv? Poh\p≈h¿°pth≠n

acn®htcmtSm tNmZnt°≠Xv? (sbi. 8:19˛20).

3. a¥hmZw

`mhnIme ]hN\tØmSpff _‘Øn¬

ho£n°ptºmƒ a¥hmZw Zriyamb Fs¥¶nepw

ZrjvSm¥a√, adn®v a\pjys‚ kz`mhnI Ignhn\p

a∏pdw `qXßfpsS klmbØm¬ sNøp∂ hnZy

bmWXv, ss]imNnI klmbØm¬ km[ns®Sp

°p∂ I¿Ωw. ""B`nNmcI¿'', ""£pZ°m¿'',

""a¥hmZnIƒ'' Fs∂ms° CØcw hnZyIƒ

sNøp∂hsc thZ ]pkvXIw hnfn°p∂p. a¥

ØInSv, taml\nZ, k¥m\`mKyw, ab°pacp∂v,

3 Communication with the prophet Samuel in I Sam. 28was a special exception allowed by God. Notice thewitch was surprised to see Samuel ( 1 Sam. 28: 12).


69

t]akmêyw F∂nßs\ At\Iw Imcyßƒ

a¥hmZ I¿Ωßfn¬ Dƒs∏Sp∂p. A¤pXw

sNøphm\p≈ kmØms‚bpw `qXßfpsSbpw

i‡nI XncpshgpØv ]q¿Æambpw hy‡am°p

∂p≠v (`mKw˛5 `qXßfpsS i‡nImWpI 2 cmPm.

21:6;2 Zn\. 33:6 ImWpI).

""£pZ°mcØnsb \o Poht\msS sh°

cpXv'' (]pd. 22:18).

""Rm≥ \nßtfmSp B⁄m]n°p∂

sXms°bpw ]amWn®p \S∏n≥; AXnt\mSp

IqćpXv; AXn¬ \n∂p Ipsd°bpw AcpXv.

\nßfpsS CSbn¬ Hcp ]hmNIt\m

kz]v\°mct\m Fgpt∂‰p; \o Adn™nń

√mØ A\yssZhßsf \mw sN∂p tkhn°

F∂p ]d™psIm≠pw Hcp ASbmftam

A¤pXtam ap∂dnbn°pIbpw Ah≥ ]d™

ASbmftam A¤pXtam, kw`hn°pIbpw

sNbvXm¬ B ]hmNIs‚tbm kz]v\°m

cs‚tbm hm°p \o tI´\pkcn°cpXv;

\nßfpsS ssZhamb btlmhsb ]q¿Æ

lrZbtØmSpw ]q¿Æa\t mSpwIqsS \nßƒ

kvt\ln°p∂pthm F∂p Adntb≠Xn\p

\nßfpsS ssZhamb btlmh \nßsf

]co£n°pIbmIp∂p'' (Bh. 13:1˛4).

""Xs‚ aIs\tbm aIsftbm A·n]thiw

sNøn°p∂h≥ ]iv\°mc≥, aplq¿Ø°m

c≥ B`nNmcI≥ , £pZ°mc≥, a¥hmZn,

shfn®∏mS≥, e£Ww ]dbp∂h≥, A÷\

°mc≥ F∂nßs\bp≈hsc \nßfpsS

CSbn¬ ImWcpXv '' (Bh. 18:10˛11).

4. a¥hmZ]camb ab°pacp∂p]tbmKw

a¥hmZI¿Ωßfn¬ ab°p acp∂p]tbmKhpw

Dƒs∏Sp∂Xmbn XncpshgpØp kqNn∏n°p∂p.

ssIhnjhpw a‰pw Cd°ps∂∂v AhImis∏Sp∂

"a¥hmZ sshZy∑msc'' i≤n®m¬ Cu Imcyw

hy‡amIpw. ab°pacp∂n\Snbs∏´hsc `qXßƒ

thKw kzm[o\n®v hiØm°pw. AhcpsS

a\ pIfpsS \nb¥Ww Gs‰Sp°pw. a¥hmZ

I¿Ωßfn¬ ab°pacp∂p]tbmKßfpsS IS∂p

Ib‰w Cu XeapdIfn¬ h¿≤n® hkvXpX

bmZr›nIa√. ab°pacp∂p]tbmKsØ kqNn∏n

°p∂ Ko°p ]tbmKw/ Pharmakia F∂mWv.

CXn¬ \n∂mWv Pharmacy F∂ hm°pcphmbXv.

a¥hmZn F∂ kwt_m[\bn¬ Xs∂ Dƒs∏

ńcn°p∂ ImcyamWv ab°pacp∂p ]tbmKw. (shfn.

9:21; 18:23 ImWpI).

PUØns‚ ]hrØnItfm.... B`nNmcw

(Pharmakia, ^m¿amInbm) (Kem. 5:19˛20).

F∂m¬ òcp°ƒ, AhnizmknIƒ,

Asd°s∏´h¿, Ipe]mXI∑m¿, Zp¿∂S∏p

Im¿, £pZ°m¿ (shfn. 21:8).

\mbv°fpw £pZ°mcpw Zp¿∂S∏pImcpw

Ipe]mXI∑mcpw.. Gh\pw ]pdØp Xs∂

(shfn. 22:15).

VII. `qX_m[

A. \n¿hN\hpw ImcWhpw

Hcp hy‡nbpsS icocØn¬ Hs∂m AXne[nItam

`qXßƒ ]thin®v B hy‡nsb ]q¿Æambn

\nb¥n°p∂ AhÿbmWv `qX_m[. `qX

_m[bv°v Hcp ]tXyIImcWw XncpshgpØv

\¬Ip∂ns√¶nepw a¥hmZmNcßfn¬ Xmev]cyw

]YaXm: ]ISn∏n°pIbpw As√¶n¬ kzbw

Aam\pjnI i‡nIƒ°v hnt[bs∏SpIbpw

sNøp∂XneqsSbmWv CXp kw`hn°p∂sX∂v

At\I¿ hnizkn°p∂p. IpńIsf kw_‘n®v

amXm]nXm°fpsS B`nNmc_‘Ønembncn°pw

Ahsc `qXw _m[n°p∂Xv (a¿t°m. 9:21).

B. `qX_m[bpsS ]tXyIXIƒ

ss]imNnI kzm[o\an√msX Xs∂ ]m]Øns‚

ambmhebØn\p≈n¬ AIs∏Sphm≥ X°hÆw

a\pjylrZbw G‰hpw ZpjvSX \nd™XmWv (bnsc.

17:9; aØm. 15:19). qX_m[sb ssIImcywsNøp∂Xv

hfsc IcpXtemSpIqSn thWw. qXw _m[n® Hcph≥

XI¿°s∏Sphm≥ Hcp InkvXp hnizmknbpsS

km∂n≤yw ImcWamtb°pw. ImcWw ss]imNnI\v

G‰hpw CjvSa√mØ hy‡nbmWv InkvXphnizmkn.

kphntijßfn¬ tcJs∏SpØnbncn°p∂ `qX

_m[nXcpsS ]tXyIXIƒ hyXyÿamWv.

1. `qX_m[bpsS ]tXyIXIƒ XncpshgpØv

hnhn[ `mKßfn¬ IqsS hy‡am°p∂p (aØm.

8:28 ff; a¿t°m. 5:1; 9:17 ff; eqt°m. 8:26). XpS¿

]Xn]mZn®ncn°p∂ ]tXyIXIƒ Hcp `qX_m[n

X\mb hy‡nsb kw_‘n®p≈XmWv.

a. Akm[mcWamb i‡n (NßeIfm¬ _‘n

°phm\mbn√)

b. kaqlØn¬ \n∂v H‰s∏´p (I√dIfn¬ hmkw)

c. cm∏I¬ \nehnfn

d. hn`‡ hy‡nXzw (I¿Ømhns\ Bcm[n


70

°phm≥ HmSns®√p∂p, AtX kabw I¿Øm

hns\ FXn¿°p∂p).

e. Bflnb ImcyßtfmSv AhKW\ (I¿Ømhv

thKw Ahs\ hn´pt]mIWsa∂v Ah≥

BKln°p∂p).

f. Akm[mcWamb Kmlyi‡n (InkvXp

Bsc∂pw in£n°phm\mIp∂ AhnSsØ

i‡nsbbpw a\ nem°p∂p).

g. i_vZ hyXymkw (`qXßƒ i_vZw ]pds∏Sp

hn°p∂p).

h. \psc®p ]√p ISn°p∂p (a¿t°m. 9:18 ff).

i. Aip≤am°p∂p (I√dIfn¬ hmkw)

j. BfllXy ]hWX (I√psIm≠v kzbw apdn

thev∏n°p∂p, XobpsSbpw sh≈Øns‚bpw

ASptØ°v HmSp∂p).

2. `qX_m[bpsS ]tXyIXIƒ anj\dnamcpw

InkvXob D]tZiI∑mcpw Nq≠n°mWn®n´p≠v.

`qX_m[nXsc∂p \oco£n°s∏´ NnecpsS ]tXyI

kzm`mhcoXnIƒ XpS¿∂p \¬Ip∂p.

]pXnb hy‡nXz `mh ]IS\w

Aam\pjnIamb Adnhv.Hcn°epw ]Tn®n´n√mØ

`mjIfn¬ kwkmcw

Aam\pjnI i‡n

[m¿ΩnI A[]X\w

ss\cmiyw

BÀmZ NnØ≥ As√¶n¬ cuZ`mhw

At_m[ a\ nse kw`mjWw

\pc∏n°¬

]m¿∞\tbmSpw hN\]mcmbWtØmSpw

AhKW\

I¿Ømhns‚ \masØ FXn¿°¬

`bw

tcmKtam apdnthm C√msX thZ\m\n¿`camb

tXm∂¬ 4

C. `qX_m[bpw InkvXp hnizmknIfpw

InkvXphnizmknIsf `qXßƒ _m[n°pIbn

s√∂mWv bmYmÿnXnI thZ]WvUnX∑m¿ ]Tn∏n

°p∂Xv. ]cnip≤mflmhv Hcp hnizmknbpsS D≈n¬

hkn°p∂Xn\m¬ InkvXp hnizmknsb `qXØn\v

_m[n°phm\mhns√∂mWv km[mcW ]dbp∂

hkvXpX. F∂ncp∂mepw, AtX BibsaSpØv Hcp

hnizmknbpsS D≈n¬ ]m]Øn\pw hkn°phm≥

IgnbpIbns√∂v hmZn°mw. ]cnip≤mflmhv

D≈t∏mƒ Xs∂ ]m]sØ ]cnt]mjn∏n°phm≥

km[n°psa ∂Xn\m¬ hnizmknIfn¬ `qX_m[

Akm≤ysa∂v Xo¿®s∏SpØn ]Tn∏n°m\mhn√.

InkvXp hnizmknIfpw `qX_m[nXcmIphm≥

km≤yXbps≠∂v D]kwlcn°p∂XmWv DØaw.

F∂m¬ c£ AXn\m¬ \jvSs∏SpIbn√.

CØcØnep≈ _m[bpsS XpS°w hnizmknbpsS

GsX¶nepw XcØnep≈ ss]imNnIt\mSp≈

klIcWØm¬ amXamWv.

1. kmØms\bpw `qXßsfbpw Iqin¬ I¿Ømhv

]cmPbs∏SpØnsb∂v thZ]pkvXIw ]Tn∏n°p∂p.

Ct∏mƒ Cu temIØns‚ \ymbhn[n

BIp∂p; Ct∏mƒ Cu temIØns‚

]`phns\ ]pdØp X≈n°fbpw

(tbml. 12:31).

Cu temIØns‚ ]`p hn[n°s∏´ncn°

sIm≠p \ymbhn[nsb°pdn®pw Xs∂

(tbml. 16:11).

hmgvNIsfbpw A[nImcßsfbpw Bbp[

h¿§w sh∏n®p Iqin¬ AhcpsSta¬

Ptbm’hw sIm≠mSn Ahsc ]ckyamb

ImgvNbm°n (sImsem. 2:15).

a°ƒ PUc‡ßfSpIqSnbh¿ BIsIm≠p

Ah\pw Ahsct∏mse PUc‡ßtfmSp

IqSnbh\mbn acWØns‚ A[nImcnbmb

]nimNns\ Xs‚ acWØm¬ \o°n...

(F_m. 2:14).

. .]nimNns‚ ]hrØnIsf Agn∏m≥

ssZh]pX≥ ]Xy£\mbn (1 tbml. 3:8).

2. Iqinse I¿Ømhns‚ acWØm¬ ]nimNn\v

t\cn´ ]cmPbw aqew P\sØ ]nimNns‚

\nb¥WØn¬ \n∂v hnSphn°phm≥ ssZhØn\v

\oXn]q¿∆amb Hcp ASnÿm\w e`n®p. B adphne

\¬Is∏Sp∂Xn\p apºv ss]imNnI\v hoWpt]mb

a\pjyh¿§Øn\pta¬ AhImiap≠mbncp∂p.

IqipacWw a\pjys‚ hos≠Sp∏n\v ASnÿm\

ambn Xo¿∂p. I¿Ømhv ]q¿Æamb hne sImSpØv

a\pjyh¿§Øn\ptaep≈ ]nimNns‚ \nb¥Ww

C√mXm°n. IqipacWØm¬ ]nimNn\√ adphne

\¬InbXv, adn®v ssZhnI \oXnbpsS

\nh¿Ønbmbncp∂p AXv. `qXmflm°ƒ kPoh

4 See.C. Fred Dickason, Angels: Elect and Evil (Chicago:Moody Press, 1975) 185- 86).


71

amsW¶nepw Iqin¶¬ AhcpsS i‡n \jvS

s∏´hcmWv.

kmØms‚bpw Ahs‚ ZqX∑mcpsSbpw B[n]Xy

Øn¬ \n∂v Hcp hnizmkn tamN\w ]m]n®ncn°p∂p.

]nimNnt\mSv klIcn°mØ, Aht\mSv H´pw Xm

ev]cyw ImWn°mØ Hcp hnizmkn qX_m[nX\m

bn XocpIbn√. Hcp hnizmkn `qX_m[nX\mbn

Xo¿∂m¬ Ah≥ XnI®pw ]cnip≤mfl \nb¥Ww

Dt]£n®h\pw ]nimNnt\mSv hfsc Xmev]cy

apffh\pw Ahs‚ ]hrØnIfn¬ klIcn°phm≥

BKln®h\pambncn°pw.

hnizmkn BbnØo¿∂ Hcph≥ Hcn°epw A‘Imc

Øns‚ ]¶pImc\mhn√. bYm¿∞Øn¬ InkvXp

hn¬ hnizkn®h\msW¶n¬ ]nimNns\ Dt]£n®v

InkvXphns\ ]n≥XpScpw. Ah≥ InkvXphns‚

cmPyØn\hIminbpw ssZh aI\pamWv. ]nimNns‚

Zmk\mb InkvXym\nsbt∂m C√. BbXn\m¬,

Hcp hnizmkn `qX_m[nX\mbnØo¿∂m¬ AXv

Xmev°menIAhÿ amXamsW∂pw InkvXphn

ep≈ InkvXym\nbpsS ÿm\w \jvSs∏Sns√∂pw

a\ nem°nbncn°Ww. Hcp InkvXym\n qX_m[n

X\mIpsa∂v thZ]pkvXIw t\cn v ]Tn∏n°p∂n√.

AXv kw`hn®m¬ Xs∂ B hnizmknbpsS

Xmev]cyw AXnep≠mbncps∂∂pw AXv Ahs‚

G‰hpw ]cnXm]cIcamb AhÿbmsW∂pw

Hm¿°Ww. F∂m¬ AXv XmXv°menI \nb¥Ww

amXamWv, B Ahÿ Hcn°epw XpScpIbn√.

""kXyw AdnIbpw kXyw \nßsf kzX¥cm

°pIbpw sNøpw F∂p ]d™p'' (tbml.

8:32). ""]pX≥ \nßƒ°p kzmX¥yw

hcpØnbm¬ \nßƒ km£m¬ kzX¥¿

BIpw'' (tbml. 8:36).

""Ahsc temIØn¬ \n∂p FSpt°Ww

F∂√ ZpjvSs‚ Iøn¬ AIs∏SmsXhÆw

Ahsc ImØpsImt≈Ww F∂sX Rm≥

At]£n°p∂Xv'' (tbml. 17:15).

F∂m¬ \nßƒ ]m]Øns‚ Zmk∑m¿

Bbncp∂p sh¶nepw \nßsf ]Tn∏n®

D]tZi cq]sØ lrZb]q¿∆w A\pkcn®p

]m]Øn¬ \n∂p kzmX¥yw e`n®p \oXn

°p Zmk∑mcmbn Xo¿∂XpsIm≠p ssZhØn

\p kvtXmXw. ]m]Øn\p Zmk∑mcmbncp∂

t∏mƒ \oXnsb kw_‘n®p kzX¥cmbncp

∂pht√m (tdma. 6:17˛18, 20).

acWØnt\m, Poht\m, ZqX∑m¿t°m, hmgvN

Iƒt°m A[nImcßƒt°m Ct∏mgpff

Xnt\m hcphm\p≈Xnt\m DbcØnt\m

BgØnt\m a‰p bmsXmcp krjvSnt°m

\ΩpsS I¿ Ømhmb tbip InkvXphnep≈

ssZhkvt\lØn¬ \n∂p \sΩ th¿]ncn

∏m≥ IgnIbn√ F∂p Rm≥ Dsd®ncn°p∂p

(tdma. 8:38˛39).

apsº \nßƒ Ccpfmbncp∂p; Ct∏mtgm

I¿Ømhn¬ shfn®w BIp∂p (Fs^. 5:8).

\sΩ Ccp´ns‚ A[nImcØn¬ \n∂p

hnSphn®p; Xs‚ kvt\lkzcq]\mb ]pXs‚

cmPyØnem°n'' (sImsem. 1:13).

BIbm¬ \nßƒ ssZhØn\p IogSßphn≥;

]nimNnt\mSp FXn¿Øp \nev∏n≥; F∂m¬

Ah≥ \nßsf hn´p HmSnt∏mIpw''

(bmt°m. 4:7).

. . .Xs‚ acWØm¬ \o°n Poh]cy¥w

acW`oXnbm¬ ASnaIfmbncp∂hsc

Hs°bpw hnSphn®p (F_m. 2:15).

...\nßfpsS ]XntbmKnbmb ]nimNv Ae

dp∂ knwlw F∂ t]mse Bsc hngptß≠p

F∂p Xnc™p Np‰n\S°p∂p.. Aht\mSp

FXn¿Øp \nev∏n≥'' (1 ]sXm. 5:8˛9).

\nßfnep≈h¿ temIØn¬ D≈hs\

°mƒ henbh\t√m (1 tbml. 4:4).

...ssZhØn¬ \n∂p P\n®h≥ Xs∂Øm≥

kq£n°p∂p; ZpjvS≥ Ahs\ sXmSp∂

Xpan√ (1 tbml. 5:18).

3. D]kwlmcw

Hcp InkvXp hnizmknsbbpw `qX_m[sbbpw

]cnKWn°msX Xs∂ hnizmknIƒ ]nimNn\m¬

`qXKWßfneqsS \nb¥n°s∏Spsa∂v F√mhcpw

AwKoIcn°p∂p (2 sImcn. 11:13˛15; Fs^. 4:27;

bmt°m. 3:15). hnizkvX\mb Hcp hnizmkn B`nNmc

Øns‚ \ng¬t]mepw AhKWn°pw. At∏mƒ

`qX_m[ tIhew Hcp ]mTy hnjbambncn°pw,

Hcn°epw Hcp ]mtbmKnI ]iv\amhpIbn√.


72


73

A≤ymbw 6

A¥t∏mfPna\pjys\∏‰nbp≈ ]T\w

cq]tcJI. a\p-jys‚ Dev]Øn

A. krjvSn-∏ns‚ bmYm¿∞yw

B. krjvSn∏ns‚ kabw

II. a\pjys‚ Bcw` ]IrXw

A. ssZhnI kmZr-iy-Øn¬ krjvSn-°-s∏´

B. ssZhnI kmZriytØmSv _‘s∏´

a\p-jys‚ Ahÿ

1. a\p-jy≥ ssZh-Øns‚ [m¿ΩnI

kmZr-iy-Øn¬

2. a\p-jy≥ ssZh-Øns‚ hy‡n-]-c-amb

kmZr-iy-Øn¬

III.a\pjys‚ hogvN

A. hogvNbpsS hkvXpX

B. hogvNbpsS ]cn-WnX êw

1. th¿]mSv

2. imco-cnI acWw

3. BfloI acWw

a. BfloI ac-W-Øns‚ D¤hw -

BZman¬.

b. P\n®n´p≈ Ghcpw BfloI-ambn -

acn®-h¿

c. hy‡n]-c-amb ]m]hpw, Bflo-I--

a-cWhpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘w

d. BfloI ac-W-sØ-Ip-dn-®p≈

thZ-]pkvX-I-Ønse a‰v `mK-ßƒ

4. km¿∆-XnIhpw ]q¿Æhpamb A[:]X\w

a. lrZb-Øns‚ ]iv\w

b. km¿∆XnI ]iv\-ßƒ

5. kvXotbm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ hogvN-bpsS

]cn-Wn-X-êw

6. ]pcp-j-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ hogvN-bpsS

]cn-WnX êw

7. hogv-NbpsS ]cn-Wn-X- ew a‰v

krjvSn-Ifn¬

IV.tZlnbpsS DXv hw

V. a\pjys‚ Aù--XnI kz`mhØns‚ LS\

A. ssUt°mánÃv(Zzn`mP\) hmZ-Øns‚

sXfn-hp-Iƒ

1. tZln-bpw, Bflmhpw ]cym-b-ß-fmbn

D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

2. Nne-t∏mƒ tZlhpw Bflmhpw Hcp

]q¿Æ hy‡nsb ImWn-°p-∂p.

3. ssSt°mánÃv(Xn`mP\) ImgvN∏mSns\

JWvUn°¬

B. Xn`mP\ Bi-b-Øn-\p≈ sXfn-hp-Iƒ

C. hnjbsØ ASn-ÿm-\-am-°nb Bi-b-ßƒ.

VI. a\pjys‚ ùan-I-AkvXnXzw

A¥t∏mfPn:a\p-jys\∏‰nbp≈ ]T\w

I. a\p-jys‚ Dev]Øn

]cn-Wm-a-kn-≤m¥w imkvXo-b-ambn A]-K-Yn-°p-∂-

Xn¬ D]-tZ-i-kw-c-£-I¿ thZ-]p-kvX-I-im-kvXsØ

°mƒ X¿°imkvX hn⁄m\taJebv°v ]m[m\yw

\¬Ip-∂p. krjvSnhmZØn\v A\pIqeamb

imkvXob kXy-ßƒ Bcm-bp-∂-h¿°v krjvSn-

imkvXw ]N-cn-∏n-°p∂ kwL-S-\-I-fn¬ \n∂pw

hnhn-c-∏- nI e`n-°pw. F∂m¬ thZ-]p-kvX-I-im-kvX-

Øns‚ ]Tn-Xmhv F∂ \ne-bn¬ \ΩpsS DS-s\-bp≈

Bhiyw a\p-jys‚ Dev]-Øn-tbm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬

ssZh hN\w F¥p ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p F∂-Xm-Wv. ]cn-

Wma hmZ-Øns‚ bm-¥nI ]-Inb GXpw C√msX

ssZhw a\p-jys\ t\cn´v krjvSn®p F∂v ssZh

hN\w Dd∏n°p-∂p.

A. krjvSn∏ns‚ hkvXp-X

a\p-jys‚ krjvSn-∏ns\ Ipdn-®p hkvXpX Xnc-kv°-

cn-°m-\m-hmØ hn[w kv]pS-X-tbmSpw Bh¿Øn®pw

ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬ ]Jym -]n -®n -cn -°p -∂p. Cu

D]tZisØ \nckn°phm≥ ssZhhN\Ønep≈

hnizmkw A\phZn°p∂n√. CXv IqSmsX, tbip-

InkvXp BZna a\p-jy-\mb BZmans‚ B£cnI

krjvSn-∏ns\ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂Xn\m¬ tbipInkvXphns‚ B[nIm

cnIX Dd∏n°s∏Sp∂p (Im-WpI Cutøm. 38; k¶o.

8, 148; a¿. 10:6; F_m. 2:7).

74

A\-¥cw ssZhw: “\mw \ΩpsS kzcq-]-Øn¬

\ΩpsS kmZr-iy]Imcw a\p-jys\ D≠m-

°pI....” (Dev]. 1:26).

“btlmh-bmb ssZhw \nesØ s]mSn-sIm≠v

a\p-jys\ \n¿Ωn-®n´p Ahs‚ aq°n¬ Poh-

izmkw DuXn, a\p-jy≥ Poh-\p≈ tZln-bm-

bn-Xo¿∂p” (Dev]. 2:7).

“BdpZn-hkwsIm≠v btlmh BIm-ihpw

`qanbpw kap-Zhpw Ah-bn-ep-≈-sXm-s°bpw

D≠m-°n...” (]pd. 20:11).

“\o, \o amXw btlmh BIp∂p. \o BIm-

i-sØbpw kz¿§m-[n-kz¿§-sØbpw Ah-bnse

kIe ssk\y-sØbpw qan-sbbpw AXn-ep≈

kI-e-sØbpw kap-Z-ß-sfbpw Ah-bn-ep≈

kI-e-sØbpw D≠m°n; \o Ahsb

Hs°bpw c£n-°p-∂p.... BImiØnse

ssk\yw \ns∂ \akvIcn°p∂p”(s\l. 9:6).

“btlmh-bpsS hN-\-Øm¬ BIm-ihpw

Ahs‚ hmbnse izmk-Øm¬ AXnse kIe

ssk\yhpw Df-hm-bn, Ah≥ Acpfn sNbvXp

Aßs\ kw`-hn®p; Ah≥ Iev]n®p;

Aßs\ ÿm]n-X-am-bn (k-¶o. 33:6,9).

“AXn\v Ah≥, krjvSn-®-h≥ BZn-bn¬

Ahsc BWpw s]Æp-ambn krjvSn®p

F∂pw \nßƒ hmbn®n´n√tbm” (aØm. 19:4).

“AXpsIm≠v GI- a-\p-jy-\m¬ ]m]hpw

]m]-Øm¬ ac-Whpw temI-Øn¬ IS-∂p.

Cßs\ F√m-hcpw ]m]w sNbvI-bm¬ acWw

kIe a\p-jy-cnepw ]c-∂n-cn-°p∂p; F¶nepw

hcp-hm-\p-≈-hs‚ ]Xn-cq-]-amb BZm-ans‚

ewL-\-Øn\v Xpey-ambn ]m]w sNøm-Ø-h-

cnepw acWw BZmw apX¬ tamsi-hsc hmWn-

cp-∂p (tdm-a. 5:12,14).

“BZman¬ F√m-hcpw acn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse

InkvXp-hn¬ F√m-hcpw Pohn-∏n°-s∏Spw;

.....H∂mw a\p-jy-\mb BZmw Poh-\p≈ tZln-

bm-bn-Xo¿∂p....” (1 sImcn. 15:22,45).

“I¿Ømth \o k¿∆hpw krjvSn-®-h\pw

F√mw \ns‚ CjvSw tlXp-hm¬ D≠m-bXpw,

krjvSn-°-s∏- Xpw BI-bm¬ al-Xzhpw _lp-

am-\hpw i‡nbpw ssIsIm-≈p-hm≥ tbmKy≥

F∂p ]d-™p-sIm≠v Xß-fpsS Inco-S-ßsf

knwlm-k-\-Øn\v apºn¬ CSpw” (shfn. 4:11).

B. krjvSn∏ns‚ kabw

P\n∏n®p F∂-Xns‚ F_mb Bibw “]q¿∆nI≥

BIpI” F∂mWv. AXp-t]mse Hcp-a-\p-jys‚

]pX≥ F∂-Xp-sIm≠v Ahs‚ k¥Xn F∂pw

A¿∞-am-Ip-∂p. (“A_lmw ]nXm-hv,” “ZmhoZns‚

k¥-Xn” Ch Nn¥n-°p-I) thZ-]p-kvXI hwim-

henbn¬ kmc-a-√mØ hnShpIƒ h∂n-´p≠v (D-Zm.

aØm. 1:8˛¬ tbmcmw D n-bmsh P\n-∏n®p F∂v ]d-

™n-cn-°p-s∂-¶nepw tbmcm-ans‚ sIm®p-a-Is‚ aI-

\mWv D n-bm-hv)1. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ IpSpw-_-Ønse

]ap-J-cpsS t]cp-Iƒ amXw tN¿°p-hms\ KŸ-

I¿Ømhv ian-®n- p-≈p.

Dev]Øn 5 apX¬ 11 hsc-bp≈ hwim-hen ]T-\-Øn¬

_nj∏v Atj¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse B.C.4004 -˛emWv ssZhw a\p-jys\ krjvSn -®Xv F∂v

\njvI¿jn®v hniz-kn-t°-≠. IpSpw-_-Ønse ]ap-

J-cpsS t]cp-Iƒ amXw DƒsIm-≠vsIm≠v am\-h-cm-

in -bpsS sR´n∏n°p∂ Ime ssZ¿Ly-Øns‚

IW°pIƒ AwKo-Ir-X-a -√. am\-h-cm -in -bpsS

ssZ¿Lyw 10 e£w h¿j-ß-fmWv F∂v ImWn-°p-

hm≥, BZw apX¬ A_lmwhsc-bp≈ Hmtcm-cp-Ø-

cp-sSbpw Pohn-X-Im-e-ß-fn¬ 50,000 h¿j-ßƒ

hyXymkw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p F∂v ]d-bp-∂p. CXv kXy-

Øn¬ hwim-h-en-bn¬ D≈ hnS-hns\ A¿∞-iq-\y-

ambn s]mcp-∏n-®p-Im-Wn-°p-∂p. AØ-c-Øn-ep≈ Hcp

hwim-hen D]-tbm-K-iq-\y-amb H∂m-Wv. CXn¬ Adn-

b-s∏-SmØ CSthf B C 4004- \v apºp≈ hfsc Npcp-

ßnb Bbncw h¿j-ßƒ amX-am-Imw. \ne-hn-ep≈

CS-th-f-Iƒ IqSn Dƒs∏-Sp-Ønbmepw am\-h-cmin

Ct∏mgpw sNdp-∏-am-Wv.

II. a\pjys‚ Bcw` ]IrXw

A. ssZhnI kmZr-iy-Øn¬ krjvSn-°-s∏- p.

‘tZln’°p]tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂, F_mb bh\ hm°p-

Iƒ arK-ßƒ°pw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂p (D-Zm. Dev].

1:20- 21, 24, 30; shfn. 8:9; 16:3) arK-ßƒ°pw Poh-izmkw

D≠∂v ]d-™n-cn -°p-∂p (D-ev]. 6:17; 7:15,22)2

arKßfn¬ \n∂v a\pjys\ hyXyÿ\m°p∂Xv

a\pjy≥ ssZhoIkmZriyØn¬ krjvSn°s∏´p

F∂XmWv.

1ImWpI, J. Dwight Pentecost, The Words and Works ofJesus Christ(Grand Rapids, Zondervan Publishing, 1981)33-39 for an excellent treatment of genealogies2 a\p-jy-\pw, arK-ßƒ°pw Htc-t]m-se-bp≈ tZln-bmWvF∂v hymJym\n°phm≥ IgnIbn√. arK-ß-fn¬\n∂pwa\p-jy\p≈ ASnÿm]camb Hu∂Xyw ssZh-Øns‚kmZr-iy-Øn¬ Ah≥ krjvSn-°-s∏´p F∂-Xm-Wv.


75

s]mSn-sIm≠v krjvSn® a\p-jy-\n¬ ssZhw ]tXy-

I-ambn DuXn F∂Xv Ah≥ arK-sØ-°mfpw

]m[m\yw D≈h≥ F∂v ImWn-°p-∂p. Poh-izmkw

Ah-bn¬ Ds≠-¶nepw Ahs‚ Poh≥ \evIp∂

izmkw D≈Xmbn Hcn-°epw ]d-™n- n√ (D-ev]. 2:7).

F¥m-bn-cp-∂mepw a\p-jys‚ A]-tab khn-ti-jX

Ah≥ ssZh-Øns‚ kmZr-iy-Øn¬ krjvSn-°-s∏´p

F∂-XmWv (D-ev]. 1:26). ssZh-Øns‚ kmZr-iy-Øn¬

krjvSn-°-s∏´p F∂-Xns‚ \n¿∆-N\w hy‡-ambn

a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂Xv a\p-jys‚ hogvN-bn-

eqsS B kmZriyw \jvS-ambn F∂ hmIy-Øn-eq-

sSbm-Wv.

“A\-¥cw ssZhw; \mw \ΩpsS kzcq-]-Øn¬

\ΩpsS kmZr-iy-]-Imcw a\p-jys\ D≠m-

°pI” (Dev]. 1:26).

B. ssZhnI kmZriytØmSv _‘s∏ v a\p-jys‚

Ct∏m-gsØ Ah-ÿ

Dev]. 9:6; 1 sIm-cn. 11:7, bmt°m_v 3:9 apX-emb thZ-

`m-K-ßƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv hogvN°v tijhpw ssZhoI

kmZr-iy-Øn¬ Nne- LSI-ßƒ Ah-\n¬ Ds≠-∂Xv

Ahs‚ Hu∂XysØ ImWn-°p-∂p. AXn-\m¬ i]n-

°p-∂-Xpw, sIm√p-∂Xpw ssZh-Øn\v kzoIm-cy-a-√,

AXv Hcp c£n-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-h≥ Iq-Sn-bm-sW-¶nepw

Ah\n¬ ssZhnI kmZriyØns‚ Nne LSIßƒ

D≠v. Cu D]-tZ-i-Øn\v hntcm-[-ambn i_vZ-ap-

b¿Øp∂ kaqlw a\p-jy-Po-hs‚aqeyw \jvS-am-°p-

∂p. ssZh-km-Zr-iy-Øn¬ krjvSn-°-s∏- -XmWv a\p-

jy-Po-hs‚ hnebv°v B[mcw. ssZhw a\p-jys\

krjvSn®p F∂ D]-tZiw hne-Ip-d®v ImWp-tºmƒ

krjvSn-bmb a\p-jy\pw AtX aqey-NypXn kw -hn

°p-∂p.

“Bsc¶nepw a\p-jys‚ c‡w sNmcn-bn-®m¬

Ahs‚ c‡w a\p-jy≥ sNmcn-bn-°pw. ssZh-

Øns‚ kzcq-]-Øn-et√m a\p-jys\ D≠m-°n-

bXv” (Dev]. 9:6).

]pcp-j≥ ssZh-Øns‚ ]Xn-abpw tXP pw

BI-bm¬ aqSp -]Sw CtS -≠-Xn -√. . .”(1 sImcn 11:7).

“...ssZh-Øns‚ kmZr-iy-Øn-ep-≠mb a\p-

jysc AXn-\m¬ i]n-°p∂p” (bmt°m. 3:9).

ta¬∏-d™ hmIy-ßƒ hoWp-t]mb a\p-jy-\nepw

(c-£n-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-h-\n-epw) ssZhnI kmZr-iy-Øns‚

Nne LSIßƒ Ds≠∂v sXfn-bn-°p-∂p, Ft^. 4:24

Dw, sImtem. 3:10Dw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv hnizm-kn-Iƒ

ÿm\obambn ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂p Xs‚ bYm¿∞

kmZriy-Øns‚ Hcp mKw ]m]n-®p, ]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn

CXv ssZh kmZr-iy-tØmSv CShnSmsX kao-]n-°p∂p.

Cu c≠v thZ- m-K-ßfpw ka-\z-bn-∏n-°p-∂Xv a\p-

jys‚ hngvN-bn¬ ssZhn-I-km-Zr-iy-Ønse kXy-hpw,

hnip-≤nbpw a\p-jy\v \jvS-ambn F∂m-Wv.

“kXyØns‚ ^e-amb \oXn-bnepw, hnip-≤n-

bnepw ssZhm-\p-cq-]-ambn krjvSn-°-s∏´

]pXp -a -\p -jys\ [cn -®p -sImƒhn≥”(Ft^. 4:23- 24).

“Xs∂ krjvSn-®-hs‚ ]Xn-a-]-Imcw ]cn-

RvPm-\-Øn-∂mbn ]pXp°w ]m]n-°p∂

]pXnb a\p-jys\ [cn®ncn-°p-∂-h-t√m”(sImtem. 3:10).

]k‡-amb thZ-`m-K-ßƒ H∂n®p tN¿Øv a\p-

jys‚ hngvN-bn-eqsS Ah\v \jvS-am-b- kmZriyßfpw

\ne\n¿Ønt∏mcp∂ hißfpw XΩn¬ th¿Xncn®v

a\ nem°phm≥ klmbn°p∂p. Cu c≠v

hn`mKßƒ ssZh-Øns‚ [m¿ΩnI kmZr-iy-ßƒ

F∂pw, ssZh-Øns‚ hy‡-n]-c-amb kmZr-iy-ßƒ

F∂p-am-Wv. hoWpt]mb a\p-jy\v [m¿ΩnI kmZr-

iy-ßƒ \jvS-ambn AXv InkvXp-hn-eqsS hos≠-Sp-

Øp. F∂m¬ c≠m-aXv ]d-™n-cn-°p∂Xv Hcn-°epw

\jvS-am-bn-√. AXn-\m¬Xs∂ kIe a\p-jycpw

Ct∏mgpw hne-bp-≈-hcm-Wv.

1. a\p-jy≥ ssZh-Øns‚ [m¿ΩnI kmZr-iy-Øn¬

hogvNbn-eqsS Cu [m¿ΩnI kmZriyw \jvS-ambn

a\p-jy\v ssZhsØ Ipdn-®p≈ Adn-hpw, ssZh-

Øns‚ kXy-ßfpw \jvS-am-bn. (A-Xn¬ sX‰pw

icnbpw Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p) (sImtem. 3.10) . Ft^. 4:24

A\p-k-cn®v a\p-jy\v hnip-≤n-bpw, \oXnbpw \jvS-

am-bn. a\p-jys‚ bYm¿∞ Ah-ÿ-bn¬ ssZh-

Øns‚ krjvSn-sb-°p-dn®pw, ssZh-sØ-°p-dn-®p-ap≈

Bg-amb Adn-thm-Spw- Iq-Sn-bmWv krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv

F∂XmWv ssZhnIkmZriyw F∂XpsIm≠v

A¿∞am°p∂Xv. ssZhsØt]mse hnip-≤n-bn-epw,

\oXn-bnepw krjvSn-°-s∏- p. Ah≥ ]m]w sNbvX-

t∏mƒ ssZhnIkmZriyØn¬ \n∂pw hfsc hn`n∂-

am-bn, ]tXy-Im¬ hnip-≤n-bn-epw, \oXn-bn-epw

BfloI]cn⁄m\Ønepw.

2. a\p-jy≥ ssZh-Øns‚ hy‡n-]-c-amb kmZr-iy-

Øn¬

hoWp-t]mb a\p-jy\pw ssZhoI kmZr-iy-ß-fn¬

Nne-Xp-s≠-∂v \mw ]Tn-®p-ht√m? ]tXy-I-ambn H∂pw

]d™n´n√. a\p-jys\ ssZh-tØmSv XmcXayw sNøp-

∂-Xn¬ bp‡n]camb IpdhpIƒ \√ Bibßƒ

A¥t∏mfPn: a\p-jys\∏‰nbp≈ ]T\w

76

e`yam°p∂p. ssZhw Hcp hy‡n-bmWv (C-—, hnImcw,

_p≤n) a\p-jy≥ Hcp hy‡n-bmWv (_p-≤n, hnImcw,

C—) ssZhw Bflm-hm-Ip-∂p. a\p-jy≥ ASn-ÿm-\-

]-c-ambn Hcp Bfl-Pohn-bm-Wv. ssZhw A\-iz-c-\mWv.

a\p-jys‚ Bflmhpw \mi-an-√m-Ø-Xm-Wv. ssZhw

F√m‰ns‚bpw A[nImcnbmWv. AXp-t]mse a\p-

jy\pw Nne Imcyßfn¬ ssZhsØt∏msebmWv.

ssZhw Bi-b-hn-\n-abw sNøp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Hcp kmaq-

ly-kz-`mhw D≠v. ssZh-Øns‚ kmZriyamb

Bibhn\nabw a\p-jy-\n¬ D≈-Xp-sIm≠v a\p-

jy\pw kmaq-ly-PohnbmWv. hoWp-t]mb a\p-jy\pw

ssZh-Øns‚ kmZr-iy-Øn¬ Nne-Xp≈ \in-°mØ

Bflm-hp≈h\m-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v F√m a\p-jy-cpw,

c£n-°-s∏- -h-\pw, A√m-Ø-h\pw hne-tb-dnbh\pw

hne-bp-≈-h-\p-am-Wv.3

III. a\pjys‚ hogvN

A. hogvNbpsS hkvXpX

a\pjys\ kw_‘n® D]tZiw ]m]sØ kw_‘n®

D]tZißfn¬ Iqń]ncn™p InS°p∂XpsIm≠v

AXns\ ]q¿Æambn th¿Xncn°phm≥ IgnIbn√.

a\pjys‚ hogvNsb kw_‘n® hkvXpX eLp

hmbn ChnsS ]cma¿in°pw. IqSpX¬ hniZambn

km¿∆XnI A[x]X\w F∂ `mKØv XpS¿∂v

hniZoIcn°p∂p≠v.

“btlmh-bmb ssZhw D≠m-°nb F√m-Im- p-

P-¥p-°-sf-°mfpw ]mºp Iui-e-ta-dn-b-Xm-bn-

cp -∂p. AXp kvXotbmSp: tXm´-Ønse

bmsXmcp hr£-Øns‚ ehpw \nßƒ Xn∂-

cp-sX∂p ssZhw hmkvX-h-ambn Iev]n-®n-

´pt≠m F∂p tNmZn-®p. kvXo ]mºn-t\mSv:

tXm -Ønse hr£-ß-fpsS êw Rßƒ°p

Xn∂mw: F∂m¬ Rßƒ acn-°m-Xn-cn-t°-≠-

Xn\p tXm -Øns‚ \Sp-hn-ep≈ hr£-Øns‚

êw Xn∂-cp-Xv, sXmSp-Ibpw AcpXv F∂v

ssZhw Iev]n-®n- p≠v F∂p ]d-™p. ]mºp

kvXotbmSp: \nßƒ acn-°p-I-bn√ \n›bw;

AXp-Xn-∂p≈ \mfn¬ \nß-fpsS IÆp-Xp-d-°p-

Ibpw \nßƒ \∑ Xn∑-Isf Adn-bp-∂-h-cmbn

ssZh-sØ-t]mse BIp-Ibpw sNøpw F∂p

ssZhw Adn-bp∂p F∂p ]d-™p. B hr£

êw Xn∂m≥ \√Xpw Imäm≥ `wKn-bp-

≈Xpw ⁄m\w ]m]n-∏m≥ Imayhpw F∂p

kvXo I≠p êw ]dn-®p-Xn∂p `¿Øm-hn\pw

sImSpØp; Ah∂pw Xn∂p” (Dev]. 3:1˛6).

B. hogvNbpsS ]cn-Wn-X- ew

Cu `mKØv a\p -jys‚ hog vN -aq -e -ap -≠mb

ZpxJIcamb ê-ßsf hnh-cn-°p-∂p. BZmans‚-

]m]w Fßs\ k¥Xn]cºcIfnte°p IW°n´p

F∂ ]bmkap≈ hnjbw Ggmw A≤ym-b-Øn¬

“]m]XXz -im -kvX” -Øn¬ ImWmhp∂XmWv

(lmat‰mfPn).

1. th¿]mSv

BZy Zº-Xn-Iƒ tXm -Øn¬ \n∂pw, Pohs‚ hr£-

Øn¬\n∂pw ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂pw th¿s]´p

(D-ev]. 3:22˛24).

2. imco-cnI acWw

ico-c-Øn¬\n∂pw Bflmhv th¿s]-Sp-∂-XmWv imco-

cnI acWw (bm-t°m. 2:26). ssZhw BZmant\mSv ]d-

™-Xn¬ Ahs‚ ]m]-Øns‚ Hcp ]cn-WnX êw

s]mSn-bn-te°v XncnsI tNcpI F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p

(Dev]. 3:19; ImWpI Dev]. 5:5). BZmans‚ ]m]w

kIe a\p-jy-\nepw imcocnI acWw hnX®p F∂v

]usemkv ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p (tdm-a. 5:12-˛14, 1 sIm-cn.

15:21-˛22).

“AXpsIm≠v GI-a-\p-jy-\m¬ ]m]hpw ]m]-

Øm¬ ac-Whpw temI-Øn¬ IS∂p Cßs\

F√m-hcpw ]m]w-sN-bvI-bm¬ acWw kIe

a\p-jy-cnepw ]c-∂n-cn-°p-∂p. ....F¶nepw hcp-

hm-\p-≈-hs‚ ]Xn-cq-]-amb BZm-ans‚ ewL-

\-Øn\v Xpey-ambn ]m]w sNøm-Ø-h-cnepw

acWw BZmw-ap-X¬ tamsi hsc hmWn-cp-∂p”(tdma. 5:12,14).

a\p-jy≥ aqew ac-W-ap-≠m-I-bm¬ acn-®-

hcpsS ]p\-cp-∞m-\hpw a\p-jy≥aqew D≠m-

bn. BZm-an¬ F√m-hcpw acn-°p-Xp-t]mse....”(1 sImcn. 15:21,22).

]m]w acWØn\v ImcWamIp∂p F∂v a‰ v

hmIyßƒ ]Tn∏n°p∂p. F∂m¬ BZmans‚ ]m]w

imcocnI acWØn\v ImcWambn F∂v ]Tn∏n°p∂

Xn\p ]Icw s]mXphmbn ]m]sØ BZmans‚ ]m]

Øn¬\n∂v IW°nSs∏´tXm AYhm F√mhcnepw

]c∂ncn°p∂ ]m]]amWtam hy‡n]camb

]m]tam acWØn\v ImcWambn F∂v ]Tn∏n°p∂p.


3 Nne¿ ]d-bp-∂Xv ssZhw aq∂v hy‡n-Xz-ßƒ Hcp-an®vtN¿∂ Hcp kØ F∂-Xp-t]mse a\p-jy\pw tZlw,tZln, Bflmhv F∂o aq∂p LSIßƒ tN¿∂ H∂mWv.F∂m-Wv. Cu Xmc-Xayw IrXy-ambn ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂n-√. Hmtcm a\p-jy\pw At\ym\yw kwkmcn°phm\pwCSs]Sphm\pw Ignbp∂ aq∂v hy‡nXzßƒ H∂n®ptN¿∂ Hcp AkvXnXza√.

77

4 c£n-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-h-cn¬ ]m] -kz- m-hhpw ]m] -]-h¿Øn-Ifpw ac-W-Øn\v Imc-W-am-Ip-∂p. hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v ]m]-£a e`n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. F∂n´pw Ah¿ imco-cn-I-ambn acn-°p-∂p. Hcp Bflm-hns‚ imco-cn-I-a-c-W-Øn\v ImcWwan°-hmdpw ]I-c-s∏´ ]m]-am-Wv. hy‡n-]-c-amb ]m]-ßƒBbn-cn-°n-√. Hcp Bfln-I\v acWw F∂Xv Hcp in£-b√ AXn-ep-]cn A\p-K-l-am-Wv (^n-en. 1:23;shfn. 14:13) .

acWw F∂Xv ]m]Øns‚ Hcp kzm`m-hn-I - e-amW,vHcp inj-b-√. ]m]-Øns‚ kzm`m-hnI ]c-n-WnX-êwssZhw d±m°nbn√. adn®v AsXmcp al-Xz-ambn ssZhwam‰n. F∂m¬ Hcp hnizmkn ]m]-ßƒ G‰p-]-d-bm-sXbpwhy‡n-]-c-amb ]m]-ßfn¬ XpS-cp-Ibpw sNbvXm-¬ AXvimco-cnI ac-W-Øn\v Hcp LSIamIpw (1- sIm-cn. 11:30;1 tbml. 5:16).5 cN-bn-Xmhv hfsc hy‡-ambn \nXy-in-£m-hn[n F∂D]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂p. \nXy-in£ hogvN-bpsS


hy‡n]camb ]m]w \ymb]amWw hsc IW°nń

cp∂n√(tdma. 5:13). F¶nepw \ymb]amWØn\v

apºp≈hcpw BZmans‚ ]m]Øm¬ acn®ncp∂p.

\ymb]amWw h∂Xn\ptijw imcocnI acWw

kw`hn®Xv Xmsg]dbp∂ ImcWßfmembncn°pw.

BZmans‚ ]m]w IW°n´p, Hmtcm hy‡nbpsSbpw

]m]kz`mhw, hy‡n]camb ]m]w. 4

RßfpsS A∏≥ acp- q-an-bn¬sh®v acn-®p-t]m-

bn. F∂m¬ Ah≥ btlm-h-°p-hn-tcm-[-ambn

tImc-in-t\mSp IqSn-b-h-cpsS Iq -Øn¬ tN¿∂n-

cp-∂n√; Ah≥ kz¥-]m-]-Øm¬ AsX

acn®-Xv (kw-Jy. 27:3).

BI-bm¬ \nß-fpsS ]m]-ß-fn¬ \nßƒ

acn°pw F∂pRm≥ \nß-tfmSp ]d™p;

Rm≥ Aß-s\-bp-≈-h≥ F∂v hniz-kn-°m-

™m¬ \nßƒ \nß-fpsS ]m]-ß-fn¬

acn°pw F∂p ]d™p” (tbml. 8:24).

..... icocw ]m]w \nanØw acn-t°-≠-Xm-

Ip∂p... (tdm-a. 8:10).

ac-W-Øns‚ hnj-ap≈v ]m]w...(1 sImcn. 15:56).

3. BflnI acWw

ssZhw Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ°v A\p-k-cWt°Sv ImWn-

°p∂ \mfn¬ acn°pw F∂v ap∂-dn-bn∏v sImSp-Øn-

cp∂p (D-ev]. 2:17). BZ-hpw, l∆bpw ]m]w sNbvX-

t∏mƒ Ah≥ BflnIambn acn-®p, a\p-jy-h¿§-Øn¬

]nd∂ Gh-cnepw AXns‚ ]cn-Wn-X- ew ]Xn- -

en-®p. Hcp a\p-jy≥ P\n-°p-tºmƒ Bfln-I-ambn acn-

®n-cp∂p F∂v ]d-™m¬ Ah≥ ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂pw

th¿s]´p F∂¿∞w. eqt°m. 15:24,32 sXfn-bn®p-X-

cp-∂Xv acWw th¿]m-Sn\v Xpeyw F∂m-Wv. \nXy-

amb ac-W-sØ kw_‘n® Hcp ]T\w Cu

kqNnIbv°v DX-Ip -∂-X-√. F∂m¬ ssZh-

]cnWnX êw F∂v th¿Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bn-√. At\-Icpw hniz-kn-°p-∂Xv \c-I-Ønse \nXy-in£ BZm-ans‚]m]-Øns‚ êtam hy‡n-]-c-amb ]m]-Øns‚ êtamF∂mWv. Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xv, Hcp-h≥ \nXy-\-c-I-Øn-te°v t]mIp-∂Xv InkvXp-hns\ Xnc-kv°-cn-°p-∂XpsIm≠mWv (H-∂p-In¬ t\cn v InkvXp-hns\ Xnc-kv°-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sImt≠m As√-¶n¬ B hy‡n-In-kvXp-hns\Hcn-°epw kzoI-cn-°n√ F∂ ssZh-Øns‚ ap∂-dn-hns‚ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-tem). Hcp a\p-jys‚ \nXyX F∂XvAhs‚ kz¥w Xocp-am-\-amWv adn®v BZw F¥p-sN-bvXp-Ft∂m sNbvXn√ Ft∂m ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-b-√. tdma. 5:12-˛20 thZ-]p-kvX-I-Ønse a¿Ω-ß-fn¬ G‰hpw D∂-X-hpw,ssZh-im-kvX-⁄∑m¿ Gh-scbpw Ffn-a-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-XpamWv. F√m ssZh-im-kvXob \nco-£-W-ß-fnepw Hcphnjbw hy‡ambncn°p∂p. Hcp-h\v amXta Poh≥\evIphm≥ Ignbq. Hcp Poh\v F√m -a-\p-jy-scbpwhyXymks∏SpØphm≥ Ignbpw F∂v BZmans‚ hkvXpXhniZoIcn°p∂p. s]utemkv BZm-ans\ Ipdn®v Hcp]T\w \evIp-I-b-√. BZmans‚ PohnXw kI-e-a-\p-jy-cp-sSbpw Pohn-XsØ kv]¿in®p F¶n¬ Hcp c£-Is‚Poh≥ kI-e-tem-I-Øn\pw Poh-Zm-b-I-am-Wv. s]utemkvXs‚ c≠m-asØ Xmc-X-ay-Øn-eqsS A\¥cmhImiambne`n® AIr-XysØ Ipdn®v hnh-cn-°p-I-b√ tdma¿ 5˛¬BZman -\p -≠m-bn -cp∂ ico -csØ Ipdn®v F√mhymJymXm°fpw au\w Zo£n-°p-∂p. F]-Im-c-amWv a\p-jys‚ tZln Hcp- Xeapdbn¬ \n∂pw ASpØXn-te°v]I-c-s∏- p-∂Xv?. IpSpw-_m-kqX-W-Øn-\pw, K¿`w Ae-kn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\pw F¥v DØcw/ Hcp- inip A\¥cmhImiamb -]m-]-Øn¬ acn-°msX c£n-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥-F¥v hgn?tdma¿. 5- ¬ IrXy-ambn DØcw e`n-°mØ Hcp tNmZy-amWv \nXy-\ym-b-hn -[n°v A¿l-amb hne-tb-dnb\oXn]Xw. tdma¿ 5 ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv GI-a-\p-jys‚]m]Øm¬ acWw kI-ecnepw ]th-in®p F∂m-Wv.ChnsS ]d-bp∂ acWw Bfln-I-hpw imco-cn-I-hp-amWv,\nXy-a-cWw A√ F∂v s]usemkv ka¿∞n-°p∂p F∂-Xn\v Cu Bibw aXn. BZmw BfloI, imco-cnI acWwtemIØnte°p sIm≠p-h-∂Xp-t]mse InkvXp- k-I-e-a-\p-jy¿°pw Pohs‚ B[m-c-am-Wv. s]usemkns‚XpS¿∂p≈ 14- mw hmIy-Ønse hnh-cWw \nXy-a-c-WsØDƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bmIn-√. lmt\m-°v Hgn-sI, BZmw apX¬tamsihsc-bp≈ F√m-hcpw imco-cn-I-am-bn acn®p. Bflo-I-ambn acn®hcmbn´mWv Ah¿ P\n®Xv(ssZhØn¬ \n∂vth¿s]´h¿). F∂m¬ Cu Ime-b-f-hn¬ \nXy-a-cWwF√m-h-cnepw hmWncp-∂n-√. F_m. 11:1˛22 ]ap-J-ambhy‡n-I-fpsS t]cp-Iƒ \evIp-∂p. 14- mw hmIy-Øn¬ imco-cn-I, BflnI ac-W-amWv ]d-™n-c-n-°p∂sX¶n¬, 12- mwhmIy-Ønepw AØ-c-Øn-ep≈ ac-W-amWv ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

tdma¿ 5 ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv tbip-In-kvXp-hns\IqSmsXBZman¬\n∂pw hym]-cn® ]m]w km¿∆-XnI BflnIac-W-Øn\v (ssZ-h-Øn¬\n-∂p≈ th¿]m-Sv) tlXp-hm-Ip∂p. AXp-t]mse \ΩpsS \ymbm-[n-]-[n-bmb ssZh-Øn-\p-ap-ºn¬ \ymb-hn-[nbv°pw (hm-Iy-ßƒ 16, 18). a\p-jy¿Gh-cp-sSbpw kvXobm-Is´ ]pcp-j-\m-Is´ Ah-cpsSkzm`m-hnI Ahÿ F∂Xv \oXn-I-cn-°-s∏-Sm-ØXvF∂mWv. Cu kXyw \nXy-a-c-WsØ kqNn∏n-°p-∂p.ChnsS s]usemkv BK-ln-°p-∂Xv I¿Øm-hmbInkvXp -tbip C√mØ \ΩpsS PohnXØns‚

78


]cnWnXêambnc°∂ \nXy-a-c-W-Øn\pw \ymb-hn-[n°pw DX-Ip∂ kzm`m-hnI Ahÿ BZman¬ \n∂pwssIh-cn®p F∂v \mw a\- n-em-°Ww F∂m-Wv. \ΩpsSkzm`mhnI Ahÿbn¬ \mw \nXyacWwC√mXm°phm≥ H∂pw sNtø≠Xn√. tdma¿ 5˛¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ Ip‰-]Xw A\¥cmhImi-ambn Inńb ]m]w\nXy-\ym-b-hn-[n°v CS-h-cp-Øp-∂p. F∂ncp∂mepw \ap°v]m]Øns‚ A\¥cmhImiambn e`n®ncn°p∂Ahÿbn¬ \mw H∂pw sNømXncp∂m¬ AXv \sΩ\nXyamb acWØns‚ Ahÿbn¬ FØn°psa∂v]utemkv AhImis∏Sp∂p. ssZhnI tImSXnbpsSapºmsI \ymbhn[n°p≈ ]tXyI ImcWßƒF¥msW∂v tdma¿ 5˛mw A≤ymbØn¬ hniZam°p∂n√.kzm`mhnI \nehmcØn¬ \mw \nXyamb acWØn\vAhIminbmsW∂pw hnSpXen\p≈ GI ]Xo£tbipInkvXphmsW∂pap≈XmWv CXn\p≈ hy‡ambA\pIqe hymJym\w. AXn\v A\p-tbm-Py-amb IrXy-X-bm¿∂ hnhcWw Xmsg-sIm-Sp-°p∂p. Fgp-Øp-Im-cs‚A`n-]m-b-Øn¬ tdma. 5 \ΩpsS kzm`m-hnI Ah-ÿ-bn¬ Db¿∂p hcp∂ \nXy-a-cWw F∂ hnj-b-Øn-s\-Xn-sc-bp≈ Hcp ap∂-dn-bn-∏m-Wv, a‰v thZ- m-K-ßƒ kphy-‡-amb Adnhv \nXy-in-£m-hn-[nsb Ipdn®v \evIp-∂p.CXnse ][m\ Bibw F∂Xv F√m-hcpw BZman\m¬Bflo-I-ambn acn®hcpw \oXoIcn°s∏SmØhcpambnP\n-°p-∂p. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬ Poh≥ \¬Iphm≥Hcph\v amXta IgnIbp≈p. hnizm-k-Øm-ep≈ \oXn-I-cWw (tdm-a. 5:1) \nckn°p∂-h≥ Ir]-bpsS _lp-Xz-sØbpw \oXn-Zm\sØbpw AwKo-I-cn-°p-I-bn-√. (tdm-a.5:17). Ah¿°v ssZhtIm]Øn¬\n∂v hnSphn°s∏Sm≥IgnIbn√(tdma. 5:9). F¥psIms≠∂m¬ Ahs‚Poh\m¬ c£n°s∏Sphm≥ Ah¿°v Ignbp∂n√(tdma.5:10). \nXyamb \ymbhn[n hmkvXhambn kw`hn°ptºmƒssZhØns‚ \oXn kwhn[m\Øn¬ F¥mbncn°pw\nba]camb \ymboIcWw? BZmw kIe a\pjyh¿§sØbpw ]m]Ønte°v \bn®p. F∂m¬ kzm`mhnIamb A]IS km≤yX bmYm¿∞yamIptºmƒ Poh≥\¬Ip∂ GI hy‡nbpambp≈ _‘Øn¬hcmØXpsIm≠pw \nXyXtbmSp≈ \ΩpsS DØchmZnXzw hy‡n]cambXn\mepw henb \miw GsXmcmƒ°pwk`hn°bnt√? t\cn´ v \ntj[n®Xp sImt≠m,Ae£yambXpsImt≠m ssZhØns‚ ap∂dnhn¬Aht\m Ahtfm InkvXphns\ Hcp°epwAwKoIcn°bn√ F∂XpsImt≠m Cu ]cmPbwD≠mImw. BZmw F√mhscbpw \cIØns‚ ]mXbn¬C´p. F∂m¬ Hmtcm hy‡nbpw kzm`mhnI Ahÿbn¬XpScp∂Xv BcpsS Ipg∏amWv? sh≈ knwlmk\Øns‚apºn¬ hy‡am°p∂ \nba]cambp≈ Ip‰w""a\pjyh¿§Øns‚ kzm`mhnI Ahÿb√'' ]ns∂tbm""Ip™mSns‚ Poh]pkvXIØn¬ t]cn√'' F∂p≈XmWv. ]gb ]m]ßsf acWhpambn _‘s∏SpØp∂hmIyßƒ Cu hnehmcØn¬ a\ nem°mhp∂XmWv.Hcp AhnizmknbpsS hy‡n]camb ]m]ßƒ imcocnIacWØnte°v \bn°pIbpw tXPkvIcn°s∏´Dbn¿sØgpt∂¬∏v C√mXm°pIbpw sNøp∂p. IqSmsXtdma. 6:16, 21, 23; bmt°m. 1:15 F∂o hmIyßfn¬hy‡n]camb ]m]w h¿Øam\Ime PohnXØn¬Bflob acWØn\v (Bflmhv ssZhØn¬\n∂pwAIepI) ImcWamIp∂p F∂v Du∂n ]dbp∂p. IqSmsX

\nXyamb acWØnte°v (\cIØn¬ tZln°vssZhØn¬\n∂v \nXyamb th¿∏mSv) \bn°p∂ Znibn¬FØn°pIbpw sNøp∂p. hy‡n]camb ]m]w \sΩ]Xo£bn√mØ A]ISIcamb ÿnXnbn¬FØn°p∂p F∂v hmb\°m¿ a\ nemt°≠XmWv.tbipInkvXphnep≈ hnizmkØmemWv Cu Ahÿam‰phm≥ Ignbp∂Xv. As√¶n¬ \nXyamb acWØn\vhy‡amb ImcWw hy‡n]camb ]m]as√¶nepw\ΩpsS ]m]PohnXw \nXyamb acWØnte°v \bn°pw.Cu `mKw hy‡n]camb ]m]w \nXyamb acWØn\vImcWamIp∂p F∂v ]Tn∏n°phm≥ ian°p∂p F¶nepwAhkm\ambn \nXyacWØn\v ImcWamIp∂ASnÿm\]camb hy‡n]camb ]m]w \nckn°¬(ap≥Iqńbp≈ \nckn°¬) Bbncn°pw. hy‡n]camb]m]w \cIØnse in£bpsS \nehmcØn\p≈LSIhpw AXv Cu PohnXØn¬ ssZhØns‚XmXvImenI tIm]Øn\v(in£) ImcWambnØocpIbpwsNøpw. A\¥cmhImiambn e`n®ncn°p∂ ]m]hpwhy‡n]camb ]m]hpw \nanØw \sΩ in£n°p∂XvssZhapºmsI \oXnbmbncn°pw. F¥mbmepw \nXyambin£mhn[nbpsS ASnÿm\sØ°pdn®v ]Tn°ptºmƒ,Hcp hy‡n°v Xm≥ Aßs\ sNøp∂pt≠m F∂vkwibw tXm∂mw. hnizkn°ptºmƒ Fßs\ Hcmƒc£n°s∏´p F∂ D]tZisØ°pdnt®m, \nXyin£mhn[nbpsS hmkvXhsØ°pdnt®m ]q¿Æamb AdnhvD≠mIbn√. F¥mbncp∂mepw Cu hnjbw ssZhØns‚\oXn, Ir] F∂nhsb°pdn®p≈ Adnhns\bpw]m]Ønt∑ep≈ Iqins‚ ]q¿Æi‡n sb°pdn®p≈ImgvN∏mSns\bpw kmcambn _m[n°p∂p. tbipInkvXph∂n√mbncp∂psh¶n¬ a\pjy≥ Ahs‚ hy‡n]camb]m]hpw, BZmans‚ ]m]Ønep≈ am¿ΩnI _‘hpw\nanØw \nXyambn in£n°s∏tS≠h\mbncp∂p F∂vssZhhN\w Hm¿∏n°p∂p. (A≤ymbw 7. lmat‰mfPn ˛]m]Øns‚ D]tZiw) F∂m¬ ss__nƒ ]d-bp-∂XvssZhw a\p-jys\ BZmans‚ ]m]-Øn-\-\p-k-cn-®√ \ymbwhn[n-°p-∂-Xv. adn®v Hcp-h≥ \c-I-Øn¬ t]mIp-∂Xv tbip-In-kvXp-hns\ Xnc-kv°-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠mWv hy‡n-]-c-amb ]m]-ßƒsIm≠pw A√. ssZhw a\p-jys\ \ymbw-hn-[n-°p-hm≥ t]mIp-∂Xv AXnIa-Øn-\mWv ˛ InkvXp-hns\ Xnc-kv°-cn-®-Xn\v. sNdnb AXnIaßfm Ip∂A\¥cmh Imiambn e`n® ]m]w, hy‡n]camb ]m]wChbv°v in£ \¬Iphm\√ ssZhw Xmev]cys∏Sp∂Xv.tbml-∂m≥ 3:18 Dw 2 sX . 1:8 Dw InkvXp-hns\ Xnc-kv°-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠m-bn-cn°pw \nXy-a-cWw F∂v ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. (Iq-SmsX tbml. 3:36 ) “....Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h\v \ymb-hn[n C√; hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h\v ssZh-Øns‚ GI-Pm-X-\mb ]pXs‚ \ma-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°mbv-I-bm¬ \ymb-hn[n h∂p Ign-™p”. (tbm-l. 3:18)tbml. 16:9 ImWn-°p-∂Xv; ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ InkvXphn¬ hniz-kn-°m≥ Ign-bm-ØXv]m]-am-Wv. Cu ]m]-amWv ssZhw hfsc i‡-ambn IW-°n -Sp -∂-Xv . hy‡n-] -c -amb ]m]-ßƒ \nXy -ambtIm]Øn\p≈ aqe-Im-c-W-a√ F∂v ]d-bm-\p≈ sXfnhv1 tbml. 2:2 ]d-bp∂p Ah≥ k¿∆ temI-Øn-s‚bpw]m]-ßƒ°v ]mb-›n-Ø-am-Ip -∂p. AXpsIm≠va\pjy≥ Xs‚ hy‡n]camb ]m]]hrØnIfm¬Ip‰°mc\msW∂pw AXn\m¬ \nXyamb in£bv°vA¿l\msW∂pw Nne hymJymXm°ƒ Nn¥n°p∂p,

79

imkvX⁄-cpsS Bibw Xmsg sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p.5

a. BflnIac-W-Øns‚ D¤hw BZm-an¬

AXp-sIm≠v GI-a-\p-jy-\m¬ ]m]hpw ]m]-

Øm¬ ac-Whpw temIØn¬ IS∂p. Cßs\

F√m-hcpw ]m]w sNbvI-bm¬ acWw kIe

a\p-jy-cnepw ]c-∂n-cn-°p∂p (tdm-a¿. 5:12). 6

b. P\n°p∂ Ghcpw Bfln-I-ambn acn-®-h¿

]m]w km¿∆XnIambXn\mepw krjvSnbpsS Bcw`

Øn¬Xs∂ ]thin®Xn\mepw Bflob acWØn\v

ASnÿm\ambncn°p∂Xn\mepw Bflobambn

acn®hcmbn´mWv F√mhcpw P\n°p∂Xv.

AXn-I-a-ß-fm-epw, ]m]-ß-fmepw acn-®-h-cm-

bn-cp∂ \nß-sfbpw ... (F-t^. 2:1)

“\mw acWw hn´p Poh-\n¬ IS-∂n-cn-°p∂p

F∂v ktlm-Z-c∑msc kvt\ln-°p-∂-Xm-\m¬

\ap-°-dn-bmw ....(1- tbm-l. 3:14).

(ImWpI. k¶o. 51:5; 58:3; Ctøm. 14:4; 15:14, IqSmsX

III - se B bpw)

c. hy‡n]c-amb ]m]w BflnI ac-W-tØmSv _‘-

s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p.

tdma¿ 6:23 bmt°m. 1:15 ChnsS F√m-h-cnepw

IW°n´ BZmans‚ ]m]tam As√-¶n¬ hy‡n-]-c-

amb ]m]tam XΩn¬ th¿Xn-cn-°p∂n√. CXv hy‡n-

]-c-amb ]m] kz`m-h-sØbpw ]m]]h¿Øn-sbbpw

Du∂n-∏-d-bp-∂p. Bfln-I-a-c-W-Øn¬ Cu c≠p

XcØn-ep≈ ]m]-ßfpw LS-I-ß-fm-Wv.

\nßƒ°v A∂v Fs¥mcp ew D≠m-bn-cp∂p.

Ct∏mƒ \nßƒ°p e÷ tXm∂p∂Xp Xs∂.

AXns‚(hy‡n]camb ]m]w) Ah-km\w

ac-W-a-t√m (tdma 6:21).

]m]-Øns‚ iºfw ac-W-a-sX... (tdm-a. 6:23).

tamlw K¿`w [cn®p ]m]sØ ]k-hn-°p∂p

]m]w apgp -Øn´p ac-WsØ s]dp -∂p”(bmt°m. 1:15).

d. BflnI ac-WsØ Ipdn®v thZ-]p-kvX-I-Ønse

a‰v `mK-ßƒ

Bta≥, Bta≥, Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp ]d-bp∂p

Fs‚ hN\w tI v Fs∂ Ab-®-hs\ hniz-

kn-°p-∂-h\p \nXy-Po-h≥ D≠v; Ah≥ \ymb-

hn-[n-bn¬ BImsX ac-W-Øn¬\n∂v Poh-¶-

te°p IS-∂n-cn-°p-∂p. Bta≥, Bta≥,

Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp ]d-bp-∂p. acn-®-h¿ ssZh-

]p-Xs‚ i_vZw tIƒ°bpw tIƒ°p-∂-h¿

Pohn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ \mgnI hcp-∂p.

Ct∏mƒ h∂p-an-cn-°p-∂p” (tbml. 5:24,25).

“Ah¿ A‘-_p-≤n -I -fmbn A⁄m\w

\nanØw lrZb ImTn\yw \nanØw Xs∂

ssZh-]p-Xs‚ Poh-\n¬\n∂v AI∂v a\w

Xg-ºn®pt]mbh¿” (Ft^. 4:18).

(Im-WpI; aØm.8:22; tbml. 8:51; 11:26)

4. km¿∆-XnIhpw ]q¿Æhpamb A[:]X\w

BZmans‚bpw, l∆-bp-sSbpw ]m]w ac-W-Øn¬ amX-

a√ km¿∆XnI [m¿ΩnI A[:]X-\-Øn\pw hgn-sX-

fn-®p. km¿∆-XnIw F∂-Xp-sIm≠v hym]vXnbpw,

‘]q¿Æamb’ F∂Xp-sIm≠v tbip-InkvXp C√mØ

Bi-b‰ Ah-ÿbpw ImWn-°p-∂p. a\p-jy\v ]m]w

sNøp-hm-\p≈ ]h-W-X-bp-≠v. Ah\v ]m]-tØmSv

XmXv]-cyhpw AXnt\mSv CgpIn tN¿∂p Ccn-°p-∂p.


F∂m¬ ssZhsØ \nXyamb Ahÿbn¬ a\pjys‚hy‡n]camb ]m]ßfm¬ tIm]n°p∂h\mbn I≠n´n√.ssZhw temIØns‚ AXnIaßsf Ahcn¬IW°nSp∂n√(2 sImcn. 5:19). tbip temIØns‚]m]ßsf Npas∂mgn®h\mWv. tbml. 1:29. ssZhw ]m]-Øn\v ta¬, As√-¶n¬ a\p-jy-cp-sS-ta¬ tIm]n®p F∂v]d-bp-tºmƒ hy‡n-]-c-amb ]m]-ßƒ°v in£n®p F∂m-W¿∞w (tdma.1:18; Ft^. 5:6; sImtem. 3:6; 1 tbml. 2:2;2 sImcn. 5:19; tbml. 1:29 Ch-bnse ]Tn-∏n-°¬ ssZh-tIm]w F∂Xv \nXy-a√ Xmev°m-en-I-am-Wv. AXmbXvCu PohnXØnse in£.

Hcp hy‡n \cIØn¬ t]mIphm\p≈ ]mYanIASnÿm\w AX√msb¶nepw, Hcp hy‡nbpsS]m]Ønt∑ep≈ ssZhØns‚ tIm]w \cIØnep≈Hcp Ahnizmkn°p e`n°p∂ in£bpsS \nehmcsØkzm[o\n°p∂p.(sImsem. 3:6 , Fs^. 5:6) NneImcyßfn¬(DZm. tdma¿ 2) \nXybamb tIm]sØ°pdn®vFgpØpImc≥ Hm¿∏n°p∂ps≠¶nepw, km¶ev]nI\nebn¬ Nn¥n®m¬, I¿Ømhmb tbipInkvXpa\pjyh¿§Øn\v ]m]yamb c£mkwhn[m\hpambnh∂n√mbncp∂p F¶n¬ F¥v kw`hn°pambncp∂p.(inip°fpsS c£bpw am\knI hf¿®bn√mØhcpsSbpwAhÿbpw Cu hmZKXnbpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬Nn¥n°pI.(Km‚ v dm∏nUv: tkm≠¿hm≥, 1973). \nXyambin£mhn[n°v CtX \nebnep≈ \n¿ÆbØn¬FØphm≥ Ignbpw.6 Bfln-I-a-cWw BZm-ans‚ ]m]w-\n-anØw D≠m-bn, CXvkm¿∆-Xn-I-am-Wv, CXv-B-Zm-an¬ D≠mbn temIw apgp-h\pw]c-∂p. tdma¿ 5:12,14- ]-Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv Bfln-I-a-c-W-hpw, imco-cn-I-a-c-Whpw D≠m-bXv BZm-an¬IqSn F∂m-Wv. hmIy-ßƒ 18,21- ¬ hnjbw \nXy-a-c-W-am-Wv. AXn-\m¬ Xs∂\nXy-Po-hs‚ DNn-X-amb sshcp≤yw 17- mw hmIy-ØnseBflnI ac-W-am-Wv.

80

Ah≥ G‰hpw hjfmb iXphmbXpsIm≠v Xs‚

kz¥-amb Hcp \∑-sIm≠pw ssZhsØ ]km-Zn-∏n-

°p-hm≥ Ign-Ibn√. ]m]w sNøp-hm-\p≈ ]h-WX

BZm-ante°v sN√ptºmƒ AXv hN-\m-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬

km¿∆-Xn-I-am-Wv. F√m-a-\p-jycpw CtXmSpIqsS P\n-

°p-∂p. F∂n-cp-∂mepw tdma¿ 5:12 t\cn v ]Tn-∏n-°p-

∂Xv F√m- ]m]hpw BZm-an¬\n∂pw temIØn¬

]th-in®p F∂m-Wv. ChnsS ‘]m]w’ GIh-N-\-Øn¬

D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ AXv Hcp s]mXpXXz-

ambn Du∂n-∏-d-bp-∂p. (AXmbXv Hmtcm hy‡n-I-

fnse ]m] “kz`mhw”) AXns‚ DXv hw GZ\nse

hogvN-bpw. ]m]-Øns‚ k¿∆-hn[ ]tXyI ]h¿Øn-

Ifpw Df-hm-Ip-∂Xv BZmans‚ BZn-]m-]-Øns‚ e-

am-bp≈ km¿∆-XnI A[]X\Øn¬ \n∂m-Wv.7

a. Hcp lrZ-b-Øns‚ ]iv\w.

Xmsg ]d-bp∂ hmIy-ßƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv, a\p-jys‚

hy‡n-]-c-amb ]m]]h¿Øn-Iƒ ]m]w ]‰n-]n-Sn®

lrZ-b-Øn¬ \n∂pw D≠m-Ip∂p F∂m-Wv. as‰m-cm-

i-b-Øn¬ Ah ]m]w sNøp-hm≥ Ahs\ \n¿_-

‘n-°p∂p F∂√ adn®v kz`mhw sIm≠v

]m]Øns‚ kzm[o\Øn¬ ASnas∏´ Hcp sImSpw

]m]n-bm-Wv. CØ-c-Øn¬ Hcp km¿∆-XnI A[:]X

\w D≠m-bXv BZmw aqe-sa∂v IqSpX¬ hmIy-ßfpw

ÿm]n-°p-∂n-√ (Im-WpI; Dev]. 8:21; k¶o. 51:5; 58:3;

aØm. 12:33- 35, eqt°m. 6.43- 45; tdma. 7:5; 14- 24; Ft^.

2:3; sImsem. 3:5˛7; XotØm. 3:3; 1 ]tXm. 4:4).

`qan-bn¬ a\p-jys‚ ZpjvSX hen-b-sX∂pw

Ahs‚ lrZb hnNm-c-ß-fpsS \ncq-]-W-sam-

s°bpw F√m-bvt∏mgpw tZmj-ap≈XsX

F∂pw btlm-h -I≠p (D-ev]. 6:5).

lrZbw F√m-‰n-s\-°mfpw I]-Shpw hnj-a-hp-

ap≈Xv; AXv Bcm-™-dn-bp-∂-h≥ B¿?

(bnc. 17:9).

“... hmbn¬\n∂v ]pd-s∏-Sp-∂tXm lrZ-b-Øn¬

\n∂v hcp∂p; AXp -a-\p-jys\ Aip-≤-am-

°p-∂p. Fßs\sb∂m¬ ZpivNn¥, Ipe]m

XIw, hy`nNmcw, ]ckwKw, tamjWw, I≈

km£yw, ZqjWw F∂nh lrZbØn¬ \n∂p

hcp∂p (a-Ømbn. 15:18˛19).

Aßs\ tZmjn-I-fmb \nßƒ \nß-fpsS

a°ƒ°p \√ Zm\-ßsf sImSp -∏m≥

Adnbp∂p F¶n¬ kz¿§-ÿ-\mb ]nXmhv

Xt∂mSv bmNn-°p-∂-h¿°v ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\

FX A[nIw sImSp-°pw (eq-s°m. 11:13).

AXn\p tbip Bta≥, Bta≥ Rm≥ \nß-

tfmSp ]d-bp-∂p. ]m]w sNøp∂hs\√mw

]m]-Øns‚ Zmk-\m-Ip-∂p (tbm-l. 8:34).

F∂m¬ \nßƒ ]m]-Øns‚ Zmk∑mcm-bn-

cp∂p F¶nepw ... (tdm-a. 6:17).

\nßƒ ]m]-Øn\p Zmk-∑m-cm-bn-cp-∂-t∏mƒ

... (tdm-a. 6:20).

b. Hcp km¿∆-XnI ]iv\w

Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂ hmIy-ßƒ A[x]Xn® a\p-jy- lr-Z-

b-Øns‚ km¿∆-XnI hym]-\sØ ImWn-°p-∂p.

[m¿ΩnI A[:]X\w F∂Xv Hmtcm hy‡n-Ifpw

Iqccpw ]cp-°cpw Bbn-cn-°p F∂√. a\p-jys‚

\∑-bn¬ _‘-s∏´ hkvXp-X-Iƒ D≠v (DZm: At∏m.

10:1˛2 c£n-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-h-\m-bn´pw sIm¿∂-√n-tbmkv

Hcp `‡≥ Bbn-cp-∂p tdma¿. 2:14- 15). c£n-°-s∏-

SmØ F√m-hcpw ssZh-Øn\v iXp-°-fmWv. AXn-

\m¬ Ahs‚ \√ ]h¿Øn-Ifpw ssZh-Øn\v ]km-

Z-I-c-a-√, ImcWw Hcp iXpXm at\m- m-h-Øn¬ Ah

sNøp-∂p (k-Zr. 15:8, 21:4; 21:27). a\p-jys‚ \∑-]-

h¿Øn-Iƒ ssZh-Øns‚ apºn¬ Id-]p-c≠ XpWn-

t]m-se-bmWv (sb-i. 64:6). [m¿ΩnI A[:]X\w

F∂m¬ F√m-a-\p-jycpw D]-tbm-K-iq-\y-cm-bn

F∂Xnt\°mƒ ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂pw AI∂ lrZ-b-

Øn\v ASnabm°s∏´ Hcp iXp F∂mW¿∞w.

ssZh-Øns‚ hgn-bn¬ ssZhsØ ]km-Zn∏n°phm≥

Bcpw ian-°p-∂n-√. Hcp-h\pw c£ ]m]n-°phm≥

Ignbp∂n√. shdp-sX-bp≈ `uXn-I-hm-Z-- ]h¿Øn-I-

fm¬ c£ e`n-°pw F∂v hnizkn°pIbpw CXv ]Tn-

∏n-°p∂ k -I-fn¬ ]¶p-tN-cp-∂Xpw a\p-jys‚ hne-

bn-cp-Ø-en¬ A[m¿Ωn-I-a-√. F∂m¬ ssZh-Øn\v

Ah≥ Akzo-Im-cy-\mb D]ZhImcnbmWv. Xm≥

XpS¿∂p hcp∂ ]mX ssZh-Øn\v hntcm[-amWv (Nne-

t∏mƒ ASn -ÿm-\-]-c -ambn henb ]m]-ßƒ

C√msX)8


7 a\p-jys‚ [m¿ΩnI A[:]X\w aqew Ahs‚ lrZbwCcp-≠p-t]mbn AXn-\m¬ a\p-jy\v BfloI Imcy-ßsfImWp-hm≥ Ign-bmsX lrZbw Ccp-≠vt]m-bn (1- sIm-cn.1:18; 2:14; 2 sImcn. 4:4; Ft^. 4:18).

8 InkvXp-hns\ IqSm-sX-bp≈h¿°v km¿∆-XnI \ymb-hn[n Cu hmIy-Øn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv km¿∆-XnIA[:]X\w sXfn-bn-°p-∂p (tbm-l. 3:18, 36; tdma. 11:32;Kem. 3:22; 1 tbml. 5.12). kI-e-a-\p-jycpw [m¿Ωn-I-ambnA[:]Xn®p F∂Xv \nb-a-Øn-s‚-bpw, Kh¨sa‚n-s‚bpwXocpam\w shfns∏SpØp∂p. hN-\-Øn\v hncp-≤-ambam\p-jn-I-amb Bi-b-ßƒ a\p-jys\ _p≤n]ca√mØXocpam\ßfnte°v \bn°p∂p.

81

“Ah¿ \nt∂mSv ]m]w sNøp-Ibpw ˛ ]m]w

sNømØ a\p-jy≥ C√-t√m...” (1 cmP. 8:46).

“ssZhsØ At\z-jn-°p∂ _p≤n-am-\pt≠m

F∂p Imäm≥ btlmh kz¿§-Øn¬\n∂p

a\p-jy-]p-X-∑msc t\m°p-∂p. F√m-hcpw hgn-

sX‰n Hcp-t]mse sIm≈-cp-Xm-Ø-h-cmbn

Xo¿∂p. \∑ sNøp-∂-h-\n√ Hcp-Ø≥ t]mep-

an-√” (k¶o. 14:2-3).

F√m-hcpw ]m]w sNbvXp Hcp-t]mse sIm≈-

cp-Xm-Ø-h-cmbn Xo¿∂p; \∑ sNøp∂h\n√

Hcp-Ø≥ t]mep-an-√ (k-¶o. 53:3).

btlmth \o AIr-Xy-ßsf Hm¿Ω-sh-®m¬

I¿Øm-th, B¿ \ne-\nev°pw” (k¶o. 130:3).

ASn-bs\ \ymb-hn-kvXm-c-Øn¬ ]th-in-∏n-°-

cpsX Poh-\p-ffh≥ Bcpw Xncp-k-∂n-[n-bn¬

\oXn-am\m-Ip-I-bn-√-t√m (k-¶o. 143:2).

Rm≥ Fs‚ lrZ-bsØ ip≤o-I-cn®p ]m]w

Hgn™p \n¿Ω-e-\m-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂p B¿°p-

]-d-bmw (k-¶o. 20:9).

“]m]w sNømsX \∑ amXw sNøp∂ Hcp

\oXn-am\pw `qan-bn¬ C√” (k- m. 7:20).

\mw F√m-hcpw BSp-I-sf-t∏mse sX‰n

t]mbn-cp-∂p. \mw Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw Xm¥ms‚

hgn°p Xncn-™n-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ btlmh

\ΩpsS F√m-h-cp-sSbpw AIrXyw Ahs‚

ta¬ Npa-Øn” (sb-i. 53:6).

BI-bm¬ F¥v? \ap°p hnti-jXbpt≠m?

Ati-j-an√; sblq-Z-∑mcpw sbh-\-∑mcpw Hcp-

t]mse ]m]-Øn\v Iogm-°p∂p F∂p\mw

aptº sXfn-bn-®p-ht√m; \oXn-am≥ Bcpw C√

Hcp-Ø≥ t]mep-an-√ (tdm. 3:9,10).

\ymb-]-amWw ]d-bp-∂Xv F√mw \ymb-]-am-

W-Øn¬ Iogp-≈-h-tcmSp ]kvXm-hn-°p∂p

F∂p \mw Adn-bp-∂p. Aßs\ FXp hmbpw

AS-™p. k¿∆-tem-Ihpw ssZh-k-∂n-[n-bn¬

in£m-tbm-Ky -ambn Xotc -≠-X-sX

(tdm-a. 3:19).

Hcp hyXym-k-hp-an√; F√m-hcpw ]m]w

sNbvXp ssZh-tX-P v C√m-Ø-h-cmbn Xo¿∂p

(tdm-a. 3:23).

.... Xncp-sh-gpØv F√m-h-scbpw ]m]-Øn¬

Iog-S-®p-I-f-™p (K-em. 3:22).

\mw F√m-hcpw ]e-Xnepw sX‰n-t∏m-Ip-∂p...

(bm-t°m. 3:2).

\Ωp°v ]m]w C√ F∂p ]d-bp∂p F¶n¬

\sΩ-Øs∂ h©n-°p∂p; \mw ]m]w

sNbvXn- n√ F∂p ]d-bp∂p F¶n¬ Ahs\

Ak-Xy-hm-Zn-bm-°p∂p; Ahs‚ hN\w \Ωn¬

C√m-sX-bm-bn (1 tbml. 1:8,10).

5. hogvN-bpsS ]cn-Wn-X- ew kvXobn¬.

thZ-\-tbmsS a°sf ]k-hn-°pw, Xs‚ `¿Øm-hn\v

Ahƒ Iogvs∏-Spw. ]m] -]-h-W-X-bm¬ Cu hnjbw

Ct∏mƒ k¶o¿Æ-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

kvXotbmSp Iev]n-®Xv: “Rm≥ \n\°p

IjvShpw K¿`-[m-c-Whpw G‰hpw h¿≤n-∏n-

°pw. \o thZ-\-tbmsS a°sf ]k-hn°pw;

\ns‚ BKlw \ns‚ `¿Øm-hn-t\m-Sm-Ipw.

Ah≥ \ns∂ `cn°pw” (Dev]. 3:16).

6. hogvN-bpsS ]cn-Wn-X- ew ]pcp-j-\n¬

a\p-jy\v Ct∏mƒ IjvS-Xbpw, Akw-Xr-]vXn-bpw,

A≤zm-\hpw e`n-®p.

a\pjyt\mSp Iev]n-®tXm: “\o \ns‚ `mcy-

bpsS hm°v A\p-k-cn-°p-Ibpw Xn∂-cp-sX∂p

Rm≥ Iev]n® hr£êw Xn∂p-Ibpw

sNbvX-Xp-sIm≠v \ns‚ \nanØw `qan i]n-°-

s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. \ns‚ Bbp-jv°m-e-sam-s°bpw

\o IjvS-X-tbmsS AXn¬ \n∂p Atlm-

hrØn Ign-°pw. ap≈pw ]d-°m-cbpw \n\-°-

Xn¬ \n∂pw apf-°pw hb-ense kkyw \n\-

°m-lm-c-am-Ipw. \ne-Øp-\n∂p \ns∂ FSp-Øn-

cn-°p∂p, AXn¬ XncnsI tNcp-thmfw apJ

sØ hnb¿t∏msS \o D]-Po-h\w Ign-°pw.

\o s]mSn-bm-Ip-∂p, s]mSn-bn¬ XncnsIt®cpw”(Dev]. 3:17- 19).

7. hogvN-bpsS A\-¥-c- ew a‰v krjvSn-I-fn¬

hogvN kIe arK-ß-fnepw thZ\bpw ac-Whpw

\neØn\v im]hpw \evIn. Cu im]w kl-km-_vZ-

Im-eØv `mKnI-ambn ]cn-l-cn-°-s∏Spw (Im-Wp-I.

sbi. 11:6 ff; 65:25 kl-km-_vZ-Ønse Im¿jnI

A\p-K-lw).

“... \o \nanØw `qan i]n-°-s∏-ń-cn -°p∂p

(D-ev]. 3:17).

k¿∆-kr-jvSnbpw C∂p-hsc Hcp-t]mse

Rcßn Cu‰p-t\m-thm-Sn-cn-°p∂p (tdm-a. 8:22).


82

IV. tZlnbpsS D¤-hw

\c-hw-i-im-kvX-am-bm-epw, ]m]-X-Xz-im-kvX-am-bmepw

a\p-jys‚ Aù-anI `mK-Øns‚ \n¿ΩmWw Hcp

IrXy-X-bm¿∂ ]T-\-hn-j-b-am-Wv. Hmtcm Ip™v P\n-

°p-tºmgpw ssZhw Hmtcm ]pXnb Bflm-hns\

krjvSn-°p-∂pthm? a\p-jy-B-flm-hns‚ \n¿Ωm-W-

Øn\v amXm-]n-Xm-°-fn¬ GsX-¶nepw ]In-b-Iƒ \S-

°p-∂p-thm, AXp-t]mse Hcp inip-hns‚ ico-c-hpw?

Bflm-hns‚ D¤-hvX-sX-°p-dn®v Ggmw A≤ym-b-

Øn¬” ]m]XXz-im-kvX-Øn¬” hnhcn°p-∂-Xm-

bncn-°pw.

V. a\pjys‚ Aù-anI `mK-Øns‚ \n¿Ωn-Xn.

a\p-jy‚ Aù-anI `mK-Øns‚ \n¿Ωn-Xn-sb-Ip-dn®v

bYm-ÿn-XnI ssIkvX-h-cn¬ c≠v Bi-b-ßƒ D≠v.

Nne¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂Xv a\p-jys\ Zzn`mPy LS-I-ambn

(c≠v LSIw) krjvSn®p F∂mWv . Bflm-hv, tZln

CXv CS-I-e¿Øn-D-]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu Bibw

Adn -b -s∏-Sp -∂Xv Zzn`m -Py -L-S\m kn≤m¥w

(ssUt°mán) F∂mWv. a‰p-≈-h¿ ]d-bp-∂Xv

a\pjy≥ tZlw, tZln, Bflmhv Cßs\ aq∂v

`mK-ßƒ IqSn-tN¿∂ kØ F∂m-Wv. Cu Bibw

Xn`mPy LS\m kn≤m¥w(ssSt°mán) F∂pw

Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.

A. a\pjy\nse Zzn`m-Py-L-S-I-Øn-\p-≈-sX-fn-hp-Iƒ.

1. tZln, Bflmhv Cu ]Z-ßƒ ]c-kv]cw am‰n D]-

tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p (H-Øp-t\m-°pI; Dev]. 41:8 ff Dw

k¶o. 42:6 20).

]`mXImeØv Ah≥(Bflmhv) hymIp-e-s∏-

´p bnkmtbense a¥hmZnIsfbpw ⁄B

\nIsfbpw Bfb®phcp Øn AhtcmSp Xs‚

kz]v\w ]d™p. F∂m¬ hymJym\n∏m≥

B¿°pw Ign™n√ (D-ev]. 41:8).

Fs‚ ssZhta Fs‚ Bflmhv F∂n¬ hnjm-

Zn-®n-cn-°p-∂p... (k-¶o. 42:6).

tbml 12:27 Dw 13:21 Dw hmIyßƒ HØp t\m°pI.

Ct∏mƒ Fs‚ D≈w (Soul) Ie-ßn-bn-cn-°p-

∂p... (tbml. 12:27).

CXp-]-d-™n v tbip D≈w (Spirit) Ie-ßn...

(tbml. 13:21).

aØmbn 20:28 Dw 27:50 HØp-t\m-°p-I.

a\p-jy-]p-X≥ ipiqj sNøn-∏m-\√ ipiq-jn-

∏m\pw At\-I¿°p-th≠n Xs‚ Pohs\

(CXns‚ Ko°n¬ Soul, tZln F∂v ]d-™ncn-

°p-∂p) adp-hn-e-bmbn sImSp-∏m\pw h∂n-cn-°p-

∂-Xp-t]mse Xs∂ F∂p ]d-™p” (a-Øm. 20:28).

tbip- ]ns∂bpw Dds° \ne-hn-fn®p ]mWs\

(B-flm-hn-s\) hn´p (a-Øm-bn. 27:50).

shfn. 6:9 Dw F_m. 12:23 HØp-t\m-°p-I.

Ah≥ A©mw apZ s]mń-®-t∏mƒ ssZh-h-

N\w \nan-Øhpw Xßƒ ]d™ km£yw

tlXp-hmbpw Adp-°-s∏- -h-cpsS Bflm-°sf

Rm≥ bmK-]o-T-Øn≥ Iogn¬ I≠p (sh-fn. 6:9).

kz¿§-Øn¬ t]sc-gp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂ BZy-Pm-

X∑mcpsS k`bv°pw F√m-h-cp-sSbpw ssZh-

amb \ymbm[n-]-Xnbv°pw kn≤-∑m-cmb \oXn-

am-∑m-cpsS Bflm-°ƒ°pw (F-_m. 12:23).

2. Nne-t∏mƒ tZlhpw tZln-bpw, As√-¶n¬ tZl-

hpw, Bflmhpw Hcp ]q¿Æ a\p-jys\ ImWn-°p-∂p.

tZlnsb sIm√p-hm≥ Ign-bmsX tZlsØ

sIm√p-∂-hsc bs∏tS≠m; tZln-sbbpw tZl-

sØbpw \c-I-Øn¬ \in-∏n-∏m≥ Ign-bp-∂-

hs\ Xs∂ `b-s∏-Sp-hn≥ (a-Øm. 10:28).

Rmt\m icocw sIm≠v Zpc-kvY≥ F¶nepw

Bflm-hp -sIm≠v IqsS -bp≈h\m-bn. . .

(1- sIm-cn. 5:3).

]nbs\ \ns‚ Bflmhv ip -am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-

t]mse \o kI-e-Ønepw ip`-ambpw kpJ-

ambpw(icocw) Ccn -t°Ww F∂p-Rm≥

]m¿∞n-°p-∂p (3 tbml. 2).

3. Xn`m-P\ Bi-bsØ JWvUn-°¬

Xn`m-P\ Bi-b-hm-Zn-Iƒ km[m-cW ]d-bp-∂Xv

Bflmhv F∂Xv Hcp a\p-jys‚ Aù-XnI LS-I-

Ønse aX]camb `mKsa-∂mWv. AtX kabw

tZln, _p≤n, C—, hnImcw F∂n-h-bpsS Dd-hn-S-hpw.

Zzn`m-P\ Bi-b-hm-Zn-Iƒ FSpØv ]d-bp-∂Xv arK-

ßƒ°vt]mepw Bflmhv D≠v (k- m. 3:21) aXØns‚

D∂X kzm[o\X tZlntbmSv _‘s∏SpØnbncn-

°p∂p (a¿. 12:30; eqs°m. 1:46; F_m6:18- 19; bmt°m.

1:21). ssZhw Bfl-kz-cq]-\m-Ip-∂p, F∂m¬ X\n°v

tZln-bp-s≠∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p (B-tam. 6:8 ˛

F_mb `mj-bn¬). tZl-c-ln-X-cmb Bflm-°sf

Ipdn®v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p (sh-fn. 6:9;20:4). AXp-sIm≠v

Bflmhv ssZh-tØmSv _‘-s∏-´ -`mKw F∂v

\njvI¿jn®v ]d-™n- n√. AXpt]mse tZln F∂Xv

Iq v ktlm-Z-c-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-sØ-Ip-dn®pw BsW∂v


83

9 Hcp c£n-°-s∏-SmØ a\p-jy-\pw- Bflmhv Ds≠-∂mWvcN-bn-Xm-hns‚ hnizm-kw. Ah\v Bflmhv Ds≠-¶nepwIrXy-ambn ]h¿Øn-°p-∂n-√. Hcp-h\v Hcp Im¿- D-≈Xpw,Imdns‚ ]h¿Ø\hpw hyXy-ÿ-am-Wv. c£n-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-h¿°v Bflmhv Ds≠-¶nepw Ah¿ sX‰mbn Bcm-[n-°p-∂p (Hcp Zpcm-flm-hns\ Ipdn®v Nn¥n-°p∂ `mKw 1 sIm-cn. 2:11; 2 sImcn. 7:1; F_m. 12:9; bmt°m. 4:5; Ch BflmhvZpcm-flm-hm-sW∂p sXfn-bn-°p-∂p).

]d-™n- n√. tZln F∂Xv Bflob Xmev]cytØmSv

_‘s∏´ a\pjys‚ Hcp `mKamWv.

Zzn`m-P\ Bi-b-tØmSp≈ _‘-Øn¬ 1 sX . 5:23-

˛se Bflm-hpw, ]mW\pw c≠m-sW∂v sXfn-bn-°p-

∂n-√. tZlw, tZln, Bflmhv F∂ D]-tbm-K-Øn¬,

Ah-km-\sØ c≠v hm°p-Iƒ ]cym -b -ambn

D]tbmKn-®n-cn-°p∂p a¿t°mkv 12:30-˛se t]mse

(\ns‚ ssZh-amb I¿Øm-hns\ ]q¿Æ-B-flm-thm-

Spw, ]q¿Æ-lr-Z-b-tØm-Spw, ]q¿Æ-a-\-t mSpw IqsS

kvt\ln-°-Ww) AXp-t]mse F_m. 4:12-˛se

Bflmhpw, ]mW\pw ]cym-b-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-

°p∂ F∂v Zzn`m-P\ Bi-b-°m¿ ]d-bp-∂p. F∂m¬

ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬ ]mW-\pw, Bflmhpw hn`Pn®p ]d-

™n-cn -°p -∂Xpw ]mWs\ Bflmhn¬ \n∂v

th¿s]SpØp∂Xpw H∂√. CXv efn -X -ambn

]d™m¬ a\p-jys‚ Aù-XnI `mKsØ c≠mbn

Xncn®v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. (B-flmhpw ]mW\pw

]cymb-am-°mw) ssZh-h-N\w a\p-jys‚ Aù-anI

`mKsØ Xcw-Xn-cn®v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv Bflmhv

As√-¶n¬ ]mW≥ F∂m-Wv.

B. Xn`mP\ Bi-b-Øn-\p≈ sXfn-hp-Iƒ

\nc-h[n ]mhiywBflm-hpw, ]mW\pw Bbn hn`Pn-

®n- p-≠v. \nc-h-[n-X-hW th¿Xn-cn-®p-]-d-™n-cn-°p∂p.

kam-[m-\Øns‚ ssZhw Xs∂ \nßsf apgp-

h\pw ip≤o-I-cn -°p-am-dm-Is´ \nß-fpsS

Bflmhpw ]mW\pw tZlhpw Atijw

\ΩpsS I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚

]Xy-£-X-bn¬ A\n-µy-ambn shfn-s∏-Spw-hÆw

Im°-s∏-Sp-am-dm-I-s´ (1- sX- v. 5:23).

ssZh-Øns‚ hN\w Poh\pw ssNX-\y-hp-ap-

≈-Xmbn Ccp-hm-bvØ-e-bp≈ GXp hmfn-s\-

°mfpw aq¿®-tb-dn-bXpw ]mW-s\-bpw, Bflm-

hn-s\bpw k‘n-a-÷-I-sfbpw th¿hn-Sp-hn-°p-

hsc Xpf®psN√p-∂Xpw lrZ-b-Ønse Nn¥-

\-ß-sfbpw `mh-ß-sfbpw hnth-Nn-°p-∂Xpw

BIp-∂p (F-_. 4:12).

F∂m¬ ]mIr-X-a-\p-jy≥ (Ko°n¬ tkmfn

jv) ... Bflm-hnt\m kI-e-sØbpw hnth-Nn-

°p∂p (1- sImcn 2:14˛15).

]mIr-X-i-cocw(Ko°n¬ tkmfnjv) hnX-°-s∏-

Sp -∂p. BfloI icocw Dbn¿°p -∂p. . .

(1 sImcn. 15:44).

1 sX . 5: 23- ¬ s]usemkv a\p-jys\ Xn`m-PI

LS-I-ambn ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse F_mb teJ\


I¿Øm-hpw, (F_m. 4:12) Bflm-hns\ ]mW-\n¬

\n∂pw th¿Xn-cn®v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. 1sIm-cn. 2epw,

1 sImcn 15˛epw Bflm-hpw, ]mW\pw c≠mWv F∂-

Xn\v Hcp Bibw sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p. tZln F∂Xv

a\p-jy\v sFlnI _‘w ImWn-°p-hm-\pw, Bflmhv

F∂Xv a\p-jys‚ kz¿§ob _‘w ImWn-°p-hm\pw

D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Hcp Xn`m-PI Bi-b-hmZn ]d-

bp-∂Xv tZln F∂Xv a\p-jy\v a\p-jy-t\m-Sp≈

_‘sØ ImWn-°p∂ Aù-XnI `mKw; Bflmhv

F∂Xv aX]camb _‘w ÿm]n-°phm≥ Ignhp≈

a\pjys‚ Aù-anI kz`mhØns‚ `mKw. 9

C. Cu hnj-b-Øn-t∑-ep≈ Nn¥-Iƒ

Cu∏d™ c≠v Bi-b-ß-fnepw ]m[m\yX-bp-≠v.

Hcp hkvXp-hns\ c≠mbn hn -Pn®v a\ nem°p∂

Xnep≈ ]cmPbamWv ]iv\Øn\v ImcWw. AXns‚

hyXykvXamb ]h¿Ø\w a\ nem°mØXpw. Hcp

tNmt¢-‰pw, hm\n-ebpw IqSnb sFkvIo-an¬\n∂p

hm\ne Xs∂-tbm, tNmt¢‰v X\n-sbtbm th¿Xn-cn-

°p-hmt\m Ign-bp-I-bn-√. F∂m¬ Hcp-h\v CXnse

hyXymkw a\- n-em-°mw.

Zzn`m-P\ Bi-b-Øn¬ a\p-jys‚ Aù-anI LSIw

Bflmhpw tZlnbpw F∂v hy‡am°nbnń√. Aù-

an-I-L-SIw kap\z-bn®v H∂mWv. AXp-sIm≠v a\p-

jys‚ Aù-anI LS-I-sØ-Ip-dn®v s]mXp-hmbn ]d-

bp-tºmƒ Bflmhpw, ]mW\pw F∂v Bi-b-Øn¬

hyXym-k-an -√msX CS-I-e¿Øn-∏-d-bp-∂p. thZ-

]pkvXI FgpØpIm¿ AXv sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.

Hcph\v IrXyamb `m-j-bn¬ Bflm-hpw, ]mW\pw

th¿Xn-cn-®p-]-d-b-W-sa-¶n¬ BImw. Nne ]tXyI

kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ thZ]pkvXI FgpØpIm¿ IrXy-

ambpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-ambpw Imcy-ßƒ Ah-X-cn-∏n-

°phm≥ BKln°p∂p. Bb-Xn\v Bflm-hpw,

tZlnbpw XΩn¬ th¿Xn-cn®v ]d-bp-∂p. AØ-c-Øn-

ep≈ kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ ]mW≥ F∂ a\p-jys‚

Aù-anI LS\ (_p-≤n, hnIm-cw, C—), Cu temI-

Ønse Imcy-ß-tfm-Spw, kzb-tØm-Spw, a‰p-a-\p-jy-

tcmSpw _‘-s∏-Sp -∂-XmWv. Bflmhv F∂Xv

A ` u a n I I m c y ß f p a m b n ( ] I r X y m X o X

84


bmYm¿∞yw) _‘s∏Sp∂ a\pjys‚ AùanI

LS\bmWv(_p≤n, hnImcw, C—). a\pjys‚ Aù

anI kz`mhØns‚ ]h¿Ø\ßƒ c≠v hyXykvX

LSIßfmbn hn`Pn®ns√¶nepw th¿Xncn®v a\ n

em°phm≥ Ignbpw F∂XmWv Cu BibØns‚

]tXyIX.

VI. a\p-jys‚ ùanI `mKw

ssZzX`mh XXz-imkvXw, hkvXp tZmjhpw Bflmhv

\√Xv F∂pw ]dbp∂Xn\v hyXykvXambn icocw

ùanIambXpsIm≠p amXw ss__nƒ AXns\

Ip‰w hn[n°p∂n√. ]m]-Øn\v ico-csØ \nb-¥n-

°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw (tdm-a. 6:12-˛13), F∂m¬ icocw

]q¿Æ-ambn tZmjap≈XmsW∂v InkvXym-\n-Iƒ ]d-

b-cp-Xv. CXn¬ ][m\ Imcyw H-cp-h≥ Fßs\ Xs‚

icocw D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂p F∂m-i-bn-®m-Wv. CXv ssZh-

Øn\v ]km-Z-I-c-amb Hcp hnip-≤-bm-K-am-bn-cn-°Ww

(tdm-a. 12:1˛2). Hcp hnizm-kn-bpsS icocw ]cn-ip-≤m-

flmhv hkn-°p∂ Be-b-amWv (1- sIm-cn. 6:19- 20).10

10 inip-°-fpsS c£ P\n-°m-Ø-h-cpsS hne apX-emb hnj-b-ßƒ ]Tn-°p-hm≥ “P\n°mØ-hsc Ipdn-®p-f-f ssZh-Øns‚ Bibw” F∂ tS∏v shÃvIvfn^v ss__nƒN¿®n¬ \n∂pw kzoI-cn-°p-I. God’s view of the Unborn(March 10, 1985) and also 2 sam. 12:15-31 (June17, 1987).

85

cq]tcJI. ]m]-Øns‚ \n¿∆-N\w

A. ]m]sØ°p-dn®v thZ-]p-kvXI hnh-cWw

1. A[¿Ωw

2. A\oXn

3. hnizm-k-Øn¬ \n∂v D¤-hn-°m-ØXv

4. K¿∆p≈ IÆpw Al-¶mc lrZ-bhpw

5. icn Adn-™n´pw sNøm-ØXv

6. kzbw ]mW-lm\n

B. ]mØn\v thZ-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂

Xnc-s™-SpØ hm°p-Isf Ipdn®p≈ ]T\w

1. ]m]-Øn\v \n¿t±-in-®n- p≈ F_mb

hm°p-I-fpsS ]T\w

a. lm´m (]m]w)

b. ]mjm(ewL\w)

c. Bshm≥ (A-[¿Ωw)

d. dm (ZpjvS-X)

e. ]gb\nb-a- hm°pI-fpsS cXv\ -Np-cp°w

2. ]m]sØ ImWn-°p∂ Ko°p ]Z-ßƒ

a. lam¿ń-b, lam¿´mt\m (]m-]w)

b. lam¿ńb A√m-sX-bp≈ ]Z-ßƒ

(1) AUn-°n-tbm, AUn-°nb (A-\o-Xn)

(2) ]cm-]vt‰mh (AXn-Iaw)

(3) At\m-anb (A-Ir-Xyw)

(4) ]cm-_m-knkv (sX-‰v)

(5) Ask-_nb ( -‡n-tI-Sv)

(6) Imt°mkv (Xn-∑)

(7) s]mt\-tdmkv (Zp-jvS-X)

3. kw£n]vXw

II. ]m]-Øns‚ D¤hw

A. ]]-©-Øn¬ ]m]-Øns‚ D¤hw

B. a\p-jy-\n¬ ]m]-Øns‚ D¤hw

C. ]m]-Øns‚ Bcw`w hy‡n-I-fn¬

1. Hmtcm Xe-ap-d-I-fn-te°pw ]m]-Øns‚

hym]\w

a. krjvSn-hmZ Bibw

b. SUyp-j≥ kn≤m¥w

2. BZm-ans‚ ]m]w \Ω-fn-te°v Npa-Ø¬

a. s]ePnb≥ kn≤m¥w

b. skan- s]emPnb≥ kn≤m¥w

c. sÛ-d¬ kn≤m¥w

d. AKÃo-\n-b≥ As√-¶n¬ kzm`m-hnI

kn≤m-¥w.

e. BZm-ans‚ ]m]w \Ω-fn-te°p NpaØn

F∂-Xns‚ kw£n-]vXw.

III.]m]-Øns‚ hym]vXn

IV.Hcp hnizm-kn-bnse c≠v kz`m-h-ßƒ

A. kz`mhw F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ bYm¿∞yw

B. ]gb kz`mhw

C. ]pXnb kz`mhw

lmat‰mfPn:

]m]sØ∏‰nbp≈ D]tZiw

I. ]m]-Øns‚ \n¿h-N\w

A. ]m]-sØ-Ip-dn®v thZ-]p-kvXI hnh-cWw

thZ-]p-kvXIw ]m]-Øn\v IrXy-X-bm¿∂ \n¿h-N\w

\evIp-∂n-√, F∂m¬ ]m]-sØ-Ip-dn®v \nc-h[n hnh-

cWw \evIp-∂p.

1. A[¿Ωw

.... ]m]w A[¿Ωw Xs∂ (1 tbml. 3:4).

2. A\oXn

“.... GXv A\o-Xnbpw ]m]-am-Ip-∂p” (1 tbml. 5:17).

3. hnizm-k-Øn¬ \n∂v D¤-hn-°m-ØXv

“... hnizm-k-Øn¬ \n∂v D¤-hn-°m-Ø-sXm-s°bpw

]m]-a-sX” (tdma. 14:23).

4. K¿∆p≈ IÆpw, Al-¶m-c-lr-Z-bhpw

“K¿∆p≈ IÆpw, Al-¶m-c-lr-Z-bhpw ZpjvS-∑m-cpsS

Zo]hpw ]m]w-Xs∂” (k-Zr. 21:4).

5. icn Adn-™n´pw sNøm-Ø-Xv.

A≤ymbw 7

lmat‰mfPn]m]sØ∏‰nbp≈ D]tZiw

86

“\∑ sNbvhm-\-dn-™n´pw sNøm-Ø-h\v AXp ]m]w

Xs∂” (bmt°m. 4:17).

6. kzbw ]mW-lm\n

“Ft∂mSp ]ng-°p-∂-ht\m X\n°p ]mW-lm\n hcp-

Øp-∂p...” (kZr. 8:36).

B. ]m]Øn\v ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ ]Z-

ßsfIpdn-®p≈ ]T-\w.

1. ]m]-Øn\v \n¿t±-in-®n- p≈ F_mb hm°p-I-fpsS

]T-\w.

a. lm´m, Im´m F∂v D®cn°pw (]m]w)

]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ hfsc km[m-cWambn ]m]-Øn\v

D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ ]Z-am-Wn-Xv. CXv GI-tZiw 580

]mhiyw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. s]mXp-hmb D]-tbm-

K-Øn¬ CXns‚ A¿∞w “e£yw sX‰pI As√-

¶n¬ hgn sX‰pI” F∂mWv. \ymb. 20:16- ¬ e£yw

sX‰msX Fdn-bp-hm≥ Ign-bp∂ CS¶ø-cmb Ihn-W-

°msc Ipdn®v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. (A-£-cm¿∞-Øn¬

]m]-a√!) kZr-. 19:2˛¬ i≤-bn-√mØ a\- p-≈-h≥

Xs‚ ]mZw-sIm≠v ]m]w sNøp-∂p. A¿∞w Xs‚

]mZw icn-bmb hgn-I-fn¬ A√. km∑m¿KnI ]›m-

Ø-e-Øn¬ ]Xo-£-Iƒ°v A\p-k-c-W-bmbn Pohn-

°p-hm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-Xv. a‰p-≈-h-cpsS \oXnbpw, XmXv]-

cy-ßfpw kwc-£n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bm-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. i‡-

amb hy‡n-]-c-amb FXn¿∏v F∂v Hm¿∏n°p∂p!1

b. ]mjm (A-Xn-I-aw)

Cu hm°v GI-tZiw 93 ]mhiyw \ma-am-bn- pw, 41

]mhiyw Inb-bm-bn´pw D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v. cmjvSob

]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ CXn-\¿∞w A[nImcØn\v

t\scbp≈ FXn¿∏v, ]t£m`w F∂m-Wv. (1 cmP-

˛12:19; 2 cm-P. 3:7; 8:20). ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬

ssZh-Øns‚ ]c-am-[n-Im-csØ Xnc-kv°-cn-°¬.

ssZh-tØmSp≈ _‘sØ FXn¿°pI. CXns‚

km[m-cW X¿÷na ""AXnIaw'' F∂m-Wv.

c. Bshm≥ (A[¿Ωw)

Cu \ymbw 231 ]mh-iy-hpw, Inb-bmbn 17 ]mhiyw

D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂p? 2 CXns‚ ][m\ Cw•ojv

X¿÷na “C\n°yp‰n” (A[¿Ωw) F∂m-Wv. CXns‚

ASn-ÿm\ Bibw” hf°pI, HSn-°p-I, Iaw sX‰n-

°p-I”. k¶o. 38;6” Rm≥ Ip\n™v G‰hpw Iq\n-

bncn-°p-∂p, Rm≥ CS-hn-SmsX Zp:Jn®p \S-°p-∂p”

(hnem. 3:9) ssZh-Øns‚ _me-in-£-bmbn ]d-bp-∂p.

“sh´pI-√p-sIm≠v Ah≥ Fs‚ hgn AS®v Fs‚

]mX-Isf hnI-S-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p”. CXns‚ ]›m-

Øe Bi-b-Øn¬ I]-S-kz- mhw ˛ F_mb `mj-

tbm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ A[¿Ωhpw AXn-\p-f-f

in£bpw F∂v A¿∞w. A[¿Ωw F∂ hm°n\v

hfsc kpZo¿L-amb A¿∞hpw D≠v. Ip‰hpw

in£bpw (sb-i. 53:6) “\mw F√m-hcpw BSp-Isf

t]mse sX‰n-t∏m-bn-cp∂p \mw Hmtcm-cp-Ø\pw

Xm¥ms‚ hgn°v Xncn-™n-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ sbtlmh

\ΩpsS F√m-h-cp-sSbpw AIrXyw(AIrXyØn\p≈

in£) Ahs‚ ta¬ Npa-Øn”.3 Hcp ]m]]hrØnsb

°mfpw a\pjys‚ sX‰mb ]hrØnIfpsS BsI

ØpIsb ImWn°p∂ Hcp s]mXphmb hm°mWv

A[¿Ωw F∂Xv.

d. dm (Zp-jvS-X)

Cu hm°v GI-tZiw 444 ]mhiyw D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-

≠v. 4 F_mb `mj-bn¬ \√Xv F∂-Xns‚ FXn¿]-

Z-am-Wn-Xv. (D-ev]. 3:5; kZr. 14:22). ssZh-im-kvX-Øn\v

shfn-bn¬ CXv ‘\miw’ "apdnhv' "hn]Øv' F∂

A¿∞-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. ‘dm’ F∂Xp-

sIm≠v £oWn-®, tcmKw _m[n® arKw F∂v ImWn-

°p-∂p. (D-ev]. 41:21, 27) hnjw Ie¿∂ ]mb-k-tam,

sh≈tam (2 cmP. 2:19; 4:41), ]Ir-Xn-t£m`w (sb-i.

45:7) H∂n\pw sIm≈mØXv (k-Zr. 20:14) As√-¶n¬

Hcp sX‰mb ktµ-i-I≥ (k-Zr. 13:17). CXn¬ \n∂pw

\ap°v a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂Xv ]m]w apdnhv D≠m-

°p∂ kz¥-\m-i-Øn\pw a‰p≈-h-cpsS \mi-Øn\pw

CS-bm-Ip-∂p. AXn-\m¬ ‘dm’ ssZhØn\v kzoIm-cy-

a√ (a-em. 2:17). ssZhhpw, ssZh-P-\hpw CXns\bpw

CXp apJm¥ncw D≠mIp∂ \misØbpw shdp-

°Ww (k-¶n. 97:10; kZr. 8:13).

e. ]g-b-\n-ba hm°p-I-fpsS kw£n-]vXw.

]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ ]m]-Øn-\p-]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂

hm°p-Iƒ \nehmcØn¬\n∂pw hyXnNen°pI

F∂ A¿∞ØnemWv. ]m]w F∂m¬ \ne-hmcw

3 lm´m F∂ hm°n\v hfsc hn]p-e-amb A¿∞w D≠vAXn¬ in£ F∂ Bibhpw Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p. kwJy. 32:23”F∂m¬ \nßƒ Aßs\ sNbvI-bn√ F¶n¬ \nßƒbtlmhtbmSp-]m]w sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p”. CXn-\¿∞w \nß-fpsS Ip‰-Øn\v in£ \nß-sf Is≠-Øpw. Ip‰hpwin£hpw hfsc A[nIw IqSn-I-e¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p. AXmbXv]m]Øns‚ hm°pIƒ in£°p≈ \n¿∆N\hpw IqsSXcp∂p.4 Charles C. Ryrie, Basic Theology (Wheaton, IL: VictorBooks, 1986) 209.


1 Harris, Arther & Waltke, editors, Theological Word Bookof the Old Testament, 2 vols, (Moody Press, 1980) 1:277-792 Ibid. 2:650˛51

87

\jvSs∏SpIbmWv. AIrXyw F∂m¬ \nehmc

Øn¬\n∂v hyXnNen°pItbm FXn¿°pItbm

BWv. A[¿Ωw F∂m¬ \nehmcsØ am‰n

PohnXhgnbn¬ \n∂v amdnt∏mIp∂XmWv.

2. ]m]sØ ImWn-°p∂ Ko°p-]-Z-ßƒ.

a. lam¿ń-b, lam¿´mt\m (]m-]w)

]m]sØ ImWn-°p-hm≥ ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ s]mXp-

hmbn D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ ]Z-amWv lam¿ń-b.

CXns‚ Inbm-]Zw GI-tZiw 43 ]mh-iyhpw, \ma-

]Zw 174 ]mh-iyhpw ImWp-∂p. sk]v‰p-P‚n¬

(F_mb ss__n-fns‚ Ko°v X¿÷n-a) lm´m- F∂

F_mb hm°v 238 ]mhiyw X¿÷na sNbvXn-cn-

°p-∂p.5 CXv ]m[an-I-ambn ImWn-°p-∂Xv “e£yw

sX‰pI” F∂mWv.

]mNo\ Ko°v `mjm ]tbm-K-Øn¬ Cu \n¿∆-N\w

Xs∂ ImWp-∂p. Ip¥w D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ Hcp ]S-bm-

fn-I-fpsS e£yw-sX-‰nb IpØ-ep-Isf ImWn-°p-hm≥

tlma¿ Cu ]Zw \qdne[nIw ]mhiyw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-

cn-°p-∂p. IrXy-ambn Hcp hnj-bsØ Bkv]Z-am°n

Imhy-c-N\ \S-Øp-hm≥ Ign-bmØ Hcp Ihn-bpsS

]cm-P-bsØ ImWn-°p-hm≥ ‰yqssk-Un-Ukv Cu

]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. tπt‰m-bpw, sks\-

t^mWpw [m¿Ωn-I-amb ]cm-P-bsØ ImWn-°p-hm≥

D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.6 lo_p-hn-se-bpw, Ko°n-sebpw

kmln-Xy-]-›m-Ø-ehpw “e£yw sX‰pI” F∂

\n¿∆-N\w ImWn-°p-∂p. tdma¿. 3:23 Cu \n¿h-®-\-

Øn\v DØ-a-D-Zm-l-c-W-am-Wv.

“.... F√m-hcpw ]m]w-sNbvXv ssZh-tX-P v

C√m-Ø-h-cmbn Xo¿∂p” (tdma. 3:23).

b. lam¿ńb IqSm-sX-bp≈ ]Z-ßƒ.

(1) AUn-°n-tbm, AUn-°nb (A-\o-Xn)

Inb 26 ]mh-iy-hpw, \maw 26 ]mhiyhpw D]-tbm-

Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu hm°n\v ""A\oXn'' F∂pw

""Zpjv]hrØn'' F∂pw A¿∞ap≠v. a‰p≈hsc

D]Zhn°pI F∂ Bibhpw Dƒs∏Sp∂p.

ssZhØns‚ \oXn, kz`mhw, \nehmcw F∂o

BibßfpsS `n∂amb A¿∞amWv.

(2) ]mc∏t‰ma(AXnIaw, FXncv)

]pXnb\nbaØn¬ 21 ]mhiyw Cu ]Zw

D]tbmKn®n´p≠v. CXns‚ A¿∞w ""Hcp hitØ°v

hogpI''(]mc∏t‰ma), Ko°v IemkmlnXyØn¬

hfsc Npcp°ambnt´ D]tbmKn°p. Nnet∏mƒ

kmlnXy]niIv ImWn°phm≥ D]tbmKn°mdp≠v.

t]mfn_nbkv \maambn D]tbmKn®t∏mƒ ""sX‰v,

A_≤w, hnUvVnØw'' F∂o A¿∞ßƒ hcp∂

coXnbn¬ D]tbmKn®ncn°p∂p.7

]pXn-b- \n-b-a ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv cq£-amb

]m]sØ ImWn-°p-hm-\√ (K-em. 6:1). F∂m¬ F√m-

bvt∏mgpw Aßs\b√ (F-t^. 2:1). Cw•ojv hnh¿Ø-

I¿ CXv AXn-Iaw Ft∂m, BI-an-°pI Ft∂m

X¿÷-a-sN-bvXn-cn-°p-∂p. “hitØ°p hogpI”F∂Xv e£yw sX‰pI F∂-Xn\v GI-tZiw kam-\-

amWv; AXn-\m¬ Xs∂ Cu c≠p ]Z-ß-fpw ]cym-b-

ambn D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. AXn-Iaw F∂m¬

“sX∂pI” , “hogpI” F∂¿∞w.

(3) At\m-anb (A-Ir-Xyw, \nb-a-cm-ln-Xyw)

Cu ]Zw 15 ]mhiyw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂p \nb-a-

Øn\v FXn-cmbn ]h¿Øn-°pI As√¶n¬ \nba

an√mXncn°pI F∂¿∞w.

(4) ]cm-_m-knkv (sX-‰v)

Cu ]Zw “]m]-''Øn¬ \n∂pw hyXykvXambn sX‰n

°phm≥ \nbaw Ds≠-¶n¬ amXw _m[-I-am-Wv.8

tdma. 4:15 ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv “\ymb-]-amWw C√m-tØ-

SØp ewL\w C√”. AXpsIm≠v km[m-cW \ne-

bn¬ a\p-jy≥ ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse a\p-jys‚ sX‰p-

Iƒ \njvI-f¶amb sX‰p-Iƒ- A-√(am\pjnI

kzm`mhnI Hgp°v). Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ \nbaw Adn-™p-

sIm≠v sX‰n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Ko°v kmlnXyØn¬ Cu

]Zw Hcp DS-ºSn ewLn-°p-∂-Xn\mbn D]tbmKn®ncn-

°p-∂p. DZm: kam-[m-\-D-S-º-Sn, As√-¶n¬ Iog-Sß¬

DS-º-Sn. sX‰v F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ bYm¿∞ A¿∞w

AXn¿ew-Ln-°p-I.9 F∂mWv. ]cm-_m-knkv sX‰v7 Ibid. 2468 tdma¿ 5:13 \ymb-]-amWw C√m-Øn-SØv ]m]w D≠m-bnssZhw Ir]bp≈h\mbncp∂-Xp-sIm≠v tami-bpsS \ymb-]-am-W-Øns‚ Akm-∂n≤y-Øn¬ hy‡n-]-c-amb ]m]-ßƒ IW°nń-√. Bfp-Iƒ Ct∏mgpw BZm-ans‚ ]m]-Øn¬ acn-°p-∂p \ymb-]-am-W-Øn\v apºv hy‡n-]-c-amb]m]w C√. AXp-sIm≠v ]am-W-Øns‚ Akm-∂n≤yØnepw ]m]w D≠mImw. sX‰v Hcp [m¿ΩnI taJe(]amWw)A¿∞am-°p-∂p.9 D. Kittle and G. Freidrich, Editors, . The TheologicalDictionary of the New Testament 10 vols.(Grand Rapids:Wm. B, Eerdmans Publishing Co.,1967, 5:736ff)

lmat‰mfPn: ]m]sØ∏‰nbp≈ D]tZiw

5 G. Kittel and G. Freidrich, eds., The Theologycal Dic-tionary of the New Testament, 10 vols., (Grand Rapids:Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1967) 1:268.6 Ibid., 1: 293; see also Richard C. Trench, Synonyms ofthe New Testament, reprint ed. (Grand Rapids: Wm. BEerdmans Publishing Co., 1976) 214.

88

F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ km[m-cW hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXn-

cn-°p-∂p. CXv 7 ]mh-iy-hpw, kam\amb ]cm-_m-

‰nkv F∂Xv 5 ]mh-iyhpw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

(5) Ask-_nb (`‡n-tI-Sv)

]h¿Øn-bnepw, at\m`m-h-Ønepw ssZh-Øn\v sImSp-

t°≠ _lp-am\w sImSp-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xv CXv 6

]mhiyw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

(6) Imt°mkv (Xn-∑)

Zcn-Z-\mb `n£-°m-c≥ emk¿ Xs‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬

Xn∑bpw c£n-°-s∏-SmØ [\-hm≥ \∑bpw A\p-

hn-®p. (eq-t°m. 16:25).

‘Imt°mkv’ F∂-]Zw tamiw imco-cnI Ahÿ Im

Wn-°p-hm\pw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. (a¿t°m. 1:32). Hcp

[m¿Ωn I \ne-hm-c-Øn¬ Cu ]Zw ImWn-°p-∂Xv

]m]w kzb-Øn-epw, a‰p-≈-h¿°pw, thZ-\bpw, apdn-

hpw, tZmjhpw D≠m-°p-∂p. ]m]n-Iƒ Ah-cpsS

kzmX¥yw ]m]w sNøm≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-tºmƒ

Ah¿ Ahsc Xs∂ bpw a‰p-≈-h-scbpw \in-∏n-°m≥

BK-ln-°p-∂p. Zhym-Klw kI-e-hn-[- tZm-j-Øn\pw

Imc-W-am-Ip-∂p (1 Xnsam. 6:10).

(7) s]mt\-tdmkv (Zp-jvS-X)

Cu Ko°v hm°v hfsc km[m-c-W-bmbn D]-tbm-Kn-

®n-cn-°p∂p. CXn¬ a‰p-≈-hscIqSn A[n-I-ambn

]m]Øn¬ tN¿Øv hcp∂ Hcp A¿∞ hym]vXn-Im-

Wmw. ZpjvS Pohn GIm-¥-X-bn¬ ]m]w sNbvXv

Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-∂n-√. Ah≥ ]m]w sNbvXv a‰p-≈-h-sc-

IqSn AXn-te°v hen-®n-g-°p-∂p. ]nim-Nns‚ t]cp-I-

fn¬ H∂v “Zp:jvS≥” F∂mWv (a-Øm. 13:19, 38;

1 tbml. 2:13,14; 5:18).

3. kw£n]vXw

thZ-im-kvX-⁄-∑m¿ ]m]-Øn\v \nc-h[n \n¿h-N-\-

ßƒ \evIn-bn- p-≠v. ]m]-Øn\v H‰ hmNIØn¬ A¿

∞w sIm≠p-h-cp-hm≥ hcp∂ ]tbmKamWv Xmsg

X∂n´p≈Xv. ""]m]w ssZh-Øns‚ hnip≤ kz`m-h-

tØmSv tNcmsX A[¿Ωw ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-XmWv.''

II. ]m]Øns‚ D¤hw

A. ]]©Øn¬ ]m]-Øns‚ Dev]-Øn.

a\p-jys‚ krjvSn-∏n¬ ssZh-]p-X-∑m¿ (Zq-X-∑m¿)

kt¥m-j-Øm¬ ]mSn (Cu-tøm. 38:7). AXp-sIm≠v

B ka-bØv ]m]-Øns‚ Ahÿ C√m-Xn-cp-∂p.

Bdmw Znh-k-Ønepw ssZhw kI-ehpw krjvSn-®-

tijw ‘hfsc \√Xv’F∂v I≠p (D-ev]. 1:31), CXv

ImWn-°p-∂Xv B ka-bØpw ]]-©-Øn¬ ]m]w

]th-in-®n-cp-∂n-√. ]nim-Nns\ t`mjvIns‚ A∏-\m-

bn´pw BZy-Ip-e-]m-X-I-\mbpw ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p

(tbml. 8:44). ]m]sØ Ipdn-°p∂ Pohnbmbn BZyw

ss__n-fn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv Ah-s\-bm-Wv. (D-ev].

3:1, HØp t\m°p-I. shfn. 12:9). BZy-]m]w an°-

hmdpw DS-se-Sp-°p-∂Xv a\pjykrjvSn°v tij-hpw,

F∂m¬ GZ≥ tXm -Ønse ]co-£°v ap≥]pw ]]-

©-Øn¬ ]m]w D≠m-b-Xns\ Ipdn-®p≈ IrXy-k-a-

bsØ Ipdn®v ]e kwi-b-ßfpw D≠v; F∂m¬

AXns‚ Bcw`Is\ Ipdn®v Hcp kwi-b-hp-an-√.

kmØms\ DØ-a-ambn krjvSn-®p, F∂m¬ AIrXyw

Ah-\n¬ Is≠-Øn. (sb-l. 28:12 ff-) ]tXyIambn

sbl. 28:17 ]d-bp∂p “\ns‚ kuµcyw \nanØw

\ns‚ lrZbw K¿∆n-®p. \ns‚ ] -\n-anØw \o \ns‚

⁄m\sØ hj-fm-°n... .”

B. a\pjy\n¬ ]m]-Øns‚ D¤hw

am\-h-cm-in-bn¬ ]m]w DS-se-Sp-ØXv BZm-an¬Iq-Sn-

bmWv. CXv Bdmw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ \c-hw-i-im-kvX-

Øn¬ hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p (Im-Wp-I. Dev]. 3; tdma.

5:12 ff-; 1 sIm-cn. 15:21 ff-; 1 Xnsam. 2:14).

C. ]m]Øns‚ Bcw`w hy‡n-I-fn¬

hy‡n-I-fn¬ ]m]-Øns‚ D¤-hsØ Ipdn®v c≠v

][m\ tNmZy-ßƒ D≠v. H∂v, Cu temI-Øn¬ P\n-

°p∂ Htc hy‡nIfn-te°pw ]m]w F]-Imcw hym]-

cn-°p-∂p. c≠v, GZ≥tXm- -Øn¬ BZmw sNbvX ]m]w

Ct∏m-gp≈ Bfp-Ifn¬ F]-Imcw IW°nSp∂p.

1. Hmtcm Xe-apdIfn-te°pw ]m]-Øns‚ hym]\w

]m]-Øn‚ ]-I¿®sbIpdn®v ss__nƒ ]d-bp-∂Xv

a\ nem°phm≥ a\p-jys‚ Bflm-hns‚ D¤-h-

tØ°pdn®v hnim-e-ambn ]Tn-°-Ww. Bflm-hns‚

D¤-h-sØ-Ip-dn®v ][m-\-ambpw c≠v Bi-b-ßƒ \ne-

\n-ev°p-∂p.

a. krjvSnhmZ Bibw

Cu Bibw A\p-k-cn®v ]Ir-Xn-\nbaßƒ°v hnt[

bambn amXm-]n-Xm-°-fn-eqsS P\n-°p∂ Ip™n\v Hcp

tZlw e`n-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ Hcp Ip™v DcphmIp-

tºmƒ Xs∂ ssZhw Hcp Bflm-hns\ krjvSn®v

Cu Ip™n\v \evIp-∂p. Cu hmZsØ i‡ns∏Sp-

Øp-hm≥ s]mXp-hmbn ]d-bp∂ hmIyw “ssZhw

Bflm-°-fpsS DS-b-h≥” F∂Xm-Wv. (kw-Jy. 16:22;

k`m-]. 12:7; sbi. 57:16; skJ. 12:1; F_m. 12:9)10.

10 Imƒhns‚ ]m-c-ºcyw krjvSn hmZØnte°v \bn°p∂p.CXv A\p-tbm-Py-am-Ip-∂Xv ]m]w IW°nSp∂Xpw DSºSnsNøp∂Xpamb GI t\XrXz BibtØmSmWv.


89

Cu Bi-b-hm-Z-Øn\v ][m-\-ambpw Nne t]mcm-bva-

Iƒ D≠v. Hcp ]Ir-Xn-Z-Ø-amb hwi-h¿≤-\-hn\v

ssZhw a\p -jys\ krjvSn®p F∂p amXta

ta¬∏d™ hmIy-ßƒ A¿∞-am-°p-∂p-≈p. P\n-

°mØ Hcp Ip™ns‚ imco-cn-I-h-f¿®-bn¬ kw -hn-

°p∂ Imcyw. ]Ir-Xn-Z-Ø-am-bn v amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ B

in-ip-hn\v Hcp icocw Hcp-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ CXv kXy-

am-sW-¶nepw Hcp inip-hns‚ ico-c-Øns‚ krjvSn-

Xmhpw ssZh-amWv (k-¶o. 139:13- 16). AXp-Iq-SmsX

Dev]. 2;1- epw F_m. 4:4˛epw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv ssZhw

Xs‚ krjvSn∏v the-bn¬\n∂pw hni-an-°p∂p F∂v.

Hmtcm-Zn-h-khpw ssZhw Bbn-c-°-W-°n\v ]pXnb

a\pjy Bflm-°sf krjvSn-°p-∂p F∂Xv Ahn-iz-

k-\o-bw. Ah-km-\-ambn Cu Bi-b-tØmSv i‡-

ambn hntbm-Pn-°p∂ ASpØ Imcyw F∂Xv Cu

Bibw A\p-k-cn®v ssZh-amWv Hmtcm-cp-Ø¿°pw

]m]w sNøp-hm≥ aqe-Im-cWw As√-¶n¬ ]m]w

Hmtcm hy‡nbnepw hkn°phm≥ ImcWw.

b. SUypj≥ Bibw (kn-≤m-¥w)

Cu kn≤m¥w A\p-k-cn®v P\n-°p∂ Ip™n\v

Bflmhv e`n-°p-∂Xv amXm-]n-Xm-°-fn-eq-sS-bmWv.

AXp-ap-tJ\ a\p-jy-\n¬ ]m]w IS∂v hcp-∂Xv amXm-

]n-Xm-°-fn-eq-sS-bmWv. adn®v ssZh-Øns‚ ]tXyI

]h¿Øn-bn-eqsSb√ F∂v ImWmw. Cu Bibw

ssZhw Xs‚ krjvSn-∏p-I-fn¬ \n∂pw kzX-¥-\m-

sW∂pw ImWn-°p-∂p.

SUyp-j≥ kn≤m¥w A\p-k-cn®v amXm-]n-Xm-°-fn-

eqsS (A-dn-b-s∏-SmØ Hcp ]h¿Ø-\-Øn-eq-sS) a\p-

jy-\n¬ uan-I-hpw, Aù-an-I-hp-amb LS-I-ßƒ cq]o-

I-cn-°p-∂p. CXns\ \nc-h[n hmIy-ßƒ km[q-I-cn-

°p∂p (F-∂m¬ SUyp-j≥ kn≤m¥w X≈n-°-f-bm-

\m-hmØ hn[w sXfn-bn-°-s∏- n- n-√). D-ev]. 2:7˛s‚

bYm¿∞ hnh¿Ø\w ]Tn-∏n -°p-∂Xv “ssZhw

BZman¬ Pohs‚ izmkw DuXn (izmkw F∂Xv

_lp-h-N-\-Øn¬) Cu _lp-h-N\w ImWn-°p-∂-Xv,

P\n-® kIe Xe-ap-d-I-sfbpw cq]m¥cs∏SpØphm

\p≈ AùanI LSIw X∂n¬ \n∂pw hym]cn-®p.

Dev]. 5:3 ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv Xs‚ kzcq-]-Øn-ep≈ Hcp

aIs\ BZw P\n-∏n®p. CXv imco-cnI LS-I-sØ-

°mƒ IqSp-X¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. BZw Xs‚

]m]mhÿbnep≈ ico-c-tØmSv A\p-cq-]-amb coXn-

bn¬ Hcp aIs\ P\n-∏n-®p. a\p-jy≥ ]m]-Øn¬

K¿`w [cn-°p-Ibpw P\n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p F∂v

At\-I-hm-Iy-ßƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. (k-¶o. 51:5; 58:3

Ctøm. 14:1,4; 15:14; Ft^. 2:1) . ssZhw Bflm-hns\

krjvSn-®-t∏mƒ Cu ]m]w Bflmhnt∑¬ sh®p

F∂v Fhn-sSbpw ]d-bp-∂n-√. F∂m¬ A\p-hm-N-I¿

DƒsIm-t≈-≠Xv K¿`-]m-X-Øn¬ Dcp-h-mb Hcp

Ip™n\v AXns‚ amXm-]n-Xm-°-fn¬ \n∂pw ]m]w

AhImiam°p-∂p. F_m. 7:9,10 P\n-°mØ Ip™p-

ß-fpsS Bflm°sf Ah-c-psS amXm-]n-Xm-°-fn¬

ImWp-hm≥ ssZh-Øn\v Ignbpw. tehn a¬°n-k-tZ-

°n\v A_-lm-an-eqsS Zimwiw sImSp-°p-∂Xv(te-

hn-bpsS ]q¿∆]nXmhv) ssZhw I≠p. CXv ImWn-°p-

∂Xv Bflm-°sf ssZhw krjvSn-°p-∂-X√ adn®v

amXm-]n-Xm-°-fn-eqsSbmWv Ip™pßƒ°v Bflm-

°sf e`n -°p -∂-Xv . ]m]-X-Xz -im -kvX-Øns‚

Xmt°m¬ hmIyw tdma¿ 5:12 BWv.11

“AXpsIm≠v GI-a-\p-jy-\m¬ ]m]hpw ]m]-

Øm¬ ac-Whpw temI-Øn¬ IS-∂p. Cßs\

F√m-hcpw ]m]w sNbvI-bm¬ acWw kIe

a\p-jy-cnepw ]c-∂n-cn-°p-∂p” (tdma. 5:12.)

“F√m-hcpw ]m]w sNbvI-bm¬” F∂ ]Z-]-tbm-K-

Øm¬ Hcp bYm¿∞yw, BZm-ans‚ ]m]-Ønse

]¶v(]mXn\n[yw) shfn-s∏-Sp-∂p. CXv ImWn-°p-∂Xv

Hcp Ip™ns‚ Bflmhv amXm-]n-Xm-°-fn¬ \n∂v

e`n°p∂p.12

SUypj≥ kn≤m¥w a\p-jy-B-flm-hns‚ ]I-c¬

hy‡-ambn hnh-cn-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v ]m-]-Øns‚

Bcw`hpw hy‡nbnemsW∂v hy‡am°p∂p. a\p

jys‚ ASn-ÿm\ LS-I-amb Aù-anI `mK-ßfpw

icochpw amXm]nXm°fn¬ \n∂v cq]s∏´Xpt]mse

Ah\n¬ A[nhkn°p∂ ]m]Øns‚ ]hWXbpw

amXm]nXm°fn¬ \n∂v iniphnte°v ]Ics∏Sp∂p.

CXn¬\n∂v hyXymkw tbipInkvXphn\p amXw.

F¥psIms≠∂m¬ Xm≥ ]cnip≤mflmhn\m¬

Dcphmbn. ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv adn-b-bpsS aosX \ng-en´p

AXpsIm≠v InkvXp ]m]-c-ln-X-\mbn P\n-®p. as‰-

√m-h-cnepw hy‡n]camb ]m]w amXm-]n-Xm-°-fn¬

\n∂pw D≠m-hp-Ibpw K¿`-]m-X-Øn¬ Dcp-hm-Ip-

tºmƒ AXv ]Xy-£-am-Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.13

2. BZm-ans‚ ]m]w \Ω-f-nte°p Npa-Ø¬.

BZm-ans‚ ]m]w F]-Imcw \Ω-fn-¬ IW°n´p F∂-

Xn\v SUyp-j-≥ kn≤m¥w aXnbmb sXfnhv

11 GI t\XrXzØnse IW°nS¬ AwKoIcn®m¬ tdma.5:12˛¬ krjvSnhmZ Bibw shfns∏SpØphm≥ Ignbpw.12 eqZ-d¨ ssZh-imkvXw SUyp-j≥ kn≤m-¥-tØmSv B`n-apJyw ImWn-°p-∂p.13 Fgp-ØpIm-c≥ hniz-kn-°p-∂Xv ]nXm-hn¬ \ns∂∂t]mse ]m]-kz-`mhw amXm-hn-eq-sSbpw IS∂p hcp∂p.F∂m¬ adn-b-bpsS Imcy-Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv \ng-en- n-cp -∂-Xp-sIm≠v AXn¬ \n∂pw Xs‚ aI-t\m-Sp≈


90

\¬Ip∂p F∂v Xok≥ ]d-bp-∂p.14 CXn¬ henb

kXyw D≠v. amXm-]n-Xm-°-fn-eqsS Ip™p-ß-fpsS

icocw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xp-t]mse Bflmhpw D≠m-Ip-

∂psh-¶n¬ \mw Ghcpw AtX am¿ΩnI coXn-bn¬

BZm-an¬ D≠m-bn-cp∂p, Xm≥ ]m]w sNøp-tºmƒ.

CXns‚ kIe Imcy-ßfpw cl-ky-am-Wv. ]nXm-hmb

BZman¬ \mw D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v ]m]w \Ωn-

te°v ]th-in-®p. Ign™ \q‰m-≠p-I-fn¬ ]m]w

IW°nSp∂Xns\ Ipdn®v \nc-h[n Bi-b-ßƒ DS-

se-Sp-Øp. CXv ]m[m\yw \¬In Nn¥n-°p-∂Xv klm-

b-I-c-am-sW-¶nepw Nne AXn ][m\ hnj-b-ß-fpsS

hnh-cWw A\n-hm-cy-am-Wv.

a. s]em-Pn-b≥ kn≤m¥w

Cu kn≤m¥w A\p-k-cn®v BZm-ans‚ ]m]w BZm-

ans\ amXsa _m[n-®p-≈p. BZmapam-bp≈ \ΩpsS

_‘-Øn¬ BZmw \ap°v sX‰mb amXrIbmWv.

s]em-Pn-b≥ kn≤m¥w hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿ ]d-bp-∂Xv

Hmtcm Bflm-°fpw kz¥-ambn ]m]w sNbvhm≥

IgnbmØ \n¿t±mjnbmbn krjvSn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.

Ahs‚ hy‡n]chpw kpt_m[hpamb ]m]amWv

Ah\n¬ in£mhn[n hcpØp∂Xv. Cu Bibw

]q¿Æ-ambpw hN\ hncp-≤-am-Wv. (Bdmw A≤ymbw

ImWpI ˛ \c-hw-i-imkvXw ˛ a\p-jys‚ km¿∆-

XnI A[:]X-\w.)

b. skan˛s]-em-Pn-b≥ kn≤m¥w

Ch¿ ]d-bp-∂Xv F√m a\p-jycpw ]m]-t]-c-W-tbmsS

P\n-°p-∂p, F∂m¬ AXv hy‡n-]-c-ambn sNøm-Øn-

S-tØmfw Ip‰-t_m-[-tam, in£tbm C√. BZm-ans‚

]m]w Xs‚ Xe-ap-d-I-fn¬ ]m]t]cW D≠m°psa

¶nepw Hcp in£bpw sIm≠p-h-∂n-√.

tdma¿. 5:14-˛s‚ Du∂¬ F∂-Xv, BZmans‚ ]m]-

Øm¬ tami-bpsS \ymb-]-am-W-Øn\v apºp-Xs∂

Bfp-Iƒ imco-cn-I-ambn acn®p. ]amWw C√m-Xn-cp∂

ImeØp IqSn hy‡n ]m]-Øn\v Bfp-Iƒ IW-°p-

sIm-Sp-t°-≠n-h∂ns√¶nepw (Im-Wp-I. tdma. 4:15;5:13),

Bfp-Iƒ BZmans‚ ]m]w \nan-Øw acn®psIm≠ncp

∂p. Bb-Xn-\m¬ a\p-jy-Ip-e-Øn¬ BZmans‚ ]m]w

tami-amb [m¿ΩnI t]cW amX-a√ ]m]-Øns‚

]mY-anI Xe-Øn-ep≈ Ip‰t_m[-hpw, \ymhn-[n-bpw,

ac-Whpw BfloIhpw, imco-cn-Ihpw Df-hm-°n. Cu

kn≤m¥w ssZh-h-N\ hymJym\sØ ASn-ÿm-\-am-

°msX sshIm-cn -I-Xsb ASn -ÿm\am°n-bp -

≈XmWv.15

c. sÛd¬ slUvjn∏v kn≤m¥w

Cu kn≤m¥w hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿ ]d-bp-∂Xv am\-h-

cm-in-bpsS \mi-Øn\v ImcWw BZm-ans‚ ]m]w

F∂m-Wv. CXv aptJ\ Bfln-I, imco-cnI ac-Whpw

]m]kz`mhhpw IS-∂p-h-∂p. GZ-\nse hogvN-bpsS

ê-ambn Ip‰-hpw, \ymb-hn-[nbpw \mw G‰p-hm-ßn.

sÛ-d¬ kn≤m¥w A\p-k-cn®v BZw a\pjy

h¿§Øns‚ ]Xn-\n-[n-bm-Wv. ssZhw BZmap-ambn

Hcp -DS-ºSn sNbvXp Aßs\ BZmw k¿∆-a-\p-

jy¿°pw ]Xn-\n-[n-bm-bn. \ΩpsS \nb-a-hm-gvN°v Xnc-

s™-Sp-∏n¬ thm v sNøp-∂-Xp-t]mse BZmw \ap°v

th≠n thm´v sNbvXp. Hcp \nb-a-\n¿Ωm-W-Øn¬

\Ωp-sS-Xmb i_vZw C√, \ΩpsS ]Xn-\n[n F¥v

Xocp-am-\n-°p-∂pthm AXv \sΩ _m[n-°p-∂p. BZw

]m]w sNbvX-t∏mƒ \ap°v th≠n Hcp Xnc-s™-

Sp∏v \S-Øn. AtXm-Sp-IqSn ssZhw kI-e-a-\p-jycpw

]m]n-I-sf-∂v hn[n°bpw Hmtcm Bflm-°sfbpw ]m]-

kz- m-htØmSv IqSn krjvSn°bpw sNbvXp. CXn\v

ImcWw \ΩpsS ]Xn-\n-[n-bpsS Xocp-am\w \mw

]m]hpw, \ymb-hn-[nbpw ac-Whpw G‰p-hm-ßWw

F∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Cu GIt\XrXz kn≤m-¥w, BZmw

]m]w sNøp∂ kabw \mw BZm-an-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂p

F∂v AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂n-√, CXv krjvSn-hm-Z-hp-ambn ]e-

ta-J-e-I-fn-epw, ]tXy-In®v Bflm-hns‚ D¤-h-tØmSp

_‘-s∏ v kwtbmPn®p hcp∂p. (S-Uyp-j≥ kn≤m-

¥hpw sÛ-d¬ slUvjn∏v kn≤m-¥hpw

hy‡ambn th¿Xncn°mhp∂X√).

sÛ-d¬ slUvjn-∏vkn-≤m-¥w, IW°nS¬ kw_

‘n®v ]mc-º-cy-aq-ey-ap-≈-Xpw, Nne kXy-ßƒ Df-f-

Xp-amWv. BZmw Hcp ]Xn-\n-[n-bm-W-t√m, F∂mepw

\nc-h[n t]mcm-bva-Iƒ D≠v. BZw kIe a\p-jy-cp-

sSbpw ]Xn-\n-[n- F∂ \ne-bn¬ ssZh-hp-ambn

sNbvX Hcp DS-º-Snsb Ipdn®v H∂pw-Xs∂ ss__n-

fn¬ ImWp-∂n-√. ]m]kz`mhw t\cn´v amXm]nXm

°fn¬\n∂v D¤hn°p∂p(BZman¬ \n∂p XpSßn)

F∂ BibØn\v hncp≤ambn Hmtcm Bflmhn\pw

]m]kz`mhw krjvSn°p∂Xn¬ ssZhØn\v t\cn v

DØchmZnXzaps≠∂p≈ Bibw sÛd¬

ImgvN∏mSns‚ ]£p_vZX ]ISamIp∂p.


_‘Øn¬ hyXymkw D≠m-bn. `mhn-bn¬ ]pcp-j-_-‘-an-√msX Ip™p-ßsf P\n-∏n-°p-hm≥ imkvX-Øn\v Ign-™mepw AØ-c-Øn-ep≈ Xe-ap-dbnepw ]m]kz`mhwD≠m-bn-cn-°pw.14 Henry Thiessen, Lectures in Systamatic Theology,(Grand Rapids: Wm. B, Eerdmans Publishing Co.,1949),260

15 skan˛s]-em-Pn-\nkw At\I satXm-Un-Ãp-Im¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂p.

91

Ahkm\-am-bn, tdma. 5:12 BZmw \ΩpsS ]Xn-\n-[n-

bm-b-Xp-sIm≠v F√m-h-scbpw ]m]n-I-fmbn NnXo-I-

cn-®-Xmbn ]d-bp-∂n-√. CXv ]d-bp-∂-Xv ... “Cßs\

F√m-hcpw ]m]w sNbvI-bm¬ acWw kIe a\p-

jy-cnepw ]c-∂n-cn-°p∂p” ‘F√mhcpw’ F∂Xn¬ Nne

hy‡n]camb ]¶mfnØw ImWp-∂p. Npcp-°-Øn¬

Nne kn≤m-¥-ßƒsIm≠v ]m]w Npa-Ø¬ hnh-cn-

°p-hm≥ km≤y-a-√. F∂m¬ ASpØ kn≤m¥w

CXns\°mƒ ta∑-bp-≈-Xm-Wv.

d. AKÃo\n-b≥, kzm`m-hnI kn≤m¥w As√-¶n¬

skan-\¬ kn≤m-¥w.

a\p-jy-Ip-e-Øns‚ GI-Xzw-aq-ew, BZmw ]m]w

sNbvX B \nan-j-Øn¬ \mw Ghcpw AhnsS D≠m-

bn-cp-∂p. \mw Ahs‚ ]m]-Øn¬ ]¶m-fn-I-fmbn Bb-

Xn-\m¬ \Ωn¬ ]m]-kz- m-h-hpw, Ip‰-hpw, ac-Whpw

BZm-ans‚ ]m]w aptJ\ IS-∂p-h-∂p.

Cu kn≤m-¥-Øns‚ ta∑ F∂Xv Bflm-hns‚ D¤-

h-sØ-Ip-dn-®p≈ krjvSn-hm-ZsØ ]n≥Xm-ßp-∂n√

F∂-Xm-Wv. BZy-a-\p-jys‚ ]m]-Øn¬ GtXm-X-c-

Øn-ep≈ _‘w \ap°v D≠v. \ΩpsS BZy-]n-Xmhv

]m]w sNbvX-t∏mƒ \mw GXv AWpcq]-Øn¬

AhnsS k∂n-ln-X-cm-bn-cp-∂p F∂Xv a\- n-em-Ip-

∂n√. F∂n-cp-∂mepw AK-Ão-\n-b≥ kn≤m¥w hogvN-

bn¬ a\p-jy\v Hcp _‘w Ds≠∂v ]d-bp-∂-XneqsS

tdm¿ 5:12˛s‚ A[n-Im-cn-I-Xsb \ymbo-I-cn-°p-∂p.

skan-\¬ kn≤m¥w F_m-b¿ 7:9,10 ASn-ÿm-\-

am°n \n¿Ωn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. a\p-jys‚ Bflm-hns‚

krjvSn-∏pw, ]m]-∏-I¿®-sbbpw Ipdn-°p∂ SUyp-j≥

kn≤m-¥-tØmSv hfsc cay-X- ]p-e¿Øp∂p Cu

kn≤m-¥w.

e. BZmans‚ ]m]w \Ω-fn¬ NpaØn F∂-Xns‚

kw£n-]vXw.

BZmans‚ ]m]w \Ω-fn-te°v IW°n´p F∂Xv hnh-

cn-°p-hm≥ GXv kn≤m¥w kzoI-cn-®mepw am\-h-cm-

in-bpsS Bfln-I, imco-cnI ac-W-Øn-\pw, [m¿ΩnI

A[:]X-\-Øn\pw Ip‰-Øn\pw ASn-ÿm-\-am-bXv

BZm-amWv F∂v ssZh-h-N\w ]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p. GXv

kn≤m-¥-ßsf Bi-bn®v BZm-ans‚ ]m]w a\p-jy-

h¿§-Øn-te°v NpaØn F∂v I≠p-]n-Sn-°p-∂Xv ia-

I-c-am-Ipw. BZmw \ΩpsS ]Xn-\n[nbmbncp∂psh

¶n¬ \mw Ahs\ Xnc-s™-Sp-Øn- n-√. BZmw ]m]w

sNøp∂ kml-N-cy-Øn¬ \mw GtXm am¿ΩnI Ah-

ÿ-bn¬ k∂n-ln-X-cm-bn-cp∂p F¶n¬ kpt_m[

Ah-ÿ-bn¬ BZm-ans‚ ]m]-Øn-¶¬ \mw ]¶m-fn-

I-f-√m-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp ss__nƒ hnZym¿∞n-bpsS

a\ n¬ a\p-jys‚ P∑-\m-bp≈ ]m]-w \nXy

in£°v Imc-W-a√ F∂v Nn¥n-®m¬ BZm-ans‚

]m]w \ΩpsS ta¬ IW°nSp∂ ssZh-\o-Xn-sb

kw_‘n® GXv ]iv\hpw ]cnlcn°m≥ AXv

klmbIcamIpw.16

III. ]m]Øns‚ hym]vXn

Cu hnj-b-Øn\v Bdmw A≤ymbw “\c-hwi

imkvXw: a\pjys\∏‰nbp≈'' D]tZiw ImWp-I.

IV. Hcp hnizm-kn-bnse c≠v kz`m-h-ßƒ.

A. kz`mhw F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ bmYm¿∞yw.

]pXp-kz- m-hw, ]g-b -kz- mhw F∂v D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-

Xn\v ap≥ºv, kz`mhw F∂m¬ F¥v F∂v \n¿h-Nn-

°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv ]T-\-Øn\v klm-b-I-c-amIpw.

‘kz`mhw’ F∂XpsIm≠v a\p-jys‚ A`u-anI

`mKsØ \mw ImWn-°p∂p F¶n¬ Cu ]Zw tami-

amb \ne-bn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. Hcp a\p-jy≥ am\-

km-¥-c-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ ssZhw Bflm-hn¬ Hcp ]pXnb

`mKw D≠m°n ]g-bXn-t\mSv tN¿°p-Ib√ sNøp

∂Xv. AXp-t]mse \ΩpsS acWka-b-tØm.

tXP vIc-W-Øn-tem, \ΩpsS A`u-anI mK-Øns‚

Hcp mKw (]gb ]m]-kz- mhw) \Ω-n¬ \n∂v th¿s] v

`qan-bn-tem, \c-I-Øntem FØp∂p F∂pa√. ssZhw

Xs‚ krjvSn∏v XnI-®n-cn-°-bm¬ c£n°s∏Sptºmƒ

ho≠pw a\p-jy-B-flm-hn¬ ]pXnb Hcp `mKw

krjvSn®v(]pXnb kz`mhw) ]gb Bflmhnt\mSv

tN¿°p∂ Xmbn ImWm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. Hcp

InkvXym\nbpw `mKnIambn c£n°s∏´Xmbn

ImWp∂n√. AXmbXv ]pXnb kz`mhw(Bflmhns‚

`mKw) c£n°s∏ v kz¿§Øn\v AhIminbmIp∂p.

]gb kz`mhw (Bflmhns‚ `mKw) H∂pa√.

‘kz`mhw’ F∂ ]Zw icn-bmbn ]Tn-®n√ F¶n¬

sX‰mb [mc-W-Iƒ D≠mIpw.

]gb ]m]-kz- mhw F¥mWv A¿∞-am-°p-∂-Xv, CXv

c£n°s∏Sp∂Xn\p apºp≈ PohnXØnse Hcp

kz`mh ]Inbtbm, kz`mh ]h¿Ø\ coXntbm

amXamWv. CXv InkvXp-hn¬ hnizkn°p∂Xn\p

apºp≈ kz`mh coXnbmWv. ‘]pXnbkz`mhw’ F∂Xv

Hcp ]pXnb kz`mhcoXn BWv As√-¶n¬ Hcp

]pXnb kz`mh ]Inbtbm BWv. Hcp hnizmknbpsS

PohnXØn¬ ]h¿Øn°p∂Xpt]mse c£n°s∏´

Hcp hy‡n°v -]m]-Øns‚ Hgn®pIqSmØ A[n-Im-

csØ sNdpØv Pbn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. ]gb kz`mh

coXnsb Dt]£n®v Pohn°pIbpw sNøphm≥

16 Bdmw A≤ym-b-Ønse ASn-°p-dn∏v 5 ImWpI.


92

Ignbpw. a\p-jys‚ Bflm-hnse apJy -L-S-I-amb

kz`mhcoXnsb Ipdn®v sX‰n≤mcW Dfhm°mØ

]e ]Zßfpw D]tbmKn°phm≥ Ignbpw

]g-b-kz- mhw ]pXn-b-kz- mhw

]Inb................................................... ]Inb

]gb ]m]Ahÿ.............................]pXnb Ahÿ

]gb ]h¿Ø\w...................... ]pXnb]h¿Ø\w

]g-b-coXn.......................................................]pXn-b-coXn

]g-b- kz- m-hpw, ]pXn-b- kz- m-hhpw Cu ]T-\-Øn¬

\ne\n¿Øp∂p, ImcWw AXv km[m-cW D]-tbm-K-

am-Wv. F∂n-cp-∂mepw CXv a\p-jy-Bflm-hns‚

kpÿnc LS-I-sØ-°mƒ Hcp kz`mh ]Inbtbm,

cq]o-I-c-Wtam BWv.

B. ]gb kz`mhw

P\n-°p∂ GXv a\p-jy\pw ]m]w sNøp-hm-\p≈ Hcp

hmk\ Ds≠∂v ap≥ t]Pp-I-fn¬ ]d-™n- p-≠v. c£n-

°-s∏-SmØ Bfp-I-fn¬ ]m]-Øns‚ s]mXp XXzw

(]m-]-kz- m-hw) AXn-i-‡ambn kzm[o\n°p-∂p. c£n-

°-s∏-Sm-Ø-hsc tbip-InkvXp hnfn-°p-∂Xv “]m]-

Øn\v Zmk∑m¿” F∂mWv (tbm-l. 8:34˛36). AXp-

t]mse s]usemkpw (tdm-a. 6:14, 16˛18, 20- 22; 7:15,25)17.

tdma¿ 7:5 ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p “\mw PUØn¬ Bbn-cp-∂-

t∏mƒ \ymb]amWØm¬ Dfhmb ]m]cmKßƒ

acWØn\v ^ew Imbv°mØ hÆw \ΩpsS

Ahbhßfn¬ hym]cn®p t]m∂p. tdma. 6:14 hnNm-

cn-°p-∂Xv c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v apºv a\pjy¿ ]m]-

Øns‚ I¿ØrXzØn≥ Iogn-em-bn-cp-∂p.

Cu ]g-b -kz- m-hw, ]gb kz`m-h-coXn Hcp hnizm-kn-

bpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ XpS-cptam? AXn\p AXv Xo¿®-

bmbpw XpScpw F∂m-Wv. ]g-b-kz-`m-h-]InbIƒ

]pXp-Xmbn P\n-°mØ Hcp-hs‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬ Inb-

sN-øp-∂-Xp-t]mse Hcp hnizm-kn-bpsS Pohn-Ønepw

]h¿Øn-°p-hm≥ km≤y-X-bp-≠v. F∂m¬ c£n-°-

s∏- -Xn\v tijw AtX Af-hn¬ ]m]w ]h¿Øn-

°p-I-bn-√. Hcp InkvXy-\n-bpsS kml-N-cy-ßƒ hfsc

hyXy-ÿ-amWv F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬ Ct∏mƒ Xs‚

kz`mhØn\v tbmPn® Hcp ]pXnb kwhn-[m\w D≠v.

c£°v ap≥]v ]m]-Øns‚ kzm[o\w Hgnhm°mambn

cp∂n√. c£°v tijw ]m]-Øns‚ \nb-¥Ww

D≠m-Ip∂p F¶nepw Hgnhm°m≥ ]‰mØX√.

hnizmkn-bpsS A\p-hm-Z-tØmsS amXta Ct∏mƒ

]m]-Øn\v kzm[o\n°p-hm≥ Ign-bq.

hnizm-knbpsS am‰w h∂ B Ah-ÿ-Im-Wn-°p-hm≥

Hcp-Zm-lcWw klm-b-I-am-Ipw. Ata-cn-°-bnse B`y-

¥-c-bp-≤-Øn\v ap≥]v ASn-a-Iƒ Ah-cpsS bP-am-\-

∑msc tkhn-°p-hm≥ \nb-a-]-c-ambn ISs∏´hcmbn

cp∂p. F¥m-bn-cp-∂mepw Hgn-hp-I-gnhv C√mbncp∂p.

Ah-cpsS bP-am-\-∑m-cpsS Iogn¬ Bbn-cp∂p Ah¿.

F∂m¬ kzmX¥yhnfw-_-c-Øn\v tijw ASn-a-I-

fpsS \nb-a-]-c-amb Ah-ÿ-am-dn. ]gb bP-am-\s\

tkhn-°p-hm≥ Ah-s\mcp IS-∏mSpw C√, Abmƒ

Ct∏mƒ \nba]cambn Xs‚ bP-am-\\pw A√. F∂n-

cp-∂mepw ASn-a-Iƒ°v kzmX¥yw ]Jym-]n-®-Xn\v

tijhpw At\I ASn-a-Iƒ Ah-cpsS ]gb bP-am-

\s\ tkhn-°p-hm≥ Xocp-am-\n-®p. \nb-a-]-c-ambn

AhcXv sNtø-≠ Bhiyw C√. F∂m¬ ]mtbm-

Kn-I-ambn Ah¿°v kzmX¥yw e`n® tijhpw Ah-

cpsS ]gb bP-am-\s\ tkhn-°p-hm≥ Xocp-am-\n-®p.

Bfln-I-tem-IØv \nc-h[n kam-\-X-Iƒ ImWmw.

InkvXym-\n-Iƒ ]m]-Øns‚ A[o-\-X-bn-e-√. ]m]-

Øns‚ ]g-b-kz- mhw cWw \S-Øp-hm≥ Ah¿ A\p-

h-Zn-t°-≠. c£n-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-h-cn¬ \n∂pw hyXy-ÿ-

ambn Hcp ]pXnb kz`mh ]Inb ]h¿Øn-°p-∂p.

InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°v Ct∏m-gpw ]gb bP-am-\-s\,

\nba]cambpw ÿm\obambpw bP-am-\-\-√m-Xn-cp-

∂n´pw, tkhn -°p -hm -\p≈ kzmX¥yw D≠v.

hnizmknIƒ°v Ct∏mgpw ]g-b- kz- mh coXn, ]gb

Ahÿ Ch \ne-\n -e v°p∂p, F∂m¬ AXv

sNbvhm\p≈ i‡nbpw A[nImc Øns‚ ÿm\ob

AhImihpw \in∏n°s∏´p. hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v

Ct∏mgpw ]m]w sNøp-hm-\p≈ km≤y-X-Iƒ Ds≠∂v

ImWn-°p∂ hmIy-ß-ƒ tdma. 6:12- 13; Kem. 5:13, 16˛17;

^nen. 3:12- 15; bmt°m. 3:2; 1 tbm-l. 1:8,10. ]m]w -sN-

øp-∂-Xn-s\-Xn-cmb F√m ]pXn-b-\n-ba I¬]\Ifpw

]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv hnizm-kn-Isf i‡o-I-cn®v \S-ØWw

F∂ D]-tZ-ihpw hnizmkn Ct∏mgpw ]m]w sNøp∂p

F∂v ImWn-°p-∂p.

C. ]pXnb kz`mhw

Bfp-Iƒ InkvXp-hn¬ Bi-bn-°p-tºmƒ Ah¿

ho≠pw P\n-°p∂p As√-¶n¬ ]pXp-Xmbn P\n-

°p∂p. (tbm-l. 3:3˛7; XotØm. 3:5; bmt°m_v 1:18;

1 ]tXm. 1:3, 23; tdma 6:4). Ah¿ ssZh-Øns‚ a°-

fm-Ip-∂p (tbm-l. 1:12; 1 tbm-l. 5:14). ZsØ-Sp∏v kmZr-

iy-ambn (tdma¿. 8:15˛16 epw Kem. 4:5˛7). ]pXp-P-\\w

F∂m¬ tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ Db¿∏n≥ Poh\n¬

]¶m-fn-I-fm-Ip-∂-Xn-eqsS ssZh-Øns‚ Poh-≥ Hcp


17 tdma¿. 7:25 hyXykvXamb th¿Xn-cn-hn\v km[n°pwF¶nepw Xs‚ am\-km-¥-c-Øn\v ap≥]v ]m]-Øn\v]utemkv ASn-a-s∏- n-cp∂ Ahÿ ImWn-°p-∂p.

93

18 Hcp hnizm-kn-bpsS kz`mhw (C-S-s]-S¬) tZmj-ap≈Xmbm¬ ssZhw _me-in£ \evIpw. F∂n-cp-∂mepw]cn-an-Xn-Iƒ°p-≈n¬ Hcp hnizm-kn°v \∑bpw Xn∑bpwXnc-s™-Sp-°p-hm≥ ssZhw Ah-kcw sImSp-°p-∂p.

hnizmknbn¬ e`n°phm\nSbm-Ip∂ Ah-ÿ-bmWv

(Im-WpI. tdma. 6:1). ]pXnbXmbn am\-km-¥-c-s∏´

Hcp hy‡n tbip-In-kvXp-hn-t\m-Sp-IqsS ]pXp-Po-h≥

]¶p-sh-°p∂p. IqSmsX ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhm¬ kv\m\-

ta-ev°p-I-bpw, Ah\n¬ ]cnip≤mfl A[n-hmkw

D≠m-hp-Ibpw sNøp∂p; CXn-eqsS B hy‡n-bn¬

Hcp ]pXnb kz`mhcoXn D≠mIpIbpw ]g-b-Xn¬

\n∂pw hfsc hyXy-kvX-amb am¿§Øn¬ PohnXw

\bn°pIbpw sNøp∂p. Cu hy‡n°v ]cn-]q¿Æ-

ambn ssZh-Øn¬ Bi-bn-°p-hm\pw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-

hn¬ Bi-bn®v Pohn-°m\pw InkvXp-hn-t\mSp tN¿∂v

PohnXw \bn-°p-hm\pw Ign-bp-∂p. (tdm-a. 6:11- 13: Kem.

5:22- 25).

CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ ]pXnb kz`mh ]InbbmWv ]pXp-

a-\p-jy≥ F∂v Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv (Im-Wp-I. tdma¿

6:4˛6; Ft^. 4:24: sImtem 3:10). Hcp ‘InkvXym\n°v

c≠v kz`m-hßƒ D≠m-Ip-∂p. H∂n-In¬ Xs‚ C—-

]-Imcw X\n-°p-≠m-bn-cp∂ ]g-b-kz- mhw ]mh¿Øn-

I-am-°p-hm-\pw, As√-¶-n¬ Poh\p≈ InkvXphn-

s‚bpw Ah\n¬ Pohn°p∂ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚bpw

i‡n°v Iogvs∏´v ]pXp-h-gn-bn-eqsS \S°phm\pw

Ignbpw. Ct∏mƒ Ah≥ ]m]w sNøp-hm\pw sNøm-

Xn-cn-°p-hm\pw Ign-hp≈h\mWv (tbm-l. 8:36; tdma.

6:14; 1 sImcn. 10:13) henb ]cn-an-Xn-I-fnepw Hcp

hnizmkn°v Xs‚ tZl-hpw, Bflmhpw GsX√mw

kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ \nb-¥n-°Ww F∂v Xocp-am-\n-

°mw.18 Hcp InkvXym\n bP-am-\-\-n√mØh≥ F∂

\nebn¬ kzX¥\√. Ah≥ Ct∏mƒ ]pXnb bP-

am-\s\ A\p-k-cn-°p-∂-Xn\p≈ sXcs™Sp∏v

\SØm≥ X°hÆw kzX¥\mWv. Hcn°epw ]gb

bPam\\v ASnabpa√.


94


95

A≤ymbw 8

IntÃmfPntbipInkvXphns\∏‰nbp≈ D]tZiw

cq]-tcJ

I. InkvXp-hns‚ ]q¿∆m-kvXnIyhpw \nXy-Xbpw

A. InkvXp-hns‚ ]q¿∆m-kvXnIysØ kw_-

‘n-®p≈ ]Xy£ ]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ

B. InkvXp-hns‚ ]q¿∆m-kvXn-Iy-Øn\v

]tcm-£ sXfnhpIƒ

II. a\p-jym-h-Xm-chpw I\y-Im- P-\-\hpw

A. a\p-jym-h-Xmcw

B. I\y-Im-P-\\w

1. I\yIm P\-\-Øn\v sXfn-hp-Iƒ

2. I\yIm P\-\-Øns‚ ]m[m\yw

III.InkvXp-hns‚ ssZhXzw

A. InkvXp-hns\ ""ssZhw'' F∂v A`n-kw-t_m-

[\ sNbvXn-cn-°p∂ thZ- m-K-ßƒ

B. ]gb \nb-a-Ønse ssZhw ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-

Ønse InkvXp-hn\v Xpey≥

1. sbi-ømhv 40: 3/ eqt°mkv 1:76

2. k¶o¿Ø\w 102: 24- 28/ F_m. 1: 8, 10˛12

3. skJ-cymhv 12:10/ shfn. 1:7

4. k¶o¿Ø\w 68:17˛18/ Fs^. 4:7˛8

5. sb»-ømhv 8:13˛14/ 1 ]sXm. 2:7˛8

6. sb»-ømhv 6:1, 3/ tbml-∂m≥ 12:41˛42

7. tbmth¬ 3:1˛2/ aØmbn 25:31˛32

8. sb»-ømhv 44:6/ shfn-∏mSv 22:13

C. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse btlm-hbpsS ZqX≥

ssZhhpw InkvXphpw Bbn-cp-∂p.

D. InkvXp i∫-Øn\v I¿Ømhv F∂

\ne-bn¬

E. InkvXp ssZh-Øns‚ ]hr-Øn-Isf

sNøp∂p

1. InkvXp kI-e-Øn-s‚bpw krjvSmhv

2. InkvXp kI-e-Øns‚bpw ]cn-]m-e-I≥

3. InkvXp Poh-\m-b-I≥

4. InkvXp k¿∆- q-an-bv°pw \ymbm-[n-]Xn

5. InkvXp ]m]sØ £an-°p-∂p

F. ssZhØns‚ KpWhntijßƒ InkvXp-

hn¬ hkn-°p∂p

1. InkvXp \nXy\pw kzbmkvXnIyw

D≈h\pw

2. InkvXp A\-\y≥

3. InkvXp k¿∆-hym]n

4. InkvXp k¿∆-⁄m\n

5. InkvXp k¿∆-i-‡≥

G. ssZhsØ amXta Bcm[n°mhq F∂v ]Tn-

∏n® InkvXp Bcm-[\ kzoI-cn®p

H. XnXz -]-amWw InkvXp-hns‚ ssZh-XzsØ

]n¥m-ßp∂p

IV. InkvXp-hns‚ a\p-jyXzw

A. InkvXp-hns‚ a\p-jy-XzsØ kw_-‘n®

]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ

B. InkvXp-hns‚ a\p-jy-Xz-Øn\p sXfn-hpIƒ

1. ssii-h-Xz-Øn¬ \n∂pw ]uc-jXz

Øn-te-°p≈ hf¿®

2. am\p-jnI hni-∏-\p- -hn-°pIbpw

`£Ww Ign-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp

3. £oWn-X≥

4. Ic™p

5. km[m-cW a\p-jy-s\-t∏mse ]Xy-£-

s∏-´p

6. icocw D≠m-bn-cp∂p

7. IjvSm-\p- -h-ßƒ, c‡-s®m-cn-®n¬

acWw InkvXp-hns‚ a\p-jy-XzsØ Dd-

∏n-°p∂p.

C. kzbw ]cn-XymKw (sI-t\m-knkv) F∂-

Xns‚ A¿∞w

D. InkvXp-hns‚ a\p-jy-Xz-Øns‚ A\¥X

1. InkvXp-hns‚ Dbn¿sØgp-t∂-ev]m-\¥c

]Xy-£-X-Iƒ

2. InkvXp-hns‚ kz¿§m-tcml-Whpw A\-

¥c Z¿i-\-ßfpw

3. InkvXp- alm-]p-tcm-ln-X\m-bn-cn-°p-∂

Xn-\m¬Ct∏mgpw a\p-jy≥ Xs∂.

4. ZmhoZns‚ k¥Xnbmbn a\pjy

]pX\mbn ho≠pw hcpw

5. DXv]m-]-W-Øn¬ hnizm-kn-Iƒ InkvXp-

hn-t\mSv kZr-iy-∑m-cm-bn-cn°pw F∂

96

hkvXpX Ahn-Sp∂v a\p-jy-\m-sW∂v

hy‡-am-°p∂p

V. InkvXp-hns‚ ]co-£-Iƒ

VI.][m\ t]cpIƒ

A. I¿Ømhv

B. tbip

C. InkvXp

D. ssZh-]p-X≥

E. a\p-jy-]p-X≥

F. hN\w AYhm ssZh-h-N\w

G. c£-I≥

H. ssZh-Øns‚ Ip™mSv

I. bP-am-\≥

VII. Inkv-Xp-hns‚ ][m\ ]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw

ÿm\-ßfpw

A. InkvXp ]hm-N-I≥ F∂ \nebn¬

B. InkvXp ]ptcm-lnX≥ F∂ \nebn¬

C. InkvXp cmPm-hv F∂ \nebn¬

D. a‰p ÿm\-ßƒ, ]h¿Ø-\ßƒ, \ma-

ßƒ

E. InkvXp \nb-a-kw-c-£-I≥ F∂ \ne

bn¬

F. InkvXphns‚ ac-W-Ønse ]hr-Øn-Iƒ

G. Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂ev∏v

1. Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂‰ tbiphns\ kw_-

‘n®p Xncp-h-N\ kXy-ßƒ

2. Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev∏ns\ kw_-‘n®p

≈ kp]-[m\ hkvXp-X-Iƒ

a. InkvXp-hns‚ ssZhXzw shfn-

s∏´p

b. ssZhw kwXr-]vX-\m-sb∂v sXfn-

bn°-s∏´p

c. hnizm-kn-I-fpsS ico-chpw Dbn¿

sØ-gp-t∂-ev°p-sa∂v hy‡-am-°-

s∏-´p

d. InkvXp Pohn-°p∂p

e. InkvXp hnizmknIƒ°v

BXy¥nI acWw C√

f. InkvXp ho≠pw hcpw.

3. InkvXp-hns‚ Dbn¿sØgp-t∂‰ ico-c-

Øns‚ ]tXy-I-X-Iƒ

H. InkvXp-hns‚ kz¿§m-tcmlWw,

alXzoIcWw, h¿Ø-am-\-Ime

]-h¿Ø-\-ßƒ

1. InkvXp, k -bpsS Xe

2. alm-]p-tcm-ln-X≥,

a≤y-ÿ≥

3. Imcy-ÿ≥

4. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn¬ IqSn Ir]m- h-c-ßƒ

\evIp∂ ZmXmhv

I. c≠mw hc-hn-ep≈ InkvXp-hns‚

]h¿Ø\-ßƒ

IntÃmfPn:

tbip-In-kvXp-hns\

∏‰nbp≈ D]-tZiw

I. Inkv-Xp-hns‚ ]q¿∆m-kvXn-Iyhpw \nXymhÿbpw

A. InkvXp-hns‚ ]q¿∆m-kvXn-IysØ kw_-‘n®

]Xy£ ]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ

t_Xve-tl-an¬ Hcp inip-hm-bn´v XpS-ßn-b-X√

InkvXp-hns‚ BkvXnIyw F∂v ss__nƒ hy‡-

am-°p-∂p. ]pcm-X\ \nXy-X-bn¬ I¿Øm-hmb tbip-

InkvXphn\v ]q¿∆mkvXn-Iy-ap≈h\mbncp∂p. Xm≥

]q¿∆m-kvXn-Iyap≈h\mbncp∂p F∂pw kz¿§-

Ønse ssZh-Øns‚ ASp-°¬ \n∂p-amWv Xm≥

h∂-sX∂pw InkvXp ]e ]mhiyw hy‡-am°nbn

´p≠v (tbm-l-∂m≥ 3:13; 6:38, 41, 42, 50, 51, 58; 7:29;

8:23, 42). shfn-∏mSv ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ InkvXp ""BZy\pw

A¥y\pw'' Bcw`hpw Ahkm\hpw BsW∂v

Bh¿Øn-®n-cn-°p∂p (sh-fn-∏mSv 1:8,17; 2:8; 21:6; 22:13).

\ap-s°mcp inip P\n-®n-cn-°p∂p; \ap°p Hcp

aI≥ \evI-s∏-´n -cn -°p∂p; B[n-]Xyw

Ahs‚ tXmfn¬ Ccn-°pw; Ah\p A¤p-X-

a¥n, hoc\mw ssZhw, \nXy-]n-Xm-hv, kam-[m\

]`p F∂p t]¿ hnfn-°-s∏Spw (sb-i-ømhv 9:6).

""\otbm t_Øvetlw F^m-sØ, \o

sblqZm kl-k-ß-fn¬ sNdp-Xm-bn-cp-∂mepw

bnkm-tb-en∂p A[n-]-Xn-bm-bn-cn-t°≠p-∂-h≥

F\n°p \n∂n¬ \n∂p D¤hn®p hcpw;

Ahs‚ D¤hw ]t≠-bp≈Xpw ]pcm-X-\-am-

bXpw Xs∂'' (ao-Jm. 5:2).

BZn-bn¬ hN\w D≠m-bn-cp∂p; hN\w ssZh-

tØmSp IqsS-bm-bn-cp∂p; hN\w ssZhw Bbn-

cp-∂p. Ah≥ BZn-bn¬ ssZh-tØm-Sp-IqsS

Bbn-cp-∂p. kIehpw Ah≥ apJm-¥ncw Df-

hmbn; Df-hm-bXp H∂pw Ah-s\-°q-SmsX Df-

hm-b-X√ (tbm-l. 1:1˛3).


97

tbip Ah-tcmSv: ""Bta≥, Bta≥ Rm≥ \nß-

tfmSp ]d-bp∂p: A_lmw P\n-®-Xn\p apsº

Rm≥ D≠v'' F∂p ]d™p (tbm-l. 8:58).

kz¿§-Øn-ep-≈Xpw `qan-bnep-≈Xpw Zriy-am-

bXpw AZr-iy-am-bXpw knwlm-k-\-ßƒ

BIs´ I¿Ør-Xz-ßƒ BIs´ hmgvN-Iƒ

BIs´ A[n-Im-c-ßƒ BIs´ kI-ehpw

Ah≥ apJm-¥ncw krjvSn-°-s∏´p; Ah≥

apJm-¥n-chpw Ah-∂m-bn´pw kIehpw krjvSn-

°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. Ah≥ k¿∆-Øn\pw apsº-

bp-≈-h≥; Ah≥ kI-e-Øn\pw A[m-c-am-bn-

cn-°p∂p (sIm-sem. 1:16, 17).

Ah≥ ssZh-cq-]-Øn¬ Ccns° (^n-en. 2:6).

]pX-t\mtSm: ""ssZh-sa, \ns‚ knwlm-k\w

F∂pw Ft∂-°pap-≈Xv; \ns‚ cmP-Xz-Øns‚

sNt¶m¬ t\cp≈ sNt¶m¬'' ""I¿Øm-sh,

\o ]q¿∆-Im-eØp `qan-°p ASn-ÿm\w C´p,

BImiw \ns‚ ssII-fpsS ]hrØn

BIp∂p' (F-_m. 1:8, 10).

B. InkvXp-hns‚ ]q¿∆m-kvXn-IysØ kw_‘n®

]tcm£ sXfnhpIƒ

]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp∂ btlm-h-bpsS

ZqX≥ ssZhw Xs∂-bm-sW∂v hy‡-am-°p-∂p-≠v.1

F¶nepw tbml-∂m≥ 1:18 ]d-bp-∂p, ssZhsØ Bcpw

Hcp-\mfw I≠n- n-√; ]nXm-hns‚ aSn-bn¬ Ccn-°p∂

GI-Pm-X-\mb ]pX≥ Ahs\ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-

°p∂p.2 AXp-sIm≠v ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ ImWp∂

btlm-h-bpsS ZqXs‚ ]Xy£XIƒ InkvXp-hns‚

]q¿∆m-kvXn-Iy- ]Xy-£-X-I-fm-sW∂v hy‡-am-°p∂p

(t\m-°p-I. A≤ymbw 2. ""ASn-ÿm\ ssZh-imkvXw:

ssZhsØ kw_-‘n® D]tZ-iw'').

II. a\p-jym-h-X-cmhpw I\y-Im-P-\-\hpw

A\m-Zn-bmb ssZh-]p-X≥ I\yIm- P-\-\-Øn-eqsS

PU-i-cocw kzoI-cn-®p. amXa√ a\pjymhXmcw

ÿmbnbmb H∂mIbm¬ InkvXphn\v Ct∏mgpw a\p-

jyXzw D≠v. \nXy-X-tbmfw a\p-jy--]-Ir-Xnbpw

tXP v°cn-°-s∏´ ico-chpw Ah\v D≠mbncn°pw.

(sk-J. 12:10: At∏m. ]h. 1:11).

A. a\p-jym-h-Xmcw

InkvXp a\p-jy-\mbn Xo¿∂p F∂p hy‡-am-°p∂

hmIy-ßƒ \nc-h[n D≈-Xp-sIm≠v F√mw ChnsS

tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂n√; NneXv ]cma¿in°p∂p(Dev]. 3:

15; sbi. 9:6˛7; aØm. 1:23; eqt°m. 2:11; tbml. 1:14;

tdma. 8:3; Kem. 4:4; ^nen. 2:6; sImsem. 1:22; 2:9;

1 Xnsam. 3:16; F_m. 2:14; 10:5).

hN\w PU-ambn Xo¿∂p, Ir]bpw kXyhpw

\nd-™-h-\mbn \ΩpsS CS-bn¬ ]m¿Øp

(tbml. 1:14).

F∂m¬ Ime kºq¿ÆX h-∂-t∏mƒ ssZhw

Xs‚ ]pXs\ kvXobn¬\n∂p P\n-®-h-

\mbn \ymb-]-am-W-Øn≥Io-gv P\n--®-h-\mbn

\ntbm-Kn-®-b-®Xp Ah≥ \ymb-]-am-W-Øn≥

Iogp-≈-hsc hnse°p hmßn´p \mw ]pXXzw

]m]n-t°-≠-Xn\p Xs∂ (K-em. 4:4).

a°ƒ PU-c-‡-ß-tfmSp IqSn-bh¿ BI-

sIm≠p Ah\pw Ah-sc-t∏mse PU-c-‡-ß-

tfmSp IqSn-b-h-\mbn ac-W-Øns‚ A[n-Im-cn-

bmb ]nim-Nns\ Xs‚ ac-W-Øm¬ \o°n

Poh-]-cy¥w ac-W- o-Xn-bm¬ ASn-a-I-fmbncp∂-

hsc Hs°bpw hnSp-hn®p (F-_m. 2:14).

B. I\yIm P\\w

1. I\yIm P\-\-Øns‚ sXfnhv

I\y-Im-P-\-\sØ kw_-‘n®v kphy-‡-ambn ]h-

Nn-°p∂ Xncp-h-N\ `mK-amWv sbi-ømhv 7:14.

A¬amlv (almah) F∂ F_m-b-]-Z-Øn\v ""I\yI''

F∂pƒs∏sS \nc-h[n A¿∞-ß-fp-≠v. "I\yIm

F∂ A¿∞w s]mXphmbn AwKoIcn°s∏

´ncn°p∂ s_Ype F∂ ]Z-amWv dns_°sb hnfn-

°m≥ Dev]. 24:16˛¬ sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂Xv. F∂m¬

43- mw hmIy-Øn¬ A¬amlv F∂ ]Zhpw ImWp∂p.

AXp-sIm≠v A¬amlv F∂ ]Z-Øn\v "I\yI' F∂v

A¿∞-am-°p∂p.3 F_mb ]Z-amb "A¬amlv' \v

sk]v‰yq-P‚ v ]cn- m-j-°m¿ sbi. 7:14˛¬ "]m¿Ø-

t\mkv' F∂mWv Ko°n¬ ]cn- m-j-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-

∂-Xv. A¿∞w ""I\yI'' F∂p-X-s∂. sbi-øm-hn-ep≈

B kµ¿`w Akm-[m-c-W-amb H∂m-sW∂v Ah¿°v

t_m≤y-s∏- n-cp-∂p. ]mXmfw t]mse XmgvNbp≈Xpw

kz¿§wt]mse Dbcap≈tXm Bb H∂nt\mSv1 Dev]. 16:13, 22:11˛12; ]pd. 3:2,6; \ymbm-[n. 2:1,6:11- 16, 13:21˛22.F∂nh t\m°p-I.2 1 Xn-tam.1:17, 6:16; tbml.6:46; 1 tbm-l. 4:12, Bcpw ]nXm-hmb ssZhsØ I≠n- n√ F∂ t]mbn‚ v. Xmc-X-ay-]-T-\-Øn\p tbml. 8:58, ]pd. 3:14 ImWp-I. ChnsS InkvXp-hns‚ a\p-jym-h-Xm-c-Øn-\p- ap-ºp-≠m-bn-cp∂ AkvXnXzwImWmw.

3 B¬am (Almah) F∂ DKm¿´nIv ]Z-amWv ‘I\yI’ F∂hm°n-\mbn D]tbm-K-n°m-hp-∂-Xv. ImWp-I Cyrus H.Gordon, Ugartic Hand book, (Rome pontifical Bible In-stitute, 1965)183.

IntÃmfPn: tbip-In-kvXp-hns\∏‰nbp≈ D]-tZiw

98

XmcXayw sNtø≠Xv F∂mW¿∞w. buh-\-°m-

cn-bmb Hcp kvXo K¿`w [cn°p∂Xpw P\\w sImSp-

°p-∂Xpw Akm-[m-c-Wa-√: F∂m¬ sbi-ømhv ]h-

Nn-°p-∂Xv Hcp I\y-I-P\s\sØ-°p-dn-®m-Wv.

]pXnb \nb-a-Ønse ]m¿Ø-t\mkv (I-\y-I) F∂

]Zw aq∂p ]mhiyw adnbsb Dt±in®v Bh¿Øn-®n-

´p≠v. aØm. 1:23; eqt°m. 1:27 (2 ]mh-iyw) ]m¿Ø-

t\mkv F∂ ]Zw sIm≠v A¿∞-am-°p-∂-sX-¥m-

sW∂v kwi-b-te-iy-sat\y ÿnco-I-cn-°p∂ a‰p-Nne

hmN-I-ßƒIqSn i≤n-°pI. ..

Ah¿ IqSn-h-cp-ap-sº... (a-Øm. 1:18).

Ah≥ Ahsf ]cn-K-ln-®n√ (a-Øm. 1:25).

""Rm≥ ]pcp-js\ Adn-bm-bvI-bm¬ CXp Fß

s\ kw -hn°pw F∂p ]d™p'' (eq-t°m. 1:34).

I\yImP\\\ntj[w hymJym\ A_≤w F∂ \ne-

bn¬ ]cn -K -Wn -°m-hp∂ H∂-√. hy‡-ambpw

Bh¿Øn®pw hcp∂ D]-tZ-isØ \ntj-[n-°¬

Xs∂-bm-W-Xv.

2. I\yIm P\-\-Øns‚ ]m[m\yw

Nne \njvI-f-¶¿ I\yIm P\-\sØ Hcp c≠mw-Xc

D]-tZ-iI hnj-b-ambn Nn¥n-°m-dp-≠v. F∂m¬

InkvXp imkvX-Ønse kp]-[m\ D]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬

\n∂pw Hcn-°epw th¿s∏-Sp-Øm-\m-hmØ D]-tZ-i-

amWv I\yIm P\\w F∂-Xm-Wv hmkvX-hw. I\yIm

P\-\w \ntj-[n-®m¬ InkvXp-hns‚ ssZh-Xzhpw

\ntj-[n-°-s∏-Spw, ImcWw InkvXp-hns‚ P\-\-Øn\v

thsdmcp \nkvXp-ey-X-bp-an-√. ""AXyp-∂-Xs‚ i‡n

\ng-en´v'' kw -hn® I\yIm P\\w \S-∂n-s√-¶n¬,

InkvXp-hns‚ ]m]-cm-ln-Xyhpw Akm-≤y-am-sW∂p

hcpw. InkvXp-hns‚ ]m]-]-cn-lmc _ensb Cu D]-

tZ-i-ßƒ Imcy-ambn kzm[o-\n-°p-∂p. Ahn-Sp∂v

ssZh-a-s√-¶n¬ k¿∆-am-\-h-cm-in°pw th≠n acn-°p-

hm-t\m, Npcp-ßnb aWn-°q-dp-Iƒ°p≈n¬ \nXy-amb

in£ A\p- -hn-°p-hmt\m km≤y-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.

InkvXp ]m]-c-ln-X-\-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ c£-I-\m-

Im-\p-ff tbmKyX D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. InkvXob hnizm-

k-Øns‚ Hc-Sn-ÿm-\w-Xs∂bmWv InkvXp-hns‚

I\yIm P\-\w F∂v hfsc hy‡-am-bn-cn-°p∂p.

III. InkvXphns‚ ssZhXzw

Hcp Iƒńs‚ kp][m\ ASbmfamWv InkvXphns‚

ssZhXz \ntj[w. InkvXphns‚ ssZhXzsØ

hy‡am°p∂ \nch[n hmIyßfmWv XncphN\

ØnepffXv.

A. Inkv-Xp-hns\ ""ssZhw'' F∂v A`nkwt_m[\

sNbvXncn°p∂ thZ`mKßƒ

InkvXphns‚ ssZhXzsØ kqNn∏n°p∂Xpw

ssZhsa∂v kwt_m[\ sNbvXncn°p∂Xpamb

A\h[n hmIyßfmWp≈Xv. (t\m°pI. sbi. 7:

14; k¶o. 110:1; bnsc. 23:5˛6; aØm. 1:23; tbml. 5:18;

8:58; 10:30; 14:9; ]hrØn 16:31˛34; tdma. 9:5; 2 sImcn.

4:4; ^nen. 2:5˛8; sImsem. 1:15; F_m. 3:4;

kµ¿`Øn¬ \n∂v a\ nemIp∂p; 2 ]sXm. 1:1; 2:20).

\ap°v Hcp inip P\n®ncn°p∂p. \ap°v Hcp

aI≥ \evIs∏ńcn°p∂p. B[n]Xyw Ahs‚

tXmfn¬ Ccn°pw; Ah∂p A¤pX a¥n,

hoc\mw ssZhw \nXy]nXmhv, kam[m\ ]`p

F∂p t]¿ hnfn°s∏Spw (sb»ømhv 9:6).

BZnbn¬ hN\w D≠mbncp∂p; hN\w

ssZhtØmSpIqsS Bbncp∂p; hN\w ssZhw

Bbncp∂p (tbml. 1:1).

ssZhsØ Bcpw Hcp \mfpw I≠nń√;

]nXmhns‚ aSnbn¬ Ccn°p∂ GIPmX\mb

]pX≥ Ahs\ shfns∏SpØnbncn°p∂p

(tbml. 1:18).

""tXmakv Aht\mSv: Fs‚ I¿Ømhpw Fs‚

ssZhhpw Bbpt≈msh F∂v DØcw

]d™p'' (tbml. 20:28).

\nßsfØs∂bpw Xm≥ kz¥ c‡Øm¬

kºmZn®ncn°p∂ ssZhØns‚ k`sb

tabv°phm≥ ]cnip≤mflmhp \nßsf

A≤y£cm°n h® Bń≥Iq´w apgphs\bpw

kq£n®psImƒhn≥ (At∏m. ]h. 20:28).

""Ah\net√m ssZhØns‚ k¿∆ kºq¿Æ

Xbpw tZlcq]ambn hkn°p∂Xv''

(sImsem. 2:9).

\mw `mKyIcamb ]Xymibv°mbn´pw alm

ssZhhpw \ΩpsS c£nXmhpamb tbip

InkvXphns‚ tXP ns‚ ]Xy£Xbv

°mbn´pw'' (XosØmkv 2:13).

""Ah≥ Ahs‚ tXP ns‚ ]`bpw

XXzØns‚ apZbpw...'' (F_mb¿ 1:3).

]pXt\mtSm: ""ssZhta, \ns‚ knwlmk\w

F∂pw Ft∂°pap≈Xp; \ns‚ cmPXzØns‚

sNt¶m¬ t\cp≈ sNt¶m¬'' (F_m. 1:8).

ssZh]pX≥ h∂p F∂pw kXyssZhsØ

Adnhm≥ \ap°p hnthIw X∂p F∂pw \mw


99

Adnbp∂p; \mw kXyssZhØn¬ Ahs‚

]pX\mb tbipInkvXphn¬ Xs∂ BIp

∂p. Ah≥ kXyssZhhpw \nXyPoh\pw

BIp∂p (1 tbml. 5:20).

B. ]gb\nbaØnse ssZhw ]pXnb \nbaØnse

InkvXphn\v Xpey≥

]gb\nbaØnse ssZhtØmSv ka\mbn InkvXp

hns\ hy‡am°nbncn°p∂ \nch[n kµ¿`ßƒ

thZ]pkvXIØn¬ ImWp∂p. 4

1. sb»ømhv 40:3/eqt°mkv 1:76

...HcpØ≥ hnfn®p]dbp∂Xp; acp`qanbn¬

btlmhbv°p hgn Hcp°phn≥; \n¿÷\

]tZiØp \ΩpsS ssZhØn\p Hcp s]cphgn

\nc∏m°phn≥

""\otbm ss]Xte, AXyp∂Xs‚ ]hmNI≥

F∂p hnfn°s∏Spw. I¿Ømhns‚ hgn

Hcp°phm\pw... \o Ah\p apºmbn \S°pw''

tbipInkvXphns‚ hchn\mbn lrZbßsf

Hcp°ptºmƒ ssZhØns‚ hchns\ Bbncp∂p

tbml∂m≥ hnfn®dnbn®Xv

2. k¶o¿Ø\w 102:24˛28/ F_m. 1:8; 10˛12.

Fs‚ ssZhta, Bbp ns‚ a≤yØn¬

Fs∂ FSpØpIfbcpsX F∂p Rm≥

]d™p; \ns‚ kwh’cßƒ Xeapd

Xeapdbmbn Ccn°p∂p. ]q¿∆ImeØp \o

`qan°v ASnÿm\an´p; BImiw \ns‚ ssI

IfpsS ]hrØn BIp∂p. Ah \in°pw \o

tbm \ne\nev°pw; Ahsb√mw hkvXwt]mse

]gInt∏mIpw; DSp∏pt]mse \o Ahsb am‰pw;

Ah amdnt∏mIbpw sNøpw. \otbm A\\y\m

Ip∂p; \ns‚ kwh’cßƒ Ahkm\n°pI

bpan√. \ns‚ Zmk∑mcpsS a°ƒ \n¿`bw

hkn°pw; AhcpsS k¥Xn \ns‚ k∂n[n

bn¬ \ne\nev°pw.''

]pXt\mtSm, ssZhsa....\o ]q¿∆ImeØp

`qan°v ASnÿm\w C´p. BImihpw \ns‚

ssIIfpsS ]hrØn BIp∂p. Ah \in°pw;

\otbm \ne\nev°pw; Ah F√mw hkvXw t]m

se ]gInt∏mIpw; DSp∏pt]mse \o Ahsb

Npcp´pw; hkvXwt]mse Ah amdnt∏mIpw;

\otbm A\\y≥; \ns‚ kwh’cßƒ

Ahkm\n°pIbpan√.

3. skJ. 12:10/shfn. 1:7

""Rm≥ ZmhoZv KrlØn≥taepw sbcqitew

\nhmknIfpsS taepw Ir]bpsSbpw bmN\

IfpsSbpw Bflmhns\ ]Icpw; Xßƒ Ip

Ønbn´p≈h\nte°p Ah¿ t\m°pw; GI

PmXs\°pdn®p hne]n°p∂Xpt]mse Ah¿

Ahs\°pdn®p hne]n°pw; BZy PmXs\

°pdn®p hyk\n°p∂Xpt]mse Ah¿

Ahs\°pdn®p hyk\n°pw;

CXm, Ah≥ taLmcqV\mbn hcp∂p; GXp

IÆpw, Ahs\ IpØnØpf®hcpw Ahs\

ImWpw; `qanbnse tKmXßƒ Hs°bpw

Ahs\s®m√n hne]n°pw D∆v, Bta≥.

4. k¶o¿Ø\w 68:17˛18/ Fs^ky¿ 4:7˛8

ssZhØns‚ cYßƒ Bbncambnchpw

tImSntImSnbpamIp∂p; I¿Ømhp AhcpsS

CSbn¬, ko\mbn¬, hnip≤aµncØn¬

Xs∂. \o DbcØnte°v Ibdn, _≤∑msc

]nSn®p sIm≠pt]mbn. bmlv F∂ ssZhw

AhnsS hknt°≠Xn\p \o a\pjytcmSp,

a’cnItfmSp Xs∂, ImgvN hmßnbncn°p∂p.

F∂m¬ \Ωn¬ HmtcmcpØ\v InkvXphns‚

Zm\Øns‚ Afhn\v HØhÆw Ir]

e`n®ncn°p∂p. AXpsIm≠v: ""Ah≥

_≤∑msc ]nSn®psIm≠pt]mbn DbcØn¬

Ibdn a\pjy¿°v Zm\ßsf sImSpØpw''

F∂p ]dbp∂p.

5. sbiømhv 8:13˛14/1 ]sXmkv 2:7˛8)

ssk\yßfpsS btlmhsb ip≤oIcn∏n≥;

Ah≥ Xs∂ \nßfpsS `bhpw \nßfpsS

`oXnbpw Bbncn°s´. F∂m¬ Ah≥ Hcp

hnip≤ aµncambncn°pw; F¶nepw bnkm

tb¬ KrlØn\p c≠n\pw Ah≥ Hcp

CS¿®°√pw XSß¬ ]mdbpw sbcpitew

\nhmknIƒ°p Hcp IpSp°pw IWnbpw

Bbncn°pw.

sbiøm ]hN\Øn¬ ImWp∂ I√v,

ssk\yßfpsS btlmhbmsW∂v kµ¿` Øn¬

\n∂pw hy‡amWt√m.

hnizkn°p∂ \nßƒ°p B am\yXbp≠v;

hnizkn°mØh¿t°m ""hoSp ]Wnbp∂h¿

4 ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse btlm-hbpw (LORD) ]pXnb \nb-a-Ønse InkvXphpw “\oXn-am≥” F∂p hnfn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. CXn-\p≈ kam-¥c hmIy-ßƒ bnsc. 23:1˛6; 33:15˛16;1 sIm-cn. 1:30 F∂o hmIy-ß-fn¬ ImWp-I.


100

X≈n°f™ I√p Xs∂, aqe°√pw CS¿®

I√pw XS¶¬ ]mdbpambnØo¿∂p.''

]sXmkv 1˛ mw teJ\Øn¬ I√v, tbip InkvXp

BWv.

6. sb»ømhv 6:1, 3/tbml∂m≥ 12:41˛42

D nbm cmPmhp acn® B≠n¬ I¿Ømhp

Db¿∂pw s]mßnbpap≈ knwlmk\Øn¬

Ccn°p∂Xp Rm≥ I≠p; Ahs‚ hkvX

Øns‚ hnfpºpIƒ aµncsØ \nd®ncp∂p.

HcpØt\mSp HcpØ≥, ssk\yßfpsS

btlmh ]cnip≤≥, ]cnip≤≥, ]cnip≤≥;

k¿∆`qanbpw Ahs‚ alXzwsIm≠p

\nd™ncn°p∂p F∂p B¿Øp ]d™p.

""sb»ømhv Ahs‚ tXP p I≠p

Ahs\°pdn®p kwkmcn®XpsIm≠mIp∂p

CXp ]d™Xp.(sbiømhv I¿Ømhmb

tbiphns\ I≠p) F∂n´pw ]amWnIfn¬

Xs∂bpw At\I¿ Ah\n¬ hnizkn®p.

]≈n`jvS¿ BImXncn∏m≥ ]coi∑m¿

\nanØw G‰p]d™n√Xm\pw''.

7. tbmth¬ 3:1˛2/aØm. 25:31˛32

""Rm≥ (ssZhw) sblqZbpsSbpw sbcqi

teans‚bpw ÿnXn am‰phm\p≈ \mfpIfnepw

ImeØnepw Rm≥ kIe PmXnIsfbpw Iqń

btlmim^mØv Xmgvhcbn¬ sN√pamdm°p

Ibpw Fs‚ P\w \nanØhpw Fs‚ AhImi

amb bnkmtb¬ \nanØhpw AhtcmSp

hyhlcn°pIbpw sNøpw. Ah¿ AhcpsS

PmXnIfpsS CSbn¬ NnXdn®p Fs‚ tZisØ

hn`mKn®p If™pht√m.

""a\pjy]pX≥ Xs‚ tXPt msS kIe

hnip≤∑mcpambn hcptºmƒ Ah≥ Xs‚

tXP ns‚ knwlmk\Øn¬ Ccn°pw; kIe

PmXnIsfbpw Ahs‚ apºn¬ Iq´pw; Ah≥

Ahsc CSb≥ sNΩcnbmSpIsfbpw

tImemSpIsfbpw XΩn¬ th¿Xncn°p∂Xp

t]mse th¿Xncn°pw.''

8. sb»ømhv 44:6/ shfn∏mSv 22:13

""bnkmtbens‚ cmPmhmb btlmh, Ahs‚

hos≠Sp∏pImc\mb ssk\yßfpsS btlmh

C]Imcw AcpfnsNøp∂p; Rm≥ BZy\pw

A¥y\pw BIp∂p; Rm\√msX Hcp

ssZhhpan√''

(sb»ømhv 41:4; 48:12 hmIyßfpw t\m°pI)

Rm≥ Aev^bpw HtaKbpw H∂ma\pw

HSp°Øh\pw BZnbpw A¥hpw BIp∂p.''

(shfn∏mSv 1:8, 17; hmIyßfpw t\m°pI).

C. ]gb\nbaØnse btlmhbpsS ZqX≥ ssZhhpw

InkvXphpw Bbncp∂p.

]nXmhns\ Bcpw Hcp\mfpw I≠nń√ F∂v InkvXp

]d™p (tbml. 1:18, 6:46) 5 F¶nepw ]gb

\nbaØn¬ At\I ssZh ]Xy£XIƒ

ImWp∂p≠v (Dev]Øn. 16:13; 18:1; 31:13; 32:30; ]pd. 3:

6; \ymbm. 2:1; 6:14-˛16; 13:22)6. AXn¬ \n∂pw

hy‡amIp∂Xv ]gb \nba ssZh]Xy£XIƒ

(btlmhbpsS ZqX≥ Dƒs∏sS) InkvXphns‚

]Xy£XIƒ Xs∂bmsW∂mWv. InkvXphns‚

ssZhXzsØ ]n≥Xmßp∂ ]tcm£ hkvXpXbm

WnXv.

D. InkvXp i∫Øn\v I¿Ømhv F∂ \nebn¬

]gb\nba ImeL´Ønse Hcp kp][m\

BNmcambncp∂p i∫Øn\v ""I¿Ømhv'' F∂p

]dbptºmƒ AXv XnI®pw lrZblmcnbmb Hcp

]tbmKw Xs∂bmWv. i∫Øn\vta¬ A[nImcw

AhImis∏Sp∂Xv, ssZhnI A[nImcw AhImi

s∏Sp∂Xn\v XpeyamWv. aØmbn 12:8; eqt°mkv 6:5

hmIyßfpw i≤n°pI).

Aßs\ a\pjy]pX≥ i∫Øn\pw I¿

Ømhp BIp∂p F∂p ]d™p (a¿t°m. 2:28).

E. InkvXp ssZhØns‚ ]hrØnIsf sNøp∂p

1. InkvXp kIeØns‚bpw kjvSmhv

A\¥cw ssZhw: ""\mw \ΩpsS kzcq]Øn¬

\ΩpsS kmZriy]Imcw a\pjys\

D≠m°pI'' (Dev]Øn 1:26).

kIehpw Ah≥ apJm¥cw Dfhmbn,

DfhmbXv H∂pw Ahs\ IqSmsX DfhmbX√

(tbml. 1:3).

kz¿§Ønep≈Xpw `qanbnep≈Xpw Zriyamb

Xpw AZriyambXpw knwlmk\ßƒ BIs´

I¿XrXzßƒ BIs´ hmgvNIƒ BIs´

A[nImcßƒ BIs´ kIehpw Ah≥

apJm¥cw krjvSn°s∏´p (sImsem. 1:16).

5 hmIy-ßƒ ASn-°p-dn-∏n-t\mSp tN¿∂p ImWp-I.6 IqSmsX Cu hmIy-ßfpw ASn-°p-dn∏v 1 \Sn-bn¬ImWpI. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse Nne ssZhoI ]Xy-£-X-I-fn¬ btlm-h-bpsS ZqX≥ (Angel of the LORD)F∂]tbmKw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-ń-√. CXn-\mbn a‰p Nne]tXyI -hm-Iy-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v (DZm: Dev]. 18:1).


101

""]pXt\mtSm, ""ssZhsa, \o ]q¿∆ImeØp

`qan°v ASnÿm\w C´p. BImihpw \ns‚

ssIIfpsS ]hrØn BIp∂p (F_m. 1:8,10).

2. InkvXp kIeØns‚bpw ]cn]meI≥

Ah≥ k¿∆Øn\pw ap≥t]bp≈h≥; Ah≥

kIeØn\pw B[mcambncn°p∂p.

(sImsem. 1:17).

Ah≥ Ahs‚ tXP ns‚ ]`bpw XXzØn

s‚ apZbpw kIesØbpw Xs‚ i‡nbp≈

hN\Øm¬ hln°p∂h\pw BIsIm≠p

]m]ßƒ°p ]cnlmcw D≠m°nbtijw

DbcØn¬ alnabpsS heØp`mKØv Ccn°p

Ibpw... (F_m. 1:3).

3. InkvXp Poh\mbI≥

Ah\n¬ Poh\p≠mbncp∂p. Poh≥ a\pjy

cpsS shfn®ambncp∂p (tbml. 1:4).

""]nXmhn\p X∂n¬Xs∂ Poh\p≈Xpt]m

se Ah≥ ]pX\pw X∂n¬ Xs∂ Poh\p≈

h≥ BIpamdphcw \evInbncn°p∂p

(tbml. 5:26).

""Rm≥ Xs∂ ]p\cp∞m\hpw Poh\pw BIp

∂p; F∂n¬ hnizkn°p∂h≥ acn®mepw

Pohn°pw'' (tbml. 11:25).

tbip Aht\mSv: ""Rm≥ Xs∂ hgnbpw kXy

hpw Poh\pw BIp∂p; Rm≥ apJm¥ca√m

sX Bcpw ]nXmhns‚ ASp°¬ FØp∂n√

(tbml. 14:6).

Poh\mbIs\ (Pohs‚ B[mcambh≥)

sIm∂pIf™p; ssZhw acn®hcn¬ \n∂v

Fgpt∂ev∏n®p; AXn\p Rßƒ km£nIƒ

BIp∂p (As∏m. ]hr. 3:15)

BZman¬ F√mhcpw ancn°p∂Xpt]mse

InkvXphn¬ F√mhcpw Pohn∏n°s∏Spw

(1 sImcn. 15:22).

4. InkvXp k¿∆`qanbv°pw \ymbm[n]Xn

ssZhsØ k¿∆`qanbv°pw \ymbm[n]Xnbmbn

Dev]Øn 18:25 epw k¶o¿Ø\w 9:7˛8 epw

tcJs∏SpØnbncn°p∂p. F∂m¬ ]pXnb

\nbaØn¬ hmbn°p∂Xv \ymbhn[n F√mw ]pX\p

sImSpØncn°p∂p F∂mWv. AXpsIm≠v ]pX≥

ssZhw Xs∂bmWv.

a\pjy]pX≥ Xs‚ tXPt msS kIe

hnip≤∑mcpambn hcptºmƒ Ah≥ Xs‚

tXP ns‚ knwlmk\Øn¬ Ccn°pw. kIe

PmXnIsfbpw Ahs‚ apºn¬ Iq´pw. Ah≥

Ahsc CSb≥ sNΩcnbmSpIsfbpw

tImemSpIsfbpw XΩn¬ th¿Xncn°p∂Xp

t]mse th¿Xncn®p... (aØm. 25:31˛32).

F√mhcpw ]nXmhns\ _lpam\n°p∂Xp

t]mse ]pXs\bpw _lpam\nt°≠Xn\p

]nXmhv Bscbpw \ymbw hn[n°msX

\ymbhn[n F√mw ]pX\p sImSpØncn

°p∂p (tbml. 5:22).

""Xm≥ \nban® ]pcpj≥ apJm¥ncw

temIsØ \oXnbn¬ \ymbw hn[n∏m≥

Ah≥ Hcp ZnhksØ \n›bn®p; Ahs\

acn®hcn¬ \n∂v Dbn¿sØgpt∂ev∏n®Xn

\m¬ F√mh¿°pw AXns‚ Dd∏v \evInbp

ancn°p∂p'' (At∏m. ]h. 17:31).

""\ΩpsS I¿Ømhmb tbiphns‚ kphn

tijw A\pkcn°mØh¿°pw ]Xn Imcw

sImSp°ptºmƒ \nßsf ]oUn∏n°p∂h¿

°p ]oUbpw ]oU A\p`hn°p∂ \nßƒ°p

RßtfmSpIqsS Bizkmhpw ]Icw \evIp∂

Xp ssZhk∂n[nbn¬ \oXnbt√m.'' (2 sX

tem\nIy¿ 1:7˛8).

5. InkvXp ]m]sØ £an°p∂p

AhcpsS hnizmkw I≠n v Ah≥ a\pjym,

\ns‚ ]m]ßƒ tamNn®p X∂ncn°p∂p F∂p

]d™p. imkvXnamcpw ]coi≥amcpw

ssZhZqjWw ]dbp∂ Ch≥ B¿? ssZhw

Hcph≥ A√msX ]m]ßsf tamNn∏m≥

Ignbp∂h≥ B¿ F∂p Nn¥n®p XpSßn.

tbip AhcpsS Nn¥Isf Adn™v AhtcmSv:

\nßƒ lrZbØn¬ Nn¥n°p∂Xp F¥v?

\ns‚ ]m]ßƒ tamNn∏n®p X∂ncn°p∂p

F∂p ]dbp∂tXm Fgpt∂‰p \S° F∂p

]dbp∂tXm GXmIp∂p Ffp∏w F∂p

tNmZn®p. F¶nepw qanbn¬ ]m]ßsf tamNn

∏m≥ a\pjyp]pX\v A[nImcw D≠v F∂v

\nßƒ Adntb≠Xn\p Ah≥ ]£hmX

°mct\mSv Fgpt∂‰p InS° FSpØp

ho´nte°pt]mI F∂p Rm≥ \nt∂mSp

]dbp∂p F∂p ]d™p (eqt°mkv 5:20˛24).

kvXobpsS t\sc Xncn™p intamt\mSp

]d™Xv: Cu kvXosb ImWp∂pthm? Rm≥


102

\ns‚ hoń¬ h∂p, \o Fs‚ Imen\p sh≈w

X∂n√; Chtfm IÆp\o¿sIm≠v Fs‚ Im¬

\\®p XeapSnsIm≠p XpS®p: \o F\n°p

Npw_\w X∂n√; Chtfm Rm≥ AIØp

h∂XpapX¬ CShnSmsX Fs‚ Im¬

Npw_n®p. \o Fs‚ Xebn¬ ssXew

]qinbn√; Chtfm ]cnaf ssXewsIm≠p

Fs‚ Im¬ ]qin. BIbm¬ ChfpsS

At\Iamb ]m] ßƒ tamNn®ncn°p∂p

F∂p Rm≥ \nt∂mSp ]dbp∂p Ahƒ hfsc

kvt\ln®pht√m; Aev]w tamNn®p Inńbh≥

Aev]w kvt\ ln°p∂p.'' ]ns∂ Ah≥

AhtfmSp: \ns‚ ]m]ßƒ tamNn®p

X∂ncn°p∂p F∂p ]d ™p. Aht\mSpIqsS

]¥nbn¬ Ccp∂h¿: ]m]tamN\hpw

sImSp°p∂ Ch≥ B¿ F∂p XΩn¬

]d™p XpSßn (eqt°mkv 7:44˛49).

(aØmbn 9:1˛6; a¿t°mkv 2:5 t\m°pI)

F. ssZhØns‚ KpWhntijßƒ InkvXphn¬

hkn°p∂p.

1. InkvXp \nXy\pw kzbmkvXnIyw D≈h\pw

""\otbm, t_Xvteslw F^msØ, \o

sblqZm klkßfn¬ sNdpXmbncp∂mepw

bnkmtben\v A[n]Xnbmbncnt°≠p∂h≥

F\n°p \n∂n¬ \n∂v D¤hn®p hcpw;

Ahs‚ D¤hw ]t≠ D≈Xpw ]pcmX\am

bXpw Xs∂'' (aoJm. 5:2).

BZnbn¬ hN\w D≠mbncp∂p; hN\w

ssZhtØmSpIqsS Bbncp∂p; (tbml. 1:1).

tbip AhtcmSv: Bta≥, Bta≥ Rm≥ \nß

tfmSp ]dbp∂p. A_lmw P\n®Xn\p ap≥

s] Rm≥ D≠v F∂p ]d™p (tbml. 8:58).

Rm≥ Aev^bpw HtaKbpw H∂ma\pw

HSp°Øh\pw BZnbpw A¥hpw BIp∂p

(shfn. 22:13).

(ImWpI. sbiømhv 9:6; tbml. 5:26)

2. InkvXp A\\y≥

]pXt\mtSm: \otbm A\\y≥; \ns‚

kwh’cßƒ Ahkm\n°pIbpan√

(F_mb¿ 1:8, 12 ).

tbipInkvXp C∂sebpw C∂pw Fs∂

t∂°pw A\\y≥ Xs∂. (F_mb¿ 13:8).

3. InkvXp k¿∆hym]n

""ct≠m aqt∂m t]¿ Fs‚ \maØn¬ IqSn

hcp∂nSsØms°bpw Rm≥ AhcpsS \Sp

hn¬ D≠v F∂pw Rm≥ \nßtfmSp ]dbp∂p''

(aØmbn 18:19).

""Rm≥ \nßtfmSp Iev]n®Xp Hs°bpw

]amWn∏m≥ X°hÆw D]tZin®pwsIm≠v

kIePmXnIsfbpw injycm°ns°mƒhn≥;

Rmt\m temImhkm\ tØmfw F√m \mfpw

\nßtfmSpIqsS D≠v F∂v AcpfnsNbvXp''

(aØmbn 28:20).

tbip Aht\mSv: Fs∂ kvt\ln°p∂h≥

Fs‚ hN\w ]amWn°pw; Fs‚ ]nXmhv

Ahs\ kvt\ln°pw; Rßƒ Ahs‚ ASp

°¬ h∂v Aht\mSpIqsS hmkw sNøpw''

(tbml. 14:23).

...F√mw \ndbv°p∂hs‚ \ndhmbncn°p∂

(Fs^. 1:23).

(F_mb¿ 13:5 ImWpI).

4. InkvXp k¿∆⁄m\n

tbipthm F√mhscbpw AdnIsIm≠p

Xs∂Øm≥ AhcpsS ]°¬ hnizkn®v

Gev∏n®n√ (tbml. 2:24).

""\o kIehpw Adnbp∂psh∂pw Bcpw

\nt∂mSp tNmZn∏m≥ \n\°v Bhiyw C√

F∂pw Rßƒ Ct∏mƒ Adnbp∂p''

(tbml. 16:30).

...]sXmkv Zp:Jn®p; ""I¿Ømsh, \o kIehpw

Adnbp∂p...'' (tbml. 21:17).

(t\m°pI. aØmbn 12:25; a¿t°mkv 2:8; 9:34;

eqt°mkv 5:22; 6:8; 7:39 ff; 9:47; 11:17; tbml. 1:47˛ 48;

4:17˛19).

5. InkvXp k¿∆i‡≥

tbip ASpØp sN∂p; ""kz¿§Ønepw

`qanbnepw kIe A[nImchpw F\n°p

\evIs∏ńcn°p∂p'' (aØm. 28:18).

""\o Ah\p \evInbn´p≈h¿s°√mw Ah≥

\nXyPohs\ sImSpt°≠Xn\p \o kIe

PUØnt∑epw Ah\v A[nImcw \evInbncn

°p∂pht√m'' (tbml. 17:2).

kz¿§Øn¬ Xs‚ heØp`mKØv F√m

hmgvNbv°pw A[nImcØn\pw i‡n°pw


103

I¿XrXzØn\pw Cu temIØn¬ amXa√

hcphm\p≈Xnepw hnfn°s∏Sp∂ kIe

\maØn\pw AXy¥w aosX CcpØpIbpw

(Fs^. 1:21).

Ah≥ kIehpw X\n°p Iogvs∏SpØphm≥

Ignbp∂ Xs‚ hym]mc i‡nsIm≠p \ΩpsS

XmgvNbp≈ icocsØ Xs‚ alXzap≈

icoctØmSv A\pcq]ambn cq]m¥cs∏SpØpw

(^nen. 3:21).

F√m hmgvNbv°pw A[nImcØn\pw

Xebmb Ah\n¬ \nßƒ ]cn]q¿Æ

cmbncn°p∂p (sImsem. 2:10).

Ah≥ Xs‚ tXP ns‚ ]`bpw XXzØns‚

apZbpw kIesØbpw Xs‚ i‡nbp≈

hN\Øm¬ hln°p∂h\pw BIsIm≠p

]m]ßƒ°p ]cnlmcw D≠m°nbtijw

DbcØn¬ alnabpsS heØp`mKØv....

(F_mb¿ 1:3)

""Rm≥ Aev bpw HtaKbpw BIp∂p'' F∂v

Ccn°p∂h\pw Ccp∂h\pw hcp∂h\pambn

k¿∆i‡nbp≈ ssZhamb I¿Ømhv

Acpfn sNøp∂p (shfn. 1:8; t\m°pI. shfn.

1:17; 22:13 tbip I¿ØmhmsW∂v sXfnbp∂p

shfn. 1:8).

G. InkvXp Bcm[\ kzoIcn®t∏mƒ Xs∂

ssZhsØ amXta Bcm[n°mhq F∂v ]Tn∏n®p.

tbip Aht\mSv: ""kmØmt\, Fs∂ hn´p

t]m; \ns‚ ssZhamb I¿Ømhns\ \akvI

cn®p Ahs\ amXta Bcm[n°mhq'' F∂p

FgpXnbncn°p∂pht√m F∂p ]d™p

(aØmbn 4:10).

""\o ssZh]pX≥ kXyw'' F∂p ]d™p

Ahs\ \akvIcn®p'' (aØmbn. 14:33).

Ahs\ ]pdØm°n F∂p tbip tI´p;

Ahs\ I≠t∏mƒ ""\o ssZh]pX\n¬

hnizkn°p∂pthm'' F∂v tNmZn®p. AXn\p

Ah≥: ""bPam\t\, Ah≥ B¿ BIp∂p?

Rm≥ Ah\n¬ hnizkn°mw'' F∂p DØcw

]d™p. tbip Aht\mSv : ""\o Ahs\ I≠n

´p≠v; \nt∂mSv kwkmcn°p∂h≥ Ah≥

Xt∂'' F∂p ]d™p. DSs\ Ah≥ ""I¿

Ømth, Rm≥ hnizkn°p∂p'' F∂p ]d™v

Ahs\ \akvIcn®p (tbml∂m≥. 9:35˛38).

7 Nne ]tXyI Zpcp-]-tZ-i-°m¿ “BZyPm-X≥” (tdma. 8:29;sImtem. 1:15,18; F_m. 1:6; shfn. 1:5) “GIPmX≥”(tbml. 1:14,18; 3:16,18; 1 tbml. 4:9) F∂o ]tbm-K-ßsfZpcp]tbmKs∏SpØp-∂Xp tbip-InkvXp BZy-ambnkrjvSn-°s∏´h-\m-sW∂p ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn´mWv.

“BZyPm-X≥” F∂Xns\ BZy-ambn P\n-®-h≥ F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xn-t\mSp X¿°-an√; Fs¥-∂m¬ aØm.1:25- s‚ NnessIsø-gp-Øp-]-Xn-I-fn¬ Cßs\ ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.AXp-t]mse eqt°m. 2:7 Dw F¥m-bn-cp-∂mepw Nne`mKß-fn¬ Aev]-am-bnt´m H´pw-X-s∂tbm P\\w AYhmBcw`w F∂n-h-bpsS ]cm-a¿ß-fn-√. ]Icw ‘]ctam∂-Xw, apJy-amb, BZ-c-Wo-b≥” F∂o A¿∞-ß-fmWv.BPy-Pm-X≥ F∂-Xns‚ F_mb ]Z-Øn\v Ctøm_v18:13˛¬ “acWØns‚ ISn-™q¬” F∂pw sbi. 14:30- ¬”Ffnb-h-cpsS BZy-Pm-X-∑m¿” F∂pamWv ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. (NASB am¿Pn\¬ H∂p ImWp-I). Cu H∂mw`mKØpw P\-\-k-abØns‚ Bibw Dt]-£n®v ]c-tam-∂-Xamb F∂ Bibw h∂n-cn -°p-∂Xp F_mb`mjbn¬ “BZyPm-X≥” F∂Xn\v A\¥cmhImiØnep≈ ]ctam∂X ÿm\w F∂ BibØn¬\n∂mWv. Ctøm. 18:13˛¬ “acWØns‚ ISn-™q¬”F∂Xns\ “acWIc-amb tcmKw'' ""hym[n-]n-Sn-®-h≥”F∂pw .... 14:30 se “Ffnb-h-cpsS BZy-Pm-X-∑m¿”F∂Xns\ “]caZcn-Z≥” F∂pamWv A¿∞w. sk]v‰p-kz-©nse (LXX) t]mt´m-tSmt°mkv (Protokos)\p Xpey-]-Z-amWv ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ InkvXp-hn-\p-th≠n D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AhnsS ÿm\-Øn-\mWv, Bcw- -Øn-\√]m[m\yw. ]g-b- bnkm-tb-ens\ “BZyPm-X≥” F∂phnfn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xp Ah¿ ]Ya cmjvSw BbXp sIm≠√]ns∂tbm hwi-ß-fn¬ Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏- -h-cm-I-bm-em-Wv.A¿∞m¬ Ah¿ kI-e -cmjvSßsf-°mfpw ]c-tam-∂Xÿm\w D≈hcmWv. (]p-d. 4:22; bnscaym 31:9; 38:9; inLXX) Bh¿Ø\w 21:16-˛¬ c≠maXv P\n® ]pXs\""BZmPmX≥'' F∂ ]Zhnbn¬ AwKoIcn°phm\p≈km≤yX F¥msW∂v Hm¿∏n°p∂p. k¶o. 89:27 ImWp-I. (k-¶o. 89:27 LXX) ChnsS ssZhw Zmho-Zns\ (A-hs‚k¥-Xn-I-fpw) Xs‚ BZy-Pm-X≥ B°p-sa∂v ]d-™n-

tXmakv Aht\mSv ""Fs‚ I¿Ømhpw Fs‚

ssZhhpw Bbpt≈th'' F∂p DØcw

]d™p (tbml∂m≥ 20:28).

]pd∏mSv 34:14; sbiømhv 42:8 hmIyßƒ ImWpI.

H. Sn\nt‰dnb≥ Bibw InkvXphns\ XntbI

ssZhambn ]dbptºmƒ ssZhamsW∂pw

sXfnbn°p∂p. (ssZhXXzimkvXØn¬ c≠mw

A≤ymbØn¬ ImWphm≥ Ignbp∂XmWv) 7

IV. InkvXp-hns‚ a\p-jyXzw

A. InkvXp -hns‚ a\p -jy -Xz -sØ-°p -dn -®p≈

]kvXmh\

(t\m-°pI:˛ sk£≥ 2F, _n, a\p-jym-h-Xm-chpw

I\yIm P\-\-hpw)


104

B. InkvXp-hns‚ a\p-jy-Xz-Øns‚ sXfn-hp-Iƒ

1. InkvXp- inipXz-Øn¬ \n∂v ]pcp-j-]m-]vXn-bn-

te°v hf¿∂p (eq-t°m. 2:40˛52).

2. Ah≥ am\p-jnI hni-∏-\p- -hn-®p, `£Ww Ign®p

(a-Øm-bn. 4:2; a¿t°mkv 11:12; eqt°m. 22:19 ff; 24:30;tbml. 21:12).

3. InkvXp-hn\v £oWw A\p-`-h-s∏´p (a-Øm-bn.

8:24; a¿t°m 4:38; tbml. 4:6).

4. Ah≥ IÆp-\o¿ hm¿Øp (a-Ømbn 23:37; tbml.

11:35)

5. Ah≥ km[m-cW a\p-jys\ t]mse Pohn®p

(sbi. 53:2 ff; /tbml. 4:9; ^nen. 2:7- 8)

6. Ah\v Hcp icocw D≠m-bn-cp∂p (tbm-l. 1:14), tZln

D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. (aØmbn 26:38) Bflmhp D≠m-bn-cp∂p

(eqt°m. 23:46)

7. Ahs‚ IjvS-X, c‡-s®m-cn-®n¬, acWw F∂nh

a\p-jy-XzsØ ÿm]n-°p∂p (a-Ømbn 26:26˛29).

C. sIt\m-kn-kns‚ A¿∞w

sIt\mknkv F∂ ]Zw sI\mthm F∂ Inbm-[mXp-

hn¬ \n∂mWv (^n-en. 2:7). AXn-\¿∞w Hgn-°p-I,

iq\y-am-°pI Fs∂m-s°-bmWv. Nne¿ hmZn-°p-∂Xv

cn°p∂p. CXp-Nq-≠n-°m-´p-∂Xp Zmho-Zns‚ ]ctam∂X]ZhnsbbmWv adn®v P\\kabsØtbm Bcw`sØtbmDt±in®√. LXX Nne X¿÷n-a-I-fn¬ “BZyPm-X≥'' F∂]tbmKw Ah≥ Xs‚ hoc-∑m-cm-bn-cn-°p∂ “ap∏Xpt]cn¬ ][m-\n-” B-Ip∂p (chief of the thirty) F∂]tbmKØn¬ D]tbmKn®ncn°p∂p (1- Zn-\. 11:11).

Xncp-sh-gp-Øn-e√msXbpw Cu ]Z-Øns‚ A¿∞-hym]vXnshfn®w hoip∂XmWv. 4 FkvUmkv 6:58˛¬ bnkm-tb-ens\ “Fs‚ BZy-Pm-X≥, GI≥, Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏- -h-cpsS, ]nb-\m-b-h≥” F∂p hnfn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. ho≠pwt]mt´m-tSmt°mkv shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv ]Z-hn, k¿∆m-[n-]Xyw F∂n-h-bm-Wv. d∫n s_°mbn (Rabbi Bechai) F∂-bmƒ Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv “temIØns‚ BZy-Pm-X≥ssZh-am-Ip∂p” F∂m-Wv. (J.B. Lightfoot, Saint PaulsEpistles to the Colossians and to Philemon. rev. ed. (GrandRapids: Zonderran 1977) 146-˛47 ImWp-I. CXns‚A¿∞w ssZhw k¿∆m-[n-]-Xn-bm-Ip∂p F∂-√msX H∂m-aXp P\n-®-h≥ F∂-√. BZy-Ime k`m-]n-Xm-°-∑m¿\mkXnI\mb am¿kn-bs\ (Marcion) “]nimNns‚ BZy-Pm-X≥” F∂m-Wv hnfn-®-Xv. CXns‚ A¿∞w kmØm-\y-]-h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ ]ap-J≥ Ah-\m-bn-cp∂p F∂-√msXAhs‚ P\-\sØ Ipdn-®-√. (t]m-fn-Im-¿∏v, sFtd-\n-b-kns‚ D≤-c-Wn, Against Heresies, 3;3;4) HSp-hn-embnZsØ-Sp-°p∂ Ip™p-ß-sfbpw “BZyPmX≥” F∂p hnfn-®n-cp-∂p. The Theological Dictionary of the New Testa-ment ¬ ZsØ-Sp-°-en-s\-°p-dn®p≈ ]pcm-X\ tcJ-bpsSD≤-cWn C]-Im-c-am-Wv: “\nßfpsS bYm¿∞ aI\pwBZy-Pm-X\pw, \nß-fpsS kz¥w c‡-Øn¬ \n∂p P\n-®n-cn -°p-∂- GI PmX\mb aIs\t∏mse. withelmMichaelis, Theological Dictionary of the New TestamentImWp-I. AXns‚ FUn-‰¿ Gerhard Kittel and GerhardFriedrich BWv. hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂Xv GeoffreyBromiley bpw (Grand Rapids Wm. B. Eerdmans Pub-lishing Co. 1968) VI 872, (aq-e-K-Ÿ-amb Ko°n¬ \n∂p≈hnh¿Ø\w Fs‚ kz¥-am-Wv) \mw ]cn-tim-[n-®-XmbF√m tcJ-I-fn¬ \n∂pw a\- n-em-Ip-∂Xv “BZyPm-X≥”F∂ ]tbmKw Hcm-fpsS ]c-am-[n-Im-csØ am\n-°p-∂-X-√msX P\-\-hp-ambn _‘-s∏- -X√ F∂m-Wv.

C\n sImtem. 1:15 se ]kvXm-h\ t\m°mw. 16˛mwhmIyØnemWv ]kvXm-h-\-bpsS ImcWw ImWp-∂-Xv.“kIehpw Ah-\m¬ (apJm-¥n-cw) krjvSn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p”. kI-ehpw Ah-\m¬ krjvSn-°-s∏-´-Xn-\m-emWvInkvXp BZy-Pm-X≥ Bb-Xv. Cu kµ¿ -Øn-emWv ]c-am-[n-Im-c-Øns‚ A¿∞w icn-bm-bn- tbmPn°p∂Xv. GXm-bmepw ChnsS H∂m-aXp krjvSn-°-s∏´p F∂ Bi-b-sØ Ah≥ kI-e-Øns‚bpw krjvSn-Xmhv F∂ Bi-b-Øn-¬ \n∂pw Hgnhm°nbncn°p∂p. sImtem. 1:15 \sΩ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv, InkvXp kIe krjvSn-Iƒ°pw D∂-X≥BIp∂p F∂m-Wv. AsXm-cn-°epw Ahs‚ Bcw` (D-¤-h) ka-b-sØ-b√ Nq≠n-°m- p-∂Xv. CXp-t]mse Xs∂“GIPm-X≥” F∂ ]tbm-Khpw tbip-hn\p Hcp D¤h(Xp-S-°w) kabw Ds≠-∂√ ImWn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu ]Zw(monogenees)Hcn -°epw Ahs‚ P\\sØtbmXpS°sØtbm ]cma¿in°p∂n√. GXp-]-Imcw “BZyPm-X≥” F∂Xp Ahs‚ ]c-am-[n-Im-csØ ImWn°p∂pthmAXp-t]mse CXpw Ahs‚ D∂-X-amb Ah-ÿ-sb-bmWvImWn-°p-∂-Xp. F_m-b¿ 11:17˛¬ C -lm-°ns\ A_-lm-ans‚ “GIPm-X≥” F∂p hnfn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬

A_lmw bnivamtbens\bpw P\n∏n®p (D-ev]. 16:16).IqSmsX a‰p thsd Bdp a°ƒ IqsS-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. (D-ev]. 25:1˛2) AXp-sIm-≠v, bn -lm°v Hcp ""GI PmX-≥''Bbncp∂Xp P\n® GI aI≥ amX-am-bn-cp∂p F∂A¿∞Øne√ ]ns∂tbm khntijamb ]Zhnbpw ap≥K-W-\-bpw F∂ A¿∞ØnemWv. InkvXp ]nXm-hmbssZh-Øn\p “GImPm-X-\-bmcn°p-∂Xp Ahs‚ Bcw- -Øn∂p (P-\-\-Øn-\p) Hcp Imew D≠m-bn-cp-∂p F∂ Bi-b-Øn-e√ adn®v Ah≥ ]nXm-hns‚ ]tXy-I ]pX≥ F∂\ne-bn-em-Wv.

ChnsS Hcp tNmZyw DZn-°p-∂Xv monogenees s‚ D¤hwmono (only) and gennao (to be born) F∂Xn¬ \n-∂m-tWm-sb-∂m-Wv. F∂m¬ AXp \∂mbn a\- n-em-°p-hm≥Ign-bp-∂-Xp, mono (only) and gen “to be”. F∂XmWv.gennao F∂Xn\v c≠v n D≠v. F∂m¬ stem gen epwmonogeness epw H‰ n amXta D≈q F∂Xp Hm¿Øn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. BI-bm¬ Cu X¿÷n-a-bn¬ “AXp-√y≥”Ahs‚ XcØnep≈ F∂v ImWmw. NIV ]Icambp≈Cu i_vtZmev]Øn°v ]n≥XpW \evIp∂p. (tbm-l.1:14,18; 3:16, 18; 1 tbml. 4:9) Hcp-hn-izm-knsb ssZh-aI≥(1- tbml. 1:12; 1 /tbml. 5:1) F∂p hnfn-°p-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒAXp-ey-hp-amb A¿∞-amWv InkvXp- ssZh-]p-X≥ F∂\nebn¬ \mw a\ nemt°≠sX-∂mWv tbml-∂m≥BK-ln-®-Xv. ]utemkpw CtX ]Im-c-Øn-emWv hnizm-kn-Isf “ZØp]p-X-∑m¿” F∂phnti-jn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.(tdm. 8:15; Kem. 4:5, 6).


105

InkvXp a\p-jy-\m-b-t∏mƒ Ah≥ ssZhXzw Hgn®p

F∂m-Wv. F∂m¬ Cu D]-tZ-isØ ]n¥p-W-bv°p∂

bmsXmcp ]kvXm-h-\-Ifpw ]›m-Øe hnh-c-W-

ßfpw Xncp-sh-gp-Øn¬ C√.

A\\y≥ F∂p-≈Xv ssZh-Øns‚ kz`m-h-amWv (aem-

Jn. 3:6; bmt°m_v 1:17) ssZhw F∂ \nebn¬ tbip-

In-kvXp-hn\v Xs‚ kz`mhw am‰p-hm≥ Ign-bn-√ (F-

_m. 1:8˛12; 13:8). AXp-sIm≠v nen. 2:7˛ ¬ InkvXp

Xs‚ ssZhn-I -KpWhntijßƒ Xs∂-Øm≥ Hgn-

®p-h®p F∂v ]Tn∏n°pI Akm-≤yw.

]›m-Ø-e-a-\p-k-cn®v, efn-X-ambn hymJym-\n®m¬

^nen. 2:7˛¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv, InkvXp Xs‚ kz¥-

amb Xmev]-cy-ß-sf√mw am‰n-h-®n´v Hcp a\p-jy-

\mbnØo¿∂p F∂mWv. InkvXp-hns‚ Xmgva-sb-°p-

dn®v ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ At\I thZ- m-K-ßƒ D≠v (aØmbn

11:29; tbml. 13:3 ff). km[yXbp≈ as‰mcp hymJym-

\-an-ß-s\-bm-Wv. InkvXp Xs‚ Zriy-amb al-Xz-hpw

(tX-P- pw) Xs‚ ssZhnI KpWhntijß fpsS

kzX¥amb D]tbmKhpw am‰n -h-®p. ssZhnI

KpWhntijßƒ am‰phm≥ IgnbmØXpsIm≠v, In

kvXp ssZhambncns° Xs∂ a\pjy\mbnØo¿∂p

D. InkvXp-hns‚ a\p-jy-Xz-Øns‚ A\¥X

InkvXp kz¿§m-tcm-lWw sNbvX-t∏mƒ a\p-jyXzw

X\n°v \jvS-s∏´p F∂Xv icn-bmb D]-tZ-i-a-√.

F√m sXfn-hp-Ifpw Xncp-sh-gpØpw i‡-ambn Nq≠n-

°m-Wn-°p-∂Xv InkvXp Ct∏mgpw Ft∏mgpw `mhn-

bnepw a\p-jy-Xz-Øn¬ XpS-cp∂p F∂v Xs∂-bm-Wv.

1. ]p\-cp-∞m\ tij-ap≈ ]Xy-£-X-bn¬ InkvXp-

hn\v a\p-jyXzw D≠m-bn-cp∂p (a-Ømbn 28: 9; eqt°m.

24:39; tbml. 20:14˛15).

2. kz¿§m-tcm-lW ka-b-Øpw, A\-¥c Z¿i-\-ß-

fnepw a\p-jy-Xz-tØm-sS-bmWv InkvXp ]Xy-£-s∏-

´n- p-≈-Xv. t]mb-Xp-t]mse Xs∂ aS-ßn-hcpw (]-h.

1: 11). a\p-jy-]p-X≥ F∂ ]tbmKw (]-h. 7:56). a\p-

jy-]p-X-s\-∂-t]mse (sh-fn. 1:13).

3. InkvXp \ΩpsS alm-]p-tcm-ln-X-\mbXpsIm-≠v,

Ah\v Ct∏mgpw a\p-jyXzw A\n-hm-cy-am-Ip∂p

(tdma. 8:34; F_m. 3:1; 4:14˛16; 7:23; 9:24).

4. ZmhoZv ]pX-\m-bpw, a\p-jy-]p-X-\mbpw Xm≥ aS-

ßn-hcpw GXv IÆpw IpØn-Øp-f-®-hcpw Ahs\

ImWpw (2 iap. 7:12˛16; k¶o. 89:2˛4; 132:11; sbi. 9:

6˛7; bnsc. 23:5˛6; Zm\n. 7:13˛14; skJ. 12:10; aØmbn

24:30; 25:31; 26:64; shfn. 1:7).

5. DXv]m-]W ka-bØv hnizm-kn-Iƒ InkvXp-hn-s\-

t∏msebmbn-Øo-cp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v Ct∏mgpw Xm≥

a\p-jyXzw D≈-h-\m-Ip∂p (tdm-a. 8:29; 1 sImcn. 5:

49; ^nen. 3:21; 1 tbml. 3:2).

V. InkvXp-hns‚ ]co£

InkvXp ]co-£n-°-s∏´p F∂Xv hnizm-kn-I-sf√mw

]q¿Æ-ambn AwKo-I-cn-°p∂ Imcy-amWv (a-Ømbn 4:

1; a¿t°m. 1:12; eqt°m. 4:1; F_m. 2:18; 4:15;) ]m]-

Øns‚ em©-\-t]m-ep-an-√mØ InkvXp F√m ]co-

£-I-sfbpw AXn-Po-hn®p (2 sImcn. 5:21; F_m. 4:

15; 1 ]sXm. 2:22). ssZhw tZmj-ß-fm¬ ]co-£n-°-

s∏-Sm-Ø-h≥ Bb-Xp-sIm≠v Xs‚ a\p-jy-Xz-Øn\v

t\sc sXmSp-Øp-hn- -Xm-IWw ]co-£-Iƒ (bm-t°m.

1:13). Xs‚ a\p-jy-Xz-Øns‚ `mKambn ]m]-]-IrXw

C√m-bn-cp∂p ImcWw ]cn-ip-≤-flm-hn-emWv tbip-

hns‚ P\-\w. AXp-sIm≠v I¿Øm-hn\v ]m]w sNøp-

hm≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cpt∂m F∂ tNmZyw Db¿∂p hcp-

∂p. Xm≥ ]m]-k-ln-Xt\m? ]m] cln-Xt\m? 8 Xs‚

]co-£-Iƒ bYm¿∞-am-bn-cp-∂pthm?

InkvXp-hns‚ ssZh-Xzhpw a\p-jy-Xzhpw th¿Xn-

cn°p∂n-s√-¶n¬,- Xs‚ ssZhXzw Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂-

Xp-t]mse apgp-hy-‡n-Xzhpw ]m] cln-X-am-sW∂v

Nn¥n-°m≥ Ign-bpw. ssZh-Øn\v ]m]w sNøp-hm-t\m,

]m]w sNøp-hm≥ ]tem- n-°-s∏-Sp-hmt\m km[n-°p-

I-bn-√. 9

AXn-\m¬ ]co£ bYm¿∞-am-Ip-hm-\mWv km[yX.

Xs‚ ssZh-Xz-Øn\v ]co-£bv°v bmsXmcp ÿm\-

hp-an-√. At∏mƒØs∂ a\p-jy-Xz-Øn\v AXn-\p≈

CS-ap-≠v. AXp-sIm≠v Xs‚ a\p-jyXzw ]m]-]-h-

W-X-bp-≈-Xm-bn-cp∂p AXmWv ]co-£sb bmYm¿

∞y-am°nXo¿°p-∂-Xv. Ahs‚ apgp BfXzØn¬

]m]w sNøphm≥ Ignbpambncp∂n√. Hcp AZriy

ssk\ysØ BI-an-°m≥ Ign-bm-Ø-Xp-t]mse

]m]w sNøm≥ IgnbmØ Hcp hy‡n°v ]co£sb

t\cnSphm≥ Ignhpw F∂Xv Akm[mcWa√. Hcp

Iºv Ffp-∏-Øn¬ HSn°mw ]s£ Hcp sI´m°n sh®

Iºns\ B¿°pw HSn°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. Hcp t]∏¿

Iodn-°-f-bm≥ Ffp-∏-amWv F∂m¬ ]e t]∏¿ Hcp

8 s]°_vƒ (Peccable) F∂Xn\v ]m]w sNøp-∂-Xn-\p≈Ignhv AYhm ]m]w sNøp∂ Ahÿ F∂mWv A¿∞w.Cws]-°_vƒ F∂m¬ ]m]w sNøm-\p≈ Ign-hn-√mØ]m]-an-√mØ Ahÿ F∂m-Wv.9 ssZh-Øn\pw a\p-jy¿°pw CS-bn-ep≈ a≤y-ÿ≥InkvXp BIp∂p (1- Xn-tam. 2:5) thZ-im-kvX-]-c-ambnAhs‚ BfXz-Ønse c≠p kz`mh-ß-fpsS sFIy-Øn-emWv “ssls∏mkv‰m-‰nIv bqWn-b≥ (“Hypostatic-union’’) F∂mWp ]d-bp-I.


106

_p°n-t\mSv Xp∂n-t®¿Øm¬ IodpI AX Ffp-∏-

a√. AXp-t]mse tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ a\p-jy-Xzw

]co£n°s∏Sphm≥ Ignbpw. F∂m¬ c≠p

kz`mhßfpw tN¿∂ apgp-hy-‡nXzw ]m]w sNøm≥

Ign-hn-√m-Ø-Xm-Wv.

Xm≥ Xs∂ ]co-£n-X-\mbn IjvS-a-\p- -hn-®n-

cn-°-bm¬ ]co-£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿°v klm-bn-

∏m≥ Ign-hp-≈-h-\m-Ip∂p (F-_m. 2:18).

\ap-°p≈ alm-]p-tcm-ln-X≥ \ΩpsS _e-lo-

\-X-I-fn¬ kl-Xm]w ImWn-°m≥ Ign-bm-Ø-

h-\-√. ]m]w HgnsI k¿∆-Ønepw \ap°v

Xpey-ambn ]co-£n-°-s∏- -h-\sX \ap-°p-≈Xv

(F-_m. 4:15).

VI. ][m-\-s∏´ t]cp-Iƒ

InkvXp-hns‚ \ma-ßƒ apgp-h\pw FSpØv ]Tn-®m¬

Cu ]T\w A[nIw \o≠v t]mIpw. F∂n-cp-∂mepw

I¿Øm-hns‚ ][m-\-s∏´ t]cp-Iƒ hni-Zo-I-cn-t°-

≠-Xm-Wv.

A. I¿Ømhv

Ipdn-tbmkv F∂ Ko°v ]Z-Øn¬ \n∂p-amWv I¿

Ømh v F∂ ]Zw Dcp-Øn-cn-™n- p-≈-Xv. AXns‚ A¿

∞w hnim-e-am-Wv. ""km¿ F∂p XpSßn ssZhsØ''

hsc kwt_m-[\ sNøm-hp∂ ]Z-am-Wv. (tbm-l. 4:1;

20:15 aØmbn 14:10; shfn. 1:8). ]e ]mhiyw ]g-b-\n-

b-a-Ønse I¿Øm-hm-bn v ]pXnb \nbaØnse tbip-

In-kvXp-hns\ \mw ImWp-∂p. AXv InkvXp-hns‚

\ma-Øn¬ ssZhXzw Nm¿Øp∂ t]cm-bn- n-cn-°p-∂p.

B. tbip

Cu t]cn\v am\p-jn-Ihpw ssZhn-I-hp-amb A¿∞w

hnh-£n-°p-∂p-≠v. tPmjphm F_mb ]Z-Øns‚

Ko°p hnh¿Ø-\-amWv bmtkm-kv. AXns‚ A¿∞w

"btlmh c£n-°p∂p' AYhm ""c£ btlmhbpsS''

F∂m-Wv. ]tcm-£-ambn ]d-™m¬ ssZh--ambn

cn°p∂ InkvXp c£n-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ tbip F∂Xv

InkvXp-hns‚ am\p-jnI \ma-am-Wv.

C. InkvXp

sakø (an-kn-b) F∂ F_mb ]Z-Øns‚ Ko°p

]Zw IntÃmkv BWv. A¿∞w A`n-£n-‡≥ F∂m-

Ip∂p. ]gb\nbaØn¬ ainl F∂ hm°v A`ntj

Iw sNøs∏´ ]ptcmln∑msctbm cmPm°∑msctbm

kw_‘n®v km[mcW D]tbmKn®ncp∂p. (te-hn. 4:

3; 5:16; 1 iap. 16:6; 2 iap. 23:1). anin-lm-sb-°p-dn®v

Zm\n-tb¬ ]h-N-\-Ønepw k¶o¿Ø-\-Øn-epw,

ImWp∂ hmIy-ßƒ ssZh-Øns‚ ][m\ A`n-jn-

‡\v amX-ambn Dt±-in-®n- -≈-h-bm-Ip∂p (Zm-\n. 9:25-

˛26; k¶o. 2:2). ]pXnb\nba kabambt∏mƒ

""A`njn‡≥'' F∂Xv hmKvZØw sNøs∏´ A`n-

£n-‡-\mb hos≠-Sp-∏p-Im-cs\ Xs∂-bmWv hy‡

am°p∂Xv.

D. ssZh-]p-X≥

ssZhw hnhmlw Ign®v Hcp aI-\p-≠mbn F∂pw Cu

]Z-Øn-\¿∞w C√. s]mXpsh bnkm-tb-ey¿ F¥n-

s\-sb-¶nepw ]pX≥ F∂ kwt_m-[\ sNøp-∂Xv

AXns‚ kz`m-hsØ A¿∞-am-°n-s°m-≠m-Wv. ]gb-

\n-b-a-Øn-epw, ]pXn-b- \n-b-a-Ønepw aXn-bmb sXfn-

hp-Iƒ Cu Imcy-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn-ep-≠v:

Bh¿Ø-\. 25:2 ˛ ""ASn-bpsS ]pX≥'' A¿∞w

ASn°v A¿l-\mb Ip‰-hmfn

2 iap. 13:28 ˛ ""iqc-]p-X≥'' A¿∞w ss[cyw

Ctøm_v 41:34 ˛ ""\nK-f-Øns‚ ]pX≥'' A¿∞w

Al-¶mcn

bnsc-aymhv 48:45˛ ""Cap-e-]p-X≥'' A¿∞w s]s´∂v

tIm]n°p-Ibpw ]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿

a¿t°m. 3:17 ""CSna°ƒ A¿∞w tZjy°m¿

At∏m. ]hrØn : 4:36 ˛ ""]t_m-[-\-]p-X≥'' -

A¿∞w t]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂-h≥, ss[cy-s∏-Sp-Øp-

∂-h≥

InkvXp-hns\ ssZh-]p-X≥ F∂ hnfn-®n-cn-°p-∂-

Xns‚ A¿∞w. InkvXp-hn\v ssZhØns‚ kz`mh

KpW-ßfpw D≠v F∂m-Wv. sblqZ A[n-Im-cn-Iƒ

Cu t]cns‚ A¿∞w apgp-h-\mbn a\- n-em-°n-bn-cn-

°p∂p.

ssZhw kz¥-]n-Xmhv F∂p ]d™v Xs∂-

Øm≥ ssZh-tØmSv ka-am-°n-b-Xp-sIm-≠pw...

blqZ∑m¿ Ahs\ sIm√phm≥ A[nIambn

ian®p t]m∂p(tbm-l∂m≥ 5:18).

E. a\p-jy-]p-X≥

CXv InkvXp-hns‚ G‰hpw ]nb-s∏´ \ma-am-Wv. a\p-

jy-XzsØ Ipdn-°p∂ t]cm-sW-¶nepw CXns‚

Du∂¬ as‰-hn-sStbm BWv. Zm\n-tb¬ 7:13 ¬

ImWp-∂Xv a\p-jy-]p-Xs\ hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ \nXy-

cm-Py-Øns‚ `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bm-bn- m-Wv. AXn-\¿∞w

a\p-jy-]p-X≥ F∂ \maw InkvXp D]-tbm-Kn-


107

°ptºmƒ ]Y-a-ambn ta¬∏-d™ A¿∞-amWv

DtZin°p∂Xv (t\m-°p-I. aØm-bn. 24:30; 25:31;

26: 64; tbml. 1:51).

cmXn Z¿i-\-ß-fn¬ a\p-jy-]p-X-t\mSp kZr-

iy-\mb Hcp-Ø≥ BIm-i-ta-L-ß-tfmsS hcp-

∂Xp I≠p. Ah≥ htbm-[n-Is‚ ASp-°¬

sN∂p. Ah¿ Ahs\ Ahs‚ apºn¬ ASp-

Øp-h-cp-am-dm-°n. kIe hwi-ßfpw PmXn-Ifpw

`mj-°mcpw Ahs\ tkhn-t°-≠-Xn\ v

Ah\v B[n-]-Xyhpw al-Xzhpw cmP-Xzhpw

e`n-®p. Ahs‚ B[n-]Xyw \oßn-t∏m-ImØ

\nXym-[n-]-Xyhw Ahs‚ cmPXzw \in-®p-t]m-

Im-ØXpw BIp∂p (Zm-\n. 7: 13˛14).

F. hN-\w, ssZh-Øns‚ hN\w (tbm-l. 1: 1, 14;

shfn. 19:13).

tbml-∂m\v Cu t]cp-]-tbm-Kn-®-Xn\v [mcmfw Imc-

W-ßƒ D≠m-Ipw. Cu t]cns‚ A¿∞w F¥m

bncp∂mepw ssZhØns‚ AIsabp≈ a\ ns‚bpw

Nn¥bpsSbpw ]pdsabp≈ ]Imi\hpw shfn∏mSp

amWv tbipInkvXp F∂ D]tZiw hy‡am°phm≥

tbml∂m≥ BKln°p∂p.

G. c£-I≥(XotØm. 2:13; ^nen. 3:20)

A≤ymbw 9˛¬ c£ F∂ hnjbw hni-I-e\w

sNbvXn- p-≠v. (c-£m-imkvXw ) Cu t]cns‚ A¿∞w

InkvXp hos≠-Sp-∏p-Im-c≥, ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂v c£n-

°p-∂-h≥, AXns‚ in£-bn¬ \n∂pw, i‡nbn¬

\n∂pw, HSp-hn-embn ]m]-Øns‚ km∂n-≤y-Øn¬

\n∂pw Ft∂-°p-ambn hnizm-kn-Isf c£n-°p-∂-h≥

Fs∂m-s°-bm-Wv.

H. ssZh-Øns‚ Ip™mSv (tbm-l. 1:29; 1 ]sXm. 1:

18, 19; shfn. 5:6).

]gb \nb-a coXn-b-\p-k-cn-®p≈ ]m]-Øn-\p≈ ]mb-

›n-Ø-bmKØn¬ \n∂p cq]s∏´n´p≈ ]pXn-b-\n-

ba ]Z-amWv Ip™mSv F∂p-≈Xv:

I. Kpcp (tbm-l. 13:13).

Cw•ojv hmb-\-°m-c≥ Cu hm°ns‚ A¿∞w Ah-

K-Wn-t®-°mw. Cu Ko°v hm°ns‚ A¿∞w D]-tZ-

jvSmhv F∂p-≈-Xm-Wv.

VII. InkvXp-hns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw ]ZhnIfpw

A. Ah≥ ]hm-N-I≥ BIp∂p

Hcp henb ]hm-N-I-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ ]g-b-\n-ba ]h-

N-\-ß-fpsS ]q¿ØoIcW-amWv InkvXp (-Bh. 18:15;

tbml. 1:21, 45; 6:14; ]h. 3:22; 7:37). ssZh-sØ- a\p-

jy\v shfns∏SpØnb BXy-¥nI ]hm-N-I-\mWv

InkvXp (tbm-l. 1:18; F_m. 1:1˛2; shfn. 1:1; 19:10).

InkvXp Xs‚ sFlnI ImeØv ]h-Nn-®n-´p≠v

(a-Ømbn 13:24, 25). Xs‚ kz¿§mtcmlW-Øn\v

tijw ]hN\ ipiqj ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv apJm-¥ncw

XpS-cp∂p (tbm-l. 16:13).

\ns‚ ssZh-amb btlmh \n\°v Fs∂-

t∏mse Hcp ]hm-N-Is\ \ns‚ at≤y \ns‚

ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cpsS CS-bn¬ \n∂v Fgp-t∂-

ev∏n®p Xcpw. Ahs‚ hN\w \nßƒ

tIƒ°Ww (B-h. 18:15).

ssZhw ]≠v mKw mK-am-bn´pw hnhn-[-am-bn´pw

]hm-N-I-∑m¿ apJm-¥ncw ]nXm-°-∑m-tcmSv

Acp-fn-sN-bvXn´v Cu A¥y-Im-eØv ]pX≥

apJm-¥ncw Acp -fn -sN-bvXn -cn -°p∂p

(F-_m. 1:1- 2).

B. Ah≥ ]ptcm-ln-X≥ BIp∂p

110- mw k¶o. 4˛mw hmIyw ]h-Nn® ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv

ZmhoZv ]pX≥ tehn-bp-sS-b√ aev°n-sk-tZ-°ns‚ Ia-

]-Imcw D≈ ]ptcm-ln-X-\m-Wv. \ΩpsS alm-]p-tcm-

ln-X≥ F∂ \nebv°v Ah≥ bmKhpw bmKm¿∏-

I\pw, C\n Bh¿Øn-°phm≥ Bh-iy-an-√mØ ]c-

a-bmKw Ign-®-h-\p-am-Ip∂p (1 sImcn. 15:3˛4; F_m.

1:3, 7:27; 9:12, 28; 10:10- 14, 18; 1 ]tXm. 3:18-). Ah≥

a≤yÿ ipiqjbpw As√¶n¬ alm]ptcmlnXs‚

ipiqjbpw sNøp∂p(tdma¿ 8:34; F_m. 7:25),

Ah≥ a≤yÿ\pamWv(1 Xnsam. 2:5). InkvXphns‚

a≤yÿ ipiqj Iqiv acWØn\v aptº

D≠mbncp∂p(eqt°m. 22:32; tbml. 17). InkvXp

alm]ptcmlnX\mbn Ft∂°pw XpScp∂p(k¶o.

110:4, F_m. 5:6, 9˛10, 7:16, 17, 23˛25). 10

InkvXp-hn-ep≈ F√m hnizm-kn-Ifpw ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-

cmWv (1 ]sXm. 2:5, 9; shfn. 1:6; 5:10; 20:6) AXp-

sIm≠v \ap°v A¿∏n-°phm≥ bmK-ß-fp-≠v, \ΩpsS

ico-c-ßƒ (tdm-a. 12:1, 2) kvtXmXw (F-_m. 13:15),

`uXn-I-[\w (^n-en. 4:18). ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-cmb \ap°v

am\p-jnI a[y-ÿ-∑m-cn-√msX ]m¿∞-\-bn¬ ssZh-

Øn-¶-te°v ]th-i-\-ap-≠v (tbm-l. 14:13, 14; 16:24;

Fs^. 2:18; F_m. 4:16; 10:19˛22)

\o aev°n-sk-tZ-°ns‚ Ia-]-Imcw Ft∂°pw

Hcp ]ptcm-ln-X≥ F∂p btlmh kXyw

sNbvXp (k-¶o. 110:4).


10 InkvXp-hns‚ \nXy ]utcm-lnXyw F∂ Ahÿ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv, Ahs‚ \ne-\n-ev°p∂ a\p-jy-Xz-sØ-bmWv. Ah≥ F∂pw \ΩpsS ]ptcm-ln-X≥ Bbn-cn-°-

108

Xs∂ A\p-k-cn-°p∂ Gh¿°pw \nXy-c-£-

bpsS Imc-W- q-X-\m-bn-Øo¿∂p. aev°n-sk-tZ-

°ns‚ Ia-]-Imcw alm-]p -tcm -ln -X≥

F∂p≈ \maw ssZh-Øm¬ e`n-®p-an-cn-°p∂p

(F-_m. 5:9, 10).

C. Ah≥ cmPm-hm-Ip∂p

InkvXp C∂p temI-Ønse Hcp Bflob cmPy-

Øns‚ Xebm-Ip∂p AXm-bXv k` (tdm-a. 14:17; 1

sImcn. 4:20; sImsem. 1:13; 4:11). F∂n-cp-∂mepw temI-

hy-]-I-amb cmjvSob cmPy-Øns‚ GIm-[n-]-Xn-bm-

Ip-Ibpw sbcp-i-te-an¬ Zmho-Zns‚ knwlm-k-\-Øn-

en-cp∂v k¿∆-A-[n-Im-c-tØmSpw IqsS Ah≥ `cn-°p-

Ibpw sNøpw (2 iap. 7:12˛16; k¶o. 2, 45, 72, 89;

sbi. 9:6˛7; 33:22; bnsc. 23:5, 6; 33:22; Zm\n. 7:13, 14;

aoJm. 5:2; skJ. 9:9; 14:9; aØmbn 2:2; eqt°mkv 1:

32; 33 tbml. 1:49; tdma. 11:26; 1 sImcn. 15:25; shfn. 1:

5, 6; 17:4; shfn. 19:16).

btlmh \ΩpsS \ymb-[n -]≥, btlmh

\ΩpsS \ymb-Zm-Xmhv, btlmh \ΩpsS

cmPmhv, Ah≥ \sΩ c£n-°pw(sbi. 33:22).

Ah≥ hen-b-h-\mIpw, AXyp-∂-Xs‚ ]pX≥

F∂p hnfn-°-s∏-Spw. I¿Øm-hmb ssZhw

Ahs‚ ]nXm-hmb Zmho-Zns‚ knwlm-k\w

Ah\p sImSp-°pw. Ah≥ bmt°m_v Krl-

Øn\p Ft∂°pw cmPm-hm-bn-cn-°pw. Ahs‚

cmPy-Øn\p Ah-km\w D≠m-Ip-I-bn√ F∂p

]d-™p (eq-t°m. 1:32).

D. CXc ]Z-hn-Iƒ, ]h¿Øn-Iƒ, \ma-ßƒ

HSp-°-sØ BZmw (1 sImcn. 15:21 ff)

]pXnb krjvSn-bpsS Xe (2 sImcn. 5:17)

ico-c-Øns‚ Xe (1 sIm-cn. 12:12 ff; Fs^. 4:15,16)

BSp-I-fpsS henb CS-b≥ (tbml. 10:11 ff; F_m. 13:20; 1 ]sXm. 5:4)

ap¥n-cn-h-≈n (tbml. 15)

sIń-S-Øn-s‚ aqe-°√v (a-Ømbn 21:42, 1 sImcn.

3:11; Fs^. 2:20; 1 ]sXm. 2:5 ff).

Im¥bv°p Im¥≥ (Fs^. 5:22 ff)

E. InkvXp \ymb-]-amW ]me-I≥

InkvXp \ymb-]-amWw \nh¿Øn-°m-\mWv h∂-Xv

aØmbn 5:17. Ah≥ \ymb-]-amWw ]cn-]q¿Æ-ambn

A\p-k-cn-®p (2 sImcn. 5:21; F_m. 4:15; 1 ]-sXm.

2:22). Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿°v Ahs‚ ]cn-

]q¿Æ \oXn IW-°n-Sp-∂p (2 sImcn. 5:21). C]-Imcw

\ymb-]-amW ]me-I≥ F∂ InkvXp-hns‚ ]Zhn

hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v A]k‡-amb H∂√. tdma. 5:10 ]Tn-

∏n-°p-∂Xv Ahs‚ Poh-\m¬ \mw c£n-°-s∏-Spw

F∂m-Wv. ImcWw InkvXp ]q¿Æ-ambpw \nXy-ambpw

\oXn-am-\m-Ip-∂p. \mw Ahs‚ \oXn-bm¬ \Ωp-tS-X√,

c£n-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p AXp-sIm≠v hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v

\nXy-am-bXpw ]q¿Æ-am-b-Xp-amb c£ Inń.

F. InkvXp-hns‚ acWw

skm‰o-cn-tbm-fPn A≤ymbw 9 ]mb-›n-Ø acWw

hni-Zo-I-cWw t\m°pI

G. ]p\-cp-∞m\w (D-bn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev∏v)

1. Xncp-sh-gp-Ønse kXyßƒ

kphn-ti-j-ßƒ hy‡-ambn tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ ]p\-

cp-∞m-\-sØ-°p-dn®v ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p (aØmbn 28:5 ff;a¿t°mkv 16:6 ff; eqt°m. 24:1 ff; tbml. 20˛21). adn-

bbv°pw ]n∂oSv I√d I≠p aS-ßn-b-h¿°pw ]sXm-

kn\pw FΩ-u-kn-te°p t]mb injy∑m¿°pw

Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂‰ InkvXp ]Xy-£-\m-bn. BZyw

tXma- n-√msX a‰p injy-∑m¿°v ]ns∂ tXma-kn-t\m-

Sp-IqsS injy-∑m¿°v, Keoe IS¬ Icbn¬sh®v Ggv

injy∑m¿°v, bmt°m_n\v XpS¿∂v A™q-tdmfw

t]¿°v Htc ka-bØpw ]Xy-£-\m -bn

(1 sImcn. 15: 1˛18)11.

Ah-≥ ChnsS C√ Xm≥ ]d™Xpt]mse

Dbn¿sØgpt∂‰p; Ah≥ InS∂ ÿew h∂p

Imäo≥(aØm. 28:5).

2. ]p\-cp-∞m-\-Øns‚ ]m[m\yw

InkvXym-\n-Xz-Øns‚ apJy-hn-j-b-amWv tbip-hns‚

Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂ev∏v 1 sImcn. 15:14. BZn-a-k- -bpsS

][m\ ]kw-K-hn-j-b-am-bn-cp∂p CXv. At∏mkvXe

]hrØnbn¬ km£n F∂ ]Zw ]Tn-®m¬ a\- n-em-

Ip-∂Xv BZn-a-hn-izm-kn-IƒIn-kvXp-hns‚ ]p\-cp-∞m-

11 Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev∏n-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ Ncn-X-]-c-amb sXfn-hp-I-fmWv D]tZisØ-°mƒ IqSp-X¬ InkvXob km£y-tØmSp _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv. kw£n-]vX-ambn ]d-™m¬H∂m-asØ CuÃ¿ Zn\-Øn¬ Xs∂ InkvXp-hns‚ I√diq\y-am-°-s∏-ń-cp-∂p. As√¶n¬ Ahs‚ iXp°ƒ]p\cp∞m\Øns‚ AhImihmZßƒs°Xncmbn


bm¬ Ft∏mgpw \ap°p th≠n ]£-]mXw sNøp-IbpwAhs‚ c‡w F∂pw ]mb-›nØw \S-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-XmWv (F-_m. 7:25) CXp c£-bpsS `ZX (eternal se-curity) F∂ D]-tZ-i-hp-ambn _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.

109

\-Øn\v km£yw ]d-™p-h-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv (]h. 2:32;

3:15; 5:30˛32) etc.

a. ]p\-cp-∞m\w InkvXp-hns‚ ssZhXzw shfn-s∏-

Sp-Øp-∂p (tdma. 1:5)

PUw kw_-‘n®v acn-®n´v Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-

ev°-bm¬ hnip-≤n-bpsS Bflmhp kw_-

‘n®v ssZh-]p-X≥ F∂p i‡ntbmsS

\n¿Æ-bn-°-s∏-Sp -Ibpw sNbvXn-cn -°p-∂p

(tdma. 1:5).

CXns\ ]Z¿in∏n°pambncp∂p. tbip-hns‚ icocw]Z¿in∏n°p-hm≥ Ign-™n-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Ah¿ Xo¿®-bmbpwAXp ImWn®p hnPbw BtLm-jn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. Fß-s\-bmWp I√d iq\y-am-bXp? tbip Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂‰pF∂ GI sXfn-h-√msX as‰√m hmZ-ß-sfbpw temPnIv(X¿°-im-kvXw) X≈n-°-f-bp-∂p. injy-∑m¿ sX‰mbas‰mcp I√-d-°¬ t]mItbm h√-]-Im-c-ap≈ hn -a-Øn-\-Sn-a-s∏-Sp-Itbm sNbvXn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Xs∂ icn-bmb I√-d-bn¬ icocw ImtW-≠Xpw AXp P\sØ Adn-bn-t°-≠-Xp-am-bn-cp-∂p. C\n tbip-hs‚ icocw injy-∑m¿tamjvSn®p F∂ t]cn¬ ]oemtØmkv Bscbpw Ad-Ãp-sN-bvXn´pan√. H∂m-a-Xv, B ImeØp Imh¬°m¿ tPmenka-bØp Dd-ßp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√, Fs¥-∂m¬ Aßs\Is≠-Øn-bm¬ ac-W-in£ \evIp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p tdma≥\nb-aw. blqZ Imh-ev°m¬ Dd-ßn-t∏m-bm¬ Ah-cpsShkvX-Øn\p Xo sImfp-Øp-am-bn-cp-∂p (sh-fn. 16:15).ho≠pw as‰mcp Imcyw, Dd-ßp-∂-h¿ bmsXm∂pw ImWp-∂n-√, Dd-°-Øn¬ Hcp henb tamjWw \S-°p-∂Xp I≠pF∂p Ah¿s°-ßs\ km£n-]-d-bm≥ Ign-bpw. hmXp-°¬ \n∂p henb I√p Dcp- n-am-‰p-Ibpw AI-Øp-I-bdnihw FSp-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ i_vZw Xo¿®-bmbpw Imh-ev°msc DW¿Øm-Xn-cn-°ptam? hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Imh-ev°m¿ sI´n-N-a® IY sXfn-hmbn ]oemtØmkv kzoI-cn-®n√ F∂-XmWv kXyw.

Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev]ns\ kw_‘n® as‰mcp XS w“Swoon” Theory (t_m[-t°-Sv BWv). C°q´¿ ]d-bp-∂Xptbip Ipcn-in¬ acn-®n-√m-bn-cp∂p, tamlm-e-ky-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p, ho≠pw t_m[w sXfn-™-t∏mƒ Xm≥ Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂‰p F∂v kzbw ]Jym-]n-°-bm-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬Ahs‚ ac-W-sØ-°p-dn®p ]S-bm-fn-Iƒ \evInb Dd∏v“Ah≥ acn®p” F∂m-bn-cp-∂p. (a¿t°m. 15:43˛45; tbml. 19:34) see also Edwards act al, “on the Physical Deathof Jesus Christ”, Journal of the American Medical Asso-ciation, March 21, 1986, Vol. 255, No.11; 1463; “...tbipIpcn-in¬ acn-®n√ F∂ `mh\bpsS ASnÿm\Ønep≈hymJym\w \ho\ sshZy imkvX-Øns‚ ]cn-⁄m-\-Øn¬ hfsc hnNnXamWv.''

I√-d-bpsS iq\y-mhÿbv°v tbmPn® hniZoIcWwtbip-hns‚ Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev∏m-Wv. \oXn-am-∑m-cmb injy-∑m¿ tbip-hns‚ Dbn¿∏ns\ sXfn-bn-®Xv Ah-cpsS Pohn-X-ßsf ac-WØn\p Gev]n-®p-sIm-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. CXn¬IqSp-X-emb Hcp sXfnhp B¿°pw Ncn-X-Øn¬ \n∂ptNmZn-°m-≥ IgnIbn√.

b. \oXo-I-cWØn\p≈ hgn Dd-∏m-°-s∏- Xn¬ ssZhw

Xr]vX-\mbn F∂v sXfn-bn-°p∂ kwK-Xn-bmWv

(tdma. 4:25).

\ΩpsS I¿Ømhmb tbiphns\ acn®hcn¬

\n∂v Dbn¿∏®h\n¬ hniznkn°p∂ \ap°pw

IW°nSphm\p≈XmIbm¬ Xt∂ (tdma. 4:25).

c. hnizm-kn-I-fpsS ico-c-Øns‚ Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-

ev∏n\v CsXmcp ASn-ÿm\w (tbml. 14:19; 1 sImcn.

15:20).

Ipdt™m∂p Ign™m¬ temIw Fs∂

ImWpIbn√; \nßtfm Fs∂ ImWpw;

Rm≥ Pohn -°p -∂-Xp -sIm≠v \nßfpw

Pohn°pw (tbml. 14:19).

F∂m¬ InkvXp \nZ-sIm-≠-h-cn¬ BZy- -

e-ambn acn-®-h-cpsS CS-bn¬ \n∂p Dbn¿Øn-

cn-°p-∂p (1 sImcn. 15:20).

d. \ΩpsS alm-]p-tcm-ln-X\pw ]£-hmZw sNøp-∂-

h-\pambn InkvXp Pohn-°p-∂p F∂ kXyw ]p\-cp-

∞m\w A¿∞-am-°p-∂p (F-_m-b¿ 7:25).

Xm≥ apJm-¥n-c-ambn ssZh-tØmSp ASp-°p-∂-

h¿°v th≠n ]£-hmZw sNøp-hm≥ kZm

Pohn-°p-∂-h-\m-I-bm¬ Ahsc ]q¿Æ-ambn

c£n-∏m -≥ Ah≥ ]m]vX-\m -Ip -∂p

(F_m. 7:25).

e. ]p\-cp-∞m\w A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v

BXy-¥n-I-ambn acn°p-hm≥ IgnIbns√∂mWv.

Ahs‚ PohnXw \mw ]¶p-h-bv°p-Ibpw Ahs‚

""Pohn -Xw Hcn°epw Ah-km-\n°pIbpan√.''

F∂pamWv (tbml. 11:25, 26; tdma. 6:9˛10).

InkvXp acn-®n v Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-‰n-cn-°-bm¬

C\n acn-°-bn-√; ac-W-Øn\v Ah-s‚-ta¬ C\n

I¿Xr-Xz-an√ F∂p \mw Adn-bp-∂p-h-t√m

(tdma. 6:9).

f. ]p\-cp-∞m\w A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv InkvXp ho≠pw

hcp-sa∂pw(]h. 1:11) a\p-jy-tem-IsØ apgp-h\pw

a\p-jy-]p-X≥ `cn-°p-sa-∂p-am-Wv (sbi. 9:6; Zm\n.

7:13, 14; eqt°m. 1:32˛33).

Keoe]pcpj∑mtc, \nßƒ BImiØnte°v

t\m°n\n¬°p∂Xv F¥v? \nßsf hn´v

kz¿§mtcmlWw sNbvX Cu tbiphns\

kz¿§Ønte°v t]mIp∂h\mbn \nßƒ

I≠Xpt]mse Xt∂ Ah≥ ho≠pw hcpw

F∂p ]d™p(At∏m. ]. 1:11).


110

3. tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ ]p\-cp-∞m\ ico-c-Øns‚

kz`mhw

hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v Hcp tXP-kv°-cn-°-s∏´ icocw e`n®v

InkvXp-hn-s\-t∏mse Bbn-Øo-cpw F∂-Xp-sIm≠v

Ahs‚ ]p\-cp-∞m\ ico-c-Øns‚ kz`mhw a\- n-

em-°p-∂Xv ck-I-c-amb Hcp A\p- -h-am-Wv(1 sImcn.

15:49; 1 tbml. 3:2), B ico-c-Øn¬ amwkhpw Aÿn-

Ifpw D≠v (eqt°m. 24:39). hfsc thK-Øn¬ k©-

cn-°p-hm\pw uanI XS- -ßƒ _m[-I-hp-a-√mØ ico-

c-hp-am-Wv (tbml. 20:19, 26). `£Ww Ign-°m≥

Ignbpw (eqt°m. 24:30; tbml. 21:12, 13) tXP- p≈

ico-c-amWv (^nen. 3:21).

H. InkvXp-hns‚ kz¿§m-tcm-lWw, alXzoIcWw

h¿Ø-am\Ime ipiqj

kz¿§m-tcm-lWw ]h¿Øn 1:11- ¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-

cn-°p-∂p. Iqio-I-c-W-Øn\p apºv Xm≥ ]m¿∞n-®Xv

apºp-≠m-bn-cp∂ al-Xz-Øn¬ Xs∂ tN¿°-Wsa

F∂m-Wv (tbml. 17:1, 5). ss__nƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

InkvXp Ct∏mƒ ssZh-Øns‚ he-Øp- m-KØv tXP-

n¬ Ccn-°p-∂p-sh-∂mWv (]hrØn 7:56; sImsem.

3: 1; F_m. 1:3; 8:1; 12:2). ss__nƒ ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv

Ah≥ Hcn°epw \njvInb\mbncn°p ∂n√.

1. InkvXp, k -bpsS Xe-bm-Ip∂p Fs^. 1:20˛23;

sImsem. 2:10

Aßs\ Ah≥ InkvXp-hnepw hym]-cn®v

Ahs\ acn-®-h-cpsS CS-bn¬ \n∂p Dbn¿∏n-

°p-Ibpw kz¿§-Øn¬ Xs‚ he-Øp- m-KØv

F√m hmgvNbv°pw A[n -Im -c -Øn\pw

i‡n°pw I¿Ør-Xz-Øn\pw Cu temI-Øn¬

amX-a√ hcp-hm-\p-≈-Xn\pw hnfn-°-s∏-Sp∂

kIe \ma-Øn\pw AXy¥w aosX-bn-cp-Øp-

Ibpw k¿∆hpw Ahs‚ Imev°o-gm°n-h®v

Ahs\ k¿∆-Øn\pw aosX Xe-bm°n F√m-

‰n\pw F√mw \nd-bv°p-∂-hs‚ \nd-hm-bn-cn-

°p∂ Ahs‚ ico-c-am-Ip∂ k`bv°p sImSp-

°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p (Fs^. 1:20˛23).

2. Ah≥ \ΩpsS alm-]p-tcm-ln-X\pw ]£-hmZw

sNøp-∂-h-\p-am-Ip∂p(tdma. 8:34; F_m. 7:25).

in£ hn[n°p∂h≥ B¿? InkvXptbip

acn®h≥; acn®n v Dbn¿sØgpt∂‰h≥ Xt∂;

Ah≥ ssZhØns‚ heØp`mKØncn°p

Ibpw \ap°pth≠n ]£hmZw Ign°p

Ibpw sNøp∂p(tdma¿ 8:34).

3. Ah≥ \ΩpsS Imcy-ÿ-\m-Ip∂p, AXm-bXv

klmbn-°p-∂-h\pw kmØms‚ Btcm-]-W-ßƒ°v

FXnsc \ap-°p-th≠n hmZn-°p-∂-h-\p-am-Ip-∂p.

Fs‚ Ip™p-ßsf, \nßƒ ]m]w sNøm-Xncn-

°p-hm≥ Rm≥ CXp \nßƒ°p Fgp-Xp-∂p.

Hcp-Ø≥ ]m]w sNbvXp F¶ntem \oXn-am-\mb

tbip-InkvXp F∂ Imcy-ÿ≥ \ap°p

]nXm-hns‚ ASp-°¬ D≠v(1 tbml. 2:1).

4. Ah≥ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp apJm-¥ncw Zm\-ßsf

sImSp-°p-∂p(Fs^. 4:7).

\Ωn¬ Hmtcm-cp-Ø\v InkvXp-hns‚ Zm\-

Øns‚ Af-hn-s\m-Ø-hÆw Ir] e`n-®n-cn-

°p∂p(Fs^. 4:7).

I. InkvXp-hns‚ ]hrØn c≠mw hc-hn-¶¬

InkvXp-hns‚ `mhn-]-h¿Øn-Iƒ, A¥y-Im-e-

imkvXw 12- mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.


111

A≤ymbw 9

tkm‰ocntbmfPnc£sb∏‰nbp≈ D]tZiw

`mKw I :Hcp-°-s∏´ c£

cq]tcJ

I. c£-sb∂ ]Z-Øns‚ ]T\w

A. c£-bpsS ]tbmKw

1. c£n-°pI

2. c£

3. c£-I≥

4. c£

B. c£-bpsS A¿∞w

1. ssZh-imkvX]c-a-√mØ ]›m-Ø-e-

ßƒ

a. tcmK-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ hnSp-X¬

b. ]nim-Np-°-fn¬ \n∂p≈ hnSp-X¬

c. iXp-°-fn¬ \n∂p≈ c£

d. ac-W-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ c£

e. A]-I-S-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ hnSp-X¬

2. ssZh-im-kvX-]-c-amb ]›m-Ø-e-ßƒ

a. ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ c£

b. tIm[w, \ymb-hn[n, in£m-hn[n

Chbn¬ \n∂p≈ c£

c. ZpjvS-tem-I-Øn¬ \n-∂p≈ c£

d. \jvS-s∏- p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xn¬ \n-∂p≈

c£

e. ac-W-Øn¬ \n∂p c£n-°-s∏´p

f. \in-®p-t]m-ImsX c£- ]m-]n®p

C. c£bpsS Imew

1. `qX-Im-ew: ]m]-Øns‚ in£-bn¬ \n∂p

hnizmkn-Iƒ c£n-°-s∏´p

2. h¿Ø-am-\-Im-ew: ]m]Øns‚ i‡n-

bn¬ \n∂p hnizm-kn-Iƒ c£n-°-s∏- p-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.

3. `mhn: ]m]-Øns‚ km∂n-≤y-Øn¬

\n∂pw F√m tIm]-Øn¬ \n∂pw

c£n°-s∏Spw

D. kwKlw

II. ]Xn-]-I-c-bmKw (]-Xn-\n[n) ]mb-›nØw

A. BI-kvanI ]mb-›nØ kn≤m¥w

B. amXrIm ]mb-›nØ kn≤m¥w

C. [m¿ΩnIkzm[o\ ]mb›nØ kn≤m¥w

D. B[n-]Xy ]mb-›nØ kn≤m¥w

E. ]Xn-]-Ic ]mb-›nØ kn≤m-¥sØ

]Xn-tcm-[n-°p∂p

1. B‚n (Anti)F∂ hm°v

2. lq∏¿(Huper) F∂ hm°v

3. B‚n (Anti), lq∏¿ (Huper)F∂o

hm°p-Iƒ Dƒs∏-SmØ \ne-bn¬

]Xn-]Ic ]mb-›nØkn≤m¥w

ÿm]n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.

4 ]Xn-]-I-cbmK ]mb›nØkn-≤m-¥-

Øns‚ \nK-a\w

III.hos≠-Sp∏v: ]m]]cnlmcØns‚

]m]Ønte°p≈(sinward) Xew

A. AtKm-dmtkm (Agoraza)

1. s]mXp-hmb D]-tbmKw

2. ssZh-h-N-\-Ønse D]-tbmKw

3. \nK-a\w

B. FIvkm-tKm-dmtkm (Exagorazo)


2. ssZh-h-N-\-Ønse ]tbmKw

C. eyqtSm (Lutrao)



D. eyS¨ (Lutron)



E. eyqtSm-knkv (Lutrosis)

F. At∏m-eyqtSmknkv (Apolutrosis)

112

1. s]mXp-hmb ]tbmKw


G. hos≠-Sp-∏n-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ Npcp-°-amb hnh-

cW-ßfpw \nK-a-\-ßfpw

1. B¿°mWv hos≠-Sp∏v hne \¬In-bXv

2. hos≠-Sp-∏v ]m]-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-

Øn-ep≈ ]mb-›nØw

3. ]Z-ß-fpsS Iq -ßƒ XΩn-ep≈ it≤-

b-amb hyXym-k-ßƒ

a AtKm-dmtkm Iq´w

b eyqtSm Iq´w

IV.\nc-∏v ]m]]cnlmcw a\p-jy-tcm-Sp≈ _‘-

Øn¬

A. \nc-s∏∂ BibØns‚ ]›m-Øew

B. \nc∏v F∂ Bibw \¬Ip∂ hm°p-I-

fpsS A¿∞w

1. ]pcm-X\ atXXc temI-Ønse ]tbmKw


a. c£-tbm-Sp _‘an√mØ ]›m-Øew

b. c£-tbm-Sp _‘-ap-≈ ]›m-Øew

C. \nc-s∏∂ D]-tZ-i-Øns‚- hniZ hnh-c-ßƒ

1. \nc-∏ns‚ c≠v hi-ßƒ \nco-£n-°-

s∏Sp-∂p.

2. \nc-∏ns‚ c≠v hi-ßƒ hni-Zo-I-cn-

°s∏-Sp-∂p.

a. Iqin-eq-sS-bp≈ km¿∆-Xn-I-amb

\nc∏v

b. c£-bpsS ka-bØp≈ hy‡n-]-c-

amb \nc∏v

3. \nc-∏n¬ ssZh-Øns‚ ap≥ssI

4. kwKlw

V. ]mb-›nØw: ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn-ep≈

]Xn-]-I-c-bmKw/]m]]cnlmcw

A. ]mb-›n-Ø-Øns‚ \n¿hN\w

1. ]pcm-X\ atXXc temI-Ønse ]mb-›n-

ØtØmSp≈ _‘-s∏´ hm°p-I-fpsS

D]-tbmKw

2. ]mb-›n-Ø-tØmSp _‘-s∏´ hm°pI

fpsS ssZh-h-N-\-Ønse D]-tbmKw

a. ]m]-tØm-Sp≈ ssZh-Øns‚ tIm]w

b. sk]v‰zP‚nenep≈ ]mb-›nØw

c. ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ ImWp∂ ]mb-

›nØw

B. ]mb-›n-Ø-Øns‚ aq∂p kzm[o\

taJ-e-Iƒ

1. k¿∆-tem-I-Øn\pw th≠n-bp≈

Iqin-se -]m-b-›nØw

2. InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-tºmƒ kw -hn-

°p∂ hy‡n-]-c-amb ]mb-›nØw

3. hnizmkn ]m]w G‰p ]d-bptºmƒ kw -

hn-°p∂ ]mb-›nØw

C. ]mb-›nØw F∂ D]-tZ-i-Øns‚ henb

]mtbmKnIXIƒ

VI. ]m]]cnlmc-Øn¬ InkvXp-hns‚ c‡Øn-

ep≈ ]¶v

A. c‡-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ ss__n-fn-ep≈

\nco-£-Wßƒ

B. ]m]]cnlmc-Øn¬ InkvXp-hns‚ c‡

-Øns‚ ]¶n-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ \nK-a-\ßƒ

1. c‡w Hcp ]Xn-cq-]-sØ-°mƒ D]-cn-

bmWv

2. c£ \¬Ip-∂-Xn¬ a‰p LS-I-ß-fpsS

]¶v

VII. ]m]]cnlmc bm-K-Øns‚ A¿∞hpw

hym]vXnbpw

A. ]m]]cnlmc -bmKw ]g-b- \n-b-a-Øn¬

1. ]m]sØ ad-bv°p∂Xn\v

2. tIm]sØ hgnXncn®phnSp∂Xn\v

3. ]oXn Dd-∏m-°p-hm≥ \¬Ip∂ Zm\w

4. \nc-∏n-°p-∂Xn\v

5. kw£n]vXw

B. ]m]]cnlmcw Hcp ssZh-im-kvX-]-c-amb

]tbmKw F∂ \ne-bn¬

C. ]m]]cnlmc-Øns‚ hym]vXn

D. ]m]]cnlmcØns‚ Xo¿∏v

`mKw 1 :

Hcp-°-s∏´ c£

I. c£ F∂ ]Z-Øn-s‚ -]-T\w

A. D]-tbmKw

1. c£n-°pI (Sozo) F∂ ]tbmKw 106 apX¬ 108

hsc ]mhiyw D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ ssIsbgpØp ]Xn


113

Iƒ°v A\pk-cn®v ]pXn-b- \n-b-a-Øn¬ ImWmw.

2. c£ (Soteria)45 apX¬ 46 hsc ]mhiyw D]-tbm-

Kn-°p∂ ]pXnb ssIsø-gpØp ]Xn-Iƒ°v A\p-k-

c-W-ambn ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ ImWmw

3. c£-I≥ (Soter) GI-tZiw 24 ]mhiyw ]pXnb

\nb-a-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v.

4. c£ (Soterion) 4 ]mhiyw D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v.

D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ ssIsø-gpØv hna¿i\]csam `qcn-

]-£w-t]cpw D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂tXm GXp-am-hs´ F√m

hmIy-ßfpw tN¿∂v c£-tbm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ D]-

tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ samØw ]Z-ßƒ 180 BWv.

B. c£-bpsS A¿∞w

1. ssZh-im-kvX-]-c-a-√mØ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬

c£ F∂ hm°v hnhn[ \ne-Ifn¬ D]tbm-Kn-®n- p≠v,

AsXm∂pw ]m]-Øns‚ in£-bn¬ \n∂p≈ c£-

sb-°p-dn-®√ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. CXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬

c£ F-∂m¬ "hnSp-hn-°pI' "tamNn∏n°pI' XpS-

ßnb Bi-b-ßƒ ASßn-b-Xm-Wv.

a. ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ s]mXphmb ]tXy-In®v kphn-

ti-j-ß-fn¬ c£sb "tcmK-kuJyw' e`n-°p-∂-Xn-

t\mSp _‘-s∏-SpØn ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. BtcmKyw

hos≠-Sp-°p-∂-Xn--t\mSp _‘-s∏´pw c£-sb-°p-dn®v

]d-™n-cp∂p. Hcp hy‡nbpsS kºq¿Æ-amb

BtcmKyw hos≠-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-t\mSp _‘s∏´pw

ImWmw. (Im-WpI aØm-bn. 9:21, 22; a¿t°m 3:4; 5:

23, 28, 34; 6:56; 10:52; eqt°m. 6:9; 7:50; 17:19; 18:42 tbml-

∂m≥ 11:12; At∏m-kvX-e-]-hrØn. 4:9; 14:9; 27:34;

2 sImcn. 1:6; bmt°m. 5:15).

..Ahs‚ hkvXw amXw H∂p sXm´m¬

F\n°p kuJyw hcpw F∂p D≈w -sIm≠p

]d™p. ]nd-In¬ h∂v Ahs‚ hkvX-Øns‚

sXmß¬ sXm´p. tbip Xncn™p Ahsf

I≠-t∏mƒ aItf ss[cy-s∏-SpI; \ns‚

hnizmkw \ns∂ c£n®p F∂p ]d-™p. B

\mgnI apX¬ kvXo°p kuJyw h∂p

(-a-Ømbn. 9: 21˛22).

....F∂m¬ hnizm-k-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb ]m¿∞\

Zo\-°m-cs\ c£n°pw (bm-t°m-_v. 5:15).

b. `qX-ß-fn¬ \n∂p≈ hnSp-X-en\pw c£ F∂ ]Zw

D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p (eq-t°m. 8:36).

c. iXp-°-fn¬ \n∂p≈ hnSp-X-en\p c£ F∂ ]Zw

D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p (eq-t°m-kv. 1:70; At∏m.

]h. 7:25).

""\sΩ ]Ibv°p∂ Gh-cp-sSbpw Iøn¬ \n∂p

\sΩ c£n-∏m≥'' (eq-t°m. 1:71).

d. tbip-InkvXp c£n-°p-hm≥ ]d-bp∂p. CXn¬

\n∂p "hnSp-X¬' F∂ Bibw Fßs\ e`n-°p∂p

F∂p a\- n-em-°mw.

"-C-t∏mƒ Fs‚ D≈w Ie-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

Rm≥- F¥p ]d-tb≠p ]nXmth, Cu

\mgnIbn¬ \n∂v Fs∂ c£n -t°-W-sa;

F¶nepw CXp-\n-anØw Rm≥ Cu \mgn-I-bn-

te°p h∂n-cn-°p∂p' (-tbm-l. 12:27).

InkvXp Xs‚ sFlnI PohnXIm-eØp

Xs∂ ac-W-Øn¬ \n∂p c£n-∏m≥ Ign-bp-∂-

h-t\mSv Dd® \ne-hn-fn-tbmSpw IÆp-\o-tcm-Spw-

IqsS At]-£n-°p-Ibpw A`-b-bm-N\ Ign-

°pIbpw `b- ‡n \nanØw DØcw e`n-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXp(F-_m. 5:7).

e. hnhn[ kml-N-cy-ß-fn-ep-≠m-Ip∂ A]-I-S-ß-fn¬

\n∂p e`n-°p∂ c£-s∏-S-en\pw c£ F∂ ]Zw D]-

tbm-Kn-®n-´p-≠v. IS-en¬ B™-Sn® sImSp-¶m-‰n¬

(aØm-bn. 8:25, 14:30; At∏m. ]h. 27:20, 31); alm-]o-

U\ Ime-L- -Øns‚ Ah-km\w e`n-°p∂ hnSp-X¬

(a-Ømbn. 10:22; 24:13, 22; a¿t°m. 13:13, 20); Iqin¬

\n∂p≈ hnSp-X¬ (a-Øm-bn. 27:40, 42, 49; a¿t°m. 15:

30,31; eqt°m. 23:35, 37, 39); IjvS-X-bn¬ \n∂p (bq-Z

5) Pe-]-f-b-Øn¬ \n∂v (F-_m. 1:7).

c£ F∂ hm°v ]pXn-b-\n-baw Fgp-Xnb InkvXob

Fgp-Øp-Im¿ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn\p apºv a\p-jy\p

kw`-hn-°p∂ km[m-c-W-bmb A]-I-ß-tfm-Sp≈

_‘-Øn-em-bn-cp∂p D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. c£ -bpsS

hnhn[ D]-tbm-K-ßƒ "hnSp-X¬' c£-s∏-Sp-Ø¬,

kq£n-°¬, klmbw, t\¿hgn \S-ØpI, ]iv\-ß-

fn¬ \n∂p c£-s∏SpI' XpS-ßn-b-h-bm-Wv.

2. ssZh-h-N\w Fgp-Xn-b-h¿ "hnSp-X¬' F∂ km[m-

cW A¿∞w \¬Ip∂ hm°v FSp-°p-Ibpw ssZh

-im-kvX-]-c-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. hnizm-

kn-Iƒ At\I ]iv\-ß-fn¬ \n∂p- c-£n-°-s∏- p.

a. hnizm-kn-Iƒ ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p c£n-°-s∏-´p.

(a-Øm-bn. 1:21; eqt°m. 1:77; 7:50, 1 Xn-sam. 1:15).

""Ahƒ Hcp aIs\ ]k-hn°pw. Ah≥ Xs‚

P\sØ Ah-cpsS ]m]-ß-fn¬ \n∂p c£n-

∏m-\n-cn-°-sIm≠v \o Ah\p tbip F∂p

t]¿ CtSWw''(-a-Øm. 1:21).

"InkvXp-tbip' ]m]n-Isf c£n-∏m≥ temI-

Øn¬ h∂p F∂p-≈Xv hnizm -kyhpw

tkm‰ocntbmfPn: c£-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ D]-tZiw: `mKw 1

114

F√mhcpw AwKo-I-cn-∏m≥ tbmKy-hp-amb

hN\w Xs∂ (1- Xn-sam. 1:15).

b. hnizm-kn-Iƒ tIm]w \ymb-hn[n (in-£m-hn-[n)

\miw Ch-bn¬ \n∂p c£n-°-s∏-´p (tbml. 3:17;

tdma. 1:16; ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ ImWp∂ hmIyw 18; 5

9; 1 sX . 5:9; 1 ]tXm. 4:17˛18).

Ahs‚ c‡-Øm¬ \oXo-I-cn-°--s∏- -ti-jtam

\mw Ah-\m¬ FX A[n-I-ambn tIm]-Øn¬

\n∂p c£n-°-s∏Spw (tdm-a. 5:9).

c. hnizm-kn-Iƒ hI-X-bp≈ temI-Øn¬ \n∂p

c£n-°-s∏-Sp∂p (A-s∏m. ]h. 2:40).

...Cu hI-X-bp≈ Xe-ap-d-bn¬ \n∂p c£n-

°-s∏-Sp-hn≥ (A-t∏m. ]h. 2:40).

d. \jvS-s∏- p-t]mb Ah-ÿ-bn¬ \n∂p c£n-°-s∏-

Sp-∂p.

""ImWmsX t]mb-Xns\ Xnc™p c£n-∏m-

\t√m a\p -jy -]p - X≥ h∂Xv F∂p

]d™p''(eq-t°m. 19:10).

e. hnizm-kn-Iƒ ac-W-Øn¬ \n∂p c£n-°-s∏´p

(a-Øm-bn 16:25; a¿t°m. 8:35; eqt°m. 9-:24). ac-W-

Øn¬ \n∂p≈ hnSp-X-en-s\-°p-dn®v ]d-™n-cn-°p∂

XpS¿∂p≈ hmIy-ßfpw ImWp-I. F∂m¬ Ahn-sS-

sbm∂pw c£ F∂ ]Zw D]-tbm -Kn -®n -´n -√

(tbm-l. 5:24; tdma. 6:23; Fs^. 2:1).

""Bsc-¶nepw Xs‚ Pohs\ c£n-∏m≥ C—n-

®m¬ AXns\ If-bpw, Fs‚ \maw \nanØw

Bsc-¶nepw Xs‚ Pohs\ If-™mtem

AXns\ c£n°pw'' (eq-t°m. 9:24).

f. hnizm-kn-Iƒ \in-®p-t]m-ImsX c£ ]m]n-°p-∂p

(1- sIm-cn. 1:18; 2 sIm-cn. 2:15˛16, bmt°m. 4:12).

c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cpsS CS-bnepw \in-°p∂-

h-cpsS CS-bnepw Rßƒ ssZh-Øn\p

InkvXp-hns‚ kuc-`y-hm-k\ BIp∂p

(2- sIm-cn. 2:15).

\ymb-]-am-W-I¿Ømhpw \ymbm-[n-]-Xnbpw Hcp-

h-t\-bp≈q: c£n-∏m\pw \in-∏n-∏m\pw i‡-

\m-b-h≥ Xs∂; Iq´p-Im-cs\ hn[n-∏m≥ \o

B¿? (bm-t°m. 4:12).

C. c£bpsS Imew

ssZh-h-N\w c£sb qX-Im-e-Ønepw h¿Ø-am-\-Im-

e-Ønepw `mhn-Im-e-Øn-ep-amWv ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv.

CXv ssZh-h-N\w ]Tn-°p-∂-h¿ a\- n-em-t°-≠-

XmWv.

1. qX-Im-eØn¬ InkvXp-hn-e-mbn-cn-°p∂ hnizm-kn-

Iƒ ]m]-Øns‚ in£-bn¬ \n∂p c£n-°-s∏- p

(tdm -a¿. 8:24; Fs^. 2:5, 8; 2 Xnsam. 1 :9 ;

XotØm-kv 3:5).

Ir]-bm-et√m \nßƒ hn-izmkw aqew c£n-

°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂Xv (`q-X-Im-ew) AXn\pw

\nßƒ Im-c-W-a√ ssZh-Øns‚ Zm\-asX

BIp∂p (Fs^. 2:8).

F∂m¬ \ΩpsS c£n-Xm-hmb ssZh-Øns‚

Zbbpw a\p-jy-]o-Xnbpw DZn-®-t∏mƒ Ah≥

\sΩ \mw sNbvX \oXn-]-h¿Øn-Ifme√

Xs‚ -I-cpW ]Im-c-asX c£n-®Xv (`q-X

-Im-ew) (Xo-tØm. 3:5).

2. h¿Ø-am-\-Imew, hnizm-kn-Iƒ ]m]-Øns‚ i‡n-

bn¬ \n∂p c£n-°-s∏-´p -sIm -≠n -cn -°p -∂p

(^n-en. 2:12; 1 ]-sXm. 2:2).

AXp-sIm≠v ]nb-ap-≈-htc \nßƒ F√m-

bvt∏mgpw A\p-k-cn-®-Xp-t]mse Rm≥ Acn-I-

Øn-cn-°p-tºmƒ amX-a√ C∂p Zqc-Øncn-°p-

tºmƒ G‰hpw A[n-I-ambn `b-tØmSpw hnd-

b-temSpw IqsS \nß-fpsS c£-bv°mbn

]h¿Øn-∏n≥ (^n-en. 2:12).

3. `mhn-Im-e-Øn¬ ]m]-Øns‚ km∂n-≤y-

Øn¬ \n∂pw F√m tIm]-Øn¬ \n∂pw c£n-

°-s∏Spw (tdm-a. 5:10; 13:11; 1 sX . 5:9; 2 Xn-

sam. 4:18; F_m. 1:14; 9:28; 1 ]-sXm. 1:5, 4:18).

... \mw Ahs‚ Poh-\m¬ FX A[n-Imbn

c£n-°-s∏Spw (`m-hn-Im-ew) (tdma¿: 5:10).

D. kwKlw

c£n-°pI F∂m¬ hnSp-hn-°pI, tamNn-∏n-°pI,

klm-bn-°pI, t\¿hgn Im´pI XpS-ßn-b-h-bm-Wv. CXv

ssZh-im-kvX-]-c-a-√mØ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-emWv(tcm-K-

Øn¬ \n∂,v `qX-ß-fn¬ \n∂v, iXp-°-fn¬ \n∂v,

sImSp-¶m-‰n¬ \n∂v ASn-a-Ø-Øn¬ \n∂v XpS-ßn-b-

h-bn¬ \n∂p≈ hnSp-X¬). ssZh-im-kvX-]-c-amb

]›m-Ø-e-ß-fn¬ A¿∞w H∂p-X-s∂-bm-Wv.

InkvXob hnizm-kn-Iƒ ]m]w, tIm]w, in£m-hn[n

\nXy-\miw, Hcp -Zp-jvS-temIw, \jvS-s∏-´ acWw

F∂n-h-bn¬ \n∂p tamN\w t\Sp-∂p. hnizm-kn-Iƒ

]m]-Øns‚ in£-bn¬ \n∂p c£n-°-s∏´p. Ct∏mƒ

AXns‚ i‡n-bn¬ \n∂p c£n-°-s∏´psIm≠n-cn-

°p-∂p. mhn-bn¬ ]m]-Øns‚ km∂n-≤y-Øn¬ \n∂p

c£n-°-s∏-Spw.


115

II. ]Xn-]-Ic(]-Xn-\n[n) ]m]]cnlmcw

bmKw Hcp ssZh-im-kvX-]-c-amb ]tbm-K-am-Wv. CXv

InkvXp Iqin¬ sNbvX kI-e-sØbpw ]cma¿in

°p-∂p. Cu A≤ym-b-Øns‚ III apX¬ IV hsc `mK-

ß-fn¬ bmK-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ ]q¿Æ-]-T\w ImWm-hp-

∂-Xm-Wv. Cu `mKw hfsc Npcp-°-am-Wv. Xmsg∏d-

bp∂ tNmZy-ß-fmWv ChnsS ]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂Xv.

InkvXp-hns‚ ac-W-Øns‚ e£y-sa-¥m-bn-cp∂p?

tbip-InkvXp Iqin¬ ]q¿Øn-bm-°p-hm≥ ian-®-sX-

¥mWv? At\Iw kn≤m-¥-ßƒ apt∂m´p h∂n- p-≠v.

Ah-sb√mw H∂p-In¬ t]mcm-bva-Iƒ \nd-™sXm

As√-¶n¬ sXt‰m BWv.

A. BI-kvanI ]m]]cnlmckn≤m¥w

BI-kvanI ]m]]cnlmckn≤m¥w ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-

ambn ssZh-h-N\w ]q¿Æ-ambn hniz-kn-°mØ

B[p\nI Nn¥m-K-Xn-°m-cp-tS-Xm-Wv. Ch-cpsS Nn¥m-

KXn InkvXp Hcp \√ [m¿ΩnI\mb Kpcp-hmWv

F∂m¬ At±-l-Øns‚ PohnXw thKw Ah-km-\n-

°m-\m-bn-cp∂p hn[n. Km‘n, InMv, sI∂-Un, en¶¨

XpS-ßn-b-h¿°v kw -hn-®-Xp-t]mse. InkvXp-hns‚

ac-W-Øn\p thsd ]tXy-In®v A¿∞tam e£ytam

H∂p-an√. ssZh-h-N-\-]-Imcw Cu kn≤m¥w XnI®pw

A]cym-]vX-am-Wv.

B. amXrIm ]m]]cnlmc kn≤m¥w

amXrIm ]m]]cnlmckn≤m¥w icn-bm-sW-¶n¬,

InkvXp-hns‚ acWw kXy-tØmSpw I¿Ø-hy-

tØmSpap≈ G‰hpw D∂-X-amb ka¿∏-W-Øns‚

amXr-I-bm-Wv. Cu ImgvN-∏m-Sp-≈-h¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂Xv

\ap°v InkvXo-b- hn-izm-k-tØmSp henb ka¿∏Ww

D≠m-IØ°\nebn¬, hnizmk ]am-W-ßƒ°p

th≠n acn-°p-hm≥ hsc Hcp°w D≠m-Ip-hm≥ th≠n

a\x-]q¿∆-ambn (B-I-kvanI kn≤m-¥-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn)

c‡km£n acWw hcn®v \√ amXrI Im´nØ-∂p-

sb-∂m-Wv.

InkvXp \ΩpsS amXr-I-bm-sW-∂p≈Xv kXy-am-Wv.

F∂m¬ InkvXphns‚ ac-W-Øns‚ e£yw Hcp

c‡-km-£n-bmbnØocp-hm≥ th≠n-bm-bn-cp-∂n-√.

CXp InkvXphns\, c‡km£nXzØns‚ alXz

Øn¬ ]thin°p∂Xn\p acWw sImXn°p∂ Hcp

aX`m¥\m°nam‰p∂p.

C. [m¿ΩnIkzm[o\ ]m]]cnlmckn≤m¥w

[m¿ΩnIkzm[o\kn≤m¥w amXrIm kn≤m-¥-sØ-

t∏m-se-bp-≈-Xm-Wv. Cu kn≤m-¥-a-\p-kn®v Hcp

tUmIvS¿ ]I¿® hym[nbn-ep≈hsc klm-bn-°p-

hm≥ ian®v acn-°p-∂Xp t]msebpw, Xoc -kw-c-£W

-tk-h-\-Øn¬ G¿s∏- n-cn-°p∂ Hcmƒ IS-en¬ AI-

s∏´v apßn-Øm-gp-∂-Xp-t]msebpw InkvXp- \sΩ

klm-bn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂-t∏mƒ acn®Xm-Wv. tbip-In-

kvXp-hns‚ acWw Hcp ]tXyI e£y-Øn\p -th-

≠n-bp≈ c£-km-£na-c-W-a√, ]ns∂tbm Xs‚

henb kvt\l-Øns‚ ]Z¿i-\-am-Wv. Xs‚ ac-W-

Øns‚ e£yw Xs‚ kvt\l-Øns‚ kzm[o-\w-aqew

\ΩpsS lrZ-b-ßsf ab-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xm-Wv. Aßs\

Xs‚ ac-Ww-aqew tbip-InkvXp ]Xo-£n-°p-∂Xv

AXv \sΩ \ΩpsS ]m]-h-gn-Iƒ Dt]-£n-°p-∂-Xn\pw

hnip-≤-Po-hn-X-Øn-eqsS c£-t\-Sp-hm≥ ]cn-i-an-°p-

∂-Xn-\p-am-Wv.

InkvXp-hns‚ acWw Xs‚ kvt\l-Øns‚ ]Z¿i-

\-am-Wv. AXv \ΩpsS Pohn-X-ßsf cq]m-¥-c-s∏-Sp-

ØpI Xs∂ -sN-øpw. F∂m¬ Cu ImgvN-∏mSv ssZh-

Øns‚ ]m]-tØm-Sp≈ tIm]w AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂n-√.

AXp-t]mse InkvXp-hns‚ ]m]-]-cn-lm-c-th-esb

IW-°n-se-Sp-°p-∂n-√. CXv InkvXp-hns‚ ac-W-

Øns‚ H‰-°m-cWw Xs‚ kvt\lw-am-X-amWv -F∂p

Icp-Xp-∂p. A-Xp-sIm≠v Cu kn-≤m¥w ssZh-

h-N-\-tØmSp \oXn-]p-e¿Øp-∂n-√.

D. B[n-]Xy ]m]]cnlmc kn≤m¥w

B[n-]Xykn≤m-¥hpw c£ ]hrØn-bn-em-sW∂p

hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cpsS Iq´Øn¬ hfsc ]m[m\yw

A¿ln-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Cu kn≤m¥a\p-k-cn®v ssZh-

Øn\p Xs‚- \n-b-a-ß-fm-ep≈ B[n-]-Xy-ap-≠v.

InkvXp acWw hcn-°msX Cu \nb-a-ß-tfmSp A\m-

Z-cw ]pe¿Øn-bm¬ a\p-j-h¿§hpw ssZh-tØmSpw

Xs‚ \nb-a-ß-tfmSpw BZ-cw ImWn-°msX hcpw.

F∂m¬ bYm¿∞-Øn¬ \nb-a-ßƒ i‡n-bmbn \S-

∏m-°p∂p. Cu kn-≤m-¥-]Imcw InkvXp-hns‚

acWw aqew P\-ßsf \nb-a-ßƒ ]am-Wn®v c£-

bv°p-th≠n t_m[y-am-°p-I-bm-Wv. A√msX ssZh-

tIm]w ]cn-l-cn-°p-hm-\p-≈-X-√. Nne¿ Hcp-]t£

InkvXp-hns‚ acWw IqSmsX c£-s∏-´n-cn°mw.

F∂m¬ At\-I¿ InkvXp-hns‚ ac-Ww-aqew c£-

sb -]n-¥p-S-cp∂p AXp-sIm≠v InkvXp-hns‚ acWw

ssZh--Øns‚ \nb-a-ß-tfmSp≈ _lp-am\w h¿≤n-∏n-

°m\pw Ah A\p-k-cn-°m-Xn-cp-∂m-ep≈ tZmj-ßƒ

shfn-s∏-Sp-Øm-\pamWv. -In-kvXp-hns‚ acWw -aqew

Bfp-Iƒ c£-t\Sp-hm≥ ssZh-Øn-s‚- \n-b-a-ßƒ

A\p-k-cn-°p-hm≥ ITn-\m-≤zm\w sNø-Ww.

Cu kn≤m¥w bmYm-ÿn-Xn-I-am-sW∂p Nne¿°p

tXm∂mw. F∂m¬ AXv ]q¿Æ-ambpw t]mcm-bva-I-

fp-≈-XmWv. ssZhnI \nb-a-ß-tfm-Sp≈ h¿≤n®

BZcw -aqew ssZh-Øns‚ B[n-]-Xyw- kp-K-a-ambn


116

apt∂m´p t]mIp-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠nb-√ InkvXp acn®Xv.

ewLn-°-s∏´ \nb-a-ß-tfmSp InkvXp-hns‚ ac-W-

Øn\p _‘-ap -s≠-¶nepw, X∑qew ssZhnI

\nb-a-ß-tfm-Sp≈ _lp-am\w h¿≤n-°p-sa-¶nepw, c£-

bv°p-th≠n Bfp-Iƒ ]h¿Øn-°p-hm-≥ Cu h¿≤n®

_lp-am\w klm-b-I-am-Ip-sa∂v bmsXmcp e£y-hp-

an-√. Cu kn≤m¥w A\p-k-cn®v \ap°v InkvXp-hns‚

acWw AwKo-I-cn-°p-Itbm \ncm-I-cn-°p-Itbm

sNømw F∂m¬ ssZh-Øns‚ B[n-]-Xy-Øns‚

Iaw \ne-\n¿Øp-hm≥ AXv klm-b-I-c-am-Wv. amX-

a√ CXv ]hrØn-bm-ep-≈ c£sb ]m[m-\y-tØmsS

ImWn-°p-∂p.- a-\p-jys‚ ewL\w ssZhnI \nb-a-

ßƒ amX-a-s√∂pw, ssZh-Øns‚ kz`m-h-Øn-s\-Xn-

cm-bn- mWv a\p-jy≥ ]m]w sNbvX-sX∂pw, c£bv°v

tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ acWw Hgn-®p-Iq-Sm-\m-hm-Ø-Xm-

sW∂pw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn¬ Cu kn≤m¥w ]cm-P-b-

s∏- p. tbip-InkvXphns‚- a-cWw ]hrØn-bm-ep≈

c£-sb-b√ ImWn-°p-∂Xv, ]ns∂-tbm -am-\p-jnI ]cn-

i-a-Øm¬ km[n-°mØ c£ t\Sp-hm≥ AXv AXym-

h-iy-am-sW-∂p-am-Wv. ssZhnI \nb-ß-tfm-Sp≈ _lp-

am\w hf¿Øp-hm-\√ InkvXp acn-®Xv ]ns∂tbm

Ah ewLn-®Xp aqe-ap≈ ]ngbSbv°p∂Xn\m

bncp∂p.

E. ]Xn-]-I-c-(]Xn-\n[n) ]m]]cnlmc kn≤m¥sØ

kwc£n°p∂p

a‰p≈ ]m]]cnlmc kn≤m-¥-ß-sfms° `mKnI

kXy-ßƒ amX-amWv, InkvXp \√ amXrIbmWv.

Hcp khntij -Im-cy-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ DØ-c-hm-

ZnXzw Ah≥ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-≠v. InkvXp Xs‚

kvt\lw shfn-s∏-SpØn ssZh-Øns‚ \nb-a-ß-fpsS

]m[m-\yhpw Ah-sb -_-lp-am-\n-t°-≠-Xns‚ Bh-

iy-I-Xbpw shfn-s∏-SpØn. F∂m¬ CsXm∂pw ][m-

\-s∏- -X-√. amX-a√ CsXm∂pw ]q¿Æ-hp-a√.

ssZh-h-N\]Im-c-ap≈ ]m]]cnlmcw, AYhm ]Xn-

]-I-c-bmKw InkvXp \ΩpsS ]I-c-°m-c-\mbn F∂-

Xm-Wv. Ah≥ \ΩpsS in£ A\p- -hn-°p-Ibpw ]ng

sImSp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.-A-ßs\ ssZh-Øns‚

tIm]w AS°n. InkvXphns‚ ac-W-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-

Øn-ep≈ a‰p- e-£y-ß-sfms° AXn-s\-°mƒ

]m[m\yw Ipd-™-XmWv.

]Xn-]-I-c-]m]]cnlmcw F∂ D]-tZiw ÿm]n-°p-

hm≥ ""th≠n'' F∂ ]tbmKw ]I-c-ambn (a-s‰m-cm-

fpsS ÿm\-Øv) ""InkvXp \ap-°p-th≠n acn®p'' XpS-

ßnb hmIy-ß-fn¬ ÿm]n-t°-≠Xv Bh-iy-am-Wv.

B[p-\nI Nn¥m-K-Xn-°mcpw, ]hr-Øn-bm-emWv c£

F∂p ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-hcpw "InkvXp \ap-°p-th≠n

acn®p' F∂-Xp-sIm≠v A¿∞-am-°p-∂-Xv. ""InkvXp

\ΩpsS ]tbm-P-\-Øn-\mbn acn®p F∂mWv.''

""InkvXp \ap-°p-th≠n acn®p'' F∂p ]Tn-∏n-°p∂

thZ-`m-K-ß-ƒ ]Xn-]-I-c-]m]]cnlmcamsW∂v-

A¿∞-am-°p-∂-sX∂v Fßs\ Hcmƒ°v Adn-hm≥

I-gnbpw?

1. ]I-c-ambn F∂-Xn\v Ko°v mj-bn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-

cn-°p∂ hm°v B‚n (anti) FXn¿InkvXp (Anti-christ) InkvXp-hn\p ]I-c-ambn hcp-∂p. ""]I-c-am-bn

-F-∂-Xn\v B‚n (anti) F∂ hm°v D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-

Xn\v hfsc A[nIw sXfn-hp-≠v. Cu DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ

]cn-K-Wn-°mw.

""....-"I-Æn\p ]Icw (A¿∞w th≠n) IÆpw

]√n\p ]Icw ]√pw F∂p Acp-fn-s®-bvXXp

\nßƒ tI´n- p-≠t√m' (a-Øm-bn 5:38).

""....-ao-\n\p ]Icw ]mºns\ sImSp-°ptam?

(eq-t°m-kv 11:11).

"".... Xn∑bv°p(aS°n, X¬ÿm\Øv) ]Icw

Xn∑ sNømsX..'' (tdm-a¿ 12:17).

...-Xn-∑bv°p ]Icw Xn∑... ( 1 sX . 5:15).

....-tZmj-Øn\p tZmjhpw iIm-c-Øn\p iIm-

chpw ]Icw sNømsX ( 1 ]sXmkv 3:9).

...-Hcp DuWn\v (]-Icw, th≠n) tPyjvTm-h-

Imiw hn‰p If™ Gim-hn-s\-t∏mse ...

(F-_m-b¿ 12:16).

]Xn-]-Ic ]m]]cnlmcØns‚ ][m\ thZ- m-K-ßƒ

aØmbn 20:28, a¿t°mkv 10:45 XpS-ßn-b-h-bm-Wv.

B‚n (anti) F∂ hm°ns‚ A¿∞w "]I-c-ambn'

F∂p ImWp-tºmƒ, ""At\-I¿°p-th≠n Xs‚

Pohs\ adp-hn-e-bmbn'' F∂p≈ hmIyw A¿∞-am-

°p-∂Xv At\-I¿°p1 ]I-c-ambn InkvXp Xo¿∂p

F∂Xm-Wv.'' ]m]n-I-fpsS ÿm\Øv InkvXp acn-s®-

∂mWv. \jvS-s∏´ \ΩpsS Poh\p ]I-c-ambn

InkvXp Xs‚ Pohs\ \evIn.

""a\p-jy-]p-X≥ ipiqj sNøn-∏m-\√ ipiq-

jn-∏m\pw At\-I¿°p th≠n Xs‚ Pohs\

adp-hn-e-bmbn sImSp-∏m\pw h∂-Xp-t]mse

Xs∂ F∂p ]d-™p'' (a-Ømbn 20:28).

1 At\I¿°v F∂v Cu thZ- m-K-ß-fn¬ ImWp-∂Xv Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏- -h¿ F∂p ]cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-Ømw. a‰p thZ - mK-ßƒ hmbn-°p-∂Xv apgp-h≥ temI-Øn\p th≠n- InkvXpacn-®-Xm-bn- mWv. I¿Øm-hns‚ acWw Hcp ]I-c-°m-c-\m-bn- mWv F∂mWv \ΩpsS ][m-\-s∏´ \nK-a-\w.


117

""a\p-jy-]p-X≥ ipiqj sNøn-∏m-\√ ipiq-

jn-∏m\pw At\-I¿°p th≠n Xs‚ Pohs\

adp-hn-e-bmbn sImSp-∏m\pw AtX h∂Xv''

(a¿t°m-kv. 10:45).

""ssZhw Hcp-h-\t√m; ssZh-Øn\pw a\p-

jy¿°pw a≤y-ÿ\pw Hcp-h≥ F√m-h¿°pw

th≠n (anti) adp-hn-e-bmbn Xs∂-Øm≥

sImSpØ a\p-jy-\mb InkvXp-tbip Xs∂

(1 Xnsam. 2:5˛6).

2. ""th≠n''(for) F∂Xn\v D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂

as‰mcp hm°v lq∏¿(huper)˛"]tbm-P-\-Øn-\p-th≠n'

F∂pw Cu hm°v A¿∞-am-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ "as‰m-

cm-fpsS ÿm\Øv' F∂pw Cu hm°n\v A¿∞ap≠v.

^nse-tam≥ 13, 2; sImcn. 5:14˛15 Cu c≠p thZ- m-K-

ß-fmWv lq∏¿ F∂-Xn\p ]I-c-ambn F∂ A¿∞w

Iev]n-°p-∂-Xv. ]utemkv ChnsS ]d-bp∂p ""kphn-

tijw \nan-Ø-ap≈ XS-hn¬ Fs∂ ipiq-jn-t°-≠-

Xn\p Ahs\ ""\n\°p ]Icw'' (huper) Fs‚ ASp-

°¬ Xs∂ \n¿Øn-s°mƒhm≥ F\n°v BK-l-ap-

≠m-bn-cp-∂p. (^n-se-tam≥ 13). ChnsS ]utemkv

]d-bp-∂Xv ^nse-tams‚ A`m-h-Øn¬ Ahs‚

ÿm\Øv Xs∂ ipiq-jn-°p-hm≥ Ht\-kn-tam-kns\

\n¿Øp-hm≥ BK-l-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sb-∂m-Wv.

2 sIm-cn-¥y-cn¬ ]d-bp∂ XpS¿∂p-≈ thZ- mKw IqSp-

X¬ ][m-\-s∏- -Xm-Wv. ImcWw, InkvXp-hns‚ ac-

W-sØ-°p-dn®v ]d-bp∂ ]›m-Ø-e-ß-fn¬ lq∏¿

(huper) F∂ hm°v ]I-c-ambn Xo¿∂p F∂ Bi-

bsØ sXfn-bn-°p∂p.

InkvXp-hns‚ kvt\lw Rßsf \n¿_-‘n-

°p∂p; F√m-h¿°pw-th≠n (huper) Hcph≥

acn-®n-cns° F√m-hcpw acn-®psb∂pw Pohn-°p-

∂-h¿ C\n Xßƒ°m-bn- √ Xßƒ°p-th≠n

acn®v Db¿Ø-s∏- -h-\m-bn- p-Xs∂ Pohn-t°-≠-

Xn\p Ah≥ F√m-h¿°pw th≠n (huper)acn®p F∂pw Rßƒ \n¿Æ-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p

(2 sImcn. 5:14˛15).

Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ InkvXp F√m-h¿°pw th≠n

acn-®-Xp-sIm≠v F√m-hcpw InkvXp-hn-t\m-Sp-IqsS acn-

®p-sh-∂mWv ]utemkv ka¿∞n-°p-∂-Xv. CXns‚

A¿∞w F√m-h-cp-sSbpw ÿm\Øv InkvXp acn-

s®-∂mWv. AXp-sIm≠v F√m-hcpw Ah-t\m-sSm∏w

acn-®p. amX-a√, \ΩpsS Poh-\p-th≠n InkvXp Xs‚

Pohs\ \¬In-sb-¶n¬, Pohn-°p-∂-h¿ Ah-t\mSp IS-

s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p F∂m-Wv. ]utemkv ]d-bp-∂X.v

ChnsS sXfn-hm-Ip∂ Imcyw InkvXp \ΩpsS Poh\p

]Icw Pohs\ \¬In-sb-∂m-Wv. AXn\p ]I-c-am-bn-

I¿Øm-hn\p-th≠n Pohn-°p-hm≥ I-S-s∏- -h-cm-Wv.

aØmbn 20:28; a¿t°mkv 10:45 F∂o thZ- m-K-ß-fn-

se-t∏mse ASp-Øp-h-cp∂ aq∂m-asØ `mKØpw

]Xn-]-I-c-]m]]cnlmcsØ hfsc hy‡-am-bn- ]-Tn-

∏n-°p-∂p. ^nse-tam≥ 13; 2 sImcn-¥y¿ 5:14˛15 shfn-

s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv lq∏¿ F∂ hm°v D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂

thZ- m-K-ß-fnepw ]Xn-]-I-c-bm-K-sØ-bmWv Nq≠n-°m-

Wn-°p-∂Xv. a‰p≈ At\Iw thZ- m-K-ß-fnepw lq∏¿

]m]]cnlmcØn\v D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v. apI-fn¬ ]d-

™n-cn-°p∂ ][m\ thZ- m-K-ß-fpsS sXfn-hn-√msX

Cu thZ- m-K-ß-ƒ \¬Ip∂ Bibw InkvXp \ΩpsS

ÿm\Øp ]I-c-°m-c-\mbn acn-®p-shs∂m As√-¶n¬

InkvXp \ΩpsS \∑-bv°p-th≠n amXw acn-®p-

sht∂m, a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ _p≤n-ap- p-≠m-tbs\. F-

∂m¬ ^nse-tam≥ 13; 2 sImcn. 5:14˛15 F∂o thZ- m-

K-ß-fn¬ Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ hniz-kn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv ]Xn-

]-I-c-]m]]cnlmcw F∂ Bibw Dƒs°m-≈p∂

A[nIw hy‡-a-√mØ thZ- m-K-ßfpw Dƒs°m-≠n-

cn-°p-∂p-sb-∂m-Wv. Ah-bn¬ A[n-Ihpw InkvXp

\ΩpsS klm-b-Øn-\mbn acn-®p-sh∂pw A¿∞-

am°mw, F∂m¬ ssZh-h-N\w ]Xn-]-I-c-bmKw

F∂p≈ \ne-bn¬ i‡-ambn shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv

InkvXp \ΩpsS ÿm\Øv \ΩpsS ]I-c-°m-c-

\mbn acn®p F∂m-Wv. Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂ thZ- m-K-ß-

fpsS A¿∞-Øns‚ `mK-ambn CXpw Dƒs∏-Sp-Ømw.

""CXv At\-I¿°pth≠n - ]m-]-tam-N-\-Øn-

\mbn sNmcn-bp∂ ]pXnb- \n-b-a-Øn-\p≈

Fs‚ c‡w'' (a-Øm-bn. 26:28).

""CXv At\-I¿°p th≠n sNmcn-bp-∂-Xmbn

\nb-a -Øn -\p≈ Fs‚ c‡w ''

(a¿t°mkv 14:24).

""... Cu ]m\-]mXw \nßƒ°p th≠n sNmcn-

bp∂ Fs‚ c‡-Ønse ]pXn -b-\n -baw

BIp∂p'' (eq-t°m-kv 22:20).

""... Rm≥ sImSp-∏m-\n-cn-°p∂ A∏tam temI-

Øns‚ Poh-\p- th≠n (]-I-c-am-bn, ]tbm-P-

\-Øn-\m-bn) Rm≥ sIm-Sp-°p∂ Fs‚ amwkw

BIp∂p (tbm-l. 6:51).

""... \√ CS-b≥ BSp-Iƒ°p th≠n Xs‚

Pohs\ sImSp-°p∂p'' (tbm-l. 10:11).

""... kvt\ln-X¿°p- th≠n Pohs\ sImSp-°p-

∂-Xnepw A[n-I-ap-≈ kvt\lw B¿°pw C√''

(tbm-l. 5:13).


118

....InkvXp X°-k-a-bØv A -‡¿°p th≠n

acn®p (tdm-a. 5:6).

... InkvXpthm \mw ]m]n-Iƒ Bbn-cn-°p-

tºmƒ Xs∂ \ap°p th≠n acn-°-bm¬...

(tdm-a¿ 5:8).

kz¥ ]pXs\ BZ-cn-°msX \ap°v F√m-

h¿°pw th≠n Gev∏n -®p -X -∂-h≥''

(tdm-a. 8:32)

InkvXp \ΩpsS ]m]-ßƒ°p th≠n Xncp-

sh-gp-Øp-I-fn≥ ]Imcw acn®p'' (1 sImcn. 15:3).2

]m]w Adn-bm-Ø-hs\ \mw Ah-\n¬ ssZh-

Øns‚ \oXn BtI-≠-Xn\p Ah≥ \ap-°p-

th≠n (lq-∏¿ F∂ ]Zw ]tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂

thZ-`m-KØv ]I-c-°m-c≥ F∂ Bi-b-amWv

][m-\-am-bn- p-≈-Xv) ]m]-am°n'' (2 sImcn. 5:21).

\ΩpsS ]m]-ßƒ \nanØw (th-≠n)

Xs∂Øm≥ Gev∏n-®p-sIm-Sp -Ø-h-\mbn''

(K-em-Xy¿ 1:4).

Fs∂ kvt\ln®p F\n°p th≠n Xs∂-

Øm≥ Gev]n-®p-sIm-SpØ ssZh-]p-X-¶-

ep≈ hnizm -k-Øm-esX Pohn -°p -∂Xv

(K-em-Xy¿ 2:20).

InkvXp \ap°p th≠n im]-am-bn-Øo¿∂p.

\ymb-]-am-W-Øns‚ im]-Øn¬ \n∂p \sΩ

hne-bv°p-hmßn (K-em-Xy¿ 3:13).

Xs∂-Øm≥ \ap°p th≠n sImSpØp

(Xn-sØmkv 2:14).

F¶nepw ssZh-Ir-]-bm¬ F√m-h¿°pw th≠n

acWw Bkz-Zn-∏m≥... (F-_m-b¿ 2:9).

...-\o-Xn-am-\mbn \oXn-sI- -h¿°p th≠n ]m]w

\nanØw Hcn -°¬ IjvSw -A-\p -` -hn®p

(1 ]sXmkv 3:18).

3. B‚n, lq∏¿ F∂o ]tbm-K-ß-fn-√msX a‰p-

ff ASn-ÿm-\-ß-fm¬ ]Xn-]-Icho£Ww ÿm]n-

°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. ]Xn-]-I-c-acWw F∂ Bi-bsØ

klm-bn-°p-hm≥, \ΩpsS ]m]w Npa-°p∂ InkvXp

ssZh-Ip-™mSv F∂p≈ hnti-jWw klm-bn-°pw.

tdma¿ 6˛¬, InkvXp Iqin¬ acn-®-t∏mƒ hnizm-kn-

Ifpw acn-®p-sh∂p ]utemkv ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. Ah≥

\ΩpsS ÿm\-ØmWv acn-®-sX-∂p≈ Bi-b-tØmSv

Cu kXyhpw hfsc ASp-∏-Øn¬ _‘-s∏-´n-cn-

°p∂p.

km£m¬ \ΩpsS tcmK-ßsf Ah≥ hln®p

\ΩpsS thZ-\ -Isf Ah≥ Npa∂p

(sb-»-ømhv 53:4).

\mw F√m-hcpw BSp-I-sf-t∏mse sX‰n-t∏m-bn-

cp-∂p. \mw Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw Xm¥ms‚ hgn°p

Xncn-™n-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ btlmh \ΩpsS

F√m-h-cpsS AIrXyw Ah-s‚ta¬ NpaØn

(sb-»-øm-hv. 53:6).

... -Fs‚ P\-Øns‚ AXn-Iaw \nanØw

Ah\p ZWvU\w h∂p..(sb-»-ømhv 53:8 ).

...-F-∂m¬ Ahs\ XI¿Øp If-hm≥ btlm-

h-bv°v CjvSw tXm∂n Ah≥-A-h\p IjvSw

hcpØn Ah≥ ]mW≥ Hcp AIr-Xy-bm-K-am-

bn-Øo¿∂n v (-sb-»-ømhv 53:10).

""...-A-h≥ Xs‚ ico-c-Øn¬ \ΩpsS ]m]-

ßsf Npa-∂p-sIm≠v Iqin-t∑¬ Ibdn''

(1 ]sXm. 2:24).

Aßs\ Xs∂ At\-I-cpsS ]m]-ßsf Npa-

∏m≥ Hcn-°¬ A¿∏n°s∏´p''... (F_m. 9:28)

Ahs‚ ac-WØns‚ kmZr-iy-tØmSv \mw

GIo- -hn-®-h-cm-sb-¶n¬ ]p\-cp-∞m-\-Øns‚

kmZr-iy-tØmSpw GIo- -hn-°pw. \mw C\n ]m]-

Øn\p ASn-a-s∏-Sm-sX-hÆw ]m]-i-co-c-Øn\p

\o°w htc-≠-Xn\p \ΩpsS ]gb a\p-jy≥

Ah-t\m-Sp-IqsS Iqin-°-s∏´p F∂p \mw

Adn-bp-∂p (tdm-a. 6:5˛6).

4. kam]\w. ]m] ]cnlmcw F∂ hnj-b-Øn¬ a‰p

kn≤m-¥-ß-sf√mw `mKnIkXy-ßƒ amX-am-Wv.

InkvXp \ΩpsS ÿm\Øp acWw A\p- -hn-°pI

F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p InkvXp-hns‚ ac-W-Øns‚ ][m\

e£y-sa∂p ss__nƒ hy‡-am-°p-∂p. ]Xn-]-I-c-

]m]]cnlmcw hnizm-k-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-sem-

∂mbn AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p.

III. hos≠-Sp∏ v: ]mb-›n-Ø-Øns‚ (]m] ]cnlmc-

Øn-s‚) ]m]-tØm-Sp≈ _‘w.

hos≠-Sp∏v ssZh-tØmSpw a\p-jy-t\mSpw tN¿∂n-cn-

°p-∂-Xm-sW-¶nepw, InkvXp-hns‚ _en-b¿∏-W-

Øns‚ ]m]-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn-ep≈ ][m\


2 CXns‚ A¿∞w Hcp-]t£ ]m]-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬\ap°v ]tbm-P\w D≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa-∂m-Wv. F∂m¬InkvXp acn®v ]m]w F∂ ]tbm-P\w D≠m-°p-hm-\-√.F∂n-cp-∂mepw InkvXp acn®v \ΩpsS Ip‰w Gs‰-SpØvAXm-bXv Hcp ]I-c-°m-c-\mbn Xo¿∂p F∂p A¿∞-amWvCu ]kvXm-h-\sb IqSp-X¬ hy‡-X-bp-≈-Xm°n Xo¿°p-∂-Xv. Ah≥ \ΩpsS Ip‰w hln®p (K-em-Xy¿ 1: 4 ImWpI).

119

Imcyan-Xm-Wv. InkvXp hos≠-Sp∏p hne sImSp-°p-

Ibpw a\p-jys\ ]m]-Øns‚ ASn-a-ØØn¬ \n∂p

hnSp-hn°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. InkvXp \sΩ ]m]-Øn¬

\n∂p hos≠-SpØp F∂p ]d-™m¬ Ah≥ \sΩ

hne°p hmßn-sb-∂mWv. IqSp-X¬ hy‡-ambn ]d-

™m¬ Hcp _µn-sb-tbm, ASn-a-sb-tbm, Hcp bp≤-

Ø-S-hp-Im-c-s\tbm tamN-\-Zhyw sImSpØp hos≠-

Sp-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse InkvXp \sΩ hne-sIm-SpØp ]m]-

Øns‚ (\ym-b-]-am-W-Øns‚ im]-Øn-s‚) ASn-aØ-

Øn¬ \n∂p hne-bv°p-hmßn. hos≠-Sp-∏n¬ c≠p

Imcy-ßƒ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂p hne \¬Ip-∂Xpw

]q¿Æ-amb A¿∞-Øn¬ ASn-asb tamNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-

am-Wv.

hos≠-Sp-s∏∂ hm°n\p aqe- m-j-bn¬ c≠p ]Z-Ip-

Spw-_-Øn¬ Dƒs∏´ hnhn[ cq]-Øn-ep≈ \nc-h[n

hm°p-I-fp-≠v.- Im-cWw, hos≠-Sp∏v (redemption)]pcm-X-\-tem-I-Øn¬ km[m-c-W-bmbn D]-tbm-Kn-®p-

sIm-≠n-cp∂ hm°p-I-fn-eqsS Bfp-Iƒ Bib hn\n-

abw \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. CXns‚ euInIhpw Bflob-

hp-amb D]-tbm-K-ß-sf-∏‰n ]Tn-°p-∂Xv klm-b-I-c-

amWv. ]pXnb \nba Fgp-Øp-Im¿ euInI-ambn D]-

tbm-Kn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ Hcp hms°-SpØv AXn\v Hcp

thZ-im-kvX]-c-am-b- A¿∞w \¬In.

A. AtKm-dmtkm(Inbm) ˛ hos≠-Sp-°pI, hne-

sImSpØp hmßpI

1. euInIamb D]-tbmKw ---- ˛ AtKm-dmtkm AtKm-d-

bpambn ""N¥-ÿew'' (]hr. 17:17). _‘-s∏-ń-cn-

°p∂p. I®-h-Sw D-d-∏n-°p∂Xn\p km[m-c-W-bmbn D]-

tbm-Kn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Hcp hm°m-WnXv. 3 `h-\-

ßƒ, tKmXº,v ASn-a-Iƒ Ch-sbms° hmßp-∂-Xn\v

CXv D]-tbm-Kn-®Xns‚ At\-Iw -sX-fnhpIfp-≠v.

AtKm-dmtkm ASn-a-Isf hmßp-∂-Xn-\p-]-tbm-Kn-°p-

sa-¶nepw, s]mXp-hmbn hmß-en-\p-]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ Hcp

ASn-ÿm\ ]-Z-am-WnXv. 4

2. ssZhhN-\-Ønse D]-tbmKw ˛ sk]v‰z-Pn‚n¬

AtKm-dmtkm D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv s]mXp-hmbn

Fs¥-¶n-ep-sams° hmßp-∂-Xn-\m-Wv. (D-Zm-l-cWw

tbmtk- ns‚ ktlm-Z-c-∑m¿ Ah-\n¬ \n∂p [m\yw

hmßp∂p Dev]. 41˛46 A≤ym-b-ßƒ) D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂

Isø-gpØv ]Xn-°-\p-k-cn®v ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬

AtKm-dmtkm 30˛31 ]mhiyw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p-≠v.

AXns‚ A¿∞w hmßpI, taSn-°pI XpS-ßn-b-h-

bm-Wv. km[m-c-W-bmbn ssZhim-kvX]-c-ambpw A√m-

sXbpw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p-≠v. (D-Zm. Hcp hb-tem,

\n[ntbm hmßpI aØm. 13:44, 46; 27:7; `£Ww˛

aØmbn 14:15, tbip-hns‚ ih-kw-kv°m-c-Øn-\m-h-iy-

amb kpK-‘-h¿§w˛a¿t°mkv 15:46; 16:1; ssZhm-e-b-

Øn¬ hn¬°p-∂-hcpw hmßp-∂-hcpw˛a¿t°m. 11:15;

\nehpw Imfbpw eqt°mkv 14:18˛19).

AtKm-dmtkm F∂ hm°v At\Iw ]mhiyw ]pXnb

\nba Fgp-Øp-Im¿ hnizm-kn-I-fpsS c£-tbm-Sp≈

_‘-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p (1 sImcn. 6:20, 7:

23; shfn. 5:9; 14:3, 4). Cu hmIy-ß-fn-se√mw \mw

ImWp-∂Xv hos≠-Sp∏v `qX-Im-e-Øn¬ kw -hn-®-Xm-

bn-´m-Wv. c£n-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-h-tcm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬

AtKm-dmtkm Hcp ]mhiyw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂p

( 2 ]sXm. 2:1).

... -\n-ßsf hnebv°p hmßn-bn-cn-°-bm¬

(1 sImcn. 6:20).

]pkvXIw hmßp-hm\pw AXns‚ apZ s]mń-

∏m\pw \o tbmKy≥; \o Adp-°-s∏´p \ns‚

c‡w-sIm≠v k¿∆ tKmX-Ønepw mj-bnepw

hwi-Ønepw PmXn-bn¬ \n-∂p-≈-hsc ssZh-

Øn\p hnebv°p hmßn'' (sh-fn. 5:9).

F∂m¬ I≈-]-hm-N-I-∑mcpw P\-Øns‚ CS-

bn¬ D≠m-bn-cp∂p. Aßs\ \nß-fpsS CS-

bnepw Zpcp-]-tZ-jvSm-°-∑m¿ D≠mIpw; Ah¿

\m-i-I-c-amb aX-t -Z-ßsf \pg-bn®p Xßsf

hne°p hmßnb \mYs\ X-≈n-∏-d™v

Xßƒ°p-Xs∂ ioL-\miw hcpØpw

(2 ]sXm. 2:1).

3. kam]\w: ""NneXv hmßp-∂-Xn\v'' D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂

Hcp km[m-cW hm°mWv AtKm-dm-tkm. Bfp-Isf

taSn-°p-∂-Xn\p CXv D]-tbm-Kn°mw F∂m¬ hkvXp-

°ƒ hm-ßp -∂-Xn -t\mSp _‘-s∏-´mWv CXp

km[mcWbmbn D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp-≈X.v hne-sIm-SpØv

hmßp-∂-Xn\pw (InkvXp-hns‚ XI¿∂ ico-chpw Hgp-

Inb c‡-hpw) AXns‚ ê-ambn kw -hn-°p∂ DS-

a-ÿm-h-Im-i-Øn-ep≈ am‰-Øn\pamWv AtKm-dmtkm

]m[m\yw sImSp-°p-∂-Xv. XpS¿∂p hcp∂ hos≠-Sp-

∏n\v D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ Nne hm°p-I-sf-t∏mse CXv

ASn-a-Ø-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ tamN\w F∂ Bi-b-Øn\p

henb ]m[m\yw \¬Ip-∂n-√. AXp-sIm≠v Ahn-

izm-kn-I-fpsS hos≠-Sp-∏n-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬

3. James Hope Moulton and George illigan, The Vocabulary ofthe Greek Testament ( 1930; Glasgow, Scotland: Hodder andStroughton Limited, 1972) 6.

4 Leon Morrsi, The Apostolic Preaching of the Cross, 3 rd ed.(1965; Grand Rapids: Wm B. Eerdman publishing Co. 1980)53- 55.


120

D]tbm-Kn-°p-hm≥ A\p-tbm-Py-amb hm°m-Wn-Xv.

InkvXp hos≠-Sp∏p hne \¬In. Ahsc hne \¬In

kz¥-am°nsb¶nepw Ahsc tamNn∏n®n√

B. FIvkm-tKm -dmtkm(Inbm) ˛ Cu hm°v

AtKmdmtkm-bpsS apºn¬ FIvkv (]p-d-tØ-°v)

tN¿Ø XmWv. CXns‚ A¿∞w ""hos≠-Sp-°pI''

""hmßpI'' XpS-ßn-b-h-bm-Wv.

1. euInI-ambn (s]m-Xp-hm-b) D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂ -Xns‚

Nne ]›m-Ø-e-ßfn¬, \jvS-s∏-´p-t]mb NneXv

XncnsI hmßpI F∂ A¿∞-amWv Cu hm°n-\p-

≈Xv. ssZh-im--kvX-⁄-∑m-cpsS A`n-]m-b-a-\p-k-cn®v

InkvXp Hcn-°¬ X\n-°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂-hcpw F∂m¬

]m]-Øn\p ASn-a-I-fmbnØo¿∂-h-cp-amb P\sØ

hne-bv°p-hmßn. 5

2. ]pXnb \nb-a -Øn¬ FIvkm-tKm -dmtkm

4 ]mhiyw amXsa D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p≈q. ka-b-Øns‚

DS-ÿm-h-Imiw ImØpkq£n-°p-hm≥ Hcp hne

sImSp-°p-∂-Xn-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-Øn-emWv 2 ]mhiyw

D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv (k-abw hos≠-°pI) (F-s^.

5:16; sImsem. 4:5).

tijn-°p∂ 2 ]tbm-K-ßƒ c£-bpsS D]-tZ-i-tØm-

Sp≈ _‘-Øn-¬ ]m[m\ya¿ln°p∂p. InkvXp

hnizm-kn-Isf \ymb-]-am-W-Øns‚ im]-Øn¬ \n∂p

hne-°p-hm-ßn-sb-∂mWv Ah ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv (K-em.

3:13; 4:5). CXv ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p hos≠-Sp-°p∂p F∂p

]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bmWv. ImcWw, ]m]-amWv \ymb-

]-am-W-Øns‚ im]-Øns‚ Imc-Ww. Cu c≠p thZm-

K-ß-fnepw hos≠-Sp∏v hnizm-kn-I-tfm-Sp≈ _‘-

Øn¬ kw`-hn®p Ign-™-Xm-bn-´mWv ImWp-∂Xv.

ImcWw InkvXp hos≠-Sp∏p hne \¬In-bn-cn-°p∂p.

AXp-sIm≠v hnizm-kn-Iƒ \ymb-]-am-W-Øns‚ im]-

Øn¬ \n∂p tamN\w t\Sn°gn-™p. (\ym-b-]-am-W-

Øn\p Xs∂ am‰w kw -hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p).

InkvXp \ap-°p-th≠n im]-am-bn-Øo¿∂p

\ymb-]-am-W-Øns‚ im]-Øn¬ \n∂p \sΩ

hnebv°p hmßn (K-em.13:13).

Ah≥ \ymb-]-am-W-Øn¬ Iogp-≈-hsc

hnebv°p hmßn-bn- v.... (K-em. 4:5).

AtKm-dm-tkm-bn¬ \n∂p hn`n-∂-ambn FIvkm-tKm-

dmtkm hnizm-kn-I-tfm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ amX-amWv

D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv, amX-a√ AXv ]q¿Æ-amb

hnSp-X-ens\ ImWn-°p-∂p. ]pd-tØ°v F∂p≈

A¿∞-Øn¬ FIvkv D]-tbm-Kn-°p-tºm-gmtWm

AtXm D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂Xns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Ønepw

hnj-b-hn-h-c-Øn-ep-amtWm tamN\w F∂ Nn¥ A[n-

I-ambn hcp-∂-sX∂p Xocp-am-\n-°p-hm≥ _p≤n-ap- m-

Wv. FIvkm-tKm-dmtkm F∂ hm°n-t\mSv tN¿∂p-

h-cp-tºmƒ A¿∞w hne-bv°p-hm-ßp-I, ]pd-tØ-°p-

sIm-≠p-h-cnI F∂m-Wv.

C. eqtSm (In-b)- Cu hm°v hy‡-am°p∂ A¿

∞w kzX-¥-am-Ip-∂Xn\p-th≠n adp-hne sImSp-°pI

F∂m-Wv. CXns‚ A¿∞w ""adp-hne sImSp--°pI,''

""hos≠-Sp°pI''.

1. temI-]-c-amb (s]m-Xp-hm-b) D]-tbm-K-Øn¬ eqtSm

A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv ap≥t] kz¥-am-bn-cp-∂-Xns\

ho≠pw hmßpI F∂ Bi-b-Øn-emWv DZm-l-c-W-

ß-fn¬ Xmsg∏d-bp-∂-hbpw Dƒs∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. ""]W-

bw-h® ]pX∏v CXp-hsc ]W-b-°m-c-\n¬ \n∂p

hos≠-Sp-Øn- n√'' ""Fs‚ hkvXp-hI Zb-hmbn hos≠-

Sp-°pI''6 ho≠pw hmßpI F∂ BibØn\p IqSp-

X¬ ][m\yw Ds≠∂p amX-a√ eqtSm ASn-a-Isf

kzX¥am°p-∂-Xn\v \¬Inb hnebv°pw ]m[m\yw

\¬Ip∂p. H∂mw \q‰m-≠n¬ Bsc-¶nepw Cu hm°v

tI´m¬ Ah≥ kzm`m-hn-I-ambn Nn¥n-°p-∂Xv ASn-

a-Isf ASn-a-Ø-Øn¬ \n∂p tamNn-∏n-°p-hm≥

\¬Inb hos≠-Sp∏p hne-sb-bmsW∂p tamdnkv ]Tn-

∏n-°p-∂p.7 _µn-Isf hnSp-hn-°p-hm≥ tamN-\-aqeyw

\¬Ip∂ Bi-b-sØ-°p-dn®p tPmko -kn¬ \n∂v

D≤-cn-°p-∂Xp i≤n-°pI ""Ahs‚ (a-lm-\mb

sltcm-Zm-hn-s‚) ktlm-Z-c\p F¥p-kw- -hn®p F∂p

Adn-bmsX Xs‚ iXp-°-fpsS Iøn¬ \n∂p Ahs\

hos≠-Sp-°p-hm≥ (eyq-tSm) Ah≥ XnSp°w ImWn-

®p, Ahs‚ hos≠-Sp∏p hne-bmbn 300 Xme¥v sImSp-

°p-hm≥ Hcp-°-hp-am-Wv.8

euInIamb D]-tbm-K-Øn¬ Hcp _µn-bp-sS, XS-hp-

Im-cs‚ ASn-a-bpsS kzmX-¥y-Øn-\p-th≠n \¬Ip∂

hne-bv°mWp eqtSm ]m[m\yw \¬Ip-∂-Xv. eqtSm

]Z-Ip-Spw-_-Øns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬, euInI-amb

A¿∞-Øn¬ Hcp hos≠-Sp∏v hne \¬Ip∂ Bi-b-

Øn¬ eqtSm ]p-Xnb \nb-a-Øn¬ ImWmw. 9

2. eqtSm ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ 3 ÿeØv ImWp∂p


5. Moulton and Milligan 220; and Walter Baur, The Greek- Eng-lish Lexicon of the New Testament and other Early ChristianLiterature, trans. Wm. F. Arndt and Wibur Gingrich (Chicago:University of Chiago Press, 1957) 271

6. Moulton and Milligan 3837. Moris 148. Josephus, The works of josephus, trnas, William Whiston(Peabody, Massachusetts: Hendrickson Publishers, 1985) 308.9. eqt°m. 1:68, 2:38, 24:21 F∂o thZ- m-K-ß-fn¬ hos≠-

121

(eq-t°m. 24:21; XotØm. 2:14; 1 ]sXm. 1:18- 19)

Ah≥ \sΩ kIe A[¿Ω-Øn¬ \n∂pw

hos≠-SpØv k¬]-hrØn-I-fn¬ ipjv°m-¥n-

bp-s≈mcp kz¥-P-\-ambn X\n°p ip≤o-I-cn-

t°-≠-Xn\p Xs∂-Øm≥ \ap -°p-th≠n

sImSpØp. (Xo-sØm. 2:14).

hy¿∞hpw ]nXr-]m-c-º-cy-hp-am-bp≈ \nß-

fpsS \S-∏n¬ \n∂p \nßsf hos≠-Sp-Øn-cn-

°p-∂Xp s]m∂v, sh≈n apX-emb Agn-™p-

t]m-Ip∂ hkvXp-°-sf-s°m-≠-√,- InkvXp

F∂ \n¿t±m-jhpw \njvI-f-¶-hp-amb Ip™m-

Sns‚ hne-tb-dnb c‡w sIm≠sX F∂p

\nßƒ Adn-bp-∂p-h-t√m ( 1 ]sXm. 1:18- 19).

Cu c≠v thZ- m-K-ßfpw i≤n-°pI hos≠-Sp∏p hne-

sb-°p-dn®v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. XosØm. 2:14- ¬ \mw

ImWp-∂Xv InkvXp Xs∂-Øm≥ \ap-°p-th≠n

sImSpØp F∂m-Wv. 1 ]sXm. 1:18 ˛ ¬ ImWp-∂Xv

hos≠-Sp-∏n\v ASn-ÿm-\-ambn hne-bmbn \¬In-b-Xv

Xs‚ hne-tb-dnb c‡-amWv. B[p-\nI Nn¥-I-∑m¿

Icp-Xp-∂Xv hos≠-Sp-s∏∂p ]d-™m¬ shdpsX hnSp-

X-se∂p amX-amsW∂mWv. AXn\p hnSp-X-en-t\mSp

_‘-ap≠v. F∂m¬ hnSp-X¬ e`n-°p-hm≥ \¬Inb

hnebpw ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ ]m[m-\y-tØmsS ]d-

™n-cn-°p-∂p. XosØmkv 2 epw 1 ]sXmkv 1 ˛ epw

hnizm-kn°v `qX-Im-e-Øn¬ hos≠-Sp∏p kw`-hn-®-

Xmbn tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p. 1 ]sXm. 1:18˛19 thZ-

`m-KØv G‰hpw hy‡-amb \ne-bn¬ CXp tcJ-s∏-

Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. (Xo-sØm. 2˛¬ ]m]-Øns‚ i‡n-

bn¬ \n∂p hnizm-kn°v Ct∏mƒ e`n-°p∂ hnSp-X-

en-s\bpw Dƒs°m-≈n-®n-cn-°p∂p).

\jvS-s∏- p-t]m-b-h¿ ]m]-Øns‚ Zmk-∑mcpw (tbml.

8:34; tdma. 6:6, 14, 17; 20; 7:14) ac-W- o-Xn-bpsS ASn-a-I-

fp-am-bn- mWv (F_mb¿ 2: 14˛15) ss__nƒ NnXo-I-

cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬ temI-]-c-amb

eyqtSm ]Z-Ip-Spw-_sØ km[m-cWbmbn ASn-a-

IfpsS hnSp-X-en-\mWv D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. amX-a-√,

ss__n-fn¬ ImWp-∂Xv a\p-jy≥ ]m]-Øns‚ ASn-

a-bm-bn- m-Wv, amX-a√ XotØmkv 2 epw 1 ]sXm. 1

epw \mw ImWp-∂Xv apºn-esØ ZpjvS-X-bn¬10

\n∂p≈ hnSp-X-en-s\-bm-Wv. ssZh-h-N\w Fgp-Xn-b-

h¿ hos≠-Sp-∏ns\ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-hm-\p≈ hm°p-

Iƒ Xncn-s™-Sp-Ø-t∏mƒ, Hcp XS-h-Im-c-s\tbm

ASna-sbtbm adp-hne \¬In hos≠-Sp-°p∂ NnX-

am-bn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS a\- n-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. InkvXp

adp-hne \¬In ]m]-Øns‚ ASn-a-Isf hmßn Ahsc

kzX-¥-cm-°n.

AtKm-dmtkm hos≠-Sp-∏p-hn-e-sbbpw DS-a-ÿ- ssI-

am-‰-sØbpw Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p∂p F∂m¬ hnSp-X-en-

s\-∏‰n H∂pw ]d-bp-∂n√ AXp-sIm≠mWp c£n-°-

s∏-Sm-Ø-h-sc°pdn®v CXv D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂Xv. eqtSm

hnebpw hnSp-Xepw Hcp-t]mse Du∂n∏dbp∂p. AXp-

sIm≠v CXv Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ D]-

tbm-Kn-®n- n√.

D. eqtSm¨ (\m-aw) CXns‚ A¿∞w ""adp-hne'' ""hnSp-

X¬ Dd-∏m-°p-hm≥ \¬Ip∂ hne''

1. euInIamb D]-tbm-K-Øn¬, ]pcm-X\ temI-Øn¬

ASn-a-Isf kzX-¥-cm-°m≥ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp∂ hmß¬

hnesb Nq≠n-°m-Wn-®n-cp∂p.11 tPmko -kns‚ cN-

\-I-fn¬ At\Iw `mK-ßƒ eqtSm¨ ""hos≠-Sp∏p

hne'' sb∂ \ne-bn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p. 12

2. ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ 2 ]mhiyw eqtSm¨ tc-J-

s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. c£-sb∂ D]-tZ-i-Øn¬ Cu

c≠p thZ-`m-K-ßfpw hfsc ]m[m\yw A¿ln-

°p∂XmWv. Cu c≠p thZ-`m-K-ßfpw ]Xn-]-

Ic]m]]cnlmcsØ hfsc hy‡-ambn ]Tn-∏n-°p-

∂-Xm-Wv.

a\p-jy-]p-X≥ ipiq-j -sN-øn-∏m-\-√, ipiq-

jn-∏m\pw At\-I¿°p-th≠n Xs‚ Pohs\

adp-hn-e-bmbn sImSp-∏m-\pw h∂-Xp-t]mse

Xs∂ F∂p ]d-™p(a-Øm. 20:28).

a\p-jy-]p-X≥ ipiqj sNøn-∏m-\√ ipiq-jn-

∏m\pw At\-I¿°p-th≠n Xs‚ Pohs\ adp-

hn -e-bmbn sImSp -∏m\pw AsX h∂-Xv

(a¿t°mkv 10:45).

InkvXp ]Tn-∏n® adp-hne Xs‚ Poh-\mWv. B‚n

(Anti) -F-∂Xv ""\ap°v ]I-c-ambn'' \ΩpsS ÿm\Øv

Hcp ]I-c-°m-c≥ F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ \mw a\- n¬

Icp-Xp-tºmƒ hne F∂ Bibw i‡n-bmbn

Db¿∂p-hcpw. Ahs‚ Poh≥ \ap°p ]I-c-ambn


Sp∏p hne-sb-∏‰n ]cm-a¿i-an-√. F∂m¬ Cu hmIy-ßƒbnkm-tb-ens‚ tZiob-amb hos≠-Sp-∏n-s\-°pdn®mWp]mYanIambn ]d-bp-∂-Xv.10 XotØmkv 2:14 ImWp-∂Xv Ah≥ ""kIe A[¿Ω-Øn¬

\n∂pw'' hos≠-SpØp F∂m-Wv. 1 ]sXm. 1:18- ¬ ImWp-∂Xv hy¿∞hpw ]nXr- ]m-c-º-cy-hp-am-bp-ff \nß-fpsS \S-∏n¬ \n∂p'' hos≠-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p-sb-∂m-Wv.11. Moulton and Milligan - 382-383; Baur, Arndt, and Gingrich483-84.12. Gerhard Kittel, ed., Theological Dictionary of the New Tes-tament, Vol. 4, trans. Geoffey W. Bromiley (Grand Rapids: Wm.B. Eerdman publishing Co.,1967) 340.

122

adphn-e-bmbnØo¿∂p. AXv \ΩpsS ÿm\Øpw

\sΩ hne-°p-hm-ßp-hm-\p-am-Wv.

E. eqtSm-knkv (\m-aw)

Cu hm°v ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ hos≠-Sp-∏n-\p -th≠n

3 ]mhiyw amXw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂p (eq-t°m. 1:

68; 2:38; F_m. 9:12). Cu hm°pw XpS¿∂p hcp∂

As∏meqtSm-knkv F∂ kwL-SnX cq]-hp-ambn

tN¿Øv ]Tn-°m-hp-∂-XmW.v F_m. 9:12 ""Ft∂-°p-

ap≈ hos≠-Sp∏v'' F∂p ImWp-∂Xv hfsc ]m[m-

\y-ap-≈-Xm-Wv. ]m]-Øns‚ ASn-a-Ø-Øn¬ \n∂v Hcn-

°¬ InkvXp \sΩ kzX-¥-cm-°n-bm¬ ÿm\o-b-

ambn ]ns∂ Hcn-°epw ]m]-Øns‚ ASna\pI-Øns‚

Iogn¬ BIp-∂n-√. Hcp hnizmkn ]ns∂bpw ]m]sØ

tkhn-°p-hm≥ km[y-X-bp-≠v. F∂m¬ Ah≥ Hcn-

°epw ]m]-Øns‚ Zmk≥ BIp-∂n-√. kºq¿Æhpw

\ne-\n¬°p-∂-Xp-amb hnSp-X¬ InkvXp-hns‚ Iqip

aqew e`n®p ""hos≠-Sp∏v'' F∂v eqtSm-knkv ]cn- m-

j-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ e`n-°p-∂Xv ""Hcp hne \¬In

hnSpX¬ t\Sp∂p'' F∂ Bi-b-am-Wv.

F. As∏meqtSm-knkv (\m-aw)

Cu ]Zw sIm≠v A¿∞am°p∂Xv

1. ]pcm-X\ atX-XctemI-Øn¬ As∏meqtSm-knkv

XpS¿®-bmbn D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂p. Hcp hne \¬In

_µnIsf, ASn-a-Isf hnSp-hn°p∂-Xn-s\-bmWv CXv

D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv.13. ASn-a-ØØnembn-cn-°p∂

\K-c-ßsf hnSp-hn-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn πq´m¿°v CXv D]-

tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.14 Xs‚ hos≠-Sp-∏n\v Bcp-an-√m-Ø-

Xn-\m¬ Bfl-lXy sNbvX Hcp ASn-a-sb-°p-dn®v

^ntem ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p.15 Hmtcm hy‡n°pw "20

Z“'hne-bmbn \¬In bp≤-Ø-S-hp-Imsc hnSp-hn-°p-

∂-Xn-t\mSp≈ _‘Øn¬ Acnkv‰nbmkns‚ teJ-

\-Øn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p.16 ""500 Xme-¥n-e-

[n-I-ambn'' hne \¬In XS-hp-Imsc tamNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv.

tPmko^kv Hcp mKØv ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p.17 Cß-s\-

bp≈ ]›m-Ø-e-ß-fn¬ hne-sIm-SpØp hmßpI

F∂ Nn¥-bmWv km[m-c-W-bmbn hcp-∂-Xv. As∏m

eqtSm-knkv F∂ hm°v ImWp-tºmƒ BZy hmb-\-

°m¿°v Hcp kwi-bhpw D≠m-bn-cp -∂n-√, Hcp

_µnbpsS/ASnabpsS ÿnXnsb°pdn®p Ah¿

Nn¥n®p. a‰p Nne¿ hne \¬In-b-Xns‚ ^e-ambn

Hcp hy‡n kzX-¥-\m-Ip-∂p.

2. As∏meqtSm-knkv ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ 10 ]mhiyw

ImWp-∂p. km[m-c-W-bmbn hnSpX¬ t\Sp∂Xn\p

th≠n-bp≈ hne ]tXy-I-ambn ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p

(c‡w tdma. 3:24˛25; Fs^. 1:7; sImsem. 1:14 18; ac-

Whpw c‡hpw F_m-b¿ 9:12, 15; Fs^. 1:14, ]›m-

Ø-e-a-\p-k-cn®v).

Ahs‚ Ir]-bm¬ InkvXp-tb-ip-hn¶se

hos≠-Sp∏p aqew kuP-\yam-bsX \oXo-I-

cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. hnizkn-°p-∂-h¿°v Ahs‚

c‡w- aqew ]mb-›n-Ø-am-Ip-hm≥ ssZhw

Ahs\ ]c-ky-ambn \ndp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

(tdma¿ 3:24˛25).

Ah-\n¬ \ap°p Ahs‚ c‡-Øm¬ AXn-

I-a-ß-fpsS tamN-\-sa∂ hos≠Sp∏v D≠v .....

(F-s^. 1:7).

AXp-\n-anØw BZy-\n-b-a-Ønse ewL-\-ß-

fn¬ \n∂p≈ ho-s≠-Sp-∏n-\mbn Hcp acWw

D≠m-bn´p \nXym-h-Im-i-Øns‚ hmKvZØw hnfn-

°-s∏- -h¿°v e`n-t°-≠-Xn\p Ah≥ ]pXn-b-

\n -b -a -Øns‚ a≤y-ÿ≥ BIp∂p

(F-_m. 9:15).

adp-hne F∂v D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ hm°ns‚ ]pcm-

X-\-amb km[m-cW D]-tbmKw X∂n-cn-°p-tºmƒ, hne

\¬Ip-∂-Xns\°pdn®mWp ss__n-fnse s]mXp-

hmb ]Tn-∏n-°¬ \¬Ip-tºmƒ, hnesb Du∂n∏-d-

™n-cn-°p∂ Cu thZ`m-K-ß-fpsS shfn-®-Øn¬

hos≠-Sp-∏ns‚ euInIamb Bi-b-tØmSv ssZh-im-

kvX-]-c-amb hos≠-Sp-s∏∂ Bibw ASp-Øp-h-cp-

∂p. ]m]-Øns‚ ASn-a-I-fm-bn-cp-∂-hsc AhnsS \n∂p

hnSp-hn®p kzX-¥-cm-°p-hm≥ th≠n InkvXp hos≠-

Sp∏phne -\¬In. ac-W-Øn-eqsS \¬Inb Xs‚ Poh-

\pw XI¿∂ ico-chpw Nn¥nb c‡hpambncp∂p

AXns‚ hne.

hos≠-Sp∏v `qX-Im-e-Øn¬ kw -hn-®-Xmbpw km[m-c-

W-bmbn ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ ImWmw. As∏m-eq-tSm-

knkv mhn-bn¬ \S-°p-hm≥ t]m-Ip∂ hos≠-Sp-∏ns\

ImWn-°p-hm≥ 3 ]mhiyw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p

(tdma. 8:23; Fs^. 1:14; Fs^. 4:30). hos≠-Sp-∏n\v

Hcp mhn-Imehi-ap≠v. ImcWw, ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂pw

AXns‚ F√m kzm[o-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂p-ap≈ ]q¿Æ-

amb hnSp-X¬ (kzm-X¥yw) \ΩpsS ico-c-Øn¬ kw -

hn-°p-∂Xv `mhn-bn-em-Wv. Cu ho£W tImWn¬


13 Baur, Arndt, and Gingrich 95; Moris 16.14 Ibid. 1615 Ibid. 16-1716 Ibid.17 Ibid

18 aqe-K-Ÿ-Øn¬ c‡w F∂p ImWp-∂n-s√-¶n¬, kam-¥-c-

th-Z- m-K-amb Fs^. 1:1:7 A\p-k-cn®v hos≠-Sp∏v hne c‡w-

X-s∂-bmWv.

123

\n∂p t\m°p-tºmƒ, hnizm-kn-Iƒ Xß-fpsS

]q¿Æamb hos≠-Sp∏v `mhn-bn¬ kw`-hn-°p-∂-Xp

ImØncn°p∂p.

Bflm-sh∂ BZy-Zm\w e`n-®n-cn-°p∂ \mapw

\ΩpsS ico-c-Øns‚ hos≠-Sp-∏mb ]pX-Xz-

Øn\p ImØp-sIm≠v D≈n¬ Rc-ßp∂p

(tdm-a¿ 8:23).

Xs‚ kz¥ P\-Øns‚ hos≠-Sp-∏n-\p-th≠n

Xs‚ al-Xz-Øns‚ ]pI-gvN-bv°m-bn v \ΩpsS

Ah-Im-i-Øns‚ A®m-c-ambn hmKvZ-Ø-Øn≥

]cn-ip -≤m-flm-hn -\m¬ apZ-bn -´n -cn -°p∂p

(F-s^. 1:14).

ssZh-Øns‚ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ Zp:Jn∏n-°-

cpXv. Ah-\m-et√m \nßƒ°v hos≠-Sp∏p

\mfn-\mbn apZ-bn- n-cn-°p-∂Xv (F-s^. 4:30).

ho-≠p-∏ns‚ `mhn-ImehisØ \mw ImØn-cn-t°-≠-

Xm-Wv. F∂mepw CXv ASn-ÿm-\-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv qX-

Im-e-Øn¬ Iqin¬ \¬Inb hne-bnepw hnizmkn

c£n-°-s∏´ ka-bØv A\p- -hn®p Ign™ hnSp-X-

en-ep-am-Wv. ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ \mw IqSp-X¬ ImWp-

∂Xv hos≠-Sp∏v `qX-Im-e-Øn¬ kw`-hn-®Xpw

AXns‚ \∑-Iƒ A\p-`-hn-°p-∂-Xpw- BWv (D-Zm.

Fs^. 1:7) ""\ap°v hos≠-Sp-∏p≠v;'' 1 sImcn. 1:30).

hnizm-kn-Iƒ ]m]-Øns‚ in£-bn¬ \n∂pw hmgvN-

bn¬ \n∂pw hos≠-Sp-°-s∏´pIgn-™n-cn-°p-∂p.

amXa√ \ymb-]-am-W-Øns‚ im]-Øn¬ \n∂pw

hnizmkn hos≠-Sp-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. ]m]Øns‚

km∂n≤yØn¬ \n∂p≈ GsXmcp `mhnIme

hos≠Sp∏ns‚bpw ASnÿm\w CXmWv. 19

F√m ]›m-Ø-e-ß-fnepw As∏meqtSm-knkv ]q¿Æ-

amb hos≠-Sp-∏ns\°pdn®p ]dbp∂p≠v. AXp-

sIm≠v AtKm-dmtkm D]-tbm-Kn-®-Xp-t]mse Ahn-

izm-kn-I-tfm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-hm≥

Ign-bp-∂-X-√. "As∏m' D]-tbm-Kn-®-Xp-sIm≠v hnSp-

X-ens‚ Bgw h¿≤n-°p-∂-Xmbn Nne¿ Nn¥n-°p∂p

("As∏m'A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv hnizmkXymK-Øn-se-

t∏mse XymKw kw -hn-°pI, AI∂p t]mIpI XpS-

ßn-b-h-bm-Wv).20 a‰p-≈-h¿ Nn¥n-°p-∂Xv CXv ssien-

bn-ep≈ Hcp am‰w amX-am-sW∂pw As∏m21 apºn¬

tN¿°p-∂Xp-sIm-≠√ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ \n∂mWv

]q¿Æ-amb hos≠-Sp∏v F∂ Bibw shfn-s∏-Sp-

∂Xpsa-∂mWv.

G. hos≠-Sp∏v ˛ kwKlhpw kam]\hpw

1. hos≠-Sp∏p hne B¿°mWv \¬In-b-sX∂p

ss__nƒ ]d-bp-∂n√. ]nXm-hmb ssZh-Øn\p ]pX-

\mb ssZhw hne \¬In-sb∂p Nne¿ hniz-kn-°p∂p.

kmØms‚ ASn-a-Ø-Øn¬ \n∂p hos≠-Sp-°p-hm≥

InkvXp kmØm\p hne \¬In-sb∂p a‰p-≈-h¿

Nn¥n-°p∂p. Cu ]iv\w ]cn-l-cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-

∂-X-√. ChnsS kzm`m-hn-I-ambn D≠m-hp∂ \nK-a\w

ssZhh-N\w hne F∂ Bi-b-Øn\p Du∂¬ \¬Ip-

∂p-sh-∂m-Wv. Hcp hnSp-Xtem kzmX-¥ytam tamN-

\tam amX-a√ hos≠-Sp∏v. CXv hne(In-kvXp-hns‚

acWw, Ahs‚ c‡w) \¬In t\Snb hntam-N-\-amWv

2. ]m]]cnlmc-Øns‚ ]m]-tØmSp _‘-s∏- hi-

amWv hos≠-Sp∏v. \mw ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p hos≠-Sp-

°-s∏´p (tdm-a. 3:23˛24; sImsem. 1:14), AXn-I-a-ßfn¬

\n∂p hos≠-Sp-°-s∏´p, (Xo-sØm. 2:14), ewL-\-ß-

fn¬ \n∂p hos≠-Sp-°-s∏´p (F-_m. 9:12,15).

hy¿∞hpw ]nXr-]m-c-º-cy-hp-am-bp≈ \nß-fpsS \S-

∏n¬ \n∂p hos≠-Sp-°-s∏´p ( 1 ]sXm. 1:18˛10). \mw

]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p hos≠-Sp-°-s∏´p F∂p≈Xn¬

\n∂p AX hn`n-∂-a√ \ymb-]-am-W-Øns‚ im]-

Øn¬ \n∂p hos≠-Sp-°-s∏´p F∂p≈ D]-tZiw

(K-em. 3:13; 4:5). a\p-jy-s‚-ta¬ \ymb-]-am-W-Øns‚

im]w hcp-hm\pw AXns‚ in£ hcp-hm\pw Imc-W-

am-bXv ]m]-am-Wv. 22

3. ]Z-Ip-Spw-_-ß-fmb "AtKm-dmtkm' "eqsSm' Ch

Hcp-t]m-se-bp-≈-XmWv, F∂m¬ Ch XΩn-ep-≈

sNdnb hyXym-k-ßƒ \ΩpsS hos≠-Sp-∏n-s\-°p-dn-

®p≈ Adnhp h¿≤n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

a. NneXv hmßp-hm\pw ASn-a-Isf hmßp-∂-Xn\pw

AtKm-tdmtkm ]Z-Ip-Spw_w D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-sa-

¶nepw, GsXmcp hkvXp hmßp-∂-Xn\pw km[m-c-W-

bmbn D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ Hcp s]mXp hm°m-Wn-Xv. hne

\¬Ip-∂-Xn-s\bpw DS-aÿ ssIam‰w \S-Øp-∂-Xn\pw

Cu hm°v D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ CXv kzX-¥-


21 Morris22 Kem-Xy¿ 3˛4 A≤ym-b-ß-fp-sSbpw F_m-b¿ 9˛mwA≤ym-b-Øns‚ ]›m-Øew shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-Øp-∂Xvhnizm-kn-Iƒ \ymb-]-am-W-Øns‚ im]-Øn¬ \n∂phne°p hmß-s∏-´p-sb∂p amX-a√ \ymb-]-am-W-Øn¬\n∂p Xs∂ tamNn-∏n-°-s∏´p F∂m-Wv.

19 As∏m-eyq-tSmkv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ thsd c≠p thZ-`m-K-ßƒ eqt°m. 21:28, F_m. 11:35; eqt°m. 21- ¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. hy‡n-I-fpsS hnSp-X-en-\mtWm AsXmCkm-tb-en\p Ah-cpsS iXp-°-fpsS ssIbn¬ \n∂pe`n-°p∂ tZin-b-amb hntam-N-\-am-sWmsb∂p Adn-bp-hm≥ _p≤n-ap- p-≠v.20 Richard Chenevix Trench, Synonyms of the New Testament(1880; Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co.,1976 290.

124

am-Ip-∂-Xns\ Nq-≠n-Im-Wn-°p-Itbm Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°m-

Xn-cn-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂p. apgp-tem-I-Øn-s‚bpw hos≠-

Sp-∏ns\ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-hm≥ Cu hm°v D]-tbm-Kn-

°p∂p (2 ]sXm. 2:1). apgp-h≥ a\p-jy-h¿§-sØbpw

hne hne°p hmßp-∂-Xn\p InkvXp hne \¬In.

ChnsS \¬Inb hne°pw DS-aÿ ssIam-‰-Øn\pw

]m[m\yw sImSp-°p∂p.

b. hkvXp-°ƒ hmßp-∂-Xn\pw eyqsSm ]Z-Ip-Spw_w

D]-tbm-Kn°mw F∂m¬ AtKm-dmtkmsb°mƒ Ipd-

®p-IqSn IrXy-X-bp≈XmWv Imc-Ww CXv km[m-c-W-

bmbn ASn-a-Iƒ, _µn-Iƒ, XS-hp-Im¿ Ch-cpsS tamN-

\-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-\-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. ap≥]p

kz¥-ambn D≠m-bn-cp-∂Xns\ ho≠pw hmßp-∂-Xn\v

CXp hfsc hy‡-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. P\-ßƒ

]m]-Øn\pw ac-W-Øn\pw 23 ASn-a-ØØn-em-sW-

∂pap≈ ]pXnb \nba ]Tn-∏n-°-en-t\mSp hfsc tN¿-

∂n-cn-°p-∂-XmWv. ]pcm-X\ temI-Ønse ASn-a-Isf

hne \¬In hnSp-hn-°p∂ Be-¶mcnI]tbmKw hnSp-

X-en-s\-°p-dn®p ]d-bmØ AtKm-dmtkmt]mse-b√,

eqtSm ]Z-Ip-Spw_w (]p-Xnb \nb-a-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-

®n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse) Ft∏mgpw hnSp-X-ens\ ImWn-

°p -∂p. AXv ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ tamN\w,

kzmX¥yw F∂n-hsb shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p. AXp-

sIm≠v CXv Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ D]-

tbm-Kn-®n- n√. InkvXp \¬Inb hne-bpsS ASn-ÿm-

\-Øn¬ kzmX¥yw, tamN\w F∂n-hsb Dd-∏m-°p-

∂-Xn\pw ]m[m\yw sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p.

IV. \nc-∏v ˛ ]]]cnlmc-Øns‚ am\pjnIXew

A. \nc-∏ns‚ ]›m-Øew

a\p-jy≥ ap≥]pw Ct∏mgpw ssZh-Øns‚ iXp-hm-

sW∂p \nc-∏n-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ hkvXpX ap≥-Iq´n°≠n-

cn-°p∂p. ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ a\p-jys‚ iXpX \nc-

∏n-s\-°p-dn®p ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ thZ- m-K-ß-fn¬ (tdma.

5:10; sImsem. 1:21 22) amX-a√ a‰v At\Iw thZ- m-K-

ß-fnepw ImWmw (eq-t°m. 19:27; tdma. 8:7). ChnsS

"P-U-Øns‚' F∂p ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv Ahn-izm-kn-

I-tfm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn-emWv( 1 sImcn. 15:25; nen. 3:18).

PU-Øns‚ Nn¥ (c-£n-°-s∏-Sm-ØXv) ssZh-

tØmSv iXpXzw BIp∂p. AXv ssZh-Øns‚

\ymb-] -am -W-Øn\p Iog vs∏-Sp -∂n√

Iogvs∏Sphm≥ Ign-bp∂Xpa√ 24 (tdm-a. 8: 7).

Rm≥ ]e-t∏mgpw \nß-tfmSp ]d-™-Xp-t]m-

se, At\-I¿ InkvXp-hns‚ Iqin\p iXp-

°-fmbn \S-°p-∂p-sh∂p Ct∏mƒ Ic-™p-

sIm≠p ]d-bp∂p (^n-en. 3:18).

Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ iXp-X-bnem-

sW∂pamWv A\p- -h-Øn¬ shfn-s∏-Sp∂ kXyw. Cu

NnXw ]q¿Øn-bm-Ip-∂-Xn\p \mw Adn-tb≠ Imcyw

ssZhw Xs‚ iXp-°sf kvt\ln-°p-∂p-sb-∂p-≈-

XmWv (tbml. 3:16; tdma. 5:8). a\p-jy-\mWv ssZh-

tØm-Sp≈ kvt\lw hn´v iXp-hm-b-Xv. Cu iXp-

Xbv°v Imc-W-°m-c≥ a\p-jy-\m-Wv. a\p-jy≥ ssZh-

tØmSp ]pdw-Xn-cn™v ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂v Zqsc

AI∂p. ssZhw Ip‰°m-c-\-√. F∂m¬ a\p-jys‚

iXp-Xz-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn \oXn-tbmSpw hnip-≤n-tbm-Spw-

IqsS ssZhw tIm]n-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v Cu

iXpXzw ssZhhpw a\p-jy\pw XΩn-ep-≈-Xm-sW∂p

]d-bp-∂-Xn¬ sX‰n-√. a\p-jy≥ ssZhsØ iXp-

hmbn ImWp-∂p. F∂m¬ ssZhhpw a\p-jys\ iXp-

hmbnØs∂ ImWp-∂p. F∂m¬ Chn-sS-bp≈

hyXymkw a\p-jy≥ ]m]n-bm-bn- mWv ssZh-tØmSp

iXpXzw sh®p ]pe¿Øp-∂X.v ssZhw a\p-jy-t\mSp

iXpXzw sh®p-]p-e¿Øp-∂Xv Xs‚ `mK-Øp≈

]q¿Æ-amb \oXn-tbm-sS-bm-Wv. a\p-jy\pw ssZh-hp-

am-bp≈ Cu AI∂ iXp-Xz]-c-amb _‘sØ

Im¬h-dn-bnse Iqiv Fßs\ kzm[o\n®psh-∂mWv

\nc-∏ns‚ D]-tZiw ]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂-Xv.

B. "\nc--∏n\p' th≠n ]cn- mj sNø-s∏´ hm°p-I-

fpsS A¿∞w

1. ]pcm-X\ atX-Xc temIØv "\nc∏v' Bcw- n-®Xv

Hcp ]W-]-c-amb ]tbm-K-am-bn- mWv. Hcp Iq´w \mW-

b-ßƒ as‰mcp Iq -hp-ambn ssIam‰w sNø-s∏-Sp-∂p.

(Hcp \mWbw as‰mcp \mWb cq]-Øntem hntZi

\mWb cq]-Øntem B°p-∂p). Ime-I-a-Øn¬ P\-

ßƒ XΩn-ep≈ _‘sØ kqNn-∏n-°p-hm≥ Cu

hm°v D]-tbm-Kn®p h∂p. ]tXy-In®v iXp-XzØn¬


23 ImWpI tbml-∂m≥ 5:24, 8:34, tdma¿ 6:6, 14, 18, 22;7:14, 23; 8:2; 1 sImcn. 15:24˛26; 2 Xnsam. 1:10, F_m. 2:14˛15; 1 tbml. 3:14, F_m. 2:14˛15 thZ- m-KØv hos≠-Sp∏v F∂ IrXy-amb hm°v D]-tbm-Kn-®n- n-√-sb-¶nepwhos≠-Sp∏v F∂ Bibw \¬Ip-∂p.

24 tdma¿ 8: 9- ¬ ImWp-∂Xv PU-Øn¬ hkn-°p-∂-h¿°v]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-s√∂pw Ah¿ InkvXp-hn\p≈h-c-s√-∂p-am-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v ]utem-kns‚ Xs∂ \n¿h-N-\-a-\p-k-cn®v ""PU-Øn¬'' F∂p-≈Xv Cu thZ- m-K-Øns‚]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ c£n-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-h¿ AYhm ssZhm-flmhv C√m-Ø-h-cm-bn-´m-Wv. Cu Imc-W-Øm-emWvhmIyw 7˛¬ ssZh-tØmSp FXn-cm-bn´p \n¬°p∂ssZh-Øns‚ iXp-°-fm-bn v Ahsc am‰n \n¿Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv (lacking reconciliation).25 Morris 215

125

\n∂p kam-[m-\-Øn-te°p P\-ßƒ XΩn-ep≈

_‘-Øn\p kw`-hn® am‰-am-Wv.25 Cu ]tbm-K-

Øns‚ temI-]-c-amb D]-tbm-K-ßƒ Nne cq]-Øn¬

Ct∏m-gp-ap-≠v. ]W-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ "\nc∏v'

Ct∏mgpw D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂p (D-Zm. hc-hp -Nn-e-hp-I-fpsS

\nc-∏v). _‘-ß-fn¬ kw -hn-°p∂ \nc∏v (D-Zm. hnhm-

l-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ ]iv\-ß-f-\p- -hn-°p∂ Zº-Xn-Isf

ho≠pw tbmPn-∏n-°p-∂p)

2. ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬ "\nc∏v' c£-tbm-Sp≈ _‘-

Ønepw A√m-sXbpw ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p.

a. c£-tbmSp _‘-an-√mØ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ _‘-

ßƒ IqSp-X¬ sa®-amb Xe-Øn-te°p am‰p-∂-Xn-s\-

bmWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv. iXp-XzØn¬ \n∂p kam-

[m-\-Øn-te°pw AhnsS \n∂p ASpØ kvt\l-_-

‘-Øn-te°pw amdp-∂p. ChnsS D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂

hm°v "Ub-emtkm' (diallasso) BWv.

""...Cu Bfp-I-fpsS Xe-I-sf-s°m-≠-√msX as‰-

¥p-sIm-≠m-Ip-∂p Ah≥ (Zm-ho-Zv) Xs‚ bP-

am-\s\ (iu¬) ]km-Zn-∏n-°p-∂Xv (U-b-

emtkm) (1 iap. 29:4).

""....H∂m-aXp sN∂p ktlm-Z-c-t\mSp \nc-∂p-

sImƒI (Ubm-emtkm) ]ns∂ h∂p \ns‚

hgn-]mSp Ign° (a-Ømbn 5:24).

"".... -]n-cn™p F∂p hcn-Intem hnhmlw

IqSmsX ]m¿°Ww As√∂p hcn-In¬ ¿Øm-

thmSp \nc∂p sIm≈Ww (Im‰m-emtkm)

(1 sImcn. 7:11).

b. "\nc∏v ' F∂ hm°v D]-tbm-Kn -®n -cn -°p∂

ÿm\sØ√mw iXpXzw F∂ Bi-bhpw ImWp-

hm≥ Ign-bpw. Cu kXyhpw AXn-t\mSp tN¿∂v ssZh-

tØm-Sp≈ a\p-jys‚ iXp-X-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ s]mXp-

hmb ]Tn-∏n-°epw Dd-∏m-°p-∂Xv c£-tbm-Sp≈ _‘-

Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-tºmgpw \nc∏v F∂ hm°n\p

bmsXmcp A¿∞-hy-Xym-k-hp-an-s√-∂m-Wv. iXp-

XzØn¬ \n∂p kam-[m-\-Øn-te°p≈ _‘-Øn\p

am‰w kw -hn-°p∂p F∂mWv CXv kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

iXp-°-fm-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ Xs∂ \ap°v

Ahs‚ ]pXs‚ ac-W-Øm¬ ssZh-tØmSp

\nc∏p h∂p F¶n¬ \nc-∂-tijw \mw

Ahs‚ Poh-\m¬ FX A[n-I-ambn c£n-°-

s∏Spw (tdm-a. 5:10).

apsº Zpjv]-h¿Øn-I-fm¬ a\- p-sIm≠v

"AI-∂-hcpw' "iXp-°-fp-am-bn--cp∂' \nßsf

Ahs‚ apºn¬ hnip-≤cpw \njvI-f-¶cpw Ip‰-

an-√m-Ø-h-cp-ambn \ndp-tØ-≠-Xn\p Ah≥

Ct∏mƒ Xs‚ PU-i-co-c-Øn¬ Xs‚ ac-W-

Øm¬ \nc-∏n®p (sImsem. 1:21- 22)

Ah≥ Ccp-]-£-sØbpw H∂m°n, N -ßfpw

Iev]-\ -I-fpamb \ymb-] -amWw F∂

iXpXzw Xs‚ PU-Øm¬ \o°n th¿]m-Sns‚

\Sn-®p-h¿ CSn-®p-I-f-™v kam-[m\w D≠m-

°ns°m≠v Ccp-]-£-sØbpw X∂n¬ Htc

]pXp a\p-jy-\m°n krjvSn-∏m\pw Iqin-t∑¬

sh®p iXpXzw C√m-Xm°n AXn-\m¬ Ccp-]-

£-sØbpw GI-i-co-c-Øn¬ ssZh-tØmSp

\nc-∏n-∏m\pw Xs∂ 26 (F-s^. 2:14˛16).

sa®-amb \ne-bn-te°p _‘-ßƒ am‰-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\p

ssZh-h-N\w km[m-c-W-bmbn "\nc∏v' F∂ hm°v D]-

tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. iXp-XzØn¬ \n∂pw AI¬®-bn¬

\n∂pw kvt\l-Øn-te°pw kam-[m-\-Øn-te°pw

_‘w amdp-∂p.

C. \nc∏v F∂ D]-tZ-i-Øns‚ hni-Z-hnh-c-ßƒ

1. \nc-∏ns‚ c≠p hi-ßƒ ss__nƒ \¬Ip-∂p.

Iqin¬ \nc-∏ns‚ ]≤Xn qX-Im-e-Øn¬ \nd-thdn.

hniz-kn-°p-Itbm Ahn-iz-kn-°p-Itbm sNøp∂Xn\p

hyXym-k-an-√msX temIw apgp-h≥ \nc-∏n-°-s∏´p.

F∂m¬ ]mtbm-KnI Xe-Øn¬ hy‡n hniz-kn-

°p-tºm-gmWv ssZh-tØmSp \nc∏p ]m]n-°p-∂-Xv.

Cu hnj-b-Øns‚ ][m\ thZ- m-K-ßƒ ]cn-tim-[n-

°p-tºmƒ \nc-∏ns‚ Cu c≠p hi-ßfpw ImWp-hm≥

Ign-bpw. henb A£-c-Øn¬ Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv

km¿h-XnI \nc∏v Iqin¬ kw -hn-®-Xn-s\bpw, sNcn-

s®-gp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv InkvXp-hn¬ c£-bv°mbn Bi-

bn-°p-tºmƒ e`n°p∂ \nc-∏n-s\-bp-amWv.

iXp-°-fm-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ Xs∂ \ap°p

Ahs‚ ]pXs‚ ac-W-Øm¬ ssZh-tØm-Sv

\nc∏v h∂p. F¶n¬ \nc-∂-tijw \mw

Ahs‚ Poh-\m¬ FX A[n-I-ambn c£n-°-

s∏-Spw. AX-bp-a√ \ap°p Ct∏mƒ \nc∏p e`n-

®-Xn\v Imc-W-amb \ΩpsS I¿Øm-hmb tbip-

InkvXp apJm-¥cw ssZh-Øn¬ ]iw-kn-°p-

Ibpw sNøp∂p (tdm-a. 5:10˛11).

InkvXp-hns‚ ac-W-k-a-bØv Xßƒ Hc¿∞-Øn¬

ssZh-tØmSp qX-Im-eØv \nc-∏p -]m-]n-®-h-cm-sW∂p

]utemkv Xs‚ hmb-\-°m-tcmSp ]d-bp∂p. F∂m¬

as‰m-c¿∞-Øn¬ Ct∏mƒ c£-bpsS ka-bØv Ah¿

ssZh-tØmSp \nc∏p ]m]n-®p.


26 Fs^. 2: 14˛16˛¬ (blq-Z-∑mcpw PmXn-Ifpw) XΩnepwa\p-jycpw ssZhhpw XΩn-ep≈ \nc-∏ns\ ImWn-°p-∂p.

126

AXn-s\m-s°bpw ssZhw Xs∂ Imc-W- q-X≥;

Ah≥ \sΩ InkvXp-aqew Xt∂mSp \nc-∏n®p

\nc-∏ns‚ ipiqj Rßƒ X-∂n-cn-°p∂p

ssZhw temI-Øns‚ ewL-\-ßsf IW-°n-

SmsX temIsØ InkvXp-hn¬ Xt∂mSp \nc-

∏n®p t]m∂p. Cu \nc-∏ns‚ hN-\w, Rß-

fpsS ]°¬ -c-ta-ev∏n-®n-cn-°p∂p. BI-bm¬

Rßƒ InkvXp-hn\p th≠n ÿm\-]-Xn-I-

fmbn ssZ-h-tØmSp \nc∂p sImƒhn≥ F∂p

InkvXp -hn\p ]Icw At]-£n-°p∂p

(2 sImcn. 5:18˛20).

apgp-h≥ temI-sØbpw InkvXp aqew ssZhw

Xt∂mSp Xs∂ \nc-∏n-s®-¶nepw, ]utemkv Ah-Im-

i-s∏-Sp-∂Xv Ah≥ (]u-tem-kv) hy‡n-I-tfmSv

A`y¿∞n°p-∂-Xv \nc∏p ]m]n-°p-hm-\m-sW∂mWv.

km¿∆-Xn-I-amb A¿∞-Øn¬ InkvXp-hns‚ Iqip-

aqew ssZh-tØmSp \nc-∏p -]m-]n®p hy‡n-Iƒ°v

hy‡n-]-c-amb \nc∏v \¬Ip∂ ipiq-j-sb-bmWv \nc-

∏ns‚ ipiqj F∂p hnfn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

Ah≥ apJm-¥cw kam-[m\w D≠m°n `qan-bn-

ep-≈tXm kz¿§-Øn-ep-≈tXm kI-e-sØbpw

Ah-s\-s°m≠p Xt∂mSp \nc-∏n-∏m\pw

]nXm-hn\p ]kmZw tXm∂n. apsº Zpjv]-

hrØn-I-fm¬ a\- p-sIm≠v AI-∂-hcpw iXp-

°-fp-am-bn-cp∂ \nßsf Ahs‚ apºn¬ hnip-

≤cpw \njvI-f-¶cpw, Ip‰-an-√m-Ø-h-cp-ambn \ndp-

tØ-≠-Xn\p Ah≥ Ct∏mƒ Xs‚ PU-

i-co-c-Øn¬ Xs‚ ac-W-Øm¬ \nc-∏n®p

(sIm-sem. 1:20˛22).

hmIyw 20 ˛ ¬ ImWp-∂Xv Iqip-aqew e`n® km¿∆-

Xn-I-amb \nc-∏n-s\-bm-Wv. hmIyw 22 ¬ ImWp-∂Xp

c£-bpsS ka-bØv e`n-°p∂ hy‡n-]-c-amb

\nc-∏m-Wv.

2. \nc-∏ns‚ c≠v taJ-e-Iƒ km¿∆-XnI\nc∏pw

hy‡n-]-c-amb \nc∏pw

a. Iqin-emWv km¿∆-XnI \nc∏v kw -hn-®Xv apgp-

tem-Ihpw ssZh-tØmSp \nc-∏n -°-s∏´psh∂p

ss__nƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p-tºmƒ A¿∞-am-°p-∂-sX-

¥mWv? F√m-hcpw c£n-°-s∏-´p-sbs∂m F√m-

h¿°pw ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ iXpXzw amdn-sbt∂m CXn-

\¿∞-an-√. sa®-amb \ne-bn-te°p amdp-hm≥ Ign-bp-

∂-hn[w GXv A¿∞-Øn-emWv Iqiv a\p-jy\v ssZh-

hp-am-bp≈ _‘sØ ]p\-ÿm-]n-®Xv?

2 sImcn. 5:19 Fgp-Xn-b-t∏mƒ Ahn-sS-bmWv AXns‚

]m[m\yw \n¬°p-∂-sX∂p Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ hniz-kn-

®n-cp∂p. ssZhw temI-Øn\p ewL-\-ßsf IW-

°n-SmsX temIsØ InkvXp-hn¬ Xt∂mSp \nc-∏n®p

t]m∂p (2sIm-cn. 5:19). hogvNbv°p apºv, \nXy \c-I-

hp-ambn a\p-jys\ `b-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ ]m]-ap-≠m-bn-

cp-∂n√; hogvN-bv°p-tijw ]m]w temI-Øn-te°p

]th-in-°p-Ibpw a\p-jys‚ \nXy-\m-i-Øn-\p≈

i‡n-tb-dnb ASn-ÿm-\-ambnØocp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

]m]-tØm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ AXv \nXy-amb ac-W-

Øn\p ASn-ÿm-\-ambnØo¿∂-t∏mƒ, Iqiv ssZh-

hp-am-bn-´p-≠m-bn-cp∂ BZy _‘-Øn-te°p a\p-

jysc ho≠pw \nc-∏n®p. AXp-sIm≠v \nXy-a-c-W-

Øn\p Imc-W-amb ]m]sØ Iqiv tXm¬∏n®p,

X∑qew ]m]-a√ Ct∏mgsØ ]iv\w, InkvXp-hns\

\nc-kn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. 27 Hcp hy‡n-bpsS \nXyX Xocp-

am-\n-°p∂ ][m\ LSIw ]m]-a√ tbip-In-kvXp-

hn-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ Hcmƒ F¥p sNøp∂p F∂-

Xn-emWv ssZh-Øn\p Xmev]-cyw. ]cn-an-X-sa-¶nepw Cu

][m-\-s∏´ kXy-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ BZy-ap-

≠mb Ah-ÿ-bn-te°p temIw bYm-ÿm-\-s∏- n-cn-

°p-∂p. c£n-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-h¿ Ct∏mgpw in£m-tbm-Ky-

cmWv. ssZh-Øn\p ]m]w \nanØw a\p-jy-h¿§sØ

\oXn-tbmsS in£ hn[n-°p-hm≥ Ignbpw; F∂m¬

ssZhw Iqip aqew \oXn-am\pw Ir]-bp-≈-h-\p-am-b-

Xp-sIm≠v Cu in£ Ct∏mƒ \S-Øp-∂n-√. Hcp

hy‡nbpw Xs‚ ]m]w-sImt≠m, BZm-ans‚ ]m]w-

sImt≠m \nXy-amb in£m-hn[n A\p- -hn-°p-I-bn-√.

Ah¿ \c-I-Øn¬ hogp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ AXv InkvXp-hn-

t\m-Sp≈ hntbm-Pn-∏p-sIm-≠m-Wv. ]m]w \nanØw

D≠mb \nXy-\m-i-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ amXw,

temIw apgp-h\pw ssZh-tØmSp \nc-∏n-°-s∏´p. \nXy-

amb \mi-Øn\p ASn-ÿm\ Imc-W-amb ]m]-tØm-

Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ temIw ssZh-hp-am-bn- p-≠m-bn-cp∂

BZy _‘-Øn-te°p ]p\:-ÿm-]n-°-s∏- p.

b. hy‡n-]-c-amb \nc∏v c£-bpsS ka-bØv \S-

°p∂p. ]m]-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ ]cn-an-X-amb

A¿∞-Øn-em-Wv. apgp-tem-Ihpw Iqin¬ \nc-∏n-te°p

h∂Xv. F∂m¬ Cu \nc∏v \nXy-\m-i-Øn¬ \n∂p

hnSp-hn-°p-∂n-√. AXp-sIm≠v c£n-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-h¿ C-

t∏mgpw ]m]-Øns‚ ^e-amb in£m-hn-[n-bn-emWv.

Ah¿ AI∂v ssZh-Øns‚ iXp-°-fmbnØo¿∂n-cn-

°p-∂p. CXp \nanØw Hcp hy‡n-]-c-amb \nc∏v Bh-

iy-amWv. ssZhhpw a\p-jy\pw XΩn¬ AI-∂n-cn-

°p∂ F√m taJ-e-I-fnepw \nc-∏p -≠m-I-Ww.

bmsXmcp \n_‘\Ifpw C√mØ \nc-∏mWv


27 See Discussion in footnote number 5 under the “Doctrineof Man,” Chapter 6.

127

th≠Xv.

c£-bpsS ka-bØv Hmtcm hnizm-knbpw hy‡n-]-c-

ambn ssZh-tØmSp \nc∏p ]m]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. CXv \nc-

∏ns‚ c≠m-asØ taJ-e-bmbn ImWmw. CXv ]mtbm-

KnI \nc-∏v, hy‡n-]-c-amb \nc∏v, F∂o \ne-I-fn¬

a\- n-em-°mw. iXp-Xzhpw AI¬®bpw Ah-km-\n-

°p-Ibpw Ahbv°p ]Icw Iq´mbva, kJnXzw kam-

[m\w Ch D≠m-Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂p(k-am-[m\w, \nc∏v

Ch Htc ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ hcp∂ thZ-`m-K-ßƒ

tdma¿ 5:1; 10˛11; Fs^: 2:14˛16; sImsem. 1:20).

3. ssZh-h-N-\-]-Imcw ssZh-amWv \nc-∏p-≠m-°p-hm-

\p≈ ap≥ssI FSp-ØXv. a\p-jy-s\-bmWv \nc-∏n\v

hnt[-b-am-°p-∂Xv ssZhw Xt∂m-Sp-Xs∂ a\p-jys\

\nc-∏n-°p∂p. ssZhw AXv \S-∏n¬ hcp-Øp-∂p. a\p-

jys\ ssZh-tØmSp a’-cn-°p-∂-h-\mbn NnXo-I-cn-

°p∂p amX-a-√, Ah\p ssZh-hp-am-bp≈ kJn-Xz-

Øn\p XmXv]-cy-hp-an-√. ssZhsØ NnXo-I-cn-°p-∂Xv

a\p-jys\ At\z-jn®phcp-∂-h-\m-bn- mWv. \sΩ \nc-

∏n-°p-hm-\p≈ F√m iahpw ssZhw \S-Øp∂p.

Ft∏mgpw \nc∏v Bh-iy-am-bn- p-≈-h-\m-bn- mWv a\p-

jy-s\-°p-dn®v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. XI¿∂p-t]mb

Iq´mbvam _‘w ]p\-ÿm-]n-°p-I-bmWv a\p-jy\p

ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ H∂m-aXv \S-t°-≠-Xv.

ssZhw a\p-jy-t\mSp \nc-∏p-≠m°n F∂p-≈nSØv

ss__nƒ ]tXy-In®v hm°p-Iƒ Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-

Ibpw Iao-I-cn-°p-I-bpw H∂pw sNøp-∂n-s√-¶nepw,

B \ne-bn¬ Nn¥n-°p-∂Xv icntbm sXt‰m-sb∂p

ssZh-im-kvX-⁄-∑m¿ Btem-Nn-°p-∂p. ssZh-hp-

ambn \nc∏v Bh-iy-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv a\p-jy-\m-Wv.

a\pjy-\mWv iXpXzw D≠m-°n-bXv. amX-a√,

""\√Xn\mbp≈ am‰w'' Ah-\m-h-iy-hp-amWv. a\p-

jys\ ImWp-∂-Xn\pw Ah-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬

]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xnepw ssZhw am‰w hcp-Øn-b-Xns‚

ImcWw a\p-jys‚ a’-c-amWv. AXp-sIm≠v Fgp-

Øp-Im-c≥ hniz-kn-°p-∂Xv Iqip apJm-¥cw

ssZhhpw a\p-jy-t\mSp \nc-∏n-°-s∏- p-sh∂p Nn¥n-

°p-∂Xv icn-sb-∂mWv (ss_-_n-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-

°p∂ hm-°p-I-fn¬ ]d-™m¬, a\p-jy¿ ssZh-

tØmSp \nc∏p ]m]n-®-Xns‚ ^e-ambn _‘-Øn\p

am‰w h∂p). Iqipaqew a\p-jys‚ ssZh-tØm-Sp≈

_‘hpw ssZh-Øn\v a\p-jy-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-Øn\pw

am‰w kw -hn-®p.

4. kwKlw: \nc-∏ns‚ A¿∞w _‘--Øn\p

am‰ap≠m°pI F∂mWv. ]tXy-In®v iXp-XzØn¬

\n∂pw AI¬®-bn¬ \n∂pw, kam-[m-\-Øn-te°pw

kvt\l-Øn-te-°p-ap≈ am‰w. Iqint∑¬ apgp-tem-

Ihpw ssZh-tØmSp≈ \nc-∏nte°p h∂p. X∑qew

P∑\m e`n® ]m]-kz -`m -hhpw sNbvX ]m]-

I¿Ωßfpw C\n Hcn-°epw in£m-hn-[n°p Imc-W-

a-√. c£n-Xm-hns\ \nc-kn-°p-∂Xpaqew \nXy\cIw

A\p-`-hn°p∂p. ssZh-tØmSp kam-[m-\hpw Iq´m-

bvabpw D≠m-°p-hm≥, ssZh-tØmSp iXp-Xzap≠m-

bn-cp∂ F√m-ta-J-e-bnepw am‰w kw -hn-°-Ø-° \ne-

bn¬, tbip-In-kvXp-hns\ c£n-Xm-hmbn kzoI-cn®p

hy‡n-]-c-ambn \nc∏v ]m]n-°p-hm≥ Ct∏mgpw

hy‡nItfmSv A`y¿∞n-t°≠p∂ Bh-iy-ap-≠v.

V. ]mb-›nØw: ]m]]cnlmc-Øns‚ ssZhnI hiw.

InkvXp ]mb-›n-Ø-ambn F∂p ]d-™m¬ AXns‚

A¿∞w Ah≥ ]m]-Øns‚ Ip‰w \o°n. Aßs\

ssZh-Øns‚ tIm]w \o°n. CtX Bi-b-Øn¬ a‰p-

\n-e-I-fn¬ ]d-bp-tºmƒ, Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂ Imcy-ßfpw

Dƒs∏-´n-cn-°p∂p: Iqiv ssZh-tIm-]sØ im¥-

am°n, ssZh-tIm-]sØ Xr]vXn-s∏-SpØn, X∑qew

ssZh-tIm]w Ah-km-\n-∏n-®p. InkvXp-hns‚ acWw

ssZh-Øns‚ \oXn-bp≈ tIm]sØ Xr]vXns∏Sp-

Øn. AXp-\n-anØw ssZh-tIm]w \Ωn¬ \n∂v AI-

te°p Xncn™p (Xn-cn-®p-hn- p). hos≠-Sp∏v ]m]-tØm-

Sp≈ _‘-Øn-se-∂-t]mse, ]m]]cnlmchpw

\nc∏pw a\p-jy-tcm-sS-∂-t]mse, ]mb-›nØw ssZh-

tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn-ep≈ ]m]]cnlmcØns‚ hi-

am-Wv.

hos≠-Sp∏v NnXo-I-cn-°p-∂Xv a\p-jy≥ Hcp ASn-a-

bmbn ]m]-Øn¬ _‘n-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. \nc-∏n¬

\mw Im-Wp-∂Xv a\pjy≥ ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂v AI-

∂p-t]mb iXp-hm-bn- mWv. ]mb-›n-Ø-Øn¬ ImWp-

∂Xv a\p-jy≥ sX‰p-Im-c-\mb Ip‰-hm-fn-bm-bn´pw,

Ahs‚ Ip‰-ßƒ \ymbm-[n-]-Xnsb \oXn-tbmsS

tIm]n-∏n-°p-hm≥ CS-bm-°n-sb-∂p-am-Wv.28

]mb-›nØw F∂ Bi-b-Øn\p IrXy-a-√mØ

A¿∞w \¬Ip∂ Hcp ]h-WX B[p-\nItemI-

Øn¬ h¿≤n®p hcp-∂p. Cu hnim-e-K-Xn-bn-ep≈

Nn¥m-K-Xnsb ]n≥Xp-S-cm-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ bYm-ÿn-XnI

Nn¥m-K-Xn-bp-≈-h¿ hfsc i≤n-°-Ww. ImcWw Cu


28 Xs‚ acWw \nanØw InkvXp ]m]-Øn-∂p≈ hos≠-Sp∏v hne \¬In ssZh-tIm-]-Øn\p ]mb-›nØw hcpØnAßs\ Ah≥ a\p-jysc ssZh-tØmSp \nc-∏n®p. F√mwHtc kabw \nh¿Øn-®-Xp-sIm≠v Hcp ka-b--]-c-amb IawC√ F∂m¬ bp‡n-]-c-amb Iaw ImWmw. AXn¬ BZywInkvXp ]m]-Øn\p adp-hne \¬In hos≠-Sp∏v km[n-∏n®p. c≠m-aXv ssZh-tIm-]-Øn\p ]mb-›nØw hcpØn.ImcWw hos≠-Sp∏v hne \¬In aq∂m-a-Xmbn InkvXp\sΩ ssZh-tØmSv \nc-∏n-®p. ImcWw hos≠-Sp∏v hne\¬In ssZh-tIm]w kwXr-]vXn-s∏-Sp-Øn.

128

B[p-\nI Nn¥m-K-Xn-°m¿ ssZh-tIm]w F∂ Bi-

bsØ AwKo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ hnk-Ω-Xn-°p-∂p. InkvXp

hns‚ acWw Xr]vXn \¬Ip-∂-tXm, ]m]sØ ad-

bv°p-∂tXm F∂pf-f Bi-bw Ahcpw Nn¥n-°p-

∂p≠v. F∂m¬ Ah¿ IrXy-a-√mØ \ne-bn¬

InkvXp-hns‚ acWw ssZh-tIm-]sØ Xr]vXns∏Sp-

Øp-∂p-sh∂pw ]m]-ßsf adbv°p∂psh∂pw Icp-

Xp-∂p. AXv \ΩpsS Ip‰sØ \o°p-Ibpw ]m]w \nan-

Ø-ap-≈ IS-∏m-Sp-Isf Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-

∂p. Cu ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv icn-bmb B-i-b-ß-fm-sW-

¶nepw ssZh-h-N\w hfsc IrXy-am-Wv. ssZh-Øn\p

]mb-›nØw hcp-Øp-hm≥ InkvXp-hn\v ]m]sØ

]cn-l-cn-t°-≠-Xmbn h∂p, F∂m¬ ssZh-tIm]w

amdn-t∏mbn F∂p≈ Bi-bhpw IqSn Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-

bn-√m-sb-¶n¬ ]mb-›n-Ø-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ A]q¿Æ-

amb \n¿h-N-\-am-bn-cn°pw \¬Ip-∂-Xv. ]mb-›nØw

F∂ kXyw- \n-e-\n¿tØ-≠Xpw IrXy-ambn hni-Zo-

I-cn-t°-≠Xpw Bh-iy-am-Wv. X∑qew P\-ßƒ icn-

bmb \ne-bn¬ AXv A`y-kn°pw 29 F¥p-sIm-s≠-

∂m¬ ]mb-›nØw ]p\¿\n¿h-Nn-°p-hm-\mbn Hcp

]ÿm\w Xs∂ D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ASpØ `mKØv

]mc-ºcy \n¿h-N-\-Øns‚ bYm¿∞ ÿnXn

ImWp∂p.

A. ]mb-›nØØns‚ \n¿h-N\w

1. ss__n-fn\p ]pdØv Ko°v `mj-bn¬ ]pcm-X-\-

amb At\Iw DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ ImWp-∂p≠v. ChnsS

]mb-›nØ ]Z-Ip-Spw_w D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv

tIm]w ian-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-t\mSv _‘-s∏-´-XmW.v

]tXy-In®v tZh-∑m-cpsS tIm]w XWp-∏n-°m-≥.

tlma-dns‚ Cu hcn-Iƒ ImWp-∂p. ""AXp-sIm≠v

Znhkw apgp-h\pw Ah¿ Hcp Km\w-sIm≠v tZh-∑msc

im¥am°m≥ ian®p.'' ""F√m tZh-∑m-cnepw BZy-

ambn AtY\ 30 F∂ tZh\p Rm≥ ]mb-›nØw

sNøs´'' 1 iap-th¬ 14˛¬ hmbn-°p∂ ]g-b-\n-ba

kw -h-sØ-°p-dn®v tPmko^kv Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂p.

AhnsS iu¬, bp≤ Znh-k-Øn¬ £n-°p-∂-h¿s°-

Xnsc Hcp im]w ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-®p. F∂m¬ Xs‚ ]nXm-

hns‚ im]w Adn-bmØ tbm\m-Ym≥ Aev]w tX≥

Ign®p. ssZh-Øns‚ tIm]w ian-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn

iu¬ Xs‚ aI-\mb tPm\m-Yms\ sIm∂v, Aßs\

ssZh-tIm]w ian-∏n-°p-hm≥ BKln®p.

Rm≥ ssZhsØ Xs∂ km£n \n¿Øn

]Xn⁄ sNøp-∂p. Fs‚ aI≥ tbm\m-Ym≥

Xs∂-bm-Wv Cu ]m]w sNbvX-sX-¶nepw

Rm≥ Ahs\ sIm∂v ssZh-Øn\p ]mb-

›nØw hcpØpw Ft∂mSp _‘-an-√mØ Hcp

A]-cn-NnXXmsW¶n¬ t]mepw Ah-\p-th≠n

Rm≥ ]Xn-Imcw sNøpw.31

At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cpsS ImeØp Xs∂-bmWv ^ntem

Pohn-®n-cp-∂Xv. ssZh-tIm]w im¥-am-Ip-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n

At±-lhpw ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂ D≤-c-Wn-bn¬

bP-am-\≥ F∂p-≈Xv ssZhsØ ImWn-°p-∂p.

Fs‚ ssZh-Øns‚ klm-bn-°p∂ i‡n-

sbbpw A\p-K-l-ß-sfbpw Bkz-Zn-°p-Ibpw

A\p-`-hn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-s\bpw in£

Hgn-hm-°m-\mbn bP-am-\s‚ (ssZ-h-Øn-

s‚)]Xm-]sØbpw A[n-Im-c-sØbpw AwKo-

I-cn®v ]mb-›nØw sNøp-∂-h-s\bpw Rm≥

AwKo-I-cn-°p∂p. 32

]pXnb \nba Ime-L-´-Øn\p tijw tIm]w

Xr]vXns∏Sp-Øp-hm≥ ]mb-›nØ ]Z-Ip-Spw_w D]-

tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ Z ]mÃ¿ Hm v sl¿amkv GI-tZiw

F. Un. 160˛¬ Fgp-X-s∏-´-XmWv AXn¬ Hcp Hcp

]tXyI `mKw Cßs\ ImWp-∂p. Cu ]m]w Fs‚

t]cn¬ tN¿Øm¬ F\n-s°-ßs\ c£-s∏-Sp-hm≥

Ign-bpw. Rm≥ Fßs\ ssZh-Øn\p ]mb-›nØw

sNøpw? 33 Cu DZm-l-c-W-ß-fn¬ \ns∂√mw a\- n-

em-Ip-∂Xv ]pcm-X\ temIw ssZh-ß-fpsS (ssZ-h-

Øns‚) tIm]w ian-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\p ]mb-›nØw Hcp

hgn-bm-sW∂p AwKo-I-cn-®n-cp-∂p-sb-∂m-Wv.

ssZh-h-N\w ]Tn-°p-∂-h¿ ssZh-h-N-\-Øn-te°p Xncn-

bp-tºmƒ ]mb-›nØ ]Z-Ip-Spw-_sØ ]p\¿ \n¿h-

Nn-°p-∂-Xn\p apºv i‡n-tb-dnb sXfnhv Bh-iy-s∏-

S-Ww. B sXfn-hp-Iq-SmsX Xs∂ ssZh-Øns‚

tIm]sØ ian-∏n-°p-∂p, Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p

F∂pff \n¿h-N\w \ne-\n¿Ø-Ww.

2. ]mb-›nØw ]Z-Ip-Spw_w ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬

ImWp-∂Xv ssZh-Øns‚ tIm]sØ am‰n-hn-SpI F∂

Bi-b-Øn-em-Wv. CXv sk]v‰z-Pn‚ v ]cn- m-j-bnepw

]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Ønepw ImWp∂p.


29 The New International Version drops the translation propi-tiation in 1 John 2:2 and uses atoning sacrifice.30 Homer, the odyssey, Vo. 1 (Loeb Classical Library) 99; andHomer, The Iliad, Vol. 1 (Loeb Classical Library) 39.

31 Josephus, Jewish Antiquities, Vol. 5 (Loeb Classical Li-brary) 229.32 Philo, Vol. 6 (Loeb Classical Library) 67.33 Alexander Robers and James Donaldson, ed., The Ante-Nicene Fathers, Vol 2 (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans)10. (See also 1 clement 7: 17).

129

a. ssZh-h-N\w HmSn®p hmbn-°p-∂-h¿°pt]mepw

shfn-hm-Ip∂ Imcyw ]m]-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬

tIm]n-°p∂ ssZh-sØ-bmWv ss__n-fn¬ ImWp-

∂-Xv. CXv hfsc km[m-cWamb-Xp-sIm≠v apgp-h≥

hmIy-ßfpw \¬tI≠ Bh-iy-an-√(tbm-l-∂m≥ 3:36;

tdma. 1:18,12:19; Fs^. 5:6, sImsem. 3:6; 2 sXs . 1:

7- 8; F_m. 10:31; 12:29; shfn. 6:16; 19:15; 20:11˛15). ]mb-

›n-Ø-Øns‚ ss__n-fn\p shfn-bn-ep≈ D]-tbm-K-

Øns‚ ]›m-Ø-ehpw,- ssZ-h-Øn\p tIm]n-°p-hm≥

Ign-bp-sa∂ Bi-bhpw Iq´n-t®¿Ø-t∏mƒ, ]mb-

›nØw F∂p ]d-™m¬ tIm]sØ Xr-]vXn-s∏-Sp-

Øp-Ibpw Xncn-®p-hn-Sp-Ibpw sNøpI F∂p≈ \nK-a-

\-Øn-¬ hymJymXm°ƒ FØnt®¿∂p. ]mb-

›nØw F∂p≈ Bibw ImWp∂ thZ- m-K-ß-fn¬

ssZh-tIm-]-sØ-°p-dn®pw ImWp-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ Cu

]tbm-K-Øns‚ A¿∞w a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn¬

bmsXmcp kwi-b-Øn\pw CS-bn-√.

b. GXm≠v _n.kn. 200˛¬ F_mb ]g-b-\n-baw

Ko°v mj-bn-te°p ]cn- m-j-s∏-Sp-Øn. ]pXn-b-\n-ba

Fgp-Øp-Im¿ Ko°v ]g-b-\n-b-a-hp-ambn (sk-]v‰zPn‚ v

F∂p hnfn-°p-∂p) ASp-∏-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v

Ah-cpsS Nn¥-Isf sk]v‰z-Pn‚ v hm°p-I-fpsS \n¿h-

N-\-ßƒ kzm[o-\n-°p-hm-\p≈ ]h-W-X-bp-≠m-bn-

´p≠v. sk]v‰zPn‚nse Nne ]›m-Ø-e-ß-fn¬ ]bm-

›nØ ]Z- Ip-Spw_w hy‡-ambpw A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv

tIm]w am‰p-I-sb-∂-XmW.v ]pd-∏mSv 32˛¬ bnkm-

tb¬P\w kz¿Æw-sIm-≠p≈ Imf-°p- nsb Acm-[n-

®Xp tamsi I≠p-]n-Sn®p Ign-™-t∏mƒ, Ahsc

""`qX-e-Øn¬ \n∂p \in-∏n-°m-Xn-cn-∏m≥'' tamsi

ssZhsØ t]cn-∏n-°p-∂p. Xp-S¿∂v ]pd-∏mSv 32:14˛¬

hmbn--°p∂p ""btlmh Xs‚ P\-Øn\p hcpØpw

F∂p Iev]n® A\¿∞-sØ-°pdn®v A\p-X-]n®v Cu

hnK-lm-cm-[n-I-fmb P\-Øn-s\-Xn-sc-bp≈ ssZh-

tIm]w amdn-bXv tamsibpsS a≤y-ÿX aqe-am-Wv.

k¶o¿Ø\w 130:3˛4 (LXX k¶o 129) thZ- m-K-Øn-

emWv ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ ]mb-›nØ ]Z-Ip-Spw-_-

Ønse hm°p-Iƒ tIm]w ian-∏n-°pI F∂ Bi-b-

Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xns‚ as‰mcp DZm-l-cWw

ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xv. hmIyw 3˛¬ \mw ImWp-∂Xv

ssZhw Ir]-bp-≈-h-\-s√-¶n¬ ssZh-tIm-]-Øns‚

apºn¬ Hcp a\p-jy\pw \n¬°p-hm≥ Ign-bn-s√-∂mWv.

ImcWw, F√m-hcpw ]m]w \nanØw Ip‰-°m-cm-Wv.

""btlmth \o AIr-Xy-ßsf Hm¿sΩ-sh-®m¬

I¿Ømth B¿ \ne-\nev°pw''? F∂m¬ hmIyw 4˛¬

D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ ]mb-›nØ ]Z-Ip-Spw-_-Ønse

Hcp hm°v Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂Xv ssZh-Øns‚ tIm]w

\in-∏n-t°≠ Bh-iy-an-s√-∂m-Wv. ImcWw ""\ns‚

]°¬ hntam-N\w (]m-b-›nØw) D≠v.'' Cu thZ-

`m-K-Øns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-ep≈ Cu hm°ns‚

A¿∞w ssZh-tIm-]-Øns‚ Xr-]vXnbpw am‰-hp-am-Wv.

]pcm-X\ temI-]-c-amb D]-tbm-Khpw, ssZh-Øns‚

\oXn-bp≈ tIm]-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ D]-tZ-ihpw, Ko°v

]g-b-\n-ba ]›m-Ø-ehpw A\p-k-cn®v ]mb-›n-Ø-

sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ \n¿h-N\w Xcp-∂Xv ssZh-tIm]w

im¥am°pI F∂mW.v 34

c. ]mb-›nØw ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬

]mb-›nØ ]Z-Ip-Spw-_-Ønse (Greek: ilasmos) hnc-

en-se-Æm-hp∂ hm°p-Isf ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ ImWp-

hm≥ Ign-bp-∂p-≈q. Inb (]m-b-›nØw hcp-ØpI)

\mw ImWp-∂Xv eqt°m. 18:13, F-_m-b¿ 2:17. AXp-

t]mse c≠ vKo°v \ma-ßƒ (c≠pw ]mb-›nØw

F∂p ]cn-`m-j-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p) tdma¿ 3:25;

F_m. 9:5; 1 tbml. 2:2; 4:10) F∂o thZ- m-K-ß-fn¬

ImWp∂p. Ah-km-\-ambn \ma-hn-ti-j-Ww- hcp-∂Xv

F_mb 8:12, aØmbn 16:22).

]mb-›nØw F∂ hnj-b-Øn¬ ][m\ thZ- mKw

tdmamteJ-\-Øn¬ 3:25 BWv hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿°v

Ah≥ Xs‚ c‡w-aqew ]mb-›n-Ø-am-Ip-hm≥

ssZhw Ahs\ ]c-ky-ambn \n¿Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Cu

]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ ssZh-tIm-]-Øns‚ Bibw AS-

ßn-bn- pt≠m? tdma¿ 1:18 apX¬ tdma-te-J-\-Øns‚

BZy- m-KØv ]utem-kns‚ e£yw F√m-hcpw ]m]n-

I-fm-sW∂pw X∑qew ssZ-h-Øns‚ hnip-≤-amb

tIm]-Øn\p tbmKy-cm-sW∂pw ÿm]n-°p-I-bmWv.

]utem-kns‚ hm°p-Iƒ i≤n-°p-I. ""A\o-Xn-

sIm≠v kXysØ XSp-°p∂ a\p-jy-cpsS kIe A -

‡n°pw A\o-Xn°pw t\sc ssZh-Øns‚ tIm]w

kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂p shfn-s∏-Sp-∂p'' (tdm-a. 1:18). At∏m-

kvX-e≥ XpS¿∂pw ]d-bp∂p ""Ah≥ Hmtcm-cp-Ø\pw

Ah-\-hs‚ ]h¿Øn°p X° ]Icw sNøpw''. \√

]hrØn°p th≠p∂ ÿncX ]q≠p tXP pw

am\hpw A£-Xbpw At\z-jn-°p-∂-h¿°v \nXy-Po-

h\pw imTyw ]q≠p kXyw A\p-k-cn-°msX A\oXn

A\p -k-cn -°p -∂-h¿°v tIm]hpw tIm[hpw

sImSp°pw (tdm-a. 2:6˛8) Cu tIm]w \nd™ ssZh-

Øns‚ apºn¬ F√m-hcpw in£-mtbm-Ky-cmWv (tdma.

3:10, 23). F√m-hcpw Ip‰-°m-cmWv X∑qew in£ e`n-

°p∂Xn\p A¿l-cmW.v (tdm-a. 3:19). Cu ]›m-Ø-

e-Øn -emWv tdma. 3:25 Dd -∏n®p ]d-bp∂p

InkvXp Hcp ]mb-›nØw BsW-∂v. tIm]w am‰p-


34. Chbpw t\m°pI 2 Macc. 7: 32- 38; 4 Macc. 6:28,9:24, 12:18).

130

I-bmWv ChnsS D≤-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂p hniz-kn-°p-

hm≥ F√m \ymb-ß-fp-ap-≠v. ChnsS ]utemkv

FgpXp-∂Xv PmXn-I-fmb hnizm-kn-Iƒ°mWv. AXp-

sIm≠v PmXn-I-fmb Fgp-Øp-Im¿°n-S-bn¬ temIw

apgp-h≥ tIm]-Øn\p Xr]vXn hcp-ØpI F∂

Bibw \¬Ip∂ hm°v D]-tbm-Kn-°p-tºmƒ Xs‚

hmb-\-°m¿°p amXw as‰m-∂mbn A¿∞w Kln-°p-

sa∂p ]Xo-£n-°pI ]utem-kns\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-

tØmfw A¿∞-an-√m-Ø Imcy-am-Wv.

eqt°mkv 18:13˛¬ tIm]w am‰pI F∂ Bibw

Dƒs∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn Icp-Xmw. Hcmƒ°v ]m]w adbv-

°p-hm≥ Ignbpw (Hcp ]hrØn) F∂m¬ Hcmƒ

]mb-›nØw hcp-Øp-∂Xv ssZh-Øn-\mWv (Hcp

hy‡n). Hcp At]£, ""ssZh-ta, ]m]n-bmb

Ft∂mSp Icp-W-bp-≠m-I-Wta'' ChnsS ]m]w ad®p

In- p-hm-\√ tNmZn-°p-∂Xv. ChnsS I¿Øm-hmbn hcp-

∂Xv ]m]-a√ ]ns∂tbm ssZh-am-b-Xp-sIm-≠v, Cu

At]-£-bn¬ ssZh-tIm]w amdn-t∏m-Ip∂ Imcy-amWv

ASßnbncn-°p-∂Xv.

1 tbml-∂m≥ 2:1˛2 F∂ thZ-`m-KØv tIm]-hpw˛

tZjyhpw ImWp-∂n-s√-¶nepw tbml-∂ms‚ a\- n¬

ssZh-tIm]w shfn-s∏-Sp-∂-Xmbn A\p-am-\n-°p-∂Xv

bp‡n-]q¿Æ-amWv. AXp-sIm≠v H∂mw hmIy-Øn¬

]m]w sNø-cp-sX∂p Xs‚ hmb-\-°m-tcmSv tbm-l-

∂m≥ ]d-bp-∂p, F∂m¬ Ah-cpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬

]m]w IS∂p h∂mepw Ah¿°v Biz-kn-°p-hm\pw

ss[cy-s∏-Sp-hm-\p-ap≈ Imcy-ap-≠v. hmIyw 2˛¬ ]d-

bp-∂-Xp-t]mse InkvXp \Ωp-sS- ]m-]-ßƒ°v ]mb-

›nØw Bb-Xp-sIm≠v hniz-kn-Iƒ°v kam-[m-\-

tØmsS Bbn-cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw.

ssZh-Øns‚ tIm]-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn-emWv ]m]n-

Iƒ DXvI-WvT-s∏-tS≠Xv. hnizmkn ]m]w sNbvXm¬

ssZhw \ymbw hn[n -°p-Ibpw ]ng-bn -Sp -Ibpw

sNøptam? ""C√!'' InkvXp \ΩpsS a≤y-ÿ\pw ]mb-

›n-Ø-hp-amWv.

Cu thZ-`m-K-Øns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-tØmSp _‘-s∏-

SpØn ]m]-ßsf ad-®p-In- pI F∂ Bibw aXn-bmb

\ne-bn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sb∂p Bsc-¶nepw Nn¥n-

®m¬ Db¿∂p hcp∂ tNmZyw \ΩpsS ]m]w InkvXp

ad-®-Xn-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ Hcp

]m]n°v AX-b-[nIw Nn¥m- m-c-Øns‚ Bh-iy-sa-

¥mWv? InkvXp \ΩpsS ]m]-ßƒ ad-®p-X-∂-Xp-

sIm≠v \mw ]m]w tamNn-®-h-cmbnØo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p.

ImcWw, Cu A\p-K-l-an-s√-¶n¬ ssZh-Øns‚ \nXy-

amb in£bv°v \mw A¿l-cm-Wv. ssZh-Øns‚ shfn-

s∏-Sp∂ tIm]-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ Xs‚ ]m]-

ßƒ \nanØw `b-s∏-Sp∂ hnizm-knsb Dd-∏n-t°≠

Bh-iy-ap-≠v. 1 tbml. 2: 1˛2 thZ- m-KsØ tIm]w

F∂ ]Zw ImWp-∂n-s√-¶nepw G‰hpw bp‡n-]q¿Æ-

amb hymJym\w tbml-∂m≥ sX‰n-t∏mb hnizm-kn-

Isf Biz-kn-∏n-°p-hm≥th≠n InkvXp ssZh-

tIm]w ian-∏n®p F∂p≈ ]t_m-[\w \¬Ip-∂p-

sb-∂-Xm-Wv.

]mb-›n-Ø-tØmSp _‘-Øn-ep≈ _m°n hcp∂

thZ- m-K-ßfpw (F-_m. 2:17, 8:12; 1 tbml. 4:10) ]cn-

tim-[n-®m¬, ssZhw tIm]w KXn-am-‰n- hn-SpI F∂

Bibw H-fn™pw sXfn™pw InS-°p-∂-Xmbn sXfn-

™n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu hmIy-ßƒ ]m]-ßƒ ad-®p- In-

´pI, ssZh-tIm]w am‰n-hn-SpI F∂o Bi-b-ßƒ

Bbn-h-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ CXn\p hn]-co-X-ambn i‡-

amb sXfnhp Xcp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ ]Xn-hp≈ A¿∞w

Xs∂ hm°n¬ \n∂p e`n-°p-∂p. ssZh-Øns‚ ]mb-

›nØw e`n-®p-In-t -≠-Xn\p ]m]w ad®p -In-t -≠Xv

Bh-iy-amWv, F∂m¬ ]m]w ad-®p-In- pI F∂ Bi-

b-Øn\p ]m[m\yw \¬In ]mb-›nØw F∂

Bibw Ah-K-Wn-®m¬ ]m] ]cn-lm-c-Øns‚ ssZh-

h-N\ ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬ \n∂p AI∂pt]m-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.

]m]-tØmSp _‘-s∏´ ssZh-tIm]w Iqin¬

InkvXp kwXr-]vXn-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw X∑qew ssZh-

tIm]w AI-‰n-°-f-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. CXmWv ]mb-

›n-Øw F∂-Xns‚ A¿∞w.

B. ]mb-›n-Ø-Øns‚ 3 Xe-ßƒ AYhm ]tbm-

K-ßƒ

ssZh-tIm]sØ am‰n-hn-Sp-Ibpw im¥-am-°p-Ibpw

sNøpI F∂p-≈-XmWv ]mb-›nØw F∂p

ÿm]n®ncn°p∂p. ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ ]mb-›n-Ø-

Øns‚ hyXy-kvX-amb 3 hi-ßƒ \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-

Xmbn IcpXmw.

1. Iqin¬ \nh¿Øn® apgp-tem-I-Øn-s‚bpw ]mb-

›nØw. 1 tbml-∂m≥ 2:2˛¬ \mw hmbn-°p-∂Xv,

InkvXp apgp-tem-I-Øns‚ ]m]-Øn\p ssZh-ap-ºmsI

]mb-›nØw hcp-Øn-b-Xm-bn-´mWv InkvXp-hns‚

Iqip-a-cWw aqew temI-Øns‚ apgp-h\pw ]m]-

ß-tfm-Sp-_-‘-s∏´ ssZhtIm]w ]cn-l-cn-°-s∏- p.

ssZh-imkvXw cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ Cu Bibw

km[m-c-W-bmbn IW-°n-se-Sp-°m-dn-√. ]mc-º-cy-ambn

e`n® ]m]-Øn-s‚tbm sNbvX ]m]-ß-fp-sStbm ASn-

ÿm-\-Øn¬ \nXy-in-£m-hn[n Npa-Øm-sX-hÆw

ssZh-tIm]w amdn-t∏mbn F∂ Bi-b-amWv ChnsS

e`n-°p-∂-Xv. temI-Øns‚ ]m]-Øn-s‚-ta¬ hcp∂

ssZh-tIm]w ian®ncn°p∂p X∑qew ]m]-Øns‚

ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ \nXy-\miw \oßn-t∏m-bn.


131

F∂m¬ c£n--s∏-Sm-Ø-h¿ Ct∏mgpw ]m]-tØmSp

_‘-s∏´ Ip‰-°m¿ Xs∂-bmWv. Ct∏mƒ kphn-

tijw A\p-k-cn -°p-∂n√ F∂ Ip‰-Øn-\mWv

\nXy-amb in£m-hn[n A\p-`-hn-t°≠n hcp-∂-Xv

(2 sX . 1:8; tbml. 3:18). ssZh-tIm-]sØ°pdn®v

]d-™n-cn-°p∂ a‰v thZ- m-K-ßƒ Xm¬°m-enIamb

ssZh-tIm-]-sØ-°pdn-®mWv ]d-bp-∂Xv (D-Zm. tdma.

1:18 ¬ ImWp-∂Xv \c-I-in-£-sb-°p-dn-®√ hj-fmb

PohnX coXn-Iƒs°m≠v kw -hn-°p∂ \mi-sØ-°p-

dn-®m-Wv). AXp-t]mse InkvXp h∂p ]cn-lmcw D≠m-

°n-bn-cp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ F¥p kw -hn-°p-sa-∂-Xn-s\-°p-

dn-®mWv (D-Zm. tdma. 2:6˛8) in£-bpsS Afhv \n›-

bn-°p-∂-Xn\p hy‡n-]-c-amb ]m]-ßƒ ][m\ ]¶p-

h-ln-°p-∂p-≠v (eq-t°m. 12:48). hy‡n-]-ctam ]mc-

º-cy-ambn e`n-®tXm Bb ]m]-ß-f√, ]ns∂tbm

InkvXp-hns\ \nc-kn-°p-∂-XmWv \n-Xy-amb \mi-

Øns‚ Imc-Ww. \nXy-in-£m-hn-[n-tbmSp≈ _‘-

Øn¬ temI-Øns‚ apgp-h≥ ]m]-Øn\pw ssZh-

Øns‚ apºn¬ ]mb-›nØw \¬In (1 tbml. 2:2;

2 sImcn. 5:19).

Ah≥ \ΩpsS ]m]-ßƒ°p ]mb›nØw

BIp∂p; \Ωp-tS-Xn\p amX-a√ k¿∆-tem-I-

Øns‚ ]m]-Øn\p Xs∂(1 tbml. 2:2).

Iqin¬ \S∂ ]mb-›n-Ø-Øn\p km¿h-Xn-I-amb

hym]vXn-bp-s≠∂p hfsc hy‡-ambn shfn-s∏-Sp-

Øp∂ GI hmIy-am-Wv 1 tbml. 2:2. F∂m¬ a‰p

c≠p thZ-`m-K-ßfpw Iqin¬ \S∂ ]mb-›nØw

aqew apgp-h≥ P\-ßƒ°pw e`n® ]tbm-P-\-ß-fmWv

]d-bp-∂Xv: Ah¿ ssZh-Øns‚ P\-ßtfm Xnc-s™-

Sp -°-s∏-´-htcm BWv (Im-WpI F_m. 2:17,

1 tbml. 4:10)

2. InkvXp-hn¬ hnizm-k-a¿∏n-°p∂ ka-bØv hy‡n-

Iƒ°v hy‡n-]-c-amb ]mb-›nØw e`n-°p-∂p.

1 tbml. 2:2˛¬ ]m]-Øn-t∑-ep≈ ssZh-Øns‚ \nXy-

amb tIm]w Ah-km-\n-®p-sh∂p tbml-∂m≥ ]Tn-

∏n-°p-∂p-s≠-¶nepw tbml. 3:36, 16:9 XpS-ßnb thZ-

`m -K -ß-fn¬ ssZh-]p - Xs\ Xnc -kvI-cn -°p -∂-

h¿s°Xnsc ssZh-Øns‚ tIm]w Pzen-°p-∂p-

sh∂pw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p(CXpw ImWpI 2 sX . 1:8,9).

Aßs\ Iqin¬ s]mXp-hmb ]mb-›nØw \S-∂-

t∏mƒ, InkvXp-hn¬ c£-bv°mbn Hcmƒ Bi-bn-°p-

∂-Xp-hsc ][m\ ]m]-ambn Ahn-izm-k-Øn-\p≈

]mb-›nØw \S-°p-∂n-√. ]mb-›n-Ø-Øns‚ Cu

c≠p mK-ßfpw tdma¿ 3:25 ¬ ImWmw. Cu hmIyw

]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xp InkvXp Xs‚ ac-W-k-a-bØv ]mb-

›n-Ø-ambnØo¿∂p-sh-∂m-Wv. CXv Hcp-]t£ ]d-bp-

hm≥ Ign-bp-∂Xv InkvXp-hns‚ acWw \nanØw a\p-

jys‚ P∑- ]m-]-Øn\pw I¿Ω- ]m-]-Øn\pw Imc-

Wamb ssZh-tIm-]-Øn\p ia\w -e- n-®p-sh-∂m-Wv.

F∂m¬""hnizkn-°p-∂-h¿°v'' F∂ hmIyw ]m[m-

\y-tØmsS Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂Xv hniz-kn-°p∂ ka-

b-ØmWv ssZh-tIm]w ]q¿Æ-ambn amdn-t∏m-Ip-∂p-

sh-∂m-Wv. Bibw F¥p-X-s∂- Bbn-cp-∂mepw

hy‡n-]-c-amb ]m]-ßƒ \nanØw amXw Bcpw \nXy

in£m-hn[n A\p-`-hn-°p-∂n-√. Ahn-izmkn Ahn-

izmkw F∂ ]m]w \nanØw Ct∏mgpw ssZh-tIm-]-

Øns‚ Iogn-em-Wv. InkvXp-hns\ ]mb-›n-Ø-ambn

hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xp-hsc ssZh-Øns‚ \nXy-amb tIm]-

tØm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ ]q¿Æ-amb ]mb-›nØw \S-

°p-∂n-√. Iqin¬ \S-∂-Xns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬

ssZh-Øns‚ \nXy-amb tIm]w \oßn-t∏mbn F∂p

-hn-iz-kn-°p-∂Xv kXy-am-sW-¶nepw, hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xp-

hsc ssZh-tIm]w XpS-cp-∂p.

hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿°v Ahs‚ c‡w-aqew ]mb-

›n-Ø-am-Ip-hm≥ ssZhw Ahs\ ]c-ky-ambn

\n¿Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p ..(-tdma. 3:25).

3. Hcp hnizmkn ]m]w G‰p ]dbptºmƒ ssZh-tIm-

]-Øn\p ]mb-›nØw hcp-∂p, c£n-°-s∏-SmØ

Btfm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ ssZhw \ymbm-[n-]-\m-Wv.

c£n-°-s∏-´-Xn\p tijw ssZhw Xs∂ ]pXnb

ÿm\-tØ°p hcp∂p AXv ]nXm-hns‚ ÿm\-amWv.

ssZhw \ymbm-[n-]-s\∂ \ne-bn¬ hnizm-kn-bpsS

apgp≥ ]m]-Øn-s‚bpw ]mb-›nØw kzoI-cn®p

Ign™p, AXp-sIm≠v \nXy-amb A¿∞-Øn¬ hnizm-

kn-tbmSp ssZh-Øn\p tIm]n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn√

(tbm-l. 5:24; tdma. 5:9; 8:1; 1 sX . 5:9). hnizmkn

]m]w sNøp-tºmƒ Hcp ]nXm-sh∂ \ne-bn¬ ssZh-

Øn\p Zp:Jap-≠m-Ip-∂p. ssZh-Øn\p tIm]w hcp-

hm-\p≈ km[y-X-bp-≠v. Xs‚ a°-fpsS ]m]-tØm-

Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ ]mb-›nØw h∂p-sh∂p Xs‚

hmb-\-°m¿ Adn-bp-hm≥ tbml-∂m≥ BK-ln-°p∂p

(1 tbm-l. 2:1˛2). InkvXp \ΩpsS ]mb-›nØw Bb-

Xp-sIm≠v c≠p kXy-ßƒ \ap°p e`n®p. H∂v, Hcp

ssZh-ss]-X-en\p ssZh-Øns‚ \nXy-amb tIm]-

Øn\v Cc-bmbnØocp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-X-√. CXv ]m]w

sNøp∂ hnizm-kn°v Dd∏p \¬Ip-∂p. c≠m-a-Xmbn

ssZh-Øn\p ]mb-›nØw e`n-®p. AXm-bXv \ΩpsS

]m]-tØm-Sp≈ ssZh-Øns‚ ]nXr-Xp-ey-amb tIm]w

Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-hm≥ a\ p Nmbv°p∂p. hnizm-kn-

bpsS ]m]-ßƒ°p InkvXp ]mb-›nØw hcp-Øn-

b-Xp-sIm≠v ssZhw hfsc Ffp-∏-Øn¬ Xs‚

Xmev°m-en-I-amb tIm]w am‰p-Ibpw £an-°p-Ibpw

sNøp∂p. hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v CXpw Hcp Biz-kn-∏n-


132

°p∂ kXy-am -Wv. ""Hcp -Ø≥ ]m]w sNbvXp

F¶ntem'' (1 tbml. 2:1). Iqip- ap-X¬ ssZhw

]mb›nØw sNø-s∏- -h-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. \mw \ΩpsS

]m]w G‰p-]-d-bp-tºmƒ ssZh-Øns‚ ]nXr-Xp-ey-amb

tIm]w hnizm-kn-bpsS ]m]-Øn-t∑-ep-≈-Xn\p ]mb-

›nØw hcp-∂p(1 tbml. 1:9). 35

C. ]mb›nØw F∂ D]-tZ-i-Øn¬ Dƒs∏SpØ-

s∏´ Db¿∂ Imcyßƒ.

hy‡n-]-chpw ]mc-º-cy-ambn e`n®-Xp-amb ]m]-ß-

fp-sS-ta¬ D≠m-bn-cp∂ ssZh-tIm]w InkvXp

ian∏n®psh∂Xp Ip™p-ß-fpsS c£ F∂ hnj-b-

Ønepw \nXy-in-£m-hn-[n-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Ønepw

henb kzm[o\w sNep-Øn-bn- p-≠v. hy‡n-]-c-amb

]m]-Øn-\-√, ]ns∂tbm InkvXp-hns\ Xnc-kv°-cn-

®-Xp-aq-e-amWv Hcp tZlnsb ssZhw in£ hn[n-°p-

∂Xv. As√-¶n¬ ssZhw t\m°p-tºmƒ Hcp

hy‡n°p hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Ign-hn-s√∂p

I≠m¬, Ipń-I-f-S-°-ap≈ C—m-i-‡n-bn-√m-Ø-h-tcmSp

ssZhw G‰hpw Ir]-bp-≈-h-\m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂p \ap°v

Dd-∏m-°mw. tbipIn-kvXp-hn-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ Hcp

hy‡n hnizm-k-tØmsS ]Xn-I-cn-°p-Itbm ]Xn-I-

cn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂-Xns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-

emWv \nXy-in£mhn[n e`n-°p-Itbm e`n-°m-Xn-cn-

°p-Itbm sNøp-∂-Xv. 6-˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ Cu

hnjbw hni-Zo-I-cn-®p-I-gn-™-Xm-Wv.

VI. ]m]]cn-lm-c-Øn¬ InkvXp-hns‚ c‡-Øn-\p≈

ÿm\w

InkvXob kaq-l-Øn¬, InkvXp-hns‚ c‡-

Øn\p≈ IrXy-amb ]¶n-s\-∏‰n sNdp-X-√mØ hmZ-

]-Xn-hm-Z-ßƒ \ne-\n¬°p-∂p. Nne¿ hmZn-°p-∂Xv

c‡w InkvXp-hns‚ IjvS-X-sbbpw ac-W-sØbpw

NnXo-I-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂mW.v AXp-sIm≠v uXn-I-amb

c‡-Øn\p Xmc-X-tay\ A]-[m\ ÿm\-am-Wp-≈Xv.

InkvXp-hns‚ ùXnIc‡-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-

Øne√ c£ \¬I-s∏- -sX∂p hmZn-°p-∂p. ChnsS

At\I tNmZy-ßƒ ]cn-K-Wn-t°-≠-Xm-bn-´p-≠v.

InkvXp-hns‚ IjvS-X-bp-sSbpw ac-W-Øn-s‚bpw

]Xn-I-amtWm c‡w AtXm, c‡w A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv

B£-co-I-amb c‡-sØ-bmtWm? InkvXp-hns‚

ùXn-I-amb c‡w, c‡w Zm\w sNøp-∂-Xn\v Bh-

iy-amtWm? Aß-s\-sb-¶n¬ Bhiy-am-b-sX√mw CXv

cq]-h-Xv°-cn-®n- pt≠m? AtXm InkvXp-hns‚ bmK-

Øn\v a‰p hi-ß-fpt≠m?

A. ss__n-fn¬ c‡-sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ \nco£Wßƒ

]cn-K-Wn-°p∂ Isø-gp-Øp-]-Xn-b-\p-k-cn®v ]pXn-b-\n-

b-a-Øn¬ c‡w F∂ hm°v GI-tZiw 99 ]mhiyw

tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p. 36 InkvXp-hns‚ c‡-sØ-

°p-dn®v GI-tZiw 38 ]mhiyw ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bpw.

_m°n-bp-≈Xv a\p-jys‚tbm arK-Øn-s‚tbm c‡-

sØ-bmWv Nq≠n-°m-Wn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv. c£ Zm\w

sNøp∂Xn\p InkvXphns‚ c‡w aXn-bm-b-Xm-

sW∂p hy‡-am-°p∂ thZ-`m -K-ßƒ ChnsS

\¬Ip∂p.

]ns∂ ]m\-]mXw FSpØp kvtXmXw sNm√n

Ah¿°p sImSpØp: F√m-hcpw CXn¬ \n∂p

IpSn-∏n≥. CXv At\-I¿°p-th≠n ]m]-tam-N-

\-Øn-\mbn sNmcn-bp∂ ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn-\p≈

Fs‚ c‡w (a-Øm-bn 26:27˛28).

(Im-Wp-I. a¿t°m. 14:24; eqt°m. 22:20).

tbip Ah-tcmSv ]d-™Xv: ""Bta≥, Bta≥

Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp ]d-bp-∂p: \nßƒ a\p-jy-

]p-Xs‚ amwkw Xn∂m-sXbpw Ahs‚ c‡w

IpSn-°m-sXbpw Ccp-∂m¬ \nßƒ°v D≈n¬

Poh≥ C√'' (tbm-l. 6:53).

(Im-Wp-I. tbml-∂m≥ 6:55˛56).

""\nß-sf-Ø-s∂bpw Xm≥ kz¥ c‡-Øm¬

kºm-Zn -®n -cn -°p∂ ssZh-Øns‚ k`sb

tabv]m≥ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv \nßsf A≤y-£-

cm°nsh® Bń≥Iq´w apgp-h-s\bpw kq£n-

®p-sImƒhn≥''(A-t∏m. ]h. 20:28).

hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿°p Ah≥ Xs‚ c‡w aqew

]mb-›n-Ø-am-Ip-hm≥ ssZhw Ahs\ ]c-ky-

ambn \ndp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p (tdm-a. 3:25).

Ahs‚ c‡Øm¬ \oXn -I -cn -°-s∏´

tijtam \mw Ah-\m¬ FX A[n-I-ambn

tIm]-Øn¬ \n∂p c£n-°-s∏Spw (tdm-a. 5:9).

\mw A\p-K-ln -°p∂ A\p-K-l-]mXw


35 eqt°mkv 18:13˛¬ ImWp∂ ]m¿∞-\bv°v Iqin-\p-tijw ImenI ]m[m\yw Cs√∂p Nne¿ Nn¥n-°p-∂p.InkvXp-hns‚ acWw apX¬ ssZhsa ]mb-›nØw kzoI-cn-°-W-sa-sb∂p Bcpw ]m¿∞n-t°≠ Bh-iy-an-√.ImcWw ssZhw apgp-tem-I-Øn-s‚bpw ]m]-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ ]mb-›nØw G‰p Ign-™n-cn-°p-∂p. F∂n-cp-∂mepwssZhw Ahn-izm-kn-bpsS ]m]-tØmSp tIm]n-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v (2 sX . 1:8˛9), InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-tºmƒ,eqt°m. 18- ¬ ImWp∂ ]m]n-bpsS ]m¿∞\ Ct∏mgpwA\ptbmPyamsW∂p ImWp∂p.

36 sImsem. 1: 14˛¬ c‡-Øn-\p-]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ hm°n\p`n∂Xm¿∞ßfp≠v.

133

InkvXp-hns‚ c‡-Øns‚ Iq´mbva A√tbm?

(1 sImcn. 10:16).

A∆Æw Xs∂ AØmgw Ign-™-tijw

Ah≥ ]m\-]m-Xhpw FSØp; Cu ]m\-]mXw

Fs‚ c‡-Øn¬ ]pXn-b-\n-baw BIp∂p;

CXp IpSn-°p-tºm-sgm-s°bpw Fs‚ Hm¿Ω-

bv°mbn sNbvhn≥ F∂p ]d™p. Aßs\

\nßƒ Cu A∏w Xn∂p-Ibpw ]m\-]mXw

IpSn -°p -Ibpw sNøp -tºm-sgm -s°bpw

I¿Ømhp hcp-thmfw Ahs‚ c‡sØ

]kvXm-hn-°p∂p. AXp-sIm≠v Atbm-Ky-ambn

A∏w Xn∂p-Itbm I¿Øm-hns‚ ]m\-]mXw

IpSn-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂-h≥ F√mw I¿Øm-

hns‚ ico-chpw c‡hpw kw_-‘n®v Ip‰-°m-

c≥ BIpw (1 sImcn. 11:25˛27).

Ah-\n¬ \ap°v Ahs‚ c‡-Øm¬ AXn-

I-a-ß-fpsS tamN-\-sa∂ hos≠-Sp∏v D≠v

(F-s^. 1:7).

apsº Zqc-ÿ-cm-bn-cp∂ \nßƒ Ct∏mƒ

InkvXp-tb-ip-hn¬ InkvXp-hns‚ c‡-Øm¬

kao-]-ÿ-cmbnØo¿∂p (F-s^. 2:13).

Ah≥ Iqin¬ sNmcn™ c‡w sIm≠p

Ah≥ apJm-¥ncw kam-[m\w D≠m°n; `qan-

bn -ep-≈tXm kz¿§-Øn-ep-≈tXm kI-e-

sØbpw Ah-s\-s°m≠p Xt∂mSp \nc-∏n-

∏m\pw ]nXm -hn\p ]kmZw tXm∂n

(sIm-sem. 1:20).

(Nne `mjm-¥-c-ß-fn¬ sImsem. 1:14 ImWp-I).

B´p-sIm‰-∑m-cp-sSbpw ]ip-°n-Sm-°-fp-sSbpw

c‡-Øm-e√ kz¥ c‡-Øm¬Øs∂ Hcn-°-

em-bn´p hnip-≤a-µn-c-Øn¬ ]th-in®v Ft∂-

°p -ap -s≈mcp hos≠-Sp∏v km[n -∏n®p

(F-_m. 9:12).

Xs‚ c‡-Øm¬ hnip≤a-µn-c-Øn-te-°p≈

]th-i\-Øn¬ ss[cyhpw... (F-_m. 10:19).

ssZh-]p-Xs\ Nhn- n-°-f-bp-Ibpw Xs∂ hnip-

≤o-I-cn®p \nbac‡sØ aen\w F∂p \ncq-

]n-°p-Ibpw Ir]-bpsS Bflm-hns\ \nµn-°p-

Ibpw sNbvX-h≥ FX ITn\tadnb

in£bv°p ]mX-amIpw F∂p hnNm-cn-∏n≥

(F-_m. 10:29).

]m-]-tØmSp t]mcm-Sp-∂-Xn¬ \nßƒ CXp-hsc

]mW-Xym-K-tØmfw(c‡s®mcn®ntemfw)

FXn¿Øp \n∂n- n-√ (F-_m. 12:4).

]p-Xp-\n-b-a-Øns‚ a≤y-ÿ-\mb tbip-hn\pw

lmt_-ens‚ c‡-Øm¬ KpW-I-c-ambn kwkm-

cn-°p∂ ]pWymlc‡-Øn\pw ASp-°-esX

\nßƒ h∂n-cn-°p-∂Xv (F-_m. 12:24 ).

Aßs\ tbiphpw kz¥ c‡-Øm¬

P\sØ hnip-≤o-I-cn-t°-≠-Xn\p \K-c-hm-Xn-

en\p ]pd -Øp-h®p IjvSw A\p-` -hn -®p

(F-_m. 13:12).

\nXy-\n-b-a-Øns‚ c‡-Øm¬ BSp-I-fpsS

henb CS-b-\mb \ΩpsS I¿Øm-hmb tbip-

hns\ acn-®-h-cpsS CS-bn¬ \n∂p aS-°n-h-cp-

Ønb kam-[m-\-Øns‚ ssZhw \nßsf

Ahs‚ CjvSw sNbvhm≥ X°-hÆw F√m

\∑-bnepw bYm-ÿm-\-s∏-SpØn X\n°p ]km-

Z -ap -≈Xv \Ωn¬ \nh¿-Øn-°p -am -d -I -s´

(F-_m-b¿ 13:20˛21).

]nXm-hmb ssZh-Øns‚ ap∂-dn-hn-s\m-Ø-hÆw

Bflm-hns‚ hnip-≤o-I-cWw ]m]n®v A\p-k-

cWw ImWn-∏m\pw tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ c‡-

Øm¬ Xfn-°-s∏-Sp-hm-\p-ambn hrX-∑m¿°v

Fgp-Xp-∂-Xv... (1 ]sXm. 1:2).

hy¿∞hpw ]nXr-]m-c-º-cy-hp-ap≈ \nß-fpsS

\S-∏n¬ \n∂p \nßsf hos≠-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂Xv

s]m∂v, sh≈n, apX-emb Agn-™p-t]m-Ip∂

hkvXp-°-sf-s°m-≠√ InkvXp F∂ \n¿t±m-

jhpw \njvI-f-¶-hp-amb Ip™m-Sns‚ hne-tb-

dnb c‡w-sIm-≠sX F∂p \nßƒ Adn-bp-

∂p-ht√m (1 ]sXm. 1:18˛19).

Ah≥ shfn-®-Øn¬ Ccn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse \mw

shfn-®-Øn¬ \S-°p-∂p-sh¶n¬ \ap°p

XΩn¬ Iq´mbva D≠v. Ahs‚ ]pX-\mb

tbip-hns‚ c‡w kI-e-]m-]hpw t]m°n

\sΩ ip≤o-I-cn-°p∂p (1 tbml. 1:7).

Pe-Ømepw c‡-Ømepw h∂-h≥ Ch≥

BIp-∂p. tbip-InkvXp Xs∂: Pe-Øm¬

amX-a√, Pe-Ømepw c‡-Ømepw Xs∂.

Bflmhp km£yw ]d-bp∂p; Bflmhp kXy-

a-t√m. km£yw ]d-bp-∂-h¿ aqh¿ D≠v. Bflm-

hv, Pew, c‡w. Cu aq∂n-s‚bpw km£yw

H∂p Xs∂ (1 tbml. 5:6, 8).

\sΩ Xs‚ c‡-Øm¬ hnSp-hn®p... (sh-fn.1:6).

]pkvXIw hmßp-hm\pw AXns‚ apZ s]m´n-

∏m\pw \o tbmKy≥ \o Adp-°-s∏´ \n s‚

c‡w sIm≠v k¿∆-tKm-X-Ønepw mj-bnepw

hwi-Ønepw PmXn-bn¬ \n∂p-≈-hsc ssZh-

Øn-\mbn hne°p hmßn(sh-fn-∏mSv 5:9).

Ch¿ alm IjvS-Øn¬ \n∂p h∂-h¿ Ip™m-


134

Sns‚ c‡-Øn¬ Xß-fpsS A¶n Ae°n

shfp-∏n-®n-cn-°p∂p (sh-fn. 7:14).

Ah¿ Ahs\ Ip™m-Sns‚ c‡w tlXp-hm-

bn´pw Xß-fpsS km£y hN\w tlXp-hm-

bn´pw Pbn-®p... (sh-fn. 12:11).

B. ]m]-]-cn-lm-c-Øn¬ InkvXp-hns‚ c‡-Øn-\p≈

]¶n-s\-∏-‰n-bp≈ \nK-a-\-ßƒ

1. c‡w Hcp ]Xo-I-sØ-°mƒ D]-cn-bm-Wv. InkvXp-

hns‚ c‡-s®m-cn -®n-en-s\-°mƒ A[n-I-am-bXv

InkvXp-hns‚ bmX-\-tbm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ kw -hn-

®-Xmbn \ap°p a- n-em-°mw. F∂n-cp-∂mepw c£

t\Sp-∂-Xn\p InkvXp-hns‚ c‡w A]-[m-\-amb

]¶p hln-s®∂ \ne-bn¬ Cu kXyw -X-cw-Xm-gvØp-

∂n√. c£n-Xm-hn-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ c‡s®mcn-

®n¬ F∂ GI-bmKw/ hne amX-a-√ D≈X.v F∂m¬

InkvXp-hns‚ bmK-Øns‚ G‰hpw Bh-iy-amb LS-

I-am-Wn-Xv. sNmcn-b-s∏´ c‡-an-√msX c£ Hcn-°epw

km[n-°p-I-bn-√. ]pXnb \nbaw InkvXp-hns‚ c‡-

s®m-cn-®n-en\p henb ]m[m\yw Iev]n-°p-Ibpw

AXns\ ]m]-]-cn-lm-c-Øns‚ F√m ][m\ LS-I-

ß-fp-ambn _‘n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p(D-Zm. ]m]£a

aØmbn. 26:28, Fs^. 1:7; \oXn-I-cWw tdma. 5:9;

hos≠-Sp-∏v˛Fs^. 1:7, F_m. 9:12; 1 ]sXm. 1:19,

shfn. 5:9; \nc-∏v sImsem. 1:20; ]mb-›nØw

tdma. 3:25).

]m]-Øns‚ e-amb in£-I-fn-sem-∂mWv imcocnI

ac-Ww. a\p-jys‚ c£bv°v AXym-h-iy-amb imcn-

cn-I-amb c‡-s®m-cn-®n¬ IqSmsX hos≠-Sp∏v, ]mb-

›nØw, \nc-∏v, \oXn-I-cWw Ch a\p-jy-h¿§-Øn\p

t\Sp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-X-√. c£ Zm\w sNøp-∂-Xn\v

InkvXp-hns‚ ""c‡sØ'' Hcp ]Xo-Iambpw Hcp

sNdnb LS-I-ambpw Hcn-°epw ImWp-hm≥ ]mSn-√.

F¶nepw CXn-t\mSp Xpey-amb \ne-bn¬ In-kvXp-

hns‚ c‡-s®m-cn-®n-en-t\mSp tN¿∂v thsdbpw XymK-

ßfpw thZ-\-Ifpw A\p- -hn®p F∂p-≈Xv ][m-\-

s∏- -Xm-Wv. ]pXn-b-\n-ba Fgp-Øp-Im¿ ""c‡w'' F∂

hm°v D]-tbm-Kn-®-t∏mƒ, InkvXp-hns‚ B£-cnI

c‡-ambpw Ah-s‚- I-jvS-X-Ifpw ac-W-ambpw I≠n-

cp-∂p. ""c‡w'' F∂Xv c‡sØØs∂-bmWv

A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv. F∂m¬ CXn\v Bg-ta-dnb Hcp

A¿∞-ap-≠v. CXv D∂Xamb Hcp ac-W-sØbpw

thZ\sb bpw bmK-sØbpw ImWn-°p-∂p.

2. c£ Zm\w sNøp-∂-Xn\p ]h¿Øn® InkvXp-

hns‚ c‡w IqSm-sX-bp≈ LS-I-ßƒ. Iqins\

]q¿Æ-ambn a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Hcn-°epw Ign-bp-∂-

X√. c‡w IqSmsX thsdbpw LS-I-ßƒ Iqin¬

]h¿Øn-®-Xmbn \ap°v Dd-∏m°mw Hcp uXnI a\p-

jy-s\∂ \ne-bn¬ Xs‚ ]cn-tO-Z-\-k-a-b-Øpw,

ss]X¬ ]mb-Øn¬ ]√p-Iƒ s]mgn-™-t∏mgpw

InkvXp thZ\n®n-´p-≠v. Hcp ]t£ Bim-cn-∏Wn

sNbvX-t∏mgpw ITn-\-amb hgn-bn-eqsS bmX sNbvX-

t∏mgpw tbip- thZ\ A\p- -hn-®ncn°mw. ]oem-tØm-

kns‚ Bfp-Iƒ NΩ- nsIm-≠-Sn-®-t∏mgpw, ap≈p-Iƒ

Xe-bn¬ Xpf-™pI-b-dn-b-t∏mgpw tbip c‡w

sNmcn™p. F∂m¬ ]m] ]cn-lm-c-Øn\v Cu c‡-

Øp-≈nIƒ amXw aXn-bm-Ip-∂-X-√.

""]m]-Øns‚ iºfw ac-W-asX' F∂p-≈Xv

BflnI ac-W-sØ-bmWv ][m-\-ambpw ImWn-°p-

∂-sX-∂p≈ Cu ]kvXm-h\ \mw BZyw ]cn-K-Wn-

°-Ww. imcocnI ac-W-Øns‚ in£ InkvXp A\p-

-hn-®p. CXv B£-cn-I-ambpw ]q¿Æ-ambpw Bh-iy-

am-Wv. F¶nepw InkvXp BflnIac-W-Øn-s‚bpw

\nXyac-W-Øns‚bpw thZ\ A\p-`-hn®p. Ah≥

BflnIacWw hln®p, AXm-bXv, ]nXm-hmb ssZh-

Øn¬ \n∂p th¿s]-Sp∂p (a-Øm. 27:46). amX-a√,

\nXy-\-c-I-Øns‚ \nXy-a-c-Whpw A\p- -hn®p. tbip-

InkvXp kln-®Xv \nXy-\-c-I-Ønt‚Xpt]mse-bp≈

in£-b√ \nXy-\-c-I-Øn\p Xpey-aq-ey-ap-≈ in£-

bmWv. P\-tIm-Sn-Iƒ Xß-fpsS ]m]-Øn-\p-th≠n

sImSp-t°≠p∂, P\-tIm-Sn-I-fpsS in£-bmb \nXy-

\-c-I-Ønse thZ\ InkvXp A\p-`-hn-°p-I-bm-bn-

cp∂p. CXv Iqinse Nne aWn-°q-dp-Iƒs°m≠v

A\p-`-hn-®p. c‡s®m-cn-®n¬ Bh-iy-am-bn-cp-∂p.

F∂m¬ ]cn-tO-Z\mka-b-Øp≈ InkvXp-hns‚ c‡-

s®m-cn-®nepw Iqinse c‡-s®m-cn-®nepw XΩn-ep≈

hyXymkw InkvXp Iqin¬ InS-∂Xv ]m]w Npa-∂p-

sIm-≠mW.v c‡-sam-gp-t°-≠Xv Bh-iy-amWv.

F∂m¬ InkvXp ]m]w Npa-∂p-sIm≠p InS-∂ -k-

a-bØv Hgp-°-s∏´ c‡-Øn-\mWv ]m]]cn-lmcw

\¬Ip-hm≥ km[n-°p∂Xv. As√-¶n¬ c‡-Øntem

c‡w aqetam ssZh-Øns‚ e£yw t\Sp-∂n-√.

InkvXp ]m]w Npa-∂p-sIm≠v Iqin¬ InS∂ ka-

bØp sNmcn™ c‡-amWv c£bv°v Bh-iy-am-bn-

´p -≈-Xv. amX-a-√, ]m]w hln-°p-∂p-sh-∂p≈

Nn¥bv°v ]m[m\yw sImSp-°p-tºmƒ InkvXp

kln® a‰p≈ bmX-\-I-fpsS Bg-ß-fn-te°pw a\ p

Xpd-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. InkvXp-hns‚ c‡w B£-cn-Ihpw

Bh-iy-hp-am-Wv. F∂m¬ \ap°v A⁄m-X-amb

thsd IjvS-X-I-fp-≠v. kz¿§tam \c-Itam \ap°v

]q¿Æ-ambpw a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-Xp-t]mse

CXpw ]q¿Æ-ambpw a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂n-√.

AXp-sIm≠v c‡sØ InkvXp-hns‚ IjvS-X-bnse

G‰hpw ][m-\y-ap≈ LS-I-ambn ss__nƒ ImWn-


135

°p-∂p. c‡w Bh-iy-am-Wv, CXv \ap°v G‰hpw

\∂mbn Adn-bp-hm≥ Ign-bp∂ LS-I-hp-am-Wv.

F∂m¬ c‡-s®m-cn-®n-en-s\-°mƒ A[n-I-ambn

k¶o¿Æhpw thZ-\m-P-\-I-hp-amWv c£.

F∂m¬ Ahs\ XI¿Øp-I-f-bp-hm≥ btlm-

hbv°p CjvSw tXm∂n. Ah≥ Ah∂p IjvSw

hcpØn Ahs‚ ]mW≥ Hcp AIr-Xy-bm-K-

ambnXo¿∂n- pw.... (sb-i. 53:10).

Fs‚ ssZhta Fs‚ ssZhta \o Fs∂

ssIhn- Xv F¥v F∂¿∞w (a-Ømbn 27:46).

VII. ]m]-]-cn-lm-c-Øns‚ A¿∞hpw hym]vXnbpw

A. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse ]m]-]-cn-lmcw

IrXy-ambn ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse arK-_n-tbmSp _‘-s∏-

´p-≈-Xm-Wv. Im]m¿ F∂ Inb (tbmw In∏q¿ Yomkippur)( alm -]m-] -]-cn-lm-c- Zn-h-kw) GI-tZiw 102

]mhiyw ImWs∏Sp∂p. amX-a√ CXns‚ 3 -X-c-Øn-

ep≈ \ma-cq-]-ßƒ GI-tZiw 52 ]mhiyw tcJ-s∏-

Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]m]-]-cn-lmcw ]e hi-ß-fp≈

k¶o¿Æ-amb Bi-b-am-Wv.

1. ]m]-]-cn-lm-c-Øns‚ Hcp hiw ]m]sØ aqSp-Itbm

]cn-l-cn-°p-Itbm sNøpI (A-Xm-bXv ]m]-Øns‚

Ip‰-ß-sfbpw IS-∏m-Sp-I-sfbpw \o°n-°-f-bp-I) F∂-

Xm-Wv. Dev]-Øn. 6:14˛¬ ssZhw t\ml-tbmSp Hcp

s]´Iw D≠m°n ""AIØpw ]pdØpw Io¬

tX°Ww (AXv aqSWw F∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ AhnsS

Inbbpw \mahpw hcp-∂p. ]m]-]-cn-lm-c-Øn\p D]-

tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ hm°p-Iƒ°v aqSpI F∂ auen-I-

amb A¿∞w \¬Ip-∂Xv Dev]Øn 6:14 -B-Wv. ]ptcm-

ln-X-∑m¿ Ir]m-k\w (F_mb \maw ]m]]cn-lmc

]oTw) c‡w D]-tbm-Kn®p aqSWw. tdm-a¿ 3 : 25, F_m-

b¿ 9- 10 A≤ym-b-ßƒ F∂o thZ- m-K-ß-f-\p-k-cn®v

]g-b-\n-bahyh-ÿ-bn¬ ]m]-ßƒ Xmev°m-en-I-ambn

aqSp-∂-X-√msX Ah Ft∂-°p-ambn \o°p-∂n-√.

InkvXp-hns‚ bmKw IrXy-ambn ]m]-]-cn-lmcw hcp-

Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]g-b-\n-ba ]m]]-cn-lm-c-Øn¬

InkvXp-hns‚ hc-hp-hsc ]m]-ßsf aqSn-s°m≠v

]m]-Øns‚ IS-a-bn¬ \n∂p XmXv°m-en-I-ambn hnSp-

X¬ \¬Ip-∂-Xmbn°mWp-∂-XmWv _p≤n.

2. ]m]-]-cn-lm-c-Øns‚ c≠m-asØ hiw ssZh-tIm-

]-Øn-\p≈ ]mb-›n-Øhpw tIm]w hgnXncn®p

hnSp∂XpamWv. ]g-b-\n-ba ]m]-]-cn-lm-c-tØmSpw

G‰gpw ASpØ _‘-ap≈ Hcp ]pXnb \nba

Bibw Hcp ss__nƒ ]Tn-Xmhpw Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-

I-bm-sW¶n¬ AXv ]mb-›n-Ø-am-bn-cn°pw. F_mb

Im]m¿(Yom kippur) F∂ hm°n\v sk]v‰zPns‚

]cn- m-j-bn¬ km[m-c-W-bmbn D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂

Ko°v hm°v ]mb-›nØw F∂ Bi-b-Øn\pw

D]tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ hm°p Xs∂-bm-Wv. IqSmsX

F_m. 2:17 BWv bmK-Øn-eqsS ]mb-›nØw hcp-

Øp∂ ]ptcm-ln-Xs‚ thesb (Cu ]›m-Ø-e-

Øn¬ InkvXp) shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ ][m\ thZ- m-Kw.

AXp-sIm≠v P\-Øns‚ ]m]-ßƒ°p ]mb-

›nØw hcp-Øp-hm≥ Ah≥ Icp-W-bp-≈-

h\pw ssZh-Im-cy-Øn¬ hnizkvX alm-]p-tcm-

ln-X\pw BtI-≠-Xn\p kI-e-Ønepw Xs‚

ktlm-Z-c-∑m-tcmSp kZr-iy-\m-bn-Øo-cp-hm≥

Bh-iy-am-bn-cp∂p (F-_m. 2:17).

tIm]w am‰p-∂-Xn-\mbn Hcp hne \¬Ip-∂-Xn-\mbpw

Zm\w sNøp-∂-Xn-\mbpw ]m]]cn-lm-c- Ip-Spw-_-Ønse

Hcp hm°v D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xn\p At\Iw ]g-b-

\n-ba DZm-l-c-W-ß-fp-≠v. Xt∂mSv AI-∂p-I-gn-™n-

cp∂ Xs‚ ktlm-Z-c-\mb Gim-hn-t\mSv bmt°m_v

ASp-°m-dm-b-t∏mƒ Gim-hns‚ tIm]w im¥-am-°m≥

BSp-am-Sp-I-fpsS Iq´sØ kΩm-\-ambn Ab-bv°p-∂p.

F\n°p apºmbn t]mIp∂ kΩm-\w-sIm≠p

Ahs\ im¥-am-°o´p (F-_mb ]m]- ]-cn-

lmcw) ]ns∂ Rm≥ Ahs‚ apJw I≠p-sIm

≈mw; ]t£ Ah\v Ft∂mSp Zb tXm∂p-am-

bn-cn°pw F∂p ]d-™p (D-ev]. 32:20).

kZr-ihm-Iy-ßƒ 16:14 A\p-k-cn®v ⁄m\-ap≈ a\p-

jy≥ cmPm-hns‚ tIm[sØ ian-∏n-°p-∂p (]m-]- ]cn-

lmcw). ]m]-]-cn-lm-c-Øns‚ \n¿h-N-\-Øn-\p-≈n¬

]mb-›nØw F∂ Bi-bhpw Dƒs∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xm-

bn-´p-≠v.

3. hos≠-Sp-∏v, ]oXn Ch Dd-∏m-°p-hm≥ Hcp hne

\¬Ip-∂-XmWv ]m]-]-cn-lm-c-Øns‚ aq∂m-asØ

hiw. ]m]-]-cn-lmc ]Z-°q- -Ønse F_mb \m-a-

cq]w km[m-c-W-bmb adp-hne F∂p ]cn- m-j-s∏-Sp-

Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]g-b-\n-ba bmKm¿∏-W-Øn¬ Ip‰-

an-√m-Ø-h≥ Ip‰-°m-c\pth≠n hne \¬Ip∂ ImgvN

ImWp-hm≥ _p≤n-ap- n-√. ]pd. 32:30- ¬, Imf-°p- nsb

Bcm-[n-°pI F∂ ]m]-Øn\v ]mb-›nØw hcp-Øp-

hm≥ Xm≥ ian-°m-sa∂p tamsi bnkm-tb¬a-°-

tfmSv ]d-bp-∂p. bnkm-tb-ens\ \ne \n¿tØ-≠-Xn\p

Xs‚ Pohs\ ssZh-Øn\p \¬Im-sa∂v Ah≥

XpS¿∂p ]d-bp∂p. kwJym-]p-kvXIw 35:31˛¬ ImWp-

∂Xv P\sØ `cn-°p-∂-h¿ acW-tbm-Ky-\mb sIme-

]m-X-Is‚ Poh-\p-th≠n hne (]m-]-]-cn-lm-cw) hmß-

cp-sX-∂m-Wv. \ymbm-[n-]-∑m-cpsS ]oXn-t\-Sp-hm-\mbn

Ah¿ adp-hne FSp-°-cp-sX-∂mWv CXv A¿∞-am-°p-


136

∂-Xv. ]m]]cn-lm-c-Øn\v CtX A¿∞w Xs∂-bmWv.

1 iap. 12:3˛¬ ImWp-∂Xv bnkm-tb¬ cmPm-hns\

ho≠pw Dd-∏n-°p-hm≥ iap-th¬ Hcp-ßp-∂-Xn-s\-bmWv.

F∂m¬ BZyw Ah≥ Xs‚ Xs∂ kXy-k-‘X

Im°p∂p.

...-Rm≥ h√-h-s\bpw N-Xn-®n-´pt≠m? h√-h-

s\bpw ]oUn-∏n-®n- pt≠m? Rm≥ h√-h-s‚bpw

ssIbn¬\n∂pw ssI°qen (]m-]-]-cn-lm-c∏-

Ww) hmßn Fs‚ IÆp Ipcp-Sm-°n-bn- pt≠m?

(1 iaq. 12:3).

Cu hmIy-Øn¬ Hcp adp-hne, ssI°qen, ]oXn Ch

e`n-°p-hm≥ \¬Ip∂ hne-tbmSp _‘-s∏-ń-´p≈

hm°mWv ]m]-]-cn-lm-c-Øn-\p-]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≈Xv Bh.

32:43˛¬ ssZhw F_m-b-cpsS iXp-°ƒ°v ]I-cw-

hoń Ah-cpsS c‡-Øn\p ]Xn-Imcw sNøp-sa∂p

tamsi Dd-∏p-\¬Ip-∂p. Aßs\ Ah≥ ""Xs‚ tZi-

Øn\pw P\Øn\pw ]m]-]-cn-lmcw hcpØpw'' P\-

sØbpw tZi-sØbpw Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ bnkm-

tb-ens‚ iXp-°sf ssZhw CS-bm-°pw. ]oXn t\Sp-

hm≥ hne \¬Ip-∂Xv ]m] ]cn-lm-c-Øns‚ as‰mcp

hi-am-sW∂v Cu ]tbm-K-ßƒ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂p.

Hcp _‘sØ t\sc-bm-°p-hm≥ hne \¬IpI F∂

Bi-b-Øn¬, hos≠-Sp∏v ]m]]cn-lm-c-Øn¬ AS-ßn-

bn-cn-°p-∂p. 37 k¶o. 49:7˛¬ hos≠-Sp∏pw ]m] ]cn-

lm-chpw kam-¥-c-ambn \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

4. \nc-∏mWv ]m]-]-cn-lm-c-Øns‚ \mem-asØ hiw.

]g-b -\n-ba bmK-Øns‚ e£yw a\p-jys\ ssZh-

tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Ønte°p sIm≠p-h-cp-hm-\m-sW∂v

hy‡-am-Wv. AXm-bXv \nc-∏n-te°p \bn-°p-I. InMv

sPbnwkv ]cn- m-j-I¿ Ggp hmIy-ß-fn¬ (D-Zm. tehy.

8:15; Fs^. 45:15, 17 XpS-ßn-b-h)]m] ]cn-lm-c-Øns‚

A¿∞w \nc-s∏-∂mWv Nn¥n-°p-∂-Xv.

5. kwKlw: ]gb \nb-a-Øn¬ arK-ßsf bmK-a¿∏n-

°p-∂-Xns‚ ]m[m\yw Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-hm≥ D]-tbm-

Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ hm°mWv ]m]-]-cn-lm-cw. Cu Bi-b-

Øn¬ At\Iw LS-I-ßƒ Dƒs°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.

bYm¿∞ ssZh-Ip-™mSv bmK-a¿∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xp

hsc arK-c‡w ]m]-ßsf XmXv°m-en-I-ambn aqSp∂p.

Iqin¬ Ahkm\ ]cn-lmcw \S-°p-∂-Xp-hsc ]m]-

Øns‚ IS-a-bn¬ \n∂pw Ip‰-Øn¬ \n∂pw Hcp

XmXv°m-enI]cn-lmcw (]m-b-›n-Øw) D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

]g-b-\n-bahy‡n bmK-ßƒ A¿∏n®v Xs‚ ssZh

hnizmkw ]I-S-am-°p-tºmƒ (c-£-t\-Sp-hm≥ kzb-

\oXn Al-¶mcw Ch-bn-eq-sS-bp≈ ia-Øn\p hn]-

co-X-am-bn), Ah≥ c£n-°-s∏´p. 38

InkvXp-hns‚ bmKsØ ]Xo-£n-®p-sIm≠v ssZh-

hn-izmkw ]I-am-°p-hm≥ A¿∏n-°-s∏´ B arK-bm-

K-ßƒ ]m]-]-cn-lm--cØn\p Imc-W-am-bn. Ah

]m]sØ aqSp-Ibpw (]m-]-]-cn-lm-cw) XmXv°m-en-I-

ambn AXns‚ IS-∏m-Sp-I-fn¬ \n∂pw Ip‰-ß-fn¬

\n∂pw hnSp-X¬ \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ah¿ Hcp

hne \¬In (ho-s≠-Sp-∏v) Ahs‚ tIm]w ian-∏n-°p-

Ibpw (]m-b-›n-Øw) X∑qew ssZh-Øns‚ ]oXn

t\Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. bm-K-ßƒ aqew ]I-S-am-°nb

ssZh-Øn-ep-ff hnizm-kw-aqew ssZh-hp-ambn _‘-

ap-≠mbn (\n-c-∏v). ]m]-]-cn-lmcw F∂ hm°v ar-K-

bm-K-ßƒ aqew ]q¿Øn-bm-°nb kI-e-Øn\pw

th≠n \ne-sIm-≈p∂p (aq-Sp-I, hos≠-Sp-∏v, ]mb-›n-

Øw, \nc-∏v).

B. ssZh-im-kvX-]-c-amb ]Zsa∂ \nebn¬ ]m]-]-

cn-lmcw

]m]]cnlmcw Hcp ]pXn-b-\n-ba ]Z-a√. InMv

sPbnwkv ]cn- m-j-bn¬ tdma¿ 5:11˛¬ CXv ImWp-

∂p-≠v. ]t£ AXv Hcp- sX-‰mb ]cn-`m-j-bmWv.

F¶nepw, ]pXn-b-\n-baw, ]tXy-In®v F_mb teJ-

\-Ønse ]Tn-∏n-°-en-\-\p-k-cn®v ]g-b-\n-babmKßƒ


37hne \¬IpI F∂ Bi-bsØ Dƒs°m-≈p∂ a‰p

hmIy-ßƒ ]pd-∏mSv 30; 12; kwJy. 31:50; Bh. 21:1˛9; sbi.43:3. ]gb \nb-a-Øn¬ hos≠-Sp-∏n-s\-°p-dn®v s]mXp-hmbHcp Bi-b-ap-s≠∂v Icp-Xmw. ssZh-ap-ºmsI Dd®p\nev°p-∂-Xn\v Hcp hne \evIn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]pXn-b-\n-bawIqSp-X¬ hy‡-ambn hos≠-Sp∏ns\ ASn-a-bpsS hmßepw

hntam-N-\-hp-ambn Iqń-t®¿Øn-cn-°p-∂p.

38 c£ \¬Ip-hm≥ arK-ß-fpsS bmK-ßƒsIm≠p amXwIgn-bp-∂-X-√(k-¶o. 40:6; 51:16˛17; sbi. 1:11; Btamkv 5:22; aoJ. 6:6˛8). ]g-b-\n-ba hnip-≤-∑m¿ hnizm-k-Øm¬c£n-°-s∏- p(D-ev]. 15: 6, tdma. 4: F_m. 11:2). arK-ßsfbmKw A¿∏n-°p-∂-Xn-eqsS ]g-b-\n-b-a-hn-ip-≤-∑m¿ Xß-fpsS hnizm-ksØ ]I-Sn-∏n-°-W-sa-∂p ssZhw Bh-iy-s∏-´p). arK-ß-fpsS c‡-Øns‚ icn-bmb ]¶v F¥m-sW∂v Ah¿°v Adn-bm≥ ]mSn-s√-¶nepw arK-Øns‚c‡w aXn-bm-b-X-s√∂v Ah¿°dn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p. ssZhwBh-iy-s∏- Xv Ah¿ efn-X-ambn \nh¿Øn-°p-Ibpw, c£-bpsS F√m hi-ßfpw ssZhw Xs‚ ka-bØv Xs‚ hgn-bneqsS \nh¿Øn-°p-sa∂v hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.kXy-Øn¬ ssZhw ]g-b-\n-ba P\-tØmSp ]d-™Xv:""bmK-Øn\p amXw \nßsf ]q¿Æ-ambn c£n-∏m≥ Ign-bn-s√∂pw F∂m¬ Ahsb A¿∏n®v \nßƒ F∂n¬Bi-bn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw thWw.c£bv°v Bh-iy-amb _m°n-bp-ff Imcy-ßƒ Rm≥sNbvXp Xtc-≠-Xn\p F∂n¬ Bi-bn-°pI.'' hnizmkwIqSmsX Xß-fpsS \oXn-]-h¿Øn-IƒsIm≠v c£ t\Sm-sa∂p Nn¥n-®p-sIm≠v bmK-a¿∏-®-h≥ arK-ßsf bmK-a¿∏n-°p-∂-Xns‚ ]tbm-P\w \jvS-am-°p-I-bmWv.

137

InkvXp-hns‚ bmKsØ NnXo-I-cn-°p-∂p. AXp-

sIm≠v ssZh-im-kvX-⁄-∑m¿ Iqinse thesb

apgp-h-\mbn tN¿Øp-sIm≠p ]d-bp∂ Hcp ]Z-amWv

]m]-]-cn-lmcw. c£ Zm\w sNøp-∂-Xn\p InkvXp-

hns‚ acWw ]q¿Øn-bm-°nb F√m-‰n-s\bpw hnfn-

°p-∂-XmWv ]m]-]-cn-lm-cw. Hcmƒ F√mw Dƒs∏-Sp-

Øn-s°m≠v Iqinse Hcp hi-Øn\p amXw (ho-s≠-

Sp-∏v, \nc-∏v, ]mb-›nØw XpS-ßn-b-h) ]m[m\yw

sImSp-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ ]m]-]-cn-lmcw F∂

]tbmKw A\p-tbm-Py-am-Wv.

C. ]m]-]-cn-lm-c-Øns‚ hym]vXn

""A©v ]amWw'' hniz-kn-°p∂ Im¬hn≥ Nn¥m-K-

Xn-°m¿, Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏- -h¿°p-th≠n amX-amWv

InkvXp acn-®-sX∂p hniz-kn-°p-∂p. Cu ]cn-anX

]m]-]-cn-lm-c-Øn¬ hfsc \√ InkvXob hnizm-kn-

Ifpw hniz-kn-°p-∂p-sh-∂p-≈Xv hmkvX-h-am-sW

¶nepw ssZh-h-N-\w ]Tn-∏n-°p∂Xv ]cn-an-X-an-√mØ

]m]-]-cn-lm-c-sØ-bmWv. temI-Øn\p apgp-h-\p-th-≠n

]mb-›n-Øhpw (1 tbml. 2:2) \nc∏pw (2 sImcn.

5:19), hos≠-Sp∏pw ( 2 ]-sXm. 2:1) t\Sn-b-Xmbn ]m]

]cn-lmcw A¿∞-am-°p∂p. ]cn-an-Xn-b-√mØ ]m]

]-cn-lmcw ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ thZ- m-K-ßƒ Xmsg \evIp∂p.

""CXm temI-Øns‚ ]m]w Npa-°p∂ ssZh-

Ip-™mSv'' (tbml. 1:29).

""....-ssZhw Ahs\ \evIp-hm≥ X°-hÆw

temIsØ kvt\ln®p'' (tbm-l. 3:16).

""....... Ah≥ km£m¬ temIc£n-Xmhv F∂v

Adn-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p'' (tbm-l. 4:42).

""...-Rm≥ sImSp-∏m-\n-cn-°p∂ A∏tam temI-

Øns‚ Poh-\p-th≠n Rm≥ sImSp-°p∂

Fs‚ amwkw BIp∂p'' (tbm-l. 6:51).

""....-Rmt\m `qan-bn¬ \n∂v Db¿Ø-s∏-´m¬

F√m-h-scbpw F¶-te°v BI¿jn°pw''

(tbm-l. 12:32).

""temIsØ hn[n-∏m-\√ temIsØ c£n-∏m-

\sX Rm≥ h∂n-cn-°p-∂Xv'' (tbm-l. 12:47).

""Ct∏mƒ F√m-bn-SØpw F√m-hcpw am\-km-

¥-c-s∏-tS-W-sa∂p a\p-jy-tcmSp Iev]n-°p∂p''

(A-t∏m. 17:30).

ssZhw temI-Øns‚ ewL-\-ßsf IW-°n-

SmsX temIsØ InkvXp-hn¬ Xt∂mSp \nc-

∏n®p t]m∂p... (2 sImcn. 5:19).

""Ah≥ kIe a\p-jycpw c£- ]m-]n-∏m\pw

kXy-Øns‚ ]cn-⁄m-\-Øn¬ FØp-hm\pw

C—n-°p∂p(1 Xnsam. 2:4).

F√m-h¿°pw -th≠n Xs∂-Øm≥ sImSpØ

(1 Xnsam. 2:6).

F√m-h¿°pw th≠n AXn∂m-bn´p Xs∂ .....

(1 Xnsam. 4:10).

""kIe a\p-jy¿°pw c£m-I-c-amb ssZh-

Ir] DZn-®p-ht√m'' (Xo-sØmkv 2:11).

""F¶nepw ssZh-Ir-]-bm¬ F√m-h¿°pw

th≠n acWw Bkz-Zn-∏m≥....'' (F-_m. 2:9)

F∂m¬ I≈-]-hm-N-I-∑mcpw P\-Øns‚ CS-

bn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Aßs\ \nß-fpsS CS-

bnepw Zpcp-]-tZ-jvSm-°-∑m¿ D≠mIpw; Ah¿

\mi-I-c-amb aX-t -X-ßsf \pg-bn®p Xßsf

hnebv°p hmßnb (ho-s≠-Sp-Ø) \mYs\

X≈n-∏-d™v Xßƒ°p-Xs∂ ioL-\miw

hcp-Øpw (2 ]sXm. 2:1).

Ah≥ \ΩpsS ]m]-ßƒ°v ]mb-›nØw

BIp-∂p. \Ωp-tS-Xn\p amXw A√ k¿∆-tem-

I-Øns‚ ]m]-Øn\pw Xs∂ (1 tbm-l. 2:2)

D. ]m]-]-cn-lm-c-Øns‚ Xo¿∏v

Xncp-h-Øm-g-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ tdma≥ ItØm-en-°-cpsS

]Tn-∏n-°¬ sX‰m-sW∂p \ho-I-cW I¿Øm-°ƒ

I≠p. ImcWw Ah-cpsS Znhy-_-en-bn¬ InkvXp-

hns‚ B£-cnI ico-chpw c‡hpw ho≠pw A¿∏n-

°-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh∂pw Ah¿ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. InkvXp-

hns‚ Iqinse ]m]-]-cn-lmcw Ah-km-\-tØXpw

aXn-bm-b-Xp-am-sW∂p ssZh-h-N\w ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. CXn-

t\mSv tN¿∂v bmsXmcp bmKtam thetbm C\n Bh-

iy-an√. Iqin-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ Hcn-°-embn F∂v

km[m-c-W-bmbn ImWmw. tehym]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿

XpS¿am-\-ambn bmK-a¿∏n-®p-sIm≠v \n¬°p-I-bm-bn-

cp-∂p. F∂m¬ CXn\p hn]-co-X-ambn InkvXp "Ccn-

°p∂p' F∂ Bibw InkvXp-hns‚ ]q¿Øn-I-cn-°-

s∏´ thesb ImWn-°p-∂p(Im-WpI tdma. 6:10;

F_m-b¿ 7:27; 9:12; 9:26, 28; 10:10; 10:14; 1 ]sXm. 3:18,

InkvXp Xs‚ the ]q¿Øn-bm°nb tijw Ccn-°p-

∂-Xp ]cma¿in°p∂ hmIy-ßƒ sImsem. 3:1;

F_m. 1:3, 8:1, 10:12, 12:1˛2).

B´p-sIm-‰-∑m-cp-sSbpw ]ip-°n-Sm-ß-fp-sSbpw

c‡-Øm-e√, kz¥c‡-Øm¬ Xs∂ Hcn-°-

em-bn´p hnip≤ aµn-c-Øn¬ ]th-in®v Ft∂-

°p-apt≈mcp hos≠-Sp∏p km[n -∏n -®p

(F-_m. 9:12).

Aß-s\-bm-bm¬ temI-ÿm-]\w apX¬°v

Ah≥ ]e-t∏mgpw IjvS-a-\p-`-hn-t°-≠n-bn-

cp∂p. F∂m¬ Ah≥ temIm-h-km-\-Øn-¶¬


138


kz¥-bmKwsIm≠p ]m]-]-cn-lmcw hcp-Øp-

hm≥ Hcn-°¬ ]Xy-£-\mbn (F-_m. 9:26).

B CjvS-Øn¬ \mw tbip-InkvXp Hcn-°-

embn Ign®p icocbmK-Øm¬ hnip-≤o-I-cn-°-

s∏- n-cn-°p∂p (F-_m. 10:10).


embn Ign® ico-c-bm-K-Øm¬ hnip-≤o-I-cn-°-

s∏- n-cn°p∂p (F-_m. 10:10).

tbipthm ]m]-ßƒ°p-th≠n GI-bmKw Ign-

®n´p Ft∂°pw ssZh-Øns‚ he-Øp- m-KØv

Ccp -∂p -sIm≠v Xs‚ iXp -°ƒ Xs‚

]mZ-]oTw BIp-thmfw ImØn-cp∂p

(F-_m. 10:12).

FI-bm-K-Øm¬ Ah≥ hnip-≤o-I-cn--s∏-Sp-∂-

h¿°v kZm-Im-e-tØ°w kXvKp-W-]q¿Øn

hcp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p (F-_m. 10:14).

..""-\n-hr-Øn-bmbn'' (tbm-l. 19:30).

139

A≤ymbw 9


`mKw II :]tbmKnIam°nb c£

cq]tcJ

I. `qX-Ime \nXy-X-bn¬ ssZhw ]mtbm-Kn-I-am-°nb

c£

A. Xnc-s™-Sp-∏n-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ Hcp hy‡n-

bpsS ImgvN-∏m-Sns\ kzm[o-\n-°p∂ LS-I-

ßƒ

1. apgp-tem-I-sØbpw ssZhw kvt\ln-°p∂p

2. InkvXp apgp-tem-I-Øn\p th≠nbpw

acn®p

3. c£-bpsS kphn-tijktµiw F√m

P\-ß-sfbpw e£-am-°n-bn- p-≈-Xm-Wv

4. F√m-hcpw c£n-°-s∏-S-W-sa-∂p≈ Xs‚

BKlw ssZhw ]d-bp-∂p

5. In-kvXp-hns\ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-ep≈

]cm-P-b-amWv\nXy-\m-i-Øn-s‚ ASn-ÿm-\w

6. D]-kw-lm-cw

B. ssZhnI ]≤-Xn-bmb Xnc-s™-Sp∏ns‚

ImcWw

C. ssZhnI ]≤-Xn-bmb Xnc-s™Sp-∏ns‚ ASn-

ÿm\w

D. ssZhnI ]≤-Xn-bmb Xnc-s™-Sp-∏ns‚ BXy-

¥nI e£yw

II. ssZh-Øns‚ c£-bpsS hyhÿ A\p-k-cn-°p∂

hcpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ c£ ]mtbm-Kn-I-am-°p∂p

A. BapJw

B. hniz-kn-°pI, Bi-bn-°pI, hnizmkw

]ISam°pI

1. hnizm-k-Øns‚ F_mb ]›m-Ø-ehpw

A¿∞hpw

2. c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw: F¥√

3. c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw: F¥mWv

(a) c£n-°p∂ hnizm-kw˛ AXns‚ Df-f-

S°w

(b)c£n-°p∂ hnizm-kw˛ AXns‚ Dd∏pw

ka¿∏Whpw

(1) hnizm-k-Øns‚ ]pXnb \nb-a-]Zw:

]nÃpthm(pistuo)(2) InkvXp-hns\ hniz-kn-°p-hm-\√,

]n-s∂tbm InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-

°p-hm-\mWv Iev]-\

(3) c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-Øns‚

A¿∞w Dd∏v (confidence) F∂mbn

cn°Ww

(4) c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw Dd-∏p≈

hnizm-kØn\v Xpey-am-sW∂p

kam-¥c hmIy-ßƒ ImWn-°p-∂p

(5) InkvXp-hns‚ hy‡n-XzØn-ep≈

Dd-∏m-Wv Ahs‚ \maØn-ep≈

hnizm-kw

4. hniz-kn-°pI, Bi-bn-°pI, hnizmkw

]IS-am-°pI, Ch-bpsS kwKlw

C. am\-km-¥cw c£-bpsS hyhÿsb∂

\nebn¬

1. am\-km-¥-c-Øns‚ A¿∞w

2. c£bv°v am\-km-¥cw Hcp AhiyLSIw

3. am\-km-¥-chpw kphn-ti-jo-I-c-Whpw

4. am\-km-¥-chpw ]m]sØ"Dt]-£n-°epw'

c£-bv°p≈ D]m[n

5. am\-km-¥-chpw I¿XrXz-c£bpw

6. kwKlw: am\-km-¥cw c£-bpsS hyhÿ

F∂ \ne-bn¬

D. cq]m¥cw c£-bpsS hyhÿsb∂ \nebn¬

E. tbip-hns\ c£n-Xm-hmbn AwKo-I-cn-°p-Itbm

kzoI-cn-°p-Itbm sNøpI

F. c£- t\-Sp-∂-Xn\p hniz-kn-°p-I, ]h¿Øn-

°pI

G. hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw kv\m\-ta¬°p-Ibpw sNøp-

∂-Xn-eqsS t\Sp∂ c£

1. a¿t°m. 16:15˛16

2.- tbm-l. 3:5

3. At∏m-kvX-e -]-hrØn 2:38

4. tdma. 6:3˛4

5. sImsem. 2:11˛12

6. 1 ]sXm. 3:21

7. tbml∂ms‚ kv\m\h´w, c£bpw

140

H. c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v tbip-hns\ a\pjycpsS

ap≥ºn¬ G‰p-]-d-bp-I.

1. tdma. 10:9˛10

2. aØm. 10:32˛33, eqt°m. 12:8˛9

a. At∏m-kvX-enI ho£Ww

b. alm-]o-U\ ho£Ww

c. ]Xn- -e ho£Ww

d. c≠n-sem∂v Bbmepw Atß-b‰w

BsW-∂p≈ ho£Ww

e. ""Chn-sStbm'' ""Chn-tS°p tijtam

ho£Ww

f. s]mXp- hn-h-cW ho£Ww

3. kwKlw

I. c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\p \nßfpsS lrZ-bØn

te°p hcp-hm≥ tbip-hn-t\mSp ]d-bpI

J. c£ -]m-]n-°p-∂-Xn\p ]m]-ßƒ G‰p-]-d-bpI

K. c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\p a‰p-≈-h-tcmSv £an-°pI

L. c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\p a‰p-≈-hsc Dt]-£n-°pI,

kzbw XyPn-°pI

1. eq-t°m. 9:23˛26

(Im-WpI aØmbn 16:24˛28; a¿t°m. 8:34˛38).

a. sX‰n-≤m-c-W-Iƒ

b. Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfmSv _‘-s∏- p-≈

A¿∞w

c. hnizm-kn-I-tfmSv _‘-s∏- p-ff A¿∞w

2. eqt°m. 14:26˛33

(ImWpI aØm. 10:37˛39)

a. sX‰n≤m-c-W-Iƒ

b. Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfmSv _‘s∏´p≈

A¿∞w

c. hnizm-kn-I-tfm-Sp-≈ _‘-s∏- p-≈

A¿∞w

M.I¿Ør-Xz-Øn-ep-≈ c£

N. ]m¿∞-\bpw c£n-°p∂ hnizm-khpw

O. D]-kw-lmcw

`mKw 2

]tbm-KnIam°nb c£

I. `qX-Ime \nXy-X-bn¬ ssZhw ]mtbm-Kn-I-am°nb

c£

bpK-ß-sf-°pdn®v ssZh-Øn\p ap≥Iq´n Xøm-dm-°nb

Hcp ]≤-Xn-bp-≠v. (sb-i. 46:10; At∏m. ]hr. 4:28)

InkvXp-hns‚ IqipacWw ssZhsØ A¤p-X-s∏-

Sp-Øp-∂n√. ImcWw, AXv ssZh-Øns‚ \nXy-amb

]≤-Xn-]-Imcw cq]-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-XmWv (A-t∏m. 2:23;

F_m. 13:20; 1 ]sXm. 1:20; shfn. 13:8). ssZhw F√m

Imcy-ßfpw Xocp-am-\n-°p-∂p, Nne-t∏mƒ t\cn v Nne-

Im-cy-ßƒ \S-Øp-∂p. Nne-t∏mƒ Nne Imcy-ßƒ

t\cn- p \S-ØmsX Xs‚ k¿∆-⁄m-\-Øn¬ Adn-

bp-Ibpw A\p-h-Zn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. F∂m¬

AXn¬ CS-s]-Sp-Itbm am‰w hcp-Øp-Itbm sNøp-

∂n-√. A\p-Zn-\-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ \ΩpsS CjvSw A\p-

k-cn®pw ImgvN-∏mSv A\p-k-cn®pw \Ωƒ Xocp-am-\-

ß-sf-Sp-°p-Ibpw Imcy-ßƒ sNøp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

F∂n-cp-∂mepw ssZhw F√m-‰n-s\bpw \nb-¥n-°p-∂p.

Nne ka-bØv \ap°v Hcp Xnc-s™-Sp∏v \S-Øp-hm≥

Ign-bmØ \ne-bn¬ \ΩpsS ]h¿Ø\ ]≤-Xn-Isf

hf-sc CSp-ßnb \ne-bn¬ ssZhw B°pw. a‰p Nne

ka-bØv ssZh-Øns‚ A\p-aXn ]Imcw \ΩpsS

kz¥w Xocp-am-\-ßƒ \S-∏n¬ hcp-Øp-∂p. c£m-X-

Xz-im-kvX-]-Imcw ssZh-Øns‚ ]c-am-[n-Imc \nb-

¥-W-Ønse G‰hpw ][m-\-s∏´ hnj-b-ßƒ Xnc-

s™-Sp∏pw ap≥ \n¿Æ-b-hp-am-Wv. Hcp hy‡n c£n-

°-s∏-Sp-∂Xn\p ssZhw GXv A¿∞-Øn-emWv

Abmsf Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-Ibpw ap≥ \n¿Æ-bn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂Xv?

A. Xnc-s™-Sp-∏n-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ Hcm-fpsS Imgv

N-∏m-Sns\ kzm[o-\n-°p∂ LS-I-ßƒ

ssZh-h-N-\sØ icn-bmbn hymJym-\n-°p∂ coXn,

_p≤n-ap -´p -≈-Xmb kXy-ßƒ (Xn -c -s™-Sp∏v,

ap≥\n¿Æ-bw) hy‡-amb kXy-ß-fpsS shfn-®-Øn¬

hymJym-\n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. c£-tbmSv _‘-s∏ v ssZh-

Øn-s‚- I-cp-Wbpw ]≤-Xnbpw km¿∆-Xn-I-amb

hym]vXn-bp-ffXmsW∂ Imcy-Øn¬ bmsXmcp kwi-

b-Øn-s‚bpw Bh-iy-an-√.

1. apgp-tem-I-sØbpw InkvXp kvt\ln-°p-∂p

Xs‚ GI-Pm-X-\m-b-]p-X-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p∂

Gh\pw \in-®p-t]m-ImsX \nXy-Po-h≥ ]m]n-

t°-≠-Xn\v ssZhw Ahs\ \evIp-hm≥ X°-

hÆw temIsØ kvt\ln-®p (tbm-l. 3:16).

2. InkvXp apgp-tem-I-Øn\p th≠nbpw acn-®p

(]cn-an-Xn-bn-√mØ ]m] ]cn-lm-c-sØ-∏‰n A≤ymbw

9˛¬ ImWp∂ thZ- m-K-ßƒ i≤n-°p-I, `mKw 1,

VII. C.)

Iqin-se -the apgp-tem-I-Øn\pw th≠n-bm-bn-cp∂p

(ho-s≠-Sp∏v 2 ]sXm. 2:1; \nc∏,v 2 sImcn. 5:19; ]mb-

›nØw, 1 tbml. 2:2).


141

""]ns‰-∂mƒ tbip Xs‚ ASp-°¬ hcp-∂Xv

Ah≥ I-≠n v CXm temI-Øns‚ ]m]w Npa-

°p∂ ssZh-Øns‚ Ip™mSv'' (tbm-l. 1:29).

""....-Rm≥ sImSp-∏m-\n-cn-°p∂ A∏tam temI-

Øns‚ Poh-\p-th≠n Rm≥ sIm-Sp-°p∂

Fs‚ amwkw BIp-∂p (tbm-l. 6:51).

""....Ct∏mƒ F√m-bn-SØpw F√m-hcpw am\-km-

¥-c-s∏-S-W-sa∂p ssZhw a\p-jy-tcmSv Iev]n-

°p∂p (A-t∏m. ]hr. 17:30).

""F¶nepw ssZh-Ir-]-bm¬ F√m-h¿°pw

th≠n acWw Bkz-Zn-∏m≥...'' (F-_m. 2:9).

3. c£-bpsS kphn-tijktµiw F√m P\-ß-

sfbpw e£y-am-°n-bp-≈-Xm-Wv

""BI-bm¬ \nßƒ ]pd-s∏ v ]nXm-hns‚bpw

]pX-s‚bpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-s‚bpw \ma-Øn¬

kv\m\w Ign-∏n®pw Rm≥ \nß-tfmSv Iev]n-

®Xv Hs°bpw ]am-Wn-∏m≥ X°-hÆw D]-

tZ-in-®pw-sIm≠v kIe PmXn-I-sfbpw injy-

cm-°n-s°mƒhn≥...'' (a-Øm. 28:19).

""Ahs‚ \ma-Øn¬ am\-km-¥-chpw ]m]-tam-

N-\hpw sbcq-i-te-an¬ XpSßn kIe PmXn-

I-fn-t∑epw ]kw-Kn-°p-Ibpw thWw F∂n-

ßs\ Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂p'' (eq-t°m. 24:47).

""...-sb-cqi-te-anepw blq-Zy-bn¬ F√m-SØpw

ia-cy-bnepw `qan-bpsS A‰tØmfhpw Fs‚-

km-£n-Iƒ BIpw F∂p ]d™p''

(A-t∏m. ]hr. 1:8).

4. F√m-hcpw c£n-°-s∏-S-W-sa-∂p≈ Xs‚ BKlw

ssZhw -]-d-bp-∂p

""Aßs\ Xs∂ Cu sNdn-b-h-cn¬ Hcp-Ø≥

\in-®p-t]m-Ip-∂Xv kz¿§-ÿ-\mb \nß-fpsS

]nXm-hn\v CjvS-a√ (a-Øm. 18: 14).

""Ah≥ kIe a\p-jycpw c£ ]m]n-∏m\pw''

( 1 Xnsam. 2:4).

Nne¿ Xmakw F∂p hnNm-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse

I¿Ømhp Xs‚ hmKvZØw \nh¿Øn-∏m≥

Xma-kn-°p-∂n√ Bcpw \in-®p-t]m-ImsX

F√m-hcpw am\-km-¥-c-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Ah≥

C—n®p \nß-tfmSp Zo¿L-£a ImWn-°p-∂-

tX-bp≈q (2 ]sXm. 3:9).

""...-C-—n-°p-∂-h≥ Poh-Pew kuP-\y-ambn

hmßs´'' (sh-fn. 22:17).

5. InkvXp-hns\ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-ep≈ ]cm-P-b-

amWv \nXy-\m-i-Øn-\p≈ ASn-ÿm-\w

(Iq-Sp-X¬ hn-h-c-ßƒ°v A≤ymbw 6 ASn-°p-dn∏v 5

ImWp-I).

Hmtcm hy‡nbpw Xs‚ \nXy-amb hn[n-bpsS Imcy-

Øn¬ DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ap-≈-h\pw IW°p t_m[n-∏n-t°-

≠-h-\p-amWv.

""Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h\p \ymb-hn[n C√;

hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h\p ssZh-Øns‚ GI-Pm-X-

\mb ]pXs‚ \ma-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°m-bvI-

bm¬ \ymb-hn[n h∂p Ign™p'' (tbm-l. 3:18).

I¿Øm-hmb tbip Xs‚ i‡n-bp≈ ZqX-∑m-

cp-ambn kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂p A·n-Pzm-e-bn¬

]Xy-£-\mbn ssZhsØ Adn-bm-Ø-h¿°pw

\ΩpsS I¿Øm-hmb tbip-hns‚ kphn-tijw

A\p-k-cn-°m-Ø-h¿°pw ]Xn-Imcw sImSp-°p-

tºmƒ'' (2 sXs . 1:7˛8).

6. D]-kw-lmcw

Cu efn-X-amb ss__nƒ kXy-ßƒ Xnc-s™-Sp-∏n-

t\mSpw ap≥\n¿Æ-b-tØm-Sp-ap≈ GXp ]tXyI

ImgvN-∏m-Sp-I-tfmSpw tbmPn-∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. ""F√m-

hcpw c£n-°-s∏-Sp-hm\pw kXy-Øns‚ ]cn-⁄m-\-

Øn-te°p hcp-hm\pw'' ssZhw BK-ln-°p-tºmƒ

Nnesc c£-bv°mbn am‰n-\n¿Øp-hm≥ ssZhw

Iev]n®p F∂p-≈Xv ka¿∞n-°p-hm≥ _p≤n-ap- p-≈-

Im-cy-am-Wv. ""F√m-bn-SØpw F√m-hcpw am\-km-¥-c-

s∏-S-W-sa∂v'' ssZhw a\p-jy-tcmSv Iev]n-°p-tºmƒ,

am\-km-¥-c-s∏-Sp-hm\pw am\km¥cs∏Sm-Xn-cn-°p-hm-

\p-ap≈ Ah-Imiw a\p-jy¿°√ ssZh-Øn-\m-sW∂

Xc-Øn¬ Hcp ]≤-Xn Bkq-XWw sNbvXp F∂p

hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ _p≤n-ap- p-≠v. \nXy-in-£m-hn-[n-bpsS

][m\ ASn-ÿm\w hy‡n-]-c-amb ]m]tam ]mc-º-

cytam Bb ]m]-a-√, InkvXp-hns\ hniz-kn-°p-∂-

Xn-ep≈ ]cm-P-b-am-sW∂p Icp-Xp-tºmƒ, InkvXp-

hns\ AwKo-I-cn-°p-Itbm AwKo-I-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-

Itbm sNøp∂ Imcy -Øn¬ `qcn -] -£-Øn\p

bmsXmcp DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-an-s√∂p hniz-kn-°p-hm≥

_p≤n-ap- p-≠v. Im¬hn-\nkw icn-bm-sW-¶n¬, `qcn-]-

£w-t]¿°pw InkvXp-hns\ hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ Ign-

bn√. ImcWw ssZhw Ahsc Xnc-s™-Sp-Øn- n-√.

\nXy-amb in£m-hn-[n°v bmsXmcp Ah-ti-jn-°p∂

ASn-ÿm-\-hp-an-s√∂ ^e-Øn-te°p hcpw. ]m]-

Øns‚ ^e-ambn ssZhw \nXy-amb A¿∞-Øn¬

Bscbpw in£n-°p-∂n-√. At∏mƒ hnizm-k-Øn-

s‚bpw Ahn-izm-k-Øn-s‚bpw ]mY-an-I-amb DØ-c-


142

hm-ZnXzw ssZh-Øn¬ Xs∂-bm-sW-¶n¬ Fßs\ Hcp

hy‡nsb Ahn-izm-k-Øn\p in£n-°p-hm≥ Ignbpw?

Nne¿ Cu ssh-cp-≤y-ßsf Xß-fpsS ssZh-im-kvX-

Øn¬ AwKo-I-cn-®n-´p≠v. Ah¿°v a\- n-em-°m≥

_p≤n-ap- p≈ \nKq-Vamb hnj-b-amWv Xnc-s™-Sp∏pw

ap≥\n¿Æ-b-hpw. Ah¿°v Kln-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂n-

s√-¶nepw AwKo-I-cn-°p∂p. GXp hn[-am-bmepw

ss__nƒ Kln-°p-hm-\p≈ iaw AIm-e-Øn¬ Ah-

km-\n-∏n-°p-∂Xv \√-X-√. Hcp ]t£ ssZh-Øns‚

km¿∆-Xn-I-amb Icp-W-bp-sSbpw c£m-]-≤-Xn-bp-

sSbpw efn-X-amb kXy-ßƒ°v A\p-cq-]-amb hn[-

Øn¬ Xnc-s™-Sp-∏n-s\bpw ap≥\n¿Æ-bsØ ImWp-

hm-\p≈ km≤y-X-bp-≠v.

B. ssZhnI]≤-Xn-bmb Xnc-s™-Sp-∏ns‚ ImcWw

kmØm≥ c£ns∏SmØhscsb√mw kphn-ti-

jØn\v A‘-cm-°p-∂p. ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp t_m≤yw

\¬Ip-∂n-s√-¶n¬, ]mIrX a\p-jy≥ shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-

s∏´ kXy-ß-fpsS ]m[m\yw ImWpIbn-√. Ah≥

_p≤n-]-c-ambn Iqin-s\bpw ac-W-sØbpw Adn-bp-

∂p-≠m-bn-cn -°mw. F∂m¬ A‘-X- aqew Cu

kXysØ AwKo-I-cn-°p-hmt\m kzoI-cn-°p-hmt\m

Ign-bp-∂n-√. kXysØ kzmKXw sNøp-∂n-√. kphn-

ti-j-Øns‚ ]m[m\yw, Aaq-ey-X, ]k-‡n,

A¿∞w F∂n-h-bn¬ henb aXn-∏n-√. ssZhw Cu

A‘X \o°n-bn-s√-¶n¬ c£ t\Sp-hm≥ Hcn-°epw

Ign-bp-∂-X-√. ssZhw CS-s]-Sp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ Bcpw Hcn-

°epw kphn-tijw Adn-bp-I-bn-√.

c£n-°-s∏-SmØ a\p-jy-h¿§-Øns‚ A‘XbmWv

Xnc-s™-Sp∏v F∂ ]≤Xn ]q¿Æ-ambpw AXym-hiy

Imcy-am-°n-b-Xns‚ LS-Iw. hoWp-t]mb a\p-jys‚

lrZ-b-Øn¬ \n∂p A‘-Xbpw Ccp´pw \o°p-hm≥

ssZhw Xs∂ ap≥ssI-sø-Sp-°-Ww. ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv

B A‘-X-bn-te°p Xpf-®p-I-S-°pIbpw X∑qew

kphn-tijw ]q¿Æ-ambn a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw sNøp-

∂p. At∏mƒ amX-amWv Hcp hy‡n°v Ahs‚ As√-

¶n¬ Ah-fpsS kz¥-amb \ne-bn¬ InkvXp-hn¬

hnizmkw A¿∏n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xv. XpS¿∂p≈

`mK-ß-fn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ]h¿Ø\w Xnc-

s™-Sp-∏n-t\m-Sp≈ \S-°p-∂-Xns‚ IqSp-X¬ sX-fn-hp-

Iƒ ImWmw. ssZhw hnizmkw \¬Ip-∂n√. F∂m¬

hnizmkw ]I-S-am-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp∂ \ne-bn¬ FØn-

°p-∂p. a\p-jy≥ kXy-Øn\v A‘\m-sW∂p

XpS¿∂p≈ hmIy-ßƒ ÿm]n-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v

c£ ]mtbm-KnIXe-Øn¬ hcp-hm≥ Xnc-s™-Sp-

∏ns‚ Hcp Imcy-]-cn-]mSn Bh-iy-ambn h∂p.

""Fs∂ Ab® ]nXmhv BI¿jn-®n- -√msX

B¿°pw Fs‚ ASp-°¬ hcp-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-

bn-√. Rm≥ HSp-°sØ \mfn¬ Ahs\

Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂ev]n°pw'' (tbm-l. 6:44).

Xpb-ssØ-cm-]-´-W-°m-c-Ønbpw c‡mw-_cw

hn¬°p-∂-h-fp-ambn epZnb F∂-t]-cp≈ ssZh-

`-‡-bm-sbmcp kvXo tI´p-s°m-≠n-cp∂p

]utemkv kwkm-cn-®Xv i≤n-t°-≠-Xn\p

I¿Ømhv Ah-fpsS lrZbw Xpd∂p

(A-t∏m. ]hr. 16:14).

"".....-A-h-cpsS IÆp Xpd-∏m\pw Ahsc Ccp-

fn¬ \n∂pw shfn-®-Øn-te°pw kmØms‚

A[n-Im-c-Øn¬ \n∂p ssZh-Øn-¶-te°p Xncn-

∏m--\pw.....''(A-t∏m. ]h. 26:18).

""Iqins‚ hN\w \in-®p-t]m-Ip-∂-h¿°v t`mj-

Xzhpw .....'' (1 sImcn. 1:18).

]mIrXa\p-jy≥ ssZhm-flm-hns‚ D]-tZiw

ssIs°m-≈p-∂n√; AXv Ah\p t`mjXzw

BIp∂p (1 sImcn. 2:14).

ssZh-]-Xn-a-bmb InkvXphns‚ tXP- p≈

kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ ]Im-i\w tim`n-°m-Xn-cn-

∏m≥ Cu temI-Øns‚ ssZhw Ahn-izm-kn-

I-fpsS a\ p Ipcp-Sm°n. (2 sImcn. 4:4).

C. ssZhnI]≤-Xn-bmb Xnc-s™-Sp-∏ns‚ ASn-

ÿm\w

Xnc-s™-Sp∏v, ap≥\n¿Æbw, ap∂-dnhv Ch XΩn¬

t\cn- p≈ _‘-ap-≈-Xmbn ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬ \n∂p

a\- n-em-°mw. ssZhw hyh-ÿ-bn-√msX, \nb-a-_-‘n-

X-a-√m-sX Hcp Bflm-hns\ kz¿§-Øn-\mbpw as‰mcp

Bflm-hns\ \c-I-Øn-\mbpw Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-I-bn-√.

]Im-i\w \¬In-bm¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ F√m-h-scbpw

ssZh-Øn-\-dnbmw. hnizmkw ]I-S-am-°-Ø° \ne-

bn¬ Ignhp A¥¿eo--\am-bn-cn-°p-∂-h-sc-¶nepw Ah-

cpsS D≈nse A‘X ssZhw \o°n-bn-s√-¶n¬

hnizmkw ]I-Sn-∏n-°m≥ Ign-bm-Ø-h-cp-ap-≠v. A‘X

\o°n-bm¬ hniz-kn-°p-sa∂p ssZh-Øn\p ap∂-dn-bm-

hp∂h¿°p-th≠n ssZh-Øn-t‚-Xmb Xnc-s™-Sp-

∏ns‚ Hcp Imcy-]-cn-]m-Sn-bp≠v. ssZh-Øns‚ Xnc-

s™-Sp∏v hyh-ÿm-]n-X-am-Wv. shfn-s∏-SpØ°

hnizm-k-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ ap∂-dn-hn-\m¬ hyh-ÿm-]n-

X-am-Wv. ssZhw XSpØp IqSmØ \ne-bn¬ hnizmkw

\¬Ip-∂n-√. F∂m¬ kphn-tijw Kln-°p-hm≥

klm-bn-°p-∂p. X∑qew hy‡n-bpsS hnizmkw ]I-

Sn-∏n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂p. hnizmkw ]mtbm-Kn-I-am-°p-


143

hm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-h-scbpw ssZh-Øn-\-dnbmw. ssZh-

Øns‚ Ir]-tbmSpIqSnb -i-a-ßƒ FX \S-∂mepw

Ah¿ hniz -kn -°p-I-bn -√. Ah-cn¬ At\-I¿

t_m≤yw ]m]n-°p-∂-h-cmsW∂p hy‡amWv.

(tbml. 16: 8˛11). Cu ""Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-h¿''

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ t_m[w hcp-Øp∂ ipiqj

kzoI-cn-®-h-cm-sW-¶nepw, ssZh-Øn-\-dnbmw Ah¿ Hcn-

°epw hniz-kn-°p-I-bn-s√∂v. Ah-cpsS D≈n¬ hniz-

kn-°m-\p≈ Ign-hp-≠m-Im-Ø-Xn-\m¬, ssZhw Ahsc

IW-°p-sIm-Sp-t°≠hcmbn \n¿Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

ssZhw Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah¿ Ahn-izm-kn-I-fm-bn-cn-°-

W-sa∂v Iev]n-®n- n-√ (ssZhw \n¿∫-‘-ambn hniz-

kn-∏n-°p-∂n√, Aßs\ ]tcm-£-ambn Ahn-izmkw

]Jym-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p). Hcn°epw hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h¿

\c-I-Ønembncn°pw 39 ssZh-Øns‚ ]c-am-[n-Im-c-

Øns‚ ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ km¿∆-XnI

kvt\lsØ tbmPn-∏n-°m-Xn-cn-°pI F∂ sX‰p-t]m-

se-bp-≈-XmWv Xnc-s™-Sp∏v, ap≥\n¿Æbw, ap∂dnhv

F∂nh-bpsS ]c-kv]c _‘w a\- nem°mXn-cn-°p-

∂-Xpw. hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ Ign-hp-s≠∂p ssZh-Øns‚

k¿∆-⁄m-\-Ønepw ap∂-dn-hnepw Adn-bp-∂-h¿°v,

Ah-cpsS A‘X am‰p-hm-\p≈ Ah-kcw ]cn-ip-≤m-

flm-hn-\m¬ \¬Ip-Ibpw Ah¿ kphn-tijw Kln-

°p-hm-\p≈ Ign-hp-≈-h-cmbnØocp-Ibpw, ]cn-Wn-X-

^-e-ambn hnizm-khpw c£bpw kw`-hn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂-Xn-s\-bmWv Xnc-s™-Sp∏v, ap≥\n¿Æbw

F∂p hnfn-°p-∂Xv.

Ah≥ ap∂-dn-™-hsc Xs‚ ]pX≥ At\Iw

ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cn¬ BZy-Pm-X≥ BtI-≠-Xn\p

Ahs‚ kzcq-]-tØmSp A\p-cq-]-cm-Im≥ ap∂n-

b-an-®n-cn-°p-∂p (tdm-a. 8:29).

...-]n-Xm-hmb ssZh-Øns‚ ap∂-dn-hn\p HØ-

hÆw Bflm-hns‚ hnip-≤o-I-cWw ]m]n®v

A\p-k-cWw ImWn-∏m\pw tbip-In-kvXp-

hns‚ c‡-Øm¬ Xfn-°-s∏-Sp-hm-\p-ambn ....

(1 ]sXm. 1:1˛2).

Ahn-izm-kn-bmb a\p-jy≥ Bfln-I-ambn A‘-\m-

b-Xp-sIm≠v (1 sImcn. 1:18; 2 sImcn. 4:4) Cu A‘X

\o°p-hm≥ ssZh-Øns‚ ]hrØn Bh-iy-am-Wv

(tbm-l. 6:44; 16:8˛11; At∏m. ]h. 16:14; 26:18). X∑qew

Xnc-s™-Sp-∏n-t\m-Sp _‘s∏´ thZ-`m-K-ß-tfmSp

tN¿∂p ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ t_m[w hcp-Øp∂

ipiq-jbpw Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw ]Xo-£n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

Hcp a\p-jys\ shdpsX c£-bv°mbn Xnc-s™-Sp-

°p-I-bn-√. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p-hm-\m-h-iy-amb

A¥¿eo-\-amb i‡n-bp-≈-hsc ssZhw Xnc-s™-

Sp-°pIbpw Ahs\ ]-cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ipiq-j-bn-

eqsS kphn-tijw AwKo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ ]m]vX-cm-Ip-

Ibpw sNøp-∂p. At∏mƒ A¥¿eo-\amb -hn-izm-k-

ap-≈-h¿ Xß-fpsS hnizmkw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p.

2 sX . 2:13, 1 ]sXm. 1:2 thZ- m-K-ß-fn¬ ]-cn-ip-≤m-

flmhpw Xnc-s™-Sp∏pw XΩn-ep≈ _‘w ImWp-∂p.

ip≤o-I-cWw F∂m¬ th¿Xn-cn-°pI F∂mW¿

∞sa∂v Hm¿Øn-cn-°-Ww. Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´-h¿

ssZh-Ir-]-bpsS ]tXyI ]h¿Ø-\-Øn\pw ]cn-ip-

≤m-flm-hns‚ kzm[o-\-Øn-\p-ambn th¿Xn-cn-°p-hm-

\mWv Xnc-s™-Sp-°s∏ -Xv. Bflmhv D≈n¬ IS∂v

Ccp v \o°p-∂p. At∏mƒ hnizmkw ]Im-in-°p-∂p.

..... ssZhw \nßsf BZn-ap-X¬ Bflm-hns‚

hnip-≤o-I-c-W-Ønepw kXy-Øns‚ hnizm-k-

Ønepw c£-bv°mbn Xnc-s™-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠v....

(2 sX . 2:13).

....]nXm-hmb ssZh-Øns‚ ap∂-dn-hn\v HØ-

hÆw Bflm-hns‚ hnip-≤o-I-cWw ]m]n®v

A\p-k-cWw ImWn-∏m\pw tbip-In-kvXp-

hns‚ c‡-Øm¬ Xfn-°-s∏-Sp-hm-\p-ambn ...

(1 ]sXm. 1:1˛2).

D. ssZhnI ]≤-Xn-bmb sXc-s™Sp∏ns‚ BXy-

¥n-I- e-£yw.

cq]m¥c-Øns‚ ka-b-sØ-°p-dn®v i≤n-°p-hm≥

ap∂dn-hn-s\-°p-dn®pw Xnc-s™-Sp-∏n-s\-°p-dn-®pap≈

D]-tZiw klm-b-I-c-am-Ip-∂Xv km[m-c-W-amWv. c£-

bpsS ka-b-tØmSv Ah `mK-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. F∂n-cp-

∂mepw, ap≥ \n¿Æ-b-Øn-s‚bpw Xnc-s™-Sp-∏n-

s‚bpw ]Tn-∏n-°-ep-Iƒ°v ]Im-i\w e`n® ka-b-

sØ-°mfpw InkvXp-hns\ kzoI-cn-®-Xn-s\-°mfpw

A∏pdsØ kqN\Ifp-≠v. Fs -ky¿. 1: 5 ]dbp∂p,

""\sΩ ZsØ-Sp-t°-≠-Xn\p Ah≥ ]nb-\m-b-h-\n¬

\ΩpsS kuP-\y-am-bn \¬Inb Xs‚ Ir]m al-Xz-

Øns‚ ]pI-gvN-°mbn kvt\l-Øn¬ \sΩ ap∂n-b-

an-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-h-t√m.'' ZsØSp-°pI F∂

Bibw IpSpw-_-Øn-te°p ]th-in-°pI F∂ Nn¥-

bmWv \¬Ip-∂-Xv. ssZh-h-N\cN-bn-Xm-°ƒ Cu

39 a\p-jys‚ C—m-i‡n ]q¿Æ-ambpw kzX-¥-am-sW∂pFgp-Øp-Im-c≥ Hcn-°epw ImWp-∂n-√. At∏mgpw Hcphy‡n-bpsS \nXy-amb hn[n-bpsS Imcy-Øn¬ B hy‡nIW°p sImSp-t°-≠-h-\m-sW-∂p ssZh-Øn\p \oXn]q¿∆w ]nSn-°mw. t\cn- p≈ ]Im-i\w e`n-®-ti-jhpw Hcphy‡n kXysØ \nc-kn-°p-∂p, As√-¶n¬ Ah\p shfn-®w sImSpØm¬ Ah≥ Aßs\ Ft∂°pw sNøp-sa∂pssZhw ap∂-dn-bp-∂p. ssZh-Øns‚ Icp-W-tbm-sSbp≈ ia-ßƒ FX i‡ntbmsS Bh¿Øn-®mepw InkvXp-hn¬hnizkn-°p-I-bn-s√∂p ssZhw Adn-bp-∂p.


144

Bi-bsØ Hcp aI-s\∂ ÿm\Øm°pI F∂

A¿∞-amWv km[mcWbmbn \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

Ah¿ ZsØ-Sp-°pI F∂ Bi-bsØ Ah-Im-i-

tØmSpw ]mb-]q¿Øn-tbmSpw _‘n∏n°p-∂p.

Kem-Xy¿ 4:5˛7 A\p-k-cn®v ZsØ-Sp-°pI F∂Xv

ssZh-h-N-\-Øn-te°v ]th-in-°p∂ ka-bhpw Ah-

Im-in-bm-sW∂p ]Jym-]n-°p-∂-Xp-amWv (A-h-Imin

F∂ t]cp e`n-°p∂p F∂m¬ F√m Ah-Im-ihpw

e`n-®n- n√). \ymb]amWkºZmbØn\p Iognep≈

ssZh""a°ƒ°p''≠mbncp∂ Ipd™ ]IzXbpambn´p

XmcXays∏SpØptºmƒ, InkvXphnizmkn°p

apXn¿∂aIs‚ ÿm\amWp≈Xv. Ah≥ Ct∏mƒ

Xs∂ AhIminbmWv. ]t£ AhImiw kºq¿Æ

ambn ssIhiambnń√.

tdma¿ 8:23 ˛ ¬ ZsØ-Sp-°-en\p `mhn-Ime ][m-\y-

ap-≠v. ""ico-c-Øns‚ hos≠-Sp-∏ns\'' kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.

AXm-bXv aI≥ F∂p≈ ]q¿Æ- ÿm\w e`n-°p-

∂p. ChnsS \mw I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-kvXp-hn-s\-

t∏mse tXP-kv°-cn-°-s∏´ a\p-jy-cmbnØocp∂p

(1 tbml. 3:2). Cu mhn-L- -Øn¬ hnizm-kn-Iƒ ]mb-

]q¿Øn-bmb a°-fmbnØocp-∂p. At∏mƒ Ah-Im-

in-Iƒ F∂p≈ t]cn\p ]I-c-ambn Ah¿ apgp-h≥

Ah-Im-ihpw t\Sp-∂p. tdma¿ 8 s‚ 15 apX-ep≈

hmIy-ß-fn¬ Cu Db¿® \ap°p ImWmw. hmIyw

15˛ ¬ ]pX-Xz-Øn≥ Bflm-hns\ \mw ]m]n-®-Xmbn

ImWp-∂p. hmIyw 17˛¬ \mw Ah-Im-in-Iƒ Bbn-cn-

°p-∂p. F∂mepw \mw ]q¿Æ-tX-P- n-\mbpw Ah-

Im-i-Øn-\mbpw ImØn-cn-°p∂p (hmIyw 17˛18). `mKn-

I-amb Ah-Im-itam BZy- -etam e`n-®n- p-s≠-∂p-

≈Xv bmYm¿∞y-amWv (hmIyw 23). F∂m¬ IqSp-

X¬ ]q¿Æ-amb ""aI≥ ]Zhn'' `mhnkw`-h-am-Wv.

Ft∏mƒ \ΩpsS ico-c-ßƒ InkvXp-hn-\-\p-cq-]-ambn

]q¿Æ-h-f¿®-sb-Ønb a°-fpsS \ne-bn-se-Øptam

At∏mƒ kw-`-hn-°p∂p (hmIyw 23; 1 tbml. 3:2

ImWpI). InkvXp-hns‚ kzcq-]-tØmSv A\p-cq-]-s∏-

Sp-∂-XmWv ap≥\n¿Æ-b-Øns‚ ê-ambn ]utemkv

ImWp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v, ap≥ \n¿Æ-b-Øn\pw Xnc-s™-

Sp-∏n\pw IqSp-X¬ ][m\yw e`n-°p∂p (hmIyw 29).

AXp-t]mse ap≥\n¿Æ-b-Øn-s‚bpw Xnc-s™-Sp-

∏ns‚ ê-ambn tXPkv°-c-Whpw kw`-hn-°p∂p

(hmIyw 30). c£-bn¬ ssZh- -h-\-Øn-te-°p≈ ]th-

i-\-Øn-\mWv ZsØ-Sp-°¬ F∂p-]-d-bp-∂sX-¶nepw

CXv `mhn-bn¬ e`n-°p∂ ""aI≥ ]Z-hn-sbbpw''

Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂p. CXv kw -hn-°p-∂-Xp tXP-kv°-

cn-s∏´ InkvXp-hn-s\-t∏mse hnizm-kn-I-fm-bn-Øo¿∂p

]mb-]q¿Øn-bmb a°ƒ F∂ ]Z-hn-bn-se-Øp-tºm-

gm-Wv. tdma. 8˛¬ ]utemkv InkvXym-\n-Iƒ `mhn-

bn¬ kw`-hn-°p∂ ZsØ-Sp-°-en-\mbpw aI≥

]Zhn°mbpw ap≥ \n¿Æ-bn-°-s∏- -h-cm-sW∂p ]Tn-

∏n-°p∂p.

Fs -ky¿ 1 s‚ ]›m-Øew ]cn-tim-[n-®m¬ tdma.

8:23 set∏mse ZsØ-Sp-°¬ mhn-]-c-amb Hcp IaoI-

c-W-ambn°mWp-∂-XmWv G‰hpw \√Xv (tdm-a. 8:15

Kem-Xy¿ 4:5 F∂o thZ- m-K-ß-fn¬ ImWp∂ h¿Ø-

am-\-Ime Iao-I-c-W-ß-sf-°mƒ IqSp-X¬ CjvS-s∏-

Sp-∂Xv) B hmNIw Xs∂ ""-a-°-sf∂ \ne-bn¬ ZsØ-

Sp-°p-hm≥ Ah≥ \sΩ ap≥\n¿Æ-bn-®p.'' A¿∞w

Xcp-hm≥ ]m]vXn-bp-≈-hcmWv c£-bpsS ka-bØv

\ap°v ssZh- h\Ønte°p ]th-in-°p-hm≥ Ah≥

\sΩ ap≥\n¿Æbn-®p. As√-¶n¬ InkvXp--hn-s\-

t∏mse hf¿®m]q¿Æ-cmb a°-fm-Ip-hm≥ X∑qew

]q¿Æ Ah-Im-ihpw tX÷ pw t\Sp-hm≥ Ah≥

\sΩ ap≥\n-b-an®p.'' Fs -ky¿ 1˛s‚ ]›m-Ø-e-

Øn¬ ]utemkv XpS¿am-\-ambn Ah-Im-i-sØ-°p-

dn-®mWv kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xv. hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v Ah-cpsS

Ah-Im-i-Øns‚ ""A®mcw'' AYhm; "apZ' e`n-®n-

´p≠v. F∂m¬ ]q¿Æ-amb Ah-Imiw `mhn-bn-emWv

(hmIyw 14). hmIyw 14˛¬ hnizm-kn-I-fpsS ico-c-

Øns‚ hos≠-Sp-∏n-s\-°p-dn®v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p,

tdma¿ 8˛ ¬ ImWp∂ Bibkwln-X-sbbpw hmNI

coXn-sbbpw CXv Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p∂p. Fs^.1:5 epw

,tdma.8:15 apXepw ImWp-∂Xv hnizm-kn-I-fpsS ico-c-

Øn\p hos≠-Sp∏pw Ah-Im-ihpw e`n-°p-hm≥ t]mIp-

∂p-sb-∂m-Wv. tdma. 8 ]tXy-In®v `mhn ZsØ-Sp-°-

en-s\-°p-dn®v (a-I≥ F∂ ]Z-hn) ap≥ \nba\w \S-

Øn-bn-´p-≈Xv Dƒs°m-≈n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. ap≥\n-b-a-

Øns‚ Ah-km-\-e£yw kXy-Øn¬ cq]m¥c-a√

tXPkv°-c-WamWv. tdma. 8, Fs^. 1 F∂o thZ-

`m-K-ßƒ kam-¥-c-ß-fm-bXpsIm≠v At∏m-kvX-e-

\mb ]utemkv ap≥\n-b-a-\-Øn-eqsS aI≥ ]Zhn e`n-

°p-∂-Xns\ Fs^. 1:5 ˛¬ ]d-bp-tºmƒ `mhn hi-

ßsf Hgn-hm-°p-hm≥ ian-°p-∂Xv _p≤n-ap-´p-≈-

XmWv. c≠p teJ-\-ß-fpsSbpw cN-bn-Xmhv Hcmƒ

Xs∂-bm-Wv.

]utemkv Fs^. 1:5 ap≥ \n-b-a-sØ-°p-dn®pw a°-

fmbn ZsØ-Sp°p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®pw ]Tn-∏n-°p-tºmƒ

""a°ƒ ]Zhn'' F∂ Bibw At±-l-Øn-\p-≠m-bn-

cn°mw (ssZ-hIp-Spw-_-Øn-te°p \sΩ BZy-ambn

AXp Iqńs°m-≠p-t]m-Ip∂p) tdma. 8:15 Kem-Xy¿

4:5 XpS-ßnb hmIy-ß-fnepw CtX Bibw Xs∂-

bmW.v F∂n-cp-∂mepw Cu A]q¿Æ-am-b-Xn-s\-bpw-

sIm≠v Ah-km-\n-®m¬ ssZh-Øns‚ ap≥\n-b-a-\-

sØ-°p-dn®p≈ e£yw \jvS-am-Ipw. ]q¿Æ-ambpw

""aI≥ ]Zhn'' e`n-°p-hm≥ X°-hÆw hnizm-kn-Iƒ


145

ap≥\n-b-an-°-s∏-ń-cn°p∂p-sh∂v ]utemkv ]Tn-∏n-

°p∂p. AXm-bXv Hcp ]mb-]q¿Øn-bmb aIs‚

(I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-kvXp-hn-s‚) kzcq-]-tØmSp

ico-c-ßfpw tXP-kv°-cWw ]m]n-°p∂p. hnizm-kn-

Iƒ Ah-cp-sS- A-h-Imiw ]m]n-°-Ø-°-hÆw ap≥\n-

b-an-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. `mhn-tbm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬

]m[m\yw \¬In-thWw Xnc-s™-Sp∏v, ap≥\n-baw

XpS-ßn-bh ImtW-≠-Xv. \nXy-amb kpc-£n-XXzw

F∂ D]-tZ-iw CXp tNmZyw sNømØXm°p∂p. Xnc-

s™-Sp-°-s∏- -h¿ \nXy- tX-P- n-\mbn ap≥\n-b-an-

°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.

Npcp-°-Øn¬ A¥¿eo-\-amb tijnbp≈hsc hniz-

kn-°p-hm≥ ssZhw ap∂dn-bp-∂p. Aß-s\-bp≈

B¿°pw c£ t\Sm≥ Ign-bmsX hcn-I-bn-√. ssZhw

Ahsc ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ]-tXyI ]Im-i-\-Øn-

\mbn Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-∂p. A‘X \oßp-Ibpw

X∑qew hy‡n-Iƒ hnizm-k-tØmsS ]Xn-I-cn-°p-

Ibpw sNøp-∂p. CXp \nanØw ""aI≥ ]Zhn'', AYhm

ZsØ-Sp -°¬ F∂ Ah-ÿ-bn-te°p hcp-∂p.

F∂mepw ap≥\n-b-a\hpw Xnc-s™-Sp∏pw ho≠pw -P-

\-\w-sIm-≠p- amXw Ah-km-\n-°p-∂n√. Xnc-s™-Sp∏v

hyh-ÿm-]n-X-sat∂m As√t∂m Icp-Xn-bmepw, mhn

Iao-I-c-W-ß-tfm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ ]c-

am-[n-Imcw ]h¿Øn-°p-∂p-sh∂v F√m-hcpw AwKo-

I-cn-°-Ww. Cu D]-tZ-i-ßƒ hnhm-Z-]-c-ß-fm-sW-

¶nepw Ah A\p-K-l-ß-fm-Wv. I¿Øm-hmb tbip-

hns‚ kzcq-]-tØmSv A\p-cq-]-s∏´v (tdm-a. 8:29˛30)

`mhn tXP-kn\pw Ah-Im-i-Øn\pw ""aI≥ ]Z-hn°pw''

hnizm-kn-Iƒ Hgn-®p-Iq-Sm-\m-hmØ hn[w ap≥\n-b-an-

°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu hn[nsb XS-bp-hm≥ B¿°pw

H∂n\pw Ign-bp-∂-X√. ImcWw ]c-am-[n-Im-cn-bmb

ssZh-Øns‚ am‰-an-√mØ \n¿ÆbamWXv.

II. ssZh-Øns‚ c£-bpsS hyhÿ A\p-k-cn-

°p∂hcpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ c£ ]tbm-Kn-I-am-°p-∂p

A. BapJw

ssZh-h-N\w hniz-kn-°p∂ Hcp k -sb-°p-dn®v Hcmƒ

]Tn-°m-\m-cw-`n-®m¬ c£-tbm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬

hcp∂ \nc-h[n ]tbm-K-ßfpw ssien-I-fpw -I≠v

A¤p-X-s∏-Spw. ssZh-Øns‚ A`y¿∞-\-Iƒ hnhn[

\ne-bn¬ ImWmw. ""hniz-kn-°pI'' ""am\-km-¥-c-s∏-

SpI'', ""G‰p-]-d-bpI'',""kzbsØ XyPn-°pI'',

""hgßpI'', ""ka¿∏n-°pI'', ""kzoI-cn-°pI'', ""AwKo-

I-cn-°pI'', ""tbip-hns\ I¿Øm-hmbn kzoI-cn-°pI'',

""tbip-hn-t\mSv lrZ-b-Øn¬ hcp-hm≥ ]d-bpI'',

""F√mw XyPn-°pI'' XpS-ßn-b-h-bm-Wv. Nne-t∏mƒ Cu

]tbm-K-ß-fn¬ NneXv Hcp-an®v hcp-Ibpw c£-bpsS

aqt∂m \mtem At©m ]Sn-I-fmbn \¬Ip-Ibpw

sNøp∂p (D-Zm. BZyw am\-km-¥-c-s∏-Sp-I, AXn-\p-

tijw hniz-kn-°pI, ]ns∂ G‰p]-d-bpI XpS-ßn-b-

h-bm-Wv). Cu ]tbm-K-ß-sf√mw Htc A¿∞-amtWm

\¬Ip-∂Xv, c£bv°v Ht∂m AXn-e-[n-Itam hyh-

ÿ-I-fpt≠m? Hcp-In-kvXym\n I¿Øm-hns\ km£n-

°m-s\m-cp-ßp-∂Xn\pw apºpw Hcp kphn-ti-j-I≥ ]c-

ky-ambn kphn-ti-j-tLm-jWw \S-Øp-∂-Xn\p

apºpw tNmZn-t°≠ tNmZyw ""Ah¿ c£n-°-s∏-Sp-

hm≥ F¥mWv sNtø-≠Xv?'' Cu tNmZy-Øn-\p

InkvXo-b-amb DØcw Is≠-Ø-Ww.

B. hniz-kn-°pI, Bi-bn-°pI, hnizmkw ]mtbm-

Kn-I-am-°p-I

hnizm-k-amWv c£-bv°p≈ GI hyh-ÿ-sb∂v

At\Iw ssZh-h-N-\- m-K-ß-fn¬ ImWmw. hnizm-k-

Øns‚ ]cym-b-amWv Bi-bw. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ 150 ---

˛¬ A[nIw thZ- m-K-ß-fn¬ c£-bv°p≈ GI hyh-

ÿ-bmbn ]pXnb- \n-b-a-Øn¬ ImWp-∂Xv hniz-kn-

°pI amX-amWv. at‰Xp hyhÿ Iqń-t®¿Ømepw

AXv Cu hmIy-ßsf A]q¿Æhpw sX‰n-≤m-cWm-P-

\-I-am-°p-hm\pw Imc-W-am-°pw. AXp-sIm≠v

c£bv°v bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Bh-iy-ambn hcp∂

hyh-ÿsb ]I-S-am-°p-hm≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂

F√m ]Z-ßfpw (DZmlW-ambn am\-km-¥-cw)

hnizm-k-Øm¬ amX-ap≈ c£ F∂ Bi-b-

tØmSp s]mcp-Ø-ap-≈-Xm-bn-cn°Ww. c£-tbmSp≈

_‘-Øn¬ hnizmkw amXw F∂ hyh-ÿ-tbmSp

s]mcpØw hcmØ Bi-b-ßƒ sX‰m-b- \n-e-bnepw

A]-I-S-I-c-amb \ne-bnepw Zpcp-]-tZ-i-ß-fm-Wv. \ho-

I-cWw Bcw-`n® F√m \ho-IrX ssZh-im-kvX-

⁄∑m-cp-sSbpw \ho-I-c-W-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\

]amWw tkmfm nsU(Sola fide), hnizmkw amXw

F∂m-bn-cp-∂p. hnizmkw amX-amWv c£bv°v ASn-

ÿm\w F∂p shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ Nne ][m\ thZmw-

i-ßƒ XpS¿∂p-\-evIp-∂p:

""Xs‚ GI-Pm-X-\mb ]pX-\n¬ hniz-kn-

°p∂ Gh\pw \in-®p-t]m-ImsX \nXy-Po-h≥

]m]n-t°-≠-Xn\p ssZhw Ahs\ \evIp-hm≥

X°-hÆw temIsØ kvt\ln®p

(tbm-l. 3:16).

""Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h\v \ymb-hn[n C√.

hnizkn-°m-Ø-h\v ssZh-Øns‚ GI-Pm-X-

\mb ]pXs‚ \ma-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°m-bvI-bm¬

\ymb-hn[n h∂p Ign™p (tbm-l. 3:18).


146

""Bta≥ Bta≥, Rm≥ \nß-tfmSv ]d-bp∂p;


kn-°p-∂-h\v \nXy-Po-h≥ D≠v; Ah≥ \ymb-

hn-[n-bn-em-ImsX ac-W-Øn¬ \n∂p Poh-¶-

te°p IS-∂n-cn-°p-∂p'' (tbm-l. 5:24).

""]pXs\ t\m°n-s°m≠v Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn-

°p∂ Gh\pw \nXy-Po-h≥ D≠m-tI-W-sa-∂m-

Ip∂p Fs‚ ]nXm-hns‚ CjvSw; Rm≥

Ahs\ HSp-°sØ \mfn¬ Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-

ev∏n-°pw'' (tbm-l. 6:40).

""Bta≥ Bta≥ Rm≥ \nß-tfmSv ]d-bp∂p

hniz -kn -°p -∂-h\v \nXy -Po -h≥ D≠v''

(tbm-l. 6:47).

tbip Ah-tfmSv: ""Rm≥ Xs∂ ]p\-cp-∞m-

\hpw Poh\pw BIp∂p; F∂n¬ hniz-kn-°p-

∂-h≥ acn-®mepw Pohn°pw. Pohn-®n-cp∂v

F∂n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿ Bcpw Hcp-\mfpw acn-

°-bn-√. CXp \o hniz-kn-°p-∂pthm F∂p

]d™p'' (tbm-l. 11:25˛26).

Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂-X-√msX

a‰v At\Iw AS-bm-f-ßfpw tbip Xs‚ injy-

∑m¿ Im¨sI sNbvXp. F∂m¬ tbip ssZh-

]p-X-\mb InkvXp F∂p \nßƒ hniz-kn-t°-

≠-Xn\pw hniz-kn-®n´v Ah-s‚ \ma-Øn¬

\nßƒ°v Poh≥ D≠m-tI-≠-Xn\pw CXv

Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂p (tbm-l. 20:30˛31).

""...... -k-I-e-Øn¬ \n∂pw hniz-kn-°p∂

Gh\pw Ch-\m¬ \oXo-I-cn -°-s∏-Sp -∂p

(A-t∏m. ]h. 13:39).

bP-am-\-∑msc c£-]m-]n-∏m≥ Rm≥ F¥p

sNtøWw F∂p tNmZn®p. I¿Øm-hmb

tbip-hn¬ hniz-kn° F∂m¬ \obpw

\ns‚ IpSpw -_hpw c£ ]m]n°pw

(A-t∏m. 16: 30-- -- 31).

""kphn-ti-j-sØ-°p-dn®v F\n°v e÷-bn√

hnizkn-°p∂ Gh\pw BZyw blq-Z\pw

]ns∂ bh-\\pw AXp c£-bv°mbn ssZh-

i-‡n-bm-Ip-∂p-ht√m'' (tdm-a. 1:16).

AXn\p \ymb-]-am-Whpw ]hm-N-I-∑mcpw

km£yw ]d-bp-∂p.- Hcp hyXym-khpw C√;

F√m-hcpw ]m]w sNbvXp ssZh-tX-P- n-√m-

Ø-h-cmbnØo¿∂p (tdm-a. 3:22).

hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿°v Ah≥ Xs‚ c‡w aqew

]mb-›n-Ø-am-Ip-hm≥ ssZhw Ahs\ ]c-ky-

ambn \n¿Ø-bn-cn-°p∂p'' (tdm-a. 3:25).

Aßs\ a\p-jy≥ \ymb-]-am-W-Øns‚ ]hr-

Øn-Iq-SmsX hnizm-k-Øm¬Øs∂ \oXo-I-

cn-°-s∏-Sp∂p F∂p \mw A\p-am-\n-°p∂p

(tdm-a. 3:28).

""ssZhw GI-\t√m: Ah≥ hnizm-kw-aqew

]cn-t—-Z-\-°m-scbpw hnizm-k-Øm¬ AK-

N¿Ωn-I-sfbpw \oXo-I-cn-°p∂p (tdm-a. 3:30).

""]h¿Øn-°m-Ø-h≥ F¶nepw A`-‡s\

\oXo-I-cn-°p-∂-h-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-ht\m

Ahs‚ hnizmkw \oXn-bmbn IW-°n-Sp∂p''

(tdm-a. 4:5).

hnizm-k-Øm¬ \oXo-I-cn-°-s∏- n´p \ΩpsS

I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-kvXp-aqew \ap°p ssZh-

tØmSp kam[m\w D≠v (tdm-a. 5:1).

""Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h≥ Hcp-Ø\pw

e÷n-®p-t]m-I-bn√'' F∂p Xncp-sh-gp-Øn¬

Acp-fn-s®-bp-∂pht√m... BI-bm¬ hnizmkw

tIƒhn-bmepw tIƒhn InkvXp-hns‚ hN-\-

Ømepw hcp∂p (tdm-a. 10:11, 17).

""F∂m¬ tbip-In-kvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-

Øm-e-√msX \ymb-]-am-W-Øns‚ ]-hrØn-

bm¬ a\p-jy¿ \oXn-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂n√ F∂v

Adn-™n-cn-°-s°m≠,v \mapw \ymb-]-am-W-

Øns‚ ]h¿Øn-I-fm-e√ InkvXp-hn-ep≈

hnizm-k-Øm¬Øs∂ \oXo-I-cn-°-s∏-tS-≠-

Xn\v InkvXp -tb-ip -hn¬ hniz -kn®p''

(K-em. 2:16).

A_mlmw ssZh-Øn¬ hniz-kn®p AXv

Ah\p \oXn-bmbn IW-°n´p F∂p-≠-t√m.

AXp-sIm≠v hnizm-kn-Iƒ AsX A_-lm-

ans‚ a°ƒ- F∂p Adn-hn≥ (K-em. 3:6˛7).

F∂m¬ \ymb-]-am-W-Øm¬ Bcpw ssZh-

k-∂n-[n-bn¬ \oXo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂n-√ F∂Xp

kv]jvSw, ""\oXn -am≥ hnizm -k-Øm¬

Pohn°pw'' F∂t√m D≈Xv (K-em. 3:11).

F¶nepw hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿°v hmKvZØw

tbip-In-kvXp-hnse hnizm-k-Øm¬ e`n-t°-

≠-Xn\p Xncp-sh-gpØv F√mh-scbpw ]m]-

Øn≥ Iog-S-®p-I-f-™p (K-em. 3:22).

Aßs\ \mw hnizm-k-Øm¬ \oXo-I-cn-°-

s∏-tS-≠-Xn\v \ymb-]-amWw InkvXp-hns‚

ASp-°-te°p \S-Øp-hm≥ \ap°p inip-]m-e-

I-\mbn `hn®p (K-em-Xy¿ 3:24).


147

InkvXp-tb-ip-hnse hnizm-k-Øm¬ \nßƒ

F√m-hcpw ssZh-Øns‚ a°ƒ BIp∂p

(K-em-Xy¿ 3:26).

Ir]-bm-et√m \nßƒ hnizmkw aqew c£n-

°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv. AXn\pw \nßƒ Imc-W-

a√ ssZh-Øns‚ Zm\-a-sX-bm-Ip∂p; Bcpw

]iw-kn-°m-Xn-cn-∏m≥ ]hrØn-Ifpw Imc-W-

a√ (F-s^. 2:8˛9).

hnizmkw amX-amWv c£bv°v B[mcsa∂ ssZh-

h-N-\-kXyw AwKo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw AtX-k-abw hnizm-

k-Øn\p Hcp sX‰mb \n¿h-N\w sImSp-°pIbpw

sNøm-\p≈ km≤y-X-bp-≠v. AXp-sIm≠v ssZh-h-N\

]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ IrXy-ambn c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw

\n¿h-Nn-t°-≠-Xn\v Bh-iy-am-Wv.

1. hnizm-k-Øns‚ F_mb ]›m-Ø-ehpw A¿

∞hpw

sshZy\mb eqt°mkv HgnsI F√w ]pXn-b-\n-ba

Fgp-Øp-Imcpw blq-Z-∑m-cm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿°v ]g-b-

\n-baw kp]-cn-Nn-X-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse

hnizm-k-Øns‚ A¿∞-a-\p-k-cn-®mWv Ah¿ hnizm-

ksØ a\- n-em-°n-b-Xv.

""hniz-kn-°pI'' F∂-Xn-\p≈ F_mb ]Zw Bam≥

BWv. AXn¬ \n∂v Bta≥ F∂ ]Zw D≠mbn.

Nne Inbm [mXp-°-fn¬ (qal/niphal) Cu ]Z-Øns‚

A¿∞w ""kpÿn-c-am-bn-cn-°pI,'' klm-bn-°pI, Z-

am-°pI, hniz-kvX-X-tbm-Sn-cn-°pI'' XpS-ßn-b-h-bm-Wv.

]n≥Ã-Wn¬ \n∂p≈ hen-b -ssZ-h-im-kvX-]-WvUn-

X≥ _n. _n. ô¬Uv ]d-bp-∂Xv, ""Bam≥ A¿∞-

am-°p-∂Xv ]nSn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv F¥p Xs∂-bm-bmepw

AXv kpÿ-nc-amWv, AYhm Bi-bn-°p-hm≥

sIm≈m-hp-∂-XmWv'' 40 F∂m-Wv. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬

Bam≥ Fßs\ D]-tbm-Kn®p F∂-Xns‚ ASn-ÿm-

\-Øn¬ cq]-s∏-Sp-Ønb \n¿∆-N-\-am-WnXv.

Bam≥ ([m-Xp-hn¬) D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv Ipń-Isf

klmbn®p t]mjn-∏n®p \ne-\n¿Øp∂ kq£n-∏p-

Im¿°mWv (k-lm-bn-°pI F∂-Xns‚ B£-cnI-

amb Bibw kmº-ØnI klmbw \¬In Ahsc

hln-°p-∂-Xn-s\-bmWv). Cu hm°ns‚ A¿∞w

""hf¿Ø-—≥'' ""t]m‰Ω'' AYhm ""[mXn'' XpSßn

\ne-bn¬ XpS¿∂p≈ thZ- m-K-ß-fn¬ ImWmw. kJy.

11:12, cqØv 4:16, 2 iap. 4:4, 2 cmPm. 10:1, 5; Ftÿ¿

2:7; sbi. 49:23 hnem-]-ßƒ 4:5 Hcp c£-mI¿Ømh,v

[mXn, hf¿ØΩ, hf¿Ø-—≥ Ch-cn-sem-s°-bmWv

Ip™v ]q¿Æ-ambpw Bi-bn-°p-∂X.v Ah≥, AYhm

Ahƒ hniz-kn-°-Ø-°Xpw Bi-bn-°m-hp-∂Xpw Dd-

∏p-≈Xpw klm-b-I-c-hp-am-W.v Bam≥ (qual Inbm-]-

Z-Øn¬) kpc-£n-XXzw \¬Ip-∂Xpw klm-b-I-c-hp-

amb Iń-f-I-tfm-Sp≈ _‘-Ønepw XqWp-I-tfm-Sp≈

_‘-Ønepw D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v. CXv 2 cmP. 18:16 epw,

\ntj-[-cq-]-Øn¬ h‰n-t∏m-Ip∂ sh≈-tØm-Sp≈

_‘-Øn¬ bnsc-aymhv 15:18 epw ImWp-∂p.

Bams‚ as‰mcp hymI-c-W-cq-]-hpw(the niphil)CtX

A¿∞-amWv \¬Ip-∂-Xv. Cu ]Zw Dd-∏p-≈Xpw klm-

b-I-chpw Bi-bn-°m-hp-∂-Xp-amb Hcw-isØ Nq≠n-

°m-Wn-°p-∂p. sbi-ømhv Cu hm°v D]-tbm-Kn-°p-

∂Xv BWn kpc-£n-X-ambn Xd-bv°p-hm≥ Ign-bp∂

Hcp `nØn-sb-bm-Wv, AXp t]mse Ip™p-ßsf

klm-bn-°p-∂-Xn\pw D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂p (sb-i. 22:23;

25; 60:4) sbi-ømhv 33:16˛¬ sh≈Øn\p Bi-bn-

°m-hp-∂Xpw DW-ßn-t∏m-Im-Ø-Xp-amb Hcp Acp-hnsb

CXv Nq≠n-°m-Wn -°p -∂p. AXp-t]mse \ne-

\n¬°p∂ Hcp cmPy-sØbpw ImWn-°p∂p (2 iaq.

7:16). hy‡n-I-tfm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ Bam≥ D]-tbm-

Kn-°p-tºmƒ Hcp hmKvZØw \nd-th-‰p∂ Imcy-Øn¬

Bi-bn-°m-hp-∂-h\mWv ssZhw F∂ A¿∞-amWv

\¬Ip-∂Xv (D-Zm. Bh. 7:9; k¶o. 89:28). AXp-t]mse,

]Ww ssIImcyw sNøp-∂-Xn¬ Bi-bn-°p-hm≥ Ign-

bp∂ `Wv-Um-cKr-l-hn-Nm-c-I-s\bpw kqNn-∏n-°p∂p

(s\-l-aymhv 13: 13). Cu DZm-l-c-W-ß-fn¬ \n∂p

Bam≥ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂Xv Dd-∏v, Bi-b-t_m[w

hniz-kvXX hnizm-kobX XpS-ßn-b-h-sb-bmWv.

Cu D]-tbm-K-ß-fn¬ \n∂v Bsa≥ (the hiphil) --s‚

DXv]m-Z-cq-]-Øns‚ A¿∞asX Dd-∏n-√m-Xn-cn-°pI,

Bi-bn-°p-hm≥ Ign-Xm-Xn-cn-°pI, XpS-ßn-b-h-bm-

sW∂p Hcmƒ°p thW-sa-¶n¬ ]Xo-£n-°mw.

F∂m¬ Nne hy‡n-I-sftbm hkvXp-°-sftbm

Dd-∏p-≈-sX∂pw Bi-bn-°-Ø-°-sX∂pw hniz-kn-

°-Ø-°-sX∂pw ]cn-K-Wn-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ hniz-kvX-

am-bn-cn-°p∂ H∂n¬ \n∂p≈ am‰-amW v as‰m-

∂ns\ hniz-kvX-am-sW∂p ]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂Xv. Cu

kz`m-hap≈ as‰m-∂ns\ \mw ]cn-K-Wn-°p-tºmƒ \mw

Ah-bn¬ Bi-bn-°p∂p Ahsb Bew-_-am-°p∂p,

Ahsb hniz-kn-°p∂p. CXmWv hnizm-k-sØ-°p-dn-

®p≈ F_mb Bi-b-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm\ A¿∞w.

_p≤n-]-c-ambn Hcp kXyw AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂v

Hcp hy‡nsb Bi-bn-°p∂ Xe-Øn-te°p ]tXyI

A¿∞-ß-fpsS Iao-I-cWw kw -hn-°p-∂p.

40 Benjamin B. Warfield, Biblical and Theological studies, ed.Samuel G. Craig, reprint ed. (Philadelphia: The Presbyterianand Reformed publishing co., 1968) 429.


148

F_m. 1:5˛¬ hnizmkw A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv Hcp ktµ-

i-Øns‚ kXyw _p≤n-]-c-ambn hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

Bibw F∂ Bibw AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ thZ- m-K-

ßƒ km[m-c-W-bmbn D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ ssien hniz-

kn-°pI F∂-XmWv. Bam≥ D]-tbm--Kn-®n-cn-°p∂

Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂ thZ- m-K-ß-fn¬ Bi-bn-°pI F∂

Bibw Dƒs°m-≈n-®-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn°cp-Xmw. Dev].

15:6; ]pd. 14:31; kwJy. 14:11; Bh. 1:32; 9:23; 28:66; 2

cmPm. 17:14; 2 Zn\. 20:20; Ctøm_v 24:22; k¶o. 27:13;

78:22; 106:24; sbi. 28:16; 43:10. XpS¿∂p ]d-bp∂ thZ-

`m-K-ß-fn¬ Nne-t∏m-sgms°, Hcp kXysØ _p≤n-

]-c-ambn hniz-kn-°pI F∂ Bi-bhpw, Hcp

hy‡nsb Bi-bn-°pI F∂ Bi-bhpw Hcp-an®v

hcp-∂-Xmbn°mWmw. kwJy. 14:11 Bh. 1:32, 9:23.

ImtZiv _¿t∂-bn¬ \n∂p I\m≥\mSv Iog-S-°p-hm≥

t]mIp-∂-Xn¬ ]cm-P-b-s∏´ bnkm-tb-ens‚ Ah-ÿ-

bn¬ \n∂p hn`n-∂-amWv hnizm-kw. a‰p hm°n¬ ]d-

™m¬, ssZhw Ah¿°v tZiw Xcp-sa-∂p≈

ktµiw _p≤n-]-c-ambn hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw AtXm-

sSm∏w tZiw BI-an-°-Ø° \ne-bn¬ ssZh-Øn¬

Bi-bn-°p-Ibpw th≠n-bn-cp-∂p. ]pd. 4:31- ¬ ImWp-

∂Xv ssZhw Ahsc ank-bn-an¬ \n∂p hnSp-hn-°p-

sa-∂p≈ tamsi-bpsS ktµ-isØ _p≤n-]-c-ambn

hniz-kn®p F∂m-Wv. F∂m¬ Ah¿ Bibw F∂

A¿∞-Ønepw hniz-kn-®n-cp-∂p. sbi. 7:9 ¬ ImWp-

∂Xv Blmkv cmPmhv Xs‚ iXp-°-fpsS ssIbn¬

\n∂p≈ hnSp-X¬ _p≤n-]-c-ambn hniz-kn-°-W-sa∂p

sbi-ømhv Bhn-iy-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ cmPm-hn\p

ssZh-Øns‚ Ir]-bm-ep≈ hmKvZ-ØØn¬ Dd∏pw

hnizm-khpw thW-sa∂p ]hm-N-I≥ C—n-°p-∂p.

sshcp-≤y-ßfpw kam-¥-c-ßfpw Hcp hm°ns\ \n¿h-

Nn-°p-∂-Xn\p klm-bn-°pw. k¶o. 27:13˛14˛¬ Bsa≥

]Xym-ibv°p kam-¥-c-am-Wv. k¶o. 78:22 ¬ CXv

Bibw F∂v ""A¿∞w \¬Ip∂ as‰mcp F_mb

hm°n\v kam-¥-c-am-Wv. 2 cmPm. 7:14 epw Bh. 9:23

epw ImWp-∂Xv a’-c-Øn\p hn]-co-X-am-bn-´mWv

hnizm-kw. AXm-bXv Iqdv 41. l_-°q°v 2:4 ¬ ""\oXn-

amt\m hnizm-k-Øm¬ Pohn-®n-cn°pw'' F∂p-≈Xv

Al-¶m-c-Øn-s\-Xn-cm-Wv. Cu Al-¶mcw, Al-¶m-cn-

Ifpw [n°m-cn-I-fp-amb _mt_¬ \nhm-kn-Iƒ ]I-

Sn-∏n-°p-∂-XmWv. F∂m¬ hnizmkw Xmgvabpw Bi-

bhpam-Wv.

]pXnb \nb-a Fgp-Øp-Im¿ Xß-fpsS ]Tn-∏n-°-ep-I-

fn¬ hnizm-k-Øns‚ Cu Bi-b-ß-fpsS A¿∞-ß-

fmWv Dƒs°m-≈n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXp-sIm≠v \ap°v

]Xo-£n-°m-hp-∂-Xv, Ah-cpsS ssZh-Øn-ep≈

hnizmkw A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv ssZhsØ kpc-£n-XXzw

\¬Ip-∂-h-\mbpw, Bi-bn-°p-∂-h-\mbpw, Dd-∏p-≈-

h-\mbpw hnizm-k-tbm-Ky-\mbpw ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bp-

∂-XmWv. a\p-jys‚ ho£-W-tIm-Wn¬ \n∂p

t\m°p-tºmƒ CXns\ hnfn-°m-hp-∂Xv Bibw

ZrVhn-izmkw, Bew_w, A`bw F∂n-ß-s\-

bmWv.

2. c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw: F¥√-

bYm-ÿn-XnI D]-tZ-i-ß-fnepw, tbip-In-kvXp-hn-s\-

°p-dn-®p≈ Nne kXy-ß-fn-ep-ap≈ _p≤n-]-c-amb

hnizm-k-sØ-°mfp]cnbmWv c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-

sa∂p ]pXnb \nbaw hy‡-am-°p∂p (bm-t°m. 2:

19; tbml. 2:23˛24, 3: 2). \nt°m-tZ-tamkv ssZh-Øns‚

AkvXn-Xz-Øn-epw, tbip-InkvXp ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂v

Hcp A¤pX ]h¿Ø-I-\mbn h∂n-cn-°p-∂psh

∂Xnepw hniz-kn-®n-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ I¿Ømhv Ah-

t\mSv ]d-bp-∂Xv, Cß-s\-bm-sW-¶nepw Ah≥

ho≠pw P\n-°-W-sa-∂mWv (1 tbml. 3:3). ]nim-Np-

°fpw icn-bmb D]-tZ-i-amWv _p≤n-]-c-ambn hniz-

kn-°p-∂-sX∂p bmt°m_v Hm¿Ωn∏n-°p∂p (bm-t°m.

2:19; ImWpI aØm. 4:3; 8:29, a¿t°m. 1:34; 3:11; 5:7;

eqt°m. 8:29 At∏m. -]-h. 16:17; 19:15) 42 InkvXp-hn-

s\-°p-dn-®p≈ Nne ]-[m-\-s∏´ kXy-ßƒ Dƒs∏- -

Xmb hnizm-k-amWv c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-sa-¶nepw;

_p≤n-]-c-amb hnizm-k-sØ-°mƒ D]-cn-bmWv c£n-

°p∂ hnizm-kw.

ssZhw GI≥ F∂p \o hniz-kn-°p-∂pthm;

sIm≈mw; ]nim-Np-°fpw Aßs\ hniz-kn-°p-

Ibpw hndbv-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p (bm-t°m. 2:19).

D]-tZ-i-tØmSp _p≤n-]-c-ambn ]Xn-I-cn-°p-∂Xv c£n-

°p∂ hnizm-k-a-s√-¶n¬, hnIm-c-]-ctam XmXv°m-en-

Itam Bb hnizm-khpw c£n-°p-∂n-√. Hmim\ Rmb-

dmgvN InkvXp Xß-fpsS cmPm-hm-sW∂p ]Jym-]n-

°p-tºmƒ ]I-S-am-Ip∂ Xc-Øn-ep≈ hniz-k-amWv

hnIm-c-]-c-amb hnizmkw aØm. 21:1˛11; a¿t°m. 11:

1˛11; eqt°m. 19:28˛40; tbml. 12:12- 19). Cu thZ- m-K-

ßƒ hmbn-°p-tºmƒ InkvXp-hn-s\-°p-dn®v hfsc

hnIm-c-]-c-amb hm°p-Iƒ ImWmw. P\-°q´w B¿Øp


41 InkvXp-hns‚ A[n-Im-c-Øn\p ]q¿Æ-ambn hnt[-b-s∏-Sp-ØmØ lrZ-b-Ønepw c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw \ne-\n-ev°p-sa∂v Cu ]-T\w hmZn-°p-∂p. F∂ncp∂mepw,kºq¿Æ a’ctØmsSm∏w \nesIm≈m≥ c£n°p∂hnizmkØn\v Ignbpsa∂v A¿∞an√.

42 aØmbn 4: 3 se F¶n¬ A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv ""Bbncns°''F∂mWv. tbip ssZh-]p-X-\m-sW∂p kmØm≥ kΩ-Xn®p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂p.

149

""bnkm-tb-ens‚ cmPm-hmbn I¿Øm-hns‚ \ma-Øn¬

hcp-∂-h≥ hmgvØ-s∏- -h≥. I¿Øm-hns‚ \ma-Øn¬

hcp -∂-h≥ hmgvØ-s∏-´ -h≥, ZmhoZp ]pX\p

tlmi∂m;'' F∂m¬ Hcm-gvN-I-gn-™-t∏mƒ, AtX

P\-°q´w Xs∂ B¿Øp hnfn®p ""Ahs\ Iqin-

t°Ww'' ""Ahs‚ c‡w Rß-fp-sS-taepw Rß-fpsS

a°-fp-sSbpw hcs´'' (a-Øm. 27:22, 25) ""Rßƒ°p

ssIkc-√msX as‰mcp cmPm-hn√'' (tbm-l. 19:15).

F¥p-sIm-≠mWv Aßs\bp≈ am‰ap≠mbXv?

Hmim\ Rmb-dmgvN blq-Z-P-\-ßƒ hnIm-c-]-chpw

XmXv°m-en-I-hp-amb Hcp hnizm-k-amWv ]I-Sn-∏n-®Xv.

Ah¿ Ct∏mƒ tdmam-°m-cn¬ \n∂v A\p- -hn-°p∂

IjvS-X-I-fn¬ \n∂v Ahsc c£n-°p∂ Hcp cmjvSob

hntam-N-I-\mbn tbip-hns\ AwKo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ BK-

ln-°p-∂p. Xs‚ ipiqjbpsS, Bcw- -Im-e-L- -ß-

fn¬ tbip-hns\ _e-ambn cmPm-hm-°p-hm≥ P\-ßƒ

i-an-°p∂p (tbm-l. 6:15). Ah¿°v tbip-hns\

th≠Xv Ah-cpsS XmXv°m-en-I-amb ]iv\-ß-fn¬

c£ \¬Ip-hm-\m-Wv. F∂m¬ bYm¿∞-ambn AX√

P\-ßƒ Ah-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ sNtø-≠Xv (tbm-

l. 6:26). ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p c£n-°p∂ Hcp Bflob

c£-I-s\-b√ Ah¿ At\z-jn-®Xv. InkvXp Cß-

s\-bp≈ XmXv°m-en-Ihpw hnIm-c-]-c-hp-amb hnizm-

ksØ sNdp°p-∂p. P\-°q-´-sa√mw Bthiw

sIm≠v tbip-hn\v Ah-cpsS XmXv°m-en-I-amb

cmjvSob ]iv\-Øn¬ \n∂p c£n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-

sa∂p hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ Hcp-ßn. F∂m¬ ]m]-Øn¬

\n∂p c£-]m-]n-°-W-sa-∂p≈ bmsXmcp Bflob

XmXv]-cy-hp-an-√. Cu \ne-bn-ep≈ hnIm-c-]-c-amb

hnizm-ksØ hnØp hnXbv°p-∂-hs‚ D]-a-bn¬

ImWp∂ ""]md-ÿ-eØp Gsd aÆn-√mØ CS-Øp-

hoW hnØn-t\mSv'' Xpe\w sNøm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. hnIm-

c-]-c-amb kt¥m-j-tØmsS hN\w kzoI-cn-°p-∂p.

F∂m¬ Bgw C√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ ^ew XmXv°m-en-I-

am-Wv. (a-Øm. 13:20˛21, a¿t°m. 4:16˛17, eqt°m. 8:13).

Ah¿s°mcp cmjvSob c£n-Xm-hns\ AYhm Hcp

sshZy-imkvX c£n-Xm-hns\, As√-¶n¬ Hcp kmº-

ØnI c£n-Xm-hn-s\-bmWv Bhiyw. A√msX Hcp

]m]-tam-N-I-s\-b-√.

C∂v Hcp hy‡n Xs‚ tcmK-Øn¬ \n∂pw XI¿∂

_‘-Øn¬ \n∂pw kmº-ØnI `mc-Øn¬ \n∂pw

tbip c£n-°p-sa∂p BK-lnt®°mw. Cß-s\-bp≈

XmXv°m-en-I-]-iv\-ß-fn¬ tbip klm-bn-°-psa∂p

kXy-k-‘-ambn hniz-kn-°mw. amX-a√, B Imcy-

Øn¬ hfsc Bhiw sIm≈p-I-hsc sNømw. Xo¿®-

bmbpw Cß-s\-bp≈ IjvS-X-I-fn¬ InkvXp-hns‚

klmbw BK-ln-°p-∂Xv Ahn-th-Itam sXt‰m

A√. F∂m¬ Cu \ne-bn-ep≈ hnizmkw AXn¬

Xs∂ c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-a-√. Hcp hy‡n Xs‚

]tXyI Xmev°m-enI ]iv\w ]cn-l-cn-°pI amX-

amWv tbip-hn¬ \n∂v BK-ln-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬, Xs‚

]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p c£-t\-S-W-sa∂p BK-ln-®n-s√-

¶n¬ AXp c£n°p∂ hnizm-k-a-√. Hcp hy‡n-bpsS

]m]-Øns‚ Ip‰-Øn¬ \n∂p c£n-°p∂ c£n-Xm-

hmb InkvXp-hns\ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\p Xpey-a√

Xs‚ ]iv\ ]cn-lm-c-I-\mbn InkvXp-hns\ hniz-

kn-°p-∂Xv. At\-I-am-fp-Iƒ i‡-amb kΩ¿±-tØm-

sS-bp-ff kphn-ti-jm-lzm-\-ß-tfmSv hnIm-c-t£m-`-

tØmsStbm As√-¶n¬ Bi-b-°p-g-∏-tØm-sStbm

]Xn-I-cn-°p-∂p. Ah¿ \S-°p-∂Xv lrZbw apgp-h≥

]iv\-ßfp-am-bn-´m-Wv. InkvXp-hn\v Cu ]iv\-ß-

sf√mw ]cn-l-cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-sa∂v Ah¿ hniz-kn-

°p-Ibpw, Aßs\ sNøp-hm≥ Ah-t\mSv bmNn-°p-

I-bpw -sN-øp-∂p. F¶nepw ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p c£n-

°p-hm≥ tbip-hn¬ Bi-bn-°p-∂n-√m-sb-¶n¬ ]cn-

Wn-X- ew Pohn-X-]-iv\-ßsf Ipsd-°qSn sa®-amb

\ne-bn¬ ImWp∂ XmXv°m-en-I-amb hnIm-c-]-chpw

aX-]-c-hp-amb A\p- hw amX-am-Wv. Aßs\ Pohn-

XsØ sa®-s∏-Sp-Øm\p≈ hnIm-c-]-ctam XmXv°m

enItam Bb InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizmkw c£n-°p∂

hnizm-k-a√, AXp- \ne-\n¬°p-∂-Xp-a-√.

""]md-ta-ep-≈-htcm tIƒ°p-tºmƒ hN\w

kt¥m-j-tØmsS ssIs°m-≈p-∂-h¿ F¶n

epw Ah¿°p thcn√; Ah¿ XXv°mew hniz-

kn-°p-Ibpw ]co£mka-bØp ]n≥hm-ßn-t∏m-

Ip-Ibpw sNøp∂p'' (eq-t°m. 8:13).

3. c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw: F¥mWv?

]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°pI F∂Xpw AXns‚

\ma-amb hnizmkw F∂Xpw GI-tZiw 480 ]mhiyw

hcp∂p (hn-izm-kw(faith), hniz-kn-°p-I(belif), F∂-

Xn-s\√mw Ko°n¬ Hcp hm°p-X-s∂-bmWv D]-tbm-

Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv). Cu ]cn-anXamb ]T-\-Øn¬ Ch-

bn-tem-tcm∂pw ]cn-tim-[n-°pI Akm-≤y-amWv. F∂n-

cp-∂mepw, Ahsb Iq´-ß-fmbn th¿Xn-cn-°m\pw

bp‡n-]-c-amb cq]-Øn¬ N¿® sNøp-hm\pw Ign-bpw.

Nne kXy-ß-tfm-Sp≈ ]n≥Xp-WtbmsS tbip-hn\p

XmXv°m-en-I-amb IjvS-ß-fn¬ klm-bn-°p-hm≥ Ign-

bp-sa∂pw hniz-kn-®p-sIm≠v, hnIm-c-]-c-amb \ne-bn¬

tbip-hn-¶-te°p BI¿jn-°-s∏-Sp-Itbm sNøp-∂-Xn-

s\-°mƒ D]-cn-bmWv c£n-°p∂ hnizm-kw. Cßs\

]d-s™-¶nepw, a\p-jys‚ tZln-bpsS aq∂p `mK-ß-

fmb _p≤n, hnIm-c-ßƒ, C— Ch-bn-se√mw c£n-

°p∂ hnizm-k-Øns‚ ]hrØn IS-∂p- sN-√p-sa∂


150

]m[m-\y-tØmsS AwKo-I-cn-t°-≠-XmWv.

InkvXp-hns‚ hy‡n-Xz-sØ-°p-dn®pw the-sb-°p-

dn®pw Hcp hy‡n Xs‚ a\- p-sIm≠v _p≤n-]-c-ambn

Nne- ASn-ÿm-\-k-Xy-ßƒ hniz-kn-°Ww CXm-Wv.

c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-Øns‚ D≈S°w. Aß-s\-bm-

bmepw Hcp-hy‡n Xs‚ a\- p-sIm≠v kphn-tijw

kXy-amb hkvXp-X-bm-sW∂v hniz-kn-°p-tºmƒ,

Xs‚ hnIm-c-ßƒs°m≠v B hy‡n B kXy-ß-

sf-°p-dn®p≈ ZrU-hn-izmkw hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-°p-∂p.

AXv kXy-am-sW∂p amX-a√ Xs‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬ Hgn-

®p-Iq-Sm-\m-hmØ Bh-iy-am-sW∂p B hy‡n ImWp-

∂p. Xs‚ hnIm-c-ßƒs°m≠v Abmƒ kphn-ti-j-

Øns‚ aqeyw kΩ-Xn-°p-Ibpw Aßs\ hy‡n-]-c-

ambn (I¿i-\-amb ssZh-im-kvX-Øn\p hn]-co-X-ambn)

hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. hkvXp-X-Iƒ kXy-am-

sW∂p IcpXpI amX-a√, hy‡n-]-c-ambn ]k-‡n-

bp-≈-Xmbpw Bh-iy-ap-f-f-Xmbpw AwKo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv.

C—m-i‡n ]I-Sn-∏n-°p∂ hnizmkw IqSmsX hnIm-

c-ßfpw a\ p amXw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ hnizmkw

A]q¿Æ-am-Wv. C—m-i-‡n-sIm≠v Hcp ]m]n InkvXp-

hn¬ ZrV-hn-izmkw (B-ibw, hnizmkw, Bew_w,

hnizm-kobX) A¿∏n-°p∂p. InkvXp-hns‚ sNmcn-

b-s∏´ c‡-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂p. InkvXp-hnepw

Ahs‚ Ipcn-inepw c£-bv°mbn Bi-bn-°p-∂p.

Bflm-hns‚ \nXy-amb hn[n tbip-In-kvXp-hnepw

Ahs‚ Iqinse ]q¿W-amb the-bnepw ka¿∏n-

°p-hm-\p≈ Xocp-am\w Dƒs∏- -Xm-Wp c£n-°p∂

hnizm-k-Øns‚ kz`m-hw. bYm¿∞ hnizm-k-Øn¬

a\- v, hnIm-c-ßƒ, C— Ch-sb√mw AXn-s‚-Xmb

]¶p≠v (C-h-bp-sS-sb√mw ]h¿Ø\w Htc ka-b-

ØmWv \S-°p-∂-Xv) apI-fn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ hm°p-

I-fm¬, c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-Øns‚ \n¿h-N\w icn-

bmbn ]Tn-°p-hm≥ Ignbpw (D-≈-S°w, ZrVw,

hnizmkw, ka¿∏-Ww).

a. c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw: D≈-S°w

Cu `mKsØ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ ""hniz-kn-°p∂

sX√mw'' F∂p hnfn°mw. Hcp hy‡n tbip-In-kvXp-

hns\ Kpcp-hmtbm, AYhm Hcp aX-]-c-amb t\Xmhp

amX-amtbm hniz-kn-®m¬ AXv c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-

a√. ImcWw Ah≥ ""ss__n-fnse InkvXp--hns\''

A√ hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xv. Xßƒ InkvXp-hm-sW∂v Ah-

Im-i-s∏- -h¿ apºp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n- p-≠v. Ct∏m-gp≠v, C\n

D≠m-Ip-hm\pw CS-bp-≠v. \tk-Ønse tbip-hn-s\-

°p -dn®v henb A‘-hn -izm -k-ßfpw CXp -

Iq-Sm-sX-bp-≠v. F∂m¬ c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw _p≤n-

]-c-amb hnizm-k-sØ-°mƒ D]-cn-bm-Wv. ssZh-h-N-\-

Øn¬ hy‡-amb ImWp∂ Imcyw c£n-°p∂ hnizm-

k-Øn\p _p≤n-]-c-amb LS-I-ßƒ Ds≠∂p Xs∂-

bm-Wv. c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-Øn\v Hcp D≈-S°w D≠v.

Hcp ]m]n k¶o¿Æ-amb D]-tZiLS\ Adn-tb≠

Bh-iy-an√. Ah≥ Iqin-°-s∏´ InkvXp-hn-s\-°p-

dn-®p-ff ASn-ÿm\kXy-ßƒ Adn-™m¬ aXn.

X∑qew Ah\p Xs‚ `mh-\-bn-ep-≈tXm a‰p-≈-h¿

DuXn -ho¿∏n -®tXm Bb InkvXp -hn -s\-b√,

]ns∂tbm ss__nƒ shfn-s∏-Sp∂ InkvXp-hns\

hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ Ignbpw. ""AXv hniz-kn-°pI'' F∂

hmIy-Øn¬ \n∂p c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-Øns‚ _p≤n-

]-c-amb D-≈-S°w \n¿Æ-bn-°mw. hniz-kn°pI

(pistuo) F∂-Xn-s\Øp-S¿∂v AXv(hoti) F∂

]tbmKw Ko°n¬ 20 ]mhiyw ImWmw. Cu ]Z-L-

S\ Nq≠n-°m- p-∂Xv InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xn\p

_p≤n-]-c-ambn kXy-ßƒ Kln-t°-≠Xv Bh-iy-sa-

∂mWv.

""InkvXp \ΩpsS ]m]-ßƒ°p-th≠n Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-

I-fn≥]Imcw acn®p AS-°-s∏- p, Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-I-fn≥

]Imcw aq∂mw-\mƒ Db¿sØ-gp-t∂‰p'' (1 sImcn. 15:

3˛4; cf tdma. 10:9, 10; 1 sX . 4:14) F∂-Xm-Wv ]m]n

hniz-kn-t°-≠-Xv. ""tbip-InkvXp ssZh-]p-X-s\∂v''

Hcp ]m]n Xo¿®-bmbpw hniz-kn-°Ww (tbm-l. 20:

30˛31; cf tbml. 8:24; 11:27) tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚

ssZhXzw AwKo-I-cn-°p∂ A¿∞Øn¬ tbip-

hns\ I¿Øm-hmbn AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂Xpw CXn¬ AS-

ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p (tdm-a. 10:9). tbip-InkvXp ssZh-

Øm¬ Ab-bv°-s∏-´-h-\mbn ]m]n hniz-kn-°Ww

(tbm-l. 11:42; 16:27; 17:8, 21; 1 tbml. 2:22);

B tbip-InkvXp kzbw a\p-jy-\mbnØo¿∂ ssZh

]pX-\m-sW-∂pw hniz-kn-°-Ww ( 1 tbml. 4:2˛3).

InkvXp-hn¬ c£ Is≠-Øp-hm≥ hcp∂Xn¬ Hcmƒ

]m]n-bm-sW∂pw Ah\p klmbw Bh-iy-am-sW-∂p-

ap≈ hnizmkw Xo¿®-bmbpw AS-ßn-bn- p-≠v.

D]-tZ-i-ß-sf√mw Xs∂ c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-Øns‚

_p≤n-]-c-amb D≈-S-°-am-Wv. c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw

D≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa-¶n¬, Hcmƒ tbip-InkvXp ssZh-

]p-X-\m-sW∂pw (ssZ-h-Xzw) I¿Øm-hm-sW∂pw

ssZh-Øm¬ Ab-°-s∏´ ain-lm-bm-sW∂pw hniz-

kn-°Ww. ]pX-\mb ssZhw a\p-jy-P-U-sa-Sp-

sØ∂pw, \ΩpsS ]m]-ßƒ°p-th≠n acn-s®-∂pw,

Aßs\ Ct∏mƒ Db¿sØ-gp-t∂‰ c£n-Xm-hm-

sW∂pw Abmƒ Xo¿®-bmbpw hniz-kn-°-Ww. Hcmƒ

InkvXym-\n-bm-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw ssZh-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p-

∂p-sh∂v Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-tºmƒØs∂ tbip -In-

kvXp-hns‚ ssZh-Xztam ]p\-cp-∞m-\tam \ntj-


151

[n®m¬, H∂p-In¬ Ah≥ \pW- ]-d-bp∂p As√-¶n¬

Ah≥ ITn-\-ambn h©n-°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p.

tbip -InkvXp ssZh-am-sW∂v c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw

AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂Xv i≤n-°p-I. AXp-sIm≠v tbip-

InkvXp I¿Øm-hp-am-Wv. Ah-\p-th≠n Pohn-°p-

hm≥ ka¿∏n-°p-∂Xpw CXpw H∂p Xs∂-b√.

F∂m¬ bP-am-\≥ F∂ \ne-bn¬ Iev]n-°p-hm-\p≈

A[n-Imcw tbip-InkvXphn\v Ds≠-∂p≈ Imcyw

AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂XmWXv.

b. c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw: AXns‚ Dd∏pw (Zr-V

-hn-izmkw), ka¿∏-Whpw

c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-Øn\v AXn-t‚-Xmb _p≤n-]-c-

amb D≈-S-°-ap-≠v. F∂n-cp-∂mepw, a‰p-≈-h-tcmSp

km£n-°p -tºmƒ, Hcp InkvXym\n tbip -

InkvXphn¬ hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ Ahn-izm-kn-tbmSp ]d-

bp-tºmƒ kXyw ]d-bp-∂-Xm-sWt∂m, As√-¶n¬

tbip-InkvXphns\-°p-dn-®p≈ Nne-k-Xy-ßƒ ]q¿Æ-

a-\-t msS AwKo-I-cn-°p-hmt\m A√ ]d-bp-∂-Xv.

tbip-In-kvXp-hn¬ Hcp Ahn-izmkn hniz-kn-°-W-

sa∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv, Ah≥ Xs‚

Bfl-hn-izmkw, Bibw, Bew_w XpS-ßn-bh

tbip-In-kvXp-hnepw Ahs‚ Iqinepw hbv°-W-sa-

∂m-Wv.

temI-]-c-amb Imcy-ß-fn¬ Hcp hy‡n°p Xs‚

Bflm-hns\ as‰m-cmƒ°v ka¿∏n-°msX B hy‡n-

bn¬ Dd-®p-hn-iz-kn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. F∂m¬ Bflm-

hns‚ \nXy-amb hn[n InkvXp-hn-\mbn ka¿∏n-

°p-∂-Xn-eqsS InkvXp-hn¬ Dd® hnizmkw hbv°p-

∂-Xm-Wv c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-Øns‚ kz`mhw. amX-

a-√, Bfl-k-a¿∏-Whpw c£n-°p∂ hnizm-khpw

XΩn¬ th¿Xn-cn-°m\m-hn√. Hcp hy‡n At∏m-kvX-

enI hnizm-k-]-amWw Dcp-hn-Sp-Ibpw hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-tºmƒ Xs∂ InkvXp-hn¬ hy‡n-]-c-ambn Dd®

hnizm-k-an-√m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw Xs‚ Bflm-hns‚

kwc£Ww InkvXp-hn\p ssIam-dm-sXbpw Ccp-

∂m¬ c£- kw- -hn-°p-∂n√.

Hcmƒ°v Fßs\ Adnbmw _p≤n-]-c-amb hnizmkw

amX-a√ c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-sa∂v? Bfl-hn-izm-

khpw ka¿∏-Whpw tN¿∂-Xm-Wv. c£n-°p∂ hnizm-

k-sa∂v Hcmƒ°v Fßs\ Adnbmw? Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂

Imcy-ßƒ hnizm-k-Øns‚ Ko°v hm°n\v Hcp-Iq´w

A¿∞-ßƒ Ds≠∂pw ]tXy-In®v Dd-®- hn-izmkw

Bibw, Bew_w XpS-ßn-b-h-bm-sW∂pw ÿm]n-

°p∂p. amX-a√, ]pXnb \nba Fgp-Øp-Im¿ c£n-

°p∂ hnizm-k-sa∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ e£y-am-°n-bXv

Cu ]tXyI A¿∞-am-sW∂pw ImWn-°p-∂p.

(1) ""hnizmkw'' hniz-kn-°pI F∂n-h-bv°p≈ ]pXn-

b-\n-ba hm°n\p (Pistuo --Inb, pistis -\maw) Dd®-

hn-izm-kw, Bi-bw, F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ ]tXyI

A¿∞-ß-fp-≠v.

apºv I≠ `mKØv hnizm-k-Øn-\p≈ F_m-b-hm°v

Bam≥ A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv Bi-bw, Dd-®-hn-izm-kw,

Bew_w XpS-ßn-b-h-bm-sW∂p sXfn-™-Xm-W-t√m.

sk]v‰zPn‚n¬ hnizmkn-°pI F∂p-≈-Xn\v ]pXnb

\nb-a -Inb D]-tbm-Kn-®-t∏mƒ (k-Zr. 26:25- ¬ HgnsI)

F√m mKØpw Aam≥ F∂p-≈-Xns‚ ]cn- m-j-bmWv

D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXp-sIm≠v ]pXnb \nba

Fgp-Øp-Im-cpsS Nn¥m-KXn ]nÃyqthm IpSpw-_-Øn-

\p-ff ]tXyI A¿∞-t -Z-sa-∂p≈Xv Bi-b-am-sW-

∂m-Wv.

]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ \n∂p Xs∂ CXns‚ kqN-\-

bp≠v ImcWw hniz-kn-°pI F∂-Xns‚ Ko°p

hm°ns‚ ]cn- mj ""ka¿∏n-°pI'' F∂ \ne-bn¬

Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂ thZ- m-K-ß-fn¬ \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-

sIm≠v, c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-Øn¬ ka¿∏-Whpw AS-

ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn°mWmw(tbml. 2:24; eqt°m. 16:11

(I¿Ø-cn -]-tbm-Kw) tdma. 3:2; 1 sImcn. 9:17; Kem-

Xy¿ 2:7; 1 Xnsam. 1:11, XotØm. 1:3 (I¿Ωn-Wn -]-tbm-

Kw) 1 sX . 2:4˛¬ ImWp-∂Xpw CtX A¿∞-am-Wv.

""AhnsS c-ta-ev]n-°pI'' F∂mWv ]cn- m-j-s∏-Sp-Øn-

bn-cn-°p-∂Xv. hniz-kn-°pI F∂p-≈Xv Cß-s\-bp≈

]›m-Ø-e-ß-fn¬ `c-ta-ev]n-°pI F∂mWv.

AXp-sIm≠v ]nÃpthm (Pistuo) AYhm hniz-kn-

°pI F∂p-≈-Xns‚ ]g-b-\n-ba ]pXn-b-\n-ba D]-

tbm-K-ßƒ Cu ]tbm-K-Øns‚ ]mY-anI A¿∞-

ßƒ Bi-bn-°pI, `c-ta-ev]n°p-I F∂n-h-bm-

sW∂p ÿm]n-°p-∂p. AXm-b-Xv, Dd-®p-hn-iz-kn-

°pI F∂-Xn-\p≈ ]tXyI A¿∞w hniz-kn-°pI

F∂p-≈-Xn\p km≤y-X-bp-s≠-∂p≈ A¿∞w amX-

a√ \¬Ip-∂Xv. c£-tbm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ Fgp-Øp-

Im¿ e£y-am-°nb ]tXyIw A¿∞w-X-s∂-bm-Wv.

(2) InkvXp-hns\ hniz-kn-°p-hm-\√ InkvXp-hn¬

hniz-kn-°p-hm-\mWv Iev]\. CXv Dd® hnizm-k-

sØbpw Bi-b-sØbpw ImWn-°p-∂p.

""hniz-kn-°pI''(Pistuo) F∂ Ko°v hm°v km[m-c-

W-bmbn Hcp KXn-tbm-Sp-Iq-sS-bmWv ImWp-∂Xv. Cu

KXn-I-sf-°p-dn®v _n. _n. hm¿^n¬Uv ]d-bp∂p,

""hmN-I-L-S-\-I-tfm-Sp-IqsS KXn-Iƒ tN¿°p-tºmƒ

hm°ns‚ Bg-Øn-ep-ff A¿∞-Øn-te°v \mw ]th-

in-°p-I-bmWv. Aßs\ Dd-∏v, Bi-bw, Bew_w


152

XpS -ßnbhbpsS ]q¿Æ-amb A¿∞-Øn¬

FØp∂p'' 43

c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v tbip-InkvXp ]d-bp-∂Xp kXy-

am-sW∂v hniz-kn-°p-I-b-√, Ah-\n¬, Ah-s‚-

ta¬, Ahs\ hniz-kn-°pI F∂-Xm-Wv c£-bv°m-

h-iy-sa∂p hm¿^n¬Uns‚ \nK-a-\-Øn¬ \n∂p a\-

n-em-°p∂ kXyw. ""Rm≥ B cmjvSob ]h¿Ø-

Is\ hniz-kn-°p∂p'' F∂p≈ ]kvXm-h-\-bpsS

A¿∞w ""Abmƒ kXy-amWv ]d-bp-∂-sX∂p Rm≥

hniz-kn-°p-∂p,'' AXm-bXv \pW-b√ ]d-bp-∂-sX-∂m-

Wv. F∂m¬ ""Rm≥ B cmjvSob ]h¿Ø-I-\n¬''

hniz-kn-°p-∂p F∂p ]d-™m¬, Abmƒ kXy-amWv

]d-bp-∂-sX∂p amX-a√ Abm-fpsS Bi-b-ß-fnepw

hy‡n-]-c-am-bp≈ t\Xr-Xz-Ønepw F\n°v Bfl-hn-

izmkw Ds≠-∂m-Wv. tbip-hns\ hniz-kn-°p-∂Xpw

tbip-hn¬ hn-iz-kn-°p-∂Xpw XΩn¬ henb hyXym-

k-ap-≠v. c≠m-asØ mKsØ Bi-bhpw Dd®v hnizm-

khpw sh-fn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-≠v. ""..C¬ hnizmkw (Pistuowith eis) F∂ Bibw atXXc Ko°n¬

C√m-sb-∂-XmWv kXyw. F∂m¬ hniz-kn-°pI

F∂-Xns\ XpS¿∂v "C¬' (Eis) F∂p≈ KXn hcp-

tºmƒ, hnizm-k-Øns‚ tlXphpw e£yhpw Nq≠n-

°m-Wn-°p-∂p. 49 ]mhiyw Cu \ne-bn¬ ]pXn-b-

\n-b-a-Øn¬ ImWmw. ]pXnb \nba Fgp-Øp-Im¿ Cu

hyXymkw Dt±-in-®n-cp-∂p. Ah¿ a\-]q¿∆-ambn tbip-

In-kvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°phm-\m-Wv Blzm\w sNbvX-

Xv. A√msX Ah-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ hkvXp-X-Iƒ amXw

hniz-kn-°p-hm-\-√.

hnizm-ksØØpS¿∂v C¬ (Pistuo with eis)hcp∂

49 ]mh-iy-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp∂ thZ- m-K-ßƒ tbml.

1:12, 3:16; 18, 36; 6:29, 40; 11:25˛26; 14:1, 12; 16:9, 17:20;

tdma. 10:14; Kem. 2:16; 1 ]sXm. 1:8; 1 tbml. 5:13.

hnizm-ksØ XpS¿∂v "ta¬' (Pistuo with epi 5

]mhiyw Inb-tbmsS Bsc F∂ tNmZy-Øn-\p-Ø-

c-ambn hcp∂ I¿Ω-]-Z-Øns‚ hn`-‡nbpw, 7

]mhiyw ZznXob hn -‡n-bnepw hcp-∂p) F∂ \ne-

bn¬ tdma. 4: 5, 24 At∏m-kvX-e-]-hrØn 9:42, 11:1;

16:31; 22:19; XpS-ßnb thZ-`m-K-ß-fn¬ ImWmw.

hnizsØØpS¿∂v C¬ (Pistuo witheen)F∂

A¿∞w hcp∂ Ko°v hm°v ]cn-K-Wn-°p∂ Isø-

gpØv ]Xn-°-\p-k-cn®v H∂n\pw aq∂n-\p-an-S-bn¬ -]m-

hiyw hcp∂p. ]nÃyq-thm-tbm-sSm∏w D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp∂

hnhn[ "KXn-Iƒ' sIm≠v A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv, ]pXn-b-

\n-ba Fgp-Øp-Im¿ c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\p tbip-In-

kvXp-hn¬ Dd-®p hn-iz-kn-°p-∂-Xn\pw Bi-bn-°p-

∂-Xn\pw AXm-bXv hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-amWv D’m-

ln-∏n-°p-∂-Xv (ap-I-fn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ KXn-Iƒ D]-

tbm-Kn®v 63 \pw 65 \pw CS-bn¬ thZ- m-K-ß-fp-≠v,

hnizm-ksØØpS¿∂v AXv (Pistuo with hoti) F∂v

D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂ 26 thZ- m-K-ß-fp-≠v. hnizm-k-sØ-

Øp-S¿∂v I¿Ω-]-Z-Øns‚ hn`‡n hcp∂ 45 thZ- m-

K-ß-fp-≠v. ]q¿Æ-ambpw 93 ]mhiyw Pistuo D]-tbm-

Kn-®n-´p≠v

(3) Hcp Hgnhm°¬]Inb aqeap≈ Dd-∏p≈ (B-

ibw) hnizm-k-amWp c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw

Hcp Hgn -hm-°¬]Inb hgn B c£n-°p∂

hnizmkw ÿm]n-°p-hm≥ Hcp hy‡-amb hgn Dd®

hnizm-k-am-Wv(tb-ip-hn-t\m-Sp≈ Hcp Bflm-hns‚

ka¿∏Ww hgn ]I-S-am-°p-∂p). CXv Hgn-hm-°¬ hgn-

bmWv \S-°p-∂Xv. c£n-°-s∏-Sphm≥ _p≤n-]-chpw

hnIm-c]-c-hp-amb hnizmkw aXn-bm-b-X-s√∂p ]pXnb

\nbaw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂- Imcyw \mw ap≥]p-Xs∂ I≠-

t√m. hnIm-c-]-chpw _p≤n-]-c-hp-amb hnizm-k-Øns‚

A¿∞-t`Z-ßƒ Hgn-hm-°p-tºmƒ, ]pXnb \nba Fgp-

Øp-Im¿ c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-sØ-°p-dn®v ]d-bp-

tºmƒ CXn¬ D]-cn-bmb Imcy-ßƒ°mWv ]m[m\yw

\¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. c£ -t\-Sp-∂-Xn-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-

Øn¬ Ah¿ ]nÃyqthm ]Z-Ip-Spw_w D]-tbm-Kn-°p-

tºmƒ Ah-cpsS a\- n¬ Bibw, AYhm Dd®

hnizmkw F∂ Bibw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

(4) c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw Dd-∏p≈(Trust) hnizm-k-

Øn\p Xpey-am-sW∂p kam-¥c hmIy-ßƒ ImWn-

°p-∂p.

c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw F∂v ss__nƒ A¿∞-am-°p-

∂X,v Dd® hnizmkw (B-i-bw) BsW∂p a\- n-

em-Ip-hm-\p≈ as‰m-cp-hn[w tbip-hn¬ hniz-kn-°pI

F∂ A¿∞w hcp∂ kam-¥c thZ- m-K-ßƒ ]cn-

tim-[n-°p-I-bmWv. Aß-s\-bp≈ thZ-`m-K-ßƒ

Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂Xv hnizm-khpw ka¿∏-Whpw

F∂p -]-d-™m¬ shdpw _p≤n-]-c-amb hnizmkw

A√m-sb-∂mWv (AXv \nco-iz-c-hm-Z-Øns‚ hn]-coXw

amX-am-Wv). InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂Xv, B Znhkw

hsc kq£n-°p∂ D]-\n -[n -tbmS v (H -cp -hs‚

Bflmhpw Dƒs∏- n-cn-°p-∂p) ]cym-b-amWv (2 Xnsam.

1:12). ic-W-Øn-\mbn HmSn-h-∂h¿°v e`n-°p∂ kwc-

£-W-amWv (F-_m. 6:18). ssZh-Øns‚ ASp-°-te-

°p≈ hc-hmWv (F-_m. 11:6). Ahs\ ssIs°m-

≈p-∂-XmWv (tbm-l. 1:12). tbml. 3:14 -- ¬ ImWp-∂-

Xp-t]mse, bnkm-tb¬ Xma-k¿∏sØ t\m°n-b-


43 Benjamin B. Warfield, Biblical and Theological studies, ed.Samuel G. Craig, reprint ed. (Philadelphia: The Presbyterianand Reformed publishing co., 1968) 437

153

Xpt]mse hnSp-X-en-\mbn tbip-hn-¶-te-°p≈ t\m -

am-Wv. tbml. 4, 6 A≤ym-b-ß-fn¬ ImWp-∂-Xp-

t]mse, Ahs\ `£n-°p-Ibpw ]m\w sNøp-I-bp-

amWv. Cu hmIy-ß-fn¬ \ns∂√mw hy‡-am-°p∂

Imcyw, _p≤n-]-c-ambn hnizm-k-]-amWw AwKo-I-cn-

°p-∂-X[n-I-am-Wv c£n-°p∂ hnizm-ksa∂mWv. Ch-

sb√mw Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂Xv Iqinse thesb

hy‡n-]-c-ambn AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®m-Wv.

]tXy-In®v `£n-°p-I, ]m\w sNøpI F∂nh CXv

hy‡-am-°p-∂p. amX-a√ Dd® hnizm-k-Øns‚ Hcp

hy‡n-]-c-amb _‘-amWv, hnSp-X-en\pw kwc-£-W-

Øn-\p-ambn kzb-ambn InkvXp-hn-¶-te°p c-ta¬∏n-

°p-∂p(A-h-¶-te°p HmSp, t\m°p-I, hcn-I). AXp-

sIm≠v c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-Øns‚ A¿∞-Øn-e-S-

ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv Hcp hy‡n-bpsS Bflm-hns‚ `mhn

InkvXphn\mbn ka¿∏n-°p-∂-Xn-eqsS shfn-s∏-Sp-

Øp∂ InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hy‡n-]-c-amb Dd® hnizm-

k-amWv.

(5) InkvXp-hns‚ hy‡n-Xz-Øn-ep≈ Dd∏mWv(Trust)Ahs‚ \ma-Øn-ep≈ hnizmkw.

Dd® hnizmkw, AYhm Bibw c£n-°p∂ hnizm-

k-Øn\v Bh-iy-am-sW-∂p-≈-Xns‚ Ah-km-\-sØ-

°m-cWw ""Ahs‚ \ma-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°pI'' F∂

Blzm-\-Øn-emWv AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv ( tbml. 1:

12; 3:18; 1 tbml. 3:23; 5:13) tbip F∂p t]cp≈ Hcp

a\p-jy≥ Pohn-®n-cp-∂p-sh∂p _p≤n-]-c-ambn hniz-

kn-°p∂ B¿°pw c£ e`n-°p-sa∂v Cu hmIy-ßƒ

]Tn-∏n-°p-∂pt≠m? Aß-s\-bp≈ hymJym\w A¿∞-

c-ln-X-amWv. InkvXp-hns‚ hy‡n-Xz-Øn¬ Dd®

hnizm-khpw Bi-b-hp-amWv Cu hmIy-ß-fpsS ASn-

ÿm-\-Øn¬ hnizmkw A¿∞-am-°p-∂-Xv, tbip-

InkvXp F∂ hy‡n D≠m-bn-cp∂p F∂p≈

hnizmkw c£n-°p-∂n-√.

4. hniz-kn-°pI, Bi-bn-°p-I, hnizmkw ]mtbm-

Kn-I-am-°pI Ch-bpsS kwKlw

a\ v, hnIm-c-ßƒ, C—m-i‡n Ch c£n-°p∂ hnizm-

k-Øn¬ Dƒs∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. ]m]n Xs‚ a\- p-sIm≠v

tbip-InkvXp ssZh-]p-X-\m-sW∂pw I¿Øm-hm-

sW∂pw (A-Xm-bXv ssZhw) hniz-kn-°p-∂p. Cu

ssZh-]p-X≥ a\pjyP-U-Øn¬ ssZh-Øm¬ Ab-bv-

s∏´ ain-l-bm-sW∂pw Ah≥ \ΩpsS ]m]-ßƒ°p-

th≠n acn-s®∂pw Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-s‰∂pw hniz-kn-

°p-∂p. c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-Øns‚ D≈-S-°-sa∂

\ne-bn¬ Cu kXy-ßƒ A\n-hm-cy-am-Wv. Fß-s\-

bm-bmepw InkvXp-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ Nne ASn-ÿm\

kXy-ßƒ _p≤n-]-c-ambn hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ

D]-cn-bmWv c£n-°p∂ hnizm-kw. Hcp hy‡n Cu

hkvXp-X-Iƒ kXy-am-sW∂p hniz-kn-°pI amX-a√,

AwKo-Im-c-tbm-Ky-am-sW-∂pw, ImenI ]k-‡n-bp-≈-

sX∂pw, hy‡n-]-c-ambn Bh-iy-ap-≈-sX∂pw, hnIm-

c-]-c-ambn AwKo-I-cn-°p∂p.

_p≤n-]-c-ambn tbip-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ hkvXp-X-Isf

hne-bn-cp-Øp-Ibpw hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p.

hnImc-]-c-ambn Cu hkvXp-X-Iƒ c£n-°p∂ hnizm-

k-Øn\v Bh-iy-am-sW∂p hniz-kn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬

Ch amXw t]mcm kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ Blzm\w

tbipIn-kvXp-hn\v klm-bn-°m≥ Ign-bp-sat∂m

tbip-In-kvXp-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ hkvXp-X-Iƒ hniz-kn-

°-W-sat∂m A√. F∂m¬ tbip-hn¬ hniz-kn-

°pI AXm-bXv hy‡n-]-c-ambn Ah-\n¬ Bi-bn-

°pI F∂-Xm-Wv.

c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv Hcp hy‡n

Xs‚ Bflm-hns‚ \nXy-amb hn[n InkvXp-hn\pw

Ahs‚ Iqin-epw, ka¿∏n-°p-tºm-gmWv. AXm-bXv

C—m-i-‡n-bpsS ]h¿Ø-\-^-e-ambn Hcp hy‡n

I¿Øm-hmb tbip-hnepw Ahs‚ Iqinse \nh¿-

Øn-°-s∏´ the-bnepw Bi-bn-°p-hm≥ Xocp-am-\n-

°p-∂p.

ac-W-I-c-amb tcmK-ap≈ Hcp a\p-jy≥, Nne acp-∂p-

Iƒ Xs∂ c£n-°p-hm≥ ]cym-]vX-am-sW∂p _p≤n-

]-c-ambn hniz-kn-t®°mw. Ah≥ hnIm-c-]-c-ambn Xs‚

tcmK-ßƒ°v Cu acp∂v aXn-bm-b-Xm-sW∂p hniz-

knt®°mw F∂m¬ Ft∏m-gmtWm Cu acp-∂n¬

Bi-bn-°p-hm≥ Xocp-am-\n-°p-∂Xv, hy‡n-]-c-ambn

Ft∏m-gmtWm acp∂v D]-tbm-Kn®v acp-∂n¬ Xs‚ Dd®

hnizmkw ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂Xv At∏m-gmWv tcmK-im¥n

e`n-°p-∂-Xv. c£ kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv Hcp hy‡n

InkvXp-hns‚ Iqin¬ Bi-bn-®p-sIm≠v (-D-d®

hnizmkw Bew_w, Bi-bw, hnizmkw) hy‡n-]-c-

ambn AXns‚ ]tbm-P-\-ßƒ A\p-`-hn-°-Ø°

hnizmkw D≠m-Ip-tºm-gm-Wv.

c£-bv°p≈ GI hyhÿ ss__n-fnse InkvXp-

hns\ c£-I-\mbn AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. c£-bpsS

Cu GIhyh-ÿsb \oXn-]q¿∆-ambn Adn-bn-°p-

tºmƒ, H∂p-In¬ hnizm-k-Øns‚ ]cym-b]-Z-ßtfm

As√-¶n¬ hnizm-k-Øns‚ Hcp ]tXy-I-h-itam

Dƒs°m-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. hnizmkw amX-amWv c£-

bv°p≈ GI hyhÿsb∂v AwKo-I-cn-°mØ F√m

Bi-b-ßfpw ssien-Ifpw sX‰m-Wv.


154

C. am\-km-¥cw c£-bpsS Hcp hyh-ÿsb∂

\nebn¬

1. am\-km-¥cw F∂ ]ZØns‚ A¿∞w

am\-km-¥cw(metanoeo) F∂ Inb 35 ]mhiyw

]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p≠v. AXp-t]mse

am\-km-¥-c-Øns‚ \ma-cq]w(metanoya) 22 ]mh-iyw-

Im -Wmw. eqt°m-kns‚ kphn -tijw At∏m.

]hrØn, shfn-∏mSv XpSßnb ]pkvX-I-ß-fn¬

XpS¿am-\-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. am\-km-¥cw

F∂p tIƒ°p-tºmƒ At\-Icpw Nn¥n-°p-∂Xv sX‰n-

t∏mbn F∂p≈ t_m[tam Ip‰-t_m-[tam F∂m-Wv.

am\-km-¥-c-Øns‚ ]cym-b-a√ tJZn°p∂p F∂p≈

Ah-ÿ-sb∂p At\Iw ]cn-K-W-\-Iƒ ImWn-°p-∂p.

BZy-ambn Cu hm°v c≠p hm°p-I-fpsS k¶-c-am-

Wv. sa‰m A¿∞w cq]m-¥cw kw -hn-°p-∂Xv (sa-s‰-

tam¿^-knkv ˛ ]pgp ie-`-am-Ip∂Xpt]m-se-bp≈

cq]m-¥-c-]m-]vXn) IqsS t\mbntbm A¿∞w a\ v

[mcW i_vtZm-Xv]Øn imkvX-a-\p-k-cn®v a\- n-\p-

≠m-Ip∂ am‰w F∂m-Wv. ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬ ImWp∂

DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ Cu \n¿h-N-\sØ km[q-I-cn-°p-∂p.

F∂m¬ ZpxJw am\-km-¥-c-ap-f-hm-Ip-hm≥ Imc-W-

amImw. am\-km-¥-csØ t]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-hm≥ ZpJ-

Øn\p Ign-bpw. 2 sImcn. 9- 10, F_m. 12:17 A\p-k-

cn®v am\-km-¥-chpw ZpxJhpw H∂-√. 2 sImcn. 7:9˛10

]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv ZpxJw km[m-c-W-bmbn am\-km-¥-c-

Øn-te°v \bn-°p-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv. ZpxJhpw am\-km-¥-

chpw H∂√ F∂p≈ \nK-a-\-Øn¬ Hcmƒ FØWw.

F_m. 12:17 IqSp-X¬ hy‡-am-Wv. Gimhv Xs‚ P∑m-

h-Imiw hn‰-Xn-s\-tbm¿Øv IÆp-\o-tcmsS ZpxJn-°p-

∂p. F∂n-cp-∂mepw Hcp ]mXw ]b-dp-]m-b-k-Øn\p

th≠n Xs‚ P∑m-h-Imiw hn‰-Xn¬ Ah\p am\-km-

¥-c-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂n√ (D-ev]. 25:34). Gim-hns‚

Imcy-Øn¬ ZpxJ-ap-s≠-∂p-≈Xp (AXv Ah-\p-≠m-

bn-cp-∂p) amX-a√ am\-km-¥cw. ]ns∂tbm Xm≥ \S-

Ønb hnev]-\-tbmSp _‘-s∏- n- p≈ a\w-am-‰-am-bn-

cp∂p Bhiyw (AXv Ah-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√). ""tJZw

tXm∂pI'' ""Ip‰-t_m[w D≠m-IpI'' CsXm-∂p-a√

am\-km-¥-cw. am\-km-¥-c-sa∂p ]d-™m¬ "a\-kn-

\p-≠m-Ip∂ am‰w' BWv.

\ncm-I-c-W-tØmSpw ]gb ÿm\Øp \n∂p≈ am‰-

tØmSpw _‘-s∏ v ss__n-fn¬ At\Iw ]mhiyw

am\-km-¥cw D]-tbm -Kn -®n -´p -≠v. At∏m.

-]-h. 3:19 ¬ ""am\-km-¥-c-s∏ v Xncn-™p-sImƒhn≥''

F∂p ImWp-∂p. At∏m. 26:20 ImWp-∂Xv am\-km-

¥-c-s∏´p ssZh-Øn¶-te-°p- Xn-cn™p'' F∂mWv.

(F_m. 6:1 IqsS At∏m.-]-hr. 8:22 Dw Im-Wp-I).

AXp-sIm≠v GsX-¶nepw H∂n¬ \n∂p as‰m-∂n-

te°p Xncn-bpI F∂ Bi-b-amWv am\-km-¥-c-Øn-

epƒs∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CXn¬ a\- ns‚ am‰w A-S-ßn-

bn- p-≠v. ImcWw ]gb hnizm-ktam Bi-btam \ntj-

[n-°msX Hcmƒ°v ZpxJtam Ip‰-t_m-[tam Hs°

tXm∂mw. Hcmƒ Xs‚ Hcm-i-b-sØ-°p-dnt®m kz`m-

hsØ Hm¿tØm am\-km-¥-c-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ, Ah\v B

kz`m-hsØ Hm¿Øv ZpxJw tXm∂pI amX-a√, B

Imcy-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ Ahs‚ a\- n-\p-≠m-

Ip∂ am‰-Øn-\mWv am\-km-¥cw ]m[m-\yw -sIm-Sp-

°p-∂-Xv.

CXp-hsc am\-km-¥-csØ \n¿h-Nn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p.

ASp-Ø-Xmbn am\-km-¥cw Bh-iy-amtWm A√tbm

F∂p ss__nƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂pt≠m F∂mWv Nn¥n-

°p-∂-Xv.

2. c£bv°v am\-km-¥cw Hcp Bh-iy-L-S-Isa∂

\nebn¬

hnizmkw amXw F∂ Bi-b-tØmSp s]mcp-Ø-s∏-

Sp∂ \ne-bn¬ \n¿h-Nn-°p-∂n--StØmfw c£-bv°p≈

\oXn-]q¿∆-I-amb Hcp hyh-ÿ-bmbn am\-km-¥-csØ

ImWmw. XpS¿∂p≈ thZ- m-K-ßƒ CXv sh-fn-s∏-Sp-

Øp-∂p. eqt°m. 15:7, 10; At∏m. ]hr. 2:38; 3:19, 17:

30; 26:20 (am-\-km-¥cs∏SpI F∂ Inb). eqt°m.

15:7; 24:47; At∏m. ]h. 11:18; 20:21; 26:20; tdma. 2:4; 2

]tXm. 3:9 (am-\-km-¥cw F∂ \maw). 44

F∂m¬ Adn-bm-bva-bpsS Ime-ßsf ssZhw

e£y-am-°msX Ct∏mƒ F√m-bn-SØpw F√m-

hcpw am\-km-¥-c-s∏-S-W-sa∂v a\p-jy-t\mSv

Iev]n-°p-∂p (A-t∏m. ]h. 17:30)-.

InkvXp IjvSw A\p- -hn-°p-Ibpw aq∂mw-\mƒ

acn-®-h-cn¬ \n∂v Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev°p-Ibpw

Ah≥ \ma-Øn¬ am\-km-¥-chpw ]m]-tam-N-

\hpw sbcp-i-te-an¬ XpSßn kIe PmXn-I-fnepw

]kw-Kn-°p-Ibpw thWw F∂n-ßs\ Fgp-Xn-bn-

cn-°p∂p (eq-t°m. 24:46˛47).

Nne¿ Xmakw F∂p hnNm-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse

I¿Ømhp Xs‚ hmKvZØw \nh¿Øn-∏m≥ Xma-

kn-°p-∂n-√. Bcpw \in-®p-t]m-ImsX F√m-hcpw

am\-km¥cs∏-Sp-hm≥ Ah≥ C—n®p \nß-tfmSp


44 Cu `mKØv am\-km-¥-c-Øn-te-°p≈ thZ-`m-K-ßƒDƒs∏-SpØnbn´n-√. Ahs‚ hnfn-bn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂XvInkvXp `mhn-bn¬ Hcp-°n-bn-cn-°p∂ c£-bv°p-th≠nBfp-Isf Hcp-°p-∂XmWv. am\-km-¥-c-Øn\pw kv\m\-Øn-\pw-th≠nbp≈ tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-Is‚ hnfn-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ IqSp-X¬ hn-h-c-Øn\p ImWp-I.

155

Zo¿L-£a ImWn-°p-∂-tX-bp≈q ( 2 ]sXm. 3:9).

c£-bn¬ am\-km-¥-c-Øn-\p≈ ]¶v At\Iw tNmZy-

ß-fp-b¿Øp-∂p-≠v. ap≥]m-bn-cn-°p∂ Ah-ÿ-bn¬

\n∂p Xncn-bp-Ibpw a\- n\p am‰w hcp-Øp-I-bp-amWv

am\-km-¥-c-Øn¬ Dƒs∏- n-cn-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬, Hcp c£n-

°-s∏-SmØ hy‡n c£n-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Fs¥ms°

Imcy-ß-fn¬ \n∂mWv Xncn-tb-≠Xv? c£n-°-s∏-Sp-

hm≥ Fs¥ms° kXy-ß-fn-emWv Hcp hy‡n Xs‚

a\- n\p am‰w hcp-tØ-≠Xv?

F√m thZ-`m-KØpw am\-km-¥-c-s∏-Sp-hm-\m-K-ln-

°p∂ hy‡n GsXms° Imcy-ß-fn¬ \n∂p Xncn-b-

W-sa∂p ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv H∂p Xs∂-bt√ At∏m.

]hr. 2:38, 3:19 thZ- m-K-ß-fn¬ ]tXmkv blq-Z-∑m-

tcmSv Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂Xv Ah¿ InkvXphns\ ac-W-

in-£bv°v Gev]n® ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p am\-km-¥-c-

s∏-S-W-sa-∂mWv. AXm-bXv tbip Bcm-sW-∂p-≈ -

Im-cy-Øn¬ Ah-cpsS a\- n\p am‰w hc-Ww. BZy

\q‰m-≠nse blq-Z-∑m¿ sNbvX-Xp-t]mse tbip-In-

kvXp-hns\ ac-W-Øn-t\-ev∏n-°pI F∂p≈ Ip‰-

Øn¬ temI-Ønep≈ F√m-hcpw t\cn´v Dƒs∏-ń-

ń√. AXp-sIm≠v InkvXp-hns‚ Iqip-a-c-W-Øn¬

]s¶-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-t\m-Sp≈ am\-km-¥-c-s∏-SpI AYhm

a\w-am‰w thW-sa-∂Xv F√m-h¿°pw _m[-I-am-b-X√.

F_m. 6:1˛¬ \n¿÷oh]hr-Øn-I-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ am\-

km-¥cw ImWp-∂p. Cu \ne-bn-ep≈ am\-km-¥cw

Bh-iy-am-bn- p-≈Xv c£bv°v ]hrØn Bh-iy-am-

sW∂p ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ aX-ß-fn¬s∏´ Ahn-izm-kn-

Iƒ°m-Wv. ap≥]v \nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-bm-bn-cp-∂ Hcmƒ

\n¿÷o-h-]-hrØnIsf Hm¿Øv am\-km-¥-c-s∏-tS-≠-

Xn-√. hnhn[ Xc-Øn-ep≈ sX‰mb aX-ß-fnepw XXz-

Nn-¥-I-fn-ep-ap≈ hnhn[ ]›m-Øehpw Bi-b-ß-fp-

ap-ff Bfp-Ifpw am\-km-¥-c-s∏-tS-≠-Xm-bn-´p-≠v,

AXm-bXv Ah≥ sX‰mbn hniz-kn-®n-cn-°p∂ Imcy-

ß-fn¬ \n∂v Ah≥ am\-km-¥-c-s∏-SWw At∏m. 20:

21, 1 sX . 1:9 thZ- m-K-ß-fn¬ ImWp-∂Xv Bfp-Iƒ

ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ _-‘Øn¬ a\- n\p am‰w hcp-Ø-

W-sa-∂m-Wv. F√m a\]-cn-h¿Ø-\-ß-fnepw ssZh-

tØmSp _‘-s∏- p≈ a\w am‰w Bh-iy-am-Wv. Aß-

s\-bm-bmepw Hcp ]m]n a\w- Xn-cn-tb≠ ]tXyI

Bi-b-ßƒ XnI®pw hn`n-∂-ß-fm-Wv. Hcp hnK-lm-

cm[n c£n-°-s∏-S-W-sa-¶n¬ ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-

Øn¬ Xs‚ a\- n\p- am‰w hc-Ww. Ah≥ hnK-l-

ßsf hn´p Xncn-bWw (1 sX . 1:9). Hcp kmØm≥

Bcm-[-I\pw \nco-iz-c-hm-Zn°pw bmYm-ÿn-XnI blq-

Z\pw ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ a\w Xncn-bpI

F∂m¬ hnhn[ Bi-b-Øn-em-Wv. c£n-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥

F√m-hcpw InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°Ww. F∂m¬

InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-t°-≠-Xn\p Hgn-hm-t°≠ XS-

-ßfpw sX‰p-≤m-c-W-Ifpw XnI®pw hn`n-∂-am-Wv.

At\Iw thZ- m-K-ß-fn¬ c£bpw am\-km-¥-chpw

Iqń-t®¿Øn-cn-°p∂p. F∂m¬ am\-km-¥cs∏tS≠

hnj-b-ßƒ Xcw Xncn®p ]d-™n- n√ (A-t∏m. ]hr.

11:18; 17:30; 26:20; eqt°m. 24:47; 2 ]tXm. 3:9).

Hcp hy‡n amt‰≠ ]tXyI Bi-b-ßfpw ]h¿Ø-

\-ßfpw hy‡n-I-tfm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ hnhn[ Xc-

Øn-emWv. F∂m¬ bp‡n-bpw, ssZh-h-N-\-Ønse

amXr-I-Ifpw Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂-Xv. F√m cq]m¥cß-

fnepw Hcp Af-hn¬ am\-km-¥cw Dƒs°m-≠n- p-≠v

F∂m-Wv. InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xn\p XS- -

ap-≠m-Ip-∂Xv F¥p Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂mepw, c£n-°-

s∏-SmØ hy‡n Xs‚ a\ v AXn¬ \n∂p amt‰-

≠-XmWv (am-\-km-¥-c-s∏-S-Ww). Nne¿°v CXv XXz-

Nn-¥-bn¬ \n∂p≈ am‰-am-bn-cn°mw. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\,v

hnK-lm-cm-[\. a‰p-≈-h¿°v ]m]-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-

Øn-ep≈ a\w-am‰w thWw. DZm-l-c -W-Øn\v

A[m¿ΩnI PohnXw Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-hm≥ Ah≥

Iev]n-°p-sa∂v Adn-bm-hp-∂XpsIm≠v InkvXp-hn¬

hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ hnk-Ω-Xn-°p-∂p. GXp c≠p hy‡n-

I-tfm-Sp≈ _‘-Ønepw am\-km-¥-c-s∏-Sp-hm-\p≈

hnj-b-ßƒ H∂p-X-s∂-b-√. InkvXp-hns\ hniz-kn-

°p-∂-Xn¬\n∂v A-I‰n\n¿Øp-∂Xv F¥pXs∂

Bbn-cp-∂mepw Hcp hy‡n AXn¬ \n∂p am\-km-

¥-c-s∏-S-Ww.

3. am\-km-¥-chpw kphn-ti-jo-I-c-Whpw

Hcmƒ a\w Xncn-bp-tºmƒ GsX√mw hymP-ß-fn¬

\n∂mWv am\-km-¥cs∏tS-≠-sX∂p kphn-tijw

Adn-bn-°p∂ kphn-ti-j-I≥ Adn-bp-∂n√ F∂p-≈Xv

A¤p-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-Itbm Nn¥m-°p-g-∏-Øn-em-°p-Itbm

sNtø-≠-Xn-√. c£-°p≈ GI hyhÿ hniz-mk-am-

bn-cn-°p-∂n-S-tØmfw InkvXp-hn¬ hnizmkw A¿∏n-

s®¶n¬ am\-km-¥cw ap≥t]- Xs∂ \S-∂n- p≠v. Hcp

hy‡n kXy-k-‘-X-tbmSpw Kuc-h-tØm-Spw- Xs‚

Bflm-hns‚ \nXy-amb hn[n InkvXphns\ c-ta-ev]n-

s®-¶n¬ InkvXp-hn-¶-te°p hcp-hm≥ XS- -ambn

\n∂Xv F¥p-X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂mepw AXn¬ \ns∂√mw

a\w Xncn-™n- p-≠v. c£-bv°p≈ c≠p hyh-ÿ-I-

f√ hnizmkhpw am\-km-¥-c-hpw. c£n-°p∂ hnizm-

k-Øns‚ Hcp ]tXyI `mK-amWv am\-km-¥-cw.

InkvXp-hn¬ Bi-bn-°p-∂-Xp-a-qew, hy‡n Xs‚ a\-

n\p am‰w hcp-Øp∂p. AXm-bXv, c£n-Xm-hns\

kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂v AI-‰n \n¿Ønb kI-e-

Xnepw am\-km-¥-c-s∏-Sp-∂p. c£ Dd-∏m-°m≥ hniz-

kn-°p-tºmƒ AXn-\m-h-iy-am-bn-cn-°p∂ F√m am\-


156

km-¥--chpw AXn-\p-≈n¬Øs∂ \S-∂n-cn-°pw.

GXn¬ \ns∂ms° am\-km-¥-c-s∏-S-W-sa∂pw FX-

tØmfw am\-km-¥-c-s∏-S-sa-∂p-sa√mw InkvXp-hn-

ep≈ hnizm-k-Øn¬ AS-ßn-bn- p-≠v. tbip-In-kvXp-

hn-¶-te°v hnizm-k-Øm¬ Xn-cn-bp-tºmƒ c£-bv°m-

h-iy-amb ""Nn¥-bn-ep≈ am‰hpw'' ""amt‰≠ kI-e-

Øn¬\n-∂p-ap≈ am‰hpw'' t\csØ Xs∂ kw -hn-

®n-cn-°mw. c£bv°v F√m-h¿°pw am\-km-¥cw Bh-

iy-am-sW-∂p-≈Xv kXy-amWv. F∂m¬ hy‡n-I-tfm-

Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ am\-km-¥-c-Øns‚ ]tXy-IX

hyXym-k-s∏- n-cn-°mw. CXv BXy¥n-I-ambn kphn-ti-

j-I\pw Adn-hp-≠m-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√. hy‡n InkvXp-

hn¬ Bi-bn-°-W-sa∂v kphn-ti-j-I≥ ]Tn-∏n-®n-cn-

°Ww (In-kvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xn\pw, XS- -ambn

\n¬°p∂ F√m-‰n¬ \n∂pw a\ v am‰-W-sa∂pw

CXn-e-S-ßn-bn- p-s≠∂v hy-‡-am-Wv). hy‡n°p hniz-

kn-°p-hm≥ XS- -amb ]m]-ß-sf-∏‰n ]tXyI Bi-

b-ß-fp-≠m-°p-I-tbm, B hy‡n GXn¬ \ns∂m-s°

Xncn-b-W-sa-∂p-≈-Xn\p Hcp ]ńI D≠m-°p-Itbm

sNøpI F∂p-≈Xv kphn-ti-js‚ tPmen-b-√.

InkvXp-hn-¶-te°p ""Xn-cn-™n-´p-s≠-¶n¬'' Xo¿®-

bmbpw Nne ]tXyI ""Imcy-ß-fn¬ \n∂p Xncn-™n-

´p-≠m-bn-cn°pw'' (Im-Wp-I. At∏m. ]h. 3:19, 20:21

26:20; 1 sX . 1:9).

4. ""am\-km-¥-chpw'' ""]m]sØ Dt]-£n-°epw''

c£bv°p≈ ap≥ D]m[nsb∂ \nebn¬

am\-km-¥cw F∂ ]tbmKw sX‰mbn D]-tbm-Kn®v

c£ ]hrØn-bn-em-sW∂p ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn-s\-Xnsc

Hcp ap≥I-cp-X-ep-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. icn-bmbn a\w Xncn-

bp∂ Hcp hy‡n°p a\w Xncn-tb≠ ]m]-ß-fpsS

]ńI \¬tI-≠-Xn-√. c£-bpsS ASnÿm\w

hnizmkw amX-am-Wv. Hcp hy‡n°v hn-iz-kn-°p-

hm≥ Ign-™n- p-s≠-¶n¬ Ahs‚ hnizm-k-Øn\p

XS- -am-b-Xn¬ \ns∂√mw am\-km-¥-c-s∏- n- p≠v.

c£bv°v Ah-\m-h-iy-amb am\-km-¥cw AXp

amX-am-Wv. c£bv°v ASn-ÿm-\-amb IqSp-X-sem∂pw

\¬Ip-hm≥ B¿°pw A[n-Im-c-an-√.

c£bv°v Hcp ap≥ D]m[nsb∂ \ne-bn¬ s]mXp-hm-

bn-´p≈ ]m]-ßƒt°m ]tXyI ]m]-ß-fn¬s∏´-

Xmbn aZy]m\w XpS-ßn-hbvt°m hncm-a-an-S-W-sa∂v

ss__n-fn¬ ImWp-∂n-√. Aßs\ sNbvXm¬ CXv

]hrØn-bn¬ ASn-ÿm-\-s∏´ c£-bmbnØocp-sa∂p

amX-a-√, am\-km-¥-c-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Hcp-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ Hcm-

tfmSv am\-km-¥-c-Øn\p ap≥]v Xs∂ ASn-a-bm-°n-

bn-cn-°p∂ ]m]-Øn-s‚-ta¬ hnP-bw t\S-W-sa∂p ]d-

bp∂Xv Ah\p bm-sXmcp i‡n-bp-an-√msX Ccn-°p-

tºmƒ Pbn-°m≥ ]d-bp-∂-Xn\v Xpey-am-Wv. c£bv°v

apºv ""am\-km-¥-c-s∏-SpI'' F∂ Iev]-\bpw F√m

]m]-Øn\pw ""hncm-a-an-SpI'' F∂p≈ Iev]-\bpw

H∂√. AXn-ep-]-cn-bmbn c£ t\Sp-∂-Xn-\mbn Hcp

]tXyI ]m]-Øn\p hncm-a-an-Sp-sa∂v Hcp hy‡n

hmKvZm\w sNø-W-sa∂v ss__nƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂n√.

Hcp hy‡nsb ]tXy-In®v ]tem- n-∏n-®n-cn-°p∂ Hcp

]tXyI ]m]sØ Ah-km-\n-∏n-°-W-sa∂v ]Xn⁄

FSp-°p-∂Xpw hmKvZØw sNøp-∂Xpw am\-km-¥-

chpw XΩn¬ Iqń-°p-g-bv°p-hm≥ ]mSn√. cq]m-¥cw

kw -hn-°p-∂-Xn\p ap≥]v sNøm-\m-hmØ Hcp Npa-X-

e-bmWv Hcp ]tXyI "]m]w' \n¿Øp-hm≥ \n¿_-

‘-ambn Xocp-am-\n-°-W-sa-∂p-≈Xv. Aß-s\-bp≈

i‡n c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-h-sc-bn√. kXy-Øn¬ ]m]w

sNøp-∂Xv \n¿Øp-hm≥ ]Xn⁄ FSp-°-W-sa-

∂p≈ Blzm\w Ahn-izm-knsb Xs‚ Xs∂ Ign-

hp-I-fn¬ Bfl-hn-izm-k-ap-≠m-°p-hm≥ t]cn-∏n-°p-I-

bmWv. AXv c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-Øn\p hn]-co-X-hp-

am-Wv. Hcm-fn¬ icn-bmbn am\-km-¥cw kw -hn-°p-

tºmƒ Xs‚ ]m]sØ Pbn-°phm-\p≈ Ignhp X\n-

°n-s√∂p ImWp-hm-\n-S-bm-Ipw. AXns\ Dt]-£n-°m-

sa∂p hmKvZm\w sNøp-hm≥ t]mep-ap≈ \√

hnizmkw X\n-°n-s√∂p a\- n-em-Ipw. Ah≥

bmsXmcp ]Xo-£bpw C√mØ \ne-bn¬ ]m]-

Øns‚ B[n-]-Xy-Øn-s‚- Io-gn-embn-cn°pw. AXp-sIm-

≠mWv Ah≥ In-kv-Xp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xv. c£

ASn-ÿm-\-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv Hcp iq\y-amb Icw ssZh-

Øns‚ A\p-K-l-ßsf kuP-\y-ambn ]m]n-°p-∂-

Xn-em-Wv. ""Fs‚ Ic-ß-fn¬ sIm≠p-h-cp-hm≥ H∂p-

an√ \ns‚ Iqin¬ Rm≥ Nmcp∂p.'' \nXy-Po-h≥

t\Sp-hm≥ ssZh-Øn\p hmKvZm-\-ßƒ sNøp∂

\nd™ IcsØ ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bp-≈-X√ c£.

5. am\-km-¥-chpw I¿Xr-Xz-c£bpw

""I¿Xr-Xz-c£'' F∂ Bibw ]n∂oSv thsd hnh-cn-

°mw. km[m-c-W-bmbn ]d-bm-hp∂ ""I¿Xr-Xz-c£''

F∂ \ne-bn¬ bmsXm∂pw am\-km-¥cw F∂

]tbm-K-Øn¬ Dƒs∏- n- p-≈-Xmbn ImWp-hm≥ Ign-

bp-∂-X-√. Hcp hy‡n-tbmSp ]m]w sNøp-∂Xv \n¿Ø-

W-sat∂m Aß-s\-bp≈ hmKvZm\w sNbvXmte c£

t\Sp-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bp≈q F∂pw ]d-™m¬, Ahs‚

apºn¬ am‰m≥ Ign-bmØ Hcp XS-kw-IqSn hbv°p-

∂p. IqSmsX c£-bv°pth≠n Hcp hyh-ÿ-IqSn Iqń-

t®¿°p-∂p. ]m]-Øns‚ Bk-‡n-Isf XI¿°p-hm≥

c£n-°-s∏-SmØ hy‡n XpS¿am-\-ambn ian®p ]cm-

P-b-s∏- p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p, ImcWw Ah\v c£-bv°p-

tijw e`n-°p∂ ]m-]-Øn-s‚-ta¬ Pbw \¬Ip∂

i‡n-sb-°p-dn®v Adn-bp-hmt\m ssIh-i-am-°p-hmt\m


157

Ign-hn-√. Ah\v Hcp ]t£ InkvXp-hn¬ c£-bv°p-

th≠n Bi-bn°phm\p≈ hnizmkw D≠m-bn-cn°mw,

F∂m¬ Xs‚-ta¬ B[n-]Xyw ]pe¿Øp∂ Hcp

]m]sØ Dt]-£n-°p-hm≥ hmKvZm\w sNøp-hm-\p≈

Ignhv X\n-°n-s√∂p a\- n-em-°p-∂p. InkvXp-hn¬

Bi-bn-°p-hm-\p≈ hnizmkw D≠m-bn-cn°mw. F-

∂m¬ c£n-°-s∏Sp-∂-Xn\p apºp≈ Xs‚ Pohn-X-

Øn¬ ]m]sØ Dt]-£n-°p-hm-\p≈ Ign-hn-√m-sb∂p

kXy-k-‘-ambn hniz-kn-°p-∂p. Cß-s\-bp≈ P\-

ß-tfmSp ]m]sØ Dt]-£n-°p-hm≥ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-

∂Xv ]tbm-P-\-an-√m-ØXpw I]-S-hp-am-Wv. am\-km-¥-

csØ sX‰-n≤-cn®v Cß-s\-bp≈ ]Xym-i-bn-√mØ

Bfp-Iƒ°v ssZh-Øns‚ c£-bv°p≈ hyhÿ

]q¿Øo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bn√ F∂p≈ tXm∂¬

D≠m-Ip-∂p. InkvXp-hn¬ Ah¿°v hniz-kn-°m-sa-

¶nepw ]m]w \n¿Ø¬ sNøp-hm-\p≈ hmKvZm\w

\¬Ip-hm≥ Ah¿°p Ign-hn-√. c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\p

apºv ]m]-sa√mw Dt]-£n-°Ww F∂p-f-f-XmWv am\-

km-¥cw, As√-¶n¬ ]m]w Dt]-£n-°p-hm-\p≈

]Xn⁄ am\-km-¥-c-Øn¬ A-S-ßn-bn-´p-s≠∂p

sX‰n-≤-cn-®m¬ CXv c£-tbm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬

\¬Ip∂ Zpcp-]-tZ-i-]-c-amb as‰mcp \n_-‘-\-bm-bn-

cn-°pw. kXy-Øn¬, ]m]-Øns‚ ASn-a-ØØn¬

\n∂p c£-s∏-Sp-sa∂v bmsXmcp ]Xo-£bpw C√m-

Xn-cn-°p-∂-XmWv Hcp ]m-]n°v \√-Xv. X\n°p Xs∂

]m]sØ Dt]-£n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-sat∂m, Aßs-\-

bp≈ Hcp Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-sat∂m hnizm-

k-an-√msX ssZh-Øns‚ klm-b-amWv Bh-iy-sa∂v

t_m≤y-ap-≠m-Ip-∂-XmWv G‰hpw Bhiyw. Hcp-]m-

]n°v Bh-iy-am-bn-´p-≈Xv Ah\p ]m]-Øn¬

\n∂p≈ tamN\w Bh-iy-amWv F∂pw, AXn\p

InkvXp-hn¬ Bi-bn-°msX thsd am¿§-an-s√∂pw

Adn-bp∂p.

Adn-hn-√mØ Afhn-em-sW-¶n¬t]mepw ]m]-Øn¬

\n∂p a\w Xncn-bp∂ Hmtcm hy‡n°pw ]m]-Øn¬

\n∂p≈ hnSp-X¬ Bh-iy-amWv. InkvXp ssZh-am-

sW∂p hniz-kn-°p-∂Xv c£n-°p∂ hnizm-kØn¬

AS-ßn-bn-´p -s≠-¶nepw c£n-°-s∏-Sp∂ Hmtcm

hy‡nbpw AwKo-I--cn-t°≠ Imcyw InkvXp-hn\v

Fs‚ Pohn-XsØ ssZhnI \∑-bn-te°p \bn-°p-

hm≥ A[n-Im-c-ap-s≠-∂m-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v ]m]-Øn¬

\n∂p tamNw t\S-W-sas∂ BK-l-an-√m-sXtbm

InkvXp I¿Ømhv F∂ \ne-bn¬ \S-Øp∂ `c-W-

tØmSp adp-X-en-°pIbpw sNøp∂ Ah-ÿ-bn¬

c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw D≠m-Ip-∂n-√. F∂n-cp-∂mepw

c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\p-apºv InkvXp-hns‚ A[n-Im-c-

Øn\p Iog-Sßn ]m]w sNøp-∂Xv Ah-km-\n-∏n-°m-

sa∂p hmKvZm\w \¬Ip-∂Xpw, InkvXp-hns\ bP-

am-\-\m-bn-°≠v A\p-k-cn-°p-hm≥ ian-°p-∂Xpw

H∂√. ]m]n InkvXp-hns‚ A[n-Imcw AwKo-I-cn-

t°-≠Xv InkvXp-hns‚ ssZh-Xz-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn-

em-Wv. F∂n-cp-∂mepw Ah≥ c£n-°-s∏-Sp-hm-\p≈

Ignhp e`n-°p-∂-Xn\p apºv B A[n-Im-csØ A\p-

k-cn-°p-hm≥ ian-°p-Itbm AXn-\p≈ hmKvZm\w

sNøp-Itbm th≠. c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v Hcp ]m]n-

bn¬ \n∂p ssZhw AXbpw Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂n-√. AXp-

sIm≠v \mapw B \ne-bn¬ BK-ln-t°-≠-Xn-√.

Hcmƒ c£n-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ InkvXp-hn¬ Bi-bn-

°p-∂p. At∏mƒ Ah≥ InkvXp-hns‚ A[n-Imcw

aXn-bmb Af-hn¬ a\- n-em-°p-∂p. Ah¿ AXn-

\m-h-iy-amb F√m ka¿∏-Whpw \S-Øn-bn-cn°pw.

Ah≥ BK-ln-t°-≠-Xmb ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p≈

F√m hnSp-Xepw BK-ln-°p-∂p. c£ t\Sp-hm≥

Bh-iy-amb F√m am\-km-¥c-hpw Ah≥ \S-Øn-

bn-cn-°pw.

c£bv°v hnizmkw amXw F∂p≈ hyh-ÿ-tbmSv

a‰p hyh-ÿ-Iƒ Iq´n-t®¿Øv am\-km-¥-csØ

sX‰mbn \n¿h-Nn-°p-hm≥ \mw Hcp-sº-Scp-Xv. am\-km-

¥-c-Øns‚ A¿∞w ""a\- ns‚ am‰w'' F∂m-Wv.

InkvXp-hn¬ Bi-bn°Ø° \ne-bn¬ Hcmƒ

FØn-bm¬ AXn-\¿∞w Abmƒ am\-km-¥-c-s∏´p

Ign™p F∂mWv (AXm-bXv Ahs‚ a\- n\p am‰w

D≠m-bn-cn-°p∂p AYhm a\w Xncn-hp-≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂p).

Cu am\-km-¥cw InkvXp-hns\ hniz-kn-°p-hm≥

XS w \n∂ kIe Bi-b-ß-tfmSpw kz`m-h-ß-

tfmSpam-Wv. CXp amX-amWv am\-km-¥c hn[-Øn-epw,

am\-km-¥-c-Øns‚ Af-hnepw ssZhw Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-

∂-Xv.

6. c£bpsS hyhÿsb∂ \ne-bn¬ am\-km-

¥cØns‚ kwKlw

c-£-bv°p≈ icn-bmb hyhÿ am\-km-¥-c-am-

sW∂p \n¿h-Nn-°p-tºmƒ AXv hnizmkw F∂

]tbm-K-tØmSp HØp-h-cp-∂p-sb∂p amX-a-√, hnizm-

k-Øns‚ `mKw Xs∂bmbn-Øo-cp-∂p. InkvXp-hn-¶-

te°p Xncn-bp-tºmƒ hnizm-k-Øn\p X-S- -ambn

\n¬ °p∂ kI-e-Xn¬ \n∂pw Xncn-tb-≠-XmWv.

c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-Øn¬ \n∂p am\-km-¥-csØ

hnth-Nn-°m-sa¶nepw th¿Xn-cn-°m-\m-hn-√. Umfkv

Xntbm-f-Pn-°¬ skan-\m-cn-bpsS ÿm]-I≥ am\-km-

¥-c-sØ-∏‰n Cßs\ Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂p

""c£-tbm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ Bh-iy-amb Hcp hyh-

ÿ-bm-bn´v am\-km-¥-c-am-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂p-≈Xv

kXy-am-Wv. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬, as‰√m-Øcw


158

hnizmk-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw Xncn™v InkvXp-hn¬ Bi-

bn-°pI F∂ GI Bh-iy-Øn-se-Øp-hm≥ AXv

Bh-iyam-Wv. Aß-s\-bp≈ ]q¿Æ-amb Xnchp kw -

hn-°p-hm≥ a\w Xncnhv Xo¿®-bmbpw thWw. B am\-

kn-I-amb ]pXp°w hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xns‚ `mK-amW.v

Cßs\ Hs°-bm-sW-¶nepw am\-km-¥-csØ hnizm-

k-Øns‚ Hcp ]cym-b-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ ImWmw.''45

D. cq]m¥cw c£-bpsS hyhÿsb∂ \nebn¬

a‰p ]tbm-K-ßƒt]mse a\-]-cn-h¿Ø-\-s∏-SpI

F∂p IqsS-°qsS D]-tbm-Kn-®n- n-s√-¶nepw icn-bmbn

\n¿h-Nn-®m¬ CXv c£-bv°p-ff \oXn-]q¿∆amb Hcp

hyh-ÿ-bmbn ImWmw. ]cn-K-Wn-°p∂ ssIsø-gpØv

]Xn-°-\p-k-cn®v ]cn-h¿Ø\s∏SpI F∂ Bibw

hcp∂ Ko°v hm°v 36 apX¬ 39 hsc ]mhiyw D]-

tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn°mWmw. c£-tbmSp _‘-an-

√mØ thZ- m-K-ß-fn¬ CXv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬

\n∂v Hcmƒ°v CXns‚ A¿∞w Cßs\ ]dbmw

""aS-ßn-t∏m-IpI'' AYhm ""aS-ßn-s®-√pI'' (a-Øm. 12:

44; 24:18; a¿t°m. 5:30; 8:33; 13:16; eqt°m. 8:55, 17:31;

tbml. 21:20; At∏m. ]h. 9:40; 15:36; 16:18; Kem. 4:9;

2 ]sXm. 2:22; shfn. 1:12). Hcp hy‡n c£-bv°mbn

tbip-In -kvXp-hn¬ Bi-bn -°p-tºmƒ Ah≥

InkvXp-hn-¶-te°p c£-bv°mbn Xncn-bp-I-bm-Wv.

AXp-sIm≠v c£-bv°p-th≠n InkvXp-hn-¶-te°p aS-

ßpI F∂ A¿-∞-Øn¬ a\-]-cn-h¿Ø-\hpw c£n-

°p∂ hnizm-khpw Xpey-am-Wv. amX-a√ sX‰n-t∏mb

Ah-ÿ-bn¬ \n∂p ssZ-hØn-¶-te-°p≈ hc-hp-amWv

(sb-». 53:6).

At∏m ]h. 3:19˛¬ ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse c£-bpsS

hyhÿ F∂ \ne-bn¬ ""Xncn-™p-sImƒhn≥''

F∂p≈ kphn-tij Blzm\w km[m-c-W-bmbn Hcp

Iev]-\-bmbn kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ ImWp-∂n√. ssZh-

h-N-\-Øn¬ Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ Xncn™v c£-bpsS ka-

b-sØ-°p-dn®v kqNn-∏n®v c£-bn-te°p hnfn-°p-

tºmgpw As√-¶n¬ aq∂m-a-sXm-cm-fpsS a\w Xncn-hn-

s\-°p-dnt®m AXp-a-s√-¶n¬ a\w-Xn-cn-h-√mØ Ah-

ÿ-sb-°p-dnt®m km[m-c-W-bmbn kqNn-∏n-°p∂p

(aØm. 13:15; a¿t°m. 4:12; tbml. 12:40; At∏m. ]hr.

9:35; 11:21; 15:19; 26:18, 20; 28:27; 2 sImcn. 3:16; 1 sX .

1:9; 1 ]sXm. 2:25). cq]m¥cØn-\mbn Ahn-izm-kn-I-

tfmSp Blzm\w sNøp-∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ, c£n-°-s∏´

ssZh-a-°ƒ°v Ah-cpsS c£-bpsS ka-bØv F¥p

kw -hn®p F∂p ]Tn-∏n-°p-hm-\mWv ss__n-fn¬ a\w

Xn-cn-bpI F∂p≈ ]Zw IqSp-X-embn D]-tbmKn®n-cn-

°p-∂Xv. a\-]-cn-h¿Ø-\sØ \ap°v C]-Imcw \n¿h-

Nn-°mw. c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-tØmsS InkvXp

hnte°p Xncn-bp-I. IqSmsX c£-bv°p≈ GI hyh-

ÿ-bmb hnizm-k-tØmSv GsX-¶nepw Iq´n-t®¿°pI

F∂v sX‰n-≤-cn-°-cpXv. a\w Xncn-bpI F∂-Xns‚

efn-X-amb A∞w c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-sa-∂m-Wv. c£

]m]n-°p-∂-Xn\p apºv Hcp hy‡n Xs‚ Pohn-X-

ssien ]q¿Æ-ambn am‰-W-sa∂v CXv A¿∞-am-°p-

∂n-√. a\]-cn-h¿Ø\w F∂p ]d-™m¬ c£-bv°p-

th≠n hnizm-k-tØmsS InkvXp-hn-¶-te°p Xncn-bpI

F∂mWv.

E. tbip-hns\ c£n-Xm-hmbn AwKo-I-cn-°pItbm

kzoI-cn-°ptbm sNøp-I.

Cu ]tbmKw c£-tbm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ ss__nƒ

hyh-ÿ-bmbn ]m[m-\y-tØmsS ImWp-∂n√.

F∂m¬ tbml-∂m≥ 1:12˛¬ CXp ImWp-∂p.

Ahs\ ssIs°m≠v Ahs‚ \ma-Øn¬

hniz-kn-°p-∂- Gh¿°pw ssZah°fmbn

Øocphm ≥ Ah≥ A[nImcw sImSpØp

(tbml. 1:12).

A¿∞-ßƒ F√mw H∂p-X-s∂-bmWv. c£n-°p∂

hnizm-k-Øns‚ kPo-h-amb Ah-ÿbv°v hniz-kn-

°pI F∂p-≈Xv IqSp-X¬ Du∂¬ \¬Ip∂p.

F∂m¬ kzoI-cn-°pI F∂p-≈Xv c£n-°p∂ hnizm-

k-Øn-\p-th≠n Iogvs∏-Sp-I, hnt[-b-s∏-SpI F∂

Bi-b-amWv \¬Ip-∂Xv. hnizm-k-Øn¬ \Ωƒ c£-

bv°mbn ssZh-Øn¬ Bi-bn-°p∂p. \mw hnizm-k-

Øn¬ tbip-In-kvXp-hn¬ \n∂v kuP-\y-amb c£

kzoI-cn-°m≥ Xøm-dm-Ip∂p. hniz-kn-°p-I, kzoI-cn-

°pI F∂nh c£-bv°p≈ Htc hyh-ÿ-bmWv.

F∂mepw Ch Aev]w hyXy-kvX-amb Du∂¬

\¬Ip-∂p. tbip-hns\ c£n-Xm-hmbn AwKo-I-cn-°p-

Itbm kzoI-cn-°ptbm sNøp-tºmƒ InkvXp-hnepw

Ah-s‚ -Iq-inepw Bi-bn-°p∂p F∂v A¿∞-am-

°p-∂p. At∏mƒ ""kzoI-cn-°pI (A¿∞w kzmKXw

sNøp-I), AYhm InkvXp-hns\ c£-I-\mbn AwKo-

I-cn-°pI F∂p≈ Blzm\w sNøp-∂Xv IrXy-

amWv.''

F. c£-t\-Sp-∂-Xn\p hniz-kn°pI, ]h¿Øn°pI

c£-bv°p≈ hyh-ÿ-bmbn ]h¿Øn°pI As√-

¶n¬ aX-I¿Ω-ßƒ sNøpI XpS-ßnb sX‰p-≤m-c-

WIsf-°mƒ A]-I-S-I-chpw hym]-I-hp-amb Nne

sX‰p-I-fp-≠v. Inbm-fl-I-ambn Cu ]T\w c-£bv°v

hnizmkw amXw aXn-sb-∂p-f-f-Xn\v 150 ˛ ¬ A[nIw

thZ- m-K-ßƒ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-®n- p-≠v. Hcp hy‡n ]h¿


45 Lewis Sperry Chafer, Chafer Systematic Theology, Vol.7(Dallas, Dallas Seminary Press, 1948) 7: 265

159

Øntbm aX-I¿Ω-ßtfm hnizm-k-tØm-Sp -Iq´n-

t®¿Øm¬ Cu thZ- m-K-ßƒ ]c-kv]c hncp-≤-ßfpw

CXv \¬In-b-h-sc√mw \pW-b-∑mcpw Bbn-cn°pw

(I¿Øm-hmb tbip Dƒs∏-sS). Kem-Xy-cpsS

]hrØn-bm-ep≈ c£ F∂Xns\sc ss__n-fnse

G‰hpw I¿°-i-amb `mj-bn-emWv ]utemkv ]Xn-

I-cn-®-Xv. c£ ]hrØn-bm¬ t\Sm≥ Ign-bp-sa-∂p≈

]Tn-∏n-°¬ Hcp ""][m\ Zpcp-]-tZ-i-amWv.'' CXn-s\-

Xn-cmbn i‡n-tbmsS ]Xn-I-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

F∂m¬ Rßƒ \nß-tfmSv Adn-bn-®-Xn\p

""hn]-co-X-ambn'' Rß-fm-Is´ kz¿§-Øn¬

\n∂p Hcp ZqX-\m-Is´ \nß-tfmSp kphn-tijw

Adn-bn-®m¬ Ah≥ i]n-°-s∏- -h≥. Rßƒ

ap≥]p ]d-™-Xp-t]mse Rm≥ Ct∏mƒ

]ns∂bpw ]d-bp∂p, \nßƒ ssIs°m≠

kphn-ti-j-Øn\p hn]-co-X-ambn Bsc-¶nepw

\nß-tfmSp kphn-tijw Adn-bn-®m¬ Ah≥

i]n-°-s∏- -h≥ (K-em. 1:8˛9).

Rßƒ F√m-hcpw Aip-≤-s\-t∏mse

Bbn-Øo¿∂p; Rß-fpsS \oXn-]-h¿Øn-

Iƒ Id-]n-c≠ XpWn-t]mse'' (sb-i. 64:6).

Ah¿ Ah-t\mSv ssZh-Øn\p ]km-Z-ap≈

]hrØn-Isf ]h¿Øn-t°-≠-Xn\p Rßƒ

F¥p sNtøWw F∂p tNmZn®p. tbip Ah-

tcmSv: ssZh-Øn\p ]km-Z-ap≈ ]hrØn

Ah≥ Ab-®-h-\n¬ \nßƒ hniz-kn-°p-∂-

XsX F∂p DØcw ]d™p (tbm-l. 6:28˛29).

tamsi-bpsS \ymb-]-am-W-Øm¬ \nßƒ°v

\oXo-I-cWw hcp-Øp-hm≥ Ign-bmØ kI-

e-Øn¬ \n∂pw hniz-kn-°p∂ Gh\pw Ch-

\m¬ \oXo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p F∂p \nßƒ Adn-

™p-sImƒhn≥ (A-t∏m. ]hr. 13:39).

AXp-sIm≠v \ymb-]-am--WØns‚ ]hrØn-

I-fm¬ Hcp P-Uhpw Ahs‚ k∂n-[n-bn¬

\oXn-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn√; \ymb-]-am-W-Øm¬

]m]-Øns‚ ]cn⁄m-\-asX hcp-Øp-∂Xv

(tdm-a. 3:20).

Aßs\ a\p-jy≥ \ymb-]-am-W-Øns‚

-]-hrØn IqSmsX hnizm-k-Øm¬Øs∂

\oXn-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂p F∂p \mw A\p-am-\n-

°p∂p (tdm-a. 3:28).

]hrØn-°m-Ø-h≥ F¶nepw A`-‡s\

\oXoI-cn-°p-∂-h-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂ht\m

Ahs‚ hnizmkw \oXn-bmbn IW-°n-Sp∂p

(tdma. 4:5).

\oXn-bpsS ]amWw ]n¥p-S¿∂ bnkm-tbtem

B ]am-W-Øn¬ FØn-bn√ AsX-¥p-

sIm≠v? hnizm-k-Øm¬ A√ ]hrØn-I-

fm¬ At\z-jn-®-Xp-sIm≠p Xs∂ Ah¿

CS¿®-°-√n-t∑¬ X´n CSdn (tdm-a. 9:31˛32).

Ir]-bm¬ F¶n¬ ]hrØn-bm-e√ As√-¶n¬

Ir] Ir]-b√ (tdma. 11:6).

F∂m¬ tbip-In-kvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-Øme-

√msX \ymb-]-am-W-Øns‚ ]hrØn-I-fm¬

a\p-jy¿ \oXo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂n√ F∂p Adn-

™n-cn-°-s°m≠v \mapw \ymb-]-am-W-Øns‚

]hrØn-I-fm√ InkvXp-hn-ep-ff hnizm-k-

Øm¬ Xs∂ \oXo-I-cn -°-s∏-tS-≠-Xn\p

InkvXp-tb-ip-hn¬ hniz-kn®p \ymb-]-am-W-

Øns‚ ]hrØn-I-fm¬ Hcp PUhpw \oXo-

I-cn --s∏-Sp-I-bn√t√m (K-em. 2:16).


k-∂n-[n-bn¬ \oXn-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂n√ F∂Xp

kv]jvSw. ""\oXn-am≥ hnizm-k-Øm¬ Pohn°pw

F∂t√m D≈Xv'' (K-em. 3:11).

Ir]-bm-et√m \nßƒ hnizmkw aqew c£n°-

s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXn\pw \nßƒ Im-c-W-a√

ssZh-Øns‚ Zm\-a-sX-bm-Ip-∂p. Bcpw ]iw-

kn-°m-Xn-cn-∏m≥ ]hrØn-Ifpw Imc-W-a√

(F-s^. 2:8˛9).

Ah≥ \sΩ c£n-°p-Ibpw hnip≤ hnfn-

sIm≠v hnfn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXXv \ΩpsS

]hrØn-Iƒ \nan-Ø-a√ kI-e-Im-e-Øn\pw

apsº InkvXp-tb-ip-hn¬ \ap°p ¬In-bn-cn-°p-

∂Xpw (2 Xnsam. 1:9).

Ah≥ \sΩ \mw sNbvX \oXn-]-hrØn-I-

fm-e√ Xs‚ IcpW]Im-c-asX c£n-®Xv

(Xo-tØm. 3:5).

F¶n¬ \nXym-flm-hn-\m¬ ssZh-Øn\p \njvI-

f-¶-\mbn A¿∏n® InkvXp-hns‚ c‡w Poh-

\p≈ ssZhsØ Bcm-[n-∏m≥ \nß-fpsS a\-

m-£nsb \n¿÷o-h-]-hrØn-Isf t]m°n

FX A[nIw ip≤o-I-cn°pw? (F-_m. 9:14).

ssZh-h-N-\-Ønse Nne `mK-ßƒ hymJym-\n-®m¬

\√ ]hrØn-sb∂ hyhÿ c£-bv°p-≈-Xmbn

tXm∂pw.- A-ßs\ hcp-tºmƒ hymJym\n°p∂bm

ƒ°v c£bv°p hnizmkw amXw aXn F∂p≈ 150

˛¬ A[nIw hmIy-ßsf A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-t°-≠-Xm-bn

hcpw. AXp amX-a√, c£bv°v ]hrØn Bh-iy-an-


160

s√∂p ]pXn-b-\nbaw Dd-∏m-°p-∂p. c£bv°v

]hrØn-Iƒ Bh-iy-am-sW∂p tXm∂n-°p∂ thZ-

`m-K-ßƒ hymJym-\n-°p-tºmƒ c£n-°-s∏-Sphm≥

hnizmkw amXw ]d-bp∂ hymJym-\-tØmSp s]mcp-

Ø-s∏-Sp∂ Xpey aqey-ap≈ as‰mcp hymJym\w

Is≠-ØpI F∂-XmWv t]mwh-gn. kXy-Øn¬

_m°n-bp-≈ ssZh-h-N-\-tØmSp s]mcp-Ø-s∏´ \ne-

bn¬ Hcp thZ- m-KsØ hymJym-\n-°p-tºmƒ AXv

thZ- m-K-Øns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-tØmSp G‰hpw A\p-tbm-

Py-ambn-cn°pw. AXp-t]mse Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ a‰p

ÿe-ß-fn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xn-t\mSpw tbmPn-°pw.

DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v bmt°m-_v 2:26 ]cn-K-Wn-°p-I...

""]hrØn-bn-√mØ hnizm-khpw \n¿÷o-h-am-Ip∂p.''

apI-fn¬ ]d-™n-cn°p∂ hmIy-ßƒ°v hncp-≤-amWv

Cu hmIy-sa∂p \n¿_-‘-_p-≤n-tbm-Sp-IqsS -hym-Jym-

\n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. F∂m¬ Ah-tbmSp tbm-Pn®

\ne-bn¬ CXv hymJym-\n-°-Ww. ssZh-tØm-Sp _‘-

Øn-ep-≈ Nne bmYm-ÿn-XnI kXy-ßƒ hniz-kn-

°p∂ _p≤n-]-c-amb hnizm-k-sØ-bmWv ChnsS

bmt°m_v \n¿h-Nn-°p-∂-Xv. ]tXy-In®v, GI-ssZ-h-

hn-izmkw ""ssZhw GI≥ F∂p \o hniz-kn-°p-

∂pthm; sIm≈mw; ]nim-Np-°fpw Aßs\ hniz-kn-

°p-Ibpw hnd-bv°pIbpw sNøp∂p'' (bm-t°m. 2:19).

hmIyw 26 A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv ssZhsØ°pdn®v Nne

kXy-ßƒ AS-ßnb _p≤n-]-c-amb hnizmkw

c£bv°v aXn-bm-b-X-s√-∂m-Wv. bYm¿∞-ambn c£n-

°p∂ hnizmkw k¬]-hrØn-bn-eqsS shfn-s∏-Sp∂

Xc-Øn-ep≈ hnizm-k-am-Wv. Hcp A¿∞-h-Ømb hni-

Zo-I-c-W-an-Xm-Wv. ""ssZh-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ kXy-ßsf-

°p-dn®v shdpsX Hcp hnizmkw amX-am-Wp-≈-sX-¶n¬

B hnizm-k-Øns‚ ^ew \n¿÷oh ]hrØn-I-fm-

bn-cn°pw.''

Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ hni-Zo -I-cn -®n -cn -°p-∂Xpw

]utemkv hnizmkw amXw F∂ \ne-bn¬ Du∂¬

sIm-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amb c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-

Øn\p≈ Cu ssZh-imkvXw Hcn-°epw FXn-c-√.

hmIyw 14-˛¬ bmt°m_v apsº Xs∂ tNmZn-°p-

∂p≠v. B hnizm-k-Øm¬ Ah≥ c£-]m-]n-°ptam?

bmt°m_v Xs∂ DØcw ]d-bp∂p ""C√.''

]utemkpw CXn-t\mSp tbmPn-°p-∂p-≠v. _p≤n-]-c-

amb hnizm-kw -amXw Bscbpw c£n-°p-∂n-√. icn-

bmb c£n-°p-∂-hn-izmkw ]hrØn-bn¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-

∂-Xm-sW∂p- ]u-temkpw kΩ-Xn-®n-cn-°p∂p (F-s^.

2:8˛10). bmt°m_v 2˛¬ Im-Wp-∂Xpt]mse, hnizmkw

IrXy-amb D]-tZiw _p≤n-]-c-ambn AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂Xv

amX-am-sW-¶n¬, B hnizm-kw-sIm≠v amXw t\Sp-

hm≥ I-gn-bp-I-bn-√. Ft∏mƒ hnizmkw Bib-ambpw

Bew-_-ambpw Bfl-hn-izm-k-hp-ambn amdpt∂m,

At∏mƒ, ]utem-kns‚ Fgp-Øp-I-fn¬ ]d-bp-∂-Xp-

t]mse AXv c£n-°p∂ hnizm-khpw ]hrØn-bn-

eqsS shfn-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-ambn amdpw. AXp-sIm≠v,

bmt°m_pw ]utemkpw hnizm-k-Øns‚ c≠p -X-e-

Øn-ep≈ A¿∞amWv \¬Ip-∂-sX∂v hymJym-Xm-

°ƒ Adn-b-Ww.

bmt°m_v 2 ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv _p≤n-]-c-amb hnizmkw

c£n-°p-∂n-√-sb-∂mWv. F∂n-cp-∂mepw, c£- t\-Sp-

hm≥ hnizmkw amXw (B-ibw F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬

\n¿h-Nn-°-s∏- Xv) ]cym-]vX-a-s√-∂v AXv Hcn-°epw

sXfn-bn-°p-∂n-√. Hmtcm Fgp-Øp-Im-c\pw \¬Ip∂

IrXy-amb \n¿h-N\w kq£v-a-X-tbmsS i≤n-°p-

tºmƒ, bmt°m-_ns‚ teJ-\-Øn¬ ImWp∂ Cu

]kvXm-h\Iƒ c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-Øn\v(B-ibw

F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬) FXn-cm-bn-h-cp -∂n-√. c£

]hrØn-bm-em-sW∂p tXm∂n-°p∂ F√m mK-ßfpw

hnizm-k-Øm¬ amX-amWv c£-sb-∂p≈ Bi-b-

tØmSp s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ hn[-Øn¬ hymJm-\n-°p-

∂-XmWv G‰hpw \√-Xv.

G. hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw kv\m\w G¬°pIbpw sNøp-

∂Xn-eqsS t\Sp-∂ c£.

Cu mKw hmbn-°m≥ Hcp-ßp∂ hmb-\-°m-c≥ apºp

]d-™n- p≈ hnizm-k-Øm¬ amX-amWv c£ F∂p-

f-f Bi-b-Øn-te°v aS-ßn-t∏m-Ip-∂Xv hfsc ]tbm-

P-\-I-c-am-Wv. AXp-t]mse ]hrØn-Itfm aX-]-c-amb

I¿Ω-ßtfm c£ \¬Ip-I-bn-s√∂p ÿm]n-°p∂

`mK-ßfpw ]cn-K-Wn-°p-hm≥ i≤n-°-Ww.

Nne thZ- m-K-ßƒ a‰p thZ- m-K-ß-fn¬ \n∂p am‰n-

\n¿Øn ]Tn-®m¬, c£bv°v kv\m\w Bh-iy-am-

sW∂p ]Tn∏n -°p-∂-XmbntØm∂mw. F∂m¬

c£bv°p hnizmkw amX-amWv hyh-ÿ-sb∂ Bi-

b-tØmSp s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ \ne-bn¬ hymJym-\n-®m¬

Cu thZ- m-K-ßƒ icn-bmb Bibw \¬Ipw. hy‡-

ambn∏d-™m¬, thZ- m-K-ßƒ XΩn¬ Bibs∏m-cp-

Ø-ap-≠m-°p∂ hymJym-\-amWv icn-bmb hymJym\w.

A√msX thZ- m-K-ßƒ XΩn¬ ]c-kv]c hncp-≤-am-

°p∂ hymJym-\-a-√. c£bv°v hnizmkw amX-amWv

hyh-ÿ-sb∂p hy‡-am-°p∂ 150 ¬ A[nIw thZ-

`m-K-ßƒ D≈-t∏mƒ, kv\m\sØ c£-bv°m-h-iy-amb

H∂m-bn v ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-X-√. (ssZ-h-tØm-Sp≈

A\p-k-cWw ]q¿Æ-am-Ip-∂-Xn\p kv\m\w Bh-iy-

amWv).

c£, kv\m\w F∂o hnj-b-ß-fn¬ tbip-hn-s‚bpw

]utem-kn-s‚bpw DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°pI


161

km[m-c-W-amWv (tbm-l. 4:2; 1 sImcn. 1:17).

Hcp henb Af-thmfw Ch¿ hy‡n-]-c-ambn a‰p-≈-

hsc kv\m\-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn√. ]utemkv ]d-bp∂p

""kv\m\w Ign-∏m-\√ kphn-tijw Adn-bn-∏m-\sX

(Ko°v hm°ns‚ A¿∞w kphn-ti-jo-I-cn-°p-I)

InkvXp Fs∂ Ab-®Xv '' (1 sImcn. 1:17). kv\m\w

IqSmsX c£ t\Sn-b-Xns‚ DZm-l-c-W-amWv Iqinse

I≈≥ (eq-t°m. 23: 45). sIm¿∂-teymkv kv\m\-s∏-

Sp-∂-Xn\p apºv Xs∂ c£n-°-s∏-ń-cp∂p (A-t∏m.

10:47). 46 Cu Imcy-ß-sf√mw \oXn-]q¿Æ-amWv. F∂n-

cp-∂mepw kv\m\-Øn-eqsS ho≠pw P\\w F∂Xv

ssZh-h-N-\-sØ ]ckv]chncp-≤-am-°p∂p F∂ kXy-

Øn-s\-°mƒ Ah Xmgv∂-Xm-Wv. c£ hnizm-k-Øm¬

amX-am-sW-¶n¬, AXn-t\mSv H∂pw tN¿°p-hm≥

Ignbn√. ]iv\-ap-s≠∂p tXm∂p∂ thZ- m-K-ßƒ,

c£n-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥ hnizmkw F∂ GI-hy-h-ÿ-

tbmSp s]mcp-Ø--s∏-Sp∂ \ne-bn¬ ]cn- m-j-s∏-Sp-Øn-

bm¬ At∏mƒ AXv icn-bmb hymJym-\-am-bn-cn-°pw.

XpS¿∂p≈ `mKØv c£bv°v kv\m\w thW-sa∂v

]d-bp-∂-Xn\p km[m-c-W-bmbn D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂

thZ- m-K-ßƒ Xs∂ c£bv°v hnizmkw amXw aXn-

sb∂ hyh-ÿ-tbmSp s]mcp -Ø-s∏-Sp -∂-Xmbn

ImWmw.

1. a¿t°mkv 16:15˛16

]ns∂ Ah≥ Ah-tcmSv: ""\nßƒ `qtem-I-

Øn¬ Hs°bpw t]mbn kIe krjvSn-tbmSpw

kphn-tijw ]kw-Kn-∏n≥; hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw

kv\m\w G¬°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h≥ c£n-°-

s∏-Spw. hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h≥ in£m-hn-[n-bn¬

AI-s∏-Spw.''

Cu thZ-`mKw BZysØ bYm¿∞ ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-

Øns‚ `mK-a-√m-Xn-cn-°p-hm-\p≈ Hcp km[y-X-bp-≠v.

AXym-[p-\nI ]cn- m-j-Icpw hymJym-\-ßfpw a¿t°m

16:9 ap-X-ep≈ th-Z-`m-K-ßƒ G‰hpw ]g-°-ap-ff

ssIsø-gpØp ]Xn-I-fn¬ ImWp-∂n-s√-∂mWv

]d-bp-∂-Xv.

F∂n-cp-∂mepw, Cu ]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ icn-bm-sW-¶n¬

Chsb hnizmkw amXw F∂ hyh-ÿbv°v A\p-

tbmPyamb \ne-bn¬ hymJym-\n-°Ww. hmIyw 16- ¬

hniz-kn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂-XmWv (kv\m-\-s∏SmXn-cn-°p-

∂X-√) in£m-hn-[n°p Imc-W-am-Ip∂Xv. At∏mƒ

hnizm-k-amWv c£bv°v ASn-ÿm-\w. hmIyw 16 BZy-

`m-KØv ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse hnizm-khpw kv\m\hpw

ssZhw Bh-iy-s∏-Sp\v ]Xn-I-c-W-ß-fm-Wv F∂Xv

kXy-amWv. c£bpw kv\m\hpw ssZhw Bh-iy-s∏-

Sp∂ Imcy-ß-fm-Wv. c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-tcm-Sp≈ _‘-

Øn¬ Ch c≠pw icn-bmWv Cu c≠p LS-I-ß-fnepw

c£bv°v Bh-iy-amb GI LSIw hnizmkw amX-

am-Wv. a¿t°m. 16:16. Cu \ne-bn¬ hymJym-\n-®n-s√-

¶n¬, ssZh-h-N-\-Ønse hfsc hy‡-amb At\Iw

thZ- m-K-ßƒ°v hncp-≤-ambnØocpw

2. tbml-∂m≥ 3:5

AXn\p tbip: ""Bta≥ Bta≥ Rm≥ \nt∂mSp

]d-bp-∂p: sh≈-Ømepw Bflm-hn-\mepw P\n-®n-

√m-sb-¶n¬ ssZh-cm-Py-Øn¬ IS-∏m≥ B¿°pw

Ign-bp-I-bn√.''

c£bv°v hnizmkw amXw aXn F∂ hymJym-\-

tØmSp s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂-hn-[-Øn¬ tbml-∂m≥ 3:5

]e \ne-bn¬ hymJym-\n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. Cu ]T-\-

tØmSp≈ _‘-Øn¬ CXn¬ GXmWv G‰hpw \√-

sX-∂-Xn\p henb ][m-\y-an-√. kv\m\-Øn-eq-sS-bp≈

c£ F∂ D]-tZ-i-Øn\p hn]-co-X-ambn GXp \ne-

bn-se-Sp-Ømepw êw H∂p- X-s∂-bm-Wv. AXm-bXv,

kv\m\w -aqew ho≠pw P\\w kw`-hn-°p-sa∂v

bmsXmcp sXfn-hp-an√. Nne¿ sh≈w ùXnI P\-\-

ambn ImWp∂p (A-Xm-bXv inip-hns\ shffw s]mXn-

™n-cn-°p∂p). hmIyw 6˛¬ uXn-I-P-\-\hpw BflnI

P\-\hpw XΩn-ep≈ hyXymkw ImWmw. hymI-c-W-

]-c-amb as‰mcp km[yX ChnsS ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-

Xns\ "sl≥Un-bm-Unkv' (Hendiadys) F∂p ImWp-

I-bm-Wv. CXns‚ A¿∞-ambn ]cn- m-j-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥

Ign-bp-∂Xv ""Hcp-h≥ sh≈w, AYhm ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-

hn-\m¬ P\n-®n-√m-sb-¶n¬'' F∂m-Wv. At∏mƒ

sh≈w ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ Hcp ]Xo-I-ambn ImWp-

I-bm-Wv. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ sh≈-tØmSp tN¿Øp-

]-d-™n-cn-°p∂ Iogvh-g°w \ap°v (sbl-kvt°¬

36:25˛27; sbi. 44:3; tbml. 7:38˛39 XpS-ßnb thZ- m-

K-ßfn¬ ImWmw. aq∂m-asØ hymJym\w, sh≈w

ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ ]Xo-I-sa-∂m-Wv. ]pXp-P-\\w

kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv ssZh-h-N-\-Øm¬

]h¿Øn-°p-tºmgmWv(bmt°m_v 1:18; 1 ]tXm. 1:23).

ssZh-h-N-\sØ sh≈-tØmSp tN¿Øp ]d-™n-cn-

°p∂ a‰p thZ- m-K-ßƒ (tbml. 15:3; Fs^. 5:26).

Ah-km-\-ambn ChnsS∏d-™n-cn-°p∂ sh≈w tbml-

∂ms‚ kv\m\-tØmSp tN¿Øv ]d-™mepw AXv

kv\m\-Øn-eq-sS-bp≈ ho≠pw P\-\-a-s√∂p hmbn-


46 InkvXob kv\m\w Bcw-`n-°p-∂-Xn\p apºv Xs∂Iqinse I≈≥ acn®p Ign-™p. kv\m]I≥ tbml-∂m≥kv\m\-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Iev]n® ka-bØv Ah≥ Pohn-®n-cp-∂p.AXp-sIm≠v Ahs‚ DZm-l-cWw Hcmƒ kv\m\-s∏-SmsXc£n-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Ign-bp-sa-∂-Xns‚ \√ amXrI ImńØcp-∂p.

162

°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. InkvXp-hns‚ kv\m\-Øn¬ \n∂p

hn`n-∂-amWv tbml-∂ms‚ kv\m\w. CXv C∂v Bcpw

A\p-h¿Øn-°p-∂n√.47 tbml-∂m≥ 3˛¬ \nt°m-Zn-

tamkv ]d-bp∂ ka-bØv tbiphpw tbml-∂m\pw

kv\m\-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Bfp-I-tfmSv Blzm\w sNøp-∂Xv

\nt°m-tZtamkv \n-co-£n-®n-cn-°mw. Hcp ]t£ tbml.

3:5; kv\m\w amXw t]mcm F∂p InkvXp ]Tn-∏n-

°p∂ coXn-bm-bn-cn-°mw. Cu hmIysØ as‰mcp \ne-

bn¬ hni-Zo-I-cn-®m¬ ""Fs‚ A\p-Km-an-Iƒ kv\m\-

s∏-S-W-sa∂p Rm≥ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂Xv icn-bm-sW-

¶nepw \nt°m-Zn-tam-tk, Ah¿ AXp amXsa sNbv-

Xn- p-s≈-¶n¬, Ah¿ ssZh-cm-Py-Øn¬ IS-°p-I-bn-

√. tbml-∂ms‚ kv\m\w Rm≥ Ah-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh-

¶nepw ssZh-Øns‚ cmPy-Øn¬ IS-°p-hm-\p≈

tbmKyX Bflm-hn-\m¬ P\n-°p-I-bmWv.'' Cu

hymJym\w icn-bm-sW-¶n¬ tbml-∂ms‚ kv\m\w

icn-bm-sW∂p InkvXp ]Tn-∏n-°p-tºmgpw Bflm-hn-

\m-ep-f-f ]pXp-P-\-\-amWv c£ \evIp-∂Xv. A\p-jvTm-

\-ßƒ (AXv Bh-iy-am-sW-¶n-epw) H∂p-sIm-≠p-

amXw c£-t\-Sp-hm≥ Ign-bp-sa∂v \nt°m-Zn-tamkv

Nn¥n-°-cp-Xv. hnizm-k-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ ]pXp

Poh≥ \¬Ip∂ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ]h¿Øn-bmWv

c£ (tbm-l. 3:16). AXns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬

ImWpI). AXp-sIm≠v tbml. 3:5 ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv

kv\m\-am-sW∂p thW-sa-¶n¬, B thZ-`m-KsØ

kv\m\-Øn-eq-sS-bp-ff ]pXp-P-\\w F∂p D]-tZ-

iam°msX hymJym-\n-°mw. kXy-Øn¬ tbip-

InkvXp hn]-co-X-amb Imcy-amWv ]d-bp-∂Xv. tbml-

∂ms‚ kv\m\w Ah≥ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p-s≠-¶nepw

kv\m\-Pew Bscbpw c£n-°p-I-bn-s√∂p Adn-

bphm≥ tbip BK-ln-°p-∂p. hnizm-k-Øn-eqsS e`n-

°p∂ Bflob Poh-\mWv c£bv°p \nZm-\w.

hnh-cWw \S-Øp-∂-Xn-eqsS ][m\ kXyw \„-s∏-S-

cpXv. c£bv°v kv\m\w Bh-iy-am-sW∂p ]Tn-∏n-

°m≥ th≠n tbml-∂m≥ 3:5 hymJym-\n-°-cpXv hnizm-

k-Øm¬ amX-amWv c£ F∂p≈ D]-tZ-i-tØmSp

s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂-XmWv tbml-∂m≥ 3: 5 s‚ GXp

icn-bmb hymJym-\-hpw.

3. At∏m. ]hr. 2:38

]sXmkv Ah-tcmSv: ""\nßƒ am\-km-¥-c-s∏´p

\nß-fp-sS ]m]-ß-fpsS tamN-\-Øn-\mbn

Hmtcmcp-Ø≥ tbip-In-kvXp-hn-s‚-\m-a-Øn¬

kv\m\w Gev]n≥. F∂m¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv

F∂ Zm\w e`n-°pw.''

c£bv°v kv\m\w Hcp hyh-ÿ-bm-sW∂p hn-iz-kn-

°p-∂-h-cpsS ]nb-s∏´ hmIy-am-Wn-Xv. hnizmkw

amXw (sola fide)F∂ D]-tZ-i-tØmSp A\p-tbm-Py-

amb hn[-Ønepw CXv hymJym-\n-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

""Bbn (th-≠n)'' F∂-Xn\v A\-h[n A¿∞-ß-fp≠v.

Hcp A¿∞w ""AXp-sIm≠v'' F∂mWv. IS tamjWw

\S-Øn-b-Xn-\m¬ t]meokv Ahs\ ]nSn-Iq-Sn. "AXn-

\m¬' F∂ Bi-b-Øn\v "AXp-sIm≠v' F∂

A¿∞-ap-≠v. IS tamjWw \S-Øn-b-Xp-sIm-≠v

t]meokv Ahs\ ]nSn-IqSn. At∏m. ]hr. 2:28˛¬

D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ eis F∂ hm°mWv ""Bbn''

(""th≠n'' for) F∂p ]cn- m-j-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

CXn\p hf-sc-b-[nIw A¿∞-ß-fp≠.v ""th≠n''

""Bbn'' (for) F∂ hm°n\v ""AXp-sIm≠v'' F∂v

A¿∞-ap≈Xpt]mse eis F∂ hm°pw ""AXp-

sIm≠v'' F∂v ]cn- m-j-s∏-Sp-Øm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. aØm.

12:41˛¬ \n\-sh-bnse P\-sØ-°p-dn®v ]d-™n-cn-°p-

∂p. ""Ah¿ tbm\-bpsS ]kwKw tI´p (eis ) am\-

km-¥-c-s∏-´p-ht√m eqt°m 11:32 CsX ]tbmKw

ImWmw. aØm. 3:11 epw eis F∂ ]tbm-KsØ AXp-

sIm≠v F∂p ]cn- m-j-s∏-Sp-Ømw. ""Rm≥ \nßsf

am\-km-¥-c-Øn-\mbn (eis) sh≈-Øn¬ kv\m\w

Gev∏n-°p-∂-tX-bp≈p.'' tbml-∂ms‚ ]kvXm-h\

icn-bm-bn´p a\- n-em-°p-∂Xv C]-Im-c-amW.v Rm≥

\nßsf am\-km-¥-c-s∏-´-Xp-sIm≠v sh≈-Øn¬

kv\mw Gev]n-°p-∂-tX-bp≈q (tdm-a. 4:20; 11:32;

XotØm. 3:14 epw ImWpI ChnsSsb√mw eis F∂

hm°ns‚ km[m-cW D]-tbm-K-ßƒ ImWmw). a‰p≈

thZ- m-K-ß-fp-ambn tbmPn®p t]mIp-hm≥ X°-hÆw

At∏m. ]hr. 2:38 s\ hymJym-\n-°p-tºmƒ AhnsS

""Bbn'' (tam-N-\-Øn-\m-bn for) F∂-Xn\v AXp-

sIm≠v F∂ A¿∞w sImSp-°-Ww. ]sXmkv ]d-

bp∂p. \nßƒ am\-km-¥-c-s∏´p \nß-fpsS ]m]-ßƒ

tamNn-®-Xp-sIm≠v Hmtcm-cp-Ø≥ tbip-In-kvXp-

hns‚ \ma-Øn¬ kv\m\w Gev∏n≥.'' Ah¿

]m]£ e`n-∏m≥ kv\m\-s∏-S-W-sa∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xn-

s\-°mƒ, am\-km-¥-c-Øn-eqsS ]m]-£a e`n-®-Xp-

sIm≠v Ah¿ kv\m\-s∏-S-W-sa∂mWv ]d-bp-∂-Xv.

At∏m. ]hr. 2:38 t\mSp≈ _‘-Øn¬ hymJym-Xm-

°ƒ°v Xnc-s™-Sp-∏n-\p≈ Ah-Im-i-ap-≠v. a‰p≈


47 ain-l-bpsS `qan-bnse ipiq-jbpw cmP-Xzhpw AwKo-I-cn-∏m≥ P\-ßsf Hcp-°p-hm-\mWv tbml-∂m≥ kv\m\w\S-Øn-b-Xv. Hcp cmPy-sa∂ \ne-bn¬, Ck-tb¬ tbip-hns‚ BZy-h-c-hn¬ Ahs‚ temI-`-cWw \ncm-I-cn-®p.AtXmsS tbml-∂ms‚ kv\m\-Øn-eq-sS-bp≈ Hcp-°¬Ah-km-\n-®p. InkvXob kv\m\w tbml-∂m-\n¬ \n∂phn`n-∂-amb tbip-hns‚ ac-Ww, AS-°w, ]p\-cp-∞m\wCh-bpsS GIo- m-hm-Wv.

163

thZ`m-K-ßƒ°v hn]-co-X-ambpw Ah-bn¬ \n∂v

th¿Xn-cn®pw hymJym-\n-°mw. As√-¶n¬ \oXn-]q¿∆-

amb (Xm-c-X-tay\ hfsc Ipd-hv) \ne-bn¬ ""th≠n''

F∂ hm°n\p A¿∞w \¬Imw. hnizm-k-Øm¬

amXw F∂ ]am-W-hp-ambn tbmPn-°p∂ Xc-Øn-

ep≈ c≠m-asØ hymJym-\-amWv DØaw. 48 F∂m¬

th≠n (eis for) F∂ ]tbmKe£y-sØbpw ^e-

sØ-bp-amWv Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂-sX∂v Hcmƒ \n¿t±-

in-®m¬ At∏mgpw Cu hmIysØ hnizm-k-Øm¬

amXw c£ F∂ \ne-bn¬ hymJym-\n-°p-hm≥

Ignbpw ""]m]-tam-N-\-Øn\p am\-km-¥cw'' Bh-iy-

am-sW∂p Hcmƒ a\- n-em-°-Ww. At∏m. ]hr. 2 --

˛s‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ am\-km-¥cw F∂p-≈Xv tbip-

hns\ sX‰mbn ain-sl-bmbn°≠psIm≠v sIm∂

sX‰ns\ Hm¿Øv ]›mØ]n-°-Ww. F∂n v Ahs\

I¿Ømhpw c£n-Xm-hp-ambn kzoI-cn-°-Ww (A-t∏m.

]h. 2:23, 26 ImWpI). Aßs\-bp≈ am\-km-¥cw

kv\m\-Øn-\p≈ tbmKy-X-bmWv. amX-a√ AXv c£

\¬Ip-∂-Xp-am-Wv. ChnsS DØcw \¬I-s∏´ IrXy-

amb tNmZyw i≤n-°pI ""Rßƒ F¥p sNtø≠p''

ChsS shdpsX ""Rßƒ c£- ]m-]n-°p-hm≥ F¥p

sNtø≠p'' F∂p tNmZn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂n-√. InkvXp-

hns‚ sIme-]m-X-I-Øn¬ ]¶p-≈-h-cpsS am\-km-¥-

chpw kv\m\hpw ssZh-Øn\p ]km-Z-I-c-am-sW∂p

]sXm-kns‚ DØ-c-Øn¬ \n∂p a\- n-em-°mw. c£-

bv°p≈ efn-X-amb hyhÿ kzoI-cn-°pI F∂

Bi-b-sØ-°mƒ A[nIw ]sXm-kns‚ DØ-c-Øn-

e-S-ßn-bn-cn-°-∂-Xmbn a\- n-em-°mw. tbip-In-kvXp-

hns‚ hy‡n-Xz-sØ-°p-dn®pw the-sb-°p-dn®pw Ah-

cpsS a\kn\p am‰w hc-W-sa∂pw Ah¿ kv\m\-s∏-

S-W-sa∂pw i≤n-°p-∂-h-sc-°p-dn®v ssZhw BK-ln-

°p-∂p. eis” F∂Xv A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv e£y-sØtbm

^e-sØtbm BsW-¶n¬ At∏m. ]h. 2:38˛¬

ImWp∂ am\-km-¥cw (kv\m-\-Øn-\p-≈) c£n-°p∂

LS-I-ambn°mW-Ww. As√-¶n¬ c£-bv°p- hn-

izmkw amXw aXn F∂p ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ 100 IW-°n\v

hmIy-ßƒ°v hncp-≤-ambn At∏m. ]hr. 2:38 hcpw.

Ch-bn¬ A[nIw ÿeØpw kv\m\-sØ-°p-dn®v ]d-

™n-´p-t]m-ep-an-√.

4. tdma¿ 6:3˛4

A√ tbip-In -kvXp -hn -t\mSp tNcp -hm≥

kv\m\w G‰-h-cmb \mw F√m-hcpw Ahs‚

ac-W-Øn¬ ]¶m-fn-I-fm-Ip-hm≥ kv\m\w G‰n-

cn-°p-∂p F∂p \nßƒ Adn-bp-∂n-√tbm?

Aßs\ \mw Ahs‚ ac-W-Øn¬ ]¶m-fn-I-

fm-bn-Øo¿∂ kv\m\-Øm¬ Ah-t\m-Sp-IqsS

Ipgn-®n-S-s∏´p. InkvXp acn-®n´p ]nXm-hns‚

aln-a-bm¬ Pohn-s®-gp-t∂-‰-Xp-t]mse \mapw

Pohs‚ ]pXp-°-Øn¬ \S-t°-≠-Xn\p Xs∂.

Hcmƒ°v Bfl- kv\m-\-sØ-°p-dn®v Adn-bn-s√-¶n¬

Cu thZ- m-K-sØ-°p-dn®v Bi-b-°p-g∏w D≠m-Ipw.

Pe-kv\m-\-Øn\p hn]-co-X-ambn InkvXp Bflm-hn-

\m¬ kv\m\w Ign-∏n-°p-sa∂p tbml-∂m≥ kv\m\-

]I≥ ]h-Nn®p (a-Øm. 3:11; a¿t°m. 1:8; eqt°m.

3:16; tbml. 1:33). At∏m. ]hrØn-bpsS Bcw- -Øn¬

InkvXp Xs‚ injy-∑m-tcmSp Bfl-kv\m-\-Øn\p

ImØn-cn-°p-hm≥ ]d-bp∂p (A-t∏m. ]h. 1:5). At∏m.

]hr. 11:15˛16 ¬ ImWp∂ At∏m-kvX-e-\mb ]sXm-

kns‚ ]kvXm-h-\-bn¬ \n∂v Bfl-kv\m\w s]¥n-

t°m-kvXn¬ \S-∂-Xmbn ImWmw (A-t∏m. ]hr. 2).

Bfl-kv\m-\-Øn-eqsS Hcmƒ InkvXp-hn-t\mSp tNcp-

∂-Xmbn ]utemkv hni-Zo-I-cn-°p∂p (1 sImcn. 12:13).

""F√m-hcpw'' F∂ ]tbm-K-Øn-eq-sSbpw InkvXp-hn-

t\mSp tNcp-tºmƒ Bfl-kv\m\w \S-°p-∂-Xn-eq-

sSbpw c£n-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ hnizmkn Bflm-hn-\m¬

kv\m\-s∏-Sp∂p F∂p hy‡-am-Wv. AXm-bXv,

InkvXp-hns\ c£n-Xm-hmbn hniz-kn-°p-tºmƒ

Bfl-kv\m-\-Øm¬ InkvXp-hn-t\m-Sp-IqsS tNcp-

Ibpw InkvXp-hns‚ Iqip ac-W-Øn-s‚bpw ]p\-cp-

∞m-\-Øn-s‚bpw F√m ]tbm-P-\-ß-fpw A\p- -hn-°p-

Ibpw sNøp-∂p. ""InkvXp-hn¬'' Bbn-cn-°p∂ F√m

hnizm-kn-I-fp-ambn Hcp _‘w D≠m-Ip-Ibpw sNøp-

∂p. Fs^. 4:5 ˛ ]utemkv ""kv\m\w H∂v'' F∂p

]d-bp-tºmƒ A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv Bfl-kv\m-\w Bbn-

cn°mw. ImcWw ""Pe-kv\m\w'' F∂ ]Xo-I-Øn\p

hn]-co-X-a-ambn CXv Hcmsf InkvXym-\n-bm-°p-∂p. Pe-

kv\m-\-sØ-°mƒ IqSp-X¬ ]m[m\yw Bfl-kv\m-

\-Øn\p ssZh-h-N\w \¬Ip-∂p F∂p-≈Xv X¿°-

a‰ hkvXp-X-bm-Wv. hnizm-k-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-

emWv Bfl-kv\m\w kw -hn-°p-∂Xv (A≤ymbw 10

ImWp-I). Pe-kv\m-\-sØ-°mƒ A[nIw hkvXp-

XIƒ Bfl-kv\m-\-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ ssZh-h-

N-\-Øn¬ ImWmw. AXp-t]mse Bfl-kv\m-\-Øn\p

Pe-kv\m-\-sØ-°mƒ IqSp-X¬ ]m[m\yw \¬In-bn-

cn -°p -∂p. Pekv\m\w ]Xo -I -am -bn -cn -°p∂

bmYm¿∞y-amWv Bfl-kv\m-\w.


48 kv\m\-Øn-eq-sS-bp≈ ho≠pw P\\w ]Tn-∏n-°mØthsdbpw hni-Zo-I-c-W-ßƒ At∏m. ]h. 2:38 Ipdn-®p-≠v.hnizm-k-Øns‚ Hcp ]Xo-I-amWv kv\m\w Bb-Xn-\m¬,]oU\w \nd™ ]pXnb\nbahyh-ÿ-I-fn¬ t]mepw HcpAhn-izm-knsb kv\m\-s∏-Sp-Øp-Itbm Hcp hnizmknkv\m\-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°p-Itbm sNbvXn- n-√( CXn\p kam-¥-c-amb bp‡n ASn-°p-dn∏v 49˛¬ ImWmw. ]tXy-In®v XSn®A£-c-Øn¬ Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂ `mK-ßƒ. As√-¶n¬tbml-∂m≥ 3:5 s\°p-dn®v apºp ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ hni-Zo-I-c-W-ß-fnepw ImWmw).

164

tdma. 6:3˛4 thZ- mKw ]e \ne-bn¬ hymJym-\n-°mw.

BZy-ambn c£bv°v kv\m\w Bh-iy-am-sW-∂ \ne-

bn¬ hymJym-\n -°m≥ Hcmƒ°v Ign -bpw. Cu

hymJym\w ssZh-h-N-\-ßƒ ]c-kv]c hncp-≤-am-

°p∂p. CXv Bfl-kv\m-\-sØ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p∂p

F∂p-≈-XmWv c≠m-asØ am¿§w. InkvXp-hns\

c£n-Xm-hmbn hniz-kn-°p-tºmƒ, hniz-kn-°p∂

hy‡nsb I¿Øm-hns‚ acWw Db¿sØ-gp-t∂ev∏v

Ch-bpsS ]tbm-P-\-ßƒ°v Bfl-kv\m\w ]¶m-fn-

bm-°p-∂p. CXv ssZh-h-N-\- m-K-ßsf XΩn¬ tbmPn-

∏n-°p∂p F∂p amX-a√ Bfl-kv\m-\-tØmSpw

_‘n-∏n-°p∂p. 1 sImcn. 12:13- ¬ ]utemkv Bfl-

kv\m-\-Øn-eqsS hnizm-kn InkvXp-hp-ambn H∂m-bn-

Øo-cp∂p F∂p ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. Hcp ]t£ tdma. 6:

3˛4 thZ-`mKw hnizm-knsb InkvXp-hns‚ ac-W-

tØmSpw ]p\-cp-∞m-\-tØmSpw tN¿°p∂ Xc-Øn-

epff kv\m\-sØ-°p-dn-®m-bn-cn°mw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

tdma. 6:3˛4 Pe-kv\m-\-sØ-°mƒ Bfl-kv\m-\-tØm-

Sm-bn-cn°pw _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv. 49

5. sImsem. 2:11˛12

Ah-\n¬ \nßƒ InkvXp-hns‚ ]cn-t—-Z-\-

bm¬ PU-i-cocw Dcn-™p-I-f-™-Xn-\m¬

Xs∂ ssIs°m-≠-√msX ]cn-t—-Z-\bpw

e`n®p. kv\m\-Øn¬ \nßƒ Ah-t\m-Sp-IqsS

AS-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw Ahs\ acn-®-h-cpsS CS-bn¬

\n∂p Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev∏n® ssZh-Øns‚

hym]m-c-i-‡n-bn-ep≈ hnizm-k-Øm¬ Ah-t\m-

Sp-IqsS \nßfpw Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp.

inip-kv\m\w aqew hos≠-Sp-∏p-s≠∂p hniz-kn-°p-

∂-h¿ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ Hcp thZ- m-K-am-Wv. k`m kwhn-

[m-\-Øns‚ ]q¿Æ-amb ]pXpa hnth-Nn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xn¬

]cm-P-b-s∏´ Ah¿ ]gb \nb-a-Ønse ]cn-t—-Z-

\bv°p ]I-c-amWv inip-kv\m-\-sa∂p hniz-kn-°p∂p.

inip-kv\m\w hN-\-hn-cp-≤-am-b-Xp-sIm≠v ]cn-t—-Z-

\bv°p ]I-c-ambn ssZhw \¬In-b-Xm-Wv inip -kv\m-

\-sa∂p hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿°v \¬Im-\p≈ GI ""sXfn-

hmWv''. sImsem. 2:11˛12 ˛ ¬ hcp-tºmƒ, ]cn-t—-Z\

F∂p-≈n-SØv Pe-kv\m\w F∂p Nn¥n-°p-hm≥ Imc-

W-amb Hcp KqV-amb ÿm\-ap-≠v.

F∂m¬ Bfl-kv\m-\sØ°p-dn®vv ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse

Xs∂ ssZh-h-N\w BflnI ]cn-t—-Z-\-sb-°p-dn®pw

]d-™n-cn-°p∂p (Im-WpI Bh. 10:16; 30:6; bnsc. 4:

4; 9:25˛26; sbl. 44:7˛9; tdma. 2:26˛29, ^nen. 3:3).

hnizm-kn-bpsS Pohn-X-Øn-ep≈ PU-Øns‚ \nb-¥-

WsØ \o-°p-∂-Xns\ ImWn-°p-hm≥ D]-tbm-Kn-

°p∂ Hcp Be-¶m-cn-I-amb ]tbm-K-amWv ""BflnI

]cn-t—Z\.'' tdma. 6:3˛4 A\p-k-cn®v Bfl-kv\m\w

aqew hnizmkn InkvXp-hns‚ ]p\-cp-∞m\Poh\p

]¶m-fn-bm-Ip-∂p. XpS¿∂v, hnizm-kn-bpsS Pohn-XsØ

Hgn-®p-Iq-Sm-\m-hmsX \nb-¥n-°p-∂ P-U-Øns‚ \nb-

¥-WsØ Hgn-hm-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v ]d-bp-∂p.

acWw A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv th¿]m-Sn-s\-bm-Wv. Bfl-

kv\m-\-Øn-eqsS \mw InkvXphnt\m-Sp-IqsS a-cn-®p-

I-gn-™n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ ""]m]-P-U-Øns‚''

Hgn-®p-Iq-Sm-\m-hmØ \nb-¥-W-Øn¬ \n∂p-ff

th¿]mSpw Bh-iy-amWv (tdm-a. 6:6).

sImsem. 2:11˛¬ ]utemkv BflnI ]cn-t—-Z-

\sb∏‰n-bmWv ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv. A√msX B£-

cnI ]cn-t—-Z-\-sb-∏-‰n-b-√. "ssIsIm-≠-√mØ

]cn-t—-Z\' F∂p ]utemkv ]d-bp-tºmƒ, Imcyw

G‰hpw hy‡-am-°p-I-bm-Wv. IqSp-X-embn tdma¿


49 tdma¿ 6:3˛4 ˛ ¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ kv\m\w Bfl-kv\m-\-am-sW∂p Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ ap≥K-W\ \¬Ip-tºmgpw]utemkv A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv Pe-kv\m-\-am-sW∂v Hcmƒ°va\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-™mepw, c£bv°v Pe-kv\m\wBh-iy-am-sW∂v A\p-am-\n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bn-√. hnhm-ln-X-\mb hy‡n°p hnhm-l-tam-Xncw t]mse-bm-Wv hniz-kn-°p-∂h\v Pe-kv\m\w: AXv Hcp _‘-Øns‚ ]Xo-I-amWv. hnhmlw Ign-®mepw hnhm-l-tam-Xncw AWn-bm-Xn-cn-°p-hm-\p≈ km[y-X-bp-≠v. AXp-t]mse hnhmlw Ign-®n-s√-¶nepw tamXncw AWn-bp-hm\pw CS-bp≠v (c-£n-°-s∏-SmsX kv\m\-s∏-Sm\pw CS-bp-≠v). Fß-s\-bm-bmepwhnhm-l-tam-Xn-c-ßƒ ]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn hnhm-lsØ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂p. hnizm-k-an-√msX kv\m\-s∏- -h-sc-°p-dn®pAt∏m-kvX-e-\mb ]utem-kn\p Xs‚ Ime-L-´-Øn¬

Nn¥n-°p-hm≥ t]mepw Ign-™n-cp-∂n-√. Hcmƒ In-kvXym-\n-bm-bm¬ ^ew ]oU-\-am-bn-cp-∂p. icn-bm-bn´p hniz-kn-®n-cp-∂-h¿ amXsa kv\m\w Bh-iy-s∏- n-cp-∂p≈q. AXp-t]mse icn-bm-bn´v hnizm-k-Øn¬ h∂-h¿ kv\m\wths≠∂p ]d-bp-∂Xpw ]utem-kn\p k¶-ev]n-°p-hm≥t]mepw Ign-™n-cp-∂n√ (C∂pw Hcp hnizmkn Pe-kv\m\wths≠-∂p shbv°p-hm-\p-ff \ymb-amb Imc-W-ßƒ hfscZp¿√- -am-Wv). ]utem-kns\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw kv\m\-s∏´ Ahn-izm-kntbm kv\m\-s∏-SmØ hnizm-kntbm Akw--hy-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v Hcp hnhm-l-tam-Xn-c-sØ-°mƒ

Dd-∏mb AS-bm-f-am-bn-cp∂p hnizm-k-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ kv\m\w. tdma. 6:3˛4 Bfl-kv\m-\-tØmSv _‘-s∏´ thZ- m-K-ambn FSp-°p-∂n-s√-¶n¬ ]utemkv a\- n-em-°n-b-Xns‚ A¿∞w ]oU-\-Im-e-L- -ß-fn¬ ]pXnb\nba k`-bn¬ BN-cn® kv\m\ipiq-j-Iƒ hnizm-k-Øns‚ Dd-∏p≈ sXfn-hp-I-fm-bn-cp∂p. kv\m\w shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ hnizm-k-am-bn-cp∂p c£bv°p \nZm-\w. tdma.6 A\p-k-cn®v kv\m\-Øn-eqsS shfn-s∏-Sp∂ hnizmkw(kv\m-\-Øm¬ shfn-s∏´ hnizm-kw) InkvXp-hns‚ acWw,AS°w, ]p\-cp-∞m\w F∂n-h-bn-eqsS e`n-°p∂ ]tbm-P-\-ßƒ°p ]¶m-fn-I-fm-Ip-hm≥ Imc-W-am-Ip-∂p.

165

6˛sebpw sImsem-ky¿ 2˛sebpw ]Tn-∏n-°-ep-Iƒ

kam-¥-c-am-sW∂p hy‡-am-Wv. hnizm-kn-Iƒ InkvXp

hnt\mSp tNcp-Ibpw Ah-t\m-sSm∏w acn-°bpw

sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. ac-W-Øns‚ A¿∞w th¿]m-sS-

∂mWv, F∂m¬ AkvXn-Xz-Øn\p am‰w hcp-∂n√.

AXp-sIm≠v hnizm-kn-Iƒ ""PU-i-co-c-tØmSp'' acn-

®n-cn-°p-∂p. CXv ]m]w C√m-XmbnØocp∂p F∂

A¿∞-Øn-e√, ]m]-Øns‚ hmgvN C√m-sX-bm-°p-

I-bm-Wv. CXmWv BflnI ]cn-t—Z\. Ah-km-\-ambn,

InkvXp-hn-t\mSv tNcp-∂Xpw AXp \nan-Ø-ap-≠m-Ip∂

A\p-K-ßfpw ASn-ÿm-\-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv Bfl-kv\m-

\-Øn-emWv, A√msX Pe-kv\m-\-Øn-e√ F∂p

hy‡-am-Wv. sImsem. 2 Dw tdma¿ 6 Dw ]Tn-∏n-°p-

∂Xv H∂p Xs∂-bmWv (D-]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ kt¶X-

`mj hyXym-k-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p). Bfl-kv\m-\-Øm¬

InkvXp-hn-t\mSp tN¿∂-h¿ ]utemkv ]d-bp-∂Xv

A\p-k-cn®v sImsem-ky¿ 2 C]-Imcw BflnI ""]cn-

t—-Z\'' bneq-sSbpw tdma¿ 6 A\p-k-cn®v ]m]w

""kw_-‘n®v acn-°bpw''BWv sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu

c≠v Ae-¶m-c-]-tbm-K-ßfpw ]m]-Øns‚ \nb-¥-W-

Øn¬ \n∂p≈ hnSp-X-en-s\-bmWv ImWn-°p-∂-Xv.

sImsem. 12:11˛12 \p \¬Im-hp∂ GI hni-Zo-I-cWw

kv\m\-Øm¬ c£-bp-s≠∂p ]Tn-∏n-°m-\m-sW-¶n¬,

AXv ssZh-im-kvX]-c-amb ]£-]m-X-am-Wv. Hcp

kwhn-[m\w \ne-\n¿Ø-W-sa∂v BK-ln-°p-∂-bmƒ

AXn\p klm-b-I-c-ambn hymJym-\n-°p∂p (_m-°n-

bp≈ ssZh-h-N\`mK-ßsf AXn\p FXn-cm-°n-

bmepw). sImsem. 2:11˛12 thZ- m-K-Øns‚ G‰hpw

sa®-s∏´ hymJym\w Bfl-kv\m\w ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p

F∂m-Wv. hnizm-k-Øm¬ amXw c£ F∂p ]Tn-∏n-

°p∂ a‰p thZ- m-K-ß-fp-ambn CXv GIo- mhw D≠m-

°p-∂p. tdma¿ 6˛ambn hfsc hy‡-amb Hcp kam-

¥-c-ap-≠v. IqSmsX inip-kv\m-\-Ønt\m kv\m\-Øn-

eq-sS-bp≈ ho≠pw P\-\-Ønt\m bmsXmcp ASn-ÿm-

\-hp-an-√. Bfl-kv\m\w hnizm-k-tØmSp sXm´p-≠m-

Ip∂ ê-amWv. CXp-aqew InkvXp-hns‚ ac-W-

tØmSpw ]p\-cp-∞m-\- Poh-t\mSpw ]¶m-fnØw D≠m-

Ip-∂p. BflnI ]cn-t—-Z-\bpw CXv \¬Ip∂p. AXm-

bXv ]m]-Øns‚ Hgn-®p-Iq-Sm-\m-hmØ i‡nsb apdn-

®p-I-f-bp-∂p. sImsem . 2:12 s\ c£bv°v kv\m\w

Bh-iy-a√ F∂ Nn¥-bn¬ Pe-kv\m-\-Øn-\p≈

hmIy-ambn FSp-°pI F∂-XmWv AwKo-Im-c-tbm-Ky-

amb as‰mcp am¿§w. hnizm-kØns‚ Hcp AS-bm-f-

ambn ]utemkv Pe-kv\m-\sØ Icp-Xp-∂p. kv\m\-

Øm¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏´ hnizmkw InkvXp-hns‚

acW ]p\-cp-∞m-\-Øns‚ ]tbm-P-\-ßƒ A\p- -

hn-°p-hm≥ ASn-ÿm-\-am-Ip-∂p. kv\m\-Øm¬ shfn-

s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏´ hnizmkw Pohn-X-Øn-t∑-ep≈ amen-\y-

ß-fpsS \nb-¥-W-ß-fn¬ \n∂p≈ tamN-\-Øns‚

ASn-ÿm-\-am-Ip-∂p. AXm-bXv BflnI ]cn-t—-Z\

(tdm-a. 6˛s‚ kam-¥-c-amb hymJym\w ImWp-hm≥

ASn-°p-dn∏v 49 ImWp-I).

6. 1 ]sXmkv 3:21

AXp kv\m\-Øn\v Hcp ap≥Ip-dn. kv\m\tam

Ct∏mƒ PU-Øns‚ Agp°p If-bp-∂-Xm-bn-

´√ ssZh-tØmSp \√ a\- m-£n-°m-bp-ff

At]-£-bmbn´sX tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ ]p\-

cp-∞m-\-Øm¬ \sΩbpw c£n-°p∂p.

GI-tZ-i-amb Ko°v ]Z-I-a-Øn¬ Cu hmIy-Øns‚

B£-cnI ]cn-`mj ImWn-°p-∂Xv _p≤n-ap-´p-≈

kv]jvS-a-√mØ Hcp ]kvXm-h-\-bm-bn- m-Wv. hy‡hpw

Bh¿Øn-°p-∂-Xp-amb thZ- m-K-ßsf ASn-ÿm-\-s∏-

Sp-Øn-bm-hWw D]-tZiw ÿm]n-°p-hm≥. F∂p Xs∂-

b√, _p≤n-ap- p≈ thZ- m-K-ßsf hymJym-\n-°p-hm≥

Ffp-∏-ap≈ ]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ klm-bn°pw. 150 e[nIw

-hy-‡-amb thZ- m-K-ßsf 1 ]sXm. 3:21 \p XInSw

adn-°phm≥ Ign-bp-sa∂ \n¿_-‘_p≤n ]nSn-°p-∂Xv

Zp¿hmin amX-am-Wv.

H∂m-a-Xm-bn, ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ \n∂p i≤n-°p-I.

]sXmkv t\ml-bpsS Pe-]-f-b-Øn-se -sh-≈w Pe-

kv\m-\-hp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I-bm-Wv. t\mlsb

Pew c£n-®n-√. F∂m¬ s]´-I-Øn\p km[n-®p.

t\mlsb s]Íw c£n-®p. IqSmsX ]fbPe-Øn-

eqsS t\ml IS-∂p-t]m-bn. ]f-b-Ønse Pew ]tXm-

kns\ Pe-kv\m-\w Hm¿Ω-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. BZn-a-k-`-

bn¬ kv\m\-s∏-SmØ hnizmkn Fs∂m∂p-≠m-bn-cp-

∂n-√. InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-ksØ IrXy-ambpw

Hgn-®p-Iq-Sm-sXbpw kv\m\w ]n¥p-S¿∂n-cp-∂p. ]tXm-

kns‚ Xmc-XayNn¥\w GXm≠v CXp-t]mse Bbn-

cn-°mw. ""t\ml s] -I-Øn-eqsS c£-]m-]n®p shf-

f-Øn-eqsS IS-∂p-t]m-b-Xp-t]m-sebpw \nßfpw

tbipIn-kvXp-hn-\m¬ c£-]m-]n®v sh≈-Øn-eqsS

IS-∂p-t]m-bn-cn-°p∂p''. 1 ]sXm. 3:21 kv\m\-Øn-eq-

sS-bp≈ ho≠pwP\-\sØ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°msX

Xs∂, ]fbP-e-Øn-eqsS t\ml c£ ]m-]n-°p-∂-

Xn-s\bpw hnizm-kn-Iƒ kv\m\-P-e-Øn-eqsS c£-t\-

Sp-∂-Xn-s\bpw XΩn¬ Xmc-Xayw sNøp-hm≥ I-gn-bpw.

ASp-Ø-Xmbn, kv\m\w c£n-°p-sa∂p ]sXmkv ]d-

bp∂-∂-Xmbn Hcn-°epw hymJym-\n-°p-hm≥ ]mSn-s√-

∂p-≈Xn∂p ]m[m\yw sImSp-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. kv\m\w

c£n-°p-sa∂p B-e¶m-cnI A¿∞-Øn¬ ]sXmkv

]d-bp-∂-Xm-bn v FSp-°p-∂Xv \nb-am-\p-k-c-W-am-Wv.


166

CS°p tN¿Øn-cn-°p∂ ]Z-ß-sfms° am‰n-bm¬

Be¶m-cn-I-amb A¿∞-Øn¬ kv\m\w c£n-°p-

sa∂p ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv InkvXp-hns‚ ]p\-cp-∞m-

\-tØmSp tN¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p. InkvXp-hns‚ ac-W-

tØmSpw ]p\-cp-∞m-\-tØmSpw tNcp-∂-Xn-s\-bmWv

kv\m\w ]Xn-^-en-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. sh≈-Øn¬ \n∂p

Db¿∂p hcp-tºmƒ InkvXp-hns‚ ]pXp-Po-hs‚ ]¶p-

Im-c-\m-bn-Øo¿∂p F∂p ]Xn-^-en-∏n-°p-∂p. Cu

Be-¶m-c-Øns‚ ]n∂n-ep≈ bmYm¿∞yw Bfp-Isf

c£n-°p-∂p. Bfl-kv\m-\-Øn¬ hnizmkn InkvXp-

hns‚ ac-W-Øns‚ ]tbm-P-\-ßƒ A\p- -hn-°p-Ibpw

InkvXp-hns‚ ]p\-cp-∞m\Pohs‚ ]¶p-Im-cm-Ip-

Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Cu InkvXp-hns‚ ]p\-cp-∞m\

Poh≥ A\p- -hn-°p-∂-Xns\ kv\m\w c£n-°p-sa∂p

]sXm-kn\p ]d-bp-hm≥ Ign-bpw.

Ah-km-\-ambn ]sXmkv hmIy-Øns‚ CS-bn¬

\¬In-bn-cn-°p∂ ]Z-]-tbm-K-ßƒ aqew kv\m\w aqe-

ap≈ ho≠pw P\-\-amWv ChnsS A¿∞-am-°p-∂-

sX∂v Xs‚ hmb-\-°m¿ sX‰n-≤-cn-°-cp-sX∂pw BK-

ln-°p-∂p. kv\m\w aqew c£n-°-s∏-Sm-sa∂p Xm≥

]d-bp-∂-Xns‚ A¿∞sØ Xm≥ Xs∂ tbmKy-am-

°p∂p. ico-c-Øns‚ Agp°v If-bp∂ B£cn-I-amb

Igp-I-e√ c£bv°v ASn-ÿm-\w. ]ns∂tbm lrZ-b-

ip-≤o-I-c-W-Øn-\mbn ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ At]-£-bmWv

c£bv°v Imc-W-am-Ip-∂-Xpw, kv\m\-Øn-\p≈

A¿lX \¬Ip-∂Xpw. PU-Øns‚ BNm-c-]-c-amb

ip≤o-I-cWw c£ \¬Ip-hm≥ ]cym-]vX-a-√. I¿Øm-

hmb tbip-InkvXphns‚ c‡-Øm¬ ]m]-Øn¬

\n∂p ip≤o-I-cWw Xtc-W-sa-∂p≈ At]-£-bmWv

c£bv°pw kv\m\-Øn-\p-ap≈ icn-bmb ASn-ÿm\w.

1 ]sXm. 3:21- ¬ Pe-kv\m-\w, hnizm-k-Øm¬ InkvXp-

hns‚ Poh\p ]¶m-fn-bmbnØocp-∂-Xns\ Be-¶m-cn-

I-ambn ]Xn- -en-∏n-°p-∂p. IqSmsX Pe-kv\m-\-Øn-

e-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ c£-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ GI-L-SIw

ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ ip-≤o-I-c-W-Øn-\m-bp≈ (In-kvXp-

hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-Øm¬) At]-£-bm-Wv. CXv Hcp

hy‡nsb kv\m\-Øn\p tbmKy-\m-°p-∂p. AXp-

sIm≠v, 1 ]sXm. 3:21 A\p-k-cn®v hnizm-k-Øm-ep≈

c£sb X≈n-∏-d-bp-hm-t\m, kv\m\-Øm-ep≈ ho≠pw-

P-\-\sØ ÿm]n-°p-hmt\m bmsXmcp A[n-Im-c-

hpan-√.

7. tbml-∂ms‚ kv\m\hpw c£bpw

tbml-∂ms‚ kv\m\hpw c£bpw XΩn¬ At\Iw

ssZh-h-N-\m-≤ym]-Icpw IrXy-amb hyXymkw shbv

°m-dp-≠v. tbml-∂ms‚ kv\m\w Hcp-°-Øn-\p-≈Xpw

`mhnsb t\m°n-bp-≈-Xp-am-Wv. cmPm-hns\ kzmKXw

sNøp-hm≥ P-\-ßsf Hcp-°pI F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p

AXns‚ e£yw. InkvXo-b-kv\m\w `qX-Im-esØ

Hm¿∏n-°p-∂p. InkvXp-hns‚ acWw, AS°w, ]p\-

cp-∞m\w F∂n-h-tbmSp GIo-`-hn-°p-∂-Xns\ CXv

ImWn-°p∂p (tdm-a. 6: 3˛4 ]mtbm-KnI Xe-Øn¬).

InkvXp Xs‚ henb Iev]\ \¬Inb ka-b-ØmWv

InkvXob kv\m\w ÿm]n-®Xv (a-Øm. 28:18˛20).

hy‡-am-bn InkvXp-hns‚ acWw, AS-°w, ]p\-cp-

∞m-cWw Chsb ]Xn- -en-°p∂ Hcp A\p-jvTm\w

Iqio-I-c-W-Øn\pw ]p\-cp-∞m-c-W-Øn\pw apºv

ÿm]n-°p-I-bn-√. AXp-sIm≠v InkvXob kv\m\-

Øn¬ \n∂p hn`n-∂-amWv tbml-∂ms‚ kv\m\w.

cmPm-hns\ \nc-kn-®-Xp-sIm≠v tbml-∂ms‚ kv\m\w

Fßpw A\p-h¿Øn-°p-∂n-√. c£bv°v kv\m\w

Bh-iy-am-sW∂p ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-h¿t]mepw tbml

∂m≥ kv\m]Is\∏‰nbp≈ thZ- m-K-ßƒ D]-tbm-

Kn-°m-dn-√. Aß-s\-bp-ff thZ- m-K-ßƒ Bi-b-°p-g-

∏-ßƒ krjvSn-°p-hm≥ Imc-W-am-Ip-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Cu

`mKØv Ah ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p.

""Rm≥ \nßsf am\-km-¥-c-Øn-\mbn sh≈w-

sIm≠p kv\m\w Ign-∏n-°p-∂p....'' (a-Øm. 3:11).

""tbml-∂m≥ h∂p acp- q-an-bn¬ kv\m\w Ign-

∏n®pw ]m]-tam-N-\-Øn-\m-bp≈ am\-km-¥c

kv\m\w ]kw-Kn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p (a¿t°m. 1:4).

Ah≥ tbm¿±m-\-cn-sI-bp≈ \m´n¬ Hs°bpw

h∂p ]m]-tam-N-\-Øn-\m-bp≈ am\-km-¥-c-

kv\m\w ]kw-Kn-®p (eq-t°m. 3:3).

""I¿Øm-hns‚ hgn Hcp-°p-hn≥'' F∂p≈ Blzm\w

]Tn-∏n-°p∂Xv Hcp-°p-I-sb-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p ASnÿm-

\-]-c-ambn tbml-∂ms‚ the. kmt¶-Xn-I-ambn

Ah≥ Xm≥Xs∂ ]m]-tam-N\w sIm≠p-h-cn-Itbm

\¬Ip-Itbm sNbvXn-cp-∂n√. ]m]-tam-N\w \¬Ip-

hm≥ Ign-hp≈ Hcp-hs‚ hc-hns\ km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp-

I-bm-bn-cp-∂p Ah≥ sNbvX-Xv. ""am\-km-¥-c-s∏-Sp-

hm≥'' P\-ßsf Ah≥ Blzm\w sNbvXp. AXm-

bX,v Ah-cpsS a\- n\p am‰w D≠m-IWw. aio-l-

tbmSpw Ahs‚ thK-Øn-ep≈ hc-hn-t\mSpw blqZy-

bnse P\-ßƒ°v a\w-am‰w D≠m-I-Ww. cmPm-hns\

AwKo-I-cn-°m≥ Ah¿ am\-kn-I-amb am‰-Øn\p hnt[-

b-cmbn Hcp-ß-Ww. ""]m]-tam-N-\-Øn-\m-bp≈ am\-km-

¥c kv\m\w'' F∂p-]-d-bp-tºmƒ, P\-ßƒ tbml-

∂ms‚ kv\m\w aqew kzb-tah c£n-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂v

A¿∞-am-t°-≠-Xn√. ""th≠n'' F∂ hm°ns‚

A¿∞w ""C∂ Dt±-iy-tØmsS'' F∂pw FSp-°m-hp-


167

∂-Xm-Wv. (ASpØ h¿jw Hcp _ncpZw e-`n-°p-∂-

Xn\mbn´mWp am¿°v. AXm-bXv ASpØ h¿jw

_ncpZw e`n-°pI F∂ Dt±-iy-tØm-sS). tbml-∂m≥

kv\m]-I≥ P\-ß-tfmSp am\-km-¥-c-s∏-S-hm≥ ]d-

bp∂p (aiol-bpsS hc-hn-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ Ah-

cpsS Nn¥m-KXn amdWw). IqSmsX aiol Xs‚ hc-

hn¬ Ah¿°v \-evIp-hm≥ t]mIp∂ ]m]-tam-N\w

t\SpI F∂ Dt±-iy-tØmsS kv\m\-s∏-SWw. apI-

fn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ hmIyw Hcn-°epw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂n√

tbml-∂ms‚ kv\m\-Øn-\mbn ka¿∏n-°-s∏-´-h-

scms° kv\m\-k-a-bØp c£n-°-s∏- p-sh-∂v. cmPm-

hns\ kzoI-cn-°m≥ am\-kn-I-ambn Hcp-ßn-bh-scbpw

Xøm-dp-≈-h-sc-bp-amWv tbml-∂m≥ Cu ASn-ÿm-

\-Øn¬ kv\m\-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv kv\m\-s∏-Sp-I-bn¬

cmPmhp hcp-tºmƒ Ahs\ AwKo-I-cn -®mse

c£bpw ]m]-£-abpw e`n-°p-I-bp-≈q. cmPmhp hcp-

tºmƒ Ah≥ \¬Ip∂ ]m]-£a ]m]n-°p-hm≥ P\-

ßsf Hcp-°p-∂-Xn-\m-bn-cp-∂p tbml-∂ms‚ ]kw-

Khpw kv\m\-hpw. cmPmhv bnkm-tb-en¬ hcp-tºmƒ

Ahs\ AwKo-I-cn-®n-s√-¶n¬ hmKvZØw sNbvX

]m]£a e`n-°p-∂n-√. tbml-∂m≥ kv\m\-s∏-Sp-

Ønb Nne¿ ]n∂oSv ain-lm-bm-sW∂p≈ tbip-In-

kvXp-hns‚ Ah-Im-i-hm-ZsØ X≈n-°-f-bp-∂-h-cm-Wv.

Ah¿ kv\m\-s∏-´-Xp-sIm-≠v, Ah-cpsS kv\m\w

sIm≠p-amXw Ah¿ c£n-°-s∏-´n√ F∂-XmWv

kXyw (tbm-l. 3:5 s\∏‰n ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ Imcy-ßƒ

ImWp-I). apI-fn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ thZ-`m-K-ßƒ

Cßs\ ]cnh¿Ø\w sN-ømw.

\nß-fpsS am\-km-¥-cw- \nanØw Rm≥

\nßsf sh≈w-sIm≠p kv\m\-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p

(A-Xm-bXv hcp∂ cmPm-hns\ kzoI-cn-°p-hm≥

Hcp-ß-s∏-´-hn[w Ah-cpsS Nn¥-bn¬ amXw

kw -hn-®-Xp-sIm≠v (a-Øm. 3:11). 50

cmPmhp \¬Ip-hm≥ t]mIp∂ ]m]-£-a-bpsS

ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬ tbml-∂m≥ kv\m-]-I≥ acp- q-

an-bn¬ h∂v am\-km-¥-c-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-

ep-≈- kv\m\w ]kw-Kn®p (a¿t°m. 1:4).

cmPmhp \¬Ip-hm≥ t]mIp∂ ]m]-£-a-bpsS

shfn-®-Øn¬ Ah≥ tbm¿±m-\-cn-sI-bp≈

\m´n¬ Hs°bpw h∂p am\-km-¥cw (A-Xm-

bXv hcp-hm-\p≈ aiolsb∏‰n Hcp a\w-am‰w

D≠m-°p-I) ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bp-ff kv\m\-

sØ-°p-dn®v ]kw-Kn-®p) (eqt°m. 3:3).

tbml-∂ms‚ ]h¿Ø\w ]q¿Æ-ambpw Hcp ]mX-

sbm-cp-°-embn ImWp-∂-XmWv icn-bm-b ImgvN-∏m-Sv.

Ah≥ Xs∂ ]m]-tam-N\w P\-ßƒ°v \¬In-bn-√.

Aß-s\-bp≈ ]m]tam-N\w \¬Ip-hm≥ hcp-tºmƒ,

P\-ßƒ Ahs\ kzoI-cn-°m≥ X°-hÆw am\-kn-

I-ambpw [m¿Ωn-I-ambpw a\w-Xn-cn™v Hcp-°-ap-≈-h-

cm-bn-°m≥ Ah≥ Blzm\w sNbvXp. tbml-∂ms‚

kv\m\w `mhn-bn¬ h-cp∂ cmPm-hn-s\bpw Ah≥

\evIp∂ ]m]-£-a-sbbpw kzoI-cn-°m-\p≈ Hcp-°-

sØ-bmWv ImWn-°p-∂-Xv. P\-ßsf c£n-Xm-hn-\mbn

Hcp-°p∂ \ne-bn¬ tbml-∂ms‚ kv\m\w c£-

tbmSp _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. F∂n-cp-∂mepw hmKvZØw

sNø-s∏´ ]m]-£a ]m]n-°-W-sa-¶n¬ cmPm-hns‚

hc-hn-\p-th≠n ImØn-cn-°-Ww. tbml-∂m≥ kv\m\-

Øm¬ c£-bv°p-th≠n Hcp°w \SØn. hnizm-k-

Øm¬ amX-ap≈ c£ InkvXp \¬In.

InkvXp `mhn-bn¬ \¬Ip∂ ]m]--£-a-bv°p-th-≠n-

bp≈ Hcp-°-Øn\p hn]-co-X-am-bn- mWv tbml-∂ms‚

ipiq-j-aqew ]m]-£a e`n-®p-sh∂pw Bsc-¶nepw

\n¿_‘w ]nSn-®m¬ Ah¿ Hm¿Øn-cn-t°≠ Imcyw,

Aß-s\-bp≈ ]m]-£a ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-

∂Xv am\-km-¥-c-sØ-bmWv, A√msX kv\m\-sØ-

b-√msb∂mWv.

tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-I≥ ]m]£a \¬In-sb¶n¬

AXv kv\m\-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øne√. ]ns∂tbm

am\-km-¥-c-Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn-em-Wv. F∂n-cp-∂mepw

tbml-∂m≥ Xs∂-Øm≥ ]m]-£a \¬Ip-I-

bns√∂p hn-iz-kn-°p-hm≥ hfsc \ymb-ß-fp-≠v.

aiol \¬Ip-∂ `mhn ]m]-£a kzoI-cn-°m≥ D≈-

Xmb Hcp-°-amWv Xs‚ kv\m\Øn-eqsS ]Xn- -en-

∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Ah-km-\am-bn, cmPm-hns\ X≈n-∏d-™-

Xp-aqew ""tbm l-∂m-s‚ kv\m\w'' ]tbm-KnIXe-

Øn¬ hcp-∂n-√. AXp-sIm≠v c£-bpsS hyh-ÿ-

bmbn kv\m\sØ ImWp-∂-Xn-\p≈ sXfn-hmbn

tbml-∂ms‚ kv\m\-sØ-∏‰n ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ thZ-

`mKßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn\p bmsXmcp ASn-ÿm-

\-hp-an-√.

H. c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v a\p-jy-cpsS apºn¬ tbip-

hns\ G‰p ]d-bp-I.

InkvXp-hns\ Bi-bn-°p-∂-Xn\v CS-\m-gn-bn-eqsS \S-


50 aØmbn 3:11 Cß-s\bpw ]cn- m-j-s∏-SpØmw ""am\-km-¥-c-s∏-Sp-ØpI F∂ Dt±-i-tØmsS Rm≥ \nßsf sh≈-Øn¬ kv\m\-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p.'' tbml-∂ms‚ kv\m\-Øn\papºp≈ GI hyhÿ am\-km-¥-c-s∏-SpI F∂m-sW∂pa\- n-em-°-Ww. Cu kv\m\w aqew IqSq-X¬ am\-km-¥cwD≠mIp-hm\pw IqsS-bm-Wv. Cu ]cn- mj 1 sImcn. 12:13t\mSp hfsc \∂mbn HØpt]mIp∂p. (tbm-l-∂m≥am\km¥-c-Øn-\mbn kv\m\-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p; InkvXp Bfl-kv\m-\-Øm¬ GIico-c-tØmSp tN¿°p∂p).

168

∂p-h-cp-hm≥ Blzm\w sNøp∂ coXn ssZh-h-N-\-

]-Im-c-a-≈tXm, C√m-ØtXm A√. CXv Iev]n-°p-

Itbm \ntcm-[n-°p-Itbm sNbvXn- n√. Cu kphn-ti-

jo-I-c-WcoXn-tbmSp k`-Iƒ°v hnhn[ A`n-]m-b-

ßƒ D≠v. Fß-s\-bm-bmepw ""ap≥t]m- p hcp-hm≥''

Bfp-I-fn¬ i‡n-bmb t]cW sNep-Øp-tºm-ƒ Hcp

henb sX‰p kw -hn-°p-hm-\p≈ A]-IS km[y-X-

bp-≠v.

ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬ c£ hnizm-k-Øm¬ amX-am-Wv.

""In-kvXp-hns\ ]c-ky-ambn G‰p ]d-bWw''F∂v GI

hyh-ÿbmb hnizm-k-tØmSv Hcmƒ Iq´n-t®¿°p-

tºmƒ, Abmƒ ""thsdmcp kphn-ti-j-amWv'' ]kw-

Kn-°p-∂-Xv. c£-bpsS Bh-iy-ambn ""tbip-hns\ ]c-

ky-ambn G‰p-]-d-bWw'' F∂p- Iq-Sn-t®¿°p-tºmƒ

km[m-c-W-bmbn ""e£yw am¿§sØ km[q-I-cn-

°p∂p'' F∂ at\m-`m-h-Øn-emWv sNøp-∂Xv.

A⁄X aqehpw Cßs\ kw -hn°mw AXn- m-hp-

IXzw \nd-™ kz`m-h-ßƒ, c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cpsS

FÆw FSp-°p-hm-\p≈ BKlw As√-¶n¬ ssZh-

h-N-\-Ønse ASn-ÿm\w IW-°n-se-Sp-°msX ]mc-

º-cysØ hna¿i-\m-Xo-X-ambn AwKo-I-cn-°p-I. c£n-

°-s∏-S-W-sa-¶n¬ ]c-ky-ambn km£n-°-W-sa∂p P\-

ß-tfmSp ]d-bp-tºmƒ ""Xocp-am-\-ßƒ'' e`n-°p-hm≥

th≠n ]kw-K-I¿ kΩ¿±w sN√p-Øp∂p. Fß-s\-

bm-bm-epw, InkvXp-hn¬ Bi-bn-°p-∂-Xn\p bmsXmcp

_p≤n-ap- p-an-√mØ km[p-hmb, ss[cyan√mØ Cu

tZlnsb ]-cn-K-Wn-°p-I, F∂m¬ Xnßn \nd™ k-

-bn¬ aptºm´p hcp-hm≥ th≠X ss[cy-an-√. Aß-

s\-bp-≈-h¿°v a\p-jy-\n¿Ωn-Xhpw sX‰p-\n-d-™-Xp-

amb hyhÿ c£-bv°p-th≠n ]kw-K-I≥ \¬In-

bn-cn-°p-∂p. CXv c£-bvs°-Xnsc D≠m-°p∂ IrXn-

a-amb XS- hpw ssZh-h-N\hncp-≤hpw k` AwKo-I-

cn-t°-≠mØXp-amWv. ]c-ky-amb G‰p ]d-®n¬

Akm-≤y-amb tlm´¬ apdn-bn¬ h®v ]pXnb-\n-baw

hmbn®v c£n-°-s∏-Sp-tºm-gpw, As√-¶n¬ Hcp im¥-

amb InS-∏p-ap-dn-bn¬ sh®v AΩ-tbm-sSm∏w Ccp∂v

hniz-kn-°p-tºmgpw c£ ]q¿Æ-ambn km[n-°p-∂nt√?

bYm¿∞ hnizm-k-an-√msX Xs∂ ]c-ky-amb G‰p

]d-®n¬ km[y-at√? c£bv°v ]c-ky-amb G‰p ]d-

®n¬ thW-sa-∂-Xn\v G‰hpw km[m-c-W-bmbn

sX‰mbn D]tbm-Kn-°p∂ `mK-amWv tdma. 10:9- 10 51

1. tdma. 10:9-, 10

tbip-hns\ I¿Øm-sh∂p hmbvsIm≠v G‰p-

]-d-bp-Ibpw, ssZhw Ahs\ acn-®-h-cn¬ \n∂v

Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev]n®p F∂p lrZ-bw-sIm≠v

hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ \o c£n-°-s∏Spw.

lrZbw sIm≠p \oXn-°mbn hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw

hmbvsIm≠p c£-bv°mbn G‰p-]-d-bp-Ibpw

sNøp∂p.

tdma¿ 10:9˛10 ˛¬ blq-Z-∑m-cpsS c£-bv°p-th-≠n-

bp-≈ hn[-Øns‚ DZm-l-cWw \¬Ip-I-bmWv ]utem

kv sNøp-∂Xv(tdm-a. 10:1 ImWp-I). tbiphns\

I¿Øm-sh∂p hmbvsIm≠p ]d-bp-∂Xpw ssZhw

Ahs\ acn-®-h-cpsS CS-bn¬ \n∂p Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-

ev]n®p F∂p lrZ-bw-sIm≠v hniz-kn-°p-∂Xpw Xm≥

D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ Ia-Øn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn

]utemkv ]d-bp-∂p. ssZh-h-N\w \√ \ne-bn¬

hymJym\n® hy‡nsb∂ \ne-bn¬, ]utemkv ssZh-

h-N-\-Øns‚ klm-b-tØmsS Xs‚ kphn-ti-jo-I-c-

W-Iaw icn-bm-sW∂p ÿm]n-°p∂p. ]g-b-\n-b-a-

Øn¬ \n∂p hmIyw 10˛s‚ ]›m-Øew sXfn-bn®p-

sIm≠v, hnizm-khpw G‰p-]-d-®nepw Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂Xv

icn-bmsW∂p ]utemkv ÿm]n-°p-∂p. ]p\-cp-∞m-

\-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p-hm-\p≈ Xs‚ Blzm\w icn-

bm-sW∂p hmIyw 11 sXfn-bn-°p-∂p. ""Ah-\n¬ hniz-

kn-°p-∂-h≥ Hcp-Ø\pw e÷n-®p-t]m-I-bn√'' F∂p

Xncp-sh-gp-Øn¬ Acp-fn-s®-øp∂p (sb-i. 28: 16).

XpS¿∂p hmIyw 13- ¬ tbip-hns\ I¿Øm-hmbn (A-

Xm-bXv ssZhw ain-l, bP-am-\≥ G‰p ]d-bp-hm-\p≈

Blzm-\-Øns‚ hN-\-]-c-amb sXfnhv \¬Ip-∂p.

hmIyw 13- ¬ tbmth¬ 2: 32 D≤-cn-®p-sIm≠v ""I¿Øm-

hns‚ \ma-sØ hnfn-®-t]-£n-°p∂ Gh\pw c£n-

°-s∏Spw'' F∂p ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. ]utem-kns‚

hmZw Npcp°n∏d-™m¬, ""Rm≥ blq-Z-∑m-tcmSv hniz-

kn-°p-hm≥ ]d-bp-I-bmWv. ImcWw, sbi. 28:16 A\p-

k-cn®v hnizmkw Bh-iy-am-Wv. AXp-t]mse G‰p

]d-bp-hm≥ Rm≥ ]d-bp-I-bmWv. ImcWw tbmth¬

2:32 \¬Ip∂ Blzm\w c£-bv°p-th≠n I¿Øm-

hns‚ \maw hnfn-®-t]-£n-°p-hm-\mWv''. hmIyw 13- ¬

]utemkv Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂ G‰p-]-d-®n-ens‚ coXn

\n¿h-Nn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv kq£va-ambn i≤n-°p-I.

I¿Øm-hns‚ \maw hnfn-®-t]-£n-°p∂ A¿∞-Øn-

emWv ""G‰p ]d-bp-hm≥'' Ah≥ Bfp-Isf D’m-ln-

∏n-®-Xv. Hcp ]m¿∞\mcq]-Øn¬ ssZh-tØmSp ]d-

bp∂ \ne-bn-ep-≈ Hcp G‰p]d-®n-emWv ]utemkv

Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. a\p-jy-cpsS apºn-ep-ff Hcp


51 ]c-ky-ambn Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°p-hm≥ Blzm\w sNøp∂B[p-\nIcoXn-tbmSp \mw ]cn-K-Wn-°p∂ thZ- m-K-ß-fp-

sS-sbm∂pw ]›m-Øew tbmPn-°p-∂n-√. CXp-Iq-SmsXNpcp°w Nne Bfp-Iƒ Cu ImgvN-∏m-Sns\ AXns‚bp‡n-]-c-amb A\-¥-c- -e-Øn¬ ImWp-Ibpw km£y-Øn-eqsS shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ c£ ASn-ÿm-\-am-°p-IbpwsNøp∂p

169

G‰p]d-®n-en-s\-°p-dn®v Ah≥ Nn¥n-°p-∂n-√.

tdma¿ 10:13 ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se tbip-hns\

I¿Øm-hmbn AwKo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw ]m¿∞-\-bn-eqsS

ssZhsØ hnfn-®-t]-£n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xn\v Xpey-

amWv tdma. 10:9 se G‰p-]-d-®n¬. Cu thZ- m-KsØ

hmZ-KXn hy‡-am-°p-∂Xv hmIyw 9 se G‰p-]-d-®n¬

]I-S-am-Ip-∂Xv I¿Øm-hns‚ \maw hnfn-®-t]-£n-°p-

∂-Xn-eq-sS-bmsW∂mWv (hmIyw 12˛13 ¬ ]d-™n-cn-

°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se). c£ t\Sp-∂Xn\p a\p-jy-cpsS

apºmsI G‰p-]-d-bp-hm≥ ]utemkv Xs‚ kl

blq-Z-∑m-tcmSv Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂n√. Ah≥ Ah-tcmSv

Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂Xv ssZh-tØmSp Hcp ]m¿∞-\-bn-

eqsS tbip-InkvXp Ah-cpsS I¿Øm-hm-sW∂p

(a-io-l) G‰p ]d-bp-hm-\mWv. c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-

Øns‚ G‰hpw ][m\ `mKw tbip-In-kvXp-hns\

ssZh-]p-X-\mbn AwKo-I-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Fß-s\-bm-

bmepw tdma¿ 10:9˛10 F∂ thZ- m-K-Øn\v ]c-kytam

cl-kytam Bb \ne-bn¬ a\p-jy-cpsS apºn-ep≈

G‰p ]d-®n-ep-ambn bmsXmcp _‘-hp-an√.

2. aØmbn 10:32˛33 & eqt°mkv 12:8˛9

a\p-jy-cpsS apºn¬ Fs∂ G‰p-]-d-bp∂ Gh-

s\bpw kz¿§-ÿ-\mb Fs‚ ]nXm-hns‚

apºn¬ Rm\pw G‰p-]-dbpw. a\p-jy-cpsS

apºn¬ Fs∂ X≈n-∏-d-bp-∂-h-s\tbm Fs‚

]nXm-hns‚ ap-ºn¬ Rm\pw X≈n-∏-d-bpw

(a-Øm. 10:32- 33).

a\p-jy-cpsS apºn¬ Bsc-¶nepw Fs∂ G‰p-

]-d-™m¬ Ahs\ a\p-jy-]p-X\pw ssZh-Zq-

X-∑m-cpsS apºmsI G‰p ]dbpw. a\p-jycpsS

apºn¬ Fs∂ X≈n-∏-d-bp-∂-hs\ ssZh-Zq-X-

∑m-cpsS apºn¬ X≈n-∏-dbpw (eqt°m. 12:8˛9).

aØmbn 10:32 Dw eqt°m. 12:8 Dw BWv c£bv°v

]c-ky-amb G‰p-]-d-®n¬ Bh-iy-am-Wv F∂p ÿm]n-

°p-hm≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ thZ- m-K-ßƒ. a‰p thZ- m-

K-ß-fn¬ \n∂p th¿s]-Sp-Øn-°-≠m¬ Cu thZ- m-K-

ßsf Aßs\ hymJym-\n-°mw. AXns‚ ]cn-Wn-X-

^ew c£- hn-izm-k-Øm¬ amX-amWv F∂p shfn-

s∏-Sp-Øp∂ 150- ¬ A[nIw thZ- m-K-ßƒ°v FXn-

cmbnØocp-I-bmWv.

a‰p thZ-`m-K-ß-tfmSp s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ \ne-bn¬

I¿Øm-hns‚ Cu ]kvXm-h-\-Isf ImWp-tºmƒ

""hnizm-k-Øm¬ amXw''-F∂ \ne-]mSv \ne-\n-ev°p-

sa∂p amX-a√ ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ sX‰n-√m-bvabpw

shfn-s∏-Sp-∂p. aØm. 10:32, eqt°m. 12:8 F∂o thZ-

`m-K-ß-sf-°p-dn®v Xmsg∏d-bp∂ ImgvN-∏m-Sp-I-fn¬

GXmWv IrXy-am-b-sX-∂p≈Xv BXy-¥nI ]m[m-\y-

ap-≈-X-√. F√m thZ- m-K-ß-sfbpw sFIy-s∏-SpØn

""hnizm-k-Øm¬ amXw'' (Sola fide) F∂ \ne]m-Sns\

]n≥Xp-W®v ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ sX‰n-√m-bvabpw

ImØp kq£n-°p∂ hymJym-\-ßƒ°mWv ][m-\-

s∏´ ÿm\w. Cu hymJym-\-ß-fn¬ GsX-¶nepw Cu

c≠p thZ-`m-K-ßƒ ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬ ]c-kv]-c-

sshcp≤yw D≠m-°p-∂-Xn¬ ap≥K-W\ \¬In-bn-

´pt≠m. AXns‚ km[y-X-Iƒ Ct∏mƒ N¿®- sN-ømw.

a. At∏m-kvX-enIho£Ww

hnizmkw amXw F∂p ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ 150 e[nIw thZ-

`m-K-ßfpw aØmbn 10:32 Dw, eqt°m. 12:8˛9 Dw XΩn¬

tbmPn-∏n-°p-hm-\p≈ Hcp hgn Cu hm°p-Iƒ Btcm-

Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂pthm Ah-tcmSp

amXw _‘-s∏-Sp∂p F∂p ]Tn-∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv. apJy-

ambpw At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-tcmSv _‘-s∏´p ]d-™n-cn-

°p∂ kam-¥c thZ-`m-K-ß-fp-ap≠v (a-Øm. 10:1˛2,

eqt°m. 12 ""BZyw injy-∑m-tcmSv-'') At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿

kz¿§-cmPyw tLmjn-°p-∂Xv (a-Øm. 10:7), bnkm-

tb-en-t\mSp amXw (a-Øm. 10:6). Cu ap∂-dn-bn∏v ]¥-

≠p-t]¿°p amXw D≈-Xm-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬, bqZm Ckv°-

cy-tbm-Ømbv°pw tbip-In-kvXp-hns\ G‰p ]d-bp-∂-

Xn-eq-sStbm \nc-kn-°p-∂-Xn-eq-sStbm D≠m-Ip∂

]tbm-P\w e`n-°p-∂p. Cu ]¥≠v t]cn¬ tbip-

In-kvXp-hns\ G‰p ]d-™-h¿ kz¿§-Øn¬ BZ-cn-

°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xpw, X≈n-∏-d-™-h¿ (bq-Z) ]nXm-hns‚

apºmsI kz¿§-Øn¬ InkvXp-hn-\m¬ X≈n-∏-d-b-

s∏Spsa∂Xpw kXy-am-Wv. Cu ]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ B-

tcmSp ]dt™m Ah-tcm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ amXw am‰n-

bm¬, hnizmkw amXw 52 (Sola fide) F∂ ]am-W-

tØmSp hncp-≤-am-°p-Ibn√.

b. alm-]o-U-\-ho-£Ww

At∏m-kvX-e-∑msc alm-]o-U\ hnip-≤-∑m-cpsS ]Xn-

\n-[n-I-fmbn°mWp∂ InkvXphn\pth≠nbp≈ Hcp

Iogvh-g°ap≠v. At∏m-kvX-enIthe-bpsS XpS¿®bm-

bn- p-≈-h-cmWv alm-]o-U-\-hn-ip-≤-∑m-sc∂p InkvXp

]cn-K-Wn-®-Xmbn°mWmw, amX-a√ k`mkwhn-[m-\-

Øn¬ CS-s]-SmsX Cu \ne-bn-ep≈ _‘w InkvXp-

hn\p ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bpw. CXv eqt°mkv 21 - ¬ kw -

hn-°p∂p. AhnsS At∏m-kvX-enI Ime-L- -Øn¬

kw -hn-°p∂ sbcp-i-te-ans‚ \misØ-°p-dn®v ]d-


52 eqt°m. 12 s\°mƒ D]-cn-bmbn aØmbn 10- s‚ ]›m-Øew Cu ]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-tcmSp amX-ap-≈-Xn\p i‡-amb ]n≥Xp-W \¬Ip-∂p. ChnsS ]pcp-jmcw i≤n-®n-cp-s∂-¶nepw, ""BZyw injy-∑m-tcmSp ]d™pXpS-ßn-bXv''(eq-t°m. 12:1) F∂p ImWmw.

170

bp-tºmƒ, Ah-km\ \mfp-I-fn¬ kw`-hn-°p-hm≥

t]mIp∂ bp≤-ß-sf-°p-dn®p Iqń-t®¿Øn-cn-°p-∂p.

I¿Ømhv At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-tcmSp kwkm-cn-°p-tºmƒ

Ah-km\ Ime-L-´-ß-fnse alm-]o-U\thZ-\-Iƒ

kln-°p-∂-h-tcm-sS∂t]mse-bmWp kwkm-cn-®-Xv.

aØm. 10:32˛33˛s‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ CtX ]Inb

Xs∂ kw -hn-°p∂p. aØm. 10:6 ˛¬ bnkm-tb-en-

te°p amXw t]mIp-hm≥ InkvXp At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-

tcmSp ]d-bp-∂p. F∂m¬, kw`m-jWw Ah-km-\n-

°p-∂-Xn\p apºv At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿ alm-]o-U\ hnip-

≤-∑m-cpsS ]Xn-\n-[n-I-fm-bn- mWv InkvXp ImWp∂Xv

F∂p tXm∂p-∂p. InkvXp ]d-bp∂p Ah-sc- km-

£y-ambn PmXn-I-fp-sSbpw cmPm-°-∑m-cp-sSbpw

apºn¬ sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-sa∂v (a-Øm. 10:18), aØmbn

24:9, 13 `mK-ß-fn¬ alm-]o-U-\w hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p∂

`mjbv°v kam-¥-c-ambn InkvXp Ah-tcmSv ]d-bp-

∂Xv F√m-hcpw Ahsc ]I-bv°-p-sa-∂mWv (a-Øm.

10:22) aØmbn 10:23 hfsc kv]jvS-ambn alm-]o-U-\-

tØmSp _‘-s∏- -XmW.v a\p-jy-]p-X≥ hcp-thmfw

]oUn-∏n-°-s∏´ km£n-Iƒ bnkm-tb¬ ] -W-ßƒ

apgp-h≥ k©-cn®p Xocp-I-bn-s√∂p CXp ]dbp-∂p.

aØm. 10:22˛23 ˛ ¬ ]d-bp∂ InkvXp-hns‚ hm°p-

Iƒ°v At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-tcmSpw alm-]o-U\ hnip-≤-

∑m-tcm-Spw _‘-ap-≈-Xmbn°mWp-hm-\p≈ km[y-X-

bp-≠v. Cu thZ- m-K-ßsfbpw hnizmk-Øm¬ amXw

F∂ D]-tZiw ]Tn∏n°p∂ a‰p thZ- m-K-ß-sfbpw

XΩn¬ tbmPn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v CXv A\-h[n km[y-X-

Iƒ A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂p. alm-]o-U-\-Im-eØv arK-Øns‚

AXm-bXv FXn¿In-kvXp-hns‚ (Im-WpI shfn. 13:

16- 17) apZ G¬°p-Itbm G¬°m-sXtbm InkvXp-

hn\v A\p-Iq-e-amtbm ]Xn-Iq-e-amtbm \n¬°p-hm≥

\n¿_-‘n-X-cm-Ipw. c£bv°v ssZhw \¬Inb GI

hyhÿ hnizm-k-am-Wv. F∂p hcn-Inepw kmØm≥

sIm≠p-h-cp∂ Bh-iy-Øns‚ ê-ambn hnizmkn

apZ \nc-kn-®p-sIm≠v Xs‚ hnizmkw ]c-ky-ambn

]Jym-]n-t°-≠p∂ kml-Ncyw amlm-]o-U-\-Im-eØv

D≠m-Ip∂p (sh-fn. 20:4). B apZ-bm¬Øs∂ InkvXp-

hn¬ hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h¿ InkvXp-hns\ X≈n-∏-d-bpw.

c£n-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥ hnizmkw amX-amWv ssZhw Bh-

iy-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ ss]im-NnI kwhn-[m\w

hnizm-kn-bm-bn-cn--°p-hm≥ apZ \nc-kn-°¬ Bh-iy-s∏-

Sp-∂p. AXp-sIm-≠v, alm-]o-U-\-Im-eØv F√m

hnizm-kn-Ifpw InkvXp-hns\ ]c-ky-ambn G‰p]d-

bp-Ibpw, F√m Ahn-izm-kn-Ifpw ]c-ky-ambn

X≈n-∏-dbpIbpw thWw.

aØmbn 10:32˛33, eqt°m. 12:8˛9 F∂o thZ- m-K-ßƒ

hymJym-\n-°p-tºmƒ At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-tcmSpw alm-

]oU\ Xe-ap-d-tbmSp≈ _‘-Øn¬ amX-am-sW∂p

hymJym-\n-®m¬ AXns‚ êw hnizm-k-Øm¬

amXw (Sola fide) F∂ ]am-W-tØmSv GIo- -hn-°p-

∂-Xm-Wv. ssZh-Øn\p c£-tbm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬

GI hyhÿ hnizm-k-am-Wv. F∂n-cp-∂mepw ]¥n-

cp-h-tcmSpw alm-]o-U-\ - -‡-tcm-Spw(-A-t∏m-kvX-enI

the-bpsS XpS¿®-bmbn°mWp-∂p) D≈ `qan-bnse

hyh-ÿ-Iƒ, am‰m-\m-hm-ØXpw JWvUn-X-hp-amb

hgn-bn¬ InkvXp-hns\ G‰p-]-d-bp-Itbm X≈p-Itbm

sNøp-hm≥ i‡n-bmbn t]cn-∏n-°-s∏-Spw. ]mtbm-Kn-

I-ambn a‰p≈ ssZh-P-\-tØmSpw tN¿Øp Nn¥n-°m-

hp -∂-Xm-Wv(\-ΩpsS ka-bØv Pohn -°p-∂-h¿

Dƒs∏sS InkvXp-hns\ X≈n-∏-d-bp-hm-\p≈ kΩ¿±-

Øn-em-Wv). F∂m¬ am‰m-\m-hmØ \ne-bn¬ as‰mcp

Iq´hpw InkvXp-hns\ G‰p ]d-bp-Itbm \nc-kn-°p-

Itbm sNøp-hm\p≈ kΩ¿±w C-Xp-t]mse A\p- -

hn-°p-I-bn-√. Ct∏mƒ Hcp InkvXym-\n-bm-b-Xp-sIm≠v

A\p- -hn-°p∂ IjvS-ßfpw ainlsb ]c-ky-ambn

sIm√p-hm≥ X-≈n-∏-d-bp-∂Xpw (bq-Z) As√-¶n¬

FXn¿In-kvXp-hns‚ ssII-fn-te°v Hcm-fpsS Pohs\

Gev]n-®p-sIm-Sp-°p∂Xpw H∂√ (a-Øm. 10:32˛33).

eqt°m. 12:8˛9 F∂o thZ- m-K-ß-fnse ]kvXm-h-\-

Iƒ At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿ A\p- -hn® ]tXyI kml-N-

cy-ß-tfmSpw alm-]o-U-\- X-e-ap-d-tbmSpw amXw _‘-

s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ hnizmkw amX-amWv c£-

bv°p≈ ssZh-Øns‚ GI hyh-ÿ F∂ kXy-

tØmSp sFIy-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. ssZh-h-N-\-Ønse bpK-

]-c-amb ho£-W-ap-≈-h¿ (A-≤ymbw 11--˛¬ N¿®

sNøp∂p: k`m XXz-im-kvXw) aØm. 10:32˛33 eqt°m.

12:8˛9 thZ- m-K-ßƒ hnizmkw amXw F∂ \ne-

]m-Sn-t\mSp tbmPn® hn[-Øn¬ kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

k`sb t\cn v Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°msX At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-

scbpw alm-]o-U\ hnip-≤-∑m-sc-bp-amWv Cu kXyw

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-sX∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xn¬ Akm-[m-c-W-ambn

H∂p-an-√. F¶nepw a-Øm. 10:32˛33, eqt°m. 12:8˛9 thZ-

`m-K-ßƒ thdbpw hgn-I-fn-eqsS \nb-¥-W-an-√msX

F∂m¬ hnizm-kw-amXw F∂ D]-tZ-i-tØmSp

s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ \ne-bn¬ a\- n-em-°p-hm≥

Ignbpw.53

c. ]Xn- e ho£Ww

tbip-InkvXp c£-sb-°mƒ `mhn-bn¬ e`n-°p-hm≥

t]mIp∂ ]Xn- -e-sØ-°p-dn®mbn-cn°mw ]d-bp-∂-

Xv. tbip-In-kvXp-hns\ c£bv°v tbmKy-\mbn AwKo-


53 At∏m-kvXenIho£-W-Øn-ep≈ Hcp ]iv\w ]sXmkv]cn -an -X -amb A¿∞-Øn¬ I¿Øm-hns\ X≈n-∏ -d™t∏mƒ bqZm Nne h¿j-ßƒ Xs∂ tbip-hns\ G‰p

171

I-cn-°p-∂-hsc \ym-bm-k-\-Øns‚ apºn¬ ]Xn- -e-

Øn\p tbmKy-sc∂p tbiphpw G‰p ]dbpw. kzoI-

cn-°m≥ Atbm-Kys\∂p I≠v ChnsS tbip-hns\

\nc-kn-°p-∂-hsc kz¿§-Ønepw ]Xn-^-e-Øn\p

tbmKy-sc∂v FÆp-I-bn-√. aØm. 10:28 Dw eqt°m.

12:5 Dw Bflm-hns‚ \nXy-amb hn[nsb kqNn-∏n-°p-

∂-sX-¶nepw, hnizm-k-Øm-epff c£bv°v FXn-cm-bn-

cn-°msX hnizm-kn°p e`n-°p∂ ]Xn- -e-sØ-bmWv

Cu thZ-`m-K-Øns‚ samØ-Øn-ep-ff ]›m-Øew

kqNn-∏n-°p∂sX∂mWv ap≥K-W-\-tbmsSbp≈

ho£Ww. efn-X-amWv F∂p≈ ta∑ Cu ho£-W-

Øn-\p-≠v.

d. ""GsX¶nepw Atß-b-‰-Øp≈'' ho£Ww

G‰p-]-d-®n-em-bmepw X≈n-∏-d-®n-em-bmepw Hcp hy‡n-

bpsS hnizm-k-sØtbm hnizm-k-an-√m-bva-sbtbm

BWv bYm¿∞-ambn shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-sX∂p tbip

Dt±-in-®n-cn-°mw. hn-izm-k-Øm-ep-ff c£-tbmSp s]mcp-

Ø-s∏-Sp∂ \ne-bn¬ G‰p-]-d-®n-en-s‚bpw X≈n-∏-d-

®n-en-s‚bpw hN-\-ß-tfmsS Cu thZ- m-K-ßsf ]cn-

an-X-s∏-Sp-Ømw.

Atß-b-‰Øv InkvXp-hns\ Ft∏mgpw X≈n-∏-d-™n-

cn-°p-∂Xv Ahn-izm-knsb ImWn-°p-∂p. CXn\p hn]-

co-X-ambn Hcp hnizmkn Pohn-X-Øns‚ Nne ka-

bØv a‰p-≈-h-tcmSv (Ip-d™ ]£w hnizm-kn-I-tfm-

sS-¶nepw) InkvXp-hns\ G‰p ]dbpw. Aht\m

Ahtfm F√m-k-a-bØpw X≈n-∏-d-bp-I-bn√ (Hcp

icn-bmb Ahn-izm-kn-sb-t∏m-se).

I¿Øm-hv, hnizm-k-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Hcp \ne-

bnepw G‰p-]-d-®n¬ Hcp Iq´¿°pw Ahn-izm-k-Øns‚

t]cn¬ X≈n-∏-d-®n¬ as‰mcp Iq´¿°pw D≠m-Ip-∂-

Xmbn kwkm-cn-°p-∂p F∂v AwKo-I-cn-°Ww. Cu

thZ- m-K-ßƒ Aß-s\-bp-≈ kv]jvS-amb \nb-¥-W-

ßƒ \¬Ip-∂n-s√-¶nepw. I¿Øm-hns‚ hm°p-Isf

Cßs\ hn]p-eo-I-cn®v hmbn°mw ""Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ

XpS¿am-\-ambn Ah-cpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ Fs∂ X≈n-

∏-d-™p-sIm≠v Xß-fpsS X≈n-∏-d-®n¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-

Øp-∂p. Fs∂ X≈n-∏-d-™-hcpw \nc-kn-°p-∂-hcpw

F√m ka-bØpw Aßs\ sNbvXv Ah¿ c£n-°-

s∏- h¿ As√∂p sXfn-bn-°p-∂p. Hcp hnizmkn Nne

ka-b-sØ-¶nepw Xs‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬ a‰p-≈-h-tcmSv

G‰p-]-dbpw. G‰hpw Ipd-™Xv Xs‚ hniz-kvX-cmb

kvt\ln-X-tcm-sS-¶nepw Fs∂ Adn-bp-sa-∂p -]-dbpw.

Hcp hnizmkn kµ¿`n-I-ambn Fs∂ X≈n-∏-d-bp-am-

bn-cn-°mw, F∂m¬ F√m-bv-t∏mgpw Ah≥ Fs∂

X≈n-∏-d-bp-I-bn-√.''

Ft∏mgpw X≈n-∏-d-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-h¿ Ahn-izm-

kn-I-fm-Wv. Hcp hnizmkn Nnet∏msgms° InkvXp-

hns\ AwKo-I-cn°pw .54 BZytimXm-°-tfmSp t\cn´p

_‘-s∏-Sp-Øn-bm¬, hniz-kvX-cmb kvt\ln-X-cpsS

apºn¬ kΩ¿±-an-√mØ kml-N-cy-Øn-e√, ]ns∂tbm

kΩ¿±w \nd™ kml-N-cy-Øn¬ InkvXp-hns\

G‰p ]d-bp-hm-\m-Wv Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. hnizm-kn-Iƒ

Ipd-™Xv Nne-t∏m-sg-¶nepw tbip-hns\ G‰p-]-dbpw.

Hcp km[m-cW Ahn-izmkn sNøp-∂-Xp-t]mse

Ft∏mgpw InkvXp-hns\ \nc-kn-°msX ]oU-\-Øns‚

\mfp-I-fn¬ Dd®p \n¬°pw. ]oU-\-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈

ap∂-dn-bn∏v Cu mKØp ImWmw (a-Øm. 10:28, 34˛39).

F∂m¬ ]oU-\-Øns‚ kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ amX-a-√,

G‰p ]d-®nepw X≈n-∏-d-®nepw Cu ho£-W-Øn¬

Bh-iy-am-bn- p-≈Xv. 55

e. ""Chn-sS'' ""Chn-sS°gn™v'' F∂nh XΩn¬

As√¶n¬, ""ssZhtØmSp≈ G‰p]d®n¬

ho£Ww'' aØmbn 10, eqt°m 12- F∂o thZ- m-K-ß-

fnse hm°p-Iƒ ""ChnsS'' ""CXn-\p-tijw'' Ch

XΩnepw AXm-bXv, `qanbpw kz¿§hpw XΩnepw

Imehpw \nXy-Xbpw XΩnepw sshcp≤yw ImWmw.

a\p-jy-cpsS apºn¬ F∂ ]tbm-K-sa-Sp-°pI. CXv

a‰p-≈-h-cpsS km∂n-≤y-Øn¬ \S-Øp∂ G‰p]d-®n¬


54 Hcp a’-c-°-fn-bpsS kmZriyw D]-tbm-Kn-®m¬, Hcphnizmkn 1000 ASn-°-W-sa-∂n√. F∂m¬ InkvXp-hns\XpS¿am-\-ambn \nc-kn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ hy‡n-sb-t∏mseHcp hnizmkn .000 amXw ASn-°p-bp-an√55 Cu ho£-WsØ Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ ""Asß-b-‰-am-sW-∂p≈ ho£Ww'' F∂p ]d-bp-∂-sX∂p Hcp ]s£ hmb-\-°mc\p ]d-bp-hm≥I-gn-bpw. Hcp hy‡n Xs‚ Pohn-X-Imew apgp-h\pw F√m ka-bØpw InkvXp-hns\ \nc-kn-°p-tºmƒ Ah\v hnizm-k-an-s√∂p sXfn-bp-∂p. Hcphnizmkn InkvXp-hns\ ]cn-an-X-am-sb-¶nepw G‰p ]d-bpw.

]d™p. aØm. 10 Dw eqt°mkv 12, At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿°pamX-ambn ]cn-an-X-s∏-SpØnbm¬ At∏m-kvX-enIhnh-c-W-ßƒ hnizm-ksØ bXm¿∞-ambn shfn-s∏-SpØn F∂\ne-bn¬ tbip FSp-Ø-Xmbn ImtW-≠n-h-cpw. ]tXm-kns\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Hcp Pohn-X-Imew apgp-h≥tbip-In-kvXp-hns\ G‰p-]-d-bp∂ Hcp kº-ZmbwD≠m-bn-cp∂p( Ah\v CS-bv°n-sS hogvN-Iƒ kw`-hn-®p-sh-¶n-epw). bqZm-bpsS Imcy-Øn¬ Hcp sNdn-b-k-a-b-sØ°vhniz-kn-s®-¶nepw Ah\p hnizm-k-an-s√∂p shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-Ø-°-hn[w X≈n-∏-d™p. hnizm-kn-Iƒ kµ¿`n-I-ambnG‰p]dbp-∂Xpw kµ¿`n-I-ambn X≈n-∏-d-bp-∂Xpw IW-°n-se-Sp-°p-tºmƒ, aØmbn 10 s‚bpw eqt°m. 12 s‚bpwF√m hymJym-\-ß-fnepw lrZ-b-Øns‚ Ahÿ hm°p-I-fn-eqsS shfn-s∏-Sp-I-bn-s√-∂p≈ hkvXpX Dƒs∏-Sp-Ø-Ww. I¿Øm-hns‚ t\cn- p≈ hm°p-Iƒ At∏m-kvX-e-t∑m-cp-S≈ _‘-Øn¬ amX-am-sW∂p \mw Icp-Xn-bm¬ \mw]n∂oSp Nn¥n-°p∂ s]mXp hnh-cWho£-W-Øn\p kam-\-amb Hcp ho£-W-Øn-seØpw.

172

(As√¶n¬ X-≈n-∏-d-®n¬) F∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ D]-cn-

bmbn ""a\p-jy-cpsS CS-bn-ep≈ \nß-fpsS ka-bØv''

F∂ A¿∞-amWv a\- n-em-t°-≠Xv. ChnsS a\p-

jy-cpsS CS-bn-tem apºntem D≈ Ct∏m-gsØ ka-

bhpw `mhn-bn¬ kz¿§-Øn-ep≈ ka-bhpw XΩn¬

I¿Ømhp hyXym-k-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p. AXp-Iq-SmsX ]cn-

K-W-\-bn-ep≈ G‰p-]-d-®n¬ ]nXm-hn-t\m-Sm-sW-

¶n¬(-tdm-a. 10:9-˛10 set∏mse), At∏mƒ hnizm-k-

Øm¬ amX-amWv c£ F∂p≈ kXy-tØmSp tbip-

hns‚ ]Tn-∏n-°¬ tbmPn-°p-∂p. ChnsS D≠m-Im-hp∂

A¿∞w Cß-s\-bmWv ""a\p-jy-cpsS apºn-ep≈

\nß-fpsS Pohn-X-Im-eØv \nßƒ ]nXm-hn-t\mSv

Fs∂ G‰p ]d-bp-sa-¶n¬, Rm≥ \nXy-Xbn¬ ZqX-

∑m-cpsS apºn¬ \nß-sf-°p-dn®pw ]nXm-hn-t\mSv G‰p-

]-d-bpw. \nß-fpsS Pohn-X-Im-eØv a\p-jy-cpsS

apºn¬ \nßƒ c£n-Xm-sh∂ \ne-bn¬ Fs∂ X≈n-

∏-d-™m¬ Rm\pw \nßsf \nXy-X-bn¬ ZqX-∑m-cpsS

apºn¬ h®v ]nXm-hn-t\mSp X≈n-∏-d-bpw.'' Cu

ImeØv a\p-jy-cpsS apºn¬ ]nXm-hn-t\m-Sp≈ G‰p

]d-®n-en-s‚bpw As√-¶n¬ ZqX-∑m-cpsS apºn¬ `mhn-

bn¬ ]nXm-hn-t\m-Sp≈ InkvXp hns‚ X≈n-∏-d-®n-en-

s‚bpw ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-emWv `mhn hn[n hn -n∂-am-bn-

cn-°p-∂Xv 56. ssZh-tØm-SmWv G‰p ]d-®n¬ F∂p

\mw a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw a\p-jy-cpsS apºn¬ F∂p-

≈Xv `qan-bnse Pohn-X-sa∂v A¿∞-am-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXm¬ hnizm-k-Øm¬ amXw c£ F∂p≈ D]-

tZ-i-tØmSv hncp-≤-ambnØocp-∂n-√. c£-bv°p≈

hyhÿ F∂ \ne-bn¬ G‰p]d-®n¬ thW-sa∂p

apI-fn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ ho£-W-ß-fn-sem∂pw

ap≥K-W-\-bn -√. AXn¬Xs∂ \n¬°p-Itbm

As√¶n¬ "F' bntem "_n' bntem Ib-dn-°n-S-°p-

Itbm BWv Ah-km-\-ambn sNøp-hm-\p-≈Xv (A-Sn-

°pdn∏v 53 ImWp-I).

f. s]mXp-hn-h-c-Who-£Ww

Ah¿°v ssZhsØ Adn-bm-sa∂p hnizm-kn-Iƒ

km[m-c-W-bmbn (F-∂m¬ Ft∏m-gp-a-√) kΩ-Xn-

°p∂p. Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ km[m-c-W-bmbn (F-∂m¬

Ft∏m-gp-a-√) I¿Øm-hns\ X≈n-∏-d-bp-∂p. aØmbn

10 eqt°m. 12 F∂n-h-sbbpw hnizm-k-Øm¬am-X-amWv

c£ F∂ D]-tZ-i-sØbpw XΩn¬ tbmPn-∏n-°m≥

ap≥]p-sIm-≠p-h∂ hgn-I-sfm∂pw AwKo-Im-c-tbm-Ky-

a-s√-¶n¬, hni-Zo-I--cn-°p-hm-\p≈ Cu Ah-km-\-iaw

Xr-]vXn-s∏-Sp-Øn-tb°mw. ImcWw CXp hfsc efn-

X-amWv.

c£-bv°p≈ Hcp hyh-ÿ-bmbn I¿Øm-hns‚ hm°p-

Iƒ hcp-∂n√. ]ns∂tbm F√m Ime-tØ-°p-ap≈

`qcn-]£w hnizm-kn-I-tfm-Sp≈ s]mXp-hmb Hcp hnh-

c-W-amWv. 57 an°-hmdpw hnizm-kn-Iƒ kzm`m-hn-I-ambn

tbip-hns\ Adn-bm-sa∂p kΩ-Xn-°p-Ibpw G‰p-]-d-

bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. CXv Ah-cpsS Pohn-X-Im-e-L- -

Ønse samØ-Øn-ep≈ ]h-W-X-bm-Wv. CXv `oj-

Wn-bp-sSbpw kΩ¿-±-Øn-s‚bpw kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬

F∂p amX-a-√, F√m kml-N-cy-ß-fnepw kXy-amWv

(D-Zm. hnizm-kn-Iƒ Xß-fpsS hnizmkw kl-hn-izm-

kn-I-fp-ambn Ft∏mgpw ]¶p-h-bv°p-∂p). an°-hmdpw

Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ XßfpsS Pohn-X-Im-e-L-´-Øns‚

samØw ]h-W-X-bmbn tbip-hns\ AwKo-I-cn-°msX

X≈n-∏-d-bp-∂p. InkvXym-\n-I-f-√m-Ø-h¿ Dƒs∏-Sp∂,


Ah≥ Nne kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ Nne-cpsS apºn-se-¶nepwInkvXp-hns\ G‰p ]d-bpw(Hcp clky kw`m-j-W-Øn-em-bn-cn-°mw As√-¶n¬ Hcp ssZh-Zm-k-t\m-sSm∏w Bip-]Xn apdn-bn-em-bn-cn-°mw) InkvXp-hn-ep-ff hnizm-k-Øn\pkm£yw ]d-bpw, Hcp Ahn-izm-kn-bpsS X≈n-∏-d-®n¬]q¿Æ-ambncn°pw. F∂m¬ Hcp hnizm-kn-bpsS G‰p-]-d-®n¬ ss[cy-an-√m-sX-bpw, kmµ¿`n-Ihpw Npcp-ßn-b-Xp-amImw; F∂n-cp-∂mepw s]cpam‰-Øns‚ XohX t\sc adn-®m-bn-cn-°pw.56]oU-\sØ kqNn-∏n-°p∂ ]›m-Ø-e-amWv. ]oU-\-ImewInkvXp-hns\ a‰p-≈-h-cpsS apºn¬ G‰p ]d-bp-hm-\p≈Ah-k-c-am-Imw, As√-¶n¬ a‰p-≈-h-cpsS apºn¬ InkvXp-hns\ X≈n-∏-d-bp-hm-\p≈ ]tem-`-\hpw D≠m-Imw.aØmbn 10:32˛33 epw eqt°m. 12:8˛9 epw ]nXm-hn-t\mSphnizmkw G‰p ]d-bp-∂-Xn-s\-bmWv tbip Nn¥n-°p-∂Xv]nXm-hn-t\mSp \Ønb G‰p ]d-®n-en-t∑¬ Ah≥ ]Wn-bp-Ibpw ]oU-\-Im-e-L- -ß-fn¬ Fßs\ Hcp hnizmkn

XpS¿am-\-ambn tbip-hns\ G‰p ]d-bp-sa-∂p-≈-Xn\p HcpamXr-I-bm-Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. \mw ]nXm-hns‚ apºn¬InkvXp-hns\ km£n-®-Xp-t]mse a‰p-f-f-h-cpsS apºnepwkm£n-°-Ww.57aØm. 25:31˛46 thZ-`m-KØv tbip CXp-t]m-se-bp≈Nn¥m-coXn \evIn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. I¿Øm-hns‚ ktlm-Z-c-∑m¿°v (km-t¶-Xn-I-ambn alm-]o-U-\-Im-e-Ønse blq-Z-∑m¿) `£Ww \¬Ip-Ibpw Ahsc DSp-∏n-°p-Ibpwkµ¿in-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-h¿ Cu k¬]-hr-Øn-I-fm-e√c£ t\Sn-b-Xv. c£-bpsS hyh-ÿ-I-f√ `£Ww \¬Ip-I, DSp-∏n-°p-I, kµ¿in-°pI XpS-ßnb Imc-W-ßƒ,]ns∂tbm Ah¿°v hnizm-k-ap-s≠∂p sXfn-bn-°p∂ hnh-c-W-ß-fmWv. FXn¿In-kvXp-hns‚ FXn¿∏n\p hn]-co-X-ambn blq-Z-∑msc ipiq-jn-°p-∂-h¿ hnizm-k-ap-≈-h¿amX-amWv. c£ hcp-∂Xv hnizm-k-Øm-emWv. F∂m¬c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-hsc k¬]-hrØn sNøp-∂-h¿ F∂\nebn¬ hnh-cn-°mw. kz`m-h-Øn-eqsS hnizmkw ]I-S-am-°p∂p. aØm. 10 epw eqt°m. 12 epw c£-bv°p≈hyh-ÿ-bm-bn-´√ G‰p-]-d-®n¬. F∂m¬ Hcp hnizm-knkm[m-cWbmbn s]cp-am-td-≠-Xns‚ hnh-c-W-amWv. HcpAhnizmkn km[mcW s]cpamdp∂ coXnbpsShnhcWamWp \ntj[w. \ntj[n°p∂ Hcp InkvXym\n,Hcp hnizmknbpsS km[mcW hnhcWa√ ]h¿Øn®pIm´p∂Xv. adn®v Ahnizmknsbt∏mse I]S`‡\mIpIbmWv.

173

bmsXmcp kΩ¿±-hp-an-√mØ kml-N-cy-ß-fnepw CXv

]tXy-In®v kXy-amWv. c£ G‰p]d-®nens‚ ASn-

ÿm-\-Øn-em-sW-∂pw, As√-¶n¬ X≈n-∏-d-®n-ep-Iƒ

apJ-¥cw c£ \jvS-s∏- p-t]m-Ip-sa∂pw I¿Ømhv

]d-bp∂ Imcy-an-XmW,v Xs‚ injy-∑m¿ Xß-fpsS

Pohn-X-Im-e-Øn-ep-S-\ofw Hcp s]mXp amXrIm

kz`mhw sh®p-]p-e¿Ø-W-sa-∂m-Wv. òjWnbp-

sSbpw ]oU-\-Øn-s‚bpw ka-bØv, `qcn- mKw hnizm-

kn-Ifpw F√m-°m-eØpw sh®p]pe¿Øp∂ km[m-

cW kz`mhw am‰p-I-bn-√.

Hcp s]mXp-hmb Ab™ hnh-cWw F∂ \ne-bn¬

hnizm-kn-Iƒ hniz-kn-°p-∂p-sh∂v kΩ-Xn-°p-∂p.

AXp-t]mse Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ hnizm-ksØ X≈n-∏-

d-bp-∂p. Cu s]mXp XXz-Øn¬ \n∂v Hgn-™p-\n-

ev°p∂ Nne hy‡n-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cn-°mw. AXp-Iq-

SmsX Cu km[m-c-W-co-Xn°p \nev°mØ hn[w

kmµ¿`n-I-ambn kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xn\p an°-hmdpw F√m-

hcpw Ign-hp-≈-h-cmW.v F∂mepw ASn-ÿm\ ]h-

W-Xsb∂ \ne-bn¬ hnizm-kn-Iƒ InkvXp-hns\

AwKo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ X≈n-∏-d-bp-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. Hcp Ahn-izm-kn-sb-t∏mse Ffp-∏-Øn¬

kwkm-cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp∂ kml-N-cy-ß-fnepw

I¿Ømhv \sΩ-°p-dn®v BK-ln-°p-∂Xv Hcp

InkvXym-\n-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ s]mXp hnh-c-W-Øn\pw

samØ-Øn-ep≈ ]h-W-Xbv°pw A\p-k-cn-®m-bn-cn-°p-

hm-\m-Wv. aØmbn 10, eqt°mkv 12 thZ- m-K-ßfpw,

hnizmkw amX-amWv c£-bv°p≈ hyhÿ F∂

D]-tZ-ihpw XΩn¬ tbmPn-∏n-°p-hm-\p≈ as‰mcp

hgnbmWv s]mXp-hn-h-cW ho£-Ww.58

3. kwKlw

Hcp ]c-ky-amb G‰p-]-d-®n-e√ tdma¿ 10:9˛10 thZ- mKw

N¿® sNøp-∂Xv, ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ cl-

ky-ambn \S-Øp∂ G‰p ]d-®n-emWv. c£-tbmSp

tN¿∂p hcp∂ G‰p-]-d-®n¬ tdma. 10:9 Dw 10:12, 13 Dw

tN¿Øv Nn¥n-°-Ww. c£-bv°p-th≠n I¿Øm-

hns‚ \maw hnfn-®-t]-£n-°p-∂-Xn-t\mSp Xpey-amWv

G‰p-]-d-®n¬.

AXp-t]mse aØmbn 10:32, 33 eqt°m. 12:8˛9 F∂o

thZ- m-K-ßƒ hnizm-k-Øm¬ amX-amWp c£-sb∂p

shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ 150˛¬ A[nIw thZ-`m-K-ß-tfmSv

hn]-co-X-am-Ip∂ \ne-bn¬ hymJym-\n-°-cp-Xv. as‰mcp

Iq -tØmSpw kam-¥-c-a-√mØ At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-tcmSpw

IjvSw A\p- -hn-®-h-tcmSpw C\n ]oU\w A\p- -hn-

°m≥ t]mIp∂htcm Bb hnip-≤-∑m-tcm-Sp≈ _‘-

Øn-ep≈XmsW∂ \ne-bn¬ CXns\ ImW-Ww.

]tXyI Iq -ß-tfm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn-e√ Cu thZ- m-

K-ßƒ \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-sX∂p Ch-bpsS ]›m-Ø-

e-ß-fn¬ \n∂v Hcmƒ°p t_m[y-s∏- m¬ Xs∂bpw

Cu hmIy-ßƒ hnizmkw amXw F∂ D]-tZ-i-tØmSp

s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ \ne-bn¬ hymJym-\n-°m≥ I-gn-bpw.

Chn-sS, c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp-Itbm t\Sp-Itbm A√,

]ns∂ ]Xn- -e-Øns‚ \jvShpw t\ -hp-amWv hnj-

bw (]-Xn-ê ho£-Ww, hnizmkn InkvXp-hns\

Hc-f-hn-se-¶nepw km£n-°p-sa∂pw \nc-¥-c-ambn X≈n-

∏-d-bp-∂h¿ AhnizmknIsfsW-∂pam-bn-cn°mw

InkvXp A¿∞-am-°n-bXv (F-¥m-bmepw Atß-b-‰-

tØ-Xm-sW-∂p≈ ho£-Ww). as‰mcp Bibw Cu

temI-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ I¿Øm-hns\ ]nXm-hn-t\mSp G‰p-


58 hnizm-kn-I-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ s]mXp-hmb Ab™ hnh-c-W-ambn I¿Øm-hns‚ hm°pIsf ImWp-tºmƒ (c-£-bpsS Hcp hyhÿ F∂-Xn-ep-]-cn-bm-bn) a‰p≈ ssZh-h-N\ ]T-\-ß-sf, IW-°n-se-Sp-°p-hm-\p≈ A\p-Iqewkµ¿`w D≠m-Ip-∂p. hnizm-kn-Iƒ Xß-fpsS hnizmkwa‰p-≈-h¿°p shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn¬ ]cm-Pbw kw -hn-°m-sa∂p a‰p-ff thZ-`m-K-ßƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. ]sXmkvCXns‚ \√ DZm-l-c-W-amWv (tbm-l. 18: 25). IqSmsXhniz-kn® ]co-i-∑m¿ blqZ A[n-Im-cn-Isf `b-s∏´pI¿Øm-hns\ ]c-ky-ambn G‰p-]-d-bm-Xn-cp-∂Xv tbml-∂m≥ 12: 42 ¬ ImWp-∂p. InkvXp-hns\ Nne kµ¿ -ß-fn-sems° G‰p ]d-bp-∂-Xn¬ hnizm-kn°p ]cm-Pbw kw -hn-°mw, F∂mepw Xs‚ samØw Pohn-X-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Hcp ""G‰p-]-d-bp-∂-h≥'' F∂p hnfn-°mw. Ah≥

kpc-£n-X-amb kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ Xs‚ ssZh-Zm-k-s‚tbm,kl-hn-izm-kn-I-fp-sStbm, IpSpw-_-Øn-s‚bpw hniz-kvXkvt\ln -X -cp -sStbm apºn¬ Xs‚ hnizmkwshfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. ]c-ky-amb G‰p-]-d-®n¬ \S-Øm≥ Ign-bmØ N-In-X-cmb hnizm-kn-Iƒ C…m-anI cmPy-ß-fn¬Ct∏m-gp-ap-≠v.

CXn\p hn]-co-X-ambn aØm. 7:21 ImWn-°p-∂Xv, HcpAhn-izmkn hnizmkw kmµ¿`n-I-ambn G‰p ]d-bp-sa-¶nepw, Ahs‚ PohnXw samØ-ambn FSp-Øm¬ X≈n-∏-d-®n-emWv ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xv. CXmWv bqZm-bpsSDZm-l-cWw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. aØm. 10 Dw 12 Dw A≤ym-b-ß-fn¬ ImWp∂ G‰p-]-d-®n¬ a‰p-≈-h-cpsS apºn-ep-≈-Xm-sW∂p ImWp-∂nS-tØmfw (]n-Xm-hmb ssZh-tØm-S-√), I¿Øm-hns‚ hm°p-Isf a‰p Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-I-fm¬]cym-]vX-am-°-s∏-tS≠ s]mXp-hmb Ab™ ]kvXm-h-\-I-fmbn ImtW-≠n-h-cpw. an°-hmdpw hnizm-kn-Iƒ c£n-Xm-hn-s\ km£o-I-cn-°pw. an°-hmdpw Ahn-izm-k-Iƒkm[m-c-W-bmbn Ahs\ X≈n-∏-d-bpw. aØmbn 10 -s‚bpweqt°mkv 12 s‚bpw ]›m-Øew _‘-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂XvFßs\ hnizm-kn-Iƒ ]Xn-Iq-esØ A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn°pwF∂ hnj-b-am-sW∂p≈Xv ad-°-cp-Xv. I¿Øm-hns‚ ]Ya]cn-K-W\ c£m-X-Xz-im-kvX-a-√. AXp-sIm≠v an°-hmdpwhnizm-kn-I-fpsS s]mX-kz- m-h-amWv I¿Ømhp hnh-cn-°p-∂Xv. (A-Xp-t]mse Ahn-izm-kn-I-fp-sS-bpw). CXn¬ CXn\vA]-hm-Z-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xns‚ hni-Z-amb ]ńI \¬Ip-∂n-√. ]oU-\-ß-fn¬ t]mepw Xs∂ G‰p-]-d-bp∂ amXrIhnizm-k-Øn¬ I¿Ømhv hnizm-kn-Isf \ne-\n¿Øp∂p.

174

]-d-bp-∂h¿ I¿Ømhv ]nXm-hn-t\mSp ZqX-∑m-cpsS

apºn¬ X≈n-∏-d-bp-∂Xp Hgn-hm°mw (C-hnsS, Chn-

tS°p tijtam ho£Ww) as‰mcp A`n-]mbw

I¿Ømhp \¬Ip∂ km[m-cW hnh-c-W-]-Imcw

c£n-°-s∏-´-h-cpsS kml-Ncyw F¥p Xs∂-bm-

bmepw, Fß-s\-bmWv c£n-°-s∏- -h¿ ]h¿Øn-°p-

∂-sX∂v hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-I-bmWv (s]mXp hnh-c-W -ho-

£-Ww). BZy timXm-°sf kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw

G‰hpw Ipd-™Xv 3 ho£-W-ß-fn¬ \n∂p- e- n-°p∂

]mT-ßƒ H∂p -X-s∂-bm-Wv. injy-∑m¿ aptº-Xs∂

ssZh-tØmSp ]nXm-hns\ G‰p-]-d-™-h-cmWv. Ah¿

a‰p-≈-h-cpsS apºnepw I¿Øm-hns\ G‰p ]d-bp∂p.

IjvS-X-bpsS thf-bnepw Cu G‰p-]-d-®n-en-t\mSp \oXn

]pe¿Øp-hm≥ I¿Ømhp BK-ln-°p-∂p.

apI-fn¬ ]d-™n-cn -°p∂ ho£W-ß-fn¬

GsXms° icn-sb∂p hmZn-t°≠ Bh-iy-an√.

][m\ Imcyw, hnizmkw IqSmsX ]c-ky-amb G‰p-

]-d-®n¬ IqSn c£bv°v thW-sa∂ hyh-ÿbv°p

]I-c-ambp≈ ho£-W-ß-fmWv

I. c£n-°s∏Sp-∂-Xn\p \nß-fpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ hcp-

hm≥ tbip-hn-t\mSp ]d-bp-I.

Cu hmNIw km[m-c-W-bmbn c£-bv°p≈ hyh-ÿ-

bmbn ]d-bp-hm≥ Ip™p-ß-tfmSv Bh-iy-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v.

hnizm-k-Øm¬ tbip-hns\ c£-I-\mbn kzoI-cn-°p-

∂-Xn\p Xpey-am-bn-´p≈XmWv CsX∂p a\- n-

em°mw. AXp-sIm≠v Cu hmN-I-Øn¬ At\Iw

Ip™p-ß-tfmSv kphn-tijw Adn-bn-°p-Ibpw Ah¿

bYm¿∞-ambn InkvXp-hn¬ Bi-bn-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp.

F∂n-cp-∂mepw,""lrZ-b-Øn¬ hcp-hm≥ tbiphnt\mSp

]d-bpI'' F∂ hmNIw hfsc sX‰n-≤m-c-W°p Imc-

W-am-Ipw. c£n-Xm-hns‚ acWw ]p\-cp-∞m\w AXp-

t]mse Ah-\n-ep≈ Bibw Ch Kln-°msX

""tbip-hn-t\mSp lrZ-b-Øn¬ hcp-hm≥ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-

hm-\p≈'' km[y-X-bp-≠v. AXp IqSmsX c£-bpsS

ê-amWv InkvXp-hns‚ lrZ-b-Øn-te-°p-≈ hchv.

A√msX c£-bpsS hyhÿ A√. ss__nƒ Aß-

s\-bp≈ kmt¶-XnI ]Zw Hcn-°epw kphn-ti-j-

Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n- n-√, AXp-sIm≠v AXv Hgn-hm-t°-

≠-Xm-Wv.

lrZ-b-Øn-\p≈ Ko°v hm°v "Im¿Unb' (Kardia)

BWv. CXn¬ \n∂mWv "Im¿Un-bm°v' h∂-Xv.

D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ ssIsb-gpØp]Xn FXp Xs∂-

bm-bmepw, 157 ˛ 160 ]mhiyw CXv D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v.

ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬ InkvXp-hn-t\mSv lrZ-b-Øn¬ IS-

∂p-h-cp-hm≥ ]d-bp-∂Xv'' c£-bpsS Hcp hyh-ÿ-

bmbn Hcn-°epw ]d-™n- n-s√∂v a\ nem°p-hm≥

]Tn-Xm-hn\p Hcp ss__nƒ I¨tIm¿U≥kv ]cn-

tim-[n-°mw. kXysØ hn`n-∂-amb hgn-bn¬ ]d-bp-

hm≥, tbip-hns\ Xß-fpsS lrZ-b-Øn-te°p IS-∂p-

h-c-W-sa∂p ""]-d-bmsX Xs∂'' Bfp-Iƒ F∂p c£n-

°-s∏´psIm≠n-cn-°p-∂p-sb∂p Hcmƒ°v JWvUn-X-

ambn ]d-bp-hm≥ Ignbpw. AXv c£-bv°p≈ hyh-

ÿ-b-s√∂Xp hfsc efn-X-amWv. Hcp-h≥ Xs‚ lrZ-

bw- sIm≠mWv hniz-kn-°p-∂sX∂v ssZh-hN\w

hy‡-ambn ]d-bp∂p (eq-t°m. 24:25, At∏m. ]hr.

15:9, tdma. 10:9, 10). tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øntem

At∏m. ]h¿Øn-bnse kphn-tij ]kw-K-ß-fntem

tdmam teJ-\-Ønse D∂-X-amb ssZh-imkvX DS-

º-Sn-I-fntem ]pXn-b \nb-a-Øn¬ GsXmcp mKtØm

""tbip-hn-t\mSp lrZ-b-Øn¬ hc-W-sa∂p ]d-bp-∂-

Xmb'' Hcp hyhÿ c£-tbm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬

ImWp-∂n√. c£-bpsS êhpw c£-bpsS tbmKy-

Xbpw XΩn¬ Hcmfpw Iqń-°p-gbv-°-cpXv.

shfn-∏mSv 3:20 ˛s‚ D]-cn-π-h-amb hymJym-\w-sIm≠v

tbip-hns\ Hcm-fpsS lrZ-b-Øn-te°p hcp-hm≥ ]d-

bp∂Xv c£-bpsS hyh-ÿ-bmbn°mWm-\p≈ km[y-

X-bp-≠v.

Rm≥ hmXn¬°¬ \n∂p ap´p∂p; Bsc-¶nepw

Fs‚ i_vZw tI´p hmXn¬ Xpd-∂m¬ Rm≥

Ahs‚ ASp-°¬ sN∂p Ah-t\mSpw Ah≥

Ft∂mSpw IqsS AØmgw Ign°pw (sh-fn. 3:20).

shfn-∏mSv 3:20-˛¬ lrZbw F∂ ]tbmKw Xs∂

IS∂p h∂n-ń-√. ""ASp-°¬ sN∂p'' F∂p≈

]tbmKw hymJym-Xm-°ƒ i≤n-°Ww. I¿Ømhv Hcp

hy‡n-bpsS ASp-°¬ sN√p-∂p, A√msX hy‡n-

bpsS AItØm hy‡n-I-fn-tet°m sN√p-∂-Xmbn

Cu hmIyw ]d-bp-∂n-√. shfn: 3: 20 ˛¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-

cn-°p∂ Ko°v hm°v thsdbpw ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬

8 ÿe-ß-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p≠v Ahn-sS-sbm∂pw

D≈n¬ F∂ Bi-b-an-√(a¿t°m. 7:25; 15:43; eqt°m.

1:28; At∏m. ]hr. 10:3; 11:3; 16:40; 17:2; 28:8). a¿t°m.

15:43-˛¬ Acn-a-∞y-bnse tbmtk^v h∂p ss[cy-

tØmsS ]oem-tØm-kns‚ ""ASp-°¬'' sN∂p tbip-

hns‚ icocw tNmZn®p. Ah≥ ]oem-tØm-kns‚

""D≈n-te°p'' t]mIp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂n√, Ah≥ ]oem-

tØm-kns‚ ""ASp-°¬'' t]mIp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-

t]mse shfn. 3:20˛¬ tbip Hcp hy‡n-tbmSp

Iq´mbva BN-cn-°p-hm≥ Ahs‚ ""ASp-°¬'' hcp-

hm≥ Xøm-dm-Wv. shfn. 3:20˛¬ InkvXp Hcp hy‡n-

bpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ A[n-h-kn-°p-∂-X√ ][m\


175

hnjbw. tbip lrZ-b-Øn¬ hcp-hm≥ ]d-bWw F∂

hyhÿ c£-bv°p-≈-Xmbn Hcp hmIyhpw ]d-bp-

∂n√.

J. c£ -]m-]n-°p-∂-Xn\p ]m]-ßƒ G‰p- ]-d-bp-I

InkvXob D]-tZ-i-Øn¬ ]m]w G‰p -]-d-bp-∂Xv

hfsc ][m-\-s∏´ Imcy-amWv. F∂n-cp-∂mepw, AXv

AXn-t‚-Xmb ÿm\Øv ImWWw. hnizm-kn-I-tfm-

Sp≈ _‘-Øn-emWv ]m]w G‰p-]-d-bpI F∂ ]Tn-

∏n-°¬ ]Y-a-ambn hcp-∂-Xv. Hcp \ymbm-[n-]≥ F∂

\ne-bn¬ ssZhw hnizm-kn-bpsS F√m ]m]-ßfpw

£an-®p-X-∂n-cn-°p-I-bmWv (sIm-sem. 2:13). Hcp ]nXm-

sh∂ \ne-bn¬ ssZh-Øn\p Ct∏mgpw tIm]n°mw,

AXp-sIm≠v hnizmkn G‰p-]-d-®n-en-eqsS c£ t\tS-

≠Xv Bh-iy-amWv (]m-]sØ kΩ-Xn-°p-∂p). AXp-

sIm≠v ]nXm-hn¬ \n∂p ]m]£a t\Sm≥ hnizm-

kn-Iƒ ]m]-ßƒ G‰p-]-d-bp-hm≥ t]cn-∏n-°p∂p ( 1

tbml. 1:9; 1 sImcn. 11:31; aØm. 6:12). AXn-t‚-Xmb

ÿm\Øv ]m]-ßƒ G‰p ]d-bpI F∂ D]-tZiw

G‰hpw ][m-\hpw Bh-iy-hp-am-Wv.

ssZh-h-N\w c£-bv°p≈ hyh-ÿ-bmbn ]m]-ßƒ

G‰p-]-dbp∂Xp ImWp-∂n-√. kXy-am-bn, Hcp hy‡n

InkvXphn¶-te°p hnizm-k-Øm¬ hcp-tºmƒ,

s]mXp-hmb A¿∞-Øn¬ Ahs‚ ]m]m-h-ÿsb

kwi-bc-ln-X-ambn kΩ-Xn-®p sImSp-°pw. F∂m¬

c£-t\-tS-≠-Xn-\p -]-tXyI ]m]-ßƒ I≠p-]n-Sn-®v,

Ah-bpsS ]´nI D≠m-°n, Ah G‰p ]d-bWw F∂

Bhiyw CXn¬ \n∂p hn`n-∂-am-Wv. HSp-hn¬ ]d-™-

Imcyw ]mb-›n-Ø-Øns‚ ]hrØn-bm-bnt´ ImWp-

hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bp≈q. CXn-eqsS ]m]-ßƒ G‰p ]d-

bpI F∂ ]iw-km¿l-amb ]hrØn-bn-eqsS c£

t\Sp-∂p. I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ Iqinse

the-sb-°p-dnt®m, tbip-In-kvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-

sØ-°p-dnt®m hy‡n-]-c-amb Adn-hn-√msX Xs∂

Hcp hy‡n°p Xs‚ ]m]-Øns‚ ]´nI D≠m-°p-

hm\pw Ahsb G‰p-]-d-bp-hm\pw Ign-bp-sa-∂p≈

kXyw ]cn-K-Wn-°p-I. \mw Bcpw a[y-bp-K-Ønse,

]q¿Æ-ambpw ZpcnXw \nd™v ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p ]m]-

Øn-te°p G‰p-]-d-®n¬ XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂-hcpw

tbip-In-kvXp-hns\ kzoI-cn-°m-Ø-h-cp-amb k\ym-

kn-Isft∏mse-b-√. c£-bpsS Bh-iy-Øn-te-°mbn

]tXyI ]m]-ßsf G‰p-]-d-b-W-sa∂v HcnSØpw ]d-

™n- n-√ F∂ kXyhpw ]cn--K-Wn-°pI. I¿Øm-hn¬

Bi-bn-°msX Hcmƒ°v ]m]-ßsf G‰p]-d-bp-hm≥

Ign -bp -∂-Xp -t]mse Hcmƒ°v Hcp ]m -]hpw

]tXyIambn G‰p-]-d-bm-sX -Xs∂ InkvXp-hn¬ hn-

iz-kn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. Hcp hy‡n Xs‚ ]m]m-h-

ÿsb s]mXp-hm-bn-k-Ω-Xn-°p-Ibpw tbip-In-kvXp-

hn-em-i-bn®v hnSpX¬ BK-ln-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv

aXn-bm-b-Xm-Wv. Hcp ]nXm-sh∂ \ne-bn¬ ssZh-Øn¬

\n∂p ]m]£a t\Sm≥ ]tXy-I-amb ]m]-Øns‚

G‰p-]-d-®n¬ Bh-iy-am-Wv. F∂m¬ Hcp \ymbm-[n]≥

F∂ \ne-bn¬ GI-hgn hnizmkw amX-amWv.

1 tbml. 1:9 s‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Hcp sNdnb Iq´w

Bfp-Iƒ, Hcp \jvS-s∏´ ]m]n°v c£ t\S-W-sa-

¶n¬ ]tXy-I-ambn ]m]sØ G‰p-]-d-b-W-sa∂ hmZw

Db¿Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Cu hmIy-Øns‚ ssienbpw

]›m-Ø-ehpw hy‡-am-°p-∂Xv CXv hnizm-kn-Isf

Dt±-in-®m-Wv. 1 tbml. 2:1 ˛¬ \n∂p a- n-emIp∂Xv

tbml-∂m≥ Fgp-Xp-∂Xv ""Ip™p-ßƒ°m-bn- mWv''.

AXm-bXv hnizm-kn-Iƒ, tbip-InkvXp Imcy-ÿ-\m-

bn-cn-°p-∂-h¿°mWv tbml∂m≥ teJ\w Fgp-Xp-

∂Xv. 1 tbml. 2:2˛¬ Ahs‚ hmb-\-°mcpw

temIhpw XΩn¬ th¿Xn-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. 1 tbml. 1:9

Ahn-izm-kn-I-sf-°mƒ D]-cn-bmbn hnizm-kn-I-tfm-Sp-

≈-XmWv. ]tXyI ]m]-ßƒ G‰p-]-d-bp-∂Xv c£-

bv°p≈ ss__nƒ hyh-ÿ-b-√. ssZhw Hcp

\ymbm[n-]≥ F∂ \ne-bn¬ InkvXphn¬ hniz-kn-

°p-∂-h-tcmSv ]m]w £an-°p-∂p. Hcp hy‡n kXy-

k-‘-ambn InkvXp-hn¬ Xs‚ hnizmkw shbv°p-

tºmƒ Ah≥ Xs‚ ]m]w Hc-f-thmfw kΩ-Xn-®p-sIm-

Sp-°p-Ibpw AXv c£bv°v aXn-bm-b-Xp-amWv.

K. c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\p a‰p-≈-h-tcmSv £an-°pI

c£-bpsS hyh-ÿ-bmbn ""InkvXp £an®Xp-t]mse

kuP-\yambn £an-°pI'' F∂v Hcp henb k`

AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p. CXv k`-bpsS DW¿hp-tbm-K-ß-

fpsS ]c-ky-ß-fn-sem-∂mbn \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. CXv

c£-bv°p≈ Hcp ""hyh-ÿ-bmbn'' ssZhw AwKo-I-

cn-®n- p-s≠∂v B ]ckyw ]tXyIw ]d-™n- p-≠v.

ss__nƒ £asb t]m’m-ln-∏n-®ncn°p-∂-Xn\p

bmsXmcp kwihpan√. F∂m¬ a‰p-≈-h-tcmSv £a

c£-bpsS hyh-ÿ-bmbn ss__nƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p-

sb∂p ]d-™m¬ henb ]iv\-ß-fp-≠v. H∂m-aXmbn

InkvXp £an-®-Xp-t]mse £-an-°p-hm≥ InkvXp-

hns\ Adn-bm-Ø-h\v Ign-bp-I-bn√ F∂p-≈Xv kXy-

amWv. a‰p-≈-h-tcmSv icn-bmbn´v £an-°m≥, Hcmƒ

bYm¿∞-ambn c£n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw ssZh-Øns‚ £a

A\p-`-hn-°p-Ibpw sNø-Ww˛ c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\p

apºv F√m-h-tcmSpw £an-°-Ww F∂ hyhÿ

sh®m¬ ssZh-Øns‚ £a BK-ln-°p-Ibpw

F∂m¬ Xs∂ h©n® F√m-h-tcmSpw £an-°m≥

Ign-bm-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ hy‡n°v AXp Hcp

XS- -am-bn-cn-°pw. kXy-Øn¬ ssZhw Xs∂ X\n-


176

s°Xnsc sNbvX kIe ]m]-ßfpw £an-°p-∂n√!

InkvXphnizm-kn°p Ffp-∏-Øn¬ £an-°p-hm≥

Ignbpw. F∂m¬ Ip‰w hep-Xm-sW-¶n¬ DØ-c-hm-Zn-

XzØn¬ hogvN kw -hn-®m¬ InkvXym\n £an-

t°-≠-Xm-bn-´n√ (Im-WpI aØm. 18:15˛17). hnizm-

knbpw ssZhw Xs∂bpw Ft∏mgpw £an-°p-∂n-s√-

¶n¬, c£ e`n-°p-∂-Xn\p a‰p-≈-h-tcmSp £an-°-W-

sa∂p hyhÿ sh®m¬ AXv XnI®pw Akw-_-‘-

amWv. c≠m-a-Xmbn, c£bv°v £an-°Ww F∂

hyhÿ shbv°p-tºmƒ a\p-jy≥ sNøp-∂-Xns‚

ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-emWv c£-sb∂p hcpw. A√msX

I¿Ømhv sNbvX-Xns\ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-e-√.

ssZh-Øns‚ Ir]bm¬ \¬I-s∏´ hnizm-k-tØmSp

]hrØn Iq´n-t®¿°p-∂p. aq∂m-a-Xmbn, F√m-h-

tcmSpw £an-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂p-sh∂p k¶-ev]n-

®m¬t]mepw, B hy‡n ]m]-Øn¬ hoWp-In-S-°p∂

Ah-ÿ-bn-em-bn-cn°pw. Hcp hnizmkn F√m-h-tcmSpw

£an-®m¬Øs∂bpw InkvXp-hnepw Ah-s‚ -Iq-

inse the-bnepw Bi-bn-°m-Øn-S-tØmfw c£n-°-

s∏-SmØ Ah-ÿ-bn-em-Wv. Ah-km-\-ambn Hcp hy‡n

c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\p apºv F√m-h-tcmSpw F√m-°m-

cy-ß-fnepw £an-°-W-sa∂p ssZhw B-h-iy-s∏-Sp-∂-

Xmbn bmsXmcp thZ- m-K-hp-an-√.

aØm-bn. 6:14˛15 sX‰mbn hymJym-\n®v ""a‰p-≈-h-tcmSv

£an-°p-∂Xv'' c£-bpsS hyh-ÿ-bm-Ip-∂p. ap≥]p-

Xs∂ c£n-°-s∏- -h-tcmSmWv I¿Ømhv ChnsS∏d-

bp-∂Xv (hmIyw 9 ""kz¿§-ÿ-\mb Rß-fpsS

]nXmsh, Rß-fpsS ]nXm-sh....)-a-‰p-≈-h-tcmSp £an-

°m-\m-hmØ shdp∏v sh®p-]p-e¿Øp-∂-h¿°v, kz¿§-

ÿ-\mb ]nXm-hn¬ \n∂p £a e`n-°p-I-bn-s√-∂mWv

I¿Ømhv ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂X.v InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizmkw

aqew \ymbm-[n-]-s\s∂ \ne-bn¬ ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂p

]m]-£a hnizm-kn°p e`n-®p Ign-™n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

F∂m¬ Xt∂mSv At]-£n-°p∂ Hcm-tfmSv hnizmkn

£an-°m≥ aSnIm-Wn-®m¬ B hnizm-kn°v £a e`n-

°p-∂n-√ F∂-Xp-sIm≠v A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv Ah≥

ssZh-hp-ambn Iq´mbvabn√ F∂mWv. kXy-k-‘-ambn

At]-£n-°p-∂-h-tcmSv £an-°pI F∂ hyh-ÿ-bn¬

A[n-jvTn -X-amWv ]nXm-hmb ssZh-tØm-Sp≈

Iq´mbva. F∂m¬ c£-bpsS GI hyhÿ hnizmkw

amX-am-Wv.

L. c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\p a‰p-≈-hscbpw kzbsØbpw

XyPn-°pI

InkvXp-hn-t\m-Sp≈ kºq¿Æ-amb ka¿∏Ww Bh-

iy-s∏-Sp∂ At\Iw thZ- m-K-ß-fp-≠v. InkvXp-hn\p

]q¿Æ-amb Iqdpw kzb-Øns‚ \ntj-[hpw Bh-iy-

ap≈Xm-sW-∂p-≈Xv Bcpw FXn¿°p-I-bn -√.

F∂m¬ Ah≥ hy‡n-bn¬ \n∂p ]q¿Æ-amb kzb

-\n-tj[w c£bv°v Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-sa-∂p-≈Xv X¿°n-

°-Ø° Imcy-am-Wv. ssZhw c£-bv°v tijw Bh-

iy-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw c£n-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw

XΩn¬ hyXym-k-ap-≠v.

kzbw XyPn-°p-hm≥ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂ thZ- m-K-ßƒ

]cn-tim-[n-°p-∂-Xn\p apºv c£ t\Sm≥th≠n A\p-

k-cWw, kzbw XyPn-°¬, ]c-am-h-[n-bmb ]cnXymKw

F-∂nh Bh-iy-am-sW∂ \ne-bn¬ hymJym-\n-°p-

hm≥ Ign-bp-sa∂p kΩ-Xn-®p-sIm-Sp-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

F∂n-cp-∂mepw, c£ Ir]-bm¬ hnizmkw aqew F∂p

hy‡-amb ss__nƒ \ne-]m-Sns\ A\p-Iq-en®pw

Ch hymJym-\n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. a‰p- th-Z- m-K-ß-fn¬

\n∂p hn`n-∂-ambn H∂-ne-[nIw A¿∞-ßƒ D≠m-I-

Ø-°-hn[w ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn¬ Akzm-`m-hn-I-am-bn´v

bmsXm-∂p-an-√. ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ bp‡nbpw B[n-

Im-cn-b-Xp-a-\p-kn®v ]c-kv]c hncp-≤-am-ImØ hymJym-

\-Øn-\mWv ap≥K-W-\. X\n-°p-≈-sX√mw hn‰p- Z-cn-

Z-∑m¿°p sImSp-Øn´p Xs∂ A\p-K-an-°m≥ [\n-I-

\mb bph-]-am-Wn-tbmSp ]d-bp-tºm-ƒ, CXns\ a‰p-

th-Z- m-K-ß-fn¬ \n∂p am‰n-bm¬, XymK-]q¿Æ-amb

Zm\w -sN-ø-en-eqsS c£-t\-Sp-hm≥ Ign-bp-sa∂p ]Tn-

∏n-°p-hm≥ km[n-°p∂ thZ-`m-K-am-Wv. F∂m¬

InkvXp-hns\ A\p-K-an-°p-∂-Xn-eqsS c£-t\-Sm≥

Ign-bp-sa∂pw Chn-sS-\n∂p a\- n-em-°mw. InkvXp-

hns\ A\p-K-an-°p-hm≥ Ahs‚ kºØv XS- -ambn

Øo¿∂p. Chs‚ hy‡n-]-c-amb Ah-ÿ-bn¬ Hcp

hnizm-kn-bmbnØocm≥ Xs‚ kº-Øns‚ taep≈

]nSn-hn-tS-≠Xv Bh-iy-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v

Ahs‚ c£ ]tcm-]-Im-c-]-c-amb ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fm-

e√, hnizm-k-Øm¬ amX-am-Wv. Hcp hnizm-kn-bmbn

Øocp-∂Xn\p ]Ww D≠m-°nb XS- w- \o-°p-hm≥

InkvXp Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p. Cu c≠p hymJym-\-ßfpw

Cu thZ-`m-KØp \SØmw F∂m¬ c≠m-a-tØXv

_m°n-bp≈ thZ- m-K-ß-fp-ambn tbmPn-°p-∂p.

1. eqt°m. 9:23˛26

(a-Øm. 16:24˛28; a¿t°m. 8:34˛38)

]ns∂ Ah≥ F√m-h-tcmSpw ]d-™Xv, ""Fs∂

A\p-K-an-∏m≥ Hcp-Ø≥ C—n-®m¬ Ah≥

Xs∂-Øm≥ \ntj-[n®v \mƒtXmdpw Xs‚

Iqiv FSp-Øp-sIm≠v Fs∂ A\p-K-an-°s´.

Bsc-¶nepw Xs‚ Pohs\ c£n-∏m≥ C—n-

®m¬ AXns\ Ifbpw Fs‚ Pohs‚ \nanØw


177

Bsc-¶nepw Xs‚ Pohs\ If-™mtem

BXns\ c£n-°pw. Hcp a\p-jy≥ k¿∆-tem-

Ihpw t\Sn -´p Xs∂-Øm≥ \jvS -am°n

IfbpItbm tNXw hcp-Øp-Itbm sNbvXm¬

F¥p ]tbm-P\w? Bsc-¶nepw Fs∂bpw

Fs‚ hN-\-ß-sfbpw Ipdn®v \mWn-®m¬ Ah-

s\-°p-dn®v a\p-jy-]p-X≥ Xs‚bpw ]nXm-hn-

s‚bpw hnip-≤ -Zq-X-∑m-cp-sSbpw al-Xz-Øn¬

hcp-tºmƒ \mWn°pw.''

Btcm-SmWv tbip-InkvXp Cu hm°p-Iƒ ]d-™Xv?

i≤n-°p-∂-h¿ hnizm-kn-Itfm Ahn-izm-kn-Itfm?

AtXm, kan-itam? eqt°mkv 9:18 s‚ ]›m-Øew

injy-∑m-sc-°p-dn-®mWv (a-Øm. 16:24 Dw ImWp-I).

hmIyw 23- ¬ ""F√m-hcpw'' F∂p ImWp-∂p. a¿t°m.

8:34˛¬ hmbn-°p∂p ""]ns∂ Ah≥ ]pcp-jm-csØbpw

Xs‚ injy-∑m-scbpw AcnsI hnfn®p'' injy-∑m¿

(A-t∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿) hnizm-kn-I-fmWv, ]pcp-jm-c-Øn¬

At\-Icpw Ahn-izm-kn-I-fm-Wv. hnizm-kn-Ifpw Ahn-

izm-kn-Ifpw tN¿∂ timXm-°-tfmSp ]kw-Kn-°p-∂Xv

A∂pw C∂pw Akm-[m-c-W-a-√. tbip hnizm-kn-Isf

]oU\w A\p- -hn-°p-hm≥ Hcp-°p-tºmƒ Cu kw`m-

j-Ww At\Iw Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ i≤n-®n-cp-∂p. Cu

thZ- mKw hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-hm-\p-≈ G‰hpw \√ hgn

eqt°m. 9:23˛26˛¬ Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬

F¥mWv I¿Ømhv ]Tn -∏n -®-sX∂v a\- n -em-

°pIsb∂XmWv XpS¿∂v hnizm-kn-I-tfm-Sp≈ _‘-

Øn¬ I¿Ømhv F¥mWv e£y-am-°n-b-sX∂pw a\-

n-em-°p-I. BZy-ambn Cu thZ- mKw F¥p ""]Tn-∏n-

°p-∂n√'' F∂p hy‡-am-°mw.

a. sX‰n≤m-c-W-Iƒ

eqt°mkv 9:23- ¬ c£bv°v kzb-\n-tj[w, XpS¿am-

\-amb XymKw, ITn-\-amb iaw XpS-ßnb A¿∞-ß-

sfm-∂p-an-√. c£-bv°p-th-≠n-bp≈ iaw Hcp A\p-

Zn\ ]In-b-bm-Wv. c£ t\Sp-hm≥ th≠ Imcy-ß-

sfms° sNbvXp F∂p Hcmƒ°v Dd-∏n-√, As√-¶n¬

c£ \ne-\n¿Øp-hm≥ Hcmƒ \nc-¥cw iaw \S-

ØWw. Hmtcm Znh-khpw Hcp ]pXnb ]cn-tim-[-\-

bm-bn-cn-°mw.

Cu \ne-bn¬ \mw 24˛25 hmIy-ßsf kao-]n-®m¬

c‡km-£n-Xz-Øn-eqsStb c£ t\Sp-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-

bp-≈p. Aß-s\-bm-bm¬t∏mepw c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿

Npcp-°-ambn amX-tabp-≈q. CXns‚ ^e-ambn D≠m-

Ip∂ ssZh-imkvXw sX‰mb aX-Øn-set∏mse Xß-

fpsS aX-Øn-\p-th≠n acn-°p∂ aX-`m-¥-∑m¿°m-bn-

cn-°pw kz¿§w hmKvZm\w sNøp-∂-Xv. hmIyw 24˛25

s\ Hcmƒ°v kz¥w Pohn-X-Øns‚ \nb-¥Ww

(A-[n-Im-cw) \jvS-am-°p-∂-Xn-t\mSp _‘-s∏-Sp-

Ønbpw hymJym-\n-°mw. Cu hymJym-\-Øn\p Nne

ta∑-bp-≠v. c£ ]h¿Øn-bm¬ t\Sp∂p F∂p A\p-

am-\n-°p-∂-XmWv ChnsS hcp∂ sX‰p-≤m-c-W, Aß-

s\-bp≈ \nK-a\w c£ hnizm-k-Øm-em-sW∂p ]Tn-

∏n-°p∂ 150 e[nIw thZ- m-K-ßƒs°-Xn-cmWv.

b. Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn-ep≈ A¿∞w:

""F¥p hne sImSp-t°≠nh∂mepw hniz-kn-°p-I.''

eqt°mkv 9:23- ¬ bmsXmcp ]cn-[n-bp-an-√msX Xs∂

A\pK-an-°p-hm≥ tIƒhn-°m-tcmSv I¿Ømhv Blzm

\w sNøp-∂p. F¶nepw P\-°q-´Øn¬ At\-Icpw

A\p-K-an-°pI F∂ ]Inb Bcw- n-®n- n-√m-bn-cp-∂p.

Ah¿°p≈ ]mtbm-KnI \n¿t±iw BZy NphSp

aptºm´p shbv°p-∂-XmWv.

Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ eqt°mkv 9:23-

˛s‚ ]mY-anI A¿∞w, Hcmƒ hnizm-kn-bmbn

Øocp-hm≥ Xøm-dm-hp-tºmƒ kmaq-ly-km-l-N-cy-

ßƒ IjvS-Xbpw ]oU-\hpw \nd-™-Xmbmepw

Ah≥ hniz-kn-°Ww. kzb-\n-tj-[w-sIm≠pw

]oU\w kln-°p-∂-Xn-eq-sSbpw \jvSw kln-°p-∂Xp

aqehpw c£ t\Sp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂n-√. F¶nepw

InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-tºmƒ A]-I-S-ßƒ kw -

hn-°p-Ibpw ]cn-lm-ky-]m-X-cmbnØocp-Ibpw thZ\

A\p- -hn-°p-Ibpw Hs° kw -hn°mw. At∏mƒ hnizm-

kn-bm-bn-Xo-cm≥ B hne \evI-Ww. hnizmkw amXta

c£n-°p-∂p≈q ""F\n°v tbip-hn¬ hn-iz-kn-°p-hm≥

Ign-bn√. ImcWw, Rm≥ Aßs\ sNbvXm¬ AXp-

sIm≠v Xnc-kv°-cWw, ]oU\w, c‡-km-£nXzw

hsc A\p- -hn-t°-≠-Xmbn hcpw'' F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈

apS-¥≥ \ymb-ß-sfm∂pw \ymbm-[n-]-\mb ssZhw

AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂n-√.

eqt°mkv 9:24 A\p-k-cn®v `bw \nanØw tbip-In-

kvXphn¬ hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ hnk-Ω-Xn-°p-∂-h¿ Xß-

fpsS `uXnI Pohs\ t\Sp-sa-¶nepw \nXyPoh≥

\jvS-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. tbip-In-k-Xp-hns\ \nc-kn®v Cu

temI-Po-hnXw kwc-£n-°p∂ kpc-£n-X-amb Xocp-

am-\-sa∂p tXm∂p-sa-¶nepw \nXy-a-cWw F∂ B]-

Øn-emW.v

i‡n-tb-dnb IjvS-X, ]cn-lm-kw, ac-W- o-jWn Ch

hnizm-ksØ XS- -s∏-Sp-ØpI amX-a√, ]mcw`

hnizm-k-Øm¬ InkvXp-hns\ A\p-K-an-°msX

]n≥Xn-cn-bp-∂-h¿°v temIw ]Xn- ew \¬Ip-Ibpw

sNøp∂p (hmIyw 25). InkvXp-hns\ hnizm-k-Øm¬

AwKo-I-cn-°msX kΩ¿±-ßƒ°v Hcmƒ°v hgn-s∏-Sp-

tºmƒ, Ah≥ km[m-c-W-bm-bn, c£n-°-s∏-SmØ


178

temI-kw-hn-[m-\-Øm¬ AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. Ah≥

temIØm¬ A\p-K-ln-°-s∏-Sp-Ipbw Db¿Ø-s∏-Sp-

Ibpw sNøp-∂p, kpc-£n-X-ambn Pohn-°p-hm≥ I-gn-

bp∂p F∂p amX-a-√, temI-Øns‚ \n¿h-N-\-]-Imcw

""\√ PohnXw'' Ah≥ t\Sp∂p.

Xs∂ \nc-kn-°p-∂-Xp-aqew temI-Øns‚ AwKo-I-cm-

Øn-\p-]-I-cn-°p∂ D]-cn-π-h-amb ]tbm-P-\-ßsf

kzoI-cn-°-cp-sX∂p ]pcp-jm-c-Øn-ep-ff Ahn-izm-kn-

Isf InkvXp Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p∂p. kmaq-ln-I-ambn

Ah¿°v t\´-ap-≠m-Im-sa-¶nepw bYm¿∞ Poh≥

Ah¿°v \jvS-am-Ipw. Ah¿ Xß-fpsS I¿Øm-hns\

\nXy-ambpw Cu temI -Po-hn-X-Ønepw \jvS-am-°p∂p.

Ah¿°v InkvXphns\ hniz-kn®v Znh-kw-tXmdpw

Xß-fpsS ùXnI Pohn-XsØ A]-I-S-Øn-em-°p-

Itbm As√-¶n¬ c£n-Xm-hns\ \nc-kn®v ùXnI

PohnXw kpc-£n-Xhpw kpJ-I-chpw em -I-chpam°n

Bflm-hns\ \nXy-amb A]-I-S-Øn-em-°p-Itbm

sNømw.

Ahn-izm-k-Øm¬ I¿Øm-hn¬ \n∂p Xncn-bp-∂Xn\p

Imc-W-amb e÷-sb-°p-dn-®mWv hmIyw 26- ¬ ImWp-

∂-Xv. Hcp-h≥ In-kvXp-hns\°p-dn®v e÷n®v InkvXp-

hns\ X≈n-∏-d-™m¬ InkvXphpw HSp-hn¬ Ahs\

X≈n-∏-d-bpw. Ct∏mƒ e÷ Hcp-hs\ Ahn-izm-k-Øn-

te°p\bn-®m¬, I¿Ømhpw Ah-t\mSp \nXy-amb

_‘w ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn¬ e÷n-°pw. Ahn-izm-kn-I-

tfmSv eqt°m. 9:23˛¬ I¿Ømhp ]d-bp-∂Xv Ah¿

temI-Øns‚ òj-Wnbpw ]tem- -\-ßfpw AXn-Po-

hn®v Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn-°-Ww F∂mWv. hmIyw 23-

˛se Blzm\w kºq¿Æ-ambn InkvXp-hns\ A\p-

K-an-°m-sa-¶nepw, I¿Øm-hmb tbip-hn¬ hniz-kn®v

A\p-K-an-°¬ Bcw- n-°-Ww. \nXy-amb ac-W-tØm-

Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ kpc-£n-X-Xzhpw t\´hpw \jvS-

°-®-h-S-am-Wv. Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬

I¿Ømhv \evIp∂ ap∂-dn-bn∏v, F¥p hne sIm-Sp-

Ømepw I¿Øm-hns\ A\p-K-an-∏m≥ Bcw- n-°p-hm-

\m-Wv. F¶nepw apsº Xs∂ c£n-°-s∏´ injy-∑m-

tcm-Sp≈ _‘-Ønepw (A-t∏m-kvX-e-∑m-tcm-Sp≈

_‘-Øn¬) I¿Øm-hns‚ ]Tn-∏n -°-ep-Iƒ°v

A¿∞-ap-≠v. F¥mWv I¿Ømhv Ahsc ]Tn-∏n-

°p∂Xv? C∂p-ff hnizm-kn-I-tfm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬

I¿Øm-hns‚ Bi-b-ßƒ Fßs\ _‘-s∏-ń-cn-

°pw.?

c. hnizm-kn-Iƒ°mbp≈ A¿∞w: ""Ah-sc-t∏mse

Ct∏mƒ ]h¿Øn-°-cpXv, IqSmsX temI-Øn\p

\nßsf D]-Z-hn-°p-hm≥I-gnbpw F∂m¬ \nß-fpsS

\nXy-Po-hs\ FSp-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn√.''

et°mkv 9:22˛¬ tbip-In-kvXp injy-∑m-tcmSv ]d-

™Xv injy-Xz-Øns‚ ]mX-bn¬ IjvS-Xbpw Xnc-

kv°-c-W-hp-sa-√-ap-s≠-∂m-Wv. Ah¿ apsº Xs∂

A]-I-S-km-[y-X-Isf Ah-K-Wn-®p-sIm≠v hnizm-kn-

Iƒ Bbn-Øo¿∂XpsIm≠p≠m-Ip∂ ]iv\-ß-

sfbpw òj-Wn-I-sfbpw AwKo-I-cn-®p-I-gn-™n-cn-°p-

I-bm-Wv. InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ Hcp-ßp-∂-h≥

A\p- -hn-°p∂ ]Xn-k-‘n-I-f-s√-¶nepw, Ah¿ ka¿±-

a-\p-`-hn-®psIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Ah¿ BZy- Np-h-Sp-ap-

tºm´p h®-h-cm-Wv. hnizm-k-Øm¬ Ah¿ A\p-K-an-

°pI F∂ ]Inb Bcw- n-®-h-cm-Wv. F∂m¬ ]iv\-

ßƒ Po-hn-X-Øn¬ Bh¿Øn-®p- h-cp-tºmgpw IqSp-X-

emb Af-hn¬ InkvXp-hns\ A\p-K-an-°p-hm≥ Ah¿

Xocp-am-\n-°-Ww. apºn¬ XpS¿am-\-amb A]-I-S-

òXnbpw IjvS-X-bp-amWv. hnizm-k-tØm-Sp-IqsS

A]IS - o-Xn-Iƒ Ah-km-\n-∏n-®n√. InkvXp-hns\

XpS¿am-\-ambn AwKo-I-cn-°p-tºm-gp-≠m-Ip∂ oj-Wn-

I-sfbpw ]tem- -\-ß-sfbpw Ah-K-Wn-°-Ww. Ahn-

izm-kn-Isf hnizm-k-Øns‚ BZy-Np-h-sS-Sp-°m-Xn-∏m≥

kΩ¿±-Øn-em-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse hnizm-kn-Iƒ A-f-hn-

√msX InkvXp-hns\ A\p-K-an-°p-∂Xp XS-bm≥

temIw òj-Wnbpw Ie-lhpw AXp-t]mse taml-

ßfpw D]-tbm-Kn-°pw. InkvXp-hns\ A\p-K-an-°p-hm≥

Bcw- n-®-Xn¬ \n∂p injy-∑m¿ X≈ am‰-s∏- n- n√

F∂m¬ hn[n \n¿Æm-b-Ihpw G‰hpw kΩ¿±-ta-dn-

b-Xp-amb Zn\-ßƒ hcp-tºmƒ tb-iphns\ -]q¿Æ-

ambn A\p-K-an-°p-∂Xv Ah¿ Ah-km-\n-∏n-°ptam?

Hcp sNdnb hmIyiIew HgnsI(eqt°mkv 9:24 s‚

HSphn¬ ]mYanIambn c‡km£nXzsØ°pdn®p

≈Xv, 24˛26 hmIyßƒ AhnizmknIsf ]cma¿in°p

∂Xmbncn°mw.59 At∏mgpw Cu kXyßƒ Ahnizm

knIsf Ipdn°p∂XmWv. InkvXphnep≈ hnizmk

Ønt∑¬ kpc£nXXzhpw Bizmkhpw Xncs™Sp


59eqt°mkv 9: 23 apX-ep≈ hmIy-ßƒ hnizm-kn-I-tfmSpamX-am-sW∂ \ne-bn¬ FSp-°p-hm≥ BK-ln-®m¬hmIyw 26- ¬ ImWp∂v e÷ ]Xn- -e-ß-tfm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn-em-bn-cn-°pw. hmIyw 24- ¬ ImWp∂ "Pohs\ If-b¬'H∂p-In¬ c‡-km-£n-Xz-sØtbm As√-¶n¬ InkvXp-hns‚ A[n-Im-c-Øn\p Iogvs∏ v Hcmƒ Xs‚- Po-hn-X-Øn-t∑-ep≈ \nb-¥Ww ]q¿Æ-ambn Dt]-£n-°p-∂p. AXp-t]mse ""Pohs\ c£n°pw'' F∂Xv Cu Pohs\ AXns‚i‡n ssZh-Øn-\p-th≠n D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂p c£n-°p-sa-∂mWv. F¶nepw. ""F√m-hcpw'' F∂ ]tbm-Khpw(eq-t°m. 9: 23).-A-Xp-t]mse ]pcp-jmcw F∂ ]tbm-Khpw(a¿t°m. 8: 34) Pohs\ \jvS-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-t\mSp≈ ap∂-dn-bn-∏mWv (a-Øm. 16: 26, a¿t°m. 8: 36). Ch-sbms°Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂Xv I¿Ømhv kan-i-amb Hcp P\-°q--tØmSv c£n°-s∏- -h¿°pw A√m-Ø-h¿°pw _m[-I-

am-Ip∂ \ne-bn¬ kwkm-cn-®p-sh-∂mW.v

179

°p∂hcn¬ \n∂p hnizmknIƒ°p ]Tn°m\mhpw.

Fßs\ Nn¥n°cpsX∂p≈Xns‚ Atßb‰sØ

DZmlcWßfmWh. hnizmknIƒ ]q¿Æambpw

A\pKan°Wsa∂p ]Tn∏n°p∂ hnizmkØns‚

BZyNphSnepw InkvXphns\ A\pKan°p∂Xnt∑¬

AhcpsS kpc£nXXzØns‚ Xncs™Sp∏pw

t\´hpw F¥mWv.

hmIyw 24-˛¬ ]cn-lm-ky-amb Ah-ÿ-bn-te-°p≈

XmgvN (reduction to the absurd)F∂ coXn D]-tbm-

Kn®v I¿Ømhv injy-∑msc ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv InkvXp-

hns\ A\p-K-an-°p-∂-Xn\p AXn-cn-Sp-hm≥ X°-hÆw

temI-Øns‚ ]oU-\sØ A\p-h-Zn-°-cp-sX-∂m-Wv.

Atß-b-‰-ambn FSp-Øm¬ InkvXp-hn¬ Bi-bn-

°msX Xß-fpsS PohnXw c£n-°p-hm≥ BK-ln-

°p-∂-h¿, ]cn-lmkw Hgn-hm-°p-∂p. Ah¿ c£-

bv°mbn InkvXp-hns‚ Iqins\ Hgn-hm-°p-∂p. AXp-

t]mse IjvS-X-sb∂ hy‡n-]-c-amb Iqin-s\bpw

Hgn-hm-°p-∂p. Ah¿°v \nXyPoh\pw \jvS-am-Ip-∂p.

Ah¿ Cu temI-Øn¬ \n∂p t\Sp-∂p, F∂m¬ X-

ßsfØs∂ \nXy-ambn \jvS-am-°p∂p. Aß-s\-

bp≈ bp‡n-tbmSp injy-∑m¿ tbmPn-®n- n-√. As√-

¶n¬ Ah¿ InkvXp-hns\ A\p-K-an-°p-hm≥ Bcw- n-

®n- n-√. AXm-bXv InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°pI, Ah¿

hniz-kn-®-t∏mƒ oXn-tbm-Sp-Iq-sS-bp≈ Nn¥m-KXn Hgn-

hm-°m≥ Bcw- n-®n-cp-∂p. Ah¿ ho≠pw ocpXzw \nd-

™Xpw temIa-bXzw D≈-Xp-amb a\-ÿn-Xn-bn-te°p

aSßn I¿Øm-hns\ A\p-K-an-°p-∂-Xn\p AXn¿

\n¿Æ-bn-°ptam? Ah¿ InkvXp-hns\ A\p-K-an-°p-

∂-Xn¬ uanI A]-I-S- km-[y-X-Isf A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn®p

XpS-ßn, Ct∏mƒ Ah-cpsS ss[cyw Ipd-™p-t]m-

Iptam? Aß-s\-bp≈ \ymb-hmZw \SØn Ahn-izm-

kn-Iƒ \nXy-amb aqey-ßƒ \jvS-am-°p∂ hnizm-kn-

Iƒ°v \nXy-Po-h≥ e- n-®n- p-s≠-¶n¬Øs∂, Ahn-

izm-kn-I-sf-t∏mse Nn¥n-°p-Ibpw s]cp-am-dp-Ibpw

sNbvXm¬ bmsXmcp \∑bpw D≠m-Ip-∂n-√. Ah¿

InkvXp-hns\ A\p-K-an-°pI F∂ hnj-aw ]nSn®

]hrØn Bcw- n-®-h-cm-Wv. Ct∏mƒ ]q¿Æ-ambn A\p-

K-an-°p-hm≥ Xocp-am-\n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

eqt°m-kv 9:24˛¬ InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-sØ-°mƒ

kz¥ PohnXkpJ-Øn\p ]m[m\yw sImSp-°p∂

Ahn-izm-kn-I-sf-°p-dn-®mWv BZy- m-K-Øn¬ ]d-™n-

cn-°p-∂-Xv. eqt°mkv 9:24 s‚ Ah-km\ `mKØv

injy-∑m-sc-°p-dn-®mWv ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. hnizm-kn-

I-fmbnØocm≥ Ah¿ ac-W- o-j-Wn-t]mepw Ah-K-

Wn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. I¿Øm-hns\ hnizm-k-Øm¬ A\p-

K-an-°pI F∂ Xocp-am\w aqew InkvXp-hn-\p-th≠n

Xß-fpsS Pohs\ sh®p-sIm-Sp-t°-≠-Xmbn h∂mepw

t]mepw Ah¿°v At∏mgpw \nXy-Po-h-\p-≠v. c‡-

km-£nXzw A\p- -hn-°p-∂-Xn-eqsS \nXy-Po-h≥ t\Sp-

hm≥ I-gn-bp-∂-X-√. injy-∑m¿ InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-

kn-°p-hm≥ Xp\n-™-t∏mƒØs∂ \nXy-Po-h≥ Dd-

∏mbn e- n-®p. F∂m¬ I¿Øm-hn¬ hniz-kn°p F∂

BZy Xocp-am\w aqew D≠m-Ip∂ F√m A\¿∞-ß-

fnepw I¿Øm-hns‚ Hm¿Ω-s∏-Sp-Ø¬ aqew Ah¿

Dd-®p-\n-∂p. InkvXp-hns\ A\p-K-an-°p-∂-Xns‚ GXp

`mK-sØ-¶nepw (hn-iz-kn-°p-hm≥ Bcw- n-°p-tºmtgm,

A\p-k-c-W-Øn¬ InkvXp-hns\ A\pKan°p-tºm-

tgm) Poh≥ shbvt°-≠n -h-∂mepw, At∏mgpw hnizm-

kn°p \nXy-Po-h≥ e`n-°p∂p F∂p≈ Dd-∏n¬

\n∂p≈ t]m’m-l\w e`n-°p-∂p. 60 \nXy-amb

ho£-W-Øn¬ Cu temI-Øn\p bmsXmcp lm\nbpw

hcp-Øp-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. injy-∑m-tcmSpff I¿Øm-

hns‚ A¿∞w Hcp ]oU-\-Øn\pw \nXy-Po-hs\

sIm√m≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√ F∂mWv.

Cu temI-Øns‚ kpc-£n-XXzw \nc-kn® injy-

∑m-cpsS Xocp-am\w icn-bm-sW∂p tbip injy-∑msc

ss[cy-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. A]-ISkm[y-X-bp-s≠-¶nepw

Ah¿ hnizm-k-Øns‚ BZy NphSp aptºm´p shbv

°p-hm≥ Xocp-am-\n-®-Xp-t]mse, Fs¥ms° IjvShpw

\jvShpw t\cn-tS-≠n-h-∂mepw Ah¿ Ct∏mgpw

XpS¿am-\-ambn I¿Øm-hns\ A\p-K-an-°-Ww. InkvXp-

hns\ A\p-K-an-°p-tºmƒ t\cn-Sp∂ ]Xn-Iq-e-ßƒ

F¥p Xs∂ Bbn-cp-∂mepw (B-cw- -hn-izm-k-Øntem

XpS¿∂p≈ hnizm-k-Øn-tem) AsX√mw hne-bp-≈-

Xm-Wv. InkvXp-hns\ A\p-K-an-°p-∂Xp \nanØw

D≠m-Ip∂ IjvS-Xsb Ah-K-Wn-®m¬ `ocp-°-fmb

Ahn-izm-kn-I-sf-t∏mse hnizm-kn-Iƒ Xß-fp-sS-

c-£bv°p tijw FX-tØmfw aptºm´p t]mIp-hm≥

Ign-bp-sa∂ Im-cy-Øn¬ Hcp ]cn[n shbv°-p-IbmsW

∂p ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bpw. Hcp Ahn-izm-kn-bpsS Pohn-

X-Øn¬ kpc-£n-X-Xzhpw kpJhpw InkvXp-hns\

hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ D]-cn-bmbn hcp-tºmƒ Hcp

]tbm-P-\hpw D≠m-Ip-∂n-√. XpS¿am-\-ambn I¿Øm-

hns\ ka¿∏-W-Øn-eqsS A\p-K-an-°p-∂-Xn\p XS-


60 hnizm-k-Øns‚ BZy-Np-hSp h®-Xns‚ tijw XpS¿am-\-ambn A\p-K-an-∏m-\p≈ ]cn-i-a-ßƒ ImWn-°p-∂XvInkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-hm-\p≈ BZy-Xo-cp-am-\-Øn¬Dd-®p-\n-ev°p∂p F∂m-Wv. hnizm-k-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬XpS¿am-\-amb A\p-k-cWw aqe-ap≈ ]oU-\-ßƒ A\p- -hn-t°-≠-Xmbn hcn-I-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p. Cß-s\-bp≈ hyXy-kvX-amb A¿∞-Øn¬ injy≥ Xs‚ `qX-Im-eØvInkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-®-Xp-aqew ac-W- -bw-t]mepw, A\p-h-Zn®p (B-Zy-hn-izm-kw, apdp-sI-∏n-Sn-®p-sIm≠v XpS¿am-\-ambn A\p-k-cn-°p-∂Xv IqSp-X¬ A]-I-S-ßƒ°v Imc-W-am-Ip∂p).

180

ambn ap≥t] ]d™ Imcy-ßƒ h∂m¬, Aß-

s\-bp≈ hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v Hcp \∑bpw A\p- -hn-°m≥

Ign-bp-I-bn√. \mƒ tXmdpw I¿Øm-hns\ A\p-K-an-

°p-∂-Xn-eqsS hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v Xß-fpsS kabw

\jvS-s∏-Sp-ØmsX D]-tbm-Kn-°mw, Cu Pohn-X-Øns‚

apgp-h≥ i‡nbpw \jvS-s∏-Sp-ØmsX c£n°mw.

hmIyw 24, 25 s\ c‡-km-£n-Xz-Øn\p hn]-co-X-ambn

Pohn-®n-cn-°pI F∂ Bi-b-Øn¬ hymJym-\n-°p-∂-

Xn-t\m-sSm-∏w, Xs‚ PohnX \nb-¥Ww kzb-ta-s‰-

SpØv AXns\ kq£n-°p-Ibpw (""c-£n-°p-Ibpw'')

\jvS-am-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ imTy-°m-c-\mb hnizm-

knbpw, Xs‚ Pohn-XsØ InkvXp tkh-bv°mbn

\¬Ip-Ibpw (""\-jvS-am-°p-I-bpw'') X∑qew Xs‚

Pohs\ t\Sp-Ibpw Cu temI Pohn-X-Øn\p icn-

bmb aqeyw \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp∂ hnizm-knbpw XΩn-

ep≈ hyXymkw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. Xs∂ bmsXmcp

]cn-[nbpw sh°msX A\p-K-an-°p∂ injy-∑m-tcm-

Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ Kpcp \oXn-tbmsS A`n-am-\n-°p-∂-

Xmbn (e-÷bv°v hn]-co-X-am-bn) eqt°mkv 9: 26 ˛¬

\n∂p a\- n-em°mw. eqt°m-kv.9:27 apX¬ XpS¿∂p

ImWp∂ adp-cq-]-a-e-bnse cq]m-¥cw \sΩ Hm¿∏n-

°∂ hkvXpX, \mw FX-tØmfw I¿Øm-hns\

Ct∏mƒ A\p-K-an-°p-∂pthm AX-tØmfw \mw

I¿Øm-hns‚ tXP v \nXy-Xbn¬ A\p-`-hn°pw

F∂m-Wv.

eqt°m. 9:23˛26 Dw A-Xns‚ kam-¥c-th-Z- m-K-ßfpw

hnizm-k-Øm¬ amXw c£ F∂ D]-tZ-i-tØmSp

s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ hn[-Øn¬ hymJym-\n-°mw. Ahn-

izm-kn-I-tfm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ InkvXp-hns\ hnizm-

k-Øm¬ A\p-K-an-°p-∂Xv Bcw-`n-°p-hm≥ F¥p

hne \evtI-≠n-h-∂mepw AwKo-I-cn-°pI F∂m-Wv

efn-X-amb A¿∞w. hnizm-kn-Isf kw_-‘n-®n-S-

tØmfw hgn-bn-ep-≠m-Im-hp∂ kΩ¿±-ßfpw ]tem-

-\-ßfpw F¥p Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂mepw I¿Øm-hns\

A\p-K-an-°p-∂Xv XpS-cWw. I¿Øm-hns\ A\p-K-an-

°msX Cu temI-Øns‚ kpJ-ßƒ tXSnt∏mIp-∂-

hcpsS ZpxJ-I-c-amb Ahÿ Nq≠n-°m´n Xs∂ A\p-

K-an -°p-∂Xv XpS-cp -hm≥ tbip hnizm-kn-Isf

Blzm\w sNøp-∂p. InkvXp-hns\ ]q¿Æ-ambn A\p-

K-an-°p-tºmƒ Ah-cpsS ocpXzw \nd™ kz`m-hsØ

A\p-I-cn-°-cp-sX∂p Ah-cpsS \mi-I-c-amb DZm-l-c-

W-ßƒ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂p. kphn-ti-j-Øns‚

]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬, kzb\ntj-[w, Dt]-£n-°pI,

IjvSX XpS-ßnb Bi-b-ßƒ Fßs\ D]-tbm-Kn-

°p∂p F∂p InkvXym-\n-Iƒ i≤bp-≈-hc-mbn-

°Ww. InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-tºmƒ IjvS-X-

Iƒ hcmw F∂ \ne-bn¬ Bfp-I-tfmSp ]d-bp-∂-Xn¬

sX‰n√. tbip-hn-\p-th≠n IjvSX A\p- -hn®v Bfp-

Iƒ°v c£ t\Sm≥ Ign-bp-sa∂v a‰p-≈-h¿ Nn¥n-

°p-hm≥ A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂-Xn\p bmsXmcp ASn-ÿm-\-

hp-an√.

2. eqt°mkv 14: 26, 27, 33 (a-Ømbn 10:37-, 39 Dw

ImWp-I)

""Fs‚ ASp-°¬ hcn-Ibpw A∏-s\bpw AΩ-

sbbpw `mcy-sbbpw a°-sfbpw kz¥-Po-h-s\-

bpw IqsS ]Ibv-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h\v

Fs‚ injy-\m-bn-cn-∏≥ Ign-bp-I-bn√. Xs‚

Iqiv FSp-Øp-sIm≠v Fs‚ ]n∂mse hcm-

Ø-h\pw Fs‚ injy-\m-bn-cn-∏m≥ Ign-bp-I-

bn√. Aßs\ Xs∂ \nß-fn¬ Bsc-¶nepw

X\n-°p-≈Xv Hs°bpw hn´p-]n-cn -bp-∂n√

F¶n¬ Ah\v Fs‚ injy-\mbncn∏m≥ Ign-

bp-I-bn√.''

s]mXp-hmb A¿∞-Øn¬ injy≥ A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv

""Hcp ]Tn-Xmhv As√-¶n¬ A\p-bmbn'' F∂m-Wv.

hnhn[ A¿∞-t -Zß-sf-Sp-°p-∂ -hn[w hfsc Ab-

hp≈ \n¿h-N\w injy≥ F∂ ]Z-Øn\p \¬Ip-

hm≥ Ign-bpw. tbml. 6:66- ¬ ImWp-∂Xv Nne injy-

∑m¿ I¿Øm-hns\ Ft∂-°p-ambn Dt]-£n-°p-∂-

XmWv. ]I-S-amb \ne-bn¬, hnizm-kn-bm-bn-cn-°msX

Xs∂ Hcmƒ°v lkzIm-e-tØ°p injy-\m-bn-cn-∏m≥

Ign-bpw. F¶nepw tbip-hns\ i≤n® ]pcp-jm-c-Øn¬

\n∂v hn`n-∂-cmWv injy-∑m¿. ap≥]v ]d-™n-cn-°p∂

thZ- m-K-ß-fn¬ \n∂p a\- n-em-°p-∂Xv Ch¿ hniz-

kn-Ifm-sW∂p Xs∂-bmWv (Im-Wp-I. a¿t°m. 8:24,

eqt°m. 9:18, 20). tbml-∂m≥ 8:3˛¬ I¿Ømhv injy-

∑mcpw bYm¿∞ injy-∑mcpw XΩn¬ th¿Xncn-®n-cn-

°p-∂-Xmbn°mWmw. hniz-kn-°p-∂-hsc Bg-ta-dnb

injy-Xz-Øn-te°p hnfn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. kphn-ti-j-ß-

fn¬ BImw-£-bp≈ injy-∑m-scbpw (]-Tn-Xm-°ƒ

amXw) t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏´ injy-∑m-scbpw (hnizm-

kn-Iƒ) ka¿∏n-°-s∏´ injy-∑m-scbpw (ka¿∏n-

°-s∏´ hnizm-kn-Iƒ) ImWmw. eqt°m. 14:26 apX-

ep≈ thZ- m-K-ßƒ ]d-bp-tºmƒ GXp \ne-bn-ep≈

injy-∑m-sc-°p-dn-®m-bn-cn°mw InkvXphns‚ a\- n-

ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv? aØm. 10:37˛39 thZ- m-KØv I¿Ømhv

injy-∑m-tcm-SmWv ]d-bp-∂Xv (A-Xm-bXv aØm.

10:1˛2˛¬ At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cpsS t]cp-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂p-≠v)

eqt°m. 14:25 ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv ]pcp-jm-c-tØm-Sm-Wv.

eqt°m. 14˛s\ hymJym-\n-°p-tºmƒ AXv t_m≤y-

am-°-s∏´ injy-s\-°p-dnt®m (hn-izmkn) ka¿∏n-°-

s∏´ injy-s\-°p-dnt®m (k-a¿∏n-°-s∏´ hnizm-kn)

F¥p Xs∂ Bbm-epw, Cu hm°p-Iƒ hnizm-k-


181

Øm¬ amXw c£ F∂ AXncv hn´p-t]m-Ip-hm≥

]mSn√. Cu ]-Tn-∏n-°-ep-Isf Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw

hnizm-kn-I-tfmSpw (B-flnIPohn-X-Øn-s‚bpw ]ptcm-

K-Xn-bp-sS-bpw) _‘-s∏ v hnizm-k-Øm¬ amXw c£

F∂ Bi-b-Øn¬ Fßs\ ]tbm-Ktbm-Ky-am-°m-

sa∂p \mw Xocp-am-\n-°Ww.

a. sX‰n-≤m-c-W-Iƒ

eqt°m. 14:26 XpS-ßnb thZ- m-K-ßƒ sX‰mbn ]Tn-

∏n®v c£ ka¿∏-W-Øn-eqsSbpw XymK-Øn-eq-

sSbpamWv hcp-∂-sX∂ \nK-a-\-Øn-se-Øp-∂p.

I¿Ømhp c£bv°v Hcp hyhÿ \¬Ip-∂n-s√-¶n¬,

ITn-\amb ]hrØn-I-fn-eqsS amXta At∏mƒ c£

t\Sp-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q. Hcmƒ c£-t\-Sp-∂-Xn\p

IjvSw A\p- -hn-°p-Ibpw A\p-k-cn-°p-Ibpw thWw

(hmIyw 27). AXp-t]mse kIe ùXnI kº-Øp-I-

fn-ep-ap≈ \nb-¥Ww Dt]-£n-°Ww (hmIyw 33).

F¶n¬ Ir]bmepw c£ hnizmk-Øm¬ amX-am-Wv

F∂p ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ 150 ¬ A[nIw thZ- m-K-ßƒ°pw

F¥p kw -hn-°pw.

b. Ahn-izm-kn-I-ƒ°mbp≈ A¿∞w

eqt°m. 14: 26 apX-ep≈ thZ- m-K-ßƒ Ahn-izm-kn-I-

tfm-Sp-ff _‘-s∏-Sp-Øn-bm¬, At∏mgpw hnizm-kw-

amXw F∂ \ne-]m-Sn-t\mSp tbmPn-°p∂ hn[-Øn¬

hymJym-\n-°mw. Hcmƒ°v hnizm-kn-bmbnØocm≥

IpSpw-_sØ Dt]-£n-°-W-sa-∂pw, h[òj-Wnbpw

(A-Xm-bXv Iqiv hln-°pI) ZWvU-\hpw A`n-ap-Jo-

I-cn-°p-Itbm, hkvXp-h--I-Isfms° \jvS-am-hp-Itbm

sNøp∂ kmaq-lnI kml-Ncyw D≠m-bm¬ t]mepw

InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ Xocp-am-\n-°-Ww.

hnizmkw IjvS-∏m-Sn\p Imc-W-am-bmepw Hcmƒ

At∏mgpw hniz-kn-°Ww. ImcWw c£- h-cp-∂Xv

hnizm-k-Øm-emWv ]pcp-jm-c-Øn¬ Bsc-¶nepw

C\nbpw hniz-kn®v t_m≤y-am-°-s∏´ injy≥ (hn-

izm-kn) BI-Wsa∂p-s≠-¶n¬ \¬tI≠ hnebpw

A\p-`-hn-t°≠ XymKhpw F¥p Xs∂-bm-bmepw

hniz-kn-°-Ww. InkvXp-hn¬ Bcw- n-°p∂ Cu Pohn-

X-Øn-\-∏p-d-ambn I¿Ømhv C—n-°p-∂Xv CXnepw Bg-

ta-dnb injy-Xz-sØ-bmWv . c£-bv°p-th≠n ssZhw

Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw (hn-izm-kw), A\p-K-an-°p-hm≥

Bcw- n-®-Xn¬ \n∂p ssZhw ]q¿Æ-ambn Bh-iy-s∏-

Sp-∂Xpw XΩn¬ Hcp kºq¿Æ-amb hyXym-k-ap-≠v.

tbip-hns\ ain-l-bmbn AwKo-I-cn®v F√m `b-ß-

sfbpw AXn-Po-hn®v Hu]-Nm-cn-I-ambn injy-∑m-cmbn

Øocp-hm≥ ]pcp-jm-c-Ønse Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ i≤n-

t°-≠-Xm-bn- p≠v. 61 Ah¿°v injy-Xz-Øns‚ Cu

hiw hfsc ][m-\-s∏- -Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ CXn-t\mSp

tN¿∂v thsdbpw ]mtbm-KnIhi-ßƒ I¿Øm-hns‚

ktµ-i-Øn-ep-≠v. ap≥]p- Xs∂ hnizm-k-Øn-te°p

h∂-h-tcm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ tbip-hns‚ ktµ-i-Øn-

ep≈ injy-Xz-tØmSp _‘-s∏´p a‰p k-Xy-ßƒ

IqSp-X¬ ]k‡-am-Wv.

c. hnizm-kn-I-ƒ°mbp≈ A¿∞w.

eqt°mkv 14 ˛¬ injy-Xz-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ ]kwKw

Hcp kΩn-i-amb ]pcp-jm-c-tØm-SmWv \S-Øn-b-sX∂p

IcpXmw. timXm-°-fn-ep-ff Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ hnizm-

k-Øm¬ t_m≤y-am-°-s∏´ injy-Xz-Øn-te°p hc-

Ww. tbip Ah-sc-°p-dn®v Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂ ][m\

]Xn-I-cWw XpS-°-Ønse ]th-i-\-am-Wv. At∏m-

kvX-e-∑m¿ Ct∏mƒØs∂ t_m≤y-am-°-s∏´ injy-

∑m-cmWv. A-h¿°v (c£ kzoI-cn® a-s‰-√m-h¿°pw)

injy-Xz-tØmSp _‘-s∏´ I¿Øm-hns‚ hm°p-Iƒ

]q¿Æ-amb ka¿∏-W-Øn-te°p \bn-°p-hm-\p-≈-

XmWv. I¿Øm-hns\ Ah-cpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ H∂mw

ÿm\Øv kzoI-cn-®-Xp-t]mse, Ah-cpsS ka¿∏Ww

\ne-\n¬°p-hm\pw hf-cp-hm\pw I¿Ømhv Ahsc

Blzm\w sNøp-∂p. c£n-°-s∏-´-h¿ as‰Xp am\-

knIamb _‘-sØ-°mƒ D]cn, I¿Øm-hn\p Xß-

fpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ ]Y-a-ÿm\w \¬I-W-sa∂p

Ah≥ Ah-sc-°p-dn®v BK-ln-°p∂p(hmIyw 26).

Xs‚ \nanØw IjvSX kzoI-cn-°p-hm≥ I¿Ømhv

hnizm-kn-I-tfmSp ]d-bp∂p. amX-a-√, ]q¿Æ-amb

A\p-k-c-Whpw Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p (hmIyw 27). I¿Øm-

hn-\p-th≠n Ah¿°p≈sX√mw hn´p-]n-cn-bp-hm-\p≈

k∂-≤X Ah≥ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂p (hmIyw 33). At∏m-

kvX-e-∑m-tcmSpw (a-‰p≈ F√m hnizm-kn-I-tfmSpw)


61 Hu]-Nm-cnI injy≥ F∂ Ipg∏w ]nSn® ]tbmKw Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ D]-tbm-Kn--®n-cn-°p-∂p, ImcWw injy-∑m¿Xmev°m-en-I-ambn ]Tn-°p-∂-h¿ F∂ \ne-bn¬ injy-∑mcmbn-cn-°p∂p (tbm-l. 6:66 set∏m-se) F¶nepw Ah-cn-e-[n-Ihpw InkvXphns\ A\p-K-an-°p-hm-\p≈ Hcp Xocp-am-\hpw FSp-Øn-ń-√. as‰mcp A¿∞-Øn¬ Ah¿ icn-bmb injy-∑m-c√ eqt°m. 14- ¬ I¿Ømhv injy-Xz-Øn-\mbn Blzm\w \¬Ip-∂p. tbip-InkvXphns\ c£n-Xmbn AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-hm-\p≈ BZy Xocp-am\w FSp-°p-∂-Xphsc Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°p Cu ktµ-i-Øns‚ Bg-Øn-ep-ff A¿∞w ]kv‡-a-√. Ah-cpsS BflnI \ne-hm-c-Øn¬ InkvXp Ah-sc-°p-dn®v BK-ln-°p-∂Xv Ah¿InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°-W-sa-∂mWv. At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿apsº Xs∂ InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-Ø-h-cm-Wv. Ah-cpsS Bflnb ]ptcm-K-Xn-bpsS hne-bn-cp-Øen¬ InkvXp-hn\p Ah-tcm-Sp≈ ktµiw, ]q¿Æ-ambn ka¿∏n-°-s∏´ injy-Xz-Øns‚ ]mX-bn¬ apt∂-dp-hm-\mWv.

182

_‘-s∏ v injyXzw IqSp-X¬ ]ptcm-KXn ]m]n-®p.

BflobPo-hn -X-Øn¬ ]mtbmKnI-am -°p-hm≥

I¿Ømhv Blzm\w sNøp-∂p.

A]-IS ]q¿Æ-amb temI-Øn¬ hniz -kn -°p-

hm≥th≠n A]-IS km≤y-X-Isf kzoI-cn-®p-sIm≠v

]Xn-I-cWw Bcw- n-°p-hm-\mWv Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfmSv

Blzm\w sNøp-∂-Xv. eqt°m. 14:26˛33 thZ-`mKw

Hcmƒ°v Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfmSp _‘-s∏-SpØn

amXtam (F¥p hne sImSp-t°≠n h∂mepw

I¿Øm-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-I) As√-¶n¬ hnizm-kn-

I-tfmSp amXtam (I¿Øm-hn\p ]q¿Æ-amb

ka¿∏Ww ]Y-a-ambn \¬Ip-I) I¿Ømhv kwkm-

cn-°p-∂-Xmbn hymJym-\n-°mw. F∂m¬ c£bv°v

ASn-ÿm\w hy‡n-]-c-amb XymKw, IjvSX A\p-

k-cWw Ch-bm-sW∂ hn[Øn¬ eqt°m. 14:26˛33

hymJym-\n-°p-hm≥ B¿°pw Ah-Im-i-an-√.

M. I¿Xr-Xz- c£

tbip-InkvXp I¿Øm-hm-sW∂ hkvXpX AwKo-I-

cn-°pI F∂p-≈Xv c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-Øn¬ AS-

ßn-bn- p≠v (tdm-a. 10:9 At∏m. ]h. 16:31). InkvXp-

hns\ ssZh-]p-X-\b bPam\\mbn°mWWw.

ss__n-fnse InkvXp-hns\ a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xns‚

`mK-am-Wn-Xv. \nXy-ambn kpc£n-X-ambn kq£n-°p-

∂-Xn-\p-th≠n Bflm-hns\ I¿Øm-hns‚ Ic-ß-fn¬

ka¿∏n-°p-∂p-ap-≠v. ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂v, G‰hpw Ipd-

™Xv ]m]-Øns‚ in£-bn¬ \n∂v hnSp-X¬ e`n-

°-W-sa∂p≈ BKlw c£-bv°mbn InkvXp-hn¬

Bi-bn-°p-∂-Xn¬ AS-ßn-bn- p-≠v. hnizm-khpw a’-

chpw XΩn-ep≈ hyXymkw ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ \¬In-

bn-cn-°p-∂Xp t]mse, a’-c-a-t\m-`m-h-tØm-sSm∏w

c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw \ne-\n-e-\n¬°p-∂Xv Akm

≤yw. InkvXp ssZh-am-sW∂ hniz-kn-°p∂ hy‡n

InkvXp-hns\ A\p-k-cn-°-W-sa∂v Adn-b-Ww.

""I¿Xr-Xz- c£-bn¬'' Cu Imcy-ßƒ amXamWp AS-

ßn-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ AXns\ icn-sb∂p A¿∞-Øn¬

]cn-K-Wn-°m-am-bn-cp-∂p. F¶nepw InkvXp bP-am-\-

\m-b-Xp-sIm≠v Ahs\ A\p-k-cn-°p-hm-\p≈ DØ-

c-hm-ZnXzw Hmtcm-cp-Ø¿°pw Ds≠-∂p≈ hkvXpX

AwKo-I-cn-t°-≠-XmWv. F∂m¬ InkvXp-hns\

Du¿÷-kz-e-ambn A\p-k-cn-°p-∂Xpw A\p-k-cn-°p-

hm-\p≈ hmKvZm\w sNøp-∂Xpw hn`n-∂-amb Imcy-

am-Wv. AXp-t]mse Hcmƒ Xs‚ Bflm-hns‚ \nXyX

InkvXp-hns‚ Ic-ß-fn¬ \¬Ip-∂Xv Hcp Imcyhpw,

Pohn-X-Øns‚ Hmtcm taJebpw I¿Øm-hn-\mbn

hnt[-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-°p-∂Xv as‰mcp Imcy-hp-am-Wv.

Hcp ]m]n°v InkvXp-hns\ A\p-k-cn-°p-hm-\p≈

BK-l-ap-≠v. F∂m¬ Ah\v AXn\p Ign-bp-sa∂

Imcy-Øn¬ bmsXmcp hnizm-k-an-√. Hcmƒ°v InkvXp-

hn¬ Bi-bn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-tºmƒ c£ t\Sm≥ aXn-

bmb Af-hn¬ ]m]-tam-N\w t\Sm≥ t\csØ Xs∂

BK-ln-®n- p-s≠-∂p-≈Xv \mw Hm¿Øn-cn-°Ww.

InkvXp-hn-t\m-Sp≈ A\p-k-cWw bp‡n-]q¿Æhpw

c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-tØmSp s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ kzm`m-

hnI^e-am-sW-∂p≈ Imcy-Øn¬ B¿°pw A`n-

]mbhyXymkw D≠m-I-bn-√. Hcmƒ Xs‚ Bflm-

hns‚ \nXyamb `mhn InkvXp-hn\p \¬In-sb-¶n¬,

Ah-\p-th≠n k¿∆hpw ka¿∏n-°-Ww. InkvXp

ssZh-am-sW∂pw A\p-k-cn-°-s∏-tS-≠-h-\m-sW∂pw

Hcmƒ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ ASpØ ]Sn A\p-

k-c-W-amWv. F¶nepw I¿Xr-Xzc£sb kzoI-cn-°p-

∂-h¿ km[m-cW sNøp-∂-Xp-t]mse, Hcp ]q¿Æ-amb

A\p-k-c-Wtam, As√-¶n¬ ]q¿Æ-amb A\p-k-c-W-

Øn-\p≈ hmKvZm-\tam c£ t\Sp-hm≥ thW-sa∂p

]Tn-∏n-®m¬ AXv Kpcp-X-c-amb sX‰m-Wv.

""InkvXp F√m-h-cp-sSbpw I¿Øm-h-s√-¶n¬, Ah≥

I¿Øm-thb√'' F∂p≈ hm°p-Iƒ `‡n-bp≈Xpw

\oXn-bp-≈XpambntØm∂mw. F∂m¬ Kuc-h-X-c-amb

sX‰mbn CXns\ X≈n-°-f-tb-≠-XmWv. BZy-ambn

]pXn-b-\n-baw apgp-h≥ c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿°p≈

Iev]-\-I-fm-bn-´mW.v Ah-tcmSmWp InkvXp-hn\p

Xß-sf-Øs∂ ]q¿Æ-ambn ka¿∏n-∏n≥ F∂p ]d-

™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv(D-Zm-l-c-W-ßƒ tdma. 6:12˛13; 12:1˛2;

^nen. 3:12˛15. bmt°m. 3:2; 4:8). F√m Iev]\Ifpw

hnizm-kn-Iƒ°mWv. F∂m¬ Ah¿ ]q¿Æ-ambn

ka¿∏n-°-s∏- -h-c-√. AXp-sIm≠v Hcmƒ°v InkvXp-

hn-t\m-Sp≈ ]q¿Æ-amb A\p-k-cWw IqSm-sXbpw

c£n-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Ignbpw (AXv Hcn-°epw s]mcp-

Ø-s∏-Sp-I-bn-s√-¶n-epw). c≠m-a-Xmbn ssZhw F¥v

Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-s∂∂pw, IqSmsX Ah≥ c£-bv°p-

th≠n F¥v Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh∂pw XΩn-ep≈

hyXymkw Hcmƒ \n¿_-‘-ambn Adn-™n-cn-°-Ww.

c£-bpsS hyhÿ hnizmkw amXw F∂p ]Tn-∏n-

°p∂ 150-˛¬ A[nIw thZ-`m-K-ß-fp-≠v. CXns‚

A¿∞w tbip-In-kvXp-hn¬ Bi-bn® Hcmƒ tbip-

In-kvXp-hns‚ I¿XrXzw aXn-bmb Af-hn¬ Adn-bp-

Ibpw c£ t\SØ-°-hn-[-Øn¬ aXn-bmb Af-hn¬

A\p-k-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p F∂m-Wv.

InkvXp-hns‚ I¿Xr-Xz-Øn\p Iogvs∏-Sp-sa∂p ssZhw

Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂Xv kXy-am-Wv, F∂m¬ c£-bv°p≈

GI-tbm-KyX hniz-kn-°p-I-bm-Wv. I¿Xz-c£-tbmSp

_‘-s∏´p aq∂m-asØ ]iv\w. CXv kq£va cq]-


183

Øn-ep≈ ]hrØn-I-fm-Wv. InkvXp bP-am-\-\mWv

F∂p≈ at\m- mhw c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-Øn¬ AS-

ßn-bn-´p-≠v. AXp-sIm≠v InkvXp-hns\ A\p-k-cn-

°-W-sa∂p ]m]n a\- n-em-°p-∂p. F∂n-cp-∂mepw,

tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ hy‡n-XzsØ icn-bmbn a\- n-

em-°p∂ c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-Øns‚ hi-ß-fmW.v

Hcmƒ c£sb InkvXphns‚ I¿Xr-Øn\p ]q¿Æ-

ambn A\p-k-c-W-Øn-tem, As√-¶n¬ InkvXp-hns‚

I¿Xr-Xz-Øn\p ]q¿Æ-ambn hnt[-b-s∏-Sp-sa∂ hmKvZm-

\-Øntem Bi-bn®pI≠m¬, At∏mƒ a\p-jys‚

]hrØn-bn¬ (h-enb am\p-jnI ]cn-i-a-ßƒ) ASn-

ÿm-\-s∏-Sp-Øn-bmWv c£sb ImWp-∂-Xv. Hcmƒ c-

£sb InkvXp-hns‚ I¿Xr-Xz-tØmSp ]q¿Æ-ambn

hnt[-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn¬ Ipd-™-Xmbn ImWp-∂n-s√-¶n¬,

At∏mƒ c£ \¬Ip-∂-Xn\v Bh-iy-amb InkvXp-

hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-Øn¬ InkvXp-hns‚ I¿Xr-Xz-Øn\p

]q¿Æ-ambn Iogvs∏-Sepw Dƒs∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p F∂p

ImWp-∂-Xn¬ F¥mWv ]iv\w? c£-bv°p≈ Hcp

hyh-ÿ-bm-Ip-∂n-s√-¶n¬ InkvXp-hns‚ I¿Xr-Xz-

Øn-te-°p≈ hnfn \oXn]q¿Æ-am-Wv. ""I¿Xr-XzsØ''

c£-tbmSp _‘n-®m¬ ^ew ]hrØn-bmW.v AXm-

bXv Zpcp-]-tZiw. Ah-km-\-am-bn, Hcp Ahn-izm-kn°v

]q¿Øn-bm-°m≥ Ign-bm-Ø hyh-ÿ-bm-Wv I¿Xr-Xz-

Øn-ep≈ c£. c£ \ymb-]-amWw A\p-jvTn-°p-

∂-Xn-eq-sS-bmWv F∂p ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ Xoh blqZ

Nn¥m-K-Xn-°m-cpambn CXn\p kmay-ap-≠v. \ymb-]-

amWw BN-cn®v c£ t\SpI Akm-≤y-amWv (K-em.

2:14˛16). AXp-t]m-se-bmWv I¿Xr-Xz-c£. ]m]w Dt]-

£n-°m≥ ]d-bp-∂Xpw (A-s√-¶n¬ ]m]w Dt]-£n-

°p-hm-\p≈ hmKvZm-\w) InkvXp-hns‚ A[n-Im-c-Øn-

\p≈ kºq¿Æ-amb ka¿∏n-°epw c£-bv°p apºv

Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂Xv (In-kvXp-hns‚ A[n-Im-c-Øn\p

Iogvs∏-Sm-sa-∂p≈ hmKvZm-\hpw) Hcp ]m]n°v Akm-

≤y-am-b -Im-cy-am-Wv. ]m]-Øns‚ B[n-]-XysØ

XI¿°p-hm≥ c£n-°-s∏-SmØ Hcmƒ°v Ign-bp-I-

bn√ (tbm-l. 8:34). amX-a-√, Pohn-X-Imew apgp-h≥

]m]sØ AXn-Po-hn®v InkvXp-hns\ A\p-k-cn-°p-

sa∂p ]Xn⁄sbSp-°p-hm≥ kzb-Øn\p Ign-bp-

sa∂p JWvUn-X-ambn∏d-bp-hm≥, c£n-°p∂ hnizm-

k-Øn\p kzb-sØ-°p-dn®v bmsXmcp Bfl-hn-izm-k-

an-√. tbip-InkvXp bP-am-\≥ BsW-∂p≈ Imcyw

c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-Øm¬ Adn-bp-hm≥ Ignbpw.

]m]sØ Pbn-°p-∂-Xn-ep≈ ]q¿Æ-amb \nk-lm-b-

hÿ c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-Øn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂

at\m- m-h-am-Wv. ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p hnSpX¬ ]m]n-°p-

hm-\p≈ tbmKy-X-bmbn ssZhw ImWp-∂Xv InkvXp-

hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-am-Wv. F∂m¬ ]m]sØ Dt]-£n-

°m-sa∂pw ]q¿Æ-ambn Iog-S-ß-W-sa-∂p≈ henb

hmKvZm\w sNø-hm≥ kzb-Øn\p hnizm-k-an-√.- kz-b-

Øns‚ Iogn-em-i-bn-®p-sIm≠v ]m]sØ Dt]-£n-°m-

sa∂p≈ hmKvZØw sNøp-Ibpw InkvXp-hns\ ]q¿

Æ-ambn A\p-k-cn-°m-sa-∂p≈ kzb-Øns‚ Ign-hn¬

c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw Bi-bn-°p-∂n√. Aß-s\-

bp≈ Hcp ka¿∏Ww sNøp-hm-\p≈ Ignhv c£bv°v

tij-amWv e`n-°p-∂-Xv. c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\-tijw

amX-amWv Hcmƒ°v ]m]sØ Dt]-£n-°p-∂-Xnepw

InkvXp-hns\ I¿Øm-hmbn AwKo-I-cn-°p-hm\pw Ign-

bp-∂-Xv.

ab-°p-a-cp-∂n-\-Sn-a-bmb Bƒ elcnhntamN\tIµ

Ønep≈ InkvXp-hn¬ Bi-bn°Ø° Af-hn-ep≈

hnizm-k-ap≠mbn-cn-°mw. tbip-InkvXp I¿Øm-sh∂v

hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p-≈ tamN\w BK-

ln-°p-Ibpw kz`m-hsØ Dt]-£n-°p-Ibpw InkvXp-

hns‚ I¿Xr-Xz-Øn\v ]q¿Æ-ambn Ah≥ A\p-k-cn-

°-W-sa∂p Hcp -In-kvXym\n ]d-™m¬, ]mh-s∏´

B ZpcnX Pohn-X°m-c-\n¬ \n∂p Akm-≤yImcy-

amWv tNmZn-°p-∂-Xv. Bk‡n \nd™ Bfn\v apgp-

h-\m-bn v ]m]sØ Dt]-£n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-s√∂v

Adnbmw. amX-a√ AXv Dt]-£n-°p-hm≥ hmKvZm\w

sNøm≥ t]mepw Ign-hn-√. Ah≥ tbipIn-kvXp-

hns‚ I¿Xr-Xz-Øn\p Iogvs∏-S-W-sa∂v BK-ln-°p-

I-t]mepw sNømw, kXy-Øn¬ Ah-s\-s°m≠v AXv

km[n-°p-I-bn-√, AXv Ahs\ Adn-bp-Ibpw sNømw.

AXp-sIm≠v Ah\p c£n-Xm-hns\ Bh-iy-am-bn- p-

≈Xv. A⁄X \n-d™ hnizm-kn-Iƒ Ah≥ ]m]w

Dt]-£n-°-W-sa∂p ]dbpw. ]m]w Dt]-£n-°p-hm≥

]Xn⁄ FSp-°-W-sa∂p ]dbpw. F∂n´v tbip-

hns\ I¿Øm-hmbn AwKo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ ]dbpw.

F∂m¬ CXn\p hn]-co-X-am-bn- mWv ssZhw BK-ln-

°p-∂-Xv, Ah≥ \nk-lm-b-\pw, \ncm-i-\p-am-sW-∂p≈

Imcyw a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ ssZhw BK-ln-°p-∂p. I]-

Shpw s]mß®w \nd-™-Xp-amb hmKvZm-\-ßƒ ]q¿Æ-

ambn shSn-bWw F∂mWv ssZhw BK-ln-°p-∂Xv.

Aß-s\-bp≈ ]m]-Øn¬ hoW-h¿°v \√ a\- m--

£n-tbmsS Aß-s\-bp-≈ ]Xn-⁄-Iƒ \S-Øp-hm≥

Ign-bn√ F∂p Ah¿ a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ ssZhw BK-

ln-°p-∂p. Bk‡n \nd-™-hcpw as‰√m ]m]n-Ifpw

]m]w G‰hpw i‡-am-sW∂p a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw

tbip-In-kvXp-hn-\-√msX ]m]-Øns‚ i‡n-bn¬

\n∂p c£n-°p-hm≥ a‰m¿°pw Ign-bp-I-bn-s√∂p a\-

n-em-°pIbpw thWw. ssZhw c£-bv°mbn \ho-I-

c-W-Øn-\p-ff ]Xn-⁄-Iƒ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂n-√. ]m]-


184


Øns‚ sIWn-bm¬ \ncm-i-\mbn hoWn-cn-°p∂psh-

∂p≈ hn]-co-X-amb at\m-`m-h-amWv Bh-iyw.

At∏mƒ ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p-≈ hnSp-X-en-\mbn (]m-]-

Øns‚ in£-bn¬ \n∂pw i‡n-bn¬ \n∂pw)

InkvXp-hn¬ ]q¿Æ-amb Bi-bn-°W-sa∂v t_m≤y-

am-Ipw, CXmWv hnizm-k-Øm-ep≈ c£-tbmSv

IqSpX¬ s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. InkvXym-\n-Iƒ k¬]-

hrØn-Iƒ sNbvXv c£-tbmSp a‰v hyh-ÿ-Iƒ Iqń-

t®¿Øv kphn-tijw kzmb-Ø-am-°-W-sa∂v kmØm

≥ B-K-ln-°p-∂p. \ho-I-c-W-Øn-\m-h-iy-amb hy¿∞-

amb Bfl-]-iwk \S-Øp-hm-\p≈ kzb-Øn-ep≈

hnizmkw Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-hm≥ kmØm≥ kphn-ti-j-

I-∑msc hgn-sX-‰n-°p-∂p. ssZhw BK-ln-°p-∂Xv

CX-am-Xw, ]m]n°v I¿Øm-hmb tbip-hnepw

Ahs‚ Iqinepw hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ Bh-iy-amb

\ne-bn¬ ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ hnSp-X¬ thW-sa-

∂m-Wv.

N. ]m¿∞-\bpw c£n-°p∂ hnizm-khpw

hnizmkw ]I-S-am-°p-hm-\p-ff ssZh-Øm¬ AwKo-

I-cn-°-s∏´ am¿§w Xo¿®-bmbpw ]m¿∞-\-bm-Wv.

tdma. 10:8 ---- ¬ Xm≥ Fß-s\-bmWv kphn-ti-jo-I-cWw

\S-Øp-∂-sX-∂p≈Xns‚ amXrI ]utemkv \¬Ip-

∂p. AhnsS Xs‚ hm°p-Iƒ ""AXp Rßƒ ]kw-

Kn-°p∂ hnizm-k-h-N\w'' F∂p-≈Xv hn]p-eo-I-cn-®m¬

""hnizmkw Df-hm-°p∂ kphn-ti-jo-I-c-W-Øn¬

Rßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ hN\w'' F∂p hcpw.

XpS¿∂p≈ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ ]utemkv Cßs\

t]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂p. ""I¿Øm-hns‚ \maw hnfn-®-t]-

£n-°pI'' (hmIyw 12˛13) tbip-InkvXp I¿Øm-hm-

sW∂v ssZh-tØmSv G‰p-]-d-bpI (hmIyw 9). Hcmƒ

Xs‚ hnizmkw ]m¿∞-\-bn-eqsS ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-hm≥

\n¿t±-in-°p∂ kphn-ti-jo-I-c-W-Øns‚ G‰hpw \√

coXn-bmbn IW-°m-°mw.

F¶nepw shdpw ]m¿∞-\-b√ c£n-°p-∂Xv ]m¿∞-

\-bn-eqsS ]I-S-am-Ip-∂ hnizm-k-amWv. c£n°-s∏-

Sp-hm≥ th≠ -Btcm ]d-™p- X∂ Nne hm°p-Iƒ

Hcmƒ°v shdpsX Dcp-hn-Sp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xn-s\-b√

CXv ImWn-°p-∂-Xv. ]m¿∞-\-bn¬ hnizmkw ]I-S-

am-Ip-∂n-s√-¶n¬ c£ kw -hn-°p-∂n√.-

Iq-Sp-X¬ ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb Hcp tNmZyw c£ -]m-

]n-°p-∂-Xn\p Hcp ]m¿∞\ Hgn-®p-Iq-Sm-\m-hm-ØtXm?

c£bv°v hnizmkw amXw aXn F∂p ]Tn-∏n-°p∂

][m\ thZ- m-K-ß-fn-sem∂pw ê-Øn¬ ]m¿∞-\-

sb-°p-dn®v ImWp-∂n-√. ""I¿Øm-hn¬ hniz-kn-°pI''

F∂mWv Iev]\ A√msX I¿Øm-hn¬ hniz-kn®v

]m¿∞n-°pI F∂-√.

IqSmsX, ss__n-fnse IYm-]m-X-ß-fmb ]sXmk,v

bmt°m_v, tbml-∂m≥ XpS-ßn-b-h¿ c£ t\Snb

Hcp ]tXyI \nanjw Is≠-Øm≥ ian-°p∂ thZ

hnZym¿∞n hnja L´-Øn-em-bn-Xo-cpw. hnizmkw

]IS-am-°m-hp∂ G‰hpw \√ am[yaw ]m¿∞-\-bm-

bn-cn-°p-tºmƒØs∂, ]m¿∞-\-bn-eqsS shfn-s∏-Sp-

Øn-bmepw Cs√-¶nepw c£-bpsS GI hyhÿ

hnizmkw amX-am-Wv. InkvXphn¬ Bi-bn-®n- p-s≠-

¶n¬ c£ Dd-∏m-Wv. Cu hnizmkw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂

Hcp ]m¿∞\ C]-Im-c-am-Wv. ImcWw AXv B

hy‡n°v c£- e- n®p F∂ Imcyw Dd-∏m-°p-I-bmWv.

F¶nepw ]m¿∞n-®mepw Cs√-¶nepw lrZ-b-Øn¬

hnizm-k-ap-t≠m-sb∂mWv ssZhw t\m°p-∂Xv.

]m¿∞-\-bpsSbpw c£-bp-sSbpw taJ-e-bn¬Øs∂

k¥pe\w Bh-iy-am-Wv. hnizmkw ]-I-S-am-°m≥

th≠n Bfp-I-tfmSv ]m¿∞n-°p-hm≥ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-

∂Xv t]m’m-l-P-\-amWv. Hcp hy‡n c£-bv°mbn

]m¿∞n® kabw Hm¿°m≥ Ign-bp-sa-∂n-√ F¶nepw,

B hy‡n c£n-°-s∏ń√ F∂p≈ \nK-a-\-Øn-se-

Øp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-X-√. Ft∏m-gmWv hnizmkw Bcw-

`n-®-sX∂p Hm¿°m≥ Ign-bp-s∂-¶n¬ AXp hfsc \√-

Xm-Wv. hnizmkw Bcw- n® ka-b-sØ-°mƒ hy‡n-

bpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ hnizm-k-Øns‚ km∂n-≤y-amWv

G‰hpw ][m-\-s∏- -Xv. Hcp hy‡n X\n°v InkvXp-

hn-\mepw Ah-s‚ -Iq-inepw hnizm-k-ap-s≠∂v kXy-

k-‘-ambpw Bflm¿∞-ambpw ka¿∞n-®m¬ Ah\p

c£-bp-≠v. hnizmkw Nne-t∏mƒ kmh-[m-\-Øn¬

h¿≤n-°m-dp-≠v. ]sXm-kns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ Cßs\

kw -hn-®p-sb∂p Icp-Xmw. As√-¶n¬ Nne-t∏mƒ \mS-

Io-b-ambn h¿≤n-°mw. AXp \mw ]utem-kns‚ Imcy-

Øn¬ ImWp-∂p. c£-bpsS hyhÿ hnizmkw

amXw. hnizm-k-Øns‚ km∂n≤yw Ign-™n-´p≈

ÿm\sa hnizm-k-Øns‚ Bcw` -k-abw AXv ]I-

S-am-°-s∏´ hn[w Ch-bv°p≈q

O. D]-kw-lmcw

Cu k¶o¿Æ-ß-fmb ]T-\-ß-sf√mw Hcp efn-X- \n-

K-a-\-Øn-eqsS Hcp efn-X-amb kphn-ti-j-Øn-se-Øp-

∂p. c£-bpsS hyhÿ hnizmkw amXw ""Fs‚

ssIIfn¬ Rm≥ H∂pw sIm≠phcp∂n√, \ns‚

Iqint\mSp ]‰nt®cp∂tXbp≈q '' ]cn-]q¿Æamb

Hcp PohnXw ssI\n-dsb ssZh-Øn\p \¬Ip-∂-X√

c£. c£n-Xm-hns‚ tbmKyXbmepw Ahs‚

Iqinse ]cn-]q¿Æ-amb the-bn¬ \n∂pw F√m

Ir]bpw Icp-Wbpw Hgn™ ssIIƒ \oń taSn-°p-

185


∂-XmWv c£. ss__n-fn¬ Iev∏n-°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂

hnizmkw tbip-In-kvXp-hnepw Ahs‚ Iqinse

the-bnepw Nmcp-I, Bi-bn-°p-I, Bew-_-am-°p-I

F∂Xm-Wv. Nne¿ Cu "D]-tZ-isØ' "Ffp∏

hnizmkw' F∂p ]d™v ]cn-l-kn-t®-°mw. F∂m¬,

ss__nƒ CXns\ Ir] F∂mWv hnfn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv!

186


187

A≤ymbw 9


`mKw III :c£bpsS ^eßƒ

cq]tcJ

I. \nXy-Po-h≥

II. ]p\¿P-\\w ˛ ]pXp-P-\\w

III.]pXXzw/]pX∑msc∂ \nebn¬ ZsØ-Sp-°¬

1V.\oXo-I-cWw

A. \oXo-I-cWØn-\p≈ \n¿h-N\w: \oXn-am-∑m-

cmbn ]Jym-]n-°p-∂-tXm, \oXn-am-∑m-cm-°p-

∂tXm?

1. atXXc Ko°nse \oXoI-cWw

2. ]g-b -\n-b-a-Ønse \oXo-IcWw

3. ]pXnb \nb-a-Ønse \oXo-I-cWw

4. \oXo-I-c-W-hp-ambn _‘ap≈ Ko°v

]Zß-fpsS ]tbm-K-ßƒ i≤n-°pI

B. \oXo-I-c-W-Øns‚ kabw: `qX-Im-e-tam,

`mhn-Im-etam?

1. \o-Xo-I-c-W- ka-bw, c£n-°-s∏-Sp∂

kab-Øns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬

2. ""\oXo-I-cn-°-s∏-SpI'' F∂ hm°v `qX-

Ime-Øn¬

a. 1 sImcn. 6:11

b. XotØm. 3:7

c. tdma. 5:1, 9

d. tdma. 6:7

e. tdma. 8:30

3. ""\oXoI-cn-°-s∏-SpI'' F∂ hm°v

h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-Øn¬

a. At∏m. 13:39

b. tdma. 3:28

c. tdma. 3:24

d. a‰p≈h

4. ""\oXoI-cW-sØ-°p-dn®v hnh-cn-°p∂

B[n-Im-cn-I-am-bp≈ hmIy-ßƒ

a. Kem. 2:16˛17

b. Kem. 3:8- 9

c. Kem. 3:24˛26

5. A_m-lm-ans‚ amXrI

6. ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏´ kXy-ßƒ shfn-s∏-

Sp-Øp∂ \oXo-I-c-WØn-\p≈ \ma- cq]

ßƒ

a. \oXo-I-cWw

(1) tdma 3:22

(2) tdma 4:5

(3) tdma 5:17

(4) tdma 9:30

(5) tdma 10:4, 6a, 10a

(6) 1 sImcn. 1:30

b. ""\oXn-am-s\''-∂-Xn-\p≈ Ko°v ]Zw

(1) ]g-b-\n-ba ]›mØew(l-_. 2:4)

(2) ]utemkv l_. 2: 4 D≤-cn-®n-cn-

°p∂p

(a) tdma. 1:16˛17

(b)Kem. 3:11

7. D]-kw-lmcw˛\oXo-I-cW kabw

C. \oXo-I-c-W-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\w: hnizmkw

1. InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-Øm¬ e`n°p∂

\oXo-I-c-W-Øn\v ASn-ÿm-\-amb

aqe-hmIyw/ hN\w

a. ""\oXo-I-cn-°pI'' F∂ Inbm -]-Z-ßƒ

b. ""\oXo-I-cWw'' F∂ \maw

c. ""\oXo-am≥'' F∂ \ma-]Zw

2. Ir]-bm¬ kuP-\y-ambn e`n-°p∂ \oXo-

I-c-W-sØ-°p-dn®v ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ thZ- m-K-

ßƒ

3. \oXo-I-cWw ]hr-Øn-bm-e√ F∂v ]Tn-

∏n-°p∂ thZ- m-K-ßƒ

D. hnizm-kn-bpsS \oXn°v Dd-hnSw

188

1. ]g-b-\n-ba ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ ssZh-

a°ƒ°v IW-°n- n- p≈ ssZh-\oXn

2. ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ ssZh-a°ƒ°v -

IW°n- n´p-ff ssZh-\oXn

E. \oXo-I-cWw˛D]-kw-lmcw

V. k¬ ]-hrØnIƒ

A. bYm¿∞ c£bpsS ^eamWv k¬]-hr-

ØnIƒ-

B. bYm¿∞ c£ kz`m-hnI ]m]- kz- m-h-hpambn

s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂n√

C. \nXy-amb kpc-£-tbmSpw,]q¿Æ-ambn ]m]-

an-√mØ PohnXw Akm-≤y-amsW-∂pap≈

D]-tZ-i-hp-ambpw s]mcp-Øs∏Sp∂p-

D. ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-K-W\

1. ]m]-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\Øn¬ ]q¿Æ-

am-bn, c£ \ntj-[n-°p-∂-Xn-s\-Xn-sc-

bp≈ ap∂-dn-bn∏v

2. ]co-£n-°-s∏-Sp∂ kwi-b-ßƒ

3. kzb ]cn-tim-[\

4. ]m] Pohn-X-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb c£-bvs°-Xnsc-

bp≈ A]ISIcamb ]Xn-I-cWw

VI.hnip-≤o-I-cWw

A. ]g-b -\n-b-a-Ønse hnip-≤o-I-cWw

B. ]pXn-b- \n-b-a-Ønse hnip-≤o-I-cWw

1. ÿnXn- hn-h-cWw

2. th¿Xn-cn-°-s∏´ Ahÿbv°v ]m[m\yw

sImSp-°p∂p

3. ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂v th¿s] v kZm-Nmc

PohnX-Øn\v ]m[m\yw

4. hnip-≤o-I-c-W-Øns‚ `qXIme ho£Ww

5. hnip-≤o-I-c-W-Øns‚ h¿Ø-am\Ime

ho£Ww

6. hnip-≤o-I-c-W-Øns‚ `mhn-Ime ho£Ww

7. hnip-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-h≥

8. hnip-≤o-I-c-W-Øn-\p≈ am≤y-a-ßƒ

VII. \nXy-amb `ZX

A. \nXyamb `ZXbv°p≈ sXfnhpIƒ

1. hnj-bw \ntj-[-cq-]-Øn¬ ho£n-°p-

tºmƒ

a. Hcp InkvXym-\n-bpsS c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp-

sa¶n¬, InkvXphns‚ \oXn \jvS-s∏-

SWw

b. Hcp InkvXym\nbpsS c£ \jvS-s∏Sm

sa¶n¬ ssZhw k¿∆i‡\√. ssZh-

hN-\-Ønse ap≥\n¿Æ-bhpw sX‰mWv

c. Hcp InkvXym-\n-bpsS c£ tZmj ]hr

ØnIƒ sNøp∂Xn\mepw \∑]hr

ØnIƒ sNømXncn°p∂Xn\mepw

\jvSs∏Smsa¶n¬, AXv ]hr-Øn-I-

fpsS ASn-ÿm-\Øn-em-bn-cn°pw

d. Hcp InkvXym\n ]m]w sNbvXv c£

\jvS-s∏-Sp-Ibpw \c-I-Øn¬ t]mIp-I

bpw sNbvXm¬ InkvXp-hns‚

]mb-›nØw F√m ]m]-ßƒ°pw

]cn-lm-c-a√ F∂v hcpw

e. Hcp InkvXym-\n-bpsS c£ \jvS-s∏-

Sp-sa-¶n¬, ssZh]p-X≥ a≤y-ÿ≥

F∂ \ne-bn¬ ]cm-P-b-am-Wv.

f. Hcp InkvXym-\n-bpsS c£ \jvS-s∏-

Sp-sa-¶n¬, ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv apZ-bn- Xv

]cm-P-b-am-Wv

g. Hcp InkvXym\nbpsS c£

\jvSs∏Spsa¶n¬ ss__n-fnse

hmKvZ-Ø-ßƒ Ak-Xy-am-Ipw

h. Hcp InkvXym\nbpsS c£

\jvSs∏Spsa¶n¬ \sΩ kq£n-°p-hm-

\p≈ ssZh-Øns‚ BKlw ]cm-P-b-

s∏-Sp-∂p.

i. Hcp InkvXym\nbpsS c£ \jvS-s∏-

Smsa-¶n¬, c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂Xn\p≈

ImcWßƒ shfn-s∏-SpØmØ thZ-

]p-kvXIw Nn¥m-°p-g∏w D≠m-°p-∂p

2. hmkvX-hn-I-amb \ne-]m-Sn¬ hnjbw

ssIImcyw sNbvXm¬ \nXyamb `ZX

Xmsg∏d-bp∂ Imc-W-ß-fm¬ kXy-am-Wv:

a. InkvXphns‚ \oXn c£n-°p-∂p;

c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂n-√.

b. Xnc-s™-Sp∏pw ap≥\n¿Æ-bhpw

\nXyamb `ZX ]Jym-]n-°p∂p

c. c£ ]hr-Øn-bm¬ e`n-°p-∂Xpw

\ne -\n-ev°p-∂Xpw A√

d. In-kvXp-hns‚ ]mb›nØw ]q¿Æ-

Xbp-≈Xpw ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏- -Xpw

BWv

e. ]£hmZnsb∂ \nebn¬ InkvXp

`ZX Dd∏m-°p∂p

f. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ apZ- s]m- n-°p-

hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn√


189

g. At\I hmKvZ-Ø-ßƒ `ZX

Dd-∏m-°p∂p

h. ssZhw Xs‚ i‡n-bn¬ \sΩ

Im°p-∂p

i. c£ \jvS-s∏-Spsa-∂-Xn\v bmsXmcp

hN\mSnÿm\hp√

B. ]iv\ `mK-ßƒ hni-Zo-I-cn-®n-cn°p∂p

1. k¶o. 51:11

2. sbsl. 33:12˛20

3. aØm. 24:13

a. atlm-]-Z-h-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ imcocnI

c£

b. Bflo-b c£

(1) c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw

(2) atlm-]-Z-h- ÿnXnKXnIƒ

4. aØm. 25:30

5. tbml. 15:1˛8

a. bqZ Hcp apdn-°-s∏´ imJsb∂

\nebn¬

b. _me-in-£-bpsS ap∂-dn-bn∏v, ]Xn^ew

\jvS-s∏-Sp∂psh∂ ho£Ww

6. tdma. 11:11˛32

a. blqZ-∑m¿˛ PmXn-Iƒ ]iv\w

b. kzm`mhnI Henhp acw

c. Henhp ac-hp-ambn PmXn-Iƒ°p≈

_‘w

d. D]-kw-lmcw

7. 1 sImcn. 6:9˛10

8. 1 sImcn. 9:24˛27

9. 1 sImcn. 11:28˛32

10. 1 sImcn. 15:1˛2

11. Kem. 5:1˛4

a. \ymb-]-am-Ww Ir]bpw

b. Cu PohnXw ]tbm-P\ iq\yw

c. InkvXp-hn¬ \n∂v AI-∂p- t]mbn

d. D]-kw-lmcw Kem. 5:1˛4

12. 2 Xnsam. 2:12

13. F_mb teJ-\Øn¬ \n∂p≈ ap∂-

dn-bn-∏p- mKßƒ

a. F_mbteJ-\Øns‚ hmb-\-°m¿

b. H∂m-asØ `mKw F_m. 2:1˛4

(1) F_mb-cn¬ c£n-°-s∏-Sm-Øh¿

°v th≠n-bp-≈Xv

(2) hniz-kn-®-h¿°pth-≠n-bp-≈Xv

(3) D]-kw-lmcw

c. c≠m-asØ ap∂-dn-bn∏v F_mb¿

A≤ym-b-ßƒ 3˛4

(1) F_mb-cn¬ c£n-°-s∏-SmØ-h¿

°p th≠n-bp-≈Xv

(2) hniz-kn-®-h¿°v-

(3) D]-kw-lmcw

d. aq∂m-asØ ap∂-dn-bn∏v F_m. 6:1˛12

(1) F_m-b-cn¬ Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v

(2) hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v

(3) D]-kw-lmcw

e. \mem-asØ ap∂-dn-bn∏v F_m. 10:26˛31

(1) F_m-b-cn¬ Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v

(2) hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v

(a) F_m. 10:26˛31 hni-Zo-I-cWw

(b)F_m. 10:32˛39 hni-Zo-I-cWw

(3) D]-kw-lmcw

f. A©m-asØ ap∂-dn-bn∏v F_m. 12:25- 29

(1) AhnizmknIƒ°v

(2) hnizmknIƒ°v

(3) D]kwlmcw

g. F_m-b-te-J-\-Ønse ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Iƒ°v

D]kw-lmcw

14. bmt°m_v 2:18˛26

15. bmt°m_v 5:19˛20

16. 2 ]sXm. 1:10˛11

17. 2 ]sXm. 2:20˛22

18. 1 tbml. 5:16

19. Poh-]p-kvXIw shfn. 3:1˛6

C. \nXy-amb `ZX˛D]kw-lmcw

VIII. c£m-X-Xz-imkvXw D]-kw-lmcw

`mKw 3

c£-bpsS ^ew

I. \nXy-Po-h≥

tbip-In-kvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿°v \nXy-Po-h≥

hmKvZØw sNøp∂ At\I thZ- m-K-ßƒ ImWmw

(tbm-l. 3:15˛16; 4:14; 5:24; 6:40, 47; 10:28; tdma. 6:23;

1 tbml. 5:13).

""Bta≥ Bta≥, Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp ]d-bp∂p;


kn-°p-∂-h\v \nXy-Po-h≥ D≠v. Ah≥ \ymb-


190

hn-[n-bn¬ BImsX ac-W-Øn¬ \n∂v Poh-¶-

te°v IS-∂n-cn-°p∂p'' (tbml. 5:24).

""Rm≥ Ahbv°v \nXy-Po-h≥ sImSp-°p-∂p.

Ah Hcp-\mfpw \in-®p-t]m-I-bn-√. Bcpw

Ahsb Fs‚ Iøn¬ \n∂p ]nSn®p ]dn-°bpw

C√'' (tbm-l. 10:28).

""]m]-Øns‚ iºfw ac-W-asX; ssZh-Øns‚

Ir]m-h-ctam \ΩpsS I¿Øm-hmb tbip

InkvXp-hn¬ \nXy-Po-h≥ Xs∂'' (tdm-a. 6:23).

""ssZh-]p-Xs‚ \ma-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂

\nßƒ°v Rm≥ CXp Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv

\nßƒ°v \nXy-Po-h≥ Ds≠∂v \nßƒ Adn-

tb-≠-Xn\p Xt∂'' (1 tbml. 5:13).

c£n-°-s∏- -h-cpsS Pohs‚ Ime-ssZ¿Lyhpw ssZh-

Øns‚ Pohs‚ Ime-ssZ¿Lyhpw Htc hm°p-I-fn-

emWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv (tdm-a. 16:26; 1 Xnsam. 1:17; shfn.

4:10). CXv Hcn-°epw Ah-km-\n°mØ Hcp Poh-s\-

bmWv ImWn-°p-∂-Xv. kam-\m¿∞w hcp∂ ]Z-ß-

fmb Hcp-\mfpw acn -°-bn√ (tbml. 11:25˛26)

A-£-b¿ (1 sImcn. 15:52; 2 Xnsam. 1:10) CXns\

Dd-∏n-°p∂p.

\nXy-Po-h≥ F∂Xv Pohs‚ ssZ¿LysØ amX-a√,

AXns‚ \ne-hm-c-sØbpw kz`m-h-sØbpw ImWn-

°p∂p. ssZhsØ Adn-bp-∂-Xp--Xs∂ \nXy-Po-h-\m-

sW∂v InkvXp Hm¿∏n-°p∂p (tbm-l. 17: 3). Hcp

hnizm-kn°p e`n-°p∂ Poh≥, InkvXp-hns‚ Poh≥

]¶n-Sp∂ bmYm¿∞ysØ ImWn-°p∂p. InkvXp-

hns‚ Poh≥ Hcp hnizm-kn°v \evI-s∏-Sp-∂p. InkvXp-

hns‚ Poh≥ Hcn-°epw A-h-km-\n-°p-∂n√. Aßs\

hnizm -kn -bpsS Poh\pw \nXy -amb Ime-

tØ°p≈XmWv. \nXy-Po-h≥ F∂Xv InkvXp-hns‚

Poh≥ ]¶n-Sp-∂-Xm-sW∂v ]kvXm-hn-°p∂ hmIy-

ßfmWv Xmsgs°mSp-Øn- p-≈Xv:

""Ipd-t™m∂p Ign-™m¬ temIw Fs∂

ImWp-I-bn-√. \nßtfm Fs∂ ImWpw. Rm≥

Pohn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠p \nßfpw Pohn°pw;

Rm≥ Fs‚ ]nXm-hnepw \nßƒ F∂nepw

Rm≥ \nß-fnepw F∂v \nßƒ A∂v

Adnbpw (tbm-l.14:19˛20).

Aßs\ \mw Ahs‚ ac-W-Øn¬ ]¶m-fn-I-

fm-bn-Øo¿∂ kv\m\-Øm¬ Ah-t\m-Sq-IqsS

Ipgn-®n-S-s∏-´p. InkvXp acn®n´v ]nXm-hns‚

aln-a-bm¬ Pohn-s®--gp-t∂-‰-Xp-t]mse \mapw

Pohs‚ ]pXp-°-Øn¬ \S-t°-≠-Xn\p

Xs∂'' (tdm-a. 6:4).

""Rm≥ InkvXp-hn-t\m-Sp-IqsS Iqin-°-s∏- n-cn-

°p∂p; C\n Pohn-°p-∂Xp Rm\√ InkvXp-

hsX F∂n¬ Pohn-°p-∂p. Ct∏mƒ Rm≥

PU-Øn¬ Pohn-°p-∂tXm Fs∂ kvt\ln®p

F\n -°p -th≠n Xs∂-Øm≥ Gev]n®p -

sIm-SpØ ssZh-]p-X-¶-ep≈ hnizm-k-Øm-

etX Pohn--°p-∂Xv'' (Kem. 2:20).

Ah-tcmSp PmXn-I-fpsS CS-bn¬ Cu a¿Ω-

Øns‚ aln-am-[\w Fs¥∂v Adn-bn-∏m≥

ssZh-Øn\p CjvS-am-bn. B a¿Ωw al-Xz-

Øns‚ ]Xym-i-bmb InkvXp \nß-fn¬ Ccn-

°p∂p F∂p-≈Xp Xs∂(sImsem. 1:27).

AXn-I-a-ß-fnepw \nß-fpsS PU-Øns‚ AK-

N¿Ω-Ønepw acn-®-h-cm-bn-cp∂ \nß-sfbpw

Ah≥, Ah-t\m-Sp -IqsS Pohn -∏n -®p ''

(sIm-sem. 2:13).

BI-bm¬ \nßƒ InkvXp-hn-t\m-Sp-IqsS

Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-‰n-cn-°p∂p F¶n¬ InkvXp

ssZh-Øns‚ he-Øp-`m-K-Øn-cn-°p-∂n-S-amb

Db-c-Øn-ep-f-fXp At\z-jn-∏n≥ (sIm-sem. 3:1).

II. ]p\¿P-\-\w˛]pXp-P-\\w

\nXy-Po-h≥ e`n-°p-∂Xv ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-s‚bpw

ssZh-h-N-\-Øn-s‚bpw kzm[o-\-X-bm-emWv (tbm-l.

3: 5; XosØm. 3:5). ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv Ip‰-t_m[w \evIp-

Ibpw, ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬°qsS ]Im-i\w \evIp-

Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ (bm-t°m_v 1:18; 1 ]sXm. 1:23),

hnizm-k-Øm¬ InkvXp-hns‚ ]pXnb Pohs‚ ]¶m-

fn-bm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. Cu ]¶p-h-bv°-ens‚ Bcw- -amWv

ho≠pw P\\w/]pXp-P-\-\w(XosØm. 3: 5; tbml. 3:

5; 1 ]sXm. 1:3, 23; 1 tbml. 5:1). ho≠pw P\-\w

]q¿Æ-ambn ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ]hr-Øn-bmbn IW-

°m°n 10- mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ hni-Zo-I-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p.

III. ]pXXzw/]pX∑msc∂ \nebn¬ ZsØ-Sp∏v

tbip-In-kvXp-hns\ c£n-Xm-hmbn AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂-

h¿°v \nXy-Po-h≥ e`n-°p-Ibpw Ah¿ ssZh-Ip-Spw-

_-Øns‚ AwK-ß-fm-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. ssZh-

Øns‚ CjvSw sNøp∂ Gh\pw Ahs‚ IpSpw-_-

Øns‚ mK-am-bn-Øocpw F∂v aØm. 12:50 ¬ tbip

]d™p (a¿t°m 3:35; eqt°m. 8:21). tbip-hns\

ktlm-Z-c≥ F∂p hnfn°p∂Xpt]mepw hN\m\p

krXamWv (tdm-a. 8:29; F_m. 2: 11˛12).

hnizm-kn-Iƒ ssZh`h\-Øns‚ `mK-am-sW∂v

]pXnb\nba Fgp-Øp-Im¿ Hm¿Ωn∏n-°p-∂p. tbip-

InkvXp ssZh-]pX\m-sW-∂pw, hnizm-kn-Iƒ ssZh-


191

Øns‚ ]pX-∑m-cm-sW∂pw D≈ kXyhpw hni-Zo-I-

cn-°p-∂p. Hmtcm Fgp-Øp-Imcpw Bflo-b-k-Xy-ßƒ

hnhn[ ]Xn-cq-]-ß-fn¬°q-sSbpw ]tbm-K-ß-fn¬

°q-sSbpw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. F√m-‰n-s‚bpw D]-tZi

hnj-b-ßƒ H∂p Xs∂. At∏m-kvX-e -\mb

tbml-∂m≥ Hm¿∏n-°p-∂Xv hnizm-kn-Iƒ F√m-hcpw

ssZh-`h\-Øn¬ a°-fmbn P\n-®-h-cm-sW-∂mWv

(t\m -°pI ]pXp -P -\\w : tbml. 1:13; 3:3˛8;

1 tbml. 2:29; 3:9; 4:7; 5:1, 4,18; a°ƒ: tbml. 1:12; 11:

52; 1 tbml. 3:1 , 2, 10; 5:2). hnizm-kn-Isf ssZh-a°-

fmbpw InkvXp-hns\ ssZh-]p-X-\mbpw ]cm-a¿in-®n-

cn-°p-∂p. ]pX≥ F∂p≈ Ko°v]Zw (lyq-tbm-kv)

InkvXp ""GI-Pm-X-\mb aI≥'' F∂ ]m[m-\y-X-tbm-

Sp-IqsS D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. ]pXs‚ AXp-eyX

shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p (tbm-l. 1: 14, 18; 3:16, 18; 1 tbml.

4:9). 62 hnizm-kn-Iƒ a°-fmbn ssZh-Ip-Spw-_-Øn¬

P\n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ InkvXp hyXy-kvX-\mb

]pX≥ BWv.

]utemkpw CtX kXyw ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p F¶nepw

tbml-∂m-s\-°mƒ hyXy-kvX-amb coXn-bn-em-sW∂p

amXw. ]utemkpw tbml-∂m≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xp-

t]mse hnizm-kn-Isf a°ƒ (sS-Iv\m) F∂ hm°v

D]-tbm-Kn®v kwt_m-[\ sNøp-∂p. tbml∂m\n¬

\n∂pw hyXy-kvX-\mbn hnizm-kn-Isf ""ssZh-Øns‚

]pX-∑m¿'' (lyq-tbm-kv) F∂v hnfn-°p∂p (tdm-a. 8:

14, 19; 2 sImcn. 6:18; Kem. 3:26; 4:5- 7). ]pXp-P-\-\-

Ønt\m InkvXp GI-Pm-X-\mb ]pX≥ 63 F∂ Bi-

b-Ønt\m henb Du∂¬ \evIp-∂n-√. InkvXp-hns‚

]pX-Xzhpw hnizm-kn-I-fpsS ]pX-Xzhpw XΩn-ep≈

hyXymkw hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂Xv, hnizm-kn-I-fpsS

]pXXzw ZsØ-Sp-∏n¬°qsS e`n-®-Xm-sW∂v hy‡-

am-°n-s°m-≠m-Wv. Cu ]Zw tbml-∂m≥ D]-tbm-Kn-

®n-´n-√. (Z-sØ-Sp-∏n¬°qsS-bp≈ c£˛ tdma. 8:15;

Kem. 4:5; Fs^. 1:5).

Cu hyXym-k-ßƒ CjvS-s∏´ ]tbmK-ssien amX-

am-Wv. hnizm-kn-Iƒ ssZh-`-h-\-Øns‚ `mK-am-sW-

¶nepw tbip-InkvXp ssZh-]p-X-\m-sW-∂p≈ Bi-

b-Øn¬ ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. ssZh-a-°ƒ°v

]pXp-P-\\w D≠v F∂p Hm¿∏n-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ hnizm-

kn-Iƒ°p≈ ]pX-Xz-sØ-°mƒ hyXy-kvX-ambn

InkvXp GI-Pm-X-\mb ]pX≥- F∂v hnti-jn-∏n-

°p∂p. tbip-InkvXp ssZh-]p-X≥ F∂p≈ AtX

Bi-b-Øn-e-√, hnizm-kn-I-fpsS ssZh- -h-\-Ønse ]Z-

hn-sb-°p-dn®v ]utemkv ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. ssZh- -h-\-

Øn-te°p≈ ZsØ-Sp-∏ns\°pdn®v ]utemkv Hm¿∏n-

°p-∂p. F∂m¬ InkvXp-hns‚ ]pXXzw ZsØ-Sp-∏n-

\m-e-√. F√m A¿∞-Ønepw Ah≥ ssZh-]p-X-

\mWv.

IV. \oXo-I-cWw

\oXo-I-cWw F∂ hnj-b-Øns‚ thZ-]p-kvXI

D]-tZiw hni-Z-am-°p-∂Xv ][m-\-ambn \mev hmZ

-ap-J-ß-fn¬°qsS-bm-Wv.

H∂m-aXv : \oXo-I-cn-°pI F∂ hm°ns‚ icn-bmb

\n¿h-N\w F¥mWv? (Ko-°n¬ UnIm-bp) CXv IqSp-

X¬ \oXn-am-∑m-cm-Ip∂ ]InbbmtWm? AtXm, Hcp

hy‡n \oXn-am-\m-sW-∂p≈ ]Jym-]-\-amtWm?

(A-Xm-bXv Hcp a\p-jy≥ Ip‰-°m-c-\√ F∂v \nb-a

-]-c-ambn ]Jym-]n®v tamNn-∏n-°p-∂-XmtWm?)

c≠m-asØ LSIw: \oXoI-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂ kabw

BWv. Hcp hy‡n Ipsd-°m-ew-sIm≠v \oXn-am-\mbn

Pohn®v \oXo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bmtWm? AtXm, Hcp

hy‡n InkvXp-hn¬ hnizmkw A¿∏n-°p-tºmƒ

\oXo-I-cWw ]m]n-°p-I-bmtWm? BZysØ ImgvN-

∏m-Sn¬, A¥y-\ym-b-hn-[n-bpsS kabwh-scbpw \oXn-

I-cWw ]m]n-°p-∂n-√. F∂m¬ c≠m-a-tØ-Xn¬, Hcp

hy‡n hniz-kn-°p∂ \nan-j-Øn¬ \oXo-I-cWw e`n-

°p-∂p.

aq∂m-asØ LSIw: \oXo-I-cWw F¥ns‚ ASn-ÿm-

\-Øn¬ e`n-°p∂p F∂p-≈-XmW.v \oXoI-cn-°-s∏-

Sp-hm≥ Hcp hy‡n F¥v sNøWw? Ah-km-\-ambn,

\oXo -I -c -W-Øns‚ Dd-hnSw InkvXp -hns‚

\oXnbmsW∂p \mw IW°nseSp°Ww.

\oXo-I-c-W-Øns‚ \n¿h-N-\hpw ka-bhpw \thm-∞m-

\-Im-e-Øn¬ henb t]mcm´Øn\v Imc-Wambn. \thm-

∞m\hZm-K-Xn-°m-sc tdma≥ ItØm-en-°m-k` A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-®-t∏mƒ, \oXo-I-cWw XpS¿am-\-amb Hcp

]In-b-bm-sW∂pw, ssZh-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂

hy‡n Znhy-I¿Ω-ßƒ sNbvXv IqSp-X¬ \oXn-am-\m-

bn-Øo¿∂p Ir]-bm¬ e`n-°p∂ Hcp A\p-`-h-am-

sW∂pw k` ]Tn-∏n-®p. Cu A\p- hw A¥y-\ym-b-

hn-[n-bn¬ amX-amWv e`n-°p-I-sb∂pw hmZn-®p. Hcp

hy‡n A≤zm-\n®v t\tS≠ e£y-am-sW∂pw XpS¿am-

\-amb Hcp ]In-b-bm-sW∂pw Ah¿ hmZn-®p.

Ch-cpsS hmZ-K-Xn-Isf \thm-∞m\ Nn¥m-K-Xn-°m¿

i‡-ambn FXn¿°p-Ibpw \oXo-I-cWw \nb-a


62 CXn\v hyXy-kvX-amb ]cm-a¿iw shfn. 21:7˛¬ amX-am-Wp-≈-Xv. ChnsS ]pX≥ F∂ ]Zw hnizm-kn-Isf kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.63 1 sImcn. 4:15˛¬ ho≠pw P\\w F∂ Bi-b-Øn-te°vh∂-Xn-\p-tijw XosØm. 3:6˛¬ ]p\¿P-\\w F∂ ]ZhpwD]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p.

192

]camb hm°m-sW-∂pw, ""\oXn-am -∑m-cm-IpI''

F∂¿∞-an-s√-∂pw, ""\oXn-am-∑m-sc∂v'' ]Jym-]n-

°pI'' F∂mW¿∞-sa-∂pw hmZn-®p. IqSmsX \oXoI-

cWw Hcp ]In-b-b-s√∂pw InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-

k-Øm¬ DS≥Xs∂ \oXo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bm-sW∂pw

]Tn-∏n-®p.

A. \oXo-I-c-Ww˛ \n¿h-N\w :\oXn-am-∑m-cm-Ip-Itbm

\oXn-am-∑m-cmbn ]Jym-]n-°p-Itbm? hfsc hy‡-amb

sXfn-hp-Iƒ D≠v. \oXo-I-cn-°pI (Un-Im-bq) F∂Xv

\nb-a-]-c-amb hm°m-Wv. CXns‚ A¿∞w˛\o-Xn-am-

\mbn ]Jym-]n-°p-I, Ip‰-hn-ap-‡-\m-°pI.

1. Ko°v atX-Xc Nn¥m-K-Xnbn¬ \oXoIcWw

\oXo-I-c-W-Øn\v luƒ´\pw an√n-K\pw Xß-fpsS ]g-

b-Ime Fgp-Øp-I-fn¬ Nne DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ \evIp-

∂p. ""aqe-[\w aS-°n-s°m-SpØv, CuSpsIm-Sp-ØXv

Xncn-s®-Sp-°p-∂Xv \oXn-bmbn IW-°n´p'' (F.-Un.

55˛ 65). ""Icm¿ ]Im-c-ap≈ XpI \oXn-bmb ]Jym-

]n®p'' 64 Cu c≠v DZm-l-c-W-ßfpw, Ko°v ]Z-amb

""UnImbq'' \nb-a-]-c-amb hm°m-sW∂pw, AXns‚

A¿∞w \oXn-am-\m-sW∂v ]Jym-]n-°p-Itbm IW-

°n-Sp-Itbm sNøpI F∂-Xm-sW∂v ImWn-°p-∂p.

2. \oXo-I-cWw ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬.

]g-b-\n-b-a-Øns‚ ]g-b-Ime Ko°v hnh¿Ø-\w,

]mNo\ F_m-b¿ \oXo-I-c-WsØ \nb-a-]-c-amb

]Z-am-bn v ImWp-∂-Xmbn t_m≤y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. \oXo-

I-cWw F∂Xv Ip‰w hn[n-°pI F∂-Xns‚ FXn¿

]Z-am-Wv. sk]v‰z-Pn‚ v, "UnImbq'' F∂ ]Z-amWv ]e

hmIy-ß-fnepw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

""I≈-°mcyw hn´p AI-∂n-cn°; Ip‰-an-√m-Ø-

h-s\bpw \oXn-am-s\bpw sIm√--cp-Xv. Rm≥

ZpjvSs\ \oXo-I-cn-°p-Ibn√tbm? (]p-d. 23:7).

""a\p-jy¿°p XΩn¬ hyh-lmcw D≠m-bn´p

Ah¿ \ymbm-k-\-Øn-¶¬ hcn-Ibpw Ah-cpsS

Imcyw hnkvX-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ \oXn-

ams\ \oXo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw Ip‰-°m-cs\ Ip‰w

hn[n-°p-Ibpw thWw (B-h. 25:1).

\o kz¿§-Øn¬ tI´p ]h¿Øn-®p, ZpjvSs‚

\S∏v Ahs‚ Xe-ta¬ hcpØn Ahs\

in£n-∏m\pw \oXn-ams‚ \oXn°p X°-hÆw

Ah∂p \evIn Ahs\ \oXn-I-cn-∏m\pw ASn-

b-ßƒ°p \ymbw ]men®p Xtc-Wsa''

(1 cmPm. 8:32).

""ZpjvSs\ \oXoI-cn-°p-∂-h\pw \oXn-ams\

Ip‰w hn[n-°p-∂-h\pw c≠p-t]cpw btlm-

hbv°p shdp∏v'' (k-Zr. 17:15).

kΩm\w \nanØw ZpjvSs\ \oXn-I-cn-°p-

Ibpw \oXn-ams‚ \oXnsb C√m-Xm-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂-h¿°pw Atøm IjvSw'' (sb-i. 5:23).

]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ \oXoI-cWw Hcp tImSXnhm°mWv.

\nb-a-Øns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. CXv

\ymb-hn-[n°v FXn-cmb hm°m-Wv. CXn\v Xpeyamb

hm°p-Iƒ ""\n¿t±m-jn-bmbn ]Jym-]n-°pI,'' ""Ip‰-an-

√m-Ø-h-\mbn ]Jym-]n-°pI'' ""tamNn-∏n-°pI'' F∂n-

h-bm-Wv. Zm\n. 8:14˛¬ causative stem of zedek-s‚

A¿∞w ""\oXoIcn°pI,'' F∂m¬ AXn\mbn

dikaioo F∂√ septuagint-¬ hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXn

cn°p∂Xv. \oXn-am-\m-°p∂ Bi-b-Øn\v \oXoI-

cWw F∂ hm°v tbmPn-°p-∂-X-√. ]ns∂-tbm, \oXn-

am-\mbn ]Jym-]n-°p-∂-Xns\ \oXoI-cWsa∂p

]dbmw.

]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ am\p-jnI \nb-a tIm-S-Xn°p

apºmsI amX-a-√, ssZhnI \ymbm-k-\-Øn\p apºm-

sIbpw \nXn-am-\mbn ]Jym-]n-°p-∂-Xn-\v, \oXoI-

cWw F∂ ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp∂p. \oXoI-cWw

kw_-‘n® ]pXn-b-\n-ba shfn-∏m-Sp-Iƒ ]q¿Øo-I-

cn-°p-hm≥ ]gb-\n-ba Fgp-Øp-Imcpw Xøm-sd-Sp-∏p-Iƒ

sNbvXn-cp-∂p. ssZhw Xs‚ kz¥ \oXn Xs‚ P\-

Øn\v \evIp-sa∂v Ah¿ ]Tn-∏n-®n-cp-∂p. P\w \oXoI-

cn-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂v ]g--\n-ba Fgp-Øp-Im¿ ]Tn-∏n-®p.

ssZhw Xs∂-Øm≥ Xs‚ kz¥ \oXn P\-

Øns‚ta¬ ]I-cp-∂-XmWv \oXoI-cWw F∂v a\-

n-em-°mw.

""btlm-h-bn¬ bnkm-tb¬ k¥-Xn-sb√mw

\oXoI-cn-°-s∏´p ]pIgpw'' (sb-i. 45:25)

""Rm≥ Fs‚ \oXnsb ASpØp hcp-Øn-bn-

cn-°p-∂p.... Fs‚ c£ Xma-kn-°p-I-bp-an√;

Rm≥ kotbm-\n¬ c£bpw bnkm-tb-en\p

Fs‚ al-Xzhpw \evIpw'' (sb-i. 46:12).

""\oXn-am-\mb Fs‚ Zmk≥ Xs‚ ]cn-⁄m\w

sIm≠v ]e-scbpw \oXoI-cn°pw. Ah-cpsS

AIr-Xy-ßsf Ah≥ hln°pw'' (sb-i. 53:11)

"" Fs‚ ]°¬ \n∂≈ Ah-cpsS \oXn ''

(sb-i. 54:17)


64 James Hope Houltion and George Milligan, TheVocabulary of the Greek Testament (1930: Hodder andStoughton Limited, 1972) 162. Ko°n¬ \n∂p≈]cn`mjIƒ ChcptSXmWv.

193

""Fs‚ D≈w Fs‚ ssZh-Øn¬ tLmjn®p

√kn-°pw. Ah≥ Fs∂ c£m-hkvXw [cn-

∏n®v \oXn F∂ A¶n CSp-hn-®n-cn-°p∂p''

(sb-i. 61:10), (bnsc. 23:6)

ssZh-Øns‚ \oXn c£ ]Zm\w sNøp-∂p-sh∂v

sb»-øm-hn¬ ]e- ]m-hiyw ImWp-∂p. \oXo-I-cWw

kw_-‘n® D]-tZ-i-hn-j-b-ßƒ ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬

IqSp-X¬ hy‡-ambn ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. ssZh-Øn¬

\n∂v hcp∂ \oXnbpambn c£sb _‘-s∏-Sp-Øn-

bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]gb\n-ba hnip-≤-∑m¿°pw \oXoI-cWw

hmKvZØw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. IjvS-X-b-\p-`-hn-°p∂

Zmk≥ At\-Isc \oXoI-cn-°pw. Cu \oXoI-cWw

ssZh-Øns‚ kz¥w \oXn-bn¬ ASn-ÿm-\-s∏- -Xp-

amWv (sb-i. 53:11; 54:17). ssZhw Xs‚ \oXn Xs‚

P\-Øn-\p-th≠n Hcp-°n-bn-cn-°p∂p (sb-i. 61:10).

\oXo-I-cWw kw_-‘n® D]tZi-hn-j-b-ß-fnse Bg-

ta-dnb ]pXn-b-\n-ba shfn-∏m-Sp-Iƒ ssZh-P-\-Øn\v

Kln-°p-hm≥ Cu kXy-ß-sf√mw ]tbm-P-\-s∏- p.

\oXo-I-cWw F∂ hm°v \nb-a-]-c-amb Bibw shfn-

s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. ""\oXn-am-\mbn ]Jym-]n-°pI'' F∂

Bi-b-amWv Ko°v(dikaioo) atX-Xc Nn¥m-K-Xn-

bnepw F_mb Nn¥m-K-Xn-bnepw \ng-en-®p-Im-Wp-∂-

Xv. \oXoI-cWw F∂Xv \ymb-hn-[n-bpsS FXn¿]-Z-

am-Wv. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønepw ssZhw a\p-jy\v Xs‚ \oXn

\evIn \oXoI-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn ImWp-∂p. CXn¬ \n∂pw

hyXy-kvX-amb Hcp \n¿h-N-\hpw, ssZhw -Xs‚ \oXn

]m]n°p \evIn \oXo-I-cn-°p∂p F∂-Xn\v hncp-≤-

amb bmsXmcp Bi-bhpw ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬

ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-X-√.

3. \oXo-I-c-Ww˛ ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬

]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Ønepw ""\o-Xo-I-cn-°pI'' F∂ hm°n\v

"UnImbq' F∂ ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂Xn\m¬

CXp-hsc ]Tn® F√m Bi-b-ß-sfbpw Dd-∏n-°p-I-

bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv. ssZhsØ kw_-‘n®v \oXoI-

cWw F∂ hm°v D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂n-S-sØ√mw "\oXn-

am-\mbn ]Jym-]n-°pI' F∂ Bi-b-am-Wp-≈Xv.

""\oXn-am-\m-°pI'' F∂-√. ssZhsØ kw_-‘n®v

IqSpX¬ \oXn-am-\m-IpI F∂Xv Akm-≤y-am-Wv!

AXp-sIm-≠v, ssZhw \oXn-am-\mbn ]Jym-]n-°pI

F∂m-W¿∞w. ssZhw \oXoI-cn-°-s∏´p F∂-Xn\v

Nne DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ CXm:

""F∂m¬ P\w Hs°bpw Np¶-°m-c\pw tI´n v

tbml-∂ms‚ kv\m\w G‰-Xn -\m¬

ssZhsØ \oXo-I-cn®p (eqt°m. 7:29).

Hcp-\mfpw C√. \ns‚ hm°p-I-fn¬ \o \oXo-

I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-hm-\pw.. ssZhw kXy-hm≥, kIe

a\p-jycpw t`mjv°p ]d-bp-∂-h¿ Ft∂ hcq''

(tdm-a. 3:4).

Ah≥ PU-Øn¬ shfn-s∏-´p, Bflm-hn¬

\oXoI-cn-°-s∏-´p, ZqX-∑m¿°v ]Xy-£-\m-

bn.... F∂nßs\ ssZh- -‡n-bpsS a¿Ωw kΩ-

X-amw-hÆw hen-b-Xm-Ip∂p (1 Xnsam. 3:16).

]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Ønepw \oXo-I-c-Whpw \ymb-hn-[nbpw

hn]-coX Bi-b-ßƒ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p F∂-Xn\v

DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ ImWmw. aØm. 12:37- ¬ ""\ns‚ hm°p-

I-fm¬ \oXoI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw \ns‚ hm°p-I-fm¬

Ip‰w hn[n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw.'' \ymb-hn-[n-Zn-h-k-

sØ-°p-dn®v ]cm-a¿in-°ptºmƒ \oXoI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-

Ibpw Ip‰w hn[n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂ Imcyw

]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p∂p. \oXoI-cWw \nb-a-Øn-e-[n-

jvTn-X-amb hm°m-sW∂pw AXns‚ A¿∞w "\oXn-

am\mbn ]Jym-]n-°pI' F∂m-sW∂pw hy‡-am-

°p∂p. ]utemkpw Cu hm°p-IfpsS Xmc-Xay

]T\w- \-S-Øp-∂p.

GIs‚ ]m]w in£m-hn-[n Iev∏n-∏m≥ tlXp-

hm-bn-Øo¿∂p. Ir]m-h-ctam At\I ewL-\-

ßsf tamNn-°p∂ \oXn-I-cWhn[n°p tlXp-

hm-bn-Øo¿∂p (tdm-a. 5:16).

Aßs\ GI-ew-L-\-Øm¬ kIe a\p-

jy¿°pw in£m-hn[n h∂-Xp-t]mse GI-

\o-Xn-bm¬ kIe a\p-jy¿°pw Poh-Im-c-W-

amb \oXo-I-c-Whpw h∂p (tdm-a. 5:18).

ssZhw Xnc -s™-Sp -Ø-hsc B¿ Ip‰w

NpaØpw? \oXoI-cn-°p-∂-h≥ ssZhw. in£-

hn-[n-°p-∂-h≥ B¿? (tdm-a. 8:33˛34).

""in£m-hn-[n-bpsS ipiqj tXP- m-Ip∂p

F¶n¬ \oXn-bpsS ipiqj tXP-t -dn-b-Xm-

bn-cn°pw'' (2 sImcn. 3:9).

]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ \oXo-I-cWw F∂ hm°v ]q¿Æ-

ambpw \nb-a-]-c-amb Hcp hm°m-bn v D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-

°p-∂p. tdma. 8:33˛34 hsc-bp≈ hmIy-ß-fn¬ ssZhw

Xnc-s™-Sp-Øp-hsc B¿ Ip‰w NpaØpw F∂v

]utemkv tNmZn-°p-∂p. tdma. 2:13˛16 hsc hmIy-ß-

fn¬ \oXoI-c-Whpw \ym-b-hn[n Znh-khpw XΩn-ep≈

ASpØ _‘w Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p∂p. \oXo-I-cWw

F∂ hm°n\v \nb-a-]-c-ambpw `c-W-L-S-\m-]-c-ambpw

]m[m-\yX D≠v. tImS-Xn-bn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-hm≥

A\p-tbm-Py-amb hm°m-Wv. tdma. 3:19˛20 hsc hmIy-

ß-fn¬, kI-a\p-jycpw ssZh-ap-ºmsI Ip‰-°m-cm-


194

sW∂v \ymb-]-amWw sXfn-bn-°p∂p. Cu \nb-a-]-

cn[nbn¬ \n∂p-sIm≠v ]utemkv \oXo-I-c-W-sØ-

°p-dn®v ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. tdma. 3:25- ¬ ]mb-›n-Ø-sØ-

°p-dn®v ]cm-a¿in-°p-tºmƒ, \ymbw hn[n-°p∂ ssZh-

Øns‚ tIm]-sØ-°p-dn®v Hm¿∏n-°p∂p. \nb-a-]-c-

amb ]cm-a¿i-ßƒ Kem. 3˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬

ImWp∂p. \oXo-I-c-W-sØ-°p-dn®pw \ymb-]-amWw

apJm-¥n-c-ap-≠mb im]-sØ-°p-dn®pw ]utemkv amdn-

amdn ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p. Ah-km-\-am-bn, 2 sImcn. 5:21˛¬

InkvXp \ap-°p-th≠n im]-am-bn-Øo¿∂p F∂v

ImWp-∂p. ""\mw Ah-\n¬ ssZh-Øns‚ \oXn-bm-tI-

≠-Xn\v (Ko°n¬ \o-Xo-I-cWw) Xs∂''. ChnsS \oXn

F∂ hm°n\v tImS-Xn-kw-_-‘-amb Hcp ]cm-a¿iw

ImWp-∂p. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬ \ap-°p-th≠n

InkvXp ]m]-ambnØo¿∂-Xns‚ GI-Im-cWw AXp

amX-am-Wv. InkvXp Xs‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬ Hcn -

°¬t∏mepw ]m]w sNbvXn-´n-√. \ΩpsS ]m]w

InkvXp-hns‚ IW-°n¬s∏-SpØn InkvXp ]cn-lmcw

D≠m-°n. AXp-t]mse, \nb-a-]-c-ambn InkvXp-hns‚

\oXn hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cpsS IW-°n¬s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw

\ymbw hn[n-°p∂ ssZ-h-Øns‚ apºmsI \n∂p-

sIm≠v \mw Ahs‚ \oXn Ah-Im-i-am-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. \oXo-I-cWw F∂Xv Hcp tImSXn

hm°mWv. \ymb-]-am-W-Øns‚ hmZ-ßƒs°Xn-cmbn

\oXnam\mbn ]Jym]n°s∏Sp∂Xns\°pdn®v

kwkm-cn-°p∂p. InkvXp ]m]w sNøm-Ø-Xn-\m¬

\ΩpsS \oXn]hr-Øn-sb-°p-dn®v ]cm-a¿in-t°≠

Bh-iy-ta-bn-√.

Ah-km\ sXfn-hm-bn, eqt°m. 10:29˛¬ hni-Zo-I-cn-

°p-∂Xpw ""\oXo-I-cWw'' A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv \oXn-

am-\mbn ]Jym-]n-°pI F∂-Xm-Wv. ]co-i-∑m¿ tbip-

hn-t\mSv G‰hpw henb Iev]\ F¥m-sW∂v tNmZn-

°p-∂p. tbip ]d-™-Xv, H∂m-a-tØXv ssZhsØ

kvt\ln-°pI, c≠m-a-tØXv Ab-ev°m-cs\ kvt\ln-

°pI F∂-Xp-am-Wv. Xs∂-Øm≥ \oXoI-cn-°p-hm≥

ian® hy‡n tbip-hn-t\mSv tNmZn®p ""BcmWv

Fs‚ Ab-ev°m-c≥?'' \oXn-am-\m-Ip-hm-\p≈ BK-

l-tØm-Sp-IqSnb√ Cu tNmZyw tNmZn-®-Xv. Xm≥

henb \oXn-am -\m-sW-∂p≈ Nn¥-bm-bn -cp -∂p

Ah\p≠mbncp∂Xv. \oXoI-cn-°pI F∂-Xns‚

A¿∞w X∂n¬°qsS shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-\mWv B

a\p-jy≥ BK-ln-®-Xv. Xs‚ \oXn ssZh-ap-ºmsI

]Jym-]n-°p-hm-\mWv BK-ln-®-Xv. bYm¿∞ Ab-

ev°m-c≥ Bcm-sW∂v a\- n-em-°p-hm\pw Ahsc

kvt\ln-°p-hm\pw Ign-bm-Ø-Xn-ep≈ \nc-]-cm-[nXzw

Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p Xs‚ e£yw. F∂m¬

IqSp-X¬ \oXn-am-\m-Ip∂Xn\p ]I-cw, \oXn-am-\mbn

]Jym-]n-°pI F∂p-≈-XmWv \oXoI-cWw F∂v

eqt°m. 10:29 t_m≤y-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p. "\oXo-I-cn-°pI'

F∂-Xn\v \n¿t±m-jo-I-cn-°pI F∂¿∞whcp∂ mK-

ß-fmWv aØmbn 11:19; eqt°m. 7:35; 16:15).

4. \oXo-I-cWw F∂ hm°n\v Xpey-amb Ko°v ]Z-

ßƒ

\oXo-I-c-W-Øn\v Xpey-amb Ko°v ]Z-ßƒ ]Tn-®m¬

\ho-I-cW Nn¥m-K-Xn-°m¿°v \oXo-I-c-W-sØ-°p-dn-

®p-≠m-bn-cp∂ Bi-b-ßƒ hN-\m-\p-kr-X-am-bn-cp∂p

F∂v Dd-∏n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. \oXoI-cWw F∂Xv

XpS¿am-\-amb ]In-b-b-s√-∂pw, ItaW \oXn-am-∑m-

cm-Ip-∂n-s√∂pw a\- n-em-°mw. CXv tImSXn kw_-

‘-amb hm°pw CXns‚ A¿∞w \oXn-am-∑m-cmbn

]Jym-]n-°pI, tamNn-∏n-°pI F∂n-ß-s\-bpsa∂pw

a\- n-em-°mw. tImS-Xn-bn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ hm°m-

sW-∂pw, Ip‰w hn[n-°p-∂-Xn-s\-Xn-cmb Bi-b-am-

sW∂pw, ssZh-tØm-Sp- _-‘-s∏-SpØn D]-tbm-Kn-

°p∂ hm°m-sW∂pw sXfn-bn-°-s∏- n- p-≠v (Iq-Sp-X¬

\oXn-am-\m-Im≥ Ign-I-bn-s√∂pw ]hr-Øn-bn¬°qsS

\n¿t±m-jXzw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p). ssZh-

\o-Xn-bpsS apºn¬ Ip‰-°m-c-\√ F∂v hn[n-°p-∂p.

Hcp ]tXyI ka-b-Øp≈ ]Jym-]-\-am-Wv. \o≠p

\nev°p∂ kml-kn-I-amb Hcp ]In-b-b√. ]m[m-

\y-ap≈ as‰mcp tNmZyw ka-b-am-Wv. \oXn-I-cWw

F∂Xv Ign-™-Ime kw -h-amtWm? AtXm,- `m-hn-

bn¬ \S-°p∂ A¥y-\ym-b-hn-[n-°mbn ImØn-cn-°-

Wtam?

B. \oXn-I-c-W-Øns‚ kabw: `qX-Im-e-tam, `mhn--

Ime-tam?

ssZh-\o-Xn-bpsS apºmsI ssZh-Øns‚ hntam-N\w

Cu Pohn-X-Øntem AtXm, ÿntcm-’m-ln-bmbn

\nev°p-∂-h-sc, `mhn-bn¬ \S-°p∂ \ymbhn-[n-bn¬

\oXn-am-∑m-sc∂v ]Jym-]n-°p--∂XmtWm? \oXoI-cWw

hnizm-knsb kw_-‘n®v ]q¿Øn-bm-t°≠ kXytam,

AtXm `mhn e£ytam, ]Xym-itbm?

1. \oXoI-cWkabw c£n-°-s∏´ ka-b -]-›m-Ø-e-

Øn¬

c£n-°-s∏´ kabw ]cn-tim-[n-°p-∂-Xv \oXoI-cW

kabw Is≠-Øp-∂-Xn\v klm-b-I-c-am-bn-cn-°pw. Hcp

hy‡n-bpsS hnizm-k-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬, `qX-

Im-e-]m-]-ß-fpsS in£-bn¬ \n∂p≈ hnSp-X-emWv

c£-sb∂v ka¿∞n-°p∂ At\Iw hmIy-ß-fp≠v.

Cu hmIy-ßƒ G‰hpw ]m[m-\y-ap-≈-h-sb∂v Hcp

hmIyw ]cn-tim-[n®m¬ a\- n-em-Ipw.


195

""Bta≥ Bta≥ Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp ]d-bp∂p:

Fs‚ hN-\w-tI´p Fs∂ Ab-®-hs\ hniz-

kn-°p-∂-h\v \nXy-Po-h≥ D≠v. Ah≥ \ymb-

hn-[n-bn¬ BImsX ac-W-Øn¬ \n∂v Poh-¶-

te°v IS∂ncn°p∂p'' tbml. 5:24 (Xp-S¿∂p-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ e-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb ]q¿Øn-bm-

°-s∏´ bmYm¿∞yw).

hniz-kn-°p∂ GsXm-cp-h\pw \nXy-Po-h≥ Ah-Im-i-

am-Ip-∂p-sh∂v Cu ]kvXm-h\ Dd-∏m-°p-∂p. ac-W-

Øn¬ \n∂v Poh-¶-te-°p≈ ]th-i\w `qX-Im-e

kw -h-amsW∂pw AXns‚ ew h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e- Po-

hn-X-Øn¬ XpS-cp∂psh∂pw Hm¿Ωn∏n-°p-∂p.

""Ir]-bm-et√m \nßƒ hnizmkw aqew c£n-

°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv... Bcpw ]iw-kn-°m-Xn-cn-

°m≥ ]hr-Øn-Ifpw Imc-W-a√ (F-s^. 2:8˛9).

Fs^. 2:8 hniz-kn-°p∂ hy‡n c£n-°-s∏-´p-

I-gn™p F∂pw B A\p- -h-Øn¬ hkn-®p-sIm≠v

PohnXw \bn-°p∂p F∂pw Dd-∏p-X-cp-∂p. hnizm-kn-

Iƒ°v G‰hpw hne-s∏´ mK-amWv Fs^. 2:8˛9 F∂-

Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√.

Ah≥ \sΩ \mw sNbvX \oXn ]hr-Øn-I-fm-

e√ Xs‚ Icp-W-]-Im-c-asX c£n-®Xv

(Xo-sØm. 3:5).

Chn-sSbpw c£ `qX-Imekw -h-ambn ]cm-a¿in-®n-cn-

°p-∂p. Hcp hnizm-kn°v Xs‚ c£ ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-

s∏´ bmYm¿∞y-am-Wv, Hcp `mhn- ]-Xym-i-b√. 1

tbml. 5:4˛¬ hnizmkw F∂Xv temIsØ Pbn®

Pb-am-sW∂v ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p.

\nXy-Po-h-s\-°p-dn®pw c£-sb-°p-dn®pw h¿Ø-am-\

-Im-e-Øn¬ ]cm-a¿in-®n-cn-°p∂ hmIy-ß-fn¬t∏mepw

c£ hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏´ kw -h-ambn

Dd-∏n-°p∂p (D-Zm. tbml. 3:16, 18, 36, 5:24 ""\nXy-

Po-h≥ D≠v'' 6:40, 47 apXembh).

Hcp hy‡n h¿Ø-am-\-ImePohn-X-Øn¬ \nXy-

Po-hs‚ Ah-Im-in-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah≥ t\csØ

Xs∂ c£n-°-s∏- -Xm-bn-cn-°-Ww. Ct∏mƒ \nXy-Po-

h-\p≈ hy‡n°v AXv \jvS-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ Ign-I-

bn-√ F∂p-f-fXv kmam\y_p≤n°v a\- n-em-°p-hm≥

Ign-bpw. Hcp hy‡n°v \nXy-Po-h≥ \jvS-s∏-

Sp∂psh¶n¬ Hcn-°epw Ah-\n¬ \nXy-amb Poh≥

D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√ F∂Xv hmkvX-h-am-Wv. Ah-\n¬ hkn-

°p-∂-h\v \nXy-Poh≥ D≠v F∂v InkvXp ]Tn-∏n-

°p-tºmƒ AXns‚b¿∞w hnizm-kn-bpsS c£ \nhr-

Øn-bm-°-s∏´ Hcp kw -h-amsW∂p a\- n-em°mw.

AXp-sIm-≠mWv 1 tbml. 5:12˛13 hsc hmIy-ß-fn¬,

hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v \nXy-Po-h≥ Ds≠∂v Ah¿°v

Adnbmw F∂v Dd∏v Xcp-∂-Xv.

c£-bpsS kab-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ kXyßƒ \oXo-I-

cW ka-b-hp-ambn _\v[-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ ]k-‡-

am-Wv. hnizm-k-Øm-ep≈ \oXoI-cWw IqSmsX

c£bpw \nXy-Po-h\pw Hcp hy‡n°v kz¥-am-°p-

hm≥ Ignbpw F∂p-f-fXv a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-

∂-X-√. AXp-sIm≠v \oXo-I-cW ka-b-hp-ambn _‘-

s∏-Sp-tºmƒØs∂ hnizm-kn-°v, \oXoI-cWw \nhr-

Øn-bm-°-s∏´ hkvXp-X-bm-sW-∂p≈ Bibw

AXn¬ \n∂v Dƒs°m-≈p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. \ymb-hn[n

Znh-k-Øn¬ \oXoI-cWw kw_-‘n® ]Jym-]\w

G‰p-]-d-bp-∂-Xns\ X≈n-°-f-bp-∂n√ (D-Zm. aØm. 12:

36˛37).

2. \oXo-I-cn-°p-I˛ `qX-Im-e-Ønse B£-cnI

]tbmKw

\oXoI-cn-°pI (Un-bm-Iq) F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ `qX-Im-

e-]-tbmKw \oXo-I-cWw hnizm-kn-I-fn¬ \S∂p

Ign™p F∂v i‡-ambn Dd-∏p-X-cp-∂p. CXv \o≠

Hcp ]In-b-bpsS ]q¿Æ-X-bpsS Ah-km-\a√.-

a. 1 sImcn. 6:11

\nßfpw Nne¿ Cu hI-°m-cm -bn -cp -∂p.

F¶nepw \nßƒ I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-kvXp-

hns‚ \ma-Ønepw \ΩpsS ssZh-Øns‚

Bflm-hn-\mepw \nß-sf-Øs∂ IgpIn ip≤o-

I-c-Whpw \oXo-I-c-Whpw ]m]n-®n-cn-°p∂p

(1 sImcn. 6:11).

A\m-fln-I-cm-bn-cn-°p∂ sImcn-¥y-tcmSv ]utemkv

]d-bp∂Xv Ah¿ \oXoI-cn°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p F∂mWv.

Pohn-X-Øns‚ A¥y-Øn-ep≈ `mhn hne-bn-cp-Ø-

ens‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-e-√, \oXo-I-cW -]-Jym-]\w

\S-°p-∂Xv. sImcn-¥y¿ aptº-Xs∂ \oXn-am-∑m-cmbn

]Jym-]n-°-s∏- -h-cm-Wv.

\oXnam-∑m-cmbn ]Jym-]n-°-s∏-SmsX IqSpX¬

\oXnam-∑m-cmbnØocp-∂XmWv \oXo-I-cWw F∂v

sX‰mbn ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-h-cp-≠v. \oXo-I-cn-°-s∏-SpI

F∂ Inbm-]-Z-Øn\v ]pXnb-\n-b-a-Øn¬ Aß-s\-

sbmcp \n¿h-N\w Xcp-∂n-√. ""\oXn-am-\m-bn-Øo-cpI''

F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ Nn¥n-°m-hp∂ c≠v thZ-`m-K-

ßfpw (tdm-a. 6:7; shfn. 22:11) ""Ip‰-hn-ap-‡-\m-°p-I,

\oXn-am-\mbn ]Jym-]n-°pI'' F∂o A¿∞-Øn¬

hy‡-ambn hymJym-\n-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. 1 sImcn. 6:11

epw ""IqSp-X¬ \oXn-am-∑m-cmIpI'' F∂ ]Zw


196

BhiyØne[nIw Dd∏p Xcp∂p. F¥p-sIm-s≠-

∂m¬, ""IgpIn ip≤o-I-cWw ]m]n-®n-cn-°p∂p'' F∂v

Hm¿∏n-°p-∂p. ]utemkv \evIn-bn-cn-°p∂ \n¿h-N\w

am‰m≥ bmsXmcp ASn-ÿm-\-hp-an-√.

b. XotØm. 3:7

\mw Ahs‚ Ir]-bm¬ \oXo -I-cn-°-s∏-ń´v

]Xym-i-]-Imcw \nXy-Po-hs‚ Ah-Im-in-I-fm-

bn-Øo-tc-≠-Xn-\v(XotØm. 3:7).

hnizm-kn-Iƒ F√m-hcpw \nXy-Po-hs‚ Ah-Im-in-I-

fm-sW∂v ss__nƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p (tdm-a. 8:16˛17; Kem.

4:7) XotØm. 3:6 Hm¿∏n-°p-∂Xv \mw \oXoI-cn-°-s∏-

´-h-cm-sW-∂m-Wv. hnizm-kn-Iƒ Ah-Im-in-I-fmbn.

AXn\v sXm´p -apºv \oXoI-cWw kw`-hn®p

(_p-≤n-]-c-ambn Nn¥n-®m¬).

c. tdma. 5:1, 9

hnizm-k-Øm¬ \oXoI-cn-°-s∏- n v \ΩpsS

I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-kvXp-aqew \ap°v ssZh-

tØmSv kam-[m\w D≠v. Ahs‚ c‡-Øm¬

\oXoI-cn--s∏- -ti-jtam \mw Ah-\m¬ FX

A[n-I-ambn tIm]-Øn¬ \n∂v c£n-°-s∏-Spw.

(tdma. 5:1, 9).

tdma-bn-ep≈htcmSv Cu Imcyw ]d-bp-tºmƒ Xs∂

Ah¿°v kam-[m\w D≠v, As√-¶n¬ kam-[m\w

D≠m-bn-cn-°Ww. Aß-s\-sb-¶n¬ AXn\v sXm´p-ap-

ºmbn \oXoI-cWw kw -hn-®p-I-gn-™p. Ah¿ hnizm-

k-Øm¬ \oXo-I-cn--°s∏´p \oXo-I-c-W-]-Jym-]\w

\S∂p. C\nbpw `mhn-bn¬ \S-°p∂ \ymb-hn[n

Znhkw hsc ImØn-cn-t°-≠-Xn√ 5:9˛mw hm-Iy-Øn¬,

Cw•o-jn¬ Ct∏mƒ \oXoI-cn-°-s∏-ń-´p≠v F∂v

hfsc Dd-∏n®p ]d-bp-∂p. 5:1˛¬ ""AXp-sIm≠v hnizm-

k-Øm¬'' F∂mWv Cw•n-jn¬ Bcw- n-°p-∂Xv. 4˛mw

A≤ym-b-Øn-te°v Xncn-bp-tºmƒ, hnizm-kn°v \oXn-

I-cWw e`n-®p-I-gn™p F∂v ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p.

d. tdma¿ 6:7

Aßs\ acn-®-h≥ ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂v tamN\w

(A-£-cm¿∞-Øn¬ \oXoI-c-Ww) ]m]n-®n-cn-

°p∂p (tdm-a. 6:7).

]m]sØ Iog-S-°p-hm≥ hnizm-kn-°p≈ ssIapX¬

F¥m-sW∂v ChnsS Hm¿∏n-°p-∂p. ""acn-®-h≥ ]m]-

Øn¬ \n∂v \oXoI-cWw ]m]n-®n-cn-°p∂p F∂mWv

A£-cm¿∞w. ChnsS ]pXnb Hcp \n¿h-N-\-Øns‚

Bh-iy-an-√. InkvXp-hn-t\m-Sp-IqsS acn-®n-cn-°p∂

GsXmcp hy‡n°pw \oXn-I-cWw ]Jym-]n-®n-cn-

°p∂p. ]m]-Øns‚ in£-bn¬ \n∂v kzX-¥-cm-°n-

bn-cn-°p∂p F∂v ]utemkv Hm¿∏n-°p-∂p. ChnsS

]m]-Øns‚ in£-bn¬ \n∂v hnSp-X¬ e`n-°p∂

hy‡n°v ]m]-Øns‚ i-‡n-bn¬ \n∂pw hnSp-X-ep-

s≠∂v kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. tImS-Xn-bpsS NnXw Chn-

sSbpw ]k-‡-amWv. Hcp hnizm-kn°v \nb-a-]-c-ambn

]m]-Øns‚ in£-bn¬ \n∂p hnSp-X¬ ]Jym-]n-®p-

I-gn -™-t∏mƒØs∂, Ah-s‚-ta¬ ]m]-Øn\v

bmsXmcp kzm[o-\-X-bp-an-√. \oXo-I-cW ]Jym-]\w

hnizm-kn-bp-sS-ta¬ ]m]-Øn-\p≈ kzm[o-\-Xbn¬

\n∂v Ahs\ kzX-¥-\m-°p-∂p (]m-]-Øns‚ in£-

bn¬ \n∂pw, i‡n-bn¬ \n∂pw). kµ¿ -Øns‚ ASn-

ÿm-\-Øn¬ "\oXn-I-cn-°-s∏´p' F∂p-≈Xv "kzX-¥-

\m°n/ tamNn®p'' F∂v X¿÷na sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.

hnizm-kn-bpsS \oXn-I-cWw F∂Xv, Ahs‚ Pohn-

X-Øn¬ ]m]-Øn\v kzm[o-\-Xtbm, IS-∏mtSm

C√mØ \ne-bn¬ ]m]-Øns‚ Ip‰-Øn¬ \n∂v

Ahs\ tamNn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. tdma. 6:7˛¬ \oXoI-c-W-

ØneqsS e`y-am-bn-cn-°p∂ A\p-Klw ]m]-Øns‚

in£-bn¬ \n∂pw i‡n-bn¬ \n∂pw D≈ kzmX-¥y-

am-sW∂v Dd-∏n®p ]d-bp-∂p. Cu hm°ns‚ bYm¿∞

A¿∞w "\oXoI-cn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p' F∂mWv. A\-

¥c-êw Pohn-X-Øn¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v

\oXoI-cWw kw`-hn-®p-I-gn™p. Pohn-X-Øns‚

A¥y-Øn¬ \S-t°≠ Hcp ]Jym-]-\-a√ \oXoI-

cWw. hnizm-kn-bpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ kw -hn-®p-I-gn™

Hcp bmYm¿∞y-amW.v

e. tdma¿ 8:30

ap∂n-b-an-®-hsc hnfn®pw hnfn-®-hsc \oXo-I-

cn®pw \oXo -I-cn-®-hsc tXP-kv°-c-n®p-an-cn-

°p∂p (tdm-a. 8:30).

ssZh-Øn-t‚-Xmb \nXy-am-bXpw ka-b-_-‘n-X-a-√m-

Ø-Xp-amb Imcy]cn-]m-Sn-bn¬ "\oXoI-cn®p' F∂

`qX-Im-e]-tbm-Kw a\p-jys‚ Pohn-X-Ønse \oXn-

I-c-W-k-a-b-sØ-°p-dn®p hfsc Ipd®p-am-Xta ]Tn-

∏n-°p-∂p-≈q. ssZh-Øns‚ Imcy-]-cn-]m-Sn-bn¬ temI-

ÿm-]-\-Øn\p apºv \oXoI-cWw kw -hn®p. tdma.

8:30˛¬ Ime-K-W-\-I-a-sØ-°mƒ bp‡n-k-l-amb

hnh-c-W-amWv \evIp-∂-Xv.

tdma. 8:30˛¬ ap≥\n-b-aw, hnfn, \oXoI-c-Ww, tXP-

kv°-cWw F∂n-h-bpsS ka-b-sØ-°p-dn®pw hni-Zo-

I-cWw \evIp-∂p. a\p-jys‚ kab ]cn-K-W-\-bpsS

ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Cu Imcy-ß-fpsS Iahpw Xo¿®-

bmbpw ChnsS shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. ap≥\nba\w `qX-

Im-e\n-Xy-X-bnepw ]n∂o-Sv hnfn, XpS¿∂v \oXo-I-cWw,

Ah-km-\-ambn tXP- v-°-cWw Cu kXy-ß-fpsS

]mtbm-KnIhiw tdma. 8:31˛39 hsc-bp≈ hmIy-ß-


197

fn¬ ImWp-∂p. tdman-ep≈ hnizm-kn-I-fpsS \oXoI-

cWw kw`-hn-®pI-gn-™-Xmbn°mWp-∂p. InkvXp

C∂v ]nXm-hns‚ he-Øp- m-K-Øn-cp-∂p-sIm≠v \ap-

°p-th≠n ]£-hmZw sNøp∂p (hmIyw 34). InkvXp-

hns‚ Cu ipiqj ]m]-Øns‚ Ip‰-Øn¬ \n∂v

\sΩ kwc-£n-°p∂p (hmIyw 33). ]m]-Øns‚ in£-

bn¬ \n∂pw (hmIyw 34) kwc-£n-°p-∂p. ]m]-Øns‚

Ip‰-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ hnSp-X-emWv \oXoI-c-Ww.

InkvXp-hns‚ ]£-hm-Z-ip-iqj, hnizm-kn-Isf ]m]-

Øn-s‚- Ip‰-Øn¬ \n∂pw \nba]cambn \ym-bm-[n-]-

Xn-bmb ssZh-Øns‚ apºm-sI-bp≈ in£m-hn-[n-bn¬

\n∂pw kzX-¥-cm-°p∂p. tdman-ep≈ hnizm-kn-I-sf-

√m-hcpw \oXoI-cn-°-s∏-´-h-cm-sW∂v ]utemkv

hy‡-ambn ka¿∞n-°p∂p. \oXo-I-cn-°pI F∂-

Xns‚ `qX-Im-e-]-tbm-K-amWv tdm-a. 8:30˛¬ G‰hpw

A\p-tbm-Py-ambn´pf-fXv. hnizm-kn-Iƒ \oXo-I-cn-°-

s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p.

3. \oXo-I-cn -°p-I˛ h¿Ø-am-\-Ime B£-cnI

]tbmKw

Cu ]T-\-Øn¬ \evI-s∏- n-cn-°p∂ hkvXp-X-I-fpsS

Iaw klm-b-I-c-amWv. H∂m-a-Xmbn \oXn-I-c-W-Øn-

\p≈ \n¿h-N\w hy‡-ambn a\- n-em-°-Ww. Xe

-ap-d-I-fmbn sX‰mb \n¿h-N-\-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬

\oXoI-c-W-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ ]T\w Nn¥m-°pg∏w

krjvSn-®n-cp-∂p. ]tXy-In-®v, "\oXo-I-cn-°pI'' F∂

hm°ns‚ h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-cq]w _p≤n-ap-´p-≠m-°n.

\oXoI-cWw F∂ hm°v Hcp XpS¿am\ ]In-b-bmbn

ImWp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-cq]w Nn¥m-°p-

g∏w D≠m-°p-∂n-√. tdma. 3:28˛¬ ""Hcp a\p-jy≥

hnizm-k-Øm¬Øs∂ \oXoI-cn-°-s∏´p'' F∂v ]d-

bp-∂p.

Hcp hy‡n hniz-kn-®v, IqSp-X¬ IqSp-X¬ \oXn-am-

\m-bn-Øo¿∂p \oXoI-cWw F∂ XpS¿am\ ]In-b-

bn¬ F∂v Nn¥n-°p-∂-h-cp-≠v. Aß-s\, \ho-I-c-W-

Im-e-L- -Øn\v apºp≈ ItØm-en-°¿, h¿Ø-am\

Ime\oXoI-c-W-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ ]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ

hmbn®v D]-tZ-i-]-c-amb kXy-ßƒ sX‰mbn hymJym-

\n®p. Ah¿ sX‰m-b-\n¿∆-N-\-ß-fm¬ A‘-X-]n-Sn®v

\o≠ ]In-b-bn¬ IqSn-°-S∂v (]-hr-Øn-bn¬°q-sS)

`mhn-bn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ ]Jym-]-\-Øn¬IqsS \oXn-

I-cWw t\S-W-sa∂v ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw, ssZh-Øm¬

Npa-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ \oXn-I-cW D]-tZ-isØ \ntj-[n-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXp. "\oXoI-cn-°pI' F∂Xv Hcp \nb-a-

hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ hm°m-sW∂pw, AXns‚ A¿∞w

\oXn-am-\mbn ]Jym-]n-°pI F∂-Xm-sW∂pap≈

kXyw eqYdpw Iq´cpw I≠p ]nSn-®-tXm-Sp-IqSn

A‘Im-c-bp-K-Øn\v Xnc»oe hoWp. "\oXoI-cWw'

F∂Xv IqSp-X¬ \oXn-am-∑m-cm-Ip∂ ]In-b-b-√. 65

\ymbm-[n -]≥ F∂p-≈-\n -e -bn¬ ssZhw Hcp

hy‡nsb \oXn-am-\m-sW∂v ]Jym-]n-°p∂ \nb-a-

\-S-]-Sn-bm-Wv. ""Hcp a\p-jy≥ hnizmkØm¬ \oXoI-

cn-°-s∏-Sp∂p'' F∂ h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-]-kvXm-h\ icn-

bmb \n¿hN \ØneqsS a\- n-em-°ptºmƒ Cu

hnj-b-Øn¬ ImX-emb am‰w kw -hn-°p-∂p.

h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-Øn¬ kw`-hn-°p-∂Xpw, F∂m¬

XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xpw \ne-\n-ev°p-∂-Xp-amb

]Ir-Xn-bp≈ Hcp ]hr-ØnsbbmWv h¿Ø-am-\-

Im-ew-sIm≠v kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. ""\oXo-I-cn-°pI''

(Un-bm-Iyq) F∂-Xns‚ hy‡-amb \n¿∆-N\w \oXn-

am-\mbn ]Jym-]n-°pI F∂mWv. ""\oXn-am-\m-IpI'

F∂-X√. \oXn-am-\m-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂p F∂ ]In-

bsb ImWn-°p-hm≥ h¿Ø-am-\-Imew km[m-cW D]-

tbm-Kn-°p-∂n-√. Hcp ]Jym-]\w F∂Xv Hcp ]hr-

Ønsb kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. adn®v Hcp ]In-b A√. H∂p-

In¬ Hcp hy‡nsb InkvXp-hn¬ \oXn-am-\mbn

]Jym-]n-°p-∂p. As√-¶n¬ InkvXp-hn¬ \oXn-am-

\mbn ]Jym-]n-°-s∏-Sp-∂n√. \oXo-I-c-W-Øn-te°v

Nne AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏-SmØ ""]Inb'' D]-tbm-Kn-°p-

∂Xv A\o-Xn-bm-Wv. tdma. 3:28 ]Imcw "Hcp a\p-jy≥

hnizm-k-Øm¬ \oXoI-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂p'' F∂Xp Hcp

hy‡n hniz-kn-°p-tºmƒ \oXn-am-\mbn ]Jym-]n-

°-s∏-Sp-∂p. hniz-kn-°p∂ \nan-j-Øn¬ Hcp-hy‡n

\oXn-am-\mbn ]Jym-]n-°-s∏-Sp∂p F∂ kXysØ

Hcmƒ \ntj-[n-°p∂p F¶n¬, hnizm-k-ap-≈-bmƒ

\oXn-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂n√sb∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xn\v Xpey-amWv

CXv. \oXoI-c-W-Øn\v hy‡-amb \n¿h-N\w \ne-

\n¬s° ta¬]-d™ hmIyw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v

XnI®pw -hn-cp-≤-amb Bi-b-am-Wv.

""Hcp a\p-jy≥ hnizm-k-Øm¬ \oXoI-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂p''

F∂ h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-]-tbmKw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-tºmƒ

AXns‚ A¿∞w hniz -kn -°p∂ hy‡nsb

A√msX Bscbpw \oXn-am-\mbn ]Jym-]n-°p-

∂n√ F∂m-Wv. \oXn-am-\mbn ]Jym-]n-°epw Bcw-

-hn-izm-khpw H∂n®v \S-°p∂p F∂-XmWv hyXym-

kw. hnizmkw Hcp h¿Ø-am-\-Ime bmYm¿∞y-am-Ip-

tºmƒ \oXn-am-\m-bp≈ ]Jym-]-\hpw bmYm¿∞y-

am-Ip-∂p. ssZhw Cu Ime-b-fhnepw Cu ]Jym-]-

\sØ km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. ssZhw hnizm-k-Øns‚

ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ ]mcw- -ambn \oXn-I-cn-°pIbpw Cu

\oXn-I-c-WsØ ssZhw C∂pw km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp-

Ibpw sNøp∂p.


65 k¬]-hr-Øn-bm¬ c£ t\Sm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn√ F∂kXysØ hy‡-ambn ewLn°p∂ Bi-b-am-WnXv.

198

hfsc \mfp-Iƒ°p-tijw \o≠ ]In-b-bpsS Ah-

km-\ambn \oXoI-cWw e`n-°p∂p F∂ tdma≥

ItØm-en-°-cpsS ImgvN-∏m-Sn\v bmsXmcp ASn-ÿm-

\-hp-an-√. ""\oXoI-cn-°pI'' F∂ hm°ns‚ `qX-Ime

]tbmKw ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏´ bmYm¿∞ysØ Nq≠n-

°m-Wn-°p-∂p. CXns‚ h¿Ø-am-\-Ime]tbmKw

\oXo-I-cWw ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°s∏´pIgn™p F∂p

Xs∂ ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p. hnizmkw D≠v F∂-Xns‚ ASn-

ÿm-\-Øn¬ \oXoI-cW]Jym-]-\hpw \S-°p-∂-

Xn\m¬ \oXo-I-cWw Hcp `qX-Ime bmYm¿∞y-ambn

\ap°v a\- n-em-°mw. hnizmkw D≠m-b-t∏mƒ

\oXoI-c-Whpw D≠m-bn. Bb-Xn-\m¬ CXv apºv

\S∂ Hcp kw`-h-ambn ImWmw. IqSmsX ssZhw

C∂pw hnizm-kn-bpsS \oXoI-c-WsØ ]Jym-]n®p-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.

""Hcp a\p-jy≥ hnizm-k-Øm¬ \oXo-I-c-n°-s∏-Sp∂p''

F∂ h¿Ø-am\Ime-]-kvXm-h-\, hnizm-k-Øm¬

XpS¿am-\-ambn \o-Xo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂p F∂ A¿∞-an√.

adn-®v, Ft∏mƒ hnizmkw BZy-ambn Pohn-X-Øn¬

hcp-∂pthm At∏mƒ \oXoI-c-Whpw e`y-am-Ipw. Hcp

hnizmkn Xncn-™p-t\m-°p-tºmƒ \oXo-I-cWw Hcp

]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏´ bmYm¿∞y-ambn°mWp-∂p. Hcp

hnizm-kn-bpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ \oXo-I-c-W -]-Jym-]\w

XpS¿∂p≈ Ime-L- -ß-fn¬ C∂p-h-scbpw ]m_-

ey-Øn-ep-≠ v F∂v Cu ]kvXm-h\ \sΩ ]Tn-∏n-

°p∂p.66

a. At∏m. ]hr. 13:39

tamsi-bpsS \ymb-]-am-W-Øm¬ \nßƒ°v

\oXoI-cWw hcp-hm≥ Ign-bmØ kI-e-Øn¬

\n∂pw hniz-kn-°p∂ Gh\pw Ch-\m¬

\oXoI-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂p (A-t∏m. ]h. 13:39).

ssZh-Øns‚ \oXn-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬, hniz-kn-

°p∂ Hcp-h\v \oXoI-c-W-]-Jym-]\w kz¥-am-°p-

hm≥ km[n-°p∂p F∂v Cu hmIyw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p.

b. tdma. 3:28

Aßs\ a\p-jy≥ \ymb-]-am-W-Øns‚ ]hr-

Øn-Iq-SmsX hnizm-k-Øm¬Øs∂ \oXoI-cn-

°-s∏-Sp∂p F∂p \mw A\p-am-\n-°p∂p

(tdm-a. 3: 28). 67

"\oXo-I-cWw' F∂Xv \oXoam-∑m-cm-IpI, \oXn-am-∑m-

cm-°pI F∂¿∞-Øn¬ FSp-Øm¬ Cu hmIy-

Ønse Inbm-]-Zhpw \sΩ Nn¥m-°p-g-∏-Øn-em-°pw.

"\nXoI-cn-°pI' F∂Xv tImS-Xn-kw-_-‘-amb hm°m-

sW∂pw, A¿∞w \oXnam\mbn ]Jym]n°pI

F∂msW∂pw a\- n-em-°n-bm¬ hmIyw hy‡-ambn

hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. hniz-kn-°p∂ GXv

hy‡nbpw ssZh-Øns‚ hntam-N\hn[n Ah-Im-i-

ambn e`n-°p∂p F∂v ]utemkv ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. hniz-

kn-°p∂ Gh\pw Ip‰-hn-ap-‡-\m-°-s∏-Sp∂p, ssZh-

\o-Xn-bpsS apºmsI \oXoI-c-W-]-Jym-]-\w A\p- -

h-am-°p∂p. hnizmkw D-≠m-b-t∏mƒØs∂ \oXoI-

c-Whpw e`y-am-Ip-∂p. \oXoI-cWw ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-

s∏´ bmYm¿∞y-ambnØocp-∂p. C∂pw AsXmcp

bmYm¿∞y-amWv. Fs¥-∂m¬ ssZh-Øns‚ \oXoI-

c-W-]-Jym-]\w C∂pw ]m_ey-Øn-ep≠v F∂p-≈-

XpXs∂

c. tdma¿ 3:24

Ahs‚ Ir]-bm¬ InkvXp-tb-ip-hn-¶se

hos≠-Sp∏v aqew kuP-\y-am-bsX \oXoI-cn-

°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv (tdma. 3:24)

ChnsS "\oXo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv' F∂ hm°v Hcp

hy‡n-bpsS XpS¿®-bm-bp≈ \oXn-I-c-W-sØ-b√

ImWn-°p-∂-Xv. tdma. 3:23˛¬ a\p-jy-h¿§w F√mw

]m]w sNbvXp F∂v ImWp-∂p. Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw

hy‡n-]-c-amb hnizm-k-Øm¬ 68 \oXo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-

Xn-\m¬, Hmtcm-cp-Ø¿°mbn ItaW e`n-°p∂ \oXo-

I-c-W-sØ-bm-Wv- ChnsS "\oXoI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv' F∂

hm°p-sIm≠v A¿∞-am-°p-∂-Xv. a\p-jy-h¿§sØ

H∂mbn ]cn-K-Wn-°p-tºm-ƒ \oXoI-cWw F∂Xv Xnc-

s™-Sp-°-s∏´hsc Imem-Im-e-ß-fn-embn \oXoI-cn-

°p∂ ]In-b-bm-W-t√m. F∂m¬ Hcp hy‡nsb

kw_-‘n®v \oXoI-cWw XpS¿am-\-amb Hcp ]In-

b-bm-sW∂v Nn¥n-°p-∂-Xn\v bmsXmcp ASn-ÿm-\-

hp-an-√. Hmtcm hy‡nsb kw_-‘n®pw \oXo-I-cWw

F∂Xv Pohn-X-Øn¬ hnizm-k-Øm¬ kw`-hn®p

Ign™ Hcp Imcyhpw C∂v Ahs‚ Ah-Im-ihpw

BWv. ""kuP\yw, Ir]'' F∂o hm°p-Iƒ \o≠

Hcp ]b-Xv\-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ e`n-®-X√ F∂v

hy‡-ambn Hm¿Ωn∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.


66 Bcw- -Øn¬ c£bv°v apJm-¥n-c-amb hnizmkw C∂pwAh-cn¬ XpS-cp∂p (1 ]sXm. 1:4˛5; 1 tbml. 2:19).BbXn\m¬ hnizmknIƒ C∂pw \oXoam∑msc∂vInkvXphn¬ ]Jym]n°s∏´psIm≠ncn°p∂p.67 "\oXn-I-cn-°pI' F∂ hm°v Ko°n¬ Hcp h¿Ø-am\

tIh-e-InbbmWv. h¿Ø-am\ tIh-e-In-b,-h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-I-a-ambn ImWn-°p-∂p. X¿÷-a -sN-bvX-h¿ h¿Ø-am-\-ImeInb-bmbn X¿÷a sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p.68 as‰mcp \ne-bn¬ Cu hm°v h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-Øn¬ FSp-Øm¬ Hmtcm hnizm-kn-bp-sSbpw Poh-X-Øn¬ \S-°p∂\oXn-I-c-WsØ kw_-‘n® h¿Ø-am-\-Ime ]kvXm-h-\-bmbn a\- n-em-°mw.

199

d. a‰p≈h

tdma. 3:26; 4:5; 8:33 F∂o hmIy-ß-fnse ]tbmKw

]cn-tim-[n-®m¬ Cu `mK-ß-fn¬ ssZh-sØ-°p-dn®v

"\oXo-I-cn-°p-∂-h≥' F∂ A¿∞Øn¬ ]cma¿in

®ncn°p∂p.

...tbip-In-kvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-hs\

\oXoI-cn-°p-∂-h≥ (tdma. 3:26).

]h¿Øn-°m-Ø-h≥ F¶nepw A -‡-s\ \oXn-

I-cn-°p-∂-h-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-ht\m Ahs‚

hnizmkw \oXn-bmbn IW-°nSp∂p (tdm-a. 4:5)

...-\o-XoI-cn-°p-∂-h-≥ ssZhw (tdm-a. 8:33).

Hcp ]In-b-bpsS ]cn-Wn-X- ew F∂p≈ \ne-bn¬

Hcp `mhn-Im-e-kw-`-h-amWv \oXoI-cWw F∂p≈

Bi-bsØ Aev]w-t]mepw t]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂n-√.

ssZhw Ct∏mgpw \oXo-I-c-W-]-In-b-bn¬ G¿s∏- p-

sIm-≠n-cn -°p-∂p. InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂

GsXmcp hy‡n-sbbpw \oXn-am-\mbn ]Jym-]n-

°p∂p. Hcp hy‡n-bpsS Pohn-X-Ønse BZy-hn-izm-

k-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Ahs‚ \oXoI-c-W-hn[n

D≠m-Ip-Ibpw AXv C∂pw ]m_-ey-Øn-en-cn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. tdma. 3: 26 Cßs\bpw hmbn°mw. ""tbip-

hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-hs\ \oXn-am-\mbn ]Jym-]n-

°p∂Xv ssZhw- BWv''

4. \oXoI-cWw i‡-amb \ne-bn¬ ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂

hmIy-ßƒ.

]utemkv \oXo-I-c-W-sØ-°p-dn®v Hm¿Ωn∏n-°p∂

Nne Inbm-]-Z-ßƒ \oXoI-cWw `qX-Ime h¿Ø-am-

\-Ime Ah-ÿ-sb-bmsW∂p ]d-bp-∂n-√. F∂m¬

ssZhØns‚ hyhÿ AwKo-I-cn-°p∂ Hcp hy‡n°v

e`n-°p∂ ]m[m-\y-X-bp≈ Hcp A\p-K-l-am-bn v ]d-

bp-∂p. Cu hmIy-ß-fnse Inbm-]Zw amXw, \oXo

I-cWw ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏´ Hcp hkvXp-X-bmsW∂p

sXfn-bn-°phm≥ aXnbmbX√. F∂m¬ F√mw

]kvXm-h-\-Ifpw, hnizmkw F∂ ssZhnI hyhÿ

AwKo-I-cn-°p∂ GsXmcp hy‡nbpw \oXo-I-cWw

]m]n-®ncn°p∂p F∂p Hm¿∏n°p∂p.

a. Kem. 2:16˛17

F∂m¬ tbip-In-kvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-Øm-

e-√msX \ymb-]-am-W-Øns‚ ]hr-Øn-I-fm¬

a\p-jy≥ \oXo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂n√ F∂p Adn-

™n-cn-°-sIm≠v \mapw \ymb-]-am-W-Øns‚

]hr-Øn-I-fm-e√ InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-

Øm¬Øt∂ \oXoI-cn-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xn\p

InkvXp-tbiphn¬ hniz-kn-®p; \ymb-]-am-W-

Øns‚ ]hr-Øn-I-fm¬ Hcp PUhpw \oXoI-

cn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√t√m. F∂m¬ InkvXphn¬

\oXoI-cWw At\z-jn-°-bn¬ \mapw ]m]n-Iƒ

F∂p hcp∂p F¶n¬ InkvXp ]m]-Øns‚

ipiq-j-°m-c≥ Ft∂m? (K-em. 2:16˛17).

hmIyw 16˛¬ \oXoI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥ th≠n ]utemkv

hniz-kn®p. Cu hm°v kmt¶-Xn-I-ambn \oXo-I-cW

kabw Ft∏m-gmWv F∂p shfn-hm-°p-∂n√. 17-˛mw

hmIy-Øn¬ ]utemkv ssZhnItImS-Xn-bpsS \oXn-

°p- ap-ºmsI InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ hy‡nsb

Ct∏mgpw Ip‰-ap≈ ]m]n-bmbn \n¿Øp-∂Xv oXn-tbm-

Sp-IqsS ImWp-∂p. Aß-s\-sb-¶n¬ InkvXp Hcp ]cm-

P-b-am-Wv F∂p amX-a√, Hcp I≈-]-hm-N-I-\m-

sW∂pw A¿∞-am-°p-∂p.

InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ Hcp hy‡nbpw ]m]-

Øns‚ in£m-hn-[n-bn¬ XpS-cp-∂n√sb∂v ]utemkv

kv]jvS-ambn ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. hniz-kn-°p∂ GsXm-cp-

h\pw e`n-°p∂ ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏´ bmYm¿∞y-ambn

\oXoIcWw \ne-\n-ev°p-∂p.

b. Kem. 3:8˛9

""F∂m¬ ssZhw hnizmkw aqew PmXn-Isf

\oXo -I-cn-°p∂p F∂v Xncp-sh-gpØp ap≥

I-≠n´p: ""\n∂n¬ kI-e-Pm-Xn-Ifpw A\p-K-ln-

°-s∏Spw'' F∂p≈ kphn-tijw A_-lm-an-

t\mSp ap≥Iq´n Adn-bn-®p. Aßs\ hnizm-

knIƒ hnizm-kn-bmb A_m-lm-an-t\m-Sp-IqsS

A\p-K-ln-°-s∏-Sp-∂p (K-em. 3:8, 9,)

8˛mw hmIy-Ønse "\oXoI-cn-°pI' F∂ hm°v ka-

b-sØ-°p-dn®v hy‡-am-°p-∂n√ F∂m¬ \oXn-I-c-W-

Øns‚ ]m[m-\yX Hm¿∏n-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ 9˛mw hmIy-

Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿ DS≥Xs∂ A_-lm-ans‚

A\p-K-l-Øn\v ]¶m-fn-bm-Ip∂p F∂v ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p.

Cu kµ¿`-Øn¬, hy‡-am-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂ A\p-

Klw \oXoI-c-W-amWv. hnizm-kn-Iƒ Xo¿®-bmbpw

\oXoI-cWw ]m]n®h-cm-sW∂v Dd-∏n-°p-∂p.

c. Kem. 3:24˛26

Aßs\ \mw hnizm-k-Øm¬ \oXoI-cn-°-

s∏-tS-≠-Xn\v \ymb-]-amWw InkvXp-hns‚

ASp-°-te°v \S-Øp-hm≥ \ap°v inip-]m-e-

I-\mbn `hn-®p. hnizmkw h∂-ti-jtam \mw

C\n inip-]m-e-Is‚ Iogn¬ A√. InkvXp-

tbiphnse hnizm-k-Øm¬ \nßƒ F√m-hcpw

ssZh-a-°ƒ BIp∂p (K-em. 3:24˛26).

""hnizm-k-Øm¬ \oXo-I-cn-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xn\v'' F∂


200

]tbmKw \oXo-I-c-W-Øns‚ bYm¿∞ kabw ]d-

bp-∂n-√. F¶nepw XpS¿∂p≈ hmIy-ß-fn¬ \ymb-

]-am-W -\n¿t±-i-Øns‚ e£yw (In-kvXp-hn-ep≈

\oXo-I-c-Ww) hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿°v e`n®p Ign™p

F∂v Hm¿∏n-°p-∂p. C∂v \mw \ymb-]-am--WØn≥

Iog√. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬ hnizm-k-Øm-ep-ff

\oXoI-cWw \ap°v bmYm¿∞y-am-bn-Øo¿∂n-cn-

°p∂p.

5. A_m-lm-ans‚ DZm-l-cWw

\oXoI-c-W-Øn\v ]utemkv DØtamZm-l-c-W-ambn

Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂Xv hnizm-kn-I-fpsS ]nXm-hmb

A_m-lm-an-s\-bmWv. \oXoI-cWw e`n-°p-hm-\mbn

Xs‚ -Po-hn-X-Øn¬ Ahkm\w hsc-tbm, \ymb-hn[n

Znh-kw-h-sctbm ImØn-cp-∂n√. A_mlmw hniz-kn-

®-t∏mƒ Xs∂ \oXoI-cWw e`n®p. ]g-b-Ime hn[n-

bm-bn´pw h¿Ø-am-\-Ime bmYm¿∞y-am-bn´pw \oXo-

I-cWw e`n® A_mlmw Hcp \√ DZm-l-c-W-amWv

(tdm-a. 4:3, 9, 11; Kem. 3:6, 9).

Xncp-sh-gpØv F¥v ]d-bp-∂p? A_mlmw

ssZhsØ hniz-kn-®p. AXv Ah\v \oXn-bmbn

IW-°n´p (\o -XoI-c -Ww) F∂p Xs∂

(tdma. 4:3).

A_lmw ssZh-Øn¬ hniz-kn-®p. AXv

Ah\v \oXn-bmbn (\oXoIcWw)IW-°n´p

F∂p-≠t√m (Kem. 3:6).

6. \oXo-I-c-W-Øn\v D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p≈ \ma-]-Z-ßƒ

(-]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏´ bmYm¿∞yw F∂ \ne-bn¬)

a. \oXn-I-cWw

km[m-cW, Cw•ojv ]Z-ß-sf-°mƒ Ko°p]Z-ß-fmWv

hy‡-amb Bibw \evIp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ \oXo-I-

cWw F∂ hm°ns\ (dikaiosunee) kw_-‘n®v

Aß-s\-b√. \oXn F∂ hm°v Hcp hmb-\-°m-c≥

ImWp-tºmƒ bYm¿∞ \oXn,- ]-Jym-]n-°-s∏´ \oXn

Ch-sb-°p-dn®v ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂-Xmbn a\- n-em-°mw.

c≠p hm°pIfpw Hcp-t]mse tXm∂n-°mw. F∂m¬

kml-Ncyw hne-bn-cpØn icn-bmb A¿∞w a\- n-

em -t°-≠-Xm -Wv. c£-bpsS D]-tZ -i -am -tWm,

InkvXobPohn-X-Øns‚ D]-tZ-i-amtWm F∂v kml-

N-cy-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ a\- n-em-°-Ww.

hnjbw c£-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv ]Jym-]n-°-s∏´,

As√-¶n¬ \evI-s∏´ \oXn-sb-°p-dn®v Bbn-cn°pw

(\o-XoI-c-Ww). hnjbw InkvXob Pohn-X-amsW¶n¬

AhnsS ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂Xv \ΩpsS bYm¿∞ \oXn-

sb-°p-dn®pw Bbn-cn°pw. Fgp-Øp-Im-cs‚ Dt±iw a\-

n-em-°p-hm≥ \oXn F∂ hm°n\v ]Icw \oXoI-

cWw F∂ hm°p D]-tbm-Kn®v kµ¿`w icn-bmtWm

F∂v I≠p-]n-Sn°mw. \oXn F∂ hm°n\v ]e D]-

tbm-K-ßƒ D≠v. ]Jym-]nX \oXn F∂pw ImWmw

hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿°v ssZh-Øns‚ ]Jym-]nX \oXn

e`y-am-°p-∂p-sh∂v Cu aqe`mK-ßƒ sXfn-bn-°p-∂p.

(1) tdma. 3:22

C-t∏mtgm ssZh-Øns‚ \oXn, hniz-kn-°p∂

F√m-h¿°pw tbip-In-kvXp-hn-¶se hn-izm-k-

Øm-ep≈ ssZh-\oXn Xs∂, \ymb-]-amWw

IqSmsX sh-fn-s∏- p-h-∂n-cn-°p-∂p (tdm-a. 3:21).

Cu ]kvXm-h-\, ]Jym-]n-°-s∏´ \oXn-sb-°p-dn®v

]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. AXv hnizm-k-Øm¬ e`n-°p∂p F∂pw

hniz-kn-°p∂ Gh¿°pw e`n-°p∂p F∂pw kqNn-

∏n-°p-∂p. ssZh-Øns‚ \ymbhn-[n-bpsS apºn¬ apgp-

tem-Ihpw Ip‰-°m-cm-sW-∂p≈ \nb-a-]-c-amb

kml-Ncyw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p (hmIyw 3:19˛20). Cu

hmZ-K-Xn-bn¬ \oXo-I-cWw F∂Xv Ip‰-°m-c-s\∂v

hn[n-°p-∂-Xn\v FXn-cm-bp≈ Bi-b-amWv (tdm-a. 5:

16, 18). Aßs\ \oXn F∂ hm°v A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv

\oXo-I-cWw BsW∂pw CXv hniz -kn -°p∂

Gh¿°pw e`n-°p∂p F∂pw ImWp∂p.

(2) tdma. 4:5

]h¿Øn-°m-Ø-h≥ F¶nepw A`-‡s\

\oXoI-cn-°p-∂-h-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-ht\m

Ahs‚- hn-izmkw \oXn-bmbn IW-°n-Sp∂p

(tdm-a. 4:5).

\ntj-[m-fl-Im¿∞-Øn¬ ]d-™m¬ tdma. 4:5˛¬

\oXoI-cWw e`n-°p-∂Xv ]hr-Øn-bm-e√ F∂v ]Tn-

∏n-°p-∂p. kv]jvS-ambn ]d-™m¬, hnizm-k-Øn¬

A[n-jvTn-X-am-Wv ""IW-°n´p'' F∂ Inbm-cq-]w. hniz-

kn-°p-tºmƒ ]Jym-]nX\oXn e`y-am-°p∂p F∂v

ÿm]n-°p-∂p. ""Npa-Ø¬'' F∂ hm°v hni-Zo-I-cn-

°p∂ at\m-l-c-amb Hcp hmIy-am-WnXv King JamesVersion - ¬ CXv AXn-a-t\m-l-c-ambn NnXo-I-cn-®n-cn-

°p-∂p. ""FÆ-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p'' F∂m-W-Xv. am\-kn-I-

ambn ""IW-°n¬s∏-Sp-ØpI'' F∂¿∞w. ]cn-K-Wn-

°pI, IW-°n-Sp-I, FÆp-I, F∂pw A¿∞-ap-≠v.

kmº-ØnIImcy-ß-fn¬ ""as‰m-cm-fpsS IW-°n¬

s∏SpØpI'' F∂¿∞w. icn-bmb ]pXn-b -\n-ba

hni-Zo-I-cWw nse-tam≥ 18- ¬ ImWmw (tdm-a. 5:13).

Ah≥ \nt∂mSp h√Xpw A\ymbw sNbvXnt´m

ISw s]´nt´m Ds≠-¶n¬ AXv Fs‚ t]cn¬

IW-°n- p-sImƒI (^n-se. 18).


201

]utem-kns‚ a\- n¬ Cu Bibw D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-

cn°mw. hniz-kn-°p∂ Hcp-hs‚ IW-°n-te°v ]Jym-

]n-°-s∏´ \oXn hchp shbv°p-∂p. thZ-im-kvX-⁄-

∑m¿ Cßs\ InkvXp-hns‚ \oXn hnizm-kn-I-fpsS

IW-°n¬ am‰p-∂-Xns\ ""\oXn Npa-ØpI'' F∂v

hnfn-°p-∂p.

(3) tdma. 5:17

GI≥ ewL-\-Øm¬ acWw B GIs‚

\nanØw hmWp F¶n¬ Ir]-bp-sSbpw \oXn

Zm-\-Øn-s‚bpw kar≤n e`n-°p-∂-h¿ tbip-

InkvXp F∂ GI≥ \nanØw G‰hpw A[n-

I-ambn Poh-\n¬ hmgpw (tdm-a. 5:17).

ChnsS \o-Xn-I-c-W-Øns‚ kabw ]d-bp∂n√

sb¶nepw CXv Zm\-am-sW∂v hy‡-am-°p-∂p.

(4) tdma. 9:30

BI-bm¬ \mw F¥p ]d-tb≠p? \oXnsb (\o-

Xn-I-c-Ww) ]n¥p-S-cmØ PmXn-Iƒ \oXn (\o-

Xn-I-c-Ww) ]m]n-®p. hnizm-k-Øm-ep≈ \oXn

(\o-Xn-I-c-Ww) Xs∂ (tdm-a. 9:30).

Cu `mKØv PmXn-I-fpsS c£-sb-°p-dn®v ]utemkv

kwkm-cn-°p∂p (9:24). blq-Z-∑m-cpsS c£bpw

(tdm-a. 10:1, 2)- tdm-a. 9:30˛¬ ]d-bp∂ \oXn ]Jym]nX

coXn/ \oXo-I-c-WsØ ]cm-a¿in-°p∂p. PmXn-I-fnepw

hnizm-k-ap-≈-h¿°v \oXn-I-cWw e`n-®p. \oXo-I-cWw

F∂Xv Cu Pohn-X-Øn¬Øs∂ Hcp bmYm¿∞y-

amWv. `mhn-bnse Hcp e£ytam ]Xym-itbm A√.

(5) tdma. 10:4, 6, 10

hniz-kn-°p∂ Gh\pw \oXn (\o-Xo-I-c-Ww)

e`n-∏m≥ InkvXp \ymb-]-am-W-Øns‚ Ah-

km\w BIp-∂p. hnizm-k-Øm-ep≈ \oXntbm

(\o-Xo-I-c-Ww) C∆Ww ]d-bp-∂p... lrZ-bw-

sIm≠v \oXn-°mbn (\o-Xo-I-c-Ww) hniz-kn-

°bpw (tdm-a. 10:4, 6, 10)

hnip≤Pohn-X-sØ-°mƒ c£bv°v ]m[m\yw

\evIp∂ A≤ym-b-amWv tdma¿ 10. (tdm-a. 10:1, 9, 12˛13).

ChnsS \oXn-sb-°p-dn®v ]Tn-°p-tºmƒ, AXv ]Jym-

]nX/ Npa-Ø-s∏´ \oXn (\o-Xo--I-c-Ww) BsW∂v a\-

n-em-°p-hm≥ ]utemkv BK-ln-°p∂p. \oXo--I-

cWw F∂Xv h¿Ø-am-\-Ime bmYm¿∞yw BsW∂v

4˛mw hmIyw Hm¿∏n-°p-∂p. hnizm-k-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-

\-Øn¬ \evI-s∏-Sp-∂p. IqSmsX, hniz-kn-°p∂p

Gh¿°pw \evI-s∏-Sp∂p. 10- mw hmIy-Øn¬ \oXn-I-

cWw Hcp hnizm-kn°v e`n®p -I-gn™ H∂m-sW∂pw

e`n-°p-hm≥ th≠n ]cn-i-an-t°-≠-Xn-s√∂pw hy‡-

am-°p-∂p.

(6) 1 sImcn. 1:30

\nßtfm Ah-\m¬ InkvXp-tb-ip-hn¬ Ccn-°p-

∂p. Ah≥ \ap°v ssZh-Øn-¶¬ \n∂v ⁄m

\hpw \oXnbpw (\o-Xo--I-c-W-hpw) ip≤o-I-c-W

hpw hos≠-Sp-∏p-ambnØo¿∂p (1 sImcn. 1:30).

ChnsS ]cm-a¿in-®n-cn-°p∂ \oXn, \oXo-I-cWw,

AYhm Npa-Ø-s∏´ \oXn-bm-sW∂v hy‡-ambn a\-

n-em-°mw. ip≤o-I-cWw F∂ ]Z-hp-am-bp≈

hyXymkw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. ChnsS Inbm-]Zw `qX-

Im-e-Øn-embXn\m¬ Hcp hnizm-knsb kw_-‘n-®n-

S-tØmfw \oXo-I-cWw ]q¿Ønbm°-s∏- p.

b. \oXn -am-\mb a\p-jy≥ - Ko°v ]Zw

\oXn-am-\mb hy‡n°v D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ Ko°v ]Zw

(dikaios) "]hr-Øn-bn¬ \oXn-bp-≈-h≥' "\oXn-am-

\mbn ]Jym-]n-°-s∏- -h≥' F∂pw A¿∞-am-°p-∂p.

IqSp-X¬ ]mh-iyhpw "\oXn-bp≈ s]cp-am‰w' F∂v

]tbm-Kn-®n-cn -°p-∂p. ""Ah-fpsS `¿Øm-hmb

tbmtk v \oXn-am-\m-I-sIm≠pw Ahƒ°v temIm-

]-hmZw hcp-Øp-hm≥ a\- n-√m-bvI-sIm-≠pw... (a-Øm.

1:19). F¶nepw l_. 2:4 ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ 3

]mhiyw D≤-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Chn-sS-sb√mw "\oXn-am≥'

F∂Xv "\oXn-am-\mbn ]Jym-]n-°-s∏´ Hcp-h≥' F∂

A¿∞-am-Wp-≈Xv (tdm-a. 1:17; Kem. 3:11; F_m. 10:38).

(1) ]g-b-\n-ba]›m-Øew (l-_. 2:4)

l_-°q°v ]hm-N-I≥ _mt_¬ ]hm-k-sØ-°p-

dn®p Nn¥bp≈h\m-bn-cp∂p. _m_n-tem¨ bnkm-

tb-ens\ Iog-S-°n-b-Xns‚ HuNnXyw ssZh-tØmSv

tNmZn-®p. ssZh-Øns‚ adp-]-Sn-bpsS Hcp `mK-amWv

Cu hmIyw: ""\oXn-am≥ hnizm-k-Øm¬ (hn-iz-kvXX)

Pohn-°pw.'' Cu ]kvXm-h\ c≠v \ne-bn¬ a\- n-

em-°mw. H∂m-a-Xv, hnizm-k-Øm¬ \oXn-am-\mbn

]Jym-]n-°-s∏´ Hcp hy‡n, ]iv\-ß-fpsS ka-

bØpw \nXyPo-hs‚ A\p- -h-Øn¬ XpS-cpw. A∂v

blq-Zy-bn-ep≈ hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v Cu ]kvXm-h\

hfsc Bizm-k-am-bn-cp-∂p. as‰m-∂v, ""\oXn-am\mb a\p-

jy≥ \ne-\nev°pw'' (]-hm-k-Ønepw hniz-kvXX

apJm-¥ncw 69 uXnI PohnXw XpS-cp-I). Xo¿®-bmbpw

ssZhw c≠p Bi-bßfpw Dt±-in-®n-cp∂p F∂Xv

hy‡w.

(2) l_. 2:4 ]utemkv D≤-cn-°p∂p

Cu hmIy-Øn¬ hniz-kvX-cm-bn-cn-°p-∂-h¿°pw


69 F_m. 10:38 ˛ se hmIy`mKw l_. 2:4˛¬ \n∂mWv,

\oXoIcn°s∏´ a\pjy≥ hnizkvX PohnXw

\bn°Wsa∂mWv A¿∞am°p∂Xv. F_m-b¿ 11 se

202

\oXnbmbn \S-°p-∂-h¿°pw `uXnI PohnXw

hmKvZØw sNøp∂ ]Xymi \evIp∂p F¶nepw

\oXn-I-c-°-s∏-´-h¿ hnizm-k-Øm¬ Bfln-I-ambn

Pohn°pw F∂v ]utemkv ]Tn-∏n -°p-∂p. Cu

]tbmKw c≠p coXn-bnepw hymJym-\n-°mw. F¶nepw

]pXnb- \n-ba ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ hy‡-ambpw Bfln-

I-Po-hn-XsØ ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p. IqSmsX ssZ-h-Øns‚

]Jym-]n-°-s∏´ \oXnsb shfn-hm-°p∂p.

(a) tdma. 1:16˛17

kphn-ti-j-sØ-°p-dn®v F\n°v e÷-bn√;

hniz-kn-°p∂ Gh\pw BZyw blq-Z\pw

]ns∂ bh-\\pw AXv c£-bv°mbn ssZh-i-

‡n-bm-Ip-∂p-h-t√m. AXn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ \oXn

hnizmkw tlXp -hmbpw hnizm -k-Øn -

∂mbns°m≠pw shfn-s∏-Sp-∂p. ""\oXn-am≥

hnizm-k-Øm¬ Pohn°pw'' F∂v Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-

°p∂pht√m (tdm-a. 1:16˛17).

""\oXn-am≥ hnizm-k-Øm¬ Pohn°pw''F∂ ]kvXm-

h-\-bpsS ]tXy-I-amb A¿∞w XpS¿∂p≈ `mK-ß-

fn¬ ]utemkv hy‡-am-°p∂p. \oXn sNøp∂ a\p-

jy≥ hniz-kvX-X-tbmsS Pohn-°pw F∂v sX‰mbn

hymJym-\n-°p-hm≥ km≤y-X-bp≠v (k-¬]-hr-Øn-

bn¬°q-sS) Cu \ne-bn -ep≈ hymJym-\sØ,

XpS¿∂p≈ mKw Hcn-°epw AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂n√. tdma.

1 :16˛17 -˛¬ Hcp ]_‘w Ah-X-cn -∏n -°p∂p.

XpS¿∂p≈ `mK-ßƒ ]cn-tim-[n-®m¬ tdma. 1:17˛¬

""\oXoI-cn-°-s∏- -h¿°v hnizm-k-Øm¬ \nXy-Po-h≥

D≠v'' F∂p≈ Bibw a\- n-em-°mw.

l_. 2:4 se D≤-c-Wn, tdma.1: 16˛17 hscbp≈ ]m[m-

\y-ta-dnb ]kvXm-h-\bv°v Dt]m-Xv_-e-I-am-sW∂p

amXw. B ]kvXm-h\ ""ssZh-Øns‚ \oXn (\o-XoI-

c-Ww)... hnizm-k-ap-≈-h¿°v'' F∂v hmbn°mw. hy‡-

ambpw Chn-sSsØ hnjbw c£-bmWv (hmIyw 16).

ssZh-Øns‚ (ssZ-h-Øn¬ \n∂p≈) \oXn F∂v ]cm-

a¿in-°p-∂-Xv. Ahs‚ (In-kvXphns‚) \oXn-bn¬

ASn-ÿm-\-s∏´ \oXoI-c-WsØ Dt±-in-®mWv (t\m-

°p-I. tdma. 3:21˛22; 10:4) Cu ]pkvX-I-Ønse

Xmt°m¬ hnjbw F∂Xv ]Jym-]n-°-s∏´ \oXn-

bm-Wv. 17- mw hmIy-Øns‚ BZy- mKw ]cm-a¿in-°p-

∂Xv \oXn-I-cWw F∂ hn-j-b-sØ-°p-dn®mWv. AXp-

sIm≠v XpS¿∂v ""\oXn -am≥ hnizm -k-Øm¬

Pohn°pw'' F∂v D≤-cn-°p-∂p. tdma. 1:17- ¬ \oXoI-

cWw F∂Xv hnizm-kn-°p e`n-°p∂ h¿Ø-am\Ime

A\p-K-l-am-Wv. adn®v `mhn-bn¬ e`n-°p-hm≥

t]mIp∂ Hcp ]Xym-i-bpsS A\p-`-h-a√ F∂v

]utemkv Kln-∏n-°p-∂p. ""hnizm-k-Øn-\mbpw

hnizmkw tlXp-hmbpw'' F∂ ]tbmKw a\p-jy-N-

cn-X-Øn¬ DS-\o-fw, XpS¿∂pt]m-Ip∂ hnizmkw

hy‡n-Po-hn-X-ßsf cq]m-¥-c-Øn-te°v \S-Øp∂p

F∂v kXysØ ImWn-°p-∂p. ASpØ hmIy-Øn¬

(tdm-a. 1:18) ]m]-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn ssZh-Øns‚ tIm]w

XpS¿®-bmbn shfn-s∏-Sp∂p F∂v ImWp-∂p. tdma.1:

17 Cßs\ \ap°v hmbn°mw AXn¬ (kp-hn-ti-j-

Øn¬) ssZh-Øns‚ shfn-s∏´ \oXn bpK-ß-fmbn

Hcp-hs‚ hnizm-k-Øn¬ \n∂pw as‰m-cp-hs‚ hnizm-

k-Øn-te°v shfn-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p (h-¿≤\ XpS¿∂p-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p).

(b) Kem. 3:11

F∂m¬ \ymb-]-am-W-Øm¬ ssZh-k-∂n-[n-

bn¬ Bcpw \oXn-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂n√ F∂Xp

kv]jvSw ""\oXn-am≥ hnizm-k-Øm¬ Pohn°pw''

F∂t√m D≈Xv (K-em. 3:1).

tdma. 1:17˛¬ ]_-‘-Øns‚ BZy-]-kvXm-h\

ImWp∂p. XpS¿∂v ""\oXn-am≥ hnizm-k-Øm¬

Pohn°pw'' F∂-Xns‚ hni-Zo-I-cWw \evIp-∂p. Kem.

3:11 F∂Xv Hcp ]pkvX-I-Øn-s‚bpw Hcp hmZ-K-Xn-bp-

sSbpw a≤y-Øn-embn ImWp-∂p. Kem. 3:6˛¬ ]Jym-

]n-°-s∏´ \oXnsb ]utemkv hy‡-am-°p∂p.

(A-_-lm-an\v IW-°n´ \oXn) IqSmsX \nb-a-h-

isØ ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p (\ym-b-]-am-W-

Øns‚ im]w Kem. 3:10).

AXp-sIm-≠v, ""\oXn-am≥ hnizm-k-Øm¬ Pohn°pw''

F∂Xv hnizm-k-Øm¬ \oXn-am-\mbn ]Jym-]n-°-s∏-

´-h≥ Bflob(\n-Xy)Poh-\n¬ XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-

°pw. Cu \ne-bn-ep≈ Bizm-k-]-Z-amb ]Xym-i-

bmWv l_-°p-°ns‚ Ime-Øp≈ F_m-bsc Xmßn-

\n-dp-Øn-b-sX∂p ]utemkv hnizkn°pItbm,

Ipd™]£w Cu \nebn¬ Cu hmIyw ]tbmKn

°m≥ ]cnip≤mflmhn\m¬ \bn°s∏SpItbm

sNbvXp

7. \oXn-I-cW kabw ˛ D]-kw-lmcw

Pohn-X-Imew apgp-h≥ XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Hcp

]In-b-bmWv \oXoI-cWw F∂Xv sX‰mb Bibw


]g-b-\n-ba hnip-≤-∑m¿ Cu Bibw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

l_. 2:4; tdma. 1:16-˛17, Kem. 3:11. Cu hmIy-ß-fnse

hnizmk Ømep≈ \oXn-I-cWsØ ]utemkv Hm¿∏n-°p-

∂p. ]g-b-\n-ba ]kvXm-h\ kw_-‘n®v Cu c≠v Bi-

b-ßfpw ssZhnI Dt±-i-Øn¬ tbmPn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Poh-]-

cy-¥-ap≈ hniz-kvX-X-bmWv l_. 2:4 FSpØv F_m.

10:38˛¬ ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂-Xv. C]Imcw Cu thZ`mKw

]ueqkns\ hfscb[nIw a\ nem°phm≥ klmbn®p.

203

BWv. GXv \ne-bn¬ \oXo-I-cWw F∂ hnj-bsØ

kao-]n-®mepw (c-£-bpsS `qX-Im-ew, `qX-Im-e-h¿Ø-

am-\-Im-e -In-bm-]-Z-ßƒ, \oXoI-cWw, ]m[m\yw

\evIn ]cm-a¿in-®n-cn-°p∂ hmIy-ßƒ, A_-lm-

ans‚ DZm-l-cWw GsX-Sp-Øm-epw), hniz-kn-°p-∂-

h¿°v ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏-´Xpw ]q¿Æ-X-bp-≈-Xp-

amb Hcp bmYm¿∞y-amWv \oXoI-cWw F∂v ss_

_nƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p(in-£m-hn[n \oßn F∂v ]Tn-

∏n-°p∂ hmIy-ßƒ. tbml. 5:24; tdma. 8:1; 33˛34).

C. \oXo-I-c-W-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\w: hnizmkw

\oXoI-c-W-Øns‚ \n¿h-N-\hpw ka-bhpw N¿®

sNøp-∂-Xn\v, \oXoI-c-W-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\w hnizm-

k-amWv F∂ hnjbw _‘-s∏SptØ-≠-XmWv. BZy-

ambn \oXoI-cWw \n¿h-Nn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. InkvXp-hn-

ep≈ hnizm-k-Øn¬ ASn-ÿm-\-s∏- -XmWv \oXo-I-

cWw F∂ ]T-\-Øn¬ i≤ -tI-µo-I-cn-t°-≠-XmWv.

hnizm-k-Øm-ep≈ \o-Xo-I-c-W-Øns‚ sXfn-hp-Iƒ

hfsc Bim-h-l-am-Wv. hnizm-k-Øm-emWv c£ F∂

hkvXpX Bsc-¶nepw \ntj-[n-®m¬ AXv a\- n-em-

°p-hm≥ ]bm-k-am-Wv. \oXoI-cn-°-s∏-SmØ/ c£n-

°-s∏-SmØ Hcp hnizm-kn-t]mepw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-I-

bn√. CXv kqNn-∏n-°p∂ Nne-hm-Iy-ßfpw Nne `mK-

ßfpw tN¿Øn-cn-°p-∂p.

1. InkvXp-hn-ep-≈ hnizm-k-Øm¬ \oXo-I-cWw

ASn-ÿm-\-s∏- - hmIyßƒ

a. \oXoI-cn -°pI F∂-Xns‚ Inbm-]-Z -ßƒ

At∏m. 13:39; tdma. 3:26, 28, 30; 4:5; 5: 1, 9; Kem. 2:

16˛17; 3:8; 3:24)

b. \oXoI-c-Ww \maw (]-Jym-]n-°-s∏´ \oXn) (tdm-

a. 1:17; 3:22; 4:3; 5,9,11, 13, 22- 24; 9:30; 10:4, 6, 10;

Kem. 3:6; F_m. 11:7)

c. \oXn F∂ \maw. tdma. 1:17; Kem. 3:11; F_m.

10:38).

Aßs\ a\p-jy≥ \ymb-]-am-W-Øns‚

]hrØn IqSmsX hnizm-k-Øm¬Øs∂

\oXoI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p F∂p \mw A\p-am-\n-

°p∂p (tdm-a. 3:28).


\oXoI-cn-°p-∂-h-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-ht∂m


(tdm-a. 4:5)

AXp-sIm≠v hnizm-k-Øm¬ \oXoI-cn-°-s∏-

´n v \ΩpsS I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-kvXp-aqew

\ap°v ssZh-tØmSv kam-[m\w D≠v. Ahs‚

c‡-Øm¬ \oXn-I-cn-°-s∏-´-ti-jtam Ah-

\m¬ FX -A-[n-I-ambn tIm]-Øn¬ \n∂v

c£n-°-s∏Spw (tdm-a. 5:1, 9).

F∂m¬ ssZhw hnizmkw aqew PmXn-Isf

\oXoI-cn-°p∂p F∂p Xncp-sh-gpØp ap≥

I≠n v ""\n∂n¬ kI-e-Pm-Xn-Ifpw A\p-K-ln-

°-s∏Spw'' F∂p≈ kphn-tijw A_m-lm-an-

t\mSp apºp-Iq´n Adn-bn-®p. Aßs\ hnizm-

kn-Iƒ hnizm-kn-bmb A_-lm-an-t\m-Sp-IqsS

A\p-K-ln-°-s∏-Sp∂p (K-em. 3:8˛9).

Ct∏mtgm ssZh-Øns‚ \oXn hniz-kn-°p∂

F√m-h¿°pw tbip-InkvXphn¶se hnizm-

k-Øm-ep≈ ssZh-\oXn Xs∂ \ymb-]-amWw

IqSmsX shfn-s∏- p-h-∂n-cn-°p-∂p (tdm-a. 3:22).

hniz-kn-°p∂ Gh\pw \oXn e`n -∏m≥

InkvXp \ymb-]-am-W-Øns‚ Ah-km\w

BIp-∂p (tdm-a. 10:4).

lrZ-bw-sIm≠v \oXn-°mbn (\o-Xn-I-c-Ww)

hniz-kn-°p-I-bpw... (tdm-a. 10:10).

2. Ir]-bm¬ kuP-\y-ambn e`n®-XmWv \oXo-I-cWw

F∂p ]Tn∏n°p∂ hmIyßƒ

Ahs‚ Ir] -bm¬ InkvXp-tb-ip-hn-¶se

hos≠-Sp-∏p-aqew kuP-\y-am-bsX \oXoI-cn-

°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv (tdm-a. 3:24).

GIs‚ ewL-\-Øm¬ acWw B GI≥

\nanØw hmWp F¶n¬ Ir]-bp-sSbpw

\oXnZm\-Øn-s‚bpw kar≤n e`n-°p-∂-h¿

tbip-InkvXp F∂ GI≥ \nanØw G‰hpw

A[n-I-ambn Poh-\n¬ hmgpw (tdm-a. 5:17).

\mw Ahs‚ Ir]-bm¬ \oXoI-cn-°-s∏- n´p

]Xym-i-]-Imcw \nXy-Po-hs‚ Ah-Im-in-I-fm-

bn-Øo-tc-≠-Xn-\p... (Xo-sØm. 3:7).

3. \oXo-I-cWw ]hr-Øn-Ifme√msb∂p ]Tn∏n°p

∂ hmIyßƒ

a. ""\oXoI-cn-°pI'' F∂ Inbm-]Zw

At∏m. ]hr. 13:39; tdma. 3:20; 4:2; Kem. 2:16;

3:11)

b. \oXo-I-cWw ˛ \maw (]-Jym-]nX \oXn): tdm-a.

4:5, 9, 31; Kem. 2:21; 3:21.

tamsi-bpsS \ymb-]-am-W-Øm¬ \nßƒ°p

\oXoI-cWw hcp-hm≥ Ign-bmØ kI-e-

Øn¬ \n∂pw hniz-kn-°p∂ Gh\pw Ch-\m¬

\oXoI-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂p (A-t∏m. ]hr. 13:39)


204

AXp-sIm≠v \ymb-]-am-W-Øns‚ ]hr-Øn-

I-fm¬ Hcp PUhpw Ahs‚ k∂n-[n-bn¬

\oXoI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. \ymb-]-am-W-Øm¬

]m]-Øns‚ ]cn -⁄m-\-asX hcp -∂Xv

(tdm-a. 3:20).


\oXo-I-cn-°p-∂-h-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-ht\m

Ahs‚ hn-izmkw \oXn-bmbn IW-°n-Sp∂p

(tdm-a. 4:5).


k-∂n-[n-bn¬ \oXn-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂n√ F∂Xp

kv]jvSw. ""\oXn -am≥ hnizm -k-Øm¬

Pohn°pw'' F∂t√m D≈Xv (K-em. 3:11).

D. hnizm-kn-bpsS \oXn-bn≥ Dd-hnSw

ssZhw Hcp-hs\ hnizm-k-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬

\oXn-am-s\∂v ]Jym-]n-°p-tºmƒ, Ah≥ Hcp-I-≈-

Øcw ]Jym-]n-°p-I-b√ sNøp-∂-Xv. A\o-Xn-bm-bp-

≈Xv \oXn-bmbn ]Jym-]n-°p-I-b√ sNøp-∂-Xv. k¿∆-

a-\p-jycpw Hcp-t]mse Ah-cpsS ]hr-Øn-I-fm¬

\oXosI´h-cm-bn-Øo¿∂p. F∂m¬ ]pXnb \nbaw

\sΩ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv, InkvXp-hns‚ \oXn hnizm-kn-

bpsS t]cn¬ hchpsh®p F∂m-Wv. Aß-s\, ssZhw

t\m°p∂Xv hnizm-kn-bpsS \oXn-b-√, InkvXp-hns‚

\oXn-bmWv. hnizm-kn°p \evI-s∏- n-cn-°p∂ InkvXp-

hns‚ \oXn-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ a\p-jy≥ \nb-a-

]-c-ambn \oXn-am-\m-sW∂v kXy-ambn hn[n-°p-hm≥

ssZh-Øn\v Ign-bpw. \ΩpsS kz¥w \oXn-b-√.

InkvXp-hns‚ \oXn-bmWv c£n-°p-∂-Xv. Xs‚ \oXn

Hcn-°epw \-jvS-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Hcp hnizm-

kn°v Xs‚ c£bpw \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂n-√. ssZh-ap-ºmsI

Hcp hnizm-kn-bpsS \nb-a-]-c-amb \ne-\n-ev∏v,

InkvXphns‚ \nXyhpw If-¶-an-√m-Ø-Xp-amb \oXn-

bn¬ ASn-ÿm-\-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. \oXoI-c-W-Øn-\p≈

Cu \n¿h-N\w, kz¥-\o-Xn-b√ (AXns‚ G‰hpw \√

\nebn¬ CXv C∂pw A\o-Xn-bm-Wv. sbi. 64:6).

InkvXp-hns‚ \oXn Hcp hnizm-kn-bpsS t]cn¬ IW-

°n- n-cn-°p∂p F∂p≈ ]Jym-]-\-Øn¬ ASn-ÿm-

\-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.

1. ]g-b-\n-ba ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ \oXn

ssZhP\-Øn\v IW-°n- p.

]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬, ]tXy-In®v henb ]hm-N-I-∑m¿,

ssZhw Xs‚ P\-Øn\v \evIp-Ibpw Ahsc \ymb-

]-am-W-Øns‚ apºn¬ \oXoam-∑m-sc∂v ]Jym-]n-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂-Xmbn ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. c£-bp-ambn

_‘-s∏´ ssZhnI\oXn-bpsS s]mXphmb \ne-hmcw

kw_-‘n® Nne hmIy-ßƒ (sb-i. 45:17; 46:13; 51: 5,

59:16˛17) a‰p-≈-h¿ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv, Hcp hy‡n \oXn-

am-\mbn ]cn-K-Wn-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xn\v ssZhw Xs‚ \oXn

Ah¿°p-sIm-Sp-Øp (sb-i. 53:11; 54:17; 61:10). a\p-jy\v

ssZhw Xs‚ kz¥w \oXn \evIp∂p F∂pw ]Tn-∏n-

°p∂hcp≠v (sb-i. 45:25; bnc. 23:6; 33:16).

2. ssZh-Øns‚ \oXn ssZh-P-\-Øns‚ t]cn¬ IW-

°n´p F∂v ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ ]pXn-b-\n-b-a- m-K-ßƒ.

ssZh-Øns‚ \oXn F∂ ]Zw c≠p \ne-bn¬ \ap°v

a\- n-em-°mw. H∂v, ssZh-Øns‚ \oXn, as‰m∂v

a\p-jy-\n-te°v h∂ ssZh-Øns‚ \oXn. tdmam-te-

J-\-Øn¬ ssZ-h-Øns‚ \oXn F∂Xv hnizm-kn-bpsS

ta¬ Npa-Ø-s∏´ \oXn F∂v ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p (tdma. 1:

17; 3:21˛22; 10:3˛4). hy‡-ambn∏d-™m¬ hnizm-kn-

bpsS ssZh-ap-ºm-sI-bp≈ \nb-a-]-c-amb \ne-]m-Sns‚

ASn -ÿm-\-Øn¬ Ahs‚ t]cn¬ tN¿°p∂

InkvXp-hns‚ \oXn (A-h-\n¬ Ccn-°p∂p tdma. 5:

10; Fs^. 1:7; 3:12; sImsem. 2:10).

GIs‚ ewL-\-Øm¬ acWw B GI≥

\n-anØw hmWp F¶n¬ Ir]-bp-sSbpw \oXn-

Zm-\-Øn-s‚bpw kar-≤n- e- n-°p-∂h¿ tbip-

InkvXp F∂ GI≥ \nanØw G‰hpw A[n-

I-ambn Poh-\n¬ hmgpw. Aßs\ GI-ew-L-

\-Øm¬ kIe a\p-jy¿°pw in£m-hn[n h∂-

Xp-t]mse GI-\o-Xn-bm¬ kIe a\p-jy¿

°pw Poh-Im-c-W-amb \oXoI-c-Whpw h∂p.

GI a\p-jys‚ A\p-k-c-W-t°-Sn-\m¬ At\-

I¿ ]m]n-I-fm-bn-Øo¿∂-Xp-t]mse GIs‚

A\p-k-c-W-Øm¬ At\-I¿ \oXoam-∑m-cm-bn-

Øo¿∂p (tdm-a. 5:17˛19).

\nßtfm Ah-\m¬ InkvXp-tb-ip-hn¬ Ccn-

°p-∂p. Ah≥ \ap°v ssZh-Øn-¶¬ \n∂v

⁄m\hpw \oXnbpw (\o-XoI-cWw) ip≤o-

Ic-Whpw hos≠-Sp -∏p -am -bn -Øo¿∂p

(1 sImcn. 1:30).

]m]w Adn -bm -Ø-hs\ \mw Ah\n¬

ssZhØns‚ \oXn -bm-tI-≠-Xn\v \ap-°p-

th≠n ]m]w B°n (2 sImcn. 5:21).

E. D]-kw-lmcw

\oXoI-cWw kw_-‘n®v ]pXn-b- \n-b-a-Øn-ep≈

F√m ]cm-a¿i-ßfpw hI-Xn-cn®v ]Tn-°p-hm≥ km[n-

®n- p-≠v. Cu ]Zw hfsc hy‡-ambn \sΩ Hm¿Ωn∏n-

°p-∂Xv ssZhw \ym-bm-[n]Xn F∂ \ne-bn¬ ]Jym-

]n-°p∂ \oXn-bm-Wv. adn®v ItaW \oXn ]m]n-°p∂


205

]In-b-b√. InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-Øm¬ F√m-

hcpw \oXn-I-cn-°-s∏´psh∂pw Ct∏mgpw \oXoI-cn-

°-s∏´ Ah-ÿ-bn¬ XpS-cp∂p F∂Xpw hy‡-amWv.

`mhn-bn¬ \S-°p∂ \ymb-hn[n Znh-k-Øn¬ hnizm-

kn-bpsS \oXo-I-c-WsØ Bh¿Øn®v Dd-∏n-°p-Ibpw

sNøpw. aØm. 12:37˛¬ AXns‚ Hcp ]cm-a¿iw

ImWp∂p ""\ns‚ hm°p-I-fm¬ \o \oXoI-cn-°-s∏-

Sp-Ibpw \ns‚ hm°p-I-fm¬ \o Ip‰w hn[n-°-s∏-Sp-

Ibpw sNøpw.'' F¥m-bm-epw, \oXoIcWw kw_-

‘n® `mhn-]-Jym-]\w ]cn-l-cn-°-s∏´ Hcp ]iv\-

Øns‚ Dd-∏m-Wv. hnizm-kn-I-fpsS \oXo-I-cWw kw -

hn-®p-I-gn™p. Hcp-hs‚ hnizm-k-Øm-ep≈ \oXn-I-c-

W-Øns‚ Dd∏v `mhn-bn¬ ]cn-l-cn-°-s∏-tS≠ Hcp

hnj-b-am -bn -cn -°p -∂n -√. hnizm -k-Øm-ep≈

\oXoIcWw c£-bpsS Hcp A\-¥-c- -ehpw hnizm-

kn°v C∂v kz¥-ambn Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Ign-bp-

∂-Xp-am-Wv.

V. k¬]-hr-Øn-Iƒ

A. bYm¿∞ c£ k¬]-hr-Øn-Ifnte°v \bn-°p-∂p

]pXnb \nba Fgp-Øp-Im-sc√mw bYm¿∞ c£-bn-

te°v \bn-°p∂ hnizmkw k¬]-hr-Øn-Iƒ°v Imc-

W-am-Ip∂p F∂ D]-tZ-i-tØmSv s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂p.

c£ F∂Xv hnizm-khpw k¬]-hr-Ønbpw IqsS

tN¿∂-X-√, ]ns∂-tbm, hnizm-k-Øm¬ c£bpw

k¬]-hr-Ønbpw cq]-s∏-Sp∂p. tPm¨ Im¬hn≥

]d-bp-∂-Xv, ""hnizmkw amX-amWv c£n-°p-∂-Xv,

F∂m¬ hnizmkw c£n-°pI amX-a√ sNøp-∂-Xv.''

c£bv°v apºv k¬]-hr-Øn-Iƒ Bh-iy-an-√.

F∂m¬ c£n-°-s∏- hsc kw_-‘n®v AXv Bh-

iy-am-Wv.

Ir]-bm-et√m \nßƒ hnizmkw aqew c£n-

°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv: AXn\p \nßƒ Imc-W-a√;

ssZh-Øns‚ Zm\-asX-bm-Ip∂p. Bcpw ]iw-

kn-°m-Xn-cn-∏m≥ ]-hr-Øn-Ifpw Imc-W-a-√. \mw

Ahs‚ ssI∏-Wn-bmbn k¬]-hrØnIƒ°m-

bn´p InkvXp-tb-ip-hn¬ krjvSn--s∏-´-h-cm-

Ip∂p. \mw sNbvXp-t]m-tc-≠-Xn\v ssZhw

Ah aps∂m-cp-°n-bn-cn-°p∂p (F-s^. 2:8˛10).

F∂m¬ Hcp-Ø≥: ""\n\°p hnizmk-ap≠v;

F\n°v ]hr-Øn-Iƒ D≠v F∂p ]d-bp-am-bn-

cn -°pw. \ns‚ hnizmkw (_p≤n-]-c-amb

hnizmkw) ]hr-Øn-Iƒ IqSmsX ImWn-®p-X-

cn-I, Rm\pw Fs‚ hnizmkw (B-i-bw) ]hr-

Øn-I-fm¬ ImWn-®p-X-cmw'' ... Cßs\ Bflm-

hn-√mØ icocw \n¿÷o-h-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-

t]mse ]hr-Øn-bn -√mØ hnizm -khpw

\n¿÷o-h-am-bn-cn-°p∂p (bm-t°m. 2:18, 26).

B. bYm¿∞-amb c£ XpS¿®-bm-bp≈ ]m] -kz- m-h-

hp-ambn s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂n√

A\ymbw sNøp-∂-h¿ ssZh-cmPyw Ah-Im-i-

am-°p-I-bn√ F∂p Adn-bp-∂n-√tbm? \nß-sf-

Øs∂ h©n-°m-Xn-cn-∏n≥, Zp¿∂-S-∏p-Im¿, hnK-

lm-cm-[n-Iƒ, hy`n-Nm-cn-Iƒ, kzb-t`m-Kn-Iƒ,

]pcp-j-Im-an-Iƒ, If-f-∑m¿, AXym-K-ln-Iƒ,

aZy-]-∑m¿, hmhn-jvW-°m¿, ]nSn®p ]dn-°m¿,

F∂n-h¿ ssZh-cmPyw Ah-Im-i-am-°p-I-bn√

(1 sImcn. 6:9˛10).

""ssZh-cmPyw Ah-Im-i-am-°pI'' F∂ ]Zw apgp-h≥

]Xn- -e-ßfpw ]m]n-°p-∂-Xns\ ImWn-°p-∂-Xmbn

Nne¿ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. B ]Zw tXP-kv°-c-WsØ

ImWn-°p∂p (1 sImcn. 15:50).

PU-Øns‚ ]hr-Øn-Itfm Zp¿∂S-∏v, A-ip-≤n,

Zpjv°m-aw, hnK-lm-cm-[-\, B`n-Nm-cw, ]I,

]nW-°w, Pmc-i-¶, tIm[w, imTyw, Zzµz-]-£w,

`n∂-X, Akqb, aZy-]m\w, shdn-°qØv apX-

em-bh F∂p shfn-hm-°p-∂p. Cu hI ]hr-

Øn-°p-∂-h¿ ssZh-cmPyw Ah-Im-i-am-°p-I-

bn√ F∂p Rm≥ apsº ]d-™-Xp-t]mse

Ct∏mgpw \nß-tfmSp ap≥Iq´n ]d-bp∂p

(K-em. 5:19˛21).

Zp¿∂-S-∏p-Im-c≥, Aip-≤≥, hnK-lm-cm-[n-,

Zhym-K-ln, Ch¿°p B¿°pw InkvXp-hn-

s‚bpw ssZh-Øn-s‚bpw cmPy-Øn¬ Ah-Im-

i-an√ F∂p \nßƒ Adn -bp -∂p -ht√m

(F-s^. 5:5).

Ip™p-ß-sf, Bcpw \nßsf sX‰n-°-cp-Xv.

Ah≥ \oXn-am-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse \oXn

sNøp-∂-h≥ \oXn-am-\m-Ip-∂p. ]m]w sNøp-∂-

h≥ ]nim-Nns‚ aI≥ BIp∂p... ssZh-Øn¬

\n∂p P\n-®-h≥ Bcpw ]m]w sNøp-∂n√;

Ahs‚ hnØp Ah-\n¬ hkn-°p∂p ssZh-

Øn¬ \n∂v P\n-®-Xn-\m¬ Ah\p ]m]w

sNbvhm≥ Ign-I-bp-an√ (1 tbml. 3:7, 8, 9).

C. \nXyamb kpc£nX-Xzw, D∑q-e\w sNøm≥ Ign-

bmØ ]m]w F∂o D]-tZ-i-ß-fp-am-bp≈ s]mcpØw.

Hcp hnizmkn \nXy-ambn kpc-£n-X-\m-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ

Øs∂ ]m]w sNøp-hm≥ Ignbpw F∂p≈ kXyw

XpS¿∂v hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p. CXv bmZr-›n-I-ambn

sNbvX ]m]-sØ-°p-dn-®-√, adn®v XpS¿®-bm-bp≈


206

]m]-]-Ir-Xn-sb-bm-Wv. Kem. 5:19˛21 hsc hmIy-ß-

fn¬ ]utemkv Hm¿Ωn∏n-°p-∂-Xv, ]m]-Øns‚ GsX-

¶nepw Hcp ]hrØn (Zp¿∂S∏v, Aip≤n, ]I,

]nW°w, aZy]m\w) c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Imc-W-

am-Ip-∂n-√ Ft∂m, B hy‡n c£n-°-s∏-´-h-\√

F∂v ]d-bp-hm≥ Ign-I-bn√ F∂pamWv. XpS¿®-bmb

]m] kz`m-h-sØ-bmWv ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂-Xv. CsXmcp

PohnX ssien-bm-sW∂v A`n-]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cp-ap-≠v.

bmsXmcp hnap-J-Xbpw IqSmsX ZpjvS-X-bn¬ XpS-cp∂

Pohn-X-ssienbp≈h¿ c£n-°-s∏- -h-c√ F∂-Xns\

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn -°p∂ ]m]

]IrXn Kem. 5:21 ¬ ""Cu hI -]-h¿Øn-°p-∂-h¿''

F∂ ]Zw-sIm≠v kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. 1 tbml. 3:9 ¬

h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-Øn¬ XpS¿am-\-kz- m-hsØ kqNn-∏n-

°p-∂p. Hcp InkvXym-\n°v ]m]w sNøp-hm-\p≈

km≤yX D≠v. F∂m¬ ]m]w XpS¿®-bmbn sNøp-

∂Xv c£bv°v Imc-W-amb hnizmkw Ah-\n¬ Hcn-

°epw C√ F∂p-f-f-Xns‚ kqN-\-bmWv.

D. ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-K-W\

c£ k¬]-hr-Øn°p Imc-W-am-Ip∂p F∂ kXyw

]mtbm-Kn-I-X-e-Øn-em-°p-hm≥ ssZhw Xo¿®-bmbpw

BK-ln-°p∂p. Bflm-hns‚ \nXyX \ΩpsS e£y-

am-bn-cn -°-bm¬ ]mtbm-KnItaJ-e-bn¬ henb

kq£vaX Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ Bh-iy-am-Wv.

1. ]m]-kz- m-h-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ amXw c£

\ntj-[n-°p-∂-Xn\p≈ Xm°o-Xv.

c£ k¬]-hr-Øn-bn-te°p \bn-°p∂p FX-amXw?

Ft∏mƒ? bYm¿∞ c£bpw ]m]-kz- m-hhpw H∂n®v

aptºm´p t]mIp-∂n-√. F¥mWv ]m]-]-IrXn? amk-

Øn-sem-cn-°tem? Znh-k-Øn-sem-cn-°tem? ]m]-kz-

`m-h-Øns‚ cq]o-I-c-W-sØ-°p-dn®v \Ωƒ A⁄-cm-

Wv. Hcp hy‡n A©p-h¿jw I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-

kvXp-hn-\p-th≠n Pohn-°p-∂p. ]n∂oSv aq∂p-h¿jw

]m]-Po-hn-X-Øn-te°v amdn-t∏m-bn. Aß-s\-sb-¶n¬

At±lw ]m]-Øn¬ XpS-cp-∂-ht\m? InkvXym-\n-Iƒ

]m]w sNøp-hm≥ km≤y-X-bp -s≠∂v ]pXn -b-

\n-ba D]-tZ-iw- ]-Tn-∏n-°p∂p (tdm-a. 6:12; Kem. 5:17).

F√m kXyhpw ssZhw \ap°v X∂n- p-s≠-¶nepw Nne-

Im-cy -ß-fn -ep -ff \ΩpsS A⁄X \mw G‰p-

]-d-tb-≠-Xm-Wv. Hcp hy‡n tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚

ac-Ww, AS-°-s∏-S¬, ]p\-cp∞m\w F∂nh a\- n-

em-°p-∂p. tbip c£n-Xmhpw ssZh-]p-X-\p-am-sW∂v

AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p. ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ c£-bv°mbn

Bflm¿∞-ambn hniz-kn-°p∂p F∂v G‰p-]-d-bp-∂p.

Cß-s\-bp≈ Hcp hy‡n°v k¬]-hr-Øn-sb-°p-dn-

®p≈ Adn-hns‚ A`m-h-Øn¬ c£ \ntj-[n-°p-hm≥

Hcn-°epw Ign-bp-I-bn-√. as‰mcp hy‡n°v Hcp hy‡n-

bpsS Pohn-X-Ønse ]m]]Ir-Xn-bpsS ImcWw

a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-I-bn-√. ]q¿Æ-X-bn-√mØ Hcp

Pohn-X-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ amXw c£-bv°p≈

km≤yX ]q¿Æ-ambn X≈n-°-f-bm-\m-hn-√. 2 Xnsam.

2:19˛¬ ""ssZhw X\n-°p-≈-hsc Adn-bp∂p'' F∂v ]Tn-

∏n-°p-∂p.

2. ]co-£n-°-s∏-Sp∂ kwi-b-ßƒ

InkvXp-hn-s\ ]kw-Kn-°p-Ibpw InkvXym-\n-bpsS

Pohn-X-\n-e-hmcw C√m-Ø-h-tcm-Spap≈ \ΩpsS at\m-

`mhw F-¥m-bn-cn-°-Ww? Hcmsf hn[n-°p-hm-\p≈ Ah-

Imiw \ap-°n-s√-¶nepw Cu PohnXw kwibw P\n-

∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. kwi-b-Øns‚ A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬

]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNø-Ww. ""\nßfpsS sXmgn¬

]cnKWn®√ \nßƒ c£n°s∏Sp∂Xv.'' kmaq-ly-

]-Xn-_-≤-X-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ c£ ]kw-Kn-

°p∂ \pW-b-∑m-cp-≠v. Ch¿ ssZh-a-°-fpsS CS-bn¬

\pg™p Ib-dp-hm≥ th≠n hnizmkw ]kw-Kn-°p∂

I≈-∑m-cm -Wv. F∂m¬ Xßƒ c£n-°-s∏-

´hcmsW∂v Bflm¿∞-ambn Nn¥n-°p-∂ Nne¿°v

_p≤n-]-c-ambpw sshIm-cn-I-hp-am-bp≈ hnizmkw

amXta D≈q. Hcp hy‡n-bpsS c£sb \ntj-[n-

°p∂ ISpw-]n-Sp-Øhpw c£-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ kwi-

bhpw XΩn¬ Nne hyXym-k-ß-fp-≠v. ""Fs¥√mw

]kw-Kn-®mepw \o c£n-°-s∏-´-h-\√'' F∂p ]d-

bp∂Xpw ""PohnXw I≠m¬ c£n-°-s∏- -h-\m-sW∂v

Dd-∏n√'' F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xpw XΩn¬ hyXymkw D≠v.

Hcp hy‡n-bpsS Pohn-XsØ hne-bn-cp-Øn-s°m≠v

\jvS-s∏- -h-\m-sW∂v Dd-∏n-°p-∂Xv A\p-NnXw BWv.

F∂m¬ c£-sb-°p-dn®v a\- n-em-°n-bn- pt≠m F∂p

a‰p-≈-h¿°v tXm∂p-amdv ]m]-Øn¬ Pohn-°p∂ Hcp

hy‡n hnizmkw ]kw-Kn-°p-tºmƒ kwi-b-ßƒ

h¿≤n-®p-h-cp-∂Xv \ymb-am-Wv. ]m]-Øn¬ Pohn-°p∂

hy‡n-bpsS c£-sb-°p-dn®v kwi-bn-t°≠n hcp-

tºmƒ, Cß-s\-bp-≈-h¿ A[n-Im-c-ÿm-\Øv Bbn-

cn-°p-∂Xpw c£n-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-h≥ hnizmkw ]kw-Kn-

°p-∂Xpw k`mt\XrXzw \ncp-’m-l-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-

XmWv.

3. kzb]cn-tim-[\

c£-bpsS A\-¥-c- -e-ambn k¬]-hr-Øn-Iƒ cq]-

s∏-Sp-Ibpw ]c-ky-]-Jym-]\w \S-Øp∂ InkvXym-

\n-Iƒ°v AXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ a‰p-≈-h-cpsS

c£-sb-°p-dn-®v, A¥na hn[n Iev]n°m≥ Ign-bp-

sa∂pw ssZhw Hcn-°epw ]Tn-∏n-®n- n-√. ]m]-Øn¬

XpS-cp∂ hy‡n c£n-°-s∏- n- n√ F∂v ss__nƒ

]kvXm-hn-°p-hm≥ ImcWw, c£n-°-s∏´ Hcp hy‡n


207

Ft∏mgpw Xs‚ Pohn-XsØ ]cntim[n°p∂-bm-fm-

bn-cn°pw. ]m]-Øns‚ i‡-amb kzm[o-\-X-bn¬ XpS-

ßp∂ hy‡n a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xv, c£n-°-s∏´ hy‡n

Bfl]cntim[\aqew ]m]-Øn¬ XpS-cp -∂n√

F∂mWv. icn-bmb \ne-bn¬ kphn-tijw a\- n-em-

°n-bn- p-t≠m, Bflm¿∞-ambn InkvXp-hn¬ Bi-

bn-°p-∂pt≠m F∂pw ]cn-tim-[n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. ]m]-

Øn¬ XpS-cp∂ a‰p-≈-hsc hn[n-°p-∂-h-cmbn´√,

Bfl]cntim[\-bv°mbn t]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂-h-cm-

bn-cn-°Ww (2 sImcn. 13:5˛¬ ]utemkv sNbvX-Xp-

t]m-se).

\nßƒ hnizm-k-Øn¬ Ccn-°p-∂pthm F∂p

\nß-sf-Øs∂ ]co-£n-∏n≥; \nß-sf-Øs∂

tim[\ sNbvhn≥... (2 sImcn. 13:5).

4. InkvXob hnizmkw ]kw-Kn-°p-∂-h¿ ]m]-Øn¬

Pohn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-Xnsc i‡amb ]Xn-I-cWw

]m]-Øn¬ XpS-cp-∂-h-cpsS in£-sb-°p-dn-®v, kwi-

bn-°p-∂Xv \ymb-am-Wv. Ah-tcm-sSm≈ icn-bmb ]Xn-

I-cWw Ahsc kzb-tim-[-\bv°v t]cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw

kphn-ti-jw AwKoIcn°pIbpw sNøpI F∂p-≈-

Xm-Wv. kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ ambw Ie¿Øn-s°m≠v

c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\p apºv Xs∂ hnip-≤-Po-hnXw \bn-

°p-hm≥ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂ InkvXym-\n-I-tfmSv hfsc

ISp-Ø- \n-e-bn¬ ]Xn-I-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. Cß-s\,

hnizmkw ]kw-Kn-°p-∂-h¿ ]m]-Øn¬ XpS-cp-Ibpw,

kaq-l-Øns‚ a≤y-Øn¬ \√ \ne-hm-c-Øn-\p-th≠n

kphn-ti-j-tØmSp IqsS k¬]-hr-Øn-Iƒ Iq´n-

t®¿°pIbpw sNøp-∂-Xn¬ bmsXmcp \ymbo-I-c-

Whpw C√. hnizm-k-Øm-ep≈ c£ amX-amWv ]cn-

[n-Iq-SmØ \nehmc-Øn-te°pw ka-b-]-cn[n C√mØ

Ime-b-f-hn-te°pw k¬]-hrØn ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-∂Xv.

\ΩpsS ka-b-]-cn-[nbpw kwXr-]vXnbpw A\p-k-cn®v

k¬]-hrØn shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ X°-hÆw Ir]-

bpsS kphn-tijw cq]m-Ø-c-s∏-SpØn ssZhsØ

klm-bn-t°≠ Bhiyw C√. ]m]w sNbvXp-sIm≠v

]kwKw XpS-cp∂ InkvXym-\n-Iƒ AtX kphn-

tijw ho≠pw ]cn-tim-[n-°p-hm≥ Xp\n-bp-I-bm-Wv

sNtø-≠-Xv. adn®v as‰mcp kphn-tijw -]-kw-Kn-°p-

I-b√ (K-em. 1:6˛7).

VI. hnip-≤o-I-cWw

hnip-≤o-I-c-W-Øn\v D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ bYm¿∞

]Zw, hn-ip-≤n, hnip-≤≥ F∂n-h-bm-Wv.

A. hnip≤oIcWw ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬

CXn-t\mSp _‘-s∏ v hn-ip-≤n, hnip-≤o-I-cWw F∂o

hm°p-Iƒ ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ 830 ]mhiyw ImWp-∂p.

(B-ZysØ 5 ]pkvX-I-ß-fn¬ 70 350 ]mhiyw )

Bcw- -sØ-°p-dn®v hy‡-X-bn√. Nne¿ CXns\ ""apdn-

°p-I, ]¶nSpI, th¿Xn-cn-°pI'' F∂v Bibw

\evIp∂p. ]q¿Æ-ambpw icn-bm-bn-cn-°-W-sa-∂n-√.

CXns‚ kml-N-cyhpw ]tbm-Khpw ]cn-K-Wn-°p-

tºmƒ CXns‚ ASn-ÿm\ Bibw ""ssZh-Øns‚

ipiq-j-bv°p-th≠n th¿Xn-cn-°pI'' BsW∂v hni-

Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p. F_mb hm°v ""Imlv tZmjv' F∂mWv

(1 i-ap. 21:5; sbl. 22:26; 42:20; 44:23). "Imlv tZmjv'

F∂Xn\p≈ G‰hpw \√ ]Zw "Xncp'(sacred)F∂XmWv. CXp "euInIw'/"s]mXphmb' F∂Xn\p

hn]coXamWv. ChnsS ÿm\-Øn\pw _‘-Øn\pw

Du∂¬ \evIn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. kZm-Nmc \ne-hm-c-Øn-\√,

""ssZhn-I-amb Ahÿ'' As√-¶n¬ "ssZhnI D]-tbm-

K-Øn-\p-th≠n th¿Xn-cn-°-s∏- Xv'' F∂o Bi-b-ß-

fn¬ ImWmw. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ hnip≤hkvXp-°ƒ°v

DZm-l-c-Ww, bnkm-tb¬ k`,-kz¿§w, kotbm≥,

IØp∂ apƒ∏-S¿∏v , tamsi \n∂ ÿew, bcq-ti-

ew, kam-K-a-\-Iq-Smcw, ssZhm-e-bw, bmK-h-kvXp-°ƒ,

]mX-ßƒ, FÆ, A∏w, hnf-°p-X-≠v, i∫-Øv,

hnip≤ k`mtbm-Kw, tbmth¬ kwh-’-cw, hkvXw,

A¶n bp≤-Øn-\p-th≠n ]XnjvTn°pI F∂n-h-

bmWv. ASn-ÿm\ Bibw ""ssZhnI ipiq-j-bv°p-

th≠n th¿Xn-cn -°pI'' F∂m-Wv. kZm-Nmcw/

km∑m¿§nIw CXn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-tØ≠ Bh-iy-an√.

F∂m¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øm≥ Ignbpw. kml-N-cy-ß-fmWv

GXp hnj-b-Øn-\mWv Du∂¬ \evtI-≠Xv F∂v

Xocp-am-\n-°p-∂-Xv. hnip≤n F∂Xv Aip-≤n-bn¬

\n∂p≈ th¿]m-SmtWm, AtXm ssZh-Øn-¶-te-

°p≈ Hcp ÿm\ob th¿]m-SmtWm F∂v a\- n-em-

°p-∂Xv B \ne-bn-em-Wv. Xo¿®-bmbpw ssZhw Fhn-

sS-sbms° \oXn-am-\m-bn-cn-°Ww F∂v ]d-™n-

´pt≠m Ahn-sS-sbms° ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ th¿]m-

Sn\v Du∂¬ \evIn-bn- p≠v (te-hy. 19:2; 20:7, 8, 26; 21:

6, 8, 15, 23; sbi. 6:3˛8; l_. 1:12˛13).

B. hnip-≤o-I-cWw ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬

1. ÿnXn hnh-c-W-°-W°v

hnip-≤o-I-cn-°pI F∂-Xns‚ Ko°v Inbm-]Zw

"lmssKtkm'(hagaiza) ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ 29

]hiyw ImWp∂p. AXns‚ \maw (l-Kn-tbm-kv)

hnip-≤n, hnip-≤≥, F∂nh GI-tZiw 236 ]mh-

iyhpw, ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv 94 ]mh-iyhpw hnizm-kn-Iƒ

61 ]mh-iyhpw hnip-≤o-I-cWw 10 ]mh-iyhpw ImWp-


70 A.S. Wood, “Holiness” in The Zondervan Pictorial Encyclo-pedia of the Bible (Grand Rapids: Zondervan publishing House,1976) 3: 174

208

∂p.

2. th¿Xn-cn-°-s∏´ ]Z-hn°v Du∂¬ \¬Ip∂

]tbmKw

ssZh-Øn-\p-th≠n th¿Xn-cn-°-s∏´, ka¿∏n-°-s∏- ,

]Xn-jvTn-°-s∏´ \ne-bn-emWv "lmssKtkm' F∂

]Zw A¿∞-am-°p∂-Xv. AXm-bXv ssZh-Øn-\p-th≠n

D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥ th¿Xn-cn-°-s∏- Xv F∂v a\-

n-em-°mw. km∑m¿§n-I-amb D∂-X-\n-e-hm-cw F∂v

hnh-£n-°p-∂n-√. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ CXv ]tXy-I-ambn

hy‡-am-°-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. Poh-\n-√mØ hkvXp-°sf

_‘-s∏-SpØn∏d-™n-cn-°p∂p (B-ebw aØm. 23:

17, 19, Blm-cw˛ 1 Xnsam. 4:5, ]mX-ßƒ˛2 Xnsam. 2:

21, hnip-≤-\-Kcw ˛ aØm. 4:5; 27:53; shfn. 11:2; 21:2,

10; 22:19; hnip-≤-ÿew aØm. 24:15; At∏m. ]h.

6:13; 21:28 ÿew˛ At∏m. ]hr. 7:33; 2 ]sXm. 1:18).

Cu hkvXp-°ƒ km∑m¿§n-I-\n-e-bn¬ hnip-≤-am-bn-

cp-∂n-√. AXns‚ hnip≤n F∂p-≈Xv ssZhnI ipiq-

jbv°v th¿Xn-cn-°-s∏-´Xv F∂p≈ coXn-bn-em-Wv.

IpSm-sX, Nne-t∏mƒ hy‡n-Ifpw hnip-≤-cmWv/ As√-

¶n¬ hnip-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏- -h-cmWv F∂v ]d-bm-dp-≠v.

F¶n-epw, Ah¿ Bflo-b-ambn D∂X \ne-hm-c-ap-≈-

h-c√ F∂Xv hy‡-amWv (D-Zm. sImcn. 1:1˛2; 6:11).

c£n-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-h¿ hnizm-kn-I-fp-am-bp≈ hnhm-l-_-

‘-Øn¬ hnip-≤o-I-cn -°-s∏´p˛1 sImcn. 7:14.

Cßs\bp≈hcpsS a°ƒ 1 sImcn. 7:14 F√m

B¨Ip-™p-ßfpw eqt°m. 2:23). ssZhw Xs∂°p

dn®p Xs∂ hnip≤ntbmSp≈ _‘-Øn¬ ]cm-a¿in-

°p-tºmƒ AhnsS ""km∑m¿§nI hnip≤n'' A√,

ÿm\ob hn-ip-≤n-bmWv Du∂n-∏-d-bp-∂Xv F∂v a\-

n-em-°mw. ssZh-Øn\v km∑m¿§nI hnip≤n IqSp-

X-embn ]m]n°phm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. ssZhw F√m

\ne-bnepw ]q¿Æ-X-bp-≈-h-\m-b-Xp-sIm≠v kZm-Nm-

c-]-c-ambn hf¿® ]m]n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-an-√. AXp-

sIm≠v InkvXp hnip-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂p F∂p

]tbmKn®ncn°p∂ ÿm\-ß-fn¬ km∑m¿§nI hn-ip-

≤n-sb-°p-dn®v ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p F∂v Nn¥n-°p-hm≥

Ign-I-bn-√. ]pX≥ IqSp-X¬ tZmjw ]h¿Øn-°p∂p

F∂¿∞-an-√. InkvXp IqSp-X-embn Xs‚ ]Z-hn-bn¬

Db¿sØ-s∏- p. ssZhn-I-]-hrØn-°p-th≠n th¿Xn-

cn-°-s∏´p F∂v a\- n-em-°mw (tbm-l. 10:36; 17:19).71

Cß-s\-bp≈ F√m ]cm-a¿i-ßfpw km∑m¿§nI

A\p- -h-ß-sf-°mƒ ÿm\ob ]Z-hn-°mWv Du∂¬

\evIp-∂-Xv. ssZhØn\pth≠n th¿Xn-cn-°-s∏-´Xv

F∂p≈ \ne-bn¬ NneXv hnip-≤-am-sW∂v Hm¿Ωn∏n-

°p-∂p. ssZhn-I-amb \ne-bn¬ (ssZ-hØns‚ hI)

hnip-≤-\m-Ip-hm≥ Ignbpw. adn®v ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p≈

km∑m¿§nIhpw kZm-Nm-c-]-c-hp-amb th¿]m-Sn\v

Du∂¬ \evIp-∂n√.

3. ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ km∑m¿§nI th¿]m-Sn\v

]m[m\yw \evIp∂ hm°p-Iƒ

kZm-Nm-c-]-c-amb \oXn-\n¿∆-l-W-sØ-°mƒ ssZh-

Øns‚ ipiq-j-bv°p-th≠n th¿Xn-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂

Ahÿ-bmWv hn-ip-≤o-I-cWw F∂p \mw Nn¥n-°p-

∂-Xv. Nne kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ hnip-≤o-I-cWw F∂Xv

]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ kZm-Nmc/km∑m¿§nI th¿]m-

Sns\ kw_-‘n-°p-∂-XmWv F∂p≈ hkvXp-Xsb

]q¿Æ-ambn \nc-kn-°p-I-b√ sNøp-∂Xv ""hnip-≤o-I-

cn-°pI'' F∂-Xn\v ""th¿Xn-cn-°pI'' F∂m-W¿∞w.

kml-N-cy-ß-ƒ ASn-ÿm-\-s∏-Sp-Øn-bmWv "th¿Xn-cn-

°pI' F∂ ]Zw ÿm\ob hnip-≤n-°mtWm, kZm-

Nmc hnip-≤n-°mtWm Du∂¬ \evIp-∂Xv F∂v

Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂-Xv. ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ th¿]mSv

F∂ ]m[m-\y-ap-≈ Bibw hnip-≤o-I-c-W-Øns‚

kn≤m-¥-Øn¬ AS-ßn-bn- p-≠v. hmIyw tdma. 6:19, 22.

ChnsS hnip-≤o-I-cWw F∂Xv Aip-≤n, \nb-a-ew-

L\w F∂o hm-°p-I-fpsS FXn¿]-Z-am-Wv. 1 sX .

4:3, 7 Cu hmIy-ß-fn¬ hnip-≤o-I-cWw F∂Xv Akm-

∑m¿§n-I-X-bn¬ \n∂v Hgn-™p-\n-ev°p-I-bm-sW∂pw

\n¿ΩeX, _lp-am-\y-X, F∂n-h-bp-ambn _‘-s∏- -

Xm-sW∂pw Hm¿∏n-°p∂p. a¿t°m. 6:20; At∏m. ]hr.

3:14. ChnsS hnip≤n F∂Xv \oXn /]cn-ip≤n F∂-

Xn\v Xpey-am-sW∂v a\- n-em-°mw. 1 ]sXm. 1:14˛16

hnip≤n F∂Xv tamlw, A⁄m\w F∂-Xn\v FXn-

cm-Wv. Fs^. 1:4; 5:27 Ip‰-an-√m-bva-bp-ambn _‘-s∏-

´Xv hnip-≤o-I-cWw F∂-sX. efn-X-ambn∏d-™m¬

ssZhnIipiq-j-bv°p-th≠n th¿Xn-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂

Ah-ÿ-bm-Wv. IqSmsX ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p≈

]mtbmKnI th¿]m-Sn-s\bpw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. Hcp ]cn-

[n-hsc Cu c≠v Bi-b-ßfpw Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p. F∂m¬

kµ¿`w A\p-k-cn®v CXns‚ ]m[m-\yX Hcp Bi-

b-Øn¬ \n∂v as‰mcp Bi-b-Øn-te°v amdpw. hnip-

≤o-I-cWw kw_-‘n®v hyXykvX \ne-bn-ep≈

]m[m-\yX a\- n¬h-®p-sIm≠v Hcp hnizm-kn°v

aq∂p Ime-ß-fn-ep-ff hnip-≤o-I-cWw Ds≠∂v a\-

n-em-°p-hm≥ CS-bm-I-Ww.

4. hnip-≤o-I-c-W-Øns‚ `qX-Im-e-hiw

F√m hnizm-kn-Ifpw hnip-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏-´h-cm-Wv.


71. aØm. 6:9; eqt°m. 11:2;1 ]sXm. 3:15 ChnsS ssZhwIqSp-X¬ hnip-≤-\m-Ip∂p F∂v ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂n-√. Ah≥\nXy-X-bn¬Øs∂ ]m]-an-√m-Ø-h-\m-Wv. ssZhw \Ωn¬\n∂p th¿Xn-cn-°-s∏´v D∂X ]Z-hn-bn-te°pw Db¿Ø-s∏´p F∂p Nn¥n-°mw.

209

F√m hnizm-kn-Ifpw I¿Øm-hns‚ ipiq-j-bv°p-

th≠n ÿm\o-b-ambn th¿Xn-cn-°-s∏- -h-cm-Wv. hnip-

≤o-I-c-W-Øns‚ qX-Ime A\p- hw hni-Zo-I-cn-°p∂

Nne hmIy-ßƒ At∏m. ]hr. 20:32; 26:18; tdma. 15:16

sImcn-¥n-ep≈ ssZh-k- bv°p InkvXp-tb-ip-

hn¬ hn-ip-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏-´-hcpw Ahn-sSbpw

Chn-sSbpw Fhn-sSbpw \ΩpsS I¿Øm-hmb

tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ \masØ hnfn-®-t]-£n-

°p∂ Gh-tcm-Spw-IqsS hnfn-°-s∏´ hnip-≤-

∑mcp -am -b -h¿°p Xt∂, Fgp -Xp -∂Xv

(1 sImcn. 1:2).

\nßtfm Ah-\m¬ InkvXp-tb-ip-hn¬ Ccn-

°p∂p. Ah≥ \ap°p ssZh-Øn-¶¬ \n∂p

⁄m\hpw \oXnbpw ip≤o-I-c-Whpw hos≠-

Sp-∏p-am-bn-Øo¿∂p (1 sImcn. 1:30).

F¶nepw \nßƒ I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-kvXp-

hns‚ \ma-Ønepw \ΩpsS ssZ-h-Øns‚

Bflm-hnepw \nß-sf-Øs∂ IgpIn ip≤o-I-

c-Whpw \oXo-I-c-Whpw ]m]n-®n-cn-°p∂p

(1 sImcn. 6:11).


embn Ign® icoc bmK-Øm¬ hnip-≤o-I-cn-

°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p (F-_m. 10:10).

hnip-≤o-I-cn-°p-I, hnip-≤o-I-cWw F∂o ]tbm-K-

ßƒ°p ]pd-sa, F√m hnizm-kn-Ifpw hnip-≤∑m-cm-

sW∂pw Hm¿Ωn∏n-°p-∂p. Ah-cpsS ]Z-hnsb kw_-

‘n®v CXv kXy-am-Wv. ]mtbm-KnIhnip-≤n-bn¬ Nne

Ipd-hp-I-fp-s≠-¶nepw (D-Zm. sImcn¥y k` (tdm-a. 1:

7; 1 sImcn. 1:2; 2 sImcn. 1:1; Fs^. 1:1; ^nen. 1:1;

sImsem. 1:12˛13; 2 Xnsam. 1:9; F_m. 3:1; 1 ]sXm. 2:

5, 9)

hnip-≤-∑m¿°v shfn-®-Øn-ep≈ Ah-Im-i-Øn-

\mbn \sΩ ]m]vX-∑mcm-°p-Ibpw \sΩ Ccp-

ńs‚ A[n-Im-c-Øn¬ \n∂v hnSp-hn®v Xs‚

kvt\l-kz-cq -]-\mb ]pXs‚ cmPy-Øn-

em°nshbv°p-Ibpw sNbvX ]nXm-hn\v kt¥m-

j-tØmsS kvtXmXw sNøp∂hcm-IWw

F∂pw ]m¿∞n-°p-∂p (sIm-sem. 1:12˛13).

\nßfpw Poh-\p≈ I√p-Iƒ F∂-t]m-se,

Bfln-I-Kr-l-ambn tbip-In-kvXp apJm-¥ncw

ssZh-Øn\p ]km-Z-ap≈ Bfln-I-bmKw- I-gn-

∏m≥ X° hnip≤ ]ptcm-ln-X-h¿§-am-tI-≠-

Xn∂p ]Wn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. \nßtfm A‘-Im-c-

Øn¬\n∂p A¤pX ]Im-i-Øn -te°v

\nßsf hnfn-®-hs‚ kXvKp-W-ßsf tLmjn-

∏m -¥-°-hÆw Xnc -s™-Sp -°-s∏´ Hcp

PmXnbpw cmP-Iob ]ptcm-ln-X-h¿§hpw

hnip-≤-hw-ihpw kz¥-P-\hpw BIp∂p

(1 ]sXm. 2:5,10)

hnip-≤-∑m¿°v DNn-X-amb hnip≤n (F-s^. 5:3) F√m

hnizm-kn-Iƒ°pw D∂X \ne-hm-c-Øn¬ Ah-Im-i-s∏-

Sp-hm≥ Ign-I-bn√ F¶nepw F√m-hcpw hnip-≤o-I-cn-

°-s∏- -h-cm-Wv. ssZh-Øns‚ D]-tbm-K-Øn-\p-th≠n

th¿Xn-cn-°-s∏-´-h-cm-sW∂v hnip-≤o-I-cWw F∂

hm°ns‚ `qX-Imew Du∂¬ \evIp-∂p. ]m]-Øn¬

\n∂p≈ th¿]m-Sns\ kw_-‘n-®p≈ Nne ]tbm-K-

ßƒ hnizm-kn-I-fpsS \oXoI-c-W-Øns‚ `qX-Im-em-

hm-ÿsb ImWn-°p∂p. Hmtcm hnizm-knbpw ]m]-

Øns‚ in£-bn¬ \n∂v hnSp-X¬ ]m]n-®-h-cm-Wv.

Hmtcm bYm¿∞ hnizm-knbpw ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p≈

]mtbm-KnI th¿]mSv A\p--` -hn -°p-∂-h-cm-Wv.

GXm-bmepw hnip-≤o-I-c-WsØ kw_-‘n®v `qX-

Ime ]m[m-\yw, ssZh-Øns‚ ipiq-j-bv°p-th≠n

ÿm\ob th¿]m-Sn-te°v \bn-°-s∏´p F∂v Dd-∏m-

°p-∂p. F√m hnizm-knbpw km∑m¿§nI \ne-hmcw

]cn-K-Wn-°-s∏-SmsX ÿm\ob hnip-≤o-I-c-W-Øns‚

Ah-Im-in-I-fm-bn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p. CXv c£n-°-s∏´

ka-bØv c£-bpsS Hcp ê-ambn kw -hn®p F∂v

a\- n-em-°mw.

5. hnip-≤o-I-c-WsØ kw_-‘n® h¿Ø-am-\-Ime

hiw

c£sb kw_-‘n®v Hcp h¿Ø-am-\-Ime D]-tZiw

Df-f-Xp-t]m-se-Xs∂ hnip-≤o-I-cWw kw_-‘n®pw

Hcp h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-hiw D≠v. F∂m¬ hnizm-kn-Iƒ

h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-Øn¬ Iam-\p-K-X-ambn hnip-≤o-I-cn-

°-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. InkvXym-\n-Iƒ km∑m¿

§nI/ kZm-NmctaJ-e-I-fn¬ hf¿® ]m]n-°p-Ibpw

]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ th¿]mSv ]mtbm-Kn-I-am-°p-Ibpw

ssZh-Øns‚ ipiq-j-bn¬ AKm-[-amb ka¿∏Ww

D≠m-tI-≠-h-cp-amWv. ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ CXns‚

hf¿®sb/ ]ptcm-K-Xnsb kqNn-∏n-°p∂ ]e hmIy-

ßfpw ImWmw. ]pXnb a\p-jys\ [cn -°pI

sImsem. 3; Fs^. 4, Bflm-hns‚ êw- Kem. 5.

Ir]-bnepw ]cn-⁄m-\-Ønepw hf-cpI˛2 ]sXm. 3;

PohnX Hm´w ÿnc-X-tbmsS HmSpI˛^nen. 3; InkvXp-

hn-t\mSv A\p-cq-]-cm-Ip-I˛2 sImcn. 3; a\- ns‚

cq]m¥cw tdma. 12.

hn-ip-≤o-I-c-W-Øns‚ h¿Ø-am-\-Ime kµ¿`w ]m]-

Øn¬ \n∂p≈ th¿]m-Sn -\pw, I¿Øm-hns‚


210

ipiqjbv°p-th≠nbp≈ th¿]m-Sn\pw72 ]m[m\yw

\evIp∂p. Hmtcm InkvXym-\nbpw h¿Ø-am\Ime

hnip-≤o-I-c-WsØ t]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-Itbm XS- -s∏-

Sp-Øp-Itbm sNøp-∂-h-cm-Wv.

""kXy-Øm¬ Ahsc hnip-≤o-I-cn-t°-Wta;

\ns‚ hN\w kXyw BIp∂p'' (tbm-l. 17:17).

\nß-fpsS PU-Øns‚ _e-lo-\X \nanØw

Rm≥ am\p-j-co-Xn-bn¬ ]d-bp-∂p. \nß-fpsS

Ah-b-h-ßsf A[¿Ω-Øn-\mbn Aip-≤n°pw

A[¿Ω-Øn\pw ASn-a-I-fm°n ka¿∏n-®-Xp-

t]mse Ct∏mƒ \nß-fpsS Ah-b-h-ßsf

hnip-≤o-I-c-W-Øn∂mbn \oXn°p ASn-a-I-

fm°n ka¿∏n-∏n≥ (tdm-a. 6:19).

]nb-ap-≈-h-tc, Cu hmKvZ-Ø-ßƒ \ap-°p-≈-

Xp-sIm≠v \mw PU-Øn-sebpw Bflm-hn-

sebpw kIe I∑jhpw \o°n \sΩ-Øt∂

shSn-∏m°n ssZh- -b-Øn¬ hnip-≤nsb Xn-

I-®p-sImƒI (2 sImcn. 7:1).

Ah≥ Ahsf hN-\-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb Pe-kv\m-

\-Øm¬ shSn-∏m°n hnip-≤o-I-cn-t°-≠-

Xn\pw Id, Npfp-°w, apX-em-bXp H∂pw

C√msX k`sb ip≤bpw \njvI-f-¶-bp-ambn

X\n-°p-Xt∂ tXP-t msS ap∂n-dp-tØ-≠-

Xn\pw Xs∂-Øm≥ Ahƒ°p-th≠n Gev∏n-

®p-sIm-SpØp (F-s^. 5:26- 27).73

ssZh-Øns‚ CjvStam \nß-fpsS ip≤o-I-

cWw Xs∂... ssZhw \sΩ Aip-≤n-°-√,

hnip -≤o -I-c -W-Øn-∂sX hnfn -®Xv

(1 sX . 4:3, 7).

Chsb hn -I∂p Xs∂-Øm≥ shSn-∏m-°p-∂-

h≥ hnip-≤hpw DS-a-ÿ\v D]-tbm-K-hp-ambn

\√ thsebv°p Hs°bpw Hcp-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂

am\-]mXw Bbn-cn°pw (2 Xnsam. 2:21).

]≠p \nß-fpsS A⁄m-\-Im-eØp D≠m-bn-

cp∂ taml-ßsf amXr-I-bm-°msX \nßsf

hnfn® hnip-≤∂p HØ-hÆw A\p-k-c-ap≈

a°-fmbn F√m \S-∏nepw hnip-≤-cm-Ip-hn≥.

""Rm≥ hnip-≤≥ BI-bm¬ \nßfpw hnip-≤-

cm-bn-cn-∏n≥'' F∂p Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂-ht√m

(1 ]sXm. 1:14˛16).

F√m-h-tcmSpw kam-[m\w BN-cn®v ip≤o-I-

cWw ]m]n-∏m≥ D’m-ln-∏n≥ (F-_m. 12:14).

6. hnip-≤o-I-c-WsØ kw_-‘n® `mhn-Ime hiw

hnip≤oI-cWsØ kw_-‘n®v Hcp `mhn-Ime D]-

tZiw D≠v. `mhn-Im-e-Øv, hnizm-kn-Iƒ ]q¿Æ-ambn

]m]-Øn¬ \n∂v th¿s]-Sp-Ibpw ssZh-Øns‚ ipiq-

jbv°p-th≠n ka¿∏n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw. \mw ssZ-

hsØ ImWp-tºmƒ (`m-hn-bn¬) ]q¿Æ-ambn ssZh-

Øn-\p-th≠n th¿Xn-cn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw \mw ]m]-an-√m-

Ø-h-cmbn ssZh-tØmSp kZr-i-∑m¿ BIp-Ibpw

sNøpw (1 tbml. 3:2).

\Ωp-sS I¿Øm-hmb tbip Xs‚ kIe hnip-

≤-∑m-cp-ambn hcp∂ ]Xy-£-X-bn¬ \ΩpsS

ssZh-hpw -]n-Xm-hp-am-b-hs‚ apºmsI hnip-≤o-

I-c-W-Øn¬ A\n-µy-cmbn shfn-s∏-Sp-hÆw

\nß-fpsS lrZ-b-ßsf ÿnc-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw

sNøp-am-dm-Is´ (1 sX . 3:13).

kam-[m-\-Øns‚ ssZhw Xs∂ \nßsf apgp-

h\pw ip≤o-I-cn-°p-am-dm-Is´: \nß-fpsS



]Xy-£-X-bn¬ A\n-µy-ambn shfn-s∏-Spw-hÆw

Im°-s∏-Sp-am-dm-Is´ (1 sX . 5:23).

7. hnip-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-h≥

ss__n-fn¬ Nne `mKØv ]nXm-hns\ hnip-≤o-I-cn-

°p∂bmfmbn ImWn-°p∂p. tbml. 17:17; 1 sX . 5:

23; bqZm 24, 25. a‰p `mK-ß-fn¬ ]pX≥ hnip-≤o-I-cn-

°p∂p 1 sImcn. 1:2; Fs^. 5:26˛27; F_m. 2:11. a‰p

Nne `mj-I-fn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv hnip-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-

Xmbn ImWn-°p-∂p. tdma. 15:16; 2 sX . 2:13; 1 ]sXm.

1:2 (A-h-km-\sØ 2 mK-ßfpw, kphn-ti-j-tØm-Sp≈

_‘-Øn¬ Ipcp-Sm-°-s∏´ IÆp-Iƒ Xpd-t°-≠-Xn-

\mbn ]cn -ip -≤m -flmhv th¿Xn -cn -°p -∂Xns\

kqNn∏n°p∂p).

8. hnip-≤o-I-c-W-Øn-\p≈ am¿§-ßƒ

ssZh-h-N-\-Ønse D]-tZ-i-hn-j-b-ßƒ hnI-ehpw

A¿∞iq\yhpw BIm-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ \mw hfsc i≤n-

t°-≠-XmWv. hnip -≤o -I-cWw F∂ hm°n¬

hnizmkn Fßs\ hnip-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂p F∂-

Xns‚ hni-Zo-I-cWw Bh-iy-am-Wv. `qX-Ime A¿∞-

Øn¬ Cu temI-Øn¬ \n∂v ssZh-Øn\p th≠n


72Fs^. 4:12 Dw 5:3 Dw ImWp-I. hnip-≤-∑m¿ IqSp-X-embnhnip-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏-tS-≠-h-cm-Wv. 1 sX . 3:13 Dw 5:23 Dwhnip-≤n-bpsS D∂X A\p- h(`m-hn-bn¬) hpw ]q¿Æ hnip-≤o-I-c-Whpw ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p. Cu ]Inb h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-Ønepw XpS-cp-∂p.73 Fs^. 5:26˛27 hsc ÿm\ob hnip-≤o-I-cW-ambpw a\- n-em-°mw. hnip-≤o-I-c-W-Øns‚ F√m hihpw Dƒs∏-´n-cn-°mw.

211

th¿Xn-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv tbip-InkvXp Iqin¬ sNm-

cn™ c‡w apJm-¥n-c-amWv (F-_m. 9:13˛14; 10:10,14).

InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ Gh\pw Inkv-Xp-hns‚

ico-c-Ømepw c‡-Ømepw hnip-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.

h¿Ø-am-\-Ime ]cm-a¿i-Øn¬ hnip-≤o-IcWØn-

\p≈ am¿§w ssZh-h-N-\amWv. CXv tbml. 17:17 epw

At∏m. ]hr. 20:32 epw hy‡-am-°n-bn-cn-°p∂p.

""kXy-Øm¬ Ahsc hnip-≤o-I-cn-t°-Wta;

\ns‚ hN\w kXy-at√m'' (tbm-l. 17:17).

\nßƒ°p BflnI h¿≤\ hcp-Øp-hm\pw

kIe hnip≤∑m-tcm-Spw-IqsS Ah-Imiw Xcp-

hm\pw Ign-bp∂ ssZh-Ønepw Ahs‚ Ir]-

bpsS hN\Ønepw Rm≥ Ct∏mƒ \nßsf

`c-ta-ev∏n-°p∂p (A-t∏m. ]hr. 20: 32).

Kem. 5:1 ˛¬, ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv hnizm-kn-bpsS Pohn-X-

Øn¬ hnip-≤n Df-hm-°p∂p F∂v hy‡-am-°p-∂p.

F¥m-bmepw c≠p hn[-Øn-ep≈ hnip-≤o-I-cWw

C√. H∂v ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-\mepw as‰m∂v ssZh-h-N-

\-Øm-epw. ssZh-h-N\w Bflm-hns‚ hmfmWv

(Fs^. 6:17). AXp-sIm≠v hN-\w-tI v AXp sNøp∂

hnizm-kn-bpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv ssZh-

h-N\w D]-tbm-Kn®v hnip-≤o-I-cWw Df-hm-°p∂p

(bmt°m. 1:22). ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ]hrØn Fgp-X-

s∏´ ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬ \n∂v am‰n \n¿Øm-hp-∂-X-√.

h¿Ø-am-\-Ime hnip-≤o-I-c-W-Øns‚ am[yaw ssZh-

Øns‚ hN-\-am-Wv.

VII. \nXy-amb `ZX

c£m-X-Xz-imkvX D]-tZ-i-ß-sf√mw Xs∂ hnizm-kn-

bpsS c£ \nXy-ambn Zam-sW∂v Dd-∏n-°p-∂p. AXp-

sIm≠v IqSp-X¬ ASn-ÿmt\m]-tZ-i-ßƒ ]Tn-°p-

tºmƒ \nXy-amb ZX bp‡nklamsW∂v t_m≤y-

s∏-Sp-∂p. \nXy-`ZX \ntj-[n-°p-tºm-gp-≠m-Ip∂

s]mcp-Ø-t°-Sp-Iƒ a\- n-em-°n-bm¬ Xs∂ At\I

sXfn-hp-Iƒ \nc-Øp-hm≥ Ignbpw. Aß-s\-bp≈

H≥]Xv ]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ Xmsg sImSp-°p-∂p.

A. \nXyamb `ZXbv°p≈ sXfn-hp-Iƒ

1. \ntj-[m¿∞ cq]-Øn¬

a. Hcp hnizm-kn-bpsS c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp-sa-¶n¬

InkvXp-hn\v Xs‚ \oXn \jvS-s∏-SWw.

hnizm-k-Øm-ep≈ \oXo-I-cWw icn-bmbn a\- n-em-

°n-bm¬ hnizm-kn-bpsS \nXy-amb `ZXsb ]n¥m-

ßp∂p. InkvXp Iqin¬ acn-®-t∏mƒ \ΩpsS ]m]w

Ahs‚ t]cn¬ IW-°n- p. Hcp hy‡n InkvXp-hn¬

hniz-kn-°p-tºmƒ InkvXp-hns‚ \oXn hnizm-kn-bpsS

t]cn¬ IW-°n-Sp-∂p. ssZhw Ahs‚ ÿm\w

""InkvXp-hn¬'' Bbn ImWp-Ibpw InkvXp-hns‚

\oXn-bm¬ Ah≥ aqS-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Cu \ne-

bn¬ hnizmkn \nb-a-]-c-ambn \oXn-am-\m-sW∂v hn[n-

°-s∏-Sp-∂p. hnizm-kn-bpsS AwKo-Im-c-Øn\pw ssZh-

tØm-Sp-IqsS \nev°p-∂-Xn\pw ASnÿm\w InkvXp-

hns‚ \oXn amX-amWv (am-\p-jnI \oXntbm tbmKy-

Xtbm A√). kzb \oXn Hcn-°epw a\p-jys\ c£-

bn-te°v \bn-°p-I-tbm, c£-bn¬ XpS-cp-hmt\m Imc-

W-am-Ip-∂n-√. InkvXp-hns‚ \oXn-bmWv c£ \evIp-

∂-Xv. hnizmknbpsS `ZXbpsS icn-bmb hnjbw

\ne-\n-ev°p∂ am\p-jnI \oXn-b√, ]ns∂tbm,

InkvXp-hns‚ \oXn-bpsS \nXy-amb kz`m-h-am-Wv.

InkvXp-hn\v Xs‚ \oXn \jvS-s∏-Sm-Øn-S-tØmfw

Imew (H-cn-°epw \jvS-s∏-Sm≥ Ign-I-bn-√) Hcp hnizm-

kn-bpsS \oXnbpw ssZh-ap-ºm-sI-bp≈ Ahs‚ \oXn-

]-c-amb \ne-\nev∏pw \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂n-√. Ahs‚ \oXn

\nXy-am-Wv. \ΩpsS am\p-jnI kzb-\oXn Id]p-c≠

XpWn-t]m-se-bm-Wv. Zm\ambn e`n-°p∂ c£-bn¬

Hcp ]¶pw hln-°p-∂n√ (sb-i. 64:6). hniz-kn-°p∂

Hcp hy‡nsb \oXn-I-cn-°p-∂Xv InkvXp-hns‚ \oXn

amX-am-Wv (tdm-a. 4:5). \ΩpsS \oXn-I-cWw kw_-

‘n®v ssZhw \ΩpsS \oXn-tbm, AXn-ep≈ Ipdthm

]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂n-√. ]ns∂-tbm, ssZhw InkvXp-hns‚

hnip-≤-amb kºq¿Æ-\oXn hnizm-kn-bpsS ta¬ I-

W-°n´p (tdm-a. 5:17˛19; 1 sImcn. 1:30; 2 sImcn. 5:21;

Fs^. 1:6˛7; sImsem. 2:10). Hcp hnizm-kn-bpsS c£

\jvS -s∏-Sp --Ibpw Ah≥ \oXn -I -cn -°-s∏-´ -h -

\√mXmbnØocp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, AXv

InkvXp-hn\v Xs‚ \oXn \jvS-s∏´p F∂p hniz-kn-

°p-∂-Xn\v Xpey-am-Wv. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬, Hcp

hy‡n \oXn-I-cn-°-s∏-´-h-\-√-Xm-bnØo-c-W-sa-¶n¬

InkvXp-hns‚ \oXn BZyta \jvS-s∏-S-Ww. InkvXp-

hn\v Xs‚ \oXn \jvS-s∏-Sm-Øn-S-tØmfw hnizm-

kn°pw Xs‚ \oXo-I-cWw \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂n-√. Cß-s\-

bp≈ Bi-b-ßƒ \n¿t±-in-°p-∂-Xp-t]mepw hnUvVn-

Ø-am-Wv. InkvXp-hns‚ acWw \ap°v c£ \evIp-

∂p. F∂m¬ Xs‚ PohnXw \ΩpsS c£m-]-≤-Xn-

bn¬ hen-sbmcp ]¶p hln-°p-∂p. tdma. 5: 10˛¬ ]d-

bp-∂Xv Xs‚ acWw Hcp hy‡nsb c£n-°p-∂-Xp-

t]mse Ahs‚ Poh\pw c£n°p∂p. \mw iXp-°-

fm-bn-cp-∂-t∏mƒ Xs∂ InkvXp-hn-ep≈ \ΩpsS

hnizmkw \sΩ ssZh-tØmSp \nc-∏n®p F¶n¬

InkvXp-hns‚ hnip-≤n-bp≈ ]q¿Æ-X-bp-ff ]m]-an-

√mØ Pohn-X-Øns‚ \oXn IW-°n-S-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂

Hcp hnizm-kn-bpsS ]Zhn FX kpc-£n-X-am-bncn°pw.

]utemkv Bfl-hn-izm-k-tØmsS ]kvXm-hn-°p∂p


212

Ahs‚ Poh-\m¬ \mw FX A[n-I-ambn c£n-°-

s∏-Spw? InkvXp-hns‚ hnip-≤-amb, kºq¿Æ-amb,

]m]an√mØ \oXn-bp≈ Pohs‚ tbmKyX hniz-kn-

°p-∂-h-\n¬ IW-°n-Sp-∂p. Ah-s‚- \o-Xn-bp≈ Poh\v

Hcn-°epw \oXn \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂n√. Aß-s\, hnizm-kn-

I-tfm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ `mhn-bn-ep≈ A\-¥-c- ew

F∂Xv ""\mw c£n-°-s∏Spw'' F∂m-Wv. c£-bpsS

`mhn-sb-°p-dn®v Hcp hnizm-knbpw hymIp-e-s∏-tS-≠-

Xn√. AXv Xo¿®-bmbpw kpc-£n-X-amWv.

iXp-°-fm-bn -cn -°p-tºmƒØs∂ \ap°v

Ahs‚ ]pXs‚ ac-W-Øm¬ ssZh-tØm-Sp-

\n-c∏p h∂psh¶n¬ \nc-∂-tijw \mw Ah

s‚ Poh-\m¬ FX A[n-I-ambn c£n-°-

s∏Spw (tdm-a. 5:10).

]m]w Adn-bm-Ø-hs\ \mw Ah-\n¬ ssZh-

Øns‚ \oXn BtI-≠-Xn∂p, Ah≥ \ap-°p-

th≠n ]m]w B°n (2 sImcn. 5:21).

b. Hcp-InkvXym\n-bpsS c£ \jvS-s∏-Sm-sa-¶n¬,

ssZhw k¿∆-i-‡-\√, ap≥\n-ba\w kw_-‘n®v

ss__nƒ sX‰mWv.

Xnc-s™-Sp∏v F∂p-≈Xv hyh-ÿ-Iƒ°v hnt[-b-s∏-

-sX-t∂m, (hn-iz-kn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-sa∂ ssZh-Øns‚

ap∂-dn-hns\ ASn-ÿm-\-s∏-SpØn) As√t∂m Hcp

hy‡n a\- n-em-°n-bmepw, Hcp hy‡n-bpsS ho≠pw

P\\Øn\v hfsc apºpXs∂ \nXy-X-bnep≈ mhn

al-Xz-Øn\p ssZh-Øns‚ ap≥\n-b-a-\ ]≤Xn Hcp-

°n-bn-cn-°p∂psh∂p \mw AwKo-I-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

Ah≥ ap∂-dn-™-hsc Xs‚ ]pX≥ At\Iw

ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cn¬ BZy-Pm-X≥ BtI-≠-Xn\p

Ahs‚ kzcq-]-tØmSp A\p-cq-]-cm-Ip-hm≥

ap≥\nb-an-®n-cn-°p-∂p. ap≥\nb-an-®-hsc

hnfn®pw hnfn-®-hsc \oXn-I-cn®pw \oXo-

I -cn -® -hsc tXP-kv°-cn -®p -an -cn -°p∂p

(tdm-a. 8:29˛30).

\oXo-I-cn-°-s∏- -h-sc√mw (F√m hnizm-kn-I-fpw) tXP-

kv°-c-WsØ kw_-‘n®v Dd-∏p≈hcmWv. Imc-Ww,

tXP-kv°-cWw qX-Im-e-Øn¬ ]cm-a¿in-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

hnizmkn (\o-Xn-I-cn-°-s∏- -h-s‚) ssZhn-I-hn-[n-bpsS

ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ tXP- n-\mbn ap≥\n-b-an-°-s∏- -h-

\m-Wv. ap≥\nb-a\-Øns‚ e£yw ssZh-]p-Xs‚

kzcq-]-tØmSv A\p-cq-]-s∏-Sp-hm-\m-Wv. CXv kz¿§m-

tcm-lW ka-b-ØmWv \S-°p-∂-Xv. ap≥\n-b-an-°-s∏-

-h-sc√mw (F√m hnizm-kn-I-fpw) Cu hnjbw a\-

n-em-°n-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. ""Ah≥ ]Xy-£-\m-Ip-

tºmƒ \mw Ah-t\mSv kZr-i∑m¿ BIpw'' (1 tbml.

3:2). IqSm-sX, Fs^. 1:6˛¬, ""\sΩ ZsØ-Sp-t°-≠-

Xn\v ap≥\n-b-an®p'' F∂ ]tbm-Khpw `mhn al-Xz-

Øn-\mbn ap≥\n-ba\w F∂ Bi-bsØ ]n¥m-

ßp∂p.

tbip-InkvXp apJm-¥ncw \sΩ ZsØ-Sp-t°-

≠-Xn-\p.... \sΩ ap≥\n-b-an-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-

ht√m (F-s^. 1:6).

ChnsS ""\sΩ'' F∂ ]Zw ""Ah-\n¬''/ ""InkvXp-

hn¬'' F∂p≈ kµ¿`-amWv Hm¿∏n-°p-∂-Xv. 13-˛mw

hmIy -Øn¬ ]utem-kns‚ ]cm -a¿iw F√m

hnizm-kn-I-sfbpw kw_-‘n-®p≈XmWv. hnizm-kn-

Iƒ, ZsØ-Sp-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xn\v (a-°ƒ F∂ \ne-

bn¬) ap≥\n-b-an-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. ZsØ-Sp∏v/

]pXXzw F∂ ]Z-Øn\v F¥mWv ]utemkv \n¿h-

N\w Xcp-∂Xv? tdma. 8:23˛¬ AXns‚ DØcw

ImWp∂p.

Bflm-sh∂ BZy-Zm\w e`n-®n-cn-°p∂ \mapw

\ΩpsS ico-c-Øns‚ hos≠-Sp-∏mb ]pX-Xz-

Øn∂p ImØp-sIm≠v D≈n¬ Rc-ßp∂p

(tdm-a. 8:23).

ChnsS ]pXXzw F∂Xv ]m]-Øns‚ km∂n-≤y-

Øn¬ \n∂pw i‡n-bn¬ \n∂pw D≈ ico-c-Øns‚

]q¿Æ-amb hos≠-Sp-∏m-Wv. 74 ZsØ-Sp-°-s∏-Sp∂

a°ƒ°v `mhn-bn¬ e`n-°p∂ ]Zhn-t]mse ssZh-

Øns‚ a°ƒ tbip-In-kvXp-hn-s\-t∏mse ]q¿Æ

hf¿®-bn-se-Øp-Ibpw Ah-Im-i-ßƒ ]m]n-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. Ah-Im-i-ßƒ ]m]n-°p-Ibpw ]m]-

Øns‚ im]-Øn¬ \n∂v hos≠-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂

Bibw tdma. 8˛¬ ImWp-∂p. tdma. 8:23 ˛ se `mhn

ZsØ-Sp∏v tdma. 8:29˛¬ ImWp∂Xpt]mse Ahs‚

kzcq-]-tØmSp A\p-cq-]-cm-bn-Øo-cp∂p ]q¿Æ-h-f¿®-

bn-se-Ønb a°-tfmSv XpeyXs∏Sp-Øm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

AXp-sIm≠v hnizm-kn-Iƒ F√mw a°ƒ F∂ \ne-

bn-ep≈ ]q¿Æ-amb ZsØ-Sp-∏n\p th≠n ap≥ \nb-

an-°-s∏- -h-cm-Wv.


74 "]pXXzw' F∂Xv Ko°v ]Z-Øns‚ X¿÷abmWv.CXn\v "ZsØ-Sp∏v' F∂ hm°n-\p≈ (Hcp IpSpw-_-Øn-te°p ]th-in-°p-I) Bi-b-sØ-°mƒ hfsc ]m[m\ywD≠v. ]utem -kns‚ ]q¿Æ-amb \n¿h-N-\ -Øn¬]q¿Æhf¿®-bn-se-Ønb ]pX-Xz-Øns‚ Ah-ÿsbImWn-°p-∂p. Hcp hy‡n Hcp IpSpw-_-Øn¬ ]q¿Æhf¿®-bn-se-Øn, ]mb-]q¿Øn-bm-ImØ Ip´n-°n-√mØAh-Im-i-ßfpw ]Z-hn-Ifpw Ic-ÿ-am-°p-∂p. hnizm-kn-IƒssZh-Ip-Spw-_-Øn¬ ]th-in-°p-hm≥ amX-a-√, InkvXp-hn-s\-t∏mse ]m]-c-ln-X\pw ]q¿Æ-X-bp-ap≈-h≥ (hf¿®-sb-Ønb aI≥) BtI-≠-Xn-\mWv ap∂n-b-an-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

213

Cu \ne-bn-ep≈ Ah-Im-i-ßƒ e`n-°p-tºmƒ Ah¿

tbip-In-kvXp-hn-s\-t∏mse Bbn-Øo-cp-Ibpw

imcocn-I-ambn ]m]-Øns‚ F√m kzm[o-\-X-bn¬

\n∂pw hos≠-Sp-°-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv. a°-fmbn ZsØ-Sp-

°-s∏-tS-≠-Xn\v ap≥\n-b-an-°-s∏´p F∂p ]d-™m¬

hnizm -kn -Iƒ I¿Øm-hmb tbipIn -kvXp -

hns\t∏mse al-Xz-Øn¬ ]m]-an-√mØ ]q¿Æ-X-

bpsS A\p-`-h-Øn-\mbn ap≥\n-b-an-°-s∏´p F∂m-

W¿∞w. \nXy-amb ZXbv°v CXnepw henb sXfnhv

e`n-°-bn-√.

Fs^. 1˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ a°-fpsS ZsØ-Sp∏v Hcp

`mhnIme]cm-a¿i-ambpw Dt±-in-°p-∂p. tdma. 8˛mw

A≤ym-b-Øn-te-Xp-t]mse Fs^. 1˛mw A≤ym-b-

Øn¬ `mhn-I-ao-I-c-WsØ°pdn®v hy‡-am-°n-bn-

´p≠v. AXp-sIm≠v tdma. 8˛mw A≤ym-b-hp-ambn hfsc

Xmc-Xayw D≠v. Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ Hcm-fm-b-Xn-\m¬ c≠p

`mKØpw ""a°-fpsS ZsØ-Sp∏pw'' ap≥\n-ba\hpw

hnj-bo- -hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu c≠v A≤ym-b-ß-fnepw

Hcp hnizm-kn°v ]q¿Æ-h-f¿®-bn-se-Ønb ]pX-Xz-

Øn-\mbn ap≥\n-b-an-°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p F∂v kq£va-

ambn ]cn-tim-[n-t°-≠-XmWv (tdm-a. 8, Fs^. 1).

Hcp hnizm-kn-bpsS \nXy-amb `ZXsb \ntj-[n-°p-

∂-h¿, Hcp hnizmkn al-Xz-Øn-\mbn ap≥\n-b-an-°-

s∏- n-cn-°p∂p F∂ hkvXp-X-tbmSp hntbm-Pn-t°-≠n-

h-cpw. hnizm-kn-Iƒ "a°-fmbn ZsØ-Sp-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xn\v

ap≥\n-b-an-°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p' F∂-Xns\ \ntj-[n-°p-

∂-h-cm-I-Ww. F∂m¬ \oXn-I-cn-°-s∏- -h¿ tXP-kv°-

cn-°-s∏´ A-h-ÿ-bn-em-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂ ssZhnI

hn[nbpw. InkvXp-hn-em-bn-cn-°p-∂-h¿°v a°-sf-∂p≈

ZsØ-Sp-∏ns‚ (A-Xm-b-Xv, Ah-Im-iw, ico-c-Øns‚

hos≠-Sp-∏v, InkvXp-hns‚ kzcq-]-Øn-ep≈ ]q¿Æ

]pXXzw) hmKvZ-Øhpw \evIn-bn-cn-°-bm¬ kpc-£n-

X-XzsØ \ntj-[n-°p-∂-h¿ ssZhw hmKvZØw

sNbvXXv \nhr-Øn-°p-∂-h-\m-sW-∂p≈ kXy-

sØbpw Adn-bmsX \ntj-[n-°p-∂p. Hcp hnizm-kn°v

alXzw/ ]q¿Æ-amb ]pXXzw e`n-°msX h∂m¬

ssZhw Xm≥ Xs∂ ]c-kv]c hncp-≤-amb Imcy-ßƒ

]d-bp∂p F∂pw Xs‚ IS-∏m-Sp-Iƒ \n¿h-ln-°p-hm≥

Ign-hn-√m-Ø-h≥ F∂pw Nn¥n-t°-≠n-h-cpw. H∂p-In¬

ssZh-Øn\v ap≥\n-b-a\w kw_-‘n® D]-tZ-i-Øn¬

sX‰n-t∏bn Ft∂m, ZsØ-Sp∏v ]q¿Æ-ambn \nd-th-‰p-

hm≥ Ign-hn-√m-Ø-h-s\t∂m ]d-b-Ww. Hcp hnizm-kn-

bpsS c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp-sa-¶n¬ ssZhw k¿∆-i-‡-\√,

ssZh-h-N-\-Ønse ap≥\n-b-a\ D]-tZ-iw sX‰p-≈-Xp-

am-Wv.

c. Hcp InkvXym\nbpsS sX‰mb ]hr-Øn-bn-eq-

sStbm ]hr-Øn-bpsS A`mhw aqetam c£ \jvS-

s∏-Sp-sa-¶n¬ c£ ]hr-Øn-bn¬ ASn-ÿm-\-s∏-

´n-cn-°p∂p.

c£ ]hr-Øn-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-e√ \evI-s∏- n-

cn-°p-∂Xv F∂ Bi-b-sØ-°mƒ Nne kXy-ßƒ

hy‡-am-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. c£ `Z-am-sW∂Xns\

\ntj-[n-°p-∂-h¿ Ah-km\ambn c£ ]hr-Øn-bn-

e-[n-jvTn-X-am-sW∂v AwKo-I-cn-t°-≠n-h-cpw. `ZX

bn√m-bvasb ]n¥m-ßp∂ ]ecpw CXv hf-s®m-Sn-°-

s∏´ Ak-Xy-ß-fm-sW∂pw sX‰mbn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂

hmZ-K-Xn-I-fm-sW∂pw A`n-]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. Ah¿, c£

]hr-Øn-bn-em-sW-∂p≈ hnjbw \ntj-[n-°p-∂-h-cm-

bn-cn-°pw. c£ hnizm-k-Øm¬ e`n-°p∂ BZyZm\-

am-sW∂v ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-h-cm-bn-cn-°mw. F∂m¬ XpS¿∂v

c£ \ne-\n¿Øn-s°m≠pt]mIp-hm≥ \oXn-bpsS

Nne \ne-hmcw ImØp kq£n-°-W-sa∂pw ]Tn-∏n-

°p-∂p. F¥m-bmepw CXv Hcp ]h¿Ø-\-]-≤-Xn-

bmWv.

Bcw- -Øn¬ ssZhw \ap°v c£ Zm\-ambnØ∂n v

AXv \ne-\n¿-Øn-s°m-≠p-t]m-Ip-hm≥ Nne ]hr-Øn-

Iƒ \Ωn¬ \n∂v Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, c£

F∂Xv Hcp Zm\ta A√, ]ns∂tbm ]hrØn Bh-

iy-am-bn-cn-°p∂ H∂m-Wv. Hcp Im¿ hym]mcn Hcp- Im¿

kuP-\y-ambn \evIn-bn- v, Bflm¿∞-ambn tPmen

sNbvXv Imdns‚ hne Xncn-®-S®v \ne-\n¿Øp-hm≥

Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v Xpey-amWv Cu ]≤-Xn. Cu

_‘w F∂Xv Hcp kuP-\y -Zm -\ -a -√. CXv

]hrØnbn¬ A[n-jvTn-X-amb Hcp Icm¿ BWv.

Hcp InkvXym\n \oXn-]-hr-Øn-bneqsS-bmWv c£

\ne-\n¿Ønt∏mIp-∂-sX-¶n¬, Bcw- -Øn¬ kuP-\y-

am-bmWv CXv e`n-®-sX-¶n-epw, AXv ]q¿Æ-ambn \ne-

\n-ev°p-∂Xv ]hr-Øn-bm-em-Wv. c£ F∂Xv Hcp

Zm\-amWv. I¿Øm-hmb tbipIn-kvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-

k-Øm¬ Ir]-bm¬ kuP-\y-ambn \evI-s∏- -Xm-Wv.

c£ Ah-Im-i-ambn \evI-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xnt\m AXv

\ne-\n¿Øp-∂-Xnt\m ]hr-Øn-bpsS Hcp ]¶pw Bh-

iy-an√ Xs∂.


\oXn-I-cn-°p-∂-h-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-ht∂m


(tdm-a. 4:5).

Ir]-bm-et√m \nßƒ hnizm-kw-aqew c£n-°-

s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv; AXn\pw \nßƒ Imc-W-a√;

ssZh-Øns‚ Zm\-asXbmIp-∂p. Bcpw ]iw-

kn-°m-Xn-cn-∏m≥ ]hr-Øn-Ifpw Imc-W-a√.

(F-s^. 2:8,9).


214

Ah≥ \sΩ \mw sNbvX \oXn-]-hr-Øn-I-fm-

e-√, Xs‚ IcpW ]Im-c-asX c£n-®Xv

(Xo-tØm. 3:5).

d. Hcp InkvXym-\n-bpsS c£ ]m]w apJm-¥ncw

\jvS -s∏-Sp -Ibpw \c-I-Øn¬ t]mIp -Ibpw

sNbvXm¬ tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ ]m]]cnlmcw

F√m ]m]ßtfmSpw ]q¿Æambn CSs]´n´n√.

\nXy-amb kpc-£n-X-XzsØ \ntj-[n-°p∂ Hcp

hy‡n, Xs‚ ÿm\w Iqinse Nne XI-cm-dpIƒ

A¿∞am°p∂psh∂v a\- n-em-°p-∂n-√. Fß-s\-

bmsW-¶nepw Bflm-hns‚ c£ ]m]-Øm¬ \jvS-

s∏´v \nXyX \c-I-Øn¬ sNeh-gn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬

Ahs‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬ hne-sIm-SpØp Xo¿°p-hm≥

IgnbmØ Nne ]m]-ßfp≠v. \c-I-Øn¬ thZ-\-b-

\p- -hn-°p∂ ssZh-ss]-X-em-bn-cp∂ hy‡n-bpsS Pohn-

X-Øn¬ ]cn-l-cn-°-s∏-SmØ ]m]-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

Hcp InkvXym-\n-bpsS c£ ]m]-Øm¬ \jvS-s∏ v

\c-I-Øn¬ in£ A\p- -hn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ InkvXp-

hns‚ Iqinse c£m-]-hrØn c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp-hm≥

Imc-W-amb ]m]-Øns‚ ]cn-lm-c-Øn\v aXn-bm-bn-cp-

∂n-√. hnizm-kn-I-fpsS F√m ]m]-ßƒ°pw InkvXp

]cn-lmcw Hcp-°n-bn- n-√. Hcp hnizmkn Kp]vX-ambn

sNøm-hp-∂ ]m]w D≠v. AXns‚ in£ Ah≥ A\p-

-hn-t°-≠-Xp-am-Wv.

Im¬hdn Iqin¬ Hcp-°nb c£m-]-≤Xn ]m]]iv\-

Øn\v ]q¿Æ-amb ]cn-lmc-a-s√-∂pw, hnizm-kn-bpsS

Nne ]m]-ßƒ°v Xm≥Xs∂ adp-hne sImSp-t°-W-

sa-∂-Xpw, InkvXp-hns‚ Iqinse ]hr-Øn-Isf \nµn-

°p∂ Bi-b-am-Wv. Nne Kp]vX-amb ]m]-ßƒ°v

hos≠-Sp∏p hne sImSp-Øn- n√ F∂¿∞w. F∂m¬

hN\w ]d-bp-∂-Xv, ]m]-Øns‚ ASn-a-\p-I-Øn¬ AI-

s∏´p t]mb a\p-jy\v ]q¿Æ-amb hnSp-X¬ \¬Ip∂

hos≠-Sp-∏mWv InkvXp \n¿h-ln-®-Xv (K-em. 3: 13 qX-

Imew; XosØm. 2:14˛F√m A[¿Ω-Øn¬ \n∂pw

hos≠-SpØp; F_m. 9:12˛Ft∂-°p-ap-s≈mcp hos≠-

Sp∏v; Fs^. 1:7˛ hos≠-Sp∏p Ah-Im-i-am-bn-Øo¿∂p;

1 ]sXm. 1:18, 19˛hos≠-Sp∏v `qX-Im-e-Øn¬). Hcp

InkvXym\n ssZh-tIm-]-Øn¬ \nXyX apgp-h≥ Nne-

h-gn-t°-≠ -X-c-Øn-ep≈ ]m]-Øns‚ \ne-\nev]v, ]m]-

Øn-s\-Xn-sc-bp≈ ssZh-tIm-]-Øns‚ ia-\-Øn\v

Iqiv aXn-bm-b-Xm-bn-cp-∂n√ F∂v A¿∞-am-°p-∂p.

F∂m¬ ssZh-h-N\w Aß-s\-b√ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv

(tdm-a. 3:25; 1 tbml. 2:1˛2; 4:10). H∂p-In¬ ChnsS

hos≠-Sp∏v D≠v, As√-¶n¬ hos≠-Sp∏v C√. H∂p-

In¬ ssZh-tIm]w ian-∏n-°-s∏- p. As√-¶n¬ ssZh-

tIm]w ian-°-s∏- n-√. H∂p-In¬ InkvXp-hns‚ acWw

]m]-]-iv\-Øn\v ]cn-lm-c-ambn As√-¶n¬ ]cn-lm-c-

am-bn- n√ (1 tbml. 19:30). H∂p-In¬ InkvXp-hns‚

bmKw ]q¿Æhpw Ah-km-\-tØ-Xp-am-Wv. As√-¶n¬

`mKn-Ihpw XpS-cp-∂Xpw BWv. H∂p-In¬ CXv ]q¿Æ-

ambpw \nhr-Øn-bm-°-s∏- -Xv. As√-¶n¬ `mKn-I-ambn

\nhr-Øn-bm-°-s∏- Xv (F-_m. 9:12; 26, 28; 10:10,12, 14).

InkvXp-hns‚ ]mb-›n-Ø-a-cWw a\p-jy-h¿§-Øns‚

]m]]iv\-Øn\v ]q¿Æ-amb ]cn-lm-c-am-sb-¶n¬

hnizmkn C\nbpw in£n-°-s∏-tS≠ Hcp ]m]w-

t]mepw Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂n-√. Hcp hnizm-kn C\nbpw

in£n-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥ km≤y-X-bp≈ Kp]vX-amb Nne

]m]-ßƒ D≠v F∂v Nn¥n-°p-tºmƒ Iqinse ]m]-

]-cn-lmcw mKn-I-am-bn-cp-∂p, AXv ]q¿Æ-ambncp∂n√

F∂v a\- n-em-t°-≠n-h-cpw.

Ah≥ \sΩ kIe A[¿Ω-Øn¬ \n∂pw

hos≠-SpØp k¬]-hrØnIfn¬ ipjvIm-¥n-

bp-s≈mcp kz¥-P-\-ambn X\n°p ip≤o-I-cn-

t°-≠-Xn∂p Xs∂-Øm≥ \ap-°p-th≠n

sImSpØp (Xo-sØm. 2:14).



Ah≥ Ah-t\m -Sp -IqsS Pohn -∏n®p;

AXn-I-a-ßƒ H-s°bpw \tΩmSp £an®p

(sIm-sem. 2:13).

e. Hcp InkvXym-\n-bpsS c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp-sa-¶n¬

ssZh-]p-X≥ a≤y-ÿ≥/]£-hmZw sNøp-∂-h≥

F∂ \ne-bn¬ ]cm-P-b-am-Wv

tbml. 17:11 ˛¬ InkvXp Cßs\ ]m¿∞n-°p-∂p.

""]cn-ip-≤-]n-Xmth, \ns‚ \ma-Øn¬ Ahsc ImØp-

sIm-t≈-W-ta.''Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬, kq£n-°p∂p,

ImØp-sIm-≈p∂p, \mi-Øn¬\n∂v kwc-£n-°p∂p

(hmIyw 12) F∂v ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p. Xs‚ ]m¿∞-\-

bn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv At∏m-kvX-e-∑msc amX-a-√,

kIe hnizm-kn-I-sfbpw IqsS-bmWv (hmIyw 20).

AXp-sIm-≠v, X∂n¬ hniz-kn-®n-cn-°p∂ F√m hnizm-

kn-I-sfbpw \mi-Øn¬ \n∂v kwc-£n-t°-W-sa-

∂mWv InkvXp ]m¿∞n-®-Xv. Hcp hnizmkn Ah-km-

\-ambn \in-®p-t]m-Ip-sa-¶n¬ tbml-∂m¬ 17- ¬ Im-

Wp∂ InkvXp-hns‚ At]£ ssZh-Øns‚ CjvS-

Øn\v hntcm-[-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p-h-t√m. IqSmsX, InkvXp

a≤y-ÿ≥ F∂ \ne-bn¬ ]cm-P-bhpw˛Ah≥ ]nXm-

hmb ssZh-tØmSv At]-£n-®Xv X≈n-°-f -

™pht√m.

I¿Øm-hmb tbip-InkvXp Ct∏mgpw hnizm-kn-

Iƒ°pth≠n ]£-hmZw sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p

(tdm-a. 8:34; F_m. 7:24˛25). Ah≥ Ct∏mgpw hnizm-


215

kn-I-fpsS ZXbv°pth≠n hy‡-ambn At]-£n-®p-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p. F_m-b¿ 7:25 hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xv,

\ΩpsS c£n-Xmhv, ]£-hmZw sNøp-hm≥ kZm Pohn-

°p-∂-h≥ F∂mWv. Cu XpS¿am-\-amb ]£-hmZw

\nXy-c-£bv°v Imc-W-am-Ip-∂p. hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p-th-

≠n-bp≈ InkvXp-hns‚ Hcn-°epw Ah-km-\n-°mØ

At]£ ]nXm-hmb ssZhw AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p. tbml.

11:42˛¬ ]nXmhv ]pXs\ Ft∏mgpw tIƒ°p∂p F∂v

Hm¿∏n-°p-∂p. Hcn-°epw Ah-km-\n-°mØ InkvXp-

hns‚ Poh≥ Hcn-°epw Ah-km-\n-°mØ ]£-hmZ

ipiq-jsb Dd-∏n-°p-∂p. AXv Hcn-°epw Ah-km-\n-

°mØ c£sb Dd-∏m-°p-∂p. ssZh-Øn\v CjvS-an-

√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬, ssZhw Imem\pKXambn \ntj-[n-

°p∂ Hcp At]-£-bp-ambn Ign™ 2000 h¿j-ambn

InkvXp ]£-hmZw sNøp∂p F∂Xv Duln-°m≥

Ign-bptam? Xo¿®-bmbpw C√. ssZh-Øns‚ CjvS-

]-Im-c-amWv hnizm-kn-Iƒ kq£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Ah≥

Ft∏mgpw ]pXs‚ At]£ AwKo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p.

Ch-t\m, Ft∂°pw Ccn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v

amdmØ ]utcm-lnXyw BIp∂p ]m]n-®n-cn-

°p-∂Xv. AXpsIm≠v Xm≥ apJm-¥n-c-ambn

ssZh-tØmSp ASp-°p∂h¿°p-th≠n ]£-

hmZw sNbvhm≥ kZm Pohn-°p-∂-h-\m-I-bm¬

Ahsc ]q¿Æ-ambn c£n-∏m≥ Ah≥

]m]vX-\m-Ip∂p (F-_m. 7:24˛25).

\ap-°p-th≠n ]£-hmZw sNøp∂ InkvXp-hns‚

the Hcp h°o¬ F∂ \ne-bn-em-Wv. kmØm≥

ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cpsS ta¬ Ip‰w NpØp-∂-h\mWv (shfn.

12:10). F∂m¬ ]mh-iyhpw ]m]-Øn-s‚-Ip‰w Npa-

Øp-tºmƒ I¿Øm-hmb InkvXp A[n-Im-c-ap-f-f-bmƒ

F∂-\n-e-bn¬ \ap-°p-th≠n hmZn-°p-I-bmWv

(1 tbml. 2:1). Ahs‚ hmZw Hcn-°epw ]cm-P-b-s∏-

Sp-∂n-√.

f. Hcp InkvXym-\n-bpsS c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp∂psh-

¶n¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv Xs‚ apZ-bn-S¬ ipiq-j-

bn¬ ]cm-Pbw

Ah≥ \sΩ apZ-bn´pw Bflm-sh∂ A®mcw

\Ωp-sS- lr-Z -b-ß-fn¬ X∂p-an -cn -°p∂p

(2 sImcn. 1:22).

Ah-\n¬ \nßƒ°pw \nß-fpsS c£-sb-°p-

dn-®p≈ kphn-tijw F∂ kXy-h-N\w \nßƒ

tIƒ°bpw Ah-\n¬ hniz -kn -°p-Ibpw

sNbvXn- p, Xs‚ kz¥-P-\-Øns‚ hos≠-Sp-

∏n-\p-th≠n Xs‚ al-Xz-Øns‚ ]pI-gvN-

bv°mbn´p \ΩpsS Ah-Im-i-Øns‚ A®m-c-

amb hmKvZ-Ø-Øn≥ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-\m¬ apZ-

bn- n-cn-°p∂p (F-s^. 1:13˛14).

ssZh-Øns‚ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ Zp:Jn∏n-

°cpXv; Ah-\m-et√m \nßƒ°p hos≠-Sp∏p

\mfn-∂mbn apZ-bn- n-cn-°p-∂Xv (F-s^. 4:30).

]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv Hcp hnizm-knsb apZ-bn-Sp-∂-Xmbn

]utemkv ]e-]m-hiyw Hm¿∏n-°p∂p (2 sImcn. 1:22;

Fs^. 1:13˛14; 4:20). ]gb Ime-ß-fn¬ Hcp apZ-bm¬

cq]-s∏´ ]tXyI AS-bmfw DS-a-ÿ-X-sbbpw A[n-

Im-c-sØbpw ImWn-°p-∂p. Hcp cmPm-hns‚ apZ-bp≈

Hcp tcJ A[n-Im-csØ ImWn-°p-∂p. Hcp FÆ`c-

Wn-bntem ho™p-Ip-∏n-bntem ImWp∂ apZ DS-a-

ÿ-Xsb ImWn-°p-∂p. AwKo-I-cn-°p∂ icn-h-

bv°p∂, Bi-bhpw CXn-ep≠v (tbm-l. 3:33). C∂pw

""AwKo-Im-c-apZ'' sb°p-dn®v km[m-cW tIƒ°mw.

IqSmsX kwc£WsØbpw ImWn-°p-∂p. tbip-

hns‚ I√d apZ-sh®v `Z-am°n (a-Øm. 27:66).- Hcp

tcJ kwc-£n-°p-hm-\m-bn v apZ hbv°p-∂p. Hcp tcJ-

bpsS apZ s]mń-®p-I-gn-™m¬ AXv Xncp-Ø-s∏-´-

Xmbn IW-°m-°mw. AXp-sIm≠v \nb-a-]-c-amb apZ

s]mń-°p-hm≥ A[n-Im-c-ap≈ hy‡n-t° Ignbq.

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ apZ hnizm-kn-bpsS taep≈

ssZh-Øns‚ DS-a-ÿm-h-Imiw, AwKo-Imcw, kwc-

£Ww F∂n-hsb ImWn-°p-∂p. Cu kwc-£-W-

Øn\v GsX-¶nepw ]cn-[n-bpt≠m? hos≠-Sp-∏p-\m-

fn-\mbn apZ-bn-ń-cn-°p∂p F∂v Fs^. 4:30˛¬

ImWp∂p. AXm-bXv \ΩpsS ico-c-Øns‚ hos≠-

Sp∏v ]m]n®v al-Xzhpw Ah-Im-ihpw e`n-°p-∂-Xp-

hsc Cu temI-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ hnizm-kn-Isf ]q¿Æ-

ambn ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv apZ-bn- n-cn-°p-∂p. ]cn-ip-≤m-

flm-hns‚ kwc-£-W-Øns‚ Ime-ssZ¿Lyw, As√-

¶n¬ ssZh-Øns‚ DS-a-ÿm-h-Im-i-Øns‚ Ime-L´w

F∂Xv tXP-kv°-cWw hsc-bm-Wv. Hcp hnizm-kn-

bpsS c£ \jvS-s∏-Sm≥ CS-bm-bm¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-

hns‚ apZ hos≠-Sp-∏p-\m-fn\v apºp-Xs∂ s]mń-t∏m-

Ip-∂p. Aß-s\, Hcp InkvXym-\n-bpsS c£ \jvS-

s∏-Sp-hm≥ CSbm-bm¬ Fs^. 4:30 sX‰m-bn-t∏mIpw.

2 sImcn. 1:22 epw Fs^. 1:13˛14 hscbpw ]cn-ip-≤m-

flm-hns‚ apZ-sb-°p-dn®v ]d-bp-tºmƒ ]cn-ip-≤m-

flmhv Hcp A®m-c-am-sW∂v ]cm-a¿in-°p∂p (2 sImcn.

5: 5). ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hv, \ΩpsS Ah-Im-i-Øns‚ A®m-

c-am-sW∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. Hcp CS-]m-Sn-\p-th≠n Bcw-

-Øn¬ sImSp-°p∂ XpIbv°v Cu hm° v D]-tbm-

Kn-°p-∂p. Ko°v hm°n¬ "hnhm-l-tam-Xncw' F-∂-dn-

b-s∏-Sp∂p. ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv Hcp A®mcw As√-¶n¬


216

hnhm-l-tam-Xncw t]mse-bm-Wv. Ah≥ \ΩpsS hmKvZ-

Øhpw e`n-°p-hm≥ t]mIp∂ henb A\p-K-l-

Øns‚ Dd-∏p-am-Wv. BZy- ew Fs∂mcp ]tbm-Khpw

CXn-t\m-S-\p-_-‘-s∏´p ImWmw (tdm-a. 8:23). e`n-°p-

hm≥ t]mIp∂ henb A\p-K-l-Øns‚ Dd∏pw Bcw-

-hp-amWv ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hv. mhn-bn¬ e`n-°p∂ A\p-

K-l-Øns‚ Dd∏pw A®m-c-hp-amWv ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv

F∂m-Wv hos≠-Sp-∏p-\m-fn-te°v apZbn´ncn-°p∂p

F∂ hm°p-sIm≠v a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv. F∂mepw Hcp

InkvXym-\n°v c£ \evI-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, ]cn-ip-

≤m-flmhv mhnbnse A\p-K-l-Øns‚ BZy- -e-a√,

hen-sbmcp Ah-Im-i-Øns‚ A®m-ctam A√, ]cn-

ip-≤m-flmhv hos≠-Sp-∏p-\m-fn-\mbn apZ-bn-Sp-∂p-sh-

¶n¬, Ah≥ \ΩpsS henb Ah-Im-i-Øns‚ A®m-

c-am-Wv. \nXy-amb kpc£nXXzhp-amWv.

g. Hcp InkvXym-\n-bpsS c£ \jvS-s∏-Sm-sa-¶n¬

ss__n-fnse hmKvZ-Ø-ßƒ Ak-Xy-am-Wv

Hcp hnizm-kn°v in£m-hn[n C√m-sb∂pw, ssZh-

Øns‚ \nXy-amb tIm]-Øn\v A[o-\-\-s√∂pw

ss__nƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ Hcp InkvXym-\n°v

c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, ssZh-Øns‚ in£m-hn-

[n°pw \nXyamb tIm]-Øn\pw A¿l-\m-Wv.

Bta≥, Bta≥ Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp ]d-bp∂p:


kn-°p-∂-h\p \nXy-Po-h≥ D≠v: Ah≥ \ymb-

hn-[n-bn¬ BImsX ac-W-Øn¬ \n∂p Poh-¶-

te°p IS-∂n-cn-°p∂p (tbm-l. 5:24).

AXp-sIm-≠v, Ct∏mƒ InkvXp-tb-ip-hn -

ep≈h¿°v Hcp in£m-hn -[nbpw C√

(tdma. 8:1).

Ahs‚ c‡-Øm¬ \oXn-I-cn-°-s∏- -ti-jtam



ssZhw \sΩ tIm]-Øn-∂-√... . \ΩpsS

I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-kvXp-aqew c£sb

]m]n -∏m -\tX \nb-an -®n -cn -°p -∂Xv

(1 sX . 5:9, 10).

Hcp hnizm-kn-bpsS A¥n-a-c£ am‰-ap-f-f-Xm-sW-¶n¬

tbml 5:24 Cßs\ hmbn-t°≠n hcpw. ""Fs‚

hN\w tI´p Fs∂ Ab-®-hs\ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h\p

\nXy-Po-h≥ D≠v. Ah≥ an°-hmdpw \ymb-hn-[n-bn¬

BImsX ac-W-Øn¬ \n∂v Poh-¶-te°v IS-°p-hm≥

km≤y-X-bp-≠v.'' tdma. 8:1 Cßs\ hmbn-°Ww ""AXp-

sIm≠v Ct∏mƒ InkvXp-tbiphnep-≈-h¿°v in£m-

hn-[n-°p≈ km≤y-X-bn-√.''

F_m. 13:5 ""Rm≥ \ns∂ Hcp-\mfpw ssIhn-Sp-I-bn√.

Dt]-£n-°p-I-bp-an√'' . Hcp hnizm-kn-bpsS c£ \jvS-

s∏-Sp-sa-¶n¬, ssZhw Ahs\ ssIhnSpw. F∂m¬

F_m. 13:5 hmKvZØw sNøp∂p, "Ah≥ \ns∂

ssIhn-Sp-I-bn-√'. Ko°v ]tbm-K-Øn¬ A©v \ntj[

hm°p-I-fp-≠v).

tbml. 6:37 ""Fs‚ ASp-°¬ hcp-∂-hs\ Rm≥ Hcp-

\mfpw D]-£n-°p-I-bn√'' (Cc´ \ntj-[m¿∞w). Hcp

hnizm-kn-bpsS c£ \jvS-s∏-Sm-sa-¶n¬, ChnsS

F¥mWv hmKvZØw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v ]cn-K-Wn-

°-Ww. Xo¿®-bm-bpw, \nXy-Po-h≥ F∂ ]Zw km[m-

c-W-amWv (tbm-l. 6:47). Hcp hy‡nbpsS Poh≥ Ah-

km-\n-°p∂XmsW-¶n¬ AXv \nXy-Po-h≥ A√. hniz-

kn-°p-∂-h\v \nXy-Po-h\ps≠∂v InkvXp ]Tn-∏n-

°p∂p. A¿∞m¬ Ahs‚ Poh\v Ah-km-\an√.

tdma. 8:38˛39˛¬ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Hcp hnizm-knsb ssZh-

kvt\-l-Øn¬ \n∂v th¿]n-cn-°p-hm≥ H∂n\pw Ign-

bp-bn-√. Hcp InkvXym-\n-bpsS c£ \jvS-s∏-Sm-sa-

¶n¬ Ft¥m H∂v Ahs‚ th¿]m-Sn\v Imc-W-am-Ipw.

AXp-t]mse tbml. 10:28˛¬ InkvXp-]-d-bp-∂p, ""Ah

Hcp-\mfpw \in-®p-t]m-I-bn√'' (ho≠pw Cc´\ntj

[cq]Øn¬˛Ko°n¬˛Du∂n∏d™ncn°p∂p.) Hcp

hnizmkn c£ \jvS-s∏´v \in-®p-t]m-bm¬ Cu

hmKvZØw sX‰m-Wv. c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp∂ hnizm-kn°v

\nXy-Po-h-\n-√. Ah≥ ssZh-Øns‚ \ymb-hn-[n-bn¬

BIp-Ibpw ssZh-Øns‚ \nXy-amb tIm]-Øn\v

hnt[-b-\m-Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. ssZh-a-I-\m-bn-cp-∂-

hs\ (ap-ºv) ssZhw ssIhn-Spw, ssZh-kvt\-l-Øn¬

\n∂v th¿]n-cn-bpw, \in-®-t]m-Ip-Ibpw sNøpw,

ss__nƒ CXn-\p≈ km≤yX A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂n-√.

h. Hcp InkvXym-\n-bpsS c£ \jv-s∏-Sm-sa-¶n¬,

ssZhw \sΩ kq£n-°p∂ Imcy-Øn¬ ]cm-P-b-

s∏-Sp-∂p.

A¥y-Im-e-Øn¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Hcp-ßn-bn-cn-

°p∂ c£bv°p hnizm-k-Øm¬ ssZh-i-‡n-

bn¬ Im°-s∏-Sp∂ \nßƒ°p-th≠n kz¿§-

Øn¬ kq£n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xpw £bw, amen-\yw,

hm´w F∂nh C√m-ØXpamb Ah-Im-i-Øn-\m-

bn -Øs∂ ho≠pw P\n -∏n -®n -cn -°p∂p

(1 ]sXm. 1:4˛5).

hogm-sX-hÆw \nßsf kq£n®v Xs‚ aln-

am-k-∂n-[n-bn¬ If-¶-an-√m-Ø-h-cmbn B\-µ-

tØmsS \ndp -Øp-hm≥ i‡n-bp-≈-h∂p

(bq-Zm 4).


217

Hcp InkvXym-\n-bpsS c£ \jvS-s∏-Sm-sa-¶n¬,

kz¿§w Im°s∏Sp∂n√. F√m hnizm-kn-Ifpw ssZh-

i-‡n-bn¬ kwc-£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂pan√. Hcp InkvXym-

\n-bpsS c£ \jvS-s∏-Sm-sa-¶n¬, ssZhw Ahs\

hogm-sX-hÆw kq£n-°p-∂n-√, aln-am-k-∂n-[n-bn¬

sIm≠p-h-cp∂pan√. F∂m¬ Cu c≠v thZ- m-K-ßfpw

]c-am-[n-Im-cn-bmb Hcp ssZhsØ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

Cu ssZh-Øns‚ Dt±iyw hnizm-kn-Isf hogmsX

hnizm-k-Øn¬ kq£n-°p-Ibpw kwc-£n-°p-Ibpw

sNøpI F∂p-≈-Xm-Wv.

i. Hcp InkvXym-\n-bpsS c£ \jvS-s∏-Sm-sa-¶n¬,

c£ \jvS-s∏-Sm -hp∂ Imc-W-ß-sf-°p-dn®v

ss__nƒ H∂pw ]d-™n- n√. CXv Nn¥m-°p-g∏w

krjvSn-°p-∂p.

c£ \jvS-s∏-Sm-hp∂ ]m]-ß-sf-°p-dn®v ss__nƒ

H∂pw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂n-√. c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ ]m]-

Øns‚ ]cn[nsb°p-dn®pw ]d-bp-∂n-√. \nXyamb

kpc-£n-XXzw kXy-a-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh¶n¬, c£-bpsS

Ah-Imiw \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ \n¿t±-i-

ßƒ ssZhw ]q¿Æ-ambpw \o°n-°-f-bp-sa∂v hniz-

kn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. Nne ]tXyI \mi-sØ-

°p-dn®v Xs‚ P\--Øn\v ap∂-dn-bn∏v \evIp-hm≥

ssZhw BK-ln-®p. F∂mepw Xm°oXpI-sfm-∂p-an√.

]Icw 1 sImcn. 3:15˛¬ F√m hnizm-kn-I-fpw, k¬]-

hr-Øn-I-fn¬ ]nº-∑mcpw InkvXp-hns‚ \ymbm-k-\-

Øn\p apºn¬ c£n-°-s∏- -h-\mbn \nev°pw.

Hcp -Øs‚ ]hrØn sh¥p-t]m-sb-¶n¬

Ah\p tNXw hcpw: Xmt\m c£n-°-s∏-Spw....

(1 sImcn. 3:15).

2. \nXy-amb `ZX kXy-amWv hkvXp-Xm -]-c-amb

ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬

c£-bpsS `Z-X-sb-°p-dn®pw \nXyamb kpc-£n-X-Xz-

sØ-°p-dn®pw \ntj-[-cq-]-Øn¬ CXp-h-scbpw Nn¥n-

°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂-h-t√m. c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp-IbmsW-¶n¬,

AXns‚ bp‡n-lo-\Xbpw sX‰mb hi-ßfpw I≠p-

ht√m. CtX kXy-ßƒ hkvXp-Xm-]-c-ambn icn-bm-

W-∂p≈ ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬ Nn¥n-°p-∂Xv hfsc DNn-X-

amWv. Cu D]-tZiw Xmsg ]d-bp∂ Imc-W-ßfm¬

kXy-am-sW∂v a\- n-em-°mw.

a. InkvXp-hns‚ \oXn (\-ΩpsS kz¥ \oXn-b√)

c£n-°p∂p; Hcp-hs‚ c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂n-√.

hnizm-k-Øm-ep-ff \oXn-I-c-Ww, F∂-Xp-sIm≠v

A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv InkvXp-hns‚ \oXn Hcp hnizm-

knsb c£n-°p∂p F∂m-Wv. InkvXp-hns‚ \oXn

\jvS-s∏-Sm-Ø-Xp-t]mse Hcp hnizm-kn-bpsS \oXoI-

c-Whpw \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂n-√.

b. Xnc-s™-Sp∏pw ap≥\n -b-ahpw \nXy-amb

kpc£nXXzsØ Dd-∏m-°p-∂p.

Xnc-s™-Sp∏pw ap≥ \nb-a-\hpw \nXy-amb kpc-£n-

X-XzsØ Dd-∏n-°p-∂p. ssZhw \oXo-I-cn-®-h≥ tXP-

kv°-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v Xpey-am-Wv.

c. c£ F∂p-≈Xv ]hr-Øn-bm¬ e`n-®tXm \ne-

\n-ev°p-∂tXm A√.

c£ k¬]-hr-Øn-bm¬ e`n-®-tXm k¬]-hrØnbn

eqsS \ne-\n¿Øp-∂-tXm A√.

d. InkvXp-hns‚ ]m]]cnlmcw ]q¿Æ-X-bp-≈Xpw

XnI-™-Xp-am-Wv.

tbip-InkvXp k¿∆-]m-]-ßƒ°pw ]cn-lmcw D≠m-

°n. hnizm-knsb kw_-‘n®v ]cn-lmcw D≠m-°-s∏-

tS≠ Hcp ]m]hpw Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂n√.

e. InkvXp \ap-°p-th≠n hmZn-°p-∂-h≥ F∂p-≈-

\n-e-bn¬ `ZX Dd-∏m-°p-∂p

\ap-°p-th≠n ]£-hmZw sNøp-∂-h≥, hmZn-°p-∂-h≥

F∂o \ne-I-fn¬ InkvXp-hns‚ ipiqj \ΩpsS

kpc-£nXXzw Dd-∏m-°p-∂p.

f. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ apZ am‰p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn√

hos≠-Sp-∏p-\m-fn-\mbn ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv hnizm-kn-Isf

apZ-bn- n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu apZ s]m´n-°p-hm≥ Ign-I-bn-

√. mhn-bn¬ e`n-°p-hm≥ t]mIp∂ Ah-Im-i-Øns‚

A®m-chpw Dd-∏p-am-Wv.

g. At\I hmKvZ-Ø-ßƒ `ZX Dd-∏m-°p∂p

in£mhn[nbn√mØ \nXyPohs\∂v At\Iw hmKvZ-

Ø-ß-fp-≠v \n¿h-N-\-Øn¬Øs∂ ""\nXy'' F∂Xv

Hcn-°epw Ah-km-\n-°m-ØXv F∂m-Wv.

h. hogmsX \sΩ kq£n-∏m≥ Ign-hp-≈-h-\mWv

ssZhw

hogmsX \sΩ kq£n®v Xs‚ i‡n-bn¬ kwc-£n-

°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-h-\mWv ssZhw F∂v Hm¿∏n-°p-

∂p.

i. c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp-sa∂Xn\p bmsXmcp hN-\m-Sn-

ÿm-\-hp-an-√.

c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp-sa∂v ss__n-fn¬ Fßpw Xs∂ ]d-

™n- n-√. hfsc ^e-I-c-a-√m-ØXpw ]hr-Øn-bn-√m-

Ø-Xp-amb hnizm-kn°v InkvXp-hns‚ \ymbm-k-\-

Øn\v apºn¬ c£ D≠m-bn-cn-°pw.


218

B. a\- n-em-°m≥ ]bm-k-ap≈ `mK-ß-fpsS hni-Zo-

I-cWw

\nXy-amb `ZXsb \ntj-[n-°p∂hsc A¿ao-\n-

b≥kv F∂m-W-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. (1560˛ 1609 hsc Pohn-

®n-cp∂ U®vIm-c≥ tP°_v A¿ao-\n-bkmWv Cu

t]cn\p ImcW°mc≥). sh…nb≥ ]mcºcyap≈

saYUnÃpImscst∏mep≈h¿ \nXyamb `ZX

\ntj[n°p∂ KWØn¬s∏Sp∂p. hnizm-k-Øns‚

ASn-ÿm-\-]-am-W-ß-fn¬ Cu hnjbw hcp-∂n-√-sb-

¶n¬, hnizm-kn-bpsS `ZX F∂Xv hnizm-kn-I-sf- X-

Ωn¬ th¿Xn-cn-°p∂ hfsc ]m[m-\y-ap≈ Hcp D]-

tZ-i-am-Wv. InkvXym-\n-bpsS c£ \jvS-s∏-Sm-sa∂v

sXfn-bn-°p-hm-\mWv A¿ao-\n-b≥kv ss_-_n-fnse

Cu `mK-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ Cu `mK-

ßƒ \nXyamb ZX F∂ D]-tZ-isØ ]q¿Æ-ambn

Dd-∏n-°p-∂-Xmb \ne-bn¬ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ Ignbpw.

1. k¶o. 51:11

(\ymb. 16:20; 1 iap. 16:14)

\ns‚ k∂n-[n-bn¬ \n∂v Fs∂ X≈n-°-f-b-

cptX; \ns‚ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ F∂n¬

\n∂p FSp-°-bp-a-cptX (k-¶o. 51:11).

]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv Xs∂ hn´p-t]m-Ip-sa∂v ZmhoZv `mc-

s∏-Sp-∂p. \ymb-]-am-W-Im-e-L- -Øn¬ F√m hnizm-

kn-I-fp-sS-taepw ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv hkn-®n-cp-∂n-√

(tbm-l. 7:39). ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv Ft∂-°pw IqsS Ccn-

°p-sa∂pw hmKvZØw sNbvXn- n√ (tbm-l. 14:16˛17).

s]¥-t°mkvXp \mƒ apX¬ Bcw- n® Bflm-hns‚

ipiq-j-bn¬ \n∂pw (A-t∏m. 2) hyXy-kvX-ambn

\ymb-]-am-W-Im-e-L- -Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv hnizm-

kn-bn¬ hcn-Ibpw t]mIp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. CXv

]tbm-P-\-I-c-a-√mØ Pohn-Xhpw ipiq-jbpw A\p-

-h-am-°n F¶nepw c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp-hm≥ CS-bm-bn-√.

as‰mcp hni-Zo-I-cWw, Bflmhv F∂Xv Zmho-Zns‚

kz¥w Bflmhv F∂v ]cm-a¿in-®psIm-≠m-Wv. ZmhoZv

Cßs\ ]d-bp∂p: ""hnip-≤n-bpsS Bflmhns\ Fs‚

Pohn-X-Øn¬ \n∂v FSpØp am‰-cptX.' as‰mcp hn[-

Øn¬, ]m]-Øns‚ taep≈ Bg-amb Ip‰-t_m-[hpw

Pohn-X-Øn¬ hnip≤n°p≈ BK-lhpw \jvS-s∏-S-

cp-Xv F∂pw a\- n-em-°mw. Fs∂ Dt]-jn-°-cp-tX.-

Ip-‰-t_m-[hpw hnip-≤nbpw \evtI-Wta 10- mw A≤ym-

b-Øn¬ ""]cn-ip-≤mflimkvXw'' F∂ mKØv s]¥-

t°m-kvXp- ap-X-ep≈ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ipiq-j-

bpsS ]T\w Dƒs°m-≈n-®n-cn-°p-∂p (At∏m. 2). 75

2. sbsl. 33: 12˛20

(-Iq-SmsX sbsl. 3:20; 18:20).

a\p-jy-]p-Xm, \o \ns‚ kzPm-Xn-°m-tcmSp ]d-

tb-≠Xv; \oXnam≥ AXn-Iaw sNøp∂ \mfn¬

Ahs‚ \oXn Ahs\ c£n-°-bn√; ZpjvS≥

Xs‚ ZpjvSX hn´p-Xn-cn-bp∂ \mfn¬ Xs‚

ZpjvS-X-bm¬ CS-dn-ho-gp-In√; \oXn-am≥ ]m]w

sNøp∂ \mfn¬, Ah∂p Xs‚ \oXn-bm¬

Pohn-∏m≥ Ign-I-bn-√. \oXn-am≥ Pohn-°p-sa∂p

Rm≥ Ah-t\mSp ]d-bp-tºmƒ Ah≥ Xs‚

\oXn-bn¬ Bi-bn®v AIrXyw ]h¿Øn-

°p∂p F¶n¬, Ahs‚ \oXn-]-hr-Øn-Iƒ

H∂pw Ah\p IW-°n-Sp-I-bn√; Ah≥ sNbvX

\oXn tISpp \nanØw Ah≥ acn°pw

(sb-sl. 33:12˛13).

]m]w apJm-¥n-c-ap-≠mb imcocnI ac-W-sØ-°p-dn®v

sbsl-kvt°¬ ap∂-dn-bn∏v \evIp∂p (18:20- ¬ ]d-

bp-∂-Xp-t]mse h[-in-£-tbm, bnkm-tb-ens‚ iXp-

hp-am-bp-ff bp≤-Ønse ac-W-hp-am-Imw). sbsl-

kvt°¬ 33- ¬ cmPy-Øns‚ ta¬ hcp∂ hmfn-s\-

°p-dn®v (hmIyw 2) ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p. \mi-Øns‚ ka-

bØv \oXn-bn¬ Pohn-°p-∂-h¿°v ssZhw hnSp-X¬

hmKvZØw sNøp-∂p. ZpjvS-X-bn¬ Pohn-°p-∂-h¿°v

ac-W-Øns‚ ap∂-dn-bn∏pw \evIp∂p. ChnsS \nXy-

amb c£-b√ ]cm-a¿in-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv. acWw F∂Xv

]m]-Øm-ep-≠mb imcocnI ac-W-am-Wv. Cßs\

sX‰n-≤-cn-°-s∏-Sm-hp∂ a‰-t\I ]cm-a¿i-ßfpw

imcocnI Poh\pw imcocnI ac-Whpw BWv Hm¿Ωn

∏n-°p-∂Xv.

3. aØm. 24:13

(a-Øm. 10:22; a¿t°m. 13:13; eqt°m. 21:19 ImWpI)

F∂m¬ Ah-km-\-tØmfw kln®p \nev°p-

∂-h≥ c£n-°-s∏Spw (a-Øm. 24:13).

\nßƒ £a-sIm≠v \nß-fpsS ]mWs\

t\Spw (eq-t°m. 21:19).

Cu hmIy-ß-fn¬ c£ F∂Xv imco-cnI hnSp-Xtem

BflnI hnSpXtem BImw. GXv \ne-bn-em-sW-¶nepw

Cu ]kvXm-h\ IjvS-Imehpambn _‘-s∏-SpØn

a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. I¿Ømhv Xs‚ c≠mw hc-

hn\v apºp≈ Ime-L- -Ønse IjvS-Xsb ]cm-a¿in-

°p-∂p. aØm. 24:21˛¬ ]d-bp∂p ""temIm-cw`w apX¬


75 as‰mcp ImgvN-∏mSv ]g-b-\n-b-a- Im-e-ß-fn¬ F√m hnizm-kn-I-fnepw ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]tXy-I-i‡n

t\Xm-°-∑m-cn¬ ]I¿∂n-cp-∂p. t\Xm-°-∑m-cn-ep≈ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ]tXyIamb A`n-tjIw \jvS-s∏-SptamF∂v ZmhoZv `b-s∏- p.

219

C∂p -h-scbpw kw -hn-®n- n-√mØXpw C\n-ta¬ kw -

hn-°m-ØXpw Bb henb IjvSw A∂p-≠mIpw.'' Cu

A]q¿∆-amb Ime-L´w F∂-Xv, imcocnI Poh≥

\jvS-s∏-Sp∂ \ne-bn¬ hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p-≠m-Ip-hm≥

t]mIp∂ IjvS-Im-e-am-Wv. amX-a-√, F√m-hcpw A¥y-

Im-esØ ZpjvS-\mb `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-tbmSv `‡n ]I-

Sn-∏n-°p-Ibpw ico-c-Øn¬ apZ-tb-ev°p-hm≥ \n¿_-

‘n-X-cmbnØocp-Ibpw sNøpw. apZ-tb-ev°m-Xn-cn-

°p∂-h≥ InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-Øns‚ AS-bm-

f-ambn AXv shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw AXp apJm-¥ncw

henb IjvSX A\p-`-hn-°p-Ibpw sNtø≠nhcpw

(shfn. 13:16˛18). Aß-s\, FXn¿-In-kvXp-hn¬ \n∂v

IjvSX k-ln-°p-∂-h≥ Bflobc£ ]m]n-°pw

F∂v a\- n-em°mw. Cu c£ k¬]-hr-Øn-bneqsS

e`n-°p-∂-X√. hfsc IjvSX A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-t°-≠n-

h-cp-sa-¶nepw InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-hm-\p≈ Xocp-

am\w c£ e`n°phm≥ ImcWamIp∂p. atlm]Zh

ImeØn¬ IjvSX kln-°p-∂-Xn-eqsS c£ t\Sp-

hmt\m c£ \ne-\nØp-hmt\m Ign-I-bn-√. F∂m¬

AXv Fß-s\-sb∂v hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p. hniz-kn-°pI

F∂-Xn\v A¿∞w IjvSX kln-°pI F∂m-Wv. a‰p-

≈-h¿ FXn¿-In-kvXp-hns\ Bcm-[n-°p-hm≥ ka¿∏n-

°pw. ChnsS I¿Ømhv Dt±-in-°p-∂Xv imcocnI c£-

bmtWm, BflnI c£-bmtWm F∂v a\- n-em-°p-

hm≥ ]bm-k-am-Wv.

a. imcocnIc£ (hn-Sp-X¬) atlm-]-Z-h-Øn¬ \n∂v

IjvSX Npcp -ßnb Ime-L-´-Øn-te°p amX-

ap≈XmsW∂ I¿Øm-hns‚ hm°p-Iƒ t]m’m-l-

\-am-tI-≠-Xm-Wv. CXv Zo¿L-Im-e-tØ-°p-≈-X-√.

IjvSX kln-°p-∂-h¿°v Ah-km\w I¿Øm-hns‚

hnSp-X¬ (im-co-cn-I-c-£) e`n°pw. 76 atlm-]-Z-h-

Im-e-L- -Øn¬ IjvS-X-b-\p- -hn-°p∂ hnip-≤-∑m¿°v

]Xo-£bv°pw t]m’m-l-\-Øn\pw Imc-W-am-Ip-∂p.

A·n-]-co-£bv°v Hcp Ah-km\w D≠v. ]oUn-∏n-°p-

∂-hsc \in-∏n-°p-hm-\mbn I¿Ømhv i‡n-tbm-Sp-

IqsS aS-ßn-h-cn-Ibpw hnizm-kn-Isf XpS¿∂p≈

IjvS-X-bn¬ \n∂v c£n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.

b. Bflobc£

Nne ]cn- m-j-I-fn¬ (NASB) eqt°m. 21:9 imco-cnI

hnSp-X-ens\ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. 19- mw hmIy-Øn¬ F.-

Un. 70 ¬ \S-°p∂ sbcqi-te-ans‚ \mihpw A∂v

Pohn-®n-cp∂ At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿°v AXn¬ \n∂p hn-

Sp-X-ep-s≠-∂pap≈ hmKvZ-Ø-ambpw ImWm-hp-∂-

XmWv. A∂v Ipd-®p hnizm-kn-Iƒ acn-t°-≠n-h-∂mepw

(hmIyw 16). ChnsS atlm-]-Z-h-Im-e-L- -Øns‚ Ah-

km\w e`n-°p∂ imcocnI c£-sb-bmWv Ko°v ]cm-

a¿i-Øn¬ Dƒs°m-≈n-®n-´p-≈-Xv. aØm. 24:13˛¬

Bibw hyXy-kvX-am-Wv.

\nßƒ £a-sIm≠v \nß-fpsS ]mWs\

t\Spw (eq-t°m. 21:19) (A-£-cm¿∞w).

eqt°m. 21:19˛¬ I¿Ømhv ]d-bp-∂p, ""\nß-fn¬

Nnesc Ah¿ sIm√n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.'' XpS¿∂v

hmIyw 18- ¬ ]d-bp-∂p, ""\nß-fpsS Xe-bnse Hcp

tcmaw t]mepw \in-®p-t]m-I-bn√ Xm\pw''. ChnsS

InkvXp imcocnI ac-Whpw BflnI hnSp-Xepw XΩn-

ep-≈-A-¥cw F¥m-sW∂v Hm¿∏n-°p-I-bm-sW∂v

tXm∂pw. ""Ah¿ \nßsf sIm√pw, F∂m¬ Bflo-

b-ambn Hcp tZmjhpw sNøp-hm≥ Ah¿°p Ign-bp-

I-bn-√''. eqt°m. 21:9˛¬ Bflobc£-sb-°p-dn®v ]cm-

a¿in-°p∂p F∂v Duln-®mepw, c£ \jvSs∏Sp-∂-

Xn-s\-°p-dn®p Hm¿Ωn∏n-°p∂p F∂v ]d-bp-hm≥ Ign-

bp-I-bn-√. Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬ k¬]-hr-Øn-I-

fneqsS c£ t\Sp-hm≥ Ignbpw F∂pw ]Tn-∏n-°p-

∂p. Cu c≠v Bi-b-ßfpw hy‡-ambn a\- n-em-t°-

≠-Xm-Wv. AXn-te°v c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-Øns‚

]tXy -I -Xbpw atlm-] - Z -h -Im -e -L-´ -Øns‚

ÿnXnbpw Nn¥n-°-Ww.

(1) c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw

bYm¿∞ hnizm-kn-Iƒ hnizm-k-Øn¬ Im°-s∏-Sp-∂-

h-cm-Wv. hnizm-kn-Iƒ hniz-kn-°p-∂p. Cu hnj-b-sØ-

°p-dn-®p-≈ hni-Z-amb ]T\w XpS¿∂v hnj-a-ap≈ mK-

ß-fpsS hni-Zo-I-c-W-Øn¬ hcp-∂-Xm-Wv (1 sImcn.

15:1˛2; sImsem. 1:21˛23). tbml. 10:5˛¬ tbip ]d-bp-

∂Xv Ahs‚ BSp-Iƒ ""A\y-∑m-cpsS i_vZw Adn-

bp-∂n√'' F∂m-Wv. Hcp InkvXym-\n, ]sXmkv

sNbvX-Xp-t]mse A]-I-S-ßfpw ]Xn-k-‘n-Ifpw hcp-

tºmƒ Xs‚ hnizmkw XyPn -°mw. F∂m¬,

]sXmkv ]nXm-hmb ssZh-tØmSv InkvXp-hns\

\ntj-[n-°-tbm,-Xs‚ lrZ-b-Øn¬ InkvXp-hns\

\ntj-[n-°p-Itbm sNbvXn- n-√. bYm¿∞ hnizm-kn,

InkvXp ssZh-]p-X-\m-sW∂pw \ΩpsS ]m]-ßƒ°p-

th≠n acn®v Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂‰p F∂pw D≈ hkvXpX

Hcn-°epw \ntj-[n-°p-I-bn-√. atlm-]-ZhIme-b-f-

hnepw Hcp bYm¿∞ hnizmkn A¥n-In-kvXp-hns\

Bcm-[n-°p-I-tbm, Ahs‚ apZ Gev°p-Itbm

sNøn√ F∂¿∞w.

(2) atlm-]-Z-h- Im-e hyhÿIƒ

atlm-]-Z-h-Im-e-L´w Bcw- n-°p-tºmƒ qan-bn-ep≈


76 -"Ah-km\w' F∂Xv atlm-]-Z-h-Im-e-L- -Øns‚ Ah-km\w F∂v ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p. as‰m∂v Pohn-X-Øns‚ Ah-km\w F∂pw a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

220

kI-ecpw c£n--s∏-Sm-Ø-h-cm-bn-cn°pw 77 A¥n-InkvXp

k¿∆-tem-I-Øns‚ taepw A[n-Imcw Gs‰-SpØp

Ign-bp-tºmƒ Xs∂ Bcm-[n-°p-hmt\m bYm¿∞

InkvXp-hns\ Bcm-[n-°p-hmt\m kIe a\p-jycpw

t]cn-∏n-°-s∏Spw (a-Øm. 24:15; 2 sX . 2:4 shfn. 13:

15˛18). ssZhhpw Cu Imcy-Øn¬ ]tcm£ambn CS-

s]-Spw. InkvXp-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ kXyw a\- n-em-°m-

Ø-h¿ A¥n-In-kvXp-hns‚ I≈-Ø-c-ßƒ hniz-kn-

°-Ø-°-hn[w A‘-∑m-cmbnØocpw (2 sX . 2:11˛12).

kmØms‚ kΩ¿±hpw ssZhnImtem-N-\-Ifpw c≠n-

sem∂v Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-hm≥ kI-e-scbpw \n¿_-‘n-

X-cm-°pw. atlm-]-Z-h-Im-e-L- -Øn¬, c£n-°-s∏-Sm-

Ø-h-cmbn PohnXw Bcw- n®hcn¬ Nne¿ InkvXp-

hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-Øn-te°v Xncnbpw (Zm-\otb-enepw

shfn-∏m-Snepw ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ hnip-≤-∑m¿ DZm. shfn.

7:9, 14). ÿnc-am-bn´pw ]n≥h-en-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Ign-bmØ

\ne-bnepw hnizmkw shfn-s∏-Sp-tØ≠ Hcp kµ¿`w

bYm¿∞-Øn¬ temI-N-cn-X-Øn¬ D≠m-I-bn-√. arK-

Øns‚ apZ-tb-ev°p-hm-\p≈ Xocp-am\w InkvXp-

hns\ Ft∂-°p-ambn X≈n-°-f-bp∂ A\p- -h-am-bn-

cn-°pw. F√m Ahn-izm-kn-Ifpw A¥n-In-kvXp-hns‚

ssI°o-gn¬ BIbpw Ahs\ Bcm-[n-°p-Ibpw Ah-

cpsS Xocp-am\w apZ Gev°p-∂-Xn¬ IqsS shfn-s∏-

Sp -Øp-Ibpw sNøpw. F∂m¬ hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v

InkvXp-hns\ Ft∂-°p-ambn \ntj-[n-°p-hm≥ Ign-

I-bn -√. AXp-sIm≠v hnizm-kn-Iƒ Xß-fpsS

hnizmkw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw apZ Gev°msX A¥n-

In-kvXp-hns\ hntcm-[n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. Ahkm\w

atlm-]-Z-h-Im-e-b-f-hn¬ arK-Øns‚ D]-Zhw kln-

®p- ap-tºm´p t]mIp-∂-h¿, bYm¿∞Øn¬ c£n-

°-s∏- -h-cm-bn-cn°pw F∂p-≈Xv kXy-am-Wv. Ah¿

IjvSw kln-®-Xp-sIm-≠√ c£ t\Sp-∂Xpw \ne-\n-

ev°p-∂Xpw. Ah¿ Ah-cpsS hnizmkw shfn-s∏-Sp-

Øpw. c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw arKsØ Bcm-[n-°p-∂Xv

XS-bp-Ibpw Ahs‚ apZ Gev°p-∂Xv XS-bp-Ibpw

sNøpw. atlm-]-Z-h-Øns‚ Ah-km\w hsc arKsØ

Bcm-[n-°p-∂Xv \ntj-[n-°p-∂h-cm-bn-cn°pw In-kvXp-

hn¬ hniz-kn®v c£ t\Sp-∂-h¿. InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-

kn-°p-hm≥ Xocp-am-\n-°p-Ibpw FXn¿-In-kvXp-hns\

Dt]-£n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿, hfsc IjvSX A\p-

-hn-t°-≠n-h-cp-sa-¶nepw Ah¿ c£ ]m]n-°p-∂-h-

cm-bn-cn-°pw. InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizmkw Xnc-s™-Sp-

°p-∂-h¿ IjvS-Xtbm ac-Wtam A\p-`-hn-t°≠n

h∂mepw Xß-fpsS ]mWs\ t\Sp∂ Xocp-am-\-am-

bn-cn-°pw. arKsØ Bcm-[n-°p-hm\pw Ahs‚ apZ-

tb-e v°p -hm\pw Xocp -am -\n -°p -∂-h¿°v c£

\jvSs∏SpIb√ sNøp-∂-Xv, ]ns∂tbm Ah¿°p

Hcn-°epw c£-bn-√-sb-∂v shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bmWv.

tbip-hns‚ hm°p-Iƒ \ap°v Cßs\ ]dbmw ""Ah-

km\w hscbpw A¥n-InkvXphns\-Xn-cmbn \ne-\n-

ev°p-∂-h-cmWv c£n-°-s∏- -h¿.'' Cu kXyw as‰mcp

hn[-Øn¬ Cßs\ ]d-bmw. ""c£n-°-s∏- -h¿ kln-

®p\nev°pw''. AtX kXy-amWv ]d-bp-∂-sX-¶nepw

as‰m-∂n\v Du∂¬ \-evIp∂p. icn-bmb hnizm-kn-Iƒ

Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw AXn-In-kvXp-hns\ Bcm-[n-°p-∂Xv

X≈n-°-fbpw AXn-\p-th≠n IjvSX A\p-`-hn-°p-

Ibpw sNøpw. F∂m¬ tbip ]d-bp-tºmƒ tbip-

In-kvXp-hns\ (A-¥n-In-kvXp-hns\ A√) AwKo-I-

cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ ITn-\-amb D]-Zhpw ac-Whpw kln-

t°-≠n-h-∂mepw Ah¿°v c£ e`n°pw F∂v kphy-

‡-ambn shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

4. aØm. 25:30

(a-Øm. 8:11˛12 ImWpI)

F∂m¬ sIm≈-cp-XmØ Zmks\ G‰hpw ]pd-

Øp≈ C-cp- n-te°v X≈n-°-f-hn≥; AhnsS Ic-

®nepw ]√p-I-Snbpw D≠mIpw (a-Øm. 25:30).

Hcp Zmks\ ]pd-Øp≈ Ccp- n¬ X≈n-°-f-bp∂ hnj-

b-amWv ChnsS ]d-bp-∂-Xv. CXv InkvXym-\n-bpsS

c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp-sa-∂p-≈ kqN-\-bmtWm? At∏m. 2

hsc k` cq]o-I-cn -°-s∏-ń -ń -√. I¿Øm-hns‚

]Tn-∏n-°¬ ]eXpw k`-tbmSp _‘-s∏-´-Xm-sW-

¶nepw ]e ]kvXm-h-\-Ifpw bnkm-tb-ep-ambn _‘-

ap-≈-h-bm-Wv. Hcp \ne-bn¬ F√m blq-Z-∑mcpw ssZh-

Øns‚ Zmk-∑m-cm-sW-¶nepw F√m blq-Z-∑mcpw c£n-

°-s∏-´-h-c-√. ]e¿°pw hnizmkw C√. Aßs\

ssZh-Øns‚ Zmk-\mb blq-Z≥ in£m-hn-[n°v

A¿l-\m-Wv. Fß-s\-bm-sW-¶nepw CXv c£ \jvS-

s∏-Sp∂ Hcp InkvXp-hn-izm-kn-bpsS DZm-l-c-W-a-√.

aØm. 8:12˛¬ Ahn-izm-kn-I-fmb bnkm-tb-emWv

I¿Øm-hns‚ a\- n¬ D≈-sX∂v sXfn-bn-°p-∂p.

5. tbml-∂m≥ 15:1˛8

Rm≥ km£m¬ ap¥n-cn -h≈nbpw Fs‚

]nXmhv tXm´-°m-c\pw BIp∂p. F∂n¬

Imbv°mØ sImºv Hs°bpw Ah≥ \o°n-

°-f-bp-∂p. Imbv°p-∂Xv Hs°bpw A[nIw

êw-Im-bvt°-≠-Xn\v sNØn-sh-Sn-∏m-°p-∂p.

Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp kwkm-cn® hN\w \nanØw

\nßƒ Ct∏mƒ ip≤n -bp≈hcm-Ip -∂p.

F∂n¬ hkn-∏n≥; Rm≥ \nß-fnepw hkn°pw;

sImºn\p ap¥n-cn-h-≈n-bn¬ hkn-®n-´-√msX


77 CXv atlm-]-Zh Ime-L- -Øn\v apºv hnip-≤-∑m¿ F√mwFSp-°-s∏Spw F∂ Bi-b-amWv (A-≤ymbw 12)

221

kzb-ambn Imbv°m≥ Ign-bm-Ø-Xp-t]mse

F∂n¬ hkn-®n- -√msX \nßƒ°p- I-gn-I-bn-

√. Rm≥ ap¥n-cn-h-≈nbpw \nßƒ sImºp-Ifpw

BIp-∂p; Hcp-Ø≥ F∂nepw Rm≥ Ah-\nepw

hkn-°p∂p F¶n¬ Ah≥ hfsc ^ew -Im-

bv°pw. Fs∂ ]ncn™v \nßƒ°v H∂pw

sNbvhm≥ Ign-I-bn-√. F∂n¬ hkn-°m-Ø-

hs\ Hcp sImºp-t]mse ]pd-Øp-I-f-™n´v

Ah≥ DWßnt∏mIp∂p; B hI tN¿Øp

Xobn¬ CSp-∂p; AXp sh¥p-t]mIpw. \nßƒ

F∂nepw Fs‚ hN\w \nß-fnepw hkn-®m¬

\nßƒ C—n-°p-∂Xv Fs¥-¶nepw At]£n

∏n≥; AXp \nßƒ°p In´pw. \nßƒ hfsc

^ew Imbv°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ Fs‚ ]nXmhv al-

Xz-s∏-Sp-∂p. Aßs\ \nßƒ Fs‚ injy-∑m¿

BIpw (tbm-l. 15:1˛8).

tbml-∂m≥ 15 se apdn®p ]pdØpIf-™- sImºv

c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp∂ hnizm-kn-Isf kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p-

sh∂v Hm¿Ωn∏n-°p-∂p. F∂mepw \nXy-amb `ZX

ssIImcyw sNøp∂ Bi-b-ßƒ ChnsS hni-Zo-I-cn-

°p∂p F∂ ImgvN-∏mSpw D≠v. bqZm, At∏mkvXe-

∑m-cpsS Iq -Øn¬ \n∂v ]pd-Øp-t]m-Ip-∂-Xns\ hni-

Zo-I-cn-°p-∂XmImw. hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v Cu Pohn-X-Øn-

ep≈ in£m-hn-[nsb Hm¿Ωn∏n-°p-∂XpamImw.

a. bpZ Hcp apdn-°-s∏´ sImsº∂ \nebn¬

icn-bmb tIgvhn°msc Dt±-in®v Fgp-X-s∏-´-XmWv

tbml-∂m≥ 15- mw A[ym-bw. apdn®v ]pd-Øp-I-f™

sImºv bpZ-bpsS Hgn-™p-t]m-°ns\ B Znhkw

k‘ym-k-a-bØv Xs∂ kqNn-∏n-®n-cp∂p (tbm-l. 13:

26˛30). X∂n¬ hkn-°p-hm≥ £Wn-°p-∂-h-tcm-Sv,

InkvXp-hns\ ]nSn-®p-sI- n, hnkvX-cn®v Iqin-°m≥

sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-tºmƒ, Bflm¿∞-Xbpw InkvXp-hn¬

hnizm-khpw \ne-\n¿Ø-W-sa∂v Hm¿Ωn∏n-°p∂p. Cu

hnj-b-ß-sf-sbms° F√m kab-tØ°pw _m[-I-

am-sW-¶nepw, amfnI apdn-bn-en-cp-∂-h¿, apdn-hn v tXm -

Øn-te°v t]mIp-∂-h-tcmSv kmµ¿`n-I-ambn I¿Ømhv

]Tn-∏n-°p∂ hnj-b-ß-fm-sW∂v a\- n-em-°mw.

(tbm-l. 14:31; tbml. 18:1). CXn-\n-Sbv°v bqZ tbip-

hns\ H‰n-s°m-Sp-°p-Ibpw s]s´-∂v acn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp∂p. I¿Ømhv ]mY-an-I-ambn As∏m-kvX-e-∑m-

tcmS v ]d-bp∂p F∂p-≈Xn\p≈ kqN-\-Iƒ

t\m°pI.

...-F-¶nepw ]nXmhv Fs‚ \ma-Øn¬ Ab-∏m-

\p≈ ]-cn -ip-≤m-flmhv F∂ Imcy-ÿ≥

\nßƒ°v kI-ehpw D]-tZ-in-®p-X-cn-Ibpw

Rm≥ \nß-tfmSv ]d-™Xv Hs°bpw \nßsf

Hm¿Ω-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøpw (tbm-l. 14:26).

\nßfpw BZn-ap-X¬ Ft∂m-Sp-IqsS Ccn-°-

sIm≠v km£yw ]d-hn≥(tbm-l. 15:27).

Ah¿ \nßsf ]≈n-` -jvS¿ B°pw

(tbm-l. 16:2).

..BZnbn¬ CXp \nßtfmSp ]dbm™Xp

Rm≥ \nßtfmSp IqsS Ccn°sIm≠sX

(tbml. 16:4).

C\nbpw hfsc \nßtfmSp ]dhm≥ D≠v.

F∂m¬ \nßƒ°p Ct∏mƒ hln∏m≥

Ignhn√ (tbml. 16:12).

Ch¿°p-th≠n amX-a√ Ch-cpsS hN-\-Øm¬

F∂n¬ hniz-kn-∏m-\n-cn-°p-∂-h¿°v th≠nbpw

Rm≥ At]-£n-°p∂p (tbm-l. 17:20).

amfnIapdn kw`m-j-W-ßƒ injy-∑m-tcmSv t\cn´v

kwkm-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. C∂sØ Hcp InkvXym-\nbpw

""Bcw`w- ap-X¬'' I¿Øm-hn-t\m-Sp-IqsS Ccp-∂n- n-√

(tbm-l. 15:27; 16:4). tbml. 17:20- ¬ InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-

kn-∏m-\n-cn-°p∂ hcp∂ Xe-ap-d-tbmSv F∂v Hm¿∏n-

°p-∂-Xv, I¿Øm-hns‚ ]Tn-∏n-°-ep-Iƒ F√mw

Xt∂mSpIq--sS-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂ At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-tcm-Sm-bn-

cp∂p F∂v Dd-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. tbml-∂m≥ 15-˛mw

A≤ymbw At∏m-kvX-∑m-tcm-SmWv Hm¿∏n-°p-∂-sX-

¶n¬, I¿Ømhv bqZ-bpsS ]pd-s∏´p t]mI¬ hni-Zo-

I-cn-°p-Ibpw, _m°n-bp-≈-h-tcmSv apºn-ep≈ A‘-

Im-c-\n-an-j-ß-fn¬ hnizm-k-Øn¬ \ne-\n-ev°Ww

F∂v Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-I-bp-amWv sNøp-∂-Xv.

tbml. 15:2˛¬ Imbv°mØ sImºv \o°n-°-fbp∂Xm

bn ]d-bp-∂p.78 AXv ImgvN-bn¬ ap¥n-cn-h-≈n-tbmSv

_‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. F¶nepw (bqZ ]pdsa InkvXp-

hn-t\m-Sp≈ kl-I-c-W-ØneqsS _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p)

At\ym-\y-ap≈ Pohs‚ ssIam‰w \S-∂n-cp-∂n-√.

ap¥n-cnh-≈n-bn¬ \n∂v DW-ßnb imJ-bn-te°v

Poh≥ Hgp-In-bn-cp-∂n-√. AXp-sIm≠v ssZhw AXns\

am‰n-°-f-bp∂p (\o°n°f-bp-∂p). ]pdta InkvXp-


78 "F∂n¬' F∂ ]tbmKw ]pd-sa-bp≈ _‘sØ kqNn-∏n-°p∂p F∂p tXm∂mw. InkvXp-hn¬ c≠v Xc-Øn-ep≈sImºp-I-sf-°p-dn®v ]d-bp-∂p. H∂m-a-Xv, DW-ßnb sImºp-Iƒ AI-sa-bp≈ _‘-tam, Poht\m C√. c≠m-a-Xv, ew-Im-bv°p∂ sImºp-Iƒ, CXn\v AI-sa, Pohs‚ _‘wD≠v. c≠m-asØ hn`m-K-Øn¬s∏´h°p amXta hkn-°p-hm-\p≈ Iev]\ A\p-k-cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bq. DW-ßnbsImºp-Iƒ°v ImgvN-bn¬ InkvXym-\n-Xz-tØm-Sp- _‘wImWpw. ]t£ Poh-\n-√. AXp-sIm≠v, Ah-bv°n-√mØ_‘-Øn¬ hkn-°p-hm≥ IgnI-bn-√.

222

hpambn _‘n-°-s∏-ń-cp∂p F¶nepw InkvXp-hn-

ep≈ Poh≥ ]m]n-®n-cp-∂n-√. c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp∂

hnizmkn°v DZm-l-c-W-a√ bqZ. ]pdsa InkvXym-\n-

Xz-hp-ambn _‘-ap-s≠-¶nepw AI-ta-bp≈ Poh≥

]m]n-°mØ hy‡n°v DZm-l-c-W-am-Wv. hmIyw 2˛¬

êw-Im-bv°mØ DW-ßnb sImºmb bqZsb

InkvXp-hp-am-bp≈ _‘-Øn¬ \n∂v \o°n-°-f-™-

Xmbn injy-∑msc Hm¿Ωn∏n-°p-∂p. Ahs\ hfsc

thKw ac-W-Øn¬ IqsS \o°n-°-f™p.

_m°n-bp≈ injy-∑m-sc√mw ew ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p∂

sImºp-Isft∏mse-bmWv. ]pd-sa-bp-≈ _‘w-Iq-Sm-

sX, AI-sa-bp≈ _‘hpw (sF-Iy-X) InkvXp-hp-

ambn ]pe¿Øn-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-\n¬ \n∂v Poh≥ Ah-

cn-te°v Hgp-In-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿°v sNØn-sh-Sn-∏m-°¬

(I-jvSXbpw in£-I-fpw) ]Xo-£n-°mw. AXv IqSp-

X¬ êw ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-hm≥ Im-c-W-am-Ip-∂p.

tbml-∂m≥ 15:4˛¬ a‰p≈ injy-∑m-tcmSv ""F∂n¬

hkn-°p-hn≥'' F∂v tbip Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p. I¿Øm-

hns‚ F√m Iev]-\-Ifpw A\p-k-cn®v Bg-ap≈ Hcp

_‘-Øn-te°v hcp-hm-\p≈ Hcp A`y¿∞-\IqSn

"F∂n¬ hkn-°pI' F∂ \n¿t±-i-Øn¬ ImWp-∂p.

CXv ap¥n-cn-h-≈n-bn¬ \n∂v IqSp-X¬ kPo-h-amb

Poh≥ hen-s®-Sp-°p-hm-\p≈ \n¿t±-i-am-Wv. 1 tbml.

3:24˛¬ ImWp∂ hkn-°pI F∂-Xns‚ \n¿h-N\w

CXm-Wv. hkn-°pI F∂ Iev]\ c£ F∂ hnj-

b-sØ-°mƒ A\p-k-c -WsØ tIµo -I -cn®p

\nev°p∂p (tbm-l. 15:5, 10). F¥m-bm-epw, hkn°pI

F∂ Iev]\ c£-sb-°mƒ Ipd™ Hcp hnj-bhpw

Dƒs°m-≈p-∂n√. 79 hkn-°pI F∂-Xn\v ÿnc-ambn

\nev°pI F∂¿∞w, Xs‚ At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-tcmSv

Xs‚ Iev]-\-Iƒ A\p-k-cn-°p-hm≥ tbip Bh-iy-

s∏-Sp-tºmƒØs∂ A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ t]mIp∂

]Xn-k-‘n-I-fpsS a≤y-Øn¬ hnizm-k-Øn¬ \ne-

\n-ev°p-hm\pw tbip Hm¿Ωn∏n-°p-∂p.

\nXy-amb `ZX AwKo-I-cn-°p∂ Hcp hy‡n Nn¥n-

°p-∂Xp tbip injy-∑m-tcmSv hnizm-k-Øn¬ \ne-

\nev°Ww F∂v Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂-sX-¥psIm-≠mWv?

hnizm-kn-Isf hnizm-k-Øn¬ \ne-\n¿Øp-hm-\p≈

ssZh-Øns‚ ]≤Xn (1 ]sXm. 1:4˛5). hnizm-k-Øn¬

\ne-\n-ev°p-hm-\p≈ hN-\-Ønse Iev]-\-I-fm-Wv.

Hcp hy‡n-bpsS hnizm-khpw c£bpw \jvS-s∏-Sp-

sa∂v k¶-ev]n-®m¬ Xs∂, Hcp hnizm-knsb hnizm-

k-Øn¬ kwc-£n-°p-∂Xv ssZh-Øns‚ ]hr-Øn-b√.

tbml. 15-˛¬ ]d-bp∂ tbip-hns‚ Ir]-bpsS

ap∂dnbn∏pIfpw Iev]-\-Ifpw A√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬,

At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿ t]mepw ]Xn-k‘nL´-Øn¬

hnizmkw Dt]-£n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. Cßs\ kw`-hn-

°msX Ahsc kpc-£n-X-ambn Im°p-hm≥ I¿Ømhv

Dt±-in-®p.

injy-∑m-tcmSv hnizm-k-Øn¬ \ne-\n-ev°p-hm\p≈

(hkn-°p-hm≥) Iev]-\, A‘-cmXn-bnepw hcp-hm≥

t]mIp∂ \n¿Æm-b-I-amb Iqio-I-cW Zn\-Ønepw

Cu hy‡n-Isf hnizm-k-Øn¬ \ne-\n¿-Øp-hm-\p≈

Imc-W-am-bnØo¿∂p. CXp Xs∂-bt√ I¿Ømhv

tbml. 16:1 ˛¬ A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv? B[p-\nI Ime-

Øn¬ hnizmkw ImØpkq£n-°p-hm-\p≈ hN-\-

Ønse Iev]-\-Iƒ \nXy-amb `ZXbpsS Dt]-Z-i-

ß-fp-ambn s]mcp-Ø-s∏-SmsX hcp-∂n-√. hnizm-k-

Øn¬ \ne-\n-ev°p-hm-\p≈ InkvXp-hns‚ Iev]-\-

Iƒ, hnizm-kn-Isf kpc-£n-X-cm°n \n¿Øp-hm-\p≈

ssZh-Øns‚ am¿§w BWv. I¿Ømhv injy-∑m-tcmSv

X∂n¬ hkn-°p-hm≥ Iev]n-°p-tºmƒ, hnizm-k-

Øn¬ \ne-\n-ev°pIsb∂pw Ahs‚ Iev]-\-Iƒ

A\p-k-cn°pIsb∂pap≈ c≠m-i-b-ßfpw Dƒs∏-

ńcp-∂p.

hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Cu Iev]-\-Iƒ bqZbv°pw AXp-t]m-

se-bp-≈-h¿°pw D≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂n-√. ap¥n-cn-h-≈n-tbmSp

_‘-s∏´p \nev°p∂ Hcp DW-ßnb sImºv Bbn-

cp∂p bqZ. tbip-hp-ambn ]pd-ta-bp≈ _‘w D≠m-

bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw, AI-ta-bp≈ Poh≥ D≠m-bn-cp-

∂n√. bqZbv°v hkn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bn√

Hcp-h\v C√mØ Hcp Imcyw Ah\v ]m[m\yw \evIn


79 tbml-∂m≥ 4: 15˛¬ "Ah-\n¬ hkn°pI' F∂Xv c£n-°-s∏-Sp∂Xn\p Xp-ey-am-Wv. ]tXy-In®pw 1 tbml. 2: 6˛¬ ("h-kn-°pI' F∂Xv hmIyw 5˛se "Ah-\n¬' F∂Xn\vXpey-am-Wv. 1 tbml 3: 24˛¬ hkn-°pI F∂Xn\v I¿Øm-hns‚ Iev]-\-Iƒ A\p-k-cn-°pI F∂m-Wv. c≠m-i-b-ßfpw tbml-∂m≥ 15- ¬ Dƒs°m-≈n-®n- p-≠v. tbip Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfmSv c£-bn-te°p ]th-in-°p-hm-\√ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂Xv (B[p\nI ]kwKßfn¬ Cu hmIyw CucoXnbn¬ ]tbmKn°msa¶nepw). c£n-°-s∏´ At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-tcmSv Ah¿°p e`n-®n- p≈ _‘-Øn¬ \ne-\n-ev°p-hm≥ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p. AXm-bXv, Ah¿°p≈ hnizm-k-Øn¬ \ne-\n-ev°p-I, Ahs‚ Iev]-\-Iƒ A\p-k-cn-°pI.bqZ hmkw Ah-km-\n-∏n® kw`hw CX-√. Poh-\p-ffsImºp-Iƒ°p amXta hkn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bq. hnizm-k-Øn¬ \ne-\n-ev°p-Ibpw A\p-k-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xn-eq-sS-bmWv Ah¿°v hkn-°p-hm≥ Ign-™Xv. ""F∂n¬''c≠p Xc-Øn-ep≈ sImºp-I-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p(A-Xm-bXvInkvXp-hp-ambn ]pdsa _‘-s∏- n-cp-∂). ImgvN-bn¬ _‘-

ap-s≠-¶nepw êw C√m-ØXv DW-ßnb sImºp-I-fm-Wv.ImgvN-bn¬ _‘-ap-≈Xpw êw Imbv°p-∂Xpw Poh-\p-f-f-h-bm-Wv. Poh-\p≈ sImºpIƒ°p amXta sFIy-Xbpw AXneqsS \ne-\n-ev°p-hm\pw Bg-Øn¬ hf-cp-hm\pw Ign-bp-I-bp-f-fq.

223

kq£n-°p-hm≥ Ign-I-bn-√. bqZbv°v CXp-h-scbpw

Bcw- n-®n- n-√mØ hnizm-k-Øn¬ XpS-cp-hm\pw Ign-

™n-√. AXpsIm≠v InkvXphn¬ hkn°phm\pw

Ignbn√. Ah\v InkvXp-hp-ambn Hcp-Po-h-\p≈

sFIyX \ne-\n¿Øp-hmt\m InkvXp-hns‚ F√m

Iev]-\-Ifpw A\p-k-cn®v Hcp kPo-h-amb sFIy-X-

bn¬ IS-∂p-h-cp-hmt\m Ign-™n-√. Xobn-te°v hen-

s®-dn-b-s∏´ Hcp DW-ßnb sImºmWv bqZ.

]pdsa InkvXp-hp-am-bp≈ _‘-Øn¬ XpS-cp-∂Xpw

(k- mw-KXzw D≠v) F∂m¬ hnizmkw C√mØXpamb

Hcp hy‡nsb ]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂-h-\mWv bqZ.

hnizm-k-an-s√¶n¬ bmsXmcp Bflob Iq´m-bva-bp-an√.

Cß-s\-bp≈ hy‡n-Iƒ°v Ah-\n¬ hkn-°p-hm\pw

B _‘-Øn¬ XpS-cp-hm\pw Ign-bn-√. Ah≥ B

_‘w CXp-h-scbpw Bcw- n-®n- n-√. InkvXp-hn¬ hn-

izkn°p∂Xp-hsc I¿Øm-hns‚ Iev]-\-Iƒ A\p-

k-cn®v B _‘-Øns‚ Bgw Iq´p-hm≥ Ign-I-bn-√.

bqZ-sb-t∏mse Ah-km-\w, InkvXp-hp-ambn sI -s∏-

ń-cn-°p∂p F∂v tXm∂n-°p∂ F√m _‘-ßfpw

A‰p-t]m-bn v Xobn-te°v Fdn-b-s∏-Spw.

tbml-∂m≥ 15-˛mw A≤ymbw bYm¿∞ \ne-hm-c-

Øn¬ A]-K-Yn®v ]Tn-®m¬, Cu `mKw c£ \jvS-

s∏-Sp∂ Hcp bYm¿∞ InkvXym-\n-bp-ambn _‘-s∏-

Sp-tØ≠ Bh-iyw C√. bqZ Po-h-\n-√mØ DW-ßnb

Hcp sImºv, Ah\v c£ \jvS-s∏- n-√. Ah\v Hcn-

°epw c£-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Ah-\n¬ hkn-®n- p-an-

√. AXpsIm≠v c£ \jvS-s∏-ń´p-an√. Ah-\n¬

hkn-°p-hm≥ Ign-™n√ F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬ Ah-

\v kz¥am°phm≥ IgnbmØ _‘Øn¬ XpScphm

≥ Ign-™n√ (h-fsc Ipd™ Bgw). InkvXp-hp-ambn

_‘-s∏´ ]e Imcy-ß-fnepw ]pdta G¿s∏Sp∂h

sc-¶nepw, hnizm-k-Øm-ep≈ bYm¿∞ sFIyX C√m-

Ø-h¿°v bqZ Hcp ap∂-dn-bn-∏m-Wv.

\nXy-amb `ZX AwKo-I-cn-°p∂ ]ecpw tbml-∂m-

≥ 15˛se Cu hymJym\w AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂n-√. ChnsS

Xo F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv \nXy-amb in£mhn[nsb°pdn

®s√∂v Ah¿ Nn¥n-°p-∂p. hkn°pI F∂ \n¿t±-

i-Øn¬ hnizm-k-Øn¬ XpS-cpI F∂ At]£bpap

s≠∂p Nn¥n°p∂n√. Xo F∂Xv ]Xn- ew \jvS-

s∏-Sp-∂Xpw hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p≈ Xmev°m-enI in£-

bm-sW∂pw Ah¿ Icp-Xp-∂p. hkn-°p-hm-\p≈

Blzm\w F∂Xv Bg-ap-ffXpw ]q¿Æ-am-b-Xp-amb

A\p-k-c-WsØ ImWn-°p∂p F∂pw AXn\v hnizm-

k-Øn¬ XpS-cp-∂-Xp-ambn _‘-an-s√∂pw Nn¥n-°p-

∂p. Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ "bqZ-bpsS ImgvN-∏mSp' IcWob

ambn°mWp∂p F¶nepw, c≠m-asØ ImgvN-∏mSv

AwKo-I-cn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

b. _mein£-bpsS ap∂-dn-bn-∏v, ]Xn- -e-ßƒ \jvS-

s∏-Sp∂p F∂ ImgvN-∏mSv

tbml-∂m≥ 15- ¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw "bqZ-bpsS A\p- hw'

A√ ImWn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv. AXm-bXv InkvXob

BNmcßfpambn _‘-ap-s≠-¶nepw hnizm-k-an√.

InkvXp-hns‚ hm°p-Iƒ ]-tXy-I-ambn hnizm-kn-Isf

kw_-‘n-°p∂XmsW-¶n¬ A\p-k-c-Whpw ]q¿Æ-

_-‘-hp-ap≈ Hcp Pohn-X-ambn hkn-°-W-sa∂v hnizm-

kn-Iƒ°v ap∂-dn-bn∏v \evIp-∂p. CXv \ntj-[n-°p-

∂-h¿ imco-cnI acWw hsc-bp≈ in£ A\p- -hn-

°p-Ibpw Ah¿°v ]Xn-êw \jvS-s∏-Sp-Ibpw

sNøp∂p.

tbml. 15:2˛¬ êw Imbv°mØhsc-°p-dn®pw

Ipd®p êw Imbv°p-∂-h-sc-°p-dn®pw ""F∂n¬''

F∂ ]tbm-K-Øn¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.80 êw

Imbv°mØ InkvXym-\n-Isf imco-cn-I ac-W-

ØneqsS Cu temI-Øn¬ \n∂pw am‰p-∂p(1 sImcn.

11:30). Ipd®p êw Imbv°p∂ InkvXym-\n-Isf

A[nIw êw Imbvt°-≠-Xn\p sNØn- sh-Sn-∏m-

°p∂p.

hm. 4˛¬ IqSpX¬ êw Imbn∏m≥ sImºn¬

hkn∏m≥ Iev]n°p∂p.

Ahs‚ Iev]-\-Iƒ A\p-k-cn-°p-∂-h≥ Ah-

\n¬ hkn-°p∂p (1 tbml. 3:24).

(1 tbml. 2:28 t\m°pI).

Ahs‚ Iev]-\-Iƒ A\p-k-cn-°p-hm≥ hnk-Ω-Xn-°p-

∂-h¿ 6˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ sImºp-

Iƒ°v Xpey-am-Wv. Np´p-I-f-bpI F∂Xv Im¿jnI

cq]Im-e-¶mc hm°m-Wv. Irjn-°m-c≥ km[m-cW

\new IØn-°p-∂Xv AXnse If-Isf \in-∏n-°p-∂-

Xn-\pw, e-]p-jvSn-bp-≈-Xm-°p-∂-Xn\pw BWv. 81 hkn-

°m-Ø-h≥ ssZh-Øns‚ ip≤o-I-cW in£m-hn-[n-

bneqsS IS-∂p-t]m-tI-≠n-h-cpw. CXv c£ \jvS-s∏-


80 bqZmbpsS ImgvN∏mSn¬ \n∂pw hyXykvXambn in£mhn[nbpsS ImgvN∏mSv 2˛mw hmIyØn¬ 2 XcØnep≈sImºpIsfbpw c£n°s∏´hsc ImWn°p∂p. c≠pIq´¿°pw B¥cnIamb BflnI sFIyX D≠mbncn°pw.""F∂n¬'' c£n°s∏´, êan√mØ sImºpIfpw,c£n°s∏ v êw ]pds∏Sphn°p∂ sImºpIfpw D≠v.F¥mbmepw ""bqZbpsS ImgvN∏mSn¬'' 2˛mw hmIyØnse""F∂n¬'' F∂Xv hkn°pI F∂Xn\v kam\amIp∂n√.""F∂n¬'' hkn°p∂n√ F∂Xv Iev]\ A\pkcn°p∂n√ F∂ \nebn¬ Nn¥n°phm≥ Ignbpw.81 F_m. 6:8 ˛¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ "IØpI' F∂Xv hnizm-knsb in£m-hn-[n-bn¬IqsS tim[\ sNøp∂ hnj-b-am-sW∂v Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ hniz-kn-°p-∂p. Fßn-s\-bm-sW-

224

Sp-I-b-√, ]ns∂tbm Cu IjvS-X-Iƒ hnizm-knsb

]ptcm-K-Xn-bn-te°v \bn-°p-I-bmWv. IqSmsX ]Xn-

êw \jvS-s∏-Sp∂p F∂ Hcp ]cm-a¿ihpw D≠v.

1 sImcn. 3:15- ¬, \ymbm-k-Øns‚ apºmsI hnizm-

kn-bpsS Pohn-X-Ønse ]hrØnIƒ IØn-t∏mIpsa

∂v Hm¿Ωn∏n-°p-∂p. Ah≥ c£n-°-s∏Spw, F∂m¬

]Xn- ew \jvS-s∏-Sp∂p. c≠m-asØ hni-Zo-I-cWw

(tbm-l. 15: 6 se Xo I-Øp∂ coXn) \nXy-amb `ZX

sb-°p-dn-®p≈ D]-tZ-isØ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

CXv hfsc efn-Xhpw 1 tbml. 3:24 se 82 A\p-k-

cWw F∂Xv hkn-°pI F∂-Xns‚ \n¿h-N-

\hpamWv. BZysØ ImgvN-∏mSv bYm¿∞ ]›m-Ø-

e-hp-ambn IqSp-X¬ tbmPn-°p-∂Xpw Xobn¬ IØp∂

sImºns‚ cq]-Im-e-¶m-c-Øn\v hni-Zo-I-cWw \evIp-

∂XpamsW∂v Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ hniz-kn-°p-∂p. Hcp

hy‡n GXp \ne-bn¬ hymJym-\n-®mepw tbml.15:

1˛8 hsc-bp≈ hmIy-ß-fn¬ \nXy-amb `ZXsb

FXn¿°p-hm≥ bmsXmcp sXfn-hp-an-√.

6. tdma. 11:11˛32

F∂m¬ Fs∂ Hń-t°-≠-Xn∂p sImºp-Isf

HmSn-®p-I-f™p F∂p \o ]dbpw; icn; Ahn-

izm-k-Øm¬ Ah HSn™pt]mbn. hizmkØm

¬ \o \nev°p∂p; sRfn-bmsX b-s∏-Sp-I.- kzm-

`m-hnI sImºp-Isf ssZhw BZ-cn-°msX

t]msb-¶n¬ \ns∂bpw BZ-cn-°msX ht∂

°pw. BI-bm¬ ssZ-Øns‚ Zbbpw JWvUn

Xhpw ImÏ; hoW-h-cn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ JWv

Un-Xhpw; \n∂ntem \o Zb-bn¬ \ne \n∂m¬

Zbbpw Xs∂; As√-¶n¬ \obpw tOZn-°-

s∏Spw. Ahn-izm-k-Øn¬ \ne-\n-ev°m-™m¬

Ah-scbpw IqsS Hń°pw; Ahsc ho≠pw Hń-

∏m≥ ssZhw i‡-\-t√m.(-tdm-a. 11:19˛23).

a. blq-Z≥ ˛ PmXn hnhmZw

tdma. 11:11˛¬ ssZhw bnkm-tb-ens\ X≈n-°-

f™pthm F∂v ]utemkv tNmZn-°p-∂p. C√. Ah≥

bnkm-tb-ens\ X≈n-°-f-™n-ń-√. F¥p-sIm-s≠-

∂m¬, hniz-kn-°p∂ Hcp tijn∏v Ds≠∂v Hm¿∏n-

°p∂p. F∂m¬ blq-Z-∑m-cpsS Ahn-izm-k-Øm¬

(hmIyw 20), bnkm-tb¬ a‰p-f-f-h-sc-°mƒ ]tXy-I-

am-b -P-\-sa-∂ \ne-bn-ep≈ ]hr-Øn-Iƒ ssZhw

\n¿Øn-sh-®p. Ct∏mƒ ssZhw PmXn-Isf Ahs‚

A\p-K-l-Øn-te°v Iqń-t®¿Øp. bnkm-tb-ens\

Hcp cmjvS-sa-∂p≈ \ne-bn¬ ssZhw Ahs‚ A\p-

K-l-Øns‚ ÿm\-Øp-\n∂v X≈n-°-f-™p. F∂m¬

bnkm-tb-ens‚ t\sc PmXn-I-fpsS K¿∆w ssZhw

A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂n-√. PmXn-I-fpsS A\p-K-l-Øn-t∑-ep≈

Xo£vWX Nne blq-Z-∑msc InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-

k-Øn-te°v \bn°mw (hmIyw 11, 14). `mhn-bn¬ \S-

°p∂ Bbn-c-am≠p hmgvN-bn¬ ssZhw bnkm-tb-

ens\ Nne ]tXyI ]Z-hn-bn-te°v aS-°n-s°m-≠p-

hcpw (hmIyw 25˛27). Ct∏mƒ PmXn-Iƒ°p e`n-®n-cn-

°p∂ A\p-K-lw, Ah¿ sblq-Z-∑m-sc-°mƒ GsX-

¶nepw Hu∂Xyap≈-h-cm-b-Xp-sIm-≠m-sW∂p Nn¥n-

t°≠ Bhiyw C√. blq-Z-∑mcpw PmXn-Ifpw XΩn-

ep-ff _‘w hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v ]utemkv Hcp

Henhv ac-Øns‚ DZm-l-cWw \evIp-∂p.

b. bYm¿∞ Henhp acw

tdma¿ 11 ˛ se Henhp acw k -b-√. s]mXp-hmbn∏d-

™m¬ CXv ssZhnI B\p-Iq-eyhpw Bflob km≤y-

Xbpw A\p-K-lhpw D≈ ÿew F∂v Nn¥n°mw.

IqSp-X¬ hy‡-ambn∏d-™m¬ Henhp acw F∂p-

≈Xv A_-lm-aneqsS-bp≈ A\p-K-l-Øns‚ ÿm\-

amWv. thcv hnip-≤-am-b-Xp-sIm≠v (A-_-lmapw ]nXm-

°-∑m-cpw) sImºp-Ifpw (b-lq-Z-∑-mcpsS hniz-kn-°p∂

A\-¥c Xe-ap-d) Aßs\ Xs∂. PmXn-Iƒ Xß-

fpsS Bflob \∑-Iƒ°v bnkm-tb-en-t\mSv IS-s∏-

ń-cn-°p-∂p.

kq£va-ambn \nco-£n-®m¬ bYm¿∞ Hen-hp-acw

(]-g-b-\n-ba blq-Z-∑m¿), c£n-°-s∏- Xpw c£n-°-

s∏-Sm-Ø-Xp-amb blq-Z-∑m-cp≈ Nne imJ-Iƒ ]pd-

s∏-Sp-hn-®p. Nne blq-Z-im-J-Iƒ hnizm-kn-I-fm-bn-cp-

∂p. F∂m¬ a‰p -Nn-eXp hnizm-k-an-√mØ imJ-Ifpw

(hmIyw 20). AXp-sIm≠v Cu hr£w c£-bpsS

hr£-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. ]ns∂tbm hnim-e-amb Bflob

km≤y-X-Ifpw A\p-K-l-ßfpw NnXo-I-cn-°p∂ Hcp

hr£w BWv. A_-lm-an¬ \n∂v Bcw- n® A\p-

KlØns‚ \nXy-amb c£bpw Dƒs∏-Sp∂p.

(hnizmkw D≈-h¿°p amXw). F∂m¬ A_-lm-an¬


¶nepw F_m. 6˛se hni-Zo-I-cWw Hcp \ne-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈XmWv. Xo CXnse If-I-sfbpw Aip-≤n-sbbpw \in-∏n®v \ne-Øn\v tISp-h-cp-ØmsX AXn¬ Dev]m-Z-\-£-aXh¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂p. tbml. 15- ¬ Hcp sImºns\ DZm-l-c-W-ambn ImWn-°p-∂p. Xo sImºns\ apgp-h-\mbn \in-∏n-°p-∂p. "bqZbpsS ImgvN-∏mSv' Cu ap∂-dn-bn-∏ns\ \c-I-ambn NnXo-I-cn-°p-∂p. tbml. 15:6˛¬ Xo in£m-hn-[nsbImWn-°p∂p F¶n¬, 2˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ sNØn-sh-Sn-∏m-°pI F∂ ]tbmKw F¥mWv A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv? hmIyw2˛se sNØn-sh-Sn-∏m-°p-∂Xv in£m-hn-[n-bp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-Øn-bm¬, hmIyw 6˛se Xo IqSp-X¬ A]-I-S-I-c-ambhkvXp-Xsb ]cm-a¿in-°p∂p F∂v Nn¥n-°p∂X-t√\√Xv?82 1 tbml. 2: 5˛6 epw, 4:15-˛epw ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ hkn-°pI F∂ hm°v, c£n°s∏Sp∂p(being saved) F∂-Xns\ ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p. CXv Hcp sshcp-≤y-ambntØm∂mw.

225

\n∂v blq-Z-∑m-cn-te°v h∂ A\p-K-l-Øns‚ taJ-

e-Iƒ, ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬Iq-sSbpw ]hm-N-I-∑m-cn¬Iq-

sSbpw e`n® ssZh-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ _lp-hn-[-amb

⁄m\w, IpSpw-_w, hym]m-cw, `c-W-]-c-amb _‘-

ßƒ Ch-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ ]mtbm-Kn-I-amb ⁄m\w

ssZh-hp-ambn t\cn´v kao-]n-°p-hm≥ e`n® ]Zhn

[mcmfw hnizm-kn-I-tfmSp tN¿∂v Pohn-°p-hm-\p≈

Ah-kcw F∂n-h-bm-Wv. c£n-°-s∏SmØ bnkm-tb-

ey¿ t]mepw [mcmfw \∑-Iƒ A\p- -hn-°p-∂p.

F¥m-bm-epw, Ahn-izm-kn-I-fmb blq-Z-∑m-cpsS Ahn-

izmkw \nanØw ssZhw Xs‚ A\p-K-l-Øns‚

ÿm\-Øp\n-∂v Ahsc \o°n-°-f-™p. ssZhw tami-

bv°p -sIm-SpØ \nb-a-ßfpw \o°n-°-f-™p. hniz-

kn-°mØ blqZ-∑msc ssZhw Xs‚ ]tXy-I-amb

]cn-K-W-\-bn¬ \n∂p \o°n-°-f™p F∂-Xp-sIm≠v

c£ \jvS-s∏´p F∂v Nn¥n-t°-≠-Xn-√. ImcWw,

hnizm-k-an-√m-Ø-h¿°v Hcn-°epw c£-bn-√-t√m. ""HSn-

®p-I-f-bpI'' F∂-Xn\v ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb \n¿h-N\w

c£ -\-jvS-s∏-SpI F∂-√. ]ns∂tbm ITn-\-s∏-

SpØpI F∂mWv (hmIyw 7˛25). Ahn-izm-kn-I-fmb

bnkm-tb¬ ITn-\-s∏´p F∂Xp-sIm≠v bnkm-tb-

en-\p-≠m-bn-cp∂ A\p-K-l-Øns‚ ÿm\Øp \n∂v

X≈-s∏´p F∂v a\- n-em-°mw.

c. Hen-hp-a-c-hp-ambn PmXn-Iƒ°p≈ _‘w

Ahn-izm-kn-I-fmb bnkm-tb-ens\ Ah¿°p e`n-°m-

am-bn-cp∂ ]tXyI km≤yX-bn¬ \n∂pw ]Z-hn-bn¬

\n∂pw \o°n-°-f-™p. ssZhw Xs‚ -km-≤yXIfpw

]tXy-I-amb A\p-K-l-ßfpw a‰p≈ PmXn-Iƒ°v

Xpd∂p- sIm-Sp-Øp. bYm¿∞ ac-Øn¬ c£n-°-s∏-

´Xpw c£n-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-Xp-amb blq-Z-∑m¿ D≈-Xp-

t]mse, PmXn-Isf A\-pK-l-Øns‚ ÿm\-tØ°v

H´n-®p-tN¿Ø-t∏mƒ Ahn-sSbpw c£n-°-s∏-´Xpw

c£n-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-Xp-amb PmXn-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

tdma. 11˛¬ ]utemkv Xs‚ hmb-\-°msc PmXn-Iƒ

(hmIyw 13) F∂mWv kwt_m-[\ sNøp-∂-Xv.

]utemkv Xs‚ hmZ-K-Xn-bn¬, tdman-ep-≈-hsc PmXn-

Iƒ (\n-ßƒ F∂ ]tbm-Kw) F∂mWv ]cm-a¿in-

°p-∂Xv. ""Ah¿'' F∂ ]tbmKw blq-Z-∑m-sc-bpw,

blq-Z-coXnt]mse- Xs∂ Ahn-izm-kn-I-fmb PmXn-

Iƒ°pw InkvXym-\n-Xz-Øn-eq-sS-bp≈ s]mXp-hmb

A\p-K-l-ßƒ ]m]n-°p-hm≥ CS-bm-Ip-∂p. Ahn-izm-

kn-I-fmb PmXn-Iƒ°v k -bn-eq-sSbpw hN-\-Øn-eq-

sSbpw e`n-°p∂ kXy-ß-fn-te°v ]th-i\w C∂pw

D≠v. kwkvIm-c-Øn-s‚bpw thZ-]p-kvX-I-]-c-amb

BNm-c-Øn-s‚bpw ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ IpSpw_w,

sXmgn¬, `c-W-Im-cy-ßƒ, \oXn\ymb-ta-J-e-Iƒ

F∂n-h-bn¬ t\ -ßƒ ssIh-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ ssZ-

h-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ ÿnc-amb A\p-K-l-Øn\v

hnizmkw amX-amWv ASn-ÿm-\w. 20- mw hmIy-Øn¬

""\o (Pm-Xn-Iƒ) hnizm-k-Øm¬ amXw \nev°p∂p''

F∂v Hm¿∏n-°p-∂p. ssZhnI A\p-K-l-am-Ip∂ hr£-

Øn¬ PmXn-Iƒ°p e`n-°p∂ ÿnc-amb ÿm\w

hnizmkw D≈-Xp-sIm≠p amX-amWv, ssZh-Øn\v

PmXn-I-fn¬ ]tXyI XmXv]cyw D≠m-Im≥ Imc-Ww.

]Ir-Xn-kn-≤-ambn blq-Z-∑m-sc-°mƒ Xßƒ D∂-X-

cm-sW∂v Hcn-°epw Nn¥n-°p-hm≥t]mepw Ign-bn-√.

F√m PmXn-Ifpw blqZ-]-am-W-Ønse kXy-ßƒ,

blq-Z-]-hm-N-I-∑m¿, blq-Z-a-inl F∂o hnj-b-ß-

fn¬ bnkm-tb-en-t\mSv IS-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p (hmIyw 18).

PmXn-Iƒ A\p-K-l-Øns‚ ÿnc-amb ÿm\Øv

\nev°p-hm-\p≈ ImcWw Ah-cpsS hnizmkw amX-

amWv (hmIyw 20). hniz-kn-°mØ PmXob InkvXym-

\n-Iƒ, hniz-kn-°mØ blq-Z-∑m-sc-°mƒ H´pw hnti-

j-X-bp-≈-h-c√. InkvXobkzm[o-\-X-bm-tem,

InkvXobkXy-Øns‚ shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-en-\m-tem,

[mcmfw Xmev°m-enI A\p-K-l-ßƒ e`n-s®∂p

hcmw. F∂m¬ hnizm-k-Øns‚ A`m-h-Øn¬ \nXy-

amb A\p-K-l-Øn¬ \n∂v PmXn-Iƒ \o°-s∏-Spw.

hmIyw 20˛22 hsc ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ b-\n¿t±-i-ßfn¬

c£ -\jvSs∏-Sp-∂- Imcyw Dƒs∏-Sp-Øp-∂n√. PmXn-

I-fpsS a≤y-Øn-ep≈ ssZh-Øns‚ ]hr-Øn-bm¬

At\I A\p-K-l-ßƒ ]¶p-h-bv°p∂ hniz-kn-

°mØ PmXn-Iƒ, Cu Pohn-X-Ønepw \nXy-X-bnepw

D≈ A\p-K-l-ßƒ C√m-Xm-°p∂ henb A]-I-

SsØ A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-t°≠n- h-cp-∂p. HSn-®p-I-f-bpI

F∂-Xn\v c£-\jvSs∏-SpI F∂ A¿∞-a√ D≈Xv.

H∂m-a-Xmbn Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ c£n-°-s∏- -h-c-√. HSn-

®p-I-f-bpI F∂-Xn\v ITn-\-am-°p∂ Ahn-izm-kn-I-

fmb PmXn-Iƒ F∂¿∞-am-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv(I-Tn-\-am-

°p∂ Ahn-izm-kn-I-fmb blq-Z-∑m-sc-t∏mse Xs∂

(hmIyw 7, 25) ssZh-Øns‚ Zb XpS-cp∂v hnizm-k-

Øm-emWv (-tdma. 2:4 ssZh-Øns‚ Zb am\-km-¥-c-

Øn-te°v \SØp∂p). Ahn-izm-kn°v ssZh-Øns‚

s]mXp-hmb Ir] Xmev°m-en-I-ambn A\p- -hn-°m≥

Ignbpw. F∂m¬ ssZh-Øns‚ \nXy-amb Ir]-bn¬

XpS-cp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂Xv hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p amX-am-Wv.

ssZh-Øns‚ Ir]-bn¬ \n∂v \o°-s∏-Sp∂ A]-I-S-

I-c-amb A\p- hw D≠m-Ip∂Xv Ahn-izm-k-Øm-emWv

(hmIyw 20). A\p-K-l-Øns‚ ÿm\-Øp-\n∂v HSn®p

I-f-b-s∏-SpI F∂-Xn\v Xmev°m-enI A\p-K-l-amb

InkvXo-b -\n¿t±-i-ß-fn¬ \n∂v \o°-s∏-SpI Ft∂m,

kXyw a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bmsX A‘-X-bn¬ XpS-

cpI Ft∂m A¿∞-am-°mw. CXv c£ \jv-s∏-Sp-


226

Ib√m, ]ns∂tbm c£sbsb°pdn®v DXv°WvT

Dfhm°p∂p. hniz-kn-°mØ PmXn-Iƒ ITn-\cm-Ip-

∂p. AXm-bXv, kXy-tØmSv A‘-\m-Ip∂p Hcn-°epw

hniz-kn-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂n√, F∂Xn\m¬ c£-sb-°p-

dn®v Hcp ]Xo-£bpw C√

d. D]-kwlmcw

tdma¿ 11-:11 -- 32 hsc-bp≈ hmIy-ßƒ \nXy-amb kpc-

£-s°-Xn-cmb Bi-b-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°p-hm≥ ]mSn√.

Hen-hp-a-c-Øn¬ \n∂v H-Sn-®p-I-f™ imJ-Iƒ, ssZh-

Øns‚ A\p-Klw e`n-°msX t]mb Ahn-izm-kn-

Ifpw Ahn-izm-k-Øm¬ I-Tn-\-am-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cp-amWv

s]mXp-hmb Ir] F√m PmXn-Iƒ°pw e`y-am-Wv.

F∂m¬ \n-Xy-Xbv°p th≠n-bp≈ ssZhIr]bn ¬

XpS-cp-∂Xv. hnizm-k-ap-≈-h¿ amX-amWv (hmIyw 20)

ÿnc-amb A\p-K-lw hnizm-k-Øm¬ e`n-°p-∂p.

PmXn-Iƒ°v blq-Z-∑m-sc-°mƒ ta∑ D≈-Xp-sIm-≠√

Xm-\pw.

7. 1 sImcn. 6: 9˛10 (Kem. 5:19˛21 Fs^. 5:5 t\m°pI).

Cu hnjbw Cu A≤ym-b-Øns‚ `mKw 5˛¬ N¿®

sNbvXn- p-≈-Xm-Wv. icn-bmb c£ k¬]-hrØnIƒ

°v Imc-W-am-Ip-∂p. ]›m-Øm-]tam, am\-km-¥-ctam

C√msX ]m]-Øn¬ XpS-cp∂ ""]cnNbw'' B hy‡n

Hcn-°epw c£n-°-s∏´ Bf√ F∂v ]utem-kns‚

hm°p-Iƒ kqNn∏n°p∂p. InkvXym-\n-Iƒ Xo¿®-

bmbpw GsX-¶nepw ]m]-ßfpsS H‰-s∏´ CS-s]-S-en\v

km≤y-X-bp-≈-h-cmWv. F∂m¬ ]Xn-hmbn sNøp-∂-

]m-]w, c£-bp-ambn HØp-tN¿∂p t]mIp-∂-X-√. ]m]-

Øn¬ XpS-cp∂ A\p- -h-Øn\v ssZh-Øns‚ \n¿h-

N\w F¥m-sW∂v \ap-°-dn-bn-√. F∂m¬ Cu ap∂-

dn-bn-∏p-Iƒ Zo¿L-Ime ]m]-ß-fn¬ Xp-Scp∂h¿

°p≈ hy‡n-]-c-amb ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-I-fmbn a\- n-em-

°mw. Cß-s\-bp-≈-h¿ b-Ym¿∞-ambn InkvXp-hn¬

hniz-kn-°p-∂pt≠m F∂v Xß-sf-Øs∂ ]cn-tim-

[n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. a‰p-≈-hsc hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂-Xn-t\m-

Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ hnizm-k-ap-≈-h-cpsS s]cp-am-‰-

Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ amXw Ah-cpsS c£

]q¿Æ-ambn \ntj-[n-°p-hm≥ ]mSn-√. F∂m¬

]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn ]m]-Øn¬ XpS-cp∂ Hcp hy‡n

bYm¿∞ hnizmkn Bbn-cn-°n√. Aß-s\-bp≈

ÿm\Øv InkvXob ]h¿Ø-I≥ Ir]-bpsS kphn-

tijw Bh¿Øn®v shfn-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv. apI-fn¬

]d™ hnj-b-Øn¬ N¿® sN-ø-s∏-Sp-∂Xv c£

\jvS-s∏-Sp∂ Imcyw A√. ChnsS Hcp hy‡n°v Hcn-

°epw c£ e`n-®n- n-√ F∂ ]mtbmKnI sXfn-hmWv

]cm-a¿in-°p∂-Xv.

8. 1 sImcn. 9:24˛27

H´-°-f-Øn¬ HmSp-∂-h¿ F√m-hcpw HmSp∂p

F¶nepw Hcp-ht\ hncpXp ]m]n-°p-∂p≈q

F∂p Adn-bp-∂n√tbm? \nßfpw ]m]n-∏m-≥X-

°-hÆw HmSp-hn≥. A¶w s]mcp-Xp-∂-h≥

Hs°bpw kI-e-Ønepw h¿÷\w BN-cn-

°p∂p. AtXm, Ah¿ hmSp∂ Inco-Shpw

\mtam hmSm-ØXpw ]m]n-t°-≠-Xn\p Xs∂.

BI-bm¬ Rm≥ \n›-b-an-√mØhÆ-a√ HmSp-

∂Xv; BIm-isØ IpØp-∂-Xp-t]mseb√

Rm≥ apjvSn-bp≤w sNøp-∂-Xp. a‰p-≈-h-tcmSp

]kw-Kn-®-tijw Rm≥ Xs∂ sIm≈-cp-XmØ

h\mbn t]mIm-Xn-cn-t°-≠-Xn\v Fs‚ ico-

csØ ZWvUn-∏n®p ASn-a-bm-°p-I-bsX sNøp-

∂Xv (1 sImcn. 9:24˛27).

ChnsS ]utem-kns‚ hnjbw c£-b-√. c£ Hcn-

°epw am\p-jnI A≤zm-\-Øn-eqsS e`n-°p-∂-X-√. Hcp

Hm´-°m-cs\ k¶-ev]n-®p-sIm-≠v, InkvXp-hns‚

\ymbm-k-\-Øn\v apºmsI hnizm-kn°p e`n-°p∂

]Xn- -e-ß-sf-°p-dn®p hy‡-am-°p-∂p. hmIyw 27- ¬

]cm-a¿in-°p∂ Atbm-Ky-X, c£ \jvSs∏-Sp∂ hnj-

b-a√. ]m]w\n-anØw ipiq-j-bn¬ \n∂v Atbm-KyX

Iev]n-°p∂ hnj-b-am-Wv ]utemkv Hm¿Ωn∏n-°p-

∂Xv. ]q¿Æ-ambn ]Xn- ew ]m]n-°p-∂-Xn\v Atbm-

KyX kw -hn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ ITn-\-ambn ]b-Xv\n-

°p-∂p (]Xn- ew \jv-S-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v Nne ]cm-a¿i-

ßƒ sImsem. 2:18; 2 tbml. 8; shfn. 3:11).

9. 1 sImcn. 11:28- 29

a\p-jy≥ Xs∂-Øm≥ tim[\ sNbvXn-´p-

thWw Cu A∏w Xn∂p-Ibpw ]m\-]m-X-Øn¬

\n∂v IpSn-°p-Ibpw sNbvhm≥. Xn∂p-Ibpw

IpSn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h≥ ico-csØ hnth-

Nn-°m-™m¬ X\n°p in£m-hn[n Xn∂p-Ibpw

IpSn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p... hn[-n°-s∏-Sp∂p

F¶ntem \mw temI-tØm-Sp-IqsS in£m-hn-[n-

bn¬ AI-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-t°-≠-Xn\p I¿Ømhp

\sΩ _me-in£ Ign -°-bm -Ip∂p

(1 sImcn. 11:28, 29, 32).

Xncp-h-ØmgsØ ]cm-a¿in-°p∂ Cu `mKw Nn¥m-

°p-g-∏-Øn\v Imc-W-am-Ip-∂n-√. KJV bn¬ Xo¿®-

bmbpw hmIyw 29-˛¬ ]d-bp∂ in£m-hn[n F∂

hm°mWv Nn¥m-°p-g-∏-Øn\v Imc-Ww. F∂m¬,

sImcn-¥y-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°p≈ \ymb-hn[n temI-Øn\v

e`n-°p∂ in£m-hn-[n-bn¬ \n∂v hyXy-kvX-am-sW∂v

ap∂-dn-bn-∏p \evIp-∂p. Chn-SpsØ ap∂dnbn∏p


227

\nXyamb in£m-hn-[n-b-√. ]ns∂-tbm, _e-lo-\-X,

tcmKw, imco-cnI acWw XpSßn Cu temI-Øn¬

e`n-°p∂ XmXv°menI _mein£m-sb°p-dn-®mWv

(hmIyw 30).

10. 1 sImcn. 15:1˛2; sImsem. 1:21- 23 83

.....\nßƒ hniz-kn-®Xpw hrYmhs√∂phcn-

In¬ \nßƒ c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xpamb kphn-

tijw \nßƒ ]nSn-®p-sIm-≠m¬ Rm≥ C∂-

hn[w \nß-tfmSp kphn-ti-jn-®n-cn-°p∂p F∂p

\nßsf Hm¿∏n-°p∂p (1 sImcn. 15:2).

BIm-i-Øn-≥ Iosg kI-ekr-jvSn-I-fp-sSbpw

CS-bn¬ tLmjn®pw ]utemkv F∂ Rm≥

ipiq-j-I-\m-bn-Øo¿∂pw \nßƒ tI´n-cn-°p∂

kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ ]Xym-i-bn¬ \n∂p \nßƒ

Cf-ImsX ASn-ÿm-\-s∏- -hcpw ÿnc-X-bp-≈-

h-cp-ambn hnizm-k-Øn¬ \ne-\n-∂p-sIm-≠m¬

Aßs\ Ahs‚ apºn¬ \nev°pw

(sIm-sem. 1:23).

hN\w Hm¿∏n-°p∂Xv hn-izm-k-Øn¬ XpS-cp-∂-h¿,

Xß-fpsS `ZXsb°pdn®v Dd-∏p-≈-h-cm-sW∂mWv

ssZhw hN-\-ØneqsS hnizm-kn-I-tfmSv Bh-iy-s∏-

Sp-∂-Xv, hnizm-k-Øn¬ XpS-cp-hm\pw Aßs\ c£-

bn¬ \ne\n-ev°p-hm\pw BWv.

bYm¿∞ hnizm-k-ap-≈-h¿°v kwi-b-ß-fp-≠m-Imw.

A\p-k-c-W-t°Sv ImWn-°mw, hm°p-I-fm¬ h√-

t∏mgpw InkvXym-\n-XzsØ a‰p-≈-h-tcmSv \ntj-[n-

s®∂pw hcmw. F∂m¬ Hcp bYm¿∞ hnizmkn

ssZh-Xzhpw Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂∏v, Bflm¿∞-ambn

tbipInkvXphns‚ c‡w F∂nh kz¥w lrZbØn

tem ]nXmhmb ssZhtØmtSm \ntj-[n-°p-I-bn√. -

tbml. 10:4˛5˛¬ tbip ]d-bp-∂p... ""BSp-Iƒ Ah

s‚ i_vZw Adn™p Ahs\ A\p-K-an-°p∂p. A\y-

∑m-cpsS i_vZw Adn-bm-bvI-sIm≠v Ah A\ys\

A\p-K-an-°msX hn´p- HmSn-t∏m-Ipw.'' InkvXp-hn-s\bpw

Ahs‚ Iqin-s\bpw \nc-kn-°p-∂-h¿, Hcn-°epw

c£n-°-s∏- -h-c√ F∂v H∂m-a-Xmbn 1 tbml. 2:19

\sΩ Hm¿∏n-°p-∂p. ""Ah≥ \ΩpsS CS-bn¬ \n∂p

]pd-s∏´p F¶nepw \ap-°p-≈-h¿ Bbn-cp-∂n√; Ah¿

\ap-°p-≈-h¿ Bbn-cp∂p F¶n¬ \tΩm-Sp-IqsS

]m¿°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ F√m-hcpw \ap-°p-≈-h-

c√ F∂p ]kn-≤-am-tI≠-Xt√m''. bYm¿∞ hnizm-

kn-Iƒ Ft∏mgpw hniz-kn-°p-∂p. c£ F∂Xv Hcp

`qX-Ime kw -h-am-bn- m-sW-¶nepw (D-Zm. Fs^. 2:8,9;

XosØm. 3:5; c≠pw Ko°n¬ `qX-Im-e-Øn¬)

hnizmkw Ft∏mgpw ss__n-fn¬ ]cm-a¿in-®n-cn-°p-

∂Xp h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-Øn-emWv (D-Zm. tbml. 3:16)...

""Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ Gh\pw \in-®p-t]m-

ImsX...'' bYm¿∞ hnizm-kn-Isf ssZhw hnizm-k-

Øn¬ \ne-\n¿Øp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Ah¿ Ft∏mgpw

hniz-kn-°p∂p.

hngmX-hÆw \nßsf kq£n®p Xs‚ aln-am-

k-∂n-[n-bn¬ If-¶-an-√m-Ø-h-cmbn B\-µ-

tØmsS \ndp -Øp-hm≥ i‡n-bp -≈-h\p

(bqZ. 24).

A¥y-Im-e-Øn¬ sh-fn-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Hcp-ßn-bn-cn-

°p∂ c£bv°p hnizm-k-Øm¬ ssZh-i-‡n-

bn¬ Im°-s∏-Sp∂ \nßƒ°p-th≠n kz¿§-

Øn¬ kq£n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xpw £bw, amen-\yw,

hm´w F∂nh C√m-Ø-Xp-amb AhIm-i-Øn-

∂mbnØs∂ ho≠pw P\n-∏n -®n -cn -°p∂p

(1 ]sXm. 1:4˛5). 84

ss__n-fn¬ ""hnizm-k-Øn¬ kq£n-°-s∏-SpI'' F∂

ap∂-dn-bn∏v ÿnc-X-bn-√mbva F∂ A¿∞-Øn√ D]-

tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ bYm¿∞-

Øn¬ hnizmkw ImØp-kq-£n-°p-∂-h-cm-sW∂v


83 eqt°m. 9:62 Cu Iq -Øn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Ømtam F∂-dn-bm≥ ]bm-k-am-Wv. tbip ]d-bp-∂Xv: ""]nt∂m-´p-t\m-°p∂'' injy≥ ssZh-Øns‚ Ir]bpw A\p-K-l-ßfpwe`n-°p-hm≥ A¿l-X-bn-√mØh\m-sW-∂m-Wv. F∂m¬c£-bn√ F∂p ]d-bp-∂n-√. Aß-s\-bp≈ hy‡n ipiq-jbv°v tbmPn-®-h-\-√. F∂m¬ Cu `mKw c£-bm-Wv,InkvXobPohn-X-a√ ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ eqt°m. 9:62 InkvXp-hns\ \nc-kn-°p∂ Hcmƒ°v Hcn-°epw c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√-sb∂v ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p(1 sImcn. 15:1˛2; sImsem. 1:21˛23). Hcp hy‡n ImgvN-bm¬ tbip-hns\ A\p-K-an-°p-I-tbm, InkvXob ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-Itbm sNøpIbpw Iqins\ \nc-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂psh¶n¬ Ah\v _p≤n-]-c-amb hnizm-ktam hnIm-c]camb hnizm-ktam D≠m-Imw. F∂m¬tbip-hns\ Hcn-°epw hniz-kn-®n-´n -√. (t\m-°p-I.-A≤ymbw 9, `mKw 2 ""c£ ]mtbm-KnIw'' II. B JWvUw2. _p≤n-]-c-amb, hnIm-c-]-c-amb hnizmkw hni-Zo-I-c-Ww).

84 1 ]sXm. 1:5 se hnizmkw `qX-Imehnizm-k-amtWmF∂v ]sXmkv hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂n-√. AXm-bXv, c£bv°vapJm-¥-c-amb BZy hnizm-ktam AtXm h¿Ø-am\ Ime-Øn¬ XpS-cp∂ hnizm-ktam. \nXy-amb `ZXsb apdpsI∏nSn-°p-∂-h¿, 5˛mw hmIy-Ønse hnizm-k-sØ, `qX-Im-e-Ønse hnizm-k-Øns‚ Bcw- -ambn ImWp∂p InkvXp-hn-ep≈ BZy-hn-izm-kw, ssZhnI kpc-£n-X-Xzhpw kz¿§-Øns‚ Ah-Im-ihpw \evIp-∂p. F∂m¬ a‰p-Nn-e¿ 5˛mwhmIy-Ønse hnizm-ksØ XpS-cp∂ hnizm-k-ambn ImWp-∂p. Hcp hy‡n°v Cu hnizmkw D≈n-S-tØmfw Imew,kz¿§-Øn¬ Ah-\p≈ ÿm\w ssZh-Øns‚ c£-bpsSIcp-X-embn Dd-∏n-°mw. F√m \ne-bnepw \ymb-ambn Nn¥n-®m¬ 1 ]sXm. 1:5˛¬ ]d-bp∂ hnizmkw ]m]-Øns‚

228

Nn¥n-°mw. ssZhw hnizm-kn-Isf hnizm-k-Øn¬ Im-

Øp-kq-£n-°p-∂Xv hN-\-Ønse \n¿t±-i-ß-fneq-

sSbpw ap∂-dn-bn-∏neq-sS-bp-am-Wv. bYm¿∞- hn-izm-k-

ap-≈-h¿°v XpS-cp-hm-\p≈ \n¿t±iw hnizm-k-Øn¬

\ne-\n-ev°p-hm≥ klm-b-I-c-am-Wv. Cß-s\-bp≈

\n¿t±-i-ßƒ ]mtZ-inI k`-bn-ep≈ A-hn-izm-kn-

Iƒ°v b\n¿t±-i-hp-am-bn-cn-°pw. ""XpScp-hm-\p≈'' b-

\n¿t±iw \evIp∂ ]utem-kns‚ amXr-I- ip-iq-j-

I-∑m-cpw ]n≥]-t‰≠Xp≠v. ""\nßƒ hnizm-k-Øn¬

Ccn-°p-∂pthm F∂p \nß-sf-Øt∂ ]co-£n-∏n≥''

(2 sImcn. 13:5). Xßƒ°v c£-bn-te°v \bn-°p∂

hnizmkw D≠v F∂v Nn¥n-°p∂ Nne¿°v bYm¿∞-

Øn¬ _p≤n-]-c-amb, hnIm-c-]-c-amb hnizmkw amX-

am-Wp-≈Xv (Im-Wp-I˛ A≤ymbw 9 `mKw 2 ""]mtbm-

KnI c£'' II. B JWvUw) 1 sImcn. 15:1˛2; sImsem.

1:21-˛23 F∂o `mK-ß-fn¬ ]pXn-b \n-bak`-bnse

Nne¿s°-¶nepw InkvXp-hn-ep≈ Bibw Ipd-bp∂p

F∂ ap∂-dn-bn-∏mWv \evIp-∂Xv. hnizm-k-Øn\v

Bibw F∂-Xn-\-∏p-d-ap≈ GXv \n¿h-N-\hpw \ne-

\n-ev°mØ \njv -e-amb hnizm-ksØ ImWn-°p-∂p.

Aßs\ ]utem-kns‚ ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Iƒ c£ \jvS-

s∏-Sp-sa∂v ]d™v hnizm-kn-Isf Akz-ÿ-cm-°p-

∂n√. F∂m¬ hnizmkw F∂-Xn¬ InkvXphnep≈

Bibw, InkvXp ssZh-]p-X≥, acn®v ho≠pw

Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-‰-h≥ F∂nh Dƒs°m-≈p-∂n√ F∂

D]-tZ-isØ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂-h¿°v Akz-ÿX Df-

hm-°pw. CXv c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂n-√. ]ns∂tbm

c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-Øns‚ A`m-h-Øn¬ Ah¿ c£n-

°-s∏- -htc A√.

11. Kem. 5:1˛4

kzmX-¥y-Øn-\m-bn´p InkvXp \sΩ kzX-¥-

cm°n: BI-bm¬ AXn¬ Dd-®p-\n-ev∏n≥; ASna-

\p-I-Øn¬ ]ns∂bpw IpSp-ßn-t∏m-I-cp-Xv.

\nßƒ ]cn-t—-Z\ G‰m¬ InkvXp--hn-s\-

s°m≠p \nßƒ°v Hcp ]tbm-P-\-hp-an√

F∂p ]utemkmb Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp

]dbp∂p. \ymb-]-am-W-Øm¬ \oXoI-cn-°-s∏-

Sp-hm≥ C—n-°p∂ \nßƒ InkvXp-hn-t\mSp

th¿s]-´p-t]mbn. \nßƒ Ir]-bn¬ \n∂p

hoWp-t]mbn (K-em. 5:1, 2, 4).

a. \ymb-]-am-Whpw Ir]bpw

KemXyteJ-\-Ønse ][m\ N¿®m-hn-jbw \ymb-

]-am-Ww, Ir] Ch-bn¬ GXv Xnc-s™-Sp°pw F∂p-

≈-Xm-Wv. \ymb-]-amWw A\p-k-cn-°p-∂-Xn-eq-sStbm

AtXm Ir]-bmtem a\p-jy≥ c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Kem-

Xy-te-J-\-Øn¬ ]utemkv \ym-b-]-am-W-Øn\p

]Icw Ir]-bpsS D]-tZiw ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p. (D-Zm. Kem.

2:16; 3:11). c£ Hcn-°epw k¬]-hr-Øn-bm¬ t\Sp-

hm≥ Ign-I-bn-s√∂v At\I hmIy-ßƒ sXfn-hmbn

\evIp∂p (A-≤ymbw 9 `mKw 2. ""]mtbm-KnI c£''

JWvUw 2f. ImWp-I. c£ t\Sp-hm≥ hniz-kn-°p-

Ibpw ]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNøpI'). c£ t\Sp-hm-

\mbn hnizm-k-tØm-sSm∏w ]hr-Ønbpw Iqń-t®¿°p-

∂Xv A£-¥-hy-am-Wv. F∂m¬ Nne InkvXym-\n-

Iƒ ]pXnb \nba Ime-Øns‚ Bcw`w apX¬ CXp-

h-scbpw sX‰n-≤-cn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. At\-I¿ hnizm-

khpw ]hr-Ønbpw Iqń-°-e¿Øp-hm≥ ian-°p-∂p.

hnizmkw amXw c£n-°p∂p. ]hrØn H∂pw Iqń-

t®¿°p-∂n√. Hcp hy‡n k¬]-hr-Øn-I-fntem aXm-

Nm-c-ß-fntem Bi-bn-°p-tºmƒ Ah≥ Xo¿®-bmbpw

c£n-°-s∏-´-h-\-√. F∂m¬ hnizm-khpw ]hr-

Ønbpw, \ymb]am-Whpw Ir]bpw Iqń-°-e¿Øp∂

Hcp hy‡n-bpsS Bflo-b-\n-e-hmcw Fßs\ hne-

bn-cp-Øp-hm≥ Ignbpw? aXm-Nm-c-ßƒs°-Xn-sc-bp≈

Bi-b-ßƒ a\p-jys\ Nn¥m-°p-g-∏-Øn-te°v \bn-

°p∂p. c£-bv°p-th-≠n, Htc kabw InkvXp-hnepw

\ymb-]-am-W-Ønepw Bi-bn-°p-∂Xv sX‰mWv.

F∂m¬ hfscbmfp-Iƒ sX‰mb coXn Ah-ew-_n-

°p-∂p.

AXp-t]m-se, e£-°-W-°n-\m-fp-Iƒ Ah-cpsS

k¬]-hr-Øn-I-fntem aX-Øntem Bi-bn-°p-∂p.

InkvXp-hn¬ icn-bmb hnizmkw C√-Xm-\pw. Ah¿°v

InkvXob kwL-S-\-I-fp-ambpw BNmcßfpambpw

hfsc ASpØ _‘-aps≠-¶nepw c£n-°-s∏- -h-c√.

F∂n-cp-∂mepw, At∏m. 15:5˛¬ ""hniz-kn® Hcp ]co-

-i≥'' c£bv°v ]cn-t—-Z-\bpw \ymb-]-am-Whpw Bh-

iy-am-sW∂v \n¿_‘w ]nSn-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v Hcp

km[m-cW hnizmkn c£-bv°p≈ ASn-ÿm\w

kw_-‘n®v Nn¥m-°p-g-∏-Øn-em-°p-∂p. hnizm-kn-

Iƒt]mepw sX‰mb ]Tn-∏n-°-ep-Iƒ \nanØw sX‰n-

t∏m-Ip-∂p. KemXyteJ\-Ønse ]utem-kns‚


km∂n-≤y-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ `mhn-Ime c£sb ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p. ]m]-Øns‚ in£-bn¬ \n∂p≈ `qX-Ime c£-b-√, AXp-sIm≠v 5˛mw hmIy-Ønse hnizm-kw, InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-Øns‚ qX-Im-e-kw- hw A√, ]ns∂tbmInkvXob Pohn-X-Ønse XpS-cp∂ hnizm-k-am-Wv. 1 ]sXm.1:4˛5hm-Iy-ß-fn-te°v hcp-tºmƒ \nXy-amb ZXbn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ Hcmƒ°v Cu hnizmkw XpS-cp∂ hnizm-k-am-sW∂v a\- n-em-°mw. Hcp hnizm-kn, hnizm-k-Øn¬XpScpw F∂-Xn\v kwi-b-an-√. 1 ]sXm. 1: 4˛5 ¬ ssZh-Øns‚ i‡n hnizm-kn-Isf hnizm-k-Øn¬ ImØp-kq-£n-°p∂p F∂v A¿∞-am-Imw \¬Ip∂Xv.

229

FgpØp-I-fn¬ c£n-°-s∏-´-h¿t]mepw Ir]-bpsS

icn-bmb D]-tZ-i-Øn¬ \n∂v hoWp-t]m-Imw F∂v

`b-s∏-Sp-∂p. c£bv°v \ymb-]-amWw BN-cn-°-W-

sa∂v Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿ c£n-°-s∏- -h-tcm, c£n-°-

s∏-Sm-Ø-htcm (I≈ ktlm-Z-c-∑m¿ Kem. 2:4) BImw.

sX‰mb Bi-b-ßƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-h¿°v InkvXp-hn-

ep≈ hnizmkw Dt≠m F∂p-≈Xv ssZhw amXw

Adn-bp∂p (2 Xnsam. 2:19). Hcp hy‡n c£-bv°p-

th≠n Xs‚ k¬]-hr-Øn-bn-emtWm k -bn-emtWm

Bi-bn-°p-∂-sX∂v ssZh-Øn\v Adn-bmw. F∂m¬

Hcp hy‡n°v Dd-∏n-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬, c£ `Z-am-°p-∂-

Xn-\p-th≠n Bh-iy-an-√mØ ]e Imcy-ßfpw sNbvXp-

Iq-´p-tºmƒ Ah-\n¬ _e-lo\hnizmkw Dt≠m

F∂p-f-fXpw Xocp-am-\n-°p-∂Xv ssZh-am-Wv. Ah¿

c£n-°-s∏- -h-sc-¶nepw c£ t\Sp-hm-\mbn A[n-I-

am-b-amb Nne ]hr-Øn-Ifpw hnizm-k-tØmSp

tN¿°p∂p. Ah¿ Hcp ap≥I-cp-X-embn \ymb

]amWw A\p-k-cn-°p-∂p. Xo¿®-bmbpw Cßs\ _e-

lo\ hnizm-k-ap≈ Nne¿ c£ Ir]-bm¬ amX-am-

sW∂pw Pohn-X-Øn¬ Bh-iy-an-√mØ BImw£

sIm≠p \S∂p F∂pw Hm¿Øv Hcn-°¬ A¤p-X-s∏-

Spw. c£bv°v kz¥w k¬]-hr-Øn-Ifpw Bh-iy-am-

sW∂v Nn¥n-°p∂ Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°p≈ ktµiw

KemXyteJ\Ønep≠v. F¶nepw CXns‚ tIgvhn-

°m¿ c£n-°-s∏- -h-cm-Wv. Kem. 5˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬

]utemkv Hm¿Ωn∏n-°p-∂Xv \ymb-]-am-W-Øn¬

\n∂v e`n® kzmX-¥y-Øn¬ XpS-cp-hm-\m-Wv. Ir]-

bn¬ XpS-cp-hm\pw Ir]-bn¬ A[n-jvTn-X-amb Pohn-

X-ssien XpS-cp-hm-\pw, Ir]-bpsS D]-tZ-i-Øn¬

\n∂p hoWp-t]m-ImsX, Ir]-bn¬ A[n-jvTn-X-amb

InkvXob PohnXw \bn-°p-hm\pw ]utemkv BK-

ln-°p-∂p.

b. Cu Pohn-X-Øn¬ Hcp ]tbm-P-\-hp-an√ (K-em. 5:2).

I¿Øm-hmb tbip-hn¬ hniz-kn® hnizm-kn-Iƒ c£

t\Sp-hm\pw c£-bn¬ XpS-cp-hm\pw \ymb-]-am-Whpw

A\p-k-cn-°-W-sa∂ Bibw sIm≠p-h-cp-tºmƒ

F¥v kw -hn-°p∂p? Ah¿°v c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp-sa∂v

ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Iƒ \evIp-∂-Xmbn a\- n-em-Ip-∂n-√?

F∂m¬ \ymb-]-am-Whpw Ir]bpw Iqń-°-e¿Øp-

∂-h¿°v AXv Cu Pohn-X-Øn¬ amX-ap-≈-Xm-I-

bm¬ InkvXp-hn-ep≈ F√m \∑bpw \jvS-s∏-Sp-

∂p. Ir]-bpsS D]-tZiw \nc-kn-°p-∂-h¿°v \nXy

-Po-h≥ \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂n-√. F∂m¬ InkvXob PohnXw

\bn°phm\p≈ Bflo-b-k-Xy-ßƒ \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂p.

]h¿Øn-°p-hm≥ \n¿t±-in-°p∂ imkvXw Dd-∏n-

√m-bva-bn-te°v \bn-°p-∂p. `b-am-Wv, \µn-b√

]hr-Øn-bn-te°v \bn-°p-∂Xv. ]hr-Øn-bn-√msX

c£ kwi-b-Icam-sW∂v hnNm-cn-°p∂ Hcp hy‡n°v

ssZh-Øns‚ hyh-ÿ-I-fn -√mØ kvt\lhpw

Ir]bpw A\p-`-hn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂n-√, bYm¿∞

InkvXym-\n-Xz-Øns‚ \∑ A\p- -hn-°p-hm\pw Ign-

bp-∂n-√. \ymb]am-W-ØneqsS-b√ InkvXp Cu

kwK-Xn-Iƒ ]mh¿-Øn-I-am°p∂Xv. \ymb-]-am-Whpw

Ir]bpw Iqń-°-e¿Øn Hcp bYm¿∞ InkvXob

PohnXw \bn-°p-hm≥ Ign-I-bn-√. \ymb-]-amWw Ir]-

tbm-Sp-IqsS tN¿°p-hm≥ ian-°p∂ hnizm-kn-Iƒ

]pXn-b-\n-baw A\pim-kn-°p∂ Hcp-In-kvXob

PohnXw b-Ym¿∞-Øn¬ \bn-°p-∂n-√. Kem. 5:2˛¬

]utemkv ]d-bp-∂-Xv, \ymb-]-am-Whpw Ir]bpw Iqń-

°-e¿Øp∂-h¿°v InkvXp-hn-s\-s°m≠v Hcp ]tbm-

P-\-hp-an√ F∂m-Wv. Ah¿°v \nXy-amb Poh≥ \jvS-

s∏-Sp-sa-∂√, Cu temI-Øn¬ InkvXob Pohn-X-Øn-

\p≈ F√m \∑-Ifpw \jvS-s∏Spw F∂v A¿∞-am-

°p∂p. Kem. 5:4˛¬ hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p≈ i‡-amb

Hcp ap∂-dn-bn∏v \evIp-∂p(K-em-Xy¿ hnizm-kn-I-fm-bn-

cp-∂p. Kem. 5: 1). Ah¿ ssZhIr-]-bn¬ \n∂v hoWp-

t]mbn F∂m-Wv).

c. InkvXp-hn-t\mSp th¿s]- p-t]mbn (K-em. 5:4).

Kem. 5:4˛¬ ""Ir]-bn¬ \n∂v hoWp-t]mbn'' F∂

]tbmKw c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp∂ Imcy-a√ ]d-bp-∂-Xv.

\ymb-]-am-W-Øns‚ \pI-Øn≥ Iogn-te°v Xß-sf-

Øs∂ Gev∏n-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-h¿ Ir]-bpsS D]-tZ-

i-Øn¬ \n∂v hoWp-t]mbn. Ir]-bn¬ A[n-jvTn-X-

am-b, InkvXp-hp-am-bp≈ _‘hpw ImgvN-∏mSpw \jvS-

am-Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. InkvXp-hn-t\mSv th¿s]-´p-

t]mbn F∂-Xn-\v, Ir]-bn¬ \n∂pw, AXn-\m¬ cq]-

s∏´ InkvXo-b -Po-hn-X-Øn¬ \n∂pw hoWp-t]m-

b-h¿ InkvXp-hp-am-bp≈ Iq´mbvam_‘Øn¬

\n∂pw th¿s]´p t]mbn F∂¿∞w. InkvXob

Pohn-X-Øn-\p≈ bYm¿∞ ]mX Dt]-£n®v hN-\-]-

Im-c-a-√m-ØXpw ssZhw D]-tbm-Kn-°m-Ø-Xp-amb

]mXbn¬ k©-cn-°p-tºmƒ InkvXobhf¿®bv°pw

tkh-\-Øn-\p-ap≈ km≤y-X-I-fn¬ \n∂v th¿s]´p

t]mIp-I-bm-Wv. Ir]-tbm-Sp-IqsS ]hr-Ønbpw

Iqńt®¿°phm≥ i-an-°p-tºmgpw B hy‡n°v c£n-

°-s∏-´-h-\m-bn-cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. F∂m¬ B

hy‡n°v bYm¿∞ InkvXob PohnXw A\p- -h-am-

°p-hm≥ Ign-I-bn-√. IqSm-sX, B \ne-bn-ep≈

sX‰mb D]-tZiw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-h¿ a‰p-≈-h-tcmSv

ipiq-jn-°p-hm≥ ]q¿Æ-ambpw Atbm-Ky-cm-Wv.

ssZhimkvX]Imcw CXv A[m¿Ωn-I-]-hr-Øn°p

Xpey-amWv. Ah-cpsS sX‰n-\m¬ a‰p-≈-h¿°v

Bflobambn tZmjw sNøp∂p. Iq´mbvabn¬ \n∂pw


230

bYm¿∞ ipiq-j-bn¬ \n∂pw th¿s]-´p-t]mbn

F∂-Xn\v InkvXob ipiq -j-bn¬ \n∂pw

]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw th¿s]´pt]mbn F∂pw

Nn¥n-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. InkvXphpw InkvXp-hns‚

Bflmhpw Ir]-bm-emWv \Ωn¬ ]hrØn°p∂Xv.

adn®v \ymb-]-am-W-Øn-e-[n-jvTn-X-a-√. hnizm-k-tØm-

Sp-IqsS ]hr-Ønbpw Iq´nt®¿°p-∂-h¿, InkvXp

Ahsc \bn-°p-hm-\m-K-ln-°p∂ GIhgn-bn¬

\n∂pw Xs∂-Øm≥ th¿s]- p-t]m-bn.

d. D]-kw-lm-cw Kem. 5:1˛4

Kem. 5:1˛4 hsc-bp≈ hmIy-ßƒ \nXy-amb

`ZXbv°p≈ Dd-∏mbn ]cn-K-Wn°mw. \nXy-Po-h≥

\jvS-s∏-Sp-sa∂ Hcp `b-\n¿t±iw ]utemkv \evIp-

∂n√. F¥m-bmepw, Xs‚ hm°p-Iƒ Ign-bp-∂Xpw

]cp -j-am -Wv. F∂m¬ ChnsS \nXy-amb \c-

IsØ°pdn®v ]cm-a¿in-°p∂pan√. c£bv°v \ymb-

]-am-Whpw A\p-k-cn-°-W-sa∂ Ie¿∏p≈ D]-tZiw

AwKo-I-cn-°p∂ hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v InkvXp-hn¬ A[n-

jvTn-X-amb bYm¿∞ InkvXobPohnXw \bn-°p-∂Xv

apJm-¥ncw e`n-°p∂ F√m \∑-Ifpw \jvS-s∏-Sp∂p

(hmIyw2). Ir]-bpsS D]-tZ-i-Øn¬ \n∂pw AXp

apJm-¥ncw D≠m-Ip∂ InkvXo-b-Po-hnXhgn-bn¬

\n∂pw hoWp-t]m-Ip-∂-Xv InkvXp-hp-am-bp≈ Iq´m-

bva-bn¬ \n∂p X≈-s∏-Sp-I-bmWv (hmIyw 4). ssZh-

Ir-]-bpsS kXy-ßƒ hN-\-]-Im-c-ap≈ InkvXob

Pohn-X-Øn\v A\n-hm-cy-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v

CXns\ AwKo-I-cn-°mØh¿ Bflob-ip-iq-j-bn¬

\n∂pw hf¿®-bn¬ \n∂pw th¿s]-´p-t]m-Ip∂p

(hmIyw 4). Ir]sb sX‰n≤cn-°p∂h¿°v c£ \jvS-

s∏-Sp-∂n√ F¶nepw Ah¿°v InkvXobPohn--X-

Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\w \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂p. AXns‚ i‡-

am-b- A\¥-c- ew hniZoIcn°p∂Xv. ]utem-kn\v

Kem-Xy-sc-°p-dn-®p≈ Bg-ta-dnb DXvIWvTbmWv.

12. 2 Xnsam. 2:12

\mw X≈n-∏-dbpw F¶n¬ Ah≥ \sΩbpw

X≈n-∏-dbpw (2 Xnsam. 2:12).

]utemkv Xnsam-sY-tbm-knt\mSp ]d-bp∂p: ""i‡n-

s∏-SpI'' (hmIyw 1) ""IjvSw kln°'' (hmIyw 3).

XpS¿∂v in£-W-ap≈ Po-hn-X-Øn\v DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ

\evIp-∂p. ]S-bmfn (hmIyw 4), Imbn-Im-`ymkn

(hmIyw 5), Irjn-°m-c≥ (hmIyw 6).

2 Xnsam. 2:12 se ]kvXm-h\ Hcp InkvXobKoX-

Øns‚ Hcp `mK-am-Wv. Hmtcm hm°n\pw ]tXyI

hymJym\w \evIpI ]bm-k-amWv.

F∂m¬ Cu KoXw ka¿∏-W-Øn-s‚bpw A\p-k-c-

W-Øn-s‚bpw ]tbm-P-\-ßƒ Hm¿∏n-°p-∂p. "\mw'

F∂p-≈Xv hnizm-kn-Iƒ°mbn amXw ]cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-

Øn-bm¬, Cu ]kvXm-h-\-bn¬ \n∂p Xßƒ hnizm-

kn-I-fm-sW∂p AwKo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ e÷n-°p-∂-h¿°p

(2 Xnsam. 2:18). ssZhw sImSp-°p-hm≥ BK-ln® ]Xn-

-e-ßƒ \nc-kn°pw F∂v a\- n-em-°mw. CXv c£

\jvS-s∏-Sp-I-b√ ]ns∂tbm Inco-S-ßƒ, ssZh-cm-Py-

Ønse D∂-X-]-Z-hn, tXP-kv°-cn-°-s∏´ ico-c-Ønse

D∂-X-amb alXzw F∂nh \jvS-s∏Spw (1 sImcn.

3:15; sImsem. 2:18; 1 tbml. 2:28; 2 tbml. 8; shfn.

3:11 ImWp-I). InkvXp-hns‚ \ymbm-k-\-Øn\p-ap-ºn¬

hnizm-kn°v ]Xn- ew \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂-Xns\ hni-am-Z-

am-°p-∂p). bYm¿∞-Øn¬, ]Xn-^-e-ßƒ \nc-kn-

®mepw hnizm-kn-bpsS c£- `-Z-am-sW∂v ASpØ

]kvXm-h-\-bn¬ Dd-∏m-°p-∂p.""\mw Ahn-iz-kvX-cm-

bn-Øo¿∂mepw Ah≥ hniz-kvX-\mbn ]m¿°p∂p

(2 Xnsam. 2:13).

2 Xnsam. 2:12 se ""\mw' F∂Xv hnizm-k-Iƒ°mbn

amXw ]cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-ØmsX, s]mXp-hmbn F√m-h-

scbpw Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bm¬ as‰mcp hymJym\w ImWp-

hm≥ Ign-bpw. Xß-fpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ InkvXp-hns\

c£n-Xm-hmbn AwKo-I-cn-°m-Ø-hsc (In-kvXp-hn¬

hniz-kn-°p-∂n-√) `mhn \ymb-hn-[n-bn¬ I¿Ømhv

Ahsc \nc-kn°pw (a-Øm. 7:22˛23 ImWp-I) ASpØ

hmIy-Øn¬ (hmIyw 13) A-hn-iz-kvX-cm-b-h¿ (A-hn-

izm-kn-Iƒ) \nXy-amb \ymb-hn-[nsb A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-

t°-≠n-h-cpw. ssZhw Xs‚ \oXn-tbmSpw \mi-sØ-

°p-dn-®p≈ ap∂-dn-bn-∏n-t\mSpw hnizkvXX ]men-°pw.

H∂m-asØ Bibw hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v IjvSX A\p- -

hn-°p-hm-\p≈ ]tNm-Z\w \evIp-∂p. \mw A\p-k-cn-

°p-∂n-√m--sb-¶n¬ \ap-°p≈ ]Xn-^ew \nc-kn-°-

s∏Spw. F∂m¬ c≠m-asØ Bibw 9, 10 hmIy-ß-

fnse Bi-btØmSv tbmPn-°p-∂p. (I-jvSX kln-

°p-∂-h¿°v c£bpw \nXy-tX-P pw e`n-°p-∂p).

Xo¿®-bmbpw 2 Xnsam.2: 11˛12˛¬ c£n-°-s∏´h¿°v

Poh\pw ]Xn- -ehpw e`n-°p∂p F∂v Hm¿∏n-°p-∂p.

2 Xnsam. 2:12˛13 ¬, InkvXp-hns\ c£n-Xm-hmbn

AwKo-I-cn-°m-Ø-h-scbpw AhnizkvXscbpw (A-hn-

izm-kn-I-sf) kqNn-∏n-°p∂p. Ah¿°p \nXy-tX-P pw

c£bpw \ntj-[n-°-s∏-Spw. GXv \ne-bn¬ Cu hmIyw

a\- n-em-°n-bmepw, hnizm-kn-bpsS c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp-

∂n√ F∂ D]-tZ-isØ km[q-I-cn-°p-∂p.

13. F_mbteJ-\-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Iƒ

F_mb teJ\ I¿Ømhp Xs‚ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬

A©v ap∂-dn-bn-∏pIfmWv \evIn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv 2:1˛4;


231

3:6˛4; 11 (]-tXy-I-ambn 3:6, 12, 14, 4:11); 6:4˛8; 10: 26˛31;

12:25˛29. \nXy-amb ZXsb FXn¿°p-∂-h¿ Ah-cpsS

hmZ-Øn-\mbn ImWn-°p∂ i‡-amb sXfn-hp-Iƒ

F_m. 6:4˛6; 10:26˛31 Ch-bm-Wv. F∂n-cp-∂mepw Cu

thZ-`m-K-ß-sf√mw Xs‚ \nXy-amb `ZX bp-ambn

_‘-s∏-SpØn a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. CXv hni-Zo-

I-cn -°p-∂-Xn\p apºv, F_mb teJ-\-Øns‚

bYm¿∞ hmb-\-°m¿ Bcm-sW∂v a\- n-em-t°-≠Xv

Bh-iy-am-Wv. hmb-\-°m¿ c£n-°-s∏- Xpw c£n-°-

s∏-Sm-Ø-Xp-amb Hcp-Iq´w blq-Z-∑m-cm-bn-cp-∂pthm?

Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬, \ymbw hn[n®v \c-I-Øo-bn¬

X≈p-∂-Xn\v apºmbn InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-hm≥,

c-£n-°-s∏-SmØh¿°p \evIp∂ Hcp ap∂-dn-bn-∏mbn

Cu mKw a\- n-em-°mw. CXns‚ hmb-\-°m¿ IrXy-

ambpw hnizm-kn-I-fm-sW-¶n¬, _mein£bpsS Xo-

bn¬ 85 \n∂v Hgn-hm-Ip-hm-\p≈ ap∂-dn-bn∏v \evIp-

∂p. \nXyX Dt]-£n-°p-∂-Xn\v ]I-c-ambn, hnizm-kn-

Iƒ ]q¿Æ-amb ]Xn-^ew ]m]n-°p∂Xn\pw

InkvXp-hns‚ hcp-hm≥ t]mIp∂ cmPy-Øns‚ ]¶m-

fn-I-fm-tI-≠-Xn\pw th≠n A≤zm-\n-°p-I-bmWv

th≠Xv. Cu ap∂-dn-bn∏p \evIp∂ `mK-Øns‚ icn-

bmb hymJym-\w, hmb-\-°m¿ Bcm-sW-∂p≈Xns\

Bi-bn®m-Wn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Ah¿ Ahn-izm-kn-I-fmtWm

(kp-hn-ti-j-Øns‚ ap∂-dn-bn∏v) AtXm c£n-°-s∏-

-h-cmtWm (A-hn-iz-kvX-cm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-Xn-sc-bp≈

ap∂-dn-bn-∏v) F∂-Xns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Fß-s\-

bm-sW-¶n-epw, c≠p-co-Xnbpw \nXy-amb kpc-£sb

Dd-∏m-°p∂ hymJym-\-ß-fmWv. bYm¿∞ hmb-\-°m¿

Bcm-sW∂v hy‡-am°nb-tijw Hmtcm ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-

Nn¥n-°mhp-∂-Xm-Wv.

a. F_m-bteJ\Øns‚ bYm¿∞ hmb-\-°m¿

F_mb teJ-\-Øns‚ A\p-hm-N-I¿ Xo¿®-bmbpw

blq-Z-∑m¿ Xs∂-bmWv. Ah¿ InkvXob taJ-e-bp-

ambn _‘-ap-≈-hcpw blqZ aX-Øn-te°v 86 aS-ßn-

t∏m-Ip-hm≥ t]cn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cp-amWv. Cu Xnc-

s™-Sp-∏ns\Xncmbn Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ ap∂-dn-bn∏v

\evIp-∂p. Xo¿®-bmbpw c£n-°-s∏-SmØ Nne AwK-

ßfpw ]mtZ-inIk -bn¬ D≠m-Imw. Cu ap∂-dn-bn-

∏p-Iƒ F_mbk -bn-ep≈ Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfmSv Bbn-

°qtS? Aß-s\-sb-¶n¬ InkvXp-hn¬ hnizmkw

A¿∏n-°p-hm-\p≈ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ ap∂-dn-bn-∏m-

Imw. as‰mcp Nn¥, icn-bmb hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p≈ Hcp

ap∂-dn-bn-∏m-sW-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. ]Xy-£-ambn ImWp∂

k`sb Dt]-£n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-hm\pw blq-Z-∏-≈n-I-fp-

am-bp≈ _‘-ß-fn-te°v aS-ßn-t∏m-Im-Xn-cn-°p-hm-\p-

ap≈ t]c-W-bm-bn´pw a\- n-em°mw. sX‰mb Xnc-

s™-Sp-∏n-\m¬, ssZhnI \ymb-hn-[n-bm-Ip∂ Xobm¬

tim[\ sNøs∏-Sp-Ibpw ( Cu Pohn-X-Ønse IjvS-

X-Iƒ, AXv \c-I-a-√) kz¿§-Ønse F√m ]Xn- -e-

ßfpw \jvS-s∏-SpIbpw sNøp-∂p. CXn¬ GXv ImgvN-

∏m-SmWv \√Xv?

Xnc-s™-Sp∏v AwKo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ ]bm-k-ap-f-f-Xm-Wv.

Cu ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Iƒ hnizm-kn-I-tfm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬

]cn-K-Wn-°p-hm-\mWv Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ Xmev]-cy-s∏-Sp-

∂Xv. F_mbteJ-\-Øn¬ c£-bv°p≈ \n¿h-N\w

]Tn-°p-tºmƒ CXv c£n-°-s∏- -h-tcm-Sp≈ ap∂-dn-bn-

∏m-sW∂ Bi-b-amWv \ng-en®p ImWp-∂-Xv. c£-

bv°p-ff \n¿h-N\w F¥m-sW∂mWv F_m-b-te-J-

\-°m-c≥ Hm¿∏n-°p∂Xv? ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬ Hcp `qX-

Imec£-sb-°p-dn®v ]d-bp-∂p. Hcp hnizmkn ]m]-

Øns‚ in£-bn¬ \n∂v c£n-°-s∏- -h-\mWv (`q-X-

Im-ew). F_m-b¿ Cu \n¿h-N\w AwKo-I-cn-°p-sa-

¶n¬ ap∂-dn-bn∏v kphn-ti-j]-c-am-Wv. F∂m¬ ]m]-

Øns‚ in£-bn¬ \n∂p hnSp-X¬ ]m]n®h¿°v

ss__n-fn¬ c£-bpsS Hcp `mhn-Ime hiw IqsS

]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p. mhn-bn¬ hnizm-kn-Iƒ ]m]-Øns‚

km∂n-≤y-Øn¬ \n∂pw c£n-°-s∏Spw (tdm-a. 13:11).

InkvXp-hns‚ `mhn-Ime hnSp-X¬ (c-£) Ahs‚

ho≠pw hc-hn-ep-ff A\p-K-l-ßfpw Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-

XmWv(]n-im-Nns\ ]nSn-®p-sI-´p-I, ]p\-cp-∞m\w

]m]n® ico-c-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb hni-p≤-∑m¿, ]Xn- -e-

ßƒ, ssZhcm-Py-Øn¬ A[n-Im-c-ap≈ ]Z-hn-Iƒ). 87

F√m hnizm-kn-Ifpw kz¿§-Øn¬ D≠m-bn-cn-°pw.

F∂m¬, ]Xn- -e-ß-fn¬ hyXymkw D≠v (In-co-S-

ßƒ). InkvXp-hns‚ c-W-Øn¬ A[n-Im-c-ßƒ ]¶n-

Sp-tºmƒ hyXy-kvX-]-Z-hn-Iƒ (eqt°m. 19:17, 19). ]p\-

cp-∞m\w ]m]n® ico-c-Øns‚ tXP- n\pw hyXy-

kvXX (1 sImcn. 15:41˛42). Hcp InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°pw

kz¿§-Øn-te-°p≈ ]th-i\w \ntj-[n-°p-∂n-s√-

¶nepw, ssZh-cm-Py-Øn¬ ]Z-hn-Iƒ ]¶n-Sp-∂-Xn¬

hyXym-k-ap-≠m-bn-cn°pw. F_m-b-te-J-\-Øn¬ c£

F∂Xv InkvXp-hns‚ hc-hn¬ e`n-°p∂ `mhn-Ime

hnSp-X-em-sW-¶n¬, ap∂-dn-bn∏v hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v _m[-


85 Xo F∂Xv Hcp Be-¶m-cnI hm°m-Wv. Irjn- qan Hcp-°p-hm≥ Xo I-Øn®v Aip≤nsb√mw \in-∏n-°m-dp-≠v. e-an-√mØ ]hrØn Xobn¬°qsS tim[-\-sN-øp-tºmƒhnizm -kn -bpsS ]Xn-^-e-ß-sf√mw \jvS-am -Ip∂p1 sImcn. 3:15.86ChnsS hmb-\-°m¿ blq-Z-]m-c-º-cy-Øn-te-t°m, blq-Z-∑m-cpsS a‰p hn`m-K-ß-fn-tet°m Xncn-®p-t]mbn F∂v kwi-bn-t°≠ Imcy-an√.

87Cu `mK-ß-sf√mw A≤ymbw 12- ¬ (FkvIt‰mfPnbn¬)hni-Zo-I-cn-®n-´p≠v

232

I-am-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. \nXy-X-bv°p≈ Pohn-XsØ Ah-K-

Wn-°p∂h¿°p≈ ap∂-dn-bn-∏mbn ImWp-∂p. `mhn-

Imec£-bnse A\p-K-l-ß-fpsS Afhv Ipd-bp-hm≥

Ahn-iz-kvXX Imc-W-am-Ip-∂p.

F_mb teJ\w Xo¿®-bmbpw Hcp mhn-Ime ImgvN-

∏mSv \evIp∂p. (1) ""kI-e-Øn\pw Ah-Im-in.''

F_m. 1:2, (2) ""BZy-Pm-Xs\ ]ns∂bpw `qX-e-Øn-

te°v ]th-in-∏n-°p-tºmƒ'' F_m. 1:6, (3) ""`mhn-

tem-IsØ'' F_m. 2:5, (4) ""At\Iw ]pX-∑msc

tXP- n-te°v \S-Øp-tºmƒ'' F_m. 2:10, (5) ""kz¿

§obhnfn'' F_m. 3:1, (6) ""hcp-hm-\p≈ temIw''

F_m. 6:5, (7) ""\mƒ kao-]n-°p∂p'' F_m. 10:25

CXnepw ]m[m-\y-ap≈ hnjbw F∂p-≈-Xv, c£

F∂ hm°v Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ \n¿h-Nn-°p-∂n-S-sØ√mw

]m]-Øns‚ km∂n-≤y-Øn¬ \n∂pw im]-Øn¬

\n∂p-ap-ff mhn-bnse hnSp-X-en-s\-bmWv kqNn-∏n-°p-

∂Xv (]m-]-Øns‚ in£-bn¬ \n∂p≈ qX-Ime c£-

sb-b√ ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂-Xv).

Ah¿ Hs°bpw c£ -]m-]n-∏m-\p-≈-h-cpsS

ipiq-jbv°v Ab-bv°-s∏-Sp∂ tkh-Im-flm-°-

f-√tbm? (F-_m. 1:14).

InkvXphpw Aß-s\-Xs∂ At\-I-cpsS ]m]-

ßsf Npa-∏m≥ Hcn°¬ A¿∏n-°-s∏´p X\n-

°mbn ImØp \nev°p-∂-h-cpsS c£-bv°mbn

Ah≥ ]m]w IqSmsX c≠m-aXp ]Xy-£-

\mIpw(F_m. 9:28).

F_m-b-te-J-\-Øn¬ Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfmSp ]m]-

Øns‚ in£-bn¬ \n∂p≈ c£-bv°mbn sImSp-

°p∂ kphn-ti-j-]-c-amb ap∂-dn-bn∏v ]m[m-\y-X-

bp≈ Ah-ÿ-bn-em-Wv. CXv \nXy-amb `ZXbpsS

D]-tZiw kwc-£n-°p-∂p. F∂n-cp-∂mepw F_mb

teJ-\-Øn¬ `mhn-Ime c£tbmSp _‘-s∏´ F√m

A\p-K-l-ßfpw \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v hy‡-

amb ap∂-dn-bn∏v hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v \evIp∂p. hnizm-

kn-Iƒ InkvXp-hns‚ ho≠pw-h-chv Ah-K-Wn-®p-

sIm≠v Cu Pohn-X-Øn-\p-th≠n amXw Pohn-°m≥

]mSn-√. Aß-s\-sb-¶n¬ Ah¿°p `mhn-Ime hnSp-X-

ep-ambn (c-£) _‘-s∏´ ]e Imcy-ß-fnepw \jvS-

ap-≠m-Ipw. hnizm-kn-Iƒ ]m]-Øns‚ in£-bn¬ \n∂v

c£n-°-s∏- p-sh-¶nepw InkvXp-X-cp∂ mhn-Imec£-

bn¬ e`n-t°≠ ]Xn-^-e-ßfpw A\p-K-l-ßfpw

\jvS-s∏-Sp-hm≥ km≤y-X-bp-≠v. `uan-I-amb Ah-Im-

i-ßsfIpdn-®p≈ Hcp hni-Zo-I-cWw F_mbteJ-

\-Øn¬ ]-d-bp∂ kz¿§ob Ah-Im-i-ß-sf-°p-dn-®pff

ImgvN-∏mSv a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ klm-bn°pw. Hcp a\p-

jy\v hen-sbmcp Ah-Imiw e`n-°p-hm-\p≈ km≤yX

Ds≠-∂n-cn-°-s´. Ah\v `mhn-bn¬ e`n-°m-hp∂ ]¶v

a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-Xn¬ IqSp-X-em-Wv. Ncn-X-Ønse

GsXmcp a\p-jy\v e`n-°m-hp-∂-Xn-e-[nIw t\Sn-sb-

Sp-°p-hm-\mbn ImØn-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ Ahs‚ D]-

Im-cn-bpsS Ah-K-W-\-aqew Ah\v e`n-t°-≠n-bn-cp∂

Ah-Im-i-Øns‚ sNdn-sbmcp ]¶p amXsa e`n-®p≈q.

F∂mepw hen-sbmcp XpI Ah\v e`n®p. Hcp hn[-

Øn¬ Ah\v Ah-Imiw \jv-S-s∏- n√ F∂p ]d-bmw.

F∂m¬ as‰mcp \ne-bn¬ Nn¥n-®m¬, Ah\v e`n-

t°-≠n-bn-cp∂ Ah-Imiw ]q¿Æ-ambn e`n-°m-Xn-cp-

∂Xv Ah-\p≈ Ah-Im-i-Øn¬ \jvSw kw -hn-®-Xn\v

Xpey-am-Wv. Ah-K-W\ apJm-¥ncw Ah\v kz¥-am-

°m-am-bn-cp-∂Xv \jv-S-s∏´p.

Cu temI-Øn\v kºq¿Æ-c£ e`y-am-°p-hm-\mWv

I¿Ømhv ho≠pw hcp-∂-Xv. ]m]-Øns‚ km∂n-≤y-

Øn¬ \n∂p-ff c£ D≠mIpw (im-]-Øn¬ \n∂pw).

F√m hnizm-kn-Ifpw ]m]-Øns‚ in£-bn¬ \n∂v

\nXy-ambn c£n-°-s∏- -h-cm-Wv. F∂mepw `mhn-Ime

c£ ]¶n-Sp-∂-Xn¬ hyXykvX \ne-hmcw D≠m-bn-cn-

°pw. Hcp hnizm-kn°pw ]q¿Æ-ambn \jvSw kw -hn-

°p-I-bp-an-√. F∂mepw InkvXp-hns‚ `mhn hnSp-X-

ep-ambn _‘-s∏ v Ahn-iz-kvX-X-bp-sSbpw Ah-K-W-

\-bp-sSbpw PohnXw \bn-®-Xn-\m¬ Xßƒ°v e`n-

°m-am-bn-cp∂ apgp Ah-Im-i-ßfpw ]e hnizm-kn-

Iƒ°pw \jvS-s∏-Spw. F√m-hcpw InkvXp-hns‚

ho≠pw hc-hn¬ `mhn-Ime hnSp-X¬ ]¶p-h-bv°p-sa-

¶nepw c£-bpsS ]q¿Æ-amb A\p-Klw ]e- hn-izm-

kn-Iƒ°pw \jvS-s∏-Spw. Ah¿°v kz¥-am-°p-hm≥

Ign-bp-am-bn-cp∂ hen-sbmcp \jvS-am-bn-cn°pw. c£-

bnse Bg-ta-dnb Hcp ]¶v \jvS-s∏- -Xmbn Kln-°p-

hm≥ Ign-bpw. Hcp hnizm-kn°v \c-I-Øn-te°v t]mIp-

hm≥ Ign-bn-√. kz¿§-Øn-te-°p≈ ]th-i\w XS-b-

s∏-Sp-∂p-an-√. F∂m¬ Hcp hnizm-kn°v InkvXp-hns‚

`mhn -hn-Sp-X-en¬ e`n-°m-hp∂ ]q¿Æ Af-hn-ep≈

A\p-K-lw- \-jvS-am-Ip∂p (]-Xn-^-e-ßƒ ssZh-

cm-Py-Ønse ]Z-hn-Iƒ, ]p\-cp-∞m\w ]m]n® ico-

c-Øn-ep≈ tXP- ns‚ Afhv apX-em-b-h). mhn-Ime

c£-bn¬ e`n-°m-hp∂ hen-b -]-Xn- -e-ßƒ \jvS-

am-°p∂ coXn-bn-ep≈ Ah-K-W\mPohn-X-Øn-s\-Xn-

cmb ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Iƒ F_mbteJ-\-Øn¬ hnizm-kn-

Iƒ°v \evIp-∂p. IqSmsX Cu Pohn-X-Ønse

_mehn[nbpsS A·n-sb-°p-dn®pw \jv-s∏-Sp∂ ]Xn-

^-e-sØ-°p-dn®pap≈ hy‡-amb ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Ifpw

\evIp-∂p-≠v.

XpS¿∂v ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-\-evIp∂ Hmtcm mKhpw ]cn-tim-

[n-°mw. H∂m-asØ ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬ Cu ap∂-dn-bn∏v

kphn -ti-j-]-c -am -sW∂v hn`m -h\w sNbvXp -


233

sIm-≠p≈ hymJym-\-amWv \evIp-∂Xv (A-hn-izm-kn-

I-tfm-Sv). c≠m-asØ ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬ ap∂-dn-bn∏v hnizm-

kn-Iƒ°p-th-≠n-bm-sW∂v hn`m-h\w sNbvXp-sIm-

≠p≈ ap∂-dn-bn-∏m-Wv. ImgvN-∏mSv GXm-bn-cp-∂mepw

CXnse ][m\ kXyw \jvS-s∏-Sp-hm≥ ]mSn√. Dd-

∏p-≈Xpw \nXy-amb `ZX ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂Xpamb

CXnse kXy-ßƒ icn-bmbn a-\- n-em-°p-hm-\p≈

hgn-Iƒ D≠v.

b. H∂m-asØ ap∂-dn-bn∏v. F_m. 2:1˛4

I¿Ømhv ]d-™p-Xp-S-ßn-b-Xpw... tI´-h¿

\ap°p Dd-∏n-®p-X-∂-Xp-amb CX henb c£

\mw KWy-am-°msX t]mbm¬ Fßs\ sX‰n

Hgnbpw? (F-_m. 2:3˛4).

(1) F_m-b-cn¬ c£n-°-s∏-SmØhsc A`n-kw-t_m-

[\ sNøp-∂ \nebn¬

bYm¿∞ hmb-\-°m-cn¬ Nne¿ c£n-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-h-

cm-sW∂p hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿°v Cu ap∂-dn-bn∏v kphn-

ti-j-]-c-am-Wv. kphn-ti-j-Øn\v i≤ -sIm-Sp-°pI

(F-_m. 2:1). InkvXp-hnse hnizm-k-Øn-te-°p≈

£Ww \nc-kn-®p-I-f™v Pohn-X-Øn¬ Hgp-In-t∏m-I-

cpXv (F-_m. 2:1). \ymb]amWw A\pkcn°mØh¿

in£ A\p`hn®p (F_m. 2:2). InkvXp-hn-ep≈

hnizm-k-Øm¬ e`n-°p∂ c£sb (]m-]-Øns‚

in£-bn¬ \n∂v) Ah-K-Wn-°p-∂-h¿°v \nXy-amb

in£m-hn-[n-bn¬\n∂v Hgn-™p -am-dp-hm≥ Ign-I-bn√.

(2) hnizm-kn-Isf A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNøp-∂ \nebn¬

F_mbteJ\w hnizm-kn-I-tfmSp amX-amWv

kwkm-cn-°p-∂Xp F∂p hnNm-cn-°p-∂-h¿°v, \nXy-

X-bv°p-th≠n Hcp-ßp-hm-\p-ff (Po-hn-°p-hm≥) Hcp

ap∂-dn-bn-∏m-Wn-Xv. c£ F∂Xv tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚

ho≠pw hc-hn-eq-sS-bp≈ `mhn-hn-Sp-X-ens\ ]cm-a¿in-

°p∂p. Cu ZpjvS-tem-I-]-cn-ÿn-Xn-bn¬ \n∂pw- ]m-

]-Øns‚ F√m im]-Øn¬ \n∂pw (tcm-Kw, imco-cnI

ac-Ww) Hcp mhn-ImehnSp-X¬ D≠v, ]Xn- -e-ß-fpw.

Bbn-c-am≠v hmgvN-bnepw \nXy-X-bnepw D≈ A[n-

Imcÿm\-ßfpsa√mw `mhn-Imec£-bn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-

∂-Xm-Wv. I¿Ømhv Xs‚ `mhn-Im-e-hn-Sp-X-en-s\-°p-

dn®v F¥mWv ]Tn-∏n-®-sX∂v InkvXym-\n-Iƒ hfsc

i≤m-]q¿∆w ]cn-tim-[n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv(F-_m. 2: 1 Hcp

`mhn-Ime c£). \mw D∂-X-\n-e-hm-c-Øn-ep≈ ]Xn-

-e-ßfpw ]¶p-h-bv°p-hm≥ BK-ln-°p∂p F¶n¬

Ct∏m-gsØ Pohn-X-Øn¬ Hgp-In-t∏m-Ip-hm≥ km≤y-

a√ (F-_m. 2:1). Nne hnizm-kn-Iƒ aSn-b-∑m-cpw, ]Xn-

-e-ßfpsS \ne-hm-c-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ `mhn-cm-Py-Øn-

ep≈ A[n -Im -c -sØ-°p -dn®v t_m[-hm -∑m -c -

√mØhcpamWv. Ah¿ ]m]-Øns‚ km∂n-≤y-Øn¬

\n∂pw Cu temI kwhn-[m-\-Øn¬ \n∂pw D≈ mhn-

Ime hnSp-X-ens\(c-£)°pdn®v a\- n-em-°nb Imcy-

ß-fn¬ i≤-bn-√m-Ø-h-cp-am-Wv. h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-Øn-

\p-th≠n amXw Pohn-°p-Ibpw mhn-Imec£-sb-°p-

dn-®p≈ InkvXp-hns‚ D]-tZ-i-ßsf Ah-K-Wn-°p-

Ibpw sNøp∂ hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v ChnsS in£ e`n-

°p-Ibpw Ahn-sS- ]-Xn- ew \jvS-am-Ip-Ibpw sNøpw

(hmIyw 2˛ ""\ymb-amb ]Xn- -ew''). `mhn-sb-°p-dn®v

InkvXp F¥v ]Tn-∏n-®pthm AXn\v i≤- sIm-Sp-°p-

∂-h¿ Hcn-°epw Cu Pohn-X-Øn¬ Hgp-In-t∏m-I-bn-√.

]Xn- ew ]¶n-Sp∂ \ne-hm-chpw ssZhcm-PyØnse

]Z-hn-Ifpw ]p\-cp∞m\w ]m]n® ico-c-Øns‚

tXP pw e`n-°p-hm≥ t]mIp∂ `mhn-Ime c£sb

Ah¿ Ah-K-Wn-°n-√. ]m]w \nd-™Xpw am‰-s∏-Sp-

∂-Xp-amb Cutem-I-Øn¬ 88 \n∂v \sΩ c£n-°p-

hm-\mbn InkvXp hcp-tºmƒ F√m A\p-K-l-ßfpw

]Xn-^-e-ßfpw ]q¿Æ-amb \ne-bn¬ e`n-°-Ø°

\ne-hm-c-Øn¬ Ah¿ Ct∏mƒ Pohn°pw. ""hcp-hm-

\p≈ temI-Øn¬ '' (hmIyw 5) t\ -ßƒ D≠m-I-

Ø-°-\n-e-bn¬ ChnsS \S-]-Sn-Iƒ kzoI-cn-°pw.

ss__nƒ hmbn-°p∂ Hcp InkvXym-\nsb kw_-

‘n-®n-S-tØmfw c£ `mhn-Ime ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬ ]cn-K-

Wn-°p-tºmƒ AXv Akm-[m-c-W-ambn tXm∂mw.

\ΩpsS Nn¥ ]m]-Øns‚ in£-bn¬ \n∂p≈

c£bv°v ]m[m\yw \evIp∂p. F¥m-bmepw F_m.

2:1˛4 hsc-bp-f-f- ap-∂-dn-bn∏v `mhn-Ime c£sb ]cm-

a¿in-°p∂ c≠v thZ-`m-K-ß-fpsS a≤y-Øn-embn

tN¿Øn-cn-°p∂p. F_m. 1:14˛¬ c£sb `mhn-Ime

A\p-K-l-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. F_m.

2:5 epw 2:1˛4 hsc-bp≈ mK-ß-fnse hmZ-K-Xn-bp-ambn

_‘n-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. F_m. 2:5˛¬ ""hcp-hm-\p≈

temI-sØ-''°p-dn®v ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p. hnizm-kn-Iƒ

Cu temI-Øn¬ Pohn-°p-tºmƒ, hcp-hm-\p≈ temI-

Øn¬ henb ]Xn- -ehpw `c-W-]-c-ambn D∂-X-amb

]¶pw A[n-Im-chpw tXP pw e`n-°p-hm≥ X°-hÆw

IqSp-X¬ i≤ ]Xn-∏n°-Ww.

(3) D]-kw-lmcw

H∂m-asØ ap∂-dn-bn-∏ns‚ `mK-Øn¬, hnizm-kn-

Iƒ°v ]m]-Øns‚ in£-bn¬ \n∂v e`n® c£ Ah-


88I¿Ømhv Xs‚ a≤ym-Im-i-h-c-hn¬ hnizm-kn-Isf Cu`qan-bn¬ \n∂v c£n-°pw. IjvS-X-bn¬ \n∂pw, ]oU-\Øn¬ \n∂pw Cu temI-Øns‚ ]tem- -\-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw D≈Hcp c£ IqSn Bbn-cn°pw CXv (km-Øms‚ A[o-\-X-bn-ep≈ Hcp temI-hpw, InkvXp-hn\v FXn-cm-bp-ff kwhn-[m-\-ß-fp-≈-Xp-amb Hcp temIhp-am-WnXv).

234

K-Wn-°p-Itbm Hgp-In-t∏m-Ip-Itbm sNbvXm¬ \jvS-

s∏-Sp-sa∂v ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂n-√. apI-fn¬ ]d™ `mKØv

Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ Hcp- Im-gvN-∏m-Sn¬ IqSp-X¬ ]m[m\yw

\evIn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ c≠v hymJym-\-ßfpw

F_m. 2:1˛4 hsc-bp≈ mK-ßƒ \nXy-amb ZXbv°v

Du∂¬ \evIp∂p F∂v a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bp∂

coXn-bn-emWv

c. c≠m-asØ ap∂-dn-bn∏v \evIp∂ thZ- mKw F_m.

3˛4 A≤ym-b-ßƒ

InkvXpthm Ahs‚ `h-\-Øn\p A[n-Im-cn-

bmb ]pX-\mbn´p Xt∂; ]Xym-i-bpsS

ss[cyhpw ]iw-kbpw \mw Ah-km-\-tØmfw

apdpsI∏nSn®p- sIm-≠m¬ \mw Xs∂ Ahs‚

`h\w BIp∂p (F-_m. 3:6).

ktlm-Z-c-∑m-tc, Poh-\p≈ ssZhsØ XyPn-

®pI-f-bm-Xn-cn-t°-≠-Xn∂p Ahn-izm-k-ap≈

ZpjvS-lr-Zbw \nß-fn¬ B¿°pw D≠m-Im-Xn-

cn-∏m≥ t\m°p-hn≥ (F-_m. 3:12).

BZy-hn-izmkw Ah-km-\-tØmfw apdp-sI-

∏n-Sn-®p-sIm-≠m¬ InkvXp-hn¬ ]¶m-fn-bm-bn-

Øo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p-ht√m (F-_m. 3:14).

AXp-sIm≠v Bcpw A\p-k-c-W-t°-Sns‚ ka-

Zr-jvSm-¥-Øn-s∂m-Ø-hÆw hogm-Xn-cn-t°-≠-

Xn∂p \mw B kzÿ-X-bn¬ ]th-in-∏m≥

D’m-ln° (F-_m. 4:11).

(1) F_m-b-cn¬ Ahn-izm-kn-I-fm-b-h-tcmSv A`n-

kw-t_m-[\ sNøp-∂ \nebn¬

Cu ]T-\-Øn¬ \n∂v t\csØ FØnb \nK-a\w

c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw hnizm-ksØ Im°p∂p F∂p-

f-f-Xm-Wv. ssZhw Hcp hnizm-knsb hniz-kn-∏n-®p-sIm-

t≠-bn-cn-°p∂p. InkvXp-hns\ c£-I-\mbn Bi-bn-

°p∂ Hcp hy‡n InkvXp-hns‚ ssZh-Xzw, c‡w,

Dbn¿∏v F∂n-hsb X≈n-°-f-bp-∂n-√ (Cu hn`m-K-

Ønse P. 226 1 sImcn. 15:1˛2 hmIy-ßfpsS hniZo

IcWw ImWpI). c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw (Bibw)

XpS¿am-\-amb hnizm-k-Øn-te°v \bn-°p-∂p. ssZh-

sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ Nne bmYm¿∞y-ß-fn-ep≈ _p≤n-]-c-

amb hnizmkw (bm-t°m_v 2:19) As√-¶n¬ tbip-

hn\v XmXv°m-enI_p≤n-ap- p-I-fn¬ \n∂v hnSp-hn-°m≥

I-gnbpw F∂p≈ sshIm-cn-I-amb hnizmkw F∂o

Xc-Øn-ep≈ a‰p hnizm-k-ßƒ°v c£n-°m-\m-hn√

(]m-]-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ c£-bn¬ XmXv]-cy-an-√m-ØXv

(eq-t°mkv 8:13). F_m-b¿ 3˛epw 4˛epw D≈ ap∂-dn-

bn -∏p -Iƒ A`n -kw -t_m-[\ sNø-s∏-Sp -∂Xv

blqZ∏≈n-I-fn¬ tN¿∂n-´p≈ Ahn-izm-kn-I-

tfmSmWv F∂p Icp-Xmw. Ch c£n-°p-∂-Xpw, \ne-

\n¬°p-∂-Xp-amb (]n-Sn-®p-\n¿Øp-∂-Xv) Xc-Øn-ep≈

hnizmkw ssIh-i-am-°p-∂n-√. Cu Adn-hn-\m¬,

F_m. 3:6 ]d-bp∂ ""`h\w'' ssZh-Øns‚ IpSpw-_-

Øn¬ AwK-am-Ip-∂-Xn-s\bpw, F_m. 3:14˛¬ ]d-

bp∂ ""]-¶m-fn-Iƒ'' InkvXp-hp-ambn c£-bn¬ GIo-

`-hn-°p-∂-Xn-s\bpw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. hmb-\-°m-cn¬

Nne¿s°-¶nepw c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw (Xp-S¿am-\-

ambn hniz-kn-°p∂ Xc-Øn-ep-≈-Xv) C√tbm F∂v

]cn-tim-[n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp ap∂-dn-bn-∏mWv F_m.

3:6. ssZhsØ XyPn -®p -I -f™v Ahn -izm -kn -

bmbnØocp-∂-Xn-s\-Xn-sc-bp≈ ap∂-dn-bn-∏mWv

F_m. 3:12˛¬ \¬Ip-∂-Xv. tbip-hn¬ Bi-bn-°pI

F∂p≈ ssZh-Øns‚ Blzm-\-ßsf X≈n-°f™v

Ah¿ hoWp-t]m-Ipw. F_m-b-cmb hmb-\-°msc k`

hn´p blq-Z-∑m-cpsS tZhm-e-b-ß-fn-te°v aS-ßn-h-cp-

hm≥ £Wn-°p-I-bm-Wv. ho≠pw, F_m. 3:14˛¬

InkvXp-hp-ambn Hcp hy‡n-]-c-amb hnizmkw D≠v

F∂ Dd∏p hcp-Øp-hm≥ Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ hm-\-°m-

tcmSv A`y¿∞n-°p∂p F∂p IcpXmw (hy-‡n-]-c-

amb F∂Xv Bibw F∂ \ne-bn-emWv. A√msX

tbip-hn-s\-∏-‰n-bp≈ bmYm¿∞y-ß-fn-ep≈ _p≤n-]-

c-amb hnizm-ktam XmXv°m-enI ]iv\-ß-fn¬ klm-

bn-°p-hm≥ Ah\v Ignbpw F∂p≈ sshIm-cn-I-amb

hnizm-ktam A√). c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw XpS¿®-

bmbn hniz-kn-®p-sIm-t≠-bn-cn-°p-∂p. hnizm-k-Øns‚

a‰p \n¿h-N-\-ßƒ c£n-°p∂ hnizm-ksØ Dƒs∏-

Sp -Øp-∂n-√. Hcp hnizm-kn°v c£ \jv-s∏´p

Ft∂m¿Øv Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ hnj-an-°p-∂n-√. Hcp k -

tbmSv tN¿∂n- p-s≠-¶nepw InkvXp-hn-¬ Bi-bn-®n-

´n-√mØ Nne hmb-\-°m¿ D≠m-Ip-sa-∂-XmWv Xs∂

hnj-an-∏n-°p-∂Xv (F-_m. 4:11˛]hr-Øn-bm-ep≈ c£-

bn¬ Bi-bn-°msX (4:10) InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-

k-Øm¬ ssIh-i-am-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ as‰mcp kphn-ti-

jo-I-cW Blzm-\-am-Wv.

(2) hnizm -kn -Isf A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNøp-∂

\nebn¬

F_m-b¿ 3, 4 A≤ym-b-ß-fn-ep≈ ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Iƒ,

Bcm-[-\-bnepw ipiq-j-bnepw D’p-I-cm-bn-cn-∏m\pw

InkvXp-hp-ambn D’m-l-tØmsS ]¶m-fnØw hln®v

]h¿Øn-°p-hm\pw ]q¿Æ Ah-Im-i-Øn-te°v

(]-Xn-^ew) IS-°p-hm-\p-ap≈ hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p≈

ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-I-fmbpw \ap°p a\- n-em-°mw. Hm¿°pI,

ImWm-hp∂ k` hn´p blq-Z-a-X-Øn-te°p aS-ßn-h-

cp-hm-\p≈ ]co-£sb i‡-ambn t\cn-Sp-I-bmWv

F_m-b¿. F_m-b¿ 3: 5˛¬ D≈ tamsi-bpsS h\w

kam-K-a\ IqSm-c-Øn-ep≈ Bcm-[\/ ipiqjm


235

\S]Snsb kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. F_mb¿ 3˛se ""`h-\-

ßƒ'' ssZh-Øns‚ IpSpw-_-sØ-b√ kqNn-∏n-°p-

∂Xv. hnip≤ ÿeØpw AXn-hn-ip≤-ÿ-e-Øp-ap≈

]utcm-lnXy I¿Ω-ßƒ°v hnt[-b-am-bn, ]ptcm-ln-

X-∑m¿°v amX-am-bn-cp∂p ""ssZh-Øns‚ h\''Øn¬

ipiqj sNøp-hm≥ A\p-hm-Z-ap-≈-Xv. ssZh-`-h-\-

Øn¬ (]p-tcm-ln-X-∑m-cpsS I¿Ω-Ønepw ÿe-Øpw)

D’m-l-]q¿∆w ]s¶-Sp-Øn-s√-¶nepw Hcp hy‡n°v

c£n-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥ ]gb \nb-a-Øn¬ (DSºSn) km[n-

°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. 6˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂

InkvXp-hns‚ h\w ]utcm-lnXy Bcm-[-\-bn-ep≈

]¶m-fn-ØsØ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-hmw. hf-sc-Ip-d®v,

Hcp \yq\-]-£-Øn\v amXw ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-cm-Im≥ Ign-

bp-am-bn-cp∂ \ymb-]-am-W-Øn¬ \n∂v hyXy-kvX-

ambn, ]pXn-b -\n-b-a-Øn≥ Iogn-ep≈ F√m hnizm-kn-

Iƒ°pw ssZh-Øns‚ ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿ F∂ ÿm\-

ap-≠v, F∂m¬ Bcm-[-\-bp-sSbpw ipiq-j-bp-sSbpw

]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v Nne¿ hn´p \n¬°pw.

InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°v Hcn-°epw ssZh-Øns‚ IpSpw-_-

Øn¬ \n∂v amdn-\n¬°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn√ F∂m¬

ssZh-Øns‚ Bcm-[-\˛ ipiqjm NS-ßp-I-fn¬ ]s¶-

Sp-°msX Ahsb \nc-kn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. a‰p

hnizmk˛]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-cp-ambn tN¿∂v Bcm-[n-°p-

hm≥ IqSn hcp-∂Xv \nc-kn®v Ah¿°v ssZh-Øns‚

`h-\-Øn¬ \n∂v Xs∂-Øm≥ amdp-hm≥ Ign-bpw. ssZ-

h- -h-\-Øn¬ InkvXp-hmWv alm-]p-tcm-ln-X≥ F∂

]kvXm-h-\bv°v F_m. 10:21˛ti-j-amWv F_m. 10:

25 se ]cn-Nn-X-amb IqSn-h-cp-hm-\p≈ hnfn-bp-≈-Xv.

Aß-s\, k`sb ssIhn-SmXn-cn-°pI F∂ Iev]-

\bpw ssZh- -h-\-Øn¬ XpS-cpI F∂ ap∂-dn-bn∏pw

Xpey-am-b-h-bm-Wv. F_m. 3:6 Hcp ]t£ ssZh`h\w-

hn´pt]mbn blq-Z- ]-≈n-I-fn¬ tNcm-\p≈ blq-Z-∑m-

cmb hnizm-kn-I-fpsS Xocp-am-\-Øn-s\-Xn-sc-bp≈ ap∂-

dn-bn-∏m-bn-cn-°mw (ssZ-h-`-h-\-sa-∂p-≈Xv Hcp k`m

sI´n-S-a-√, adn®v H∂n®v Bcm-[n-°p∂ hnizm-kn˛

]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-cpsS IqSn-h-c-hm-Wv).89 Hcp hy‡n c£n-

°-s∏-´v ssZh-`-h-\-Øns‚ AwK-am-bn-cns°Øs∂

k`-bnse ]¶m-fn -Ø-Øn¬ \n∂pw, Bcm-[-\m

ÿm\Øv \n∂pw amdn-t∏m-Ip-hm≥ Ignbpw ""InkvXp-

hns‚ `h-\''Øn¬ D’m-l-]q¿∆w XpScp∂Xns\

F_m. 3: 6 t]m’m-ln-∏n-°p∂p.

Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ hnizm-kn-Isf A`nkw-t_m-[\

sNøp∂p F∂p Icp-Xn-bm¬, F_m. 3:12 InkvXo-b-

Po-hn-X-Ønse XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ hnizm-ksØ

kqNn-∏n-°p∂p F∂p a\- n-em-°mw. Hcp c£n-°-s∏´

hy‡n Iq-in¬ hniz-kn-®n-´p≠v F¶nepw, XpS¿®-

bmbn thZ-]p-kvX-I-Ønse Iev]-\-Ifpw D]-tZ-i-

ßfpw hniz-kn-°Ww. kmaq-lnI kΩ¿±-ßƒaqew

k` hn v, blq-Z-a-X-Ønte°p aSßns®√pI F∂Xv

Hcp blq-ZInkvXym-\n-bpsS henb hnizm-k-°p-d-

hns\ ImWn-°p-∂p. k` hn´p t]mIp∂Xp apJm¥ncw

c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp∂n-√, F∂m¬ AXv ssZh-hp-am-bp≈

Iq´m-bva \jvSs∏SpØp∂p. AXns\ ""Poh\p≈

ssZhsØ XyPn-®p-I-f-bpI'' F∂v hnti-jn-∏n-°mw.

(hm. 12).

hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v amX-am-bp≈ Hcp ap∂-dn-bn-∏mbn

F_m. 3:14 s\ \ap°v IW-°m-°mw. Hcp-]t£, ]¶m-

fn-bm-IpI F∂-Xns\ I¿Øm-hn-ep≈ c£-bpsS

A\p-`-h-ambn a\- n-em-°p-∂-h¿°v Cu ap∂-dn-bn-

∏ns‚ Dt±iw a\- n-emImsX t]mIpw. eqt°mkv

5:7˛¬ D]-tbm -Kn -°p -∂Xv a’y_‘\Øn¬

G¿s∏´n´p≈ sXmgn¬ ]¶m-fn-Iƒ F∂ bh\

hm°m-Wv. ""]¶m-fn-Iƒ'' AYhm ""kl-]-h¿Ø-I¿''

F∂-Xns‚ \n¿h-N\w F_m. 1:9 s‚ ]tbm-K-tØmSv

tNcp-∂-XmWv 3:1 epw \ap-°nXv ImWmw (kz¿§ob

hnfn°v, AYhm kz¿§obthebv°v Hml-cn-°m-cm-b-

h¿/ ]¶m-fn-Iƒ). Bfln-I-ambn GIo- -hn°p∂-Xn¬

amX-a-√, ipiq-j-bn¬ InkvXp-hn-t\mSv IqsS kl-

]-h¿Ø-I-\mbn D’m-l-]q¿∆w ]¶m-fnØw hln-°p-

∂-Xn-emWv IqSpX¬ Du∂¬ \¬Ip-∂Xv. F_m. 3:6

se ""`h\w'' F∂ Bibw ssZh-Øns‚ Bcm-[-\m-

co-Xnbn¬ \n∂v hn´p-\n¬°p-∂-Xn-s\-Xnsc ap∂-dn-

bn∏p \¬Ip-tºmƒ, F_m. 3:14 ipiq-j-bn¬

InkvXphnt\msSm∏w ]h¿Ø\]¶m-fn-bm-hp-∂-Xn¬

]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-s\-Xnsc ap∂-dn-bn∏p \¬Ip-∂p.

Cu temI-Øn¬ I¿Øm-hns‚ the-bn¬ kPoh

]¶m-fn-I-fm-b-h¿ ]n∂oSv Ahs‚ i‡n-bnepw

alXzØnepw BXy-[n-I-amb Hcp ]¶m-fnØw hln

°pw. Ah-Im-i-Øns‚ ]q¿Æ- ew a\- n-em°phm≥

\mw InkvXp-hns‚ Bcm-[\ `h-\-Ønepw (k-`),

Ah\pambn kPoh ]¶m-fn-Ø-Ønepw XpScWw.


89 F_m-b¿ 3:5˛¬ ]d-bp∂ tamsi-bpsS `h\w hnip≤ÿe-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb kam-K-a-\-Iq-Sm-c-sØbpw (ssZ-h-Øns‚ h-\w) AhnsS Bcm-[-\bpw ipiq-jbpw A¿∏n®vI¿Ωw \n¿h-ln-°p∂ ]g-b-\n-ba ]utcm-ln-Xy-sØbpwkqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. F_m. 3:6˛se `h-\-Øns‚ \n¿h-N\wBcm-[\mÿe-sØbpw ]s¶-Sp-°p-∂-h-scbpw Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn- p-≈-XmWv (B-cm-[-\-bnepw ipiq-j-bnepw ]¶p hln-

°p∂ ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿) InkvXp-hns‚ ""`h\w'' F∂Xphgn F_mbteJ\I¿Ømhv Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xv, ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ Bcm-[-\-bnepw ipiq-j-bnepw ASn-ÿm-\-ap≈ ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Ønse ]utcm-ln-Xy-tØmSp IqSnb kz¿§ob kam-K-a-\-Iq-Sm-c-sØbpw AXns‚ hnip≤ ÿe-sØ-bp-am-Wv.Hcp hnizm-kn°v ]ptcm-ln-X≥ F∂ ÿm\w Ft∏m-gp-ap≠v. F∂m¬ Xs‚ Bcm-[-\-bnepw ipiq-j-bn-ep-ap≈DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ß-fn¬ \n∂v Hgn-™p-am-dp-hm≥ km[n-°pw.

236

hnizm-kn-Isf A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNøp-∂-Xm-sW-¶n¬,

F_m. 4:11 AXy-[n-I-amb Ah-Im-i-Øn-\mbn a\x-

]q¿∆w ]cn-i-an-°p-hm-\p≈ Hcp Iev]\-bmWv \¬Ip-

∂-Xv. blq-Z-∑m-cpsS Nn¥m-K-Xnbpw Ah-cpsS kml-

N-cyhpw a\- n-em-°msX kzÿX F∂ Bi-b-

Øn\p Ah-Im-i-hp-ambn _‘-apt≠m F∂p a\- n-

em-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. Ah¿°v, kzÿXbpw Ah-

Im-ihpw XΩn¬ ASpØ _‘-ap≠v F∂ hnizm-k-

am-Wv. ssZhw Xs‚ krjvSnI¿ΩØn¬ \n∂v

\nh¿Ø\mb tijw, Xm≥ X\n-°mbv Xs∂

krjvSn® Ah-Im-isØ Bkz-Zn-®p. ]pd-∏mSv Ime-

Øp≈ Xe-apd hmKvZØ tZiw Iog-S-°p-hm≥ th≠n

hnfn-°-s∏-´-h-cm-Wv. ]n∂oSv Ah¿°v kzÿXbpw

t\Smw. Ah-Imiw Bkz-Zn-°p-Ibpw sNøm≥

km[n°pw. kzÿXbpw Ah-Im-ihpw XΩn-ep≈

_‘w Bh. 3:18˛20; 12:9˛11 F∂o `mK-ß-fn¬

ImWmw.

\nß-fpsS ssZh-amb btlm-h \nßƒ°p

Xcp∂ kzÿ-Xbv°pw Ah-Im-i-Øn∂pw

\nßƒ CXp-hsc FØo-ń-√-t√m. F∂m¬

\nßƒ tbm¿±m≥ IS∂p \nß-fpsS ssZh-amb

btlmh \nßƒ°p Ah-Im-i-ambnØcp∂

tZiØp hkn-°bpw Np‰p-ap≈ \nß-fpsS

kIe iXp-°-sfbpw A-h≥ \o°n \nßƒ°v

kzÿX Xcn-Ibpw \nßƒ \n¿ -b-ambn hkn-

°bpw sNøp-tºmƒ.... (B-h. 12:9˛10).

F_mbteJ-\-Im-c≥ ]d-bp-∂Xv tbmip-h-t]mepw

ssZh-Øns‚ P\sØ ]q¿ÆkzÿXbnte°pw

AhImiØnte°pw \bn®n√ F∂mWv (F-_m.

4:8). G‰hpw henb kzÿXbpw Ah-Im-ihpw `mhn-

bn¬ kw`-hn-°m-\n-cn-°p-∂-tX-bp-≈q. hnizm-kn-Iƒ

CXp -hsc the-bn¬ \n∂v kzÿXbnte°v

]thin®nń√. Ct∏mƒ the sNøp-hm-\p≈ kab-

am-Wv. kzÿXbpw Ah-Im-ihpw hcp-∂-tX-bp-≈q.

Hcp Znhkw \mw Cu temI-Øns‚ A≤zm\w Ah-

km-\n-∏n°pw (a-c-W-Øntem As√-¶n¬ I¿Øm-hns‚

hc-hn-¶-tem) GXm-bm-epw, C∂v kzÿXbpsS ka-

b-a√ adn®v the-bpsS kab-am-Wv. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse,

hmKvZØtZi-Ønse kºq¿Æ Ah-Imiw ssIh-i-

am-°p-hm-\p≈ t]mcm- -hp-ambn XmcXayw sNbvXp-t\m-

°n-bm¬ Cu temI-Ønse \ΩpsS PohnXw Hcp

t]mcmámsW∂v IcpXmw. i≤-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb the-

bm¬ \c-I-Øn¬ \n∂v c£ t\Sp-hm-\p≈ Hcp

Blzm-\-a√ F_m. 4:11 se Iev]\, hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v

ssZhw \¬Ip-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ kzÿ-bn¬ ]th-in-∏m≥

D’m-ln-°pI F∂p ]d-bp-∂p. ChnsS Fgp-Øp-

Imc≥ \¬Ip∂ kzÿ-X-bpsS \n¿h-N-\w,

\nXyin£m-hn-[n-bn¬ \n∂p≈ Hcp hnSp-X¬ am-X-

a√, ssZhw \¬Ip-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ kIe A\p-K-l-

ß-fpsSbpw ]Xn- -e-ß-fp-sSbpw kºq¿Æ-amb Ah-

Imiw IqSn-bm-Wv. AhImiw F∂ ]ZØn\v I¿i-

\-ambn ""]q¿Æ-amb ssIh-i-s∏-Sp-Ø¬'' F∂v \n¿h-

Nn -®m¬ AhImiØn¬ \jvSap≠mIphm\pw

\nXy\miØn¬ \n∂p≈ Hcp hnSpXen\pw amXw

km≤yXbp≠v. CsXmcp henb A\p-K-l-am-Wv.

F∂m¬ D’m-l-]q¿∆w \mw ssIh-i-am-°p∂

kºq¿Æ Ah-Im-i-a-√. F√m hnizm-kn-Ifpw \nXy-

amb kzÿ-X-bn¬ ]th-in°pw; AXm-bXv AXns‚

km[m-cW A¿∞-Øn¬, Cu temI-Ønse IjvS-X-

I-fn¬ \n∂p≈ kzÿ-X-bn¬. F∂m¬ Nne¿ a‰p-

≈-h-sc-°mƒ A[nIw ê-ß-fpw A\p-K--l-ß-fpw

ssIh-i-am-°pw. F√m hnizm-kn-Ifpw ssZhcmPy-

Ønse ]uc-∑mcpw ÿnchmknIfpamIpw. F∂m¬

]ecpw ssZhw \¬Ip-hm-\m-K-ln® (]q¿Æ) Ah-

Im-iw t\Sm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-h-cm-bn-t∏m-Ipw. ]pd-∏mSp

ImeØv At\-I¿ c£n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw hmKvZ-Ø-tZiw

ssIh-i-am-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xp-t]m-se, hnizm-

kn-Iƒ \c-I-Øn¬ \n∂v c£-s∏-Sp-Ibpw ssZhw

\¬Ip-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ ]q¿Æ AhImiw \jvSs∏Sp

ØpIbpw sNøpw. tbmip-h-bpsS Xe-ap-d-bnse hnizm-

kn-Iƒ \c-I-Øn¬ \n∂p c£-s∏- p, F∂m¬ ssZhw

\¬Ip-hm-\mKln°p∂ ]q¿Æ Ah-Imiw ]m]n-°m-

Xn-cp-∂-Xp-t]m-se, C∂sØ hnizm-knbpw kz¿-§-Øn¬

t]mIpw. F∂m¬ ssZhw \¬Ip-hm-\p≈ ]q¿Æ Ah-

Imiw \jvS-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p. F∂ A]-I-S-I-c-amb Imcy-

hpap≠v.""Ah-Imiw''F∂Xv ssZh-Øns‚ ]°¬

\n∂v \ap°v ssIh-i -am -°p -hm≥ Ign -bp∂

G‰hpw hen -b- A\pK-l-am-bn-cns°, D’m-l--°p-

d-hp-aqew hmKvZØw sNbvs∏ń- p≈ kzÿX \jvS-

s∏-Sp-hm≥ km[y-X-bp-≠v. `mhn-bn¬ ]q¿Æ Ah-Im-

i-Øn-te°pw kzÿ-X-bn-te°pw IS-t°-≠-Xn\p

Ct∏mƒ A\p-k-cn-°p-Ibpw ]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-

hm≥ F_m. 4:11 -\ap°v ap∂-dn-bn∏v \¬Ip-∂p.

F_m-b¿ 3˛4 se ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-I-sf√mw hnizm-kn-

Iƒ°p≈ ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-I-fmbn°cp-Xmw. F∂m¬ Ah-

sbm∂pw \nXy-in-£mhn[n-bn¬ \n∂p hnSp-hn® c£

\jvS-s∏-Sp∂ hnj-b-sØ-∏‰n kqNn∏n°p∂n√.

(1).""ssZh-Øns‚ h-\-Øn¬ \n-e-\n-ev°pI'' (F-_m.

3:6). AXm-b-Xv, Hcp ]utcm-lnXy Bcm-[\ ipiqj

F∂ \ne-bn¬ k -bnse IqSn-h-c-hn¬ \ne-\n-ev°pI.

(2). ""blq-Z-a-X-Øn-te°v XncnsI-t∏m-bn, Poh-\p≈

ssZh-hp-ambn Iq´m-bva-bn¬ \n∂p hoWp-t]m-ImsX

kq£n-°pI'' (F-_m. 3:12). (3). InkvX-phn-\mbn


237

]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn¬ ]¶m-fnØw hln-°pI (F-_m.

3:14), (4).- C\nbpw \ap°v kzÿX Bbnń√. ssZhw

\ap°v \¬Ip-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ kzÿX (]q¿Æ Ah-

Im-i-Øn-se) Hcp `mKhpw \jvS-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥,

D’p-I-cmbn A\p-k-c-W-tØm-Sn-cn-°pI (F-_m. 4:11)-

k-`-bn¬ \n∂p hn´p\n¬°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v hniz-kn-

°p∂ F_m-b-cpsS c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp-I-bn√. GXm-

bm-epw, ssZh- -h-\-Øn¬ \n∂v (B-cm-[-\m kºZmb

Øn¬ \n∂v amdn-\n¬°p-hm≥ Ah¿°v Ignbpw

(6˛mw hmIyw). Ah¿ ssZh-hp-am-bn- p≈ Iq´m-bva-bn¬

\n∂v hoWpt]mImw (hmIyw 12). InkvXp-hns‚ the-

bn¬- kPohambn ]h¿Øn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ Ah¿°v

km[n°pw (hmIyw 14). ]g-b-\n-b-a-Im-e-Ønse F_m-

b-sc-t∏mse (A-h-cn¬ ]ecpw c£n-°-s∏- -h-cm-bn-cp-

∂p), ssZhw \¬Ip-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ Ah-Im-i-Øn-te°v

(kz-ÿX) IS-°m≥ km[n-°msX t]mImw ( 4:11).

Ah¿°v \c-I-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ c£- Inń. F∂m¬

ssZhw Ah¿°v AXn-e-[nIw \¬Ip-hm≥ BK-

ln®p. Ah¿ k`sb Dt]-£n-®p, _mlyambn blq-

Z-a-X-Øn-te°v aS-ßn-bm¬, Ah¿°v ssZhw \¬Ip-

hm≥ BK-ln-°p∂ kzÿX (A-h-Im-iw) \jvS-

s∏Spw (F-∂m¬ kz¿§w \jvS-s∏-Sn-√).

(3) D]-kw-lmcw

c≠m-asØ ap∂-dn-bn∏v k -bp-ambn _‘-s∏´ Ahn-

izm-kn-I-fm-b-h¿°v tb-ip-In-kvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-

Øn-te°v hcp-hm-\p≈ Hcp t]cWbmImw. ]q¿Æ

Ah-Imiw ]m]n-°p-hm≥ X°-hÆw D’m-l-]q¿∆w

]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ apgp-Ip-hm-\p-ff Blzm-\-am-Wn-Xv.

Hcp hnizm-kn-bpsS \nXy-`ZXsb∏‰n ]Tn-∏n-°p∂

ASn-ÿmt\m]-tZ-i-ßƒ°v hncp-≤-a√ Cu D]-tZ-iw.

d. aq∂m-asØ ap∂-dn-bn-∏v thZ- mKw: F_m. 6:1˛12

Hcn-°¬ ]Im-i\w e`n-®n´p kz¿§ob-Zm\w

Bkz-Zn-°p-Ibpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ ]m]n-°p-

Ibpw ssZh-Øns‚ \√ hN-\hpw hcp-hm-\p≈

temI-Øns‚ i‡nbpw Bkz-Zn-°p-Ibpw

sNbvX-h¿ ]n≥am-dn-t∏m-bm¬ Xßƒ°p Xs∂

ssZh-]p-Xs\ ho≠pw Iqin-°p-∂-hcpw

Ah\p temIm-]-hmZw hcp-Øp-∂-hcpw BI-

sIm≠v Ahsc ]ns∂bpw am\-km-¥-c-Øn-

te°p ]pXp-°p-hm≥ Ign-hp-≈-X-√. ]-e-t∏mgpw

s]bvX ag IpSn-®n´p qan- Irjn sNøp-∂-h¿°p

lnX-amb kkym-Zn-Isf hnf-bn-°p∂p F¶n¬

ssZh-Øns‚ A\p-Klw ]m]n-°p-∂p. ap≈pw

sRcn-™nepw apf-∏n-®mtem AXp sIm≈-cp-

Xm-ØXpw im]-Øn\v ASp-ØXpw BIp∂p.

Np´p -I -fI AsX AXns‚ Ah-km\w

(F_m. 6: 4˛8).

hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p c£ \jvS-amIpw F∂ Nn¥-tbm-

sS-bmWv Hcp hy‡n Cu mKw hmbn-°p-∂Xv F¶n¬,

Cu `mK-Øp≈ hmIy-ßƒ AXp ÿnco-I-cn-°p-∂-

Xmbn°cp-Xpw. Bibw icn-sb∂p Icp-Xn-bm¬, Hcn-

°¬ \jvS-s∏- m¬ Ft∂°pw \jvS-s∏Spw F∂v.

F_m. 6:6 ]Tn∏n°p∂p. AXm-bXv, hoWp-t]m-Ip-∂-

h¿°v ""am\-km-¥-c-Øns‚ ]pXp-°-Øn-te°v aS-ßn-

h-cp-hm≥ Akm-≤y-am-Wv.'' F_m-b¿ 6:1˛12 s‚ icn-

bmb hymJym\w as‰mcp Zni-bn-emWv InS-°p-∂-Xv.

ho≠pw, AXns‚ icn-bmb A¿∞w \n¿Æ-bn-°p-

∂X, v B ap -∂-dn -bn∏v hnizm -kn -Isf A`n -

kw-t_m-[\ sNbvXmtWm, AtXm k -bp-ambn _‘-

s∏- n- p≈ c£n-°-s∏-SmØ P\-ßsf A`n-kw-t_m-

[\ sNbvXn- p-≈-XmtWm F∂ hkvXp-X-bm-Wv. Cu

hm°p-Iƒ Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°p-≈-Xm-sW-¶n¬, CXv

InkvXp-hn¬ hnizm-k-a¿∏n-°p-hm-\p≈ Hcp Blzm-

\-am-Wv. Ah¿ ]Iz-X-bn-te°v hf-c-Ww, AXm-bXv

blq-Z-aXØn¬ \n∂p ]q¿Æ-ambn ssIkvX-h-hn-izm-

k-Øn-te°v (F-_m. 6:1). Np´p-I-f-bp-∂-Xpw, im]hpw

(8˛mw hmIyw) \cIsØ kqNn∏n °p∂XmImw.

adphiØv, Cu ap∂dnbn∏v hnizmknIƒ°p≈Xm

hmw. Aßs\sb¶n¬ 8˛mw hmIy-Ønse Np´p-I-f-bpI

F∂Xv ê-]p-jvSn-bp-≠m-Ip-hm≥ th≠n Irjn-bnSw

Np v If -ap‰pw am‰n shSn-∏m-°p-∂-Xns\ kqNn-∏n-°p∂

D]-am-\-am-Imw. Hcp Irjn-bn-S-Ønse NnX-am-Wn-hnsS

D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Np´p-I-f-bpI F∂Xv Cu Pohn-

X-Øn¬ h®v ssZhw Hcp hnizm-kn°v _me-in£

\¬Ip-∂-tXm, \ymbm-k-\-Øn¬ h®v ]Xn- ew \jvS-

s∏-Sp-∂tXm kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xmhmw (1 sImcn. 3:15). Cu

`mKw Bsc A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p F∂-

Xns\ Bi-bn®v icn-bmb hymJym\w hyXym-k-s∏-

Sp-sa-¶nepw F_m-b¿ 6˛mw A≤ymbw InkvXym-\n-

I-fpsS c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂-Xns\∏‰n∏d-bp∂p F∂p

a\- n-em-t°≠ Imcy-ta-bn-√. C\n B mKw \ap°v

hni-Z-ambn t\m°mw.

(1) Ahn-izm-kn-Isf A`nkw-t_m-[\ sNøp∂

\nebn¬

F_mbk -I-fn¬ IqSn-h-cp∂ Ahn-izm-kn-I-sf-bmWv

Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ Cu ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Iƒ Adn-bn-°p-∂Xv

F∂p Icp-Xp-I. ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb ]Tn-∏n-°-epIsf

hn v ]Iz-X-bn-te°v hf-cpI F∂p≈Xv blqZ-a-XsØ

AXns‚ F√m cq]-ß-fnepw Dt]-£n®v hnizmkw

apJm-¥cw ssZh-Øns‚ B[p-\n-I-amb ]h¿Ø\

coXn-bmb InkvXob hnizm-k-Øn-te°v IS-°p-hm-

\p≈ hnfn-bm-Wv. CXp kw -hn-°p-hm-\p≈ km[yX

hfsc Ipd-hm-Wv. F_m. 6:6˛se Akm-≤y-amb

DW¿hv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv Nne F_m-b¿ XncnsI


238

hcphm≥ Ign-bmØ hn[w InkvXp-hns\ Dt]-£n-®n-

cn-°p∂p F∂tXm, As√-¶n¬ FX-amXw Fgp-Øp-

Im-c≥ C\n sNbvXmepw ]d-™mepw AXv Ah-cn¬

c£-bv°m-bp≈ A\p-Xm]w sIm≠p-h-cn-I-bn√

F∂tXm BWv. F¥m-bm-epw, ssZh-Øn\p lrZ-b-

ßsf am‰p-hm≥ Ignbpw (hmIyw 3). Ahn-izm-kn-I-

sf-∏-‰n-bmWv ]cm-a¿iw F∂-Xn-\p≈ i‡-amb

sXfnhv 6˛mw hmIy-Ønse ""Xßƒ°p-Xs∂ ssZh-

]p-Xs\ ho≠pw Iqin-°p-∂-hcpw'' F∂ hmNIØn

epw, 9˛mw hmIy-Ønse ""cs£bv°p DX-Ip-∂Xpw

hniz-kn-°p∂p'' F∂ hmN-I-Ønepw ImWmw. tbip

Hcp I≈ ainl Bbn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw, Ah≥ ac-W-

tbm-Ky-\m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw Bsc-¶nepw hniz-kn-°p-∂p-

sh-¶n¬ Abmƒ Xo¿®-bmbpw c£n-°-s∏-ń-ń-√.

""c£bv °p DX-Ip-∂Xv'' F∂-Xn-eq-sSbpw hmb-\-

°mcn¬ \n∂v Db¿∂ Imcy-ßƒ Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥

]Xo-£n-®n-cp∂p F∂-Xn-eq-sS-bpw, At±lw Ahn-izm-

kn-Isf A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNøp∂p F∂p a\- n-

em°mw 4˛6 hsc hmIy-ß-fn¬ ImWp∂ NnXw,

InkvXym-\n-I-fm-bn- pw, InkvXob kXy-ß-fp-am-bn´pw

]cn-N-b-ap≈, F∂m¬ InkvXp-hn¬ hnizm-k-an-√mØ

P\-ßsf ImWn-°p-∂p. \ΩpsS Ct∏m-gsØ `mj-

bn¬ \mw Ahsc ""At\z-j-I¿'' F∂p hnfn-°pw.

Ah¿ InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-ksØ ]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂p.

Ah¿ blq-Z-a-X-Øn¬ \n∂v th¿s]´p \n¬°p∂p.

F∂m¬ InkvXobhnizm-k-Øn¬ tN¿∂n- n√Xm\pw.

Ah¿°v I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-kvXp-hn-s\-∏-‰n-bp≈

Nne kXy-ßƒ Adnbmw (]-Im-i\w hm. 4). c£

F∂m-se-¥m-sW-∂p≈ A\p- -h-a-h¿°p-≠v. ImcWw,

Ah¿ hnizm-kn-I-fp-ambn ASp-Øn-S-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cmWv

(kz¿§obZm\-am-Ip∂ c£sb Bkz-Zn-°pI hm. 4).

Ah¿ \ymb-]-am-W-Ønse A\p-K-l-ßsf Bkz-

Zn-°p-Ibpw, ssZh-i-‡nbpw A¤p-X-ßfpw ImWp-

Ibpw sNbvX-h-cmWv (hm. 5). F¥m-bmepw blq-Z-

∑m-cpsS ta¬ k -bn¬ \n∂p hn´p t]mIp-hm-\p-≈

kΩ¿±-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ tbip-In-kvXp-hn¬

hniz-kn-°p-hm-\p≈ kzm[o\w Ipd-bp-hm-\p≈ F√m

km[y-X-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. InkvXp Hcp I≈InkvXp-

hm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw, ac-W-tbm-Ky-\m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂p-

ap≈ \nK-a-\-Øn-se-Øn-bm¬ (X-ßƒ°p Xs∂

ssZh]p-Xs\ ho≠pw Iqin-°pI hm. 6). Ah¿

A‘-Xbpw ]pd-¥-≈-s∏-Sepw A\p- -hn-t°-≠n-h-cp-

am-bn-cp-∂p. Fgp-Øp-Im-c\p Ah-cpsS a\ p am‰p-hm≥

th≠n bmsXm∂pw Xs∂ sNøp-hm≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-

∂n√ (am-\-km-¥-c-Øn-te°p ]pXp-°p-hm≥ hm. 6).

Cßs\ hoWp-t]m-Ip-∂-Xn¬ \n∂v c£n-°p-hm≥

ssZh-Øn\p amXta km[n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p≈q (3- mw

hmIyw). Aßs\ kw -hn-®n-s√-¶n¬ Ah≥ A¥y-

Øn¬ Np´p-I-f-b-s∏Spw (hm. 8). F_m. 6:1˛8 s\ blq-

Z-a-X-Øn-te°v Xncn-bmsX InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-

Øn-te°v aS-ßp-hm-\p≈ ap∂-dn-bn∏v Ahn-izm-kn-

Iƒ°v \¬Ip∂ Hcp `mK-ambn hymJym-\n-°mw.

CXns‚ êw \nXy `ZX-bm-bn-cn-°pw. Cu ap∂-dn-

bn∏p \¬Ip-∂Xv hnizm-kn-Iƒ°mhmw Fs∂mcp

kqN\ IqsS-bp-≠v. Aß-s\-sb-¶n¬ 8˛mw hmIy-

Ønse ""Xo'' F∂-Xv, k -bn¬ \n∂p hoWp t]mIp-

∂-Xn-\p≈ ITn\in£-bm-hmw.

(2) hnizm -kn -Isf A`n -kw-t_m-[\ sNøp-∂

\nebn¬

""Xßƒ°p Xs∂ ssZh-]p-Xs\ ho≠pw Iqin-°pI''

(hm. 6) ""c£bv°p DX-Ip-∂Xv'' (hm. 9) XpS-ßnb

hm°p-Iƒ, F_m-b¿ 6 hnizm-kn-I-sf-bmWv A`n-kw-

t_m-[\ sNøp-∂Xv F∂ Bi-bsØ X≈n-°-f-bp-

∂n-√. ""InkvXp-hns\ Iqin-°pI'' F∂ hnh-cWw

hy‡-amb Hcp thZ-imkvX\ne-]m-Sn-s\-°p-dn®√,

]cm-a¿in-°p-∂Xv F∂v Icp-Xp-I. adn-®v, k`sb hn v

blqZam¿§-Øns‚ AwKoImc-Øn-te°p XncnsI

t∏mIp-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ a\x-]q¿∆-a-√mØ Hcp ]cm-

a¿i-am-bn-cn-°mw. ""InkvXp-hns\ Iqin-°pI'' F∂

]tbmKw icn-bmb Hcp thZ-im-kvX-t_m[yw \¬I-

W-sa-∂n√. adn®v Hcp kmaq-lnI s]cp-am-‰-sØ kqNn-

∏n-°p-∂p. InkvXobk` hn v blqZ Zpcp-]-tZ-jvSm-

°-∑m-cpsS hm°p-Iƒ tIƒ°p-∂-h¿, Ah-c-dn-bmsX

Xs∂ Ah-cpsS ]hr-Øn-bmepw kl-hm-k-Ømepw

InkvXp-hns\ Iqin-®-h-cpsS ]£w ]nSn-°pIbm-Wv.

k -bn¬ \n∂v hn´p \n¬°p∂ Hcp kXy-In-kvXym-

\n, InkvXp-hns‚ iXp-°-fp-ambn ]£w tNcp∂

hmb-\-°msc teJ-I≥, c£n-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-h¿ F∂p

Xcw Xncn-°p-∂n-√. F-∂m¬ ""kw_‘w hgn Ip‰-°m-

cm-b-h¿'' F∂ Bi-b-amWv ChnsS hy‡-am-°p-∂-

Xv. thZ-im-kvX-]-c-amb hnizm-k-ß-fn¬ Ah¿°p

Iqio-I-c-W-Øn¬ hnizm-k-an-√. F∂m¬ InkvXp-

hns‚ FXn-cm-fn-I-tfm-Sp-IqsS ]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xp apJm-

¥cw Ah-cpsS ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ Ah-cpsS hnizm-k-

ß-fp-ambn s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂n-√. InkvXp-hns\ Iqin®

aXhn`m-K-ß-fn-te°v InkvXym-\n-Iƒ aS-ßn-t∏m-Ip-

hm≥ ]mSn-√. Ah¿ k` hn´p, blqZaX-Øn-te°v

XncnsIt∏mbm¬, tbip-hns\ I≈-InkvXp F∂p

]d™p Iqin® AtX hn`m-K-Ønse t\Xm-°-∑m-cp-

ambn _‘-s∏-tS≠nhcpw. F_m-b-cmb hmb-\-

°m¿°v, InkvXobtKmf-Øn¬ \n∂v hn´p-amdn b-lq-

Z-a-X-Ønse ]gb Iq´p-Im-cp-ambn kJyw sNøpI

F∂m¬ F-ß-s\-bm-sW-∂p≈ icn-bmb NnXw a\-

n-em-bn-√. Hcp ]t£ Ah¿ AXns\ Hcp sNdnb


239

\njvI-f-¶-amb am‰-ambn amXw I≠p ImWpw. Fgp-

Øp-Im-c≥ Cu P\-ß-tfmSv ]d-bm-\m-K-ln-°p∂Xv,

a\x-]q¿∆-a-√m-sX, Adn-bm-sX, k` hn´p blq-Z-a-X-

Øn¬ tN¿∂-h¿ tbip-hns\ I≈-a-inl F∂p

]d™p Iqin-®-h-cp-ambn kJyw tNcp∂p (hn-izm-k-

Øn-e-√, kJy-X-bn¬ amXw) F∂-Xm-Wv. k -bp-am-

bp≈ Iq´m-bva-bn¬ \n∂v hn´p amdpI F∂Xv Hcp

kmc-amb hnj-b-am-sW∂p amX-a√, AXv ssZh-

Øns‚ tIm]w A[nIw Pzen-°p-∂-Xn\p CS-bm-°pw.

F∂m¬ CXv F_m-b¿ a\- n-em-°nbn-cp-∂n-√. B

hmNIw (a-\p-jy-]p-Xs\ Iqin-°p-I). Hcp thZ-im-

kvX]-c-amb hnizm-k-a-√, adn®v Hcp kmaq-lnI s]cp-

am-‰-amWv F∂v Icp-Xn-bm¬t]m-epw, AXv kXy-In-

kvXym-\n-Isf ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂-XmWv F∂p Icp-Xmw.

AXp-t]m-se-X-s∂, ""c£bv°p DX-Ip-∂Xp'' F∂

hmNIw (F-_m. 6:9). hmb-\-°m¿ Ahn-izm-kn-I-fmWv

F∂p Adn-bn-°p-∂-X-√. F_mbteJ-\-Ønse

c£bv°v `mhn-Ime ]k-‡n-bmWv \¬In-bn-cn-°p-

∂-Xv. hnizm-kn-Isf Cu temI-Øns‚ ]nSn-bn¬

\n∂pw temI-Øn¬ \n∂pw ]m-]-Øns‚ im]-Øn¬

\n∂pw c£n-°p-hm≥ InkvXp ho≠pw hcpw. Cu hnSp-

X-en¬, ]e Xc-Øn-ep-ff ]Xn- -e-ßƒ, A[n-Im-c-

Øns‚ hnhn[ Xe-ß-fn¬ InkvXp-hp-sam-∏-ap≈

`cWw, ]p\-cp-∞m\ico-c-Øn¬ al-Xz-Øns‚ ]e

Xe-ßƒ F∂nh Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p. `mhn-Ime c£-bn¬

F√m hnizm-kn-Iƒ°pw Hcp ]¶p-≠v. Nne¿°v, a‰p-

≈-h-¿ ]¶n-Sp-∂-Xn¬, A[n-I-amb al-Xzhpw tXP- p-

ap-≠m-Ipw. k -bn¬ \n∂p hn´p-t]mbn blq-Z-a-X-Øn-

te°p aS-ßnb blq-Z-∑m-cmb hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v

\nXy\c-I-Øn-ep≈ ]m]-in-£-bn¬ \n∂p hnSp-X¬

t\Sp-hm≥ I-gn-bpw. F∂m¬ `mhn-bn-ep≈ c£-bpsS

Bg-ta-dnb A\p-K-l-ßƒ I¿Øm-hns‚ hc-hn-¶¬

Ah¿°p \jvS-s∏-Spw. 9˛mw hmIy-Ønse ""c£bv°p

DX-Ip-∂Xv'' F∂Xv 1˛3 hmIy-ß-fnse ""]cn-⁄m\-

]q¿Øn'' ]m]n-°p-∂-Xp-ambn Xpe\w sNø-s∏-Sp-hm≥

Ign-bp-∂-Xm-Wv. 11, 12 hmIy-ß-fnse hnh-c-W-hp-ambn

AXns\ Xpe\w sNøm≥ Ign-bpw. F_m. 6:11, 12

teJ-I≥ D’m-l-ap-≈-h-cm-Ip-hm\pw aµX Hgn-hm-°p-

hm\pw hmb-\-°msc Blzm\w sNøp-∂p. AXns‚

^ew hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p≈ ]Xym-i-bpsS ]q¿Æ

\ndthdembn-cn-°pw. Cu Pohn-X-Ønse hnizm-khpw

kln-jvWXbpw aqew hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v, I¿Øm-hns‚

hc-hn-¶¬ hcp-hm-\p≈ c£-bpsS /hnSp-X-ens‚ mhn

hmKvZ-Ø-ß-fpsS ]q¿Æ \nh¿Øo-I-c-W-hpw, ]q¿Æ

Ah-Im-ihpw ssI∏-‰p-hm≥ I-gn-bpw. CXv hnizm-kn-

Iƒ \c-I-Øn¬ \n∂v c£-s∏´v kz¿§-Øn-te°v

t]mIp-sa-∂p≈ hnj-bsØ ImWn-°p-∂-X-√. `mhn-

X-e-apd c£-bpsS ]q¿Æ A\p-K-l-ßƒ, k -bn¬

\n∂p hn´pam-dpIhgn c£n-°-s∏-´-h-cmb hmb-\-

°m¿°v \jvS-amIpw F∂-Xn-s\-∏-‰n-bmWv ]cm-

a¿in°p∂Xv.

F_m-b¿ 6 Ahn-izm-kn-Isf∏‰n-bmWv ]cm-a¿in-°p-

∂Xv F∂v tXm∂n-°p∂ hmN-I-ßƒ hnizm-kn-I-fpsS

Imcy-Ønepw tNcp-∂-Xm-Wv. Hcp c£n-°-s∏´ blq-

Z\pw thZ-imkvX hnizm-k-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬

I¿Øm-hns\ Iqin-°p-∂n-√. F∂m¬ blq-Z-a-X-

Øns‚ AwKoImcßfnte°v XncnsIt∏mIpI hgn

At±lw InkvXp-hns‚ FXn-cm-fn-I-fp-ambn ]£w

tNcp-∂p. ""c£bv°p DX-Ip-∂Xv'' F∂Xv InkvXp-

hns‚ hc-hn-¶-ep≈ `mhn-Imec£ -bpsS ]q¿Æ

A\p-K-l-ßƒ ]m]n-°p-hm≥ Hcp hnizmkn ]Iz-X-

bn-te°v B™psIm≠v aptºm´p t]mIp-∂-Xns\

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. Cu Xmt°m¬ hmIy-ßƒ hnh-cn-®-

Xn\p tijw \ap°v F_m. 6:4˛6 hsc-bp≈ `mK-ß-

fn¬, CXv hnizm-kn-Isf∏‰n-bmWv ]d-bp-∂-sX∂v

sXfn-bn-°p∂ a‰p kqN-I-ßƒ ImWmw. Fgp-Øp-Im-

c≥ A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNøp∂ hmb-\-°m¿ ""Hcn-°¬

]Im-i\w e`n-®-h-cmWv.'' F_m. 10:32˛¬ c£n-°p∂

hnizmk--Øns‚ ""]Im-i\w'' F∂v Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ ]d-

bp-∂p. Hcn-°¬ F∂ hm°v, ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv Hcp

\jvS-s∏´ hy‡nsb XpS¿®-bmbn t_m[n-∏n-°p-∂-

Xn-s\-b√, adn®v Hcn-°¬ Ft∂-°p-ambn F√m-

h¿°pw th≠n A‘-X-bn-te°v Bgv∂n-d-ßn-b-Xp-hgn

InkvXp-hn-ep≈ c£n-°p∂ hnizm-k-sØ-bm-Wv.

F_m. 2:9˛ep≈ ""Bkz-Zn-°pI'' F∂ hm°v tIhew

cpNn-°pI F∂-X-√. AsXmcp ]q¿Æ-amb A\p- -h-

amWv. InkvXp kIe a\p-jy¿°pw-th≠n acWw

Bkz-Zn®p. hm°p-Isf Fgp-Øp-Im-cs‚ kz¥\n¿h-

N-\-Øn¬ thWw hymJym-\n-°p-hm≥. BbXn-\m¬,

F_m. 6:4 se kz¿§obZm\w Bkz-Zn-°pI F∂Xv

c£-bpsS (Zm-\w) ]q¿Æ-amb A\p- -hsØ kqNn-∏n-

°p∂p; Hcp Ahn-izmkn k -bn¬ kw_-‘n-°p-∂Xp

hgn c£sb cpNn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-b√ AXv ImWn-°p-

∂Xv. blq-Z-∑m-cm-b-h¿ c£n-°-s∏- -h-cm-sW-¶n-epw,

Ah¿ k` hn´p blq-Z-a-X-Ønepw/ kaq-l-Ønepw

t]mIm≥ ]mSn√ F∂p≈ ap∂-dn-bn-∏mWv F_m.

6:4˛6 hsc-bp≈ hmIy-ß-fn¬ ImWp-∂-Xv.

Ah¿ Aßs\ sNbvXm¬ Ah-cpsS ]n≥am-‰-sØ-

∏‰n Ahsc t_m[-hm-∑m-cm°n am\-km-¥-c-Øn-te°p

sIm≠p-h-cp-hm≥ InkvXob t\Xm-°-∑m¿°v H∂pw

]d-bp-hmt\m sNøp-hmt\m km[n-°p-∂-X√ (hm. 4).90

Ah-cpsS a\ v am‰p-hm≥ ssZh-Øn\p amX-ta- Ignbq


90 Hcp \√ Xe-s° v F_m-b¿ 6:6 \p \evIn-bm¬ AXv""C\n Rm≥ F¥p ]d-tb≠q'' F∂-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. Xm≥

240

(hm. 3). InkvXp-hns\ tZzjn-°p-∂-h-cp-ambn Iq´p-tN-

cp∂ AØ-c-Øn-ep≈ Hcp ]n≥am‰w InkvXp-hn\p

e÷-bm-sW∂p amX-a√ (hm. 6). ssZh-hp-am-bn- p≈

Hcp hnizm-kn-bpsS _‘sØ AXv kmc-ambn _m[n-

°p-I-bpw-sN-øpw. Bflob-amb ]Iz-Xbv°p ]Icw

Ah¿°p ITn-\-amb _me-in£ amXta ]Xo-£n-

°m-\m-hq. 7, 8 hmIy-ß-fn-ep≈ NnXw \nXy-\-c-I-Øn-

t‚-X-√. AsXmcp Irjn-bn-S-Øns‚ NnX-am-Wv. Irjn-

bnSw, Hcp ImeØv ssZh-Øn-¶¬ \n∂v AXy-[nIw

êhpw A\p-K-l-ßfpw t\Sp-Ibpw (hm. 7) sNøp-

∂p. F∂m¬ ISpØ sImbvØp-Im-eØv AtX Irjn-

bn-Sw, hnf-hn-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ ]tbm-P-\-iq-\y-

am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. AXv i-]n-°-s∏-´-Xn\p Xpey-ambn

Øocp∂p (F-∂m¬ ]q¿Æ-ambn i]n-°-s∏-ńń-√).

ê- qbnjvSamb Hcp Ime-Øn-te°v aS-ßp-∂-Xn-\p-

th≠n Irjn-°m-c≥ Ifbpw a‰pw Zln-∏n®p Irjn-

bnSw hrØn-bm-°p-∂p. ap≈pw sImºpw Xobn-en´p

IØn°mw (tbm-l. 15: 6), F∂m¬ Hcp Irjn-bnSw

apgp-h≥ IØn®p \in-∏n-°p-hm≥ km[n-°p-∂-X-√.

AØ-c-Øn-ep≈ shSn-∏m-°¬ Irjn-bn-SsØ sa®-

s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. k` hn´p blq-Z-a-X-Øn-te°v Xncn-bp-

∂-h¿ ]Iz-X-bpsS hgn X≈n-°-f-bp-∂p. ssZhw AXn-

s\-∏‰n t_m[-hm-\√ F∂-h¿ Nn¥n-°p-∂Xp icn-

b√. ]Icw, ssZhw Ahsc sa®-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-\p-

th≠n ]co-£-bn-eq-sSbpw _me-in-£-bn-eq-sSbpw

Xobn-eqsS F∂-t]mse Cu Pohn-X-Øn¬ Xs∂-I-S-

Øn -hnSpw (F-∂m¬ \c-I-a-√). CXv c£ \jvS-s∏Spw

F∂-Xns\ kw_-‘n-°p∂ Hcp ap∂-dn-bn-∏-√,

F∂m¬ ]Iz-Xbpw hf¿®bpw Ah-K-Wn®v InkvXp-

hns\ tZzjn-°p-∂-h-cp-ambn Iq´p-Iq-Sp-Ibpw ]h¿Ø-

\-ß-fn¬ G¿s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂ hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v

ssZh-Øns‚ tIm[sØ kw_-‘n-°p∂ ap∂-dn-bn-

∏mWv

(3) D]-kw-lmcw

apI-fn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ km[y-X-Isf ASn-ÿm-\-

s∏-Sp-Øn, F_m. 6:1 12 \nXy-in-£-bn¬\n-∂p≈ c£

\jvS-s∏-Sp∂ Imcy-sØ-∏‰n ap∂-dn-bn∏p \¬Ip∂

hmIy-ß-fmWv F∂v Nn¥n-t°≠ Bh-iy-an-√. \nXy-

`ZXsb XI¿°p-∂-XmWv F_m-b¿ 6 F∂v Nn¥n-

°p-∂-Xn-s\-Xnsc ]e kqN-\-Ifpw \mw hnh-cn-®p-I-

gn-™p. ssZh-h-N-\-Ønse ASn-ÿm\ D]-tZ-i-ßƒ,

\nXy \nXy`ZXsb Dd-∏p-h-cp-Øp∂p F∂ ÿnXn°v,

A¿ao-\n-b-\nksØ t]m’m-ln-∏n-°p∂XmWv

F_mb¿ 6 F∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ Db¿∂mWv at‰Xp

ho£Whpw \n¬°p-∂-Xv.

e. \mem-asØ ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-ff `mKw F_m. 10:26˛31

kXy-Øns‚ ]cn-⁄m\w e`n-®tijw \mw

a\:]q¿∆w ]m]w sNbvXm¬ ]m]-ßƒ°p-

th≠n C\n Hcp bmKhpw tijn-°msX \ymb-

hn-[n-°mbn b-¶-c-am-sbmcp ]Xo-£bpw FXn-

cn-Isf Zln-∏n-∏m-\p-ff tIm[m-·n-bp-ta-bp-≈q.

tamsi-bpsS \ymb-]-amWw A\p-k-cn-°m-Ø-

h\p IcpW IqSmsX c≠p aq∂p km£n-I-

fpsS hmsamgn tI´p ac-W-in£ Iev]n-°p-∂p-

h-t√m. ssZh-]p-Xs\ Nhn- n-°-f-Ibpw Xs∂

hnip-≤o-I-cn® \nb-ac-‡sØ aen\w F∂p

\ncq-]n-°bpw Ir]-bpsS Bflm-hns\ \nµn-

°bpw sNbvX-h≥ FX ITn-\-ta-dnb in£bv

°p ]mX-amIpw F∂p hnNm-cn-∏n≥. ""]Xn-Imcw

F\n-°p-≈-Xp, Rm≥ ]Icw ho´pw,'' F∂pw

""I¿Ømhp Xs‚ P\sØ \ymbw hn[n°pw''

F∂pw Acp-fn-s®-bvX-hs\ \mw Adn-bp-∂p-h-

t√m. Poh-\p≈ ssZh-Øns‚ Iøn¬ hogp-∂Xp

`b-¶cw (F-_m. 10:26˛31).

F_m. 10:26˛31 , Hcp InkvXym\n°v c£ \jvS-s∏-

Sp-hm≥ km[n-°p-sa∂v ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xp t]mse

tXm∂pw. At\-I¿ hnNm-cn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ Ffp-∏-

ambn Cu _p≤n-ap v ]cn-l-cn-°m≥ I-gn-bpw. BZyw

Hcp thZ- mKw hymJym-\n-®n´p thWw ]mtbm-KnI

hiw a\- n-em-°p-hm≥. Hcp ]m[m-\y-ap≈ ]kwKw

Xøm-dm-°m-\p≈ [rXn-bn¬ ipiq-j-I≥ B `mK-

Øns‚ kq£va-amb hymJym-\w ad-∂p-t]m-Ip-hm≥

km[y-X-bp-≠v. blq-Z-a-X-Øn-te°v (A--s√-¶n¬

blqZ®phbp≈ Zpcp]tZiw) aS-ßp-hm≥ ]co£

t\cn- p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ hmb-\-°m¿°mbn Fgp-X-s∏-

-XmWv F_m-b-te-J\w. F_m. 10:26- 31 hmIy-ßƒ

blq-Z-a-X-Øn¬ \n∂v InkvXob hnizm-k-Øn-te-

°p≈ Hcp am‰-Øns‚ Np‰p-]m-Sn¬ thWw hymJym-

\n-°p-hm≥.

F_m. 10:26˛31 \mem-asØ ap∂-dn-bn-∏p≈ mKw c£

\jvS-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-s\-∏-‰n-bmWv ]d-bp-∂Xv F∂v

]kvXm-hn-°p-∂-h¿, ""]m]-ßƒ°p-th≠n C\n-sbmcp

bmKhpw tijn-°p-∂n√'' F∂ hmN-I-hp-ambn t]mcm-

tS-≠n-h-cpw. F_m. 10:23˛31, A¿ao-\n-b-ksØ

t]m’m-ln-∏n-°p∂p F¶n¬, ""Hcn-°¬ \jvS-s∏- m¬

Ft∂°pw \jvS-s∏´p'' F∂pw AXv ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p

F∂p hcpw. Aß-s\-sbmcp hymJym-\-Øn¬ Nne

sX‰pIfp≠v.


Xs‚ teJ-\-Øn-eqsS \¬Ip∂ ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Iƒ hmb-\-°m¿ Ah-K-Wn-®m¬, Ah-cpsS a\ p am‰p-hm≥ th≠nX\n-°n\v IqSp-X-sem∂pw ]d-bp-hmt\m sNøp-hmt\m Ign-bp-I-bn√ F∂v F_m-b-te-J-\Imc≥ A`n-]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.

241

(1) Ahn-izm-kn-Isf A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNøp-∂

\nebn¬

Hcp ho£-W-Øn¬, F_m-b-k- -bn¬ IqSn-bn-cn-°p∂

Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS t\sc-bp-≈-XmWv Cu ap∂-dn-bn∏v.

Cu ""At\z-j-I¿'' InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-Øns‚

ht°mfw FØn-b-hcm-Imw. F∂m¬ blq-Z-a-X-Øn-

te°v XncnsIt∏mIp-hm≥ _‘p-°fpw anX-ßfpw

Ahsc t]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂p. InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-

°pI F∂ Xocp-am\w ]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂v

]n∑m-dn-bm¬ ""\nXy-hn-[n-°mbn b-¶-c-samcp ]Xo-£-

bn-te°v'' Ah¿ sNt√≠n hcpw (10:27).

F_m-b¿ 10:29 Ahn-izm-kn-I-sf-∏‰n∏d-bp-∂p F∂p

Icp-Xmw. Hcp hy‡n, ssZh-]p-X≥ Nhn- n-°-f-bs∏S-

W-sat∂m InkvXp-hns‚ c‡w aen-\-sat∂m hnNm-

cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, Ah≥ Ir]-bpsS Bflm-hns\

]q¿Æ-ambn \nµn-°p-Itbm BsW¶n¬ Ah≥ c£n-

°-s∏- -h-\√. Cu ap∂-dn-bn∏v k -bn-ep≈ blq-Z-∑m-

cmb Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfmSv (b-lq-Z-∑m-cmb At\z-j-I¿)

A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNø-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-sW-¶n¬, \ymb-hn-

[n-°m-bp≈ ap∂-dn-bn∏v \c-I-sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ ap∂-dn-

bn∏p Xs∂-bm-bn-cn-°pw.

Hcp hnizm-kn°v c£ \jvS-s∏Spw F∂p≈ hnj-b-

sØ-∏-‰n-b√ ChnsS ap∂-dn-bn∏p \¬Ip-∂Xv. adn-®v,

k`-bn¬ IqSnhcnIbpw F∂m¬ InkvXp-hn-ep≈

hnizm-ksØ \n mcambn ImWpIbpw sNøp∂

blq-Z-\mb Ahn-izm-kn-°mWv Cu ap∂-dn-bn-∏v.

F_m. 10:26 se a\x-]q¿∆-amb ]m]w 25- mw hmIy-

Øn¬ \n¿h-Nn-®n- p≠v (b-lq-Z-a-X-Øn-te°v XncnsI

hcm≥th≠n k`sb hnSp-∂Xv), ""kXyØns‚ ]cn-

⁄m\w e`n-®-Xn-\p-tijw'' (kp-hn-ti-jw) Nne¿

InkvXp-hns\ X≈n-∏-d-Ibpw (A-Xm-bXv a\x-]q¿∆w

]m]w sNøp-∂p) blq-Z-a-X-Øn-te°v aS-ßn-t∏m-hp-

Ibpw sNøp-∂p. F_m-bk- -bpsS kzm[o-\sØ hn´p-

I-fbpw InkvXp-hns\ X≈n-∏-d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXv blq-

Z\mb c£n-Xm-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøpI

F∂Xv Hcp sNdn-b Xocp-am\w amX-amWv F∂p Nn¥n-

°p-hm≥ F_mbteJ-\-Im-c≥ A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂n-√.

tbip-hn-s\-∏-‰n-bp≈ c-≠p ho£-Whpw ssZh-Øn\p

AwKo-Im-c-amWv F∂v Nn¥n-°p∂Xv icn-b-√. a\-

]q¿∆-ambn tbip-hns\ X≈n-°-f-bpI F∂ ]m]w

sNøp-I-bpw, k -bnse Hcp At\z-j-I≥ F∂ \ne-

bn¬ \n∂v ]n≥am-dp-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ \ymbhn[nbn

te°v AXv \oßpw. Hcp hy‡n- kXyw Adn-bp-Ibpw

InkvXp-hns\ a\-]q¿∆-ambn X≈n-°-f™v ]m]w

sNøp-I-bpw -sN-bvXm¬, C\n ""]m]-ßƒ°p-th≠n

Hcp bmKhpw tijn-°p∂n√'' (hm. 26). s]mXp-hn¬

Cu hmIy-Øns‚ A¿∞w, Ipcn-im-Wv ]m]ßƒ

°p≈ GI-]-cn-lmcw F∂-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ IrXy-amb

A¿∞w 18-˛mw hmIy-Øn-emWv ImWp-∂-Xv, ""]m]-

ßƒ°p-th≠n C\n Hcp bmKhpw tijn-°msX''

F_m-b¿ 10 s‚ BZy `mKØp \n∂p a\- n-em-°p-

∂Xv ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse arK-ß-fpsS bmKw a\p-jys‚

]m]-Øn\v XmXv°m-en-I-amb Hcp ]cn-lmcw amX-am-

bn-cp∂p F∂-XmWv (F-_m. 10:4 ImWp-I). InkvXp-

hns‚ Hcn-°embp≈ acWw ]m]-]-cn-lm-c-Øn-\p≈

ssZh-Øns‚ ]q¿Æ]-≤-Xn-bmWv (F-_m. 10:10, 12,14).

Ct∏mƒ ssZhw InkvXp-hn-eqsS ]m]£ \¬Ip-∂-

Xp-sIm-≠v, arK-ß-fpsS bmKw apJm-¥-c-ap≈ ]m]-

]-cn-lm-csØ Ah≥ AwKoIcn°p∂n√. ""]m]-

ßƒ°p-th≠n C\n Hcp bmKhpw tijn-°p-∂n√''

(hm. 26) F∂ hmIy-Øns‚ IrXy-amb A¿∞w,

ssZhw arK-ß-fpsS bmKw am‰n-h®p F∂p-≈-Xm-Wv.

ain-lmsb X≈n-°-f™v, ]m]w sNøp∂ blq-Z∑m¿

Be-b-Øn¬ Ign-°p∂ arK-ß-fpsS bmKw ssZh-hp-

ambn \nc-∏m-Ip-hm-\p≈ Hcp am¿§-ambn°cp-Xm≥

]mSn√.

Cu ]pkvX-I-Ønse hmZ-ßsf kq£va-ambn ]cn-

tim-[n -®m¬, F_m-b¿ 10, c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp -

Øp∂Xns\∏‰n ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p F∂p≈ sX‰n-≤m-cW

am‰p-hm≥ I-gn-bpw. k`m-tbm-K-ß-fn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-I-bpw,

InkvXp-hns‚ kXy-ßƒ tIƒ°bpw sNbv-Xn- p≈

blq-Z-∑m-cmb Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v teJ-I≥ ap∂-dn-

bn∏p \¬Ip∂p F∂Xv it≤-b-am-Wv. Ah¿

(hm. 26). a\-]q¿∆-ambn Ahs\ Dt]-£n-®p, k -bp-

sS-k-Xy-ßsf hn´p-I-f-™v ]m]w sNbvXv, blq-Z-a-X-

Øn-te°v XncnsI sN√p-hm≥ (hm. 25). `mhn-®m¬,

Ah-cpsS ]m]-ßƒ arK-ß-fpsS bm-K-Øn-eqsS ssZhw

Ct∏mgpw aqSn-°-fbpw F∂v Nn¥n-°-cpXv (hm. 26).

InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-ksØ Dt]-£n®p, blq-Z-a-

X-Øn-te°v XncnsI sN√p-hm-\p≈ hgn-bmWv Xnc-

s™-Sp-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ AXv ssZh-Øns‚ tIm]w,

]Xn-Im-cw, \ymb-hn-[n, F∂n-hbv°p hgn sXfn°pw

(29˛31).

(2) hnizm-kn-I-tfmSv A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNøp-∂

\nebn¬

(a) F_m. 10:26˛31 hmIy-ß-fpsS Hcp hniZoIcWw

ap∂-dn-bn∏p `mK-ß-fnse hnh-c-ßƒ, AXv hnizm-kn-

Iƒ°mbn Fgp-Xn-bm-sW∂v sXfn-bn-°p-hm-\p≈

F√m kqN-\-bp-ap-≈-Xm-Wv. blq-Z-a-X-Øn-te°v Xncn-

sI-t∏m-bn, k -bn¬ \n∂v ]n∑m-dp∂ blq-Z-∑m-cmb

InkvXym-\n-I-tfm-Sp≈ ap∂-dn-bn-∏m-bn- mWv F_m.

10:26˛31 hsc hmIy-ßƒ hymJym\n°s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.


242

F_m. 10:29; Cu A`n-kw-t_m-[\ Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfm-

Sp-≈-Xm-sW∂v i‡-ambn kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. Hcp

InkvXp-hn-izm-kn°v 29-˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ ]d-™n-cn-

°p∂ thZ-imkvXÿnXn-KXnIsf AwKo-Icn°ph≥

Ign-bp-I-bn-√. F∂m¬ kmaq-lnI ÿnXn t\m°n-

bm¬, 1˛mw \q‰m-≠nse blq-Z-a-XsØ klm-bn-°p-

Ibpw t]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvX hnizm-kn-Iƒ,

Xm\-dn-bmsX Xs∂ Ipcn-in-s\-bpw, c£-Is‚ ]oUm-

\p-`-h-sØbpw ]n≥Xm-ßp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. AXns‚

A¿∞w ]q¿Æambn a\- n-em-°msX Xs∂ hmb-\-

°m¿ Ah-cpsS hnizm-k-Øm¬ ""ssZh-]p-Xs\ Nhn-

´n-°-f-™v, hnip-≤o-I-cn® \nb-a-c-‡sØ aen\w

F∂p \ncq-]n-®v, Ir]-bpsS Bflm-hns\ \nµn-°p-

Ibpw sNbvX'' BibØnte°v aS-ßn-t∏m-Ip-Ibpw

t]m-’m-ln-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Hcp hnizm-kn°v Cu

Imcy-ßƒ hniz-kn-°m≥ Xs∂ Ign-bm-Xn-cn-s°,

Ah≥ k -bn¬ \n∂p AI∂p t]mIp-hm-\pw, I¿Øm-

hmb tbip-hns\ X≈n-∏-d-bp∂ Kq∏p-Iƒ°v klm-

bhpw kulr-Zhpw \¬Ip-hm-\pw -I-gn-bp-∂-Xm-Wv.

Aßs\ sNøp-∂-h¿ Ah-cpsS hnizm-k-ßƒ°v

FXn-cmb ]hr-Øn-I-fnepw kw_-‘-ß-fnepw G¿s∏-

Sp-∂p. an°-hmdpw Ah¿ Nn¥n-°msX, a\-x]q¿∆-a-

√msX Xs∂ Cßs\ sNøp-∂p. I¿Øm-hns‚ hm°p-

I-fn¬ ]d-™m¬ ""Ch¿ sN-øp-∂Xv C∂-sX∂v Adn-

bp∂n√.'' F_m. 10:29 hnizm-kn-I-sf-∏-‰n-bmWv ]d-

bp-∂Xv F∂v a\- n-em°nbm¬, F_m. 10:26˛31

hmIy-ß-fn-ep≈ ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Iƒ Xmsg-]-dbpw hn[w

icn-bmb InkvXym-\n°v \¬I-s∏- -Xm-sW∂p a\-

n-em-°p-hm≥ 10- mw A≤ym-b-ØneqsS Ffp-∏-Øn¬

km[n-°pw.

hmb-\-°m¿ hnip-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏- -h-cmWv (F-_m. 10:10).

hmb-\-°m¿ ssZh-Øn\p ap≥]m-sI- Ah-cpsS \ne-

]m-Sn¬ k¬KpW]q¿ÆcmWv (F-_m. 10:14).

hmb-\-°m¿ ktlm-Z-c-h¿§-amWv (F-_m. 10:19).

hmb-\-°m¿ Hcp ]Xym-i-bpsS G‰p ]d-®n-ens\

apdpsI∏nSn-°Ww (A-Xm-b-Xv, k -bn¬Øs∂ \ne-

\n-ev°-Ww, hm. 25) Aßs\ Ahn-izm-kn-I-fmb

blqZ-Iq-´p-Im¿°v InkvXp-hns\ G‰p-]-d-bp-Itbm

km£n-°p-Itbm sNøWw (F-_m. 10:23).

""\mw'' F∂ ]tbmKw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xp- hgn ap∂-

dn-bn∏v/ X\n°pw _m[-I-am-sW∂v teJI≥ km£o-

I-cn-°p-∂p. F_mbteJ-\-Im-c≥ Xo¿®-bmbpw Hcp

hnizm-kn-bmWv (F-_m. 10:26).

A·n F∂Xv \c-I-sØ-∏-‰n-bm-I-W-sa-∂n√ (F-_m.

10:27). sb»-ømhv 26:11 ep≈ bYm¿∞ hN\w imcocn-

Iamb ac -W-sØ-∏-‰n -bp -amImw ]d-bp -∂-Xv .

""tIm[m·n'' F∂Xv ""ITn-\-amb tIm[-Øns‚ Nqf''-

bmWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv. sk -\ymhv 1:18˛¬ ""Xo£vW-

Xm·n''sb∏‰n ]d-bp-∂p.

ChnsS∏d-bp∂ a\- nse ]ng \nXy-a-c-W-sØ-°mƒ

imcocnI ac-W-sØ-∏-‰n-bmWv (F-_m. 10:28).

CXv Ahn-izm-kn-°mbv tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-XmWv

F∂Xn\v klmbIcamb hmIy-ßƒ t]mepw ]d-

bp-∂Xv A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNø-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿ ""hnip-≤o-

I-cn-°-s∏- -h-cmWv'' F∂mWv (F-_m. 10:29).

I¿Ømhp Xs‚ P\sØ \ymbw hn[n°pw

(F-_m. 10:30)

F_m-b-te-J-\-Ønse hmZ-ßƒ°v sNhn-sIm-Sp-

Øm¬, 10- mw A≤ym-bØnse ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Iƒ c£

\jvS-s∏-SmsX Xs∂ InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°p≈ ap∂-dn-

bn-∏p-I-fmbn ImWmw. F_m-b¿ 10- mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬

i‡-amb ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Iƒ \¬I-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v,

\nXy-`ZX-bpsS D]-tZ-isØ apdp-sI-∏n-Sn-°p∂

]ecpw Icp-Xp-∂Xv Cu ap∂-dn-bn∏v Ahn-izm-kn-

Iƒ°p-≈-Xm-sW-∂m-Wv. F∂m¬ thZ-]p-kvXIw

hniz-kn-°p∂ k` hn v, Ipcn-ins\ \nµn-°p∂ a‰p

IqSn-h-c-hp-I-fp-ambn _‘s∏´p IqSp-∂-h-tcmSv ssZhw

tIm]n°p∂h\mWv F∂v Nn¥n°p∂XmWv \√Xv.

Cu ap∂-dn-bn∏v c£n-°-s∏- -h-sc-∏-‰n-bmsW∂v Icp-

Xn-bm¬, Cu hymJym\w -\n-Xy- ZX-bp-ambn tbmPn-

°p∂ Xc-Øn¬ \ap°p ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bpw. kXy-

Øns‚ ]cn-⁄m\w e`n-®-h-cpw, c£n-°-s∏-´-h-cp-

amWv teJ-\-hm-b-\-°m¿. k -bn¬ \n∂p hn´p-\n¬°p-

Ibpw (hm. 25:26) blq-Z-a-X-Øn-te°v XncnsI (hm. 26)

sN√p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-≠v, a\x-]q¿∆-ambn ]m]w

sNøp-∂-h¿, Ah-cpsS ]m]-]-cn-lm-c-Øn-\mbn arK-

ßsf bmKw A¿∏n-®m¬ ssZhw Ah-cpsS ]m]-ß-

sfm-s°bpw aqSn-°-f™v ssZh-hp-ambn Iq´mbva

_‘w \¬Ip-sa∂v hniz-kn-°m≥ ]mSn√ (hm. 26,

bmK-Øns‚ \n¿h-Nn-°p∂ 18- mw hmIyw ImWp-I).

ssZhw Hcp \ymbm-[n-]Xn F∂ \ne-bn¬, hnizm-kn-

I-fpsS ]m]-ß-sf√mw ssZh-Øns‚ apºn¬ £an-

°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p (hn-izm-k-Øm-ep≈ \oXoI-cWw).

F¥m-bm-epw, Hcp ]nXm-sh∂ \ne-bn¬ ssZh-Øn¬

\n∂p, hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v A\p-Zn\w £a e`n-t°-≠Xv

Bh-iy-am-Wv. k`mIqSn-h-c-hn¬ \n∂v ]n≥am-dp-Ibpw,

Ip‰-t_m[w IqSmsX blq-Z-a-X-Øn-te°v aS-ßn-h∂v

]s¶Sp°pIbpw sNøm≥ Ignbpw F∂v InkvXob

hmb-\-°m-cmb F_m-b¿ Nn¥n-°m≥ ]mSn-√. hnizm

knIfpambn IqSnhchn√msX, blqZ aX-hp-am-bp≈


243

_‘-Øn-te°v aS-ßn-t∏m-Ip∂ blq-Z-∑m-cmb

InkvXym-\n-Iƒ ssZh-Øn-¶¬ \n∂v tIm[m·n Pzen-

°p-∂-Xn\v Imc-W-am -bn -Øocpw (10:27). ]gb

DS-º-Snsb am‰n-h-®h¿ ac-W-tbm-Ky-cm-Wv. F∂m¬

]p-Xnb DS-ºSn ]men-°m-Ø-h¿, Is√-dn-™p-sIm-√p-

∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ \oN-amb/ thZ-\m-P-\-I-amb ac-W-

Øn\v tbmKy-cm-Wv. sX‰m-b -hn-izm-k-ß-fp≈ Hcp- Iq-

-sØbpw Ah-cp-sS-hn-izm-k-ß-sfbpw (b-lq-Z-a-Xw)

t]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-hm≥, k -bn¬ \n∂v hn´p t]mIp∂

Hcp-hn-izm-kn°p Ign-bpw. 29- mw hmIy-Øn¬ ]d-bp∂

thZ-imkvXw Hcp icn-bmb hnizm-kn°v hniz-kn-°p-

hm≥ Ign-bn-s√-¶n¬t]mepw, blq-Z-∑m-cmb Cu hnizm-

kn-Iƒ k` hn´p blq-Z-a-X-Øn-te°v Xncn-™m¬,

Ah¿ ssZh-Øns‚ tIm[w t\cn-tS≠n hcpw. 91 AXv.

""`b-¶-c-amb \ymb-hn--[n-°m-bp-s≈mcp ]Xo£'' Bbn-

cn-°pw. (hm. 27). ssZhw Zln-∏n-°p∂ tIm[w

shfn-hm°pw (hm. 27). 92 InkvXp-hn\p hntcm-[-am-bp≈

kwhn-[m-\-hp-ambn AØ-c-Øn¬ IqSp-Ibpw ]h¿Øn-

°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xv, ssZh-Øns‚ ]Xn-Imcw F∂v

hnfn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Xn‡-amb imcocnI acWw F∂

in£ A\p- -hn-t°-≠n-hcpw (hm. 28˛31).93 c£ \jvS-

s∏Spw F∂ Bibw [z\n-∏n-°msX Xs∂ hnizm-

kn-Iƒ°p≈ Hcp ap∂-dn-bn-∏mbn B thZ- m-KsØ

\ap°v a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. XpS¿∂p≈ Cu

hn`mKw Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv, F_m-b¿ 10- s‚

a‰p `mK-ßƒ Fß-s\-bmWv Cu hymJym-\-Øn-

s\m∏w \n¬°p-∂Xpw XpsWbv-°p-∂Xpw F∂v

ImWn-°p-hm-\m-Wv.

b F_m-b¿ 10: 32˛39 s‚ Hcp hymJym\w

ssZh-Øns‚ ITn-\-amb _mein-£bv°p hnt[-b-cm-

Ip∂ hnizm-kn-Isf kw_-‘n-®mWv Cu ap∂-dn-bn-

∏p-Iƒ F∂ Bi-b-tØmSv F_m-b¿ 10s‚ Ah-

km\ mKhpw tbmPn-°p∂p. InkvXobk` hn´p-t]m-

Ip-∂-Xn\p ]Icw, F_m-b¿ 10s‚ XpS¿∂p≈ hmIy-

ß-fn¬ ]d-bp∂ D]-tZ-i-ßƒ blq-Z-∑m-cmb hnizm-

kn-Iƒ ]men-t°-Ww. 35- mw hmIy-Øn¬ alm-]-Xn-

-e-ap≈, InkvXp-hns‚ Imcy-ß-fn-ep≈ Ah-cpsS

ss[cyw X≈n-°-f-b-cpXv F∂v ]d-bp-∂p. InkvXp-

hn-t\m-Sp≈ ka¿∏-W-Øn¬ XpS¿∂p-sIm≠v k -bn¬

\ne-\n-ev°p-∂-h¿°v \nXy-X-bn¬ ""alm--]-Xn- ew''

D≠mIpw (hm. 35).A-h-km-\-tØmfw kln-jvWX

ImWn-°p-∂-h\v hmKvZØw sNø-s∏- -]-Xn- -e-ßƒ

e`n°pw (hm. 36). \nXy-amb ho£-W-Øn¬, I¿Øm-

hns‚ hc-hn\p ap≥]v ""IjvSw'' ""Aev]-Imew'' amXta

\ne-\nev°q (hm. 37). AtX-k-a-bw, c£n-°-s∏- -P\w

Ah-cpsS Pohn-Xw apgp-h≥ hnizm-k-Øm¬ Pohn-

°Ww (hm. 38) 94 (F-_m-b¿ II, Cu hmZsØ \ymbo-

I-cn-°p-hm≥ hnizm-k-Øm¬ Pohn-X-ßƒ Pohn®

At\I \oXo-I-cn-°-s∏´hsc ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fmbn

°mWn-°p-∂p. hnizm-k-Øns‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬ \n∂p

]n≥am-dp-hm≥ IjvS-X-tbm, ka-Im-en-I-cpsS kΩ¿±

tam Ahsc A\phZn®n√). k -bnse tbmK-ß-fn¬

\n∂p ]n≥am-dp∂ (A-hsb Dt]-£n-°p-∂) P\-ßsf

ssZhw shdp-°p∂p (hm. 25). Ah¿ bqZ∏f-fn-bn-te°v

aS-ßp∂p (hm. 38). 39- mw hmIy-Øn¬ teJ-I≥ Xs∂-

∏‰nØs∂ ]d-bp-∂p-sh-¶n-epw, k` hn´p t]mIp-∂-

Xns‚ A]-I-S-ßfpw a‰pw a\- n-em°n°gn-bp-tºmƒ

a‰p≈ blq-Z≥am-cmb hnizm-kn-Ifpw hniz-kvX-cmbn

ØpS-cp-sa∂p At±lw Icp-Xp-∂p. ]pXnb DS-º-Sn-bn¬

\n∂pw k -bn¬ \n∂pw \mw]n≥am-dn-t∏m-I-cp-Xv. AXv

ssZh-ln-X-]Im-c-a-√msX Pohn-Xw ]mgm-°p-∂Xp hgn-

tbm, ac-W-Øn-\m-bp≈ in£ e`n-°p-∂-Xp-h-gn-tbm,

Cu PohnXw \miØnte°v (A¥yw) \bn°s∏Spw.95 adn-®v, hnizm-k-Øm¬ PohnXw \bn-°p-∂-h¿ Ah-


91 F_mb¿ 10˛s‚ Cu hniZoIcWw bmsXmcpXcØnepap≈ blqZhntcm[ap≈X√msb∂p At∏m-kvX-e-\mb ]utem-kn-s\-t∏m-se, bnkm-tb-ens\ kvt\ln-°bpw, AtXkabw Xs∂ Ah¿ ainlm X≈n-°-f-™-Xns\ FXn¿°p-Ibpw sNømw (tdm-a. 9:1˛5; 10:1).92 ""tIm[m·n'' (hmIyw 27) `bm-\-I-amb tIm[-Øns‚Hcp hnh-cWw amX-am-Imw. _mein£ Xo t]mse-bm-Wv.\ymb-hn-[n-bpsS knwlm-k-\-Ønse ]Xn- e\jvSw hne-bn-√mØ ]hr-Øn-Isf IØn®p If-bp-∂-Xn\pw Xpey-amWv (1 sImcn. 3:15).93 imcn-cnI ac-W-Øn-te°v \bn® ssZhnI in£-bpsSa‰v DZm-l-c-W-ß-fn¬ At∏m. ]h. 5:1˛11; 1 sImcn. 11:30; 1tbml. 5:16 F∂o `mK-ßƒ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p.

94 F_m. 10:38 se ]cn-Nn-X-amb D≤-cWn H∂n-e-[nIwhymJym-\-ßƒ°v km[y-X-bp-≈-Xm-Wv. ]tXy-Im¬,AXns‚ BZy-`m-K-amb l_-°q°v 2s‚ shfn-®-Øn¬""\oXn-am-∑m¿ hnizm-k-Øm¬ Pohn°pw'' F∂Xv ]utemkv]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se Xs∂ hnizm-k-Øm-ep-ff \oXoI-c-W-amWv (tdm-a. 1:17; Kem. 3:11). F∂m¬, l_-°p°v2˛s‚ shfn-®-Øn¬, Cu hm°p-Iƒ°v as‰mcp hymJym-\-ap-≠v. ssZhw Xs‚ hmKvZ-Ø-ßƒ \nd-th‰pw F∂ Imcywhniz-kn-®p-sIm≠v hcp-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ _m_n-temWyBIaWsØ t\cn-Sp-hm≥ ssZhw hnizm-kn-I-fn¬ \n∂p]Xo-£n-°p-∂p. ""\oXn-am≥ hnizm-k-Øm¬ Pohn°pw''F∂ hmNIw ""c£n-°-s∏´ P\w Ah-cpsS Pohn-X-Imewapgp-h\pw XpS¿am-\-amb hnizm-k-Øn¬ Pohn-°Ww'' F∂A¿∞-amWv \¬Ip-∂-sX∂v teJ-I≥ a\- n-em-°p-∂p.11-˛mw A≤ymbw apgp-h≥ teJ-I≥ F¥m-Wp-t±-in-®XvF∂v hnh-cn-°p-∂p. F_m-b¿ 11 se ]g-b-\n-ba hnip-≤-∑m¿ ImWn-®p-X∂ PohnXw \bn-°p-hm≥ IjvS-X-tbm,kΩ¿±tam H∂pw blq-Z-∑m-cmb hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v XS-k-am-IcpXv.95 ""\mi-Øn-te°v'' F∂ X¿÷na sNø-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂F_m. 10:39 se hm°v, a¿t°mkv 14:4˛¬ ""shdpw sNehv''F∂ AtX hm°m-Wv.

244

cp-sS -B-flm-°sf c£n°pw. AXns‚ eLp-hmb

A¿∞w, Ah¿ ]mb-Øn\p aptº-bp≈ acWw 96

A\p- -hn-t°≠n hcn√ F∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. 39- mw hmIy-

Ønse teJ-Is‚ ""Pohs‚'' \n¿h-N-\-Øn¬ a\p-

jy-\n-te°v Aeu-InI hkvXp-°ƒIqsS Dƒs∏-Sp-

Øp-∂-XmWv \∂v. hnizm-k-Øm¬ PohnXw \bn-®v,

k`bnse hnip-≤-∑m-cp-am-bp-≈ Iq´mbva ssIhn-Sm-Xn-

cn-°p-hm≥ Ah-cpsS Bflm-hns\ A[nIw B]-

Øn¬ \n∂pw thZ-\-bn¬ \n∂pw c£n-°p∂p/

Im°p∂p. 97 hnizm-k-Øm-ep≈ PohnXw \bn-°p-∂-

Xp-hgn amX-ta, Bflm-hns\ Cu temI-Øn-te°v hn´n-

cn-°p-∂-Xns‚ Dt±iyw km[n-°p-Ibp-≈q. Pohn-X-

Imew apgp-h-\p≈ hnizm-k-Øm¬, Xs‚ `qan-bnse

PohnXØn¬ Bflm-hns\ \jvS-am-°msX kwc-£n-

°p-hm≥ Hcp hnizm-kn°p Ign-bpw(1 Xnsam. 4:16 ¬

kam-\-amb Bi-b-ap-≠v). CXn-s\-Xn-cmWv kw -hn-°p-

∂Xv F¶n¬, Bflm-hns\ \nXy-ambn \jvS-am-hn√

F∂m¬ \ΩpsS `qan-bnse \ne-\nev]n¬ ssZh-

Øns‚ ]≤Xn XI¿°-s∏-Spw. 11- mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬

hnizm-k-Øm-ep≈ Pohn-X-ß-fpsS ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fn¬

tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂ t]mse, hnizm-k-Øm-ep≈

Pohn-X-amWv Bflm-hn\v A¿∞w \¬Ip-∂-Xv. ssZhw

Ah-cpsS Bflm-°sf krjvSn-°p-Ibpw temI-Øn-

em-°p-Ibpw sNbvX Imcy-Øns‚ Dt±-iyhpw

A¿∞hpw \ntd-h‰n kq£n® F√m hnizm-k-ho-c-∑m-

cpw. Cu Pohn-X-Øn¬ ssZhw X∂n´p≈ Ah-k-c-

ßƒ \jvSs∏SpØmsX Ah-cpsS amXrI ]n¥p-S-cp-

hm≥ F_m-b-cmb hnizm-kn-I-fn¬ \n∂v ]Xo-£n-

°p-∂p. \nXy-amb c£sb X≈n-°-f-bp-hm≥ th≠n

F_mb]pkvX-IsØ D]-tbm-Kn-°-cpXv. ]kw-Kn-°m-

\p-ff B[p-\nI]mtbmKnIX F¥m-sW-∂m¬, thZ-

]p-kvXIw hniz-kn-°p∂ k`-Isf hnizm-kn-Iƒ

ssIhn v c£n-Xm-hn-s\bpw Ipcn-in-s\bpw \nµn-°p∂

hn`m-K-ß-fp-ambn Iq´p-tN-cp-∂Xv ssZh-Øn\v tIm[-

ap-≠m-°p∂ Imcy-am-sW-∂-XmWv.

(3) D]-kw-lmcw

teJ-I≥ ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-I-fn-eqsS A`n-kw-t_m-[\

sNøp-∂Xv hnizm-kn-I-sfbmsW-¶nepw Ahn-izm-kn-

IsfbmsW¶nepw, F_m. 10:26˛31 AXn-s‚- X-\-Xmb

Ime-Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬ thWw hymJym-\n-°p-hm≥.

26-˛mw hmIy-Ønse a\:]q¿∆amb ]m]w 25˛mw

hmIyØnse ""k`m-tbm-K-ßsf Dt]-£-bmbn hnNm-

cn-°pI'' F∂XmWv. InkvXp-hns‚ HSp-hn-e-tØXpw

]q¿Æ-Xbp≈Xpamb bmK-Øn\p tij-ap≈ (hm. 18)

blq-Z-a-X-Ønse Hcp arK-Øns‚ bmKhpw ]m]-ßsf

tamNn°p∂n√ F∂-XmWv ""]m]-ßƒ°p-th≠n C\n

Hcp bmKhpw tijn-°msX'' F∂ hmNIw sIm≠v

A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv (hm. 26). as‰mcp Nn¥mKXn k`

hn´p blq-Z-a-X-Øn-te°v t]mIm-Xn-cn°phm≥ teJ-

I≥ Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°p ap∂-dn-bn∏p \¬Ip-∂p

F∂XmWv(A-h¿ k -bn¬ IqSn hcp-∂-h-cm-Wv). ]m]-

ßƒ sNøp-∂-h¿, tZhm-e-b-Ønse bmK-ßƒ Xß-

fpsS ]m]ßƒ tamNn°psa∂v IcpXm≥ ]mSn√.

as‰mcp km≤yXbp≈ ho£Ww Fs¥-∂m¬, k -

bnse AwKXzw hn v blq-Z-∏-≈n-bnse Iq´m-bva-bp-

ambn apt∂m´p t]mIm-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ teJ-I≥ hnizm-

kn-Iƒ°p ap∂-dn-bn∏p \¬Ip-∂p. Cu F_mb

InkvXym-\n-Iƒ Hcp ]t£ a\- n-em-°p∂n√m-bn-cn-

°mw, Cß-s\-bp-s≈mcp am‰w, Ah-cpsS hnizm-k-

ßƒ°v FXn-cm-bp-ff ho£-W-ßsf t]m’m-ln-∏n-

°p∂psh-∂Xv.

F_m. 10:26˛31 \nXy-amb `ZXsb XI¿°p∂p

shs∂bpw Nn¥n-°p-∂-h¿ ""a\x-]q¿∆-amb ]m]-ßƒ''

tijw ""]m]-ßƒ°p th≠n C\n Hcp bmKhpw

tijn-°p∂n√'' F∂ hmN-IsØ t\cn-Sp-hm≥ Xøm-

dm-bn-cn°Ww. CXv c£-sb-∏-‰n-bp≈ ]Tn-∏n-°-em-sW-

¶n¬, AXv c£ \jvS-s∏- m¬ XncnsI e`n-°p-I-bn√

F∂p ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p-sh∂p hcpw. A\m-h-iyhpw \n¿`m-

Ky-I-c-hp-amb Cu hymJym-\-ßƒ ImcWw Bfl-l-

Xy-sb-∏‰nt∏mepw Nn¥n® At\-I-hn-izm-kn-Isf Fgp-

Øp-Im-c≥ hy‡n-]-c-ambn kao-]n®v Iu¨kenMv

\S-Øn-bn´p-≠v.

f. A©m-asØ ap∂-dn-bn∏p `mKw: F_m. 12:25˛29

Acp-fn-s®-øp-∂-hs\ \nc-kn-°m-Xn-cn-∏m≥

t\m°p-hn≥. qan-bn¬ Acp-fn-s®-bvX-hs\ \nc-

kn-®-h¿ sX‰n Hgn-bm-sX-bn-cp-∂p F¶n¬ kz¿§-

Øn¬ \n∂v Acp-fn-s®-øp-∂-hs\ \mw hn´p-am-

dn-bm¬ FX A[nIw (F-_m. 12:25).

F_m-b-te-J-\-Ønse Ah-km\ ap∂-dnbn∏p `mKw

AXn\p ap≥]p≈ `mK-ßsf At]-£n®v `mj-bnse

hnhm-Z-ß-fn-√m-Ø-h-bm-Wv. Cu ap∂-dn-bn∏v hnizm-k-

Iƒ°p-≈-Xm-sW∂v Nn¥n-®mepw Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°p-

≈-XmsW∂v Nn¥n-®mepw, hm°p-Iƒ \nXy-amb

`ZXsb JWvUn-°p-∂n-√.


96 Ko°v hm°mb ""ssk°n'' F∂Xv ""Bflmhv'' F∂A¿∞-amWv F∂m¬ ]e-t∏mgpw ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ imco-cnIamb Pohs\ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. DZm. aØm. 2:3˛20-˛¬sltcm-Zmhv InkvXp F∂ inip-hns‚ Poh≥ FSp-°m≥ t\m°n (]m-W≥).97 Fgp-Øp-Im-cs‚ tUmIvS-td‰v ]T-\-Øns‚ k¿t∆-bn¬kvIntkm^o\nb F∂ tcmKw _m[n-®-h-cpsS _‘p-°-fmb hnizm-kn-Isf ]s¶-Sp-∏n-®p. withdrawing fromchurch. See Steven Waterhouse, Families of the MentallyIll, diss., Dallas Theological Seminary 1995.

245

(1) Ahn-izm-knIsf A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNøp∂

\nebn¬

Ahn-izm-kn-I-fmWv teJ-Is‚ a\- n-se-¶n¬,

InkvXp-hn¬ Bi-bn-°m-\p≈ £Ww \nc-kn-°-cpXv

F∂v A-h¿°p ap∂-dn-bn∏p \¬Ip∂p.

(2) hnizm-kn-Isf A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNøp-∂ \nebn¬

teJ-I≥ hnizm-kn-I-sf-bmWv A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNøp-

∂Xv F¶n¬, InkvXym-\n-I-tfmSv ssZhsØ A\p-

k-cn-°mXncn°cpXv F∂p ]d-bp-∂p. k -bn¬ \n∂p

]n∑mdn (F-_m. 10:25) blq-Z-a-X-Øn-te°v ]s¶-Sp-

°p-hm≥ aS-ßp-∂-Xn\p ]I-cw, hnizm-kn-Iƒ ""\µn-

bp-≈-h-cmbn ssZh-Øn\p ]kmZw hcp-amdv `‡n-

tbmSpw `b-tØmSpw IqsS tkh'' sNøWw (hm. 28).

Cu ap∂-dn-bn∏v Ah-K-Wn-®m¬, Ah¿ ssZ-h-Øns‚

ITn-\-amb _me-in-£bv°p hnt[-b-cm-tI-≠n-h-cpw.

""A·n'' F∂ kqN\ hnizmkn t\cn-tS≠n hcp∂

_me-in-£-bmWv (F-_m. 12:5˛13).

g. F_m-b-te-J-\-Øn-ep≈ ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-I-fpsS

D]kw-lmcw

F_mb]pkvXIw ]Tn-°p∂ GXp hnZym¿∞nbpw

AXns‚ BZysØ hmb-\-°m¿ Bcm-bn-cp∂p F∂-

Xns\∏‰n-bp≈ Imcy-Øn¬ Hcp t]m-cm-´-Øn-em-Wv.

F_mb k -I-fp-ambn IqSn-°-e¿∂ Ahn-izm-kn-I-

fmtWm Ah¿? Ah¿ I¿i-\-ambpw blq-Z-∑m-cmb

InkvXym-\n-I-fmtWm? hmb-\-°m-cpsS BflnI \ne-

hm-c-sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ \nK-a-\w, ap∂-dn-bn∏p `mK-ßsf

IrXy-ambn a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn¬ hfsc kzm[o\w

sNep-Øp-∂p. F¥m-bm-epw, Ccp-]-£-ßfpw c£

\jvS-s∏-Sp-I-bn√ F∂ Bibw Dƒs°m-≈p∂

ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Iƒ hymJym-\n-°p-hm≥ CS-bm-°p-∂p.

Ahn-izm-kn-I-fmb F_m-b¿°v c£-bn-te°v IS-∂p-

h-cp-∂-Xn-\p≈ ap∂-dn-bn-∏m-bn-cn-°mw Fgp-Øp-

Im-c≥ \¬Ip-∂-Xv. Hcp ]t£ Cu F_m-b¿ kXyw

At\z-jn-°p-∂-hcpw InkvXp-hns‚ AhImi hmZ-

ßƒ ]cn-K-Wn-°p-hm≥ th≠n-k- -bn¬ IqSn hcp-∂-

h-cp-am-bn--cn-°mw. Xo¿®-bm-bpw, blq-Z-∑m-cmb Iq´p-Im¿

Ah¿ blq-Z-∏≈nbnte°v aS-ßp-hm≥ Bh-iy-s∏-

Sp-∂p. A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNø-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿ c£n-°-s∏-

Sm-ØhcmsW¶n¬, \cIm·nbn¬ \n∂p -c£-s∏-Sp-

hm≥ th≠n I¿Ømhn¬ Bi-bn-°p-hm≥ Fgp-Øp-

Im-c≥ ap∂-dn-bn∏p \¬Ip-∂p.

F∂m¬ F_mbteJ-\-Ønse ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Iƒ hn-

izm-kn-Iƒ°p≈XmIm-\mWv km≤y-X. Cu InkvXym-

\n-I-tfmSv k -bn¬ \n∂p ]n≥am-dp-hm\pw blqZ∏≈n-

bp-ambn kmaq-lnI _‘-ß-fn-te°v aS-ßp-hm\pw

At\-I¿ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p. Ah¿ tbip-hn¬ hniz-

kn-®n-cn-s°-Ø-s∂, I¿Øm-hns\ FXn¿°p-∂-h-cp-

ambn ]£w tNcp-hm≥ km[y-X-bp≠v F∂ A]-I-S-

ap-≠v.-Hcp F_mbhnizmkn k`- hn´p t]mbm¬,

Ah≥ Cu Pohn-X-Øn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ alm-tIm[w

_me-in-£-bn-eq-sS-bpw, ]Xn-^-e-ß-fpsS \jvSw

InkvXp-hns‚ \ymbm-k-\-Ønepw t\cn-tS-≠n-h-

cpsa∂v F-gp-Øp-Im-c≥ ap∂-dn-bn∏p \¬Ip-∂p, . GXp

hymJy-\-am-bm-epw, Hcp-h\v \nXy-amb `ZX \ne-

\n¿Ømw.

14. bmt°m_v 2:18˛26

F∂m¬ Hcp-Ø≥: \n\°p hnizmkw D≠v;

F\n°p ]hrØn-Iƒ D≠v F∂p ]d-bp-am-bn-

cn-°pw. \ns‚ hnizmkw ]hr-Øn-Iƒ IqSmsX

ImWn®p Xcn-I; Rm\pw Fs‚ hnizmkw ]hr-

Øn-I-fm¬ ImWn-®p-Xcmw. ssZhw GI≥

F∂p \o hniz-kn-°p-∂pthm1 sIm≈mw; ]nim-

Np-°fpw Aßs\ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw hnsdbv-

°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p... Cßs\ Bflm-hn-√mØ

icocw \n¿÷o-h-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse ]hr-

Øn-bn-√mØ hnizm-khpw \n¿÷o-h-am-Ip∂p

(bm-t°m-_v. 2:18, 19, 26).

(bm-t°m_v 2 s\-∏-‰n-bp≈ IqSp-X¬ ]-T-\w, 9˛mw

A≤ym-bw, 2˛mw `mKØv: '"c£ ]mtbm-Kn-I-X-e-

Øn¬'' ""c£ t\Sp-hm≥ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw ]hr-Øn-

°p-Ibpw sNøpI''). bmt°m_v 2 a\- n-em-°p-hm-

\p≈ Xmt°m¬, bmt°m_v \n¿h-Nn-°p∂ hnizmkw

]c-º-cm-K-X-amb D]-tZ-i-Øn-ep≈ _p≤n-]-c-amb

hnizmkw amX-amWv 98 (D-Zm. hm. 19). Aß-s\-bp≈

hnizmkw c£n-°p-∂-X-√. kXy-am-bn- p≈ hnizmkw

]-tXy-I-k-a-bØv Hcp-]-cn[n hsc \√ ]hr-Øn-Ifn¬


98bmt°m-_n\v ]utem-kn¬ \n∂v hyXy-kvXamb Hcp\n¿h-N\w \oXn-I-c-W-Øn-\p-≠v. \oXn-I-cWw F∂m¬""\oXn -]m-]n-°pI'' ]utemkv ssZh-Øm-ep≈ \oXn-I-c-W-Øns‚ Imcy-sa-gp-Xp-∂p. ssZhw F∂ \ymbm[n-]-Xn°vap∂n¬ Hcp hy‡n hnizm-k-Øm¬ amX-amWv \oXoI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬, bmt°m_v a‰p≈ P\-ßƒ°v\oXn -]-tLm-jn-°p-hm-\p≈ Ah-Im-isØ ImWn-°p-∂p.Hcp hy‡n c£n-°-s∏- -XmtWm A√tbm F∂p a‰p-≈-h¿ Fßs\ Adnbpw? a‰p-≈-h¿ Hcp hy‡nsb \oXn-am≥ F∂p hn[n-°p-∂Xv hnizm-k-Øn-s‚-bpw, ImW-s∏-Sm-hp∂ ]hr-Øn-I-fp-sSbpw shfn-®-Øn-em-Wv. hnizmkaqehpw ]hrØn aqehpw A_lmw \oXn-am-\m-sW∂vP\w ]kvXm-hn-®p. Fßs\sb∂m¬, A_lmw ssZh-Øns‚ apºmsI \oXn-I-cn-°-s∏´p (c-£n-°-s∏-Sp-I),PohnXØnepw \oXn-am-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Xs‚ hnizm-k-Øn-s‚bpw \√ ]hr-Øn-I-fp-sSbpw ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ P\-ßƒA_-lm-ans\ ""ssZh-Øns‚ kvt\ln-X≥'' F∂p hnfn®p(hm. 23).

246

shfn-s∏-Sp-∂p. Hcp hy‡n Hcp -\√ ]hr-Ønbpw

sNøp-∂n√ F¶n¬, Ah¿ In-kvXp-hn¬ CXp-hsc

Xs‚ Bibw h®n-ń√ F∂m-W¿∞w; A√msX

Ahs‚ c£ \jvS-s∏- p-sh-∂-√.

\√ ]hr-Øn-I-fpsS ]q¿Æ-amb Akm-∂n-≤ysØ

ssZhw Fßs\ \n¿h-Nn-°p-sa-∂-dn-bp-hm≥ Akm-

≤y-am-Wv. F∂m¬ Hcp-h≥In-kvXp-hn¬ bYm¿∞-

ambn Bi-bn-®n-´pt≠m AtXm-Nne thZ-imkvX

bmYm¿∞y-ß-fn¬ _p≤n-]-c-amb hnizmkw amX-

amtWm D≈Xv F∂v Hcp ]cn-tim-[\ \S-Øp-hm≥

bmt°m-_ns‚ ap∂-dnbn∏v Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p. G‰p ]d-

b-s∏-SmØ ]m]-Øns‚ Ahÿ as‰m-cm-fpsS Pohn-

X-Øn¬ Hcp InkvXob]h¿Ø-I≥ i≤n-°p-

IbmsW-¶n¬, Abmƒ icn-bmbn InkvXp-hn¬ Bi-

bn-®n-ń√ F∂ Bibw Duln-s®-SpØv, At±-l-

tØmSv kphn-tijw ]¶p hbv°p-∂Xv DØ-a-am-bn-

cn°pw. F∂m¬ B hy‡n c£ \jvS-s∏- -h-\m-bn-

cn°pw F∂p Nn¥n-°p-∂Xv icn-b-√. bmt°m-_ns‚

teJ-\-Ønse kmlNcyw Hcn-°epw c£n-°-s∏- n-

ń-√mØ Hcp hy‡n-bp-tS-bm-bn-cn°pw; ImcWw,

Ahs‚ hnizm-kw- tIhew _p≤n-]-c-am-bn-cn°pw

A√msX c£-Is\∂ \nebn¬ InkvXphnep≈

hy‡n-]-c-amb Bi-b-a-√.

15. bmt°m_v 5:19˛20

ktlm-Z-c-∑m-tc, \nß-fn¬ Hcp-h≥ kXyw hn´p

sX‰n-t∏mIbpw Ahs\ Hcp-h≥ Xncn®p hcp-

Øp-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ ]m]nsb t\¿h-gn°v

B°p-∂-h≥ Ahs‚ ]mWs\ acW--Øn¬

\n∂p c£n-°bpw ]m]-ß-fpsS _lpXzw

asdbv°bpw sN-øp-∂p F∂p Ah≥ Adn-™p-

sIm-≈-s´(bmt°m. 5:19, 20).

Bflm-hn-\p≈ Ko°v hm°v (ssk-s°) Cu Pohn-

X-Ønse imco-cnI \ne-\nev]ns\ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.

an° thZ-]-Tn-Xm-°fpw Bflmhv acn-°p-∂-Xp-ambn

_‘-ap≈ hmN-IsØ BflnIac-W-ambn a\- n-em-

°p-∂p. F∂m¬ th-Z-]p-kvXIw an°-t∏mgpw imcocnI

ac-WsØ Bflm-hns‚ th¿]mSpambn Xmc-X-ay-s∏-

Sp-Øp-∂p. X\-Xmb `mj-bn¬ DZm-l-c-W-ß-fmb

hmIy-ß-fn¬ aØm. 2:20, At∏m. ]h. 15:26; 27:22.

D]-tZ-i-Øn-sebpw aqey-ß-fnsebpw sX‰p-I-fn¬ \n∂v

InkvXym\nIfm-b-h¿ XncnsI hcp-hm≥ bmt°m_v

5:20 eqsS t]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂p. he-™p-t]m-Ip∂

hn-izm-kn-Isf c£n-°p-∂-h¿ imcocnIac-W-Øn¬

\n∂v Po-hs\ kwc-£n-°p-∂p. ssZhØns‚ _me-

in£ Nne-t∏mƒ Cu temI-Øn¬ \n∂p \sΩ am‰n-

°-f-bpI t]mepw sNbvtX-°mw. (1 sImcn. 11:30;

1 tbml. 5:16) AXnep]cn, ssZhw t\cn v acWw \S-

∏m-ImsX Xs∂ ]e ]m]-ßfpw kz`m-hn-I-ambn ac-

W-Øn-te°v \bn°pw (A-[m¿Ωn-I-X, Bfl-l-Xy,

aZy-]m-\w, Ip‰-IrXyw XpS-ßn-b-h) kZr-i-hm-Iy-ß-

fn¬ XpS¿®-bmbn ]m]hpw imcocnIac-Whpw XΩn-

ep≈ _‘-sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ ap∂-dn-bn∏p ImWmw

(k-Zr. 2:18; 5:5; 14:12; 21:16).

Nne tcmK-ßƒ ]m]w aqe-am-Wp-≠m-Ip-∂sX∂p hniz-

kn-°m-\p≈ km[yX bmt°m_v 5se BibØn¬

Dƒs∏Sp∂p. -A-Xp-sIm≠v sX‰p-Iƒ G‰-]-d-bp-∂-Xv,

ssZhw BtcmKyw ho≠pw \¬Ip-hm-\p≈ Hcp

][m\ -Im-c-W-amWv ( 5:15˛16). Cu Bi-b-ß-fpsS

hni-Zo-I-c-W-ßƒ \¬In-s°m-≠mWv bmt°m_v

Xs‚ ]pkvXIw Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Hcp hnizm-

knsb am\-km-¥-c-Øn-te°v \bn-°p∂ Hcp-h≥

Ahs‚ imcocnI Pohs‚ Bbp p Iq´p-∂p.

bmt°m_v 5 se hnj-bw, imcocnI Pohs‚

\jvSØn\p≈ km≤yX bmWv, F∂m¬ \nXy-Po-

hs‚ \jvS-a-√.

16. 2 ]sXmkv 1:10˛11

AXp-sIm≠v ktlm-Z-c-∑m-tc, \nß-fpsS

hnfnbpw Xnc-s™-Sp∏pw Dd-∏m-°p-hm≥ A[nIw

ian-∏n≥. Cßs\ sNbvXm¬ \nßƒ Hcp

\mfpw CS-dn-t∏m-ImsX \ΩpsS I¿Ømhpw

c£n-Xm-hp-amb tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ -\n-Xy-cm-

Py-Øn-te-°p≈ ]th-i\w [mcm-f-ambn

]m]n°pw (2 ]sXm. 1:10˛11).

]sXm-kns‚ hm°p-Iƒ Xo¿®-bmbpw InkvXym-\n-

I-tfmSv A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNø-s∏-´-XmWv (hm. 3).

F¶n-epw, At\I InkvXym-\n-Iƒ ssZhw -\¬In-bn-

cn-°p∂ A\p-K-l-ßsf ad∂pIf-bp-∂p. 2 ]-sXm.

1:9˛¬ hm¿≤n-Iy-Øns‚ e£WamWv ]dbp∂Xv.

hm¿≤IyImehpambn h®v Xmc-Xayw sNøp-tºmƒ,

At\I h¿j-ß-fmbn c£n°-s∏´ Hcp hy‡n°v

InkvXob A\p-K-l-ßfpw DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ßfpw

kw_‘n®v lrkzZrjvSnbp≈h\mIphm\pw

InkvXp-hn-te-°p≈ BZy]cn-h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ A\p-

K-l-ßƒ ad-∂pt]m-Ip-hm\pw Ign-bpw.

10, 11 hmIy-ß-fn¬ ]sXmkv BflnI hm¿≤Iy-Øn-

s\-Xnsc ap∂-dn-bn∏p \evIp∂p. 10˛mw hmIyw,

a[yi_vZ-Øn¬ In-bm-]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. AXns\

""\nß-fpsS hnfn-bpw- Xn-c-s™-Sp∏pw Dd-∏m-°p-hn≥''

F∂v X¿÷na sNømw. Hcp hnizm-kn-bpsS Xnc-s™-

Sp∏v ap≥]p-IqńØs∂ Dd-∏n-®-XmWv F∂Xv Hcp

bmYm¿∞y-am-Wv. ssZhw Hcp hnizm-knsb kz¿§-Øn-

te°v sIm≠p-h-cpw. F∂m¬, Nne InkvXym-


247

\nIƒ°v Ah¿ ssI∏-‰n-bn-cn-°p∂ ZXsb-∏‰n Hcp

Dd-∏n-√. InkvXob PohnXØnse D’mlw Hcp

hnizm-knsb kpc-£n-X\m-°p-∂n-√, F∂m¬ AXv

Ahs‚ D≈n-ep≈ B Dd-∏ns\ Bg-ap-≈-Xm-°p-∂p.

hnizm-k-Øn¬ hf¿∂v, kz`m-h-Øn¬ I¿Øm-hmb

tbip-In-kvXp-hn-s\-t∏mse Bbn-Øo-cpI F∂-XmWv

A\m-h-iy-amb kwi-b-ßƒ Hgn-hm-°m-\p≈ AYhm

AXn-Po-hn-°p-hm-\p≈ Hcp am¿§w. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hp-

ambn ASp-Øp≈ Hcp _‘w c£-bpsS Dd∏v h¿≤n-

∏n-°p∂p (tdm-a. 8:16; 1 tbml. 5:7, 10, 11). 2 ]sXm.

1:10- ¬ D’m-l-]q¿∆w c£-bpsS Dd-∏ns\ Bg-ta-dn-

b-Xm-°p-hm≥ hnizm-kn-I-tfmSv A`y¿∞n-°p-∂p.

Aßs\ sNbvXm¬ Hcp hnizmkn kwi-b-ß-fn-te°v

hgpXnhogp-I-bn-√. ]m]w Ahs‚ ta¬ I¿XrXzw \S-

Øp-I-bn-√. Hcp hnizmkn I¿Øm-hp-am-bp≈ Iq´mbvam

_‘-Øn¬ \n∂pw ]n≥am-dn-t∏m-hp-I-bn-√.

AØ-c-Øn-ep≈ D’m-l-Øns‚ A\p-Klw 2

]sXm. 1:11- ¬ ImWp-∂p. k¬]hr-Øn-I-fm¬ kz¿§-

Øn-te-°p≈ Hcp ]th-i-\w ]sXmkv \¬Ip∂n√.

adn®v Hcp [mcm-f-amb ]th-i-\-sØ-∏‰n At±lw

]d-bp-∂p. Nne hnizm-kn-Iƒ c£n-°-s∏Spw F∂m¬

sNdnb ]Xn- ew amXta e`n°q (A-h¿ G‰-hpw

Ipd™ \ne-bn¬ ssZh-cm-PyØn¬ ]th-in-°pw,

F∂m¬ [mcm-f-amb ]th-i\w Bkz-Zn-°p-I-bn-√,

1 sImcn. 3:15). ]sXm-kns‚ Iev]\ A\p-k-cn-°p-

∂-h¿ ssZh-cm-Py-Øn-te°v [mcm-f-ambn ]th-in-°pw.

2 ]sXm. 1˛¬ ]d-bp∂ IW°v c£tbm c£-bpsS

\jvStam A√. AhnsS ]d-bp-∂Xv c£-bpsS Dd-

∏ns\∏‰nbpw kwi-b-sØ-∏-‰n-bp-am-Wv. AXv kz¿§-

Ønse km[m-cW Hcp ]th-i-\-hpw, [mcm-f-amb

]th-i-\hpw XΩn-ep≈ Hcp t]mcm- -am-Wv.

17. 2 ]sXm-kv. 2:20˛22

I¿Ømhpw c£n-Xm-hp-amb tbip- In-kvXp-

hns‚ ]cn -⁄m-\-Øm¬ tem-I-Øns‚

amen\yw hnt´m-Sn-b-h¿ AXn¬ho≠pw IpSp-ßn-

tXm‰p-t]m-bm¬ Ah-cpsS HSp-hn-esØ ÿnXn

BZy-tØ-Xn-s\-°mƒ A[nIw hj-fm-bn-

t∏mbn. Xßƒ°v Gev]n-®p-In-´nb hnip≤

Iev] \sb \oXn-bpsS hgn Adn-™-tijw

hn´p-I-f-bp-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ AXv Adn-bm-Xn-cn-°p-

∂Xv Ah¿°v \∂m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ kz¥

N¿±n°p Xncn™ \msb∂pw Ipfn-®n´p sNfn-

bn¬ Dcp-fp-hm≥ Xncn™ ]∂n-sb-∂p-ap≈

kXy-amb ]g-s©m-√p-t]mse Ah¿°p kw -

hn-®p(2 ]sXm. 2:20˛22).

]sXmkv Xo¿®-bmbpw Ahn-izm-kn-I-sf-∏-‰n-bmWv

Fgp-Xp-∂-Xv. Cu A≤ymbw XpS-ßp-∂XpXs∂

""\mYs\ X≈n-∏-d™'' ""I≈-]-hm-N-I-∑msc'' ∏‰n

]d-™p-sIm-≠mWv (hm. 1). CXv Ahn-izm-kn-I-

tfmSmWv F∂p a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ DX-Ip∂ At\I

kqN-\-Iƒ B hmZ-Øn-ep-S-\o-f-ap-≠v. 9˛mw hmIy

Øn¬ Ah ""\ymbhn[n Znh-k-Øn -\mbn''

Im°s∏Sp∂p sh∂v ImWmw. 12˛mw hmIy-Øn¬

Ah¿ ""\in-®p-t]mIpw'' F∂pw 14-˛mw hmIy-Øn¬

]cma¿in°s∏ ´h¿ ""im]-tbm-Ky-∑m¿'' F∂pw ]d-

bp-∂p. ""sh≈-an-√mØ A\p`hw'' F∂Xv, (hm. 17),

Poh-P-e-Øns‚ Ipd-hn-s\-∏‰n Hm¿Ωn∏n-°p-∂p (tbm

l. 4:14). 17-˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ ]cma¿in°p∂h¿°v,

Iqcn-cp v kwK-ln-®n-cn-°p-∂p. kam-\-amb Hcp ImgvN-

∏mSv bqZ \¬Ip-∂p. bqZ 19- ¬ I≈ D]tZjvSm°∑m¿

""Bflm-hn-√m-Ø-h¿'' F∂p ]d-bp-∂p. Xo¿®-bmbpw

]sXm-kns‚ ]cm-a¿iw Ahn-izm-kn-Ifm-b-h-sc-∏-‰n-

bm-Wv. InkvXp-hns\ CXp-hsc Bi-bn-®n -´n -

√mØhsc-∏-‰n-bmWv At±lw ]d-bp-∂Xv (A-√msX

c£ \jvS-s∏´ hnizm-kn-I-sf-∏-‰n-b-√). c£n-°-s∏-

Sm-Ø-h-cmb Cu I≈-]-hm-N-I-∑m¿, I¿Øm-hmb

tbip-hn-s\-∏-‰n-bp≈ ]cn-⁄m\w \nanØw [m¿Ωn-

I-amb If¶w -]-‰msX XmXv°m-en-I-ambn c£-s∏-

Sp∂p. ]cn -⁄m\w F∂v ChnsS ]d-bp-∂-Xv,

InkvXphns\ c£n-Xm-hmbn a\ nem°n Ah\n¬

Bi-bn--°p-∂-X-√. Ah¿°v InkvXp-hn-s\-∏-‰n-bp≈

hnh-cWßƒ Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p. IqSmsX, [m¿Ωn-I-

amb ]ptcm-KXn \¬Inb Ahs‚ ]Tn-∏n-°-ep-Iƒ

lrZn-ÿ-am-°n-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ InkvXp-hn-ep≈ icn-

bmb ho≠pw-P-\\w ]m]n-®n-cp-∂n-√. c£n°-s∏-Sm-

Ø-hcmb At\I P\-ßƒ InkvXob]Tn-∏n-°-ep-

ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-I-hgn [m¿Ωn-I-amb ]ptcm-KXn

]m]n-°p-∂p. Ah¿°p ]Øp Iev]-\-Iƒ, kph¿Æ

\nb-aw, \√ ia-cn-bm-°m-cs‚ D]a XpS-ßn-b-h-sb√mw

Adnbmw. Aßs\ bp≈ ⁄m\w amXw c£n-°p∂

hnizm-k-am-Ip-∂n-√. F∂m¬ AXv [m¿ΩnI \ne-hmcw

Db¿Øp-∂p.

F¶n-epw, c£n-°p∂ hnizmkw IqSmsX [m¿Ωn-I-

amb ]ptcm-KXn A\p- -hn-°p-∂-h¿, ]gb ]m]-I-c-

amb ioe-ß-fn-te°v99 Xn-cn-sI-t∏m-bm¬ Zpcn-X-]q¿Æ-

amb A¥y-Øn¬ sN∂p-s]-Sp-∂p. InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-

kn-°msX Xs∂ ssZh-Øns‚ ]cn-ip-≤-amb Iev]-

\-I-fpsS ]cn-⁄m-\sØ Xnc-kvI-cn-°p-∂-h-cmWv


99. CtX kXyw Xs∂ aØmbn 12:43˛45 hmIy-ß-fn-ep-ffI¿Øm-hns‚ ]Tn-∏n-°¬ hgn a\- n-em-°n-sb-Sp-°p-hm≥Ignbpw

248

aq∂v Imc-W-ßƒ sIm≠v G‰hpw tami-°m-cm-b-h¿.

H∂m-a-Xm-bn, XpS¿®-bmbn kphn-ti-j-hp-ambn G‰p-

ap- n-bm¬t]mepw Ahsc FØn-∏n-Sn-°p-hm≥ AX

Ffp-∏-a-√. kphn-ti-jsØ Hcn-°¬ X≈n-°-f-™m¬

AXv ]n∂oSv kzoI-cn-°p-hm≥ ]bm-k-am-Ipw-h-Æw,

InkvXp-hn¬ Bi-bn-°p-hm-\p-ff mhn £W-ß-tfmSv

ITn-\-ambn ]Xn-I-cn-°p-hm-\n-S-bm-Ipw. c≠m-a-Xm-bn,

InkvXobhnizm-k-Øns‚ [m¿Ωn-I-amb \ne-hm-

csØ X≈n-°-f-bp-∂-h¿, InkvXob \ne-hm-c-hp-ambn

_‘-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\p ap≥]p≈ [m¿ΩnI\ne-hm-c-sØ-

°mƒ tami-I-c-amb \ne-bn-te°v X≈-s∏-Sp-hm≥

km[y-X-bp-≠v. kphn-ti-j-sØbpw hnip-≤n-°m-bp≈

Iev]-\-I-sfbpw \nc-kn-°p-∂Xv A[n-I-amb ZpjvS-

X-bn-te°pw, a¬∏n-SnØ-Øn-te°pw \bn-°pw. Ah-

km-\-am-bn, kXy-Øns‚ Cu henb ]cn-⁄m-\-Øn-

s\-Xn-cmbn InkvXp-hns\ X≈n-°-f-bp∂h¿°v AXn-

tesd hep-Xmb \nXy in£ e`n-°p-hm-\n-S-bm-Ipw.

Cu Imcyw aØm. 10:15; 11:20˛24; eqt°m. 10:12, 14;

12:47, 48 F∂o hmIy-ß-fn¬ I¿Ømhp Xs∂ ]Tn-

∏n-°p-∂p. ssZh-Øns‚ kXy-ß-tfmSv IqSpX¬ ]cn-

Nbw h∂-Xn-\p-tijw Ahn-izm-khpw ]m]hpw

\nanØw ]n≥am-dn-t∏m-Ip-∂-h¿, Ah-k-c-ßƒ In´msX

t]mb-h-sc-°mƒ A[nIw \nXy-amb in£ A\p- -hn-

t°-≠n-h-cpw.

18. 1 tbml. 5:16

ktlm-Z-c≥ ac-W-Øn-\-√msX ]m]w sNøp-

∂Xv Bsc-¶nepw I≠m¬ At]-£n-°mw;

ssZhw Ah\p Pohs\ sImSp°pw; ac-W-Øn-

\-√msX ]m]w sNøp-∂-h¿°p Xs∂; ac-W-

Øn-\p≈ ]m]w D≠v; AXn -s\-°p -dn®v

At]-£n-°Ww F∂p Rm≥ ]d-bp-∂n-√

(1 tbml. 5:16).

1 tbml. 5:16 se hnjbw Kuchamb ]m]-Øn¬s∏-

ń-cn-°p∂ ktlm-Z-c-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ ]m¿∞-\-bm-Wv.

Hcp InkvXym-\nsb Cu `qan-bn¬ \n∂v \o°n°f-

bp-hm≥ Imc-W-am-Ip∂ ]m]-Øns‚ ]Ir-Xnbpw

AXns‚ \nebpw ssZhw amXta Adn-bp-∂p≈q.

F¥m-bmepw Nne-t∏mƒ ssZhw ]m]n-I-fmb hnizm-

kn-Isf `h-\-Øn-te°v tN¿°p-∂p. tbml-∂ms‚

hm°p-Iƒ t\m°p-tºmƒ, AhnsS GXp Xc-Øn-ep≈

]m]-amWv F∂Xv ]d-™n- n√ F∂ Imcyw it≤-b-

amWv. ""ac-W-Øn-\p≈ ]m]w D≠v''.

Nne-t∏mƒ ssZhw Hcp hnizm-knsb _me-in£

\¬In s]s´-∂p≈ imco-cnI ac-W-Øn\v Gev∏n-

°p∂p (A-t∏m. ]hr. 5:1˛11 hsc). ""AXn-s\-°p-dn®v

At]£n°Ww F∂p Rm≥ ]d-bp-∂n√'' F∂

hmNIw (A-Xm-b-Xv, Chn-sS, s]s´-∂p≈ ac-Ww).

]m¿∞-\sb XS-bp∂ Hcp hmN-I-a-√. adn®v ]m]n-

bmbn Pohn-°p∂ Hcp ktlm-Z-c-\p-th≠n ]m¿∞n-

°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂p≈ ]tXy-I-amb Hcp Hgn-hm-W-Xv.

AXns\ \ap-°n-ßs\ Npcp-°n-∏-d-bmw. ""cl-ky-Øn¬

]m]w sNøp-I-bpw, ]ns∂ s]s´∂v ac-W-aSbp-Ibpw

sNøp-∂ ktlm-Z-c-\p-th≠n ]m¿∞n-°p-hm≥ \o

DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-s∏- -ht\m IW-°p-sIm-Sp-t°-≠-ht\m

A√. F∂m¬ KuchambXpw ]Xy-£-ambXpamb

]m]-Øn¬Po-hn-°p∂ (Po-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂) ktlm-Z-c-\p-

th≠n ]m¿∞n-°p-hm≥ \o ISs∏´h\mWv.

Hcp Iq´p-Im-c‚ ac-Ww, sX‰mb Ip‰-t_m-[-Øns‚

Nn¥ \Ωn¬ sIm≠p-h-cmw. ssZh-Øns‚ _me-in£

apJm-¥cw s]s´∂v ac-W-a-S-bp∂ hnizm-kn-sb-

tbm¿Øv Bcpw- sX-‰mb Ip‰-t_m[w kln-°p-hm≥

tbml-∂m≥ BK-ln-°p-∂n-√, ImcWw ktlm-Z-c-

ls‚ ac-W-ti-j-amWv Ahs‚ cl-ky-]m-]-ßƒ

sXfn-hmbn hcp-∂-Xv. Hcp Iq´p-Im-c≥ Kuchamb

]m]Øn¬ Dƒs∏ń´p≠v F∂v Adnbns√¶n¬

t]mepw Ahs‚ acWw ]m¿∞-\-bn-√m-sX-t]m-b-Xp-

sIm-≠mWv F∂v Nne ip≤ a\- m-£n-Iƒ Nn¥n-

°p-hm-\n-S-bp-≠v. clky]m]-ßƒ apJm-¥cw A]-

Xo-£-amb ac-W-a-S-bp∂ ktlm-Z-c-\p-th≠n ]m¿∞n-

°p-hm≥ D≈ DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw ssZhw \sΩ Gev]n-

®n-ń√ F∂p- Xs‚ hmb-\-°m¿ Adn-bWsa∂p

tbml-∂m≥ BK-ln-°p∂p; ImcWw, Ah-cpsS ]m]-

ßƒ F¥m-sW∂p t]mepw \ap-°-dn-bn-√. 1 tbml.

5:16˛¬ -D≈, ]m]-Øn-¬ Pohn°p∂ ktlm-Z-c-\p-

th≠n ]m¿∞n-°p-hm-\p≈ Iev]-\-bn¬ \n∂v Ah¿

Xß-sf-Øs∂ Hgn-hp-≈-h-cmbn°mW-Ww.

Kuchamb ]m]-Øn-ep≈ Hcp hnizm-knbpw km[m-c-

W-K-Xn-bn¬ s]s´∂v ac-W-a-S-bp-∂n-√. Xß-fpsS

ktlm-Z-cs‚ ]›mØm]Øn\pth≠n ]m¿∞n-°p-

hm\pw Ah-t\mSv IcpW ImWn-°p-hm-\p-ap≈ kabw

a‰p -In-kvXym-\n-Iƒ°p e`n-°pw. B hnizm-kn,

XpS¿∂pw Pohn-°ps∂¶n¬, F¶nepw Ah≥ Xs‚

Pohs\ hne-bm°n sh®mWv ]m]-Øn¬ XpS-cp-∂Xv

(1 sImcn. 11:30; bmt°m_v 5:19˛20). Hcp ]t£ ssZh-

Øns‚ £a Ah--km-\n°pw As√-¶n¬, Ita-W-

bp≈ ]InbbneqsS ]m]w AIm-e-a-c-W-Øn-te°v

\bn°pw (k-Zr-i. 10:27, 11:19; 13:14; 19:16, 21:6) sX‰n-e-

I-s∏- n-cn-°p∂ ktlm-Z-c≥ s]s -∂p≈ ac-W-Øn\p

hnt[-b-\m-ImØ ]£w, tbml-∂ms‚ I¬∏\b\p-

k-cn®v ]m¿∞n-°p-hm≥, CX-dn™ hnizm-kn-Iƒ IS-

s∏- -h-cm-Wv. ITn-\-amb ]m]w Poh\p oj-Wn-bm-sW-

¶n-epw, Cß-s\-bp≈ kµ¿ -ß-fn¬ G‰p-]-d-bp-hm≥


249


H´pw Xma-kn®pt]mbn-´n√ F∂p a\- n-em-°-Ww.

tbml-∂ms‚ hnjbw imcocnI Poh≥ \jvSs∏-Sp-

hm-\p≈ km[y-X-bm-bn-cns°, 1 tbml. 5:16 BflnI

c£ \jvS-s∏Spw F∂-Xn-s\-∏-‰n-bp≈ Hcp ap∂-dn-bn-

∏mbn D]-tbm-Kn-°m-hp-∂-X√.

19. shfn. 3:1˛6 Pohs‚ ]pkvXIw

shfn. 3:1˛6 hsc I¿Øm-hmb tbip k¿±o-knse

k`sb A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNøp-∂p. Cu k -bnse

At\-Icpw acn-®-h-cm-Ip∂p(-c-£n-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-h¿

hm.2). k`m -Po -hn -X -Ønse as‰mcp tijn∏v

Nmhmdmbncn°p∂p. (kXy D]-tZ-i-Øn-s‚bpw

[m¿Ωn-I-X-bp-sSbpw tijn-∏p-Iƒ). Nne¿ c-£n-°-

s∏ v InkvXp-hns‚ \oXn F∂ DSp∏p [cn-®-h-cmWv

(hm. 4). shfn. 3: 5˛¬ Pbn-°p-∂-h-cpsS t]¿ Poh -]p-

kvX-I-Øn¬ \n∂v ambv®p-I-f-bp-I-bn√ F∂p I¿Øm-

hmb tbip hmKvZØw \¬Ip-∂p. Cu teJ-I≥

Xs∂, 1 tbml. 5:4 ¬ Pbn-°p F∂Xns\ InkvXp-

hn-ep≈ hnizmkw AhImiam°p∂-Xmbn \n¿h-Nn-

°p∂p (`q-X-Im-e-Øn-em-Wv). AXp-sIm≠v shfn. 3:5

˛¬ hnizm-k-ap-≈-h¿ Pohs‚ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ \n∂p

ambv°-s∏-Sp-I -bn√ F∂ hmKvZØw \¬Ip-∂p.

""Ah¿ tbmKy-∑m-cm-I-bm¬ sh≈-[-cn®pw -

sIm≠p Ft∂m-Sp-IqsS \S-°pw. Pbn-°p-∂-h≥

sh≈-bp-Sp∏p [cn°pw; A-hs‚ t]¿ Rm≥

Poh-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬ \n∂p ambn®p If-bmsX

Fs‚ ]nXm-hns‚ k∂n-[n-bnepw Ahs‚ ZqX-

∑m-cpsS apºnepw Ah-s‚- t]¿ G‰p-]-dbpw''

(sh-fn. 3:5).

hnizm-kn-I-fpsS t]¿ Poh-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬ \n∂p

ambv°-s∏-Sp-I- C√ F∂v hmKvZØw sNøp∂ hmIyw

hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v \nXy-Po-h≥ \jvS-s∏Spw F∂p sXfn-

bn-°p-∂-Xn\v aXn-bmb Hcp `mK-a√.

]-g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ Pohs‚ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ \n∂v t]cv

ambn-°-s∏- -Imcyw ]d-bp∂ thZ- m-K-ß-fp-≠v. ]pd.

32:32- ¬ Xs‚ t]cv Poh-]p-kvXIØn¬ \n∂p ambn-

t°-Wta F∂v tami Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p. Xs∂ D]-Z-

hn-°p-∂-h¿ Poh]pkvX-I-Øn¬ \n∂v am™p-t]m-tI-

Wta F∂v k¶o¿Ø-\-°m-c≥ k¶o. 69:28 ¬

]m¿∞n-°p-∂p. Hcp hymJym-\-an-XmWv, ]g-b-\n-b-a-

Øn¬ imcocnIPohs‚ tcJ-bmb Hcp ]pkvX-I-sØ-

∏-‰n-bm-bn-cn°pw ]d-bp-∂-Xv. thZ-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬

ssZh-Øns‚ ]pkvX-I-ßƒ F∂ _lp-h-N-\-Øn¬

\mw ImWp∂p (Zm-\o. 7:10; shfn. 20:12). Ip™m-Sns‚

Poh]pkvXIw Xo¿®-bmbpw \nXy-Po-hs‚ ]pkvX-I-

am-Wv. F¥m-bm-epw, ]g-b- \n-b-a-Ønse Pohs‚

]pkvX-Iw, imcocnI Pohn-X-Øns‚ ]pkvX-I-am-Im≥

km[y-X-bp-≠v. Aß-s\-sb-¶n¬, tamsi ac-W-Øn-

\mbn tNmZn-®p. ain-lmsb D]-Z-hn-°p-∂-h-cpsS ac-

W-Øn-\mbn k¶o¿Ø-\-°m-c≥ At]-£n-°p∂p

(k¶o. 69, ainlmk¶o¿Ø-\-am-Wv).

c≠m-asØ ho£-W-Øn¬, ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse

Pohs‚ ]pkvXIhpw imcocnI Poh-s‚-b-√, \nXy-

Po-hs‚ ]pkvX-I-am-Wv F∂-Xm-Wv. F¥m-bmepw ]pd-

∏mSv 32˛se tamsi-bpsS At]£ Akm-≤y-amb Hcp

At]-£-bmbn°mW-s∏-Sp-∂p. ssZhw Xo¿®-bmbpw

tamsi-bpsS Akm-≤yhpw Ahn-th-I-]q¿∆-hp-amb

tNmZysØ X≈n-°-f-™p. tamsi-bpsS hm°p-Iƒ,

tdma. 9:1˛3 hsc-bp≈ ]utem-kns‚ hm°p-I-fp-ambn

kam-\-X-bp-≈-Xm-Wv. AXv km≤y-am-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬,

]utemkv bnkm-tb-ens‚ c£bv°p th≠n Xs‚

kz¥c£sb hn¬°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. k¶o. 69:28 Dw \nXy-

Po-h-s\-∏-‰n-bp≈ Hcp ]pkvX-I-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-

Øn-bp-≈-Xm-Wv. F√m ]mW\pw c£bv°v km≤y-

X-bp-≈-Xm-I-bm¬, F√m-h-cp-sSbpw t]cp-Iƒ Pohs‚

]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂p Icp-Xp-I.

GXm-bm-epw, ac-W-k-a-bØv Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS

t]cpIƒ ssZhw ambn®pIf-I-bpw, Xm≥ hmKvZØw

sNbvX-Xp-t]mse hnizm-k-ap-≈-h-cp-sS-t]-cp-Iƒ

ambn®p If-bm-Xn-cn -°p-Ibpw sNøpw. Po-hs‚

]pkvXIw F√m-h-cp-sSbpw t]cp-Iƒ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-

bmWv XpS-ßp-∂-sX-¶n¬, k¶o. 69:28 ain-lm-sb,

t\cn v sIm∂-hsc \nXy-amb \ymb-hn-[n-bn¬ B°p-

hm-\p≈ Hcp At]-£-bm-Wv (k¶o. 69:21). Aßs\

Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ßƒ C\n hniz-kn-°p-hm-\p≈ Hcp

]Xo£bpw C√mØ hn[w ITn-\-ambnt∏mtb-°mw.

Aßs\ InkvXp-hns\°qSm-sX-bp≈ AhcpsS ac-

W-Øn-¶¬, Ah-cpsS t]cp-Iƒ Poh-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬

\n∂v ambv®pIf-b-s∏- p.

ssZh-Øns‚ ]pkvX-I-ßƒ°v thZ]p-kvX-I-Øn¬

[mcmfw ]cma¿ißfp≠v(]p-d. 32:32˛33; k¶o. 56:8;

69:28; Zm\o. 7:10; 12:1; aem. 3:16; eqt°m. 10:20; ^nen.

4:3; F_m. 12:23; shfn. 3:5; 13:8; 20:12˛15). Ch-sb√mw

Htc ]pkvX-I-sØ-∏‰n ]cma¿in°p∂p. F∂p

ImWmsX, Hmtcm ]pkvX-Ihpw ]e Xc-Øn-ep≈ hnh-

c-ßƒ kq£n-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬, Hmtcm∂pw Ah-bpsS

kµ¿`-Øn¬ a\ nem°p∂XmWv \√ sX∂v

FgpØpImc≥ hnizkn°p∂p. ssZh-Øns‚ ]pkvX-

I-ß-fn¬ \n∂v t]cv ambn®pIfbs∏Sp∂p F∂p

ImWn°p∂ hmIyßƒ \nXy`ZXbv°v Hcp

]iv\ambn°mtW≠Xn√. AXv imcocnIPohs‚

\jvSsØtbm As√¶n¬ C\n-sbm-cn-°epw \nXy-

Poh≥ ]m]n -°m-Ø-Xn -\m¬ ac-W-k-a -bØv

ambv®pIf-bp-∂-Xn-s\tbm kqNn-∏n-°p∂p. GXm-

250


bmepw, hnizm-kn-Iƒ Ip™m-Sns‚, \n-Xy-Po-hs‚

]pkvX-I-Øn¬ \n∂p ambn°-s∏-Sp-∂n√.

C. \nXy`ZXsb-∏-‰n-bp≈ \nK-a\w

Hcp hnizmknbpsS \nXy- ZX-sb-∏-‰n-bp≈ D]-tZ-i-

Øn-s\Xncmb hm-Z-ßsf A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNøp-hm-

\p≈ Hcp Bflm¿∞-amb ]cn-i-a-am-bn-cp∂p Cu

]T\w. G‰hpw ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-hpw, sXfn-hmbpap≈

ss__n-fnse D]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬Øs∂ \nXy`ZX-

bv°p≈ F√m ]n≥Xp-W-bpw ImW-s∏-Sp∂p (hn-izm-

k-Øm¬ \oXo-I-c-Ww, ap≥\n¿Æ-bw, Bflm-hns‚

apZ XpS-ßn-bh). hnizm-kn-bpsS ZXbv°v FXn-cmbn

\n¬°p∂ hmZ-ßƒ, hnizm-kn-bpsS `ZXsb ImWn-

°p-hm≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂ hmIy-ßƒ Xs∂-bm-Wv.

Ah icn-bmbn hymJym-\n-®m¬ `ZXsb ]n≥Xp-W-

bv°p-∂-Xmbn ImWmw. b-an-√m-sX, kXy-Øn¬ Dd®p

\n∂p-sIm≠v a‰p-≈-hsc ]Tn-∏n-°p-hm-\pw, D]-tZ-in-

°p-hm\pw \nXy-`ZX-bpsS D]-tZiw Hcp ssZh-Zm-

ks\ ]m]vX-\m-°p-∂p. ssZh-sØ-∏-‰nbpw kzb-sØ-

∏-‰n-bp-ap≈ Hcp icn-bmb ho£-W-Øn\v c£-bpsS

Dd∏v Hcp Ahn`mPy-L-S-I-am-Wv. Hcp hnizm-kn-bpsS

`ZXbpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ amXta \ap°v ssZh-

Øns‚ ]q¿Æ A\p-K-l-ßfpw InkvXobPohn-X-

Øn¬ A\p- -hn-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q.

VIII. c£m-XXzim-kvX-Øns‚ D]-kw-lm-c-ßƒ

hnip≤ XnXzw, ""CX henb c£'' (F_m. 2:3)

bmWv \ap°v Zm\w sNøpIbpw \S-∏n-em°nØcn-

Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ZqX∑m¿ k`sb ]Tn-°p-

tºmƒ, Ah¿ ssZh-Øns‚ ⁄m\-Øns‚ Bgw ]Tn-

°-bpw, AXn-\mbn ssZhsØ kvXpXn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp∂p (F-s^. 3:10). Ip-cn-in¬ I¿Øm-hmb

tbipInkv Xp ]m]-Øn-\p≈ hos≠-Sp∏p hne

\¬In, ssZhØn \v ]mb›nØw sNbvXv a\pjy\v

ssZhtØmSp≈ ]q¿Æ\nc∏n\v am¿§samcp°n. Cu

c£ InkvXp hnep≈ hnizmkØm¬ amXw

Ir]bm¬ hy‡nIƒ °v \evIs∏´ncn°p∂p. \ΩpsS

Nn¥bv°v AXoXamb bmYm¿∞yßfm¬ hnizm

knIƒ A\pKln°s∏´ncn°p∂p. InkvXphns‚

\oXn A¶nbmbn e`n®p (hnizmkØm¬ \oXo

IcWw), \nXykpc£ XpSßn bh hnizmkØn\p

tijw ]cnip≤mflmhn\m¬ e`n°p∂ InkvXob

PohnXØn\pw ipiqjbv°pw Ahkcßfp≠v.

251

A≤ymbw 10

\yqat‰mfPn]cnip≤mflmhns\∏‰nbp≈ D]tZiw

`mKw 1]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-s\-∏‰nbp≈

D]-tZiw

cq]-tcJ

I. BapJw

II. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ hy‡nXzw

A. hymI-c-W`mjbn¬ Bflmhv

B. hy‡n-Xz-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\- L-S-I-ßƒ

1. _p≤n

2. hnIm-c-ßƒ

3. C—mi‡n

C. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ hy‡n-]-c-amb ]hr-

Øn-Iƒ

1. D]-tZ-in-°p∂p (]-Tn-∏n-°p-∂p)

2. kwkm-cn-°p∂p

3. imkn-°p∂p

4. ]m¿∞n-°p∂p ]£-hmZw sNøp-∂p

5. \S-Øp∂p (\-bn-°p-∂p)

6. km£yw ]d-bp∂p

7. Poh≥ \evIp∂p

8. B⁄m-]n-°p∂p; \nb-an-°p-∂p.

9. Iq´m-bva-Iƒ

D. ]cnip≤m-flmhv hy‡n F∂ \ne-bn¬

]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-cn-°p∂p

1. Zp:Jn∏n-°mw, FXn¿°mw

2. hymPw ]dbmw

3. ]co-£n°mw

4. A]-am-\n°mw

5. ZqjWw ]dbmw

E. XnXzw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ BfXzw

III.]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ssZhXzw

A. ssZhXz ]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ

B. XnXz-Øns‚ sXfn-hp-Iƒ

C. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse ssZhw ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-

Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv

D. ]cnip-≤m-flmhpw ]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw/ ssZh-

Xz-Øns‚ kz`m-h-k-hn-ti-j-X-Iƒ

1. k¿∆-hym-]nXzw

2. \nXyXzw

3. k¿∆-⁄m\w

4. krjvSmhv

5. Poh-Zm-Xmhv

6. Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-I-fpsS Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥

7. Bflm-hn-s\-Xn-cmb ZqjWw

IV. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ kmZr-iyßƒ

A. ]mhv

B. sh≈w

C. Xo

D. Im‰v

E. FÆ

F. ho™v

G. apZ

H. A®mcw/ Dd∏v

V. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ""]pds∏S¬''

VI.\ymb-]-am-W-bp-K-Øn¬- ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-

hns‚ ]h¿Ø\w

A. \ymb-]-am-W-Øn≥Io-gnepw Ir]-bpsS

Iognepw ]cn-ip-≤m-fl-]-hrØnbpsS

hyXymkw

B. ]g-b -\n-b-a-Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\

]m]n-®-h¿

C. ]g-b -\n-b-a-ImeL´Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm

hns‚ ipiq-j

VII. k`m- bp-K-Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤mflmhns‚]h¿Ø\w

A. Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬

1. t_m≤yw hcpØpI

a. Bflm-hns‚ t_m≤yw hcp-Øp∂

ipiq-jbpsS BhiyIX

252

b. temI-Øn\v t_m≤yw hcp-Øp∂

Bflmhns‚ ipiqjbpsS D]-I-cWw

c. Bflmhv t_m≤yw hcpØp∂

ipiqjbpsS ]mYanI Xeßƒ

d. Ip‰t_m[w hcpØp∂Xn¬

Fs¥√mw Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p

2. XS-bpI AYhm \nb¥n°pI

B. hnizm-kn-I-tfm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-

flm-hns‚ ]hrØn

1. ho≠pw -P-\\w

2. A[n-hmkw

a. Bcn¬ A[n-h-kn-°p∂p

b. Ft∏mƒ, Fßs\ A[n-hmkw

e`n°p∂p

c. FX-Imew ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv

A[n-hmkw sNøpw

3. ]cn-ip-≤mfl kv\m\w

a. Bap-Jw, \n¿h-N\w

b. Bfl-kv\m-\-hpw, k`mhyhÿIfpw

c. Bfl-kv\m-\w, InkvXp-hn¬ sFIyX

(1) Bflkv\m\w apJm¥ncw

InkvXphn¬ sFIyX

(2) InkvXp-hnse sFIyX kIe

hnizm-kn-I-sfbpw tbmPn∏n°p∂p

d. Bfl-kv\m\w ]m]n-°p-∂-h¿

(1) Bflmhn¬ kv\m\w e`n°p∂h¿

(2) Bfl-kv\m\ kabw

(3) Bfl-kv\m\w ]m]n-°p∂ hn[w

(4) Bfl-kv\m-\Øns‚ ka-b-ssZ¿Lyw

(5) D]-kw-lmcw

4. Bfl-apZ

5. Bfl-\n-dhv

a. Dd-∏mb \n¿Æ-b-ßƒ

(1) \nb-¥-Ww, kzm[o-\X Chbv°p

Xpey-am-Wv \ndhv

(2) ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv Xs‚ Xs∂ hN-\-

Øm¬\nb-¥n-°p-∂p.

(3) \nd-hns‚ \n¿∆-N\w

(4) \nd-hns‚ ]In-b-bpsS hnhcWw

(a) ]cn-ip-≤m-fl- \nb¥Ww,

a\- ns‚ ]pXp-°w, cq]m-¥cw

F∂o \ne-bn¬

(i) hnizmkn ]m]w G‰p-]-dbp∂p,

kzbw ka¿∏n-°p∂p

(ii)hnizmkn ss__n-fn¬

ssZh-a-lXzw Z¿in-°p∂p

(iii) ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv Xs‚

hN-\sØ InkvXp-hns‚ al-

Xzhpw hnizmknbpsS Ipd-hpIfpw

Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°m-\p]-tbmKn°p∂p

(iv) am‰-Øn-\mbn hnizm-kn-

bpsS Xnc-s™-Sp∏pw am‰w

Dfhm-°p-hm≥ ]cn-ip≤m-flm-

hns\ Bi-bn-°p-∂Xpw

(v) InkvXp-hns‚ kz`m-h-Øn-

te°v cq]m-¥-c-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥

]cn-ip-≤mflmhv Fgp-Xs∏´

hN\w D]-tbmKn-°p-∂p.

(b)]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ \nb-¥Ww

\nd-sh∂ \ne-bn¬ hnhcn®n-cn-

°p∂p

(i) ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-\m¬

\nd-bphn≥

(ii) ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-\m¬ \S-

°p-hn≥

(iii) ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ sISp-

°-cpXv

(iv) ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ Zp:Jn

∏n-°-cpXv

(v) Bflm-hns‚ êw

(c) kwKlw, Bfl-\n-d-hn-s\-°p-

dn®v D]-kw-lm-cw

(5) Bfl-\n-d-hn≥ Pohn-X-Øns‚

Zriy-amb ê-ßƒ

(a) "bm¥nI' ê-ßƒ

(b) bYm¿∞ ê-ßƒ

(6) ]cn-ip-≤mfl \nd-hn-t\mSp_‘s∏´

hnj-b-ßƒ

(a) ]Imi\w

(b)hy‡n-]-c-amb am¿§\n¿t±iw

(i) hy‡-ambn tIƒ°m-hp∂

hm°pI-fn-eqsS

(ii) hm°p-Iƒ IqSm-sX-bp≈

Dƒt]c-W-I-fn-eq-sSbpw B¥-

cnI t_m≤y-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw


253

(c) ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-ep≈ ]m¿∞\

(d) Dd∏v

(e) Bflmhns‚ ^ew

b. Bfl-\n-d-hns\ kw_-‘n® a¿Ω-ßƒ

(1) Bflm-hns\ A[nIambn ]m]n-°p-

∂-Xn-s\°p-dn-®p≈ \n›-b-an-√m-bva-

bpsS Imc-W-ßƒ

(2) ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-\m¬ \nd-™Xp kw_-

‘n®v eqt°mkv kphn-ti-jØnepw

At∏m. ]hr-Øn-bnepw

(a) H∂m-w ho£Ww

(b) c≠m-w ho£Ww

(c) aq∂mw ho£Ww

(d) \memw ho£Ww

(3) Fs^. 5:18 s‚ A¿∞w

(a) hymJym-\w, Bflmhv F∂Xv

a\p-jym-flm-hns\ ]cma¿in°p-∂p.

(b)Bflm-hn¬, Bflm-hn-\m¬,

Bflm-hp-sIm≠v

(i) Bflm-hn-\m¬ \nd-bpI

(ii) Bflm-hp-sIm≠p \nd-bpI

(iii) Bflm-hn¬ \nd-bpI

(4) D]-kw-lm-cw, ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\

A[n-I-ambn ]m]n-°p-∂Xp kw_-

‘n®v

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-s\-∏‰nbp≈

D]-tZiw

I. BapJw

XnXz-Øn¬ aq∂mw Bf-Xz-amb ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-t\m-

Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ [mcmfw ]Tn-∏n-°-ep-Iƒ Xncp-sh-

gp-Øp-I-fn¬ Dƒs°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Nne thZ- m-K-ßƒ

a\p-jym-flm-hn-s\-°p-dn®pw AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ ]cn-

ip-≤m-flm-hn-s\-°p-dn®pw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v

IrXy-ambn FX ]mhiyw ]d-™n- p-s≠∂p Kln-

°p-hm≥ kq£va-ambn IW°p Iqt -≠-Xm-Wv. GI-

tZiw 75 kqN-\-Iƒ ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønepw GI-tZiw

220˛230 kqN-\-Iƒ ]pXnb \nb-a-Ønepw Ds≠∂p

IW-°m-°p -∂p(92 apX¬ 94 ]mhiyw hsc

""]cnip≤'' F∂ ]Zw ""Bflmhv'' F∂-Xn-t\mSv

tN¿Øv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn ]pXn-b- \n-ba-

Ko°v sIsø-gpØp ]Xn -b-\p -k-cn -® v˛ GXp

IsøgpØp ]Xn-bmWp ]cn-tim-[n-°p-∂Xv F∂-

Xns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬˛ IW-°p-Iq- mw). AZr-iy-am-

b-sX-¥n-s\bpw \ntj-[n-°p-∂-h¿°v ""Bflmhv''

F∂ hnjbw Nne ]iv\ßƒ Dfhm°mw. AXp-

sIm≠v ss__n-fns\ BZ-c-thmsS Icp-XmØ

Nnesc¶nepw ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv Hcp hy‡n-b-s√-∂pw,

hy‡n-Xz-an-√mØ tIhew Hcp i‡ntbm kzm[o-\-

Xtbm amX-am-sW∂pw ]Tn-∏n-°m-dp≠v. Ifn-°-f-Øn-

en-d-ßp∂ Hcp Soans‚ ""a’-c-hocyw'' t]msetbm

InkvXp-akv thf-bnse Bthiw t]msetbm amX-

amWv Ah¿°p ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-s\-°p-dn®p≈ ho£-

Ww. BI-bm¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhns\ kw_‘n®

]T\w ]e-t∏m-gpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ Bf-Xz-sØ-

°p-dn®p ]cm-a¿in-®p-sIm-≠mWv Bcw- n-°p-∂-Xv.

II. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ hy‡nXzw

A. hymI-c-W`mjbn¬ Bflm-hns‚ Bf-Xzw

Nne-t∏mƒ Aev]-⁄m\w A]-I-S-amWv. ]cn-ip-≤m-

flm-hn\p hy‡n-bm-bn-cn-∏m-\m-hn-√, ImcWw ]-cn-ip-

≤m-flm-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p-]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°∂ "Ko°p-]Zw'

(pneuma)\]pw-k-I-am-sW∂v Nne¿ hmZn°m-dp-≠v.

Ko°p- mj ]Tn-°p∂h¿ Is≠-Øp∂ Hcp Imcyw,

CXns‚ \ma-cq-]-Øn\v aq∂v ][m\ "A¥y-w''(ending)Ds≠-∂-Xm-Wv. hy‡-ambpw kvXoenwK cqt]W ]Xn-

]m-Zn-°p∂ hkvXp-°ƒ; B amXr-I-bn-ep≈ ]Z-ß-

sf√mw Xs∂ kvXoenwKambn-´mWv hnfn-°p-∂-Xv.

AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ hy‡-ambpw ]p√nwK cqt]-W-bp-

≈h hm°pIfpsS amXrIbn¬s]-Sp∂ ]Z-ß-sf-

sb√mw ]p√nw-K-ambn IW-°m-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ Ch

s]mXp-hmb ]am-W-sa-∂-√msX ]p√nwK hn`m-K-

Øn¬s∏Sp-∂-h-sb√mw Xo¿Øpw ]pcp-j-cq-]-am-

sW∂pw FXn¿ hn`m-K-Øn¬s∏Sp-∂-h-sb√mw kvXo

cq]-am-sW∂pw CXn-\¿∞-an-√. tdmUv, IØv Cu

hm°p-Iƒ Ko°n¬ kvXoenwK cq]-am-Wv. F∂m¬

Ah kvXoI-f√! ]gw, temIw, Ch -Ko-°n¬ ]p√nw-

K-am-Wv, Ah ]pcp-j-∑m-c-√. ""Bflmhv'' F∂ ]Zw

Xo¿®-bmbpw \]pw-k-I-am-Wv. Im‰ns\ kqNn-∏n-°p∂

efn-X-amb ]Zw Xs∂-bm-WnXv \yq-am (CXn¬ \n∂p-

amWv "\yp tamWnbm' F∂ hm°p-≠m-b-Xv). Cu \]pw-

kI ]Zw km[m-c-W-bmbn AZr-iy- h-kvXp-°-sftbm

ImWm≥ Ign-bmØ Bf-Xz-ß-sftbm kqNn-∏n-°p-hm-

\mbn Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p (Im‰v AZr-

iy-hkvXphmW-t√m). a\p-jy¿ Bflm-°-fm-Wv. ZqX-

∑m¿ Bflm-°-fm-Wv. ]nim-Np-°ƒ Bip-≤m-flm-°ƒ

AYhm ZpjvSm-flm-°-fm-Wv. AXp-t]mse ssZhw

Bflm-hmWv (tbm-l. 4:24). thZ-]p-kvXI cN-bn-Xm-

°ƒ ""Bflmhv'' F∂ ]Zw Hcp \ma-]-Z-am-bn, ]cn-

\yqat‰mfPn: ]cnip≤mflmhns\∏‰nbp≈ D]-tZiw: `mKw 1

254

ip≤m-flm-hns\ kqNn-∏n-°phm≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-tºmƒ

Hcp hn[-Ønepw hy‡nXzw \ntj-[n -°p-hm≥

bmsXmcp- i-ahpw \S-Øp-∂n-s√-t∂m¿°-Ww. Hcp a\p-

jy-hy-‡n-XzsØ "Bflmhv' F∂p \ma-I-cWw

sNøp∂ AtX \ne-bn-emWv Ah¿ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-

hns\ kw_-‘n®pw Cu ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv.

AXp-t]mse ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ AZr-iy-]-Ir-Xn-

sbbpw i‡n-sbbpw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ Dt±-in-®p-

sIm-≠mWv Cu ]Zw Ah¿ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-sX∂v

hy‡w(Im‰ns\t∏mse).

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ kw_-‘n®v \nc-h-[n-kq-N-\-Iƒ

\]pw-kI cq]-Øn-e-√, adn®v ]p√nw-K-cq-]-Øn-emWv

Xncp-sh-gp-Øn¬ \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v a\- n-em-°n-

bn-cn-°-Ww. "Bizm-]-Z≥' (k-lm-bn) F∂ ]Zhpw

"Imcy-ÿ≥' (h°o¬) F∂ ]Zhpw ]p√nw-K-am-Wv.

InkvXp- ]-d-™Xv "]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv' as‰mcp Imcy-

ÿ-\m-bn-cn°pw F∂mWv (tbm-l. 14:16, 26; 15:26, 16:17).

AXm-bXv I¿Øm-hn-s\-t∏mse Xs∂-bp≈ AtX

Xc-Øn-ep≈ as‰mcp Imcy-ÿ≥. I¿Øm-hmb tbip

InkvXp Hcp hy‡n-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse ]cn-ip-

≤m-flmhpw Hcp hy‡n-bm-bn-cpt∂ aXn-bm-hq. amXa√

]p√nwK k¿∆-\ma cq]-ßƒ ]cn -ip -≤m -flm-

hns\°pdn®v At\I ÿm\-ß-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p≠v

(tbml. 15:26- ekeinos, 16:7˛auton, 16:8- ekeinos 16:13-˛ekeinos, 16:14- ekeinos; Fs^. 1:14- ekeinos).

B. hy‡n-Xz-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-L-S-I-ßƒ

thZ-im-kvX-⁄-∑m¿ km[m-c-W-bmbn Hcp hy‡n-

XzsØ \n¿h-Nn-°p-∂Xv _p≤n-bpw, hnIm-chpw, C—m

i‡n-bpap≈ Hcp Bf-Xz-am-bn- m-Wv. hy‡n-Xz-Øns‚

ASn-ÿm-\-L-S-I-ß-fmb Ch-sb√mw Xs∂ ]cn-ip-

≤m-flm-hn-\p-≈-Xmbn Xncp-sh-gpØp NnXo-I-cn-°p∂p.

1. _p≤n

]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv ssZh-Øns‚ Bg-ßsf Bcm-bp∂p

(1 sImcn. 2:10˛11) tdma. 8:27 A\p-k-cn®v Ah\v "a\ v'

(Nn-¥) D≠v.

""\apt°m ssZhw Xs‚ Bflm-hn-\m¬ shfn-

s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p; Bflmhp kI-e-sØ

bpw ssZhØns‚ Bgßsfbpw Bcmbp

∂p, a\pjy\nep≈Xp Ah-\nse a\p-jym-

flm-h-√msX a\p-jy-cn¬ B¿ Adnbpw? A∆

Æw Xs∂ ssZh-Øn-ep-≈Xv ssZhm-flm-h-√m

sX Bcpw Kln-®n- n√'' ( 1 sImcn. 2:10, 11).

""F∂m¬ Bflm-hp-hn-ip-≤-∑m¿°p-th≠n

ssZh-ln-X-]-Imcw ]£-hmZw sNøp-∂-Xp-

sIm≠v Bflm-hns‚ Nn¥ C∂-sX∂p lrZ-

b-ßsf ]cn-tim-[n-°p-∂-h≥ Adn-bp∂p''

(tdma. 8:27).

2. hnIm-c-ßƒ

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ Zp:Jn∏n°mw F∂-Xn-\m¬ Ah\v

hnIm-c-ßƒ Ds≠-∂p -hy‡w

""ssZh-Øns‚ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ Zp:Jn∏n-°-

cp-Xv, Ah-\m-et√m \nßƒ°p hos≠-Sp-∏p\m-

fn-\mbn apZ-bn- n-cn-°p-∂Xv'' (F-s^. 4:30).

3. C—mi‡n

Hmtcm hnizm-knbv°pw GXp -hcw AYhm hc-ßƒ

\¬I-W-sa∂v ]-cnip-≤m-flmhv \n¿Æ-bn-°p-∂p. AXp-

sIm≠v Xo¿®-bmbpw Ahn-Sp-tØ°v C—m-i-‡n-bp≠v.

""F∂m¬ CXp F√mw ]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xp Xm≥

C—n-°pw-t]mse Ah-\-h\p AX-Xp-hcw ]Ip

Øp sImSp-°p∂ Htc Bflmhp Xs∂''

(1 sImcn. 12:11).

C. ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv hy‡n]-c-amb ]hrØn-Iƒ

sNøp∂p

1. Bflmhv D]tZin®p Xcp∂p (tbm-l. 14:26)

2. kwkm-cn-°p∂p (A-t∏m. ]h. 13:2, 21:11, Kem.

4: 6; 1 Xnsam. 4:1; shfn. 2:7, 11, 17, 29)

3. Bflmhv imkn-°p∂p(D-ev]. 6:3, tbml. 16:8 ff).

4. Bflmhv ]m¿∞n-°p∂p, a[y-ÿX sNøp∂p

(tdma. 8:26).

5. Bflmhp \bn-°p∂p (At∏m.-]h. 16: 6, tdma.

8: 14; Kem. 5:18)

6. Bflmhp km£yw ]d-bp∂p (tbml. 15:26,

tdma. 8:16)

7. Bflmhp Poh≥ \¬Ip∂p (tbm-l. 3:6;

XotØmkv 3:5).

8. Bflmhv B⁄m-]n-°p-Ibpw \nb-an-°p-Ibpw

sNøp∂p (A-t∏m. ]h. 13:1˛4; 20:28)

9. Bflmhv Iq´mbva ImWn°p∂p (2 sImcn. 13:14).

D. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ Hcp hy‡n-sb∂ \ne-bn¬

]cma¿in°p∂p

1. Bflmhv Zp:Jn-°p-Ibpw Bflmhnt\mSv FXn¿

Øp \n¬°pIbpw sNømw(D-ev]. 6:3; sbi. 63:

10; Fs^. 4:30).


255

2. Bflmhns\-Xnsc hymPw ImWn-®p-(A-t∏m.

]h. 5:3).

3. Bflmhns\ ]co-£n®p (A-t∏m. ]h. 5:9)

4. Bflmhns\ \nµn®p (F-_m. 10:29)

5. Bflmhn\v t\scbp≈ ZqjWw (a-Øm. 12:31).

E. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ BfXzhpw XnXzhpw

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ssZh-Xzw- kw_‘n-®p≈ F√m

sXfn-hp-Ifpw XntXzm-]-tZ-ihpw Bflmhns‚ Bf-

XzsØ Dd-∏n-°p-∂p.

III. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ssZhXzw

A. ssZh-Xz-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ ]kvXm-h\

""At∏mƒ ]sXmkv: A\\ymsk, ]cn--ip-≤m-flm-

hn-t\mSp hymPw ImWn-∏m\pw \ne-Øns‚ hne-

bn¬ Ipsd FSp-Øp-sh-∏m\pw kmØm≥ \ns‚

lrZbw ssIh-i-am-°n-bXv F¥v? AXp hnev°pw

apsº \nt‚-Xm--bn-cp-∂n-√tbm? hn‰ti-jhpw

\ns‚ -ssIhiw A√m-™pthm? Cu Im-cy-

Øn\p a\ ph-®Xv F¥v? a\p-jy-tcm-S-√,

ssZh-tØm-SsX \o hymPw ImWn-®Xv F∂p

]d™p'' (At∏m. ]h. 5:3˛4).

""I¿Ømhp Bflm-hm-Ip∂p. I¿Ømhns‚

Bflm-hp -t≈-SØp kzmX-¥y-ap≠v''

(2 sImcn. 3:17).

""AXn\p ZqX≥: ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp \ns‚-ta¬

hcpw; AXyp-∂-Xs‚ i‡n \ns‚-ta¬ \ng-

enSpw. BI-bm¬ D¤-hn-°p∂ hnip-≤-]-P

ssZh-]p-X≥ F∂p hnfn-°-s∏Spw'' (]-cn-ip-≤m-

flm-hns‚ ssZhXzw ChnsS A¿∞am°p∂p)

(eqt°m. 1:35).

""\nßƒ ssZh-Øns‚ aµncw F∂pw ssZh-

Øns‚ Bflmhp \nß-fn¬ hkn-°p∂p

sh∂pw Adn-bp-∂n-√tbm? (]-cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚

ssZhXzw A¿∞am°p∂p) (1 sImcn. 3:16).

B. XnXz-Øn\p≈ sXfn-hp-Iƒ

XnXz-Øn\p≈ Hmtcm sXfnhpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚

ssZh-Xz -Øn\p≈ sXfnhp- Iq -sSbmWv. (2˛mw

A≤ymbw ""XntbmfPn t]m∏¿'' ImWp-I) ]pXn-b-

\n-b-a-Øn¬ XnXz-sØ-°p-dn®p ]cm-a¿in-®n-cn-°p∂

Nne thZ--`mK-ßƒ

aØm. 3:16˛17; 28:19; tbml. 14:16˛17; 15:26; 16:7˛15; tdma.

8:14˛17; 15:30; Kem. 4:4˛6; Fs^. 1:3- 14; 4:4˛6; 1 sImcn.

12:4˛6; 2 sImcn.1 :21 , 22; 13:14; F_m. 9:14;

1 ]-sXm. 1:2) Fs^. 4:4˛6˛¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\

BZyw ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p, tdma. 15:30˛¬ c≠m-aXpw.

C. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse ssZhw ]pXn-b\n-b-a-Ønse

]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv

]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ ]e ]mhiyw ssZh-sØ-°p-dn®p

]d-™n-cn-°p-∂ Hcp ]cma¿iw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-

s\°p-dn-®m-Wp -]-d-™n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂p Hcp ]pXnb-

\n-ba Fgp-Øp-Imc≥ FSp-Øp-]-d-™n-cn-°p∂p.

Xmsg ]d-bp∂ thZ- m-K-ßƒ XmcXayw sNøpI

sbi. 6:8˛10; At∏m. ]h. 28:25˛27; k¶o. 95:7-˛11;

F_m. 3:7˛11; bnsc-aym. 31:31˛34; F_m. 10:15˛17

D. ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhpw kz`m-h-k-hn-ti-j-X-Ifpw/ ssZh-

Xz-Øns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ

1. k¿∆-hym-]nXzw (k¶o. 139:7˛10)

2. \nXyXzw (F-_m. 9:14)

3. k¿∆-⁄m\w (1 sImcn. 2:10˛11)

4. kjvSmhv (D-ev]. 1: 2; Ctøm. 33:4; 26:13; k¶o. 104:30)

5. Poh-Zm-Xmhv (tbm-l. 3:6; XotØm. 3:5; Dbn¿sØ-

gp-t∂ev∏v tdma. 8:11)

6. Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-I-fpsS FgpØpImc≥ (2 iap. 23:1˛2;

2 ]sXm. 1:21)

7. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-s\-Xn-cmb ZqjWw ssZ]p-X-s\-Xn-

cmb Zqj-W-sØ-°mƒ Kpcp-Xcw (aØm. 12:31, 32)

IV. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ kmZr-iy-ßƒ

A. ]mhv

(a-Øm. 3:16; a¿t°m. 1:10; eqt°m. 3:22).

]mhv F∂-t]m-se ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ kvt\lw,

kam-[m-\w, kuayX Ch-tbm-SmWp _‘-s∏-Sp-tØ-

≠Xv

B. sh≈w (tbml. 36:25, 27; sbi. 44:3; tbml. 7 :

37˛39; XosØm. 3:5)

sh≈w F∂-Xp-t]m-se, ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hv Poh≥,

\ndhv, ]pXp-°w, hnip≤n, Ch \¬Ip-∂p. ]cn-ip-≤m-

flm-hns\ ""]I¿∂n-cn-°p∂p'' F∂v Xncp-sh-gp-Øn¬

]d-™n-´p≠v.

C. Xo (aØm. 3:11; eqt°m. 3:16; ]h. 2:3)

ssZhkm∂n≤yw (]pd. 3: 1) ssZh-i‡n (1 cmPm. 18:

38˛39) ssZhnI kwc-£Ww (]pd. 13:21) ssZhØn

s‚ \ymb-hn[n (F_m. 12:29)

F∂o \ne-I-fn¬ Xosb- ss__nƒ NnXo-I-cn-°p-∂p.


256

D. Im‰v (tbm-l. 3:3˛8; At∏m. 2:2; 2 ]sXm. 1:21,

""amdn-t∏m-IpI'' F∂ ]Zw I∏¬ bmXbn¬ Im‰n-

s\-°p-dn®v D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv i≤n-°pI At∏m.

]h. 27:15, 17).

F_m-b-`m-j-bnepw (dq-lm) Ko°p-`m-j-bnepw

(\yq-am) ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ AtX ]Zw

Xs∂-bmWv ""Im‰ns\'' kqNn-∏n®pw \¬In-bn-cn-°p-

∂Xv. Ims‰-∂-t]mse AZr-iyhpw i‡-hp-amWv

Bflm-hv. "ssZh-Øn-s‚- izmkw' ˛ krjvSn-∏n-t\mSp

_‘-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p˛ a\p-jy-krjvSn (Dev]. 2:7),

bnkm-tb¬ P\-X-bpsS ]p\krjvSn (sbsl. 37),

ho≠pw P\\w As√¶n¬ ]pXp-P-\\w (tbml. 3:3˛8),

Xncp-sh-gp-Ø-pI-fpsS krjvSn AYhm ssZh-izm-

kobX (2 Xn-sam. 3:16; 2 ]sXm. 1:21).

E. FÆ

ss__nƒ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ FÆ-tbmSpw _‘-

s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p amX-a-√, ""A`n-tjIw'' F∂

]Zhpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-t\mSp tN¿Øv ]d-™n-cn-

°p∂p. 1 iap. 10:1, 6; 16, 13; sbi. 61:1, eqt°m. 4:18;

At∏m. ]h. 10:38, 2 sImcn. 1:21, 22; 1 tbml. 2:20,27).

FÆ H∂m-aXv tcmK-ku-Jy-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-ń-cn-

°p∂p. (eqt°m. 10:34) AXp-t]mse kt¥mjw,

Bizm-kw, CXymZn ssZhm-\p-K-l-ß-tfmSpw (k-¶o.

23:5; 45:7; 104:15; tbmth¬ 1:10; 2:24) Hcp ]pXnb ZuXy-

Øns‚ ]mcw`w (]p-d. 29:7, 1 iap. 10:1; 16:13) ]Imiw

F∂nh-tbmSpw _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p (k-¶o. 119:105).

""FÆ hnf°v'' \ap°v ]cn-N-b-ap-≈-Xm-Wt√m? Poh≥

\¬In-s°m≠v ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp \sΩ Bfln-I-ambn

kpJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. kt¥m-jhpw B\-µhpw Ahn-

Sp∂p ]Zm\w sNøp-∂p. Ahn-Sp∂v kXysØ

\¬Ip∂p. ssZh-tk-h-bn¬ \ap°p≈ i‡nbpsS

DdhnSw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hm-Wv.

F. ho™v (eq -t°m. 1 :15; At∏m. ]h. 2:13;

Fs^. 5:18).

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ ho™p-ambn hn]-co-Xm¿∞-Øn¬

]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv ho™n¬ \n∂p

hyXy-kvX-am-sbmcp \nb-¥-Whpw bYm¿∞ kt¥m-

jhpamWv \ap°v ]Zm\w sNøp-∂-Xv.

G. apZ

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ ""apZ-tbmSp'' kmZr-iy-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-

cn-°p∂p (a‰p- m-KØv hni-Zo-I-cn-®n- p-≠v)

H. A®mcw AYhm Dd∏v

\nXy- -Z-X-sb-°p-dn®p ]d-bp∂ `mKØv Cu hnjbw

]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-´p≠v.

V. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ BKa\w

]nXmhpw ]pX\pw IqsS ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ temI-

Øn-te°v Ab-bv°p-Ibm-bn-cp-∂p. tbm-l. 15:26; 16:7

F-∂n-hn-S-ß-fnse hy‡-amb ]Tn-∏n-°-em-Wn-Xv. k`m-

N-cn-X-Øn¬ Cu D]-tZiw \n¿Æm-b-I-ambn kzm[o-

\n-®n-´p-s≠-∂-sXm-gn-®m¬, Cu ]Tn-∏n-°¬ AX-

tØmfw it≤-b-am-bn-cn-°p-∂n√. 1054˛¬ tdma≥

ItØmen°m -k- bpw Ko°p bmYmÿnXnI k`bpw

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ t]cn¬ `n∂n-®p. tdma≥ ItØm-

en-°¿ ]d-™Xv ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv ]nXm-hn¬ \n∂pw

]pX-\n¬ \n∂pw hcp∂psh∂mWv. F∂m¬ Ko°v

Hm¿Ø-tUmIvkv k -bpsS \n-e-]m-Sv, ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv

]pX-\n¬ \n∂p-amXw hcp∂p F∂m-bn-cp-∂p.

VI. \ymb-]-am-W-bp-K-Øn≥ Iogn¬ ]cn-ip-≤mflm-

hns‚ ]h¿Ø\w

A. Bflmhv \ymb-]-am-W-Øn≥ Iogn-se∂pw Ir]-

bpsS Iogn-se∂pw hn -Pn-°p-∂-Xns‚ ]m[m-\yX.

\ymb]amWØn≥ Iogn¬ ]cnip≤mflmhns‚

]h¿Ø\hpw Ir]bn¬ Iogn¬ ]cnip≤mflmhns‚

]h¿Ø\hpw XΩnep≈ hyXymkw a\ nem°mXn

cn°p∂Xp ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-s\ -kw_-‘n-® ]T-\-

Øn¬ ImX-emb hgn-sX-‰-en\v tlXp-hmIpw. blq-Z-

a-X-Øn¬ \n∂pw k`m-bp-K-Øn-te°p≈ s]¥-s°m-

kvXp \m-fn-se hyXn-bm\w (\ym-b-]-am-W-Øn¬

\n∂pw Ir]-bn-te-°v) \ncmIcn°p∂ thZ-hn-Zym¿

∞n°p ]cn -ip -≤m -flm-hns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ

Hcn°epw a\- n-em-°phm≥ IgnbpIbn√. k`m-bp-

K-Ønse ]cn-ip-≤m-fl -]-h¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS amXrI,

kphn-ti-j-ß-fntem, ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øntem ImWm-

\m-hn-√. ]s£, Cu henb hyXymkw Bk-∂-am-

sW∂ [z\n- kphn-ti-j-ß-fn¬ ap-g-ßp-∂p-≠v. Bfl-

kv\m\w Bk-∂- m-hn-bn¬ kw -hn-°p-sa∂p tbml-

∂m≥ kv\m]-I≥ Bh¿Øn®p kqNn-∏n-®n-cp∂p

(aØm. 3:11; a¿t°m. 1:8; eqt°m. 3:16). I¿Ømhp

kz¿§m-tcm-lWw sNøp∂ kµ¿`-Øn¬t]mepw

Bfl-kv\m\w Bk∂- `m-hn-bn¬ D≠m-Ip-sa∂v

injy-∑m-tcmSp ]d™p (A-t∏m. ]h. 1:5). At∏m.

]h. 11:15˛16 Bb-t∏m-tg°pw Bfl-kv\m\w "t\c-

sØ-Xs∂ \S-∂p-I-gn™p.' C]-Imcw, s]¥-

t°mkvXp \mfn-emWv ap≥Iqń∏d-™n-cp∂ Cu

henb "am‰w' kw`-hn-®Xv F∂p a\- n-em-°mw.

s]¥-t°m-kvXn-\p-tijw ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhns‚

]h¿Ø\w apºmbncp∂-Xp-t]m-se-b-√. AXp-

sIm≠v ]g-b\n-baØntem kphn-ti-j-Øntem

t\m°n C∂--tØ-°p≈ ]cn-ip-≤mfl ]h¿Ø-\-

Øns‚ amXr-I-bmWv Ahsb∂p-]-d-bm≥ B¿°pw

km[y-a-√.


257

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-

Øn¬ Hcp ""henb am‰w'' kw -hn°pw F∂ a‰p kqN-

\-Iƒ \mw kphn-ti-j-ß-fn¬ ImWp-∂p-≠v. tbml.

7:37˛39- ˛¬ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv, kIe hnizm-kn-I-fnepw

]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv ""A[n-h-kn°pw'' F∂-sX. F∂m¬

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ Cu ]hrØn Bcw- n-°p-∂-Xv,

InkvXp-hns‚ tXP- v-°-c-W-Øn-\p-ti-j-am-sW∂v

AhnsS hy‡-am-°p-∂p-≠v. AXp-t]m-se-X-s∂,

I¿Øm-hns‚ ac-W-Øn\p sXm´p apºp≈ cmXnbn¬

amfn-I-apdn ]`m-j-W-Øn-epw(tbml. 14:16) InkvXp

t]mb-tijw ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv ]pXnb ipiqj Bcw-

`n-°p-sa-∂-Xns‚ shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø¬ Kln-°m-at√m!

kphn-ti-j-ß-fnepw ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønepw Cu h¿Ø-

am\ bpK-Øn-te-°p≈ ]cn-ip-≤mfl ]h¿Ø\-

Øns‚ icn-bmb amXrI ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂psh∂p

]dbp∂-h¿ Ah-cpsS Cu sX‰n≤m-cW°v a‰m-scbpw

]gn-Nm-cp-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. I¿Øm-hns‚ ]p\-cp-

∞m\ kz¿§m-tcm-l-W-ßƒ°p-tijw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-

hns‚ ]h¿Ø\w BI-am\w hyXym-k-s∏-Sp-sa∂p

[mcmfw kqN-\-Iƒ ImWm≥ I-gn-bpw. c£n°s∏´

Xns\ Xp-S¿∂v ]g-b-\n-ba hnip-≤-∑mcpw ]cn-ip-≤m-

flm-hns\ ]m]n-®n-cp-∂p-sh-∂Xv (in-jy-∑m-cpƒs∏-sS)

hy‡-am-Wv. At∏mƒX-s∂, k`m kwhn-[m-\-Øn≥

Iogn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ]hrØn ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn-

te-Xp-t]m-se-b√ Xm\pw. blqZ kº-Zm-b-Øn≥

Iognepw k`m-kw-hn-[m-\-Ønepw ]cn-ip-≤mfl

]h¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS hyXymkw \∂mbn Kln-s®-¶n¬

amX-ta, ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\°pdn-®p≈ icn-bmb Hcp

thZ-]p-kvXI ho£Ww e`y-amIq. XpS¿∂v \mw

ChnsS Cu hyXym-k-ßƒ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-Ibpw

]gb- \n-b-a-Ønse ]cn-ip-≤m-fl-]-h¿Ø\w hni-Zo-

I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I-bmWv.

B. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ ]m]n-®-h¿

\ymb-]-amW hyh-ÿ-bn≥ Iogn¬, km[m-c-W-bm-bn,

]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv Hcp hy‡n-bpsS "ta¬ hcn-Itbm'

"\nd-bv°p-Itbm' (c£n°s∏´tijw) sNøp∂ coXn-

bm-Wp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. Npcp°w Nne ]tXyI hy‡n-

I-fpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp ]h¿Øn-

°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p; adn®v F√m hnizm-kn-I-fnepw

Bbncp∂n√.1 F∂m¬ Ir]-bpsS -]-am-W-Øn≥

Iogn¬ Ahn-Sp∂v kIe hnizm-kn-I-fp-sSbpw Pohn-X-

Øn¬ ]h¿Øn-°p∂p; AXm-bX,v ]pXnb \nb-a-Im-

eØv c£-bpsS ka-bØp Xs∂ Hcp hnizm-knbn¬

]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp ]h¿Øn-°p-hm-\mcw- n-°p∂p (tbm-

l. 7:37˛39: tdma. 8:9; 1 sImcn. 12:13; Kem. 3:2;

1 tbml. 4:13).

s]¥-t°m-kvXp -\mƒ apX-ep≈ ]cn -ip -≤mfl

]h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ kmc-amb Cu hyXymkw icn-bmb

\nebn¬ \mw Kln-°-Ww. C]-Imcw Kln-®-h¿ Hcp

hnizm-kn-bn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv ]th-in-°p-∂-Xv,

""c≠mw A\p-K-lsa∂ \ne-bn¬'' c£m-\p- -h-Øn\pw

tijamsW∂pw At±lw ]Iz -X -bpsS Hcp

\n¿ÆmbI L´-Øn-¬ FØp-tºm-gm-sW∂pap≈

Bi-bsØ A∏msS FXn¿°pI Xs∂ sNøpw. Nne

hnizm-kn-I-fn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hp≠v. a‰p Nne hnizm-

kn-I-fn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn√ F∂ ssZh-im-kvXsØ

Ah¿ AXn-i-‡ambn \ncm-I-cn-°pw. Nne hnizm-kn-

Iƒ°v Cu "c≠mw A\p-K-lw' Ds≠∂pw a‰p-≈-

h¿°v Cs√-∂p-ap≈ ssZh-imkvXw \ymb-]-amW

amXr-I-bn¬ A[n-jvTn-X-am-Wv. k`-bn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-

flmhv ]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv Cu hn[-a√. ]g-b-\n-b-a-

Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv AXn-ti-jvTcmb Npcp°w

Nne-cpsS ta¬ h∂v Bh-kn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p. (k`m

bpK-Øn-te-Xp-t]mse F√m hnizm-kn-I-fnepw A√mbn-

cp∂p) ]gb-\n-bahnizm-kn-I-fn¬ Ah-cpsS c£m\p-

-h-Øn\p tijambncp∂p. (-k- m-bp-K-Øn¬ CXv c£-

bpsS ka-bØp Xs∂ kw -hn-°p∂p) ]g-b-\n-ba DZm-

l-c-W-ßƒ:˛

_k-te¬ ˛ kam-K-a\ IqSm-c-∏-Wn-bn¬ (]pd. 31:

3, 35:31 Bflmhn¬ \nsd®p)

tami-bpw, bnkm-tb-ens‚ 70 aq∏-∑mcpw ]cnip≤m

flmhv Chcn¬ A[nhkn®p, (kwJy. 11:17˛29)

tbmip-h ˛ ]cnip≤mflmhv A[nhkn®p, (kwJy

27:18)

HXv\n-tb¬ ]cnip≤mflmhv Ahs‚ ta¬ h∂p

(\ymb. 3:10)

KnsZ-tbm≥ ˛ ]cnip≤mflmhv Ahs‚ ta¬ h∂p

(\ymb. 6:34)

1 ]cnip≤mflmhns‚ ]gbIme]h¿Ø\sØ∏‰n]dbptºmƒ, Nne¿ hmZn°p∂Xv A\pKloXambt\XrXz ipiqjbv°mbn Npcp°w t]cn¬ amXta]cnip≤mflmhv h∂ncp∂p≈p. ]cnip≤mflmhvipiqjbv°mbn A`ntjIw sNbvXp, A[nhkn®ncp∂n√


F∂mWv. Cu ImgnN∏mSn¬ ]gb\nba`mKØp≈]h¿Ø\coXnIƒ s]¥t°mkvXp apXep≈ HmtcmhnizmknbpsSbpw PohnXØn¬ ]cnip≤mflmhns‚]h¿Ø\tØ°mƒ \nehmcw Ipd™XmWv. ]cnip≤mflmhns‚ ]gb\nbaImesØ°pdn®v ta¬ ]d™]Imcw hmZn°ptºmƒXs∂ B hmZw ]pXnb\nbaImesØ As√¶n¬ s]s¥t°mkvXv \mfn\vtijap≈ ]h¿Ø\hpambn \√ _‘w D≠mtI≠XvA\nhmcyamWv.

258

bn]vXm-lv Bflmhv Ahs‚ ta¬ h∂p (\ymbm.

11:29)

inwtim≥ ˛ Bflmhv Xs‚ ta¬ hcnIbpw

]h¿Øn°pIbpw sNbvXp (\ymb. 13:25; 14:6, 19;

15:4)

iu¬ ˛ Bflmhv Ahs‚ ta¬ h∂p (1 iap. 10:

6,10; 11:6)

Zmho-Zv ˛ ]cnip≤mflmhv Ahs‚ ta¬ h∂p

(1 iap. 16:13; ImWpI 2 iap. 23:2)

Aa-kmbn ˛ ZmhoZns‚ hoc≥ (Bflmhv Ahs‚

ta¬ 1 Zn\. 12:18)

Ak-cym-]-hm-N-I≥ ˛ Bflmhv Ahs‚ ta¬

h∂p(2 Zn\. 15:1)

Bkm^ns‚ ˛ Bflmhv Ahs‚ ta¬ h∂p

(2 Zn\. 20:14)

skJ-cym-hv, btlmbmZm ]ptcmlnXs‚ aI≥ ˛

Bflmhv Ahs‚ ta¬ h∂p (2 Zn\. 24:20)

sbsl-kvt°¬˛Bflmhv Ahs‚ ta¬ h∂p

(sbsl. 11:5)

aoJm˛ Bflmhn\m¬ \nd™p(aoJm. 3:8)

C. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ Hcp hy‡n-bpsS ta¬ ]cn-ip-

≤mfl ipiq-j-bpsS Ime ssZ¿Lyw

\ymb-]-am-W-Øn≥ Iognepw Ir-]-bpsS ]am-W-

Øn≥Io-gn-epap≈ ]cn-ip-≤mfl ]h¿Ø-\-Øns‚

]Ya hyXymkw Bcn-emtWm Bflmhp ]h¿Øn-

°-p∂Xv B hy‡n-I-tfm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn-emWv. \ymb-

]-amW ImeØv ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv Npcp-°w -NnecpsS

ta¬ amXw h-∂n-cp∂p. (F-√m-h-cp-sS-bpw-ta¬ A√)

AXpw c£bpsS A\p- -h-Øn-\p-tijw. c≠m-a-Xm-

bn, Cu c≠p bpK-ß-fn-ep-ap≈ ]cn-ip-≤m-fl-]-h¿Ø-

\-Øns‚ hyXymkw, Bfp-I-fn¬ Ahn-Sp -sØ

]h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ ka-b-ssZ¿Ly-Øn-emWv Z¿in-

°m≥ Ign-bp-I. k`m- hy-h-ÿ-bn≥ Io-gn¬ ]cn-ip-

≤m-flmhv hnizm-kn-bn¬ Ft∂°pw hkn-°p∂p

(tbml. 14:16˛17, Fs^. 4:30). F∂m¬ \ymb-]-amW

hyh-ÿ-bn¬ Ahn-Sp∂v Hcp hy‡n-bpsSta¬ hcn-

Ibpw t]mhp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. Cu c≠p hyh-ÿ-

Iƒ XΩn¬ Iq- n-°p-g®v C∂v Hcp hnizm-kn-bn¬ \n∂p

]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp hn´p-t]mIpw F∂pw hnizm-kn-bpsS

hnip-≤nsb ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bmWv ]cnip≤mflm[n-

hmkw CS-ap-dn-bmsX XpS-cp-∂-sX∂pw Nn¥n°p∂Xv

h√mØ ]ni-Im -Wv. CØcw Kuchamb

sX‰n≤mcWI-fmWv ""Bflmth, aS-ßn-h-tc-Wsa''

F∂pw a‰pw ]m¿∞n-°p-∂-Xn-te°v Nnesc hgn sX‰n-

°p-∂-Xv. ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv ]q¿Æ-ambpw Hcp hy‡nsb

hn´p-t]m-Ip-∂Xv \ymb-]-amW hy-h-ÿ-bn≥ Iogn-em-

bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v Hm¿°-Ww. ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv inwtim-

s\bpw iuen-s\bpw hn´p-t]m-bn. ZmhoZv C°m-cy-sØ-

°p-dn®v Nn¥m-Ip-e-\m-bn-cp∂p. 2

Zeoe Ah-t\mSv: inwtim-s\, s^enkvXy¿

hcp∂p F∂p ]d-™p. Ah≥ Dd-°-Øn¬

\ns∂-gp-t∂‰v, Rm≥ apsº-∂-t]mse CsX√mw

IpS-™p-I-fbpw F∂p ]d-™p. btlmh

Ahs\ hn´p-t]m-bXv Ah≥ Adn-™n√''

(\ym-b. 16:20).

""btlm-h-bpsS Bflmhp iuens\ hn´p-

amdn'' (1 iap. 16:14).

""\ns‚ k∂n-[n-bn¬ \n∂v Fs∂-X-≈n-°-f-b-

cptX, \ns‚ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ F∂n¬ \n∂v

FSp-°-bp-a-cptX'' (k¶o. 51:11).

VII. k`m-bp-K-Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ]h¿Ø\w

A. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ]h¿Ø\w Ahn-izm-kn-I-

tfmSp≈ _‘-Øn¬

1. t_m≤yw hcp-ØpI

""t_m≤yw hcp-ØpI'' F∂ ]Zw km[m-c-W-bm-bn,

InkvXob aWvU-e-Øn¬ Hcp hnizm-kn-bpsS hy‡n-

]-c-amb ]m]-ßƒ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv At±-l-Øns‚ a\-

m-£n-bn¬ s\mºcw \¬In A\p-kva-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-

s\-°p-dn-®mWv D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. CXv \ymb-am-Wv.

ImcWw; ssZh-h-N\w ""ip≤o-I-cWhpw imk-\bpw''

\¬Ip-∂-XmWv (2 Xnsam. 3:16). hnizm-kn-I-fpsS Ipd-

hp-Iƒ kw_-‘n®v Ahsc t_m≤yw hcp-Øp-hm≥

]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp ssZh-h-N\w D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p-

sh∂Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√. F∂n-cp-∂mepw, ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-

hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ Xncp-sh-gp-Øns‚ hy‡-amb ]Tn-∏n-

°-ep-Ifpw Ahs‚ t_m≤yw hcp-Øp∂ ]hr-Ønbpw

hnizm-kn-I-tfm-sS-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ \jvS-s∏´ ]m]n-I-tfm-

SmWv hnc¬Nq≠p-∂-Xv. tbml. 16:7˛11 hsc-bmWv

][m\ thZ- mKw

""Rm≥ \nß-tfmSv kXyw ]d-bp∂p.- Rm≥ t]m

Ip-∂Xv \nßƒ°v ]tbm-P\w; Rm≥ t]mIm-

™m¬ Imcy-ÿ≥ \nß-fpsS ASp-°¬


2Nne kabßfn¬ ]cnip≤mflmhv ]m]nIfn¬ As√¶n¬AhnizmknIfn¬ ]h¿Øn°p∂p. XmXvImenIambn]cnip≤mflmhv AhnizmknIfn¬ Nne kzm[o\ßƒkrjvSn°phm\mbn ]h¿Øn®p(kwJy. 24:2; 1 iap.19:20˛24).

259

hcnIbn√; Rm≥ t]mbm¬ Ahs\ \nß-fpsS

ASp-°¬ Abbv°pw. Ah≥ h∂p ]m]-sØ-

°p-dn®pw \oXn-sb-°p-dn®pw \ymb-hn-[n-sb-°p-

dn®pw temI-Øn\p t_m[w hcp-Øpw. Ah¿

F∂n¬ hniz-kn-°m-bvI-sIm≠v ]m]-sØ-°p-

dn®pw Rm≥ ]nXm-hns‚ ASp-°¬ t]mIbpw

\nßƒ C\n Fs∂ ImWm-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v \oXn-sb-°p-dn®pw Cu

temI-Øns‚ ]`p hn[n-°-s∏-ń-cn-°-sIm≠v

\ymb-hn-[n-sb-°p-dn®pw Xs∂ (tbm-l. 16:7˛11).

a. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ Ip‰t_m[w hcp-Øp-∂ ipiq-

j-bpsS Bh-iy-IX.

kmØm≥ Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS a\ v Ipcp-Sm-°p-∂p-

sh∂p Cu ]T-\-Øn¬ hni-Z-am-°n-bn- p-≠t√m? ]cn-

ip-≤m-fl-hn-\mep≈ ]Im-i\w IqSmsX Hcp Ahn-

izm-kn-bv°pw kphn-tijw a\- n-em-°phm≥ Ign-bn√

(tbm-l. 6:44; At∏m. ]h. 16: 14; 26:18; 1 sImcn. 1:18;

2:14; 2 sImcn. 4:3˛4 . IqSmsX, Cu ]pkvX-I-Øns‚

4˛mw A≤ym-bw, 6˛mw A≤ymbw (]tXyIn®pw Xnc-

s™-Sp-∏n-s\-°p-dn-®p-≈Xv) 9˛mw A≤ymbw F∂nh

t\m°p-I. kmØm\y A‘-Xsb Xpf®p Ib-dm-\p≈

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ]cn-iaw IqSm-sX, kphn-ti-j-

Øns‚ ]m[m-\y-hpw, aqeyhpw B¿°pw Kln-°m-

\m-hn-s√∂v ssZh-Øn-∂-dnbmw. AXns‚ Zpc-¥- -e-

am-I-s´, Bcpw Hcp-\mfpw hniz-kn-°-bn√ F∂-Xpw.

AXp-sIm≠v ssZh-Øn\v Hcp Xnc-s™-Sp-∏n≥ ]≤-

Xn-bp-≠v. hniz-kn-°m-\p≈ ]m]vXnbpw Ignhpw

Ds≠∂p ssZhw ap∂-dn™ F√m-hcpw Xs∂ ]cn-

ip-≤mfl ]h¿Øn-bpsS kzoI¿Øm-°-fmbn Xnc-

s™-Sp-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv Ah-cpsS

hnizmkw shfn-s∏-SpØØ° \ne-bn¬ A‘Imc

sØ \o°p-∂p. Cu t_m≤y-Øn-te°pw ]Im-i-\-

Øn-te°pw ""th¿Xn-cn-°p∂'' ]cn-ip-≤mfl ipiqj,

"hnip-≤o-I-cWw' F∂ ]Zw sIm≠v 2 sX . 2:13

epw 1 ]sXm. 1:2 epw ]Tn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

b. temI-Øn\p Ip‰t_m[w hcp-Øm-\p≈ ]cn-ip-

≤m-flm-hns‚ D]-I-c-W-ßƒ

t_m[w hcp-Øp-∂-Xn-\m-bp≈ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚

]mY-anI D]-I-c-W-ß-fn-sem-∂v ssZh-h-N-\-amWv-

F-∂-Xn¬ kwi-b-an√ (bm-t°m. 1:18; 1 ]sXm. 1:23;

tdma. 10:14˛17) ssZh-h-N\w hym]n-∏n°p-∂-Xn¬ a\p-

jy¿°pw ]¶p-≈-Xn-\m¬ tem-I-Øn\p t_m[w hcp-

Øp-∂-Xn¬ hnizm-kn-Ifpw Hcp apJm-¥-c-am-sW∂p

Nn¥n-°p-∂-Xn¬ sX‰n√. hmsam-gn-bmb ktµ-i-Øn-

eq-sSbmWv Hcp hiØv hnizm-kn-Iƒ temI-Øn\p

"t_m[w' hcp-Øp-∂Xv. (A-t∏m. ]h. 5:32; 1 sImcn.

14:24; Fs^. 5:11) AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂, adp-h-iØv

\oXnbp≈ Pohn-X-Ømepw (a-Øm. 5:16; ^nen 2:15˛16;

1 ]sXm. 2:12, 15).

c. Ip‰t_m[w hcp-Øp∂ ]cn-ip-≤mfl ]hr-Øn-

bpsS ]mY-anI Xe-ßƒ

ssZh-h-N-\-Øn-eqsSbpw hnizm-kn-I-fn-eq-sSbpw ]cn-

ip-≤m-flmhv temI-Øn\v, hy‡n-]-c-amb ]tXyI

]m]ßsf-°p-dn®p t_m[w hcp-Øp-sa-∂-Xn\v(tbml.

3:20) bmsXmcp kwi-b-hp-an-s√-¶n-epw, ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-

hns‚ t_m[w hcpØp∂ ipiq-j-bpsS ]mY-anI

e£yw hy‡n-]-c-amb ]m]-ß-f-√. aZy-]m-\w, A«o-

e-NnXw ImWpI; AXn-thKw tIm]n-°pI F∂n-ß-

s\-bp≈ Imcy-ß-sf-°p-dn®v a\- m-£nsb DW¿Øp-

∂-XmWv ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ""t_m[w hcp-Øp∂

ipiqj'' sb∂ [mcW, CSp-ßnb Nn¥m-K-Xn-bm-Wv.

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ t_m≤yw hcp-Øp∂ ipiq-j-

bpsS hnim-e-amb hiw ImWm-sXbpw ]cn-ip-≤mfl

ipiq-j-bpsS icn-bmb e£yw Kln-°m-sXbpw XS-

-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ sX‰mb [mcW-bm-Wn-Xv. tbml. 16:8

se "]m]w' F∂ GI-h-N\ ]tbmKw tbml. 16:93

¬ ]d-bp∂ ""hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xn¬ ]cm-P-b-s∏-SpI''

AYhm ""hnizm-kn-°m-Xn-cn-°pI'' F∂-Xn-t\mSp _‘-

s∏-´m-Wn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv ][m-\-ambpw

temI-Øn\p Ahnizmkw F∂ ]m[m\yap≈ ]m]-

sØ-°p-dn®v t_m≤yw hcp-Øp-hm≥ ]-cn-i-an-°p-∂p.

][m\ ]m]w ""Ah¿ F∂n¬ hnizkn°mbvI''

F∂-Xm-Wv. t_m≤yw hcpØp∂ a‰p≈ F√m LS-

I-ßfpw c≠mw \nc-bnte hcp-∂p≈q. Ahn-izmkw

F∂ ]m]-amWv £an-°-s∏-Sm-ØXpw Hcp hy‡nsb

\nXy \mi-Øn-te°v hogn-°p-∂-Xpw. tIhew GsX-

¶nepw ZpjvS-kz- m-h-Øn¬ \n∂pw km∑m¿§n-I-ambn

\ho-I-cn-°pI F∂-X√ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ t_m[w

hcp-Øp∂ ipiq-j. kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ AXn-ti-jvT-

aqeyw c£n-°-s∏-SmØ Hcm-fp-sS a\- n-te°v ]Im-

in-∏n-°p-Ibpw kmØm\y A‘-X-b-I‰n tbip-In-

kvXp-hns\ \ntj-[n-°p∂ òI-c-amb ]m]mhÿ

sb°p-dn®,v ho≠pw P-\n-°mØ Abm-fpsS a\ m-

£n-bn¬ Bg-amb Ah-t_m[w krjvSn-°p-I-bp-amWv

]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv sNøp-∂-Xv. Aßs\ At±lw

""hnizkn-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn'' ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv A`y¿∞n-

°p-I-bmWv. c£n-°-s∏-SmØ \jvS-s∏´ ]m]ntbmSp

≈ _‘-Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ]hrØn c£m-

X-Xz-im-kvX-]-c-amWv, [¿Ω-im-kvX-]-c-a√ (ethical).

3 tbml. 16:9 ¬ hoti F∂ Ko°v hm°n\v ""AXv; AXm-bXv'' F∂ A¿∞-ap≠v. ""Ah¿ F∂n¬ hnizkn°mbvIsIm≠p.''


260

hy‡n-]-c-amb ]m]-ß-sf-°p-dn®v t_m[w hcp-

Øp∂Xv c≠mw Imcy-am-Wv. Ahn-izm-k-sa∂ ZpjvS-

Xsb°pdn®p t_m[w hcp-Øp-∂-XmWv H∂mw Imcyw.

CXp-Iq-SmsX ]cnip≤mflmhv \oXn-sb-°p-dn®p

t_m[yw hcp-Øp∂Xv c£bpsS Dt±-i-tØm-sS-bmW.v

\oXn-sb-°p-dn®v temI-Øn\v t_m[w hcp-Øp∂ ]cn-

ip-≤mfl ipiqj A\n-hm-cy-am-°p-∂ LS-Iw, Cu

temI-Øn-\v, InkvXp-hns\ hy‡n]cambn ImWm≥

Ign-bm-Ø-Xm-Wv(tbm-l. 16:10). AXp-sIm≠v ]cn-ip-

≤m-flmhv temI-Øn\p \oXn-sb-°p-dn®pw t_m[w

hcpØpw F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚

kz¥w \oXn-bmWv. Ahn-izm-kn-bmb Hcp hy‡n°v

InkvXp-hns‚ \oXn-sb-°p-dn®v t_m[w hcp-Øp-I-

bmWv ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv sNøp-∂-Xv A√msX c£n-

°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\p apºp≈ Ah-ÿ-bn¬ Hcp Ahn-izm-

knsb kw_-‘n®v [m¿Ωn-I-amb Hcp Ah-t_m[w

Abm-fn¬ kr-jvSn-°pI F∂-X-√. InkvXp-hns‚

\oXn-bpsS B-I¿j-Wo-b-Xbpw InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-

kn®v \oXo-I-cn-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xns‚ Bh-iy-I-X-bpw

c£n-°-s∏-SmØ Hcmsf ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv t_m≤y-am-

°p∂p. AXp-t]mse InkvXp-hns\ "\oXn-sI´ Hcp

h©-I-\mbn' ImWp-∂-Xnse Kuc-h-X-c-amb A]-ISw

Abmsf Kln-∏n®v "InkvXp-hns‚ \oXn' hnizm-k-

Øm¬ Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-Øp∂-Xn-te°v At±-lsØ

\bn-°p∂p.

tbml. 16:7˛11 hsc-]-Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂X\p-k-cn®v ]cn-

ip-≤m-flmhp t_m[w hcp-Øp∂ ipiq-j-bpsS HSp-

hn-esØ LSIw \ymb-hn-[n-sb-°p-dn®v, temI-Øn\p

\¬Ip∂ t_m≤y-am-Wv. Iqiv kmØms‚ \mi-hn[n

Dd-∏m-°n Ign™p. Iqip apJm-¥cw ssZh-Øn\p a\p-

jysc kmØm\y ASna-Xz-Øn¬ \n∂v c£n-°m≥

Ign-bpw. ImcWw tbip-InkvXp \ΩpsS ]m]-Øn-

\p≈ in£m-hn[n Xs‚ ta¬ hln®p-sIm≠v kmØm-

\n¬ \n∂pw ]m]-Øns‚ in-£-bn¬ \n∂pw \oXn

]q¿∆amb hnSp-X¬ \ap°p ]Zm\w sNbvXn-cn-°p-

∂p. ssZhw Xnc-s™-SpØ HSp-hn-esØ hy‡nbpw

c£n-°-s∏-Sp∂tXmSp-IqsS ]nim-Nn-t\mSv, G¿s∏-

tS≠ hn[-Øn¬, ssZhw CS-s]- p-sIm-≈pw. InkvXp-

hns\ Ahn-iz-kn-®v, Ahn-SpsØ \oXn-bpsS at\m-lm-

cn-X-sb Ah-K-Wn®v, Ip-‰-°m-cmbh¿°p hcm≥

t]mIp∂ \ymb-hn-[n-sb-°p-dn®v ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv

temI-Øn\v (tem-I-Ønse a\p-jy¿°v) DØa

t_m[yw hcp-Øp∂p.

d. "Ip‰t_m[w hcpØpw' F∂p-]-d -bp -∂-Xn¬

Fs¥√mw Dƒs∏-Sp∂p F∂Xp kw_-‘n® tNmZyw

tbml. 16:8˛¬ "temIw' F∂p ]d-™n-cn-°p∂

]ZØn¬ \n∂pw, At\-Icpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-\m¬

t_m[w h∂n´pw Ah-km\ \nanjw kXysØ \ntj-

[n-°p∂ A\p-`-h-Øn¬ \n∂p-amWv Cu tNmZyw

Db¿∂n-´p-≈-Xv. kmØm\y A‘-Xsb Iodn-ap-dn®v

]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv ]Im-i\w \¬Ip-∂p. Ahn-iz-kn-°p-

∂-Xnse ZpjvS-Xbpw InkvXp-hn≥ \oXn-bpsS hkvXp-

Xbpw InkvXp-hns\ \ntj-[n-°p-∂-Xns‚ A]-I-Shpw

Ah¿°p t_m[y-am-°p∂p. F∂n´pw Ah¿ hniz-

kn-°p-hm≥ Iq´m-°p-∂n-√. CXv ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚

t_m[y-am-°¬ ipiqj kw_-‘n®v Nne tNmZy-ßƒ

Db¿Øp-∂p. temI-Øn¬ P\n-°p∂ Hmtcm hy‡n-

sbbpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp Cu \ne-bn¬ t_m[w hcp-

Øp-∂pthm? AtXm tbml. 16:8˛¬ ]d-bp-∂-X-\p-

kcn®v C∂p ImWp∂ ""temI-hy-h-ÿn-Xn-bn¬'' ]cn-

ip-≤m-flmhp ]h¿Øn-°p-I-bmtWm? s]mXp-hmbn

]h¿Øn-°p-tºmƒ, Hmtcm hy‡n-bnepw ]tXyIw

]h¿Øn-t°≠ Bh-iy-an-√t√m? CtXmSp _‘-s∏´

as‰mcp tNmZy-amWv, Fgp-X-s∏´ shfn-∏mSv C√mØ

ÿm\Øv ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv t_m[w hcp-Øp∂

ipiqj sNøptam C√tbm F∂-Xv Im-cWw [mcmfw

Bfp-Ifpw Pohn-°p-∂Xv thZ- ]p-kvXI kXy-ß-fpsS

BZn-]mTw t]mepw e`y-a-√mØ kml-N-cy-ß-fn-em-

Wt√m?

Cu tNm-Zy-ß-fpsS DØ-c-ßƒ, temI-Øn¬ c£n-°-

s∏-Sm-Ø-h-cpsS at≤y ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv, hmkvX-h-

Øn¬ F¥p sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p F∂- \-ΩpsS

Adn-hns\ _m[n-°p-∂-X-√. ]cn-ip-≤mfl ]hr-Øn-

bpsS hym]vXn hfsc hep-Xm-Wv. \mw Ahsb√mw

""t_m[w'' hcp-ØpI F∂ Hcp Xe-hm-N-I-Øn≥

Iogn¬ sIm≠p-h-∂mepw Cs√-¶n-epw.

temI krjvSn-ap-X¬ _p≤n°p sXfn-hmbn ssZh

-]-hrØn shfn-s∏´p hcp-∂p-sh-¶nepw a\p-jy≥

AXns\ \nc-kn-°p∂p F∂Xv FXtbm icn-bmWv

(C-tøm. 12:7˛9; k¶o. 19:1˛3; tdma. 1:19˛20). [m¿ΩnI

a\- m-£n-bn¬ NqSp-]n-Sn®p a\p-jy≥ ssZhnI kXy-

ßsf \ntj[n°p∂p (tdma. 2:14˛5). a\p-jy-≥ D≈n¬

\n∂p hcp∂ ssZhØnep≈ hnizmksØ \ntj-

[n-°m-dp≠v (2 ]sXm. 3:5). ]s£, CsX√mw \nanØw

ssZh-Øns‚ JWvUn-X-amb in£m-hn-[n-bn≥ Iogn¬

a\p-jy≥ \in-®p-t]m-Ip-hm≥ amXw CS-bmIpw.

ss__n-fn¬ \n∂pw kphn-ti-j-sØ-°p-dn®p hy‡-

amb Hcp ktµiw Ah¿ tIń-ń√ F∂p hcmw.

F∂m¬ Cu hn[ ]hr-Øn-Iƒ ssZh-\n-tj-[-am-I-

bm¬ kphn-tijw tIń-s√-¶n¬t]mepw ssZhw

Ahsc, in£m-hn-[n-bn-te-°p X≈p-hm≥ aXn-bm-b-X-

sX. ]Ir-Xn-bnse shfn-∏m-Sn-eqsS ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv

\jvS-s∏´ ]m]n-I-fpsS lrZbsØ ssZh-Øn-¶-te°v


261

D±o-]n-∏n®psh∂p hcmw (tdm-a. 10:18). CØcw ]Im-

i\w ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ t_m[w hcp-Øp∂ ipiq-

j-bn≥ Iogn¬ hcp-∂-Xmbn Icp-Xmtam C√tbm F∂p-

≈-XmWv ]iv\w. CXv Fgp-X-s∏´ ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚

]Im-i-\a-√t√m? adn®,v ]Ir-Xn-bnse shfn-∏m-Sm-

Wt√m AXv; AXp-sIm≠v ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚

as‰mcp ]h¿Ø-\-ambn AXns\ ]cn-K-Wn-®m¬

t]mtc? F∂p≈XmWv hnj-bw.

tbml. 16-˛¬ ]-cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ t_m≤yw hcp-

Øp∂ ipiq-j-sb-°p-dn®p hmKvZØw sNøp-tºmƒ,

Hcp ]pXp-]p-Ø≥ ipiq-j-sb-°p-dn®p Xs∂-bm-Wv

InkvXp ]d-™-sX∂p Nn¥n-®m¬, ]Ir-Xn-bnse

shfn-∏m-Sn-eqsS ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv ]Im-i\w \¬Ip-∂-

Xv Hcp ]tXyI hn[-Øn-ep≈ ipiq-j-bm-sW∂v Xcw

Xncn-t°-≠nh-cpw. InkvXp-hns‚ hy‡nXzw kw_-

‘n®v t_m[w hcp-Øp-∂-Xn¬ \n∂pw hyXy-kvX-am-

Wn-sX∂pw ]d-tb-≠n-h-cpw. At∏mƒ ""t_m[w hcp-

Øp∂ ]cn-ip-≤mfl ipiqj'' Cu bpK-Øn-te°p

amX-ap-≈-Xm-sW∂pw AXn\v hy‡-amb kphn-tij

]Jym-]\w D≠mtb aXn-bmhq F∂pw kΩ-Xn-t°-

≠n-h-cpw. Aß-s\-sb-¶n¬ temI-Øn¬ samØ-ambn

]cn-ip-≤mflp sNøp∂ ipiq-j-bmWv ""t_m[w hcp-

Ø¬'' F∂pw Hmtcm hy‡n-bnepw ]tXyIw

sNøp∂ ipiq-j-b-s√∂pw ]d-tb-≠n-h-cpw.

tbml. 16- ¬ ]d-bp-∂Xv: InkvXp-hns‚ kz¿§m-tcm-

l-W-ti-jw, ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp IqSp-X¬ Du∂¬

\¬In sNbvhm≥ t]mIp∂ ipiq-j-bpsS hnI-knX

cq]-am-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v ""t_m[w hcp-ØpI'' F∂p

]d-bp-tºmƒ ]Ir-Xn-bnse shfn-∏m-Sn-eqsS-bp≈

]Im-i-\hpw AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂, InkvXp-hns‚

(kz¿§m-tcm-l-W-Øm¬) hy‡nXzw kw_-‘n®v

Ipsd-°qsS hy‡-amb ]Im-i\w e`n-°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv.

]Ir-Xn-bn-eqsS e`n-°p∂ ]Im-i-\hpw t_m[w hcp-

Øp∂ ipiq-j-bpsS ]cn-[n-bn¬s∏Sp-Øm-sa-¶n¬

temI-Ønse ]mb-]q¿Øn-bmb GXp hy‡nbpw ]cn-

ip-≤m-flm-hn-\m-ep≈ ""t_m≤yw'' e`y-am-bn-´p-≈-

hcmWv.

F¥m-bmepw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ]hr-Øn-bpsS

hym]vXn Cu \ne-bn-ep-f-f-Xm-Wv. ]Ir-Xn-bn-eqsS e`n-

°p∂ ]Im-i-\sØ ""]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-\m¬ t_m[w

hcp-Øp∂'' Xmbn apZ IpØ-Wtam AtXm hyXy-

kvX-amb Hcp ]hr-Øn-bmbn Icp-Xn-bm¬ aXntbm

F∂-XmWv GI ]iv\w. Fgp-X-s∏´ hm°p-Iƒ

IqSmsX Xs∂ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn\v \jvS-s∏´ ]m]n-

I-fpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ ]h¿Øn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw.

t\ml-bpsS ImeØv Bflmhv A]-Imcw

]h¿Øn®n- p-≠v (D-ev]. 6). \jvS-s∏´ ]m]n-I-fpsS

lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp ]h¿Øn-°p∂

At\I hn[-ß-fp-≠v Ah ]s£ \ap°v Adn-™p-

Iq-S-t∂-bp≈q (tbm-l. 3:8).

2. XS-bpI AYhm \nb-¥n-°pI

temIw bm-\-I-amw-hn[w Zp-jvS-X-bn-e-a¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p.

F¶nepw lo\hpw A[-a-hp-amb ]hr-Øn-Iƒ

AXns‚ Bg-Ønepw ]_-e-Xbnepw IpSn-sIm-≈p-

∂Xv a\p-jy-lr-Z-b-Øn-em-Wv. Hmtcm a\p-jy-lr-Z-b-

Ønepw IpSn-sIm-≈p∂ hj-f-Xz-Øns‚ Bg-a-\p-

kcn®v t\m°p-tºmƒ temI-am-I-am\w kw -hn-°p∂

ZpjvS-X-bpsS B[nIyw AX-b-[n-I-am-sW∂p ]d-bm-

\m-hn -s√∂p Npcp-°w. C∂v temI-Øn¬ \mw

ImWp∂ am\h -kw-kv°m-cßsf√mw Xs∂ \ne-\n-

ev°p-∂Xv kºq¿Æ-ambpw ssZh-Øns‚ Ir]-

sIm≠m-Wv.

`qan apgp -h≥, Duln-°m≥t]mepw Ign -bmØ

_m[Iƒ \nd-bp∂ Hcp D]-Z-h-Imew hcp-sa∂p Xncp-

sh-gpØp ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. Nne IjvS-X-Iƒ ssZh-tIm[

^e-ambn kw`-hn-°p-∂-Xm-sW-¶nepw A[n-I-]¶pw

a\p-jy≥ kzbw hcp-Øn-h-bv°p∂ hn\-I-fm-bn-cn-°pw.

\nb-¥-Wan-√m-ØXpw ISn-™m-Wn-√m-Ø-Xp-amb ]m]-

ß-fpsS ^e-ambn a\p-jy\p Xs∂-Øm≥ Ah-s‚-

ta¬ hcp-Øp-hm≥ Ign-bp∂ Zpcn-X-ß-fpsS ]q¿ÆX,

temIw C\nbpw ImWp-h≥ t]mIp-∂-tX-bp-≈q. 2

sX . 2:6˛7 ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv, Cu h¿Ø-am-\-Im-eØv

Btcm Hcmƒ ZpjvS-X-bpsS B[n-IysØ XS-™p-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-sX. ""XS-bp-∂-h≥'' \mi-tbm-

Ky-\m-b-hs‚(A¥nInkvXp) Fgp-t∂‰p hc-hns\

XSp-Øp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. A√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬

Ah≥ ssZhØns‚ ka-b-Øn-\p- apºp-Xs∂ ]Xy-

£-\mbn temIsØ \nb-¥n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.

""Ah≥ ka-b-Øn-\p-apsº shfn-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-t°-

≠-Xn\p Ct∏mƒ XSp-°p-∂Xp F¥v F∂p

\nßƒ Adn-bp∂p. A[¿Ω-Øns‚ a¿Ωw

Ct∏mtg hym]-cn-°p-∂p≠p; CXp-hsc XSp-°p-

∂-h≥ hgn-bn¬ \n∂p \oßn-t∏mI amXw

thWw (2 sX . 2:6˛7).

""XSp-°p-∂-h≥'' F∂v 2 sX . 2:6˛7 hsc ]d-bp∂

hy‡n, Aam-\p-jnI i‡n-bp-≈-h-\m-bn-cn-°-Ww.

\mi-tbm-Ky\pw A[¿Ω aq¿Øn-bp-am-b-h-\n-eqsS (]m-

]-a-\p-jy≥) temIm-[n-]Xyw Gs‰-Sp-°p-hm-\p≈

kmØm\y e£ysØ FXn¿Øp \nev°p-hm≥ Aß-

s\-bp≈ Hcmƒ°p amXsa km[n-°p-I-bp-≈p

( 7˛mw hmIyØn¬ ]p√nwK cq]-am-Wp-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv


262

""Ct∏mƒ XSp-°p-∂-h≥'' C]-Imcw XSp-°p-∂Xv

AYhm XS-bp-∂-Xv) Hcp hy‡n-bm-sW∂p hy‡w.

Cu mK-Øn\p \¬Im≥ Ign-bp∂ G‰hpw DØ-aamb

hymJym-\w ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hv Cu h¿Ø-am-\-Im-eØv,

temI-hy-h-ÿn-Xn-bnse A[¿Ω-sØbpw A\o-Xn-

sbbpw XS-™p-sIm≠p \nev°p∂p F∂p-≈-Xm-Wv.

Ah≥ Aßs\ sNøp-∂n-s√-¶n¬, a\p-jy≥ Im´n-

°q- p∂ a\p-jy-Xz-an-√m-bva-Iƒ a\p-jy-s‚-ta¬ cq£-

ambn hcnIbpw A¥n-InkvXp A[n-Im-c-Øn¬ AXn-

thKw Ah-tcm-[n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂p.

]cn-ip-≤m-flmhmWv "XS-bp-∂-h≥' F∂ ho£Ww

Bdmw hmIy-Øn¬ \]pw-kIw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂Xv

F¥p-sIm-≠m-sW∂p hni-Zo-I-cn-°phm\pw klm-

b-I-amWv. "Bflmhv' F∂ ]Zw \]pw-k-I-am-b-Xp-

sIm≠v 6˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ ]utemkv \]pw-kIw D]-

tbm-Kn-°p∂p. F∂n-cn-°nepw Ahn-SpsØ hy‡n-Xz-

Øn\v Du∂¬ \¬Ip-hm\m-K-ln-®p-sIm≠v 7˛mw

hmIy-Øn¬ "]p√nwKw' D]-tbm-Kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p.

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ""XS-bp-∂ the'' AYhm \n-b-

¥n-°p∂ ]hr-Øn, atlm]-Z-h-Im-e-Øn\p apºp≈

D¬]m-]-W-Øn\v Hcp sNdnb (c-≠m-X-cw) ]n¥p-W-

bmbpw Ccn-°p-∂p. AXm-bXv temI-Øn¬ ZpjvS-X-

bpsS B[n-IysØ XS-bp-hm≥ km¿∆-XnI k`sb

]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂p; k`m km∂n-≤y-an-

√mØ ÿm\-Øp-≠m-Im-hp-∂-Xnepw ss__nƒ hniz-

kn-°p∂-h-cmb bYm¿∞ InkvXym-\n-Iƒ D≈

ÿm\-Øv ZpjvS-X-bpsS Afhv Ipd-hm-bn-cn-°-Ø°

\ne-bn¬ hnizm-kn-Iƒ temIsØ kzm[o-\n-®n- p-≠v.

k -bn-eqsS-bp≈ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ]hrØn Ah-

km-\n-°p∂Xphsc A¥n-InkvXphn\p temI-Øn¬

]Xy-£-s∏Sphm≥ IgnIbn√. k -bpsS ]h¿Ø\w

`qan-bn¬ Ah-km-\n-°p-∂-Xm-Is´ DXv]m-]-W-Øn-¶¬

amXhpw.

B. hnizm-kn-I-tfm-Sp≈ _‘Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-

hns‚ ]hrØn

1. ]pXp-P-\\w

InkvXp-hn¬ Bi-bn-°p∂ Hcp hy‡n°v B \nan-

j-Øn¬ Xs∂ Aam-\p-jn-I-ambn ssZhw t\cn´v˛

\nXy Poh≥ D≈n-em-°p∂ ]hr-Øn-bm-Wn-Xv. ]e-

t∏mgpw ]pXp-P\\w AYhm ]p\¿P-\-\-sØ-°p-dn®p

]d-bp∂ thZ-hm-Iy-ß-fn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-s\-°p-

dn®p ]d-bp-∂n-√ F-∂-XmWv hmkvXhw. F∂m¬

hniz-kn-°p∂ Hcmƒ°v ]pXp-Po-h≥ \¬Ip-∂-Xn-¬

]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv hym]r-X-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂p hy‡-

am-°p∂ c≠p ][m\ thZ- m-K-ß-fp-≠v.

""tbip Ah-t\mSv: Bta≥, Bta≥ Rm≥

\nt∂mSp ]d-bp∂p; ]pXp-Xmbn P\n-®n√

F¶n¬ ssZh-cmPyw Im◊m≥ B¿°pw Ign-

I-bn√ F∂v DØcw ]d™p'' ""AXn\p tbip:

Bta≥ Bta≥ Rm≥ \nt∂mSp ]d-bp∂p:

sh≈-Ømepw Bflm-hn-\mepw P\n-®n√

F¶n¬ ssZh-cm-Py-Øn¬ IS-∏m≥ B¿°pw

Ign -I -bn -√. PU-Øm¬ P\n -®Xp PUw

BIp∂p; Bflm-hn-\m¬ P\n-®X v Bflmhp

BIp∂p. \nßƒ ]pXp-Xmbn P\n-t°Ww

F∂v Rm≥ \nt∂mSp ]d-I-bm¬ B›-cy-s∏-

S-cpXv. Im‰p CjvS-ap-t≈-SØp DuXp-∂p.

AXns‚ i_vZw \o tIƒ°p-∂p. F¶nepw

AXv Fhn-sS-\n∂p hcp∂p F∂pw Fhn-tS°p

t]mIp∂p F∂pw Adn-bp-∂n√; Bflm-hn-

\m¬ P\n-®-h≥ F√mw AXp-t]mse BIp∂p

F∂p DØcw ]d™p (tbm-l. 3:5˛8).

""Ah≥ \sΩ \mw sNbvX \oXn ]hr-Øn-I-

fm-e√; Xs‚ Icp-W-]-Im-c-asX c£n-®-Xv;

]p\¿P-\-\ kv\m\w sIm≠pw, \ΩpsS c£n-

Xmhmb tbip-InkvXp aqew \Ωp-sS-ta¬ [mcm-

f-ambn ]I¿∂ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ \ho-I-

cWw sIm≠pw Xs∂ (Xo-sØm. 3:5).

Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂ hmIy-ß-fn¬ A[n-Ihpw t\cn v ]cn-

ip-≤m-flm-hn-s\-°p-dn®p ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂n-√. F∂n-cp-

∂mepw Ah ]p\¿P-\\sØ°p-dn-®p≈XmI-bm¬,

]pXp-P-\-\-Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp sNøp∂ ]hr-Øn-

sb-°p-dn®p ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-h-bm-Wv. hniz-kn-°p∂

Hcmƒ°p th≠n ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp ""]pXp-P-\\w'' Df-

hm-°p∂p (tbml. 1:12˛13; 3:3˛8; 1 sImcn. 4:15; 1 ]sXm.

1:3, 23, 1 tbml. 5:1). imco-cnIP\-\-am-Wt√m Hcp

inip-hns\ IpSpw-_-Øns‚ AwK-am-°p-∂Xv. ]pXpP-

\ -\hpw Hcp hy‡nsb IpSpw -_-Øn -em -°n -

Øo¿°p∂p; ssZh-Ip-Spw-_-Øn¬. (9- mw A≤ymbw

t\m°p-I) tbml. 1:12˛13; tdma. 8:14˛19; Kem. 3:26; 4:

4˛7; 1 tbml. 3:1˛2). ]pXp-P-\-\w, Xo¿®-bmbpw ]pXnb

Poh≥ IqSn-bmWv A¿∞am-°p-∂-Xv. IqSp-X¬ hy‡-

ambn ]d-™m¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv Hcp hnizm-kn°v

\nXy-Po-h≥ ]Zm\w sNøp∂p (tbm-l. 3:16; 4:14; 5:

24; 6:40; 47; 10:28; tdma. 6:23; 1 tbml. 5:13). ]p\¿P-

\\w, ]pXp-P-\\w, ]pXp-Po-h≥ CXymZn ]Z-ßfpw

CtX Bibw hy‡-am-°p-hm≥ ss__nƒ D]-tbm-

Kn-°p-∂p-≠v. ]pXnb ]p\-cp-∞m\ Poh≥ F∂ ]Z-

]-tbm-K-Øm¬ Nne-t∏mƒ CXv ]p\¿P-\-\sØ kqNn-

∏n-°m-dp≠v (tbml. 5:21, 25; 14:19˛20; tdma. 6:4; 11, 13;

Kem. 2:20; Fs^. 2:5; sImsem. 1:27; 2:12˛13; 3:1˛2).


263

]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp Df-hm-°p∂ ]p\¿P-\\w, InkvXp-

hns‚ ]p\-cp-∞m\ Po-h-s‚ ]¶m-fnØw \¬Ip-∂p.

AØ-c-samcp Poh≥ \nXy-Po-h-\m-sW∂p a\- n-em-

°m≥ hnj-a-an√, ImcWw InkvXp-hns‚ Poh≥ Hcn-

°epw Ah-km-\n-°p-∂n-s√∂p hy‡-am-Wt√m?.

]p\¿P-\-\sØ ss__nƒ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ as‰m-

cp-coXn-bmWv, ]pXnb ]Ir-Xn-bp-f-hm-°p∂ ]pXn-b-

krjvSn F∂v AXns\ hnfn-°p-∂-Xv(2 sImcn. 5:17;

Kem. 6:15; Fs^. 2:10; 4:24; 2 ]sXm. 1:4). Cu hmIy-

ß-fpsS km[y-amb Hcp hymJym-\-am-Wn-Xv. 4

C]Imcw, ]p\¿P-\-\-Øns‚ D]-tZisØ, InkvXp-

hns‚ Pohs‚ ]¶m-fnØw e`n-°-p∂-Xmb ]pXp-

P\\w, ]pX-Xzw, \h-Po-h≥, \nXy-Po-h≥, ]p\-cp-

∞m\ Poh≥ F∂n-h-tbmSpw ]pXnb ]IrXn (s]-cp-

am‰ coXn)tbmSpw _‘-s∏-SpØn Nn¥n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

Xncp-sh-gpØv Nne-t∏mƒ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv ]pXp-Xmbn

P\n-∏n-°p-∂p-sh∂p ]d-bp-∂p. a‰p kµ¿`-ß-fn¬

ssZh-h-N-\-amWv ]pXp-P-\-\-ap-f-hm-°p-∂-sX∂pw

]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p. ]p\¿P-\-\-Øns‚ Cu c≠p LS-

I-ßfpw Iqń tbmPn-∏n®p Nn¥n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. Xncp-

sh-gp-Øp-I-fpsS bYm¿∞ cN-bn-Xmhv ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-

hm-Wt√m? (2 iap. 23:1˛2; 1 Xnsam. 4:1; 2 ]sXm. 1:

20˛21) ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv h-N\w D]-tbm-Kn®v ]pXp-Po-

h≥ e`y-am-°p∂p (bm-t°m 1:18; 1 ]sXm. 1:23). Hcp

hy‡n kphn-tijw Kln®v hniz-kn-t°-≠-Xn\v ]cn-

ip-≤m-flmhv hN-\-Øm¬ B hy‡n°v Dƒt_m[w

\¬Ip-Ibpw kmØm\y A‘-Im-csØ Zpco-I-cn-

°pIbpw sNøp-∂p.

Bfl-kv\m-\hpw ]p\¿P-\-\hpw InkvXp-hn-t\m-Sp≈

sFIy-Xsb ]Zm\w sNøp-∂-Xm-I-bm¬ Cu c≠p

hnjbßfpw At\ym\y_‘-Øn¬ ho£n-t°-≠-

XmWv. Bfl-kv\m\w F∂p-]-d-™m¬ InkvXp Hcp

hy‡nsb InkvXp-hns‚ Bflm-hn¬ B°p-∂p-

sh∂m-Wv. A]-Imcw B hy‡n InkvXp-hn-t\m-Sp-

ff sFIy-Xm-_-‘-Øn-te°p hcp-∂p. InkvXp-hns‚

Poh-\n-ep≈ sFIy-X-sb∂p ]d-bp∂Xv ]pXp-

Po-h-\m-Wv. AXm-bXv ]p\¿P-\\w. ]p\¿P-\-\w,

Bfl-kv\m\w Cu ]tbm-K-ßƒ hfsc hyXy-kvX-

ß-fm-sW∂p tXm∂mw. F∂m¬ bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Ch

c≠pw InkvXp -hn -t\m -Sp≈ sFIy-X-sbbpw

Ahn-SpsØ Pohs‚ ]¶m-fn-Ø-sØbpw kw_-‘n-

®p-≈-Xm-Wv. InkvXp-hns‚ Poh-\p-am-bp≈ sFIy-

Xm-_‘w Df-hm-°p-∂-Xm-Wv Bfl-kv\m-\w; AXn-s\-

bmWv ]p\¿P-\-\-sa∂p hnfn-°p-∂Xv. ]cnip-≤m-flmhv

Df-hm-°p∂ "t_m[y'amWv hnizmkw km≤y-am-°p-

∂-Xv. Aßs\ Afl-kv\m\w \S-°p-∂p. C]-Imcw

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ t_m[w hcp-Øp∂ ipiq-jbpw

Afl-kv\m-\hpw ]p\¿P-\-\-hp-sa√mw ]c-kv]-c-

_‘nX-ß-fm-Wv.

2. A[n-hmkw

k`m-bp-K-Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ipiq-j-bmWv

A[n-hm-kw. c£n-°-s∏-Sp∂ \nanjw Hcp hnizm-kn-

bn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp ÿnc-hmkw Bcw-`n-°p-∂p.

Cu \n¿∆-N-\-Øns‚ hnhn[ hi-ßƒ Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂

hni-Zo-I-c-W-Øn¬ \n∂p Kln-°mw. 5

a. Bcn-emWv ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp A[n-h-kn-°p-∂Xv?

\ymb-]-am-Whpw Ir]bpw XΩnepw blq-Z-a-Xhpw

InkvXob hnizm-khpw XΩnepw kmc-amb hyXym-

kw ImWm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-h¿ Cu h¿Ø-am-\-Im-esØ

]-cn-ip-≤m-flm-[n-hm-ksØ kw_-‘n® D]-tZiw

a-\- n-em-°p-∂Xn¬ ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Itb D≈q. tbml.

7:37˛39 epw 14:16˛17 epw InkvXp ]Tn-∏n-®-Xv, Ahs‚

tXP-kv°-c-W-Øn\pw kz¿§m-tcm-l-W-Øn-\pw -tijw

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-Øn\v henb am‰w hcp-

sa-∂m-Wv. ]g-b-\n-b-a-tam, kphn-ti-j-ßtfm, k`m-bp-

K-Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-fl-]-h¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS am¿§ tcJ-

bmbn ImWp∂ Hcmƒ, Xo¿®-bmbpw Imcy-ßƒ Iqń-

°p-g-bv°p-I-bm-bn-cn°pw êw. InkvXp-hns‚ tXP-


4 2 sImcn. 5:16 ]kvXm-hn-°p-∂-Xv, c£-bv°p-tijw Hcphnizmkn Bfp-Isf hyXy-kvX-ambn t\m°p-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv.InkvXp-hns\ hy‡n-]-c-ambn Adn-bp∂ Hcp Ahn-izmkn,c£n-°-s∏´ tijw I¿Øm-hns\ hfsc hyXy-kvX-am-bn-´m-bn-cn°pw t\m°n-°m-Wp-I. AXp-sIm≠v 2 sImcn. 5:17]Y-a-ambpw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv, Hcp hy‡n c£n-°-s∏-´-tijw a‰p-≈-h-sc-°p-dn-®p≈ At±-l-Øns‚ ]pXnbImgvN-∏mSpw hne-bn-cp-Ø-ep-amImw amX-a-√, ASp-Ø-bnsSamXw c£n-°-s∏´ Hcmƒ°v, X\n°p apsº hnizm-k-Øn¬ h∂-h-cp-ambn Hcp ]pXnb _‘w D≠m-bn-cn-°pw.Hcp hy‡n c£n-°-s∏- -bm-f-s√-¶n¬ hnizm-kn-Iƒ At±-lsØ hyXy-kvX-am-bn- m-bn-cn°pw ho£n°pI. am\-km-¥cw At±-lsØ ]pXnb hy‡n-bmbn ImWm≥ Ahscklm-bn-°p-∂p. Abmƒ At∏mtg°pw Hcp ]pXnb krjvSn-bmbn Xocp-I-bm-Wv.

5 A`n-tjIw F∂ Imcyw thsdmcp hnj-b-ambn ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂n√. Imc-Ww, Bflm-[n-hm-k-hp-ambn Cgp-In-tN¿∂p t]mIp∂ H∂m-bn-´mWv (Ir-]m-bp-K-Øn¬) Cuhnjbw Ccn-°p-∂-Xv. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn-em-I-s´, A`n-tjIwhnfn-tbm-tSm, HutZym-KnI DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-tØmtSm the-tbmtSm D≈ _‘-Øn-em-Wv ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv. ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿ FÆ-sIm≠v A`n-tjIw sNø-s∏-Sp-am-bn-cp∂p(]pd. 29:7; kwJy. 3:3) AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ cmjvS- -c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Ifpw A`ntjIw sNø-s∏-Sp-am-bn-cp-∂p.(1 iap. 9:16;16:12; 2 iap. 12:7; 1 cmPm. 1:34).

Nne-t∏mƒ "A`n-tjIw' F∂ ]Zw Hcp hy‡n-sb]tXy-In®pw Hcp t\Xm-hns\, Xs‚ ZuXy \n¿∆-l--WØn-

264

kv°-c-W- k-a-bw- ap-X¬ (kz¿§m-tcm-lWw Dƒs∏sS)

hniz-kn-°p∂ kI-e-cnepw ]cn-ip-≤mflm[n-hm-k-

ap-≠v. InkvXp-hn-\p≈ F√m-h-cnepw ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv

A[n-hmkw sNøp-∂p.

""F∂n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-hs‚ D≈n¬ \n∂p

Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-]-d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse Poh-P-e-

Øns‚ \Zn-Iƒ HgpIpw F∂p hnfn-®p]-d-™p.

Ah≥ CXp X∂n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿°p

e`n-∏m-\p≈ Bflm-hn-s\-°p-dn-®mIp∂p ]d-

™-Xv'' tbip A∂p tXPkvIcn°s∏ńń√m

bvIbm¬ Bflmhv h∂nń√mbncp∂p

(tbm-l. 7:38-- ˛39).

""...InkvXp-hns‚ Bflm-hn-√m-Ø-h≥ Ah-\p-

≈-h\√''(AXpt]mse, InkvXp hn\p≈h

\n¬ ]cnip≤mflmhv hkn°p∂p)

(tdm-a. 8:9).

1 sImcn. 12:13˛¬ ]d-bp-∂Xv ""\mw F√m-hcpw Htc

Bflm-hns\ ]m\w sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p'' F∂m-Wv.

AXns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-a-\p-k-cn®v InkvXp-hn-t\mSp

sFIy-Xbp≈ F√m-h-scbpwIpdn-®mWv ]d-bp-∂-Xv.

hniz-kn-°p∂ kI-e-scbpw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Wn-Xv.6

""IpSn-°pI'' F∂ hm°v, Hcp B¥-cnI ]hrØn-

sb-°p-dn®p Nn¥n-°m≥ Hcphs\ t]cn-∏n-°p-∂-XmWv.

C]-Imcw F√m kXy InkvXp-hn-izm-kn-Ifnepw ]cn-

ip-≤m-flmhv A[n-h-kn-°p-∂p-sh-∂mWv ]utemkv

]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

]p\-cp-∞m\w Ah-Im-i-am-°n-bn´p≈ F√m-hcnepw

Xs∂ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hp- hkn°p∂p F∂ kXy-Øn¬

\n∂pw CtX \n¿Æ-b-Øn¬ FØn-t®cmw (tdm-a.

8:11).7 ]pXXzw ]m]n-®-h-sc√mhcnepw ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv


\mbn i-‡o-I-cn-°p-hm≥, At±-lØn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhvA[nhmkw sNøp-∂-Xn-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-Øn-emWv (]mY-an-I-ambn) D]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p-≈Xv (1 iap. 10:1, 6, 10; 16:13).C]-Imcw, A`n-tj-Ihpw ]mY-an-I-ambn ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhphcp-∂Xpw XΩn¬ _‘-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. F¶nepw ]g-b-\nba \ymb-]-am-W-Øn¬ Iogn¬ ""Bflm- n-tjIw'' F∂vXncp-sh-gpØp t\cn´v kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv ""A`n-jn-‡-\mbainlm'' sb-°p-dn-®p- am-X-amWv (sb-i. 61:1; eqt°m. 4:18;At∏m. ]h. 10:38). Zmho-Zns\ t]mse-bp≈ a‰p-≈-hcpw]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-\m¬ A`n-tjIw sNø-s∏- p-sh∂p ]d-bm-sa-¶nepw (Xn-cp-sh-gpØp t\cn v Aß-s\ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂n-√)C]-Imcw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm`n-tj-I-sØ-°p-dn®p ]d-bp-∂X,vHcp t\Xm-hn-s\ Xs‚ DØ-c-hm-ZnXz \n¿h-lWØn-\mbni‡o-I-cn-°p-hm≥, ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv At±-l-Øn≥ta¬]mY-an-I-ambn hcp∂ Imcy-amWv. ]g-b-\n-ba Ime-L-´-Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv Npcp°w Nne hy‡n-I-fn¬ A[n-hmkw sNbvXp. AXpw Ah-cpsS c£m-\p- -h-Øn-\p-tijw;AXp-sIm≠v \ymb-]-am-W-Øn≥ Iognse ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-`n-tjIw Ir]-bpsS Cu Ime-L- -Øn-te-°p≈ kw£n]vXamXr-I-bm-sW∂p ]d-bm-\m-hn-√.

k`m hyh-ÿ-bn≥ Iogn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp kI-e-cnepw A[n-hmkw sNøp-∂p. BI-bm¬ Bflm-`n-tj-I-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ GsXmcp ]pXn-b-\n-ba ]Tn-∏n-°epw F√mhnizm-kn-I-sfbpw Dƒs∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xpw, c£-Wy-k-a-bØvBcw- n-°p∂Xpa-sX. CXmWv bYm¿∞ kwK-Xn.

2 sImcn. 1:21 At∏m-kvX-enI Imcy-amImw ]d-bp-∂Xv.]s£ F√m hnizm -kn -I -sfbpw Dƒs°m-≈n®p]d-bp-∂-Xm-Im-\mWp km≤y-X. 1 tbml. 2:20, 27 F∂ohmIy-ß-fmWv ]cn-ip-≤m-flm- n-tj-I-sØ-°p-dn®p ]d-bp∂a‰p thZ- m-K-ßƒ. Hmtcm hnizm-knbpw Cu A\p- hw Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-h-cm-sW-∂mWv Ah hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xv.(Hmtcm hnizm-kn-bnepw Bflm-hns‚ A[n-hmkw D≠v).c£m-k-abw A`n-tj-I-Øn-\p-th≠n bmNn-°p-Itbm]m¿∞n-°p-Itbm GsX-¶n-epw-hn[ ]cn-iaw sNøp-∂Xpkw_-‘n®pw bmsXmcp thZm-[m-c-hpan-√. Ct∏mƒ F√mhnizm-kn-Ifpw hnip-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏ v (I¿Ør-th-e-bv°mbn

th¿Xn-cn-°-s∏- -h-cm-Wv). Ah-c-h-cpsS DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ß-ƒ\n¿h-ln-°p-hm≥ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-\m¬ A`n-tjIw sNø-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.

"A`n-tjIw' F∂ hm°v, Hcp ]tXyI ]hr-Øn-°mbnHcp hnizmkn C∂p ssZh-Øm¬ \S-Ø-s∏-Sp-Ibpw B]hrØn sNøp∂Xn\p≈ Ignhv \¬In A\pKln°p∂Xns\bpw kqNn-∏n®p ]d-bm-am-bn-cn-°pw. (D-Zm. ipiq-j-bv°mbn \ntbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn-s\, Hcp A`n-tjIw F∂v Bfp-Iƒ ]d-t™-°mw) Hcp ipiqj sNøm≥ Hcmƒ ]tXyIw]m]vXn-bpw Ign-hpap≈ Bfmbncn°p-Ibpw At±lw AXvA\p-K-l-Icambn \n¿∆-ln-°pIbpw sNbvtX°mw. C]-Imcw `mjm-]-c-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn¬ XI-cm-dn-s√-¶nepw ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse Aflm-`n-tj-I-hp-ambn (Hcp]tXyI ZuXy-Øn-\mbn i‡o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se)CXn\v _‘-an-√. ]pXnb \nba Bflm-`n-tj-Iw, Hcphy‡n-bpsS Pohn-XsØ Bflmhv ]mY-an-I-ambn i‡o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-t\mSmWv G‰hpw ASpØ _‘w. \ymb-]-am-W-Øn≥ Iogn¬ Cu BZym-\p- -hw, Zmho-Zns‚ Imcy-Øn-se-∂-t]m-se˛ c£-bv°p-ti-j-amWv kw -hn-°p-∂-Xv.F∂m¬ ]pXn-b-\n-ba Ir]m-bp-K-Øn¬ Hmtcm hnizm-knbpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-\m¬ ]tXyI ipiq-j-bv°mbnA`n-tjIw sNø-s∏-ń-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. AXm-bXv Ah¿hnhn[ BflnI ipiq-j-Iƒ°mbn th¿Xn-cn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. ipiq-jn-°p-hm-\p≈ hn`-hßƒ F√m-h¿°pw]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn¬ \n∂pamWv e- n-°p-∂Xv (1 sImcn. 12:7; Fs^. 4:12). AXp-sIm≠v ]cn-ip-≤m-flm- n-tj-I-Øn-\p-th≠n bmNn®p ]m¿∞n-t°≠ Bhiyw Hcp ssZh-ss]-X-en-\n-√. Hmtcm hnizm-kn-bpsS Pohn-X-Ønepw A[n-hmkwsNøp∂ ]cn-ip-≤mflmhns‚ km∂n≤yØm¬ AXp- ]-I-c-s∏´p Ign-™n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.6F√m hnizm-kn-Iƒ°pw InkvXp-hn-t\mSv sFIyXbp≠v(Fs^. 2:4˛9; Kem. 3:26˛28). AXp-sIm≠v F√m hnizm-knIfpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-[n-hmkw D≈-h-cm-Wv; Fs¥-∂m¬InkvXp-hn-t\m-Sp≈ sFIy-Øns‚ ImcWw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ A[n-hm-khpw ]cn-ip-≤mfl kv\m\-hp-am-Wv(1 sImcn.12:13). Hcp InkvXp- hn-izmkn ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- n-s√∂ Nn¥bv°v bmsXmcp ASn-ÿm-\-hp-an-√.7F√m hnizm-kn-Iƒ°pw \nXy-Po-h≥ D≠v (tbml. 5:24;

265

9 Fs^. 1:13 IqsS t\m°pI. ""\nßƒ hnizkn®p''F∂Xn\m¬ ""]cnip≤mflmhn\m¬ \nßƒ apZbnńcn°p∂p'' F∂p ]cn`mj sNømhp∂XmWv. c£n°s∏Sp∂ kabØv ]cnip≤mflmhv Hcp hy‡nbn¬IS∂phcp∂p F∂Xn\mepw ]cnip≤mfl ]m]WwhnizmkØmemWv F∂v a‰t\I thZ`mKßƒ IrXyambnshfns∏SpØp∂Xn\mepw ^q´ vt\mń¬ ChnsStN¿Øncn°p∂ ]cn`mjbv°v ap≥Xq°ap≠v.

A[n-h-kn-°p-∂p≠v (K-em. 4:6; tdma. 8:14; icn-bmbn

Kln-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv). 8

""tbip-hns\ acn-®-h-cn¬ \n∂p-bn¿∏n-®-h≥

\nß-fn¬ hkn-°p-∂ Xs‚ Bflm-hn-s\ -

s°m≠v \nß-fpsS a¿Xy-i-co-c-ß-sfbpw

Pohn∏n-°pw. (tdm-a. 8:11).

""\nßƒ a°ƒ BI-sIm-≠v, A∫m ]nXm-

sh, F∂p hnfn-°p∂ kz]pXs‚ Bflm-

hns\ ssZhw \ΩpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn-¬ Ab-®p''

(Kem. 4:6)

PUn-I-cmb (]m-Ir-X-sc-t∏m-se-bp-≈) sImcn-¥y¿°v

]utemkv Fgp-Xp-tºmƒ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv A[nhkn-

°p∂ Nnecpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv A[n-h-kn-°mØ a‰p

Nne-cp-sa∂ hyXymkw ]utemkv tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-

tX-bn-√. F√m-h-scbpw Dƒs°m-≈n®p-sIm≠v F√m

hnizm-kn-I-fnepw ]-cn-ip-≤m-flmhv A[n-h-kn-°p∂p

F∂mWv ]utemkv ]kvXm-hn-°p-∂Xv.

""\nß-fn¬ Ccn°p-∂, ssZh-Øns‚ ]cn-ip-

≤m-flm-hn-s‚, aµn-c-am-Ip∂p \nß-fpsS ico-

c-sa-∂pw \nßƒ Xm¥m-ßƒ°p-≈-h-c√

F∂pw Adn-bp-∂n-√tbm?'' (1 sImcn. 6:19).

Hcp hnizm-knsb kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw ]cn-ip≤m-flm-

[n-hmkw \S∂p-I-gn™ Hcp bmYm¿∞y-am-bn´v

At\I ]mhiyw ]pXn-b-\n-baw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-

∂p≠v. (tdm-a. 5:5; 2 sImcn. 5:5; 1 tbml. 3:24; 4:13

F∂nh t\m°pI). Hcp hnizmkn, Cu bpK-Øn¬

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-[n-hmkw t\Sp-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n At\z-jn-

°p-I-tbm, ]cn-i-an-°p-Itbm sNø-W-sa∂ bmsXmcp

Iev]-\bpw Xncp-h-N-\-Øn-en-√.

b. Ft∏mƒ? Fß-s\-bmWv Hcmƒ°v ]cn-ip-≤m-

flm[nhmkw e`n°pI?

F√m hnizm-kn-I-fnepw ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv A[n-h-kn-°p-

∂-Xn-\m¬ hnizm-k-Øm-emWv Hcmƒ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-


hns\ ]m]n-°p-∂-sX-∂pw, hniz-kn-°p∂ ka-

bØv ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv B hy‡n-bn¬ A[n-hmkw

Bcw- n-°p-∂p-sh∂pw FXtbm hy‡-amW.v tbm-

l. 7:38˛39 Dw Kem. 3:2 Dw ]tXy-Im¬ hy‡-am-°p-

∂-Xv, InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-

Øn-emWv ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv e`n-°p-∂Xv F∂-sX.

Hcmƒ°v InkvXp-hn¬ hnizm-k-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw

B hy‡n°v ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv C√m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p-sh∂ Hcp Imcyw Xncp-sh-gp-Øn\v A\y-

amWv. C]-Imcw, InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-Øns‚

ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv A[n-h-kn-°p-Ibpw

B ka-bØp Xs∂ Cu \ne-bn-ep≈ hnizmkw

Bcw- n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

""F∂n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-hs‚ D≈n¬ \n∂v

Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-]-dbpw t]mse Poh-P-e-Øns‚

\Zn-Iƒ HgpIpw''; CXv X∂n¬ hniz-kn-°p-

∂-h¿°v e`n-°m-\n-cp∂ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-s\-

°p-dn-®sX Ah≥ ]d-™Xv: tbip-InkvXp

A∂v tXP-kv°-cn -°-s∏-ńń√mbvIbm¬

]cn -ip -≤m -flmhv h∂nń√mbncp∂p''

(tbm-l. 7: 38˛39).

""Rm≥ CsXm∂p amXw \nßtfmSp Kln-∏m≥

C-—n-°p-∂p.'' \nßƒ°p Bflmhv e`n®Xv

\ymb-]-am-W-Øns‚ ]hr-Øn-bm-tem, hnizm-

k-Øns‚ ]kwKw tI´Xn\mtem'' (K-em. 3:2).9

ssZh-a-°-fm-b-h-cn-se√mw ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv A[n-h-kn-

°p∂p (K-em. 4:6; tdma. 8:14). Hcp hy‡n, hniz-kn-

°p∂ ka-b-Øv, hnizm-k-Øm¬ ssZh-ss]-X-em-Ip-

∂-Xn-\m¬, hniz-kn-°p∂ ka-bØp Xs∂ ]cn-ip-

≤mflm[nhmkhpw D≠mtb aXn-bmhq. AXp-t]m-se,

InkvXp-hp-ambn sFIy-Xbp≈-h¿ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-[n-

hmkw D≈-h-cmWv (tdm-a. 8:9; 1 sImcn. 12:13). Hcp

hy‡n, Cu _‘w t\Sp-∂Xv hnizm-k-Øm-em-I-bm¬,

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ A[n-hm-khpw hnizm-k-Øm-emWv

e`n-t°-≠-Xv. InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizmkw Imem-¥tc

Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂ev∏v e`y-am-°p-Ibpw sNøpw (tbm-l.

6:40, 47). ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv ""\nß-fpsS a¿Xy-i-co-c-ßsf

Pohn--∏n°pw'' (tdm-a. 8:11). F√m \ne-bn-epap≈

sXfnhv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv, hnizm-k-Øns‚ ASn-

11:25). Poh≥ sImSp-°p-∂Xp ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hm-I-bm¬(tdma. 8:11), F√m-h-cnepw ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv D≠mtb aXn-bm-hq. Hcp bYm¿∞ InkvXp- hn-izmkn ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ ]m]n-®n- n√ F∂ Nn¥-bv°p-t]mepw bmsXmcp hn[B[m-c-hp-an-√.8. F√m hnizm-kn-Ifpw ssZh-Øns‚ ]pX-∑m-cmWv (tbm-l. 1:12, 13; Kem. 3:26). Cu ]pXXzw Df-hm-°p-∂Xp ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hm-I-bm¬ (K-em. 4:6; tdma. 8:14), Hcp InkvXphnizm-kn°v ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-s√∂p Nn¥n-°p-∂Xp Xs∂t`mj-Xz-am-Wv. Hcp bYm¿∞ InkvXym-\n-bm-bn-cn°pIbpw(hn-izm-kn) At±lw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ ]m]n-®n- n-s√∂p(A-h-Im-i-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-ń -s√-∂p) ap≈ Bi-b-Øn\vbmsXmcp kmwKXyhpan√ Xs∂.

266

InkvXp-hn-t\mSp sFIy-Xbn¬ XpScp∂hcnepw

(1 sImcn. 12:13), InkvXp-hns‚ hc-hn-¶¬ Dbn¿sØgp

t∂¬°p∂h-cnepw (tdm-a. 8:11) ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv A[n-

h-kn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v ssZh-a-°ƒ

F∂pff ]Zhn Hcn-°epw C√mXmImØ-Xn-\mepw,

InkvXp-hn-t\m-Sp≈ sFIyX \jvS-s∏-Sm-Ø-Xn-\mepw

Ah¿ Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev°m-Xn-cn-°n√ F∂-Xn-\mepw,

Bflm-hns‚ A[n-hm-khpw \nXy-ambncn°Ww.

]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp hcn-Ibpw t]mhp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p-

sh∂p Icp-Xp-∂-h-cpw, ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ kl-hm-

k-Øn-∂mbn At]-£n-®v, bmNn-®v, At\z-jn-°p-Itbm

AXn-∂mbn ap≥I-sø-SpØp ]cn-i-an-°p-Itbm thW-

sa∂p ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-h-cpw, k`m bpK-Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-

fl-]-h¿Ø\w kw_‘n®v Xncp-sh-gpØp F¥v ]Tn-

∏n-°p-∂p F∂Xn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ A⁄-X-sIm≠mWv

Aßs\ sNøp-∂-Xv. 10

3. Bfl-kv\m\w

a. Bap-Jhpw \n¿h-N-\hpw

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ kw_-‘n® ]T-\-Øn¬ ""Bfl-

kv\m\w'' AX-tbsd hnj-a-I-c-amb `mK-a-s√-¶nepw

CXv hf-sc-tbsd sX‰n≤cn-°-s∏-´n-´p≈ H∂mWv.

]pXnb\nbaw apgph\mbn ]cntim[n®m¬ Bfl-

kv\m-\-Øn-\p-th≠n A≤zm-\n-°-W-sa-∂p≈ Hcp

Iev]-\bpw ImWm≥ Ign-I-bn√. ]gb\nbaw

apgph\mbn ]cntim[n®mepw Bflkv\m\Øn\p≈

Hcp ]cma¿ihpw ImWphm≥ Ignbn√.


ÿm\-Øn-em-Wv, ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv A[n-h-kn-°p-∂-

sX-∂pw, InkvXp-hn¬, Hcp hy‡n hnizmkw

A¿∏n-°p∂ B ka-b-ØmWv A[n-hmkw Bcw-

`n-°p-∂-sX-∂p-am-Wv. At∏m. ]h. 10:44 CXn\v Hcp

ZrjvSm¥w \¬Ip-∂p. ]sXmkv kphn-tijw ]kw-

Kn-®-t∏mƒ Nne¿ hniz-kn-®p, ]kwKw Ah-km-\n°pw

apºp-Xs∂; AXp amX-a√ Ah¿ Pekv\m\-ta-

ev°p∂Xn\p hfsc apºp Xs∂ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\

]m]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

c. FX-tØmfw ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv A[n-h-kn°pw?

\ymb-]-am-W-Øn≥ Iognse coXn, ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp

A[n-h-kn-°p-Ibpw ]n∂oSv hn´p-t]m-Ip-Ibpw Bbn-

cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, AXn¬ \n∂p hyXy-kvX-ambn, InkvXp

Xs‚ injy-∑m-tcmSv ]d-™-Xv, ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚

]pXnb ipiq-j-bn≥ Iogn¬, Ah≥ Ft∂°pw IqsS

Ccn°pw F∂m-Wv. AtX kµ¿ -Øn¬ Xs∂, Ah≥

hy‡-am-°n-b-Xv, Xs‚ hm°p-Iƒ At∏m-kvX-e-∑msc

amXw Dt±-in-®√; adn®v Xs‚ P\sØ samØ-Øn¬

Dt±-in-®m-sW∂-sX.

""F∂m¬ Rm≥ ]nXm-hn-t\mSp tNmZn°pw;

Ah≥ kXy-Øns‚ Bflmhp F∂ as‰mcp

Imcy-ÿs\ Ft∂°pw \nß-tfm-Sp-IqsS Ccn-

t°-≠-Xn\p \nßƒ°p Xcpw; temIw Ahs\

ImWp-Itbm Adn-Itbm sNøm-bvI-bm¬

AXn\p Ahs\ e`n-∏m≥ Ign-I-bn-√. \nß-

tfm, Ah≥ \nß-tfm-Sp-IqsS hkn-°bpw \nß-

fn¬ Ccn-°bpw sNøp-∂XpsIm≠p Ahs\

Adn-bp-∂p. tbip Ah-t\mSp: ""Fs∂ kvt\ln-

°p-∂-h≥ Fs‚ hN\w ]am-Wn°pw; Fs‚

]nXmhp Ahs\ kvt\ln°pw; Rßƒ

Ahs‚ ASp-°¬ h∂v Ah-t\m-Sp-IqsS hmkw-

sN-øpw. (tbm-l. 14:16, 17, 23).

Fs^. 4:30 kmt¶-Xn-I-am-bn, A[n-hm-k-sØ-°p-dn-®√;

]XypX; apZ-sb-°p-dn-®mWv ]d-bp-∂-sX-¶nepw Hcp

hnizm-kn-bn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-fl]-h¿Ø\w ÿnc-am-b-Xm-

sW∂v B mKw Dd-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. hnizm-kn-I-fn¬ ]cn-

ip-≤m-flmhv A[n-h-kn-°p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS Poh-Imew

apgp -h≥ Ah≥ Ah-cn¬ ]h¿Øn-°p -Ibpw

sNøp∂p.

""ssZh-Øns‚ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ Zp:Jn∏n-

°cpX,v Ah-\m-et√m \nßƒ°v hos≠-Sp-∏n≥

\mfn∂mbn apZ-bn- n-cn-°p-∂Xv'' (F-s^. 4:30).

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-[n-hm-k-Øns‚ Ime-ssZ¿Lyw c£-

bpsS \nXy- -ZX F∂ D]-tZ-i-hp-ambn Cgp-In-tN¿∂p

InS-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. ssZh-a-°-fm-b-h-cnepw (K-em. 4:6),

10 eqt°m. 11:13 ]e-t∏mgpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn\p th≠n bmNn-°p∂p F∂ BibØns‚ sXfn-hn-\mbn Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v. F∂m¬ AXv \ymb-]-am-W-bp-K-Øn≥Iogn¬ \¬In-b-Xm-Wv, A∂v hfsc°pd®p hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p amXsa ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp e`n-®ncp-∂p-≈p. InkvXpXs‚ injy-∑msc Blzm\w sNbvXXv ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-\p -th≠n bmNn -∏m-\m-Wv. F√m hnizm -kn -I-fnepwA[nhmkw sNøp∂ ]cn-ip-≤mfl ipiq-j, InkvXp-hns‚tXP-kv°-c-Ww hsc kw`-hn-®ns√-¶nepw InkvXp-hns‚sFlnI ipiq-j-bpsS Bcw`Øn¬ Nne A\p-bm-bn-I-fp-sS-ta¬ ssZhw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ Ab-bv°p-∂-Xmbn\mw ImWp-∂p≠v ( tbml. 7:38˛39), F∂m¬ t]mepwAh-cn¬ Bc-¶nepw Ft∏m-sg-¶nepw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-\p-th≠n At]-£n-°p-Itbm bmNn-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂-XmbntcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- n-√.

eqt°m. 11:13 -˛¬ \¬Ip∂ kµ¿`-Øn¬ \ne-hn-en -cp∂Xnt\-°mƒ hyXy-kvX-ß-fmb ]h¿Ø\ kml-N-cy-ß-fmWv k`m bpK-Øn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. C∂m-I-s´, hniz-kn-°p∂ GsXm-cmƒ°pw, tNmZn-°p-Itbm bmNn-°p-ItbmsNømsX Xs∂ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp e`n-°p-I-bm-Wv. eqt°m.11:13 ˛\v Imen-I-amb ]k‡n A∂sØ kml-N-cy-Øn¬D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-cn-°mw. F∂m¬ C∂v ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv

267

]tem- -\-ßfpw kΩ¿±-ß-fp-sams° A-h-km-\n-°p∂

Hcp InkvXo-bm-\p-`-h-Øns‚ Db¿∂ aWv-U-e-Øn-

te°v- F-Øn-t®-cp-∂p-sh∂ hnIm-c-apfhm-°p-∂tXm

AXn-\p-th≠n hyK-X-s∏-Sp-Itbm sNøp∂ H∂√

Bfl-kv\m-\w. Hcp sshImcn-I- A-\p- qXn AYhm

A\p- hw F∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ Bfl-kv\m\w ASn-ÿm-

\-]-c-ambn Hcp ]Zhnbm-Wv. Xmsg-]-d-bp∂ c≠p

\n¿h-N-\-ßfpw IrXy-X-bn¬ Imcyw hy‡-am-°p-

∂Xm-Wv.


]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv kphn-ti-j-ßƒ ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂ ka-b-Øn¬ \n∂pw AXm-bXv k` Bcw- n-°p-∂-Xn\p apºp≈kµ¿ -Øn¬ \n∂pw XnI®pw hyXy-kvX-am-bn- m-Wv.

tbml. 20: 22 c£n-°-s∏- -Xn\pw hfsc \mfp-Iƒ°p-tijw]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ ]m]n-°p-∂-Xn\v as‰mcp ZrjvSm-¥-ambn Nne¿ Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v. F∂m¬ Chn-sSbpw \mwKln-®n-cn-t°≠ ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb hkvXpX \ymb-]-am-W-Øn¬ \n∂pw Ir]-bn-te°pw blq-Z-a-X-Øn¬ \n∂pwInkvXob hnizm-k-Øn-te°pap≈ am‰-am-Wv. InkvXp-hn-s‚ kz¿§m-tcm-l-W-k-a-bØpw ]cn-ip-≤m-fl- kv\m\w `m-hn-bn¬ Bbn-cn-°p-sa∂p InkvXp ]Tn-∏n-®-Xn¬ \n∂v Cuam‰-Øns‚ Ime-L´w Ahs‚ kz¿§m-tcm-lW kµ¿`whsc kw -hn-®n- n-s√∂p hy‡w (A-t∏m. ]h. 1:5), tbml.20:22 \S-∂Xv k`m-bp-Km-cw- -Øn\p apºm-Wv, AXp-sIm≠vCt∏mƒ Cu h¿Ø-am-\-Im-esØ ]cn-ip-≤m-fl-]-h¿Ø-\-sØ-°p-dn®v bmsXm∂pw Cu hmIyw ]d-bp-∂n-s√∂vhy‡w.

CXnep]cn tbml. 20:22 s]s´∂v a\ nemImØ HcpthZ- m-K-am-Wv. Xma-kn-bmsX kw -hn-°m≥ t]mIp∂ Bfl-kv\m-\-sØ-°p-dn®v InkvXp ap≥Iqń ]d-bp-Ibpw A\p-K-lßƒ \¬Ip-I-bp-amWv Cu hmIyw kw-_-‘n® Hcpho£-W-K-Xn. Iqin-I-c-W-ti-j-ap≈ hnja-ta-dnb Zn\-ß-fn¬ At∏m-kvX-e-∑msc klm-bn-t°-≠-Xn-\v, Xmev°m-en-I-amb Hcp A\p-K-l-Øns‚ t\cnb Af-hv, At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿°v Ahn-Sp∂p \evIpI-bm-bn-cp∂p-sh-∂-XmWvas‰mcp Bi-bw. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn¬ \n∂pw Znhy shfn-∏mSpw Bfl-\n-tbm-Khpw t\Sm≥ I¿Ømhv At∏m-kvX-e-∑msc ap≥Iqń A[n-Im-c-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂XmWvhyXy-kvX-amb as‰mcp Bi-bw. HSp-hn-em-bn, tbml. 20:22 At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿°p \¬Ip∂ A[n-hm-k-sØ-°p-dn-®mWv ]d--bp-∂-sX∂v Hcmƒ hmZn-®m¬ Xs∂bpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp Ir]bn¬ Iogn¬ kIe hnizm-kn-I-tfm-Sp-ap≈_‘-Øn¬ Fßs\ ]h¿Øn-°p∂p F∂-Xns‚ amXr-I-bmbn Cu hmIyw kzoI-cn-°m-\m-hn-√. Npcp-°-Øn¬tbml. 20:22\v, k- m-bp-K-Øn¬ kIe hnizm-kn-I-fnepw]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp A[n-h-kn-°p∂p F∂ A\pam\sØam‰n-a-dn-°m≥ IgnIbn-√.

c£n°s∏´tijw Hcm-fpsS Pohn-X-Øn-te°v ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp hcp∂p' F∂p ImWn-°p-hm≥ At∏m. ]h. 19:2Nne-t∏mƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp-≠v. F∂m¬ Chn-SpsØ]iv\w ]cn- m-j-bp-ambn _‘s∏´XmWv. ""hnizkn®n v]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ ]m]n-®pthm?'' F∂mWv \ΩpsSss__n-fn¬ ]-cn- m-j-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. c£n-°-s∏´tij-amWv hnizm-kn-Iƒ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ ]m]n-°p-∂-sX∂ [z\n CXv Df-hm-°p-∂p. Hcp hy‡n InkvXp-hn¬hnizm-kn-®-ti-j-amWv ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp hcp-∂Xv F∂Xpicn. F∂m¬ hniz-kn-°p-tºmƒ AXm-bXv hniz-kn-®-bp-S≥ hcp-∂p-sh-∂-XmWv kXyw. A-t∏m. ]h. 19:2˛s‚ icn-bmb X¿÷-a-b-\p-k-cn®v hniz-kn-°p∂ ka-bhpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ ]m]n-°p∂ ka-bhpw XΩn¬ bmsXmcphyXym-khpw Iev]n-°p-∂n√. ê-Øn¬ Htc kabw \S-°p∂ Imcy-ß-fm-W-h.

""Htc-k-a-bØp \S-°p-∂Xv' F∂mWv Ko°v FtbmdnÃv(]m¿ńkn∏nƒ) F√mbvt∏mgpw shfns∏SpØp∂sX∂v

Um\bpw am‚nbpw ]dbp∂p[H. E. Dana and JuliusMantey, A mannual Grammar of the Greek NewTestament(Toronto: Collier -Mac millan; Ltd, 1955,

230)] tamƒ´¨ Fgp -Xp∂p:˛ “aorist participle"kqNn∏n°p∂ Xv Htc kabw \S-°p∂ Imcy-ß-fm-sW-

∂-Xn\v \nc-h[n ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fp-≠v [James Hope Moultonand Nigel Turner, A Grammar of New testamentGreek; 3 vols. (Edinburg: T and T Clark, 1963, 3:79)]AXp-sIm-≠m-hWw ]pXnb ]cn- m-j-I-fn¬ Ah¿ Iqsd-°qsS sa®-ambn ssIImcyw sNbvXn- p-≠v. Htc ka-bØp\S-°p∂ Imcy-ß-fmWv hnizm-khpw ]cn-ip-≤mfl]m]-

W-hp-sa∂v Ah¿ hy‡-am-°p-∂p. N.A.S.B bnse

""\nßƒ hniz-kn-®-t∏mƒ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ ]m]n-®pthm''?(A. ]hr. 19:2) F∂Xv IrXy-amb ]cn- m-j-bm-

Wv. N.I.V ]cn`mjbpw kam\asX. c£m\p- hØn\pti-

j-amWv ]cn-ip-≤mfl ]m]-W-sa∂ Bi-bsØ A∏msSXpcØp∂-XmWv icn-bmb \ne-bn-ep≈ CØcw ]pXnb]cn-`m-j-Iƒ.

At∏m. ]h. 8:14˛17 ]-cn-ip-≤m-fl-im-kvX-]-T-\-Øn¬G‰hpw hnj-aI-c-amb thZ- m-K-am-Imw. ^nen-t∏mkv F∂kphn-ti-j-I≥ ia-cy-cpsS at≤y sNbvX kphn-ti-j-]-h¿Ø-\-ß-sf-°p-dn-®mWv ]d-bp-∂-Xv. F√m hnizm-kn-Ifpw]cn-ip-≤m-flm[nhmkw D≈-h-cm-sW∂v F√m sXfnhpIfp≠mbn´pw(tbml. 7:38-˛39; tdma. 8:9; 1 sImcn. 12:3)ia-cy¿ hniz-kn-®-bp-Ss\ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ ]m]n-®n-s√∂p Cu thZ- mKw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. adn®v ]sXmkpwtbml-∂m\pw HutZym-Kn-I-ambn ÿnco-I-cn® tij-amWvB A\p`hw ia-cy¿°p-≠m-b-sX-∂mWv B `mKw ]d-bp-∂-Xv.

C]-Im-cw, c£n°s∏´ tijw ]cn-ip-≤m-flp-h-cp-∂Xpkw_-‘n®v Hcp thZ-imkvX hnZym¿∞n°v c≠p hn[-Øn-ep≈ Xnc-s™-Sp-t∏-bp-≈q. H∂p-In¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhpkm[m-c-W-K-Xn-bn¬ \n∂p hyXy-kvX-ambn ]h¿Øn® H‰-s∏´ Hcp cwKw As√-¶n¬ ]ckv]c hncp≤w. hni-a¿i-\-_p-≤n-tbmsS Cu `mKw t\m°p-∂-h¿ CsXmcp sshcp-≤y-am-sW∂p ]d-bpw. tbml. 7:38˛39 tdma. 8:9; 1 sImcn.12:13 F∂o `mK-ßƒ, F√m hnizm-kn-I-fnepw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-[n-hmkw Ds≠∂p ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ At∏m.]h. 8:14˛17 ]d-bp-∂Xv Nne¿ hniz-kn-®p. ]s£, DSs\]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ ]m]n-®n√ F∂-sX. A-t∏m. ]h.9:17 \nd-hn-s\-°p-dn-®mWp ]d-bp-∂-Xv, A[n-hm-k-sØ-°p-dn-®√; AXp-t]mse At∏m. ]h. 10:44. hniz-kn-°p∂ ka-bØv ]cn -ip -≤m-flm-hns\ ]m]n-°p∂ km[m-cWZrjvSm¥w \¬Ip-I-bmWv F∂Xpw i≤n-°p-I).

Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-I-fpsS kXy-k-‘X hniz-kn-°p∂ GsXm-cmfpw CXv "sshcp≤y' amsW-∂Xv Xnc-kv°-cn-°p-I-Xs∂sNøpw. At∏m. ]h. 8: 14- 17 hsc-bp≈ kml-Ncyw km[m-cW \ne-\n-ev°p-∂-X-√. km[m-cW \ne-bn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-

268

""Cu bpK-Øn¬ Hcp hnizm-kn-sb, At±lw c£n-°-

s∏-Sp∂ \nanjw ""InkvXp-hn¬''-B-°p∂ ]cn-ip-

≤mfl ]hr-Øn-bmWv Bflkv\m-\w. 11

Hcp hnizm-knsb InkvXp, Bflm-hn¬ ap°p-Ibpw

Bflm-hn -\m¬ s]mXnbpIbpw InkvXphns‚

Bflmhnt\mSv sFIyX D≠mIphm≥ Bflm-hn¬

B°n-sh-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ ]hrØn; XXv -e-ambn

InkvXp-hn-t\mSpw a‰p- hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw B hy‡n°v

sFIy-X Df-hm-Ip∂p'' 12

hyXy-kvX-amb ]Z-]-tbm-K-ßƒs°m≠v Cu c≠p-

\n¿h-N\ßfpw Htc \n¿Æ-bsØ hy‡-am-°p-I-bm-

Wv. BZy-tØ-Xv, InkvXp ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ Ab-

bv°p∂p F∂ BibØn\v ]m[m\yw \¬Ip∂p.

c≠m-a-tØ-Xm-I-s´, Bflm-hns\ ""D]-tbm-Kn°p∂p.''

F¥m-bmepw c≠p \n¿h-N-\-ß-fpw ""InkvXp-hnep≈

sFIy-X'' F∂ ]Zhnbn¬ B°n-sh-°p-∂-Xn-

s\bmWv Bfl-kv\m\w kqNn -∏n -°p -∂-sX∂

\n¿Æb-Øn¬ FØn-t®-cp-I-bm-Wv. XpS¿∂p ]Xn-

]m-Zn-°p-tºmƒ Cu \n¿h-N-\-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\w

sXfnbn °p∂-Xm-Wv.

b. Bfl-kv\m-\hpw k`m hyhÿIfpw

kw -hn-°m-\n-cp∂ Hcp Imcy-am-bn´mWv kphn-ti-j-

ßƒ Bfl-kv\m-\-sØ-°p-dn®p ]d-™n-´p≈Xv.

tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-I≥ CtX-°p-dn®v XnsI®pw mhn-

Im-e-]-c-amb Hcp ]hr-Øn-bm-bn-´mWv ]d-™-Xv.

At±lw ain-l-sb-°p-dn®v: ""Ah≥ \nßsf ]cn-ip-

≤m-flm-hp-sIm≠p kv\m\w Ign-∏n°pw'' F∂p

]kvXm-hn-°p-I-bp-≠mbn (a-Øm. 3:11; a¿t°m. 1:8;

eqt°m. 3:16). CXn-ep-]cn, InkvXp-hm-Is´ Bfl-

kv\m\w Xs‚ kz¿§mtcml-W-Øn\p tijw \S-°m-

\p≈ kw -h-am-bn- mWp shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv At∏m.

]h. 1:5 ""Gsd-\mƒ Ign-bpw-apsº \nßƒt°m ]cn-

ip-≤m-flmhpsIm≠v kv\m\w e`n°pw''. AXp-sIm≠v

]g-b-\n-b-a-Øntem kphn-tij - m-K-ß-fntem ]cn-ip-

≤m-flm-hns‚ ]hr-Øn-sb -kw-_-‘n-®v, Bfl-kv\m-

\-Øns‚ D]-tZiw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ kXy-ßƒ°m-

bn, \mw At\z-jn-°-cpXv. InkvXp-hns‚ kz¿§m-tcm-

l-W-Øn\p ap≥]v ""Bflm-hn-ep≈ kv\m\w'' F∂

Hcp Imcyw \S-∂n-t -bn-√. BZysØ Bfl-kv\m\w

\S-∂Xv InkvXp-hns‚ kz¿t§m-c-l-W-Øn\pw ""A[n-

I-\mƒ Ign-bpw-apsº''bmWv. ]sXmkv Nq≠n°m-Wn-

°p-∂Xv; At∏m. ]h. 11:15˛16˛¬ ]d-bp∂ ka-b-am-

b-t∏m-tg°pw Bfl-kv\m\w \S-∂p-I-gn-™p-sh-∂m-Wv.

At∏m. ]h. 2˛¬ s]¥-t°m-kvXp-\m-fn¬ \S-∂-XmWv

BZysØ Bfl-kv\m-\-kw-`-h-sa∂p \n¿Æ-bn-

°phm≥ CXn-\m¬ \mw \n¿_-‘n-X-cm-bn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

CXv \sΩ B›-cy-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xn-√. apI-fn¬

]kvXm-hn® Bfl-kv\m\ \n¿h-N\w icn-bm-

sW¶n¬, InkvXp hnizm-kn-I-fpsS sFIyX krjvSn-

°p-∂-XmWv Bfl-kv\m-\w. AXm-Wt√m k -sb∂p

]d-bp-∂-Xv. AXp-sIm≠v k`-bm-cw-`n® s]¥-

t°mkvXp \mfn¬ AtX ka-b-Øp-Xs∂ Bfl-kv\m-

\-Øns‚ ]hr-Ønbpw Bcw- n-®p.

c. Bfl-kv\m-\hpw InkvXp-hn-ep≈ sFIy-Xbpw

tbml. 14:20 ""\nßƒ F∂n-epw, Rm≥ \nß-fnepw''

F∂ Hcp _‘w hcp-hm≥ t]mIp-∂-Xmbn InkvXp

ap≥Iq´n∏d-bp-I-bp-≠mbn ""\nßƒ F∂n¬ '' F∂Xp

kw -hn-°p-∂-Xv, InkvXp-hns‚ Bflm-hn-te°v hnizm-

kn-Iƒ B°n-sh-bv°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-eq-sS-bmWv (Rm≥

\nß-fn¬ F∂-Xm-Is´ Bflm-[n-hm-ksØ kqNn-∏n-

°p-I-bmWv).


flmhp ]h¿Øn-°p∂ hn[-Øn¬ \n∂p hyXy-kvX-amb-\n-e-bn-ep≈ ]hr-Øn-bmWv ia-cy-tcm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬D≠m-bXv. H∂m-aXv blq-Z-∑m-c-√mØ Hcp hn`m-K-tØmSvkphn-tijw ]kw-Kn-®-Xmbn ]d-bp∂ k`m NcnXØns‚BZy cwK-am-Wn-Xv. c≠m-a-Xv, blq-Z-∑mcpw ia-cycpw ]c-kv]cw hntcm-[n-I-fm-bn-cp∂p (tbm-l. 4:9 ImWp-I). blqZInkvXym-\n-Ifpw ia-cycpw At\ym\yw shdp-Øn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v AhcpsS a≤y-Øn¬ D≠m-Ip-am-bn-cp∂ Hcp s]m´n-sØdnsb∂ A]-I-S-amWv Xmev°m-en-I-ambn ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ Ah¿°p \¬ImXncp∂Xn¬ IqsS Hgn-hm-°n-b-Xv. ia-cy-cpsS am\-km-¥cw \ymb-am-b-sX∂v ]c-ky-ambnAwKo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿ \n¿_-‘n-X-cmbn;]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv Ah¿°p-ta¬ h∂p-sh∂v Ah¿ AwKo-Im-c-apZ \¬Iphm\n-S-bmbn. AXp-t]mse Xs∂ blqZyAt∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cn-eqsS ia-cy¿ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ ]m]n-∏m\n-S-bm-b-Xn-\m¬ blq-Z-∑m-cmb At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cpsSA[n-Im-csØ AwKo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ ia-cycpw \n¿_-‘n-X-cmbn. blq-Z-∑m¿°pw ia-cy¿°pw at≤y \ne-hn-en-cp∂kmwkvIm-cn-Ihpw kmaq-ln-I-hp-amb kml-N-cy-ßsf IW-°n-se-Sp -°p-tºmƒ At∏m. ]h. 8:14˛17 ]tXyIwBkqXWw sNbvX, hyXy-kvX-am-sbmcp ]h¿Ø-\-co-Xn-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂p Icp-Xp-I-bm-Wp-Øaw; km[m-c-W-bmbn]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂pw thdn´ Hcpkw`hw; A√msX Xncp-sh-gpØv ]c-kv]-c-hn-cp-≤-ambn ]cn-ip-≤mfl hym]m-c-sØ-°p-dn®p ]d-bp-∂psh∂p Nn¥n-°p-I-b-√-th-≠-Xv. c£n-°-s∏-Sp∂ AtX \nan-j-Øn¬GsXmcp hnizm-kn-bnepw ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv A[n-h-kn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ ia-cy-cpsS BZy am\-km-¥c cwKØv BA[nhmkw Ahn-Sp∂v Aev]-sam∂v sshIn-®-Xn-eqsSAt\ym\yw iXp-X-bn-em-bn-cp∂ c≠p hn`m-K-ßƒ°pwInkvXp-hn-ep≈ Ah-cp-sS, ""s]mXphmb c£'' sb°p-dn-®p-ff Xncn-®-dnhpw t_m≤yhpw D≠m-Ip-hm-\n-S-bm-bn.11Don Philip, Class Lecture Notes, Grand Rapids Schoo; of theBible and Music Fall 1975. 11Don Philip, Class Lecture Notes,Grand Rapids Schoo; of the Bible and Music Fall 1975.12 This is the author’s own definition.

269

Bfl-kv\m-\-Øns‚ A¿∞w Kln-°p-hm≥, ]pXnb-

\n-b-a-Øn¬ Bdp-]m-hiyw Bh¿Øn-®p-h-cp∂

kam-¥c- th-Z-hm-Iy-ßƒ i-≤n-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂v

Bcw-`n-°p∂Xv \∂m-bn-cn-°pw (tbm-l-∂m≥

kv\m]-I≥ sh≈-Øn¬, sh≈w-sIm-≠v, shf-f-

Øm¬) kv\m\w Ign-∏n®p. InkvXpthm Bflm-

hn¬ Bflmhn\m¬ AYhm Bflm-hp-sIm≠p

kv\m\w Ign-∏n°pw (a-Øm. 3:11; a¿t°m. 1:8; eqt°m.

3:16; tbml. 1:33; At∏m. ]h. 1:5; 11:16)13. tbml-∂m≥

]hrØn sNøp-∂-bmƒ; kv\m\w F∂XmWv

]hrØn, kv\m\-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ tbml-∂m≥ D]-tbm-

Kn® hkvXp sh≈-am-Wv. CXp-t]mse Bfl-kv\m-\-

Øn¬, InkvXp-hmWv kv\m]-I≥, kv\m\-s∏-Sp-ØpI

F∂-XmWv I¿Ωw, ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hmWv apJm-¥n-cw.

AXp-sIm≠v kmt¶-Xn-I-ambn ]d-™m¬, Bfl-kv\m-

\-sa-∂Xv InkvXp-hns‚ ]hr-Øn-bm-Wv. InkvXp

kv\m\-s∏-Sp-Øphm≥ D]tbmKn°p∂ apJm-¥cw ]cn-

ip-≤m-flm-hpw. Bflm-hn¬; Bflm-hn-\m¬ AYhm

Bflm-hp-sIm≠v InkvXp kv\m\-s∏Sp-Øp∂p.

F∂m¬ kv\m\-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ InkvXp D]-tbm-Kn-°p-

∂Xv ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-s\-bm-I-bm¬ Bfl-kv\m\w

Cu ]T-\-Øn¬ km[m-c-W-bmbn Bflm-hns‚ ]hr-

Øn-bn≥ Iogn-emWv Xcw Xncn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv.

""¬'' F∂ Ko°v D]-k¿§w, apI-fn¬ ]d™ Bdp

thZ- m-K-ß-fnepw D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v. ¬, \m¬, IqsS

(sIm≠v) F∂n-ßs\ ]cn- m-j-s∏-SpØnbncn-°p-∂p.

\√ \ne-bn-ep≈ ]tbm-K-amWv ""Bflm-hn¬ D≈

kv\m\w'' F∂-Xv. kmZr-iym-flI A¿∞w, B£-

cm¿∞-Øn¬ hymJym-\n-°p-∂-Xns\ Bkv]-Z-am°n

thWw \n¿∆-ln-°p-hm≥. kv\m\w F∂-Xns‚ A£-

coI A¿∞w, ""F¥ns‚-sb-¶nepw D≈n-em°n

sh°pI; ÿm\o-b-ambn Ah-tcm-[n-°pI' F∂-XmWv.

Cu \n¿h-N\w thWw Bfl-kv\m-\-Øns‚ D]-tZ-i-

Ønepw kzoI-cn-°p-hm≥. Bflm-hn¬ ""kv\m\w Ign-

°pI'' F∂Xv tbml-∂m≥ ""sh≈-Øn¬'' kv\m\w-

I-gn-∏n-®Xn\p kam-¥-c-am-Wv. c≠m-a-Xmbn Bfl-

kv\m\w F∂ hnjbw ""IpSn-°pI'' F∂ ]Z-

]tbmKw kqNn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se, shf-f-sØ-°p-

dn®p Nn¥n-°p-hm≥ ]utem-kns\ t]cn-∏n-®p.

1 sImcn. 12:13 Bflm-hn-ep≈ kv\m\w sh≈-Øn-ep≈

kv\m\-Øn\p kam-\-amb _‘-amWv shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-

∂-sX∂v CXp \sΩ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂p. ""Bflm-

hn-ep≈ kv\m\w'' F∂v ]cn- m-j-s∏-Sp-Ø-W-sa∂p

]d-bp-∂-Xns‚ ]n∂nse i‡-amb hmZ-K-Xn, Bfl-

kv\m-\w, InkvXp-hn¬ Hcp sFIy-Xbpw Hcp-abpw

(GIXm-`m-hw) krjvSn -°p∂p F∂p-≈-Xm-Wv.

InkvXphpw Hcp hnizm-kn-bpw-X-Ωnepw, Hcp -hn-izm-

knbpw InkvXp ico-c-Øn¬s∏´ a‰p≈ F√m- hn-

izm-kn-Ifpw XΩnepw Hcp GI-Xm- mhw (H-cp-a) CXv

Df-hm-°p-∂p. Cß-s\-bp≈ InkvXp ico-c-amWp k`.

1 sImcn. 12:12˛13 se hmZw, ""Bfl-kv\m\w InkvXp-

hn¬ H∂v''F∂ A\p- -h-ap-f-hm-°p-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv. ""ico-

c-Ønse Ah-b-h-ßƒ, ]e-Xm-bncn-s°, Hcp ico-chpw

Bbn -cn -°p -∂-Xp -t]mse, GI Bflm-hn¬

(B-flm-hn-\m¬, Bflm-hp-sIm-≠v) kv\m\-ta-‰n-cn-

°p∂ \mw GI-i-co-c-am-Ip-am-dv....'' Kem. 3:27 epw CtX

kXyw ]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xp ImWmw ""\nßƒ

F√m-hcpw InkvXp-hn-te°v (into) kv\m\-ta-‰n-cn-°p-

∂p.14 Bfl-kv\m-\w, GI-Xm-`m-hhpw sFIy-Xbpw

krjvSn-°p-∂psh∂ D]-tZiw Hcp ]mY-anI kXy-

am-Wv. F∂n-cp-∂mepw Hcp ZznXob Nn¥-sb∂ \ne-

bn¬ "C¬' F∂ ]cn- m-j-bm-Wv, ""sFIyX cq]-s∏´''

Imcyw IqSp-X¬ sa®-ambn hy‡-am-°p-∂Xv; Bflmhn-

"\m¬'; Bflmhp "sIm≠v' F∂o ]tbm-K-ßsf-°mƒ

\∂mbn Bibw hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xv, ""Bflm-hn¬''

F∂ ]tbmKw Xs∂-bm-Wv. "InkvXp-hn¬' F∂

k¿∆-km-[m-c-W-bmb ]tbmKØn\p kam-\-amb

H∂m-WnXv. tbml. 14:20˛¬ ImWp∂ ""\nßƒ

F∂nepw'' F∂ ]tbm-K-Ønepw CtX ]tXy-IX

ImWmw.

Cu ssien-]-tbm-K-Øns‚ ]cn-`m-j-b-\p-k-cn-®v,

G‰hpw anI-®Xv GXm-bmepw 1 sImcn. 12:12˛13 ¬

\n∂pw Bfl-kv\m-\-Øns‚ \n¿h-N\w hy‡-ambn

Kln-°mw. ]Y-a-ambn Bfl-kv\m\w Hcp ÿm\w

e`n-°p-I-bm-Wv. InkvXp Hcp hnizm-knsb, Bflm-

hn¬ B°n-sh-°p∂p; Bflm-hn-\m¬ Np‰p∂p; Hcp

Ih-dn\p≈nem-°p∂p; Bflm-hn¬ ap°p∂p (\n-a-

⁄\w sNøp-∂p). ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv "InkvXp-hn≥


13 Ko°p-]-Z-a-\p-k-cn®v "¬' F∂ ]tbmKw "sh≈w' F∂-Xn-t\mSp tN¿Øp ]d-bpw-t]mse ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn¬kv\m\-s∏-Sp∂Xp kw_-‘n®pw kam-\-ambn ]d-™n- p≠vXmsg ]d-bp∂ Nm¿ v t\m°pI

hmIyw sh≈w BflmhvaØm. 3:11 ¬ ¬

a¿t°m. 1:8 Inbm-hn-`‡n ¬

eqt°mkv 3:16 Inbm-hn- ‡n ¬

tbml. 1:33 ¬ ¬

At∏m. ]h. 1:5 Inbm-hn-`‡n ¬

At∏m. ]h. 11:6 Inbm-hn- ‡n ¬

1 sIm-cn. 12:13 -.... ¬

14 ""kv\m\w'' F∂p ]d-bp∂ `mKw Pe-kv\m-\-amtWmB’v\m-\-amtWm F∂p ]d-bpI hnj-a-amb \ne-bn¬Fgp-Øp-Im¿ Dt]m-tbm-Kn-®n- p≠v (tdma. 6:3; Fs^. 4:5;sImsem. 2:12; 1 ]sXm. 3:21).

270

15 "F√m hnizm-kn-Ifpw' ""InkvXp-hn¬'' AsX(2 sImcn.

5:21; Fs^. 1:6˛7, 2- -4ff.; sImsem. 1:10). C]-Imcw Cu

sFIyXbpf-hm-°p∂ BflnI \S-]-Sn-bmb Bfl-kv\m-\-Øn-eqsS F√m-hcpw IS-∂p-t]mtb aXn-bm-hq. F√mhnizm-kn-Ifpw InkvXp-hns‚ ico-c-amb BtKm-f- k- -bpsS`mK-amWv (tdma. 12:5; 1 sImcn. 12:13). Cß-s\, InkvXpicocw cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ BflnI \S-]Sn Ia-amb Bfl-kv\m-\-Øn-eqsS kI-ecpw IS-∂p-t]mtb aXn-bm-hq.

Bflm-hm-I-bm¬' CXv Hcp hnizm-knsb InkvXp-hp-

ambn H∂n-∏n-°p∂ ]hrØn-bmWv (In-kvXp-hn¬).

(""\n-ßƒ F∂nepw'' tbml. 14:20 F∂ ]tbmKw

i≤n-°pI ) F√m hnizm-kn-Ifpw C]-Imcw InkvXp

hn≥ Bflm-hn¬, ÿm\o-b-ambn B°nhbv°--s∏-Sp-

∂-Xn-\m¬ F√m-hcpw Htc-ÿm-\Øv H∂n-°-s∏- n-cn-

°p-I-bm-Wv. InkvXp-hn¬ Hcp sFIy-Xbpw Hcp-abpw

D≠v. CXv C]-Imcw NnXo-I-cn-°mw.

(1) Bfl-kv\m\w InkvXp-hn¬ sFIyX Df-hm°p∂p

(""\n-ßƒ F∂nepw'' tbml. 14:20).

(2)InkvXp-hn-ep≈ Cu sFIyw hnizm-knsb as‰√m

hnizm-kn-I-fp-ambpw tbmPn-∏n-°p∂p

d. Bfl-kv\m\w ]m]n-®-h¿ Bcv Ft∏mƒ Fßs\?

(1) Bfl-kv\m\w e`n-®-h¿

Bfl-kv\m-\-tØm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ c≠p-Xcw hnizm-

kn-Iƒ C√. Nne hnizm-kn-Iƒ Bfl-kv\m\w

]m]n®p a‰p Nne¿°v AXp t\Sp-hm≥ km[n-®n√

F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xp icn-b√. 1 sImcn. 12:13˛¬

]cnip≤mflmhn¬ kIe hnizmknIƒ°pap≈ Hcp

s]mXphmb kv\m\sØ°pdn®v hy‡am°p∂p.

""Htc Bflm-hn¬ (A-Yhm Bflm-hn-\m¬) \mw

F√mhcpw GI ico-c-am-Ip-amdv (i-co-c-Øn-te-°v)

kv\m\w G‰n-cn-°p∂p.''

Hcp hnizmkn Bflm-hn¬ kv\m\-ta‰n- n√ F∂ Hcp

Ahÿ thZ-]p-kvX-I-]-c-ambn Duln-°m≥t]mepw

km≤y-a-√. Bfl-kv\m\w InkvXp-hn¬ sFIyX Df-

hm-°p-∂Xpw k -bn¬ Hcpa krjvSn-°p-∂-Xp-am-I-bm¬

""Bfln-I-ambn kv\m\taev°mØ'' hnizmkn, InkvXp-

hn¬ Bbn-Øo¿∂n- n-√mØ Hcp hnizmkn, k`bm

Ip∂ InkvXp ico-c-Øns‚ `mK-ambn Xo¿∂n- n-√m-

Ø-bmƒ, F∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xn\p Xpey-am-Wv.

adp-h-i-Øp-\n-∂p-sIm≠v bp‡n-]-c-ambn Nn¥n-®m¬,

InkvXp -hn¬ Bbn-Øo¿∂-hcpw k`-bpsS

`mKambncn°p∂hcpw (kIe In-kvXp-hn-izm-kn-

Ifpw) Bflm-hn¬ kv\m\ta-‰-h-cm-bn-cpt∂ aXn-bm-

hq. ImcWw InkvXp-hn¬ B°n-Xo¿°p-∂Xpw

k`bn¬ sFIyw AYhm Hcp-a-bp-f-hm-°p-∂-Xp-amb

ASn-ÿm-\-]-In-b-bmWv Bfl-kv\m\w. AXn-√m-Xn-

cn-°p-Ibpw k`mw-K-am-Ip-Ibpw sNbvhm≥ Hcn-°epw

km≤y-a-√.15 InkvXp-hn¬ Hcp hnizm-kn-b-√m-Xn-cn-°p-

Ibpw k -bpsS AwK-a-√m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Ah-

ÿsb ""hnizmkn'' F∂p ]d-bm≥ Ign-bp-∂-sX-

ßs\? AXp-sIm≠v ""Bflm-hn¬ kv\m\-ta-ev°mØ

Hcp hnizmkn'' F∂p ]d-bmt\ Bhn-√.

(2) Bfl-kv\m-\-Øns‚ kabw

c£n-°-s∏-Sp∂ AtX \nanjw Xs∂ GsXmcp hnizm-

knbpw Bflm-hn¬ kv\m\-s∏-Sp∂p F∂v kp\n-›n-

X-am-b -\n¿Æ-b-Øn-se-Øn-t®-cp-∂-Xn-te°v hnc¬

Nq≠p∂ \nc-h[n Nn¥m-k-c-Wn-Iƒ D≠v.


]cnip≤mflmhv

ssZhØns‚Bflmhn¬ Hmtcm

hnizmknIfpw=

InkvXphns‚ Bflmhn¬=

InkvXphn¬

]cnip≤mflmhv

[mcmfw hnizmknIƒH∂n®ptN¿∂vssZhØns‚Bflmhn¬

=InkvXphns‚ Bflmhn ¬

=k`

271

H∂m-a-Xv, F√m "hnizm-kn-Ifpw' B’v\m-\m-\p-`-h-

ØneqsS IS-∂p t]m-b-h-cmWv F∂ hkvXp-X-bpsS

A¿∞w (1 sImcn. 12:13). Hcp s]mXp-hmb A\p- -h-

Øn-te-°mWv (In-kvXphn-ep≈ hnizm-kw) \ΩpsS

At\z-j-WsØ sIms≠-Øn-°p-∂Xv. F√m hnizm-

kn-Ifpw Bflm-hn¬ kv\m\-s∏´hcm-I-bm¬ Hcmƒ

A©p-an-\n v apºv c£n-°-s∏- mepw A©p -sk-°‚p

-ap-ºmWp c£n-°-s∏- -sX-¶nepw ""Bfl-kv\m\w'' G‰p-

I-gn-™n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Bfl-kv\m-\-Øns‚ km¿∆-

Xn-I-kz-`mhw H‰-°mcyw Dd-∏n-°p∂p:˛ c£n-°-

s∏Sp∂ AtX \nanjw Bfl-kv\m\w \S-°p∂p.

c≠m-a-Xv, Hcp hnizmkn InkvXp-hp-ambn H∂n-°p∂

kabØpw InkvXp-hn≥ ico-camw k`-bn¬ B

hy‡n H∂m-Ip∂ ka-bØpw Xs∂ thWw Bfl-

kv\m\w \S-°p-hm≥. Bfl-kv\m\w Ft∏m-gmWv \S-

°p-∂Xv? F∂ tNmZyw ""Hcp hnizmkn Ft∏m-gmWv

InkvXp-hp-ambn H∂n-°p-∂Xv?'' F∂ AtX tNmZyw

Xs∂-bm-Wv.

InkvXp-hp-ambn _‘w D≠m-Ip∂ AtX-k-a-bØp

Xs∂ Bfl-kv\m\w \S-°p-∂p. AXm-Is´ hniz-kn®

kabw Xs∂-bm-Ip-∂p. c£ AXns‚ Bcw`w apX¬

Xs∂ InkvXp-hn¬ Bbn-Øo-cp∂ Hcp ]ZhnbmWv

(2 sImcn. 5:21; Fs^. 2:4ff ; Kem. 3:26˛28 apX-emb

hmIy-ßƒ t\m°p-I). InkvXp-hn¬ Bbn-Øo-cp∂

Hcm-fm-bn- mWp ssZhw Hcp hnizm-knsb ImWp-∂Xv;

InkvXp-hns‚ \oXn-bn¬ ]¶m-fn-bm-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xn-

\m¬, AXns‚ \∑sbt∂m-Ww, hnizm-knsb "\oXn-

I-cn-°-s∏-´-bmƒ' F∂p ssZhw ]Jym-]n°bpw

sNøp∂p. c£n-°-s∏-Sp∂ AtX \nan-j-Øn¬ Xs∂,

InkvXp-hns‚ acW ]p\-cp-∞m-\-ß-fpsS \∑-Ifpw

KpW-ßfpw Hcp hnizmkn ]¶n- -\p- -hn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬,

InkvXp-hns‚ Poh-\n-se- ]-¶m-fnØw krjvSn-°p∂

Bfl-kv\m-\w, c£n-°-s∏-Sp∂ AtX- \n-anjw Xs∂-

kw- -hnt® aXn-bmhq F∂Xv hmkvX-h-a-sX.

(3) Bfl-kv\m\w t\Sp-hm-\p≈ D]m[n

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-s\-°p-dn®v ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ ]d-

™n-cn-°p∂ kIe thZ- m-K-ßfpw tN¿Øp ]Tn-®m¬

Bfl-kv\m-\-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ bmsXm-cp-hn[

Iev]-\bpw C√ F∂p shfn-s∏-Spw. Bfl-kv\m-\-

Øn-\mbn ]m¿∞n-°p-I-tbm, At\z-jn-°p-Itbm

sNøp-hm≥ \tΩmSv ]d-™n- n√; AXn-\p-th≠n ]cn-

iaw sNø-W-sat∂m "Bfl-kv\m\w' t\-Sm-hp∂ Hcp

\ne-bn¬ \mw FØn-t®-c-W-sat∂m \tΩmSv Hcn-

°epw B⁄m-]n-®n- n-√.

Bfl-kv\m\w ssZh-Øns‚ Hcp k¿∆m-[n-Imc

]h¿Ø-\-am-Wv, AXv Ahn-Sp∂v X\nsb \nhr-Øn-

°p-∂-XmW.v 1 sImcn. 12:13˛¬ kIe hnizm-kn-I-fp-

sSbpw Pohn-X-Øn¬ \S-∂p- I-gn™ ""`qX-Im-e -Inb''

bnep≈ Hcp ]hrØn-bmWv Bfl-kv\m-\-sa∂

ho£Ww shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. InkvXp-hn¬

Hcp sFIyX Df-hm-°p-hm≥ Ahn-Sp∂v F¥p

sNøp-∂psh∂p-≈-XmWv Bfl-kv\m-\-Øns‚

Xmev]cyw. \mw sNøp∂ Fs¥-¶n-ep-ambn AXv

_‘s∏ńcn°p∂n√.

(4) Bfl-kv\m-\-Øns‚ ka-b-ssZ¿Lyw

tbml. 14:16˛17 hsc ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv Bflm[n-hmkw

Ft∂-°p-am-sW-∂sX. Fs^. 4:30 ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv

"Bfl-apZ' \nXy-am-sW-∂-sX. C]-Imcw Hcp hnizm-

kn-bn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-fl-]-h¿Ø\w \ne-bv°p-∂n√

AYhm Ah-km-\n-°p-∂n-√. AXp-sIm≠v Bfl-kv\m-

\hpw Ft∂-°p-ap-≈-Xm-sW∂p \ap°p Dd-∏n-°mw.

c£-bpsS \nXy - -ZX F∂ D]-tZ-i-k-Xyhpw Bfl-

kv\m-\-Øns‚ imiz-Xm-h-ÿ-tbmSp _‘-s∏-ń-cn-

°p∂p. Bfl-kv\m\w Ah-km-\n-°p-sa-¶n¬ Hcp

hnizm-kn-bpsS InkvXp-hp-am-bp≈ sFIy-_-‘hpw

k`-bn¬ B hy‡n Dƒs∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂ Ah-

ÿbpw A∆-Æw -Xs∂ Ah-km-\n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. t\sc-

a-dn®v, Hcp hnizmkn InkvXp-hn¬ e`y-amb ]Zhn

kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Ft∂°pw kpc-£n-X-\m-sW-

¶n¬ Cu _‘w km[y-am-°nb BXva-kv\m-\hpw

imiz-X-am-bn-cpt∂ ]‰q.

(5) D]-kw-lmcw

hnizmknIfn¬ ]-cn -ip -≤m-flm-hns‚ km∂n-

≤yØn\v Du∂¬ \¬Ip-hm≥ Xncp-sh-gpØv Xmev]-

cy-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ A[n-hmkw F∂ Bi-b-amWp]tbm-

Kn-°p-∂-Xv. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn¬ Hcp hnizm-kn-bp-

sStbm F√m hnizm-kn-I-fp-sSbptam km∂n-≤yw

Du∂¬ \¬Ip-hm≥ Xncp-sh-gpØp Xmev]-cy-s∏-Sp-

tºmƒ ""kv\m\w'' F∂ Bi-b-amWv D]-tbm-Kn-

°p∂-Xv.

]cn-ip-≤mfl kv\m\w F∂ D]-tZiw aq∂p-hm-°p-

Ifn¬ kwK-ln-°mw. ""InkvXp-hn¬ D≈ -_‘w''

c£-bpsS kaØv Hcp hnizm-knsb InkvXp-hn≥

Bflm-hn¬ B°n-sh-°p∂p (]Zhn \¬Ip∂p ÿm-

\o-b-ambn Ah-tcm-[n-°p-∂p) CXv B hy‡nsb

InkvXp-hp-ambpw a‰p hnizm-kn-I-fp-ambpw H∂m-°p∂p.

Bfl-kv\m-\sØ Hcp ]Zhnbmbn Kln-®m¬

IqSpX¬ ktµlw Hgn-hm-°mw.


272

4. BflapZ

hcp-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ henb A\p-K-l-ß-fpsS Dd-∏mWv

]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv (2 sImcn. 1:22; 5:5; Fs^. 1:13, 14)

hos≠-Sp-∏n≥ \mƒ hsc Hcp hnizm-knsb ]cn-

ip≤mflmhn\m¬ apZ-bn-Ss∏Sp∂p . ]pcm-X-\-Im-eØv

apZ DS-a-ÿ-X-sbbpw AwKo-Im-c-sØbpw kpc-£n-

X-Xz-sØbpw ImWn-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Bfl-apZ Hcp

hnizm-kn-bpsS \nXy-kp-c-£n-X-Øz-Øn-s‚ Dd-∏p-

\¬Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. Cu hnjbw IqSp-X¬ hy‡-ambn

H≥]Xmw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ hni-I-e\w sNbvXn-cn-

°p∂p(2 sImcn. 1:22; Fs^. 1:13˛14; 4:30).

""Ah≥ \sΩ apZ-bn´pw Bflm-sh∂ A®mcw

\ΩpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ ]I¿∂p-an-cn-°p∂p''

(2 sImcn. 1:22).

Ah\n¬ \nßƒ°pw \nßfpsS c£sb

°pdn®p≈ kphntijw F∂ kXyhN\w

\nßƒ tIƒ°bpw Ah\n¬ hnizkn°p

Ibpw sNbvXn´v, Xs‚ kz¥ P\Øns‚

hos≠Sp∏n\pth≠n, Xs‚ alXzØns‚

]pIgvNbv°mbn´p, \ΩpsS AhImiØns‚

A®mcamb hmKvZØØn≥ ]cnip≤mflmhn

\m¬ apZbnń cn°p∂p (Fs^. 1:13, 14).

ssZhØns‚ ]cnip≤mflmhns\ Zp:Jn∏n°

cpXv; Ah\met√m \nßƒ°p hos≠Sp∏n≥

\mfn\mbn apZbnńcn°p∂Xv (Fs^. 4:30).

5. Bfl\ndhv

hnizmknItfmSpff _‘Øn¬ ]cnip≤mflmhns‚

henb ]h¿Ø\ßfn¬ Bh¿Øn°p∂ GI

]Inb \ndhv F∂XmWv. ]cnip≤mflmhns‚ a‰p

]h¿Ø\ßƒ Bh¿Øn°mØXpw Hcn°¬

amXambpw Ft∂°pambpw \S°p∂hbmWv.

amXa√ a\pjycpsS `mKØp\n∂v C°mcyØn¬

klIcWw Bhiys∏´psIm≠p≈ Iev]\

\¬Inbncn°p∂Xpw Cu ][m\ ]hrØn°mWv.

Fs^. 5:18˛¬ ""Bflmhn\m¬ \ndbphm≥

(\nd™hcmIphn≥) F∂ ]tbmKw I¿ΩWnamWv.

]cnip≤mflmhmWv B ]hrØn sNøp∂Xv;

F∂m¬ Hcp hnizmkn B ]Inbbn¬ Inbmfl

Ihpw hnt[b ]cambpw klIcnt® aXnbmIq.

Bfl\ndhnt\mSp≈ _‘Øn¬ Nne Imcyßƒ

efnXhpw hy‡hpamWv. At∏mƒXs∂ a‰p Nneh

sshjaytadnbXpw k¶o¿ÆhpamWv. F∂Xp

sIm≠v Cu ]T\w, kp\n›nX kXyßfpw Ahy‡

amb A\pam\ßfpw c≠mbn hn`Pn®psIm≠p

aptºm´p t]mIp∂XmWv.

a. Dd∏mb \n¿Æbßƒ

(1) \nb¥Ww; kzm[o\X Chbv°p XpeyamWp

\ndhv

Bflmhn¬, (Bflmhn\m¬, BflmhpsIm≠v)

Fs∂ms° ]dbp∂Xns‚ ]n∂nse ][m\ Bibw

]cnip≤mfl \nb¥Ww AYhm ]cnip≤mfl

kzm[o\XbmsW∂v \ap°v Dd∏mbn \n¿Wbn°mw.

]cnip≤mflmhn\m¬ \nb¥n°s∏SpIsb∂p

]d™m¬ Bflmhn¬ \ndbp∂Xn\p kaamWv.

Hcp]s£ C]Imcap≈ \nb¥Ww Dfhm°p∂Xv

Hcp Zp¿LSm\p`hØnembncn°mw. F∂m¬ \ndhv

F∂p ]dbp∂Xv CØcw Hcp A\p`hambncn°n√.

AXmbXv Hcp hnizmkn \nc¥cambn ]cnip≤mflm

hn\m¬ \nb¥n°s∏Sp∂ Hcp ]Inbsbt∏mse

Bbncn°psa∂p Npcp°w.

XncpshgpØv ]et∏mgpw Bflmhn\m¬ \ndb s∏Sp

∂Xpw ho™p IpSn®p aØmIp∂Xpw XΩn¬ ]ckv

]chncp≤ambn ]kvXmhn®n´p≠v (eqt°m. 1:15;

At∏m. ]h. 2:4, 15; Fs^. 5:18). ho™p IpSn°p∂

hsc \nb¥n°p∂Xpw \ndbv°p∂Xpw ho™mbncn

°pw; hnizmknIƒ ho™ns‚ ÿm\Øv, ]cnip≤m

flmhns\ XßfpsS PohnXØn¬ \nb¥Ww \S

Øm\pw kzm[o\n°phm\pw A\phZn°p∂p

(Fs^. 5:18).

hnhn[ at\m`mhßƒ, s]cpam‰ kz`mhßƒ

F∂nhtbmSp≈ _‘s∏SpØn XncpshgpØv

""\ndhv'' AYhm ""\ndbpI'' F∂ hm°v D]tbmKn

°p∂p≠v (tIm]w sIm≠p \nd™p. eqt°m. 4:28;

`bw sIm≠p \nd™p eqt°m. 5:26; `m¥p \nd™p

eqt°m. 6:11; hnkvabhpw ]cnàhpw \nd™p

At∏m. ]h. 3:10. Akqb \nd™p At∏m. ]h. 5:

17; 13:45. Ielw sIm≠p \nd™p At∏m. ]h. 19:

29, kt¥mjhpw kam[m\hpw sIm≠p \ndbpI.

tdma. 15:13, ⁄m\w \nd™hcmbn tdma. 15:4

Bizmkw sIm≠v \ndbpI 2 sImcn. 7: 4; \oXnêw

\nd™hcmIpI ^nen. 1:11). Cu ]Z]tbmK

ßfne[nIhpw \nb¥Ww As√¶n¬ kzm[o\X

F∂ BibamWv \¬Ip∂Xv. tIm]w As√¶n¬

AkqbsIm≠p \nd™psh∂p ]d™m¬ kz`mh

sØ AXp kzm[o\n®psh∂mW¿∞w. ]´Ww

apgph≥ Ielw sIm≠p\nd™p F∂p ]d™m¬

]´WhmknIfpsS s]cpam‰w Ielw sIm≠p

\ndbs∏´p F∂mW¿∞w.

Bfl\ndhv AYhm Bflmhn\m¬ \ndbpI F∂p

]dbp∂Xn¬ Bflmhns‚ \nb¥Ww Dƒs°m≈p


273

∂XmWv. ]cnip≤mflmhv hnizknIsf \nb¥n°p∂

hn[w Fßs\sb∂mWv ASpØ `mKØp N¿®

sNøp∂Xv.

(2) ]cnip≤mflmhv hN\Øm¬ \nb¥n°p∂p

Htc kabØv FgpXs∏´ teJ\ßfn¬ km[mcW

bmbn kam\XIfp≠mIpw. Fs^ky, sImsemky

teJ\ßfn¬ Cu kXyw hy‡amWv. Cu c≠p

teJ\ßfpw ]utemkv tdmanse ImcmKrl

Ønembncp∂t∏mƒ FgpXnbXmWv. Ahbn¬

[mcmfw kam\ kXyßƒ ImWmw.

Fs^. 5:18 Bflmhn\m¬ \ndbphn≥ F∂ Iev]\

Fs^kytcmS v ]dbptºmƒ AXns‚ ^ew

""k¶o¿Ø\ßfmepw kvXpXnIfmepw Bflnb

KoXßfmepw XΩn¬ kwkmcn®p lrZbßfn¬

I¿Ømhn\p ]mSnbpw Io¿Ø\w sNbvXpw

F√mbvt∏mgpw F√m‰n\pth≠nbpw kvtXmXw

sNbvXpw'' Pohn°pI F∂XmWv. AtXØpS¿∂v,

A[nImcw, Iogvs∏S¬ F∂o hnjbßƒ ]utemkv

N¿® sNøp∂p. sImsem. 3:16˛¬ ]utemkv

B⁄m]n°p∂Xv, ""I¿Ømhns‚ hN\w sFizcy

ambn \nßfn¬ hkn°s´'' F∂mWv. AXns‚ ^e

amIs´,""k¶o¿Ø\ßfmepw, kvXpXnIfmepw

BflnI KoXßfmepw XΩn¬ ]Tn∏n®pw _p≤nbp

]tZin®pw \µntbmsS lrZbßfn¬ ssZhØn\p

]mSnbpw'' F∂nßs\bp≈ A\p`hßfmWv.

AtXØpS¿∂v A[nImcw, AXn\p Iogvs∏Sp∂Xv

F∂o hnjbw ]utemkv N¿® sNøp∂p. Fs^. 5:

18˛epw sImsem. 3:16˛epambn XmcXayw sNøptºm

ƒ; Bflmhn¬ \ndbpI F∂Xv InkvXphns‚

hN\w \Ωn¬ hkn°p∂Xn\p XpeyamWv.

]cnip≤mflmhv hnizmknIsf ssZhhN\Øm¬

kzm[o\n°pIbpw \nb¥n°pIbpw sNøp∂p. ""CXn

¬ B›cys∏Sms\m∂pan√; ImcWw ssZhhN\w

Bflmhns‚ hmƒ (D]IcWw) BWt√m'' (Fs^.

6:17). ]cnip≤mflmhmWv XncpshgpØpIfpsS D]

⁄mXmhv. AhnSp∂v ]hmNI∑msc, XncpshgpØp

IfpsS cN\bn¬ Icßfn¬ hln®p. 2 ]sXm. 1:

21˛¬ C]Imcw hN\w kwkmcn°ptºmƒ ]cnip≤m

flmhmWv kwkmcn°p∂Xv Bflmhn\m¬ \ndbp

∂Xv am¿ΩnIhpw. bmYm¿∞Øn¬ ssZhhN

\Øm¬ PohnXw \nb¥n°s∏Sp∂ Hcp hnizmkn

]cnip≤m flmhn\m¬ \ndbp∂ (\nb¥n°s∏Sp∂)

Hcp hnizmknbmWv. CXv AXamXw efnXamWv.

XncpshgpØpIfn¬ \n∂pw ]cnip≤mflmhns\

hnt—Zn°p∂Xv hfsc A]ISIcamWv. Nne¿ hN\w

A\pkcn®v ]IzXbnte°v hfcptºmƒ a‰p Nne¿

""Bflmhns\'' ]n≥]‰n ]IzXbntes°Øp∂p

F∂p tXm∂ntb°mw. F∂m¬ InkvXob hf¿®

bv°v ]eam¿§ßfn√ F∂p \mw a\ nem°nbncn

°Ww. hN\Øns\Xnsc lrZb IhmSw ASbv°p

Ibpw; CXp ]cnip≤mflmhns\ ]n¥pScp∂Xn\p

kam\amsW∂p IcpXpIbpw sNøp∂Xp \mw

Ghcpw kq£n®p sIm≈Ww. CXv PUØns‚

CwKnXßsf ]n≥]‰p∂X√msX as‰m∂pa√;

C]Imcap≈ PUnI kwKXnIsf ""Bflmhv'' F∂p

\mw hnfn°p∂XpsIm≠v \ΩpsS ]hrØnIƒ

AwKoImctbmKyamsW∂v hnjbmkv]Zambn \mw

\ymbhmZw \SØpIbpw sNøp∂p. ssZhhN\hpw

]cnip≤mflmhpw XΩn¬ At`Zyamsbmcp _‘

aps≠∂p ]dbp∂Xn\v i‡amb thZm[mcap≠v.

InkvXp ssZh hN\hpambn At`Zyamb hn[w tN¿

∂ncn°p∂p. (tbml. 1:1; shfn. 19:13). FgpXs∏´

hN\hpambn ]cnip≤mflmhv H∂mbncn°p∂psh∂p

ho£n°p∂Xn¬ bmsXmcp _p≤nap´pw ]mSn√.

ho≠pw Fs^. 6:17 ]Tn∏n°p∂Xp, ]cnip≤mflmhv

ssZhhN\w D]tbmKn°p∂psh∂mWv. AXpt]mse

Xs∂, 2 ]sXm. 2:21 ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv XncpshgpØnse

hN\ßƒ ]cnip≤mflmhns‚ hN\ßfmsW∂

sX. ]cnip≤mflmhn\m¬ \ndbp∂Xv HcmfpsS

PohnXØn¬ ""InkvXphns‚ hN\w'' \nb¥n°p

hm≥ A\phZn°p∂XmWv (Fs^. 5:18; sImsem. 3:

16; Ch XmcXays∏SpØpI) amXa√, ]pXpP\\Øn

se amXrIbpw ]cnKWn°pI. ]cnip≤mflmhmWv

]pXpP\\w km≤yam°p∂Xv (tbml. 3), hN\amWv

]cnip≤mflmhv AXn\mbn D]tbmKn°p∂Xv (tdma.

10:17; bmt°m. 1:18; 1 ]sXm. 1:23). a‰p hm°pIfn¬

]d™m¬ ]cnip≤mflmhv Xs‚ ]hrØn sNøp∂

Xn\v Xs‚ kz¥ hN\w D]tbmKn°p∂p. c£bv°m

bp≈ amXrI F∂Xp t]mse hnip≤oIcWØn¬

]cnip≤mflmhns‚ ]hrØnsb kw_‘n®pw CXv

AtX]Sn icnbmWv. ]cnip≤mflmhv, hnip≤oIcW

Øn\pw Xs‚ hN\w D]tbmKn°p∂p.

]cnip≤mfl \ndhpw hN\Øm¬ \nb¥n°

s∏Sp∂Xpw XΩn¬ th¿Xncn®p ImWp∂Xnep≈

A]mIXsb¥msW∂pIqSn a\ nem°pI. hmkvX

hØn¬ ssZhhN\w IqSmsX BflnI hf¿® kw`

hn°psa∂p≈ Nn¥bnte°mWv CXp \bn°p∂Xv.

ssZhhN\w A\pkcn®v, AXn\p hnt[bs∏SmsX

]IzXbp≈ hnizmknIfmImw F∂p Nn¥n°p∂h¿,

ssZhhN\Ønse ]t_m[\w i≤nt°≠XmWv

(tbmip. 1:8; k¶o. 1:2, 3; 1 Xnsam. 4:13˛15; 2 Xnsam. 2:

15; 4:2).


274

""a\pjy≥ A∏wsIm≠p amXa√ ssZhØn

s‚ hmbn¬ \n∂p ]pds∏´phcp∂ kIe

hN\w sIm≠p Pohn°pw'' F∂v Ah≥

DØcw ]d™p'' (aØm. 4:4).

""F√m XncpshgpØpwssZhizmkobamIbm¬

ssZhØns‚ hN\w D]tZiØn\pw imk\

Øn\pw KpWoIcWØn\pw \oXnbnse

A`ymkØn\pw ]tbmP\ap≈XmIp∂p''

(2 Xnsam. 3:16).

Ct∏mƒ P\n® inip°sft∏mse c£°mbn

hfcphm≥ hN\sa∂ amban√mØ ]m¬

IpSn∏m≥ hm©n∏n≥ (1 ]sXm. 2:2).

FgpXs∏´hN\w IqSmsX InkvXob hf¿®

X\nsb""kw`hn°phm≥ km[ya√.'' CXns‚b¿∞w

\sΩ \ndbv°phm≥ ]cnip≤mflmhv, FgpXs∏´

hN\w AXn\mbn D]tbmKn°p∂psh∂mWv.

Bflmhns\ IqSmsX hf¿®tbm ]ptcmKXntbm

D≠mIn√ (skJ. 4:6). CXn\p Xpeyw icnbmb

ImcyamWv. ""FgpXs∏´ hN\w IqSmsX bmsXmcp

]ptcmKXnbpw D≠mIbn√'' F∂p≈Xv. ]cnip≤m

flmhns‚ Hcp ]hrØnbmWv ""]Imi\w'' F∂Xv.

""InkvXob hf¿®, a\ p ]pXp°pIsb∂XmsW∂v

[mcmfw N¿® sNøs∏Sp∂p≠v. ]cnip≤mflmhv

a\ neqsS ]hrØn°p∂psh∂mWv Cu c≠v

Bibßfpw \n¿t±in°p∂Xv. CXv êØn¬

]cnip≤mflmhns‚ ""\ndbv°p∂ ipiqjbpw FgpX

s∏´ hN\sØbpw XΩn¬ _‘n∏n°p∂ Bi

bsØ ]n¥mßp∂XmWv.

(3) \ndhns‚ \n¿hN\w

Cu h¿Øam\ImesØ, ]cnip≤mflmhns‚

XpS¿am\amb ipiqj˛ ]cnip≤mflmhn\v hnt[b

s∏´v Gev∏n®psImSp°p∂ hnizmkntbmSp≈

_‘Øn¬. 16

(4) \ndhn≥ ]InbbpsS hniZoIcWw

Hcp hnizmknsb kw_‘n®nStØmfw ]IzXbn

te°p hfcphm≥ ss__nƒ shfns∏SpØp∂

Htcsbmcp Imcy]cn]mSntbbp≈q AXs√¶n¬

CXn\p hn]coXambn i‡amb kqN\Iƒ

D≠mbncn°Ww. 17

InkvXob hf¿®bpsS hyXykvXamb NnXßtfm

]ZkqNIßtfm ]pXnb\nbaw D]tbmKn°p ∂ps≠

¶nepw Chsb√mw Htc ImcysØ hniZoIcn°p

IbmWv. tdma. 12 ¬ ]dbpw t]mse CXns\

cq]m¥csa∂p hnfn®mepw Fs^. 5:18 epw Kem.

5:16˛18 hsc ]dbp∂Xpt]mse ""Bflmhn¬

\ndbpI/ \S°pI Fs∂ms° ]d™mepw icn Htc

ImcyamWv kqNn∏n°p∂Xv. hnizmknIsf IqSpX¬

tbip InkvXphns\t∏msebm°p∂Xn\v ]cnip

≤mflmhv XncphN\w D]tbmKn°p∂p.

hnip≤oIcW ]Inbsb°pdn®p≈ thZ]pkvX

tIm]tZiw XmcXayw sNøptºmƒ Cu Imcyw

Dd∏mbn \n¿Æbn°s∏Sp∂p. "cq]m¥csat∂m' "\nd

sht∂m' at‰sX¶nepw hm°pItfm Hcp thZ]pkvXI

cNbnXmhv D]tbmKn®mepw hnizmknbpsS hf¿®bv

°p≈ kwhn[m\w H∂p Xs∂bmWv. cq]m¥csØ

°pdn®pw Bfl\ndhns\ °pdn®pap≈ thZ]pkvXI

]Tn∏n°epIƒ F¥msW∂p \mw XpS¿∂p ]cntim

[n°m≥ t]mhpIbmWv. cq]m¥c ]Inbbpw

Bflmhn\m¬ \ndbp∂ ]hrØnbpw Ch c≠pw

]ckv]cmibXzap≈ c≠v i‡amb ]h¿Ø\

XXzamWv; Hcp hnizmkn ChnsS, A\pkcWØn

\mbn kPohambn ]cnian°bmWv. At∏mƒ Xs∂

At±lw A\pkcWØn\mbn D≈n¬ A[nhkn

°p∂ ]cnip≤mflmhns‚ i‡nbn¬ Bibn°p

Ibpw sNøp∂p(Kem. 5:22˛23; 1 Xnsam. 6:11 Dw

XmcXayw sNøpI) ]cnip≤mflmhv Dev]mZn∏n°p

∂Xmbn Kem. 5:22˛23- ¬ ]dbp∂ AtX ]tXyI

kz`mh khntijXIƒ B¿÷n°p∂Xn\v

hnizmknIƒ kPohambn ]h¿Øn°Wsa∂

]t_m[\amWv 1 XnsamsYtbmkn¬ ImWp∂Xv.

CXns\°mfp]cn, hf¿®bpsS ]mXsb°pdn®v

h¿Æn°phm\p]tbmKn°p∂ ]Zßƒ F¥mbncp

∂mepw icn, F√m‰nepw ssZhhN\hpw ]cnip≤m

flmhpw Dƒs∏ńcn°p∂p. A¥naambn êw H∂p

Xs∂bmbncn°pw. a\ ns‚ ]pXp°w (cq]m¥cw)

AXmIs´ Bflmhns‚ êØnte°p \bn°pw

hmkvXhØn¬ CXp Xs∂bmWv ""InkvXphns\

t∏msebmIpI'' F∂p ]dbp∂Xv.

InkvXob ]IzXbnte°p≈ hf¿®bv°v Htcsbmcp

\S]SnIatabp≈qsh∂p hy‡w. AXpsIm≠v

hnip≤oIcWsØ°pdn®p ]dbp∂ Nne hmIyßƒ


16 Don Philip, Class Lecture Notes, Grand Rapids School of theBible and Music Fall, 1975.17 ]pXpXmbn hnizmkPohnXØnte°v IS∂ph∂ Hcphnizmkn°v ]cnip≤mflmhns‚ \nb¥WØn¬ssZhhN\ØneqsS BfloIcmIphm≥ km[n°pw.

F∂m¬ aNyqcn‰n As√¶n¬ ]IzX Xo¿®bmbpwkabsaSp°pw(1 sX . 4 - :9˛10 ""AXn¬ \nßƒA[nIambn h¿≤n®p htcWw..., ^nen. 1:9; 3:13- 16).

275

""\ndhv'' F∂v Du∂¬ \¬In ]Xn]mZn°p

∂ns√¶nepwt]mepw F]Imcw ]cnip≤mflmhv, am‰w

hcpØp∂p F∂Xns‚ Dƒ°mgvNbmWv Ah

\¬Ip∂Xv.

(a) ]cnip≤mflmhns‚ \nb¥WsØ a\ ns‚

]pXp°w (cq]m¥cw) F∂p ]d™ncn°p∂p.

InkvXob hf¿®sb°pdn®p ]dbp∂ At\I

hmIyßƒ a\ ns‚ ]pXp°w AYhm cq]m¥c

hpambn CXns\ XmcXayw sNøp∂p.

""ktlmZc∑msc, Rm≥ ssZhØns‚

a\ enhv Hm¿∏n®p \nßsf ]t_m[n∏n°p

∂Xp \nßƒ _p≤nbp≈ Bcm[\bmbn

\nßfpsS icocßsf Poh\pw hnip≤nbpw

ssZhØn\p ]kmZhpap≈ bmKambn ka¿

∏n∏n≥. Cu temIØn\v A\cq]amIm sX

\∑bpw ]kmZhpw ]q¿ÆXbpapff ssZh

lnXw C∂sX∂p Xncn®dntb≠Xn\p a\ p

]pXp°n cq]m¥cs∏Sphn≥'' (tdma. 12:1˛2).

""aqSp]Sw \oßnb apJØv I¿Ømhns‚

tXP ns\ IÆmSnt]mse ]Xn_nw_n°p∂

hcmbn \mw F√mhcpw BflmhmIp∂

I¿Ømhns‚ Zm\ambn tXP nt∑¬ tXP p

]m]n®v AsX ]Xnabmbn cq]m¥cs∏Sp∂p.''

(2 sImcn. 3:18).

""\nßfpsS D≈nse Bflmhp kw_‘ambn

]pXp°w ]m]n®v'' (Fs^. 4:23).

Cu aq∂pthZ`mKßfnepw cq]m¥cw F∂Xv I¿Ω

Wn ]tbmKamWv. I¿Øcn ]tbmKa√. AXmbXv,

Cu cq]m¥cw DfhmIm≥ hnizmkn Fs¥¶nepw

sNbvIb√; AXp≠mIphm\mbn At±lw A\phZn

°pIbmWv. ]mcw` ]hrØn sNøp∂Xv ]pdØp

\n∂p≈ GtXm i‡nbmWv. 2 sImcn. 3:18˛¬

C°mcyw hy‡am°p∂p≠v. AXmbXv Cu

_mlyi‡n ]cnip≤mflmhmWv. \sΩ cq]m¥cs∏

SpØm\mbn IÆmSnbn¬ IqSnsb∂ t]mse ]cnip

≤mflmhv kXysØ (hN\sØ) D]tbmKn°p∂psh

∂pw ChnsS ]Tn∏n°p∂p. bmt°m. 1:23, 24 ssZh

hN\sØ IÆmSnsb∂ \nebn¬ ]Xn]mZn°p∂p

≠v. 2 sImcn¥y¿ 3˛mw A≤ymbØns‚ ]›mØew;

]gb\nbahpw (DSºSn) tXPt dnb ]pXnb \nba

hpw XΩnep≈ sshcp≤yamWv shfns∏SpØp∂Xv.

]pXnb\nbaw ssZhtXP ns‚ hen∏tadnb shfn

∏mSmWv A\phZn°p∂Xv. a\ ns‚ cq]m¥cØn\p

\¬Ip∂ Du∂¬ HcmfpsS a\ nt∑¬ ss__nfn

\p≈ kzm[o\Xsb°pdn®p Nn¥n°phm\pw t]cn∏n

°p∂XmWv. Cu kqN\Ifpw, c£ km[yam°p∂

ipiqjbn¬ ]cnip≤mflmhv XncpshgpØv D]tbm

Kn°p∂Xpw tN¿Øp Nn¥n°ptºmƒ, a\ ns‚

cq]m¥cw kw`hn°p∂Xv, ]cnip≤mflmhv Xncp

shgpØv D]tbmKn °p∂XneqsSbmsW∂v Hcmƒ°p

Dd∏n°mw.

Cu cq]m¥cØns‚ Dt±iyw InkvXphn¬ AtX

]Xna (kmZriyw) ]m]n°pI F∂XsX. 2 sImcn.

3:18). ""ssZh]Xna'' F∂v Fs^. 4:24 epw sImsem.

3:10 epw ]d™ncn°p∂p. a‰p hm°pIfn¬ ]d™m¬

InkvXphns‚ kmZriyw hnizmknIfn¬ Dfhm°m≥

]cnip≤mflmhv hN\Øn¬ \n∂p≈ kXyßƒ

D]tbmKn°p∂p. tdma. 12:1˛2 hsc Dd∏n®p ]dbp∂Xv

Cu ]InbbpsS hn]coX Znibn¬ \n∂psIm≠p≈

ho£WØn¬ D≠mIp∂ AtX ^ew Xs∂bmWv.

InkvXphns‚ B kmZriy Ønte°p cq]m¥cs∏Sp

∂h¿ Cu temIØn\v A\pcq]amImsX XnsI®pw

hyXykvXcmbncn°pw.

Cu cq]m¥c]InbbpsS ]Sn]Snbmb hn[w

GXm≠v Xmsg ]dbpwhn[amWv.

(i) Hcp hnizmkn ]m]w G‰p]dbpIbpw tdma. 12:

1˛¬ ]dbp∂Xpt]msebp≈ Hcp Poh\p≈ bmKam

bn ka¿∏n°pIbpw sNøp∂p. Cu ]mcw`\ne

ssIhcn°msX hf¿® \nse®pt]mIpItbbp≈q.

(ii) hN\w ]mtbmKnIam°sW∂ Dt±iytØmsS

hN\amIp∂ IÆmSn, Hcp hnizmkn D]tbmKn

°ptºmƒ˛ At±lw ssZhtXP mWp InkvXphn¬

Z¿in°p∂Xv. hnizmkn hN\w hfsc kPohambn

]Tn°pIbpw hN\Øns‚ ]k‡nbpw hy‡n

]cambn AXns‚ ]m[m\yhpw Kln°p∂Xn\v

]cnip≤mfl ]Imi\Øn¬ Bibn°pIbpw

sNøp∂p.

(iii) ]cnip≤mflmhp kz¥ hN\amb XncpshgpØv

D]tbmKn®v, Hcp hnizmknbpsS PohnXØnse

IpdhpIƒ, t]mcmbvaIƒ, AcpXmbvaIƒ, ]m]ßƒ

Ch Nq≠n°mWn°pIbpw InkvXphns‚ kz`mh

alXzw shfns∏SpØpIbpw sNøp∂p.

(iv) Cu kµ¿`Øn¬, Hcp hnizmkn°v tIhew

hN\Øns‚ Hcp ""tIƒhn°mc≥''amXw Bbncn

°mw As√¶n¬ At±lØn\p Xs‚ sX‰pIfpw

]m]ßfpw kΩXn°mw; kXyk‘ambn At±lw

Cu kµ¿`Øn¬, IpdhpIƒ G‰p]d™v hN\Øn

¬ shfns∏SpØnbncn°p∂ amXrIbmb InkvXp

hns‚ kz`mhw ]m]n°phm≥ D’mln°pw AtX

kabw B hy‡n IqSpX¬ sa®ambn Pohn°phm≥


276

ian°ptºmƒ Xs∂ Xs‚ Dffn¬ A[nhkn°p∂

]cnip≤mflmhns\, InkvXphns\t∏mseb√mØ

s]cpam‰Ønte°p \bn°p∂ ]tem`\ßsf

FXn¿°pIbpw ]cnip≤mflmibXzhpw am‰hpw

hcphm\p≈ i‡n°mbn Bibn°pIbpw sNøpw.

(v) kabw apt∂m´p \oßp∂Xn\\pkcn®v, InkvXp

hns‚ kz`mh khntijX Hmtcms∂mtcm∂mbn

shfns∏SpØp∂Xn\pw AXpt]mseXs∂ Hcp hnizm

knbpsS Hmtcmtcm IpdhpIƒ shfns∏SpØp∂Xn

\pw, hN\w D]tbmKn°phm≥ ]cnip≤mflmhp

t\m°p∂p. ]XnIcn°psa¶n¬, B hy‡nbpsS

PohnXØn¬ ]pcpjt\m kvXotbm Bbns°m≈s´,

Aev]mev]ambn PohnXØns‚ Hmtcm `mKßfpw

I¿Ømhmb InkvXphns\t∏mse A[nIa[nIw

BbnØocpIbpw temItØmSp≈ XmZmflyw

IpdbpIbpw sNøpw.

a\ ns‚ Cu cq]m¥c]Inb, Kln°m\mhm

ØtXm, \ng¬ aqSnbtXm H∂pa√; adn®v CXv

Bfl\ndhn\p XpeyamWv. \mw XpS¿∂v Cu Imcyw

Nn¥n°phm≥ t]mhpIbmWv.

(b )]cnip≤mflmhns‚ \nb¥Ww, \ndsh∂ \ne

bn¬ h¿Æn®ncn°p∂p.

]cnip≤mflmhnt\mSp≈ _‘Øn¬, apgp Xncpsh

gpØnepw, A©p Iev]\Isf, k`bv°v \¬Inbn´p

≈q. Ahbn¬ \mseÆw InkvXob hf¿®bv°v

hy‡n]camb DØchmZnXzsØ kqNn∏n°p∂Xpw

""Bflmhns‚ \ndhv'' F∂ hn`mKØn¬s∏Sp∂Xpa

sX.18 Bflnb ]IzXbnte°p \SØp∂ ]cnip≤m

flipiqjtbmSp _‘s∏´XmWv Cu Iev]\Isf

√mw Xs∂. cq]m¥csØ°pdn®v ]dbp∂ thZ`mK

ßƒ shfns∏SpØp∂ AtX kXyßfpsS h¿Æ\

bmWnhnsSbpw ImWp∂Xv.

(i) ]cnipflmhn\m¬ \ndbphn≥ (Fs^. 5:18 )

""ho™pIpSn®v aØcmIcpXv; AXn\m¬

Zp¿∂S∏v D≠mIpat√m; Bflmhv \nd™

hcmbn... (Fs^. 5:18). 19

]cnip≤mflmhn\m¬ Hcp hnizmkn \nb¥n°

s∏Sp∂Xns\∏‰nbmWv Cu hmIyw ]dbp∂Xv. Cu

\nb¥Ww ]mh¿ØnIam°phm≥ ]cnip≤mflmhv

Xs‚ kz¥ hN\w D]tbmKn°p∂psh∂v CXnt\mSp

kam\ thZ`mKamb sImsem. 3:16 Nq≠n

°mWn°p∂p. ""\ndbpI'' F∂Xv (\nb¥Ww,

kzm[o\X) Hcp hnizmknsb kzm[o\n°p∂Xn\mbn

(cq]m¥cs∏SpØphm≥) ]cnip≤mflmhv hN\

amIp∂ IÆmSn D]tbmKn°p∂Xn¬ \n∂p

hyXykvXamWv F∂p Nn¥n°m≥ aXnbmb ImcW

sam∂pan√.

(ii) ]cnipflmhn\m¬ \S°pI (Kem. 5:16, 25) 20

""Bflmhns\ A\pkcn®p \S∏n≥; F∂m¬

\nßƒ PUØns‚ tamlw \nh¿Øn°p

Ibn√ F∂p Rm≥ ]dbp∂p; Bflmhn\m¬

\mw Pohn°p∂p F¶n¬ Bflmhns\ A\pk

cn®v \S°pIbpw sNbvI (Kem. 5:16, 25).

\mw ImepIƒ D]tbmKn®v \S°ptºmƒ i‡n°pw

_eØn\pw th≠n \mw Ahsb \nb¥n°pIbmWv.

\S°ptºmƒ Im¬ icnbmbn aptºm´p shbv°p∂n

s√¶n¬, aptºm´p≈ Ne\Øm¬ adn™p hogphm≥

km[yXbp≠v. \S°ptºmƒ \mw AdnbmsX Xs∂

BZy NphSp hbv°m≥ Hcp Imens\bpw ]n∂oSv as‰

Imens\bpw Bibn°p∂p. Cu c≠p Bibßfpw

Bflmhn\mep≈ "BflnI \S∏ns‚' ASnÿm\

XXzßƒ°p kam¥camWv. Bflmhn\m¬ \S°pI

F∂ ]d™m¬ aptºm´p t]mIphm≥ i‡n°pw

_eØn\pw Bflmhns\ Bibn®p Pohn°pI

F∂mW¿∞w. Bflmhns\ A\pkcn®p \S°p∂

Hcp hnizmkn XpS¿am\ambn Bflmhns\

Bibn°p∂ ]InbbnemWv. i‡n°pth≠n

amXa√; \nb¥WØn\pw am¿§Z¿i\Øn\pw

th≠n B hy‡n ]cnip≤mflmhns\ Bibn°pw.

XncpshgpØn¬ Dƒs°m≈n®n´n√mØ Imcyßƒ

]cnip≤mflmhv Hcp hnizmkn°v icnbmb am¿§

Z¿i\acpfpw F∂v hnizkn°phm≥ km≤y

Xbp≈t∏mƒ Xs∂ ]cnip≤mflmhv Znimt_m[

acpfp∂ ]mYanI apJm¥cw FgpXs∏´ hN\amWv.

ssZhhN\Øn¬, ssZhlnXsa∂Xv, ]cnip≤m

flmhv hnizmknIsf Nq≠n°mWn°p∂p. BflnI

ambn ""hogmXncn°phm≥'' Bflmhns\ A\pkcn®p

\S°p∂h¿ Cu \n¿t±ißfn¬ Bibn°pw.

D≈n¬ A[nhkn°p∂ ]cnip≤mflmhns‚

i‡nbnemWv Ahsc√mhcpw Bibn°p∂Xv;

]cnip≤mflmhn¬ \n∂p≈ \n¿t±ißƒ


18 A©masØ Iev]\, k`bv°v samØØn¬, \sΩ`ctaev∏n®ncn°p∂ D]\n[n kq£n®psImt≈≠Xn\v,''\¬Inbncn°bmWv 2 Xnsam. 1:14 Bflkv\m\tamBflm[nhmktam tXSphm≥ Hcp Iev]\bpan√.19 Bflmhn¬, Bflmhn\m¬, BflmhpsIm≠v F∂o]cn`mj sNømhp∂ hmIyamWnXv (Fs^. 5:18 s‚A¿∞w F∂ `mKw t\m°pI).

20 ""\S°pI'' F∂Xn\v Ko°p `mjbn¬ D]tbmKn®ncn°p∂ hm°pIƒ Cu c≠p hmIyßfnepw hyXykvXamWv; thdn´ Hcp ssien F∂p thWsa¶n¬ ]dbmw.

277

A\pkcn°phm≥ hnizmknIƒ°p≈ _ew ssZh

hN\amb ss__nfn¬ \n∂mWp hcp∂Xv.

as‰mcp hiw, \sΩ Kln∏n°p∂Xn\p klmb

Iambn´mWv tdma. 8:4 (KJV) tN¿Øncn°p∂Xv.

""Bflmhns\ A\pkcn®v \S°phn≥' F∂v

aebmfØn¬ ]cn`mj s∏SpØnbncn°p∂p.

Bflmhns\ A\pkcn®p \S∏n≥ F∂p ]dbp∂Xpw

Bflmhn\m¬ \S∏n≥ F∂v ]dbp∂Xpw XΩn¬

_‘ap≠v. hyXykvXamb Du∂epIƒ \¬IpI

bmWv Cu ]tbmKßƒ. tdma. 8:4 ¬ "]cnip≤mflm

hns‚ AfhptIme\pkcn®v, AXn≥]Imcw Ft∂m

AX\pkcn®v Ft∂m thWw Kln°phm≥. tbml.

8:15˛¬ InkvXp ]d™p. ""\nßƒ PU]Imcw

hn[n°p∂p'' CXns‚ A∞w, ]coi∑m¿ PUØns‚

am\ZWvUa\pkcn®mWv hn[n®Xv F∂sX. 1 sImcn.

1:26˛¬ ""PU]Imcw'' _p≤nam∑m¿ Gsdbn√ F∂

]utemkv ]dbptºmƒ, hnizmknIsf Dt±in®m

Ibm¬, hnizmknIfn¬ Gsdbpw _p≤nlo\cmWv

F∂√ ]utemkv A¿∞am°p∂Xv. B ssienbpsS

A¿∞w Fs¥∂m¬ PUnIam\ZWvUa\pkcn®v

hn[n°p∂bmfpIƒ hnizmknIfn¬ ]escbpw

_p≤nam∑m¿ F∂p KWn°p∂n√ F∂mWv.

Bflmhns\ A\pkcn®p \S°pI F∂p ]d™m¬

]cnip≤mflmhns‚ am\ZWvUßƒ°p hnt[bs∏´p

Pohn°pI F∂XmWv. ]cnip≤mflmhns‚

am\ZWvUßƒ GsXms°bmWv? CXv ImcysØ

Iq´n°pgbv°phm\nSbmIcpXv . hnizmknIƒ

Pohnt°≠Xmb am\ZWvUßƒ XncpshgpØp

\ap°p \¬Ip∂p≠v. kmt¶XnIambn ]d™m¬

F√m hnizmknIfpw F√mbvt∏mgpw ]cnip≤mflm

hns\ A\pkcn®v AhnSpsØ CjvS]ImcamWv

\S°p∂Xv; AXmbXv; ssZhhN\amWv Ft∏mgpw

\ΩpsS s]cpam‰ kz`mhßfpsS am\ZWvUw. Nne

kµ¿`ßfn¬ \mw Cu am\ZWvUa\pkcn®v AXn\p

tbmPn® \nebn¬˛ Bflmhns\ A\pkcn®p

\S°p∂n√. 21

Bflmhns\ A\pkcn®p \S°phn≥ F∂

Iev]\bpsS efnXamb A¿∞w PohnXØn\p≈

am\ZWvUsa∂ \nebn¬ (]mtbmKnIambn)

ssZhhN\Øn\p Iogvs∏´ncn°pIsb∂mWv.

]cnip≤mflmhv tcJs∏SpØnbncn°p∂ kXy

ßfn¬ Bibn®v, AXnt\mSv CgpIn tN¿∂p≈ Cu

PohnX \nehmcsØbmWv Bflmhn\mep≈ \S∏v

F∂p ]dbp∂Xv. InkvXob ]IzXbnte°p≈

]mXbmWn sX∂v Hcn°¬IqsS ]d™psIm≈s´.


21 Kem. 5:18 ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv F√m hnizmknIfpwBflmhn\m¬ \SØs∏Sp∂psh∂XmWv. AXmbXvHcp hnizmknt]mepw, PohnX]amWsa∂ \nebn¬\ymb]amWØn≥ Iogne√. ""\nßƒ Bflmhns\A\pkcn®p \S°p∂psh¶n¬ (\nßƒ A]Imcw\S°p∂h¿ Xs∂bmWv) \ymb]amWØn≥ Iogne√(Xo¿®bmbpw A√). ]›mØea\pkcn®v Nn¥n°ptºmƒtdma. 8:14 Dw ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv, F√m hnizmknIfpwBflmhn\m¬ \SØs∏Sp∂hcmWv F∂sX. a°ƒF√mhcpw Bflmhn\m¬ \SØs∏Sp∂hcmsW∂v BhmIyw ]dbp∂p. XpS¿∂v hcp∂ Nne hmIyßƒ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv, F√m hnizmknIfpw ""a°ƒ'' (]pX∑m¿)

BWv F∂sX. F√mbvt∏mgpw \sΩ \bn°p∂Xv(\SØp∂Xv) ]cnip≤mflmhmWv \mbIs‚ (\SØn∏pImcs‚) ÿm\Øv ]cnip≤mflmhv B ipiqj\tΩmSp≈ _‘Øn¬ sNøp∂p. (]Yaambpw CXvssZhhN\ØmemWv km[yamIp∂Xv) ]et∏mgpw]mtbmKnIambn Bflmhns\ ]q¿Æambn ]n≥]‰p∂n√AXmbXv A\pkcn®p \S°p∂n√ Xm\pw. ""Bflmhn¬''Bbncn°p∂ Hcp hnizmkn, ""PUØn¬ Pohn°p∂htcmSv\oXn ]h¿Øn°phm≥ ]m]vXnbp≈bmfmbncn°pw.C]Imcap≈ hnizmknbpw, \oXn ]h¿Øn°phm≥Ignhn√msX ""PUØn¬'' Pohn°p∂ AhnizmknbpwXΩn¬ ÿm\]camb hyXymkamWv tdma. 8˛¬ ImWm≥Ignbp∂Xv. tdma¿ 8˛mw A≤ymbsØ°pdn®p≈s]mXphmb [mcW, Hmtcm hnizmknbpsSbpw D≈n¬\S°p∂ ""B¥cnI kwL´\sØ''°pdn®mWv CuA≤ymbw ]Xn]mZn°p∂sX∂mWv. tdma. 8:9 ¬]utemkv D]tbmKn°p∂ ]tbmKßfpsS kz¥\n¿hN\w ImWmw. AhnsS ""PUØn¬'' F∂Xn\m¬At±lw Dt±in°p∂Xv ""]cnip≤mflmhv D≈n¬hkn°mØ'' Hcp AhnizmknsbbmWv. AXpt]mseXs∂; tdma. 8˛s‚ ]›mØea\pkcn®v F√mhnizmknIfpw ""Bflmhn¬'' BWv. ""\nßtfm, ssZhØns‚ Bflmhp \nßfn¬ hkn°p∂psh¶n¬,PUkz`mhap≈hc√ Bflkz`mhap≈hcsX. tdma. 8:9˛¬ "PUkz`mhw' "Bflkz`mhw' F∂nßs\]dbp∂Xns‚ Biba\pkcn®v Nn¥n°ptºmƒ, tdma.8:4˛¬ Hcp hnizmknbpsS ]Zhnsb°pdn®p ]dbp∂p F∂va\ nem°pIbmWpØaw. ]cnip≤mflmhv F√mhnizmknIsfbpw F√m kabØpw \SØp∂p F∂Biba\pkcn®v Nn¥n°ptºmƒ F√m hnizmknIfpw""Bflmhns\ A\pkcn®v'' \S°p∂hcmWv. kz`mhs]cpam‰ßƒ°p≈ \ΩpsS am\ZWvUw ]cnip≤mflmhmWv; \ymb]amWa√. AXpsIm≠v ÿm\obambn]d™m¬, F√mbvt∏mgpw ""F√m hnizmknIfpw]cnip≤mflmhns\ A\pkcn®p \S°p∂hcmWv.]cnip≤mflmhmWv F√mbvt∏mgpw \ΩpsS \SØn∏pImc≥ AhnSp∂v B⁄m]n°pIbpw XncpshgpØneqsS\sΩ hgnIm´pIbpw sNøp∂p. ]cnip≤mflmhv k`bv°vIev\]Iƒ \¬InbXv (tamsibpsS hyhÿnXnb√)F√m hnizmknIfpw Bflmhns\ A\pkcn®v(Bfl]Imcw) \S°p∂psh¶nepw, HmtcmcpØcpw""Bflmhns\ A\pkcn®p \S∏n≥'' F∂ Iev]\F√mbvt∏mgpw A\pkcnt°≠XmWv. AXmbXv, \sΩF√mbvt∏mgpw \bn°p∂ ]cnip≤mflmhns‚am\ZWvUsØ ]q¿Æambn Bibn®pw A\pkcn®pwPohnt°≠XmWv Kem. 5:25).

278

Bfl \ndsht∂m a\ ns‚ cq]m¥csat∂m F¥p

t]¿ hnfn®mepw kwKXn H∂pXs∂. InkvXphnt\m

Sp≈ kmZriyØnepw am\yXbnepw h¿≤n®phtc≠

Xn\v \sΩ cq]m¥cs∏SpØn, am¿§ Z¿i\acpfphm≥

]cnip≤mflmhv hN\w D]tbmKn°p∂p.

(iii) ]cnipflmhns\ sISp°cpXv (1 sX . 5:19)

""Bflmhns\ sISp°cpXv; ]hN\w Xp—oIcn

°cpXv'' (1 sX . 5:19, 20).

Bflmhns\ sISp°cpXv F∂ B⁄, "]hN\w

Xp—oIcn°cpsX∂v XpS¿∂p ]dbp∂ hmIy

`mKtØmSp tN¿Øp thWw ]Tn°phm≥. Hcp

hnizmknbpsS lrZbØn¬ ]cnip≤mflmhv \¬

Ip∂ t]cWIƒ, kzm[o\XIƒ F∂nhsb∏‰n Cu

]T\Øns‚ a‰p `mKØv kqNn∏n®n´p≠v. ChnsS

]dbp∂ Cu Iev]\bpsS ]cn[nbn¬ thWw

CØcw t]cWIsfbpw \ntbmKßsfbpw

]Tn°phms\∂Xn¬ sX√pw kwibw th≠. Hcp

hnizmknsb GsX¶nepw Imcyßƒ sNøphm≥

]cnip≤mflmhp t]cn∏n°ptºmƒ At±lw AXv

A\pkcn°pIbmWv th≠Xv.

F∂ncp∂mepw, \n mcImcyßfn¬ \mw henb

]k‡n sImSp°p∂hcmIcpXv. Hcp PUnI

hnizmkn°v PUnIamb Xmev]cyßsf Bflmhns‚

\nb¥Wambn sX‰mbn hymJym\n®v, ktµlhpw

X¿°hpw D≠m°phm≥ Ignt™°mw. ]cnip≤m

flmhp ]Tn∏n°p∂ ]mYanI]mTw ss__nfnem

Wp≈Xv. BflmshgpXnb hN\w PohnXm\p`

ham°n ]n¥pScp∂h¿°p amXta PohnXkml

NcyØn¬ ]cnip≤mflmhns‚ t]cWIsf

icnbmwhn[w Xncn®dnbm\mIq. ]cnip≤mflmhp

\SØp∂Xv ][m\ambpw AhnSpsØ hN\Øm

emWv. C∂v ]hmNI∑mcns√¶nepw, hN\sØ

\nckn°p∂ hy‡n, êØn¬ ]hN\sØ

\nckn°pIbpw Xp—oIcn°pIbpamWv. Hcp

B[p\nI hnizmkn ]cnip≤mflmhns\ sISpØn°

fbp∂Xv, ]cnip≤mflmhns‚ Znhy shfn∏mSmb

hN\Ønse Iev]\Ifpw DØchmZnØßfpw

\nckn°p∂XneqsSbmWv. hnizmknIƒ°v am¿§

Z¿i\w \¬In cq]m¥cØnte°p \bn°phm≥

]cnip≤mflmhv Xs‚ hN\w D]tbmKn°p∂p. Cu

FgpXs∏´ ""]hN\w'' \nckn°p∂h¿ ]cnip≤m

flmhns\ sISpØpIbmWv sNøp∂Xv.

(iv) ]cnip≤mflmhns\ Zp:Jn∏n°cpXv Fs^. 4:30

""]cnip≤mflmhns\ Zp:Jn∏n°cpXv; Ah\m

et√m \nßƒ°p hos≠Sp∏p \mfn\mbn

apZbnńcn°p∂Xv'' (Fs^. 4:30).

]cnip≤mflmhn\v Zp:Jw hcpØp∂ s]cpam‰ßƒ

GsXms°sb∂v Xs‚ hmb\°m¿°v \∂m

bdnbmsa∂ \nKa\ØnemWv ]utemkv Cu hm°p

Iƒ FgpXp∂Xv. ]cnip≤mflmhp \¬Inbncn°p∂

XncpshgpØpIƒ \ntj[n°p∂XmWv ]cnip≤m

flmhns\ Zp:Jn∏n°p∂ ]Yaam¿§w F∂pd∏n

°phm≥ henb _p≤nap´p≠mhn√. FgpXs∏´

hN\w A\pkcn°p∂ hnizmknIƒ ]cnip≤mflm

hns\ ]kmZn°p∂hcmWv.

(v) Bfl\ndhn≥ PohnXØns‚ êßƒ: Bflm

hns‚ êw

""Bflmhns‚ êtam, kvt\lw, kt¥mjw,

kam[m\w, Zo¿L£a, Zb, ]tcm]Imcw,

hnizkvXX, kuayX, Cµnb Pbw, Cu hsI

°p hntcm[ambn Hcp \ymb]amWhpan√

(Kem. 5:22, 23).

]cnip≤mflmhns‚ \nb¥Ww ]n¥pScp∂ Hcp

hnizmkn (AXmbXv, ]cnip≤mflmhn\m¬ FgpX

s∏´ hN\w A\pkcn°p∂bmƒ) Kem. 5:22˛23 ¬

]dbp∂ kz`mhkhntijXIƒ ]Z¿in∏n°pI

Xs∂ sNøpw. ]cnip≤mfl \ndhns‚ ""A\p`hsØ

°pdn®v Xmev]cyapff GsXmcmfpw i≤nt°≠

HcpImcyw ]cnip≤mflmhv ""kvt\lw, kt¥mjw,

kam[m\w, Zo¿L£a, Zb, ]tcm]Imcw, hnizkv

XX, kuayX, CµnbPbw F∂nh Dev]mZn∏n°p∂p

AYhm Dfhm°p∂p F∂ hkvXpXbmWv. Cu

"hy‡nXz khntijXIƒ' InkvXp kam\X

shfns∏SpØpIbmWv. Cu ]tXyIXbmWv Hcp

hnizmknbn¬ Dfhmbn°mWphm≥ ]cnip≤mflmhv

BKln°p∂Xv. ""InkvXphns\t∏mse'' \sΩ

B°nØo¿°p∂ Cu kz`mhkhntijXIƒ

A\p`ham°p∂ ]Zhn hneIpd®p ImWpIbpw

]cnip≤mflmhn¬ \n∂v as‰s¥¶nepw A\p`hßƒ

Bhiys∏SpIbpw sNøp∂h≥ XnsI®pw ZcnZamb

Hcp Xncs™Sp∏mWv \SØp∂Xv. InkvXp kam\X

(Bflêw)sb kw_‘n®v AkwXr]vXcpw Xmev]

cyan√mØhcpambh¿ at‰sXmcp "Bflm\p`hsØ''

°pdn®pw AkwXr]vXcmbncn°pw. Hcp hnizmknbn¬

Dfhmbn°mWm≥ ]cnip≤mflmhv BKln°p∂Xv

""InkvXp˛ kam\X''bmWv. CXmWv bXm¿∞ Bflo

bX. InkvXp˛ kam\X (InkvXphns\t∏msebm

°pI)bn√msX BflnIXbn√; FXXs∂ Bthi

]camb A\p`hßtfm am¿ΩnI kXyßƒ Adnbm

sa∂ AhImihmZßtfm D≈h¿°p t]mepw,

Bfl\ndhns‚ ]Yam\p`hw Bflêw D≠mbn

cn°pI F∂XmWv. hN\w A\pkcn°phm≥ i‡n

BhiyamWv. Cu i‡n°pth≠n˛D≈n¬ A[nh


279

kn°p∂ ]cnip≤mflmhns\ Hcp henb Pekw`c

Wnsbt∂mWw I≠psIm≠v \Ωnte°p ]hln°p

hm≥ Xmev]cys∏Sp∂ \nebn¬˛ B ]cnip≤mfl

km∂n≤yw A\p`hn°p∂XmWv Bfl \ndhv F∂v

]kvXmhn®psIm≈s´. i≤n°pI! A\pkcn°p

hm\p≈ i‡n, BflêØns‚ AIºSntbmsS

Hcp hnizmknbn¬ ]ISambn ImWp∂XmWv

Bfl\ndhns‚ A\p`hw A√msX Aºcn∏n°p∂

PmehnZyIƒ ImWn°m\p≈ i‡nb√. ]cnip≤m

flmhv \Ωn¬ ]Icm\mKln°p∂ A\pKlßƒ

]Zhn Ipd™htbm AXbv°v sa®as√∂p IcpXm

hp∂htbm A√ F∂v ]tXyIw Hm¿∏n®psIm≈s´.

""InkvXphns\t∏mse'' BIpI F∂Xn¬ F¥mWv

hneIpd™tXm, \yq\ambtXm?

(c) Bfl\ndhn≥ hnhcWØns‚ kmckwKlw

]Z]tbmKßƒ hyXykvXamsW¶nepw; shfns∏Sp

Ønbncn°p∂ Bibßƒ Nq≠n°mWn°p∂Xv,

ss__nfn¬ Hmtcsbmcp ip≤oIcW ]Inb

tbbp≈qsh∂mWv. ""]pXp°w'' Ft∂m ""Bfl\nd

sh''t∂m t]¿hnfn®mepw ]Inb H∂pXs∂.

]cnip≤mflmhns‚ hiØp \n∂p t\m°ptºmƒ

hf¿® km≤yamIp∂Xv Bflmhns‚ hmfmb hN\w

D]tbmKn°p∂Xn\memWv. Bflmhns‚ hN\sØ

hnizkn°m≥ sIm≈mhp∂ Hcp hgnImńsb∂

\nebn¬ kPohambn Bibn®p sIm≠p thWw

Hcp hnizmkn kZm Pohnt°≠Xv. A\pkcn°phm≥

kZm PmKXtbmsS Hcp hnizmkntbm hnizmkn\n

tbm ]cnian°pIbpw At∏mƒ Xs∂ A\pkcn°p

hm≥ aXnbmb _eØn\mbn ]cnip≤mfli‡n

bmemibn°pIbpw thWw. Cu ]InbbpsS ]cn

WnXêambmWv cq]m¥cw AYhm Bflêw.

GsXmcp]Zw D]tbmKn®mepw icn AXns‚ BXy

¥nIe£yw InkvXphns\t∏msebmIpI F∂XmWv.

Bfl\ndhv (Bflmhn\mep≈ \nb¥Ww) aXnbmb

kabw Bhiyap≈ Hcp XpS¿]Inbbmbn ho£n

°p∂XmWpØaw. t\scadn®v, AXv hnjaIcamb

Hcp A\p`ha√. Bflmhn\m¬ FgpXs∏´ ssZh

hN\tØmSv CgpInt®¿∂p t]mIp∂ Hcp hnizmkn,

Bflmhn\m¬ \nb¥n°s∏Sp∂ (\ndhp≈) Hcmfm

Wv. GsX¶nepw thZ]pkvXI ]amWw Adn™n´pw

AXp ewLn°p∂ hnizmkn, Bfl\ndhn¬ (\nb¥

WØn¬) Pohn°p∂bmf√. Bflmhns‚

\nb¥Ww ]p\:ÿm]n°s∏Sm\p≈ D]m[n ]m]w

G‰p ]dbpIbmWv (1 tbml. 1:9 t\m°pI ) 22 \nb¥

WØns‚ Cu ]Inb, Bfl\ndhns\bmWpƒ

s°m≈p∂Xv A√msX B¥cnI _p≤napńs‚tbm

hnjak‘nbptStXm Ahÿ A√! Hcp hml\w

icnbmb Knbdnes√¶n¬ Knb¿ am‰nsb¶nte AXp

apt∂m´p \oßpIbp≈q. AXn¬ \mSIobambn

H∂pan√ Xs∂.

CXp ]dbptºmƒ, Hcp Imcyw IqsS Hm¿∏n®p sIm

≈s´, Hcp hnizmkn ]cnip≤mflmhns‚ hN\Øn\v,

]p\:ka¿∏Ww sNøp∂Xn\v, Bcw`Øn¬ Aev]w

_p≤nap´v tXm∂nsb∂p hcmw. 23 amXa√, Zo¿L

\mfpIƒ At±lw Bflmhnt\mSp adpXen®pw

a’cn®pamWp Pohn®sX¶n¬, G‰p]d®nepw

ka¿∏Whpw bYmÿm\hpw D≠mIphm≥,

L\Icamb Fs¥¶nepw Hcp A\p`hw thWsa∂p

hcmw. F∂m¬ G‰p]d®n¬ Hmtcm XhWbpw

kw`hn°phm≥ CØcw BgØn¬ kv]¿in°p∂

A\p`hw thWsa∂p h∂m¬, PohnXw Ft∏mgpw

kwL´\mflIambncn°pw. ImcWw G‰p]d®n¬,

F√m Znhkhpw \St°≠Xmbn hcpat√m? F∂m¬

G‰hpw km[mcWamb A\p`hsa∂p ]dbp∂Xv.

efnXambpw ]Xnhmbpap≈ G‰p]d®nen\m¬

Bfl\ndhn≥ A\p`hw bYmÿm\s∏Sp∂p

F∂p≈XmWv. Hcn°¬ hN\tØmSp≈ ka¿∏Ww

bYmÿm\s∏´m¬ AX\pkcn®mbncn°pw

Bfl\nb¥Ww AYhm Afl\ndhv kw`hn°p∂

Xv. ]cnip≤mflmhv ho≠pw \nd™psh∂Xv sXfnhm

tI≠Xn\v, Hcp hnizmkn, DXvIWvT \nd™tXm

\mSIobtam Bb A\p`hsØ ]Xo£nt°≠.

]m]w G‰p]d™v, hnizmkn ]ns∂bpw ]cnip≤m

flmhn\p Iog vs∏´v hN\Øm¬ AhnSpsØ

\nb¥WØn\v Gev∏n®p sImSp°ptºmƒ At±l

Øn\p≠mIp∂ hnImcßtfm A\p`hßtfm

F¥mbncp∂mepw icn At±lw "Bflmhn¬' \ndbp

IbmWv. Ip‰w G‰p]d™tijhpw A⁄\mb Hcp

hnizmkn, Bfl\ndhn\mbn ]ns∂bpw bmNn®p

sIm≠ncn°pIbmsW¶n¬ AXv, ssZhØns\Xn

cmb ]tIm]\w t]msebmsW∂p ]dbp∂Xn¬

sX‰n√. Ip™ns‚ apºn¬ a[pc]elmcw


22 ]m]w G‰p]d™v Dt]£n°pIbpw ssZhhN\sØPohn°phm\p≈ kXyambn hn\btØmsS AwKoI

cn®mibn°pIbpw sNøp∂Xnt\mSp≈ _‘ØnemWvBfl\ndhv ]m]n°m≥ Ignbp∂Xv. Bfl\ndhv(\nb¥Ww) hN\w A\pkcn°mØXn\mepw ]m]wG‰p]d™p Dt]£n°mØXn\mepw ]cnip≤mflmhns\ZpxJn∏n°p∂XneqsS XS s∏Sp∂XmWv.23 ssZhtØmSv ka¿∏Whpw hnt[bXzhpw D≠m°p∂Xnte°p \bn°p∂ Hcp henb hgnØncnhv PohnXØn¬ kw`hn°p∂ Bibw XncphN\m[njvTnXamWv (tdma.6:11 ; 12:1˛2). Cu Nn¥ Hcp hnja ]iv\amtbmA√msXtbm A`napJoIcns∏t´°mw.

280

\ncØnh®n´pw AXn\pth≠n Icbp∂ Ip™ns‚

coXn amXm]nXm°∑msc F]Imcw apjn∏n°ptam

AXn\p XpeyamWnXv. ]cnip≤mfl \nb¥WØn

\mbn, Gev∏n®psImSp°p∂Xn\v ss__nfneqsS

G‰p]d®nepw bYmÿm\hpw D≠mhpIbpw AXv

icnbmb ka¿∏WØnte°p \bn°pIbpw

sNøp∂psh¶n¬ AhnsS ]cnip≤mfl\ndhpw

\nb¥Whpw \S∂pIgn™psh∂p ]dbmw.

Bflmhns‚ Bbp[amb ssZhhN\Ønt∑¬

InbmflIamb Bibw ]pe¿Øp∂nStØmfw

AXp XpScpIbpw sNøpw. F∂m¬ \ndhn\pth≠n

]ns∂bpw ssZhtØmSp bmNn®psIm≠ncn°p∂

hy‡n ssZhw \¬In°gn™ H∂n\pth≠n ho≠pw

tNmZn°p∂Xn\p XpeyamWv. 24 CXv Hcp hnizmkn

At±lw hnizmkØm¬ amXw ]m]n® c£bv°p

th≠n Bh¿Øn®p bmNn°p∂Xn\p XpeyamWv. Cu

c≠p hn[ ]m¿∞\Ifpw ssZhØn\p apjn∏p

tXm∂n∏n°p∂XmWv, ImcWw, ssZhhN\sØ

apJhnebv°v hnizkn°p∂Xnep≈ ]cmPbamWnXp

kqNn∏n°p∂Xv. hN\ØneqsS ]cnip≤mfl

\nb¥WØn\p hnt[bcmbh¿ Bfl\ndhp

≈hcmWv. Bfl\ndhns‚ Zriyamb ASbmfßƒ

\nc¥cw Bhiys∏Sp∂, Hcp hy‡n ssZhhN\w

aXnbmb am¿§Z¿in\nbmsW∂v hmkvXhØn¬

hnizkn°p∂n√. Bfl\ndhv F∂Xv InkvXphns‚

hN\w kIe sFizcytØmSpw IqsS D≈n¬

\nd™p hkn°p∂XmsW∂v ss__nƒ \n¿hNn

°p∂p. F∂m¬ ]cnip≤mfl \ndhns‚ A\p_‘

kw`hw Ft∂mWw Fs¥¶nepw At\zjn∏n°p

∂h¿ CXp hnizkn°pt∂bns√∂p thWw ]dbm≥.

amXa√; Ah¿ t\csØXs∂ ]m]n®ncn°p∂

Imcyw t\Sphm\mbn Du¿÷w Nnehgn°bpw AXn¬

i≤b¿∏n°pIbpw sNøpIbmWv. ssZhw

hmkvXhØn¬ AhcpsS PohnXØn¬ sNbvhm\m

Kln°p∂Xn¬ \n∂p C]Imcw Ah¿ hyXnNen°p

IbmWv. Bfl\ndhv Bh¿Øn°p∂ Hcp ]Inb

bmbn´mWv Fs^. 5:18 ¬ ho£n®ncn°p∂Xv.

]cnip≤mflmhv Xs‚ hmfmb ssZhhN\ØneqsS

\nb¥n°p∂Xmbn Bfl \ndhns\ a\ nem

°nbm¬, F¥psIm≠mWv Bfl\ndhv Bh¿Øn®p

\S°p∂ H∂msW∂p ImWm≥ Ffp∏ambncn°pw.

G‰p ]dbp∂XneqsS Hcp hnizmkn XncpshgpØpI

fpsS \nb¥ WØnte°v Bh¿Øn®v FØnt®cpI

bmWv.

Hcp hnizmkn Adn™psIm≠v ]cnip≤mflmhns\

Zp:Jn∏n°pItbm sISpØpItbm sNøp∂ns√¶n¬

(hN\w A\pkcn°p∂XneqsS); Hcp hnizmkn

Bfl\ndhns\ A\pkcn®p \S°p∂psh¶n¬

(AhnSpsØ hN\Øm¬ \nb¥n°s∏´v) B

hy‡n ItaWbmbp≈ cq]m¥c]InbbneqsS

IS∂ps]mbv sIm≠ncn°pIbmWv. Cu cq]m¥c

]InbbmWv Bfl\ndhv. CXv bmNn°p∂Xns‚bSn

ÿm\Øn¬ e`n°p∂X√ adn®v, Gev∏n®psImSp°p

∂Xns‚ AYhm ka¿∏n°p∂Xns‚ ASnÿm\Øn

¬ e`n°p∂XmWv. Bflmhns‚ hmfmb hN\Øn\v

ka¿∏n°p∂ HcmfpsS PohnXØn¬ kw`hn°p∂

ImcyamWnXv. hniZoIcn°m\mhmØ A]q¿∆

kw`hßƒ H∂pw C√msX Xs∂ CXp kw`hn°p∂p.

Bfl\ndhn\p≈ ssZhnI ]h¿Ø\hn[Øns‚

kmckØ, ssZhhN\w ]Tn°pIbpw ]tbmKnI

am°pIbpw sNøpI F∂XmWv. CXv _mlyambn

ImWm≥ Ignbp∂ \mSIob ]IS\ßƒ IqSmØ

Xpw AklnjvWcmb BfpIƒ BKln°p∂Xn

s\°mƒ kmh[m\w \S°p∂XpamWv. F∂m¬

BflnI hf¿®bv°p≈ ssZhnIam¿§w CXmWv.

BflnI ]IzXbv°pth≠n, Bsc¶nepw \n¿t±in°p

∂ thZm\pkrXa√mØ, GsXmcp ]h¿Ø\ hn[

sØbpw êØn¬ Ihnbp∂XmWnXv. Fs¥∂m¬,

"Bflmhns‚ eamb InkvXp kam\X (InkvXp

hns\t∏msebmIp∂ A\p`hw) ""BflnbX''sb∂

t]cn¬ hmKvZm\w sNøp∂Xpw thZm\pkrXa√mØ

Xpamb "Znhyi‡n' ""A\p`hßƒ'' F∂nßs\

bp≈ GsXm∂ns\°mfpw hnetbdnbXpamWv.

(5) Bfl\ndhn¬ PohnXØns‚ Zriyamb eßƒ

Bfl\ndhn¬ PohnXØns‚ Zriyêßsf°pdn

®p≈ thZm\pkrX]T\w, InkvXob PohnXsØ

kw_‘n® bmYm¿∞yßsf Dulmt]mlßfn¬

\n∂pw tXm∂epIfn¬ \n∂pw th¿Xncn°m≥

klmbn°pw (AXmbXv km[yambhbpw Akm≤y

ambhbpw XΩn¬)

Cu PohnXØn¬ Hcp hnizmkn°v t\Smhp∂Xv

Fs¥ms°, A√mØXv Fs¥ms° F∂p Xocpam\n

°p∂ DdhnSw XncpshgpØmWv. Bfl\ndhn≥

PohnXØns‚ êßƒ Fs¥ms°bmsW∂v

XncpshgpØv B[mcam°n ]Tn°p∂Xn\m¬,


24 ]cnip≤mflmhns\°pdn®p ]dbp∂ Iev]\IƒASßnb CXc ]pXnb\nba `mKßtfmSv Bfl\ndhv(\nb¥Ww) hy‡ambpw _‘s∏ńcn°p∂p. Bflmhn\m¬ \ndbs∏´ (\nb¥n°s∏´) Hcmƒ hN\tØmSp≈A\pkcWt°Sn\m¬ Bflmhns\ Zp:Jn∏n°pItbmsISpØn°fbpItbm sNøp∂n√. B ]pcpjt\m kvXotbm Bflmhns‚ hN\ßfmb XncpshgpØpItfmSvBibXzØnepw A\pkcW Ønepw \S°p∂p,A¿∞m¬ Bflmhn\m¬ \SØ s∏Sp∂p.

281

]cni≤mfl \nb¥WØn≥ Iognembncn°p

∂Xn\m¬ \nbam\pkrXambn kw`hn°mhp∂

\∑Iƒ GsXms°sb∂v \n¿Wbn°phm≥

Hcmƒ°p km[n°p∂p. amXa√, kp][m\amb

\nebn¬, Cu hnjbw kw_‘n®v, a‰p≈hcpsS

i≤bmI¿jn°m≥ ""BflnbX''bpsS D∂XX

eßfpw A\p`hßfpw t\Sp∂psh∂v I]Sm`n\bw

\SØp∂hcpsSbpw Adnhn√mØhcpsSbpw

AXnitbm‡nIfpw hymPmhImihmZßfpw CXv

shfns∏SpØpIbpw sNøp∂p. Cßs\bp≈

Akm[mcWm\p`hßfmIs´ hy‡ambpw Cu

PohnXØn¬ e`ya√ Xm\pw.

(a) IrXnahpw Iuiehpambn Dfhm°p∂ ""êßƒ''

]iv\ßsfm∂pan√mØ Hcp temItØbv°p≈

BZyNphSphbv∏mWv, Bfl\ndhn≥ PohnXØn¬

Zriyamb Akm[mcWXzßƒ F∂ ho£WKXn

]pe¿Øp∂hcp≠v. Cßs\bp≈h¿°v Xncpshgp

Øv Bizmacpfp∂ns√∂v amXa√, AXv bmXm¿∞y

hpa√. hN\m\pkrXa√mØXpw kz¥w CjvSm\p

kcWhpamb ""Bfl\ndhp'' Imw£n®p sIm≠v,

IjvSXItfm ]bmkßtfm C√mØ Hcp Db¿∂

Ahÿ t\Snsb∂v AhImis∏Sp∂h¿, Xncp

hN\m\pkrXhpw A\p`h]chpamb bmYm¿∞y

Ønte°v Dd°apWcptºmƒ henb \ncmibnte°m

bncn°pw sN∂ps]Sp∂Xv. Cu temIPohnXØn¬

""bmsXmcp Ipdhpan√mØ A\pKlm»n pIsf''

ss__nƒ A\pIqen°p∂n√. Bfl\ndhn≥

PohnXw, AXns‚ G‰hpw ]ISamb \nebn¬

t]mepw ]m]tam IjvSXtbm ehteiw IogS°mØ

PohnXamsW∂ bmsXmcp Nn¥bv°pw AhImian√.

]m]w, ]tem`\w ChbpsS XpS¿am\amb t]mcm´w

D≠mbncn°pw (Kem. 5:17; F_m. 2:18; 4:15; 1 tbml.

1:8, 9). ]m]]IrXnbpsS A\nhmcyamb B[n]Xyw

XI¿°phm\p≈ i‡n Bfl\ndhp \¬Intb°mw,

]s£ AXv ]m]sØtbm ]m]hpambp≈ t]mcm

´Øns‚ BhiyIXsbtbm XpS®p \o°p∂n√.

InkvXob PohnXw AXns‚ G‰hpw A\pIqe

amb\nebn¬ t]mepw thZ\bpw tcmKhpw \nd™

XmWv (tdma. 8:18, 22-˛23; 2 sImcn. 5:2˛4; 12:7˛9).

Ffp∏hpw ]iv\clnXhpamb Hcp BflnI

\nebnte°v PohnXsØ FØn°phm≥ ""Bfl

\ndhv'' BcwànSp∂psh∂v AhImis∏Sp∂h¿

h©n°s∏SpItbm kzbw h©nXcmbnØocpItbm

sNbvIbmWv. ss__nƒ C°mcyw FXtbm

bmYm¿∞yt_m[tØmsSbmWv shfns∏SpØp∂Xv.

""k¿∆ krjvSnbpw C∂phsc Hcpt]mse Rcßn

Cu‰pt\mthmSncn°p∂sh∂p \mw Adnbp∂pht√m.

...\mapw (hnizmknIƒ) D≈n¬... Rcßp∂p'' (tdma.

8:22˛23).

kzm¿∞aXnIfmb BfpIƒ F√m‰nepw DS\Snbp≈

Xr]vXnbmWmhiys∏Sp∂Xv. F∂m¬ DS\Snbp≈

InkvXob ]IzX Fs∂m∂n√. InkvXob hf¿®

A\pZn\ap≈ ]Inbbpw ka¿∏WØns‚

kab]cn[n Dƒs°m≈p∂XpamWv. (^nen. 3:13˛16).

]tXyI \nebnep≈ Hcp \ndhn≥ ]hrØn,

DØc£WØn¬ Ahsc BflnI a√∑m¿ B°n

F∂v AhImis∏Sp∂h¿ kp£nXt_m[an√mØ

htcm, a‰p≈hcpsS i≤bmKln°p∂htcm

bYm¿∞ tbmKyXbn√msX a‰p≈h¿°pta¬

Bflm[nImcw AhImis∏Sm\mKln°p∂htcm

BImw. Bfl\ndhv At∏mkvXem[nImcßfnte

°pw PohnXØns‚ hocy ]hrØnIƒ km[mcW

hpw XpS¿®bmbpw kw`hn°p∂ \nebnseØn°p∂

XpamsW∂v AhImis∏Sp∂h¿ InkvXob

PohnXØns‚ G‰hpw A\pIqe \nebn¬t]mepw

ss__nƒ A\phZn°mØ ImcyßfmWv AhImi

s∏Sp∂Xv.

]pXnb\nba `‡cmb BfpIƒ ZcnZcpw (aØm. 8:

20; eqt°m. 16:20; 2 sImcn. 8:1˛5, 9), ZpjvS∑mcmb

BfpIƒ [\nIcpw (eqt°m.12:16; 16:19; aØm. 19:21)

F∂ \nebn¬ ZrjvSm¥w \¬Ip∂p≠v. Bfl

\ndhn≥ PohnXw ùXnI A\pKlßfnte°pw \S

Øntb°mw. ]s£, AXn\p bmsXmcp Dd∏pw

\¬Ip∂n√. G‰hpw A\pIqe \nebnep≈ Inkv

Xob PohnXw t]mepw henb ipiqjIƒ, [mcmfw

A\pbmbnIƒ, F∂nh Dd∏p \¬Ip∂n√ F∂Xn\p

t\ml, Genbmhv, sb»ømhv, bncaymhv F∂nhcpsS

PohnXw sXfnhmWv. hmkvXhØn¬ hfsc Ipd®p

t]¿ amXsa, Chscsbms° i≤n®ncp∂p≈q.

hnizmknIƒ G‰hpw A\pIqehpw ]ca][m\ambn

D∂Xhpamb InkvXob PohnXw Fs¥ms° e`yam

°pw, Fs¥ms° e`yam°pIn√ F∂v XncphN\]

Imcap≈ ]Xo£Iƒ, ]pe¿Øp∂hcmbncn°Ww.

Bfl\ndhn¬ PohnXw A\pKln°s∏´ Hcp PohnX

amWv. F∂m¬ AXv AX kpKahpw ]iv\clnXhp

amb H∂msW∂p Nn¥nt°≠. hmkvXhØn¬

ssZh\nb¥nXamb Afhn¬ Nne IjvSXIƒ IqSm

sX, icnbmb BflnI ]IzX hcnIbn√ (bmt°m.

1:2˛3; 1 ]sXm. 4:12˛13; 5:10).

(b) Bflmhn¬ \nd™p Pohn°p∂Xns‚ bYm¿∞

êßƒ

D∂Xamb InkvXob PohnXw hfsc A\pKln°

s∏´ BflnI \∑Iƒ Dfhm°pw. C]Imcap≈


282

\ymbamb Bfl\ndhn≥ eßfm¬ kwXr]vX\mb

Hcp hnizmkn, G‰hpa[nIw [\y\mb hy‡nbm

bncn°pw.

Bflmhns‚ G‰hpw ][m\s∏´ Dev]∂w InkvXp

kmZriyamWv (InkvXphns\t∏mse \sΩ B°p

IbmWv). ""Bflmhns‚ ew'' (Kem. 5: 22- 23; nen.

1:11 Ch ImWpI). PohnXØn¬ sNdnb Afhnep≈

Ddt∏m kwXr]vXntbm A√ Dfhm°p∂ sXt∂m¿

°Ww. (At∏m. ]h. 1:8; tdma.15:13; sImsem. 1:11; 1

sX . 1:5). C]Imcap≈ i‡n, Fs¥¶nepw

ImgvNs]cpa tXm∂pamdv, Dfhm°p ∂X√. ]XypX:

hn\btØmsS A\pkcn°p∂Xn \p≈ i‡nbmWv.

ssZhhN\w A\pkcn°phm≥ aXnbmb i‡nbpsS

DdhnSw F∂ \nebn¬ ]cnip≤mflmhn¬ \n∂v,

Bfl\ndhp≈ Hcp hnizmknbv°v, \nc¥cw

i‡nbm¿÷n°mhp∂XmWv. 25

G‰hpw A\pIqeamb InkvXob PohnXw

Bflm°sf t\Sp∂Xn¬ D]IcWambncn°psa∂v

Dd∏p \¬Ip∂n√. F∂ncp∂mepw Bflm°sf

t\SpI F∂Xv km[mcWbmbn BflnbXn¬ \n∂pw

DcpØncnbp∂ ]hWXbmsW∂p IcpXp∂Xn¬

A\uNnXyan√(DZmlcWambn tbml. 15:5

t\m°pI). IqSmsX, I¿Ømhns\°pdn®v a‰p≈

htcmSv A[nIw km£yw ]dbp∂Xpw BflobX

bn¬ \n∂pw hcp∂XmWv (At∏m ]h. 1:8).

AXpt]mse Xs∂ Bflmhn¬ ]m¿∞n°p∂

ImcyØnepw CXp hmkvXhamWv (]cnip≤mflm

hnt\mSv icnbmwhÆw _‘s∏ńcn°p∂ Hcp PohnX

]›mØeØnse ]m¿∞\, Fs^. 6:18, bqZm. 20)

AXmbXv, Bflmhn¬ ]m¿∞n°p∂Xv ]m¿∞

\bpsS ê]m]vXn h¿≤n∏n°pw. Hmtcm ]m¿∞

\bv°pw Dd∏mbn adp]Sn e`n°psa∂Xn\v BflnbX

Dd∏p \¬Ip∂n√sb∂pw adt°≠. F∂m¬

ssZhIev]\Iƒ ]amWn°p∂h¿°v ]m¿∞

\bn¬ henb êw t\Sm≥ Ignbpw (1 tbml. 3:22;

bmt°m. 5:16). Bflobcmb BfpIƒ ssZh

lnXØn\p hncp≤sa∂dnbmhp∂Xpw kzm¿∞

]chpamb ]m¿∞\Iƒ \o°n°fbpw (bmt°m. 4:

3; 1 tbml. 5:14˛15). IqSmsX, ]cnip≤mflmhn\m¬

\nb¥n°s∏SmØ PohnXØn¬ ]m¿∞\

êIcambncn°bn√ (k¶o. 66:18; 1 ]sXm. 3:12).

C]Imcw Bfl\ndhv, Hmtcm ]m¿∞\bv°pw

A\pIqeamb adp]Sn Dd∏p \¬Ip∂ns√¶nepw

s]mXphmb BibØn¬ hfsc h¿≤nXamb

ê]m]vXn ]m¿∞\bn¬ \¬Ip∂p≠v.

c£bpsS \n¿ÆbamWv DZmØamb InkvXob

PohnXØn¬ \n∂pw DcpØncnbp∂ A\pKl

ßfpsS as‰mcp hiw. hnizmkimkvX]T\w

InkvXob hnizmksØ ]n¥mßp∂ hkvXp

\njvTamb hnhcßƒ \¬Ip∂Xmbncn°sh,

JWvUnXamb \n›bZm¿UyXbn¬ hnjbm\pkr

Xamb \n¿ÆbØn¬ FØnt®tc≠Xn\v ]cnip

≤mfl klmbw AXy¥w A\nhmcyamWv.

]cnip≤mflmhns‚ \nb¥WØn¬ Iognembncn°p

∂hcpsS lrZbßfn¬ ]cnip≤mflmhv c£bpsS

\n¿Æbw Dfhm°p∂p (tdma. 8:16; Kem. 4:6; 1 tbml.

5:7, 10 F∂nh t\m°pI).

ssZhØns‚ ]tXyI lnXsØ°pdn®v ]q¿Æamb

Hcp N¿® ChnsS Dƒs∏SpØm\mhn√. F∂ncp

∂mepw ssZhlnXw Is≠Øphm\pff henb

]m]vXn, Bflmhns\ A\pkcn®p \S°p∂Xns‚

êßfnsem∂mWv ^nen. 2:13 ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv.

""C—n° F∂Xpw ]h¿Øn° F∂Xpw \nßfn¬

ssZhat√m Xncphpffw D≠mbn´p ]h¿Øn°p∂Xv''

F∂mWv. ssZhw \ΩpsS ]mXIsf t\scbm°n

\nb¥n°p∂h\mWv (kZr. 3:5˛6; 16:9; k¶o. 37:5,6).

Hcp hnizmknbpsS PohnXØn¬ ]cnip≤mflm hp

]h¿Øn°phm\mKln°p∂ cq]m¥c]Inb,

""\∑bpw ]kmZhpw ]q¿ÆXbpap≈ ssZhlnXw

C∂sX∂p Xncn®dnbp∂Xnte°p \bn°p∂XmWv

(tdma. 12:1˛3; 2 sImcn. 3:18; Cu ]Inbbn¬

Bflmhns‚ ]¶v Fs¥∂dnbm≥ Cu `mKßƒ

t\m°pI). ""hnizmkØns‚ Afhv HmtcmcpØ¿°v

hyXykvXambn´mWp ]¶nńcn°p∂Xpw (tdma. 12:3).

Bflss[cyw F∂ BibØnepw ChnsS hnizmk

sØ Z¿in°mw. Hcmƒ°p e`n®ncn°p∂ Ir]mhcß

tfmSp≈ _‘Ønepw InkvXob kzmX¥ysØ°p

dn®v hy‡n]camb t_m[ytØmSp≈ _‘Ønepw

Aßs\bmWp a\ nem°p∂Xv (tdma. 14:23).

ssZhØns‚ s]mXphmb shfn∏mSp kw_‘nt®m

]tXyI shfn∏mSp kw_‘nt®m, Bfl\ndhp≈

hnizmknIƒ A⁄cmIphm≥ t]mIp∂n√.

(Bflmhn\m¬ \ndbphn≥ F∂ Iev]\bv°p apºp

]dbp∂ Fs^. 5:17 t\m°pI) Bflmhn\m¬

\nb¥n°s∏SmØ hyhÿIƒ a\ nem°ptbm

Is≠ØpItbm sNtø≠Xn√.

]cnip≤mflmhv Hcp hnizmknsb \ndbv°p∂

(\nb¥n°p∂) ]InbbpsS `mKamWv ]Imi\w.


25 ]cnip≤mflmhmw ssZhw \ΩpsS _eamWv (ssZhwhnizmknIfpsS i‡nbmsW∂p shfns∏SpØp∂]gb\nba hmIyßƒ t\m°pI. ]pd. 15:2; k¶o. 46:1;118:14; s\l. 8:10).

283

hkvXpXm]cambn F¥v Dƒs°m≈p∂psh∂√

Gdnb]¶pw ]cnip≤mflmhp ]Imi\w \¬Ip∂Xv.

(AXv 2 Xnsam. 2:15 BZnbmb `mKßfn¬ \n∂pw

Kln°mhp∂XmWv) adn®v, XncpshgpØpIfpsS

BflnI]m[m\yw, ]k‡n F∂nhbnemWv

Bflmhp ]Imi\w \¬Ip∂Xv. hy‡n]cambn

XncpshgpØpIƒ FXtbm ][m\amsW∂v

]cnip≤mflmhp hnizmknIsf ]Tn∏n°phm\mK

ln°p∂p. \ΩpsS a\ pIsf ]cnip≤mflmhv

InkvXphns‚ kmZriyØnte°v cq]m¥cs∏SpØp

∂Xns‚ `mKamWnXv.

F∂m¬ XncpshgpØpIfpsS h¿≤nXamb

]Imi\w Bfl\ndhns‚ êambn \ap°v Xcw

Xncn°m hp∂XmWv. FgpXs∏´ hN\Øm¬

]cnip≤mflmhv \ndbv°pItbm \nb¥n°pItbm

sNøp∂p. B ]Inbbn¬ \nb¥n°s∏Sp∂

hy‡nsb, hN\sØ°pdn®p Xs∂ IqSpXembn

XpS¿am\ambn ]Tn∏n°pIbw sNøp∂p. C]Imcw,

Bfl\ndhn≥ PohnX êambn ssZhhN\

sØ°pdn®p≈ henb BkzmZ\hpw ]mtbmKnI

Kmlyhpw Dfhm°p∂p (1 sImcn. 2:15; 1 tbml. 2:20,

27). ]Imi\sa∂Xv ]cnip≤mflmhns‚ ][m\s∏´

Hcp ipiqjbmWv. ASpØ `mKØv CXv ]tXyIw

]cma¿in®ncn°p∂p.

Bfl\ndhn≥ PohnXw henb A\pKlamWp

Dfhm°p∂Xv. bYm¿∞ BflnI aqeyßsf

hneaXn°mØhcpw D≠v. AXpsIm≠v D¬IrjvS

amsbmcp InkvXob PohnXØn\v bYm¿∞Øn¬

F¥p \¬Im≥ Ignbpsa∂Xn¬ Ah¿°v k¥pjvS

amb Hcp [mcWbn√. AXnepw A[nIamWv Ah¿

At\zjn°p∂Xv. am\knIambn A`nejWobsa∂v

Ah¿ ]cnKWn°p∂ Xcw êapfhm°p∂ Bfl

\ndhmWv Ah¿°p th≠Xv.

F∂p hcnInepw, BflnI ap≥KW\Iƒ kw_‘n

®v IrXyamb Aht_m[ap≈ hnizmknIƒ, ssZhw

\¬Iphm\mKln°p∂ A\pKlßfpsS AXn

alØmb \nt£]ßƒ Xncn®dnbpI Xs∂ sNøpw.

G‰hpw D∂Xamb InkvXob PohnXØns‚

thZm[njvTnXhpw \nbam\pkrXhpamb êßfn¬

Ah¿ kwXr]vXcmbncn°pw. F¥psIms≠∂m¬

hnIrXhpw PUnIhpamb ]cnip≤mfl imkvXsØ

]n¥mßp∂h¿ \¬Ip∂ hneIpd™ hmKvZm\ß

sf°mƒ apIfn¬ ]d™ hN\m[njvTnX êß

fpsS AXy¥w DXvIrjvSamb aqeyw a\ nem°p∂

hnizmknIfmWh¿.

A\mflnIcmb InkvXym\nIƒ kzoIcnIm\mKln

°p∂Xns\°mƒ ssZhw \¬Iphm\mKln°p∂

A\pKlßƒ FXtbm A[nIw hnetbdnbh

bmWv (tIhew I]Sthj[mcnIƒ F∂p ]dbmXncn

°m\mWv A\mflnIcmb InkvXym\nIƒ F∂v

]cma¿in®ncn°p∂Xv). Bflmhns‚ êw, ]cnip

≤mfl km∂n≤yw, A\pkcn°phm\p≈ i‡nbpsS

DdhnSw, Bflm°sf t\SpI, ]m¿∞\bnepff

h¿≤nXamb ê]m]vXn, c£bpsS \n¿Æbw,

PohnXØn¬ ssZhlnXsØ°pdn®p≈ icnbmb

Znimt_m[w, XncpshgpØpIfpsS ]Imi\w,

Chbpw CXne[nIhpw Bfl\ndhn¬ PohnXØns‚

hN\m[njvTnXêßfmWv. F¥psIm≠mWv Nne¿

AkwXr]vXcmbn Bflmhns‚ ""hntij shfn∏mSp

Iƒ'' At\zjn°p∂sX∂v a\ nem°phm≥

hnjaap≠v. F∂m¬ Ah bmYm¿∞yØn¬ A[nIw

BflnI aqeyw Dffhb√. ]XypX: Aev]w amXw

D≈hbmWv. AXpt]mse Xs∂ Ah A[nIw

AXnib\obhpambncn°p∂n√. hmkvXhØn¬

InkvXob PohnXØns‚ G‰hpw A\pIqeÿn

Xnbn¬ t]mepw kw`hn°m≥ km≤yXbp≈

ImcyßfpsS ]cn[nbn¬ \n∂p XncpshgpØpIƒ

Hgnhm°p∂ ˛ X≈n°fbp∂ ˛ ImcyßfmWh.

(6) Bfl\ndhnt\mSv (\nb¥Ww) _‘s∏´p≈

hnjbßƒ

(a) ]Imi\w

]cnip≤mflmhv kXyØns‚ ]ImiI\pw A≤ym

]I\pamWv. Bfl\ndhns‚ XpS¿am\amb êam

tbm, Bfl\nb¥WØns‚ (\ndhv) ]Inbbn¬

kp][m\amsbmcp ]Snbmtbm ]cnip≤mflmhn¬

\n∂p≈ ]Imi\sØ ho£n°mw. ssZhhN\Øm

¬ \ndbs∏Sphmt\m \nb¥n°s∏Sphmt\m,

hnizmknIfpsS Kmlyi‡nsb (lrZbZrjvSnsb)

]cnip≤mflmhv hN\Ønte°v ˛ hN\Øn\mbn˛

]Imin∏n°p∂p. F¶nepw FXbpa[nIw hN\

Øm¬ \nb¥n°s∏Sptam AXbpa[nIw kXy

Øns‚ hntijmep≈ ]Imi\w D≠mIpw.

Imcyßƒ a\ nem°p∂Xneptasd Bibßƒ

\ndhn¬ Dƒs°m≈n®n´p≠v. \ndbs∏Sphm≥

(\nb¥n°s∏Sphm≥) B hN\tØmSv ]XnIcWw

(AXmbXv ka¿∏Ww As√¶n¬ Iogvs∏S¬)

BhiyamWv. C]Imcw \ndhpw ]Imi\hpw

Xpeym¿∞ ]Zßf√. tIhew ]Imi\sa∂Xn

s\°mƒ hfsctbsd Imcyßƒ \ndhn¬ ASßn

bn´p≠v. F¶nepw \ndhn≥ (\nb¥Ww) ]Inbbn

te°p≈ AXymhiy ]Snbmbn ]Imi\w D≠mtb


284

aXnbmhq. \ndbv°phm\mbn (\nb¥Ww) Bflmhp

]Imi\w \¬Ip∂p.

tbml. 14:26; 15:26˛27; 16: 12˛14; 1 sImcn. 2:6˛13 F∂o

thZ`mKßƒ, At∏mkvXe∑m¿°v Znhy

"shfn∏mSp'\¬Ip∂ ipiqjsb°pdn®mWp

]dbp∂sX∂pw km[mcW hnizmknIƒ°p

e`n°p∂ ]Imi\a√ AhnsS ]cma¿i

hnjbsa∂pw FgpØpImc≥ hnizkn°p∂p.

F∂ncp∂mepw ]cnip≤mflmhv F√m hnizmkn

Isfbpw D]tZin°p∂psh∂p Nq≠n°mWn°m≥

[mcmfw sXfnhpIfp≠v.

""F∂m¬ ]mIrXa\pjy≥ ssZhmflmhns‚

D]tZiw ssIs°m≈p∂n√. AXv Ah\p

t`mjXzw BIp∂p. BflnIambn hnthNnt°

≠XmIbm¬ AXv Ah\p Kln∏m≥ Ignbp

∂Xpa√. BflnIt\m kIesØbpw hnthNn

°p∂p. Xm≥ Bcmepw hnthNn°s∏Sp∂

Xpan√'' (1 sImcn. 2:14˛15).

""\nßtfm ]cnip≤mflmhn\m¬ A`ntjIw

]m]n®p kIehpw Adnbp∂p... Ah\m¬

]m]n® A`ntjIw \nßfn¬ hkn°p∂p;

Bcpw \nßsf D]tZin∏m≥ Bhiyan√.

Ahs‚ A`ntjIw Xs∂ \nßƒ°p

kIehpw D]tZin®p XcnIbmepw AXp

\nßsf D]tZin®Xpt]mse \nßƒ Ah\n¬

hkn∏n≥'' (1 tbml. 2:20, 27).

]cnip≤mflmhns‚ ]Imi\ ipiqjbv°v sX‰mb

Du∂¬ \¬Ip∂Xn¬ Hcp A]ISw ]Xnbncn∏p≠v.

tam¿tam¨ hnizmknbmb Hcmƒ Cu FgpØp

Imct\mSv Hcn°¬ C]Imcw ]dbpIbp≠mbn:

tam¿tamWnkw kXyambncn°Ww; Fs¥∂m¬

""]cnip≤mflmhv AsX°pdn®v Hcp \√ A\p`qXn

F\n°p \¬IpIbp≠mbn.'' !

]Imi\w shfn∏mS√; AXv Bfl\nizkvXXbpa√;

thZ]T\Øns‚ _p≤n]camb LSIßƒ AXns‚

]mYanI Xmev]cyßfpw A√. Cu Imcyw \mw

Xncn®dntb≠Xp≠v. a\pjy\v a‰p\nebn¬

Adnbm≥ ]mSn√mØ kXyßƒ ssZhw ]I¿∂p

sImSp°p∂XmWp shfn∏mSv. ssZhw At∏mkvX

e∑m¿°pw ]hmNI∑m¿°pw kXyßƒ shfns∏Sp

Øns°mSpØp. Bfl\nizmkobXsb∂Xv Xs‚

shfn∏mSv tcJs∏SpØp∂ ]Inbbn¬ ssZhØns‚

ta¬t\m´sØ hy‡am°p∂p. XZzmcm AXv

sX‰pIqSmsX tcJbm°n F√m ssZhP\Øn\pw

Gev∏n®ncn°p∂p. Bfl\nizkvXamb shfn∏mSv

a\ nem°m≥ ssZhP\sØ ]m]vXns∏SpØp∂

ssZh]hrØnbmWv ]Imi\w. Hcp ]pXnb

shfn∏mSp e`n°pIsbt∂m, A]Imcap≈ ]pXnb

shfn∏mSv tcJbm°m≥ Bfl\nizkvX (ssZhizm

kobX) e`n°p∂psht∂m ]Imi\Øn\v A¿∞an

√. sX‰pIqSmsX, ap∂sa tcJbm°nb shfn∏mSnt∑

¬ (ss__nƒ) icnbmb Kmlyw Dfhm°pIbmWv

]Imi\Øns‚ e£yw. Kmlyi‡nsb∂p

]dbptºmƒ lrZbZrjvSn°p≠mIp∂ ]Imi\w

F∂v AXn\v ]pjvSns∏SpØn ]dtb≠Xv Bhiy

amWv.

XncpshgpØpIƒ _p≤n]cambn Kln°p∂Xnt\mSv

]cnip≤mflmhns‚ ipiqj _‘s∏´ncn°p∂p.

hnip≤ ss__nƒ a\ nem°p∂Xn\mhiyamb

in£Ww (Bfl\nb¥Ww) ]cnip≤mflmhp

\¬Ip∂p (Kem 5:22˛23). kXyØn\pth≠nbp≈

hni∏pw Zmlhpw ]cnip≤mflmhp Dfhm°p∂p.

thZ]pkvXIØnse hkvXpXIƒ a\ nem°m≥

Hcp hnizmknsb PmKcqI\m°p∂p. F∂m¬ Bfl-

]Imi\-Øn¬ Du∂¬ \¬Ip-∂Xv as‰mcp Zni-bn-

em-Wv, AXv _p≤n-tbmSp hfsc _‘s∏´n-cn-°p-∂n√,

F∂m¬ hnIm-cßtfmSpw C—-tbm-Sp-amWv IqSp-X¬

_‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

ssZh-h-N-\-Ønse kXy-ßƒ a\- n-em-°p-hm≥

hN\w hmbn-°p-Ibpw ]Tn-°p-Ibpw sNø-W-sa-∂p≈

ssZh-h-N-\-Ønse Iev]-\sb Bfl-]-Im-i\w F∂

ssZh-h-N\ D]tZiw \o°n-°-fbp∂n√(-F-k. 7:10

k¶o. 1:2˛3; aØmbn 4:4; 1 Xn-sam. 4:13, 15; 5:17; 2 Xn-

sam. 2:15; 1 ]sXm. 2:2). hne-tbdnb hN\w ]Tn-°mØ

hnizm-kn-Isf ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv ss__n-fnse A¿∞-

h-Ømb Bi-bßƒ ]Tn∏n°p-∂n-√ amX-a√ Bfl-

]-Im-i\w IqSm-sXbpw ssZh-h-N-\-Ønse kXyßƒ

Hcmƒ°v a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. Hcp Ahn-izm-kn-

bmb NcnX-Im-c≥ InkvXym-\n-Xz-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈

kXy-ßƒ IrXyambn Ah-X-cn∏n°p-tºmgpw eqY-

dns‚ hnizm-k-Øm-ep≈ \oXo-I-c-W-sØ-°p-dn®v Hcp

en_d¬ ]WvUnX≥ IrXy-ambn a\- n-em-°p-tºmgpw

AXv kw`-hn-°p-∂p. Hcp skan-\mcn hnZym¿∞n

G‰hpw Db¿∂ am¿°v t\Sp-hm≥ ss__nƒ ]Tn-

°p-tºmgpw iºfw hmßp-hm≥ th≠n amXw Hcp

ipiq-j-I≥ D]-tZ-i-]-c-ambn IrXyamb D]tZiw

Xømdm°p-tºmgpw Bfl-]-Im -i\w IqSmsX

_p≤n]cam-bn- p≈ ss__nƒ ⁄m\-amWv e`n-°p-

∂-Xv. hnImc-]-c-ambn ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ aqeyhpw

at\m-lmcnXbpw a\- n-em°n ssZh-h-N\w A\p-k-

cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ kw`hn°p∂ ]cm-P-b-tØmfw henb

]cmP-b-ambn _p≤n-sIm≠v a\- n-em°n AXv A\p-

k-cn -°p -∂-Xn¬ kw`-hn -°p∂ ]cm -P -bsØ


285

Bfl]Im-i\w F∂ hnjbØns‚ \n¿∆N\-

sØ°pdn®v ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ thZ- m-K-ßfn¬ ImWp-

∂n-√.

Iqins‚ hN\w \in®pt]mIp∂h¿°v t`mj

Xzhpw c£n°s∏Sp∂ \apt°m ssZhi‡n

bpamIp∂p (1- sIm-cn. 1:18).

F∂m¬ ]mIrXa\pjy≥ ssZhmflmhns‚

D]tZiw ssIs°m≈p∂n√; AXv Ah\v

t`mjXzamIp∂p. BfloIambn hnthNnt°

≠XmIbm¬ AXv Ah\v Kln∏m≥ Ignbp∂

Xpa√. BfloIt\m kIesØbpw hnthNn

°p∂p ; Xm≥ Bcmepw hnthNn°s∏Sp

∂Xpan√ (1 sImcn. 2:14- 15).

1- sIm-cn. 1:18- ¬ kphnti-j-k-Xyßƒ Hcp Ahn-izmkn

Adn -bp -∂n√ F∂v ]d-™n-´n -√. InkvXp

ssZh]pX\m-sW∂v ]Jym]n®Xv Ahn-izmkn

_p≤n]cambn AwKo-I-cn®p F∂p hcmw. ""acWw,

AS°w, ]p\cp∞m\w'' Ch-sb-¥m-sW∂v Ah\v Hcp

]t£ A-dn-bmw. Hcp Ahn-izm-kn°v kphn-tijw

Kln-°p-hm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-X√; AXv Ah\v ""t`mj-Xz-

amWv'' (Ko°v hm°v samtdm¨) AXv Ah\v ]cn-

lm-k-hn-j-bhpw bp‡nclnXhpw ]k-‡n-bn-√m-

ØXpambn tXm∂mw.

1 sImcn. 2:14˛¬ ImWp-∂Xv Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ ssZh-

Øns‚ D]-tZiw ssIsIm-≈p∂n-s√-∂mWv. Ah¿°v

XncpshgpØnse kXyßƒ icnbmbn A]K[n°p

hm\pw IgnIbn√. ""ssIsIm≈pI'' F∂p ]d-™m¬

""kzmKXw sNøpI'' F∂-m-Wv A¿∞w(-Im-Wp-I

aØm-bn 10:14, 40 18:5). Hcmƒ°v ssZh-h-N\w a\- n-

em-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂n-s√-∂p-≈-X√ ]iv\w AXv icn-

bmbn hne-bn-cp-Øp-hm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-Xm-Wv. Hcp

Ahnizm-kn°v efn-X-ambn ss__nƒ kXyßƒ

_p≤n-]-c-ambn Kln-°p-hm≥ Ignbpw, F∂m¬

AXns\ Ah≥ AwKo-I-cn-°p-Itbm kzmKXw sNøp-

Itbm sNøp-∂n-√ ImcWw Ah≥ AXns\ icn-bmbn

hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂n-√. _p≤n]cambn Nnet∏mƒ a\- n-

em -°n -tb°mw. F∂m¬ hnIm -c -ßƒ AXv

BKln°p-Itbm C— AXns\ AwKo-I-cn-°p-Itbm

sNøp-∂n-√. Ahn-izmkn _p≤n]cambn a\- n-em-°n-

sb∂p hcmw, Ahs‚ hnIm-c-ßfpw C—bpw ssZh-

h-N-\-k-Xyßsf bp‡n-lo-\-ambpw ]cn-lm-k -hn-j-

bambpw, CjvS -s∏-Sm -Ø-Xmbpw ]q¿Æ-ambpw

A¿∞cln-Xhpw ]k-‡n-bn-√m-Ø-Xmbpw ImWp-∂p.

1 sImcn. 2:14˛¬ ImWp∂ ""hnth-Nn-°pI'' F∂

]tbm-Khpw ImWn°p-∂Xv Bfl]Imi\w hnIm-c-

ß-sfbpw C—-sbbpw _m[n-°p-∂-Xpt]mse _p≤n-

tbmSv _‘s∏Sp-∂n√ F∂m-Wv. hnkvX-cn-°pI F∂

\nb-a-]-c-amb A¿∞-am-Wp-≈-Xv(-A-s∏m. 4:9, 12:19; 17:11,

24:8). Bfl]Im-i\an√m-sXbpw Hcmƒ°v kphn-ti-

jhpw InkvXo-b -D-]-tZ-ihpw [m¿Ωn-I-Xbpw Adn-

bp-hm≥ Ignbpw, F∂m¬ Cu kXy-ßsf hne-bn-cp-

Øp-hm\pw hnth-Nn-°p-hm\pw icnbmb A¿∞hpw

e£yhpw Is≠-Øp-hm\pw Ign-bp-∂n-√. Ah\v

_p≤n]cambn ss__nƒ Kln-°p-hm≥ Ign -

t™°mw. F∂m¬ Ah≥ AXns\ kzmKXw sNøp-

Itbm AwKo-I-cn-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂n-√. Ah≥ Xs‚

C—m-i-‡n-sIm≠v kzoI-cn-°p-Itbm AXns\ AwKo-

I-cn-°ptbm sNøp-∂n-√.

ss__nƒ kXy-ßsf _p≤n]c-ambn AwKoI-cn-°p-

∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ D]-cn-bmWv ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ Bfl-

]-Im-i-\-sa∂v Hcp hnizmkn a\- n-em-°-Ww. ssZh-

h-N-\ -Øns‚ ]m[m-\yw, Bh-iy -I-X, hne,

hy‡n]camb ]k‡n, alXzw, at\m-lmcnX Ch-

sb√mw Hcp hnizm-knsb ImWn°Ø°-h-Æ-amWv

]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv Bfl]Im-i\w \¬Ip-∂-Xv. PUn-

I-\mb hnizm-kn°v ss__nƒ kXyßƒ _p≤n-]-c-

ambn a\ nem-°m≥ Ign-bpw. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-\m¬

]Tn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂ InkvXym\n Cu kXyßfpsS

hy‡n-]-c-amb ]m[m\yhpw, Cu hN-\ßƒ A\p-

k-cn-°p-tºmƒ kw -hn-°p∂ hy‡n-]-c-amb am‰ßfpw

a\- n-em-°p∂p. Hcp hmN-I-Øns‚ A¿∞w ssZh-

im-kvX-]-c-ambn a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ PUn-I-\mb hnizm-

kn°v _p≤n-]cambn Ign-bpw. F∂m¬ Bfln-I-\mb

hnizmkn B ssZh-h-N\w hnth-Nn-®-dnbphm\pw D]-

tZ-i]cambn B hN-\-Øns‚ kzo[n-\hpw C∂sØ

bYm¿∞ temI-Øn¬ Pohn-X-Øn-ep≈ ssZh-]-hr-

Øn-sbbpw Adn-bp-hm\pw Ign-bpw.

ss__n-fns‚ kn≤m-¥-]camb ]T-\-Øn\pw ]cn-ip-

≤m-flmhv klm-bn-°p-sa-¶nepw Xs‚ ]Tn-∏n-°epIƒ

AXn-ep]cnbm-Wv. ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ BfloI

]cn⁄m\w, Bfln-I -a-l-Xzw, BfloI A¿∞w Ch

Bflo-I-\mb a\p-jy\p a\- n-em-IØ°- \n-e-bn¬

]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p.

(b) -]cn-ip-≤m-flmhn\m¬ e`n-°p∂ hy‡n]camb

"\SØn∏v'

ssZh-h-N-\-Øm¬ \sΩ \nb-¥n-°phm≥ ]cnip-≤m-

flmhv BK-ln-°p∂p F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ F√m

hnizm-kn-Ifpw ]cnip≤mfl \S-Øn-∏p-≈-h-cm-Wv(-tdm-

a¿. 8:14, Kem. 5:18). ]mY-ao-I-ambn ssZh-h-N-\-Øn-

eqsS ]cnip-≤m-flmhv \sΩ ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw hgn \S-

Øp-Ibpw \nb-¥n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. ssZh-h-N-\-

Øns‚ t\cn-´p≈ ]Tn∏n°ep-Iƒ°v A∏pdambn


286

GsX-¶nepw am¿§\n¿t±iw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚

ipiq-j-bn¬ Dƒs∏- n- pt≠m? Hcp hy‡nsb ]tXy-

In®v Akm-[m-c-W-ambn ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv \bn°m-

dpt≠m?

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-\m¬ Hmtcm hy‡nbpw \S-Ø-

s∏Sp∂p F∂p-≈Xv kw -hy-a-s√∂v Nne¿ hniz-kn-

°p-∂p. ssZh-h-N-\-Øn-eqsS ]cnip≤mflmhv

\¬Ip∂ am¿§\n¿t±iØn¬ amX-ambn ]cn-ip-≤m-

flm-hns‚ \S-Øn-∏ns\ Ah¿ HXp-°p-∂p. ]cn-ip-≤m-

flm-hns‚ hy‡n]camb \SØn∏nt\mSp

_‘s∏´p≈ Adn-hp-tI-Sp-Ifpw a\-]q¿∆-ap≈ Zp¿hn-

\n-tbm-Kßfpw Hgn-hm-°n-bm¬ hy‡n]cambp≈ ]cn-

ip-≤mfl \S-Øn∏ns\ ]q¿Æambn Hgn-hm-°p∂Xv

AXncpIS∂ ]Xn-I-c-W-ambn Fgp-Øp-Imc≥

IcpXp∂p. Cu hnj-b-Øn-ep≈ Zp¿hn\n-tbm-KsØ

i≤-tbm-sSbp≈ \n¿t±-ißƒ aqew shń-°p-d-bv°p-

hm≥ Ign-bpw.

(i) tIƒ°p∂ i_vZßfn-eq-sS-bp≈ \S-Øn∏v

Cu k`mbp-K-Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv i_vZw tIƒ∏n®v

AXp-t]mse Z¿i-\ßƒ \¬In \S-Øm-dpt≠m?

ssZh-Øn\v Hcp ]tXy-I-\n-e-bn¬ ]h¿Øn-°p-hm≥

Ign-bp-I-bn√ F∂p ]d™v ssZhsØ Hcp s]ń-bn-

em-°p-hm≥ ian-°p-∂Xv \mw i≤nt°≠-Xm-Wv.

ssZhw i_vZ-Øn-eqsS Bi-b-hn-\n-abw \S-Øp-hm≥

km≤y-X-bp-s≠-∂n-cn -°p-tºmƒ, Aß-s\-bp≈

Bib-hn-\n-absØ°pdn®p≈ \ΩpsS Adn-hns\

\nb¥n°p∂ Nne Bflo-I-k-Xy-ß-fp-≠v.

H∂m-a-Xmbn C∂v At∏mkvXe-∑mtcm ]hm-N-I-

∑mtcm C√. Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂‰ I¿Øm-hns\ I≠-h-

cmWv At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿(-Im-WpI As∏m. 1:21- 22, 1

sIm-cn. 9:1). Cu tbmKy-Xbp≈ Ah-km-\sØ hy‡n

]utem-km-Wv(1- sIm-cn. 15:8). k -bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-

Øns‚ `mK-am-Wv- As∏m-kvX-e-∑mcpw ]hm-N-I-

∑mcpw(F-s^. 2:20). k`bv°v shfn∏mSv \¬Ip-hm-

\p≈ D]-I-c-W-ß-fm-bncp∂p Ah¿(-Im-WpI tbml-

∂m≥ 14- 16; Fs^. 3:5). Hcp ]pkvXIw ]pXn-b- \nba-

Im-t\m-\n¬ Dƒs∏-Sp -Ø-W-sa-¶n¬ AXv Hcp

As∏mkvX-e-\mtbm As√-¶n¬ As∏mkvX-enI

A[n-Im-c-Øns‚ Iogntem Fgp-Xs∏ -Xm-bn-cn-°-Ww.

Ct∏mƒ At∏mkvX-e-∑mtcm ]hm-N-I-∑mtcm C√m-

ØXp-sIm≠v apgp-h≥ k`bv°pw _m[-I-amb \ne-

bn¬ bmsXmcp B[p\nI sh-fn∏mSp-Ifpan√, F∂m¬

]q¿Æ-ambpw hy‡n-]-c-amb \ne-bn¬ i_vZ-

ØneqsSbp≈ shfn∏mSn\p≈ km≤y-X-bps≠¶n¬

Xs∂ a‰p≈-h-cp-sS-ta¬ A[n-Imcw hc-Ø-°-- \n-e-

bn¬ B[n-Im-cn-I-am-bn´p≈ shfn∏msS∂ \ne-bn¬

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn¬ \n∂v ]m]n-®-Xmbn bmsXm∂p-an√.

AXpsIm≠v Hcp t\Xm-sh∂ \ne-bn¬ ]pXnb

shfn∏mSpw ]pXnb A[n-Im-chpw e`n-®p F∂p ]d-

™psIm≠v a‰p≈-h¿°v shfn∏mSv \¬In-bm¬ AXv

]q¿Æ-ambpw Hgn -hm -°-Ww. Ct∏mgpw ssZh-

Øn¬\n∂v hy‡n-]cambn i_vZ-Øn-eq-sS-bp≈

shfn∏mSv e`n-°p-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ AXv ]q¿Æ-ambpw

hy‡n-]-c-am-bn-cn-°-Ww. k`-bv°p≈ A[n-Imcw

At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cmepw ]hm-NI-∑m-cmepw \¬Is∏´

]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn\p amX-am-bn-cn-°pw. Xß-sf-°p-dn-

®p≈ ssZh-ln-X-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ Hcmƒ°v

]pXnb Hcp shfn∏mSv e`n®p F∂p Ah-Im-is∏´m¬

InkvXo-b-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ Aßs\-bp-≈-h¿°v A‘-

ambn ASn-a-s∏-S-cp-Xv. AXv NXnhmWv.

as‰mcp ]cnK-W\ CXm-Wv, ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv t\cn-

´p≈ shfn∏mSv \¬Ip-tºmƒ(-F-∂m¬ XnI®pw

hy‡n-]-cw)CXmWv ]cnip-≤m-flm-hns‚ s]mXp-hm-

bn- p≈ km[m-cW ]h¿Ø-\-sa∂v Bcpw ]Xo-£n-

°-cp-Xv. ]cnip-≤m-flm-hns‚ H∂m-asØ \S-Øn∏v

ssZh-h-N-\-Øn-eq-sS-bm-Wv. c≠ma-Xmbn ]cn-ip-≤m-

flmhv i_vZclnX-amb t]c-W-Ifpw tXm∂-ep-Iƒ

\¬Ip-∂p (A-SpØ `mKw ImWp-I). \mw Ct∏mƒ

As∏mkvX-enI Ime-L-´-Øn-e√ Pohn-°p-∂-Xp

F∂Xp-sIm≠v i_vZ-Øn-eq-sS-bp≈ hy‡n-]camb

shfn∏mSp -Iƒ kw`-hn -°p-tºmƒ AXv hfsc

A]q¿∆amb Hcp ]Xn- m-k-amWv. AXpt]mse AXv

]cnip-≤m-flm-hns‚ km[mcW ]-h¿Ø-\- co-Xnbpw

A√. kwi-bmkv]Zamb kz`m-hsØ \ymbo-I-cn-°p-

hm-\pw(-D-Zm. ]W-∏n-cnhv \S-Ø-W-sa∂v ssZhw ]d-

™-Xmbn'' Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp∂ kphn-ti-j-I∑m¿)

a‰p≈h-cpsS i≤ t\Sp-hm-\p≈ am¿§-ambpw Bi-

b-°p-g-∏w hcpØp∂ \ne-bnepw ssZhw kwkm-cn®p

F∂p≈ Ah-Im-i-hm-Zßfn¬ A[n-I]¶n-s\bpw

X≈n-°-f-bp-hm≥ Fgp-Øp-Im-c\p CS-bm-bn- p-≠v.

ssZhm-flmhv kwkm-cn® shfn-∏m-Sns‚ F√m tbmKy-

X-I-fp-s≠-¶nepw AXv ]q¿Æ-ambpw I¿i-\-ambpw

hy‡n]camb shfn∏mSmbncn°pw Aßs\-bp≈

shfn-∏m-Sp-Iƒ Atßb‰w hnc-f-am-bn-cn-°pw.F∂mepw

]cnip≤mfl i_vZØneqsS kwkmcn°phm\p≈

km[yX C∂pap≠v. Aßs\bp≈ AhImi

hmZßsf X≈n°fbphm≥ FgpØpImc\v bmsXmcp

_m[yXbpw C√. F∂m¬ X\n°p e`n® ktµiw

as‰mcmƒ°p≈XmWv Fs∂mcmƒ AhImis∏´m¬

Abmƒ Xń∏pImc\mWv. XpS¿®mbmbn ssZhw

Ft∂mSv i_vZØneqsS kwkmcn°p∂p F∂v

Bsc¶nepw AhImis∏´m¬ AXv hniz\oba√.

F∂m¬ H‰s∏´Xpw hy‡n]chpamb Bibhn\na


287

bØn\p hnizmkobXbp≠v. Cßs\bp≈ hy‡n

]camb shfn∏mSpIƒ e`n® ]utemkv Xs‚

A\p`hsØ°pdn®v ]iwkn®n√. 14 h¿jw AXns\

°pdn®v Xm≥ kwkmcn®n√ amXa√ AXns\°pdn®v

kwkmcn®t∏mgpw F√m hnhncßfpw hniZoIcn°p

∂n√(2 sImcn. 12). thKØnepw hym]Iambpw kzb

]iwk e`n°phm\p≈ BImw j \nanØw ]cnip

≤mflmhv Xt∂mSp i_vZØn¬ kwkmcn®Xmbn

s]mfn ]dbphm\nSbp≠v. Cßs\bp≈ ktµi

ßƒ hy‡n]camb ktµißfmbXp sIm≠v B

\nebn¬ ktµiw e`n®h≥ Xs‚ hy‡nXzØnte

t°m A\p`hØntet°m i≤ Xncn°phm≥ hnap

JX ImWn°pw. ]cnip≤mflmhv kwkmcn®Xmbn ]d

bp∂ F√m ktµißtfbpw hymPambn ImWphm≥

Ignbp∂X√. F∂m¬ Cu ktµiØns‚ t]cn¬

a‰p≈hcpsS ta¬ A[nImcw \SØphm≥ ian°p

∂h¿ \nbam\pkrXa√msXbpw ssZhhN\

hncp≤hpambn´mWv ]h¿Øn°p∂Xv. XpS¿am\ambn

e`n°p∂ F∂p≈ AhImihmZß fpw kzbØn\p

i≤ t\Sphm\p≈ iaßfpw kwibmkv]ZamWv.

ssZhhN\ kXysØ hnebncpØp∂h¿ FX

tØmfw hnizkvXX ]pe¿Øp∂p F∂p≈Xpw

hnizmkobXbpsS as‰mcp LSIamWv. ss__nƒ

hymJym\n°p∂Xv sX‰mb \nebnemsW¶n¬ Xs‚

A\p`hßƒ hnizk\oba√.

ii. ]cnip≤mflmhn\mep≈ \ni_vZamb t]cW

Ifpw tXm∂epIfpw

]cnip≤mflmhv i_vZØn¬ kwkmcn°p∂p

F∂p≈ km[yXsb hnizkn°p∂Xns\°mƒ Hcp

hnizmknsb \SØphm≥ ]cnip≤mflmhv kwkmc

clnXamb t]cWIfpw tXm∂epIfpw \¬Ip∂p

F∂v hnizkn°phm≥ IqSpX¬ ssZhhNN\Øns‚

]n≥_eap≠v. ]cnip≤mflmhv t\cn´v kwkmcn

°p∂p, Z¿i\ßƒ \¬Ip∂p F∂p≈ hnjbw

t]mse Cu hnjbhpw sX‰n≤cn°phm\pw Zp¿

hn\ntbmKw sNøphm\pw km[yXbp≠v.

PUnIamb Dƒt]cWIsf ""BfloI \SØn∏n\m

bn'' bp‡n Nn¥m]cambn hymJym\n®v Bib°pg

∏ap≠m°p∂Xns\Xnscbp≈ ap∂dnbn∏pIƒ

i‡amb ]tbmKßfneqsS \¬Iphm≥ Ignbp∂

X√. ssZhhN\Øn¬\n∂p≈ hy‡amb ]Tn∏n

°epIsf kzoIcn°p∂hcpsS D≈n¬ \n∂p≈

t]cWIfpw tXm∂epIfpw mcßfpw t_m[yßfpw

amXta hnizmkyXbp≈Xmbn´p≈p. ssZhhN

\Øn¬ \n∂p≈ ]cnip≤mflmhns‚ hy‡amb

\SØn∏ns\ Hcp hy‡n AhKWn°p∂p F¶n¬ Hcp

]tXyI hnjbØn¬ ssZhmflmhns‚ \SØn∏v

hnthNn°phm≥ Ah≥ Xp\ntb≠Xn√. ssZhh

N\ØneqsS shfns∏´ncn°p∂ F√m taJeIfnepw

ssZhØn\v ka¿∏n°s∏´ Hcp lrZbØn¬ \n∂p

bcp∂ t]cWIfpw hnImcßfpamWv hnizkn°p

hm≥ Ignbp∂Xv As√¶n¬ kzb \ymboIcWØn

\pw D]mbßƒ ]tbmKn°p∂Xn\pw km[yXbp≠v.

ssZhhN\Øn\v A\ptbmPya√mØ t]cWIfpw

tXm∂epIfpw kz`mhØnt\m Xocpam\saSp°p

∂Xnt\m H´pw tbmPn®X√. Hm¿°pI ssZhmflm

hn\m¬ \ndbs∏Sp∂Xpw ssZhhN\Øm¬ \ndb

s∏Sp∂Xpw H∂p Xs∂bmWv (Fs^. 5:18; sImsem.

3:16).

Cu ap∂dnbn∏pIƒ \¬InbXn\v tijhpw

Bflobcmb BfpIsf ]cnip≤mflmhv t]cWI

fmepw tXm∂epIfmepw \bn°p∂p F∂p≈Xns\

ss__nƒ t]m’mln∏n°p∂p F∂p≈Xv kXyam

b ImcyamWv. Aßs\bp≈ \ni_vZamb \SØn∏v

FgpXs∏´ ssZhhN\Øn\v hncp≤a√(sbi. 8:20).

CXneqsS ss__nƒ \¬ImØ Fs¥¶nepw

clkyßƒ InkvXob PohnXsØ°pdn®v \¬Ip

∂n√ As√¶n¬ a‰p≈ hnizmknIƒ°v e`ya√mØ

Nne Imcyßƒ Hcp hy‡n°v \¬IpItbm sNøp

∂n√. `‡ntbmsSbp≈ PohnXØn\v Bhiyamb

F√m ][m\ hmKvZØßfpw ssZhhN\Øn¬

amXamWv \¬Ip∂Xv(2 ]tXm. 1:3). AXpt]mse

InkvXob ipiqjbv°v Bhiyamb F√m

klmbßfpw sNbvXp Xcp∂Xpw ssZhhN\amWv

(2 Xnsam. 3:16˛17).

F¶nepw, InkvXym\nXzØn\v hfsc hy‡n]camb

Nne hißfp≠v. ]cnip≤mflmhns‚ hy‡n]camb

\SØn∏ns‚ ipiqj Cu taJeIfnep≈ ssZhØn

s‚ ]tXyIamb hy‡n]camb lnXØns‚

Adnhnte°v Dƒs∏SptØ≠XmWv. ssZhhN\

Øn¬ Dƒs°m≈n®n´n√mØ Nne kz`mhhntij

ßsf°pdn®v F√m hnizmknIƒ°pw Htc t_m[y

ap≠mbncn°p∂n√. AXpsIm≠v InkvXob

kzmX¥yØns‚ ImcyØn¬ Nne am\ZWvUßƒ

Db¿Øns°m≠phcphm≥ hy‡n]cambn ssZhoI

\SØn∏v BhiyamWv. tdma¿ 14:22˛23 Nq≠n°m

Wn°p∂Xv Hmtcm hnizmknIƒ°pw InkvXob

kzmX¥yØns‚ taJeIfnep≈ ]h¿Ø\ßfpsS

HuNnXyØns‚ ImcyØnembmepw hn`n∂amb

Nn¥mKXnbpw hnizmkhpamWp≈Xv. BfloI

hnizmknIfpsS PohnXØnep≈ InkvXob kzmX

¥yØns‚ hnhn[ hnjbßfn¬ hy‡n]camb

t_m[yßƒ (Aßs\bp≈ t]cWbmep≈


288

27 a‰p hm°pIfn¬ ]d™m¬, ]m¿∞\bpsS taJebn¬Hcmƒ Bfl\nb¥WØne√msb¶n¬ Ah≥ Bfl\ndhnte°v hcp∂n√ At∏mƒ Xs∂ Bfl\nb¥Wwaqew Bflmhn¬ ]m¿∞n°phm\p≈ h¿≤n® Ignhve`n°p∂p.

t_m[yßfpw tXm∂epIfpw `mcßfpw) Db¿∂p

hcWsa∂v ]cnip≤mflmhv BKln°p∂Xmbn

IcpXp∂Xp bp‡n]camWv. AXpt]mse F√m

hnizmknIƒ°pw Bflob hcßfp≠v. F∂m¬

F√mh¿°pw Htc hcap≠mbncn°Wsa∂n√.

AXpsIm≠v Xs‚ hcßsf°pdn®v AdnbWsa¶n¬

hnizmkn°v BfloI\SØn∏v BhiyamWv.

ssZhthebn¬ Hcp BfloI\mb hy‡n F¥p

sNøWsa∂ ImcyØn¬ ]cnip≤mflmhv Hcfhn¬

Bflhnizmkw(AXmbXv hnizmkw, tdma¿. 12:3)

\¬Ip∂p. BfloIchcßtfmSp≈ _‘Øn¬

hy‡n]camb t_m[yhpw hy‡Xbpw e`n°phm≥

]cnip≤mflmhv Bflobcmb hy‡nIƒ°v

t]cWIƒ \¬Ip∂p. ssZhØns‚ ]tXyIamb

lnXw A\pkcn°phm≥ BfloIcmb BfpIsf

klmbn°Ø°hn[w ]cnip≤mflmhv t]cWIfpw

tXm∂epIfpw \¬Ip∂p(^nen. 2:13)26. ssZhhN\

Øn¬ t\cn v \¬Inbncn°p∂ \nebn¬ s]mXphmb

\SØn∏v amXw ssZhw \¬Ip∂p F∂ \nebn¬

ssZhoI \SØn∏ns\ ssZhhN\w FXn¿°p∂n√

(kZr. 3:5˛6; k¶o. 32:8; 37:4˛5; 73:23- 24). ssZhw hy‡n

]camb am¿§\n¿t±ihpw \¬Ip∂p F∂p≈Xv

hy‡hpamWv.

]cnip≤mflmhns‚ t]cWIfpw AXncpIhn™

Xmb \nebn¬ hy‡n]cambn t]mImsa∂p Nne

hna¿i\w D∂bnt®°mw. kXyamWv ssZhhN\

Øn\v hncp≤amb Zp¿hn\ntbmKßƒ kw`hnt®°mw.

F∂mepw AXy¥nIambn ]cnip≤mflmhns‚

\SØn∏nt\mSv _‘s∏´ \nebn¬ t]cWIsf Hcp

ipiqjbmbn Dƒs∏SpØp∂Xv ssZhhN\Øns‚

hkvXp\njvTXbn¬ Bibn°p∂Xn\p klmbIc

ambncn°pw. D≈nemWv ]cnip≤mflmhv hkn°p∂Xv

F∂v ssZhhN\w ]Tn∏n°p∂p. BfloIcmb Bfp

IfpsS am\knIamb IgnhpIfn¬ ]cnip≤mflmhv

]h¿Øn°p∂Xv(^nen. 2:13) Ah¿°v hy‡n]camb

lnXtØmSp≈ _‘Øn¬ (InkvXob kzmX¥y

Øns‚ ImcyØntem tdma¿ 14:22˛23) `mcßfpw

t_m[yßfpw hy‡n]camb klmbßfpw

\¬Ip∂p. Hcp BfloI≥ Xs‚ t]cWIfnepw

tXm∂epIfnepw Bibn®m¬ Xs‚ kzbØns‚

t]cWIsf ""BfloI\SØn∏mbn'' IcpXn

]m]Øn¬ sN∂v hogm\nSbp≠v. \oXn]q¿∆amb

D]tZians√¶n¬ CXv a\]q¿∆amb hyXymkØnte

°pw D]mbw ]tbmKn°p∂Xnepw Ahkm\n°pw.

F∂m¬ ssZhw Nne \neIfn¬ ssZh`‡nbp≈

lrZbØn¬ ]h¿Øn°p∂p F∂p≈Xv BfloI

\mb hy‡n ]cnip≤mflmhn\m¬ e`n°p∂

t]cWIfpw tXm∂epIfpw \nanØw ssZhoI]Tn∏n

°epIfn¬ \n∂p bYm¿∞ambn a\ nem°p∂p.

Bflt]cWbv°v hnt[b\mb HcmflnI≥

kzbØns‚ hymtamlßƒ°v ASnas∏Sphm≥

CSbn√. ssZhw D≈n¬ Pohn°p∂p F∂pw ssZhw

hy‡n]camb \nebn¬ hn`n∂amb t_m[yßfpw

`mcßfpw hcßfpw Xocpam\ßfpw \¬Ip∂p

F∂p≈ kXyßƒ ]Tn∏n°p∂ ssZhhN\Øn

ep≈ Hcp BibamWv CXv. ]cnip≤mfl t]cW

F∂ taLebn¬ Zp¿hn\ntbmKØn\p≈ km[yX

Ds≠¶nepw Aßs\bp≈ F√m t]cWIfpw

Xnckv°cn°Wsa∂v CXn\¿∞an√. Hcp BfloI

a\ n¬ \n∂v t]cWIfpw tXm∂epIfpw Dbcp

tºmƒ AXv \oXn]q¿∆amb am¿§ØneqsS ]cnip

≤mflmhv \¬Ip∂ hy‡n]camb \SØn ∏mbn

I≠m¬ aXn.

(c). ]cnipflmhnep≈ ]m¿∞\

kIe ]m¿∞\bmepw bmN\bmepw GXv

t\cØpw Bflmhn¬ ]m¿∞n®p AXn\mbn

PmKcn®pwsIm≠v kIe hnip≤∑m¿°pw

F\n°pth≠n ]m¿∞\bn¬ ]q¿Æ ÿncX

ImWn∏n≥(Fs^. 6:18).

\nßtfm ]nbap≈hsc, \nßfpsS AXnhn

ip≤ hnizmksØ B[mcam°n \nßƒ°v

Xs∂ BfloIh¿≤\hv hcpØn ]cnip≤m

flmhn¬ ]m¿∞n®p( bqZm. 20).

]cnip≤mflmhns‚ \nb¥WØns‚(\ndhns‚)

`mKambn v \mw ]cnip≤mflmhnep≈ ]m¿∞\sb

ImWp∂p. F∂m¬ HcmfpsS PohnXØn¬ Bfl\nd

hns‚ ^eambn´pw CXns\ ImWphm≥ Ignbpw. 27

""]cnip≤mflmhnep≈ ]m¿∞\'' Fs^. 6:18; bqZm.

20; Fs^. 2:18 F∂nhnSßfn¬ ]d™ncn°p∂Xv

]nXmhn¶te°v ]m¿∞\sb FØn°p∂ Hcp am¿§

ambn´mWv ]cnip≤mflmhv Bbncn°p∂sX∂mWv

(]cnip≤mflmhns‚ Xes°´v ""bmX\bpsS

Bflmhv'' skJcy. 12:10 ImWpI).


26 Hcp hnizmknbpsS PohnXØn¬ tcmKw, IjvSX ChA\phZn°p∂Xn\p ss__nƒ ]e ImcWßƒ ]dbp∂p≠v. Hcp ]tXyI IjvSXbneqsS hnizmkn IS∂pt]mIptºmƒ AXns‚ e£ysØ°pdn®p≈ t_m[yw]cnip≤mflmhv \¬Ip∂Xv \ymbamb Imcyat√?

289

""]cnip≤mflmhn¬ ]m¿∞n°pI'' F∂XpsIm≠v

A¿∞am°p∂Xv hfsc ]tbmP\Icamb \nebn¬

]m¿∞n°p∂Xn\p ]cnip≤mflmhpambn icnbmb

_‘w ImØv kq£n°pI F∂XmWv. ]cnip≤m

flmhns\ sISpØpItbm ZpxJn∏n°pItbm

sNbvXm¬ AXv BtcmKyIcamb ]m¿∞\bv°v

klmbIca√ ImcWw ]m]w ]m¿∞\sb

Imcy£aa√mXm°p∂p (k¶o. 66:18; 1 ]tXm. 3:7,12;

bmt°m_v 4:3). ssZhhN\tØmSp≈ A\pkcWw

]m¿∞\bpsS Imcy£aX h¿≤n∏n°p∂p (tbml

∂m≥. 3:22; bmt°m_v 5:16). IqSmsX ]m¿∞\bn¬

hnhn[ hnjbßƒ Dƒs∏SpØphm≥ ]cnip≤mflmhv

`mchpw t]cWbpw tX∂epIfpw \¬Ip∂p. ]cnip

≤mfl\ndhns‚ `mKambn ]m¿∞\sb i‡ns∏Sp

Øp∂ ]cnip≤mflmhpambn icnbmb _‘ap≠mbn

cn°pI F∂XmWv ][m\ Imcyw. F∂m¬ Cu

Bflh\ndhns‚ êambn ]cnip≤mflnhns‚

t]cWItfmSp h¿≤n® \nebn¬ kq£va kwthZ\

£aXbp≠mIpIbpw X∑qew IqSpX¬ ]m¿∞n°p

hm≥ Ignbp Ibpw sNøp∂p.

ssZhhN\Øns‚ AXncpIhn™pt]mIp∂

\nebnep≈ Bflmhnep≈ ]m¿∞\bv\s°Xnsc

i‡ambn ap∂dnbn∏v \¬IWw. Cu hmNIw

Hcn°epw ]m¿∞\ Hcp ]nSns®Sp°embnt´m

t_m[t°Smbnt´m ImWp∂n√. 1 sImcn. 14:15;

aØmbn. 6:7 F∂o thZ`mKßƒ ]m¿∞\

a\ nemIp∂ `mjbn¬ thWsa∂p ]Tn∏n°p∂p.

1 sImcn. 14:32 ¬ ImWp∂Xv ssZhw Xs‚ P\Øn¬

]h¿Øn°ptºmƒ Ah¿°v XßfpsS am\knI

amb IgnhpIsf \ne\n¿Øphm≥ Ignbpsa∂p≈

s]mXp XXzamWv.

]m¿∞n°ptºmƒ \nßƒ PmXnIsft∏mse

Pev]\w sNøcpXv; AXn`mjWØm¬ DØcw

In´pw F∂t√m Ah¿°v tXm∂p∂Xv

(aØmbn 6:7).

BIbm¬ F¥v ? Rm≥ Bflmhv sIm≠v

]m¿∞n°pw; _p≤nsIm≠pw ]m¿∞n°pw;

BflmhvsIm≠v ]mSpw, _p≤nsIm≠pw ]mSpw.

]hmNI∑mcpsS Bflm°ƒ ]hmNI∑m¿°v

IogSßnbncn°p∂p. ssZhw Ie°Øns‚

ssZha√, kam[m\Øns‚ ssZhatX.

(1 sImcn. 14:15; 32˛33).

tdma¿ 8:26, 27-˛¬ hnizmknbpsS ]cnip≤mflmhn

ep≈ ]m¿∞\sb∏‰n IqSpX¬ ]d™nń√

ImcWw ChnsS ]cnip≤mflmhp Xs∂ hnizmknI

ƒ°pth≠n ]m¿∞n°pIbmWv sNøp∂Xv. CXv

]m¿∞\tbmSv _‘s∏´ ]cnip≤mflmhns‚

as‰mcp ipiqjbmWv. ]cnip≤mflmhnep≈

]m¿∞\bpw CXpw H∂√. ]cnip≤mflmhnep≈

]m¿∞\ hnizmkn ]m¿∞n°ptºmƒ a\ nep≈

Nn¥Ifpambn(km[mcWbmbn ]dbp∂ hm°pIfpw)

_‘s∏ńcn°p∂XmWv. hnizmknIƒ°p th≠n

]cnip≤mflmhv \nKqVambpw \ni_vZambpw

]nXmhmb ssZhtØmSv a≤yÿX sNøp∂p.

]cnip≤mflmhv Ft∏mƒ Fßs\ ]m¿∞n°p∂p

F∂p \mw Adnbp∂n√.

(d) Dd∏v

c£bpsS Dd∏v ]cnip≤mflmhns‚ \ndhn\p

(\nb¥Ww) hnt[bs∏Sp∂ hnizmknIfpsS lrZb

Øn¬ ]cnip≤mflmhv \¬Ip∂p. CXv c£bpsS

êhpw ap≥]v ]d™n´p≈XpamWv (ImWpI. tdma¿

8:16; Kem. 4:6; 1. tbml. 5:7, 10).

(e) ]cnip≤mflmhns‚ êw

CXpt]mse ]cnip≤mfl\ndhns‚ `mKamWv

]cnip≤mflêw. ]cnip≤mflêw F∂p≈Xv

hn]peamb ]Xn]mZ\Øn\p≈ hnjbamWv. Cu

]cnanXamb ]T\Øns‚ D≈n¬ HXp°phm≥

IgnbmØhn[w hn]peamWv. KemXy¿ 5:22˛23˛¬

Bflmhns‚ êØns‚ ]ńI ImWphm≥ Ignbpw.

Bflmhns‚ êtam: kvt\lw, kt¥mjw,

kam[m\w, Zo¿L£a, Zb, ]tcm]Imcw,

hnizkvXX, kuayX, CµnbPbw; Cu

hIIbv°v hntcm[ambn Hcp \ymb]am

Whpan√(KemXy¿ 5:22˛23).

Cu kz`mhhntijßƒ InkvXob PohnXØns‚

Bghpw hf¿®bpw h¿≤n∏n°phm\p≈Xmbn´mWv

IcpXp∂Xv. G‰hpw ]pXnb hnizmknbpw

BfloI\mImw(AXmbXv ]cnip≤mflmhn\m¬

\nb¥n°s∏´h≥). amXa√ DS≥ Xs∂ Hcfhn¬

êw ]pds∏Sphn°mw, F∂ncp∂mepw ]IzX

]m]n°phm≥ kabsaSp°pw. Hcp ImeL´w

]n∂nSptºmƒ kz`mhØn¬ IqSpX¬ IqSpX¬

InkvXphns\t∏mse BbnØocpw. DZmlcWØn≥

]pXnb\nbaw ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv Imew Ignbpt¥mdpw

kvt\lw h¿≤n°p∂p F∂mWv. ^nen. 1:9˛11˛¬

ImWp∂Xv kvt\lØns‚ Bgw h¿≤n°ptºmƒ

]cnPvRm\w, hnthNn°¬, \oXn, Chbnte°v

hfcp∂p F∂mWv. Fs^. 3:16˛¬ ]cnip≤mflmhn

s\°pdn®pw \ndhns\°pdn®pw ]d™ncn°p∂p.

AhnsS hnizmknIƒ InkvXphns‚ kvt\l

Øns‚bpw ]cn⁄m\Øns‚bpw BgØnte°p


290

t]mIp∂Xns\°pdn®mWv ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv. 1 sX .

4:8˛10˛¬ ImWp∂Xv F√mhcnepw Bflmhns‚

êamb kvt\lap≠v F∂m¬ Ah¿ AXn¬

A[nIambn h¿≤n®p htcWw F∂mWv.

Ah≥ Xs‚ al-Xz-Øns‚ [\-Øn\v HØ-

hÆw Ahs‚ Bflm-hn -\m¬ \nßƒ

AIsØ a\p-jys\ kw_-‘n®p i‡n-

tbmsS _e-s∏-sS-≠-Xn\pw InkvXp hnizm-k-

Øm¬ \nß-fpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ hknt°-≠-

Xn\pw hcw \evtIWw F∂pw \nßƒ kvt\l-

Øn¬ thcp∂n ASn -ÿm-\-s∏-´ -h -cmbn

hoXnbpw \ofhpw Db-chpw Bghpw F¥v F∂v

kIe hnip-≤-∑m-tcmSpw IqsS Kln-∏m\pw ]cn-

⁄m-\sØ Ihn -bp∂ InkvXp -hn≥

kvt\lsØ Adn-hm\pw ]m]vX-cm-Ibpw

ssZh-Øns‚ F√m \nd-hn-t\mfw \nd™p

hcn-Ibpw thWw F∂pw ]m¿∞n-°p-∂p.

(Fs -ky¿ 3:16- 19).

\nß-fpsS kvt\lw taev°p-ta¬ ]cn-⁄m-

\-Ønepw kIe hnth-I-Ønepw h¿≤n®p

h∂n v \nßƒ t`Zm-t -Z-ßsf hnth-Nn-°m-dm-

I-Ww F∂pw InkvXp-hns‚ \mfn-tebv°v

\n¿Ω-e-∑mcpw CS¿®-bn-√m-Ø-hcpw ssZh-

Øns‚ al-Xz-Øn\pw ]pI-gvN-bv°p-am-bn´v

tbip-In-kvXp-hn-\m¬ \oXnêw \nd™h-

cmbn XotcWw F∂pw Rm≥ ]m¿∞n-°p∂p

(^n-en-∏y¿ 1:9˛11).

BI-bm¬ Xp—o-I-cn-°p-∂h≥ a\p-jys\ A√,

Xs‚ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ \nßƒ°v Xcp∂

ssZhsØ Xs∂ Xp—o-I-cn-°p-∂p. ktlm-

Zc]oXn-sb-°p-dn®v \nßƒ°v Fgp-Xp-hm≥

Bhiy-an-√. At\ym\yw kvt\ln-∏m≥ \nßƒ

ssZh-Øm¬ D]-tZ-iw ]m]n-®-X-√msX a°-sZm-

\y -bn¬ Fßp-ap≈ ktlm-Z -c -∑m -tcmS v

Hs°bpw Aßs\ BN-cn®pw t]mcp-∂p-h-t√m.

F∂m¬ ktlm-Z-c-∑m-tc, AXn¬ \nßƒ

A[n-I-ambn h¿≤n -®p -h -tcWw F∂pw

(1 sX -sem-\n-Iy≥ 4:8˛10).

F√m hnizmknIƒ°pw Bflo-b-X-bn¬ Bflm-hns‚

êw ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°m-≥ Ignbpw. F∂m¬ ]Iz-X-

bv°mbn kabw th≠n-h-cpw. F√m hnizm-kn-Ifpw

Bflo-b-cm-bn-cn-°mw F∂m¬ s]´∂v B¿°pw ]Iz-

X-bn-tebv°v IS-∂p-h-cp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-X-√. ]Iz-X-bn-

tebv°v IS-°p-hm≥ Ipdp-°p-h-gn-Iƒ H∂pw Xs∂-

bn-√. ssZhoI]≤Xnbn¬ hfcp∂Xp hn v s]s´∂v

hf¿∂v ssZhoI ]mX-hn v Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ Bflob

hoc-∑m-cm-bm¬ s]´∂v A]-I-S-Øn¬ s]Spw. F√m-

h-cpw Bflo-bcpw Bbn-cn-°mw. F¥m-bmepw CXn\v

kabw [mcmfw Bh-iy-amWv (]q¿Æ-am-bn-´p-ff

ssZhoI Bi-b-Øm¬ amXta CXn\v Ign-bq). CXp

IqSmsX a‰v am¿§-an-√.

b. Bfl \nd-hns‚ clkyw

tbml-∂m≥ 3:8˛¬ tbip Xs∂ ]d™p Bflm-

hns‚ ]h¿Ø\w B¿°pw Adn-bn-√. Im‰p-t]m-se-

bm-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v Nne-]-tXyI kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬

Bflm-hns‚ ]h¿Ø\w ]q¿Æambn a\- n-em-Im-

Ø-Xn¬ A¤p-X-s∏-sS-≠-Xn-√. Bfl\ndhv F∂ Cu

`mKØv F√m‰ns‚bpw ]q¿Æamb DØcw e`n®p

F∂p hcnIbn√. Nne ]tXyI hnjbßƒ

ssZhhN\w ]q¿Æambn shfns∏SpØnbnń√sb∂v

a\ nem°p ∂Xv \√XmWv. CXv a\ nem°nbm¬

ss__nfnse ][m\ D]tZißfpw A][m\

hnjbßfpw XΩn¬ th¿Xncn°phm≥ Ignbpw.

\ΩpsS \nKa\ßƒ F√mw icn-bm-I-Wsa∂n√ adn®v

ssZh-h-N\w ]d-bp-∂Xv i≤n-°-Ww. thZ-]p-kvXIw

im¥-ambncn°p∂/ ]Xn-]m-Zn-°mØ hnj-bØn¬

tLmc-ambn N¿®-Iƒ \S-Øp-∂-Xn¬ bmsXmcp hnti-

j-hp-an-√. thZ-]p-kvXIw im¥-amb hnj-b-Øn¬

\Ωfpw im¥-am-bn-cn-°-Ww.

‘BXva \ndhv’ F∂ hnj-b-sØ-∏‰n hnhn[ tNmZy-

ßƒ Db¿∂p hcpw. Nne hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v IqSpX¬

Bflm-hns\ ]m]n-∏m≥ Ign-bptam? Nne¿°v a‰p≈

F√m-h-cnepw D]-cn-bmbn Bflm-hns\ ]m]n-∏m≥ Ign-

bptam? Cu ]T\w Cu hI tNmZy-ßƒ°v hy‡-

amb DØcw Adnbn√ F∂v t_m[ys∏SpØpw.

F∂m¬ Cu ]T-\-sØ-∏‰n \mw Adn-hn-√m-Ø-h-cm-

bm¬ At\I A]-I-S-Øn¬s∏-Sm\pw sX‰mb ]Tn-

∏n-°-ep-I-fn-tebv°v hgp-Xn-t∏m-Im\pw Imc-W-am-Ipw.

Bfl\ndhn\mbn F¥v sNøWsa∂pw Bfl-

\ndhn≥ PohnXw aqew km[n-°p∂ e-ßƒ Fs¥-

√m-am-sW∂pw \mw Adn-™n-cn-°-Ww. Aßs\

InkvXym\nbpsS DØchmZnXzhpw ]Xo£bpw

F¥msW∂v shfns∏SpØnbncn°p∂p. bYm¿∞

Øn¬ Bflmhv clkyambn sNøp∂ Imcyßfp

ambn Aev]w ]mtbmKnI hyXymkw Cu ImcyØn¬

D≠mIpw. Aßs\bp≈ ]hrØnIƒ Hcp hn[Øn

epw \ap°v CµnbtKmNcWßfmbncn°bn√. B-

flm-hns\ IqSpXembn ]m]n°phm≥ At\z-jn®v \S-

°p-hm-t\m At]-£n-°p-hmt\m thZ-]p-kvXIØn¬

Iev]\bn√. \ΩpsS DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw F∂Xv \ΩpsS

D≈n¬ hkn-°p∂ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ ZpxJn-∏n-°m-

Xn-cp-°p-I, \mw ssZhm-flm-hns‚ ]mX-bn¬ \S-°pI


291

F∂-Xp-am-Xw. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ i‡n e`n-∏m-\mbn

\ΩpsS i‡n _e-lo-\-am-°p-∂-Xn¬ Hcp Imcy-hp-

an-√. \ΩpsS DØchmZnXzßƒ \mw a\ nem°pI.

]cnip≤mflmhv sNtø≠ Imcyßƒ \ΩpsS

DØchmZnXza√. ]cnip≤mflmhns\ IqSpXembn

]m]n°phm≥ Ignbptam C√tbm F∂p≈Xv \ap°v

Adnbn√. \ΩpsS A≤zm\wsIm≠v ]Xy£ambn

Hcp am‰hpw D≠m°phm≥ IgnIbn√ F∂p≈XmWv

InkvXobImgvN∏mSv . Bfl\ndhv F∂Xv

Bflmhns\ IqSpXembn ]m]n°pI F∂Xnep]cn

\ΩpsS ]hrØnbpw AXns‚ A\¥c^ehpw

H∂pXs∂bmWv.

]cnip≤mflmhns\°pdn®pw \ΩpsS DØchmZnXzß

sf°pdn®pw ssZhw \ap°v shfns∏SpØnX∂ncn

°p∂Xv AwKoIcn°mØh¿ ]cnip≤mflmhns\

IqSpXembn ]m]n°phm\p≈ iaØn¬ sX‰mb

D]tZiØnte°v amdnt∏mIphm≥ km≤yXbp≠v.

Aßs\bp≈ Hcp iahpw ssZhhN\Øn¬

]cma¿in®n´n√(C√mØ I¬]\Isf°pdn®v H∂pw

]dbp∂n√). Aßs\bp≈ ]cniaßƒ Bflob

]IzXbnte°v \oßphm≥ hN\Øn¬ shfns∏Sp

Øs∏´ kXyßfn¬\n∂v AI∂p t]mIpIbmWv

(As√¶n¬ hrØØnep≈ Id°w amXw).

Adn™ncn°p∂ kXyØn¬ kt¥mjn°pIbpw

kwXr]vXns∏SpIbpw, ssZhlnXw sNøp∂Xn¬

i≤ tIµoIcn°pIbpw sNøp∂XmWv Bflob

]IzX°p≈ ][m\am¿§w. (hy‡am°nbncn°p∂

D]tZi kXyßsf \ncmIcn°pIbpw \ap°v

\nb¥n°phmt\m a\ nem°phmt\m IgnbmØ

Zp¿Kmlyamb Imcyßfnep≈ A\pam\ßtfm A√.

1. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ IqSp-X¬ ]m]n-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏-

‰n-bp≈ Ahy‡bpsS ImcWßƒ

hmIy-Øn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ ‘\ndbpI’, ‘\ndhv’As√¶n¬ ‘]cnip≤m-flm-hn -\m¬ \nd -bpI’Chsb√mw ]ueq-kn‚bpw, eqt°m-kn-s‚bpw Fgp-

ØpI-fn¬ amX-am-Wv. Cu c≠v Fgp-Øp-I-fnepw

hyXymkw Ds≠∂v \mw Adn-™n-cn-°-Ww. H∂m-a-

Xmbn ‘\ndhp’ F∂ Ko°p ]Zw Hcn-°epw ]ueqkv

Fs^-ky¿ 5:18˛¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ A¿∞-

Øne√ eqt°m-knepw As∏m-kvsXme ]hr-Øn-

bnepw D]-tbm-Kn -®n -cn -°p -∂-Xv. c≠m-a -Xm -bn,

eqt°mkpw, ]utemkpw c≠v hyXy-ÿ-ß-fmb

\mahntijW ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. eqt°mkv

Fgp -Xp -∂Xv “Bflmhv sIm≠v \nd -bpI”(kw_‘nI hn`‡n IqSmsXbp≈ \mahntijWw)

F∂m¬ ]utemkv \ndbpI F∂Xn¬ ‘Bflm-hn¬,

Bflm - thmS v tN¿∂v, Bflm-hn -\m¬” F∂o

]tbmKßƒ D]tbmKn°p∂p. Cu hyXym-k-ßƒ

shdpsX Hcp `mjm ssientbm AtXm Cu

hnjbØnse bYm¿∞ hyXymkw BtWm

F∂p≈ hmZw Ahkm \n°mØXpamWv. Cu

hnjbØn¬ ]e sXcs™Sp∏pIfpw BImw. \ap°v

DØcw Adnbm≥ km≤yXbn√ F∂v ImWn°pI

bmWv Cu hkvXpXbpsS Dt±iyw F∂v Hm¿°pI.

A⁄X thKØn¬ Dd∏n°s∏Spw.

2. BflmhvsIm≠v \nd™p eqt°m-knepw As∏m-

kvsXme ]hr-Øn-bnepw

eqt°mkv BflmhvsIm≠v \ndbs∏SpI F∂

hnjbw ]e thZ-`m-Kßfn-embn D]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p≠v

(tbm-l-∂m≥ kv\m]-I≥ ˛ eqt°mkv ˛ 1:15. Fen-k-

t_-Øv, eqt°mkv 1:41; skJ-cy-m-hv, eqt°mkv 1:67,

s]¥-s°mkvXp \mƒ, As∏m-kvsXme ]hrØn 2:4,

]sXmkv, As∏m-kvsXme ]hrØn 4:8; H∂mw

\q‰m≠nse InkvXym\nIƒ, As∏m. 4:31; iu¬,

As∏m-kvsXme]hrØn 9:17; 13:9).28 Cu ]tbmKØn

\v ]e A¿∞ßfp≠v. IqSmsX Fs^. 5:18˛¬

""Bflmhn\m¬ \ndbpI'' F∂ ]utemkns‚ Iev]

\bpambp≈ _‘w ]e \nebn¬ a\ nem°phm≥

Ignbpw. CXn\v ]e hymJym\ßfp≠v. GXmWv ]q¿

Æambpw icn F∂v sXfnbn°phm≥ ]bmkamWv.

(a). Bflmhv Xs∂ ]q¿ØoIcn°p∂ Bflmhns\

°pdn®mWv eqt°mkv ""]cnip≤mflmhn\m¬

\ndbpI'' F∂ ]tbmKwsIm≠v Dt±in°p∂Xv.

(Bflmhns\ IqSpXembn ]m]n°pI F∂ ]cma¿

ia√) Bflmhv \ndbp∂p, F∂m¬ hN\Øm¬

\nd°p∂p. icnbmb A¿∞w Bflmhn\m¬

\ndbs∏SpI F∂mWv(F∂m¬ FgpXs∏´

hN\Øm¬).

IqSmsX CXv Fs^. 5:18- se AtX Iev]\bmsW

∂v a\ nem°mw. AhnsS hnizmknIƒ Bflmhn\m

¬ \ndbs∏SWsa∂v ]utemkv Bhiys∏Sp∂p.

Bflmhv \ndbp∂p, F∂m¬ Xs∂s°m≠√. Ah≥

ssZhhN\Øm¬ \ndbv°p∂p(sImsem. 3:16

ImWpI) hnizmknIƒ Hcn°epw Bflmhns\

IqSpXembn ]m]n°p∂n√.


28“\ndhv” F∂Xv \ma-ambn eqt°mkv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂thZ- m-K-ßƒ t\m°pI: eqt°mkv 4:1 (In-kvXp), As∏m-kvsXme ]hrØn 6:3,5; 7:55 (kvsX-^m-s\m-kv), 11:24(_¿W-_m-kv)

292

Cu ImgvN∏mSv Icnkvam‰nIv hn`mKØn¬ s]SmØ

k`mhn`mKßfn¬ AwKoIcn°s∏ń´p≈XmWv. Cu

Bibw ]Xntcm[n°mhp∂XmWv, F∂m¬

]q¿Æambn Dd∏m°mhp∂X√.

(b) ""BflmhvsIm≠v \ndbpI'' F∂ eqt°mkns‚

]tbmKtØmSp≈ c≠masØ kao]\w. eqt°mkn

s‚ Bflmhn¬ \ndbpI F∂ ]tbmKhpw ]utem

kns‚ FgpØpIfnse Bflmhn¬ \ndbpI F∂

]tbmKhpw hyXykvXamsW∂v ImWn°pIbpw

AXv As∏mkvXenI ImetØ°v ]cnanXs∏SpØn

bncn°p∂Xpw BWv. Hcp ]s£ eqt°mkv ]cam¿

in°p∂Xv Bflmhns\ IqSpXembn e`n°p∂p

F∂mImw. ""Bflmhv sIm≠p \ndbpI'' F∂

]tbmKØn¬ \nd°s∏Sp∂ LSIw Bflmhv Xm≥

Xs∂bmWv(Bflmhv Dƒs°m≈p∂ \ndhv).29

F¥mbmepw tbml∂m≥ kv\m]Is‚ IpSpw_hpw

BcwÌme k`bpw ]tXyI hnjbamsW∂v

Hcmƒ°v hmZn°phm≥ Ignbpw. Ah¿ Bflmhns\

IqSpXembn ]m]n®p, F∂m¬ AhcpsS A\p`hw

NcnX]camb kw`hambn tcJs∏SpØnbncn°p∂p

(\mw ]n≥]‰phm\p≈ amXrIbmbn v ]d™nń√).

AXv C∂sØ PohnXhpambn t\cn v _‘s∏´X√.

As∏mkvXenIImeØn\p tijw kw`hn°m≥

km[n°mØXpamWv. NcnX]pkvXIßfmb

eqt°mkpw At∏mkvXe]hrØnIfpw Nne

BfpIƒ°v ]tXyIambn Afhn¬ Bflmhns\

]m]n®p F∂v tcJs∏SpØnbncn°p∂p F∂v

amXw.30 AXpt]msebp≈ A\p`hßƒ ]m]n°

Wsa∂v bmsXmcp I¬∏\bpan√.

Bfl\ndhv kw_‘amb GI Iev]\ Fs^. 5:18

amXamWv. AhnsS ]utemkv Hcp hyXykvXamb

Inbbpw \mahntijWhpw D]tbmKn®ncn°p∂p.

ChnsS IqSpX¬ Bflmhns\ ]m]n°pIb√

hN\ØneqsS ]cnip≤mflmhn\m¬ \ndbphm\mWv

Hm¿∏n°p∂Xv. Aßs\ eqt°mkv NcnX]camb

DZmlcWßƒ \¬Ip∂p. F∂m¬ C∂v Aßs\

Pohn°phm\p≈ bmsXmcp I¬]\bpw Xcp∂n√.

C∂v B¿°pw Bflmhns\ IqSpXembn ]m]n°p

hm≥ IgnIbn√. Fs^. 5:18 hyXykvXamb Hcp

A\p`hsØ ]cma¿in°p∂p.

(c) c≠masØ ImgvN∏mSpt]mse aq∂masØ hyh

ÿbn¬ eqt°mkns‚ ]tbmKhpw (Bflmhv


29 Bflob\ndhv , As√¶n¬ AXns‚ DdhnStam,am≤yatam, ]cma¿itam BImw.

30 tbml∂m≥ 3:34˛ambn XmcXayw sNøpI

sIm≠v \ndbpI) ]utemkns‚ ]tbmKhpw

(\nd™p˛hyXykvXamb hm°v) Bflmhn¬,

Bflmhn\m¬, BflmthmSp tN¿∂p)XΩnep≈

hyXymkw ImWn°p∂p. Fßs\bmbmepw c≠ma

sØ ImgvN∏mSn¬ \n∂v hyXykvXambn Bflmhns\

IqSpX¬ Afhn¬ ]IcpI F∂Xv As∏mkvXenI

ImetØ°p amXw ]cnanXs∏SptØ≠Xn√ F∂v

ÿm]n°phm≥ Ignbpw.

hnizmknIƒ ""Bflmhn\m¬ \ndbphn≥'' F∂v

Fs^. 5:18˛¬ Iev]\bp≠v F∂m¬ FgpXs∏´

hN\ØmemWv Bfl\ndsh∂v ]cma¿in°p∂p.

Bfl\ndhv kw_‘n® GII¬]\bmWnXv.

Fßs\bmsW¶nepw C∂v ssZhØn\v Xs‚

]cam[nImcØn¬ Hcp hy‡n°v Bflmhns‚ Hcp

`mKw IqsS ]Icphm≥(eqt°mkns‚ ]tbmKw) km

[n°pw. CXv \mw At\zjn°tbm At]£n°tbm

sNtø≠Xn√ F∂m¬ ssZhw Xs∂ sNøp∂ Imcy

amWv. H∂pw c≠pw ImgvN∏mSp XΩnep≈ hyXymkw,

]cnip≤mflmhns\ IqSpXembn e`n°p∂Xv Bcw`

Ime kÌƒ°p amXw ]cnanXs∏SpØnbn´p≈X√

F∂p≈XmWv.

(d) Ahkm\sØ ImgvN∏mSn¬ ""BflmhpsIm≠p

\ndbpI'' F∂ eqt°mkns‚ ]tbmKw ""Bflmhn

\m¬ \ndbpI'' F∂ ]utemkns‚ ]tbmKhpw

H∂p Xs∂bmWv F∂v IcpXp∂p. Fßs\bmbepw

H∂masØ ImgvN∏mSn¬ \n∂pw hyXykvXambn c≠v

]tbmKßfpw Bflmhns\ IqSpXembn ]m]n°pI

F∂ Bibw Dƒs°m≈p∂p. Fs^. 5:18˛¬

""Bflmhn\m¬ \ndbpI'' F∂v I¬∏n°p∂p. Ah≥

\nd°p∂p F∂p amXa√, Ah≥ Xs∂bmWv \ndb

s∏Sp∂ LSIhpw. \ap°v Bflmhns\ IqSpXembn

]m]n°phm≥ Ignbpw. Bflmhns\ Db¿∂

\nebn¬ ]m]n°pI F∂Xv As∏mkvXenIIme

tØ°v amXw ]cnanXs∏SpØp∂n√, ssZhw Xs‚

]cam[nImcØn¬ hfsc Ipd®p t]¿°pamXw

sImSp°p∂Xpa√. Ah≥ F√mh¿°pw [mcmfambn

sImSp°phm≥ BKln°p∂p.

Cu ImgvN∏mSv Icnkvam‰nIv hn`mKØn¬

s]SmØh¿ AwKoIcn°p∂ ssZhimkvXØn¬

\n∂pw ASnÿm\]camb henb am‰ßfp≠v. ta¬

]d™ ImgvN∏mSpIfpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬

InkvXobPohnXØn¬ \mw \ne\n¿Ønt∏mcp∂

\nehmcßfn¬\n∂v hyXnNent°≠ Bhiyw C√.

Fs^. 5:18˛¬ IqSpXembn Bflmhns\ ]m]n°Ww

F∂p Bhiys∏Sp∂psh¶n¬ B \nebn¬

t]mIphm\p≈ hgn ta¬ hnhcn®Xp]ImcamWv. Hcp

293


hnizmknbpsS DØchmZnXzw ssZhhN\Øn¬IqsS

]cnip≤mflmhn\m¬ \nb¥n°s∏SpI F∂p≈Xm

Wv. DØchmZnXzØntem A\¥cêØntem

bmsXmcp am‰hpan√. Bflmhns‚ AZriyamb

]h¿Ø\Ønepw hnizmkn°v IqSpX¬ Bflmhns\

]m]n°phm≥ Ignbptam F∂ hnjbØnepw D≈

A\pam\ßfn¬ amXamWv hyXymkw D≈Xv.

3. Fs^. 5:18˛s‚ A¿∞w.

eqt°mkns‚ ""Bflmhv sIm≠v \ndbpI'' F∂

]tbmKw t]mse Fs^. 5:18˛\pw hfscb[nIw ASn

b¥nc ]m[m\yap≈ A¿∞ßfp≠v. Bflmhns\

IqSpXembn ]m]n°phm≥ Ignbptam C√tbm F∂v

Adnbphm≥ hfsc _p≤nap´p≠v. F¶nepw InkvXo

bPohnXØn¬ Aev]amb am‰ßƒ hcpØphm≥

CXn\v Ignbpw.

(a) Fs^. 5:18˛¬ ]dbp∂Xv Bflmhn\m¬ \ndbp∂

hnjbamsW∂p t]mepw Nne hymJymXm°ƒ Nn¥n

°p∂n√. Ah¿ ""Bflmhv'' F∂Xv a\pjymflmhmbn

NnXoIcn°pIbpw CXv Bflmhn¬ F∂v X¿÷a

sNøpIbpw sNøp∂p.

""ho™v IpSn®v aØcmIcpXv. AXn\m¬ Zp¿\S∏v

D≠mIpat√m. Bflmhn¬ \nd™hcmbn k¶o¿

Ø\ßfmepw kvXpXnIfmepw BflKoXßfmepw

XΩn¬ kwkmcn®pw \nßfpsS lrZbØn¬ I¿Øm

hn∂p ]mSnbpw Io¿Ø\w sNbvXpw sIm≠ncn∏n≥''.

""Bflmhv'' F∂ hm°v ]cnip≤mflmhns\bpw a\p

jymflmhns\bpw ]cma¿in°mw. a\pjymflmhn\p

≈ ]cma¿iw Xmsg∏dbp∂ kmlNcyØn¬ hfsc

tbmPn°p∂XmWv. kt¥mjn°p∂ ]IrXap≈ Hcp

a\pjymflmhns\ Dt±in®v ]utemkv ]dbp∂Xmbn

cn°mw. IqSmsX sImsem. 3:16˛¬ CXn\v kam\amb

Hcp ]cma¿iw ImWp∂p. ""InkvXphns‚ hN\w

sFizcyambn \nßfn¬ hkn°s´'' AXmbXv

a\pjymflmhn¬. Bflmhnt\mSv tN¿∂v "C¬' F∂

]tbmKw ImWmw. Bflmhn¬ kv\m\s∏SpI F∂

]tbmKØnteXpt]mse Xs∂. Cu ImgvN∏mSns\

]n¥mßphm≥ Fs^ky¿ 5˛¬ ]utemkv ]dbp∂

Xpw, eqt°mkv D]tbmKn°p∂ ]tbmKw ""Bflmhp

sIm≠p \ndbpI'' XΩnepw henb hyXymkw Ds≠

∂v AhImis∏Sp∂p. eqt°mkv ]cnip≤mflm

\ndhns\°pdn®v kwkmcn°p∂p; F∂m¬ ]utemkv

Fs^. 5:18˛¬ AXv ]dbp∂n√ F∂pw A`n]mb

s∏Sp∂p. 31

Fs^. 5:18˛se Cu Akm[mcW \n¿∆N\w

Bflmhn\m¬ \nb¥n°s∏tS≠Xns‚ BhiyIX

X≈n°fbp∂n√. InkvXobPohnXw AXn¬ Xs∂

\ne\n¬°p∂p. ""Bflmhn\m¬ \ndbpI'' ""ZpxJn∏n

°cpXv'' ""sISpØcpXv'' F∂o Iev]\Iƒ ImWmw.

Fßs\bmsW¶nepw, CXns\ Bfl\ndhns‚

D]tZiamsW∂v ]dbphm≥ hnapJX D≠mIpw.

Fs^. 5:18˛s‚ H∂masØ ImgvN∏mSv \yq\]£

ImgvN∏mSmWv. CXv sX‰pIfp≈XmsW∂v ]d™v

X≈n°fbm\mhn√. ]mcºcyambn \evIs∏ńcn°p

∂Xnepw IqSpX¬ AwKoImcw CXv A¿ln°p∂p.

(b) Bflmhn¬, Bflmhn\m¬, BflmhvsIm≠v.

Fs^. 5:18˛¬ D]tbmKn®ncn°p∂ ""¬'' ""\m¬''

""sIm≠v'' F∂nh tN¿Øv X¿÷a sNøphm≥

Ignbpw. Hmtcm X¿÷abpw Hcp hnizmkn°v IqSpX¬

Bflmhns\ ]m]n°phm≥ Ignbptam F∂ hnjb

sØ kzm[o\n°phm≥ Ignbpw. GXmbmepw hymIc

WsØ kw_‘ambpw kmµ¿`nIambpw H∂v as‰m

∂n\pta¬ bmsXmcp ]cnKW\bpw \evIp∂n√. ap≥

\nKa\Ønep≈ ssZhimkvX]Imcw X¿÷a sN

øpIbpw hyXykvX Bibw D≈htcmSv A\pIº

tbmsS G¿s∏SpIbpw sNøpIbmWv GI

Ahew_w.

(i) Bflmhn\m¬ \ndbpI.

Hcp hnizmkn°v IqSpX¬ Bflmhns\ ]m]n°phm≥

Hcn°epw IgnIbn√ F∂v Nn¥n°p∂h¿°v

A\pIqeamb X¿÷a Bbncn°pw. hnizmknIƒ

""]cnip≤mflmhn\m¬ \ndbs∏SWw'' F∂m¬

ssZhhN\w sIm≠v F∂v ka¿∞n°Ww(sImsem.

3:16). Bflmhv \nd°p∂ tlXp/i‡nbmWv F∂m¬

D≈S°w A√ F∂v a\ nem°Ww.

F¥mbncp∂mepw Bflmhn\m¬ F∂ X¿÷abm¬

Bflmhns‚ hensbmcp ]¶ns\ Dt]£nt°≠

Bhiyan√. BflmhmWv \nd°p∂sX∂pw Ahs‚

D≈S°mØmemWv \mw \ndbs∏ńcn°p∂Xv F∂pw

D≈ c≠v A¿∞Ønepw hnizmknIƒ Xo¿®bmbpw

Bflmhn\m¬ \ndbs∏´hcmWv. IqSmsX IqSpX¬

ssZhhN\w `£n°ptºmƒ/[ym\n°ptºmƒ

IqSpXembn ]cnip≤mflmhns‚ hy‡nXzhpw

Nn¥Ifpw Dƒs°m≈phm≥ Ignbpw. ]cnip≤m

flmhmWt√m FgpØpImc≥.

31 \ndbpI F∂ Bibw. Fs^. 3:19; nen. 1:11-; sImsem.1:9˛10

294

(ii) BflmhpsIm≠v \ndbpI.32

Hcp hy‡n°v IqSpX¬ Bflmhns\ ]m]n°phm≥

Ignbpw F∂v hnizkn°p∂h¿ ""BflmhpsIm≠p

\ndbphn≥'' F∂v X¿÷a sNøphm≥ CjvSs∏Sp∂p.

BflmhmWv \ndbp∂ i‡n/tlXp. Ah≥

\ndbp∂ D≈S°hpw Bbncn°pw.

(iii) Bflmhn¬ \ndbpI.

Bflmhns\ a\pjymflmhmbn ]cma¿in°p∂h¿°v

Cu X¿÷a CjvSs∏Sp∂p. ]cnip≤mflmhns\

]cma¿in°p∂h¿°pw Cu X¿÷a AwKoIcn°p

hm≥ Ignbpw. ""]cnip≤mflmhns‚ taJebn¬

\ndbphn≥'' F∂v A¿∞am°mw. ""]cnip≤mflmhn

s‚ cmPyØn¬ \ndbphn≥'' Cu ]tbmKw ""]cnip

≤mflmhn¬ kv\m\s∏Sp''∂Xpambn _‘s∏´v

X¿÷a sNømhp∂XmWv.

4. IqSpX¬ Bflmhns\ ]m]n°p∂Xns\

kw_‘n®v D]kwlmcw.

hnizmknIƒ°v ]cnip≤mflmhns\ IqSpXembn

]m]n°phm≥ Ignbptam F∂ hnjbw kw_‘n®v

FgpØpImc≥ \njv]£ Nn¥mKXn°mc\mWv. CXv

kw_‘n®v Xpd∂ a\ msW¶nepw, CXv Hcp

A][m\ hnjbamsW∂ at\m`mhamWp≈Xv. CXv

]cnip≤mflmhns‚ DØchmZnXzamWv, \ΩptSX√.

Fßs\bmbncp∂mepw, a\pjys‚ A\p`hØn¬

bmsXmcp hyXymkhpan√. ]cnip≤mflmhnt\mSv

_‘s∏´v hnizmknIƒ F¥v sNtøWsa∂v

]d™ncn°p∂p. ]cnip≤mfl \ndhp≈ PohnXØn

¬ D∂Xamb êw ssZhhN\w shfns∏SpØp∂p.

Cu ]Inbbn¬ IqSpX¬ Bflmhns\ e`n°pIbm

sW¶nepw \mw AXns\ kw_‘n®v Adnhn√mØ

hcmWv. 33 AXpt]mse \ap°v Bflmhns\

IqSpXembn e`n®ns√¶nepw AXns\°pdn®v \mw

Adnbp∂n√. c≠p \nebnepw \ΩpsS DØchmZnXzw

XpeyamWv. BbXn¬ Bflmhns\ IqSpXembn

]m]n°phm\p≈ ]m¿∞\tbm At\zjWtam

XpSßnb sX‰mb hgnIƒ AXn¬ Dƒs∏Sp∂n√.

Aßs\bp≈ Imcyßƒ Bflob ]IzXbnte°p

≈ hf¿®bv°v XS ambncn°pw. \ap°v Bflmhv

IqSpX¬ D≈ kabßfpw C√mØ kabßfpw

kw_‘n® Zp¿Kmlyamb ÿnXnbnepw Bfl\nd

hp≈ PohnXØns‚ hn`hßƒ H∂pXs∂bm

bncn°pw. Hcp hnizmkn°v e`n®ncn°p∂ hn`hßƒ/

Xme¥pIƒ as‰mcp hnizmkn°v e`n®Xnt\°mƒ

hyXykvXam bncn°n√ F∂m¬ Nne¿ AXv IqSpX¬

]tbmP \Icambn D]tbmKn°p∂p. Ahkm\ambn

Bfl \ndhns‚ êßƒ H∂pXs∂bmbncn°pw,

Bflmhns\ IqSpXembn ]m]n®hcpw A√mØhcpw

F∂ hyXymkan√msX. hnizmknIƒ°v Bflmhns\

IqSpXembn ]m]n°phm≥ Ignbptam F∂Xv

InkvXob PohnXhpambn XmcXays∏SpØptºmƒ

kµnKv≤amb hnjbamWv. Cu Ahkm\ mKØp≈

][m\hnjbw CXmWv. Cu [mcW°v A\pIqetam

]XnIqetam Bb hy‡amb sXfnhn√mØXn\m¬

hnizmknIfpsS Nn¥bn¬ hfsc Ipd™ ]m[m\yw

sImSpØm¬ aXnbmIpw. CXv \ΩpsS DØc

hmZnXzsØtbm, Bfl\ndhp≈ PohnXØns‚

A\¥cêsØtbm _m[n°p∂n√. IqSpX¬

Bflmhns\ ]m]n°phm≥ At\zjn°tbm

At]£n°tbm sNøphm\p≈ Iev]\ Xo¿®bmbpw

C√. henb Afhn¬ Bflmhv h∂mepw Cs√¶nepw

\ΩpsS PohnXw H∂pXs∂. IqSpX¬ Bflmhn\p

th≠n ian®v \ΩpsS i‡n AXn\pth≠n

tIµoIcn°p∂Xn\p≈ ASnÿm\w hN\Øn¬

C√mØXn\m¬ AXv sX‰pamWv. Bflmhpambn

_‘s∏ v \mw F¥mWv icnbmbn sNtø≠sX∂v

ssZhhN\w hy‡ambn ]Tn∏n°p∂p. CXmbncn°

Ww \ΩpsS Xmev]cyw. Bflmhns\ kw_‘n®

a¿Ωßƒ Bflmhn\p Xs∂ hn´psImSp

t°≠XmWv(Bh. 29:29).


32 See C.F.D, Moule, An Idiom book of New Testament Greek2nd., (Cambridge University Press, 1959), p. 79. Here Mouleteaches the preposition en can be a description meaning“consisting of.”33 Bflmhns\ e`n®p F∂Xns‚ XmcXayØn¬D≠mImhp∂ F√m kzbm`nam\ßfpw \o°n°fbphm≥ssZhw BKln°p∂p. Nne Imcyßƒ amXwAdnbmXncn°p∂XmWv \√Xv.

295

`mKw 2]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-s‚

hcßƒ

cq]-tcJI. BapJw

II. ASbmfhcßfpsS Ahkm\w

A. ASbmfhcßfpsS Ahkm\Øn\v

hN\]camb km≤yX

1. Hcp hcØns‚ Ahkm\Øn\p≈

ZrjvSm¥w

2. As∏mkvXe∑mcpamb _‘s∏´

ASbmfßƒ

3. `mjbpw bnkmtbepw kw_‘amb

ASbmfßƒ

4. A¤pXßfpsS Bh¿Ø\Øn\v

ss__nƒ amXrI.

B. ASbmfhcßƒ \n∂pt]mbXn\v

NcnX]camb Dd∏v

III.`mjbpsS kz`mhw AYhm ]IrXn

A. A\y`mjIƒ bYm¿∞ `mjIƒ F∂

\nebn¬

1. skIyqe¿ Ko°v

2. A\y`mj ]pXnb \nba Ko°n¬

a. `mjIƒ As∏mkvXe ]hrØnIfn¬

b. `mjIƒ shfn∏mSp]pkvXIØn¬

c. `mjIƒ 1 sImcn¥ycn¬

B. A\y`mjIƒ kw_‘n® B[p\nI

AhImihmZßƒ

1. B[p\nI A\y`mjIsf°pdn®p≈

]T\ßƒ

2. hnPmXobcpambp≈ kam¥cßƒ

3. hnPmXobcpsS Ahy‡

Pev]\ßsf°pdn®v ss__nfn¬

4. D]kwlmcw

IV.A\y`mjm `mjWØn¬ ]ment°≠

ss__nƒ \n_‘\Iƒ

A. k`bn¬ A\y`mjIƒ°v Ipd™ ap≥Xq°w

B. hN\w ]Tn∏n°p∂XneqsS D≠mIp∂ Bflo

bh¿≤\hn\v IqSnb ]m[m\yw

C. F√mh¿°pw `mjmhcw D≠mbncn°n√

D. hnizmknIƒ `mjmhcw Dƒs∏sSbp≈

a‰phcßƒ tXSp∂Xv _elo\amb

Nn¥bmWv

E. A\y`mjbpsS `‡n]camb D]tbmKw

t]mepw tIhew _elo\amWv

F. A\y`mj AhnizmknIƒ°v

ASbmfambncn°Ww

G. A\y`mj°m¿ ]q¿Æambn kzb\nb¥Ww

D≈hcmbncn°Ww

H. k`bn¬ _p≤n]q¿∆ab kw`mjWta

A\phZ\obambn´p≈p

I. ipiqjbn¬ A\y`mj°mcpsS FÆw

J. ipiqjIƒ IaoIrXambncn°Ww

K. A\y`mjIsf kw_‘n®v thZ]pkvXI

\n_‘\IfpsS kwKlw

V. A¤pX tcmKim¥nsb°pdn®v ss__nƒ

A. tcmKim¥nbpw kuJyam°p∂hcpw

B. ASbmfhcßfpw tcmKkuJyhpw

C. Icnkvam‰n°v AhImihmZßfpw

thZ]pkvXI ]Tn∏n°epIfpw

1. hocy]h¿ØnIƒ \S°p∂Xnse

kabthKX

2. tcmKßƒ kw_‘n®v thZ]pkvXI

amXrIIƒ

3. IjvSX A\phZn°p∂Xn¬ ssZhØns‚

]≤Xn

4. tcmKim¥n°p≈ thZ]pkvXIamXrIIƒ

a. hnizmkan√mØhsc kuJyam°p∂Xv

b. thZ]pkvXIw shfns∏SpØp∂

tcmKkuJyßfpsS hnPb iXam\w

A≤ymbw 10

\yqat‰mfPn]cnip≤mflhns\∏‰nbp≈ D]tZiw

296

c. ]e kµ¿`ßfnepw Zqctam AIetam

tcmKkuJyØn\v XS a√

d. A]Xo£nXambpw kzta[bmbpw

]ckyambpw \n¿∆ln°p∂

tcmKkuJyßƒ

5. kºq¿ÆmtcmKyw `mhn hmKvZØsa∂

\nebn¬

6. tcmKkuJyw kw_‘n® kwKlw

VI. D]kwlmcw, Imcnkvam‰n°v ]ÿm\ßƒ

VII. icnbmb Bflobhcßƒ

A. Bflobhcw ]m]n®h¿

B. Bflobhcw ]m]n°p∂ kabw

C. Bflobhcßfpw kz`mhnI IgnhpIfpw

XΩnep≈ _‘w

D. BflobhcßfpsS Dt±iw

E. Ir]mhcw Xncn®dnbp∂Xv

1. ka¿∏Whpw a\ p]pXp°epw

2. kpt_m[hpw hy‡hpamb Nn¥

F. Ir]mhcßsf°pdn®p≈ hnhn[

]Tn∏n°epIƒ

1. Ir]hcßƒ hnIkn∏ns®Sp°Ww

2. Ir]mhcßsf AhKWn°m\nSbmtb°mw

3. Ir]mhcßƒ Zpcp]tbmKw

sNøs∏t´°mw

4. Ir]mhcßƒ Xncns®Sp°m\mhmØXv

G. Ir]mhcßƒ°v \n¿∆N\w

1. tdma¿ 12:6- 8

a. ]hN\w

b. ipiqj

c. D]tZiw

d. ]t_m[\w

e. Zm\w

f. `cn°pI

g. IcpW

2. Fs^ky¿ 4:11˛12

a. As∏mkvXeXzw

b. ]hmNI≥

c. kphtijI≥

d. CSb≥/D]tZjvSmhv

3. 1 ]sXmkv 4:10˛11

4. 1 sImcn¥y¿ 12:8˛10

a. ⁄m\Øns‚ hN\w

b. ]cn⁄m\Øns‚ hN\w

c. hnizmkw

d. tcmKim¥nIƒ/hocy]h¿ØnIƒ

e. Bflm°fpsS hnthN\w

f. `mjIfpsS hymJym\w

g. klmbßƒ

h. ]cn]me\w

VIII. ]cnip≤mflimkvXØns‚ D]kwlmcw

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚

hc-ßƒ

I. BapJw

hc-ßƒ \¬Ip∂ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ipiqjsb

kw_‘n®v hni-Z-amb ]T\w Bh-iy-am-Wv. ]cn-ip-

≤m-flm-hns‚ Ct∏m-gsØ ]h¿Ø-\-sØ-°pdn®v

hfsc-b-[nIw A`n-]m-b-hy-Xym-kßƒ bmYmÿnI

InkvXym-\n-IfpsS a≤y-Øn¬ \ne-\n¬°p-∂p.

Icnkvam‰n°v ]ÿm-\-Øns‚ (A¤pXhc-ßƒ°v

]m[m\yw \¬Ip∂ hn`mKw) Bcw- hpw hf¿®bpw,

h-c-ß-sf-°p-dn®v s]mXp-hmbn ]Tn-°p-∂-Xn\v apºv AS-

bm-f -h-c -ßƒ Ah-km-\n®p F∂p≈ hnjbw

hniZambn ]Tn°phm≥ \n¿_‘n°p-∂p. ]e

Icnkvam‰n°v Kq∏p-Ifpw InkvXp-hns‚ hy‡n-Xz-

Ønepw Iqinse Xs‚ the-bnepw ]q¿Æ-ambn

hnizkn-°p∂p. F∂m¬ CXv Icn-kvam-‰n°v Nn¥m-K-

XnIfpw A√mØ Nn¥mKXnIfpw XΩnep≈ A¥cw

Ipd-bv°p-∂n-√. c≠p- hn- m-K-°m-cpw InkvXp-hnep≈

bYm¿∞ hnizmkw AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ Ah-

cpsS kmtlm-Z-cy-_‘w AwKoI-cn-°p-hm≥ X°-

hÆw acym-Zbpw at\m-`m-hhpw D≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°pw.

F¶nepw ssZh-im-kvX-Ønepw ssIkvX-h -k- m-kw-

_-‘-amb XXz-im-kvX-Ønepap≈ Bg-ta-dnb hyXym-

k-ßƒ H∂n®v Bflm¿∞-Xbp≈ XpS¿®-bmb

]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v XS- -ambnØocm-dp-≠v. ]cn-ip-≤m-

flm-im-kvX-Ønse Nne hnj-b-ßƒ hnizm-k-Øns‚

Nne ASn-ÿm-\-L-S-I-ß-fmbn a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-

bpw. CXv InkvXym-\n-Isf Ahn-izm-kn-I-fn¬ \n∂v

th¿Xn-cn-°p-hm-≥(a-X-`rw-i-Øn¬ FØn-°p-hm≥)

apJm-¥n-c-am-Ip-∂p. Icnkvam‰n°v Kq∏pw A√mØ

Kq∏pw XΩn-ep≈ A¥cw AhcpsS hnizm-k-Øn\v

B[m-c-ambncn°p∂ AXn- ]m-[m-\y-a√mØ D]-tZ-i-

hn-j-b-ß-fm-Wv. b-Ym¿∞-Øn¬ AS-bmf hc-ßƒ


297

\n∂pt]mbn F∂Xv a‰p≈ D]tZi-hn-j-b-ß-fp-ambn

XmcXayw sNøp-tºmƒ Hcp sNdnb A¥cw amX-am

Wv. ]cnip≤mflmhv F√m hnizm-kn-I-fnepw hkn-°p-

∂p-thm, AtXm Nne-cn¬ amX-am-tWm ]cnip≤mfl

kv\m\w ]Zhntbm ]iv\-_m-[nX A\p- -htam, Hcp

hy‡n ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ IqSp-Xembn ]m]n-°p-

hm≥ ]m¿∞nt°W-tam, Ct∏mgpw k`m shfn-∏m-

SpIƒ e`n°p∂ At∏mkvX-e-∑mcpw ]hm-N-I-∑mcpw

Dt≠m XpSßn ]m[m-\y-ap≈ hnjßƒ Cu ]T-\-

Øn¬ Dƒs∏Sp-Øn-bn- p-≠v. Icn-kvam‰n°v Kq∏p-Isf

Cu hnj-bßƒ ]et∏mgpw Nn¥m-Ip-g∏Øn-em-°m-

dp-≠v. Nne ]tXyI hnjbßfpsS hymJym\Øn¬

AhcpsS \ymbhn[nbpw Dd∏m°mtamsb∂p≈ tNm

Zyhpw Db¿∂p hcp∂p(A\p- -h-ßfpsS hymJym\w

]kvXm-hn -°p-∂n√). Ipd™Xv Icnkvam‰nIv

D]tZißƒ ss__nfpambn ]cn-tim-[n-°p-hm≥

XSkap≠mIbn√, CXv ]cnip-≤m-fl-imkvXw kw_-

‘n®v D∂-X-ta-J-e-I-fn¬ ]e sX‰pIfpw hcp-Øn-bn-

´p -s≠-¶nepw hN-\-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-an -√msX

Icnkvam‰n°pIm¿ ]kvXmhn-°p∂ Hmtcm Bi-b-

ßfpw \mw AwKo-I-cn-t°≠ Bh-iy-an-√. hnizmkn-

Iƒ°v A\p- -h-ßsf tNmZyw sNøp-hm≥ AhImi-

ap≠v ImcWw A\p- -h-Øns‚ Bcw`w am\p-jn-Itam

ss]im-Nn-Itam BImw. amX-a√ kXy-Øn-s‚bpw

hN-\-Øn-s‚bpw ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ CXv ]cntim-[n®v

hkvXpX shfns∏SpØm-\p≈ Npa-X-ebpw InkvXym-

\n-Iƒ°p-≠v.

D]tZiØn\pw km£yØn\pw hcphn≥!

Ah¿ Cu hm°p t]mse ]dbp∂n√msb¶n¬

˛Ah¿°p AcptWmZbw D≠mIpIbn√

(sbi. 8:20).

Ah¿ sX tem\n°bnep≈hsc°mƒ

DØ∑mcmbncp∂p. Ah¿ hN\w ]q¿Æ

PmKXtbmsS ssIsIm≠X√msX AXp

Aßs\ Xs∂tbm F∂v Zn\w]Xn

XncpshgpØpIsf ]cntim[n®p t]m∂p

(As∏m. 17:11).

kIehpw tim[\ sNbvXv \√Xv apdpsI

]nSn∏n≥(1 sX . 5:21).

]nbap≈hsc, I≈]hmNI∑m¿ ]ecpw

temIØnte°v ]pds∏´ncn°bm¬ GXv

Bflmhnt\bpw hnizkn°msX Bflm°ƒ

ssZhØn¬ \n∂p≈htbm F∂v tim[\

sNbvhn≥(1 tbml. 4:1).

Icn-kvam-‰n°v Kq∏vImcpw A√mØhcpw XΩn-ep≈

A`n]mb-hy-Xymkw D≈ taJ-e-I-sf-°p-dn®v

t\csØ ]Tn-∏n-®n- p-≈-Xn-\m¬ ChnsS hc-ß-fpsS

taJ-e-Iƒ°v amXw Du∂¬ \¬In ]Tn°mw.

II. ASbmfßfpsS Ahkm\w

A. AS-bm-f-hcßfpsS Ah-km-\-Øn\v hN-\-Øns‚

km≤yX

hN-\ ]t_m-[-\hpw InkvXphns‚ ssZh-Xzhpw ]cn-

K-Wn-°p-tºmƒ AS-bm-f-hcßƒ \n∂pt]mbn F∂

hmZw Hcp Ccpºv Ih-N-am-sW∂v Nn¥n-t°≠ Bh-

iy-an-√. F¥m-bn-cp-∂mepw At∏m-kvX-en-I-Im-e-

Øns‚ Ah-km-\-tØmsS AS-bm-f-h-c-ßƒ Ah-km-

\n®p F∂ \nK-a-\-Øn¬ FØp-hm≥ hN-\-Ønse

sXfn-hp-Iƒ \sΩ klm-bn-°p-∂p. At∏m-kvX-e-

∑mtcmSpIqsS AS-bm-f-h-cßƒ Ah-km-\n -®n -

´ns√¶n¬ Cu Ime-sØ-°pdn®p≈ ss__n-fns‚

NnXoI-cWw \sΩ Nn¥m-°p-g-∏-Øn-te°v \bn-°p-

∂-Xm-Wv. AS-bm-f-h-c-ßƒ At∏mkvX-e-∑m-cpsS Ime-

L-´-tØmsS Ah-km-\n°pw F∂v ss__n-fn¬

hy‡ambn ]Tn-∏n-®n- p-an√ F∂-Xn-\m¬ AS-bm-f-h-

cßƒ \n∂p-t]mIpw F∂ Bibw ss__n-fn¬

\n∂v bp‡n-]-c-ambn Hgn-hm-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. F∂m¬

ss__n-fn¬ Xcp∂ sXfn-hp-Iƒ A\p-k-cn®v AS-

bm-f-h-c-ßƒ At∏mkvX-enI Ime-L- -tØmSpIqsS

Ah-km-\n°pw F∂v Xs∂-bmWv Hm¿∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Nne

hcßƒ Ah-km-\n®p F∂ NcnX-h-kvXp-X, CXv icn-

bmb hkvXp-X-bm-sW∂ Cu Nn¥m-K-Xnsb ]n≥

Xmßp∂p.

1. Hcp hc-Øns‚ Ah-km-\-Øn-\p≈ ZrjvSm¥w

At∏m-kvX-e-Xz-Øn-\p≈ hcw Ah-km-\n®p F∂

Bi-bsØ FXn-¿°p-hm≥ _p≤nap- m-Wv. At∏m-kvX-

e-Xz-Øns‚ Hcp tbmKyX Dbn¿sØgp-t∂‰ I¿Øm-

hns\ I≠v km£n-bm-bn-cn-°Ww F∂-Xm-Wv. At∏m.

1:21- 22 hscbp≈ hmIy-ß-fn¬ Hcp hy‡n At∏m-

kvX-e-\m-Ip-hm\p≈ tbmKyXbpw CkvI-tømØv

bqZbv°v ]Icw as‰mcp hy‡nsb sXcs™Sp-

°p∂Xpw ]cma¿in°p-∂p.

BIbm¬ I¿Ømhmb tbip tbml∂ms‚

kv\m\w apX¬ \sΩ hn´v BtcmlWw

sNbvX \mƒ hsc \ΩpsS CSbn¬ k©cn®p

t]m∂ ImesØ√mw RßtfmSpIqsS \S∂

]pcpj∑mcn¬ HcpØ≥ RßtfmSpIqsS

Ahs‚ ]p\cp∞m\Øn≥ km£ybmbn

XotcWw. Aßs\ Ah¿ bqkvsXmkv F∂p

adpt]cp≈ _¿i_m F∂ tbmtk^v,

\yqat‰mfPn: ]cnip≤mflmhns‚ hcßƒ: `mKw 2

298

a∞nbmkv F∂o c≠v t]sc \n¿Øn: kIe

lrZbßsfbpw Adnbp∂ I¿Ømth, Xs‚

ÿetØ°v t]mtI≠Xn\v bqZm Hgn™p

t]mb Cu ipiqjbpsSbpw At∏mkvXeXz

Øns‚bpw kvYm\w e`nt°≠Xn\v Cu

Ccphcn¬ Ghs\ \o Xncs™SpØncn°p

∂p F∂v ImWn®v XtcWsa F∂v ]m¿∞n®v

AhcpsS t]¿°v Noń´p (At∏m. 1:21- 25).

.... Rm≥ At∏mkvXe≥ A√tbm? \ΩpsS

I¿Ømhmb tbiphns\ Rm≥ I≠nń√

tbm? .....(1 sIm-cn. 9:1).

1 sImcn 15:1˛10 hsc hmIy-ß-fn¬ ]utemkv

Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂‰ InkvXp-hns‚ ]Xy-£X hnh-cn-

°p-∂p. 8˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ F√m-h¿°pw HSp-hn¬

X\n°p e`n® Dbn¿∏ns‚ ]Xy-£-Xbpw

Dbn¿sØgpt∂‰ InkvXphns\ I≠ kabw Akm-

[m-c-Whpw hfsc Xma-kn-®m-sW∂pw Hm¿∏n-°p-∂p.

Akm-[m-c-W-ambn hfsc Xma-kn-®mWv ]utemkv

I¿Øm-hns\ I≠-Xv. 9˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ s]s´∂v

Dbn¿sØgpt∂‰ InkvXp-hns\ I≠ km£yhpw

At∏mkvX-e-Xzhpw XΩn¬ _‘n∏n°p∂p.

F√mh¿°pw HSphn¬ AIme]P t]msebp

≈ F\n°pw ]Xy£\mbn; Rm≥ At∏m

kvXe∑mcn¬ G‰hpw sNdnbh\t√m; ssZh

k`sb D]Zhn®Xn\m¬ At∏mkvXe≥ F∂

t]cn\v tbmKy\pa√ (1 sImcn. 15:8˛9).

C∂v Pohn -®n -cn -°p -∂-h¿ Bcpw Xs∂ Xs‚

Dbn¿sØgp-t∂¬∏ns‚ Ime-L- -Øn¬ Pohn-®n- n-√m-

Ø-hcpw Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂‰ InkvXp-hns\ I≠n- n-√m-

Ø-hcpw BI-bm¬ At∏mkvX-e-∑mcmbn Bcpw

Xs∂ C√. hN-\-tØmSv Iqń-t®¿°p-hm≥ D≈ A[n-

Im-csØ ]q¿Æ-ambn C√mbva sNøp∂ ][m-\-s∏´

Hcp hkvXp-X-bm-Wn-Xv. ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øns‚ Hcp `mK-

am-Ip-hm-\p≈ Fgp-Øp-Iƒ At∏m-kvX-enIw Bbn-

cn-°Ww(At∏mkvX-e-∑m¿ Fgp-Xn-btXm, At∏m-kvX-

e-∑mcpsS \nco£-W-Øn¬ Fgp-Xn-b-tXm), At∏m

kvX-e-∑m-cpsS A`mhw hN-\-Øns‚ Imt\m-\n-IXzw

]q¿Æ-ambn Ahkm\n∏n®p F∂v Dd∏n°p∂p.

Fs^. 2:20- ¬ As∏mkvX-enI hcw Ah-km-\n-®pthm

C√tbm F∂p≈ hmZ]Zn-hm-Z-ßƒ°pw ]q¿Æambn

hncmaw Ipdn-bv°p-∂p. ChnsS At∏mkvXe-∑msc

k`bpsS ASn-ÿm-\ -]-Wn-bpsS Ime-L-´-Øn¬

amXw ImWp-∂p.

InkvXp tbip Xs∂ aqe°√mbncns°

\nßsf At∏mkvXe∑mcpw ]hmNI∑mcpw

F∂ ASnÿm\Ønt∑¬ ]WnXncn°p∂p

(Fs^. 2:20).

hcw Ah-km-\n-°p∂p F∂ Bibw hN-\- hncp≤-

a√. At∏mkvX-e-Xzhpw Ah-km-\n®p a‰ph-c-ßfpw

Ah-km-\n-®p(At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cp-ambn _‘s∏´-h)

F∂p≈ Bibw X≈n-°-fbphm≥ hymJym-Xm-

°ƒ°v CS-bm-I-cp-Xv.

2. At∏mkvXe-∑mcpambn _‘s∏´ AS-bm-f-h-c-ßƒ

hN\w AS-bm-f-h-c-ßsf(`m-j, tcmKim¥n, A¤p-

Xßƒ XpS-ßn-b-h) At∏m-kvX-e∑mcpambn _‘-

s∏-Sp-Ønbncn°p∂p. At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-c-√mØhcmb

kvsX^m-t\m-kpw(-A-t∏m. 6:8), nen-t∏m-kpw(-A-t∏m.

8:6) sImcn-¥nse hnizm-kn-Iƒt]mepw A¤p-X-ßƒ

sNbvXp. CXv ss__nƒ shfn-s∏-Sp∂ At∏mkvX-e-

∑mcpw AS-bm-f-h-c-ßfpw XΩn-ep≈ i‡amb

_‘sØ C√m-Xm-°p-∂n-√. At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-c-√m-Ø-

h¿ ]tbmKn® i‡n, At∏mkvXe-Xz-Øn-\m-bp≈

ssZh-Øns‚ AwKo-Im-c-Øn-\p≈ Dd∏ns‚ mK-ambn

ImWp-hm≥ Ignbpw. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v ]tXmkv apJm-

¥n-chpw ]tXm-kns‚ \nb-¥-W-Øn¬ ipiqj

sNbvX-h¿ apJm-¥n-chpw I¿Øm-hn¶te°v IS-∂p-

h-∂-h¿°v hfsc A¤p-X-Ic-amb hc-ßƒ D≈-h-cm-

bn-cp∂p. Cu hkvXpX ]tXm-kns\ ssZhw Hcp

At∏mkvX-e-\m-°n(-]-tXyI ZuXy-ambn ssZh-Øm¬

Ab-bv°-s∏-´-h¿) F∂-Xns\ shfns∏Sp-Øp-∂p.

IqSmsX At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-c-√m-Ø-h¿°v AS-bm-f-h-c-

ßƒ ]h¿Øn-°p-hm-\p≈ Ignhv a‰p≈ At∏m-kvX-

e-∑mcm¬ \evIs∏ńcp∂p F∂p Nn¥n-°p-hm≥

Ignbpw(tdma. 1:11; 1 Xnsam. 4:14; 2 Xnsam. 1:6). Aßs\-

bm-sW¶n¬ At∏mkvXe-∑m-c-√m-Ø-h¿ \n¿∆-ln®

ASbmfh-c-ßƒ Hcp At∏m-kvX-es‚ ÿnco-

IcWØn\v XpeyamWv.

hfsc hni-Zo-IcWw IqSmsX Xs∂ c≠v kXyßfpw

AwKo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. At∏mkvX-e-∑m-c-√m-Ø-

h-¿ AS-bm-f-h-c-ßƒ ]h¿Øn-®n-´p-≠v. F¶nepw

At∏mkvX-e-∑msc AS-bm-f-h-c-ß-fpambn hN\w

_‘-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p F∂Xv kXyamWv. Hcp At∏m

kvXes‚ e£Wßsf ]utemkv 2 sImcn. 12:12˛¬

]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p.

At∏mkvXes‚ e£Wßƒ ]q¿Ækln

jvWXbnepw ASbmfßfmepw A¤pXßfm

epw hocy]h¿ØnIfmepw \nßfpsS CSbn¬

shfns∏´p h∂pht√m (2 sImcn. 12:12).

AS-bm-f-h-c-ßƒ At∏m-kvX-e-Xz-Øns‚ ASbmf-ß-

fm-sW-¶n-¬, Ah¿ At∏mkvX-en-I- Imew apgph\pw


299

\ne-\n∂hcmsW∂v ]Xo-£n-°p-hm≥ km≤ya√.

adn®v At∏mkvX-e-∑m-c-√m-Ø-hcpw At∏mkvX-e-

∑mcpambn _‘-an-√m-Ø-hcpam-b-hsc t_m[ys∏Sp-

Øp-hm-\mbn Ahsc tkhn-°p-∂-h-cp-am-Imw (H-∂p-

In¬ At∏mkvX-e-∑m¿ \evInb hcßtfm At∏m-

kvX-e-∑mcneqsS cq]m-¥-cs∏´-htcm At∏mkvX-e-

∑mcpsS hy‡n]camb A[n-Im-c-Øn≥ Iogn¬ ipiq-

jn-°p-∂-h-tcm). Cu \nK-a\w bp‡n]-c-ambn icn-bm-

sW-¶nepw ss__nƒ Hm¿∏n°p∂-Xv, At∏m-kvX-

eXzw Ah-km-\n-®-tXm-Sp-IqSn AS-bm-f-h-cßfpw Ah-

km-\n®p F∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬ Cu hc

ßfpsS Dt±iyw At∏mkvX-e-∑msc ÿncoIcn°pI

F∂p-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p(-]-Xy-£amtbm ]tcm£amtbm).

]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ ASbm-f-h-c-ßsf At∏m-kvX-e-

∑mcpambn _‘-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p -≈Xv ]utemkv

amXa√. AS-bm-f-h-cßfpw At∏m-kvX-e-∑mcpw

XΩn¬ At∏mkvX-e-]-hr-Øn-I-fn¬ Atßm-f-

antßmfw _‘s∏´p InS-°p-∂p.

F√mh¿°pw `bambn; At∏mkvXe∑mcm¬

Gdnb A¤pXßfpw ASbmfßfpw \S∂p

(At∏m. 2:43).

At∏mkvXe∑mcpsS ssIøm¬ P\Øns‚

CSbn¬ ]e ASbmfßfpw A¤pXßfpw

\S∂p; Ah¿ F√mhcpw GIa\t msS

itemtams‚ aWvU]Øn¬ IqSnhcnI

]Xnhmbncp∂p( At∏m. 5:12).

F∂m¬ Ah¿ hfscImew AhnsS]m¿Øp;

I¿Ømhn¬ Bibn®v ]mK¬`ytØmsS

]kwKn®psIm≠ncp∂p; Ah≥ Xs‚

Ir]bpsS hN\Øn\v km£n \n∂p, AhcpsS

ssIøm¬ ASbmfßfpw A¤pXßfpw

D≠mIphm≥ hcw \¬In, F∂m¬ ]´WØn

se P\kaqlw `n∂n®v Nne¿ blqZ∑mcpsS

]£Ønepw Nne¿ At∏mkv Xe∑mcpsS

]£Ønepw Bbn (At∏m. 14:3˛4).

Xs‚ At∏m-kvX-e-XzsØ Dd∏n®p-sIm≠v ]utemkv

Xs‚ A[n-Imcw tdma-k- -I-fpsS ta¬ kzm[o-\n-°-

Ø° \ne-bn¬ Xs‚ Ign-hp-Iƒ AS-bm-f-h-c-ßfpsS

taJ-e-bn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®p. (tdm-a. 15:15- 16; tdma. 1:1˛5;

11:13 ImWp-I.

InkvXp Rm≥ apJm¥cw PmXnIfpsS

A\pkcWØn\mbn´v hN\Ømepw ]h¿

Ønbmepw ASbmfßfpsSbpw A¤pXßfp

sSbpw i‡nsIm≠pw ]cnip≤mflmhns‚

i‡nsIm≠pw ]h¿Øn®Xv A√msX

as‰m∂pw an≠phm≥ Rm≥ Xp\nbpIbn√.

Aßs\ Rm≥ bcpitew apX¬ C√qcy

tZitØmfw Np‰n k©cn®v InkvXphns‚

kphntij tLmjWw ]qcn∏n®ncn°p∂p

(tdma. 15:18- 19).

Ah-km-\-ambn Ign-™-Im-e-ß-fn¬ AS-bm-f -h-c-ß-

fm¬ ssZh-Øns‚ ÿnco -I -cWw F_m-b

teJ\Imc≥ FSpØp ImWn-°p-∂p.

I¿Ømhv Xm≥ ]d™pXpSßnbXpw ssZhw

ASbmfßfmepw A¤pXßfmepw hnhn[

hocy]h¿ØnIfmepw Xs‚ CjvS]Imcw

]cnip≤mflmhns\ \¬InsIm≠pw km£n

\n∂Xpw tI´h¿ \ap°v Dd∏n®p X∂Xpamb

CX henb c£ \mw KWyam°msX

t]mbm¬ Fßs\ sX‰n Hgnbpw

(F_m. 2:3˛4).

F_mb¿ 2˛¬ ]hrØn Dd∏n°s∏´ ka-b-Øp-

Xs∂ ssZhw km£n \n∂p F∂v A¿∞am-°p-∂p.

Aßs\ ssZh-Øns‚ Dd∏pw km£n \n∂Xpw `qX-

I-m-eØn-em-Wv. Aßs\ I¿Ømhv Dd∏n®p X∂Xpw

km£n\n∂Xpw `qXImeØnemWv. F_m-b-te-J-\-

I¿Ømhv ]d-bp-∂Xv, qX-Im-e-Øn¬ Xs∂ InkvXp-

hns‚ `uXn-I-ip-iq-j-bn¬(]-T-\w) km£n-I-fm-

bncp∂hsc \ap-°mbn Dd∏n®p X∂p. ssZhw `qX-

Im-e-Øn¬Xs∂ Ahbv°v AS-bm-f-h-c-ßƒ \¬Ip-

Ibpw km£n-\n¬°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

I¿Øm-hns\ hy‡n-]-c-ambn Adn-™-h¿ Bsc∂v

Dd-∏n-°p-I-bmWv Cu AS-bm-f-ß-fpsS Dt±-iyw. Cu

`mKw At∏mkvX-e-∑msc amXw Dƒs∏Sp-Øp∂ Iq -

ambn ]cn -an -X -s∏-Sp -Øp -∂n -√. I¿Øm-hns‚

hy‡n]camb D]-tZ-i-Øn¬IqsS ]Tn-®-hcpw AS-bm-

f-ß-fn¬IqsS ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv Dd∏n-®p-X-∂-h-cp-amb

ASn-ÿm-\-Iq-´-amWv At∏mkvX-e-∑msc∂v Xs‚

hmb-\-°m¿ hnNm-cn-°p-sa∂v a\ nem-°n-bmWv

F_m-b-te-J-\-°m-c≥ CsX-gp-Xp-∂-Xv. `qX-Im-e-

Dd∏m°¬ipiq -j-bn¬ At∏mkvX-e-∑m¿°v

F¶nepw ]m[m\yw \¬Ip∂p. apI-fn¬ ]d™n-cn-

°p∂ hmIyßsfms° At∏m-kvX-e-∑mcpw AS-bm-

fßfpw XΩn¬ _‘s∏´n-cn-°p-∂p. At∏mkvX-e-

∑m¿ I¿Ømhn¬ \n∂v tI -h-cm-sW∂pw ]tXy-I-

ambn F_m-b-te-J\Øn¬ \n∂v hymJym-Xmhv

Nn¥n°phm≥ CS-bm-Ip-∂p.

GXv \ne-bnepw AS-bm-f-ß-fmep≈ ÿncoI-cWw

Hcp `qX-Ime A\p- -h-am-Wv. At∏mkvX-e-∑m-cmtbm

I¿Ømhns‚ D]-tZ-i-Øns‚ km£n-I-fmtbm D≈


300

Bcpw-Xs∂ C∂v \n¬\n¬°p-∂n-√. AXp-sIm≠v

km[mc-W-\n-e-bn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ hgn-Iƒ/]hr-Øn-

Iƒ AS-bm-f-hcßfn-eqsS C∂pw XpScp∂p F∂v

hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ km≤y-a-√.

AS-bm-f-h-c-ßƒ At∏m-kvX-e-∑mcpambn _‘s∏

SpØp∂Xns\ XSbp∂ sNdnb \ymbo-I-c-W-ßƒ

D≠v. IqSmsX A\y-`m-j(1-sIm-cn. 14:22) Dƒs∏-sS-

bp≈ AS-bm-f-h-c-ß-fpsS Dt±iyw At∏m-kvX-e-∑msc

ÿnco-I-cn-°pI F∂p≈Xm-bn-cp∂p. AXp-sIm≠v

At∏m-kvXenIhcw Ah-km-\n-°p-∂-tXm-Sp-IqsS AS-

bm-f-h-c-ßfpw Ah-km-\n®p F∂v A\p-am-\n-°p-∂Xv

\ymbamWv.

3. mjbpw bnkm-tbepw kw_-‘-amb AS-bm-fßƒ

`mjm-hcw F∂ AS-bm-f-Øn\v blq-Z-∑m-cpsS CS-

bn¬ ]tXyIamb ]m[m\yw D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xmbn

1 sImcn. 19:21- 22 hmIy-ß-fn¬ ]utemkv Hm¿∏n°p∂p.

""A\y`mjIfmepw A\y∑mcpsS A[cß

fmepw Rm≥ Cu P\tØmSv kwkmcn°pw

F¶nepw Ah¿ Fs‚ hm°v tI¬°bn√m

F∂v I¿Ømhv Acpfns®øp∂p'' F∂v

\ym]amWØn¬ FgpXnbncn°p∂p. AXp

sIm≠v A\y`mjIƒ ASbmfambncn °p∂Xv

hnizmknIƒ°√, AhnizmknIƒ°sX;

]hN\tam AhnizmknIƒ°√, hnizmknIƒ

°v Xs∂ (1 sImcn. 14:21- 22).

21- mw hmIyw sbi. 28:11 se D≤-c-Wn-bm-Wv. sbi-

øm-hns‚ hm°pIfn¬ bnkm-tb¬ ssZhsØ Ah-

cpsS kz¥w `mj-bn¬(\m-hv) A\p-k-cn-°m-ØXp

\nanØw Ah¿ A\y-cm-Py-Øns‚ i_vZw(-`m-j)

tIƒ°p-hm≥ X°-hÆw hS-t°-tZ-i-Øp≈ ]Øv

tKmXßsf iXp-cm-Py-amb Aiq-cn°v G¬∏n®p

sImSp-Øp. sbi-øm-hns‚ ImeØv A\y- mj F∂Xv

bnkm-tb-en-\p≈ \ymb-hn-[n-bpsS AS-bm-f-am-bn-cp-∂p.

]utemkv \nh¿Øn-°-s∏´ ]h-N-\-ßsf A[n-I-

ambn sbi-øm-hn¬\n∂pw ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂n-s√-¶nepw

]e mK-ßfpw hni-Zo-I-cWß-fmbn Hm¿∏n°p∂p. ]g-

b-Im-eßfn¬ bnkm-tb-en-t\mSp≈ ssZh-Øns‚

\oc-k-ambn A\y- m-j-Isf ImWm-am-bn-cp-∂p. CtX

amXrI Bcw-`-Im-e-k-`-I-fnepw Bh¿Øn-®ncp∂p.

]Tn-®n-´n-√mØ hntZ-i(-A-\y)-`mj kwkm-cn-°p-hm-

\p≈ Ignhv At∏mkvX-e-∑msc34 Dd∏m°p∂-Xn-\p≈

AS-bm-f-h-c-am-bn-cp∂p F¶nepw At∏mkvXe-∑m-cpsS

ÿncoI-c-W-Øn\p≈ AtX ]Inb Xs∂ bnkm-

tb-ent\mSp≈ AXr-]vXnbpw \ymbn-hn-[nbpw shfn-

s∏SpØp-hm≥ ssZhw D]-tb-Kn -®p. AS-bm-f -

hcßfpsS c≠v Dt±-iyhpw ]q¿Æ-am-°p-∂-h-bm-bn-

cp-∂p. At∏mkvX-e-∑m-cn¬Iq-sSbpw k`-bn¬Iq-

sSbpw ]h¿Øn-°p-hm≥ ssZhw Bcw`n°p-tºmƒ

]ptcmlnX∑m-cn¬Iq-sSbpw blq-Z-a-X-Øn¬Iq-sSbpw

D≈ ssZh-Øns‚ ]h¿Ø\w am‰p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p. k -

bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-L-S-I-ambn At∏mkvX-e-∑m-sc AS-

bm-fßfn¬IqsS Dd∏n°ptºmƒ AXv Bebw/

]utcmlnXytØmSpw tehy Ia-tØm-Sp-ap≈ \ymb-

hn-[n-bpsS AS-bm-f-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p. AXv \o°s∏´Xv

ssZh-Øns‚ Cu qan-bnse ]h¿Ø\-ßƒ°v apJm-

¥n-c-am-bn.

\mhv(- m-j) Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v Hcp AS-bm-f-am-sW∂v

1 sIm-cn. 14:31-˛22 hsc ]Tn∏n°p∂p. CXv blq-Z-

∑m¿°v amX-ambn ]cn-an-X-s∏SptØ≠-Xn-√. bnkm-

tb-en\v ]tXy-I-amb AS-bm-f-ß-sfm∂pw sImSp-°p-

∂n-√m-sb∂v InkvXp Hm¿∏n®p.(a-Øm-bv. 16:4, a¿s°m.

8:12). F∂m¬ bnkm-tb-en-t\-°mƒ hyXy-kvX-ambn

As∏mkvX-e-∑m¿°v AS-bm-f -h-c -ßƒ \evIn

AhcpsS ]Z-hnsb ÿnco-I-cn®p (tdm-a. 15:19-˛20).

Fßs\-bm-sW-¶nepw blq-Z-P-\sØ ASn-ÿm-\-]-

c-ambn ""Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ'' F∂ hn`m-K-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-

Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. A\y-`mj F∂Xv Ahn-izm-kn-

Iƒ°v Hcp AS-bm-f-ambn ]utemkv ]Tn∏n®p. hniz-

kn-°p-hm≥ hnk-Ω-Xn-°p∂ blq-Z-∑m¿°v Hcp AS-

bm-f-ambpw CXv A\p- -h-s∏- p.(Hgnhm-°p-∂Xv blq-

Z-∑m¿°p≈ AS-bm-f-a-√, Du∂n∏dbp∂Xn-eq-sS-bp≈

AS-bm-fw). AS-bm-f-h-cßfpw mj-Ifpw Ahn-izm-kn-

I-fmb sblq-Z-∑m¿°v sbi-øm-hns‚ Ime-L-

´sØt∏mse \ymb-hn-[n-bp-ambn _‘s∏SpØn

Nn¥n-°p-hm≥ CS-bm-tI-≠-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Cu AS-bm-

fßƒ At∏mkvXe∑m-cpsS ÿnco-I-c-W-Øn\v apJm-

¥n-c-am-Ip-tºmƒ Xs∂ AXv Ahn-izm-kn-I-fmb

blqZ -a -XsØ X≈n-°-f -bp -∂-Xpw hcphm≥

t]mIp∂ \ymb-hn-[n-I-sfbpw Hm¿∏n°p-∂p. k`bv°v

ASn-ÿm-\-am-bn-Øo-cp∂ At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cpsS

]h¿Øn-Isf ssZhw AwKo-Icn®p. ssZhw bnkm-

tb-en-t\mSv tIm]n°pIbpw sNbvXp.

AS-bm-f-h-cßƒ Ah-km-\n-°p∂ Imcyß-tfm-Sp≈

_‘-Øn¬ CXv Fßs\ tbmPn°pw F∂v hmb-\-

°m¿ A¤p-Xs∏t´-°mw. `mjm-hcw AS-bm-f-ambn

sImSp-Ø-Xns‚ Hcp Dt±iyw ssZhw blq-Z-a-XsØ

X≈n-°-f-bp∂p F∂v ImWn-°p-hm-\m-Wv. Cßs\-

sbmcp AS-bm-f-Øn\v bmsXmcp Bh-iyhpw D≠m-

bncp∂n√. F.Un 70˛¬ P\-d¬ ss‰‰-Uns‚ t\Xr-


34 "\mhv' F∂-Xn\v `mj F∂ \ne-bn-ep≈ \n¿∆-

N\w t]Pv. 276- 278˛¬ sXfn-bn-®n- p≠v.

301

Xz-Øn-ep≈ tdma≥ ssk\yw ssZhm-e-bsØ ]q¿Æ-

ambn \in -∏n -®p. hwim-h-en -bpsS NpcpfpIƒ

]q¿Æambn \in∏n°s∏-´-Xp-sIm≠v A∂p apX¬

]utcmlnXyw C√m-sX-bm-bn. bmK-]o-Thpw arKßsf

bmKw Ign°epw \n∂p t]mbn. ]g-b-\n-ba amXr-I-

°ptijap≈ sblq-Z-a-Xhpw, kphn-ti-j-Øn-s‚bpw

Bcw- -k- bpsSbpw ImesØ blq-Z-a-Xhpw ]q¿Æ-

ambn ]h¿Ø-\-c-ln-X-am-bn(F.Un. 70 apX¬). ssZhm-

e-bw, ]utcmln-Xyw, bmK]oTw, bmKw F∂n-h-

bn¬IqsS ssZhw Hcn-°epw ]h¿Øn-°m-Xn-cp-∂-Xn-

\m¬ AS-bm-fßfpS Bhiyw Hcn-°epw D≠mbn-cp-

∂n-√. B-e-bw, ]utcmln-Xyw, bmKw Ch-sb√mw \ne-

\n¬°m-Xncp∂-Xn-\m¬ B Dt±-iy-Øn¬ Hcp AS-

bmfw Bh-iy-am-bncp∂n√. ssZhw B kwhn-[m-

\sØ ]q¿Æambv Dt]-£n-®-Xp-sIm≠v B kwhn-

[m\w \ne-hn-en-√m-sX-bm-bn. `mjm-h-c-Øns‚ `mKn-

I-amb Hcp Dt±iyw bnkm-tb-en-t\mSp≈ ssZh-

Øns‚ AXr]vXn ImWn-°pI F∂-Xm-bncp∂p.

IqSmsX ssZhw ssZhm-eb kwhn-[m-\-Øn¬ IqsS

C\nbpw Hcn°epw ]h¿Øn-°-bn√ F∂pw

Hm¿∏n°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v Be-b- kw-hn-[m\w

]h¿Ø-\-tbm-Ky-a-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ `mjmh-chpw

]mtbmKnIXeØnen-s√∂v Hcp hy‡n°v a\- n-em-

°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. Cu hkvXpX t\sc Xncn®v Nn¥n-

®m¬ mjm-hcw Ah-km-\n®p F∂v ]Xo-£n-°p-∂Xv

Be-bhpw C√m-Xm-Ip-tºm-gm-Wv. CXv ss__nƒ

]Tn∏n-°p∂ \ymb-amb Is≠-Ø-em-Wv. AS-bm-f-h-

cßfpsS Ah-km-\-sØ-°p-dn®p≈ N¿® hfsc

]m[m\yw A¿ln°p∂ hnj-b-a-s√-¶nepw AS-bm-f-

h-c-ßƒ Iaambn Ah-km-\n-°p-∂p(-te-hy-]u-tcm-ln-

Xy-Øns‚ \mi-Øn-\p-ti-jw) F∂ Bi-bsØ

NcnX]camb hkvXp-X-Iƒ ]n¥m-ßp-∂p.

4. A¤p-XßfpsS Bh¿Ø-\-Øn\v ss__nƒ

amXrI

A¤p-X-ßƒ k¿∆-km-[m-c-W-amb Hcp Ime-L- hpw

XpS¿∂v A¤p-X-ßƒ hfsc A]q¿∆amb Hcp Ime-

L-´hpw CS-hn´v hcp∂ Hcp amXrI ss__nƒ

shfns∏Sp-Øp-∂p. tami, Gen-bm-hv, Gen-i, InkvXp

XpS¿∂v As∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿ F∂o Ime-L-´-ß-fn¬

h¿≤n-X-amb \ne-bn¬ A¤p-Xßƒ kw -hn-®p-sIm-

≠ncp∂p.

Aß-s\-bp≈ Ime-L- -ß-fn¬ hfscb[nIw A¤p-

Xßƒ kw -hn-®p. F¶nepw Cu Ime-L- ßƒ°n-S-

bnepw A¤p-Xßƒ kw`hn®n-cp∂p, F∂m¬ Akm-

[mcWambn-cp-∂p. IqSpX¬ ss__nƒ Ime-L-

´ßfnepw A¤p-X-ßƒ hfsc Ipd-hm-bn-cp∂p. A¤p-

Xßƒ hfsc i‡-ambn kw`-hn® Ime-L-´-ß-

fn¬t]mepw qan-im-kvX]cambn F√m-bn-SØpw F√m-

h¿°pw A¤p-Xßƒ kw`-hn-®n-cp-∂n-√. InkvXp-

hns‚ Cu `qan-bnse ipiq-j-bpsS Ime-L-´-

Øn¬t]mepw ssN\, C¥y, Atd_y≥ \mSp-Iƒ

F∂n-hn-Sßfn¬ e£-°-W-°n\v tcmKn-I-fmb Bfp-

Iƒ IjvS-s∏-´p. InkvXp `qan-bn-em-bn-cp-∂t∏mƒ

F√m Ime-L- -ß-fnepw F√mbnS-Øp-ap≈ F√m a\p-

jy-scbpw kuJya-°p-hm≥ BK-ln-®n-cp-∂n-√.

Genbmhns‚ ImeØv BImiw aqhm≠pw

Bdpamkhpw AS™n v tZiØv Fßpw alm

£maw D≠mbt∏mƒ bnkmtben¬

]ehn[ham¿ D≠mbncp∂p F∂v Rm≥

bYm¿∞ambn \nßtfmSv ]dbp∂p. F∂m¬

kotZm\nse ksc]vXbn¬ Hcp hn[hbpsS

ASp°te°√msX Ahcn¬ BcpsSbpw

ASp°te°v Genbmhns\ Ab®n√. A∆Æw

Feoim ]hmNIs‚ ImeØv bnkmtben¬

]e IpjvTtcmKnIƒ D≠mbncp∂p. kpdnb

°mc\mb \bam≥ A√msX Ahcmcpw ip≤

ambn√ F∂pw AhtcmS v ]d™p

(eqt°m. 4:25˛27).

A¤pXßfpw AS-bm-f-ßfpw \n¿∆-ln-°p-hm≥

C∂pw Ign-hp≠v F∂v Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp∂ At\-I¿

A¤pXßfpsS hym]vXn-bnepw Bh¿Ø-\-Ønepw

bYm¿∞-Øn¬ InkvXp-hns\ sh√p-hm≥ Ignbpw

F∂mWv Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. ss__nƒ ]Xn-]m-Zn-

°p∂ amXrI A¤pXßƒ F√m ÿeØpw F√m

ka-bØpw ssZhw sNøm≥ BK-ln-°p-∂n√ F∂p-

≈-Xm-Wv. AXm-bXv A¤p-X-ßƒ kw`-hn-°p-hm≥

Ignbpw F∂m¬ km[m-c-W-am-b-√. Ct∏mƒ \ap°pw

]Xo-£n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂Xv. ss__nƒ Ncn-X-

Øn¬ `qcn-`m-KØpw ]cm-a¿in-°p∂ Ime-L´w

t]mse-bm-Wv.

B. AS-bm-f-h-c-ßƒ \n∂p -t]mbXn\v NcnX]c-amb

Dd∏v

As∏m-kvX-enI Ime-L- -Øns‚ Ah-km-\-ambn AS-

bm-f-h-cßƒ \n∂p-t]mIpw F∂v ss__nƒ Hm¿∏n-

°p-∂p. AXv \n∂p-t]mbn F∂ NcnXh-kvXpX

At∏m-kvX-enI Ime-Øns‚ Ah-km\w kw -hn®p

F∂v sXfn-bn-°p-∂p. AS-bm-f-h-c-ßƒ At∏mkvX-

enI Ime-L- -tØmsS \n∂pt]mIpw F∂v ss__nƒ

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. hmkvX-h-ambn AXv \n∂v t]mb-Xn-

\m¬ Cu hnjbw kw_-‘n®v hN\w hy‡-ambpw

icn-bmbpw hymJym-\n®p F∂p≈ Dd∏v \ap°p≠mbn-

cn-°pw. AS-bm-f-hcßfn¬ hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h-sc


302

kw_‘n®v CXns‚ sXfn-hn-\p-th≠n hfsc `mc-

s∏SpIbpw At\z-jWw \S-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p.

AXv \n∂p-t]mbn F∂Xv NcnXhkvXp-X-bm-Wv.

AXp-sIm≠v 20-˛mw \q‰m≠nepw35 AS-bm-f-h-cßƒ

Bcw- n°pw F∂-Xn-\p≈ sXfn-hp-Iƒ \¬tI-≠Xv

Aßs\ hniz-kn-°p-∂hcpsS DØchmZnXzw BWv.

c≠m-a-sXmcp s]¥-t°mkvXv A\p-`hw k`m

bpKØn¬ D≠m-Ip-sa∂v ss__nƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p-

∂pthm?

ASbmfhcßƒ apJm¥ncap≈ ssZhØns‚

]h¿Ø\w k`mNcnXØns‚ IqSpX¬ ImeL´

Ønepw \n∂pt]mbn. Aßs\bmbncp∂ns√¶n¬

C∂v Hcp N¿®bpw Bhiyambncp∂n√. ASbmf

hcßƒ \n∂pt]mbn F∂Xv hN\Øn¬\n∂p≈

bp‡n]camb Is≠ØemsW¶nepw (]Xy£amb

]Tn∏n°e√) Ah \n∂p t]mbn F∂Xv BtcmKy

Icamb hnNn¥\Øn¬IqsSbp≈ \nKa\amsW∂v

ImWn°p∂p. At∏mkvXe∑mtcmSpIqsS ASbmf

hcßƒ \n∂pt]mIpw F∂v ssZhhN\w ]Tn∏n

°p∂p. CXv Xo¿®bmbpw \n∂pt]mbXpsIm≠v AXv

hnizmkn°p∂h¿ Hcn°epw sX‰mbn hymJym\n°p

∂hc√.

ASbmfhcßƒ \n∂pt]mbn F∂v k`mNcnXØn¬

\n∂pw hy‡ambn Nq≠n°mWn°phm≥ Ignbpw.36

InkvXphns‚ ho≠pw hchn\pw Bbncam≠p

hmgvNbv°pw apºmbn ho≠pw Cßs\sbmcp Ime

L´w Bcw`n°psa∂v ss__nƒ ASnÿm\am°n

Nq≠n°mWn°phm≥ IgnIbn√. tIm¨Ãm≥Unt\m

∏nƒ k` ]nXmhmb IntkmÃw(345˛407) hnizkn®ncp

∂Xv ASbmfhcßƒ `qXImekw`hamsW∂mWv.

1 sImcn 12 s\°pdn®v At±lw FgpXptºmƒ

ASbmfhcßƒ \n∂pt]mbXpsIm≠v B ImeL´

Ønep≈ P\ßƒ°v Cu `mKw Hcn°epw a\ nem

bnń√ F∂mWv.

""F√m taJeIfpw hfsc Akv]jvSamWv. F∂m¬

Akv]jvSX kw`hn®Xv hkvXpXXIsf°pdn®p≈

\ΩpsS Adnhn√mbvabpw AXv \n∂pt]mbXp

apJm¥nchpamWv. A∂v ]Xnhmbn kw`hn®ncp∂Xpw

Ct∏mƒ Hcn°epw kw`hn°mØXpambh. AXv

F¥psIm≠v C∂v kw`hn°p∂n√? Ct∏mƒ AXv

]cntim[n®m¬ Cu hy‡a√mbva as‰mcp tNmZyhpw

IqsS Dbn¿Øp∂p. A∂v F¥psIm≠v kw`hn®n√?

F¥psIm≠v Ct∏mƒ Hcn°epw Aßs\

kw`hn°p∂n√''? 37

hSt° B^n°bnse lnt∏mbpsS _nj∏mbncp∂

AKÃn≥(A D 354˛430). ASbmfhcßƒ tIm¨Ãm‚n

t\m∏nfn¬ amXa√ B^n°bnepw hy‡ambn

\n∂p t]mbncp∂p.

""BZnaImeßfn¬ ]cnip≤mflmhv hnizkn°p∂

hcpsS ta¬Cdßnh∂ncp∂p. Bflmhv D®cn∏m≥

\¬InbXpt]mse ]Tn®nń√mØ A\y`mjIfn¬

kwkmcn®p. CXv B kabßfn¬ \¬Is∏ńcp∂

ASbmfßfmbncp∂p. CXns‚ B\pIqeyw

Fs¥∂m¬ ]cnip≤mflmhv F√m `mjIfnepw

ap∂dnbn∏v \¬Ip∂p. ssZhØns‚ kphntijw

temIØnepS\ofw F√m `mjbnepw IS∂p

sN√Ww. Hcp ap∂dnbn∏mbn CXv kw`hn®p. ]cnip

≤mflmhns‚ km∂n≤ysØ°pdn®p≈ km£yw Cu

ASbmfßfn¬ IqsS ]Tn°p∂ns√¶n¬ F¥n\m

emWv AXv e`n°pI. ]cnip≤mflmhns\ e`n®p

F∂v F¥n\memWv Dd∏v e`n°pI?'' 38

ASbmfhcßƒ At∏mkvXe∑mcpambn _‘s∏´

Xmbn hN\w NnXoIcn°p∂p. AXpsIm≠v


35 1901- ¬ Im≥km-kn-epw, 1906˛¬ Iment^m¿Wn-bm-bnepwkw -hn® DW¿∆v AS-bm-f-h-cßfpsS DW¿∆m-sW∂v Ah-Im-is∏Sp-∂p. ""s]s¥-t°mkvXv ]ÿm\w'' EardmansHandbook of Christianity in America, edited by mark P.Noll, Nathan O. Hatch, George M. Marsden, David F.Wells, John D. Woodbridge(Grand Rapids: EerdmansPublishing Co., 1983), ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ AXn-]-hm-lsØ°pdn-®p≈ ss__nƒ aqe- m-K-Øn\v A¥y-Im-e-kw- -hßfpambn kmµ¿`nI ]cma¿i-ap-≠v(-sb-l. 36- 39;tbmth¬ 2˛3). Cu hmIyßfp-ambn _‘-s∏- n- p≈ mhn-Ime Bflo-b-A-\p- -hßƒ a\ n-em-°p-hm≥ A≤ymbw12 ImWpI (B-flm-hns‚ henb ]hm-lw).36Ir]mhcw \n∂p t]mbn F∂Xn\m¬ CSbv°v A¤pXßƒ kw`hn°p∂Xns\ FgpØpImc≥ \ntj[n°p∂n√.

ASbmfhcßƒ \n∂pt]mbn F∂p ]dbp∂Xn\m¬ Hcphy‡n°v XpS¿®bmbpw km[mcW PohnXØns‚ Hcp`mKambpw A¤pXßƒ ]h¿Øn°phm\p≈ Ignhv ssZhw sImSp°p∂n√ F∂mWv. DZmlcWambn hnizmkØm¬ kuJyam °phm≥ X°hÆw I¿Ømhv Nne Zm\ßƒsImSpØp F∂p hnizkn°p∂p. as‰m∂v ]m¿∞\bv°vadp]Snbmbn I¿Ømhv Xs∂ Ahsc kuJyam°p∂pF∂p hnizkn°p∂p. At∏mkvXenI ImeØn\ptijwA¤pXßƒ kw`hn® kµ¿`ßƒ D≠mbn´p≠v.F∂m¬ CXv Iaambn CSthfbn¬ kw`hn®nń√ F∂XvXo¿®bmWv (tbiphns‚bpw At∏mkvXe∑mcpsSbpwPohnXØn¬ kw`hn®Xpt]mse).37 Chrysostom, Homilies in the First Corithians, HomilyXXIX, in The Nicene and Post -Nicene Fathers, reprinteded. (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co.,1979) Vol. 12, p. 168.38 Augustine, The Epistle of St. John VI, 10, in The Niceneand Post -Nicene Fathers, reprint ed., (Grand Rapids: Wm.B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1979) Vol. 7, pp. 497- 498.

303

At∏mkvXe∑mcpsS ÿncoIcWw Bhiyan√msX

hcptºmƒ ASbmfhcßfpw \oßnt∏mIp∂p.

ASbmfhcßƒ \oßnt∏mbn F∂ hkvXpX

hN\Øns‚ icnbmb hnNn¥\sØ ImWn°p∂p.

hN\Ønse \nKa\ßfpw NcnXhkvXpXbpw HØp

tN¿∂v Icnkvam‰n°v AhImihmZßfpsS FXncmb

hnebncpØente°v \bn°p∂p. AXmbXv A¤pX

hcßƒ ssZhØns‚ C∂sØ ]h¿Ø\ßƒ°p

≈ am≤yaamWv F∂v Icnkvam‰n°pIm¿ hnizkn

°p∂p.

Icnkvam‰n°v AhImihmZßfpsS c≠masØ

taJe ASbmfhcßfpsS kz`mhamWv. ASbmfhc

ßƒ \n∂pt]mbn F∂v Nn¥n°p∂Xn\p≈ sXfnhp

Iƒ ]Tn°pI amXa√ Icnkvam‰n°v hmZKXnIfpsS

kz`mhw, hN\Øn¬ bYm¿∞ambn ]d™ncn°p∂

hcßfpambn tN¿®bp≈hbmtWm F∂v Xocpam\n

°pIbpw thWw. ChnsS `mjmhchpw tcmKim¥n

hchpw th¿Xncn®v ]Tn°Ww. hN\]Imcap≈

`mjmhcØns‚ kz`mhw F¥v? B[p\nI `mjm

hcßfpw hN\]Imcap≈ `mjbpw H∂p

Xs∂bmtWm?

III. `mj-I-fpsS kz`mhw AYhm ]IrXn

Hcmƒ Hcn-°epw ]Tn-®n-ń-√mØ Hcp hntZ-i-`mj

kwkm-cn-°m-\p≈ A¤p-X-I-c-amb Ign-hm-bn-cp∂p

`mjm hc-ß-fmbn thZ-]p-kvXIw ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Hcmƒ

]Tn-®n- n-√mØ `mj hymJym-\n-°m-\p≈ Ign-hm-bn-

cp∂p hymJym\ hcw.

A. A\y- m-j-Iƒ bYm¿∞ mj-Iƒ F∂ \ne-bn¬

1. skIype¿ Ko°v

AssI-kvXh bh-\-km-lnXyw hni-Z -ambn

ssIImcyw sNøp-∂Xv Cu ]T-\-Øns‚ e£y-Øn-

\-∏p-d-am-Wv. F∂m¬ A]-Im-c-ap≈ Kth-j-W-]-T-\-

Øns‚ cXv\-®p-cp°w \¬Ip-∂Xv ][m-\-am-Wv.

"`mjm' F∂-Xns‚ Ko°p hm°mWv t•m- . (C-Xn¬

\n∂mWv t•m dn (i_vZkwK-lw) F∂ ]Z-ap-≠m-

b-Xv) CXn\v A£-cm¿∞-Øn¬ "\mhv' AYhm

"\m°v' Ft∂m "`mj' Ft∂m A¿∞-ap-≠v. "`mj-

Iƒ' F∂ Ko°p hm°n\v Pev]-\w, Akv]jvS

`mjWw AYhm Nne-bv°¬, l¿tjm-∑m-Z-Øn-se-

∂t]mep≈ kwkmcw F∂o A¿∞-ßƒ I-ev]n-

°m≥ bmsXmcp B[m-c-hp-an-√.

""_p≤n-]-c-a-√mØ, D∑m-Z-]-c-amb kwkmcw F∂

A¿∞-Øn¬ ]pcm-X\ Ko°p-Im¿ ""t•m '' F∂

hm°v D]-tbm-Kn-®n-t -bn√ F∂mWv e`y-am-bn-cn-°p∂

sXfn-hp-I-fn¬ \n∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂-Xv. a-Xn-bmb

kqN\Iƒ ""C]-Im-c-ap≈ D®m-cWw'' kw_-‘n®v

e`y-a√mØ-Xp-sIm-≠√ CXv. Ko°n¬ FÆ-a‰ ]cm-

a¿i-ßƒ CXp kw_-‘-am-bn- p-≠v. 39.

""`mj'' F∂ ]Zw Ko°p kmln-Xy-`m-j-bn¬

Akv]jvS `mjWw kqNn-∏n®v D]-tbm-Kn-®n- n-√m-Ø-

Xp-sIm-≠v, ss__n-fn¬ B ]Z-Øn\v Cß-s\-sbm-

c¿∞w kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-Xn-cmbn Hcp ap≥hn-[n-bn-

√m-sX, ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ ""`mj' F∂ ]Zw ""hy‡-

amb `mj'' F∂p Xs∂ a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Cßs\ a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬

bmsXmcp ]iv\hpw Df-hm-Ip-∂n-√. ]pXn-b- \n-baw

Xs∂ C°mcyw hy‡-ambn sXfn-bn-°p-∂p-≠v.

2. ]pXnb\nba Ko°n¬ ""`mj-Iƒ''

a. At∏m-kvX-e-]-hr-Øn-bn¬

eqt°mkv G‰hpw hy‡-am-bn-´mWv "`mj-Iƒ'

en]nbpw hymI-c-W-hp-ap≈ mj-I-fm-sW∂v shfn-s∏-

Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. "dialectos'F∂ ]Zw c≠p

]mhiyw At±lw D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂p (C-Xn¬ \n∂mWv

(D-]- m-j) F∂ ]Zw e`n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv). 16 PmXob

P\-hn- m-K-ßƒ s]¥-t°mkvXn¬ bcpiteante°v

bmX sNbvX-Xmbpw eqt°mkv ]ńI \nc-Øp-∂p-≠v.

Ah¿ F√m-hcpw Ah-cpsS kz¥ `mj-bn¬ kphn-

tijw A∂v a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

""A∂p BIm-i-Øn≥ Iogp≈ kI-e-Pm-Xn-I-

fn¬ \n∂pw sbcq-i-te-an¬ h∂p ]m¿°p∂

sblqZ∑mcm b ‡n-bp≈ ]pcp-j-∑m¿ D≠m-

bn-cp-∂p. Cu apg°w D≠m-b-t∏mƒ ]pcp-jmcw

h∂p-Iq-Sn, Hmtcm-cp-Ø≥ Xm¥ms‚ mj-I-fn¬

Ah¿ kwkm-cn-°p-∂Xp tI´p Aº-c-∂p-

t]mbn. F√m-hcpw àn®p B›-cy-s∏- p. Cu

kwkm-cn -°p -∂-h¿ F√mw Keo -e -°m¿

A√tbm? ]ns∂ \mw Hmtcm-cp-Ø≥ P\n®

\ΩpsS kz¥ `mj-bn¬ Ah¿ kwkm-cn®p

tIƒ°p-∂Xp Fßs\? ]¿∞cpw taZycpw

Fem-aycpw sak-s∏m-Øm-ay-bnepw blq-Zy-

bnepw I∏-tZm-Iy-bnepw s]s¥m-knepw Bky-

bnepw ]pK-bnepw ]w^p-ey-bnepw ankn-bn-

anepw Ipd-s\°p tN¿∂ en_ym ]tZ-i-ß-

fnepw ]m¿°p-∂-hcpw tdmabn¬ \n∂p h∂p

]m¿°p∂hcpw bql-Z-∑mcpw blqZm aXm-\p-

km-cn-Ifpw tIXycpw Ad-_n-°m-cp-amb Cu

\ΩpsS mj-I-fn¬ Ah¿ ssZh-Øns‚ h≥Im-

cy-ßsf ]kvXm-hn-°p-∂Xp tIƒ°p-∂p-h-t√m

F∂p ]d-™p. (At∏m. ]. 2:5˛11).


39 Thomas R. Edgar, Miraculous Gifts, (Neptune NewJersey, Loizeaux Brothers, 1983), p. 114.

304

s]¥-t°mkvXp \mfnse Cu ""`mj-I-fm¬'' temI-

Øns‚ \m\m- m-K-Øp-\n-∂p≈ kµ¿i-I¿°v ssZh-

Øns‚ ktµiw Ah-cpsS kz¥ `mj-I-fn¬ a\- n-

em-bn. Keo-e-°m-cmb Bfp-Iƒ°v Ch-cpsS `mj-I-

fn¬ kwkm-cn-°m-\p≈ A¤p-X-I-c-amb "Ignhv' e`n-

®-Xn¬ Ah¿ AXn-i-bn-®p.

b. `mj-Iƒ shfn-∏mSp ]pkvX-I-Øn¬

""hy‡-amb en]nbpw, hymI-c-W-hp-ap≈ AwKo-Ir-X-

""`mj'' F∂-√msX shfn-∏mSp ]pkvX-I-Ønse `mj-

Iƒ°v a‰p A¿∞w Iev∏n-°m-\m-hn-√. an°-hmdpw

Bfp-Isf th¿Xn-cn®v ]tXyIw hn`m-K-ambn \ap°p

a\- n-em-°n ImWn-°p-hm-\mWv D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv.'

""]pkvXIw hmßp-hm\pw AXns‚ apZ-s]m- n-

°p-hm\pw \o tbmKy≥; \o Adp-°-s∏´p \ns‚

c‡w-sIm≠p k¿∆ tKmX-Ønepw `mj-I-

fnepw hwi-Ønepw PmXnbnepw \n∂p-≈-hsc

ssZhØn\mbn hnse-°p- hm-ßn.''(sh-fn. 5:9).

CXn\p tijw kIe PmXn-I-fnepw tKmX-ß-

fnepw hwi-ß-fnepw `mj-I-fn¬ \n∂pw D≈-

Xmbn B¿°pw FÆn-°q-SmØ Hcp alm-]p-cp-

jmcw sh≈-\n-e-b¶n [cn®v Iøn¬ Ipcp-tØm-

e-bp-ambn knwlm-k-\-Øn\pw Ip™m-Sn\pw

apºmsI \nev°p -∂Xpw Rm≥ I≠p

(sh-fn. 7:9).

Ah≥ Ft∂mSp \o C\nbpw At\I hwi-

ß-sfbpw PmXn-I-sfbpw `mj-I-sfbpw cmPm-

°-∑m-sc-bpwIp-dn®p ]h-Nn-t°≠n hcpw F∂p

]d™p (sh-fn. 10:11).

kIe hwi-°mcpw tKmX-°mcpw `mj-°mcpw

PmXn-°mcpw Ah-cpsS ihw aq∂c Znhkw

ImWpw. Ah-cpsS ihw I√-d-bn¬ sh∏m≥

kΩ-Xn-°-bn-√ (sh-fn. 11:9).

hnip-≤-∑m-tcmSp bp≤w sNbvXv Ah-tcmSp Pbn-

∏m\pw AXn\p A[n-Imcw e`n-®p. kIe

tKmX-Øn-t∑epw hwi-Øn-t∑epw `mj-taepw

PmXn-taepw A[n-Im-chpw e`n-®p. (sh-fn. 13:7).

thsdmcp ZqX≥ BIm-i-at≤y ]d-°p-∂Xp

Rm≥ I≠p; `qhm-kn-I-fmb kIe PmXnbpw

tKmXhpw `mjbpw hwihpw Bb-h-t\mSp

Adn-bn-∏m≥ Ahs‚ ]°¬ Hcp \nXy kphn-

tijw D≠m-bn-cp∂p (sh-fn. 14:6).

]ns∂ Ah≥ Ft∂mSp ]d-™Xv: \o I≠Xpw

thiy Ccn-°p-∂-Xp-amb sh≈w hwi-ßfpw

]pcp-jm-c-ßfpw PmXn-Ifpw `mj-Ifpw AsX

(sh-fn. 17:15).

At∏m-kvXe ]hr-Øn-bn¬ "`mj-Iƒ' F∂-Xn\p

hy‡-amb hymI-c-W-ap≈ AwKo-Ir-X - mj F∂m-

W¿∞w. shfn-∏mSp ]pkvX-I-Ønepw Aß-s\-Xs∂.

CXp-Iq-SmsX 1 sImcn-¥y-cnepw CtX kqN-\-Iƒ

Xs∂ ImWmw.

c. `mj-Iƒ 1 sImcn-¥y-cn¬

1 sIm-cn-¥y¿ 14:21- mw hmIyw sbi-ømhv 28:11- s‚

D≤-c-Wn-bm-Wv. sbi-øm-hns‚ ImesØ "A\y- m-j-

Iƒ' ]pXn-b-\n-ba ImesØ `mjm-h-csØ kw_-

‘n® Hcp kXysØ ZrjvSm-¥o-I-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂mWv

]utemkv ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. sbi-ømhv ]d-bp∂ A\y-

`m-j-Iƒ (hn-tZ-i- `m-j-Iƒ) bnkm-tb-ens\ BI-

an®p Iog-S-°n-b-h-cpsS `mj-I-fm-Wv. C]-Imcw 1

sImcn. 14:21 se "A\y- m-j-Iƒ' hy‡hpw AwKo-Ir-

X-hp-amb mj-I-sf-°p-dn-®mWv A¿∞-am-Ip-∂-sX-¶n¬

1 sImcn. 14:22˛¬ F¥p-sIm≠v Hcp hyXy-kvX-amb

A¿∞w AXn\p \evI-Ww. IqSmsX 1 sImcn. 14:22˛¬

"`mj-Iƒ' A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv ip≤- m-j-Iƒ Xs∂-bm-

sW-¶n¬ apgp-h≥ ]›m-Ø-e-Ønepw Aßs\ Xs∂

thWw a\- n-em-°p-hm≥.

1 sImcn. 14:16˛epw 23˛epw D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ idiotesF∂ Ko°p ]Z-Øns‚ Imcy-Ønepw CXp hy‡-am-

°p-∂p-≠v. CXn¬ \n∂p-amWv idiote F∂ Cw•ojv

hm°p-≠m-b-Xv. ae-bm-f-Øn¬ "Bfl-h-c-an-√m-Ø-h≥'

F∂Xv ]Tn-∏n-√m-Ø-h≥(KJV ImWpI)F∂p ]cn- m-

j-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-XmWv \√-Xv. `mj-Iƒ Hcmƒ°v a\-

n-em-Im-Ø-Xns‚ GI-Im-cWw At±-ltam B h\n-

Xtbm B mj-bn¬ ]Tn-∏n-√mØ Bfm-sW-∂-X-sX.

Hcmƒ ]Tn-®n- n-√mØ hntZi mj kwkm-cn-°m-\p≈

A¤p-X-I-c-amb Ign-hmWv `mjm-h-c-sa-∂-Xns\

]n≥Xm-ßp∂ Bi-b-am-Wn-Xv. 40

1960˛¬ A[nIrX `mjm-¥-c-k-a-bØv "A\y-`mj'

F∂p ]d-™m¬ "ip≤-amb CX-c- mj' F∂ A¿∞-

am-bn-cp∂p B ]Z-Øn-\v. shfn. 9:11˛¬ CXp ]cn- mj

sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂pw hy‡-am-°p-∂p-≠v:

Ah¿°p Hcp cmPm-hp≠v, AKm-[-Iq-]-Øns‚ ZqX≥

Xs∂. Ah\v "F_mb `mj-bn¬' "A_-tZm≥'

F∂pw bh-\- m-j-bn¬ "As∏m-√p-thm≥ F∂pw t]¿.'

Cu ]tbm-K-ßƒ IrXy-amb mj-I-sf-bmWv ChnsS

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Cw•o-jn¬ "tongue’ F∂ ÿm\Øv

LanguageF∂p tN¿Øm¬ Imcyw hy‡-am-bn.


40 ]utem-kn-s\-t∏m-se-bp≈ Hcp anj-\-dn-°v, At\-I-h¿j-ßƒ ]Tn-°m-sX-X-s∂, hntZ-i- m-j-Iƒ ssIImcyw sNøm-\p≈ ]m]vXn e`n-°p-∂Xv FXtbm A[nIw A\p-K-l-I-c-am-bn-cn°pw (1 sImcn. 14:18).

305

Akv]-jvS-amb kwkmcw F∂v BZyw D]-tbm-Kn-®Xv

en_-d¬ Nn¥-I-cm-Wv. Aam-\p-jn-I-am-b-Xns\ AwKo-

I-cn-°m-\m-ImØ Ah¿°v `mjm-h-c-Øn¬ icn-bmb

`mj-I-fmWv Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-sX∂pw AwKo-I-cn-°m≥

Ign-bm-sX-bm-bn. Xncp-sh-gpØnt\mSv bmYm-ÿnXnI

at\m- mhw ]pe¿Øp∂ Icn-kvam-‰n-°p-I-fn¬ A[n-

I-]¶pw `mj-sb-°p-dn®v thZm-\p-kr-X-a-√mØ Cu

\n¿h-N\w km[m-c-W-bmbn AKo-I-cn-°p-I-bmWv

sNøp-∂-Xv. ss__nƒ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ `mjm-hcw

ip≤-amb `mj-Iƒ ssIImcyw sNøm-\p≈ ]m]vXn-

bm-Wv. Icn-kvam-‰n-°p-I-fpsS Ah-Im-i-hmZw thZ-]p-

kvX-I-]-c-amb \n¿h-N-\-tØmSp tbmPn-°p-∂-X-√.

B. A\y- m-j-Iƒ kw_-‘n® B[q-\nI Ah-Im-i-

hm-Z-ßƒ

_p≤n-`aw hn-®-Xp-t]m-se-bp≈ Ak-]vjvS- m-jWw

A¤pX-I-c-amb `mjm-h-c-ambn IW-°m-°-cp-Xv. Icn-

kvam-‰n-°p-Iƒ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn¬ \n∂p≈ hc-ambn

]m]n-°m-\m-K-ln-°p∂ A\p- -h-Øn\v kXy-k-‘-

am-b˛ thZ-]p-kvXI mj-I-sf-°mƒ hymP -a-X-ß-tfm-

SmWv IqSp-X¬ kmayhpw ASp-∏-hpw.

1. B[p-\nI ""A\y- m-j-Isf'' °pdn-®p≈ ]T-\-ßƒ

20-˛mw \q‰m-≠ns‚ a[y-Øn¬, Icn-kvam-‰n-°p-Iƒ

henb Ah-Im-i-]-Jym-]-\-ß-tfmsS cwK-sØ-Øn-b-

t∏mƒ `mjm imkvX-⁄-∑m¿ hnhn[ \ne-bn-ep≈

Kth-j-W-ßƒ \SØn B[q-\nI A\y- mjm `m-j-

W-Øns‚ kz`mhw \n¿W-bn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. Ah-

bpsS cXv\-®p-cp°w CXm-Wv. B[p-\nI `mj-°m¿

icn-bmb `mj-I-f√ kwkm-cn-°p-∂Xv (In-Ãym-\n-‰n-

‰ptU sk]v. 13, \hw. 8˛1963).

""A\y- m-j-Isf''°pdn-®p≈ imkvXo-b-amb ]T\w

FØn-\n-ev°p∂ \n¿Æ-b-a-\p-k-cn®v ]cn-tim-[n-°-

s∏´ `mj-W-ßƒ a\p-jy- m-j-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-ß-

sf∂p Icp-Xp∂ LS-Ißƒ C√m-Ø-h-bm-bn-cp∂p.

amX-a√ i_vZw ]nSn-s®-SpØp \S-Ønb ]co-£-W-a-

\p-k-cn®v a‰p-≈-h¿ ]d-bp∂Xns‚ A¿∞w kw_-

‘n®v A\y- m-jm- m-j-I¿ ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-∏n-√m-Ø-

h-cm-sW∂p Is≠Øn. A[n-Im-cn-I-fmb hy‡n-fpsS

km∂n-≤y-Øn¬, IqSp-X¬ hnt[-b-cpw, Bin-X-cp-am-

bn-cn-°p-hm-\p≈ at\m- m-hw A\y- mj°m-cn¬ Is≠-

Øn-b-Xmbn ]T\w sXfn-bn-°p-∂p. `mj-Iƒ kwkm-

cn-°p-∂-X√ Ahsc A¥ym-Àm-Z-Øn-em-°p-∂-Xv, adn®v

t\XrXzw hln-°p∂ Bfn-t\m-Sp≈ hnt[-b-Xz-am-Wv.

\yqtbm¿°nse _q°v\n-ep≈ eqY-d≥ saUn-°¬

sk‚-dn-emWv Cu tKh-j-W-]T-\-Øn\p ap≥I-sø-Sp-

ØXv. A\y-`m-j-I-fn¬ kwkm-cn® 26 t]cnepw

A√mØ 13 t]cnepw \S-Ønb ]co-£-W-ß-fp-sSbpw

A`n-ap-J-ß-fp-sSbpw ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-emWv Cu Is≠-

Ø-ep-Iƒ. `mjm imkvX-⁄-\mb hneyw kma-dn≥

]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv; D∂-X-cmb Nne `mjm- `m-j-W-

°m¿ kµ¿in® ÿe-ß-fn¬ B apgp -Kq-∏n-sebpw

""A\y-`m-j-°m¿'' t\Xm-°-fmbn kµ¿in®hcpsS

AtX coXn-bnepw ssien-bnepw kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xn-

te°p Nmbp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv. a\p-jy- m-j-I-

fpsS ]tXy-I-X-I-fmbn mjm-im-kvX-⁄-∑m¿ Nq≠n-

°m-Wn-°p∂ e£-W-ßƒ Cu dnt∏m¿´n¬ ]d-bp-

∂p-≠v. F∂m¬ A\y- m-j-I-fn¬ Bfp-Iƒ kwkm-

cn-°p-∂Xv i_vZ-te-J\w sNbvXv i≤n-®n-´v, Cu

]tXy-I-X-Iƒ H∂pw aXn-bmb \ne-bn¬, C√m-bn-cp-

∂p-sh-∂mWv Ah¿ i‡-ambn hmZn-®n- p≈Xv; A\y-

`m-j-I-fn¬ kwkm-cn-®-h¿ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂tXm A√m-

ØtXm Ct∏m-gp-≈tXm ]≠p≠mbn-cp-∂tXm Bb

`mj-I-fmWp kwkm-cn-®-sX-∂-Xn\v bmsXmcp A[n-

Im-cn-I-X-bp-an√ F∂v Cu `mjm-im-kvX-⁄-∑m¿

hmZn-°p-∂p.'' InÃym-\n‰n ‰ptU, Pq¨ 4, 1971.

""s]¥-t°mkvXp hn`m-K-ß-fn-ep≈ Nne ssZh-im-

kvX-⁄-∑m-¿, thZ-]p-kvXIw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ mjm-

hcw kz¥-a-√mØ hntZ-i- m-j-Iƒ kwkm-cn-°m-\p≈

Ign-hm-sW∂v Xncn-®-dn-™n-´p-s≠-¶nepw AØcw

A\p- -h-ßsf Bcpw km[q-I-cn-®n- n-√, Gdnb ]¶m-

fp-Ifpw a\p-jy-`m-j-I-fmWp kwkm-cn-°p-∂-sX∂p

Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂p-an√.'' 41

2. hnPm-Xo-b-cp-am-bp≈ kam-¥-c-ßƒ

D∑m-Zm-h-ÿ-bn¬ Pev]\w sNøp-∂Xv At∏m-kvX-en-

Im-[n-Imcw Dd-∏n-°m-\m-bn-cp-∂psh∂p ]d-bpI hø.

]pcm-X-\-tem-Iw, t_m[w sI´p hoWv Ahy-‡-ambn

kwkm-cn-°p∂ coXn-bn-ep≈ aX-ßsf sIm≠p \nd-

™n-cp-∂p. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ C∂pw Cß-s\-bp≈ aX-

hn-`m-K-ß-fp≠v! Ahn-izm-kn-I-fmb Bfp-Iƒ C]-

Imcw sNøp-tºmƒ, InkvXym-\n-Iƒ CØcw kw`hw

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn¬ \n∂m-sW∂v Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂-

Xn¬ AXn-ibw tXm∂p-∂p. ]pcm-X\Ime tK°cpw

B[q-\nI tam¿tam-Wp-Ifpw Akv]-jvS-amb Pev]\w

sNøp∂ Ah-cpsS Ignhp t\Sn-bXv ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-

\memtWm? AssI-kvX-h -cmb BfpIfpsS


41 ""A¤p-X-h-c-ßƒ'' FUvKm¿ t]Pv 283. Adn-bmØ `mj-bn¬, ]hr-Øn-°m≥ Aam-\p-jnI i‡n e`n® Ah-k-c-ß-sf, Hcmƒ, Ah-Im-i-s∏- m¬ t]mepw Cu ]m]vXn Hcphc-ambn]I-c-s∏- -X√ F∂Xv ]I¬ t]mse hy‡-am-°n-bn-cn-°Ww (A-Xm-bXv ]m]vX-\mb Hcp km[m-cW a\p-jys‚ Pohn-X-coXnb\p-k-cn®v) C]-Im-c-ap≈ Ignhv hc-ambn e`n-®-Xm-sW-¶n¬ Icn-kvam-‰nIv ]kw-K-I¿°v hyXy-kvX- m-j-bn¬ D≈-h-tcmSp ]kw-Kn-°p-tºmƒ ]cn- m-j-Iƒth≠n-h-cn-√-t√m.

306

at≤ybp≈ CØcw D∑m-Z- m-j-WsØ kw_-‘n®

Nne D≤-c-Wn-Iƒ ChnsS \nc-Ø-s´.

""D∑m-Zm-h-ÿbpw Akv]jvS mj-Whpw Ah¿ t\Sn-

bXv Im‰p-≈Xpw Ccp-f-S-™Xpw qX-hm-k-ap-≈-Xp-amb

Hcp Kpl-bn¬ h®m-Wv. F√mw IqsS òXn-Z-b-amb

i_vZhpw hnNnX kwKo-Xhpw AhnsS krjvSn-°p∂p.

As∏m-sfm tZh-\p-ambn Bfl-X-e-Øn¬ tbmPn-∏n-°-

s∏- -t∏mƒ Ahƒ A\y- m-j-I-fn¬ kwkm-cn-°m≥

XpS-ßn, Nne-t∏mƒ Ah a\- n-emIpw Zp¿K-mly-am-

bn-cn°pw'' (hn¿Pn≥, _n. kn. 1˛mw \q‰m-≠n¬,

sUtemkv Zzo]nse ]ptcm-ln-X-\-am-sc-°p-dn®p≈

hnhc-Ww). 42

""Hcp ]s£ ]®- k-tkym-]-tbm-K-Øm-ep≈ el-cn-

bn¬ Ahƒ Hcp ap°m-en-∏o-T-Øn-en-cp∂v D∑m-Z-Øm¬

tXm ∂n-b-sXm-s°-∏-d-™p. ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿ Ah-cpsS

s]mcp-Ø-an-√mØ \ne-hnfn i_vZsØ Imhy-]-h-N-

\-ß-fmbn ]cn-`mj sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p.'' (\m-j-

W¬ tPymK^n°v Hm¨ Zn. ]oÃUv A‰v

sU¬^n).43

U¬^n-bnse CtX ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-sc-∏‰n ]d-bp-

tºmƒ 4˛mw \q‰m-≠nse IntkmÃw Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-

°p∂p.

""CtX s]-cp-ºm-ºv, s]Æm-sW∂v At∏mƒ ]d-b-s∏-

ń-cp-∂p.... Nne-t∏mƒ˛ ap°m-en-∏o-S-Øn-en-cn-°pw....

As∏m-s√mkv AkvssS-Uns‚ ]oT-Øn¬˛ Aßs\

Aip-≤m-flmhv Xmsg \n∂p Ib-dn-h-cpw.. Ah-fpsS

ico-c-Øns‚ ASn-`m-KØp ]th-in-°pw, At∏mƒ

Ahƒ `m¥n-\m¬ \nd-bpw, Agn-®n´ apSn-b-ambn

Ahƒ, hmbn¬ \pc-]-X-∏n-®p-sIm≠v aZym-k-‡n-bmbn

BSn-°-fn®v Xs‚ `m¥-amb hm°p-Iƒ D®-cn-°p∂

D∑-Ø-X-bn-embncn-°pw.'' 44

s]mcp-Ø-an-√mØ mjWw ]pcm-X\ aX-ß-fn¬ amX-

ambn Npcp-ßp-∂n-√... BZna tam¿tam-Wp-Ifpw A\y-

`m-j-I-fn¬ kwkm-cn-®n-cp-∂p. tPmk^v kvanØv

B⁄m-]n -®n -cn -°p∂p ""Fgp -t∂‰p \nhn¿∂p

\nev°pI; GsX-¶nepw Nne i_vZ-ap-≠m-°p-Itbm

kwkm-cn-°p-Itbm sNøp-I.. Nne i_vZ-ßƒ D≠m-

°n-s°m-t≠-bn-cn-°p-I.. I¿Ømhv AXns\ Hcp mj-

bm-°n-Øo¿°pw. 45

_nKmw bmKpw A\y- m-j-I-fn¬ kwkm-cn-®n- p-≠v (A-

\y- m-j-sb-∂m¬ icn-bmb `mj-I-f√ F∂mWv \mw

A¿∞-am-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬) H®-h-bv°pI; apc-fp-I, \rØ-

am-SpI F∂nh km[m-c-W-bmbn Ah-cpsS ipiq-j-

I-fn-ep-≠v. _nKmw bwKm, Adn-bmØ `mj-I-fn¬

kwkm-cn-®p-sh-∂p-am-X-a√; Xs‚ D]-tZ-i-ßƒ

tIƒhn-°m¿°v hymJym-\n -®p -sIm-Sp -°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp.'' 46

AssI-kvX-h-cp-sS-bn-S-bn¬ At\I ]pkvX-I-ßƒ

""A\y- m-j-Isf''°pdn-®p-≠v (AXm-bXv hnh-i-X-bn¬

Pev]\w sNøp-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®v). ]pd-PmXn ]ptcm-ln-

X-∑m¿, t]X-ßƒ°v A¿®\ sNøp∂ ]qPm-cn-Iƒ,

sshZy-∑m¿ F∂n-h-scbpw Cu ZrjvSm-¥-Øn¬

Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-≠v. D∑m-Z-Øn¬ Pev]\w sNøp-∂-

Xv, hymP-a-X-ß-fn¬ [mcm-f-ap-≠v. ]pcm-X\ ^n\n-jy-

°m¿, tK°¿, ap…n-ßƒ, tam¿tam-Wn-°-¿, Ata-cn-

°≥ C≥Uy≥ hymP-a-X-ßƒ, FkvIn-tam-a-X-ßƒ,

hS-°≥ t_m¿Wntbm hymP-a-X-ßƒ, apX-em-b-h-bn¬

CØcw Pev]-\-ß-fƒ \S-∂-Xmbn Fgp-X-s∏´ tcJ-

I-fp-≠v. 47 InkvXp-hn-izm-kn-I-fm-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xn-\p-ap-

ºv, Bfp-Iƒ A\y- m-jm- m-jWw (A-hy-‡- m-j-Ww)

\S-Øn-bn-cp-∂-Xmbn Ata-cn-°-bn¬ \n∂pw ZrjvSm-¥-

ßƒ \nc-Øp-hm-\p-≠v.

""A\y-`m-j-Iƒ kw_-‘n®v \nß-fpsS A\p-`hw

F¥m-sW∂v F\n-s°-gp-Xp-hm≥ \nßƒ Xøm-dm-Ipw-

apºv Fs‚ A\p-`hw ]d-™p-sIm-≈-s´,, Rm≥

At\I kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ A\y-`m-j-Iƒ kwkm-cn-®n-

´p≠v. Rm≥ ]≈n-bn-S-\m-gn-bn-eqsS \S-∂n- p-≠v. Rm≥

_en-]o-T-Øn-¶¬ ]m¿∞n-®n-´p-≠v, Fßs\ A\y-

`m-j-I-fn¬ kwkm-cn-°-W-sa∂v ]d™ t\Xm-°-∑m-

cpsS \n¿t±-i-ßsf Rm≥ A\p-k-cn-®n- p≠v; Aßs\

Rm≥ A\y-`m-j-I-fn¬ kwkm-cn-®n-´p-≠v. AXp

XnI®pw bmYm¿∞yw Xs∂. AXp kw -hn-®-Xm-Wv.

F∂m¬ AXv ]cn-ip-≤m-fl-hn¬ \n∂pw A√m-bn-

cp∂p! AXv F\n°v Fßs\ Adnbmw? B ka-bØv

Rm≥ c£n-°-s∏-ń-cp-∂p-t]m-ep-an-√. C]-Im-c-amWv

F\n°v AXv Adn-bm-hp-∂-Xv. Rm≥ tI´ ]kw-K-


42 Cited by John Miles, The subject of Tongues, an intro-duction to Christian Doctrine: An outline Course (GrandRapids; Grand Rapids School of the Bible and Music,1974), p. 2.43 Greece and Rome: Builders of Our World, NationalGeographic Society, 1968), p. 171.44 Miles Introduction to Christian Doctrine, p. 2.

45 Joseph Dillow, Speaking in Tongues(Grand RapidsZondervan Publishing Houses, 1975), p. 173.46 Edgar, Miraculous Gifts, p. 255.47 See Dillow, Speaking in Tongues, p. 171ff.; Edgar,Miraculous Gifts, p. 252ff.; and Donald W. Burdick,Tongues: To Speak ao Not to Speak, (Chicago: MoodyPress, 1969), p. 65ff.

307

amWv, -ssZ-h-tØmSp icn-bmb _‘-Øn-em-bn-Øo-cp-

hm≥ Rm≥ A\y- mjkw-km-cn-°-W-sa∂ t_m≤yw

Df-hm-°n-b-Xv. Aßs\ AXp sNbvhm≥ Rm≥ Xocp-

am-\n-®p. AXp Rm≥ sNøp-I-bp-ap-≠m-bn.'' 48

Icn-kvam-‰nIv ipiq-j-I-fn¬; c£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\p-

apºv Xs∂, ""A\y- m-j-Iƒ'' kwkm-cn® kz¥ kplr-

Øp-°sf Cu Fgp-Øp-Im-cs‚ `mcy-°-dn-bmw. Cu

DZm-l-c-W-ß-sf√mw hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xv, "Ahy-‡-`m-

jWw' \S-Øp∂Xv ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn¬ \n∂p≈ hc-

Øns‚ AS-bm-f-a√ F∂m-Wv. F∂m¬ thZ-]p-

kvXIw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ `mjm-hcw ]Tn-®n- n-√mØ

`mj kwkm-cn-°m-\p≈ Ign-hmWv; mj-I-fpsS kz`m-

h-tØmSp _‘-s∏´v, ss__nƒ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂

InkvXob hnizm-k-sØ-°mƒ hymP-a-X-ß-tfm-SmWv

B[p\nI Icn-kvam-‰n-°p-°m-cpsS sNbvXn-Iƒ°p

_‘w. Icn-kvam-‰nIv hnizm-kn-Iƒ c£n-°-s∏´hc√

F∂v CXn\v A¿∞-an√ InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizmkw

t\m°n-bm¬ Ah¿ Xo¿®-bmbpw \ΩpsS ktlm-Z-c-

∑m-cm-Wv. F∂n-cp-∂mepw Icn-kvam-‰nIv Pev]-\-Øm¬

kzm[o-\n-°-s∏-Sm-sXbpw t_m[yw hcm-sX-bp-an-cn-

°p∂ Icn-kvam-‰n-°-√m-Ø-hsc AXns‚ t]cn¬ Ip‰w

hn[n-°-cp-Xv. icn-bmbn \n¿h-Nn-®m¬ ss__nƒ shfn-

s∏-Sp-Øp∂ mjm-hcw CØ-c-Øn-ep-≈-X√! Ahy-‡-

`m-jWw ]cn-ip-≤mfl hc-am-sW∂p h∂m¬ At\I

hnPm-Xob hn`m-K-ßƒ°pw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hp≠v F∂p

\ap°v Icp-Xmtam?

3. hnPm-Xo-b-cpsS Ahy‡ Pev]-\-ßsf°pdn®v ˛

ss__nƒ

hnPm-Xo-b-cpsS Ahy-‡- m-j-W-ß-sf-°p-dn®v Ipd-™-

]£w Hcp kqN-\-sb-¶nepw ss__n-fn-ep-≠v. AXv

A\p-Iqe ho£-W-am-bn- -√. \mw ImWp-hm≥ t]mIp-

∂Xp t]mse hymJym-\-an-√mØ mj-Iƒ k -bnepw

an°-hmdpw ]m¿∞-\-bn¬ t]mepw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-hm≥

]utemkv A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂n-√. Xo¿®-bmbpw Ahy-‡-

amb ]pe-º-ep-Iƒ At±lw A\p-h-Zn-®n- n-√.

""\nßƒ ]m¿∞n-°p-tºmƒ PmXn-Isf t]mse

Pev]\w sNø-cpXv; hm°p-I-fpsS s]cp-∏-Øm¬

DØcw e`n-°p-∂p-sh∂v Ah¿ \ncq-]n-°p-∂p-

h-t√m (aØm-bn. 6:7).

""BI-bm¬ F¥p? Rm≥ Bflm-hp-sIm≠pw

]m¿∞n°pw; _p≤n-sIm≠pw ]m¿∞n°pw;

Bflm-hp-sIm≠p ]mSpw; _p≤n-sIm≠pw

]mSpw (1 sImcn. 14:15).

4. D]-kw-lmcw

AS-bm-f-h-c-ßƒ \n∂p-t]mbn F∂p Nn¥n-°p-∂-Xn\v

thZ-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬ ASn-ÿm-\-ap-≠v. F¶nepw Cu

\n¿W-b-Øn-\p-a-∏pdw B[q-\nI Icn-kvam-‰n-°p-Im¿

]pXn-b-\n-ba Ir]m-h-c-ßsf kXy-k-‘-ambn ]Xn-

\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂pthm F∂ Hcp hne-bn-cp-Øepw IqSn-

tb-Øo-cq. A\y- m-j-I-fpsS Imcy-Øn¬ Ah¿ kXy-

k-‘-c-√-Xm\pw. ]Tn-®n-´n-√mØ Hcp hntZ-i-`mj,

kwkm-cn-°m-\p≈ ]m]vXn-bm-bn-cp∂p thZ-]p-kvXIw

shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ `mjm-h-cw. B[q-\nI Icn-kvam-‰n-

°p-Im¿°v kXy-k-‘-amb `mjm-hcw C√. A\y-tZ-

i-ß-fn¬ ipiq-j-Iƒ sNtø-≠n-h-cp-tºmƒ ]cn- m-

j-I-cn-eqsS ]kw-Kn-t°-≠-Xmbn hcp-∂Xp Xs∂ Cu

hkvXpX hy‡-am-°p-∂p.

IV. A\y- mj `mj-W-Øn¬ ]men-t°≠ \n_-‘-\-

Iƒ ss__n-fn¬

A\y-`m-j Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈ AS-bm-f-h-c-ßƒ \n∂p-

t]mbn F∂v hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xn\v aXn-bmb thZm-[m-c-

ap-≠v. AXp-Iq-SmsX ]pXnb \nbaw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂

`mjm-hcw Ahy-‡- m-j-W-Øn-t‚-X-√. AS-bmf hc-

ßƒ C∂-tØ°p th≠n-bm-sW∂p k¶-ev∏n-°p-

Ibpw B[p\nI Icn-kvam-‰n-°p-Iƒ kXy-k-‘-amb

`mjm-hcw Df-f-h-cm-sW∂pw Icp-Xp-Ibpw sNbvXm-epw,

C]-Im-c-ap≈ hc-ß-fpsS Imcy-Øn¬ ss__nƒ

\¬Ip∂ \n_-‘-\-Iƒ°\p-kr-X-ambn´mtWm

Ah¿, A\p-h¿Øn-°p-∂-sX∂v hne-bn-cp-tØ-≠Xv

Bh-iy-am-Wv. F√m A\p- mh-tØmSpw Hcp Imcyw

\mw Kln-t°-≠Xp≠v AYhm Xncn-®-dn-tb-≠-Xp-≠v.

AXm-bXv IqSp-X¬ ss__nƒ tIµo-I-cn®p Pohn-

°p∂ Icn-kvam-‰n-°p-Im¿ Cu am\-ZWvUw ]men-°m≥

ian-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv. F∂n-cp-∂mepw ]ecpw Aß-s\-

b-√. Bcpw Xs∂ F√m-‰n\pw ]q¿Æ-]n-¥pW \¬Ip-

∂p-an-√.

A. k`-bn¬ A\y-`m-j-Iƒ°v, Ipd™ ap≥Xq°w

\¬tIWw

1 sImcn. 12:28˛30 hsc hc-ß-fp-sS, ]´nI \nc-Øp-

tºmƒ, mj-Iƒ AYhm mj-I-fpsS hymJym\w HSp-

hn-emWp tN¿Øn-cn-°p∂Xv. C]-Im-c-ap≈ Hcp Iaw

tIhew kmln-Xy-ssiensb∂-Xnepw it≤-b-am-Wv.

]utem-kv, ]tXy-In®pw 1 sImcn. 12: 28˛¬ hc-ßsf

Ah-bpsS ]m[m\y Ia-Øn-emWp ]d-bp-∂-Xv. AXp-

sIm≠v mj-Iƒ C∂v hc-ß-fmbn \¬In-bn- p-s≠∂p

h∂m¬t]mepw Ahbv°p k -bn¬ henb ]m[m\yw

Iev]n-t°-≠-Xn-√. ]e-t∏mgpw Icn-kvam-‰n-°p-Im-cpsS

Fcn-hv, hnizm-k-Øns‚ L\-ap≈ Imcy-ß-sf-°mƒ

A\p-`-h-Øn-\v ]m[m\yw \¬Ip-Ibpw Ipd-™-


48 Miles, Introduction to Christian Doctrine, p.3.

308

]cnKW\ \¬tI≠ Imcy-ßƒ°v Xncp-h-N-\m-\p-kr-

X-a-√mØ ap¥nb ]m[m\yw \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

""ssZhw k -bn¬ H∂m-aXp At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿, c≠m-

aXp ]hm-N-I-∑m¿ aq∂m-aXp D]-tZ-jvSm°-∑m¿

Cßs\ Hmtcm-cp-Øsc \nb-an-°p-Ibpw ]ns∂ hocy-

]-hr¿Øn-Iƒ, tcmK-im-¥n-I-fpsS hcw, klmbw

sNøm-\p≈ hcw, ]cn-]m-e\ hcw, hnhn[ `mjm-h-

cw, F∂nh \evIp-Ibpw sNbvXp. F√m-hcpw At∏m-

kvX-e-∑mtcm? F√m-hcpw ]hm-N-I-∑mtcm? F√m-hcpw

D]-tZ-jvSm-°-∑mtcm? F√m-hcpw hocy-]-hr-Øn-Iƒ

sNøp-∂-htcm? F√m-h¿°pw tcmK-im-¥n-°p-≈ -hcw

Dt≠m? F√m-hcpw A\y-`m-j-I-fn¬ kwkm-cn-°p-

∂pthm? F√m-hcpw hymJym-\n-°p-∂pthm? tijvT-

h-c-ßsf hm©n-∏n≥; C\n AXn-ti-jvT-am-sbmcp

am¿§w Rm≥ \nßƒ°p ImWn-®p -X -cmw

(1 sImcn. 12:28˛30).

B. hN\w ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-ep-≠m-Ip∂ BflnI h¿≤-

\-hn\v k`bn¬ Db¿∂ ]m[m\yw

k -bn¬ hN-\m- y-k-\-Øn-\p≈ ]m[m\yw Dƒs°m-

≈m-sX, Hcmƒ°v 1 sImcn. 12˛14 A≤ym-bßƒ hmbn-

°m\m-hn-√. D]tZi-Øns‚ Bh-iy-IX a‰p- m-K-ß-

fn¬ ]Tn-∏n-®n-cn-s°, CXn-¶¬ B›-cy-s∏-tS-≠-Xmbn

H∂p-an√ (F-s^. 4:11; 1 Xnsam. 4:13; 2 Xnsam 2:2; 3:16-

˛17; 4:2). C∂v ]hmNI∑mcns√¶nepw Xncpshgp

IfpsS ]hN\tcJIƒ ]Tn∏n®psIm≠v ]hN\ß

fpsS ]m[m\yØn\v k` C∂pw Du∂¬ \¬tI≠

XmWv. hymJym\w sNømsX BZna k`bn¬ mjIƒ

D]tbmKn®ncp∂n√(CXv Ahy‡ kwkmcw A√).

ImcWw BfloIh¿≤\hmWv `mjIƒ D]tbmKn

°p∂Xn¬ Du∂¬ \¬Ip∂Xv. At\I Icnkvam‰nIv

kÌfpw ss__nƒ ]Tn∏n°p∂ ImcyØn¬ AhK

W\bmWv ]pe¿Øp∂Xv. A\p`hßƒ °v AanX

]m[m\yw \evIn KuchXcamb hN\ ]T\Øns‚

hne Ipdbv°pIbmWh¿.

AhcpsS ""`mjmhcw'' AwKoImctbmKyambn Icp

Xnbmepw ASbmfhcßƒ°v AanX ]m[m\yw \¬

In, thZ]T\sØbpw hymJym\sØbpw sNdpXmbn

°mWp∂ Hcp k`mXXzimkvXw hnIkn∏n°p∂

Xn\v bmsXmcp \ymboIcWhpw C√.

""]hNn°p∂ht\m BbfloIh¿≤\sbbpw

]t_m[\Øn\pw BizmkØn\pambn

a\pjy tcmSp kwkmcn°p∂p. A\y`mjbn¬

kwkmcn°p∂h≥ X\n°pXm≥ BfloI

h¿≤\ hcpØp∂p. ]hNn°p∂h≥ k`bv°v

BfloIh¿≤\ hcpØp∂p. A∆Æw

\nßfpw Bflhcßsf°pdn®p hm©bp≈h

cmIbm¬ k`bpsS BfloIh¿≤\bv°mbn

kê∑m¿ BIphm≥ ian°phn≥. F¶nepw

k`bn¬ ]Xn\mbncw hm°p A\y`mjbn¬

kwkmcn°p∂Xns\°mƒ A[nIw a‰p≈

hsc ]Tn∏nt°≠Xn\p _p≤nsIm≠p

A©p hm°p ]dhm≥ Rm≥ C—n°p∂p.

(1 sImcn. 14:3˛4; 12, 19).

C. F√mh¿°pw `mjmhcw C√

Hcp hnizmkn Bflkv\m\w ]m]n®p As√¶n¬

At±lØn\v Bflm[nhmkw D≠v, F∂Xns‚

A\nhmcyamb ASbmfamWv A\y`mjm`mjWw

F∂v AhImis∏Sp∂ [mcmfw Icnkvam‰n°pIƒ

D≠v. `mjmhcw ]m]n°m≥ a‰p≈hsc t]mXvkm

ln∏n°pIbpw CØcw A\p`hw C√mØhsc

c≠mwInS hnizmknIfmbn Ah¿ ImWpIbpw sNøp

∂p. F∂m¬ F√m hnizmknIfpw Bflmhn\m¬

kv\m\ta‰hcpw Bflm[nhmkap≈hcpamsW∂

ImcyØn¬ ss__nƒ hfsc hy‡amWv. F√m

hnizmknIfpw `mjmhcw D≈hcmbncn°Wsa∂v

ssZhw Hcn°epw ]Xo£n®nń√ F∂Xpw

hy‡amWv. ]utemkns‚ Cu BfloItNmZyØn\v

\ntj[mflI adp]SnbmWv Bhiyw.

F√mh¿°pw tcmKim¥n°p≈ hcw Dt≠m?

F√mhcpw A\y`mjIƒ kwkmcn°p∂pthm?

(1 sImcn. 12:30).

D. hnizmknIƒ `mjmhcw Dƒs∏sS a‰p hcßƒ

tXSp∂Xv _elo\amb Hcp Nn¥bmWv.

1 sImcn 12˛¬ ]dbp∂ Hcp ]m[m\ hnjbw ssZhw

Ir]m]cßƒ Xs‚ k¿∆m[nImcØn≥Iogn¬,

AhnSptØ°v G‰hpw sa®w F∂p tXm∂p∂

\nebn¬ ]Icp∂psh∂mWv(1 sImcn. 12:7, 11, 18, 24,

28). CXns‚b¿∞w F√mh¿°pw `mjmhcw

Dƒs∏sS Htchcw ssZhlnXa√. as‰mcp ][m\

hnjbw hnizmknIƒ Xßƒ°p e`yamb hcØns‚

ImcyØn¬ kwXr]vXcmbncn°Wsa∂XmWv.

Hcmƒ°v Hcphcw C√msb∂Xn\m¬ \ncmim\p`h

hpw hyXykvXamb Hcp hcw D≈bmtfmSv Akqbbpw

D≠mIphm≥ ]mSn√ (1 sImcn 12:15). ""hm©'' F∂

]tbmKsØ CXpambn Iqń°pgbvX°cpXv.

ssZhØns‚ ]kmZap\kcn®v AhnSp∂v hcßƒ

hn`Pn®p sImSp°p∂p. AhnSp∂v F¥v sNøp∂pthm

AXn¬ \mw kwXr]vXcmbncn°Ww.

a‰p≈ hcßsf hm©n°phm≥ \n¿t±in°p∂ hmIy

ßsf∂p tXm∂p∂h \mw ]tXyIw hymJym\nt°


309

≠XmWv. 1 sImcn. 12:13 ]dbp∂Xv ""tijvThcßsf

hm©n∏n≥ F∂mWv; Xmev]cy tØmsS(earnestlyPmKXtbmsS) F∂ ]Zw Cw•ojn¬ tN¿Øn´p≠v.

CXns‚ Ko°v ]ZamWv “zeelao.” CXns\

FcnthmsS zeal F∂ sa®ambn ]cn`mjs∏SpØmw.

""tijvThcßƒ°mbn Fcnhp≈hcmbncn∏n≥''

F∂v [z\n°p∂p. Iobmcq]w _lphN\amW v.

C]Imcw apgpk`tbmSpw tijvThcßƒ°pth≠n

AXohXmXv]cytØmsSbncn∏n≥ F∂mWv

]utemkv ]dbp∂Xv. tijvThcßfmb ]hN\w,

D]tZiw AYhm hN\]T\w F∂nhbv°v k`

Du∂¬ \¬In. k` H∂S¶ap≈ ipiqjIfn¬

]mh¿ØnI amt°≠XmWv 1 sImcn 12:31. ssZhw

hy‡nIƒ°v \¬Inb Ir]mhcßfpsS ImcyØn¬

Ah¿ kwXr]vXc√msX a‰p hcßƒ hm©n°phm≥

A[nImcw \¬Ip∂Xmbn Cu hmIyw a\ nem

t°≠Xn√. ssZhw Xs‚ k¿∆m[nImcØn≥Iogn¬

hcßƒ hn`Pn®p \¬Ip∂psh∂pw \ΩpsS DØc

hmZnXzw InkvXphns‚ icocamb k`bn¬ \ap°p

e`n®ncn°p∂ ÿm\w F¥msW∂pw AXn¬

kwXr]vXcmbncn°Wsa∂pw Du∂¬ \¬Ip∂

]›mØea\pkcn®v , 1 sImcn 12:31˛se Iev]\ k`

bv°v samØambn \¬Ip∂XmWv AYhm Hcp

hy‡n°p th≠nbp≈X√ F∂p a\ nem°pIbm

WpØaw. C]Imcw Hcmƒ thsdmcp hcw tXSpItbm

At\zjn°pItbm sNøp∂Xv AX BtcmKy

Icamb Imcya√.49

hy‡n]cambn hcßƒ°pth≠n Xmev]cy tØmsS

At\zjn°Wsa∂v Hcmƒ \n¿_‘w ]nSn°pIbm

sW¶n¬ 1sImcn 12:31 s‚ C]Imcap≈ hymJym\w

A\y`mjmhcw t]mse ]m[m\yw Ipd™ hcw

At\zjn°m\p≈ AwKoImcambncn°p∂n√. 1sImcn

12:31 ¬ \n∂v FSp°mhp∂ G‰hpw \√ ]mtbmKnI

]mTw hy‡n]camb Iev]\bmbn FSpØm¬

t]mepw ]Tn∏n°m\p≈ hcw hm©n°pI F∂Xm

bncn°Ww.

E. A\y`mjbpsS `‡n]camb D]tbmKw t]mepw

tIhew _elo\amWv.

""A\y`mjIƒ'' Hcp ]m¿∞\m`mjbmbn IcpXpI

tbm Cu hcw AhcpsS kzImcy D]tbmKØn\msW

∂p Nn¥n°pItbm sNøp∂ At\Iw Icnkvam‰n°p

Imcp≠v. C]Imcap≈ AhImihmZßƒ

kXyk‘amsW∂pw AwKoImctbmKyamsW∂pw

ss__nfn¬ \n∂pw sXfnbn®pd∏n°m\nhn√. aØm.

6:7 hrYm Pev]\w hne°p∂psh∂p \mw I≠p

Ign™XmWt√m. a\ nem°m\mhmØ hm°pIƒ

D®cn®p ]m¿∞n°p∂Xv 1 sImcn 14:15 \ncp’ml

s∏SpØp∂pap≠v. Cu Imcyßƒ a\ nem°nbnń

√mØ hntZi`mj kw_‘n®v hmkvXhambncns°

]m¿∞\bn¬ ]ckv]c_‘an√mØ hm°pIƒ

D]tbmKn°p∂Xv ]utemkv hne°nbncp∂psh

∂Xn¬ Fs¥¶nepw kwibnt°≠Xpt≠m?

hy‡n]camb Hcp t\´w Ir]mhcØns‚ êßfn

sem∂mhmsa¶nepw F√m Ir]mhcßfpsSbpw

Dt±iyw a‰p≈hcpsS \∑bmWv(1 sImcn. 12:7).

GsX¶nepw Ir]mhcw kz¥t\´Øn\v D]tbmKn

°phm\mbn \¬Iphm≥ Hcn°epw km≤yXbn√.

amXa√ Ir]mhcßƒ kvt\lØn¬ D]tbmKn

t°≠XmWv(1 sImcn 13). Ir]mhcßƒ a‰p≈hcpsS

A\pKlØn\mWv, kz¥ D]tbmKØn\√ F∂v

CXv kqNn®n°p∂p. 1 sImcn 14:22- ¬ "A\y`mjIƒ'

AhnizmknIƒ°msW∂v ]tXyIw ]d™ncn

°p∂p. Cu Ir]mhcw ]m]n®hcpsS kzImcyhpw

`‡n]chpamb D]tbmKØn\pth≠nbmWv CXp

\¬Is∏ńcn°p∂sX¶n¬ AhnizmknIfpsS

\∑bv°v `hn°bn√t√m. Cu Bibßsfsb√mw

tN¿Øp Nn¥n°ptºmƒ Ir]mhcßƒ kz¥hpw

kzImcyhpamb D]tbmKØn\mWv \¬Ip∂sX∂

[mcWbv°v FXncmWv Cu LSIßƒ.

HSphnembn kzImcy ""]m¿∞\m`mjIƒ'' F∂Xn

s\ ]n¥mßp∂Xn\v Icnkvam‰n°phnizmknIƒ

D]tbmKn°p∂ hmIyßƒ a‰p \nebn¬ \∂mbn

hymJym\n°s∏ ncn°p∂p. 1 sImcn 14:1 ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv,

`mjmhcw ]hN\sØ°mƒ Ipd™XmsW∂ sX.

2˛mw hmIyw Bcw`n°p∂Xv Cw•ojn¬ for F∂

hmt°mSpIqSnbmWv. CXn\v ""F¥psIm≠∂m¬''

F∂mW¿∞w. C]Imcw 2˛mw hmIyw hcßfpsS

kzImcy D]tbmKØn\v AwKoImcapZ \¬Ip∂

X√. ""A\y`mjIƒ'' a‰p hcßtf°mƒ Ipd™Xm

sW∂ 1˛mw hmIyØnse ]tabsØ ]n¥mßp∂

\ntj[mflI ]kvXmh\bmWv CXv Dfhm°p∂Xv.

1 sImcn 14:1˛2 hmIyßfnse ]Tn∏n°¬ \ap°v

Cßs\ kwKln°mw ""`mjIfpsS hcw ]hN\hc


49 Nne¿ 1 sImcn 12:31 Hcp Iev]\bmbn´√; Hcp]kvXmh\bmbn´mWv FSp°p∂Xv. CXv hymIcWa\pkcn®v icnbmImw. amXa√ hy‡nIƒ CXchcßƒtXSp∂Xns\ \ncmIcn°pIbpw sNøp∂p. F∂m¬sImcn¥y¿ tijvThcßfmb hN\w ]Tn∏n°¬,]hN\w F∂nhsb hm©n°b√mbncp∂p. AXpt]mseXs∂ CXn\p kam¥cambn 1 sImcn. 14:1 an°hmdpwHcp Iev]\bmbn FSpt°≠XpamWv. 1 sImcn 13˛mwA≤ymbw CSthfbmIbm¬ 1 sImcn 12:31 Dw 14:1 Dwkam¥c`mKßfm sW∂¿∞w. AXpsIm≠v 1 sImcn 14:1Iev]\bmbncns°, 12:31 Dw Iev]\bmbn Klnt°≠XmWv (Hgn®pIqSm\mhØXv).

310

tØ°mƒ Ipd™XmWv (Xcw XmWXmWv) Fs¥

∂m¬ ssZhØn\p amXsa hymJym\n(]cn`mjI≥)

C√msX- AYhm ]cn`mjs∏SmsXbp≈ `mjWw

a\ nem°phm≥ IgnIbp≈q''. 1 sImcn 14:2 mjIƒ

kzImcyD]tbmKsØ ]n¥mßp∂n√. ]cn`mjs∏Sp

ØmsX (hymJym\w)bp≈ mjIfpsS D]tbmKsØ

AXv hna¿in°pIbmWv. A]Imcap≈ `mjIƒ

F¥mW¿∞am°p∂sX∂v ssZhØn\v amXta

Adnbq!

AXpt]mse, 1 sImcn 14:4 -˛se ]utemkns‚

]kvXmh\ A\y`mjIƒ kzImcy D]tbmKØn\v

AwKoImcapZ \¬Ip∂X√. hymJym\n°msXbp≈

`mjm D]tbmKØns\Xncmb hna¿i\amWnXv.

hmIyØns‚ BZy`mKw Cßs\ ]dbp∂p.

""A\y`mjbn¬ kwkmcn°p∂h≥ Xs∂Øm≥

BfloIh¿≤\ hcpØp∂p'' ChnsS kzbw

hcpØp∂ h¿≤\hv (enhancement) F∂p

]dbp∂Xv Cu ]›mØeØn¬ A\ptamZn®p

]dbpIb√. CXv hna¿i\tbmKyamWv. sXm´SpØ

hmIyØn¬ ]hN\w tijvTamsW∂p ]dbp∂p

ImcWw AXv k`sb samØØn¬ BfloIh¿≤

\hnte°p \bn°p∂p. (1 sImcn 8:10˛se BfloI

h¿≤\'' F∂ hm°v \ntj[mflIamb coXnbn¬

Ko°n¬ D]tbmKn®ncn°p∂Xv t\m°pI).

bYm¿∞Øn¬ 1 sImcn. 14:4˛¬ ‡n]camb ""A\y

`mjbv°v AwKoImcw \¬Ip∂n√.

A\y`mjmhcw hy‡n]camb D]tbmKØn\v

\¬InbX√ F∂ ho£WtØmSp tN¿∂v 1sImcn

14:28 Dw Nn¥n°m\mhpw. hymJym\n C√m™m¬

A\y`mjbn¬ kwkmcn°p∂h≥ k`bn¬

au\ambncn°s´sb∂mWv B hmIyw ]dbp∂Xv.

""Ah≥ Xt∂mSpw ssZhtØmSpw kwkmcn°s´''

F∂v AXns‚ HSphnesØ `mKØv ]dbp∂p. Hcp

]t£ CXns‚ efnXamb A¿∞w CXmWv:˛

""A\y`mjmhcap≈bmƒ k`bn¬ hymJym\n

(]cn`mjI≥) Cs√¶n¬ ]ckyambn A\y`m jbn¬

kwkmcn°cpXv, adn®v k`bn¬ ipiqj \¬Ip∂

kabw Abmƒ kz¥w `mjbn¬ im¥ambn

[ym\tØmSpw ]m¿∞\tSmbpw ssZhk∂n[nbn¬

kabw sNehgnt°Ww. ]m¿∞\bn¬ ""A\y`mj

Iƒ'' D]tbmKn°p ∂Xn\v Cu hmIyw AwKoImcw

\¬Ip∂Xmbn FSp°cpXv.

Npcp°n∏d™m¬, A\y`mjIƒ `‡n]cambn

(devotional) D]tbmKn°p∂Xn\v thZ]p kvXIw

AwKoImcw \¬Ip∂n√. ]tXyI ]m¿∞\mhc

ßƒ IqSmsX Xs∂ ssZhk∂n[nbn¬ ]thin®v

ipiqj sNøphm≥ X°hÆw F√m hnizmknIfpw

]ptcmlnX∑mcmWv. F√mh¿°pw Xpey]thi\am

Wp≈Xv(Fs^. 2:18, 1 ]sXm. 2:9; shfn. 1:6; 5:10).

Hcp `mj a\ nem°p∂Xs√¶n¬ AXv ]m¿∞

\bn¬ D]tbmKn°m≥ A\phZn°p∂n√ (1sImcn.

14:15). ip≤amb `mjbpsS `mKa√mØ Ahy‡`m

jWw ]m¿∞\bn¬ A\phZ\oba√ AXmbXv

icnbmb ip≤`mjb√mØsXm∂pw (aØm. 6:7).

F. "A\y`mjIƒ' AhnizmknIƒ°v ASbmfam

bncnt°≠Xn\mWv.

1 sImcn. 14:22 ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv A\y`mjIƒ

AhnizmknIƒ°mWv ASbmfambncn°p∂ sX∂

tX. B[p\nI Icnkvam‰n°pImcpsS at≤y ""A\y

`mjIƒ'' A[nIhpw k`IfnemWp ]tbmKn°p∂Xv,

\jvSs∏´ Bflm°sf t\Sm≥ Xosc Ipd®pamXsa

D]tbmKn°mdp≈p.

G. A\y- m-jm- m-j-°m¿ kzb-kw-b-a-\-Ønepw \nb-

¥-W-Øn-epw ]q¿Æ i≤-]m-en-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

1 sImcn. 14:32 ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv: ""]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS

Bflmhv ]hm-N-I-∑m¿°p Iog-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂p''

F∂m-Wv. CXns‚b¿∞w ]pXnb \nbaw shfn-s∏-Sp-

Øp∂ ]h-N-\-hcw ]mh¿Øn-I-am-°p-∂-Xn¬ B

hy‡n kzb-\n-b-¥Ww shSn-™v Hcp-Xcw Bfl-hn-

h-i-X-sb-t∂m-W-ap≈ D∑m-Zm-h-ÿ-bn-em-I-W-sa-∂n√

F∂tX. AXm-b-Xv, Aß-s\-sbmcp Imcyw CXn¬

Dƒs°m-≈p-∂n-√. mjm-h-c-Øns‚ Imcy-Ønepw CXp

kXy-am-Wv (C-ßs\ Xs∂-bm-bn-cn -°-W-sa-∂v

Hcmƒ°p A\p-am-\n-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv). F∂n-cp-∂m-epw

]e Icn-kvam-‰n-°p-Ifpw ""At_m-[m-h-ÿ-t]m-ep-

≈tXm Bfl hnh-i-X-sb-∂- \n-e-bn-ep-≈tXm Bb

A\p-` -hsØ Db¿∂ Bfln-IX F∂p apZ

IpØp∂p.

H. k -bn¬ _p≤n-]q¿∆-amb kw`m-j-Wta A\p-h-Z-

\o-b-am-bn- p-≈q.

Cu am\-ZWvUw At\I Icn-kvam-‰n-°p-Ifpw ewLn-

°m-dp-≠v. ]cn- mj IqSm-sX-bp≈ `mj-Iƒ B-Zn-a-k-

-bn¬ shdptX A\p-h-Zn-®n-cp-∂n-√. (1 sImcn. 14:7˛12,

28) ]cn- m-j-bn-√msX hntZ-i- m-j-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-

∂Xv Iaw-sI´ \S-]-Sn-bm-sW∂v ]pd-Øp-≈-h¿ Icp-

Xp-∂Xv \ymb-am-bn-cp-∂p (1 sImcn. 14:23). a\- n-em-

ImØ `mj-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv ]Iz-X-bn-√mØ

_men-i-amb G¿∏m-Smbn amXta ]cn-K-Wn-°m\m-hp-

am-bn-cp-∂p-≈q (1 sImcn. 14:20).

bYm¿∞hpw ip≤-hp-amb `mj-I-fpsS hcw \¬In-

bn -cp∂ Ime-b-f-hn¬t]mepw a\- n-em-ImØ


311

`mjIƒ k`-bn¬ \n∂v Hgn-hm-°n-bn-cp-∂p. GsX-

¶nepw `mj-bn¬ Dƒs∏-SmØ hrYm Pev]\w CtX-

am-Xncn k -bn¬ ]th-in-°msX hne-°n-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v

Icp-Xp-hm≥ hnj-a-an-√.

I. A\y`mj°mcpsS FÆw

Hcp ipiq-j-bn¬ Gdn-bm¬ c≠p-t]¿ As√-¶n¬

aq∂p-t]¿ amXta A\y-`m-j-bn¬ kwkm-cn-°m-hq.

AXpw Hcmƒ amXw Hcp ka-b-Øv (1 sImcn. 14:27).

Cu am¿§ \n¿t±-i-ßƒ efn-X-ambpw AtX-]Sn ]men-

°-s∏-tS-≠-Xm-Wv. F¶nepw Nne Icn-kvam-‰n°v IqSn

hc-hp-Iƒ CXn¬ Atº ]cm-P-b-am-Wv.

J. ipiqjIƒ IaoIrXambncn°Ww

ipiq-j-bn¬ bmsXmcp ktµ-l-hp-an-√m-Ø-hn[w Ia-

Øn-em-bm-cn-°-Ww(1 sImcn. 14:33, 40).

k -bpsS Imcy-\n¿∆-l-W-Øn¬ Nne Icn-kvam-‰n°v

hn`m-K-ßƒ Cu ASn-ÿm-\-XXzw ]men-°p-t∂-bn-√.

K. A\y- m-j-Isf kw_-‘n®v thZ-]p-kvXI \n_-

‘-\-I-fp-sS kwK-lw.

Icn-kvam-‰nIv apt∂-‰-Øn¬, hnhn-[-Xcw Bfp-Iƒ,

hnkrX aWvU-e-Øn¬ Dƒs°m-≈p-∂p-≠v. bp‡n-]-

c-amb Pohn-X-ssien ]pe¿Øp-∂-hcpw hfsc arZp-

kao-]-\-co-Xn-bp-≈-h-cp-ap-≠v. AS-bmf h-c-ßƒ \n∂p-

t]m-bn-´n-s√∂pw Icn-kvam-‰n-°p-Iƒ°v kXy-k-‘-

ambpw hmkvX-h-ambpw mjm-hcw Ds≠∂pw \mw k¶-

ev]n-®m¬ t]mepw mjm-hcw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn

ss__nƒ \n¿t±-in-°p∂ \n_-‘-\-IfpsS Imcy-

Øn¬ At\-Icpw Atß-b‰w t]mcm-bva-bp-≈-h-cm-

sW∂p kΩ-Xnt® ]‰q.

a\- n-em-°m-\m-hmØ `mj-Iƒ k -bn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-

°-cp-Xv (1 sImcn. 14:28). F∂ auen-I-XXzw AtX-

]Sn A\p-h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn¬ C°q-´¿ F√m-hcpw

Xs∂ ASn-sX-‰n-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v ]d-bmsX hø. Cu

\n_-‘\ icn-bmb `mj-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn¬

]c-a-]-[m-\-am-sW-¶n¬, hmZ-Øn-\mbn kΩ-Xn-®m¬

t]mepw tIhew Ahy-‡-`mjI-fpsS Imcy-Øn¬

FX-b-[nIw! a\- n-em-Im-Ø, D®m-c-W-ßtfm Ie-

]n-e-i-_vZ-ßtfm D∑m-Zm-h-ÿ-bn-ep≈ Nne-bv°-ep-

Itfm BZna k -bn¬ A\p-h-Zn-®n-cp-∂n-s√∂p Xo¿®.

Icn-kvam-‰n-°p-Iƒ, ss__nƒ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ \ne-

bn¬ `mj-Iƒ (`m-jm-h-cw) D]-tbm-Kn-°m-sX, AXn¿

ewLn-°p-∂p-sh-∂p-≈Xv ss__n-fns‚ A[n-Imcw

AwKo-I-cn-°m-sX, A\p-`-h-ßsf s]cp-∏n®p Im´n

AØcw t\Xm-°sf ss__n-fns‚ ÿm\Øv

]XnjvTn-°p-∂p-sh-∂p≈ s]mXp-hmb at\m-`mhw

shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-Wv. Bfl-kv\m-\w, Bflm-[n-

hmkw, A\y- m-j-kw-km-cn-°p-∂-Xnse Iahpw \n_-

‘-\-Ifpw CØcw ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb hnj-b-Øn¬

Icn-kvam-‰n-°p-I-fpsS \nebpw \ne-]mSpw Hcmƒ°v

kXy-k-‘-ambn AwKo-I-cn-°m\pw AXn¬ Bi-bn-

°m\pw ]‰m-Ø-Xm-sW-¶n¬ AS-bm-f-h-c-ßƒ \n∂p-

t]mtbm C√tbm F∂ D]-tZiw kw_-‘n®v Ah-

cpsS \ne-]m-Sns\ F¥p-sIm≠v AwKo-I-cn-°Ww?

AYhm AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ F¥m-Wp-d∏v? Fgp-X-

s∏´ hN\w Ah-K-Wn-°p-Itbm Aev]-]m-[m\yw

amXw \¬Ip-Itbm sNøptºmƒ A\p-`-h-ßsf

hymJym-\n-°p-∂-Xn¬ hnizm-kyX Fß-s\-bp-≠mhpw?

At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-tcmSp IqsS AS-bm-f-h-c-ßƒ ]tXy-

Im¬ `mjm-hcw \n∂p-t]mbn F∂p hniz-kn-°p-∂-

Xn¬ aXn-bmb thZ-]p-kvXI Imc-W-ß-fp-≠v amX-

a√, C∂sØ Icn-kvam-‰n-°p-I-fpsS Ahy-‡- m-jWw

ss__nƒ BZn-a-\q-‰m-≠n¬ A\p-h-Zn-®n-cp∂n√. icn-

bmb `mjm-h-c-hp-ambn ISepw IS-em-Snbpw t]mse-

bmWv _‘hpw kmayhpw. Ah-km-\-am-bn, Ah¿ ]d-

bp∂ `mjbv°v AwKo-Im-c-apZ \¬Im-sa∂p hnNm-

cn-®m-¬ ss__nƒ \n_-‘-\-Isf Ah¿ ]e-t∏mgpw

A\p-k-cn-°msXbmWv Imcy-\n¿∆-lWw \S-Øp-∂-

sX-¶ntem? Cu aq∂p hyXykvX ho£-WØn¬

\n∂p-sIm≠v Icn-kvam-‰nIv ]ÿm-\sØ XnI®pw

\ntj-[m-fl-I-ambn hne-bn-cp-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv. tcmK-im-

¥n-bpsS Xe-Ønepw AhcpsS hnizm-khpw sNbvXn-

Ifpw ]cm-P-b-a-sX.

V. A¤pX tcmK-im-¥n-sb-°p-dn®v ss__nƒ

""\nß-fn¬ Zo\-ambn InS-°p-∂-h≥ k -bnse

aq∏-∑msc hcp-Ø-s´. Ah¿ I¿Øm-hns‚ \ma-

Øn¬ Ahs\ FÆ]qin Ah-\p-th≠n

]m¿∞n-°-s´. F∂m¬ hn-izm-k-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb

]m¿∞\ Zo\-°msc c£n-°pw. I¿Ømhp

Ahs\ Fgp-t∂¬∏n-°pw. Ah≥ ]m]w

sNbvXn-´p -s≠-¶n¬ Ah-t\mSv £an-°pw

(bm-t°m. 5:14, 15).

A. tcmK-im-¥nbpw kuJy-am-°p-∂-hcpw

bmt°m. 5:14- 15 ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv, tcmKn-Iƒ°v kuJyw

]m]n-°p-hm≥ ]m¿∞\ Hcp apJm-¥-c-am-sW-∂-tX.

tcmKn -Ifm -bn -´p≈ `‡-cpsS ZrjvSm -¥-ßƒ

ss__nƒ \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv ]cn-tim-[n-®m¬, Hcp

s]mXp-XXzw bmt°m_v \¬Ip-I-bm-sW∂p Icp-Xp-

∂-Xm-Wp-Ø-aw, adn®v A\n-hm-cy-amb (am-dn-°q-Sm-Ø)

Hcp hmKvZØw \¬Ip-I-bm-sW∂p Icp-tX-≠-Xn-√.

a‰p hm°p-I-fn¬ ]d-™m¬ ]m¿∞-\, ]e-t∏mgpw


312

50 tbm-l. 14:12 `uXnI tcmK-im-¥n-tbm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬

Hcp ]tXyI coXn-sb∂ \ne-bnepw km[m-c-W-bmbpw

BtcmKyw bYm-ÿm-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn¬ Hcp apX¬°q-

´p-X-s∂-bm-Wv. Btcm-Ky-]-iv\-Øn¬ Bfp-I-fpsS

At]-£-Iƒ A\-h-Zn-°p-∂Xv ssZhsØ kw_-

‘n®v Akm-[m-cW Imcy-sam-∂p-a-√. F∂m¬ F√m-

bvt]mgpw F√m hnizm-kn-Iƒ°pw kºq¿Æ kuJyw

hcp-Øp-hm≥ Ahn-Sp∂v IS-sº- n-cn-°p-∂n-√. AXn-ep-

]-cn, ChnsS ]d-bp∂ tcmK-kuJyw DS-\Sn kw -hn-

°p-∂-XmtWm AtXm ItaW kw -hn-°p-∂-XmtWm

F∂v Cu thZ-`mKw \n¿t±-in-°p-∂n-√. Ft∏mƒ?

Fßs\? kuJyw kw -hn-°p-∂p-sh∂p \n¿Æ-bn-°p-

∂Xv ssZh-am-Wv.

ss__nƒ hniz-kn-°p∂ F√m k -Ifpw hniz-kn-

°p-∂Xv ]m¿∞\ tcmK-kuJyw \¬Ip-∂-Xn¬ Hcp

LS-I-am-sW-∂m-Wv. F∂m¬, ]m¿∞-\bv°v kuJy-

am-°m≥ Ign-bp-sa∂p hniz-kn-°p-∂Xpw hnizm-k-

Øm¬ tcmK-kuJyw hcp-Øp-∂-h¿ Ds≠∂p hniz-

kn-°p-∂Xpw XΩn¬ hyXym-k-ap-≠v.

BZn-a-k-`-bn¬, hnizm-kn-Iƒ, tcmKn-I-fm-Ip-tºmƒ

hnizm-k- -ku-Jym-Zm-b-Isc hnfn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v

bmt°m_v ]d-bp-∂n√ F∂Xv ckIcamWv. t\sc

adn®v Ah¿ k -bnse aq∏-∑msc hcpØn ]m¿∞n-

°p-hm-\mWv ]d-bp-∂Xv. Cu hkvXpX AXn¬Øs∂

A∂v hnizm-k-tcm-K-im-¥n-°m¿ Xosc Ipd-hm-bn-cp-∂p-

sh-∂-Xns‚ kqN-\-bm-Wv. amX-a-√, AS-bm-f-h-c-ßƒ,

A[n-I-]¶pw k`bv°p shfn-bn-ep-≈-h-tcm-Sp≈ _‘-

Øn-emWv D]-tbm-K-Øn-en-cp-∂Xv F∂pw CXv kqNn-

∏n-°p-∂p. GsXmcp hnizm-knbpw \ymb-ambpw

AkpJw hcp-tºmƒ a‰p hnizm-kn-I-tfmSp ]m¿∞n-

°p-hm≥ ]d-bp-I-bmWv kzm`m-hn-I-amb ]Xn-I-c-Ww.

Icn-kvam-‰n°v hnizm-kn-I-f-√mØ k -Iƒ C]-Im-c-

amWv A\p-h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv. ssZhØn\v kuJy-am-°p-

hm≥ Ign-bp-sa∂pw C∂pw kuJy-am-°p-∂p-sh∂pw

Ah-¿ hniz-kn-°p-tºmƒ Xs∂ ssZh-Øn\v hnizmk

tcmK-im-¥n-°m¿ C∂pw temI-Øn-ep≠v F∂ ssZh-

imkvXw Ah¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂n-√.

B. AS-bmf hc-ßfpw tcmK-ku-Jyhpw

At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-tcm-Sp-IqsS AS-bm-f-h-c-ßfpw \n∂p-

t]mbn F∂p hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ apgp-h≥ \ymb-

hm-Z-ßfpw ChnsS Bh¿Øn-t°-≠-Xn-√... (Cw-•o-j-

\p-k-cn®v 271-˛276 t]Pp-Iƒ ImWp-I). tcmK-im¥n

Hcp AS-bm-f-h-c-am-sW∂v Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°pI amX-

amWv Bh-iy-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CXv ÿm]n-°p-hm≥

]bm-k-an-√. AS-bm-f-ß-sf-°p-dn®p ]d-bp∂ At∏m-

kvXe ]hr-Øn-I-fnse At\I thZ- m-K-ßƒ°pw

]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ A¤pX tcmK-im-¥n-Im-Wm≥

Ignbpw.

""kuJy -am-°p-hm≥ \ns‚ ssI\o-´p-∂-Xn-

\mepw \ns‚ ]cn-ip-≤-Zm-k-\mb tbip-hns‚

\ma-Øn¬ AS-bm-f-ßfpw A¤p-X-ßfpw D≠m-

Ip-∂-Xn-\m-epw, \ns‚ hN\w ]q¿Æ-ss[-cy-

tØm-Sp-IqsS ]kvXmhn-∏m≥ \ns‚ Zmk-

∑m¿°p Ir] \-evtI-W-ta (A-t∏m. 4:30).

As∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cpsS ssIøm¬ P\-Øns‚

CS-bn¬ ]e AS-bm-f-ßfpw A¤p-X-ßfpw \S-

∂p. Ah¿ F√m-hcpw GI-a-\-t msS imtem-

tams‚ aWvU-]-Øn¬ IqSn hcnI ]Xn-hm-bn-

cp -∂p.""tcmKn-Isf ]pd-Øp-sIm-≠p-h-∂p,

]sXmkv IS∂p-t]m-Ip-tºmƒ Ahs‚ \ng¬

F¶nepw Ah-cn¬ h√-h-cp-sSbpw ta¬ hotg-

≠-Xn\p hoYn-I-fn¬ hncn-∏n-t∑epw InS-°-

taepw InS-Øpw. AXp-Iq-SmsX sbcp-i-te-an\p

Np‰p-ap≈ ] -W-ß-fn¬ \n∂p ]pcp-jmcw h∂p

IqsS tcmKn-I-sfbpw Aip-≤m-flm-°ƒ _m[n-

® -h -scbpw sIm≠ph-cn -Ibpw Ah¿

F√m-hcpw kuJyw ]m]n-°bpw sNøpw.''

(A-s∏m. 5:12, 15- 16).

tcmK-im¥n Xo¿®-bmbpw Hcp ""AS-bmf'' hc-amWv.

AS-bm-f-ßƒ As∏m-kvtXm-enI A[n-Imcw Dd-∏n-°m-

\mbncp∂-Xp-sIm≠v tcmK-im-¥n-hcw As∏m-kvX-e-

∑m-cpsS Ime-tØmsS \n∂p t]mbn F∂v Hcmƒ°p

\ymb-ambpw A\p-am-\n-°m≥ Ign-bpw. ]m¿∞-\-bm¬

ssZhw kuJy-am-°p-∂-Xns\ CXv \ncm-I-cn-°p-∂n-√,

AXp-t]mse A¤p-X-ßƒ (ho-cy-]-hr-Øn-Iƒ) \S-

°p-∂-Xn-s\bpw CXv Hgn-hm-°p-∂n-√. F∂m¬ hnizm-

k-tcm-K-im-¥n-°mtcm hocy-]-hrØn sNøp-∂-htcm

C√ F∂v CXv Xo¿®-bm-bepw A¿∞-am-°p-∂p-≠v.

tcmK-kuJyw tcmK-im-¥n-°m¿ Ch XΩn¬ \mw th¿-

Xn-cn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. AXp-t]mse Xs∂ hocy]hr-Øn-

Ifpw hocy-]-hr-Øn-Iƒ sNøp-∂-hcpw XΩnepw

th¿Xn-cn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. H∂v km≤y-am-Wv. at‰Xv

Akm≤y-hpw.

C. Icn-kvam-‰n-°v Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-ßfpw thZ-]p-kvXI

]Tn-∏n-°-ep-I-fpw.

1. hocy-]-hr-Øn-Iƒ \S-°p-∂-Xnse kab thKX

InkvXp-hn-s‚bpw As∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cp-sSbpw sFlnI

ipiq-j-Iƒ Dƒs∏sS ss__nƒ Ncn-X-Øn¬ kw -

hn®n´p≈ A¤pX ]hr-Øn-I-fpsS Iaw, thKX Ch-

tb-°mƒ henb kab thK-X-bmWv km[m-c-W-bmbn

Icn-kvam-‰n-°p-Iƒ Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂Xv F∂p \mw

i≤n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v 50. `qap-JØv Xoh-amb \ne-bn¬


313

A¤p-X-]-hr-Øn-Iƒ \S∂ aq∂p Ime-L- -ß-fp-≠v.

tami-bp-sSbpw tbmip-h-bp-sSbpw Imew, Gen-bm-hn-

s‚bpw Geo-i-bp-sSbpw Imew, AXp-t]m-se, tbip-

hn-s‚bpw As∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cp-sSbpw Imew. a‰p kµ¿ -

ß-fn¬ ss__nƒ Ime-L- -ß-fn¬ Xs∂ A¤p-X-

ßƒ hfsc A]q¿∆-am-bn-cp-∂p.

I¿Ømhv F√m-h-scbpw kuJy-am-°n-bn- n√; `qan-im-

kvX-]-c-ambn hnkvXr-X-amb taJ-e-bn-te°v Ahn-

SpsØ ipiqj hnI-kn-X-am-bn-cp-∂p-an√. ]pXnb

\nba Ime-L- -Øn¬Xs∂ temI-sa-ºmSpw FXtbm

A[nIw tcmKn-Iƒ A¤p-X-ku-Jy-w ]m]n°m-Ø-h-

cmbn D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. hocy-]-hr-Øn-Iƒ F√m-bvt]mgpw,

ka-bw, Ime-L- -ßƒ, qan-im-kvX-]-c-amb hnkvXrXn

F∂n-h-tbm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ ]cn-an--X-s∏- n-cp-∂p.

""Gen-bm-hns‚ ImeØp BImiw aqhm≠pw

Bdp-am-khpw AS-™n´p tZiØp Fßpw

alm-£maw D≠m--b-t∏mƒ bnkm-tb-en¬ ]e

hn[-h-am¿ D≠m-bn-cp∂p F∂p Rm≥ bYm¿∞-

ambn \nß-tfmSp ]d-bp-∂p. F∂m¬ kotZm-

\nse ksc-]vX-bn¬ Hcp hn[-h-bpsS ASp-°-

te-°-√msX Ah-cn¬ Bcp-sSbpw ASp-°-

te°v Gen-bm-hns\ Ab-®n-√. A∆Æw

Genim ]mh-N-Is‚ ImeØp bnkm-tb-en¬

]e IpjvT-tcm-Kn-Iƒ D≠mbn-cp-∂p. kpdn-b-°m-

c-\mb \b-am≥ A√msX Ah-cmcpw ip≤-am-

bn√ F∂p Ah≥ ]-d-™p. ]f-fn-bn-ep-≈-h¿

CXp tI´n v F√m-hcpw tIm]w \nd™-h-cmbn

F-gp-t∂-‰p'' (eqs°m. 4:25- 28).

""Cu ]¥-≠p-t]-scbpw tbip Ab-°p-tºmƒ

Ah-tcmSp B⁄m-]n-®-sX-s¥-∂m¬ PmXn-

I-fpsS ASp-°¬ t]mIm-sXbpw ia-cy-cpsS ]-

´-W-Øn¬ IS-°m-sXbpw bnkm-tb¬ Krl-

Ønse ImWm-sX-t]mb BSp-I-fpsS ASp-°¬

Xs∂ sN√p-ho≥'' (a-Øm. 10:5,6).

FÆ-Ønepw ka-b-Ønepw hocy-]-hr-Øn-Iƒ \S-

°p∂ ÿe-Øns‚ Imcyw B[p-\nI hnizmk tcmK-

im-¥n-°m¿ Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv, thZ-]p-kvXIw

\evIp∂ ZrjvSm-¥-ß-tf-°mƒ A[n-I-am-Wv. F∂m¬

thZ-]p-kvXI Ncn-X-a-\p-k-cn-®v t\m°n-bm¬ hocy-]-

hr -Øn -Iƒ \S-∂Xv, h√-t∏m -gp -sam -s°bpw

A]q¿∆ambncp∂p. Ah Hcn-°epw s]m-Xp-hm-bn-t´m,

ka-b-ssZ¿Ly-ta-dn-b-tXm, \S∂ ÿe-Øns‚ Imcy-

Øn¬ hnkv-XrX `qta-J-ebntem Bbncp-∂n-√.

2. tcmK-ßƒ kw_-‘n®v thZ-]p-kvXI amXr-I-Iƒ

hnizmk tcmK-im-¥n-°m¿ Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv, F√m

hnizm-kn-Iƒ°pw th≠n-bp≈ ssZh-lnXw Ah¿

F√m k-a-bØpw Btcm-Kyap≈hcmbncn°-W-sa-

∂mWv. Ahsc kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw imco-cnI tcmK-

ßtfm Akz-ÿ-XItfm Bfln-I-amb ]iv\-Øns‚

kqN-\-bm-Wv. thZ-]p-kvXI ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ Cu Bi-

bsØ ]n¥m-ßp-∂n-√. As∏m-kvX-e-\mb ]utemkv

At±-l-Øns‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬ ssZh-ln-X-Øn\v hf-sc-

b-[nIw ka¿∏n-°-s∏- n-cp-s∂-¶nepw At±lw tcmKn-

bm-bn-cp-∂p.

""shfn-∏m-Sp-I-fpsS B[n-Iy-Øn¬ Rm≥ AXn-

bmbn \nK-fn®p t]mIm-Xn-cn-∏m≥ F\n°p PU-

Øn¬ Hcp iqew X∂n-cn-°p-∂p. Rm≥ \nK-

fn®p t]mIm-Xn-cn-t°-≠-Xn\p Fs∂ IpØp-

hm≥ kmØms‚ ZqXs\ Xs∂. AXp Fs∂

hn´p \otß-≠-Xn\p Rm≥ aq∂p-h´w I¿Øm-

hn-t\m-S-t]-£n-®p. Ah≥ Ft∂mSv: Fs‚ Ir]

\n\°p aXn. Fs‚ i‡n _-e-lo-\-X-bn¬

XnI-™p-h-cp∂p F∂p ]-d -™p

(2 sImcn. 12: 7˛9).

BZna k -bnse ka¿∏n-X-cmb a‰v ssZh-a-°ƒ imco-

cnI ]mb-k-ßƒ A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-®n-cp-∂p. hniz-kvX-

cmb InkvXob hnizm-kn-Iƒ F√m-bvt∏mgpw Btcm-

Ky -Zr-V-Km-X-cm-sW∂Xv Hcn-°epw icn-b-√.

taem¬ sh≈w amXw IpSn-°msX \ns‚

APo¿Æ-Xbpw IqsS-°q-sS-bp≈ £oW-

Xbpw \nanØw Aev]w ho™p tkhn-®p-I-

≈p-I.'' (1 Xnsam. 5:23).

F∂m¬ Fs‚ ktlm-Z-c\pw Iq´p-th-e-°m-

c\pw kl-`-S\pw \nß-fpsS ZqX\pw Fs‚

_p≤n-ap- n∂p ipiq-jn-®-h-\p-amb F∏-s^m-

Zn-sØm-kns\ \nß-fpsS ASp-°¬ Ab-°p-

∂Xp Bhiyw F∂p F\n°p tXm∂n. Ah≥

\nßsf F√m-h-scbpw ImWm≥ hm-RvOn®pw

Xm≥ Zo\-ambn InS∂p F∂p \nßƒ tI -Xp-

sIm≠p hyk-\n-®p-an-cp-∂p. Ah≥ Zo\w

]nSn®p acn-∏m-dm-bn-cp∂p kXyw. F¶nepw

ssZhw Ah-t\mSp IcpW sNbvXp. Ah-t\mSp

amX-a-√, F\n°v ZpxJ-Øn-t∑¬ ZpxJw hcm-

Xn -cn -∏m≥ Ft∂mSpw IcpW sNbvXp

(^nen. 2:25˛27).


tbip-hn-t\-°mfpw A[nIw henb hocy-]-hr-Øn-IƒAs∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿ sNøp-sa∂v Cu hmIy-Øn-\¬∞-an-√.am\-km-¥-cm-\p- -h-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ tbip-InkvXpXs‚ sFlnI ipiq-j-bn¬ sNbvX-Xn-t\-°m-f-[nIw A\p-K-l-ßƒ Ah¿°v A\p-`-hn-°m≥ Igbpw F∂mWvCXns‚ A¿∞w.

314

Fc-kvsXmkv sImcn-¥n¬ Xma-kn®p sXm^n-

sam-kns\ Rm≥ ante-Øn¬ tcmKn-bmbn

hnt´®p t]m∂p (2 Xnsam. 4:20).

Bfln-I-cmb At\I hnizm-kn-Ifpw tcmKn-I-fmbn acn-

®p-sh-∂-Xn\v FXtbm A[nIw sXfn-hp-Iƒ \nc-Øp-

hm-\p-≠v. eqYdpw ]tXy-Im¬ Im¬hn\pw tcmKn-I-

fm-bn-cp-∂p. F√m-bvt∏mgpw BtcmKyw F∂-XmWv

ssZh-ln-X-sa-∂p-d-∏n-°p-∂-Xv, ssZh-im-kvX-]-c-ambpw

A\p- -h-]-c-ambpw auVy-am-Wv. CØcw Zpcp-]-tZ-i-

ßƒ InkvXym-\n-Xz-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ am\yX \in-∏n-

°p-∂-Xn¬ Iem-in-°p-tI-bp-≈q. D]-tZ-i-]-c-ambn Dd-

∏n-√m-Ø-h-cpw, At∏mƒXs∂ ssZhw \ap°v F√m-

bvt]mgpw kºq¿Æ Btcm-Ky-amWv A`n-e-jn-°p-∂-

sX-∂pw. hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿°v hnhn-[-\n-

e-bn¬ \ntj-[m-fl-I-ambn ]Xn-I-cn-°m≥ Ign-bpw.

tcmKw BflnI ]cm-P-b-Øn\p≈ ssZh-Øns‚

\ymb-hn-[n-bm-bn-cn-°-bn√ F∂ hkvXp-Xbv°p

at≤ybpw Hcp-]t£ CØ-c-°m¿, kzbw shdp-°p-∂-

hcpw kzbw lo\-cmbh-cp-am-Imw. CXv icn-b-√mØ

Ip-‰-t_m-[w, kΩ¿±w, F∂n-h-bn-te°pw kz-bta

Atbm-Ky-Nn-¥-bn-te°pw \bn-°pw. amX-a√ ssZh--

kvt\-l-sØ-°p-dn®v kwi-b-hp-ap-≠m-Imw.

""BtcmKy ssZh-im-kvX''-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂

Hcmƒ°p-≠m-Ip∂ tcmKw At±-l-Øns‚ kzb ho£-

W-sØ-Øs∂ _m[n-°pw. amX-a√ ssZhsØ kw_-

‘n® At±-l-Øns‚ ImgvN∏mSns\ AXv _m[n-°p-

I-Xs∂ sNøpw. Hcm-fpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ FSpØp ]d-

b-Ø° sX‰p-Iƒ H∂p--an-√msX At±-l-Øn\p ]Xn-

k-‘n-Ifpw ]iv\-ßfpw A\p-h-Zn-°p-tºmƒ ssZhw

Iqc-\m-sW∂pw [m¿Ωn-I-ambn Ahn-Sp∂v icn-b-s√

∂pw tXm∂pw. t\sc-a-dn-®v, ssZhw BtcmKyw Dd∏v

\¬-Ip-Ibpw Aßs\ sNøm-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXm

¬, ssZhw _e-lo-\-\m-sW-∂p-hcpw. ssZhw C√ F

∂mWv ]Xn-I-c-W-sa-¶n¬ AXv AXnepw tami-am-Ipw.

F√m-hcpw F√m-bvt]mgpw Btcm-Ky-am-bn-cn-°-sW-

∂mWv ssZhw BK-ln-°p-∂-sX∂ hymP ssZh-

imkvXw At\-I¿°v BI¿j-I-am-Wv. F∂m¬ AXv

thZm-[n-jvTn-Xtam hnizmk h¿≤-\-hn\v ]tbm-P-\-

I-c-tam A√. ssZh-Øn\v imco-cn-I-tcm-KsØ D]-tbm-

Kn-°m≥ Ign-bpw. Hcp hnizm-kn-bpsS A\p- -h-Øn¬

\n∂v ssZhw AXns\ ]q¿Æ-ambn \o°n-°-f-bp-∂p-

an-√. Bfln-I-\mb Hcp hnizm-kn-bpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬

ssZhw IjvSX A\p-h-Zn-°p-sa-∂-Xns‚ \nc-h[n

DØa ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ (Im-c-W-ßƒ) ss__nƒ

\¬Ip-∂p-≠v.

3. IjvSX A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂-Xn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ ]≤Xn

tcmK-ßƒ Dƒs∏sS hnizm-kn-Iƒ F√m-Øcw

IjvSX-I-fn¬ \n∂pw Hgn-hp-≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°-sW-∂mWv

ssZhw BK-ln-°p-∂Xv F∂ Bibw hymP-am-Wv.

hy‡n-]-c-amb ]m]w tcmK-Im-c-W-am-Im-sa-¶nepw (tbm-

l. 5:14; 1 sImcn. 11:30), ssZhw hnhn[ Imc-W-ß-

fm¬ IjvSX A\p-h-Zn-°pw. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Xncp-sh-

gpØp ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv, hnizm-kn-Iƒ IjvSß-fn-eqsS

IS∂p t]mIp-∂-Xn\-mbn ap≥\n-b-an-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p-

sh-∂m-Wv (^n-en. 1:29; 1 sX . 3:3; 2 Xnsam. 2:11; 3:12;

1 ]sXm. 4:12-˛13). ]co-£-Iƒ, tcmK-Øn¬ \n∂m-

bmepw a‰p ]iv\-ß-fn¬ \n∂m-bmepw InkvXob

hf¿®-bv°m-bp≈ ssZhnI ]≤-Xn-bpsS `mK-am-Wv.

F√m IjvS-X-Ifpw ]nimNp \nan-Ø-amtbm hy‡n-]-

c-amb ]m]-ßƒ \nan-Ø-amtbm BsW∂p Icp-Xp-

∂-h¿ IjvS-X-sb-°p-dn®v thZm-\p-km-c-a-√mØ ssZh-

imkvXw apdpsI ]nSn-°p-I-bm-Wv. \oXn-∑m¿ IjvS-a-

\p- -hn-°p-hm≥ ssZhw A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂p (k-¶o. 34:19)

]co-£-Iƒ, H-cmƒ klm-\p- q-Xn-tbmSp IqsS a‰p-≈-

hsc Icp-Xp-hm-\pw, kam\ ]iv\-ß-fn¬ a‰p-≈-hsc

\∂mbn ipiq-jn-∏m\pw IqSp-X¬ ]m]vX-\m-°n-tb-

°mw (2 sImcn. 1:3˛4). Pohn-X-Ønse `mhn- ]Xn-k-

‘n-I-fn¬ i‡nbpw kln-jvW-Xbpw ]Wn-Xp-d-∏n-°p-

hm≥ IjvS-X-Iƒ klm-b-I-am-Wv (bm-t°m. 1:2˛3) a‰p

hnizm-kn-I°v CXv hniz-kvX-X-bpsS ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ

Df-hm-°p-hm\pw Ign-bpw (Ctøm-_ns‚ ZrjvSm¥w

t\m°p-I. Ctøm. 13:15). AXp-t]mse Xs∂ Ahn-

izm-kn-Iƒ°v km£y-Øn\pw apJm-¥n-c-amImw

(tbml. 11:4, 12:10- 11) IjvS-X-Iƒ°pw ITn-\m-\p- -h-

ßƒ°pw ssZ-h-Øn-ep≈ Bibw Df-hm-°p-∂-Xnt\m

AXn¬ \ne-\n¬°p-∂-Xnt\m \sΩ _e-s∏-Sp-Øpw.

AtX, kabw Bekyw ssZhsØ ad-°p-hm-\n-S-bm-

°n-tb-°mw (2 sImcn. 12:6˛9; Bh. 6:10- 12; 8:3), Ch

\sΩ ]m¿∞n-°p-hm\pw ]Tn-∏n-°pw. kΩ¿±-ßƒ

i≤-tbmSp IqSnb ]m¿∞\ Df-hm-°n-bn-´p-s≠-∂-

Xn\v thZ-]pkvXI ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ A\-h-[n-bp-≠v.

(1 iap 23:1; sbi. 37:1; aØm. 26:36- 45; A.-]. 4:29;

12:5) InkvXp-hns‚ A\p- hw Xs∂, IjvS-X-sb XpS¿

∂p≈ alXzw BsW∂v Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-Iƒ s]mXp

th kq-Nn-∏n-°p-∂p (eq-t°m. 24:26; ^nen. 2:8˛10;

1 ]sXm. 1:11).

ChnsSbnXm Hcp InkvXob Pohn-XsØ°pdn®v Dt±-

in-°p∂ amXr-I. hnizm-kn-Iƒ Nne IjvS-X-Iƒ A\p-

-hn-°-W-sa-∂-m-Wv ssZhw BK-ln-°p-∂-Xv, Imc-Ww

AXn-\m¬ Ah¿ IqSp-X-embn InkvXp-hn-s\-t∏m-se-

bm-Ip-hm≥ Ign-bpw. Ah≥ hnizm-kn-Isf tXP- n¬

tN¿Øp-sIm-f-fp-Ibpw sNøpw (1 ]sXm. 2:21; 4:13;

5:1,10). hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p-th-≠n-bp≈ ssZhnI ]≤-


315

Xnbn¬ IjvS-X-Ifpw Dƒs°m-≠n- p-≠v. Ahsb \∑-

bv°mbn ssZhw Dt±-in-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p (IqSn

hym]-cn-∏n°p-∂p). IjvS--X-b-\p-h-Zn-°p-I-sb-∂Xv ssZh-

ln-X-Øn≥ Iogntem ssZh-]-≤-Xn-bntem Dƒs∏´

Imcy-a-s√∂pw IjvS-X-b-\p-h-Zn-°p-∂tXm As√-¶n¬

F√m IjvS-X-Ifpw kmØm-\n¬ \n∂pw t\cn- p≈

BI-a-W-am-sW∂pw IjvSX kqNn-∏n -°p-∂Xv

BflnI ]cm-P-b-sØ-bm-sW∂pw ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ ssZh-

imkvX kº-Zmbw ]co-£-I-sf-°p-dn®v Xncp-sh-gpØp

]Tn-∏n-°p∂ Dt±-iy-Øn\p hncp-≤-am-Wv.

4. tcmK-im-¥n-°p≈ thZ-]p-kvXI amXr-I-Iƒ

B[p-\nI tcmK-im-¥n-°m-cpsS D]tZißfpw ]hr-

Øn-Ifpw, thZ-]p-kvXIØn¬ tcmK-im-¥n-bp-tS-Xmbn-

∏-d-b-s∏-Sp∂ kw -h-ß-fp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNtø-≠-

Xm-Wv. thZ-]p-kvXIw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ hy‡n-Iƒ

]mtbmKnI-am-°n-b-Xp-t]msebp≈ ""bYm¿∞tcm-K-

im-¥n-hc'-Øns‚ ASp-sØßpw C∂sØ A`n-\h

tcmK-im¥n°m¿ hcp-sa∂p tXm∂p-∂n-√.

a. hnizm-k-an-√m-Ø-hsc kuJy-am-°p-∂-Xv.

BXy-¥n-I-ambn tcmKn-bmb hy‡n-bpsS hnizm-

ksØ Bi-bn-®√ thZ-]p-kvXIw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂

tcmK-im¥n \ne-sIm-≈p-∂Xv I¿Ømthm As∏m-kvX-

e-∑mtcm hnizm-k-ap-≈-h-tcmSv A\p-Iq-e-ambn ]Xn-

I-cn-°p-Ibpw hnizm-k-an-√mØ cwKØv kuJy-am-°m-

Xn-cn-°bpw sNbvXn- p≠v F∂Xp icn-X-s∂. F∂m¬

Ah¿ hmkvX-h-Ønepw kXy-k-‘-X-bnepw kuJy-

Zm-b-I¿ F∂ \ne-bn¬ hnizm-k-Øns‚ km∂n-[y-an-

√mØ cwKØpw kuJy-am-°p-hm≥ ]m]vXn-bp-≈-h-

cm-bn-cp-∂p. Zpcm-flmhp _m[n-®-hsc kuJy-am-°p-∂-

Xn\p apºv, Ah¿°v Xo¿®-bmbpw hnizm-k-an-√m-bn-

cp∂p (a-Øm. 8:28- 29; a¿s°m. 1:23- 26). ]e cwK-ß-

fnepw Xs∂ Adn-bm-Ø-h-sc-bmWv tbip kuJy-am-

°n-b-Xv. s_tYkvZm Ipf-°-c-bn¬ InS∂ tcmKn-bmb

a\p-jy≥ Xs∂ \S-°p-am-dm-°-bnXv Bcm-sW∂v Adn-

™n-cp-∂n-√ (tbm-l. 5:13). Ipcp-S-\mbn ]nd∂ a\p-

jy≥ X\n°p ImgvN bYm-ÿm--\-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-hsc

InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-®n-cp-∂n-√ (tbm-l. 9:25, 35- 36).

Cu a\p-jy-cn¬ B¿°pw Xs∂ Ah¿ kuJy-am-Ip-

∂-Xn\p apsº hnizm-k-ap-≈-h-cm-bn-cp-∂n-√. ]Øv

IpjvT-tcm-Kn-I-fn¬ HºXpt]cpw Ah¿°p e`y-amb

A\p-K-l-Øn\p \µn ]d-bp-hm≥ InkvXp-hn-s‚-b-Sp-

tØ°p aSßn h∂n√ (eq-s°m. 17:11- 19). Xo¿®-bmbpw

Ah-cpsS hnizmkw Xosc _e-lo-\-am-bn-cp-∂p-

sht∂m Ah¿°p hnizmkw Xosc-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p-

sht∂m ]d-bmw. tZhm-eb tKm]p-c-Øn-¶¬ `n£-bm-

Nn -®p -sIm -≠n -cp∂ apS -¥≥ kuJy-Øn -\mbn

bmNn°sbm kuJyw ]Xo-£n-°tbm sNbvXn-√.

Ah≥ ]W-amWv tNmZn-®-Xv ]sXmkv Ah\p

kuJyw \evIn (A.-]. 3:2- 8).

bYm¿∞ tcmK-im-¥n-h-c-ap-≈-h¿ bmsXmcp hnizm-

k-an-√m-Ø-h-tcbpw kuJy-am-°p-hm-\p≈ Ign-thmSp

IqSn-b-h-cm-bn-cn-°-Ww. CXv C∂sØ tcmK-im¥n hoc-

∑m-cp-ambn t\¿ hn]-co-X-Xz-Øn-emWv. Fhn-sS-sb-

¶nepw tcmK-im¥n \S-°msX hcp-tºmƒ ]mhw ]nSn®

tcmKn-bpsS ta¬ Ahn-izm-k-Øns‚ ]gn-Nmcn XSn-X-

∏p-∂-h-cmWv B[p\nI tcmKim¥n°m¿. tcmKn-bpsS

hn-izm-k-an-√m-bva-bpsS ÿm\Øpw kuJy-am-°p-hm≥

Ign-hn-s√-¶n¬ bYm¿∞ tcmK-im¥n hcw Ah¿°n√

F∂mWv AXp hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xv.

b. thZ-]p-kvXIw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ tcmK kuJy-ß-

fpsS hnPb iX-am\w

Nne kµ¿ -ß-fn¬, InkvXphpw As∏m-kvX-e-∑mcpw

Nnesc kuJy-am -°m-Xn -cp -∂n -´p -s≠∂p≈Xv

icnbmWv. F∂m¬ Fs∏m-gms° kuJy-am-°p-hm≥

Ah¿ Xocp-am-\n-®pthm B kµ¿ -ß-fn-se√mw Ah¿

hnP-bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. 51. Bh. 18:21-˛22˛¬ Hcp

]hm-N-I≥ I≈ ]hm-N-I-\m-tWm-sb-∂-dn-bm≥

GsX-¶nepw Hcp ]h-N-\-Øn¬ sX‰n-bn- pt≠m F∂p

t\m°n-bm¬ aXn-sb∂v bnkm-tb-en-t\mSp \n¿t±-in-

°p-∂p-≠v. bYm¿∞-tcm-K-im-¥n-hcw Ds≠∂v Ah-

Im-i-hm-Z-ap-∂-bn-°p-∂-h-cpsS Imcy-Ønepw CØ-c-

samcp amXr-Itbm am\-Z-WvUtam D≠m-°p-∂Xv bp‡-

am-Wv. kuJy-am-°p-hm≥ ]cn-i-an-®n v km[y-am-ImsX

t]mb H‰ kw`-hw-t]mepw Ah-cpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬

D≠m-Ip-hm≥ ]mSn-√. hnizm-k-an-√m-Ø-hsc kuJy-

am-°p-∂--Xpƒs∏-sS.

c. ]e kµ¿ -ß-fnepw Zqctam AI-etam tcmK-ku-

Jy-Øn\v XS- -a-√.

]e kµ¿ -ß-fnepw ico-cn-I-ambn ASp-Øn-√m-Xn-cp∂


51 Cu ]kvXm-h\ I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ F√m-bvt]mgpw icn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. amX-a√ Ahn-SpsØAs∏m-kvsXm-e-∑msc kw_-‘n®v Ah-cpsS ta¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp h∂v tcmK-im-¥n hcw \¬In-b-ti-jhpw C°m-cyw AtX-]Sn icn-bm-Wv. s]¥-s°m-kvXn\p apºv, ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ A[n-hm-ktam hc-Zm-\tam A∏-kvsXm-e-∑m¿°p e`n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-ap-ºv, Hcp kµ¿ -Øn¬ kuJy-am-°p-hm≥ As∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿ ]cm-P-b-s∏- n- p-≠v (a-Øm. 17:16;a¿s°m. 9:17; eqs°m. 9:110). F∂m¬ CXv tcmK-im-¥n-h-c-ap≈ Hcmƒ kuJyw \¬Im-\m-hmsX ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v ZrjvSm-¥-a-√. t\sc adn-®v tcmK-im¥n hc-an-√m-Ø-h-cpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ ]m¿∞-\-°p-dhv AYhm ]m¿∞\^en-°msX t]mIp-∂-Xns‚ ZrjvSm-¥-am-Wn-Xv. ]n∂oSvs]¥-s°m-kvXn-\p-tijw As∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿ tcmK-kuJyw\¬Ip-hm≥ hc-]m-]vX-cm-bn-Øo¿∂p.

316

]e-tcbpw InkvXp kuJy-am-°n-bn- p-≠v. (a-Øm. 8:

5˛13; tbml. 4:49- 53). icn-bmb tcmK-im¥n hc-ap-≈-

h¿ Xß-fpsS k`m-lm-fp-I-fn¬ \n∂p-sIm≠v Zqsc-

bp≈ Bip-]-Xn-bnse tcmKnsb kuJy-am-t°-≠-Xm-

Wv. tcmK-im-¥n-°m-c-s‚-b-Sp-tØ°v kuJy-Øn-\mbn

tcmKn-I-sf-sIm-≠p-h-cp-hm≥ ]tXyI tbmK-ßƒ Iao-

I-cn-°p-I-b√ th≠-Xv. ASp-Øn-√mØ H-cm-fp-sS-ta¬

kuJyw hcp-amdv bYm¿∞ tcmK-im-¥n-h-c-ap-≈-bmƒ

Hcp-hm°v D®-cn-®m¬ amXw aXn. C]Imc-ap≈

bYm¿∞ tcmK--ku-Jy-sØ-°p-dn®v ss__nƒ shfn-

s∏-Sp-Øp∂ amXr-I-bp-ambn Xń-®p-t\m-°p-tºmƒ

C∂sØ tcmKim¥nhc°msc Cu ]ń-I-bn¬

Dƒs∏-Sp-Øphm≥ IgnIbn√.

d. A]--Xo-£n-Xhpw kzta-[-bmbpw ]c-ky-ambpw \n¿∆-

ln-°p∂ tcmK-ku-Jy-ßƒ

]pXnb \nba tcmK-ku-Jy-ßƒ H∂pw-X-s∂,

]tXyIw hnfn-®p-Iq- nb kzImcy tbmK-ß-fn¬ h®m-

bn-cp-∂n-√. hnizm-kn-Ifpw tcmKim¥n-]-Xo-£n-°p-∂-

hcpw amXw £Wn-°-s∏´ ""tcmK-im¥n ipiq-j-Iƒ''

C√m-bn-cp-∂p. A]-Xo-£nX ka-bØpw, kzta-[-

bmbpw ]c-ky-am-bp-amWv thZ-]p-kvX-I-tcm-K-im-¥n-Iƒ

\S-∂-Xv. ih-kw-kvIm-c-Øn-\mbn arX-i-cocw sIm≠p

t]mI-bn¬ I¿Ømhv Hcp hy‡nsb Dbn¿∏n-®p (-eq-

s°m. 7:11; aØm. 9:23- 25 Dw t\m°p-I). ih-°-√-d-

bn¬ \n∂pw Dbn¿∏n-®p (tbm-l. 11:43- 44). XnI®pw

A]-Xo-£n-X-amb A]-I-S-Øn-\p-tijw ]utemkv

bqØn-s°m-kns\ Dbn¿∏n-®p (A. -]. 20:7). CXn-t\-

°m-fp -] -cn , thZ-]p -kvXIw shfn -s∏-Sp -Øp∂

tcmKkuJy-ßƒ, iXp-°ƒ°p-t]mepw Ah-bpsS

hnizm-ky-Xbpw kXy-k-‘-Xbpw \ntj-[n-°m-\m-

ImØ hn[-ap-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. (tbm-l. 11:47- 48; A].

2:22; 4:16; 5:13). B[p-\nI tcmK-im-¥n-°m¿ A]-Xo-

£nX tcmK-kuJyw ]I¿∂p-sIm≠v AXym-lnX

hn`m-K-Ønse apdn Imen-bm-°nb kw`hw F-t∏m-sg-

¶nepw \S-∂n- pt≠m? Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ ""acn®'' hy‡n-

sb∂v AwKo-I-cn® Hcmsf Dbn¿∏n-°p-hm≥ skan-tØ-

cn-bn-te°v Ft∏msg¶nepw t]mbn´pt≠m? InkvXp-

hns‚ iXp-°ƒ°p-t]mepw \ntj-[n-°m-\m-hmØ

hn[w DØ-a-t_m≤yw \¬Ip-∂-hn-[-Øn-emtWm C°q-

´-cpsS tcmK-im-¥n-Iƒ? thZ-]p-kvXIw shfn-s∏-Sp-

Øp∂ kXy-k-‘-amb tcmK kuJy-tØmSp Xmc-X-

ay-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ B[p-\nI tcmK-im-¥n-°m¿ hnfdn

shfpØp \nev°p∂ ImgvN-bmWv ImWp-∂-Xv.

bYm¿∞-Øn¬, Ah¿°p tcmK-im¥n hcw C√m-

sb∂ I≈n shfn-®-Øm-hp-I-bm-Wn-hn-sS.

5. kºq¿Æm-tcmKyw Hcp `mhn hmKvZm-\-sa∂

\nebn¬

Iqins‚ ][m\ Dt±iyw BflnI kuJyw hcp-Øp-

I-sb-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. C°mcyw Nq≠n°m-Wn-°p-hm≥

]sXmkv sbi-ømhv 53- mw A≤ymbw D-≤-cn-°p-∂p

(1 ]-sXm. 2:24- 25). F¶nepw, "]m]-]-cn-lmc-Øns‚

Hcp LSIw imco-cnI kuJy-w Iq-sS-bm-bn-cp∂p F∂v

Icp-Xp-∂-Xn¬ ]iv\-sam-∂p-ap-≠m-Im≥ ]mSn-√. ]m]-

Øns‚ in£-bn¬ Bfln-Ihpw imco-cn-I-hp-amb

IjvS-X-Iƒ AS-ßn-bn- p-≠v. ]m]-Øns‚ ka-kvX- im-

]-ß-fn¬ \n∂p (tcmKw Dƒs∏-sS) am\h h¿§sØ

hnSp-hn-°-Ø-°-\n-e-bn¬ InkvXp ]m]-Øns‚ ]ng

sImSpØphoń-sb-∂Xv XnI®pw bp‡n-]cw Xs∂.

sbi. 53:4˛se F_mb hm°n¬ InkvXp \ΩpsS

tcmK-ßƒ°mbn acn-°p∂ Bi-bhpw DƒsIm-≈n-

°m≥ Ign-bpw. B hmIyw Cßs\ ]cn- m-j-s∏-Sp-

Ømw. ""Xo¿®-bm-bpw, Ah≥ \ΩpsS tcm-K-ßsf

Npa∂p thZ-\-Isf hln-®p.''

imco-cn-Im-tcmKyw kw_-‘n®v InkvXp-hns‚ Iqip-

a-c-W-Øn\p kp]-[m\ ]-¶p-s≠-∂p-≈-Xn¬ Icn-kvam-

‰n-°p-Ifpw A√m-Ø-hcpw XΩn¬ tbmPn-°m≥ Ign-

bpw. F∂m¬ ]iv\w F∂Xv kabw kw_-‘n-®mWv.

tcmK-Øn\p ]cn-lmcw Iqim-Wv. ]t£ kºq¿Æ

tcm-K-kuJyw Ft∏mƒ kw -hn°pw?

Bbn-c-am≠p hmgvN-bn¬ \ne-\n-ev°m≥ t]mIp∂

kuJy-Øn-s‚bpw BtcmKy-Øn-s‚bpw Hcp ap≥Iq-

ń-bp≈ Bkzm-Z\w InkvXp-hns‚ sFlnI ip-iq-

j-bn¬ \¬-In-bn- p-≠v (a-Øm. 8:17; F_m. 6:5 Dw

t\m°p-I). cmPmhv A∂p `qan-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂p,

cmPXz hmgvNm-th-f-bn¬ kw`-hn-°m≥ t]mIp∂

kuJy-Øns‚ kmºn-fp-Iƒ A∂v D≠m-bn. F∂m¬

cm-Pmhv Xnc-kvI-cn-°-s∏-´p. Ahn-SpsØ cmP-Io-b-

hmgvN \o°n-h-bv°-s∏-´p. cmP-Xzhpw hmgvNbpw

apt∂m´p \oń-h-bv°-s∏´ ÿnXnbv°v tcmK-ku-Jy-

Øns‚ Cu ap≥ \ng-ep-Iƒ H∂pw Xs∂ BtcmKy

ÿnXnsb°pdn®v ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂n-√.

Imem-¥tc tcmK-ßƒ XpS-®p-am-‰-s∏-Sp-sa-∂-Xn\v

InkvXp-hns‚ acWw kp\n-›n-X-amb ASn-ÿm-\-am-

bn´ps≠¶nepw Cu h¿Ø-am-\-Imew BtKmf tcmK-

im-¥n-bp-tS-Xm-bn-cn-°p-bn-s√-∂mWv At\I thZ- m-K-

ßfpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv tdma. 8:22- 23; 2 sImcn. 5:2 Ch.

t\csØ D≤-cn®p ka¿∞n-®n- p-≈-Xv, Cu h¿Ø-am-

\-Im-eØv ssZh-P-\-Øn\v Hcfhp-hsc imco-cnI

""Rc°'--am-sW∂v sXfn-bn-°m-\m-bn-cp-∂-t√m. ]m]-]-

cn-lm-c-Øn¬ tcmKkuJyw Dƒs∏ń´p≠v, ]t£

AXns‚ kabw `mhn-bn-em-Wv. `mhn-bn¬ IÆo¿


317

XpSbv°p-∂Xpw tcmKw XpS®p If-bp-∂Xpw ss__n-

fn¬ shfn. 21:4˛¬ hmZvKm\w sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂Xv AXp-

hsc tcmKhpw ac-Whpw D®m-S\w sNø-s∏-Sp-I-bn√

F∂-Xns‚ Dd-∏m-Wv. kmØms‚ \miw Iq-ip-aqew

Dd-∏p-\¬Ip-tºmƒ Xs∂, CXp-h-scbpw AXp \S-

∏n¬ hcp-Øn-bn- n-√m-Ø-Xp-t]m-se, tcmK-ßƒ \in-

∏n-°p-hm-\p≈ ASn-ÿm\w Iqip-ap-Jm-¥ncw ]q¿Øn-

bm°n Ign-™p. F∂m¬ CXp-h-scbpw AXv ÿm]n-

X-am-°n-bn-´n-√. Iqiv tcmK-Øn-t∑¬ hnPbw hcn-

®pthm C√tbm F-∂-X√ hnjbw, ]XypX B

hnPbw Ft∏m-gmWv ]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn kw -hn-°p-∂Xv

F∂-XmWv. ]m]sØ ]q¿Æ-ambn XpS®p \o°p-sa∂

hmKvZØw `mhn-Im-e-h-c-am-Wv. InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-

®m-i-bn-°p-∂-h¿°v AflnI kuJyw kw -hn-°p-sa-

¶nepw ]m]-Øns‚ im]Øn≥Iogn¬ ico-csØ

_m[n-°p-∂h ]eXpw C∂pw ]_-e-am-sW∂

hkvXpX hy‡-amWv (D-ev]. 3:14 ImWp-I). ]mºp-

Iƒ C∂pw Dc-kp-sIm≠v Kan-°p-∂p. ap≈p-Iƒ C∂pw

apsf-°p-∂p. ]pcp-j-∑m¿ D]-Po-h-\-Øn-\mbn C∂pw

A≤zm-\nt® a-Xn-bm-hq. ]khw C∂pw thZ-\m-]q¿Æ-

am-Wv. C∂pw Bfp-Iƒ acn-°p-∂p. im]w- -A-Xns‚

Xoh-X, Bbn-c-am≠p hmgvN-bn¬ Ipd-™n-cn-°p-sa-

¶nepw (sb-i. 11:6˛9; 65:25) ]q¿Æ-ambn XpS®p \o°-

s∏-Sp-I-bn-√ (sb-i. 65:20) ac-Ww -t]mepw A∂p-≠m-

bn-cn-°pw. k¿∆-tcm-Khpw ]q¿Æ-ambn \o°w sNø-

s∏-Sp-∂Xv \nXyXbnem-Wv, AXm-bXv kz¿§-Øn¬

sh®v (sh-fn. 21:4). A-∂p-hsc tcmKw F∂Xv a\p-

jys‚ s]mXp-hmb Hcp ]iv\-am-bn-cn-°pw˛hnizmk

tcmK-im-¥n-°m-cpsS Ah-Imi hmZ-ßƒ°p a≤y

Ønepw B ÿnXn XpS-cpw.

6. tcmK-kuJyw kw_-‘n® kwKlw

]m¿∞-\bv°p adp-]-Sn-sb-t∂mWw ssZhw kuJy-

am-°p-∂p-sh∂v an°-hmdpw F√m thZm-≤ym-]-Icpw Hcp-

t]mse \ne-]mSp ]pe¿Øp-∂-h-cm-Wv. F∂m¬

ssZhw kuJy-am-°p-∂Xpw tcmK-im-¥n-h-c-ap-s≠∂p

]d-bp-∂-h¿ \¬Ip∂ kuJyhpw hyXykvXamWv.

tcmK-im¥n ]Y-a-ambpw AS-bm-f-h-c-am-bn-cp-∂p.

A∏kvsXm-en-Im--[n-Imcw Dd-∏n®p ImWn-°p-hm-\mbn

A\p-h-Zn® AS--bm-f-hcw As∏m-kvsXm-e-∑m-tcmSp

IqsS Ah-km-\n-®p-sh∂p Icp-Xm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. A--h¿

A]-Imcw sNbvXp-sh-∂p-≈Xv Ncn-X-]-c-amb Hcp

hkvXp-X-bm-Wv.

tcmKw, IjvSX F∂nh kw_-‘n®v ss__nƒ ]Tn-

∏n-°p∂ kXy-ßsf F√mw icn-bmbn ka-\z-bn-∏n-

°p-∂-Xn¬ Icn-kvam-‰n-°p-Im¿ ]cm-P-b-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.

ssZh-`-‡-cmb Bfp-Iƒ tcmKn-I-fm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p.

Xs‚ Ip™p-ß-fpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ hnj-a-k-‘n-Iƒ

A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂-Xn¬ ssZh-Øn\v DØ-a-amb Dt±-iy-

ß-fp -ap -≠v. CXn-se-√m-ap -]cn C∂sØ tcmK-

im¥n°mcpsS Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-ßfpw A\p-`-h-ßfpw

bYm¿∞ ]pXnb \nba tcmK-im-¥n-h-c-hp-ambn

HØptN¿∂pt]mIp∂n√. ]m¿∞-\bv°p adp-]-Sn-

bmbn ssZhw kuJy-am-°mw, ]t£ AXn\v C∂p

\ΩpsS \Sp-hn¬ tcmK-im-¥n-°msc ssZhw Fgp-t∂-

ev]n-°p-∂n-√. \nXym-hÿ AYhm kz¿§w ]m]yam-

Ip-∂-Xp-hsc tcmK-ß-fpsS kºq¿Æ \n¿Ωm¿÷\w

kw -hn-°-bn-√.

VI. D]-kw-lmcw Icn-kvam-‰n°v ˛ ]ÿm-\-ßƒ

InkvXym\nXzw F∂Xns‚ \n¿∆N\w ]Ir-Xym-Xo-

X-am-b-Xn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂p. ssZh-Øn\v Ct∏mgpw

A¤pXw ]h¿Øn-∏m≥ Ign-bpw. Ahn-Sp∂v A]-

Imcw sNøp-∂p-ap-≠v. F∂n-cp-∂mepw, ssZh-Øns‚

]hrØn km[m-cW \ne-bn¬ A¤pXw DƒsIm-≈p-

∂-Xm-sW∂ ho£-Whpw CXpw H∂-√. icn-bmb

A¤p-X-ßfpw H‰-s∏´ hocy-]-hr-Øn-Ifpw C∂pw

Ahn-S-hn-S-ß-fn¬ \S°p--∂p-s≠-¶n-epw, ssZhw

]h¿Øn-°p∂ km[m-cW hn[-ambn Ah Ccn-°p-

∂n-√. Cu ]T\w \sΩ, kmµ¿`nIamb AXn-i-b-

ßƒ \S-°p-sa-¶nepw ssZhw hocy-]-hr-Øn-I-fpsS

hcw \¬Ip-∂n√ F∂ D]-kw-lm-c-Øn-te°p \bn-

°p-∂p (ho-cy-]-hr-Øn-Iƒ \S-°ptam? D∆v, \S-°p-

∂p≠v hocy-]-hr-Øn-Iƒ sNøm-\p-≈-hcw ssZhw

C∂p \¬Ip-∂pthm? C√).

Icn-kvam-‰n°v ]ÿm-\-sØ-°p-dn®v C]-Im-c-ap≈

\ntj--[m-fl-I-amb hne-bn-cp-Ø¬ \nc-h[n tNmZy-ßƒ

Db¿Øp-∂p. Cu ]-ÿm\w ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn¬ \n∂-

s√-¶n¬, CXns‚ D¤hw F¥v? F¥p-sIm-≠mWv

Icn-kvam-‰nIv InkvXym-\nXzw CX P\-k-ΩXn-

bm¿÷n-°p-∂Xv? F]-Im-c-amWv Icn-kvam-‰nIv ktlm-

Z-c-ß-fp-ambn Icn-kvam-‰n°v A√mØ InkvXym-\n-Iƒ

kl-I-cn-t°-≠Xpw _‘-s∏-tS-≠Xpw?

Icn-kvam-‰nIv ]ÿm\w s]mXpth hnim-ehpw ]e-

tcbpw BI¿jn-°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv. F∂m¬ hen-∏tam

P\-k-ΩXntbm A√ kXysØ D-d-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. thZ-

]p-kvXIw amX-amWv kXy-sØ Dd∏n°p-∂-Xv. Icn-

kvam-‰nIv ssZh-im-kvX-Øn¬ G-dnb ]¶v sshIm-

cnI XesØ BI¿jn-°p∂--Xm-Wv. AXv \√-Xm-

sW∂v At\--I¿°pw tXm∂p-∂p. BÀmZw \evIp-∂-

hsb efn-X-ambn Ah¿ Bkz-Zn-°-bm-Wv. a‰p-≈-h-

cm-Is´ `uXn-Itam Bfln-btam Bbn DS-\-Sn-bp≈

hnP-b-hm-ZvKm-\-Øn¬ BIr-jvS-cm-Wv. thZ-]p-kvXIw

]Tn-∏n-°p∂ Ita-W-bp≈ hnip-≤o-I-cW ]In-


318

bbn¬ Ah¿ Xr]vX-c-√. CXp IqSm-sX, DØ-c-£-

W-Øn-ep≈ BflnI ]Iz-Xbpw BflnI i‡nbpw

Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv, a‰p-≈-h¿°p-ta¬ A[n-Im-c-am-

K-ln-°p-∂-h¿°pw \ymb-amb A[n-Im-csØ Ah-K-

Wn-°p-∂-Xn¬ ]gp-X--t\z-jn-°p-∂-h¿°pw \√-Xmbn

tXm∂pw. PohnX kΩ¿±-ß-fp-ambn Cgp-In-t®¿∂p

t]mIm≥ _p≤n-ap- p-≈-h¿°pw Ac-£n-X-t_m-[-ap-≈-

h¿°pw Icnkvam‰nIv k-º-Zmbw BI¿j-I-hp-am-Wv.

]bm-k-ßƒ kln-°p-∂-Xn\v ssZh-Ir-]-bn-em-i-bn-

°p-∂-Xn\p ]Icw Ah-cpsS CjvS-a-\p-k-cn®v PohnXw

kpK-a-am-°m≥ A¤p-X-ßƒ sNøp∂ Hcp ssZhsØ

Ah¿ krjvSn-°-bm-Wv. A¤p-X-I-c-amb Bizmkw

hmKvZm\w sNøp∂ Hcp hyh-ÿnXn Gsd BI¿j-

Wo-b-am-Wt√m?

Icn-kvam-‰nIv ]ÿm-\-Øn¬ Bfp-I-fpsS ]¶m-fn-

ØsØ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p∂ a-s‰mcp hkvXp-X, hnizm-

k-Øns‚ Bg-an-√m-bvatbm As√-¶n¬ hnizm-ksØ

sX‰mb KXn-bn-tebv°v \n-b-¥n-°p-∂p-sht∂m ]d-

bm-hp∂ ÿnXn-bm-Wv. Hcm-fpsS ssZhØnep≈

hnizmkw As√-¶n¬ kwXr-]vXn, XpS¿am\amb

A\p`hßfn¬IqsStbm Aam\pjnItam ]Ir

XymXoXtam Bb A¤pXIcßfmb ASbmfßfn

¬IqStbm A√ \ne\n¿Øs∏Sp∂Xv. InkvXob

hnizmkw InkvXp-hns‚ hy‡n-Xz-Øn-te°pw thZ-

]p-kvX-I-Øn-te°pw \nb-¥n-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xm-Wv (tbm-

l. 4:48; eqs°m. 16:31; tdma. 10:17; 2 sImcn. 5:7)

hnizmkw i‡-ambn XpS-tc-≠-Xn-\v, AS-bm-f-ß-enepw

A¤p-X-ß-fnepw Bi-bn-°-cp-Xv. At\I Icn-kvam-

‰n-°p-Im¿°pw sX‰mb Hcp e£y-amWv hnizm-k-Øn-

t‚-Xm-bn-´p-≈-Xv. Ah¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂Xv Ah-cpsS

A\p-`hw sIm≠mWv Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-I-fp-sStbm

InkvXp-hn-s‚tbm hnizm-kyX sIm≠√.

Nne Icn-kvam-‰nIv hn`m-K-ß-fpsS P\-k-Ωn-Xnbv°v

\nZm-\-amb as‰mcp LSIw an°-hmdpw kmØm-\m-Wv.

Nne Xoh Icn-kvam-‰n-°p-Imcpw ss]im-NnI ]h¿Ø-

\-ßfpw XΩn¬ D‰ _‘-am-Wp-≈-Xv. thZ-]p-kvX-

Im-[n-Im-c-Øn\v i‡n-£bw hcpØn ""Bflmhn'' s\

ihn-°p∂-Xn-\mbn i≤- tI-µo-I-cn-°p∂ ]h¿Ø\

coXn hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p `oXn tXm∂n-∏n-°p-hm≥ aXn-

bmbXmWv.

Icn-kvam-‰nIv ""IpS-°o-gn¬'' sshhn-[yhpw hnim-e-hp-

amb hnizm-k-ßfpw ]h¿-Ø-\-co-Xn-I-fp-am-Wp-≈-Xv.

F√m \ne-bn-ep-ap≈ Icn-kvam-‰n-°p-Im-tcmSv kl-I-

cn-°p-∂Xpw Iq´mbva ]pe¿Øp-∂Xpw icn-b-s√∂p

]d-bp-∂Xv InkvXob kvt\l-Øn\pw ktlm-Z-cy-

Øn\pw tN¿∂-X-√. Icn-kvam-‰n-°p-Imcpw A√m-

Øhcpw XΩn-ep≈ hyXym-k-ßƒ hfsc hep-Xm-Wv,

kl-I-cn-®p≈ ipiq-j-I-fn¬ ÿnc-ambn ]¶p-sIm-

≠p-t]m-Ip-∂Xv _p≤n-ap-´m-Wv. (D-Zm-l-c-a-ambn Icn-

kvam-‰n-°-√mØ Hcp k`-bpsS kphn-tijo-I-cW

bXv\-Øn¬ Icn-kvam‰nIv anj-W-dn-amsc IqsS

tN¿°pI As√-¶n¬ Hcp k -bnse tPmen-°m-cpsS

\nc-bn-¬ Ah-scbpw Ah-cpsS coXnIfpw Iq´n-°p-g-

bv°pI CXym-Zn-Im-cy-ßƒ) F∂n-cp-∂mepw Icn-kvam-

‰nIv hniz-kn-Isf ]q¿Æ-ambn hmXn-e-S®v shfn-bn-

em°n H‰-s∏-Sp -Øm-t\m, Ahn -izm -kn -I -fmbn

IcpXphmt\m ]mSn-√. hy‡n-]-c-amb kplrØv

_‘hpw InkvXp-hn-ep≈ ktlm-Z-cy-Øns‚ ZrVX

Xncn-®-dn™v ]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xpw kXy-k-‘-ambn

hniz-kn-°p∂ Gh-tcmSpw ImWnt°≠XmWv.

VII. icn-bmb BflnI h-c-ßƒ

Icn-kvam-‰n-°p-Im-cpsS AXn-cp-hn´ Imcy-ßsf hna¿i-

\m-fl-I-ambn hne-bn-cp-Ønb ÿnXn-bv°v, IqSp-X¬

Inbm-fl-I-amb ho£-W-tIm-W-Øn¬ \n∂p-sIm≠v

Bfl-h-c-ß-sf-°p-dn®p ]Tn-°p-∂Xv ][m-\-am-Wv.

Bfl-h-c-ß-tfm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv

C∂v Fß-s\-bmWv ]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv?

A. ]cn-ip-≤m-fl-h-c-ßƒ ]m]n-®-h¿

Hmtcm hnizm-knbv°pw Ht∂m AXn-e-[n-Itam Bfl-

hcw D≠v F∂p ss__nƒ hfsc hy‡-am-°p-∂p≠v.

""F∂m¬ Hmtcm-cp-Ø\p Bflm-hns‚ ]Im-

i\w s]mXp-]-tbm-P-\-Øn-\mbn \evI-s∏-Sp-

∂p(1 sImcn. 12:7).

""F-∂m¬ \Ωn¬ Hmtcm-cp-Ø\p InkvXp-hns‚

Zm\-Øns‚ Af-hn\p HØ-hÆw Ir] e`n-®n-

cn-°p-∂p'' (Fs^. 4:7).

""Hmtcm-cp-Ø\p hcpw e`n-®-Xp-t]mse hnhn-[-

am-bp≈ ssZh-Ir-]-bpsS \√ Krl-hn-Nm-c-I-∑m-

cmbn AXn-s\-sIm≠p At\ym\yw ipiq-jn-

∏n≥! (1 ]sXm. 4:10).

B. ]cn-ip-≤mfl hcw ]m]n-°p∂ kabw

Hmtcm hnizm-knbv°pw Hmtcm hcw Ds≠-¶n¬, F√m

hnizm-kn-Ifpw c£n-°-s∏-Sp∂ ka-bØv GsX-¶nepw

Xc-Øn-ep≈ Ir]mhcw t\Sn-bn-cn-°Ww. F√m hnizm-

kn-Iƒ°pw Ir]m-h-c-ßƒ Ds≠-¶n¬, c£n-°-s∏- n v

GXm\pw sk°‚p-Iƒ amXw Ign™ Hcmƒ°pw

Hcp hcw e`n®p Ign-™p. \¬I-s∏-Sp∂ ka-bØv

Hcp hnØp-t]m-se-bp≈ hcw ItaW Db¿∂ km≤y-

X-bn-te°p hnI-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-°p∂ BibsØ CXv

\ncm-I-cn -°p-∂n -√. c£n-°-s∏-Sp -∂ -k-a -bØv


319

GsX¶nepw cq]-Øn-ep≈ hcw \¬I-s∏-Spsa-∂Xv

Xo¿®-bm-sW-¶nepw AtXm-Sp-IqsS a‰p-h-c-ßƒ

]n∂oSv \¬In-sb∂p hcmw. Xnsam-sY-bm-kn\p

]utemkv Ir]m-h-c-ßƒ ]I¿∂-Xm-bn- mWv a\- n-

em-°m-hp-∂-Xv (tdm-a. 1:11; 1 Xnsam. 4:14; 2 Xnsam. 1:6).

C. Bflobh-c-ßfpw kzm`m-hnI Ign-hp-Ifpw XΩn-

ep≈ _‘w

Ahn-izm -kn -Iƒ°v ]cn -ip -≤m-flmthm ]cn -ip -

≤mflmhn¬ \n∂p-≈-h-c-ßtfm C√ F∂Xv hy‡w.

Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v ]Tn-∏n-°m-t\m, Imcy-\n¿∆-l-W-

Øn-t\m, kwKo-X-Ønt\m kzm`m-hnI Ign-hp-Iƒ D≠m-

Ipw, F∂m¬ XnI®pw kzm`m-hnI Ign-hp-Ifpw B-

flnI hc-ßfpw XΩn¬ hy‡-ambn th¿Xn-cn®v

]Tnt°≠XmWv. c£n-°-s∏-SmØ hy‡n-I-fpsS kzm

`mhnI IgnhpIƒ ]cn-ip-≤mfl hc-ß-f-√. CXbpw

Imcyßƒ Dd∏mWv. F∂n-cp-∂mepw Nne-t∏mƒ

XnI®pw kzm`m-hn-I-amb Hcp Ign-hn-s\, B hy‡n

InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn®v am\-km-¥-c-s∏- -tijw ]cn-

ip-≤m-flmhv ssZh-]-h¿Øn-bn-te°p am‰n cq]m-¥-c-

s∏-Sp--Øn-sb∂p hcmw. a‰p cw-K-ß-fn¬, ]cn-ip-≤m-

flmhv an°-hmdpw G‰hpw ]pXnb Xmev]-cy-ßfpw Ign-

hp-Ifpw Dƒt]-c-W-ßfpw ]I¿∂p \evIp∂p.

D. Bflob-h-c-ß-fpsS Dt±-iy-ßƒ

ssZhw hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v kzbmkzmZ\-Øn-t\m, a’-

c-Ønt\m ImgvNbv°v BI¿j-I-am°n ]Z¿in-∏n-°p-

∂-Xnt\m Ir]m-h-c-ßƒ \¬Ip-∂n-√. kzbw D-b¿Øp-

∂-Xnt\m ]Xn-Imcw sNøp-∂-Xnt\m a’-cn-°p-∂-

Xnt\m A√, ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv Ah \¬Ip-∂Xv a‰p

hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v A\p-K-l-Øn\pw BflnI h¿≤-

\bv°pw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xn\mWv.

Hmtcm-cp-Ø≥ kz¥ KpW-a-√, a‰p-≈-hs‚

KpWw At\z-jn-°s´ (1 sImcn. 10:24).

F∂m¬ Hmtcm-cp-Ø≥ Bflm-hns‚ ]Im-

i\w s]mXp ]-tbm-P-\-Øn-\mbn \evI-s∏-

Sp-∂p (1 sImcn. 12:7).

hc-ßƒ kvt\-l-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-hm≥ Dt±-in-°-

s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p (1 sImcn. 13). BflnI h¿≤-\-hm-bn-cn-

°Ww Ah D]-tbm--Kn-°p-∂-Xns‚ e£yw (1 sImcn.

14:4; 12, 17; 1 ]sXm. 4:10). Hcp Ir]m-hcw D]-tbm-Kn-

°p-∂-Xns‚ e£yw ssZh-\m-a-a-l-Xzhpw a‰p hnizm-

kn-I-fpsS \∑-bp-am-bn-cn-°-Ww. Dt±iyw, ^ew Ch

XΩn-ep-≈- hyXymkw Hm¿Øn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. kzbw

h¿≤-\hp hcp-ØpI F∂Xv Bfl-h-c-Øns‚ e£y-

am-bn-cn-°p-∂n-√. F-∂m¬, AXv Hcp ^e-am-Imw.

InkvXob Pohn-X-Øns‚ a¿Ω-ß-fn-sem-∂v, kzbw

\jvS-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿°v kzb-tah \∑-bp-≠m-Ip∂p F∂-

Xm-Wv. Hcmƒ kzb-w- h¿≤\hv e£y-am°n Hcp Bfl-

hcw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-tºmƒ Abmƒ Xs∂-Øm≥ tZmjw

hcp-Øp-I-bm-Wv. AtX hcw Hcmƒ ssZh-a-l-Xzhpw

a‰p-≈-h-cpsS \∑bpw em°m°n D]-tbm-Kn-°p-tºmƒ

X¬ -e-ambn At±-l-Øn\p Xs∂ \∑ e`n-°p-∂p.

E. Hcm-fpsS Ir]m-hcw Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂Xv

Xncp-sh-gp-Øn¬ Hcm-fpsS Bfl-hcw Is≠-Øp-∂-Xn-

t\m-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ \n¿t±-i-ßƒ \¬-Ip∂

GIÿm\w tdma¿ 12- mw A≤ym-b-am-Wv.

""ktlm-Z-c-∑m-tc, Rm≥ ssZh-Øns‚ a\- -

enhp Hm¿∏n®p \nßsf ]t_m-[n-∏n-°p-∂Xv,

\nßƒ _p≤n-bp≈ Bcm[-\-bmbn \nß-fpsS

ico-c-ßsf Poh\pw hnip-≤nbpw ssZhØn\p

]km-Z-apff bm-K-ambn ka¿∏n-∏n≥. Cu temI-

Øn\p A\p-cq-]-am-ImsX \∑bpw ]km-Zhpw

]q¿Æ-X-bp≈ ssZh-lnXw C∂-sX∂p Xncn-

®-dn-tb-≠-Xn\p a\ p ]pXp°n cq]m-¥-c-s∏-

Sp-hn≥.`mhn--t°-≠-Xn\p aosX `mhn-®p-b-cmsX

ssZhw Ah-\-h\p hnizm-k-Øns‚ Afhp

]¶n- -Xp-t]mse kpt_m-[-amIpwhÆw `mhn-

t°-W-sa∂p Rm≥ F\n°p e`n® Ir]-bm¬

\nß-fn¬ Hmtcm-cp-Ø-t\mSpw ]d-bp-∂p. Hcp

ico-c -Øn¬ \ap°v ]e Ah-b-h-ßfpw

D≠t√m. F√m Ah-b-h-ßƒ°pw ]hrØn

H∂-√Xm\pw, AXp-t]mse ]-e-cmb \mw Inkv-

Xp-hn¬ Hcp ico-chpw F√-hmcpw XΩn¬ Ah-

b-h-ßfpw BIp-∂p. BI-bm¬ \ap°p e`n®

Ir]°p HØ-hÆw sht∆sd hcw D≈-Xp-

sIm≠v ]h-N\w F¶n¬ hnizm-k-Øn\p HØ-

hÆw, ipiqj F¶n¬ ipiq-j-bn¬, D]-tZ-

in°p∂-h≥ F¶n¬ D]-tZ-i-Øn¬, ]t_m-[n-

∏n-°p-∂-h≥ F¶n¬ ]-t_m-[-\-Øn¬ Zm\w

sNøp-∂-h≥ GIm-K-X-tbm-sS, `cn-°p-∂-h≥

D’m-l-tØmsS, IcpW sNøp-∂-h≥ ]k-∂-

X-tbmsS BI-s´(tdm-a. 12:1˛8).

Cu thZ- m-KØv ]utemkv BZyw N¿® sNøp-∂Xv

s]mXphmb InkvXob Pohn-X-amWv (1- 2 hmIy-ßƒ)

F∂n´v ssZh-lnXw Adn-bp-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®p kq-Nn-

∏n-°p-∂p. HSp-hn¬ 3˛8 hmIy-ß-fn¬ Bfl-h-c-ß-sf-

°p-dn®p ]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p. Hcm-fpsS Ir]m-hcw Is≠-

Øm-\p≈ ]Sn-]-Sn-bmb ]h¿Ø-\-Iaw AYhm

]Inb Xm--sg-∏-d-bp∂ \ne-bn-emWv:˛


320

1. ka¿∏-W-ap-≈-bmfpw a\- ns\ ]pXp°n cq]m-¥-c-

s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn¬ hnt[-b-s∏-Sp∂ hy‡n-bp-am-bn-cn-

°Ww.

Bfl-h-c-ßsf kw_-‘n®v B\p-Im-en-I-ambn

Du∂¬ \¬-Ip-∂-tXm-sSm∏w ap≥K-W-\-Isf Iqń-°p-

g-bv°p-Ibpw Bflh-c-ßsf Xe-Xn-cn™ at\m- m-h-

tØmsS kao]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvhm≥ Ffp-∏-am-Wv.

Xs‚ Ir]m--h-csØ°pdn®v Adn-hn-√mØ hnizm-

kntbm hnizm-kn-\ntbm I¿Øm-hns‚ the-bn¬ kPo-

h-am-Im-Xm-cn-°-W-sa-∂Xv icn-b-√. Abm-fpsS Ir]m-

hcw C∂-Xm-sW∂v hy‡-ambn as‰m-cmƒ Nq-≠n-°m-

Wn-°p-∂-Xp-hsc, Abmƒ ssZh-tkh sNø-cp-Xv,

F∂-X√ Imcyw. Bfl-h-c-ß-fpsS D]-tZiw ][m-\-

am-bn-cn-°-th, tkh-\-Øns‚ AYhm Zmky-Xz-Øns‚

D]-tZiw AXnepw A[nIw ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-am-Wv. Xs‚

Ir-]m-hcw Fs¥-∂-dn-bm≥ ]mSn-√mØ hnizm-kntbm

hnizm-kn-\ntbm Xs∂-Øm≥ ""Poh-\p≈ bmK-ambn''

k-a¿∏nt°-≠Xpw ssZh-h-N-\-Ønse ]cnip≤mflm

hns‚ D]-tZ-i-Øm¬ cq]m-¥cw kw`hn°phm≥

kzbw A\p-h-Zn-t°-≠-Xp-am-Wv. (a-\ v ]pXp°n cq]m-

¥-c-s∏-SpI F∂ `mKw t\m°p-I) F√m hnizm-kn-

Iƒ°pw- s]m-Xp-hmbn \¬In-bn-´p≈ Iev]-\-Iƒ

Abmƒ A\p-k-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. amX-a√ cq]m-¥-c-s∏-

Sp-Øp∂ ssZh-h-N-\-Øn\v Iogvs∏tS-≠-Xp-am-Wv.

BZy-Ir-]m-hcw Fs¥∂v I≠p]n-Sn-°pI F∂n´v

ipiqj (tk-h-\w) Bcw- n-°pI F∂-X√ icn-bmb

Iaw adn-®v, ssZh-Øns‚ \∑bpw ]km-Z-hp-ap≈

]q¿Æ ssZh-lnXw'' (2- mw hmIyw) Fs¥∂v Xncn-®-

dn-bm≥ BZyw tkh\w sNøpI F∂-XmWv bYm¿∞

Iaw. Bfl-h-c-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ ]tXyI ⁄m\hpw

Cu Xncn-®-dn-hn¬s∏-Spw. (3-˛mw hmIyw) ]tXyI

Xmev]-cy-ß-sf--°p-dn-®p≈ Adnhv Zmky-Xz-Øns‚

Pohn-X-]-›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ \n∂m-Wp-b-cp-∂-Xv. I¿Ør-

th-e-bn¬ ]tXy-I-amb \ntbm-Kw, B the-bn¬

s]mXpth G¿s∏´p t]mcp-∂-Xn¬ \n∂mWv e`n-°p-

∂-Xv. In-kvXob Pohn-X-Øn¬ H∂mw Imcy-Øn\v

H∂mw ÿm\w \¬tI-≠-Xm-Wv. Xß-fpsS Ir]m-h-

csØ (h-c-ß-sf) °pdn®v Adn-hn-√m-Ø-h¿°p \¬Im-

hp∂ G‰hpw \√ _p≤yp-]-tZ-iw, F√m hnizm-kn-

Iƒ°pw s]mXp-hmbn \¬In-bn-cn-°p∂ ssZh-lnXw

kw_-‘n®v Adn-hp≈ ta-J-e-I-fn¬ hf¿® ]m]n-

®p-sIm≠v ssZhsØ tkhn-°p-∂-Xn¬ _≤-i-≤-cm-

bn--cn-°-W-sa-∂-Xm-Wv. AXm-bXv H∂m-aXv A\p-k-cn-

°p-I. tdma. 12:1˛2 BflnI hc-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈

Adnhv AtX-Øp-S¿∂v D-≠m-bn-s°m-≈pw.

2. hnhn-[- h-c-ßsf kw_-‘n® hnizm-k-Øns‚

Afhv \n¿Æ-bn-°p-hm-\p≈ ImgvN-∏m-tSm-Sp-IqsS

kpt_m-[-tØmSpw hy‡-amb e£y-tØm-Sp-IqsS

Nn¥n-°pI.

Hcm-fpsS Ir]m-hcw F¥m-sW∂v \n¿Æ-bn-°p-∂-Xn¬

BZy Nph-Sp-hbv]v AYhm BZy-]Sn F∂p- ]-d-bp-∂

Xv, Poh-\p≈ bmK-ambn ka¿∏n°pIbpw Xncp-sh-gp-

Øp-I-fn¬IqSn ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhn\m¬ a\ p ]pXp°n

cq]m-¥-cs∏Sphm≥ G¬∏n®psImSp°pIbpw sNøpI

F∂-Xm-Wv. AtX-Øp-S¿∂v ]utemkv ]d-bp-∂Xv

\mw ASp-Ø-Xmbn \sΩ-°p-dn®p Xs∂ kpt_m-[-

tØm-Spw, Al-¥-bn-√m-sXbpw Nn¥n-°p-∂-h-cm-bn-cn-

°-W-sa-∂pamWv. AXm-bXv kpt_m-[-am-Ip-hÆw

`mhn-°p-I. hy‡-ambn ]d-™m¬ hkvXp-Xm-]-c-ambn

hne-bn-cp-Øp-I, Af-°pI Fs∂m-s°-bm-W¿∞w.

kzbw Fßs\ mhn-°-W-sa-∂Xv B⁄-bm-bn- mWv

tdma. 12:3˛¬ \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. bmsXmcp kzb

Db¿®bpw IqSm-sX-bp≈ Xmgva [cn-°-W-sa∂p

hy‡w. ae-bmf hmIy-L-S-\-b-\p-k-cn®v 3˛mw hmIy-

Øns‚ BZy- mKw ssZhw \¬Inb hnizm-k-Øns‚

Af-h-\p-k-cn-®m-bn-cn-°Ww kzbw Af-t°-≠Xv (hn-

e-bn-cp-Øp-I, `mhn-°p-I) F∂v _‘n-∏n®p ]-d-™n-

cn-°p-∂p. 4-- 8 hsc-bp≈ hmIy-ßƒ 3˛mw hmIy-tØmSv

t\cn´v _‘-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. CXns‚ Hcp D]-`mKw

F∂ \ne-bv°mWv B hmIy-ßƒ \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-

Xv. 3˛mw hm-Iy-Ønse ""hnizm-k-Øns‚ Afhv'' Bfl-

-h-c-ß-tfmSv _‘n-∏n®mWv ]d-bp-∂-sX∂v CXp

Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂p. Xs∂-Øm≥ ka¿∏-W-tØmsS

cq]m-¥c ]In-bbv°p hnt[-b-s∏-Sp∂ GsXmcp

hnizm-knbpw X\n°p e`n-®n-cn-°p∂ hnhn[ Ir]m-h-

c-ßƒ kw_-‘n®v Bfl-hn-izm-k-Øn-s‚ Afhp

\n¿Æ-bn-°p∂ e£y-Øn¬ kzbw hne-bn-cp-tØ-≠-

Xm-Wv. ]mtbm-Kn-I-amb Hcp \n¿t±iw F∂ \ne-bn¬,

Cu hne-bn-cp-Ø¬ Bcw- n-t°-≠-Xv, Xnc-sh-gp-Øn¬

\¬In-bn-cn-°p∂ Bfl-h-c-ß-fpsS ]ńI ]cn-K-Wn-

®p-sIm-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. (D-d-∏n-®p-]-d-™m¬, Cu hc-

ßƒ IrXy-ambn \n¿∆-ln-®n-cn-°-bmWv; AS-bm-f-h-c-

ßƒ Cu ]-cn-K-W-\-bn¬ \ns∂m-gn-hm-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p)

Ir]m-h-c-ß-fpsS Hmtcm ]ń-Ibpw ss__n-fn¬

\¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv i≤n-®m¬ Aß-s\-bp≈ Hmtcm

`mKØpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp \¬Ip∂ hc-ß-fpsS

hnkvXrX-amb Hcp ]ńI tN¿°p-∂-Xn-\√ Dt±-in-®n-

cn-°p-∂-sX∂v a\ n-em-°mw. AXp-sIm≠v Hcm-fpsS

Ir]m-h-c-ß-sf°p-dn®v icn-bmb \ne-bn¬ AXns‚

Afhp ]cn-tim-[n-°p-I-sb-∂-Xv, ss__nƒ \¬Ip∂

]ń-I-b-\p-k-cn®v thW-sa∂p amX-a-√, InkvXob

ipiq-j-bpsS F√m LS-I-ß-fn-te°pw hym]n-°p∂

\ne-bn-em-bn-cn-°-Ww. tdma. 12:1 apX-ep≈ _p≤yp-


321

]tZiw Hcmƒ AtX-]Sn A\p-k-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

ItaW Abmƒ kºq¿Æ ssZh-lnXw Xncn-®-dn-bpI

Xs∂ sNøpw. B-fl-h-c-ß-tfm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬

]m]n-®n-cn-°p∂ Bfl-ss[-cy-Øns‚ (]m-K¬`y-

Øns‚) Afhp Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ km[n-°pw. tdma¿ 12-

˛¬ ]utemkv ]d-bp∂ _p≤yp-]-tZiw ]n≥]‰pIbpw

At∏mƒ Xs∂ Hcmƒ°v Xs‚ Ir]m-h-csØ (h-c-

ßƒ)-°p-dn®v Adn-hn-√m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-s∂-¶n¬

GI D]m[n kln-jvW-X-tbm-sSbpw hniz-kvX-X-tbm-

sSbpw im¥-ambn a\ v ]pXp°n cq]m-¥-c-s∏-Sp∂

]In-bbv°p hnt[-b-s∏- v, Poh-\p≈ bmK-ambn kzbw

A¿∏n®psIm≠v InkvXob PohnXw XpS-cpI F∂p-

≈-Xm-Wv. H-∂m-a-Xv, F√m hnizm-kn-Iƒ°pw \¬In-

bn-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn \ap°v Adn-hp≈ ssZh-ln-X-Øns‚

taJ-e-I-fn¬ tkh sNøpI At∏mƒ hc-ßsf kw_-

‘n® ssZh-Øns‚ ]tXyI lnXw XpS¿∂p≈ \mfp-

I-fn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ sa®-ta-dnb ka-b-Øv, \sΩ-°p-

dn-®p≈ kzbw hne-bn-cp-Ø-ens‚ shfn-®-Øn¬

\ap°p Kln-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. 52

F. Ir]m-h-c-ß-sf-°p-dn®p≈ hnhn[ ]Tn-∏n-°-ep-Iƒ

1. hc-ßƒ hnI-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-°Ww

c£n-°-s∏´ F√m-h¿°pw hc-ßƒ D≈-Xp-sIm-≠v,

Bdp hb- p≈ Hcp ssZh-ss]-X-en\pw Ir]m-hcw

D≠v. F∂m¬ Hcp Ip´n-bn-ep≈ Ir]m-hcw ]cn-t]m-

jn-∏n-°p-Ibpw hnI-kn-∏n-°p-Ibpw thW-sa-∂p-≈Xv

hy‡-am-W-t√m. Cu kXyw tIhew Bfp-Isf \nco-

£n-°p-∂-Xn¬ Bt[-b-am-bn-cn-°p-∂n√; F∂m¬ 2 Xn-

sam. 1:6˛¬ Xncp-h-N\w ]n¥pW°p-∂p.

""AXp-sIm≠v Fs‚ ssIsh-∏n-\m¬ \n-

∂nep≈ ssZh-Øns‚ Ir]m-hcw Pzen-∏n-

t°Ww F∂p \ns∂ Hm¿Ω-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p''

(2 Xnsam.1:6).

2. Ir]m-h-c-ßsf Ah-K-Wn-°m-\n-S-bm-tb-°mw

1 Xnsam. 4:14- ¬ Ir]m-h-c-ßsf Ae-£y-ambn hnNm-

cn-°m-\n-S-bm-tb°mw F∂p kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.

""aq∏-∑m-cpsS ssIsh-t∏m-Sp-IqSn ]h-N-\-Øm¬

\n\°p e`n-®-Xmbn \n∂n-ep≈ Ir]mh-h-\cw

Dt]-£-bmbn hnNm-cn-°m-sX...... (1 Xn-sam. 4:14).

ssZhsØ tkhn-°p-hm-\p≈ Iev]\ a\x-]q¿∆w

Ah-K-Wn-°p-∂-Xn-eqsS Hcp Ir]m-hcw Dt]-£-bmbn

Icp-Xn-sb∂p hcmw. InkvXob ipiq-j-bv°p≈

]q¿Æ-km-h-Imiw a\- n-em°n ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn¬

aXn-bmb Z¿i-\-an-√m-bva-bn-eq-sSbpw Hcp Ir]m-h-csØ

Ai-≤-bmbn Ah-K-Wn-®p-sh∂p hcmw. Rmb-dm-gvN-

I-fnepw Bcm-[-\m-e-b-ß-fpsS \mep sI´n-\p-≈nepw

amX-amWv InkvXob ipiq-j-sb∂ anYym-[m-cW

hnizm-kn-Iƒ \o°n-°-f-tb-≠-Xm-Wv. Hcp ]tXyI

ÿe-Øv, ]tXyI ka-bØv amXw I¿Øm-hn-\p-

th≠n sNøp∂ ipiq-j-IfpsS t]cn¬ \mw Ir]m-

h-c-ßsf Dt]-£-bmbn hnNm-cn-°-cp-Xv. 1 sImcn. 12:4˛6-

hsc ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv, ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv hyXy-kvX-ß-

fmb Ir]m-h-c-ßƒ ]I-cp-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv. Htc -Ir-]m-

hcw hnhn[ ipiq-j-Iƒ°v D]-tbm-Kn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

DZm-l-c-W-ambn ]Tn-∏n-°m-\p≈ hcw, Ip™p-ß-

sfbpw bph-P-\-X-sbbpw htbm[n-I-scbpw skan-\m-

cn-bnepw a‰pw ]Tn-∏n-°m-\p-]-tbm-Kn-°mw. Htc Xe-Øn-

ep≈ ipiq-j-Iƒ°v hyXykvX ew D≠mImw. DZm-

l-c-W-ambn Hcp k` ]c-º-cm-KX k -bm-Imw. AXv

tPmen-°m¿°v BI¿j-I-ambn Xo¿s∂-∂p-h-cmw.

as‰mcp k -bm-I-s´, IqSp-X¬ B\p-Im-en-I-ambn Nn¥n-

°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v hyXykvX hn`m-K-ß-fn¬ s]´-h¿

BIr-jvS-cmbn F∂p hcmw. Htc Ir]m-hcw hnhn[

\ne-bn¬ D-]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ Ignbpw. Ir]m-h-c-ßsf

Ah-K-Wn®v Dt]-£-bmbn hnNm-cn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-Xnsc

hnizm-kn-Iƒ PmK-X-bm-bn-cn-°Ww InkvXob ipiq-

j-sb-°p-dn®v tIhew lrkzZrjvSn amXw ]pe¿Øn-

bpw, ]m]w, Ae-k-X, F∂n-h-bn-eq-sSbpw Ir]m-h-c-

ßƒ \jvS-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ ]mSn-√.

3. Ir]m-hcw Zpcp-]-tbmKw sNø-s∏-t -°mw.

1 sImcn. 1:7 Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂-Xv, XnsI®pw A\m-

fln-I-\mb Hcp hy‡n-°v, henb Ir]m-h-c-ßƒ D≠m-

tb-°m-sa-∂mWv (A-Xm-bXv, PUn-I-∑m-cmb sImcn¥p

hnizm -kn -Iƒ A]-Im -c -ap -≈-h-cm -bn -cp -∂p).


52 Nne-t∏mƒ Hcmƒ°v h¿≤n-X-amb Afhn¬ ]mK¬`ywtXm∂mw. Hcp ]tXyI Ir]m-hcw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-hm≥ssZhw Xs∂-°p-dn®v BK-ln-°p--∂p-sh∂ Bg-amb Ah-t_m[w B hnizm-kn-sbtbm hnizm-kn-\n-sbtbm cn-°pw.a‰p Ir]m-h-c-ß-tfm-sSm∏w GsX-¶nepw ipiq-j-bn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°-cpXv F∂ i‡-amb Dƒt]-c-Wbpw D≠m-Imw. (]m-S-cp-Xv, ]Tn-∏n-°-cpXv F∂n-ß-s\) a‰p ]e Imcy-ß-fnepwbmsXmcp Bfl ss[cyhpw (]m-K¬`y-hpw) tXm∂n-bn√F∂p hcmw. ]tXy-Im¬ GsX-¶nepw Imcy-Øn¬ G¿-s∏-Sm-\p≈ t]c-W-bn-√mØt∏mƒ Xs∂ hne-°p-IfpwtXm∂m-Xn-cn-°mw. CXv B hy‡n-bpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ipiq-j-bpsS ]mY-anI aWvU-e-ßƒ BI-W-sa-∂n-√.F∂m¬ \√ Zmk-\mbn hn\-b-tØmsS Xm¬°m-en-I-ambnAh-bn¬ G¿s∏-Sp-∂-hn-[-Øn¬, k -bn¬ Aß-s\-bp≈klmbw Bh-iy-ap≈ AwK-ß-fn¬, Ah sNbvXpsIm≠n-cn-°p-I. as‰m-cmƒ B Ir]m-h-c-ßfpambn k -bn¬Fgp-t∂-ev°p∂ ka-bØv \nßƒ°p ]n≥hm-ßmw. ""Ir]m-h-c-ap≠v'' F∂-Xns‚ ip-iqjm ss\]pWyw hnI-kn-∏n®v]mtbm-Kn-I-am-°p-∂-Xn¬ ITn--\m-≤zm-\hpw in£-Whpwths≠∂p hbv°m-\m-hn-s√∂p hy‡w.

322

kzm¿∞]c-ambpw ]m]-Xm-ev]-cy-tØm-sSbpw ssZh-

\m-a-a-lXzw ap≥ \ndp-Øm-sXbpw InkvXp-hn¬ ico-

camw k -bn¬ a‰p-≈-h-cpsS BflnI h¿≤-\hv e-

£y-am-°m-sXbpw ]h¿Øn-°p-tºmƒ hnizm-kn-Iƒ

AhcpsS Ir]m-hcw Zpcp-]-tbmKw sNøp-I-bm-Wv.

4. Ir]m-h-c-ßƒ ssZhw Xncn-s®-Sp-°p-∂n-√.

tdma. 11:29 ]d-bp-∂Xv ""ssZhw Xs‚ hnfn-sbbpw sXc-

s™-Sp-∏n-s\bpw Ipdn®v A\p-X-]n-°p-∂n√'' F∂m-

Wv. CXns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-a-\p-k-cn®v ChnsS ]tXyIw

]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv, bnkm-tb-en-t\m-Sp≈ ssZh-Øns‚

hmKvZ-Ø-ßƒ ]n≥h-en-°p-∂n-√-sb-∂m-Wv. s]mXp-

hmb Hcp auenI XXz-sa∂ \ne-bn¬, ssZhw Ir]m-

hcw \¬Ip-∂Xv Hcp Pohn-X-Imew apgp-h≥ D]-tbm-

Kn-°p-hm-s\∂ Bi-bsØ CXp ]n¥m-ßp-∂p. 1

Xnsam. 3; XosØm. 1 F∂o A≤ym-b-ß-fn¬ ]d-™n-

cn-°p∂ am\-ZWvUw ]men-°mØ Hcmƒ k`m t\-

Xr-Xz-Øn¬ \n∂pw kzbw Atbm-Ky-\m-Ip-∂p-sh∂

kXysØ CXv \ncm-I-cn-°p-∂n-√. ssZhw kz¥w -C-

jvS-a-\p-k-cn®v Hcp Ir]m-hcw ]n≥h-en-°p∂ Imcyhpw

Hcp hy‡n Xs∂-Øm≥ ]m]w sNbvXv Atbm-Ky-\m-

Ip-∂Xpw XΩn¬ hyXym-k-ap-≠v.

G. Ir]m-h-c-ßƒ°v \n¿∆-N-\w.

Ir]m-h-c-ßƒ°v lrkz-amb \n¿∆-N\w I≠p-]n-Sn-

°pI F∂Xv thZI-em-im-e-I-fpsS hnj-b-am-bn-cn-°p-

∂n-√. hnizm-kn-Iƒ Ah-c-h-cpsS Ir]m-h-c-ßƒ Xncn-

®-dn-b-W-sa-¶n¬, Xncp-sh-gp-Øn¬ ]ńI \¬Ip∂

Ir]m-h-c-ß-fpsS \n¿∆-N-\hpw Ah¿ a\- n-em-°n-

bn-cn-°-Ww. CXn-ep-]-cn, Ir]m-h-c-ßƒ \n¿∆Nn°-s∏-

tS-≠-Xm-bn-cn-°p-hm≥ ImcWw AS-bm-f-h-c-ßƒ Ah-

bn¬ \n∂pw am‰p-hm-\m-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬ AS-bm-f-h-c-

ßƒ C∂-tØ-°p-≈-h-b-√t√m; C∂v Ir]m-h-c-

ßƒ°p \¬Ip∂ Du∂¬ icn-bmb \ne-bn¬

Ahsb \n¿∆-Nn-°p-hm-\p≈ i≤-tbmSp IqSn-b-X√

F∂Xv tJZ-I-c-a-sX.

]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-fl-h-c-ß-fpsS \mep

]ń-I-Iƒ \¬In-bn- p-≠v: tdma. 12:6˛8; Fs^. 4:11; 1

]sXm. 4:10- 11; 1 sImcn. 12:8˛10; 28- 30.

1. tdma. 12:6˛8

""BI-bm¬ \ap°p e`n® Ir]bv°p HØ-hÆw

sht∆sd hcw D≈XpsIm≠v ]hN\w F¶n¬

hnizmkØn∂p HØhÆw, ip-iqj F¶n¬ ipiq-

j-bn¬, D]-tZ-in-°p-∂-h≥ F¶n¬ D]-tZ-i-Øn¬,

]t_m-[n-∏n-°p-∂-h≥ F¶n¬ ]t_m-[-\-Øn¬,

Zm\w sNøp-∂-h≥ GIm-K-X-tbmsS, `cn-°p-hm≥

D’m-l-tØmsS, IcpW sNøp-∂-h≥ ]k-∂-X-

tbmsS BI-s´.

a. ]h-N\w

""ssZhnI ktµ-i-ßsf ap≥Iqń Adn-bn-°p∂''Xns\-

bmWv ]h-N\hcw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv F∂v ]ecpw ]Tn-

∏n-°p-∂p. ]h-N-\sØ ]Tn-∏n-°-en-t\m-Spw -]-kw-K-

tØmSpw Xp-ey-am-°p-I-bmWv CXv sNøp-∂-Xv. ]hm-

N-I-∑m¿ ssZhnI ktµiw kwkm-cn-®p-sh-∂Xp icn-

bm-sW-¶nepw apI-fn¬ ]d-bp∂ \ne-bn-ep≈ Hcp

\n¿∆-N\w ]h-N-\-Øn¬ AS-ßn-bn-°p∂ F√m

Imcy-ßfpw Dƒs°m-f-fp-∂-Xn¬ ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-∂p-

sh∂ sX‰v Df-hm-°p-∂p.

]gb\nb-a-Ønse Hcp ]hm-N-I≥ Znhyshfn-∏m-Sn-

\m¬ Hcp ktµiw ]m]n-®v, `mhn-sb-∏‰n ap≥Iq- n-∏-

d-bp-hm≥ Ign-™n-cp-∂p. C°mcyw At\I ]g-b-\n-

b-a-th-Z-`m-K-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw sXfn--bp-∂p-≠v. ]tXy-

In®pw Bh¿Ø-\-]p--kvX-I-Øn¬ CXv ImWmw. Bh.

18:18-˛¬ Hcp ]hm-N-I-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ \n¿∆-N\w

ssZhw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv ""Fs‚ hN-\-ßsf

Ahs‚ \mhn-t∑-em°pw'' F∂m-Wv. Bh. 18:22 Nq≠n-

°m-Wn-°p-∂Xv, ]h-N-\-Øn¬ ap≥Iqń Imcy-ßƒ

]d-bp-∂p-sh∂ LSIw AS-ßn--bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv.

""\ns∂-t∏mse Hcp ]hm-N-Is\ Rm≥

Ah¿°p AhcpsS ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cpsS CS-bn¬

\n∂p Fgp-t∂-ev]n®p Fs‚ hN-\-ßsf

Ahs‚ \mhn-t∑¬ B°pw; Rm≥ Ah-t\mSp

Iev]n-°p-∂-sXm-s°bpw Ah≥ Ah-tcmSv ]d-

bpw (Bh. 18:18).

""Hcp ]hm-N-I≥ btlm-h-bpsS \ma-Øn¬

kwkm-cn-°p-Ibpw kw -hn-°p-Ibw HØp-h-cn-

Ibpw sNøm-™m¬ AXp b-tlmh Acp-fn-

s®-bvX-X√; ]hm-N-I≥ AXp kzbw IrXy-

ambn kwkm-cn-®-X-tX, Ahs\ t]Sn-°-cp-Xv

(Bh. 18:22).

eq-s°mkv Hgn-sI-bp≈ F√m ]pXnb\nba Fgp-Øp-

Imcw b-lq-Z-∑m-cm-bn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw

Ah-cpsS Nn¥m-KXn ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øns‚ h¿≤n-X-amb

kzm[o-\-ap-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v Hcp ]hm-N-

I-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ ]g-b-\n-ba Bib-Øn\p t`Z-K-Xn-

h-cp-Øpw-apºv i‡-amb sXfnhv thW-sa∂v \mw

\n¿_‘w ]nSn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. hmkvX-h-Øn¬, ]pXn-

b-\n-ba Fgp-Øp-Im¿°v ]g-b-\n-ba Fgp-Øp-Im-cp-tS-

Xn¬ \n∂pw hyXy-kvX-amb \n¿∆-N-\-amWv ]h-N-\-

sØ-°p-dn-®p-≈-sX∂p Nn¥n-°m≥ bmsXmcp sXfn-

hp-an-√. aØm. 14:65-˛-¬ k∂Zo kwLmwK-ßƒ


323

InkvXp-hns\ IÆp-sIń apJØv ASn-®n v; ]h-Nn°

\ns∂ X√n-b-Xm¿? F∂p sh-√p-hn-fn-®p. hy‡-ambpw

Ah¿ Bh-iy-s∏- Xv ]Ir-Xym-XoX shfn∏m-Sn-\m¬,

ASn® hy‡n Bsc∂v Ah-tcm-S-dn-bn-°m-\m-Wv.

eqs°m. 1:67- ¬ skJ-cymhv Xs‚ aI-\mb tbml-

∂m≥ kv\m]-I-s\-°p-dn®v Hcp ]h-N\w \¬-Ip-

∂p≠v. B ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ \n∂pw a\- n-em-Ip-∂Xv

`mhn kw_-‘-ambn skJ-cymhv Hcp Znhy shgn-∏m-Sn-

\m¬ Imcy-ßƒ ap≥-Iq- n-∏-d-bp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂-tX.

BZn-a-k` ]h-N-\sØ Fßs\ ho£n-®p-sh∂v

As∏m-kvX-e-]-hr-Øn-I-fpsS ]pkvX--Ihpw shfn-s∏-

Sp-Øp-∂p-≠v. ain-lm-bpsS ]p\-cp-∞m-\-sØ-°p-dn-®v

ap≥Iqń∏d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ ZmhoZpw Hcp ]hm-

N-I-\m-sW∂p Icp-X-s∏-Sp∂p (A.-]. 2:30- 31). AK-

s_mkv F∂ ]pXnb\nba ]hm-N-I≥, Hcp £ma-

sØ-°p-dn®v ap≥Iqń ]hNn-®p (A.-]. 11:27, 28). bcp-

i-te-an¬h®v ]utemkv IjvSw kln-t°≠n

hcp -sa∂pw AK-s_mkv ]h-Nn -°-bp -≠m-bn

(A. -]. 21:10˛11).

]h-N-\-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ ]g-b-\n-ba kqN-\-I-fn¬

\n∂pw Hcp Imcyw hy-‡-am-Wv. AXm-b-Xv, Hcp ipiq-

j-I≥ Hcp ktµiw \¬-Ip-∂-Xnepw A[n-Iw-Im-cy-

ßƒ AS-ßp-∂-XmWv ]h-N-\w. ]hm-N-I-∑m¿ ssZh-

Øn¬ \n∂pw Znhy-sh-fn-∏m-Sp-Iƒ t\cn´p ]m]n-®n-

cp∂p. amX-a-√, ]e-t∏mgpw `mhnsb ap≥Iq- n-∏-d-bp-

I-bpw -sN-bvXp. Fs^. 3:5˛¬ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂-Xv,

]hm-N-I-∑m¿ shfn-∏mSp ]m]n-®n-cp-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv.

BZn-a-k- -bn¬ ]h-N-\-hcw D]-tbm-Kn°p∂-Xn-\p≈

am¿§-\n¿t±iw 1 sImcn. 14:29- 30˛¬ \¬In-bn-cn-°p∂p.

AhnsS ]d-bp-∂-Xv, ASpØ ]hm-N-I≥ Hcp shfn -

∏mSv ]m]n-°p-tºmƒ, BZy-sØ-bmƒ, Ccn-°p-hm\pw

au\w ]men-°p-hm-\p -ap≈ ka-b-a-amWv AXv

F∂tX.

]-hm-N-I-∑m¿ c≠p-aq-∂p-t]¿ kwkm-cn-°bpw

a‰p-≈-h¿ hnth-Nn-°bpw sNø-s´. Ccn-°p-∂-

h-\mb as‰m-cp-h\p shfn-∏m-Sp-≠mbmtem

H∂m--a -Ø-h≥ an≠m-Xn -cn -°-s´

(1 sImcn. 14:29˛30).

""B a¿Ωw Ct∏mƒ Ahs‚ hnip≤ As∏m-

kvX-e-∑m¿°pw, ]hm-N-I-∑m¿°pw Bflm-hn-

\m¬ shfn-s∏- -Xp-t]mse ]q¿∆-Im-e-ß-fn¬

a\p -jy¿°p Adn -bm -b vam -bn -cp -∂n -√''

(Fs^. 3:5).

]hmN-I≥ ssZh-Øn-\p-th≠n Hcp h‡m-hm-bn-cp∂p

F∂Xv kXyw. F∂m¬ Hcp ]hm-N-I\pw thZn-bn¬

Ibdn \n∂p ]kw-Kn-°p∂ Hcp ipiq-j-I\pw XΩn¬

hyXym-k-ap-≠v. Hcp ]hm-N-I≥ Xs‚ ktµiw t\cn v

Znhy-sh-fn-∏m-Smbn ]m]n-°p-∂p. Xncp-sh-gp-Øn¬

\n∂√ At±lw AXp ]m]n-°p-∂-Xv. bYm¿∞-Øn¬

]hm-N-I-∑m-cmWv Xncn-sh-gp-Øp-Iƒ cNn-®-Xv. Fgp-

X-s∏´ shfn-∏mSp ]q¿Æ-am-b-t∏mƒ ]ns∂ ]h-N-\-

h-c-Øns‚ Bhiyw C√m-sX-bm-bn. ssZh-h-N\w \mw

hmbn-°p-tºmƒ ]h-N\w ]Tn-°p-I-bmWv. B \ne-

bn¬, 1 sIm-cn. 14 Iev]n-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se, Ct∏mgpw

]h-N-\-Øn-\mbn Fcn-hp-≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°p-hm≥ \ap°p

Ign-bp-∂-Xm-Wv. F∂n-cp-∂mepw Fs^. 2:20 ]h-N-\-

h-c-sØ, As∏m-kvsXm-e-∑m-cp-ambpw k`-bpsS

ÿm]\ ka-b-hp-ambpw _‘n-∏n-°p-∂p. C∂v ssZhw

]h-N-\-hcw ]I-cp-∂n-√.

""BI-bm¬ \nßƒ C\n A\y-∑mcpw ]c-tZ-

in-I-fp-a√; hnip-≤-∑m-cpsS kl-]u-c-∑mcpw

ssZh-Øns‚ `h-\-°m-cp-a-tX. InkvXp-tbip

Xs∂ aqe-°-√m-bn-cns° \nßsf As∏m-kvX-

e-∑mcpw ]hm-N-I-∑mcpw F∂ ASn-ÿm-\-

Øn-t∑¬ ]Wn-Xn-cn-°p-∂p'' (F-s^. 2:19- 20).

b. ipiqj (tk-h-\w)

ChnsS D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ aqe--]-Z-Øn¬\n-∂mWv ipiq-

j-I≥ F∂ hm°v D¬ -hn-®-Xv. CXv hnim-e-amb Hcp

]tbmK ssienbpw tkh-\-Øns‚ Ah-\[n hi-

ßƒ kq-Nn-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv. Hcp saUn-°¬ anj-\-

dn, k -bnse JPm≥Pn, Ip™p-ßsf ]cn-]m-en-°p∂

tPmen-°m-c≥, F∂n-h-sc√mw tkh-\-hcw (ip-iq-jm-

h-cw) D≈-h-cmbn Icp-tX-≠-Xm-Wv. F√m hnizm-kn-

Ifpw ipiqj sNtø-≠-h-cm-Wv. s]mXp ipiq-j-I≥

F∂v Xcw-Xncn°mhp∂ the-Iƒ°v Du∂¬ \¬In,

Ah-bn¬ ]tXyI ]mhoWyw t\S-W-sa∂v ssZhw

Nne-sc-°p-dn®v Dt±-in-°p-∂p.

c. ]Tn-∏n-°¬ (D-]-tZin-°p-I)

D]-tZ-in-°pI AYhm ]Tn-∏n-°pIsb∂Xv ]h--Nn-°p-

∂-Xn¬ \n∂p hyXy-kvX-am-Wv. D]-tZ-jvSm-°-∑m¿ A-

Yhm ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-h¿ t\cn v Znhy-sh-fn-∏m-Sp-Iƒ ]m]n-

°p-∂n-√. Xncp-sh-gp-Øn¬ shfns∏SpØ-s∏-ń-´p≈

kXy-ßƒ Ah≥ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂-tX-bp-≈q. ]Tn-∏n-

°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ hcw e-I-c-ambn ]tbm-Kn-°m≥ Ign-

bp∂ A\-h[n taJeI-fp-≠v (Ip- n-Iƒ, ktlm-Z-cn-

am¿, bph-P-\-ßƒ, ]kw-K-]o-T-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ ip-

iqj apX-em-b-h). ]Tn-∏n -°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ hcw

]mÃ¿am¿°v (C-S-b-∑m¿) amX-ap-≈-Xmbn Npcp-t°-

≠-Xn-√. Hcp CS-b\v / aq∏\v ]Tn-∏n°p-∂Xp amX-a-

√msX a‰-\--- h[n DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-ßƒ \nhrØn-∏m-\p-

≠m-Ip-sa-¶nepw ]Tn-∏n-°m≥ At±lw ka¿∞-\m-


324

bncn°-Ww. (1 Xnsam. 3:2; XosØm. 1:9) F√m aq∏-

∑mcpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-hm≥ ]m]vX-cm-bn-cn-t°Ww F∂m¬

Nne¿ AXn¬ khn-tij ]mhoWyw t\Sp-∂p (1

Xnsam. 5:17). C∂v As∏m-kvX-e-∑mcpw ]hm-N-I-∑mcpw

F∂ hc-ßƒ \¬Im-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v F√m hc-ß-

fnepw h®v kp]-[m-\-ambn D]-tZ-in-∏m-\p≈ (]-Tn-∏n-

°m-\p-≈) hcw Ah-ti-jn-°p∂p AYhm \ne-sIm-

f-fp-∂p(1 sImcn. 12:18).

d. ]t_m-[\w (t]m-’m-l-\w- -]p-Xn-b-]-cn- m-j)

F√m hnizm-kn-Ifpw At\ym\yw Hcp t]m’m-l-\-

am-bn-cn-°-Ww. PohnX kΩ¿±-ß-fn¬ ]c-kv]cw

ssIØm-ß-em-bn-cn-°bpw thWw (F-_m. 10:25) Nne-

cm-Is´ ]tXyIw a‰p-≈-hsc klm-bn-°m\pw Icp-

Xp-hm\pw Ignhpw Xme-¥p-ap-≈-h-cm-Wv. Ah¿ a‰p-

≈-h¿°p ]tNm-Z-\hpw D’m-lhpw ]I-cp-∂-Xn¬

sshZKv≤yw kn≤n-®-hcpw Aßs\ sNøp-∂-Xn¬

k¥p-jvS-cp-a-tX. ]t_m-[\w Hcp Hu]-Nm-cnI kw`m-

j-W-Øn¬ kw`-hn-°mw. F∂m¬ A\u]-Nm-cnI

kw`m-j-W-ß-fn¬t]mepw efn-X-amb ]t_m-[\w

(t]m-’m-l-\w) \S-°-Ww. kwKo-X-⁄¿ Ah-cpsS

kwKoX ipiq-j-bm¬ ]t_m[n∏n°phm≥ Ign-hp-

≈-h-cm-sW∂p Icp-Xp-∂Xv \ymb-am-Wv.

e. sImSp-°p-I˛Zm\w sNøp-I

F√m hnizm-kn-Ifpw \¬Ip-∂-h-cm-bn-cn-°-Ww. sImSp-

°p-hm-\p≈ hc-sa∂p ]d-™m¬ Nne¿ XymK-]q¿∆w

sImSp-°p-∂-Xn\pw a‰p hnizm-kn-I-fpsS Bh-iy-

ßƒ°p th≠n \¬Ip∂Xn¬ ]tXyIw ka¿∏n-

Xcpw Bbn-cn -°p-sa-∂m-W¿∞w. XymK-]-c-amb

kvt\lhpw Icp-Xepw ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-hm≥ Hcmƒ [\-

]-c-ambn kº-∂-\mbncn°-W-sa-∂n-√. k¿t∆m-]-cn,

sImSp-°p-∂-bmƒ Xs‚ Nn-¥-bnepw a‰p hnizm-kn-I-

tfm-Sp≈ -Xm-ev]-cy-Ønepw kzm¿∞-X-bn-√m-Ø-bm-fm-

bn-cn-°pw. Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂ `mKØv (-tdm-a. 12:13)

]utemkv AXnYn k¬°m-c--sØ-°p-dn®p kqNn-∏n-

°p∂p. sImSp-°p-hm-\p≈ hc-ap-≈-h¿ tIhew Np‰p-

]mSpw ]Ww hen-s®-dnbp-I-bn-√. a‰p hnizm-kn-I-tfm-

Sp≈ kvt\lhpw AXnYn k¬°m-chpw ImWn-°p-

hm≥ Ah¿ Xß-fpsS hn -h-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p.

(1 sImcn. 12:28- se klmbw sNøm-\p≈ hcw i≤n-

®m-epw).

f. \SØpI(\bn°pI)

\S-Øp-I- -\-bn-°pI AYhm t\Xr-Xz-Øn-\p≈ hcw.

Cu hc-sØ-°p-dn®v ]cn-]m-e-\--h-c-tØmSp tbmPn-∏n®v

\mw XpS¿∂p ]Tn°pw (1 sImcn. 12:28-).

g. IcpW

F√m hnizm-kn-Ifpw IcpW ImWn-°Ww. Chn-sS-

]n-s∂bpw Hm¿-∏n-°m-\p-≈Xv Nne¿°v ]mh-s∏´hsc

bpw imco-cnI hnj-a-X-b-\p- -hn-°p-∂-h-scbpw _e-

lo-\-scbpw Xmßp-∂-Xn\v ]tXyI Xmev]-cy-ap-≠m-

bn-cn°pw F∂-Xm-Wv. Zb-\o-b-km-l-N-cy-Øn¬ Ign-

bp∂hsc klm-bn-°p-hm≥ Xß-fpsS Du¿÷-Øn¬

henb ]¶v Ah¿ am‰n-sh-°p-hm-\m-K-ln-°p-∂p.

2. F-s^. 4:11- 12

""A-h≥ Nnesc As∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cmbpw Nnesc ]hm-

N-I-∑m-cmbpw Nnesc kphn-ti-j-I-∑m-cmbpw Nnesc

CS-b-∑m-cmbpw D]-tZ-jvSm-°-∑m-cmbpw \nb-an-®n-cn-°p-

∂p. AXv \mw F√m-hcpw hnizm--k-Ønepw ssZh-]p-

X-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ ]cn-⁄m-\-Øn-ep-ap≈ sFIy-Xbpw

XnI™ ]pcp-j-Xzhpw InkvXp-hns‚ kºq¿Æ-X-

bmb ]mb-Øns‚ A-fhpw ]m]n-°p-thm-fw- -hn-ip-≤-

∑m-cpsS bYm-ÿm-\-Xz-Øn-\m-bp≈ ipiq-j-bpsS

thse°pw InkvXp-hns‚ ico-c-Øns‚ BflnI h¿-

≤-\bv°pw BIp-∂p.''

a. As∏m-kvX-eXzw

As∏m-kvXeXzØns‚ hcw F∂ hnjbw AS-bm-f-

h-c-ßƒ \n∂p-t]mbn F∂ `mKØv hnNn-¥\w

sNbvXp Ign-™-Xm-Wv. InkvXp Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-‰-

tijw sNbvX ipiq-j-Iƒ°p km£n-I-fmWv

As∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿ (A.-]. 1:21- 22; 1 sImcn. 9:1) ""As∏m-

kvX-e-∑m≥'' F∂ hm°ns‚ A¿∞w Hcp ]tXyI

\ntbm-K-tØm-Sp-IqSn InkvXp Ahsc Ab-®p-sh-

∂mWv. G‰hpw HSp-hn¬ As∏m-kvX-e-\mb hy‡n

]usem-km-Wv (1 sImcn. 15:8˛9). As∏m-kvsXm-eXzw

k`-bpsS ÿm]-\-L-´-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bm-bn-cp-∂p

(F-s^. 2:20). Xm≥ As∏m-kvXm-e-\m-sW∂v Bsc-

¶nepw hniz-kn-®m¬, tdma. 12:3 B⁄m-]n-°p-∂-X-

\p-k-cn®v aXn-bmb hn\-b-tØmsS Abmƒ kzbw

Af∂p -t\m-°n-bn- n-s√-∂¿∞w.

b. ]hm-N-I≥

]h-N-\-sØ-°p-dn®v tdma¿ 12- se Bfl--h-c-ßƒ F∂

]´n-Ibv°p Iogn¬ \mw ]-Tn-®-Xm-Wt√m?

c. kphn-ti-j-I≥

"Chm≥P¬'(euangel) F∂ Ko°p hm°v "\√Xv'

F∂v A¿∞w hcp∂ ""eu' tN¿∂-Xm-Wv. (euthana-sia) ""\√'' ac-Ww). CXn¬ \n∂mWv ktµiw

F∂¿∞-ap≈ "ZqX≥' F∂ hm°p-≠m-b-Xv. kphn-

ti-j-I≥ ""\√ ktµiw'' \¬Ip-∂-bm-fm-Wv, AXm-

bXv kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ kZzm¿Ø Adn-bn-°p-∂-h≥.


325

F√m InkvXob hnizm-kn-Ifpw kp-hn-ti-jo-I-c-W-

Øn¬ hym]r-X-cm-tI-≠-Xm-Wv. X-ß-fpsS ][m-\-Ir-

]m-hcw a‰p taJeI fn-em-bn-cn-°p-∂-h¿ t]mepw

(2 Xnsam. 4:5). F∂m¬ kphn-tijw hnfw-_cw

sNøp∂ the-bn¬ Nne¿ ]tXyI Xm-ev]-cy-tØmsS

ap≥]-¥n-bn-se-Øm-dp-≠v. Hcp kp-hn-ti-j-I≥,

BflnI DW¿∆p tbmK-ßƒ \S-Øm≥ \nc-¥cw

bmX sNøp∂ Hcm-fm-bn-cn-°-W-sa-∂n-√. t]jn-X-th-

e-°m-sc√mw kphn-ti-j-I-∑m-cm-Wv. CXn-t\-°m-fp-]cn

]c-ky-]-`m-jWw sNømsX Bfmw-]Xn the

sNøp∂ H-cmƒ At∏mgpw Hcp kp-hn-ti-j-I-\m-bn-cn-

°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw.

d. CS-b≥ / D]tZjv-Smhv

aqe- m-j-bn¬ \n∂pw ]usem-kv, CS-b-∑m¿, D]-tZ-

jvSm-°-∑m¿- F∂o c≠p hc-ß-fmtWm CS-tbm-]-tZ-

jvSmhv F∂ Hcp hc-amtWm ChnsS Dt±-in-°p-∂-

sX∂p ]d-bm≥ _p≤n-ap- p-≠v. ]ecpw \n¿Æ-bn-°p-

∂Xv Ko°p hymI-c-W-Øns‚ \nin-X-\n-b-a-\p-k-cn®v

CXv Hcp hc-am-sW-∂m-Wv. F¶nepw Ko°p-hym-I-c--

Øns‚ Cu ]amWw _-lp-h-N-\-ßƒ°v _m[-I-a√53.

AXp-sIm≠v ]usemkv Dt±-in-°p-∂Xv Hcp hc-

amtWm c≠mtWm F∂-dn-bm≥ ]bm-k-ap-≠v.

Cu ]tXyI hmIyw F¥msW-¶n-epw, Xncp-sh-gp-

Øns‚ samØ-Øn-ep≈ ]Tn-∏n-°-e-\p-k-cn-®v, Hcmƒ

Hcp CS-b-\--√m-Xn-cn-s°, \√ D]-tZ-jvSm-hm-bn-cn-°m≥

Ignbp-sa-∂mWv Nn¥n-°m-hp-∂-Xv. F∂n-cp-∂mepw Hcp

CS-b-\m-bn-cn-°Wsa¶n¬ D]tZ-in-°p-hm≥ (]-Tn-∏n-°p-

hm≥) ka¿∞-\m-bn-cn-°-Ww. (1 Xnsam. 3:2; XosØm.

1:9) c≠p-Xcw CS-tbm-]-tZ-jvSm-°-∑m-cp-s≠∂v Nn¥n-

°mw. `cn-°p∂hcpw ]Tn-∏n-°m-\p≈ Aev]w Ign-hp-

≈-h¿, A-Xp-t]mse Xs∂ k`m cWw \S-Øp-Ibpw

]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn¬ ]tXyIw ]mhoWyw D≈-h-cp-am-

b-h¿. (1 Xnsam. 5:17 ) ]e-t∏mgpw C°q- -sc, ""`cWw

\S-Øp∂ aq∏-∑m¿'' F∂pw ""]Tn-∏n-°p∂ aq∏-∑m¿''

F∂p-amWv Xcw-Xn-cn-°m-dp-≈-Xv. 54

3. 1 ]sXm. 4:10- 11.

""Hmtcm-cp-Ø\p hcw e`n-®-Xp-t]mse hnhn-[-am-bp≈

ssZh-Ir-]-bpsS \√Krl-hn-Nm-c-I-∑m-cmbn AXn-s\-

s°m≠v At\ym\yw ipiq-jn-∏n≥. Hcp-Ø≥ ]kw-

Kn -°p -∂p -sh-¶n¬ ssZh-Øns‚ Acp -f -∏mSp

]kvXmhn°p∂p F∂ t]msebpw Hcp-Ø≥ ipiq-

jn-°p∂p F¶n¬ ssZhw \evIp∂ ]m]vXn°v H-Ø-

h-Æhpw BI-s´. F√m-‰nepw ssZhw tbip-InkvXp

aqew al-Xz-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ CS-h-c-s´. alXzhpw

_ehpw F∂-t∂bv°pw Ah-\p-≈-Xv. Bta≥.''

Cu thZ- mKw; ]tXyI hc-ßsf X-cw-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬

Imcy-am-bn-s´m∂pw sNøp-∂n-√. F∂n-cp-∂mepw hc-

ß-fpsS c≠p s]mXp-hmb hn`m-K-ßsf Cu `mKw

shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. `mj-W--h-c-ßfpw ipiq-jm-h-c-ß-

fp-ap-≠v. hnjm-bm-\p-krXw hc-ßsf Xncn-°p-I-bm-sW-

¶n¬, AS-bm-f-h-c-ßƒ, kwkmc hc-ßƒ (`m-j-Ww)

ipiqjm (tk-h-\w) hc-ßƒ F∂n-ßs\ hn`m-Kn-°p-

I-bm-Wp-Ø-aw.

4. 1 sImcn. 12:8˛10, 28- 30

""Hcp-Ø\v Bflm-hn-\m¬ ⁄m\Øns‚ hN-\hpw

as‰m-cp-h\v AtX Bflm-hn-\m¬ ]cn-⁄m-\-Øns‚

hN-\hpw \¬I-s∏-Sp-∂p. thsdm-cp-Ø\pw AtX

Bflm-hn-\m¬ hnizmkw as‰m-cp-h\p AtX Bflm-

hn-\m¬ tcmK-im-¥n-I-fpsS hcw, as‰m-cp-h\p hocy-

]-hr-Øn-Iƒ, as‰m-cp-h\p ]h-N-\w, as‰m-cp-h\v

Bflm-°-fpsS hnth-N-\w, thsdm-cp-h\p ]e-hn-[- m-

j-Iƒ, as‰m-cp-h\p mj-I-fpsS hymJym-\w..... ssZhw

k`-bn¬ H∂m-aXp As∏m-kvsXm-e-∑m¿, c≠m-aXv

]hm-N-I-∑m¿, aq∂m-aXv D]-tZ-jvSm-°-∑m¿ F∂n-

ßs\ Hmtcm-cp-Øsc \nb-an-°bpw ]ns∂ hocy-]-

hr-Øn-Iƒ, tcmK-im-¥n-I-fpsS hcw, klmbw sNøm-

\p-≈-h-cw, ]cn-]m-e-\-h-cw, hnhn[ m-jm-hcw F∂nh

\¬-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. F√m-hcpw As∏m-kvX-e-

∑mtcm? F√m-hcpw ]hm-N-I-∑mtcm? F√m-hcpw D]-

tZ-jvSm-°-∑mtcm? F√m-hcpw hocy-]-hr-Øn-Iƒ sNøp-

∂-htcm? F√m-h¿°pw tcmK-im-¥n-°p≈ hcw

Dt≠m? F√m-hcpw A\y-`m-j-I-fn¬ kwkm-cn-°p-

∂pthm? F√m-hcpw hymJym-\n-°p-∂pthm?''

a. ⁄m\-Øns‚ hN\w

GsXm-cm-i-bhpw hnc-f-ambn amXw D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≈-

t∏mƒ AXv IrXy-ambn \n¿∆-Nn-°p-hm≥ hfsc hnj-

a-am-bn-cn-°pw. ⁄m\-Øns‚ hcw Hcp Bfl-h-c-ambn

H-cn-°-¬ amXta ]d-™n- p≈p. C∂-tØ-°p≈ hc-

amtWm CXv AtXm AS-bm-f-h-c-ßƒs°m∏w \n-∂p-

t]mb hc-amtWm CXv F∂-Xns\ Cu hnj-b-Øn¬

\mw Xnc-s™-Sp-°p∂ \n¿∆-N\w _m[n-°pw.

At\I Icn-kvam-‰n-°p-I-Imcpw ⁄m\-Øns‚ hcw

F∂-Xns\ \n¿∆-Nn-°p-∂-Xv, ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂v t\cn-

´p-≈Xpw ]tXy-I-am-b-Xpw, s]s´∂p≈Xpamb Hcp

shfn-∏m-Sm-W-sX. kZ-ky-cpsSbnS-bn¬ Hcmƒ°v Hcp


53 Granville Sharp, Remarks On the Uses of the Defini-tive Article in the Greek Text of the New Testament, 3rd

ed. (Philadelphia: B. B. Hopkins and Co., 1807), pp. 3-7.54 aq-∏-∑m-sc-°p-dn -®p≈ Bg-amb ]T-\-Øn\v 11 -˛mwA≤ymbw t\m°p-I.

326

]tXyI Akp-J-ap-s≠∂v Kln-°m≥ klm-bn-°p∂

shfn-∏m-Sns\ ""⁄m\''-Øns‚ hN\w F∂v Ah¿

Ah-Im-i-s∏-Smw. CXmWv ⁄m\Øns‚ hN\w

F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xns‚ \n¿-∆-N-\-sa-¶n¬ AXns\ t\cn-

´p≈ Znhy-sh-fn-∏m-Sns‚ Hcp D]-hn- m-Ksa∂v ho£n-

t°-≠-Xm-Wv, amX-a√ As∏mkvsXm-e-∑m-cp-sSbpw

]hm-N-I-∑m-cp-sSbpw \mfp-I-tfmSp _‘-s∏- -Xmbpw

CXn-s\-°p-dn®v Icp-tX-≠-Xm-Wv.

⁄m\-hcw Xn-cp -sh-gp -Øn¬ \n∂pw ⁄m\w

Is≠Øn a‰p-≈-h¿°p \√ Btem-N\ ]d™p

sImSp-°m-\p≈ Ignhv Dƒs°m-≠p-≈-Xm-sW∂v efn-

X-amb \ne-bn¬ t`Z-s∏´ Hcp \n¿∆-N\w cq]-s∏-Sp-

Øm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. 1 sImcn. 2:6˛7 hscbpw 1 sImcn-¥y-

cn¬ Xs∂ CX-c -hn -`m -K -ß-enepw ]utemkv

""⁄m\w'' F∂Xv icn-bmb hnth-N-\-Øns‚ kqN-

\-bmbn D]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p-≠v. ⁄m\-Øn\v At±lw

\¬Ip∂ \n¿∆-N\sØ 1 sImcn 12- ¬ hc-ß-fpsS

Hcp ]ńI ]d-bp-tºmƒ am‰n-°-f-bp-hm≥ aXn-bmb Hcp

Imc-Whpan-√. shfn-∏mSp ]m]n-°p-hm-\p≈ Ignhv

]h-N-\-h-c-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. ⁄m\-Øns‚

hN\w thsd-sb-s¥-¶nepw Bbn-cn-°-Ww. \√ Hcp

In-kvXob _p≤yp-]-tZ-i-I≥ k -bnse htbm-[n-I-

cmb hnip-≤-∑m¿°p--f-f-Xp-t]mse ⁄m\-hcw ]m]n-

®-bm-fm-hmw. c≠m-asØ \n¿∆-N\w kzoI-cn-°-bm-sW-

¶n¬, ⁄m\-hcw \n-∂p-t]mbn F∂p Nn¥n-°p-hm≥

Imc-W-an-√.

b. ]cn-⁄m-\-Øns‚ hN\w

⁄m\-Øns‚ hN-\-sØ-°p-dn®v apI-fn¬ ]d™

]e ]kvXm-h-\-Ifpw ]cn-⁄m-\-Øns‚ hN-\sØ

kw_-‘n-®pw _m[-I-am-Wv. CXv Znhy-sh-fn-∏mSp

kw_-‘n® Nne LS-I-ßsf kq-Nn-∏n-°p-∂p-sh∂p

Nn¥n-®m¬, (D-Zm-l-c-W-ambn t\cn- p≈ ssZh-i-_vZw)

Cu hcw As∏m-kvsXm-e-∑m-cp-sSbpw ]-hm-N-I-∑m-cp-

sSbpw \mfp-I-fn-te°v ]cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xmbn

hcpw. F∂m¬, 1 sImcn. 8:1˛¬ ]d-bp∂ Adnhv

tIhew arKob _p≤nsb kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xmbn

tXm∂pw. ]h-N-\-h-c-am-I-s´, shfn-∏mSp ]m]n-°p-hm-

\p≈ ]m]vXn Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-Xp-am-Wv. Hcp ]t£,

"]cn-⁄m-\-Øns‚ hN\w' F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv, hnj-

a-ta-dnb thZ-k-Xy-ßƒ a\- n-em°n a‰p-≈-hsc Kln-

∏n-°m-\p≈ ]-tXyI Ign-hns\ kqNn-∏n-°-bm-Imw.

thZ-]-WvUn-X-∑m¿°pw, ssZh--im--kvX-⁄-∑m¿°pw,

Cu hcw (A-Xns‚ am¿ΩnI hiØp \n∂p Nn¥n-

°p-tºmƒ) t\cnb tXmXn-ep-s≠∂p Icp-Xn-bm¬, Cu

hchpw As∏m-kvsXm-e-∑m-cp-sSbpw ]hm-N-I-∑m-cp-

sSbpw \mfp-I-fn¬ Znhy-sh-fp-∏mSp t\cn´p ]m]n-

®ncp∂p kµ¿ -tØmSp amXw ]cn-an-X-s∏-SpØn Nn¥n-

°m≥ bmsXmcp aXn-bmb Imc-W-hp-an-√.

c. hnizmkw

F√m hnizm-kn-Iƒ°pw hnizm-k-ap-≠v. ]bm-k-ta-dnb

Np‰p-]m-Sp-I-fn¬, hnizm-k-h-c-ap-≈-h¿°v, ssZh-Øn¬

Bg-ta-dnb Bi-b-ap-≈-h-cm-Wv. A]-I-S-I-c-amb taJ-

e-I-fn¬ A≤zm-\n-°p∂ an-j-\-dn-amsc kw_-‘n®v

ùXnI kpJ-ku-I-cy-ß-fp-t]-£n®v IjvSw kln-°p-

hm≥ Ahsc \n¿_-‘n-°p-∂Xv ]tXy-I-amb Cu

hnizmk hc-am-Wv.

d. tcmK-im-¥n-Iƒ / hocy-]-hr-Øn-Iƒ

hocy-]-hr-Øn-I-fpsS hcw. tcmK-im-¥n-I-fpsS hc-tØ-

°mƒ hnkvXr-X-am-sW-∂p-]-d-bmw. F∂m¬ c≠pw Hcp-

an®p ]Tn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. AS-bm-f-h-c-ßƒ As∏m-

kvsXm-e-∑m-tcm-Sp-IqsS \n∂p-t]mbn F∂-Xns\ Cu

]T-\-Øns‚ BZy- m-Kßƒ ]n¥m-ßp-∂p-≠v. tcmK-

im-¥n-h-chpw hocy-]-hr-Øn-Iƒ sNøm-\p≈ hchpw

AS-bm-f-h-c-ß-fpsS ]ń-I-bn¬ hcp-∂-Xm-sW∂p sXfn-

bn-°p-hm≥ ]bm-k-an-√ (A.-]. 5:12- 15 ImWp-I). C]-

Imcw C∂v tcmK-im-¥n-I-fp-sSbpw hocy-]-hr-Øn-I-

fp-sSbpw hcw C√ F∂p a\- n-em-°mw. C]-Im-c-

ap≈ hc-]m-]vX-cmb a\p-jysc Bi-bn-°msX

Xs∂ ssZhw kmµ¿`n-I-ambn tcmK-kuJyw \¬Ip-

Ibpw hocyw ]hr-Øn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. tcmKku-

Jy-ap≠mIpw, hocy-]-hr-Øn-Iƒ \S-°pw, F∂m¬

tcmK-im-¥n-°mtcm hocyw ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-htcm C√.

Cu hc-ßƒ AS-bm-f-ß-fm-Wv. AS-bm-f-h-c-ßƒ

As∏m-kvsXm-enI Ime-Øns‚ A¥y-tØmsS \n∂p-

t]mbn (II apX¬ V hsc-bp≈ `mK-ßƒ t\m°p-I)

e. Bflm-°-fpsS hnth-N\w

IrXy-ambn \n¿∆-Nn-°p-hm≥ hnj-a-ap≈ as‰mcp hc-

am-Wn-Xv. ]nim-Np-°-fpsS AZriy km∂n[yw Adn-bm-

\pff Hcp ]tXyI Ign-hm-Wn-sX∂p a\- n-em-°p-I-

bm-sW-¶n¬, CsXmcp AS-bm-f-h-c-amtWm ipiq-jm-

h-c-amtWm F∂ Nne tNmZy-ßƒ Db-cmw.

[m¿Ωn-Ihpw D]-tZ-i-]-c-hp-amb ]ni-Ins\ a\- n-em-

°m-\p≈ ]-tXyI ]m]vXn-bmImw Bflm-°-fpsS

hnth-N\ hcw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.1 tbml. 4˛¬ Bflm-

°sf hnth-Nn-°-W-sa∂v F√m ssZh-a-°-sfbpw

]t_m-[n-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. F-∂m¬ AhnsS ]d-bp∂

]›m-Ø-e-a-\p--k-cn®v CXv I≈-]-hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS

hymtPm-]-tZ-isØ kqNn-∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv. Ah¿

bYm¿∞-Øn¬ ""B-flm-°-fpsS'' ]nWn-bm-fp-I-f-sX.

Hcp-]-t£, ""Bflm-°-fpsS hnth-N\w'' F∂p-]-d-


327

bp∂Xv efn-X-ambpw hymP-am-b-Xns\ Xncn-®-dn-bm-\p≈

Ign-hm-bn-cn-°mw (A.-]. 17:11; 1 sX . 5:21 Chbpw

t\m°p-I).

F_m. 5:14 ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv, ""\oXn-bpsS hN-\-Øn¬''-

A- ymkw e`n® hnizm-kn-Iƒ (F-_m.5:13) \√-Xns\

Xob-Xn¬ \n∂p- th¿Xn-cn-®-dn-bp-hm-\p≈ ]m]vXn hnI-

kn-∏n-s®-Sp-°-W-sa-∂m-Wv. ]ni-Ipw, sX‰pw Xncp-Øm≥

Ign-hp≈hsc k`bv°v Bh-iy-am-Wv. Hcp-]-t£, D]-

tZ-i-]-chpw km∑m¿§n-I-hp-amb ]ni-Ins\ s]s´∂v

aW-Ø-dn-bm≥ ]tXyIw Ign-hp-≈-h¿°v Bflm-°-

fpsS hnth-N-\-sa-∂- h-c-ap-≈-h-cm-Imw.

f. `mj-I-fpsS hymJym\w

As∏m--kvsXm-enI ImeØv Hcmƒ Hcn-°epw ]Tn-®n-

ń-√mØ hntZi-i-`m-j-Iƒ kwkm-cn-°m≥ ssZhw

Ignhp \¬In-bn-cp-∂p. Hcn-°epw ]Tn-®n- n-√mØ mj-

Iƒ hymJym-\n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ hchpw ssZhw \¬In-

bn-cp-∂p. icn-bmb `mjm-h-cw, ip≤- m-j-Iƒ Dƒs∏-

Sp-∂-XmWv A√msX A-hy‡ Pev]-\-hp-ambn Hcp

_‘hpw C√m-Ø-Xm-Wv (A.-]. 2:6,8, Cu A≤ym-b-

Øn¬ 2˛mw `mKw F∂nh t\m°p-I). 1 sImcn. 14:22

A\p-k-cn®v `mj-Iƒ AS-bm-f-h-c-ß-fn¬ s]Sp-∂-

XmWv. AS-bm-f-ßƒ As∏m-kvsXm-en-Im-[n-Im-csØ

Dd-∏n-t°-≠-Xn-\m-bn-cp-∂p (2 sImcn. 2:12). As∏m-kvX-

e-∑m¿ C∂n-√ B hcw \n∂p-t]m-bn. AXp-t]mse

Xs∂-bmWv mj-I-fpsS hc-hpw. mjm-h-ctam hymJym-

\-h-ctam As∏m-kvX-enI Ime-tijw C√.

g. k-lmbw (1 sImcn. 12:28)

ChnsS ""klmbw sN-øm-\p≈ hcw'' F∂p ]d-bp-

∂Xpw tdma¿ 12 -˛se ]ń -I -bn¬ ]d-bp∂

""ipiqj''bpw XΩn¬ hyXym-k-ap-≠v. C]-Im-c-ap≈

Hcp hn`-P\w Dt±-in-°-s∏-ń-´p-≈-Xp-am-bn-cn-°mw.

""ipiq-jn-°p-∂-h¿'' a‰p-≈-hsc ]cn-N-cn-°m≥ AXp

sNøp-∂p. "klmbw' sNøp-∂-h¿, a‰p-≈-hcpsS Ir]m-

h-c-ßƒ IqSp-X¬ e-I-c-ambn hym]mcw sNøp-hm≥

Ahsc kzX-¥-am-°p-I-bm-Wv. Hcp k`m skI- -dn-

k`m t\XrXzw hln-°p-∂-h-cpsS Bh-iy-ßƒ \nd-

th-‰m≥ Imcy-am-bn-s´m∂pw sNøp-∂n-√. t\sc adn®v

t\XrXzw hln-°p-∂-h-cpsS Ir]m-h-c-ßƒ IqSp-X-¬

ê-I-c-ambn kzbw sNøm≥ Ahsc Ah¿ klm-

bn-°p-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv. Hmtcm `mcybpw InkvXp-

hn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ ¿Øm-hns‚ ipiq-jsb klm-bn-

t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

h. ]cn-]m-e\w ( -c-Ww)

1 sImcn.12:8˛¬ ]cn--]m-e-\-Øn\v D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂

Ko°p ]Z-Øn¬ \n∂p hyXy-kvX-amb hm°mWv

tdma. 12:8˛¬ "t\XrXzw \S-Øp∂p' F∂-Xn\v D]-

tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Chn-sSbpw hy‡-amb hyXymkw

kqNn-∏n-°-bm-Imw. Hcmƒ cWw \S-Øm-sX-Xs∂ \√

]cn-]m-e\w (Im-cy-\n¿∆-l-Ww) sNøp-∂-bm-fm-Imw.

Hcp kwL-S-\-tbmSp tN¿∂p ]hr-Øn-°p-∂Xpw Xocp-

am-\-sa-Sp-°p-∂vXn¬ A[n-Im-c-ap-≈-bm-fm-bn-cn-°p-

∂Xpw XΩn¬ hyXym-k-ap-≠t√m? `cWw \S-Øp-

hm≥ (]m-e\w sNbvhm≥) hc-ap-≈-h¿ k -bpsS \bw,

Imcy-]-cn-]mSn F∂nh kw_-‘n®v A¥na hm°p

]d-bm≥ A[n-Imcw D≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°pw. F∂m¬

bYm¿∞ ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ icn-bmbn \S-∂p-Im-Wm≥,

Ah ]m--]vXn-bp≈ Imcy-\n¿∆-l-Isc `c-ta-ev]n-°p-

∂p. aq∏-∑m¿ \S-Øpw. AYhm \bn-°pw. F∂m¬

Ah¿ IrXy-\n¿∆-l-W-Øn¬ Imcy-]m-]vX-cmbhsc

]≤Xn \n-b-¥n®p \S-Øm-\mbn Is≠-ØpI Xs∂

sNøpw.

VIII. ]cn-ip-≤m-fl-imkvXØns‚ D]-kw-lmcw

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ kw_-‘n®v hf-sc-tbsd ktµ-

l-ßƒ Ds≠-∂p-f-fXv \n¿`m-Ky-I-c-am-Wv. kzb--tI-µo-

Ir-Xhpw PUn-I-hp-amb A\p-jvTm-\-ßƒ ]eXpw ]cn-

ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ t]cn¬ sNøp-∂p-sh-∂Xv hntcm-[m-

`m-k-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. F∂n-cp-∂mepw ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv

hne-tb-dnb Hcp Iq´m-fn-bmbn hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v hf¿®

\¬In A\p-Klw ]I-cp-hm≥ BK-ln-°p-∂p.

Bflm-hns‚ kz¥w hN-\-amb ss__n-fn\p

Iogvs∏Sm-\p≈ Bg-amb hni-∏p-s≠-¶n¬ CXp kw -

hn-°m-\n-S-bm-Ipw.


328


329

A≤ymbw 11

F¢o ntbmfPnk`sb∏‰nbp≈ D]tZiw

cq]-tcJ

I. BapJhpw \n¿h-N-\hpw

II. km¿∆-XnIk -bp-sS- hm-‹b-Nn-X-ßƒ

A. CS-b\pw BSp-Ifpw

B. inc pw ico-chpw

C. aW-hm- nbpw aW-hm-f\pw

D. InkvXp- aq-e-°-√mb ssZhm-ebw; `h\°m¿;

As√¶n¬ sI´nSw

E. InkvXp tijvT alm-]p-tcm-ln-X-\m-bn- p≈

Hcp ]utcmlnXyw

F. kXy-Øns‚ Xq¨

III.km¿∆-XnI k -bpsS D¤hw

IV.k` ssZh-Øns‚ AXp-ey-am-b-ssI-∏Wn F∂ -

\n-e-bn¬

A. bpK-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ ]T\Øns‚ ]m[m\yw

B. bpK]c-]T\Øns‚ sXfnhv

1. \ymb-]-amWw x Ir]

AYhm blp-Z-aXw x k`

2. hcp-hm-\p≈ cmPyw

3. \ymb]amWw; Ir] ChtbmSp tN¿Øp

]dbmhp∂ a‰p bpKßfpw \ymbhpw

4. k` Hcp a¿Ωsa∂ \nebn¬

a. ]q¿∆ImeØv ad™ncp∂sX¶nepw

]pXnb\nbaØn¬ shfns∏SpØnb

a¿Ωßƒ

b. ]pXn-b-\n-baw shfn-hm-°nb a¿Ωßsf

kw_‘n® D]-kw-lmcw

5. "NpaXem\n¿∆l-W-ßfnse' hyXymk-

ßƒ°p sXfnhv

6. "bpKw' F∂Xv Hcp thZ]pkvXI]tbmKam

tWm?

7. bpK-kw-_-‘-amb hnhn[ hni-Zmw-i-ßƒ

8. D]-kw-lmcw

V. ]mtZ-in-I-k`

A. k -bpsS Dt±iyw

1. k`sb kw_‘n® ]Tn∏n°¬/D]-tZiw

2. k`bpsS A\pjvTm\ßfpw AhbpsS

BN-cWhpw

3. ]m¿∞\

4. kphn-ti-jo-I-cWw

5. Bcm-[\

6. HuZmcyw

B. ]mtZ-inI k -bpsS `c-W-\n¿h-lWw

1. F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬

2. ]kv_n-t‰-dn-b≥

3. tIm¨Kn-tK-j-W¬

4. k`m `cWw kw_-‘n® kXyßfpsS

kwKlw

C. k -bpsS HutZymKnIÿm\ob¿

1. aq∏-≥, CS-b≥, A≤y-£≥ F∂o

]tbmKßfpsS kam-\X

2. aq∏-∑m-cpsS tbmKy-X-Iƒ

a. s]mXp-tbm-Ky-X-Iƒ

b. [m¿ΩnI tbmKy-X-Iƒ

c. am\- nI tbmKy-X-Iƒ

d. hy‡nXz tbmKy-X-Iƒ

e. kzKrlØnse AYhm Km¿lnI

tbmKyXIƒ

f. InkvXobm\p`h kw_‘nbmb

tbmKyXIƒ

g. _lpam\yX kw_‘n®

tbmKyXIƒ

3. aq∏-∑m-cpsS FÆw

4. aq∏-∑m-cpsS XcwXncnhpIƒ/hIt`Zßƒ

5. aq∏-∑m-cpsS DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-ßƒ

6. aq∏-∑m-cpsS HutZymKnI Imem-h[n

7. aq∏-∑msc sXcs™Sp°p∂Xv

a. timX v AYhm DdhnSw

b. coXn AYhm hn[w

8. aq∏-∑msc \o°w sNø¬

9. ipiq-j-I∑m¿

10. ipiq-j°mcØn(ipiqjI)

11. kvXoIƒ°v k -bn-ep≈ ]¶v

D. k`bpsS A\pjvTm\ßƒ

1. I¿Ør-tai

a. Xmev]cym\pkrXw sNømambncp∂

330

Nne ap≥Ime A\pjvTm\ßƒ

(1) kvt\l-hn-cp-∂p-Iƒ

(2) -ho-™p- hnfºpambncp∂

kvt\l Iq´mbvaIƒ

(3) Iq´mbvabpsS kabßƒ

(4) XncphØmg \n¿∆lWw

b. I¿Ør-ta-i- kw_‘n® Iev]\m

kz`mhap≈ A\pjvTm\ßƒ

c. I¿Xr-ta-i-bpsS A¿∞w

(1) hkvXpam‰kn≤m¥w

(2) icockm∂n≤yhmZw AYhm

Znhykm∂n≤ykam¥chmZw

(3) kvamcI ipiqjsb∂ ho£Ww

(a) \µnb¿∏Ww

(b)Iq´mbva

(c) Xncp-h-Ømgw

(4) kwt£]w

2. kv\m\w

a. kv\m\w kw_-‘n® hyXykvX

ho£-W-ßƒ

(1) kv\m\w Hcp IqZmisb∂ ho£Ww

(2) kv\m\-Øm-¬ ho≠pw P\\sa∂

ho£Ww

(3) \ho-I-cW^eamb ho£Ww

(4) kv\m\w A\nhmcya√ F∂

ho£Ww

(5) _m]v‰n-Ãp k`IfpsS ho£Ww

b. Pe-kv\m-\-Øns‚ A¿∞w

(1) InkvXp-hns‚ Iev]\tbmSp≈

hnizmknbpsS A\pkcWm`nemj

sØ ImWn°p∂p.

(2) InkvXp-hns‚ acWw, AS-°w, -

]p\-cp-∞m\w Chbnep≈

]¶mfnØØns‚ ]Xncq]w

(3) Bflkv\m\Øns‚ ]XoIw

(4) k -tbm-Sp≈ ]cky GIo-I-cWw

(5) kwKlw

c. kv\m\ -hn[w

(1) ]pcm-X\ Ko°p- m-jbpw _m]vt‰m/

_m]v‰ntkm F∂ ]Z-ßfpw

(2) sk]v‰z-Pn‚pw _m]vt‰m/_m]v‰ntkm

F∂ ]Z-ßfpw

(3) _m]vt‰m/ _m]v‰ntkm F∂

]Zßƒ ]pXn-b\n-b-a-Øn¬

(4) ]XoImflIXzw ˛ apgpI¬ kv\m\

Øn\p≈ \ymbhmZw F∂ \nebn¬

(5) hn`‡n]tbmKßƒ˛apgpIen\p≈

sXfnsh∂ \nebn¬

(6) k`m-N-cn-Xhpw \na-÷-\-kv\m-\hpw

d. Pe-kv\m-\w F∂ hnjbw kw_-‘n®

D]-kw-lmcw

E. k -bpsS ]hnXX AYhm \n¿ΩeX

1. k -sb kw_‘n®p≈ th¿]mSv

a. th¿s]Sm\p≈ Iev]-\-Iƒ

(1) Zpcp-]-tZ-i-Øn¬\n∂p≈ th¿]mSv

(2) hnt—-Z-\-°m-cn¬\n-∂p-≈ -th¿]mSv

(3) A[m¿Ωn-I-X-bn¬ \n∂p≈

th¿]mSv

(4) Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-I-tfm-Sp≈ -

s]mXphmb A\p-k-c-W-t°Sv

b. B\p-Im-enI ssZh-im-kvX-

Nn-¥m-[m-cIƒ

(1) kzX-¥-Nn-¥m-KXn (en-_-d-en-kw)

(2) auenIhmZw ( -≠¿sa≥en-kw)

(3) \h- -kp-hn-tij hnlnX Nn¥mKXn

c. th¿]m-Sns\ kw_‘n®

\n›nX\n¿t±ißƒ

(1) thZ]pkvXItØmSp≈ ka¿∏W

at\m`mhw x hnizkn°p∂at\m`mhw

(2) Iq´m-bva-bpsS aWvU-e-ßƒ

2. k -bpsS in£Ww

a. in£Ww \-S-∏m-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈

thZ-]p-kvXI Iev]-\-Iƒ

b. in£Ww \S-∏m-°p-∂-Xn\v thZ]pkvXIw

A\pimkn°p∂ Im-c-W-ßƒ

c. in£-WtbmKy-amb Ip‰-ßƒ

d. k`bn¬ in£Ww \SØp∂Xv

(1) A[n-Im-c-Øn-ep≈ hy‡n-Iƒ

(2) \S-]-Sn-I-a-ßƒ

e. k`m- in-£-Ww kw_‘n®

D]-kwlmcw

F. k`m-N-cn-Xw˛]ÿm-\-ßƒ

G. k -sb-°p-dn-®p≈ ]T-\-Øns‚ D]-kw-lmcw


331

F¢o ntbmfPn

k`sb∏‰nbp≈ D]-tZiw

I. BapJhpw \n¿h-N-\hpw

k` F∂-Xns‚ Ko°p-]-Z-amb F¢o-knbbn¬ \n∂p-

amWv k`m-]-c-am-b (ecclesiastical) F∂ hm°v \ap°v

e`n®n´p≈Xv. CXv, ""a‰p Nne-Xn¬ \n∂v'' F∂¿∞-

ap≈ FIv F∂ D]-k¿§-Øn¬ \n∂pw ""hnfn-°pI''

F∂¿∞-ap≈ Imsetbm ˛¬ \n∂pw cq]-s∏- n- p≈

Hcp kwtbm-P-I-am-Wv. temI-Øn¬ \n∂pw ssZh-Øn-

\mbn hnfn-°-s∏´ Bfp-I-fpsS Hcp KW-am-Wv k`.

CXp hnfn®p th¿Xn-cn-°-s∏´hcpsS Hcp Iq -am-Ip-

∂p. Cu Ime-tØ-°p≈ ssZh-]-hr-Øn, ""Xs‚ \ma-

Øn-\mbn PmXn-I-fn¬ \n∂pw Hcp P\-Xsb th¿Xn-

cn-°p-∂-Xm-Ip∂p'' F∂v At∏m. 15:14 ˛¬ bmt°m_v

kqNn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. ssZhw PmXn-I-fn¬ \n∂pw Hcp

Iq´w P\sØ X\n-°mbn hnfn-®p-tN¿°p-∂p. Ah¿

k` AYhm ssZhk` F∂ ]pXnb hn`mKambnØo

tc-≠-Xn\v blq-Z-∑m-tcmSp tbmPn∏n°s∏´p. (Fs^.

3:6,10; 1 sImcn. 10: 32 Ch Im-Wp-I). 1 sImcn. 10:32˛¬

blq-Z≥, bh-\≥, ssZh-k` F∂n-ßs\ aq∂p

hn`mKw Bfp-Isf kqNn-∏n-®n-cn-°p∂p. 1 ]sXm. 2:

9˛¬ ""ssZh-Øns‚ kz¥-P\w'' F∂pw kqNn-∏n-

®n-cn-°p-∂p.

k` F∂Xv c≠p hyXykvX A¿∞-ß-fn¬ thZ-]p-

kvX-I-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂Xmbn thZ

-]p-kvXI ]Tn-Xm-°ƒ°p a\- n-emIpw. k` F∂-

hm°p-sIm≠v km¿∆-Xn-Ik -sbtbm ]mtZ-inIk -

tbtbm kqNn-∏n-°mw. tbipInkvXp-hn-ep≈ apgp-h≥

hnizm-k-nI-fp-sSbpw Iq -amWv km¿∆-XnI k` (Ir-

Xy-ambn ]™m¬ s]¥-t°mkvXp apX¬ DXv]m-]-

Ww-h-sc-bp-≈-h¿). acn®v kz¿§-Øn¬ hkn-°p-∂-hcpw

`qan-bn¬ tijn-®n-cn-°p-∂-h-cp-amb hnizm-kn-Iƒ

km¿∆-XnI k -bn¬ Dƒs∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. CXns\ thZ-

]p-kvXIw Hcp kwL-S-tbmS√, adn®v ""InkvXp

icocw'' F∂ ssPh-]-c-amb LS-\-tbm-SmWv kam-

\Xs∏Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. C]-Im-c-ap≈ km¿∆-XnI

k`sb kqNn-∏n-°p∂ [mcmfw thZ- m-K-ßƒ ImWm-

hp-∂-XmWv (1 sImcn. 12:28; 15:9; Fs^. 5:23, 24, 32).

""\o ]sXmkv BIp∂p; Cu ]md-ta¬ Rm≥

Fs‚ k`sb ]Wnbpw; ]mXmf tKm]p-c-ßƒ

AXns\ Pbn-°-bn√ F∂p Rm≥ \nt∂mSp

]d-bp∂p'' (a-Øm. 16:18).

Hcp henb P\-k-aq-l-sØ-°p-dn-®mWv InkvXp Chn

sS ]d-bp-∂Xv; AXns‚ Hcp sNdnb mKw amX-amWv

Hcp ]mtZ-inI k`. Cu henb P\hn`mKamWv k`.

""sblq-Z-∑m¿°pw ssZhk- bv°pw CS¿®-bn-

√m-Ø-h-cm-Ip-hn≥'' (1 sImcn. 10:32).

Cu hmIy-Øn¬ kqNn-∏n-®n-cn-°p∂ ]Imcw k`

F√m hn`m-K -ß-fnepws]´ Bfp-Iƒ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂-

XmWv.

F√m hmgvN-bv°pw A[n-Im-c-Øn\pw i‡n

°pw I¿Xr-Xz-Øn\pw Cu temI-Øn¬ amX-

a√ hcp-hm-\p-≈-Xnepw hnfn-°-s∏-Sp∂ kI-e-

\m-a-Øn\pw AXy¥w aosX Xe-bm°n, F√m-

‰nepw F√mw \nd-bv°p-∂-hs‚ \nd-hm-bn-cn-

°p∂ Ahs‚ ico-c-amb k`bv°p sImSp-

°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p (F-s^. 1:21˛23).

k` F∂Xv InkvXp -hns‚ ico -c -hpambn

GIcq]Øn¬ AYhm XmZmflyXbn¬ BsW∂Xv

i≤n-°p-I.

IrXy-ambn ]d-™m¬, PmXn-Iƒ kphn-ti-j-

Øm¬ InkvXp-tb-ip-hn¬ Iq´-h-Im-in-Ifpw

GI-io-c-c-ÿcpw hmKvZ-Ø-Øn¬ ]¶m-fn-Ifpw

BIp∂p... Aßs\ Ct∏mƒ kz¿§-Øn¬

hmgv®Iƒ°pw A[n-Im-c-ßƒ°pw ssZh-

Øns‚ _lp-hn-[-amb ⁄m\w, k` apJm-

¥ncw Adn-hm-bv hcp∂p AYhm Adnbphm≥

Ignbp∂p (F-s^. 3:6˛10).

blqZ∑mcpw PmXnIfpw tN¿∂p cq]oIrXamb

Iq´sØbmWv Bdmw hmIyw kqNn∏n°p∂Xv. Cu

_rlØmb Iq´sØ k` F∂v 10˛mw hmIyØn¬

XmXmZvays∏SpØnbncn°p∂p.

`¿Øm-°-∑mtc, InkvXp- k- sb kvt\ln-®-

Xp-t]mse \nß-fpsS `mcy-amsc kvt\ln-∏n≥.

Ah≥ Ahsf hN-\-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb Pe-kv\m-

\-Øm¬ shSn-∏m°n hnip-≤o-I-cn-t°-≠-Xn-\pw,

Id, Npfp°w, apX-embn H∂pw C√msX k`sb

ip≤bpw \njvI-f-¶-bp-ambn X\n-°p-Xs∂

tXP-t msS ap∂n-dptØ≠Xn\pw Xs∂-Øm≥

Ahƒ°p-th≠n Gev∏n -®p -sIm -SpØp

(F-s^. 5:26˛27).

ChnsS k` kqNn-∏n-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv Hcp ]mtZ-inI

kwL-S\ F∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ hnizm-kn-I-fpsS apgp-h≥

kaqlw F∂ \ne-bn-em-Wv.

Ah≥ k` F∂ ico-c-Øns‚ Xebpw

BIp∂p; kI-e-Ønepw Xm≥ apº-\m-tI-≠-

Xn\p Ah≥ Bcw- hpw acn-®-h-cpsS CS-bn¬

\n∂v BZy-\mbn Fgp-t∂-‰-h\pw BIp-∂p....-

C-t∏mƒ Rm≥ \nßƒ°p-th-≠n-bp≈ IjvSm-

\p-`-h-ß-fn¬ kt¥m-jn®p InkvXp-hns‚

IjvS-ß-fn¬ Ipd-hm-bp≈Xv Fs‚ PU-Øn¬

F¢o ntbmfPn: k`sb∏‰nbp≈ D]tZiw

332

k -bmb Ahs‚ ico-c-Øn-\p-th≠n ]qcn-∏n-

°p∂p (sIm-sem. 1:18, 24).

apI-fn-ep≈ c≠p hmIy-ß-fnepw k`sb InkvXp-

hns‚ ico-c-tØmSp XmZm-fly-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

kz¿§-Øn¬ t]sc-gp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂ BZy-Pm-X-

∑m-cpsS k`bv°pw F√m-h-cp-sSbpw ssZh-amb

\ymbm-[n-]-Xn°pw kn≤-∑m-cmb \oXn-am-∑m-

cpsS Bflm-°ƒ°pw (F-_m. 12:23).

""kz¿§-Øn¬ t]sc-gp-X-s∏- n-cn-°p∂'' F√m-h-cpw,

AXm-bXv c£n-°-s∏- - F-√m-hcpw k -bpsS AwK-

ß-fm-Ip∂p.

BXy-¥n-I-ambn k` AXns‚ ]q¿Æ-X-bn¬ AZr-

iy-am-Ip-∂p. AXv Poh-t\m-Sn-cn-°p∂hcpw acn-®-hcpw

Dƒs∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv. DXv]m-]WØn\p ap≥]mbn Hcp

ÿetØm Hcp ka-btØm k`bv°v H∂n®p IqSp-

hm≥ Hcn-°epw Ign-bp-I-bn-√. F∂m¬ CXn\p hncp-

≤-ambn, ]mtZ-inI k`, km¿∆-XnI k -bpsS Zriym-

hn-jvIm-c-am-Wv. hy‡-am-bpw, km¿∆-XnI k -bpsS

`mK-am-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw I¿Øm-hn-t\m-Sp-IqsS Ccn-t°-≠-

Xn\v acn-®p-t]m-Ip-Ibpw sNbvX -hn- m-KsØ ]mtZ-

inI k` Dƒs°m-≈p-∂n-√. km¿∆-XnI k`-bn¬

\n∂pw hyXy-kvX-ambn ]mtZ-inI k`bv°v AXp-ambn

kl-I-cn-°p∂ Ahn-izm-kn-I-sfbpw Dƒs°m-≈m-hp-

∂-XmWv. ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ F¢o-knb F∂ ]Zw

GI-tZiw 150 ]mhiyw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬

A[nI ]¶pw Hcp ]mtZ-inI k`, As√-¶n¬ ]mtZ-

in-I-k- -Iƒ F∂mWp kqNn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv (D-Zm. a°-

tZm-\y-bnse k`, 2 sImcn. 8:1; sX -tem-\n-Iy-bnse

k -Iƒ, 1 sX . 1:1 XpS-ßn-b-h).

\ΩpsS ]T-\-Øn¬ BZyw ]cn-K-Wn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv

km¿∆-XnI k`bpw ]n∂oSv ]mtZ-in-I-k- -bp-am-Wv.

II. km¿∆-XnI k -bpsS hmMvab NnX-ßƒ

]pXnbanbaw InkvXphpw k`bpambp≈ _‘sØ

]Tn∏n°phm\mbn hnhn[ Be¶mcnI]tbmKßƒ

D]tbmKn®ncn°p∂p AYhm k`bpsS ]IrXn

h¿Æn°phm\mbn hnhn[ cq]mIme¶mcßƒ

\¬Ip∂p≠v.

A. CS-b\pw BSpw

]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ ssZh-P-\sØ BSp-I-fmbpw Ah-

cpsS CS-b-\mbn ssZh-sØbpw NnXo-I-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p

(k-¶o. 23:1; 74:1; 78:52; 79:13; 80:1; 95:7; 100:3; sbi. 40:

11; bnsc. 23:1; sbsl. 34; skJ. 13:7). \√ CS-bs‚

]mT-Øn¬ InkvXp ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv, (\√ CSbs‚

]mTØn¬ InkvXp ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv, Xs‚ BSpIsf

AhnSp∂p t]¿ sNm√n hnfn®p sXmgpØn \p

(blqZaXw) ]pdØpsIm≠pt]mIp∂p F∂pw Cu

sXmgpØn¬ Dƒs∏SmØ thsd BSpIƒ (PmXnIƒ)

X\n°p≠v F∂pamWv. Ch c≠pw IqSnt®¿∂v

]pXnb Hcp Bń≥Iq´w BIpw (Im-WpI, tbml.

10:16). k` F∂p hnfn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Cu ]pXnb

Bń≥Iq- Øns‚ inc v InkvXphmWv (Im-Wp-I,

At∏m. ]h. 20:28). tbip -]-[m\ CS-b\pw (1 ]sXm.

5:4; 1 ]sXm. 2:25) tijvT CS-b\pw (F-_m. 13:20)

BIp-∂p. ip iq-j-I-∑m¿ (C-S-b-∑m¿) Ahs‚ ]Xn-

\n-[n-Ifpw B Ip∂p (A-t∏m. 20: 28; Fs^. 4:11; 1

]sXm. 5:2˛3).

Hcp CSb\pw BSpIfpw F∂ NnXw ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv

InkvXphmWv k`bpsS ta¬ A[nImcn F∂mWv.

Ah≥ kwc-£-Ww, am¿K-\n¿t±-iw, t]mjWw

F∂nh -hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°p \¬Ip-∂p. BSp-Iƒ F∂

\ne-bn¬ hnizm-kn-Iƒ Ae™p Xncn-bp-hm≥ km≤y-

X-bp-≈-Xn-\m¬ \Ωp-sS-C-S-bs‚ _p≤nbpw i‡nbpw

Bh-iy-am-Wv.

""Cu sXmgp-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-SmØ thsd BSp-

Iƒ F\n-°p≠v; Ah-sbbpw Rm≥ \S-tØ-

≠-Xm-Ip∂p; Ah Fs‚ i_vZw tIƒ°pw;

Hcm -ń≥ Iq -´hpw Hcn -S -b\pw BIpw''

(tbm-l. 10:16).

""\nß-sf-Ø-s∂bpw Xm≥ kz¥-c-‡-Øm¬

kºm-Zn-®n-cn-°p∂ ssZh-Øns‚ k`sb tabv-

∏m≥ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp \nßsf A≤y-£-cm°n

sh® Bń≥Iq´w apgp-h-s\bpw kq£n-®p-

sImƒhn≥'' (A-t∏m. ]h. 20:28).

""\nXy-\n-b-a-Øns‚ c-‡-Øm¬ BSp-I-fpsS

henb CS-b-\mb \ΩpsS I¿Øm-hmb tbip-

hns\ acn-®-h-cpsS CS-bn¬ \n∂p aS-°n-h-cp-

Ønb kam-[m-\-Øns‚ ssZhw (F-_m. 13:20).

""\nß-fpsS hnNmc-W-bn-ep≈ ssZh-Øns‚

Bń≥Iq- sØ tabn-®p- sImƒhn≥. \n¿_-‘-

Øm-e-√, ssZh-Øn\p lnX-amw-hÆw a\:]q¿∆-

ambpw Zpcm-K-l-tØm-sS-b-√, Dt∑-j-tØm-sS-

bpw, CS-h-I-I-fp-sS-ta¬ I¿ØrXzw \S-Øp-∂-

h-cm-bn-´-√, Bń≥Iq-´-Øn\p amXr-I-I-fmbn

Xo¿∂p-sIm≠pw A≤y-£X sNøphn≥.

F∂m¬ CS-b-ti-jvT≥ ]Xy-£-\m-Ip-tºmƒ

\nßƒ tXP- ns‚ hmSmØ IncoSw

]m]n°pw'' (1 ]sXm. 5:2˛4).

B. inc pw ico-chpw

k`sb kw_‘n® c≠masØ s]mXphmb


333

thZ]pkvXI cq]me¶mcw InkvXp inc mb icocw

F∂XmWv(Im-Wp-I. 1 sImcn. 10:17; Fs^. 2:16; 3:6;

4:4, 12, 16; 5:23; 30; 6:15˛16; sImsem. 2:19; 3:15).

""AXp-t]mse ]e-cmb \mw InkvXp-hn¬ Hcp

ico-chpw F√m-hcpw XΩn¬ Ah-b-h-ßfpw

BIp∂p (tdm-a. 12:5).

""icocw H∂pw, AXn\v Ah-bhw ]eXpw; ico-

c-Øns‚ Ah-bhw ]e-Xm-bn-cns° F√mw Hcp

ico-chpw Bbn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]msebmIp∂p

InkvXphpw. sblq-Z-∑m-tcm bh-\-∑mtcm Zmk-

∑mtcm kzX-¥tcm \mw F√m-hcpw GI-i-co-

c-am-Ip-amdv Htc Bflm-hn¬ kv\m\ta‰pw Htc

Bflmhns\ ]m\w sNbvXpancn°p∂p......

Ct∏mƒ \nßƒ InkvXphns‚ -ico-chpw

Hmtcm-cp-Ø≥ sht∆-dmbn Ah-b-h-ßfpw

BIp∂p'' (1 sImcn. 12:12˛13; 27).

""k¿∆hpw Ahs‚ Im¬°o-gm-°n-h®v Ahs\

k¿∆-Øn\pw aosX Xe-bm-°n, F√m-‰nepw

F√mw \nd-bv°p-∂-hs‚ \nd-hm-bn-cn-°p∂

Ahs‚ ico-c-amb k`bv°p sImSp-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. (F-s^. 1:22˛23).

""Ah≥ k` F∂ ico-c-Øns‚ Xebpw

BIp∂p... Ct∏mƒ Rm≥ \nßƒ°p-th≠n

bp≈ IjvSm-\p- -h-ß-fn¬ kt¥m-jn®p Inkv

Xp-hns‚ IjvS-ß-fn¬ Ipd-hm-bp≈Xv Fs‚

PU-Øns‚ k`-bmb Ahs‚ ico-c-Øn-\p -

th≠n ]qcn-∏n-°p∂p'' (sIm-sem. 1:18, 24).

icocw F∂ \ne-bn¬ k` sshhn≤yap≈Xpw

GIoIcn°s∏´XpamIp∂p. Hmtcm `mKhpw apgp-i-co-

c-sØbpw _m[n°p∂XmWv. Hcp icocØns‚ Hmtcm

`mKhpw AXymhiyap≈Xpw At∏mƒØs∂ a‰v

AhbhßtfmSv BibXzØnembncn°pIbpw

sNøp∂Xpt]mse a‰p≈htcmSv Akqb tXm∂pI

tbm A]I¿jX tXm∂pItbm a‰p≈htcmSv

\n mcXzw tXm∂p∂ Zpc`nam\w D≠mIpItbm

sNøm≥ ]mSn√. ico-c-Øns‚ kmZriyw ]Tn-∏n-°p-

∂-Xv, a‰p hnizm-kn-Iƒ hyXy-kvX-cm-bn-cn-°p-hm≥ \mw

A\p-h-Zn -°p-I-bpw, AtXm-sSm∏w Ah-cpambn

ZrV_‘w ]pe¿Øp-hm≥ Ign-bp-Ibpw thWw

F∂m-Ip-∂p. hnizm-kn-Iƒ a‰p hnizm-kn-Iƒs°m∏w

Ah-cpsS A\p-K-l-Øn¬ kt¥m-jn-°p-∂-hcpw Ah-

cpsS k¶-S-Øn¬ ZpxJn-°p-∂-hcpw Bbn-cn-°-Ww.

Cu ico-c-Øns‚ Xe F∂ \ne-bn¬ InkvXp Bh-

iy-amb am¿§ \n¿t±-i-ßfpw ⁄m\hpw ]Zm\w

sNøp∂p. ico-c-Øns‚ F√m ]h¿Ø\-ß-sfbpw

\nb-¥n-°p∂ A[n-Im-cn-bmWv InkvXp.

C aW-hm- nbpw aW-hm-f\pw

ssZhhpw bnkm-tbepw XΩn-ep≈ _‘w ¿Ømhpw

`mcybpw XΩn¬ F∂Xp t]mse ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬

Xpe\w sNøp-∂p. bnkm-tb-en-s\-°p-dn®p Ahƒ

Ahn-iz-kvX-bmb Hcp `mcy F∂p ]dbp∂Xv,

Ahkm\w Ahƒ bYmkv\m\s∏Spsa∂p≈ hmKvZ

ØtØmSpIqsS km[mcWbmbn°mWp∂ Hcp

kqN\bmWv (sb-i. 50:1; bnsc. 2:2; 31:32; sbsl.

16:32; tlmti. 2:2; sbi. 54:5˛8; 62:4-- ˛5).

""\ns‚ kjvSm-hm-Ip∂p \ns‚ `¿Øm-hv,

ssk\y-ß-fpsS btlmh F∂m-Ip∂p Ahs‚

\maw; bnkm-tb-ens‚ ]cn-ip-≤-\m-Ip∂p \ns‚

hos≠-Sp-∏p-Im-c≥; k¿∆- q-an-bp-sSbpw ssZhw

F∂v Ah≥ hnfn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. Dt]-£n-°-s∏´

at\m-hy-k-\-Øn¬ Ccn-°p∂ kvXosb F∂-

t]mse btlmh \ns∂ hnfn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. buh-

\-Øn¬ hnhmlw sNbvXn´p X≈n-°-f™

`mcysb F∂-t]mse Xs∂ F∂p \ns‚

ssZhw Acp-fn-sN-øp-∂p. Aev]-t\-c-tØ-°p-

amXw Rm≥ \ns∂ Dt]-£n®p; F¶nepw alm-

I-cp-W-tbmsS Rm≥ \ns∂ tN¿Øp-sIm-≈pw.

tIm[m-[nIy-Øn¬ Rm≥ £W-t\-c-tØ°v

Fs‚ apJw \n\°p ad®p; F¶nepw \nXy -Z-

b-tbmsS Rm≥ \nt∂mSp IcpW ImWn-°pw

F∂p \ns‚ hos≠-Sp-∏p-Im-c-\mb btlmh

Acp-fn-s®-øp∂p'' (sb-i. 54:5˛8).

""\ns∂ C\n Akq_m (Xy-‡) F∂p hnfn-

°p-I-bn√; \ns‚ tZisØ siamam (iq-\yw)

F∂p ]dIbpan√; \n\°p sl^vko_m

(CjvS) F∂pw \ns‚ tZi-Øn\p s_bqe

(hn-hm-l-ÿ) F∂pw t]cv BIpw; btlm-

hbv°p \nt∂mSp ]nb-ap-≠t√m; \ns‚ tZi-

Øn\p hnhmlw Ign-bpw. buh-\-°m-c≥ I\y-

Isb hnhmlw sNøp-∂-Xp-t]mse \ns‚

]pX-∑m¿ \ns∂ hnhm-lw-sNøpw; aW-hm-f≥

aW-hm- n-bn¬ kt¥m-j-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse \ns‚

ssZhw \n∂n¬ kt¥m-jn°pw ''

(sb-i. 62: 4˛5).

aW-hm- n-sb-∂ Ae¶mc]tbmKw Bh¿Øn®v kphn-

ti-j-ß-fn¬ ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. InkvXphn\v aWhm

f≥ F∂ ]Xncq]w Iev]n°s∏´ncn°p∂Xmbpw

AhnSpsØ A\pKan°p∂h¿°v˛]tXyIn®pw

tbml∂m≥ kv\m]I\v aWhmfs‚ kvt\lnX∑m

cpsS [¿Ωw D≠mbncn°p∂Xmbpw ImWp∂p

(aØm. 9:15; 25:1˛3; a¿t°m. 2:19˛20; eqt°m. 5:34˛35;

tbml. 3:29)..


334

""tbip Ah-tcmSp ]d-™Xv:˛ aW-hm-f≥ IqsS-

bp-fft∏mƒ tXmg-∑m¿°p Zp:Jn∏m≥ Ign-I-bn-

√; aW-hm-f≥ ]ncn-™p-t]m-tI-≠p∂ \mƒ

hcpw; A∂v Ah¿ D]-h-kn°pw'' (a-Øm. 9:15).

""AXn\p tbml-∂m≥: kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂p

sImSp-Øn-´-√msX a\p-jy\v H∂pw e`n-∏m≥

Ign-I-bn-√. Rm≥ InkvXp A√, Ah\p

apºmbn Ab-°-s∏- -h-\-sX F∂p Rm≥ ]d-

™-Xn\p \nßƒXs∂ F\n°p km£n-Iƒ

BIp-∂p. aW-hmń D≈-h≥ aW-hm-f≥

BIp∂p; aWhmfs‚ kvt\lnXt\m \n∂p

aW-hmfs‚ kzcw tIń v AXy¥w kt¥m-

jn-°p∂p; Cu Fs‚ kt¥mjw ]q¿Ønbmbn-

cn-°p∂p (tbml 3:27˛29).

Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-I-fn-¬ k`sb A`n-kw-t_m-[\sNbvXn-

cn-°p-∂XneqsS InkvXp aW-hm-f≥ F∂ \ne-bn¬

Xs‚ aW-hm-ń-bmb k`-bv°p-th≠n hnhmlw

\n›bw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p F∂Xv Ct∏mƒ A[nIw

hy‡-bp-≈-XmbnØo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p. blqZkwkv°mc

Øn¬ \S∂ncp∂ Hcp hnhml\n›bw C∂p\S

°p∂ Hcp B[p\nI hnhml\n›btØ°mƒ ZrV

_‘ap≈Xmbncp∂p. InkvXphpw Xs‚ k`bpw

XΩn-ep≈ DS-º-Snsb H∂n\pw Hcn°epw t`Zn-°p-hm≥

Ign -bp -I-bn -√. k` Ct∏mƒ InkvXp -hn -\mbn

hnhml\n-›bw sNø-s∏- n-cn-°p∂Xpw, Cu _‘w

apdn-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-Xp-am-Ip-∂p. kz¿§ob \K-

cØn¬ Ip™m-Sns‚ IeymWØnemWv CXv

]caImjvTbnseØp∂Xv; AYhm ]cn]q¿ÆXbnse

Øp∂Xv.

""`¿Ømhp Pohn-®n-cn-°p-tºmƒ Ahƒ thsd

]pcp-j\v Bbm¬ hy`n-Nm-cnWn F∂p t]cp-

hcpw; ¿Ømhp acn®p F¶ntem Ahƒ thsd

]pcp-j∂p Bbm¬ hy`n-Nm-cnWn F∂p hcm-

sX-hÆw \ymb-]-am-W-Øn¬ \n∂p kzX-¥-

bm-Ip-∂p. AXp-sIm≠p ktlm-Z-c-∑m-sc, \mw

ssZh-Øn\p êw Imbv°p-amdv acn®n´v

Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂‰h\mb thsdmcph\p BtI-

≠-Xn\p \nß-fpw InkvXp-hns‚ icocw apJm-

¥cw \ymb-]-amWkw_-‘-ambn acn-®n-cn-

°p∂p.'' (tdm-a. 7:3˛4).

""Rm≥ \nß-sf-°p-dn®v ssZh-Øns‚ Fcn-

thmsS Fcn-bp∂p; Rm≥ InkvXp F∂ GI

]pcp-j\p \nßsf \n¿Ω-e-I-\y-I-bmbn Gev]n-

°m≥ hnhm-l-\n-›bw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p''

(2 sImcn. 11:2).

""`mcy-am-sc, I¿Øm-hn\v F∂-t]mse kz¥-

`¿Øm-°-∑m¿°p Iog-S-ßp-hn≥. InkvXp ico-

c-Øns‚ c£n-Xm-hmbn k`bv°p Xe-bm-Ip-∂-

Xp-t]mse `¿Ømhp `mcybv°p Xe-bm-Ip-∂p.

F∂m¬ k` InkvXp-hn\p Iog-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p-

∂-Xp-t]mse `mcy-amcpw `¿Øm-°-∑m¿°p

kI-e-Ønepw Iog-S-ßn-bn-cn-°Ww. `¿Øm-

°-∑m-sc, InkvXphpw k`sb kvt\ln-®-Xp-

t]mse \nß-fpsS `mcy-amsc kvt\ln-∏n≥;

Ah≥ Ahsf hN-\-tØmSp IqSnb Pe-kv\m-

\ -Øm¬ shSn -∏m°n(hN\Ømep≈

PewsIm≠v IgpIn shSn∏m°n). hnip-≤o-I-cn-

t°-≠-Xn\pw, Id, Npfp°w, apX-embXv H∂pw

C√msX k`sb ip≤bpw \nj-I-f-¶-bp-ambn

X\n°pXs∂ tXP-t msS ap∂n-dp-tØ-≠-

Xn\pw Xs∂Øm≥ Ahƒ°p-th≠n Gev]n-

®p-sIm-Sp-Øp. A∆Ww `¿Øm-°-∑m-cpw Xß-

fpsS `mcy-amsc kz¥ ico-c-ß-sf-t∏mse

kvt\ln-t°-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p. mcysb kvt\ln-°p-

∂-h≥ Xs∂-Øm≥ kvt\ln-°p-∂p. Bcpw

Xs‚ PUsØ Hcp \mfpw ]I-®n-ń-√t√m;

InkvXphpw k`sb sNøp∂Xpt]mse

AXns\ t]m‰n ]pe¿Øp-I-bsX sNøp-∂-Xv.

\mw Ahs‚ ico-c-Øns‚ Ah-bhßf-t√m.

AXp-\n-anØw Hcp-a-\p-jy≥ A∏-s\bpw AΩ-

sbbpw hn´p `mcy-tbmSp ]‰n-t®cpw; Ccp-hcpw

Hcp-tZ-l-ambn Xocpw (F-s^. 5:22˛31).

""\mw kt¥m-jn®v D√-kn®v Ah\p alXzw

sImSp°; Ip™m-Sns‚ IeymWw h∂p-ht√m;

Ahs‚ Im¥bpw Xs∂-Øm≥ Hcp-°n-bn-cn-

°p∂p. Ahƒ°p ip≤hpw ip -hp-amb hnti-

j-hkvXw [cn-∏m≥ Ir] e`n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. B

hnti-j-hkvXw hnip-≤-∑m-cpsS \oXn-]-hr-Øn-

Iƒ Xs∂. ]ns∂ Ah≥ Ft∂mSv: Ip™m-

Sns‚ IeymW kZybv°p £Wn-°-s∏-´-h¿

`mKy-hm-∑m¿ F∂p FgpXpI F∂p ]d-™p.

CXp -ssZ -h -Øns‚ kXy-h-N\w F∂pw

Ft∂mSp ]d™p (sh-fn. 19:7˛9).

""]pXnb sbcp -itew F∂ hnip -≤-

\-Kcw ¿Øm-hn-\mbn Ae-¶-cn-®n- p≈ aW-hm-

ń-sb-t∏mse Hcpßn kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂v, ssZh-

k-∂n-[n-bn¬ \n∂p Xs∂ Cd-ßp-∂Xp Rm≥

I≠p...... A¥y-_m[ Ggpw \nd™ Ggp Ie-

iw D≠m-bn-cp∂ Ggp ZqX-∑m-cn¬- H-cp-Ø≥

h∂v Ft∂mSv: hcn-I, Ip™m-Sns‚ Im¥-

bmb aW-hm-ńsb ImWn®p Xcmw F∂p

]d™p'' (sh-fn. 21:2, 9).


335

""hcnI F∂v Bflmhpw aW-hm- nbpw ]d-bp-

∂p......''(-sh-fn. 22:17).

InkvXphpw k`bpw XΩn -ep≈ _‘w Hcp

InkvXob `¿Ømhpw `mcybpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘-

Øn\p kam-¥-c-am-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p. InkvXp- k-

`sb kvt\ln-°p-∂Xv \nkzm¿∞hpw XymK-]q¿Whp-

amb kvt\l-Øm-emWv. Hcp ¿Øm-hn\v mcy Iogvs∏-

ń-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse k` InkvXphn\v hnt[bXz

Øn¬ Bbncnt°≠XmWv. F_m-b-`mj-bn¬

`¿Øm-hv, bP-am-\≥ F∂o c≠v A¿∞ßfpw hcp∂

Hcp ]Zw Ds≠-∂p-≈Xv B›cy-P-\-I-amb hkvXp-X-

bm-Wv. hnip≤ \K-csØ aW-hm-ń-bmbn∏dbp∂

kqN\Iƒ an°hmdpw Cu \Kcw InkvXp-hns‚ aW-

hm-ń-bmb k`bpsS \nXy-`-h-\-am-sW∂ kXyw-

Dƒs°m-≈n-®psIm≠m-bn-cn-°pw.

D. InkvXp aqe-°-√mb ssZhm-e-bw, `h\°m¿

AYhm sIńSw

]c-kv]cw _‘-s∏-´p-In-S-°p∂ Cu Ae-¶m-c-

ßƒs°m≠v Hcp-]s£ kXy-Øns‚ hnhn[ Xe-ß-

fm-bn-cn°mw Dt±-in-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. k`sb ssZhm-

e-b-tØmSp Xpe\w sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv, ]g-b-\n-ba

kam-K-a\ IqSm-c-Øn¬ ssZhw hkn-®-Xp-t]mse ]cn-

ip-≤m-flmhp apJm-¥ncw Xm≥ k -bn¬ hkn-°p∂p

F∂ kXysØ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. ]mtZ-inI

k`sb AYhm ]mtZinI kÌsf \in-∏n-°p-∂-

hsc ssZhw \in-∏n-°p-sa∂p≈ i‡-amb Hcp ap∂-

dn-bn∏v 1 sImcn. 3:16˛17˛¬ ImWp-∂p).

""\nßƒ ssZh-Øns‚ aµncw F∂pw ssZh-

Øns‚ Bflmhp \nß-fn¬ hkn-°p∂p

F∂pw Adn-bp-∂n-√tbm? ssZhØns‚ aµncw

\in∏n°p∂hs\ ssZhw \in∏n°pw ssZh

Øns‚ aµncw hnip≤at√m; \nßfpw

Aßs\Xs∂''(1 sImcn. 3:16˛17).

(ssZhm-ebw F∂ \nebn¬ ssZhw k -bn¬ hkn-

°p∂p F∂-Xns‚ kqN-\-°mbn 2 sImcn. 6:16; Fs^.

2:19˛22 `mK-ßƒ IqSn ImWp-I).

a‰p thZ- m-K-ßfpw k`sb tbip-InkvXp aqe-°-√m-

bn-cn-°p∂ sIń-S-tØmSp kmZr-iy-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-≠v.

]Wn-bp-∂-h¿ X≈n-°-f-™Xpw ]n∂oSp aqe-°-√mbn

Xo¿∂-Xp-amb Hcp- I-√n-s\-°p-dn®v k¶o. 118:22 apX¬

hmIy-ß-fn¬ kqNn-∏n-°p∂p. 118-˛mw k¶o¿Ø\w

Xs∂-°p-dn -®v ]Tn-∏n -°p-∂-Xm-sW∂v InkvXp

AhImis∏ń´p≠v (a-Øm. 21:42; a¿t°m. 12:10;

eqt°m. 20:17) . 118˛mw k¶o¿Ø\Øns‚ \nhrØn

]sXmkpw Is≠ØnbXv I¿Ømhmb tbip

InkvXphnemWv. InkvXphmWv aqe°√v. At∏mkvX

e∑mcpw ]hmNI∑mcpw ASnÿm\w. k`, AXmbXv

hnizmknIƒ sIńSamIp∂p.

""Rßƒ ssZh-Øns‚ Iq´p-th-e-°m¿, \nßƒ

ssZh-Øns‚ Irjn, ssZh-Øns‚ Krl-

\n¿Ωm-Ww. F\n°p e`n® ssZh-Ir-]bv°v

HØ-hÆw Rm≥⁄m-\-ap-s≈mcp ][m\

inev]n -bmbn ASn-ÿm\w Cń -cn -°p-∂p;

as‰mcpØ≥ aosX ]Wnbp∂p; Xm≥ Fßs\

]Wnbp∂p F∂v HmtcmcpØ\pw t\m°ns°m

≈s´. tbipInkvXp F∂ Cńcn°p∂

ASnÿm\a√msX as‰m∂v CSphm≥

B¿°pw Ign-bp-I-bn√'' (1 sImcn. 3:9˛11).

""BI-bm¬ \nßƒ C\n A\y-∑mcpw ]c-tZ-

in-I-fp-a-√, hnip-≤-∑m-cpsS kl-]u-c-∑mcpw

ssZh-Øns‚ h-\-°m-cp-a-sX; InkvXp-tbip

Xs∂ aqe-°-√m-bn-cns° \nßsf At∏m-kvX-

e-∑mcpw ]hm-N-I-∑mcpw F∂ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-

t∑¬ ]Wn-Xn-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-\n¬ sIńSw apgp-

h≥ bp‡-am-bn-tN¿∂p I¿Øm-hn¬ hnip≤

aµn-c-ambn hf-cp-∂p. Ah-\n¬ \nß-sfbpw

ssZh-Øns‚ \nhm -k-am -tI-≠-Xn\v

Bflm-hn-\m¬ H∂n®p ]WnXp- h-cp∂p''

(Fs^. 2:19˛22).

""a\p-jy¿ X≈n-bsX-¶nepw ssZh-k-∂n-[n-bn¬

tijvThpw am\y-hp-amb Poh-\p≈ I√mb

Ahs‚ ASp-°¬ h∂n-´v, \nßfpw Poh-

\p≈ I√p-Iƒ F∂-t]mse BflnI Krl-

ambn tbip-InkvXp apJm-¥ncw ssZh-Øn\p

]km-Z-ap≈ Bfln-I-bmKw Ign-∏m-¥°

hnip≤ ]ptcm-ln-X-h¿§-am-tI-≠-Xn\p ]Wn-b-

s∏-Sp∂p'' (1 ]sXm. 2:4˛5).

Hcp sIńSw [mcmfw H‰-°-√p-Iƒ tN¿Øp \n¿Ω-n®n-

cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse ]c-kv]-cm-i-b-Xz-ap≈ hy‡n-Iƒ

tN¿∂p-≈-XmWv k` F∂m-Ip∂p sIń-S-Øns‚

kmZr-iyØneqsS \sΩ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. IqSmsX k`

AXns‚ \n¿Ωm-W-]-In-b-bn¬ XpS¿am-\-amb AXyp-

∂Xn ]m]n®pw hcp-∂p. ]pXp-a-\p-jy-cmbn InkvXp-

hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw hnizm-kn-Iƒ F∂ \ne-bn¬

At\ym\yw ""BfloIh¿≤\'' hcpØpI bpw

sNøp∂ BfpIfm¬ ]Wn-b-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp sIń-S-am-

WnXv. sIń-S-Øns‚ NnX-Øn¬ \n∂pw e`n-°p∂

as‰mcp ASn-ÿm\ ]mTw, s]mXphmb k`bpsStbm

Hcp k`bpsStbm \nbam\pkrXhpw \n¬\n¬°p

∂Xpamb ASnÿm\w InkvXp amX-am-Ip∂p F∂-

XmWv (_p-≤n-bp-f-≈ a\p-jy≥ ]md-ta¬ ]Wn-bp∂

IY-bp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I, aØm. 7:24).


336

""hnizmkØns‚ `h\°m¿ F∂v k`sb XmcXayw

sNbvXncn°p∂Xv, ssZhmebw AYhm sIńSw F∂

]Xncq]hpambn At`Zyambn _‘s∏ńcn°p∂p.

Nnet∏mƒ F√m ]Z]tbmKßfpw Htc t`K`mKØp

Xs∂ Dƒs°m≠ncn°p∂p(DZm. Fs^. 2:19-˛22

`h\°m¿ hm. 19˛sIńSw; hm. 21˛hnip≤aµncw

AYhm ssZhmebw). `h\°m¿ F∂ Bibw

sFIyXsb°pdn®pw IpSpw__‘sØ°pdn®pw

\tΩmSp ]dbp∂p.

""BI-bm¬ Ah-kcw In´pw-t]mse \mw F√m-

h¿°pw, hnti-jm¬ kl hnizm-kn-Iƒ°pw

\∑ sNbvI (K-em. 6:10).

""Xma-kn-®p-t]m-bmtem kXy-Øns‚ XqWpw

ASn-ÿm-\-hp-ambn Poh-\p≈ ssZh-Øns‚

k -bm-Ip∂ ssZhm-e-b-Øn¬ \-S-t°-≠Xv

Fß-s\-sb∂v \o Adn-tb-≠-Xn\v CXv Fgp-

Xp∂p (1 Xnsam. 3:15).

""\ymb-hn[n ssZh-Kr-l-Øn¬ Bcw-`n-°m≥

ka-b-am-bt√m'' (1 ]sXm. 4:17).

E. InkvXp-tijvT alm-]p-tcm-l-X-\mbn-cn-°p∂

]utcm-lnXyw

hnizm-k-Øm¬ amXw \oXn-I-c-Ww, A¥na A[n-Im-

cw, k -bpsS ]mc-º-cy-Øn-\-√, Xncp-sh-gp-Øn\p amX-

am -Ip∂p F∂n-h-tbm-sSm∏w hnizm -kn -I-fpsS

]utcmlnXyw F∂ D]tZihpw \thm-∞m-\-Øns‚

aq∂p kp]-[m\ ]am-W-ß-fn¬ H∂m-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp

am\p-jnI ]ptcm-ln-Xs‚ apºmsI Ipº-km-cn-°p-

∂Xpw ssZh-Øn\pw a\p-jy¿°pw CS-bn¬ a≤y-

ÿ≥ F∂ \ne-bn¬ acn-®p-t]mb GsX-¶nepw hnip-

≤-t\mSp ]m¿∞n-°p-∂-Xp-amb tdma≥ ItØm-en°m

BNm-csØ \thm-∞m-\-°m¿ FXn¿Øp. IqSmsX

Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-Iƒ AXns‚ ]mNo\ `mj-I-fn¬ Hcp

hn`mKw ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿ amXw ]Tn-t°-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p-

sh∂ Nn¥m-K-Xn-sbbpw Ah¿ FXn¿Øp thZ-]p-

kvXIw km[m-c-W-°m¿ Ah-cpsS kz¥w mj-I-fn¬

]Tn-°p-hm≥ ssZhw BK-ln-°p-∂-Xmbn Ah¿ hniz-

kn-®p. (F∂ncp∂mepw ]mWvUnXyw Bhiyans√

t∂m k``cWØntem k`sb D]tZiw ]Tn∏n°p∂

Xntem Hmtcm ]pcpj\pw Xpeym[nImcamWp≈sX

t∂m \hoIcW°m¿ hnizkn®psh∂v CXn\¿

∞an√), F√m hnizm-kn-Ifpw ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-c-sX.

tbip-InkvXp hnizm-kn-I-fpsS tijvT-a-lm-]p-tcm-ln-

X-\m-Ip-∂p-sh∂v F_m-b-te-J\w Du∂n-∏-d-bp∂p.

AhnSp∂v ssZhØn\pw a\pjy\pw \Sphn¬

kºq¿Æ\pw A¥y\pamb a≤yÿ\mIp∂p

(ImWpI. 1 Xnsam. 2:5). kIe bmK-ßfpw

Ahkm\n∏nt° ≠Xn\pw XpS¿am\ambn arKßsf

bmKw A¿∏nt° ≠Xns‚tbm ]tXyIamsbmcp

]utcmlnXyØns‚ tbm Bhiyw taem¬

C√mØhn[w ssZhhpw a\pjy\pambn \ne\n¬

°p∂ Hcp _‘w ÿm]n t°≠Xn\pw AhnSp∂v

kºq¿Æamb bmKw A¿∏n®p(F-_m. 2:17; 5:5- 6, 10;

7:17, 26; 9:11; 10:11˛12, 21 F∂n-hbpw ImWp-I).

""AXp-sIm≠p hnip-≤-k-tlm-Z-c-∑msc kz¿§o-

bhnfn°p Hml-cn-°m-cm-bp-t≈m-sc, \mw kzoI-

cn-®p-]-d-bp∂ At∏m-kvX-e\pw alm-]p-tcm-ln-

X-\p-amb tbip - In -kvXp -hns\ i≤n-®p

-t\m-°p-hn≥'' (F-_m. 3:1).

""BI-bm¬ ssZh-]p-X-\mb tbip BIm-i-

Øn¬ IqSn IS-∂p-t]m-sbm-cp, tijvT alm-

]p-tcm-ln-X-\mbn \ap°v D≈-Xp-I≠v \mw

G‰p]d™ \ΩpsS hnizmkw(kzoImcw)

apdpsI ]nSn-®p-sImƒI. \ap-°p≈ alm-]p-tcm-

ln-X≥ \ΩpsS _e-lo-\-X-I-fn¬ kl-Xm]w

ImWn-∏m≥ Ign-bm-Ø-h-\-√. ]m]w HgnsI

k¿∆-Ønepw \ap°p Xpey-\mbn ]co-£n-°-

s∏- -h-\sX \ap-°p-≈Xp (F-_m. 4:14˛15).

""Ahn-tS°p tbip aev°o-tk-sZ-°ns‚ Ia-

]-Imcw Ft∂°pw alm-]p-tcm-ln-X-\mbn

apºp-Iqń \ap-°p-th≠n ]th-in-®n-cn-°p∂p''

(F-_m. 6:20).

""\mw Cu ]d-bp-∂-Xns‚ kmcw Fs¥-∂m¬:

kz¿§-Øn¬ aln-am-k-\-Øns‚ he-Øp- mKØv

Ccp-∂-h-\m-bn... ipiq-j-I-\mb alm-]p-tcm-ln-

X≥ \ap-°p≠v'' (F-_m. 8:1).

\ymb-]-amWw \evIn-b-t∏mƒ bnkm-tb-ens\ ]ptcm

lnX∑mcpsS Hcp cmPyw B°p-sa∂v ssZhw hmKvZm

\w \¬In; hyhÿ ""\n›-b-ambpw \nßƒ Fs‚

hm°p-Iƒ A\p-k-cn-°p-sa-¶n¬'' (]p-d. 19:5˛6) F∂m-

bn-cp-∂p.-F-∂m¬ bnkm-tb¬ ]gb DSºSn (tam-si-

bpsS \ymb-]-am-Ww) ewLn-°p-I-bpw, Aßs\ Hcp

]ptcm-ln-X-cm-Py-ambn Xocp-hm-\≈ ]Zhn \jvS-am-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXp. ]n∂oSv Ahƒ Xs‚ ain-lmsb Dt]-

£n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. InkvXp-hns‚ c‡sØ B[m-

c-am°n ssZhw Hcp ]pXnb DS-ºSn hmKvZm\w

sNøp∂p; AXv Ct∏mƒ k -tbm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬

\ne-\n-ev°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p( CXp Imem¥tc bnkm-

tb¬ cmPy-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Ønepw km[q-I-cn-°-s∏-

Spw). k -bn-ep≈ F√mhcpw AXmbXv F√m hnizm

knIfpw InkvXp alm]ptcmlnX\mbp≈ ]ptcmln

XcmPyambnØo¿∂ncn°p∂p.


337

""\nßfpw Poh-\p-≈ -I-√p-Iƒ F∂-t]mse

Bfln-I-Kr-l-ambn tbip-InkvXp apJm-¥ncw

ssZh-Øn\p ]km-Z-ap≈ Bfln-I-bmKw Ign-

∏m-¥° hnip≤ ]ptcm-lnX h¿§-am-tI-≠-

Xn\p ]Wn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p..... \nßtfm A‘-Im-c-

Øn¬ \n∂p Xs‚ A¤p-X-]-Im-i-Øn-te°p

\nßsf hnfn-®-hs‚ k¬Kp-W-ßsf tLmjn-

∏m -¥-°-hÆw Xnc -s™-Sp -°-s∏´ Hcp

PmXnbpw cmP-Iob ]ptcm-ln-X-h¿§hpw hnip-

≤-hw -ihpw kz¥-P-\hpw BIp-∂p

(1 ]sXm. 2: 5, 9).

""Xs‚ ]nXm-hmb ssZh-Øn\p \sΩ cmPyhpw

]ptcm-ln-X-∑mcpw B°n-Xo¿Ø-h-\p-am-b-h\v

Fs∂-t∂°pw al-Xzhpw _ehpw; Bta≥''

(sh-fn. 1:6).

""]pkvXIw hmßp-hm\pw AXns‚ apZ s]m´n-

∏m\pw \otbm-Ky≥; \o Adp-°-s∏- p. \ns‚ -

c‡w sIm≠p k¿∆-tKm-X-Ønepw mj-bnepw

hwi-Ønepw PmXn-bnepw \n∂p-≈-hsc ssZh-

Øn-\mbn hne-bv°p-hmßn; Rß-fpsS ssZh-

Øn\v Ahsc cmPyhpw ]ptcm-ln-X-∑mcpw

B°n-h®p; Ah¿ qan-bn¬ hmgp∂p Fs∂mcp

]pXnb ]m v Ah¿ ]mSp∂p'' (sh-fn. 5:9-,10).

""H∂m-asØ ]p\-cp-∞m-\-Øn¬ ]¶p-≈-h≥

`mKy-hm-\pw- hn-ip-≤\pw BIp-∂p; Ah-cp-sS-

ta¬ c≠mw ac-W-Øn\v A[n-Imcw C√; Ah¿

ssZh-Øn\pw InkvXp-hn\pw ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-

cmbn InkvXp-hn-t\m-Sp-IqsS Bbncw B≠p

hmgpw'' (shfn. 20:6).

kIe hnizm-kn-Ifpw ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-cm-I-bm¬ Hcp

a\p -jy -a -≤y -ÿ-≥ apJm¥cw ]m¿∞n°m≥

Bhiyan√mØ\nebn¬ Ah¿°v ssZ-h-k-∂n-[n-bn¬

t\cn v ]th-i-\-Øn-\p≈ Ah-Imiw D≠v (F-s^.

2:18). CXp-Iq-Sm-sX, kI-e-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw Ah-cpsS

kz¥w `mj-I-fn¬ ssZh-h-N\w ]Tn-°p-Ibpw AXn-

eqsS hy‡n-]-c-amb t_m≤y-Øn-te°p \bn-°-s∏-

Sp-Ibpw k -bnse D]-tZ-jvSm-°-∑m-cn¬ \n∂pw e`n-

°p∂ D]-tZ-i-ßsf kw_-‘n®v \nP-ÿnXn hcp-Øp-

Ibpw sNø-≠-Xm-Ip∂p F∂p-≈-XmWv ssZh-Øns‚

CjvSw (D-Zm. At∏m. ]h. 17:11; 11 tbm-l. 4:1).

]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿°v bmK-ßƒ A¿∏n-°p-hm-\p-≈-_m-

≤y-X-bp≠v. Ipd™]£w ]ptcm-lnX- hn-izm-kn-Iƒ

A¿∏n-t°≠Xmb aq∂p bmKßsf°pdn®v ]pXnb

\nbaw kqNn∏n°p∂p. H∂m-a-Xv, \mw \sΩ-Øs∂

Poh-\p≈ bmK-ambn A¿∏n-°Ww (tdm-a. 12:1).

ASpØ-Xm-bn, ssZhw \sΩ-°p-dn-®m-K-ln-°p-∂-Xv,

ssZhthebpsS A`nhr≤n°pth≠n \ΩpsS [\w

A¿∏n-t°Ww F∂sX (^n-en. 4:18). Ah-km-\-am-

bn, ]ptcmlnX˛hnizmknIƒ A¿∏n-t°≠ bmKw

kvXpXnbpw Bcm-[-\bpw BIp∂p (F-_m. 13:15˛16).

""BI-bm¬ ktlm-Z-c-∑m-sc, Rm≥ ssZhØn

s‚ a\- -enhv Hm¿∏n®p \nßsf ]t_m-[n-

∏n-°p-∂Xv; \nßƒ _p≤n-bp≈ Bcm-[-\-

bmbn \nß-fpsS ico-c-ßsf Poh\pw hnip-

≤nbpw ssZh-Øn\p ]km-Z-hp-ap≈ bmK-ambn

ka¿∏n-∏n≥'' (tdm-a. 12:1).

""Ct∏mƒ F\n°p th≠p-∂Xv F√mw D≠v;

kar-≤n-bm-bp-an-cn-°p∂p; \nßƒ Ab®p

X∂Xp kuc-`y-hm-k-\-bmbn ssZh-Øn\p

]km-Zhpw kpKm-ly-hp-amb bmK-ambn F∏-

s^m-Zn-tØm-kns‚ Iøm¬ Rm≥ ]Xn-K-

ln®p Xr]vX-\m-bn-cn-°p∂p'' (^n-en. 4:18).

""AXp-sIm≠v Ah≥ apJm-¥ncw \mw ssZh-

Øn-\p, Ahs‚ \masØ G‰p-]-d-bp∂ A[-c-

^ew F∂ kvtXmX-bmKw CS-hn-SmsX A¿∏n-

°p-I. \∑ sNbvhm\pw Iq´mbva ImWn-

∏m\pw ad-°-cp-Xv. Cu hI bmK-Øn-et√m

ssZhw ]km-Zn-∏n-°p∂Xv'' (F_m. 13:15˛16).

F. kXy-Øns‚ Xq¨

""Xma-kn-®p-t]m-bmtem kXy-Øns‚ XqWpw

ASn-ÿm-\-hp-ambn Poh-\p≈ ssZh-Øns‚

k`-bm-Ip∂ ssZhm-e-b-Øn¬ \S-t°-≠Xp

Fß-s\-sb∂p \o Adn-tb-≠-Xn\p CXp Fgp-

Xp∂p'' (1 Xnsam. 3:15).

k -bpsS Hcp ]Xn-cq]w F∂ \nebv°v kXy-Øns‚

Xq¨ F∂Xv thZ-]p-kvXIw ]Tn∏n°p∂ k -Ifnep

≈h¿°v hfsc Xmev]cyap≈ hkvXp-X-bm-bn-cn-t°-

≠-XmWv. A‘-Imc \n_n-U-amb temI-Øn¬

kXysØ ImØp kwc-£n-t°-≠Xv ]tZ-inI k -

bv°p≈ DØc -hm-Zn-Ø-amWv (^n-en. 2:15 ImWp-I).

hN\w ]Tn-∏n-°pI F∂Xv k -bpsS ]c-a -]-[m-\-

amb IS-a-I-fn¬ H∂m-Ip-∂p.

III. km¿∆-XnI k -bpsS D¤hw

k -sb- Hcp `mhn-Ime ÿm]-\-am-bn- mWv aØm. 16:

18 ¬ I¿Ømhp ]kvXmhn®Xv ""Rm≥ Fs‚ k`sb

]Wnbpw.'' kI-e-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw H∂m-IWw F∂mWv

tbml. 17:11˛epw, 21-˛epw InkvXp ]m¿∞n-®Xv,

hnizmknIƒ F√mhcpw H∂mIWw F∂sX.

1 sImcn. 12:12˛13 ]Imcw InkvXphns‚ icocamIp∂


338

k`bn¬ sFIyX hcp∂Xv ]cnip≤mfl kv\m\Øm

emWv. AXpsIm≠v, ]cnip≤mflmhns‚, kv\m\w

\¬Ip∂ ipiqjbn¶emWv k`bpsS Bcw`w

Is≠ Øm≥ Ignbp∂Xv.

kphn-ti-j-ß-fn¬ BI-am\w ]cn-ip-≤mfl kv\m\

sØ Hcp `mhn Ime ]hr-Øn-bm-bn- mWv Ah-X-cn-∏n-

°p-∂Xv (]cn-ip-≤mfl imkvXw Im-WpI) kz¿§m-

tcm-lW ka-bØv I¿Ømhp ]d™Xv ""C\n Gsd-

\mƒ Ign-bpw-apsº'' (A-t∏m. ]h. 1:5). Bfl-kv\m\w

D≠mIpw F∂m-Wv. Bfl-kv\m\w kw -hn®p F∂pw

AXv ""BZn-bn¬'' Ah-cp-sS-taepw h∂p F∂pw

]sXmkv At∏m. 11:15˛ 16˛¬ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. BI-bm¬

k` cq]o-I-cn-°-s∏- Xv At∏m. ]h. 1:5 se kw -h-

ßƒ°p hfsc Ime-Øn\p tij-a-√, ]ns∂tbm

At∏m. ]h. 11:15˛16 se ka-b-Øn\p hfsc ap≥]mbn-

cp-∂p. IqSmsX k`m-ÿm-]-\-Øn¬ ]sXmkpw a‰p≈

At∏m-kvX-e-∑mcpw ]¶mfnIfp-am-bn-cp-∂p. BZysØ

Bflkv\m\kabambn sXfnhp ImWn°mhp∂

F√m tcJIfpw A. ]hr. 2˛mw A≤ymbØnse

s]¥t°mkvXp\mfnte°v hnc¬ Nq≠n \n¬°p∂p;

BbXn\m¬ k`bpsS D¬`hkabhpw AXpXs∂

sb∂p \n¿Æbn°mw.

IV. k` ssZh-Øns‚ AXnhninjvSamb \n¿ΩmWw

F∂ \nebn¬

A. bpK]T\Øns‚ ]m[m\yw

temIØnep≈ ssZhØns‚ ]hrØn hyXykvX

hyhÿIfmbn AYhm `cWIaßfmbn´mWv

\S∏nem°s∏´psIm≠ncn°p∂sX∂ Nn¥m[mc

]pe¿Øp∂ ho£WKXnbmWv bpK]c]T\w.

Ipsd°qsS sXfnabp≈ Hcp \n¿∆N\Øn\mbn,

]n∂oS v Cu ]T\w DZyan°p∂Xmbncn°pw.

ssZhnIImcy]cn]mSn Ipd™Xv aq∂p ][m\

bpKßfnembn´mWv(`cWIaßƒ) \n¿∆ln°s∏´p

h∂Xv F∂v efnXambn ka¿∞n°bmWv Cu

]T\Øns‚ Ct∏mgsØ e£ysa∂v ]d™psIm≈

s´. Ah:--:˛ \ymb]amWbpKw AYhm blqZaXk

ºZmbw; Ir]mbpKw AYhm k`mbpKw; cmPXzw

AYhm klkm_vZbpKw F∂nßs\bmWv.

bpK]camb ho£Ww kzoIcn°msX Xs∂

Hcmƒ°v hnizmkØns‚ ASnÿm\]amWßfn¬

bmYmÿnXnI\mbncn°m≥ Dd®p\n¬°m≥˛ Ignbp

sa∂Xv icnbmbncn°sh; ss__nfns\ kw_‘n®v

kaKhpw At\ym\y_‘Ønepap≈ Kmlyw bpK

]camb ]T\Øne[njvTnXamtb e`n°pIbp≈q

F∂Xpw kXyamWv. ASnÿm\kXyßsf∂ \ne

bn¬ ssZhØns‚ hyXykvX cWIaßsf°pdn®v

aXnbmb [mcWbn√msX Nn¥m°pg∏ap≈h¿

AXtØmfw ASnÿm\]ca√mØ D]tZiaWvUe

ßfnepw kmcXcamb A_≤ßƒ Dfhm°pw. DZml

cWambn k`mbpKØn¬ ]cnip≤mflmhp hyXykvX

ambn ]h¿Øn°p∂psh∂p Xncn®dnbmØh¿

eqt°m. 11:13˛mw hmIyw \mw ]cnip≤mflmhns\

]m]n°phm≥ A`bbmN\ Ignt® aXnbmhq F∂m

Wp ]Tn∏n°p∂sX∂p hnizkn°p∂p. F∂memI

s´, Cu hmIyw, \ymb]amWbpKØn≥ Iogn¬ Pohn

®ncp∂ injy∑msc kw_‘n®p≈XmWv; A∂v

F√m hnizmknIfnepw ]cnip≤mflm[nhmkw C√m

bncp∂p. ipiq-j-Isc ""]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿'' F∂p hnfn-

°p∂ k`mhn`m-K-ßƒ°v sblq-Za-Xhpw k`bpw

XΩn-ep≈ hyXym-k-sØ-°p-dn®v Bi-b-°p-g∏w D≠v.

tamsi-bpsS \ymb-]-am-W-Øn≥Io-gn¬ Hcp ]utcm-

lnXyw D≠m-bn-cp∂p. F∂m¬ Ir]m-b-Kp-Øn¬ kI-

e-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-c-sX. \ymb-]-am-W-

Øn≥Iogn¬; B hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v Hcp ]utcmlnXyw

D≠mbncp∂p. k`bn≥Iogntem hnizmknIƒXs∂

Hcp ]utcmlnXyw BIp∂p. CXp- Iq-SmsX; G‰hpw

]pd-Øp≈ Ccp-fn-te°p X≈n°fbpw F∂v kphn-

ti-j-ß-fn¬∏dbp∂ ""Zmk-∑m¿'' (D-Zm. aØm. 8:12;

25:30; eqt°m. 12:46, apX-em-bh) tami-bpsS \ymb-]-

am-W-Øn≥Io-gnse AhnizmknIfmb bnkmtbey

scbmWp kqNn∏n°p∂sX∂pw k`bnse hnizmknI

fmb Zmk∑mscbs√∂pw Xncn®dntb≠Xv ]ca][m

\amWv. C]Imcw c£bpsS \nXy`ZXsb∂ D]tZ

iØn¬ bmsXmcp hn´phogvNbv°pw Bhiyan√.

bpKßsf th¿Xncn®p a\ nem°p∂Xnep≈ ]cmP

b^eambn˛(]tXyIn®pw \ymb]amWw, k`; cmP

XzbpKßƒ XΩn¬˛) DfhmIp∂ ]niIpIƒ Nq≠n

°mWn°phm≥ ZrjvSm¥ßƒ°p ]n∂mse ZrjvSm

¥ßƒ \¬Iphm≥ Ignbpw.

B. bpK ]c]T\Øn\p≈ sXfnhv-

C∂v A£cm¿∞Øn¬ Hcp bmKarKhpambn k`bn

te°p hcmØ; AYhm ]\ac®n√Iƒ sIm≠p≈

IpSnepIfn¬ Xmakn®psIm≠v IqSmcs∏cp∂mƒ

BtLmjn°mØ GsXmcmfpw, Hcp kn≤m¥sa∂

\nebn¬ bpK]c]T\sØ \ntj[n®mepw ]hrØn

]cambn Abmƒ Hcp bpKhnizmkn Xs∂. Npcp°

Øn¬ ssZhw hnhn[ cWIaßfnepw coXnIfnepw

]h¿Øn®ph∂p F∂Xv sXfnhpkw_‘nbmbn

Dd∏mb \n¿Æbw Xs∂.


339

1. \ymb-]-amWw x Ir] AYhm blp-Z-aXw x k`

tamsi-bp-sS \ymb-]-am-W-Øn\p \o°w h∂-Xmbn

Xncp-sh-gpØp hy‡-am-°p-∂p. CXv Zp¿_-e-am-°-s∏-

Sp-Ibpw taem¬ hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v _m[-I-a√mXm-°-

s∏- n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. k -bp-ambn _‘-

s∏SpØn Ch-bn¬ GsX-¶nepw Hcp ]tXyI

hkvXpX Xncp-sh-gp-Øn¬ Bh¿Øn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-

¶n¬am-Xsa AXp hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p _m[-Iam-bn-cn°p-

∂p-≈q. AXp-sIm≠mWv taem¬ \ap°v hnip≤aµnc

tam ]utcmlnXytam bmKßtfm blqZaXmNmcß

tfm H∂pw C√mØXv.

tamsi-bpsS \ymb-]-am-WsØ Hgn-®p-\n¿Øn F∂p

]d-™m¬ AXn\p \miw kw -hn®p F∂√ (k-¶o.

119: 89; aØm. 5:17). k` \ybm-]-am-W-Øn\p Iogn¬

A√ F∂ncns°, CXn-\¿∞w \ymb-]-am-W-Øn\p

\miw kw -hn®p Ft∂m AYhm InkvXym-\n-Iƒ

]g-b-\n-b-asØ Ah-a-Xn-°p∂p Ft∂m A√. ssZh-

Øns‚ kz`mh hnti-j-X-Iƒ°p hyXymkw kw -

hn-°m-ØXp sIm≠v ssZhnI kz`m-h-sØ-°p-dn®p ]g-

b-\n-baw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-sX√mw Ct∏mgpw hne-a-Xn-

t°≠Xp Xs∂-bm-Ip∂p (K-em. 3: 6; bmt°m-_v. 1:17).

k`bv°pth≠n XncpshgpØpIfn¬, ]gb\nba

Øn¬\n∂pw B\bn°s∏ń´p≈ (AXmbXv Bh¿

Øn°s∏ń´p≈) kXyßƒ sXfnbn°p∂Xnt\m

]mtbmKnIm\p`hØnem°p∂Xnt\m ]gb\nba

hmIyßfpw ]gb\nbaIYIfpw D]tbmKn°mhp

∂XmWv (tdm-a. 15:4; 1 sImcn. 10:6 11:2; 2 Xn-sam. 3:16).

Ct∏mgpw tamsi-bpsS \ymb-]-amWw a\p-jys‚

]m]sØ sXfn-bn-°p∂p (tdm-a. 3:20; 1 Xnsam. 1:8).

\ymb-]-am-W-Øn¬, \nh¿Øn-°s∏ńń√mØ

[mcmfw ]h-N-\-ßƒ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xp IqSm-sX,

AXv hnPm-Xob kaq-l-ß-tfmSp≈ ssZhnI CS-s]-S-

ep-I-sf-°p-dn®v ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Ch-bv°p-

]-cn-bmbn ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ apgp k`bpw \njvI¿j

bmbn _‘n°s∏ńń√mØXpw F∂m¬ InkvXob

kzmX-¥ysØ kw_-‘n® taJ-e-I-fn¬ hy‡n-]-c-

amb t_m≤yw hf¿Øphm\p≈ tkmX- mbn D]-

I-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amb Bi-b-ßƒ ]gb\nbaØn¬

F√mbnSØpap≠v(D-Zm. Hcp km[p-hn-izm-kn-bn¬

\n∂pw ]eni hmßm-Xn-cn-°p-I). bpKßƒ hn`Pn®p

]Tn°p∂h¿, ]gb\nbasØ AhKWn°pIb√;

Ah¿ AXns\ tIhew IrXyXbn¬ D]tbmKn°pI

bmWv. ImWp-I, 1 Xnsam. 1:10 ""AXn-s\.....-\ym-tbm-

Nn-X-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-®m¬ \ymb-]-amWw \√Xp

Xs∂ F∂p \mw Adn-bp-∂p.''

\ymb-]-am-W-Øn¬ \n∂pw Ir]-bn-te°p≈ am‰w

Kln-°p-∂Xnep≈ ]nghv s]mdp-°m-hp-∂-X-√. CXv

]pXnb \nb-a-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\]c-amb D]-tZ-i-ß-

fn¬ H∂m-Ip-∂p.

\ymb-]-amWw tamsi apJm-¥ncw e`n-®p.

Ir]bpw kXyhpw tbip-InkvXp apJm-¥ncw

h∂p (tbm-l. 1:17).

\nßƒ \ymb-]-am-W-Øn-\-√, Ir]-bv°sX

A[o-\-cm-I-bm¬ ]m]w \nß-fn¬ I¿XrXzw

\S-Øp-I-bn-√-t√m(-tdm-a. 6:14).

AXp-sIm≠v ktlm-Z-c-∑m-sc, \mw ssZh-

Øn\p êw Imbv°p-amdv acn-®n v Dbn¿sØ-

gp-t∂-‰-h-\mb thsdm-cp-h∂p BtI-≠-Xn\p

\nßfpw InkvXp-hns‚ icocw apJm-¥ncw

\ymb-]-am-W-kw-_-‘-ambn acn-®n-cn-°p∂p

(tdm-a. 7:4).

hniz-kn-°p∂ Gh\pw \oXn e`n-∏m≥ InkXp

\ymb-]-am-W-Øns‚ Ah-km\w BIp∂p

(tdm-a. 10:4).

F∂m¬ I√n¬ A£-c-ambn sImØn-bn-

cp∂ ac-W-ip-iqj, \o°w hcp-∂-Xmb tamsi-

bpsS apJ-tX-P p\n-anØw, bnkm-tb¬a-

°ƒ°p Ahs‚ apJØp t\m°n°q-Sm-X-hÆw

tX p-≈-Xm-sb-¶n¬ Bflm-hns‚ ipiqj

A[nIw tXP- p-f-f-Xm-Ip-I-bn-√tbm? \o°w

hcp-∂Xp tXP- p-≈-Xm-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ \ne-\n-

ev°p-∂Xv FX A[nIw tXP- p-≈-Xm-bn-

cn°pw? (2 sImcn. 3:7, 8, 11).

Aßs\ \mw hnizm-k-Øm¬ \oXo-I-cn-°-s∏-

tS-≠-Xn\v \ybm-]-amWw InkvXp-hns‚ ASp-

°-te°p \S-Øp-hm≥ \ap°p inip-]m-e-I-

\mbn `hn-®p. hnizmkw h∂ tijtam \mw

C\n inip -]m -e -Is‚ Iogn¬ A√

(K-em. 3:24, 25).

""N´ßfpw Iev]\Ifpamb \ymb]amWw

F∂ iXpXzw Xs‚ PUØm¬ \o°n (th¿

∏mSns‚ \Sp®ph¿ CSn®pIf™p) kam[m\w

D≠m°ns°m≠v Ccp]£sØbpw X∂n¬

Hcp ]pXpa\pjy\m°n krjvSn®p. . . . ''

(Fs^. 2:14- 16).

AXn-I-a-ßƒ Hs°bpw \tΩmSp £an®p N -

ß-fm¬ \ap°p hntcm-[hpw ]Xn-Iq-e-hp-am-

bn-cp∂ IsøgpØp ambn®p Iqin¬ Xsd®p

\Sp-hn¬ \n∂p \o°n-°-f-™p (sIm-sem. 2˛14).


340

tehy-]u-tcm-ln-Xy-Øm¬ kºq¿ÆX hs∂-

¶n¬˛AXn≥Io-gt√m P\w \ymb-]amWw

]m]n-®-Xp˛ Al-tcms‚ Ia]Imcw F∂p

]d-bmsX aev°n-sk-tZ-°ns‚ Ia-]-Imcw

thsdmcp ]ptcm-ln-X≥ hcp-hm≥ Fs¥m-cm-

hiyw? ]utcm-lnXyw amdn-t∏m-Ip∂ ]£w

\ymb-]-am-W-Øn\pw IqsS am‰w hcp-hm≥

Bh-iyw. F∂m¬ CXp Bsc-°p-dn®p ]d-

™n-cn-°p-∂pthm Ah≥ thsdmcp tKmX-Øn-

ep≈h≥; B tKmXØn¬ Bcpw bmK]oT

Øn¶¬ ipiqj sNbvXnń√. blqZbn¬

\n∂p \ΩpsS I¿Ømhp DZn®p F∂p kv]

jvSat√m. B tKmXØn¬ tamsi ]utcm-

lnXyw kw_-‘n®p H∂pw Iev∏n-®n- n√; PU-

kw-_-‘-amb Iev]-\-bpsS ]am-WØm¬

A√, Agn-™p-t]m-ImØ Pohs‚ i‡n-bm¬

Df-hmb thsd Hcp ]ptcm-ln-X≥ aev°n-sk-

tZ-°n\p kZr-iy-\mbn DZn-°p∂p F¶n¬ AXp

G‰hpw A[nIw sXfn-bp-∂p. \o aev°o-sk-

tZ-°ns‚ Ia-]-Imcw Ft∂°pw ]ptcm-ln-X≥

F∂t√m km£o-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xp apºne

sØ Iev]\ °p AXns‚ _elo\Xbpw

\njv]tbmP\hpw \nanØw \o°hpw \mw

ssZhtØmSv ASp°p∂Xn\p≈ Gsd \√

]Xymibv°p ÿm]\hpw h∂ncn°p∂p. \ym

b]amWØm¬ H∂pw ]q¿Øn ]m]n®nń √

t√m..... hn-ti-ta-dnb \nb-a-Øn\p tbip

DØ - c - h m - Z n - b mb nØo¿∂ n - c n -° p -∂ p

(F-_m. 7:11˛19, 22).

H∂m-asØ \nbaw Ipd-hn-√m-Ø-Xm-bn-cp∂p

F¶n¬ c≠m-a-tØ-Xn\p CSw At\z-jn-°-bn-

√m-bn-cp-∂p. ]pXn-bXp F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xn-\m¬

BZy-tØ-Xns\ ]g-b-Xm-°n-bn -cn -°p∂p;

F∂m¬ ]g-b-Xm-Ip-∂Xpw Po¿Æn-®n-cn-°p-

∂Xpw F√mw \oßn-t∏m-Iphm≥ ASp-Øn-cn-

°p∂p (F-_m. 8:7, 13).

2. hcphm≥ t]mIp∂ cmPyw

Hcp hy‡n thZ-]p-kvXIw hmbn-°p-Ibpw bnkm-

tb¬ cmjvSw tIµ-am°n Hcp `mhn ùanI cmPyw

AXv hmKvZØw sNøp∂p F∂v hniz-kn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXm¬ AXv hfsc B›-cy-I-c-am-Wv.

\n¿Æm-b-I-am-b-Xnt\°mƒ A[nIw sXfn-hp-I-fmWv

ssZh-h-N-\-Øn-ep-≈-Xv. ssZhw c-W-kw-hn-[m-\-ßƒ

\ymb-]-am-W-Øn¬ \n∂pw k`-bn-te°v am‰n.

amXa√, ssZhw k`sb B[mcam°nbp≈Hcp

`cWkwhn[m\w F∂ \nebn¬ \n∂pw Hcp Znhkw

AXns\ Hcp cmjvS˛cmPXzØnte°v am‰pw.

sbcpitean¬ ZmhoZns‚ knwlmk\Ønencp∂v

`cWw \SØp∂ InkvXphns‚ cmPXzambncn°pw

AXv.

]e-kvXo≥ \mSv A_-lm-ans‚ k¥-Xnbv°v \nXy-

ambn Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-sW∂v ssZhw hmKvZØw

sNbvXp. BZna hmKvZm\Ønepw XpS¿∂p≈ \q‰m-

≠p-I-fn¬ Bh¿Øn®pd∏n°p∂ hmKvZØßfnepw

imizXambn AYhm \nXyambn F∂ hm°v

h∂ps]Sp∂p≠v. A_-lm-ans‚ k¥-Xnbv°v Hcp

tZiw \¬Ipsa∂ Cu hmKvZØw ]men-°-s∏-t´

aXnbmIq. bnkm-tb-en\v Hcp cmPyw D≠mhpI

Xs∂ sNøpw-.

\o ImWp∂ `qan Hs°bpw Rm≥ \n\°p

Xcpw. \n\°pw \ns‚ k¥-Xn°pw imiz-X-

ambn Xcpw (D-ev]. 13:15).

Rm≥ \n\°pw \ns‚ -tijw \ns‚ k¥-

Xn°pw ssZh-am -bn -cn -t°-≠-Xn\p Rm≥

F\n°pw \n\°pw \ns‚ tijw Xe-ap-d- X-e-

ap-d-bmbn \ns‚ k¥-Xn°pw at≤y Fs‚ \nb-

asØ \nXy-\n -b-a -ambn ÿm]n -°pw

(D-ev]. 17:7, 19).

A_-lm-ant\mSp Ah≥ sNbvX \nb-ahpw

bnkvlm-°n-t\mSp sNbvX kXyhpw Xs∂;

AXns\ Ah≥ bmt°m-_n\p Hcp ]am-W-

ambpw bnkm-tb-en-s\mcp imiz-X -\n-b-a-

ambpw Dd-∏n-®p (1 Zn\. 16:16˛17).

""Ah≥ Xs‚ \nbasØ Ft∂°pw Xm≥

Iev]n® hN\sØ Bbncw Xeapdtbmfw

Hm¿°p∂p. Ah≥ A_lmant\mSp sNbvX

\nbahpw bnkvlm°nt\mSp sNbvX kXyhpw

Xs∂. AXns\ Ah≥ bmt°m_n\p Hcp

Námbpw bnkmtben\v Hcp \nXy\nbaambpw

\nban®p'' (k¶o. 105:8˛10).

F¶nepw \ns‚ bu∆\ImeØv \nt∂mSp≈

Fs‚ \nbaw(A_lmant\mtSm tamitbm

tSm sNbvXXv) Rm≥ Hm¿Øp Hcp imizX\n

baw \nt∂mSp sNøpw. \ns‚ tPyjvTØnam

cpw A\pPØnamcpamb ktlmZcnamsc \o

sIms°m≈ptºmƒ, A∂p \o \ns‚ hgnIsf

Hm¿Øp \mWn°pw. Rm≥ Ahsc \n\°p

]pXnamcmbn Xcpw; \ns‚ \nba]Imca√Xm

\pw. \o sNbvXsXms°bpw Rm≥ \nt∂mSp

£an°ptºmƒ \o Hm¿Øp e÷n®p \mWw

\nanØw C\n Hcn°epw hmbv Xpd°mXncnt°


341

≠Xn∂p Rm≥ \nt∂mSp Fs‚ \nbaw

sNøpw. Rm≥ btlmh F∂p \o Adnbpw

F∂p btlmhbmb I¿Ømhns‚ Acpf∏mSv

(sbsl. 16:60˛63).

Fs‚ Zmk-\mb bmt°m-_n\p Rm≥ sImSp-

ØXpw \nß-fpsS ]nXm-°-∑m¿ ]m¿Øn-cp-

∂Xpw Bb tZiØp Ah¿ ]m¿°pw; Rm≥

Ah-tcmSp Hcp kam-[m\ \nbaw sNøpw. AXp

Ah¿°p Hcp imiz-X-\n-baw Bbn-cn°pw;

Rm≥ Ahsc Dd-∏n®p s]cp°n Ah-cpsS \Sp-

hn¬ Fs‚ hnip≤ aµn-csØ kZm-Im-e-

tØ°pw ÿm]n°pw (sb-sl. 37:25˛26).

Rm≥ ]d-bp-∂-Xns‚ Xmev]-cytam; \m\q-‰n-ap-

∏Xp B≠p Ign-™n v D≠mb \ymb-]-amWw

hmKvZ-Ø-sØ- \o-°p-hm≥ X°hÆw AXv

ssZhw apºv Dd∏m°nb \nbasØ Zp¿∫-e-

am-°p-∂n-√ (K-em. 3:17).

ssZhw A_-lm-an-t\mSp hmKvZØw sNøp-

tºmƒ Xs∂°mƒ hen-bh-s\-s°m≠p

kXyw -sN-bvhm≥ C√m-™n´p Xs∂s°m≠p

Xs∂ -kXyw sNbvXp AXpsIm≠v ssZhw

hmKvZØØns‚ AhIminIƒ°v Xs‚

BtemN\ amdmØXv F∂v A[nIw kv]jvS

ambn ImWn∏m≥ C—n®p Hcp BWbmepw

Dd∏psImSpØp. Aßs\ \ΩpsS apºn¬sh

®p´p≈ ]Xymi ]nSn®psImƒhm≥ icWØn

∂mbn HmSnh∂ \mw amdnt∏mImØXpw

ssZhØn\v t`mjvIv ]dbm≥ IgnbmØpamb

c≠v Imcyßfm¬ i‡nbp≈ ]t_m[\w

]m]n∏m≥ CS hcp∂p (F-_m. 13:13, 17˛18).

Zmho-Zns‚ k¥-Xn°v `cn-°p-h-\p≈ Hcp Ah-Imiw

D≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw Imem¥tc bnkm-tbens\ B

k¥Xn Ft∂°pw `cn-°p-sa∂pw ssZhw Zmho-Zn-

t\mSv hmKvZØw sNbvXp. F¶nepw Zmho-Zns‚

k¥nIƒ ]hmkw apX¬ bnkmtbent∑¬ `cWw

\SØnbn´n√.(sl-tcm-Zm-cm-Pmhv ZmhoZyhwiØn¬

s]´ht\m icn°v blqZ≥t]meptam A√mbncp∂p

F∂v Hm¿°pI) Ft∂°pap≈ Hcp knwlmk\w

ZmhoZns‚ ]pX\v hmKvZØw sNbvXncn°p∂Xv

BXy¥nIambn tbipInkvXphn¬ \nh¿Øn°s∏

t´ aXnbmhq. A£-cm¿∞-Øn¬ Zmho-Zns‚ cmPy-

Øn¬ `cn-°p-hm-\m-bn v Ah≥ Hcp Znhkw hcpw.

AXv, shfn. 20:4˛6 hsc hmIy-Øn¬ ]cm-a¿in-®n-cn-

°p∂p. 1000 h¿jw \o≠ `c-W-am-bn-cn°pw (AXp

sIm≠v AXns\ klkm_vZhmgvN F∂v t]¿

]dbp∂p). amXa√, Cu Ime-L´w \nXy-X-bmbn ]cn

K-Wn-°mw. ImcWw Bbn-c-am≠v hmgv® \nXymhÿ

bnte°v ebn®ptNcp∂XmWv. Cu BibØnemWv

Bbncam≠phmgvNtbbpw \nXyXtbmSv tN¿Øv

Nn¥n°p∂Xv. Zmho-Zn\v sImSpØ bYm¿∞ hmKvZ

Øw \nXy-X-bp-ambn _‘-s∏-SpØn ]km-Xn-h-®n-

´p≠v. A_-lm-ay DS-º-Sn -t]mseXs∂ ZmhoZyDS-

º-Sn-bpw am‰w hcpØm\mhmØXpw \nXykz`mhap≈

XmsW∂pw XncpshgpØnepS\ofw Bh¿Øn®p

ÿncoIcn®n´p≠v. - mhn-bn¬ k`m-bpKw Ah-km-\n-

°p-Ibpw cmPXzw AYhm klkm_vZbpKw Bcw`n

°pIbpw sNøpw.

\ns‚ DZ-c-Øn¬ \n∂p ]pd-s∏-Sp-hm-\n-cn-°p∂

k¥-Xnsb \ns‚ Bbp-jv°mew XnI-™n´p

\ns‚ ]nXm-°-∑m-tcm-Sp-IqsS \o \nZ-sIm-≈p-

tºmƒ Rm≥ \n\°p ]n¥p-S¿®-bmbn ÿnc-

s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw Ahs‚ cmPXzw Dd-∏m-°p-

Ibpw sNøpw. Ah≥ Fs‚ \ma-Øn\p Hcp

Bebw ]Wn-bpw. Rm≥ Ahs‚ cmP-Xz-

Øns‚ knwlm-k\w Ft∂°pw ÿnc-am-

°pw. Rm≥ Ah\p ]nXmhpw Ah≥ F\n°p

]pX\pw Bbn-cn-°pw. Ah≥ Ip‰w sNbvXm¬

Rm≥ Ahs\ a\p-jy-cpsS hSn-sIm≠pw a\p-

jy-]p-X-∑m-cpsS ASn-sIm≠pw in£n-°pw.

F¶nepw \ns‚ apºn¬ \n∂p Rm≥ X≈n-

°f™ iuen-¶¬ \n∂p Rm≥ Fs‚ Zb

\o°n-b-Xp-t]mse AXv Ah¶¬ \n∂p \oßn-

t∏m-I-bn-√. \ns‚ Krlhpw \ns‚ cmP-Xzhpw

Fs‚ apºmsI Ft∂°pw ÿnc-am-bn-cn-

°pw. \ns‚ knwlm-k-\hpw Ft∂°pw Dsd®n-

cn-°pw (2 iap. 7:12˛16).

Fs‚ hrX-t\mSp Rm≥ Hcp \nb-ahpw Fs‚

Zmk-\mb Zmho-Zn-t\mSv kXyhpw sNbvXn-cn-

°p-∂p. \ns‚ k¥-Xnsb Rm≥ Ft∂°pw

ÿnc-s∏-Sp-Øpw. \ns‚ knwlm-k-\sØ Xe-

apd Xe-ap-d-tbmfw Dd-∏n-°pw(k-¶o. 89:3˛ 4).

Rm≥ Ah\v Fs‚ Zbsb Ft∂°pw ImWn-

°pw . Fs‚ \nbaw Ah\p ÿnc-ambn

\nev°pw; Rm≥ Ahs‚ k¥-Xnsb imiz-X-

ambpw Ahs‚ knwlm-k-\sØ BIm-iap≈

Ime-tØmfhpw \ne-\n¿Øpw (k-¶o. 89: 28˛29).

F¶nepw Fs‚ Zbsb Rm≥ Ah-¶¬ \n∂p

\o°n-°-f-bp-I-bn-√. Fs‚ hniz-kvX-Xbv°p

`wKw hcp-Øp-I-bn-√. Rm≥ Fs‚ \nb-asØ

ewLn-°p-Itbm Fs‚ A[-c-ß-fn¬ \n∂p

]pd-s∏- -Xn\p t`Zwh-cp-Øp-Itbm sNøp-I-bn√.

Rm≥ Hcn-°¬ Fs‚ hnip-≤nsbsIm≠p


342

kXyw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. Zmho-Zn-t\mSv Rm≥

t`mjv°p ]d-bp-I-bn√, Ahs‚ k¥Xn imiz-

X -ambpw Ahs‚ knwlm-k\w Fs‚

apºmsI kqcy-s\-t∏m-sebpw Ccn-°pw. AXp

Nµ-s\-t∏m-sebpw BIm-i-Ønse hnizkvX

km£n-sb-t∏m-sebpw Ft∂°pw ÿnc-am-bn-

cn-°pw (k-¶o. 89:33˛37).

\nßƒ sNhn Nmbn®v Fs‚ ASp-°¬ hcp-

hn≥; \nßƒ°p Poh-\p-≠m-tI-≠-Xn\v tI´p-

sImƒhn≥; Zmho-Zns‚ \n›-e-Ir-]-Iƒ F∂

Hcp imiz-X-\n-baw Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp sNøpw

(sb-»-ømhv 55:3).

A∂p Rm≥ Ah-s‚ \pIw \ns‚ Igp-Øn¬

\n∂p HSn®p _‘-\-ßsf Adp-Øp-I-fbpw.

A\y-∑m¿ C\n Ah-s\-s°m≠p tkh sNøn-

°p-I-bp-an√ F∂p ssk\y-ß-fpsS btlm-h-

bpsS Acp-f-∏mSv; Ah¿ Xß-fpsS ssZh-amb

btlm-h-sbbpw Rm≥ Ah¿°p Fgp-t∂-ev∏n-

∏m-\p≈ cmPm-hmb Zmho-Zn-s\bpw tkhn°pw

(bnc. 30:8,9).

Cu hn[-Øn¬ bnkm-tb¬ a°ƒ _lp-Imew

cmPm-hn-√m-sXbpw ]`p-hn-√m-sXbpw bmK-an-√m-

sXbpw ]Xn-jvT-bn-√m-sXbpw Gt^mZn√m-

sXbpw Krl-_nw-_-an-√m-sXbpw Ccn-°pw.

]ns∂-tØ-Xn¬ bnkm-tb¬ a°ƒ Xncn™v

Xß-fpsS ssZh-amb btlm-h-sbbpw Xß-fpsS

cmPm-hmb Zmho-Zn-s\bpw At\z-jn-°pw. mhn-

Im-eØv Ah¿ `b-s∏- p-sIm≠p btlm-h-bn-

¶-te°pw Ahs‚ \∑-bn -te°pw hcpw

(tlm-i. 3:4˛5).

Ah¿ GtZm-an¬ tijn-®n-cn-°p-∂-h-cp-sSbpw

Fs‚ \maw hnfn-°-s∏-Sp∂ kIe PmXn-I-fp-

sSbpw tZisØ ssIh-i-am-t°-≠-Xn\v hoWp-

t]mb Zmho-Zn≥ IqSm-csØ Rm≥ A∂m-fn¬

\nh¿Øp-Ibpw AXns‚ ]nf¿∏p-Isf AS-

bv°p-Ibpw Ahs‚ CSn-hp-Isf Xo¿°p-Ibpw

AXns\ ]pcm-X-\-Im-e-Øn-se-∂-t]mse ]Wn-

bp-Ibpw sNøpw F∂m-Ip∂p CXv A\p-jvTn-

°p∂ btlm-h-bpsS Acp-f-∏mSv (B-tamkv 9:11).

]g-b-\n-ba ]hm-N-I-∑mcpw bnkm-tb-en-t\mSp sNøp-

hm-\p≈ Hcp ]pXnb DS-º-Sn-sb-°p-dn®v kwkm-cn-®n-

cn-°p-∂p. Cu ]pXnb DS-ºSn InkvXp-hns‚ c‡-

Øn¬ ASn-ÿm-\-s∏-´-XmWv (a-Øm. 26:28). CXv

k`sb kw_-‘n®v ]m_-ey-Øn-em-bn- p-≠v. F∂m¬

bnkm-tb¬ cmjvS -Øn\pw HSp -hn -embn

]m_eyØn¬ hcpw (F-_m. 8:7˛13 hsc t\m°pI).

]pXnb DS-ºSn hyh-ÿ-Iƒ C√m-Ø-Xm-Wv. CXv Hcn-

°epw ewLn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. C]Imcw CXv

bnkm-tb-en\v Hcp mhnsb Dd-∏m-°p-∂p. k`m cWw

amdn Hcp cmPy-`-cWw Bcw-`n-°p-sa∂p A¿∞-

amIp∂p.

Rm≥ bnkm-tb¬ Krl-tØmSpw blqZmKrl-

tØmSpw ]pXn-sbmcp \nbaw sNøp∂ Imew

hcpw F∂p btlm-h-bpsS Acp-f-∏m-Sv. Rm≥

Ah-cpsS ]nXm-°-∑msc ssIbv°p ]nSn®v

ankbnw tZiØp \n∂p sIm≠p-h∂ \mfn¬

Rm≥ Ah-tcmSp sNbvX- \n-baw t]mse A√;

Rm≥ Ah¿°p `¿Øm-hm-bn-cp-∂n´pw Ah¿

Fs‚ \nbaw ewLn-®p-I-f™p F∂p btlm-

h-bpsS Acp-f-∏mSv; F∂m¬ Cu Imew Ign-

™-tijw Rm≥ bnkm-tb¬ Krl-tØmSp

sNbvhm-\n-cn-°p∂ \nbaw Cß-s\-bm-Ip-∂p:˛

Rm≥ Fs‚ \ymb-]-amWw Ah-cpsS D≈n¬

B°n Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ FgpXpw; Rm≥

Ah¿°p ssZh-ambpw Ah¿ F\n°p P\-

ambpw Ccn°pw F∂p btlm-h-bpsS Acp-f-

∏mSv; C\n Bcpw Ah≥ Xs‚ Iq´p-Im-c-s\bpw

Xs‚ ktlm-Z-c-s\bpw btlmhsb AdnI

F∂p D]-tZ-in-°p-I-bn-√. Ah¿ B_m-e-hr≤w

F√m-hcpw Fs∂ Adnbpw Rm≥ Ah-cpsS

AIrXyw tamNn°pw; Ah-cpsS ]m]w C\n

Hm¿°-bn√ F∂p btlm-h-bpsS Acp-f-∏mSv;

kqcys\ ]I¬ shfn-®-Øn\pw Nµ-s‚bpw

\£-X-ß-fp-sSbpw hyh-ÿsb cmXn shfn-

®-Øn\pw \nb-an-®n-cn-°p-∂-h\pw IS-ense Xnc-

Iƒ Ae-dp-hm≥ X°-hÆw ssk\y-ß-fpsS

btlmh F∂p \ma-ap-≈-h-\p-amb btlmh

C]-Imcw Acp-fn-sN-øp∂p: Cu hyhÿ

Fs‚ apºn¬ \n∂p amdn-t∏m-Ip-∂p-sh-¶n¬

bnkm-tb¬ k¥-Xnbpw kZm-Imew Fs‚

apºn¬ Hcp PmXn-bm-Im-sX-hÆw apSn-™p-

t]m-Ip-sa∂p btlm-h-bpsS Acp-f-∏mSv; btlm-

h C]-Imcw Acp-fn-sN-øp∂p; aosX BIm-

isØ Af-°p-hm\pw Xmsg `qan-bpsS ASn-

ÿm-\-ßsf tim[\ sNøp-hm\pw Ign-bp-

sa-¶n¬, Rm\pw bnkm-tb¬ k¥-Xn-sb-

Hs°bpw Ah¿ sNbvX kI-ehpw \nanØw

X≈n-°-fbpw F∂p btlm-h-bpsS Acp-f-∏mSv

(bn-sc-aymhv 31:31˛37).

Rm≥ Ahsc hn´p-]n-cn-bmsX Ah¿°p \∑

sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn°pw F∂n-ßs\ Rm≥ Ah-

tcmSp Hcp imiz-X-\n-baw sNøpw Ah¿


343

Fs∂ hn´p-am-dm-sX-bn-cn-∏m≥ F¶-ep≈ `‡n

Rm≥ Ah-cpsS lrZ -b-Øn¬ B°pw

(bn-sc. 32:40).

Rm≥ \nßsf PmXn-I-fpsS CS-bn¬ \n∂p

Iq´n kIe tZi-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw \nßsf

tiJ-cn®p kz¥ tZi-tØ°p hcp-Øpw.

Rm≥ \nß-fpsS ta¬ \n¿Ωe Pew Xfn°pw

\nßƒ \n¿Ω-e-cmbn Xocpw, Rm≥ \nß-fpsS

kIe aen-\-X-sbbpw kIe hnK-l-ß-sfbpw

\o°n \nßsf \n¿Ω-eo-I-cn -°pw. Rm≥

\nßƒ°p ]pXn-sbmcp lrZbw Xcpw; ]pXn-

sbmcp Bflm-hns\ Rm≥ \nß-fpsS D≈n¬

B°pw; I√mbp≈ lrZbw Rm≥ \nß-fpsS

PU-Øn¬ \n∂p \o°n amwk-am-bp≈ lrZbw

\nßƒ°p Xcpw (sb-sl. 36:24˛26).

AXp-sIm≠p \o ]h-Nn®p Ah-tcmSp ]d-tb-

≠Xp: btlm-h-bmb I¿Ømhp C]-Imcw

Acp -fn -s®-øp∂p: ""Fs‚ P\sa Rm≥

\nßfpsS ih-°pgn Xpd∂p \nßsf ih-

°p-gn-bn¬ \n∂p Ib‰n bnkm-tb¬ tZi-

tØ°p sIm≠p-t]mIpw. Aßs\ Fs‚

P\ta Rm≥ \nß-fpsS ih-°pgn Xpd∂p

\nßsf ih-°p-gn-bn¬\n∂p Ib-‰p-tºmƒ

Rm≥ btlmh F∂p \nßƒ Adnbpw.

\nßƒ Pohn-t°-≠-Xn\p Rm≥ Fs‚ Bflm-

hns\ \nß-fn¬ B°pw; Rm≥ \nßsf kztZ-

iØp ]m¿∏n-°pw; btlm-h-bmb Rm≥ Acp-

fn -sN-bvXp \nh¿Øn-®p-an -cn -°p∂p F∂p

\nßƒ Adnbpw F∂p btlm-h-bpsS Acp-f-

∏mSv (sb-sl. 37:12˛14).

""Rm≥ AhtcmSv Hcp kam[m\\nbaw sN

øpw; AXv Ah¿°v Hcp imizX\nbaambncn

°pw; Rm≥ Ahsc Dd∏n®p s]cp°n Ahcp

sS \Sphn¬ Fs‚ hnip≤aµncsØ kZm

ImetØ°pw ÿm]n°pw'' (sbsl. 37:26).

(sbslkvt°¬ 37˛se Cu kqN\, 36˛mw

A≤ymbØnep≈ kqN\Ifpw, bnkmtbent\mSv

kΩXn∏n®pd∏n® ]pXnb DSºSnsb kw_‘n

®p≈XmsW∂p sXfnbn°phm≥ klmbIamWv).

temIamkIeap≈Xpw kpÿnchpamb Hcp cmPXz

Øns‚ tIµw bnkmtb¬ Bbncn°psa∂v ]gb\n

baw hmKvZØw sNøp∂p. ssZhw t`mjvIp ]dbp∂h

\msW∂pw Xs‚ hmKvZØw \nh¿Øn∏m≥ Ai‡

\msW∂pw \ap°p hnizmkn°m\mhmØnStØmfw

bnkmtben\pth≠n Hcp mhn cmPXzw Bk∂ambn

F∂v \mw AwKoIcnt® aXnbmhq(bnc. 31:3 IqsS

t\m°pI).

A¥y-Im-eØp btlm-h-bpsS Be-b-ap≈

]¿∆Xw ]¿∆-X-ß-fpsS inJ-c-Øn¬ ÿm]n-

Xhpw Ip∂p-Iƒ°p aosX D∂-Xhpw Bbn-cn-

°pw. kIe PmXn-Ifpw AXn-te°p Hgp-In-

sN-√pw. At\I hwi-ßfpw sN∂p: hcp-hn≥,

\ap°p btlm-h-bpsS ]¿∆-X-Øn-te°p

bmt°m-_n≥ ssZh-Øns‚ Be-b-Øn-te°p

Ib-dn-s®√mw. Ah≥ \ap°p Xs‚ hgn-Isf

D]-tZ-in®p Xcn-Ibpw \mw Ahs‚ ]mX-I-fn¬

\S-°p-Ibpw sNøpw F∂p ]d-bpw. kotbm-

\n¬ \n∂p D]-tZ-ihpw bcp-i-te-an¬ \n∂p

btlm-h-bpsS hN-\hpw ]pd-s∏-Spw. Ah≥

PmXn-I-fpsS CS-bn¬ \ymbw hn[n-°p-Ibpw

_lp-hw-i-ßƒ°p hn[n Iev∏n-°p-Ibpw

sNøpw. Ah¿ Xß-fpsS hmfp-Isf sImgp-°-

fmbpw Ip¥-ßsf hm°-Øn-I-fmbpw ASn-®p-

Xo¿°pw; PmXn PmXn°p t\sc hmtfm-ßp-

I-bn-√. Ah¿ C\n bp≤w A`y-kn-°p-I-bp-

an-√ (sb-i. 2:2˛4).

PmXn-Iƒ \ns‚ ]Im-i-Øn-te°pw cmPm-°-

∑m¿ \ns‚ DZ-b-tim-` -bn -te°pw hcpw.

At∏mƒ \o I≠p tim`n-°pw. \ns‚ lrZbw

]nS®p hnI-kn°pw. kap-Z-Øns‚ [\w

\ns‚ ASp-°¬ tNcpw PmXn-I-fpsS kºØv

\ns‚ ASp-°¬ hcpw (sb-i-ømhv 60:3, 5).

A\y-Pm-Xn-°m¿ \ns‚ aXn-ep-Isf ]Wnbpw;

Ah-cpsS cmPm-°-∑m¿ \n\°p ipiq-j-

sNøpw; Fs‚ tIm[-Øn¬ Rm≥ \ns∂

ASn®p F¶nepw Fs‚ ]oXn-bn¬ F\n°p

\nt∂mSp IcpW tXm∂pw. PmXn-I-fpsS kº-

Øn-s\bpw bmXm-kw-L-Øn¬ Ah-cpsS cmPm-

°-∑m-scbpw \ns‚ ASp-°¬ sIm≠p-h-tc-

≠-Xn\v \ns‚ hmXn-ep-Iƒ cmhpw ]Iepw AS-

bv°-s∏-SmsX F√m-bvt∏mgpw Xpd-∂n-cn-°pw

(sb»-ømhv 60:10, 11).

\o PmXn-I-fpsS ]m¬ IpSn°pw; cmPm-°-∑m-

cpsS ape IpSn-°pw. btlmhbmb Rm≥ \ns‚

c£-I≥ F∂pw bmt°m-_ns‚ h√- ≥ \ns‚

hos≠-Sp-∏p-Im-c≥ F∂pw \o Adnbpw; Rm≥

Xma-Øn\p ]Icw kz¿Æw hcpØpw Ccp-

ºn\p ]Icw sh≈nbpw ac-Øn\p ]Icw

Xmahpw I√n\p ]Icw Ccpºpw hcpØpw;

Rm≥ kam-[m-\-sØ \n\°p \mb-I-∑mcpw

\oXn-sb \n\°p A[n-]-Xn-amcpw B°pw. C\n


344

\ns‚ tZiØp kml-khpw \ns‚ AXn-cn-

\-IØp iq\yhpw \mihpw tIƒ°p-I-bn-√.

\ns‚ aXn-ep-Iƒ°v c£ F∂pw \ns‚ hmXn-

ep-Iƒ°v kvXpXn F∂pw \o t]¿ ]dbpw; C\n

]I¬ t\cØp \ns‚ shfn®w kqcy-\√;

\n\°p \nem-sh´w Xcp-∂Xv Nµ-\p-a√.

btlmh \n\°p \nXy-]-Im-ihpw \ns‚

ssZhw \ns‚ tXP pw BIp-∂p. \ns‚

kqcy≥ C\n AkvX-an-°p-I-bn√. \ns‚ Nµ≥

ad-™p-t]m-I-bp-an√; btlmh \ns‚ \nXy-]-

Im-i-am-bn-cn-°pw. \ns‚ Zp:JImew Xo¿∂p-

t]m-Ipw. \ns‚ P\-sam-s°bpw \oXn-am-∑m-

cmIpw; Rm≥ al-Xz-s∏-tS-≠-Xn\p Fs‚ \Sp-

X-e-bpsS apfbpw Fs‚ ssII-fpsS ]hr-Øn-

bp-am-bn v Ah¿ tZisØ kZm-Im-e-tØ°pw

ssIh-i-am-°pw (sb-»-ømhv 60:16˛21).

\nßtfm btlm-h-bpsS ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿ F∂p

hnfn-°-s∏-Spw. \ΩpsS ssZh-Øns‚ ipiq-j-

I-∑m¿ F∂pw \nßƒ°p- t]-cmIpw ; \nßƒ

PmXn-I-fpsS kºØv A\p- -hn®p, Ah-cpsS

al-Xz -Øn\v Ah-Im -in -I -fm -bn -Øo-cpw

(sbi-ømhv 61:6).

sbcq-i-te-ta, Rm≥ \ns‚ aXn-ep-I-fn¬ta¬

Imh¬°msc B°n-bn-cn-°p∂p; Ah¿ cmthm

]Item Hcn-°epw an≠m-sX-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√.

btlm-hsb Hm¿∏n-°p-∂-hsc, \nßƒ kzÿ-

am-bn-cn-°-cp-Xv. Ah≥ sbcp-i-te-ans\ bYm-

ÿm-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-thm-fhpw `qan-bn¬ AXns\

]iwkm hnj-bw B°p-thm-fhpw

Ah\p kzÿX sImSp -°p-I-bp -a -cp -Xv

(sb-i-ømhv 62: 6˛7).

B ImeØv bcq-i-te-an\v btlm-h-bpsS

knwlm-k\w F∂p t]cmIpw. kIe PmXn-

Ifpw Ahn-tS°p, bcq-i-te-an-te°p Xs∂,

btlm-h-bpsS \maw \nanØw h∂p tNcpw;

Xß-fpsS ZpjvS lrZ-b-Øns‚ imTy-]-Imcw

C\n \S-°p-I-bp-an-√ (bn-sc. 3:17).

A¥y-Im-eØp btlm-hbpsS Bebw D≈

]¿∆Xw ]¿∆-X-Øns‚ inJ-c-Øn¬ ÿm]n-

Xhpw Ip∂p-Iƒ°p aosX D∂-Xhpw Bbn-cn-

°pw.-Pm-Xn-Iƒ AXn-te°p HgpIns®√pw.

At\Iw hwi-ßfpw sN∂p: hcp-hn≥, \ap°p

btlm-h-bpsS ]¿∆-X-Øn-te°pw bmt°m-_n≥

ssZh-Øns‚ Be-b-Øn-te°pw Ib-dn-s®√mw

Ah≥ \ap°p Xs‚ hgn-Isf D]-tZ-in®p Xcn-

Ibpw \mw Ah-s‚-]m-X-I-fn¬ \S-°p-Ibpw

sNøpw F∂p ]d-bpw. kotbm-\n¬ \n∂p D]-

tZ-ihpw bcq-i-te-an¬ \n∂p btlm-h-bpsS hN-

\hpw ]pd-s∏-Spw. Ah≥ At\I PmXn-I-fpsS

CS-bn¬ \ymbw hn[n-°p-Ibpw _lp-hw-i-

ßƒ°p Zqc-tØmfw hn[n Iev∏n-°pIbpw

sNøpw. Ah¿ Xß-fpsS hmfp-Isf sImgp-°-

fmbpw Ip¥-ßsf hm°-Øn-I-fmbpw ASn-®p-

Xo¿°pw. PmXn PmXn°pt\sc hmtfm-ßp-I-

bn√; Ah¿ C\n bp≤w A`y-kn-°p-I-bp-an√

(ao-Jm. 4: 1˛3).

ssk\y-ß-fpsS btlmh C]-Imcw Acp-fn-s®-

øp∂p: C\n PmXn-Ifpw At\I ] -W-ßfnse

\nhm-kn-Ifpw hcp-hm≥ CS-bmIpw. Hcp ] -W-

Ønse \nhm-kn-Iƒ as‰m-∂n-te°p sN∂p:

hcp-hn≥, \ap°p btlm-hsb ]km-Zn-∏n-t°-

≠-Xn\pw ssk\y-ß-fpsS btlm-hsb At\z-

jn-t°-≠-Xn\pw t]mImw. Rm\pw t]mcp∂p

F∂p ]d-bpw. Aßs\ At\I PmXn-Ifpw

_lp-hw-i-ßfpw bcq-i-te-an¬ ssk\y-ß-

fpsS btlm-hsb At\z-jn-∏m\pw btlm-

hsb ]km-Zn-∏n-∏m\pw hcpw. ssk\y-ß-fpsS

btlm-h-C-]-Imcw Acp-fn -s®-øp∂p: B

ImeØv PmXn-I-fpsS kIe mj-I-fnepw \n∂v

]Øpt]¿ Hcp blq-Zs‚ hkvXmKw ]nSn®v

ssZhw \nß-tfm-Sp-IqsS Ds≠∂p Rßƒ

tI´n-cn -°-bm¬ Rßƒ \nß-tfm-Sp-IqsS

t]mcp∂p F∂p ]dbpw (sk-J. 8:20˛23).

btlmh k¿∆`qan°pw cmPmhmIpw. A∂m-

fn¬ btlmh GI\pw Ahs‚ \maw

GIhpw Bbn-cn-°pw (sk-J. 14:9).

Ah¿ AXn¬ ]m¿°pw; C\n kwlmc i]Yw

D≠m-Ip-Ibn√; bcq-itew \n¿`bw hkn-°pw

(sk-J. 14:11).

""blqZbpw sbcpitean¬sh®p bp≤w

sNøpw. Np‰pap≈ kIe PmXnIfpsSbpw [\

amb s]m∂pw sh≈nbpw hkvXhpw A\h

[nbmbn tiJcn°s∏Spw''(skJ. 14:14).

F∂m¬ bcq-i-te-an\p t\sc h∂ kIe

PmXn-I-fnepw tijn-®n -cn -°p∂ Gh\pw

ssk\y-ß-fpsS btlm-h-bmb cmPm-hns\ \a-

kv°-cn-∏m\pw IqSm-c-s∏-cp-∂mƒ BN-cn-

∏m\pw B≠p-tXmdpw hcpw. qan-bnse kIe

hwi-ß-fnepw Bsc-¶nepw ssk\y-ß-fpsS

btlm-h-bmb cmPm-hns\ \a-kv°-cn-∏m≥ bcq-

i-te-an-te°p hcmØ ]£w Ah¿°p ag

D≠m-Ip-I-bn-√ (sk-J. 14:16˛17).


345

Cu hmKvZØßƒ(DSºSnIƒ) F√mw BXy¥nI\n

hrØn Is≠Øp∂Xv I¿Ømhmb tbipInkvXp

hnemWv; AhnSp∂v bnkmtben\v tZiØnt∑epw

ZmhoZy knwlmk\Ønt∑epap≈ AhcpsS

\nXymhImiw ÿm]n®psImSp°m≥ aSßnhcpw. hcp-

hm≥ t]mIp∂ cmPy-Øn¬ ain-l-bv°p≈ ]¶v Nq≠n-

°m-Wn-°p∂ At\I hmIy-ßƒ D≠v.

Fs‚ hnip≤ ]¿∆-X-amb kotbm-\n¬

Rm≥ Fs‚ cmPm-hns\ hmgn-®n-cn-°p-∂p

(k-¶o. 2:6).

\ap°v Hcp inip P\n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. \ap°p

Hcp aI≥ \evI-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. B[n-]Xyw A-

hs‚ tXmfn¬ Ccn-°pw. Ah≥ A¤p-X-a¥n,

hoc\mwssZhw, \nXy-]n-Xmhv, kam-[m-\-]`p

F∂p t]¿ hnfn-°-s∏-Spw. Ahs‚ B[n-]-

Xy-Øns‚ h¿≤-\bv°pw kam-[m-\-Øn\pw

Ah-km\w D≠m-Ip-I-bn-√. Zmho-Zns‚ knwlm-

k-\-Øn\pw Ahs‚ cmP-Xz-Øn\pw C∂p

apX¬ Fs∂-t∂°pw Ah≥ AXns\ \ymb-

tØmSpw \oXn-tbm-Spw-IqsS ÿm]n®p \ne-

\n¿Øpw. ssk\y-ß-fpsS tbml-h-bpsS Xo£v

WX AXns\ \nh¿Øn-°pw (sb-i. 9:6˛7).

Rm≥ Zmho-Zn\p \oXn-bp-s≈mcp apf-bm-b-

hs\ D¤-hn-∏n-°p∂ Imew hcpw. Ah≥ cmPm-

hmbn hmWv _p≤n-tbmsS ]h¿Øn®v tZiØp

\oXnbpw \ymbhpw \SØpw Ahs‚ ImeØp

blqZm c£n-°-s∏-Spw. bnkm-tb¬ \n¿`-b-

ambn hkn°pw; Ah\v btlmh \ΩpsS

\oXn F∂p t]¿ ]dbpw F∂p btlm-hbpsS

Acp-f-∏m-Sv (bn-sc. 23:5˛6).

cmXn Z¿i-\-ß-fn¬ a\p-jy-]p-X-t\mSp kZr-

iy\mb Hcp-Ø≥ BIm-i-ta-L-ß-tfmsS hcp-

∂Xp I≠p. Ah≥ htbm-[n-Is‚ ASp-°¬

sN∂p; Ah¿ Ahs\ Ahs‚ apºn¬ ASp-

Øp-h-cp-am-dm°n. kI-e-hw-i-ßfpw PmXn-Ifpw

`mj-°m-cpw, Ahs\ tkhn-t°-≠-Xn\p

Ah\p B[n-]-Xyhw al-Xzhpw cmP-Xzhpw e`n-

®p, Ah-s‚ B[n-]Xyw \oßn-t∏m-ImØ

\nXym-[n-]-Xyhpw Ahs‚ cmPXzw \in-®p-

t]m-Im-ØXpw BIp-∂p (Zm-\n. 7:13, 14).

""btlmh k¿∆ `qanbv°pw cmPmhmIpw;

A∂m-fn¬ btlmh GI\pw Ahs‚ \maw

GIhpw Bbn-cn-°pw'' (sk-J. 14:9).

bnkm-tb-ens‚ mhnsb kw_-‘n® Cu D]kwlmc

Nn¥Iƒ k -bpsS mK-am-bn-cn-°p∂ hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v

Cu cmPy-Øn¬ Hcp ]¶p-an-s√∂v A¿∞-am-°p-∂n-√.

hnizm-kn-Iƒ ""A_-lm-ans‚ ]pX∑mcmWv.'' Ahsc

bYm¿∞ ]cnt—Z\°m¿ F∂p hnfn°mhp∂XmWv

(tdm-a. 4:13˛16; Kem. 3:7, 9, 14; ^nen. 3:3, 9).

F∂phcnInepw, k`, klkm_vZm\pKlßfn¬

]¶mfnbmIpsa∂ hkvXpX, bnkmtbens\mcp mhn

bps≠∂pw ZmhoZyknwlmk\Ønencp∂v InkvXp

\SØp∂ `cWw(Ct∏mgsØ kmlNcyßƒ°v

Iogn¬, k`bneqsS \n¿∆ln°p∂ tIhew Hcp

BflnI`cWw F∂ \nebn¬ \n∂v hn]coX

ambn)`uanIhpw cmjvSobhpamb Hcp `cWØn¬

D®mhÿsb ]m]n°psa∂pap≈, kam\amb thZ

kXysØ d±p sNøp∂n√. bnkmtb¬ tIµam°n,

InkvXp cmPmhmb, Hcp `uanI cmPXzØn\pth≠n

bp≈ hmKvZØßƒ ]g-b-\n-ba ]pkvX-I-ß-fn¬

amXw HXp-ßn-\n-ev°p-∂-X-√. ]pXn-b-\n-b-ahpw CXp

Xs∂ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. \ymb-]-amWbpKw Ah-km-\n-

®-Xp-t]mse k`m bpKhpw kl-km-_vZ-hm-gvNbv°v

hgn amdn-s°m-Sp-°pw.

tbip Ah-tcmSp ]d-™Xp: Fs∂ A\p-K-an-

®n-cn-°p∂ \nßƒ ]p\¿P-\-\-Øn¬ a\p-jy-

]p-X≥ Xs‚ al-Xz-Øns‚ knwlm-k-\-Øn¬

Ccn-°p-tºmƒ \nßfpw ]¥≠p knwlm-k-

\-Øn¬ Ccp∂v bnkm-tb¬ tKmXw ]¥-

≠n\pw \ymbw hn[n-°p-sa∂p Rm≥ kXy-

am-bn´p \nß-tfmSp ]d-bp-∂p (a-Ømbn 19:28).

""Ah≥ hen-b-h-\mIpw; AXyp-∂-Xs‚ ]pX≥

F∂p hnfn-°-s∏Spw I¿Øm-hmb ssZhw

Ahs‚ ]nXm-hmb Zmho-Zns‚ knwlm-k\w

Ah\p sImSp-°pw. Ah≥ bmt°m_v Krl-

Øn\p Ft∂°pw cmPm-hm-bn-cn-°pw. Ahs‚

cmPy-Øn\p Ah-km\w D≠m-Ip-I-bn√ F∂p-

]-d-™p''(eq-t°m. 1:32, 33).

ktlm-Z-c-∑m-sc, \nßƒ _p≤n-am-∑m-sc∂v

\nßƒ°p Xs∂ tXm∂m-Xn-cn -∏m≥ Cu

clkyw Adn-bm-Xn-cn-°-cpXv F∂p Rm≥ BK-

ln-°p-∂p. PmXn-I-fpsS ]q¿Æ kwJy tNcp-

thmfw bnkm-tb-en\v Awi-ambn ImTn\yw

`hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Cßs\ bnkm-tb¬ apgp-

h\pw c£n-°-s∏-Spw ""hnSp-hn-°p-∂h≥

kotbm-\n¬ \n∂p hcpw. Ah≥ bmt°m-

_n¬\n∂p A`-‡nsb am‰pw. Rm≥ Ah-

cpsS ]m]-ßsf \o°p-tºmƒ CXp Rm≥ Ah-

tcmSp sNøp∂ \nbaw'' F∂p Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-

∂p-h-t√m (tdm-a. 11:25˛27).


346

Rm≥ \ymbm-k-\-ßsf I≠p Ah-bn¬ Ccn-

°p-∂-h¿°p \ymb-hn-[n-bpsS A[n-Imcw

sImSp-Øp. tbip-hns‚ km£yhpw ssZh-h-

N\hpw \nanØw Xe tOZn-°-s∏- -hcpw arK-

sØtbm AXns‚ ]Xn-a-sbtbm \a-kv°-cn-

°m-Xn-cp -∂-hcpw s\‰n-bnepw ssItaepw

AXns‚ apZ ssIs°m-≈m-Xn-cp-∂-h-cp-am-b-

h-cpsS Bflm-°-sfbpw Rm≥ I≠p. Ah¿

Pohn®p Bbn-c-am≠p InkvXp-hn-t\m-Sp-IqsS

hmWp. acn-®-h-cn¬ tij-ap-≈-h¿ Bbn-c-am≠v

Ign-bp-thmfw Pohn-®n-√. CXv H∂m-asØ ]p\-

cp-∞m-\w. H∂m-asØ ]p\-cp-∞m-\-Øn¬ ]¶p-

≈-h≥ mKy-hm\pw hnip-≤\pw BIp-∂p. Ah-

cpsSta¬ c≠mw ac-W-Øn\v A[n-Im-c-an-√.

Ah¿ ssZh-Øn\pw InkvXp-hn\pw ]ptcm-ln-

X-∑m-cmbn InkvXp-hn-t\m-Sp-IqsS Bbn-c-

am≠p hmgpw (sh-fn. 20:4˛6).

3. ChtbmSv tN¿Øp]dbp∂ bpKßfpw \ymbhpw

AYhm A\p_‘bpKßfpw AhbpsS \ymbhpw

\ymb-]-am-W-Øn¬ \n∂pw Ir]-bn-te°pw blq-Z-

a-X-Øn¬ \n∂pw k -bn-te-°p-ap≈ ssZhoI`cW

kwhn[m\Øns‚ am‰w hN\w Xs∂ hy‡-ambn

Du∂n ]d-bp-∂p. CXv hy‡-ambn ap≥Iq´n ]d-bp-

∂-Xp-t]mse InkvXp-hns‚ qan-bn-te-°p≈ hc-hn¬

k -bn¬ \n∂v A£-cm¿∞-Øn-ep≈ Hcp cmjvSob

kmam-Py-Øn-te-°p≈ am‰w kw -hn-°pw. AXp-sIm-

≠v Ipd™]£w aq∂v bpK-ßƒ ( -c-W-kw-hn-[m-\w)

ss__nƒ hy‡ambn ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p: \ymb-]-am-Ww,

k`, cmPXzw.

A\p-_-‘-amb bpKßfpsS ImcyØn¬ hy‡-amb

sXfn-hp-I-fp-s≠∂v Du∂n-∏-d-bp-I DNnXa√ F∂m¬

BZnaImeL´-ß-fn¬ a\p-jy-cp-am-bp≈ ssZhnI

CSs]Sen≥ ]≤Xnbn¬ a‰p-]e bpK-ßfpw \mw

tN¿ØpNn¥n°-W-sa∂p bp‡n- \tΩmSp \n¿t±-in-

°p-∂p. hogvN-bv°p-ti-jw a\p-jy-\p -am -bp≈

ssZhnICSs]Sepw Imcy]cn]mSnbpw AXn\v apºp-

≈-Xn¬\n∂p hyXy-kvX-am-sW∂v Nn¥n-°p-∂Xv

\ymb-am-Wv. Pe-]-f-b-Øn\p tijw Dff ssZhnI

]≤-Xn AXn\p apºp≠mbncp∂Xn¬\n∂v hyXykvX

am-bn-cp-∂p. ho≠pw A_-lm-an¬IqsS- bnkm-tb-¬

cmjvSØns‚ Bcw- -Øn\p tijhpw AXn\p apºpw

D≠mbncp∂ ]≤Xnbpw AXp-t]m-se-X-s∂ hyXy

kvXambncp∂p.

Ggv ]tXyI bpK-hn`P\tØmSpIqSnb bpK]camb

ho£Ww as‰mcmsf hniz-kn-°phm≥ \n¿_-‘n-°p-

∂Xv, Hcp ]t£ DNnXas√-¶nepw C]Imcw Hcp

ho£WØn\v AXnt‚Xmb ]tbm-P-\w D≠v.

km[mcWbmbn bpKkn≤m¥°m¿ hnhn[ ssZhoI

`cWIaßfpsS ]´nI Xmsg∏dbpwhn[w

IaoIcn®ncn°p∂p.

\njv]m]w ˛ hogvNbv°p apºv (D-ev]. 1:28˛3:6).

a\- m£n ˛ hogvN-bv°p-ti-jhpw Pe-]-f-b-Øn\v

apºpw (D-ev]. 3:7˛8:14).

am\p-jnI `cWw ˛ Pe-]-f-b-Øn\v tijhpw A_-

lm-an¬\n∂v hensbmcp PmXnsb Dfhm°psa∂v

hmKvZØØn\v apºpw(D-ev]. 8:14˛11:32).

hmKvZØw A_-lm-ans‚ hnfn°pw bnkm-tb-ens‚

Bcw`Øns‚ tijhpw. F∂m¬, ko\mbv ae-bn¬

sh®v tamssiI \ymb-]-amWw sImSp-°p-∂-Xn\p

apºv(D-ev]. 1:32, ]pd. 18).

\ymb-]-amWw ko\mbv ae-bn¬sh®p≈ AXns‚

shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø¬ apX¬ s]¥-t°m-kvXp-\m-fn¬ ]cn-

ip-≤m-flmhv k`sb cq]-s∏-Sp-Ønb-Xp-hsc \ymb-]-

amWw ]m_-ey-Øn-en-cp-∂p. (]p-d. 19 apX¬ At∏m.

2 hsc; F∂ncp∂mepw kphn-ti-j-ßfnse Nne mK-

ßƒ; A∂v `mhn-]cambncp∂ k -sb- kw_‘n®

]Tn∏n°epIƒ \¬Ip∂p≠v).

Ir] As√-¶n¬ k` ssZhw Xs‚ qan-bnse Imcy

]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ s]¥-t°mkvXp\mƒ apX¬ k -bn¬

IqsS \n¿∆-ln-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. k` Chn-sS-\n∂pw

DXv]m-]-W-Øn-eqsS am‰-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-hsc A]Imcw

XpS-cp-Ibpw sNøpw (A-t∏m. 2 apX¬ DXv]m-]Ww

hsc).

cmPyw InkvXp 1000 h¿jw qan-bn¬ cn-°pw. Xs‚

c≠mw hc-thmsS Bbncw B≠v hmgvN Bcw- n-°pw.

4. k` Hcp a¿Ωsa∂ \nebn¬

a. ]pXnb\nbakXy-ßƒ apJm¥ncw shfns∏Sp

Ønbn´p≈ a¿Ωßsf ]n≥XpS¿∂v AhbpsS

hntije£W]Imcw \n¿ÆbØnseØp∂Xv.

\ymb-]-am-W-Øn¬ \n∂v k -bn-te-°p≈ am‰sØ

°pdn®v thZ-]p-kvXIw Xs∂ shfns∏SpØp∂ Bi-

b-ßfpw hcp-hm≥t]m-Ip∂ cmPy-sØ-°p-dn-®v hyh-

ÿ-I-ƒ IqSmsX \¬Inbncn°p∂ hmKvZ-Ø-ßfpw

]cn-tim-[n-®m¬ ssZhnIImcy-]-cn-]mSnsb kw_-‘n-

® bpK]camb ho£Ww icn-bm-sW∂p sXfn-bn-

°mw. F∂m¬ bpK]camb kwhn[m\w kw_‘n®

Bi-b-ßfpsS aqeyhpw hnizmkyXbpw sXfn-bn-°p-

hm-\p≈ am¿§w CXp amX-a-√.

]pXn-b- \n-b-a-Øn¬ a¿Ωw F∂ ]Zw D]tbmKn


347

®ncn°p∂Xv km[m-cW a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ hfsc

hnjaap≈ Hcp kXy-sØ kqNn∏n°phm\√.

AXmbXv bYm¿∞Øn¬ AXv Kln°m≥

Akm[yamsW∂v ]cm-a¿in-°pIb√. cl-ky-am-b-

tXm, ad-™n-cn-°p-∂tXm Bb Hcp-k-Xy-am-Wv a¿Ωw.

]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ a¿Ωw F∂ ]Zw D]tbmKn®ncn

°p∂Xp t\m°nbm¬, Cu temIØnse ssZhnI

]h¿Ø\Øns‚ Hcp ]pXp]pØ≥ hiambncp∂p

k`sb∂v hy‡amIpw. tamsi-bpsS \ymb-]-am-W-

Øn≥Iogn¬ Pohn-®n-cp∂ hnip-≤-∑m¿°v k -sb-°p-

dn-®p≈ kXy-ßƒ ]q¿Æambpw Adnbn√mbncp∂p.

bnkm-tbepw k`bpw XΩn¬ Hcp-h-enb hyXymkw

Ds≠∂v CXv ÿm]n-°p-∂p. ssZhw Cu `qan-bn¬,

k` DZvLmN\w sNbvXt∏mƒ ]q¿Æambpw Hcp

]pXnb`cWIaw Bcw`n°pIbmbncp∂p.

At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿°p \evI-s∏´ ]pXnb kXy-

ßsf°pdn®v, km[mcW `mjm]tbmKßfn¬

s∏SpØn, Hcp a¿Ωsat∂mWw ]e thZ`mKßfpw

]dbp∂p≠v. s]mXp-hmb BibØn¬∏d™m¬

\ymb]amWImeØv Ah A⁄mXambncp∂p.

(tdm-a. 16:25˛26; 1 sImcn. 2:7; 4:1; Fs^. 1:9; 6:19;

sImsem. 2:2; 4:3; 1 Xnsam. 3:9).

]q¿∆Imeßfn¬ ad™ncp∂n´v Ct∏mƒ

shfns∏´ph∂Xpw \nXyssZhØns‚ \ntbmK

]Imcw kIePmXnIƒ°pw hnizmkØns‚

A\pkcWØn\mbn ]hmNI∑mcpsS Fgp

ØpIfm¬ Adnbn®ncn°p∂Xpamb a¿ΩØn

s‚ shfn∏mSn∂v A\pkcWambp≈ Fs‚

kphntijØn\pw tbipInkvXp hns\°pdn

®p≈ ]kwKØn\pw HØhÆw \nßsf

ÿncs∏SpØphm≥ Ignbp∂ GI⁄m\nbm

b ssZhØn∂p......(tdma. 16:25˛26).

bpK-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ ]T-\w F∂ ]Xn]mZyhnjb

Øn¬ IqSp-X¬ ]k-‡-ambXv, ]g-b-\n-bahnip-≤-

∑m¿°p ad-™n-cp-∂- a¿Ω-ßfmb ]tXyI kXyß

sf shfns∏SpØp∂ hmIyßfmWv; ]t£ B am¿

ΩnIkXyßƒ At∏mkvXenIImeL´ßfn¬

shfns∏SpØpIbpw sNbvXp. Cu hmIyßƒ samØ

Øn¬ hy‡am°p∂ Nn¥Iƒ tN¿Øp ]cnKWn°p

tºmƒ bpK]c]TnXm°ƒ ssZhnIImcy]cn]mSn

kw_‘n®v Bthi]q¿∆w ]pWcp∂ AtX ho£

Ww Xs∂ CXv Dfhm°p∂p. XncpshgpØpIfpsS

AtX IaØnes√¶nepw AhbpsS bp‡ym\pkrX

amb IaØn¬ \mw Ahsb ASp°n ]Tn°pIbm

WnhnsS.

XßfpsS iXp°sf i]n°pIbpw kºq¿Æ\oXn

bpsSbpw kam[m\Øns‚ A`nhr≤nbpsSbpw temI

hym]Iamb Hcp B[n]XyØnte°p Xßsf Iqń

s°m≠pt]mIpIbpw sNøp∂ Hcp ainlmsb blqZ

∑m¿ ]Xo£n®ncp∂p. Ah¿ XßfpsS cmPmhns\

XnckvIcn®t∏mƒ, AhnSp∂v AhtcmSv ""kz¿§cmPy

Øns‚ a¿Ωßƒ'' kw_‘n® ]`mjWw sNbvXp

(aØm. 11:13 apX¬ a¿s°m. 4:11; eqs°m. 8:10). \ymb

]amWØn≥Iognse hnip≤∑m¿°v ]q¿Æambpw

ad™ncp∂ a¿Ωßfn¬ H∂v; \√Xpw XobXpw

CSI e¿∂ Hcp CSthfmImeL´tØmSpIqSnb;

c≠v BKa\ßƒ ainlmbv°v D≠mbncn°psa∂

XmWv; tImXºns‚bpw IfbpsSbpw D]abnepw

ISen¬ CSp∂ hebpsS D]abnepw ]dbp∂

Bibw t]mseXs∂. ùanIhpw cmjvSobhpamb

Hcp cmPyw; kºq¿Æ\oXntbmSpIqsS, s]mSp∂\sh

ÿm]n°p∂Xn\p ]Icw, cmPyØns‚ BflnIhpw

cmjvSoba√mØXpamb hiw Cu qanbn¬ \S∏nem

°p∂Xn\v, ainlm, A\phZn°m≥ t]mIpIbmbn

cp∂p. bpKm¥yw hsc \√Xpw XobXpw CSIe¿∂ncn

°pw. At∏mƒ a\pjy]pX≥ aSßnh∂v XobXns\

\√Xn¬\n∂v FSpØpIf™v, Gsd cmjvSobkz`m

htØmSpIqSnb Xs‚ cmPyw Bcw`n°pw(DZm:˛

aØm. 13:39˛43; 47- 50). \√Xpw XobXpw CSIe¿∂

CSthftbmSpIqSnbp≈ c≠p hchns\°pdn®p≈

D]tZiw ]gb\nbahnip≤∑m¿°p a¿Ωambncp∂p,

Hcp ]pXp]pØ≥ ]Tn∏n°embncp∂p. 1 Xnsam.

3:16˛epw CXv shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-≠v. ainlm h∂p,

F∂m¬ Cu qan-bn¬ as‰mcp ka-bØv A£-cm¿∞-

Øn¬ ÿm]n-°p-hm≥ t]mIp∂ cmPy-Øn-\p-th≠n

ImØn-cn-°p∂Xn\mbn AhnSp∂v kz¿§mtcm-lWw

sNbvXp.

Ah≥ PU-Øn¬ shfn-s∏´p; Bflm-hn¬

\oXo-I-cn-°-s∏´p; ZqX-∑m¿°p ]Xy-£-\m-bn.

PmXn-I-fpsS CS-bn¬ ]kw-Kn-°-s∏- p. temI-

Øn¬ hniz-kn-°-s∏´p; tXP- n¬ FSp-°-

s∏´p; F∂n-ßs\ ssZh- -‡n-bpsS a¿Ωw

kΩ-Xmw-hÆw hen-b-Xm-Ip-∂p (1 Xnsam. 3:16).

]g-b-\n-b-a-hn-ip-≤-∑m¿°v Adn-hn-√m-Xn-cp∂ as‰mcp

a¿Ωw bnkm-tb¬ Xmev°m-enIambn NnX-dn-°-

s∏Spw F∂pw ]n∂oSv ssZh-Øns‚ ]cn-]mSn A\p-

k-cn®v Ahsc Iqń-t®¿°pw F∂p-ap≈ -kXy-amWv.

ktlm-Z-c-∑m-sc, ""\nßƒ'' _p≤n-am-∑m-sc∂p

\nßƒ°p Xs∂ tXm∂m-Xn-cn -∏m≥ Cu

clkyw Adn-bm-Xn-cn-°-cpXv F∂p Rm≥

BK-ln-°p∂p; PmXn-I-fpsS ]q¿Æ kwJy-

tN-cp-thmfw bnkm-tb-en\p Awi-am-bn


348

ImTn\yw `hn-®n-cn-°p∂p; Cßs\ bnkm-

tb¬ apgp-h≥ c£n-°-s∏-Spw. ""hnSp-hn-°p-∂-

h≥ kotbm-\n¬ \n∂p hcpw ; Ah≥

bmt°m-_n¬ \n∂p Ah-cpsS ]m]-ßsf

\o°p-tºmƒ CXp Rm≥ Ah-tcmSp sNøp∂

\nbaw'' F∂p Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂p-h-t√m.

kphn -ti-jw-kw-_-‘n®p Ah¿ \nß¬

\nanØw iXp-°ƒ; Xnc-s™-Sp∏p kw_-

‘nt®m ]nXm-°-∑m¿ \nanØw ]nb-∑m¿.

ssZhw Xs‚ Ir]m-h-c-ß-sfbpw hnfn-sbbpw

Ipdn®p A\p-X-]n-°p-∂n-√-t√m (tdma. 11:25˛29).

ain-l-bv°v c≠v BKa\ßfp≠mbncn°psa∂pw

Ahbv°p XΩn¬ Hcp CSthf ImeL´ap≠mbncn

°psa∂pw ]gb\nbahnip≤∑m¿ kz]v\w I≠n´p

t]mepan√. Hcp ImetØ°p bnkmtbeneqsS

]h¿Øn°p∂Xv ssZhw \n¿Ønshbv°pw F∂v

Ah≥ Adn™ncp∂n√. a¿Ωw kw_‘n® A\p_

‘thZkqN\Iƒ, k` Hcp ]pXp]pØ≥ shfn∏mSm

sW∂pw \ymb]amWØn≥Iogn¬ k` \nehnen√m

bncp∂psh∂pap≈ a¿Ωw Nq≠n°mWn°p∂p(bpK

]camb ]T\Øns‚ kmcmwiw CXmWv).

\nßƒ°mbn F\n°p e`n® ssZh-Ir-]-bpsS

hyh-ÿ-sb-°p-dn®p Rm≥ aosX Npcp-°-

Øn¬ Fgp-Xn-b-Xp-t]mse shfn-∏m-Sn-\m¬

F\n°v Hcp a¿Ωw Adn-bm-bvh∂p F∂p

\nßƒ tI´n-´p-≠-t√m. \nßƒ AXp hmbn-

®m¬ InkvXp-hns\ kw_-‘n-®p≈ a¿Ω-

Øn¬ F\n-°p≈ t_m[w \nßƒ°p Kln-

°mw. B a¿Ωw Ct∏mƒ Ahs‚ hnip≤

At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿°pw ]hm-N-I-∑m¿°pw

Bflm-hn-\m¬ shfn-s∏- -Xp-t]mse ]q¿∆-Im-

e-ß-fn¬ a\p-jy¿°p Adn-bm-bvh-∂ncp-∂n-√.

AtXm PmXn-Iƒ kphn-ti-j-Øm¬ InkvXp-

tb-ip-hn¬ Iq -h-Im-in-Ifpw GI-i-co-c-ÿcpw

hmKvZ-Ø-Øn¬ ]¶m-fn-Ifpw BtIWw F∂p

≈XpXs∂ (F-s^. 3:2- 6).

blq-Z-∑mcpw PmXn-Ifpw tN¿∂p≈ Hcp kwhn-[m\w

(i-co-cw) ÿm]n-®-t∏mƒ ssZhw Hcp ]pXnb ]hrØn

Bcw- n-®p. blqZaXØneqsS ssZhw AtXØpS¿∂v

]h¿Øn°msXbmbn; adn®v F√m hnizmknIfpw

InkvXphn¬ H∂mbnØo¿∂p. Cu ]pXnb

""sFIysØ'' Cu ]tXyI]›mØea\pkcn®v

k`sb∂p hn`Pn®ncn°p∂Xp i≤n°pI(Fs^.

3:10). amXa√; Cu ]pXnb shfn∏mSv(a¿Ωw)

]q¿∆Imeßfn¬ adhmbncp∂ Hcp ]pXnb hyhÿ

(`cWkwhn[m\w) shfn®ØpsIm≠ph∂psh∂p

]utemkv ]d™ncn°p∂p. Fs^. 3:2˛¬ ]dbp∂

"hyhÿ' F∂ ]Zhpw(stewardship) bpKw F∂mWv

A¿∞am°p∂Xv. aqe`mjbn¬ c≠pw Htc ]ZamWv

(A-Sp-Øp≈ Nm¿ v t\m°p-I).

\ymb-]-am-W-Øn≥ Iogn¬ Adnbm≥ ]mSn√m-bn-cp∂

as‰mcp a¿Ωw, blq-Z-∑mcpw PmXn-Ifpw tN¿∂p≈

hnizm-kn-I-fpsS kaq-l-Øns‚ a≤y-Øn¬ ssZhw

Xm≥ Xs∂ hkn-°psa∂Xmbncp∂p. \ymb-]-am-

W-Øn≥Iogn¬ hfsc Ipd®v hnizm-kn-I-fn¬ amXsa

]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv A[n-h-kn-®n-cp-∂p≈q `qcn-]-£hpw.

`qcn]£w ]g-b-\n-ba hnip-≤-∑mcpw ssZh-hp-am-bp≈

bYm¿∞ Iq´m-bva-_‘w A\p- -hn-®n-cp-∂n-√. \ymb

]amWØn≥ Iognembncp∂ bnkmtben¬\n∂pw

henb hyXymktØmsS k`sb ssZhØns‚ Hcp

]pXnb ]hrØnbmbn Hcn°¬IqsS Nq≠n°mWn®n

cn°p∂p. sImsem. 1:25˛se ""DtZymKw''(stewardship)F∂ hm°ns‚ A¿∞w ""bpKw''(dispensation)

F∂msW∂Xp i≤n°pI.

\nßƒ°pth≠n ssZhw F\n°p \evIn-bn-cn-

°p∂ DtZym-K-]-Imcw ssZh-h-N-\-tLm-

jWw \nh¿Øn-t°-≠-Xn\p Rm≥ k -bpsS

ipiq-j-I-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂p.-AXp ]q¿∆-Im-e-

ßƒ°pw Xe-ap-d-Iƒ°pw ad-™p-In-S∂

a¿Ωw F¶nepw Ct∏mƒ Ahs‚ hnip-≤-

∑m¿°p shfn-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-tcmSp PmXn-

I-fpsS CS-bn¬ Cu a¿Ω-Øns‚ aln-am-[\w

Fs¥∂p Adn-bn∏m≥ ssZh-Øn\p CjvS-

ambn; B a¿Ωw al-Xz-Øns‚ ]Xym-i-bmb

InkvXp \nß-fn¬ Ccn-°p∂p F∂p-≈Xp

Xs∂ (sIm-sem. 1:25˛27).

\mw Ahs‚ ico-c-Øns‚ Ah-b-h-ß-f-t√m.

AXp-\n-anØw Hcp a\p-jy≥ A∏-s\bpw AΩ-

sbbpw hn´p ]ncn™v `mcy-tbmSp ]‰n-t®cpw;

Ccp-hcpw Hcp tZl-am-bn-Øocpw; Cu a¿Ωw

hen-bXp ; Rm≥ InkvXp-hns\bpw k`-

sbbpw Dt±-in-®sX ]d-bp-∂-Xp. F∂m¬

\nß-fpw Aß-s\-Xs∂ Hmtcm -cp -Ø≥

Xm¥ms‚ `mcysb Xs∂-t∏mse Xs∂

kvt\ln-t°-Ww. `mcytbm `¿Øm-hns\ `b-

s∏-tS-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p. (F-s^. 5:30˛32).

IqSp-X¬ Bfp-Ifpw 1 sImcn. 15:51˛52 se a¿Ωw ico-

c-Øns‚ Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev∏m-sW∂v hymJym-\n-

°p∂p.

Rm≥ Hcp a¿Ωw \nß-tfmSp ]d-bmw. \mw

F√m-hcpw \nZ-sIm-≈p-I-bn√ F∂m¬


349

A¥y-Im-l-f-\m-Z-Øn-¶¬ s]s´∂p IÆn-a-

bv°p-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ \mw F√m-hcpw cq]m-¥-c-

s∏Spw; Imlfw [z\n°pw; acn-®-h¿ A£-b-

cmbn Dbn¿°p-Ibpw \mw ]d-∂p-t]m-Ip-Ibpw

sNøpw (1 sImcn. 15:51-- --- 52).

ChnsS ]dbp∂ icoc]p\cp∞m\sØ, ]utemkv

]dbp∂ a¿Ωhpambn XpeyXbn¬ Nn¥n®m¬,

imcocnI]p\cp∞m\w \ymb]amWØn≥Iogn¬

Hcp clkyambncp∂n√ F∂ ]iv\w DZn°pw (C-

tøm. 19:25˛27; sbi. 26:19; sbsl. 37:12; Zm\n. 12:2).

AXp-sIm≠v ]p\cp∞m\sØ Hcp a¿Ωsa∂p

]utemkv hnfn°p∂Xmbn \n¿Æbn°p∂Xn\p

_p≤nap´p≠v. bYm¿∞Øn¬ F¥mWp ]d™ncn

°p∂sX∂ IqSpX¬ kq£vaamb ]mcmbWw Hcp

]tXyI \n¿ÆbØnte°p \bn°pw. AXmbXv, Cu

hmIyØnse ]pXnb shfn∏mSpIƒ, F√m hnizmkn

Ifpw acWw A\p`hn°pw F∂X√; F√mhcpw

acn®hcmIs´, Pohnt\mSncn°p∂hcmIs´, s]s´∂p

≈ Hcp cq]m¥cw ssZhØns‚ ImlfØn¶¬

A\p`hn°pw F∂p≈XmWv B \n¿Æbw. ]pXnb

\nb-a-]-Tn-Xm-°ƒ DS≥Xs∂ Cu Bi-bßsf 1

sX . 4:13˛18 hsc hmIy-ß-fp-ambpw DXv]m-]W D]-

tZ-i-hp-ambpw Xpe-\-s∏-Sp-Ømw. \ymb-]-am-W-Øn≥

Iogp-≈-h¿°v Adn-hn-√m-Xn-cp∂ a¿Ωw , InkvXp-a-

≤ym-Im-i-Øn¬ aS-ßn-h-cn-Ibpw (`q-an-bn-te-°-√)

InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-®-h-sc-√m-hcpw s]s´∂p

cq]m -¥-c -s∏-Sp -Ibpw sNøpw F∂-Xm-Wv.

acn®pt]mbh¿ Dbn¿sØgpt∂¬°bpw tXPkvIcn

°s∏SpIbpw sNøpw, NnecmIs´ Hcn°epw acWw

ImWpIbn√; Aßs\bp≈h¿ DØc£WØn¬

acWw A\p`hn°msXXs∂ tXPkvIcn°s∏Spw.

At∏m-kvX-enI Ime-L-´-Øn¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏´

Ah-km-\sØ ""a¿Ωw'' F∂Xv A[¿Ω-Øns‚

a¿Ω-amWv (2 sX . 2:7). B ]›mØew Aev]w

\¬Ip∂Xv klmbIcambncn°pw.

Bcpw GXp-hn-t[-\bpw \nßsf NXn-°-cpXv;

BZysa hnizm-k-XymKw kw -hn-°p-Ibw \mi-

tbm-Ky\pw A[¿Ωaq¿Øn-bp-am-b-h≥ shfn-

s∏-Sp-Ibpw thWw. Ah≥ ssZhm-e-b-Øn¬

Ccp-∂p-sIm≠p ssZhw F∂p \Sn-®p. ssZhw

Ft∂m ]qPm-hn-jbw Ft∂m t]cp≈ kI-

e-Øn\pw aosX Xs∂-Øm≥ Db¿Øp∂ FXn-

cmfn AsX. \nß-tfm -Sp -IqsS Ccn -°p -

tºmƒXs∂ Rm≥ CXp \nß-tfmSp ]d™p

F∂p Hm¿°p-∂n-√tbm? Ah≥ ka-b-Øn\p

apsº shfn-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-t°-≠-Xn\p Ct∏mƒ XSp-

°p-∂Xp F¥p F∂p \nßƒ Adn-bp-∂p.-

A[¿ΩØns‚ a¿Ωw Ct∏mtg hym]-cn-°p-∂p.

CXp-hsc XSp-°p-∂-h≥ hgn-bn¬ \n∂p amdn-

t∏mI amXw thWw. At∏mƒ A[¿Ω-aq¿Øn

shfn-s∏- p-hcpw; Ahs\ I¿Øm-hmb tbip

Xs‚-hm-bnse izmk-Øm¬ HSp°n Xs‚ ]Xy-

£-X-bpsS ]Im-i-Øm¬ \in-∏n-°pw. A[¿Ω-

aq¿Øn-bpsS ]Xy-£X \in-®p-t]m-Ip-∂-

h¿°p kmØms‚ hym]m-c-i-‡n°p HØ-

hÆw hymP-amb kI-e-i-‡n-tbmSpw AS-bm-

f-ß-tfmSpw A\o-Xn-bpsS kIe h©-\-tbm-

Spw-IqsS Bbn-cn°pw; Ah¿ c£n-°-s∏-Sp-hm-

¥-°-hÆw kXysØ kvt\ln®p ssIs°m-

≈m-bvI-bm¬ Xs∂ Aßs\ `hn°pw

(2 sX . 2:3˛10).

2 sX -tem-\n-Iy¿ 2˛mw A≤ym-b-Ønse A[¿Ω-

aq¿Øn- ssZh-sa∂v Ah-Im-i-s∏- p-sIm≠v ssZhm-e-

b-Øn¬ Ccn-°p∂h\mWv (hmIyw 4). ""iq\yam°p∂

tæ—Xsb''°pdn®v InkvXp ]d™ ap∂dnbn∏pambn

""Cu A[¿Ωaq¿Ønsb'' Xpe\s∏SptØ≠XmWv

(aØm. 24:15 apXemb hmIyßƒ). ""A[¿ΩØns‚

a¿Ωw'' F∂Xv ""A¥nInkvXphns\ D]tbmKn®v

temIsØ \nb¥n°m\mKln°p∂ kmØm\y

Imcy]cn]mSnsb(]≤Xnsb) kqNn∏n°pIbmWv.

F∂ncp∂mepw Cu h¿Øam\ImeØv(k`mkwhn

[m\L´Øn¬) XSp°p∂ Hcph\p≠v; temINcn

Øn\mbp≈ ssZhnI]≤XnbpsS kabw hsc

A[Ωaq¿Øn A[nImcØn¬ hcmsX, Ah≥

XS™psIm≠ncn°bmWv.

Nne hymJym-Xm-°-fpsS ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬ A[¿a-asØ

XS-bp-∂Xv c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-fm-Wv. F∂m¬ 7˛mw hmIy-

Øn¬ hy‡n-]-c-amb \ma-hn-ti-jWw ""Ah≥'' D]-

tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. IqSmsX kmØms\ \nb-¥n-°p-

hm≥ X°-hÆw C∂sØ `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ i‡-c-

√. Ah¿ A[¿Ω-sØ XS-bp-∂-Xn\v ]Icw A[¿Ωw

]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv. k -bmWv A[¿ΩsØ XS-

bp-∂-sX∂p Nn¥n-°p-∂-h-cp-ap-≠v. CXv \s√mcp A\p-

am-\-am-Wv. F¶nepw kmØms\ FXn¿°p-hm≥ X°-

hÆw k`bpw ]m]vXa√. IqSmsX ""Ah≥'' F∂

]tbmKa\pkcn®v k`sb \ma\n¿t±iw sNøp∂Xp

tbmKyhpa√.

"XS w sNøp-∂-h≥' BcmsW∂ ]iv\Øns‚

G‰hpw sa®amb ]cnlmcw AXv ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hm-

sW∂v \n¿Æbn°p∂XmWv. ""kmØms‚ i‡-amb

BK-l-ßsf XS-bp-hm≥ i‡n-bp-≈Xv ssZh-Øn-\p-

am-X-am-Wv. IqSmsX ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv Hcp hy‡nbpw


350

""Ah≥'' (hmIyw 7). F∂ hnti-j-W-Øn\v A¿l-

\p-am-Wv. F∂m¬ ""Bflmhv'' F∂Xv Ko°n¬

kvXo]p-cp-j-t -Z-an-√mØ hm°m-Wv. 6˛mw hmIy-Øn¬

""XSp-°p-∂Xv F¥v'' F∂ ]cm-a¿i-sØ CXv hni-Zo-

I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p.

]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv Hcp ]tXyI \ne-bn¬ C∂v k -bn¬

hkn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v (F√m hnizm-kn-bnepw hkn®v

]cn-ip-≤mfl kv\m\-Øm¬ Ahsc Hcp imco-c-am-°n-

s°m-≠v) k` \ne-\n-ev°p-∂n-S-tØmfw ]cn-ip-≤m-

flm-hns‚ ]tXyI km∂n≤yw ]n≥h-en-°-s∏-Sp∂p

F∂v Nn¥n-°p-hm≥ hfsc _p≤n-ap- p-≠v. 2 sX . 2:

6 ¬ k` am‰-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-hsc ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv A¥n-

In-kvXp-hns‚ ]Xy-£-Xsb XS w sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-

cn°pw F∂ Bibw a\- n-em-°mw. (k- -tbm-Sp-IqsS

]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ km£yhpw ]tXyIamb km∂n-

≤yhpw Cu temI-Øn¬ \n∂v am‰-s∏-Sp-∂p). DXv]m-

]-W-Øn¬ k` am‰-s∏-Sp-∂-tXm-Sp-IqsS A[¿Ω

aq¿Øn-bmb A-¥n-In-kvXp-hn≥ ]Xy-£-Xbpw

km≤y-am-Ipw.

b. ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂ a¿Ω-

ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ D]-kw-lmcNn¥Iƒ

bpK-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ hn`P\]T\Øn¬ kp]-cn-Nn-X-

\mb Hcmƒ°v ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Ønse "a¿Ω-ßƒ' BWv

bpK-]camb ]T\kºZmbw ]Zm\w sNøp∂sX∂p

a\- n-em-°p-∂p. InkvXp-hns‚ H∂pw c≠pw hc-hp-

Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ Hcp Ime-L´w D≠v F∂pw B Ime-

L- -Øn¬ \√Xpw XobXpw sXm´p-tN¿∂p t]mIp∂p

F∂pw hy‡-am-Wv. (a-Øm-bn 13:1; a¿t°m. 4:11;

eqt°m. 8:10; 1 Xnsam. 3:16). Cu kabØv ssZhw

bnkm-tb-ens\ am‰n \n¿Øp-Ibpw InkvXp-hn¬ H∂m-

bn-cn-°p∂ blq-Z\pw PmXnbpw Dƒs°m-≈p∂ k`

F∂ ]pXnb kwhn-[m-\-Øn-eqsS ]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw

sNøpw (tdm-a. 11:25˛29; Fs^. 3:2˛6; 5: 30˛32; sImsem.

1:25˛27). HSp-hn¬ Cu k -bpsS DXv]m-]Ww kw -hn-

°p-Ibpw acn-®-h¿°pw Pohn-®n-cp-∂-h¿°pw al-Xzo-

I-cn-°-s∏´ icocw e`n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. (1 sImcn.

15:51˛52) k` am‰-s∏-Sp-∂-tXm-Sp-IqSn A¥n-InkvXp

Fgp-t∂-ev°pw. 2 sX . 2:3˛10 . F¶nepw Cu

A[¿Ωaq¿Øn (]m]-a\pjy≥) I¿Øm-hns‚ hc-

hn¬ sIm√-s∏-SpIbpw Ah≥ \√-Xns\ Xob-Xn¬

\n∂p th¿Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw A∂v Xs‚ cmPyw Cu

`qan-bn¬ Bcw- n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. XpS¿ ∂p ssZhw

Xs‚ ]h¿Ø\w bnkm-tb-en¬ IqsS ho≠pw Bcw-

`n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Ønse ""a¿Ω-ßƒ''

Ipd-™Xv aq∂v c-W-kw-hn-[m-\-ßƒ As√-¶n¬ bpK-

ßƒ D≠v F∂p sXfn-bn-°p-∂p. (\ym-b-]-am-Ww,

k`, cmPyw) CXp \nc-kn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√.

5. `c-W-kw-hn-[m-\-Øns‚ am‰-Øn\p≈ sXfn-hp-Iƒ

InkvXp `qan-bn¬ \n∂p t]mb-Xn-\p-tijw ssZh-

Øns‚ ]h¿Øn-Iƒ°v hf-sc-b-[nIw am‰-ßƒ D≠m-

Ip-sa-∂p kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ hf-sc-b-[nIw kqN-\-Iƒ

\evIn-bn- p-≠v. G‰hpw henb am‰w D≠m-bXv ]cn-

ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ ipiq-j-bn-emWv (CXp ]Ømw

A≤ym-b-Ønse ]cnip≤mflimkvXØn¬ hy‡am

°nbn´p-≠v).

Xs‚ kz¿§m-tcm-l-W-Øn-\p-tijw ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp

A]q¿∆-amb coXn-bn¬ `qan-bn-te°p hcp-sa∂p

InkvXp Xs‚ injy-∑m¿°p hmKvZØw sNbvXp

(tbm-l. 16:7˛13 hsc). \ymb-]-amW bpK-sØ-°mƒ

hyXy-kvX-ambn ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv F√m hnizm-kn-I-

fnepw Ah¿ c£n-°-s∏´ ka-bw-ap-X¬ ÿnc-ambn

hkn-°p-∂p(tbm-l. 7:37˛39; 14:16˛17; tdma. 8:9; 1 sImcn.

12:13). tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-I≥ ap≥Iq´n ]d-™-Xp-

t]mse (a-Ømbn 3:11; a¿t°mkv 1:8; eqt°m 3:16;

tbml. 1:33). InkvXp-hns‚ ico-c-amb (1 sImcn. 12:13)

k`-bpsS cq]o -I -c -W-Øn -\mbn ]cn -ip -≤mfl

kv\m\hpw InkvXp t]mb-Xn-\p-tijw (]h. 1:5)

kw`hn-®p.

\ymb-]-am-Whpw k`bpw XΩn¬ henb hyXym-k-

ap≠v F∂p sXfnbn°pIbpw bpK-]-c-amb Bi-

bsØ A\p-Iq-en-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv. ]cn-ip-≤m-

flm-hns‚ ipiq-j-bn-se Cu am‰ßƒ aØmbn 16:

18 Rm≥ Fs‚ k`sb ]Wnbpw F∂p InkvXp ]d-

™-t∏mƒ k` mhn-]cambncp∂p F∂Xpw Du∂¬

\¬tI≠XmWv. InkvXp-hns‚ ]Tn-∏n-°-ep-I-fn¬

IqSp-Xepw blqZaXØn¬ \n∂pw k -bn-te-°p-ff

am‰-Øns‚ Hcp-°-am-bn-cp-∂p AYhm ]mcw`am

bncp∂p.

Ah-km-\-ambn Bcm-[-\-bpsS Znhkw i∫-Øn¬ (i-

\n-bm-gvN) \n∂p Rmb-dm-gvN-bn-te-°p amdnbXpw

\ymb-]-am-Whpw k`bpw XΩn¬ ASn-ÿ-\-]-c-amb

hyXymkw D≠v F∂p ÿm]n-°p-IbmWv (]mtZ-inI

k` F∂ `mKw t\m°p-I)

6. ""bpKw'' F∂Xv Hcp ss__nƒ ]tbmKtam?

- "bpKw' F∂Xv, XnXzw; D¬]m]Ww F∂o

]tbmKßsf At]£n®v XncpshgpØn¬ ImWmhp

∂ Hcp ]tbmKamWv. "bpKw' F∂Xv Hcp ]gb

Cw•ojp]ZamWv; Cw•ojpss__nfns‚ A[nIrX

`mjm¥c°m¿ "Hbn°t\manb' F∂ Ko°p]tbm

KamWv C]Imcw bpKw(dispensation) F∂p X¿÷a

sNbvXXv. "hn`hhn\ntbmKw,' "Bb˛hybhyhÿ'

F∂o A¿∞ap≈ economy F∂ hm°v CXn¬


351

\n∂pw cq]s∏´XmWv. "`h\w' F∂¿∞ap≈ oikosF∂ ]tbmKhpw "]amWw' F∂¿∞ap≈ nomosF∂ ]tbmKhpw tN¿∂ kΩni]tbmKamWnXv.

(Bh¿Ø\]pkvXIw kqNn∏n°p∂ ""c≠masØ

]amWw'' F∂Xpt]mse). C]Imcw CXv "`h\°m

cpsS ]amWsØ' kqNn∏n°p∂p AYhm Hcp

`h\Øns‚ `cW]camb \n_‘\Isft∂m,

`cWhyhyÿsbt∂m CXns\ hnh£n°mw.

Npcp°Øn¬ KrlhnNmcIXzw F∂p [z\n°p∂p.

At\I ]pXo]pX∑mcpw, Zmk∑mcpw Iqen°mcpap

≈ henb `qkztØmSpIqSnb Hcp KmaoWIpSpw_

sØ k¶ev]n°pI. IWs°gpØpImcpw `h\°m

¿°v, Bhiyap≈ km[\ßƒ hmßp∂hcpw tXm´

Dev]∂ßƒ hnev°p∂hcpw AhnsSbp≠mIpw. CX

henb Hcp `h\°mcpsS Bbhyb ]h¿Ø\ßƒ

\nb¥n°tbm ImcyhnNmcIXzw \SØpItbm

sNøp∂ Iakwhn[m\w AYhm kºZmbsØ

bmWv \mw Hcp "hn\ntbmKhyhÿ'(economy) F∂p

hnfn°p∂Xv. Xmsg∏dbp∂ Nm¿´n¬ ImWp∂Xp

t]mse, B[p\nI]cn`mjI¿ "bpKw' (dispensation)F∂ AXn]pcmX\]tbmKw hn´pIfbpIbpw

X¬ÿm\Øv CXc X¿÷aIƒ D]tbmKn°pIbpw

sNbvXncn°p∂p:

KJV bn¬ ""bpKw'' F∂ hm°v \mep ]mhiyw

D]tbmKn®n´p≠v. hn\ntbmKhyhÿ(economy)F∂ ]ZamWv C]Imcw ]cn`mjs∏SpØnbnc°p

∂Xv. Cu ]gb ]ZØn¬\n∂mWv ""bpK]c]T\w''

F∂ t]cv kzoIcn®ncn°p∂Xv. F∂ncp∂mepw

ImenI]k‡amb ]e ]cymb]Zßfpw CtX

Bibw Dƒs°m≈p∂XmWv.

"hn\ntbmKhyhÿ' F∂Xv Hcp hym]m-ckºZmb

amWv. Ata-cn°≥ sFIy\mSpIƒ "apX-em-fnØ

hyh-ÿn-Xn-'bpw djy, "Iayq-WnÃvhyh-ÿn-Xn'-

bpamWv. Hcp `cWIqSØn\v am¿§Z¿i\acpfp∂

Imcy-\n¿h-lWIaamWv "`cWkwhn[m\w'. hmjnw-

KvS¨, Pt -gvk¨, en¶¨, dqkvsh¬‰v F∂n-h¿

]e cmjvSob hyh-ÿn-Xn -bn¬ AYhm

Kh¨sa‚ns‚ hnhn[ `cW®paXebn¬ ]h¿Øn-

®-h-cm-Wv. Krl-hn-Nm-c-IXzw F∂Xv hkvXpthm

kztØm ta¬t\m´w hln®v Imcy\n¿∆lWw

\SØm\p≈ \ntbmKtam NpaXes∏SpØtem

BWv. tbmtk- n\v s]mØn-t -dns‚ ho´n¬ hnNm-

c-IXzw (bp-Kw) D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ASn-ÿm-\-cq-]-Øn¬

"bpKw' F∂Xv \S-Øn-∏n\v D≈ kwhn-[m\w, kwL-

S-\-bpsS \S-Øn-∏n\v D≈ \nbaw Fs∂ms° a\- n-

em-°mw. C]Imcw "bpKw' F∂Xv `cW®paXe,

Imcy-\n¿h-l-Ww, Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp -Ø¬ AYhm

`cta¬∏n°¬, \ntbmKw F∂n-h-bpsS Ia kwhn-

[m-\-am-Wv. CXn-\m¬ ssZhw a\p-jy-\v Nne ]tXy-

I-amb DØ-c -hm -Zn -Ø-ßƒ \n¿h-ln -°p -hm≥

\¬Ip∂p. bpK]c]T\w efnXambn A¿∞am°p

∂Xv ssZhØns‚ "hnizmk`h\°m¿' F]Imcw

Pohn°pIbpw ]h¿°n°pbpw sNøWsa∂mtWm

ssZhw BKln°p∂Xv, XZ\pkrXambn AhnSp∂v

hyXykvXIaßƒ AYhm kºZmbßƒ G¿s∏Sp

Ønbn´p≠v F∂tX. Cu hyXykvX `cW®p

aXeIƒ hyXy-kvX- c£m-am¿§ßƒ Dƒs°m≈p∂n

√. Fs¥-∂m¬ F√m-bvt∏mgpw c£ hnizm-k-Øm¬

amX-am-Wv (D-ev]Øn 15:6; l_-°q°v 2:4). ssZh-

Øns‚ ]≤-Xnbpw lnXhpw ]q¿ØoIcn°phm≥

temIØn¬ ]h¿Ønt°≠Xn\v, ssZhw Xs‚ P\w

sNøm\mKln°p∂ DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-ßfpw NpaXe-

Ifpw hyXy-kvX-amWv.


hmIyw NASB NIV

eqt°mkv 16:2 `cW\n¿∆lWw `cW\n¿∆lWw

eqt°m.16:3 `cW\n¿∆lWw Fs‚ DtZymKw(-as manager)eqt°m.16:4 `cW\n¿∆lWw Fs‚ DtZymKw(-as manager)1sImcn. 9:17 Kl-hn-Nm-c-IXzw `ctaev]n®Xv

Fs^. 1:10 Imcy-\n¿h-lWw (X¿÷a sNbvXn- n√)

Fs^. 3:2 Kl-hn-Nm-c-IXzw Imcy-\n¿hWw

Fs^. 3:9 Imcy-\n¿h-lWw Imcy-\n¿h-lWw

sImsem. 1:25 Kl-hn-Nm-c-IXzw \ntbmKw

1 Xnsam. 1:4 Imcy-\n¿h-lWw ssZhthe

352

thZ-]p-kvX-I-Ønse bpKw F∂ H≥]Xp ]cma¿i

ßfn¬sh®v ]gb \ymb]amW kwhn[m\Øn¬

\n∂pw henb sshcp≤yap≈ Hcp ]pXnb cWkwhn

[m\amWv k`sb∂ kXysØ ]_es∏SpØp

∂Xmb AXni‡amb `mKßƒ Fs -ky¿ 3 Dw

sImsem. 1 Dw BWv. KJV bpKw F∂ ]Zw Xs∂

D]tbmKn°p∂XpsIm≠v B t]cn¬ Adnbs∏Sp∂

ssZhimkvX]T\kºZmbsØ ]n≥XpW®p

sIm≠v B `mKßƒ NphsS D≤cn°pIbmWv:

kz¿§-Ønse kIe BflnI A\p- K -

lØmepw \sΩ InkvXp-hn¬ A\p-K-ln-®n-

cn-°p-∂ \ΩpsS I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-kvXp-

hns‚ ssZhhpw ]nXm-hp-am-b-h≥ hmgvØ-s∏-

´-h≥. \mw Xs‚ k∂n-[n-bn¬ hnip-≤cpw

\njvI-f-¶cpw BtI-≠-Xn\p Ah≥ temI-

ÿm-]-\ -Øn\p apsº \sΩ Ah-\n¬ Xnc-

s™-Sp-°p-Ipbw Xncp-ln-X-Øns‚ ]km-Z-]-

Imcw tbip-InkvXp apJm-¥ncw \sΩ sXc-

s™-Sp-t°-≠-Xn\p Ah≥ ]nb-\m-b-h-\n¬

\ap°p kuP-\y-ambn \evInb Xs‚ Ir]m-a-

l-Xz-Øns‚ ]pI-gvN-bv°mbn kvt\l-Øn¬

\sΩ ap∂-bn-an-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-h-t√m. Ah-

\n¬ \ap°p Ahs‚ c‡-Øm¬ AXn-I-a-

ß-fpsS tamN-\-sas∂ hos≠-Sp∏p D≠v. AXp

Ah≥ \ap°p Xm≥ [mcm-f-ambn ImWn®

Ir]m-[m-\-]-Imcw kI-e-⁄m-\hpw hnth-I-

hp-ambn \evIn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-\n¬ Xm≥

ap≥\n¿Æ-bn® Xs‚ ]km-Z-Øn\p X-°-hÆw

Xs‚ lnX-Øns‚ a¿Ωw Ah≥ \tΩmSp

Adn-bn-®p. AXp kz¿§-Ønepw qan-bn-ep-ap≈

Xp F√mw ]ns∂bpw InkvXp-hn¬ H∂m-bn-

t®¿° F∂n-ßs\ Ime-k-ºq¿Æ-X-bnse

hyh-ÿbv°mbn-s°m≠p Xs∂. Ah-\n-¬

\mw Ah-Im-ihpw ]m]n-®p. Xs‚ lnX-Øns‚

Btem-N-\-t]m-se, kI-e-hpw-]-h¿Øn-°p-∂-

hs‚ \n¿Æ-b-]-Imcw ap∂n-b-an-°-s∏-´Xp

apºn¬°q´n InkvXp-hn¬ Bi-sh-®-h-cmb

Rßƒ Ahs‚ al-Xz-Øns‚ ]pI-gvN-bv°m-

tI≠Xn\p Xs∂ (Fs^. 1:3˛12).

Ct∏mƒ Rm≥ \nßƒ°p-th-≠n-bp≈ IjvSm-

\p-`-h-ß-fn¬ kt¥m-jn®p InkvXp-hns‚

IjvS-ß-fn¬ Ipd-hm-bp-≈Xp Fs‚ PU-Øn¬

k -bmb Ahs‚ ico-c-Øn-\p-th≠n ]qcn-∏n-

°p-∂p. \nßƒ°pth≠n ssZhw F\n°p

\evIn-bn-cn-°p∂ DtZym-K-]-Imcw ssZh-h-N-

\-tLm-jWw \nh¿Øn-t°-≠-Xn\p Rm≥

k`bpsS ipiq-j-I-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. AXp ]q¿∆-

Im-e-ßƒ°pw Xe-ap-d-Iƒ°pw ad-™p-In-S∂

a¿Ωw F¶nepw Ct∏mƒ Ahs‚ hnip-≤-

∑m¿°p shfn-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-tcmSp PmXn-

I-fpsS CS-bn¬ Cu a¿Ω-Øns‚ aln-am-

[\w Fs¥∂p Adn-bn-∏m≥ ssZh-Øn\p

CjvS-am-bn. B a¿Ωw al-Xz-Øns‚ ]Xym-i-

bmb InkvXp \nß-fn¬ Ccn-°p∂p F∂p-

≈Xp Xs∂ (sImsem. 1:24˛27).

c≠p `mKØpw ]utemkv ]d-bp-∂Xv X\n°p k -

bm-Ip∂ ]pXnb Imcy-\n¿h-l-W-sØ-°p-dnt®m bpK-

sØ-°p-dnt®m shfn-∏mSv e`n-®n-cp∂psh∂m-Wv. ]g-

b-\n-ba hnip-≤-∑m¿°v Cu kwhn-[m-\-sØ-°p-dn®v

Adn-hp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. F∂m¬ CXv XpS¿∂p At∏m-

kvX-e-∑m¿°pw ]pXn-b-\n-ba ]hm-N-I-∑m¿°pw shfn-

s∏-Sp-Øn. \ymb-]-am-W-Im-e-L-´-Øn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂

hyh-ÿn-Xn°v hyXy-kvX-ambn k`, blq-Z-∑mcpw

PmXn-Ifpw tN¿∂v Hcp ico-c-ambnØo¿∂p. Cu

bpKßƒ AYhm `cWkwhn[m\ßƒ XΩnep≈

as‰mcp hyXymkw, InkvXphns‚ A[nhmktØmSp

IqSnb F√m hnizmknIfpsSbpw sFIyXbmWv. Cu

hyh-ÿnXn As√-¶n¬ bpK-sØ-°p-dn®v F√m a\p-

jy-scbpw a\- n-em-°p-hm-\p≈ henb DØ-c-hm-

ZnØw ssZhw ]utem-kn\p \¬In-b-Xmbn Fs -

ky¿ 3: 9 \sΩ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. ssIkvXhk`maWvU

eØnse Nne hn`mKßƒ bpK]c]T\w A]q¿∆am

sbmcp hn]cotXm]tZiambn XcwXncn°Ø°

\nebn¬ XncpshgpØpIsf°pdn®v AXbv°v

A⁄cmsW∂Xv AXnibapfhm°p∂p.

7. hyXykvX bpKßsf kw_‘n® hni-Zmwiw

bpK]c]T\w kw_-‘n-®p≈ G‰hpw henb sX‰n-

≤m-cW CXp c£-bv°p≈ hyXy-kvX-am¿§-ßƒ ]Tn-

∏n-°p∂p F∂-Xm-Wv. CXv efn-X-ambn ]d-™m¬ icn-

b-√. ]g-b-\nba hnip-≤-∑m¿ c£n-°-s∏- Xv hnizm-

k-Øm¬ BWv (D-ev]. 15:6; l_. 2:4; tdma. 4:6).

bmK-ßƒ amXw c£bv°p aXn-bm-bn-cp-∂n√ F∂

hkvXpX ]gb\nbahnip≤∑m¿ a\- n-em-°n-bn-cp-

∂p. bmKw A¿∏n°p∂Xn\m¬ ]ISam°nb

hnizmkamWv Ahsc c£n®Xv(t\m-°p-I. 1 iap. 15:

22; kwJy. 40:6, 51:16; kZr. 15:8; 21:27; sbi. 1:11;

tlmtk. 6:3˛6; aoJm. 6:6; F_m. 9:12; 10:3).

ssZhthe sNøp∂Xnse hyXykvX Iaßƒ,

ssZhlnXw A\ph¿Øn°p∂Xn¬ ]pe¿tØ≠

hyXykvXcoXnIƒ, ssZhØns‚ hnizmk`h\w

temIØn¬ ]h¿Øn®psIm≠ncns° AXns‚

ta¬t\m´w hln°p∂Xnse hnhn[ DØchmZnXz

ßƒ, Bhtiym]m[nIƒ F∂nhsb√mw˛bpKßƒ


353

]Xn\n[oIcn°p∂p≠mImw. F∂m¬; bpK]c

]T\w hyXykvX c£mam¿§ßƒ ]Tn∏n°p∂n√.

Ata-cn-°-≥ sFIy\mSpIƒ°v(hnhn[ kwÿm\ß

ƒs°√mw IqsS) `cWLS\b\pkcn®v H‰ Kh¨

sat‚bp≈q. F∂m¬ \mev]Xne[nIw Imcy\n¿∆m

lIkanXnIfmWv AXp \nb¥n°p∂Xv. CXpt]m

se ssZhØns‚ H‰ Znhy`cWtabp≈q. F∂m¬

AXns‚ ta¬t\m´Øn\v hnhn[ Imcy\n¿∆lW

kwhn[m\ßƒ AhnSp∂v cq]Iev]\ sNbvXn´p≠v.

ssZhØns‚ kz`mhßƒ°v am‰an√. c£bpsS

am§hpw amdp∂n√. F¶nepw Xs‚ P\Øn¬°qsSbp

≈ ]h¿Ø\ßƒ°p am‰w hcpØns°m≠v

Ahcpambp≈ ssZhØns‚ `cW]camb _‘w

ssZhw hyXykvXßfm°nbn´p≠v AYhm Aßs\

bp≈ am‰ßƒ hcpØphm≥ ssZhØn\p Ignbpw.

bpK-ßƒ°v kabw _m[-I-am-sW-¶nepw kabw

ZznXob LSIw amX-am-Wv. Xs‚ hnizmk h-\°m¿

]mh¿ØnIam°p∂Xn\v, ssZhw \nban°p∂

hyXykvXamsbmcp Iakwhn[m\amWv Hcp bpKw

F∂p ]dbp∂Xv. IΩyqWnÃv; apXemfnØImeL´

ßsf ]cma¿in°msXXs∂; hn]coXambn, IΩyq

WnÃv, apXemfnØhyhÿnXnIsf ]cam¿in°p

∂Xmbncn°pat√m IqSpX¬ \√Xv. CXpt]mse

\ymb]amWbpKsat∂m k`mbpKsat∂m kqNn∏n

°msX \ymb]amWkwhn[m\w; k`m kwhn[m\w

(IaoIcWw) F∂p kqNn∏n°p∂Xmbncn°pw

IqSpX¬ kq£vahpw IrXyhpambp≈Xv.

ap≥]knU‚ns‚ `cW]camb \nbaßfpw imk\

Ifpw ]tXyIw d±m°p∂Xphsc ]m_eyØnencn

°p∂Xpt]mse Xs∂; ap≥`cWhyhÿnXnbn¬

\n∂p≈ \n_‘\Iƒ k`m`cWkwhn[m\Ønepw

_‘nXamsW∂p IcptX≠XmWv; A√mØ]£w

Ah d±m°s∏´psh∂p ]dbWw.

BIbm¬, \mw taem¬ c‡w sNmcn™v bmKm¿∏

Ww sNtø≠Xn√. F∂ncp∂mepw am\pjnI`cWbp

Kw d±p sNøs∏´Xmbn ]n¬°me XncpshgpØpIƒ

]kvXmhn°p∂n√. AXpsIm≠v h[in£ t]mse

bp≈ kXyßƒ C∂pw i‡ambn ]m_eyØn¬

Ccn°p∂p. bpKßfn¬ kabw Hcp ZznXobLSIw

amXamsW∂p ho≠pw ]d™psIm≈s´. Xmsg

\¬Inbncn°p∂ Nm¿ v A-bnepw B-bnepw ImWn®n´p

≈Xpt]mse ap≥bpKßfnse \n_‘\Iƒ ]n¬

°mebpKßfnse \n_‘\Ifpambn, Hcp KW

Øn¬˛Hcp k©bambn˛]cnKWn°pIbmWpØaw

(ASpØ t]Pnse Nm¿ v t\m°pI).

8. D]-kw-lmcw

ssZh-Øns‚ `c-W-Øn≥Io-gnse AXpey-amb `c-W-

kw-hn-[m-\-amWv k`. \ymb-]-am-Whpw Ir]bpw XΩn-

ep≈ hyXym-khpw `mhn -bnse kl-km_vZ

hmgvNbpw a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn¬ ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp∂ thZ

hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ Hcn-°epw ss__n-fnse hniZmwi

ßƒ ]q¿Æ-ambpw a\- n-em-°p-∂n-√. bpK-]-c-amb

Imcy-ßsf IqSmsX Xncp-sh-gp-Ønse hen-sbmcp

`mKw a\ nem°m\mhmsX ad™ncn°p∂Xmtbm

Zp¿Klamtbm Ahtijn°pw. sX‰mb Bi-b-ßƒ

cq]-s∏-Sp-hm-\p≈ apJm-¥n-c-ambn Ah Xocpw F∂Xv

AXntesd ZpxJ-I-c-hp-am-Wv.

V. ]mtZinI k`

tbip-In-kvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn® ssZh-a-°-fpsS Iq´-

amWv ]mtZ-inI k`. km¿∆-XnI k`-sb-t∏mse

CXpw ""hnfn®p th¿Xn-cn-°-s∏- -h-cpsS Iq´w'' AsX.

BWv. F∂m¬ km¿∆-Xn-I-k- -bn¬ \n∂v hyXy-kvX-

ambn InkvXp-hn¬ bYm¿∞-ambn hniz-kn-°m-Ø-

hcpw ]mtZ-inI k`bn¬ Dƒs∏´p F∂p hcmw.

Aß-s\-bp≈ Hcp hy‡n ]mtZ-inI k -bn¬ AwK-

am-sW-¶nepw km¿∆-XnI k -bn¬ AwK-a-√. acn®v

InkvXp-hn-t\m-Sp-IqsS Bbn-cn-°p∂ hnizm-kn-Ifpw

km¿∆-XnI k -bpsS AwK-am-Wv. Aß-s\-bm-sW-

¶n¬ F√m ]mtZ-inI k`-Ifpw IqSn H∂n-®p-

tN¿∂mepw km¿∆-XnI k -bpsS F√m AwK-ßfpw

BIp-∂n-√. ImcWw Ah-cn¬ A[nIw t]cpw kz¿§-

Ønev BWv. Hcp hy‡n km¿∆-XnI k -bpsS AwK-

am-sW-¶nepw ]mtZ-inI k -bn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°m-Xn-cn-°p-

hm\pw Ign-bpw.

A. ]mtZ-inI k -bpsS Dt±iw

s]mXp-hmbn ]d-™m¬ ]mtZ-inI k -bpsS Dt±iw

km¿∆-XnI k -bp-tSXv Xs∂-bm-Wv. k` \ne-\n-ev°p-

∂Xv ssZhsØ al-Xz-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-\m-Wv (_-lp-am-

\n-°p-I, kvXpXn-°pI, Bcm-[n-°p-I, BZ-cn-°p-I,

kvtXmXw sNøp-I).

Kptcm, \ymb-]-am-W-Øn¬ GXp Iev]\

henbXv F∂p tNmZn-®p. tbip Ah-t\mSp:

\ns‚ ssZh-amb I¿Øm-hns\ \o ]q¿Æ

lrZ-b-tØmSpw ]q¿Æ Bflm-thmSpw ]q¿Æ

a\-t mSpw IqsS kvt\ln-t°-Ww. CXm-Ip∂p

hen-bXpw H∂m-a -tØ-Xp -amb Iev]-\

(aØmbn 22:36˛38).

F∂m¬ \nßƒ sFIy-a-Xy-s∏-´p, \ΩpsS

I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ ]nXm-hmb


354

ssZhsØ GI-a-\-t msS Hcp-hm-bn-\m¬ al-

Xzo-I-cn-t°-≠-Xn\p ÿnc-Xbpw Bizm-khpw

\evIp∂ ssZhw \nßƒ°v InkvXp-tb-ip-hn\v

A\p-cq-]-ambn XΩn¬ GI-Nn-¥-tbm-Sn-cn-∏m≥

Ir] \evIp-am-dm-Is´ (tdma. 15:5˛6).

]nXm-°-∑m¿°v e`n® hmKvZ-Ø-ßsf Dd-∏n-t°-

≠-Xn\v InkvXp ssZh-Øns‚ kXyw \nanØw

]cn-t—-Z-\bv°p ipiq-j-°m-c-\mbn Xo¿∂p

sh∂pw PmXn-Iƒ ssZhsØ Ahs‚ Icp-W-

\n-anØw al-Xzo-I-cn-t°-W-sa∂pw Rm≥ ]d-

bp∂p (tdma. 15:8˛9).

Ah-\n¬ Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-Ibpw Xncp-ln-X-

Øns‚ ]km-Z-]-Imcw tbip-InkvXp apJm-

¥ncw \sΩ ZsØ-Sp-t°-≠-Xn\v Ah≥ ]nb-

\m-b-h-\n¬ \ap°p kuP-\y-ambn \evInb

Xs‚ Ir]m-a-l-Xz-Øns‚ ]pI-gvN-bv°mbn

kvt\l-Øn¬ \sΩ ap≥\n-a-bn-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp-ht√m (Fs^. 1:5˛6).

Xs‚ lnX-Øns‚ Btem-N-\-t]mse kI-

ehpw ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-hs‚ \n¿Æ-b-]-Imcw

ap≥\n¿Æ-bn -°-s∏-´Xv apºn¬°q´n


h¿Øam\Imew

Bcw`w

\njv]m]w a\- m£n am\p-j-`-cWw hmKvZØw \ymb-]-amWw k` cmPyw

Dev]. 1:28

apX¬Dev]. 3:6

hsc

Dev]-. 3:7apX¬

Dev]. 8:14hsc

Dev]. 8:14

apX¬Dev]. 11:32

hsc

Dev]. 11:32

apX¬]pd. 18hsc

]pd-∏mSv 3:19apX¬

]h-Øn-Iƒhsc

]h. 2apX¬

DXv]m-]Wwhsc

c≠mw-h-chvapX¬ 1000h¿jw hsc

a\-km£n kwhn-[m\w Aÿn-c-s∏- n- n√ (tdma. 2:14˛25)

am\p-jnI`cWw Hcp -kw-hn[m\sa∂ \nebn¬ Aÿn-cam°-s∏- n- n√ (tdma. 13:1ff)

A_-lm-ant\mSp≈ hmKvZØw Awÿncam°-s∏- n´n√ (Dev. 3:16˛17)

k`m kwhn-[m\w ]m_-ey-Øn¬

CXp-h-scbpw]mtbm-Kn-I-am-bn√

Nm¿ v F

Nm¿ v _nGZ≥tXm´Øn¬\n∂v]pdØm°s∏´tXmsS Akm[phmbn

\ymb]amWwAÿncs∏´p

\ymb-]-am-W-bp-K-Øn\p apºp-≈ -bpKßfpsS H∂n®p≈ cq]w

k- ˛ s]¥-°-tkm-kvXp apX¬ D¬]m]Ww hsc˛h¿Øam\Imew

\ymb]-amWw(Aÿncs∏´p)

hmKvZØw

am\p-j- -cWw

a\- m£n

\njv]m]w Aÿncs∏´p AYhm Akm[phmbn

355

InkvXphn¬ Bi-h-®-h-cmb Rßƒ Ahs‚

al-Xz-Øns‚ ]pI-gvN-bv°m-tI-≠-Xn\p

Xs∂. Ah-\n¬ \nßƒ°pw \nß-fpsS c£-

sb-°p-dn-®p≈ kphn-tijw F∂ kXyw

hN\w \nßƒ tIƒ°p-Ibpw Ah-\n¬ hniz-

kn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn´p Xs‚ kz¥-P-\-Øns‚

hos≠-Sp-∏n-\p-th≠n Xs‚ al-Xz-Øns‚ ]pI-

g-N-bv°m-bn´p Xs‚ Ah-Im-i-Øns‚ A®m-

c-amb hmKvZ-Ø-Øn≥ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-\m¬

apZ-bn- n-cn-°p∂p (Fs^. 1:12˛14).

kIe hnip-≤-∑m-cnepw G‰hpw sNdn-b-h-\mb

F\n°p PmXn-I-tfmSp InkvXp-hns‚ A]-

tab [\-sØ-°p-dn®v ]kw-Kn-∏m\pw kIe

hpw krjvSn® ssZh-Øn¬ A\m-Zn-Imew

apX¬ ad-™p-In-S∂ a¿Ω-Øns‚ hyhÿ

C∂-sX∂p F√m-h¿°pw ]Im-in-∏n-∏m-\p-ambn

Cu Ir] \evIn-bn-cn-°p∂p. Aßs\ Ct∏mƒ

kz¿§-Øn¬ hmgvN-Iƒ°pw A[n-Im-c-ßƒ°pw

ssZh-Øns‚ _lp-hn-[-amb ⁄m\w....-A-h\v

k`-bnepw InkvXp-tb-ip-hnepw Ft∂°pw

Xe-ap-d-X-e-ap-d-bmbpw al-Xz-ap-≠m-Is´

Bta≥ (Fs^. 3:9˛10; 21).

Ah≥ k -sb∂ ico-c-Øns‚ Xebpw BIp-

∂p. kI-e-Ønepw Xm≥ apº-\m-tI-≠-Xn\p

Ah≥ Bcw- hpw acn-®-h-cpsS CS-bn¬ \n∂p

BZy-\mbn Fgp -t∂-‰ -h\pw BIp∂p

(sImsem. 1:18).

\ΩpsS ssZhw Xs‚ hnfn°p tbmKy-cmbn

FÆn k¬Kp-W-Øn-ep≈ kIe XmXv]-cyhpw

hnizm-k-Øns‚ ]hr-Øn-bn¬ i‡n-tbmsS

]q¿Æ-am -°n-Ø-tc-W-sa∂v \nßƒ°p-

th≠n Ft∏mgpw ]m¿∞n-°p -∂p

(2 sX . 1:12).

\nßtfm A‘-Im-c-Øn¬ \n∂pw Xs‚ A¤p-

X-]-Im-i-Øn-te°v \nßsf hnfn-®-hs‚

kXvKp-W-ßsf tLmjn-∏m-¥-°-hÆw Xnc-

s™-Sp-°-s∏´ Hcp PmXnbpw cmP-Iob ]ptcm-

l-X-h¿§hpw hnip≤ hwihpw kz¥ P\hpw

BIp-∂p (1 ]sXm. 2:9).

Hcp-Ø≥ ]kw-Kn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ ssZh-Øns‚

Acp-f-∏mSv ]kvXm-hn-°p∂p F∂-t]m-sebpw

Hcp-Ø≥ ipiq-jn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ ssZhw

\evIp∂ ]m]vXn°p HØ-h-Æhpw BIs´.

F√m-‰nepw ssZhw tbip-In-kvXp-aqew al-Xz-

s∏-Sp-hm≥ CS-h-cs´. al-Xzhpw _ehpw

Fs∂-t∂°pw Ah-\p -≈Xp Bta≥

(1 ]sXm. 4:11).

I¿Ømth ""\o k¿∆hpw krjvSn-®-h\pw

F√mw \ns‚ CjvSw tlXp-hmbn D≠m-bXpw

krjvSn-°-s∏-´-Xpw BI-bm¬ al-Xzhpw

_lp-am-\hpw i‡nbpw ssIs°mƒhm≥

tbmKy≥ F∂p ]d-™pw -sIm≠p Xß-fpsS

Inco-S-ßsf knwlm-k-\-Øn\p apºn¬ CSpw

(shfn. 4:11).

ssZhsØ BZ-cn°pI F∂ s]mXp-hmb Dt±iw k -

bpsS ][m-\-s∏´ hnhn[ ipiqjIfn¬IqsS

\n¿∆ln°s∏Sp∂p. kwkvIm-c-ßƒ amdp-tºmgpw Xe-

ap-d-Iƒ amdp-tºmgpw ]h¿Ø-\-cq-]-Øn\v am‰-ap-≠m-

Im-sa-¶nepw ASn-ÿm\ ]am-W-ßƒ°pw k -bpsS -

]-[m-\- ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°pw bmsXmcp am‰hpw D≠m-

Ip-∂n-√. AXv ]m[m-\y-a-\p-k-cn®v ]tXy-I-ambn Fgp-

X-s∏- n- n-√. F√mw ]m[m-\y-ap-≈Xpw Hcp ]mtZinI

k`bv°pth≠nbp≈ ssZthmt±iyw \nhØnt°≠

Xn\v DNnXamwhÆw \S∏n¬ hcptØ≠XpamWv.

1. ]Tn-∏n-°¬/ D]-tZiw

henb \ntbm-K-Øns‚ Hcp ][m\ `mK-amWv ]Tn-

∏n-°¬ F∂p-≈Xv hnizm-kn-Iƒ ]e-t∏mgpw ad-∂p-

t]m-Im-dp-≠v. ""Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp Iev]n-®Xp Hs°bpw

]am-Wn-°m≥ X°-hÆw D]-tZ-in-®pw -sIm≠v''

(aØmbn 28: 20). Cßs\ D]-tZiw ]Tn-∏n-°mØ k -

Iƒ ssZh-h-N-\-\m-\p-kr-X-a√ F∂ Bi-bsØ

]n≥Xm-ßp∂ At\I ]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ D≠v. D]-tZi

hnj-b-ßƒ ]Tn -∏n -°p -tºmƒ ssZh-imkvXw

hymIcWa\pkcn®v A]KYn°amXw sNømsX

kZmNmckwlnXIfpw InkvXobipiqjbpw Dƒs∏

SØ°\nebn¬ _‘n∏nt°≠XmWv. kXyØns‚

Xq¨ F∂ \nebn¬ k` ssZhhN\w ]Tn∏nt®

aXnbmhq(1 Xnsam. 1:15).(t\m-°p-I. Fs^. 4:11, 12).

Ah¿ At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cpsS D]-tZiw tI´pw

Iq´mbva BN-cn®pw A∏w \pdp -°nbpw

]m¿∞\ Ign®pw t]m∂p (At∏m.]h. 2:42).

A∆Æw \nßfpw Bfl-h-c-ß-sf-°p-dn®v

hmRvO-bp-≈-h-cm-I-bm¬ k -bpsS BflnI

h¿≤-\-bv°mbn k -e-∑m-cm-Ip-hm≥ ian-∏n≥

(1 sImcn. 14:12).

BI-bm¬ F¥p? ktlm-Z-∑msc \nßƒ IqSn-

h-cp-tºmƒ Hmtcm-cp-Ø\v k¶o¿Ø\w D≠v,

D]-tZiw D≠v, shfn-∏mSv D≠v, A\y- mj D≠v,

hymJym\w D≠v kI-ehpw BflnI h¿≤-\-

bv°mbn DX-Is´ (1 sImcn. 14:26).


356

Ah-\n¬ thcq -∂nbpw BflnI h¿[\

]m]n®pw \nßƒ°p D]-tZ-in-®p-X-∂-Xn-s\m-

Ø-hÆw hnizm-k-Øm¬ Dd®pw kvtXmX

Øn¬ Ihn™pw Ccn-∏n≥ (sImsem. 2:7).

Rm≥ hcp-thmfw hmb-\, ]t_m-[-\w, D]-

tZiw F∂n-h -bn¬ i≤n -®n -cn°

(1 Xnsam. 4:13).

\o ]e km£n-I-fpsS apºmsI Ft∂mSp tI -

sX√mw a‰p-≈-hsc D]-tZ-in-∏m≥ ka¿∞-cmb

hnizkvX a\p -jysc `c -ta -e v∏n -°

(2 Xnsam. 2:2).

F√m Xncp-sh-gpØpw ssZh-izm-ko-b-am-I-bm¬

ssZh-Øns‚ a\p -jy≥ kIe k¬]-

h¿Øn°pw hI-]m-]n®p XnI-™-h-\m-tI-≠-

Xn\p D]-tZ-i-Øn\pw imk-\-Øn\pw KpWo-

I-c-W-Øn\pw \oXn-bnse A`ym-k-Øn\pw

]tbm-P-\-ap-≈Xpw BIp∂p(2 Xnsam. 3: 16˛27).

hN\w ]kw-Kn°; ka-b-Ønepw Ak-a-b-

Ønepw Hcp-ßn-\nev°; kIe Zo¿L-£-a-

tbmSpw D]-tZ-i-tØmSpw IqsS imkn°;

X¿÷\w sNbvI; ]t_m-[n-∏n°(2 Xnsam.4:2).

2. A\pjvTm\ Iev]\Iƒ BNcn°p∂Xv

Hcp ]mtZ-inI k` ]pXnb hnizm-kn-Isf kv\m\-

s∏-SpØn hen-b \ntbmKw ]m_-ey-Øn¬ hcp-Øp-

Ibpw Xncp-h-Ømgw BN-cn-®p-sIm≠p InkvXp-hns‚

XymK-]-c-amb kvt\lsØ A\p-kva-cn-°p-Ibpw

sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv. kv\m\hpw XncphØmghpw XpS¿∂p

hcp∂ Hcp `mKØv hniZambn ]cm-a¿in-®n- p-≠v.

BI-bm¬ \nßƒ ]pd-s∏´p, ]nXm-hn-s‚bpw

]pX-s‚bpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚bpw \ma-Øn¬

kv\m\w Ign-∏n®pw (aØmbn 28:19).


Iq´mbva BN-cn®pw A∏w \pdp-°nbpw

]m¿∞\ Ign®pw t]m∂p (At∏m.]h. 2:42).

Rm≥ I¿Øm-hn-¶¬ \n∂p ]m]n-°p-Ibpw

\nßƒ°p Gev∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXXv Fs¥-

∂m¬ I¿Øm-hmb tbip-hns\ ImWn-®p-sIm-

SpØ cmXn-bn¬ Ah≥ A∏w FSp-Øp-

kvtXmXw sNm√n \pdp°n, CXp \nßƒ°p-

th-≠n-bp≈ Fs‚ icocw; Fs‚ Hm¿Ω-

bv°mbn CXp sNbvhn≥ F∂p ]d-™p.

A∆Æw Xs∂ AØmgw Ign-™-tijw

Ah≥ ]m\-]m-Xhpw FSpØp. Cu ]m\-]mXw

Fs‚ c‡-Øn¬ ]pXn-b-\n-baw BIp-∂p;

CXp IpSn-°p-tºm-sgm-s°bpw Fs‚ Hm¿Ω-

bv°mbn sNbvhn≥ F∂p ]d-™p. Aßs\

\nßƒ Cu A∏w Xn∂p-Ibpw ]m\-]mXw

IpSn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-tºm-sgm-s°bpw I¿Øm

hp hcp-thmfw Ahs‚ ac-WsØ ]kvXm-hn-

°p-∂p (1 sImcn. 11:23˛26).

3. ]m¿∞\

]mtZ-inI k -bpsS ]mY-an-I-amb DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-ß-

fn¬ H∂mWv ]m¿∞-\. CXv D]-tZiw, kphn-ti-jo-

I-c-Ww, Bcm-[\ k`m-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ at‰-sX-¶nepw

hiw ipiqj Ch-sb-°mƒ Xmgv∂ \ne-hm-c-Øn¬

BIp-hm≥ ]mSn-√. ]m¿∞\bpsS D]tZiw Hmtcm

hy‡nIƒ°pamWv ]k‡sa¶nepw Hcpan®pIqSn

]mtbmKnIambn A\pjvTnt°≠XpIqsSbmWv.

hnizm-kn-I-fn¬ sFIyX cq]-s∏-Sp-hm≥ ]m¿∞\

klm-bn-°p∂p. CXp kphn-ti-jo-I-c-W-Øn\v ASn-

ÿm-\-am-Wv. ]m¿∞-\-bn¬ ssZhw ]km-Zn-°p-∂p-

sh∂pw ssZh-Øn\p \∑bpw A\p-K-l-ßfpw \Ωn-

te°v sIm≠p-h-cp-hm≥ ]m¿∞\ apJm-¥n-c-am-Ip-∂p-

sh∂pw D≈Xv hfsc ][m-\-amb Hcp kXy-am-Wv.

Btcm-Ky-ap≈ k -bpsS Hgn-®p-Iq-Sm≥ ]‰mØ Hcp

LS-I-amWv ]m¿∞\ F∂p≈ \ne-bn¬ ]m¿∞-\-

bpsS ]¶v Ipd®p ImWn-°m≥ bmsXmcp k`bpw

ss[cy-s∏-Sn-√. At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿ ]m¿∞-\bpw hN-

\-ip-iq-jbpw XßfpsS ap≥KW\Ifmbn I≠n-cp-

∂p-sh∂p a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xm-Wv (A-t∏m. 6:4).

aSp-Øp-t]m-ImsX Ft∏mgpw ]m¿∞n-t°Ww

F∂p-≈-Xn\v Ah≥ Ah-tcmSp D]a ]d-

™Xp (eqt°m 18:1).


Iq´mbva BN-cn®pw A∏w \pdp -°nbpw

]m¿∞\ Ign®pw t]m∂p (At∏m.]h. 2:42).

Cßs\ ]sXm-kns\ XS-hn¬ kq£n-®p-h-cp-

tºmƒ k` i≤-tbmsS Ah-\p-th≠n ssZh-

tØmSp ]m¿∞\ Ign-®p-t]m∂p (At∏m. 12:5).

kIe ]m¿∞-\-bmepw bmN-\-bmepw GXp

t\cØpw Bflm-hn¬ ]m¿∞n®pw AXn-\mbn

PmK-cn-®pwsIm≠p kIe hnip-≤-∑m¿°pw

F\n -°pw -th≠n ]m¿∞-\-bn¬ ]q¿Æ

ÿncX ImWn-∏n≥ (Fs^. 6:18).

CShn-SmsX ]m¿∞n°pI (1 sX . 5:17).

F∂m¬ kIe a\p-jy¿°pw \mw k¿∆-i-

‡n-tbmSpw L\-tØm-Spw-IqsS kmh-[m-\-Xbpw-

kzÿ-Xbpw D≈ Poh\w Ign-t°-≠-Xn\p


357

hnti-jm¬ cmPm-°-∑m¿°pw kIe A[n-Im-

c-ÿ-∑m¿°pw th≠n bmN-\bpw ]m¿∞-

\bpw ]£-hmZhw kvtXmXhpw sNtøWw

F∂p Rm≥ kI-e-Øn\pw apsº ]t_m-[n-

∏n-°p∂p (1 Xnsam. 2:1˛2).

\nß-fn¬ Zo\-ambn InS-°p-∂-h≥ k -bnse

aq∏-∑msc hcp-Ø-s´. Ah¿ I¿Øm-hns‚ \ma-

Øn¬ Ahs\ FÆ-]qin Ah-\p-th≠n

]m¿∞n-°s´. F∂m¬ hnizm-k-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb

]m¿∞\ Zo\-°m-cs\ c£n°pw. I¿Ømhv

Ahs\ Fgp-t∂-ev∏n°pw; Ah≥ ]m]w

sNbvXn-´p-s≠-¶n¬ Ah-t\mSp £an°pw

(bmt°m. 5:14˛15).

4. kphn-ti-jo-I-cWw (t]jnX ZuXyØnse ]cky

]h¿Ø\w Dƒs°m≠ncn°p∂p)

I¿Ømhv Xs‚ A¥yalm\ntbmKw Gev∏n-®p-sIm-

Sp-ØXv As∏mkvXe-∑m¿°mWv F∂Xv kXy-am-sW-

¶nepw At∏m-kvX-enI ktµiw hniz-kn-°p∂ Hmtcm-

cp-Øcpw Cu Ime-L- -Øns‚ Ah-km\w hscbpw

XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠p-t]m-tI≠ Hcp ZuXy-am-bn I¿Ømhv

CXns\ hy‡ambn Z¿in®ncp∂p. InkvXp-hn-ep≈

hnizm-k-Øm¬ e`n-°p∂ c£-bpsS kphn-tijw

hnfn-®-dn-bn° F∂p-≈Xv Ct∏mgpw ssZh-Øns‚

CjvS-am-Wv. hy‡n-IfmWv km£n-°p-∂Xv. F∂m¬

as‰mcmibØn¬ k`bv°p apgph\mbn ssZhØns‚

c£WyIr]bv°v km£yw hln°m≥ Ignbpw.

ssZh-Øns‚ alXzw ]mtZ-in-I-ambn hnfn-®-dn-bn-°p-

∂Xp IqSmsX a‰p ]tZ-i-ß-fn-te°v kphn-ti-j-I-

∑msc k` th¿Xn-cn-®v Abbvt°-≠-Xp-am-Wv.

BI-bm¬ \nßƒ ]pd-s∏´p, ]nXm-hn-s‚bpw

]pX-s‚bpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚bpw \ma-Øn¬

kv\m\w Ign-∏n®pw Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp Iev]n-

®-sXm-s°bpw ]am-Wn-∏m≥ X°-hÆw D]-tZ-

in-®pw-sIm≠v kIe PmXn-I-sfbpw injy-cm-

°n-s°mƒhn≥; Rmt\m temIm-h-km-\-

tØmfw F√m \mfpw \nß-tfmSp IqsS D≠v

F∂p Acp-fn-sNbvXp (aØmbn 28:19˛20).

InkvXp IjvSw A\p-`-hn-°p-Ibpw aq∂mw

\mƒ acn-®-h-cn¬ \n∂p Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev°p-

Ibpw Ahs‚ \ma-Øn¬ am\-km-¥-chpw ]m]-

tam-N-\hpw sbcq-i-te-an¬ XpSßn kIe

PmXn-I-fnepw ]kw-Kn-°p-Ibpw thWw F∂n-

ßs\ Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂p (eqt°m. 24:46˛47).

Aßs\ blq-Zy, Keo-e, iacy F∂o tZi-

ß-fn¬ Hs°bpw k`bv°p kam-[m\w

D≠mbn, AXv BflnI h¿≤\ ]m]n®pw

I¿Øm-hn-t\m-Sp≈ `‡n-bnepw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-

hns‚ ]t_m-[-\-bnepw \S∂pw s]cp-In-s°m-

≠n-cp∂p (At∏m. 9:31).

Ah¿ I¿Øm-hns\ Bcm-[n®pw D]-h-kn-®pw-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ Rm≥ _¿∂-_m-kn-

s\bpw iuen-s\bpw hnfn-®n-cn-°p∂ the-

bv°m-bn´p Ahsc F\n°p th¿Xn-cn-∏n≥

F∂p ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp ]d™p. Aßs\

Ah¿ D]hkn®v ]m¿∞n®v Ah-cp-sS-ta¬

ssIh®v Ahsc ]d-™-b®p (At∏m. 13:2˛3).

Aßs\ k`-Iƒ hnizm-k-Øn¬ Dd-bv°p-

Ibpw FÆ-Øn¬ Znh-tk\ s]cp-Ip-Ibpw

sNbvXp (At∏m. 16:5).

F∂m¬ Ah¿ hniz-kn-°m-Ø-hs\ Fßs\

hnfn-®-t]-£n°pw? Ah¿ tIń- n-√m-Ø-h-\n¬

Fßs\ hniz-kn°pw? ]kw-Kn-°p-∂-h≥

C√msX Fßs\ tIƒ°pw? Bcpw Ab-bv°m

sX Fßs\ ]kw-Kn°pw (tdma. 10:14˛15).

(tbm-l. 4:35; aØmbn 9:37˛38 Dw ImWp-I).

\nß-fpsS ASp-°¬ \n∂p I¿Øm-hns‚

hN\w apg-ßn-s®-∂Xp a°-tZm-\y-bnepw AJm-

b-bnepw amX-a√ F√m-Shpw \nßƒ°v ssZh-

Øn-ep≈ hnizmkw ]kn-≤-am-bn-cn-°p∂p;

AXp-sIm≠p Rßƒ H∂pw-]-d-hm≥ Bh-iy-

an√ (1 sX . 1:8).

\nßtfm A‘-Im-c-Øn¬ \n∂pw Xs‚ A¤p-

X-]-Im-i-Øn-te°v \nßsf hnfn-®-hs‚

kXvKp-W-ßsf tLmjn-∏m-¥-°-hÆw Xnc-

s™-Sp-°-s∏´ Hcp PmXnbpw cmP-Iob ]ptcm-

l-X-h¿§hpw hnip≤ hwihpw kz¥ P\hpw

BIp-∂p (1 ]sXm. 2:9).

5. Bcm-[\

i∫-Øp-\m-fns\.... Hm¿°phm\p≈ Iev]\ (]p-d. 20:

8) ]ØpIev]\Ifn¬ k`bv°pth≠n Bh¿Øn®n

ń√mØ Htcsbmcp Iev]\bmWv. k` H∂n®pIqSnh

cphm≥ Iev]\bp≠v(DZm. F_m. 10:25). F∂m¬

Bcm[\bv°mbn ]tXyI Znhkw k`bv°p \n¿t±

in®nń√(tdma. 14:5˛6; sImsem. 2:16). F∂ncp∂mepw,

]cºcmKXambn, BZnakÌƒ BgvNh´Øns‚

H∂mw \mƒ kw`hn® I¿Ømhns‚ ]p\cp∞m\w.

A\pkcWbv°mbn BgvNh´Øns‚ H∂mw\mfmb

RmbdmgvN IqSn h∂ncp∂p(tbml. 20:11). amfnI

apdnbn¬ I¿Ømhp Xs‚ injy∑m¿°p c≠p

]mhiyw ]Xy£\mbXpw BgvNh´Øns‚ H∂mw


358

\mfm bncp∂p(tbml. 20:19,26). k`bpsS P∑Zn\amb

s]¥ t°mkvXv ActßdnbXpw BgvNh´Øns‚

H∂mw \mfmb RmbdmgvNbmbncp∂p. ]pXnb

\nbaImeL´w apX¬ ]q¿∆nINcnXa\pkcn®v

\mfnXphsc k` Bcm[\bv°mbn RmbdmgvN

tXmdpw IqSn hcp∂p (At∏m. 20:7; 1 sImcn. 16:2 Ch

t\m°pI).

BgvN-h- -Øns‚ H∂mw Znh-k-Øn¬ Rßƒ

A∏w \pdp-°p-hm≥ IqSn h∂-t∏mƒ ]utemkv

]ns‰-∂mƒ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hm≥ `mhn-®-Xp-sIm≠v

Ah-tcmSp kw`m-jn®p ]mXn-cm-h-scbpw

]kwKw \oń (At∏m. 20:7).

Rm≥ h∂-tijw amXw tiJ-c-ap-≠m-Im-Xn-cn-

t°-≠-Xn\p BgvN-h-´ -Øn¬ H∂mw

\mƒtXmdpw \nß-fn¬ Hmtcm-cp-Ø≥ X\n°p

Ign-hp-≈Xp O¿±n®p Xs‚ ]°¬ sh®p-sIm-

≈Ww (1 sImcn. 16:2).

ssZh-h-N\w ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ k`-I-fn¬ \n∂p≈

B[p\nIhnizm-kn-Iƒ°v BZna-Ime k`m-Iq-Sn-h-chp

Iƒ Bizmk]Zambncp∂t√m F∂p tXm∂mw

AhnsS hN\ ]T\w D≠m-bn-cp-∂p (At∏m. 2:42; 1

sImcn. 19:19˛26; 1 Xnsam. 4:13; 2 Xnsam. 4:2), ]m´p-≠m-

bn-cp-∂p (1 sImcn. 14:26; Fs^. 5:19; sImsem. 3: 16),

klm-bn-°p-hm-\p≈ [\tiJcWßƒ D≠mbncp∂p

(-tdm-a. 15:26; 1 sImcn. 16:2; 2 sImcn. 8, 9), ]m¿∞-\

D≠mbncp∂p (A-t∏m. 2:42), kvt\l kZyIƒ

Dƒs∏sSbp≈ Iq´mbva D≠mbncp∂p (F-_m. 10:24,

25; bqZm. 12), Xncp-h-Ømghpw D≠mbncp∂p (A-t∏m.

20:7), ipiqjIƒ \SØnbncp∂Xv hoSpIfn

embncp∂p (1- sIm-cn. 16:19; sImsem. 4:15 apXembh)

amXa√ bmsXmcp Ie°hpan√msX(Nn¥m°pg∏w)

Iaambn \S∂ncp∂p( 1 sImcn. 14:33, 39). 1 sImcn.

14:26 ipiq-j-bpsS Hcp Iaw \¬Ip∂Xnt\mSv G‰

hpw ASpØphcp∂p≠v.

BI-bm¬ F¥p? ktlm-Z-∑msc \nßƒ IqSn-

h-cp-tºmƒ Hmtcm-cp-Ø\v k¶o¿Ø\w D≠v,

D]-tZiw D≠v, shfn-∏mSv D≠v, A\y- mj D≠v,

hymJym\w D≠v kI-ehpw Bflnb h¿≤-\-

bv°mbn DX-Is´ (1 sImcn. 14:26).

PÃn≥ am¿ńb¿ F. Un. 100˛167 hsc bnkm-tb-en¬

Pohn-®n-cp∂p. BZna Bcm[\mipiqjIsf°pdn

®p≈ At±lØns‚ hnhcWw shfns∏SpØp∂Xv

hfsc°pd®p amXta Imcyßƒ°p hyXymkw

h∂n´p≈p F∂mWv. AYhm Imcyamb am‰w

h∂nń√ F∂v AXv Nq≠n°mWn°p∂p:

""Rmb¿ F∂p hnfn-°p∂ Znhkw ]´-W-ß-fntem

tZitØm Xmakn°p∂ F√mhcpw Hcp ÿeØv

H∂n®pIqSp∂p; As∏mkvXe∑mcpsS Hm¿Ω°pdn∏p

Itfm ]hmNI∑mcpsS FgpØpItfm hmbn°p∂p;

kabw A\phZn°p∂nStØmfw AXp \o≠pt]m

Ipw; hmb\°mc≥ \n¿Øptºmƒ A[y£≥

hmsamgnbmbn \n¿t±iw \¬Ipw; hmbn®ptI´ \√

Imcyßƒ A\pIcn°phm≥ At±lw ]t_m[n∏n

°pw, ]ns∂ Rßsf√mhcpw Fgpt∂‰p\n∂p

]m¿∞n°pw, apºp ]d™Xpt]mse RßfpsS

]m¿∞\ Ahkm\n°ptºmƒ A∏w, ho™v,

sh≈w Ch sIm≠phcpw. A≤y£≥ apIfn¬

]d™ AtX coXnbn¬ Xs‚ ]m]vXnb\pkcn®v

]m¿∞\ Ign°pw, BfpIƒ Hcpan®v AXn\p

kΩXw Adnbn®v Bta≥ F∂p ]dbpw.... kmºØn

Itijnbp≈h¿, Ahch¿ C—n°p∂Xpt]mse,

klmb[\w sImSp°pw, Aßs\ tiJcn® IcpX¬

[\w A≤y£s\ `cta¬∏n°pw. At±lw AXv

A\y¿, ]ctZinIƒ F∂nßs\ H‰hm°n¬

]d™m¬ BhiyØnencn°p∂hcpsS ]cn]me\

Øn\v D]tbmKn°pw.1

6. HuZmcyw; \∑

bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Zcn-Z-cm-b-hsc klm-bn-°p-hm≥ Hcp

k`bv°p DØ-c-hm-ZnØw D≠v. klmbw sNtø≠Xv

hnizmknIfmbh¿°p amXambn´√; ]ns∂tbm

F√mh¿°pw; hntijm¬ hnizmknIƒ°pamWv.

BI-bm¬ Ahkcw In´pw-t]mse \mw F√m-

h¿°pw hnti-jm¬ kIe hnizm-kn-Iƒ°pw

\∑ sNbvI (Kem. 6:10).

hnizmknIƒ, ktlmZch¿§sØ klmbn°p∂

[mcmfw ZrjvSm¥ßƒ ]pXnb\nbaØnep≠v.

BhiyØnencn°p∂ a‰p hnizmknIsf klmbn°p

hm\p≈ Iev]\bpw ]pXnb\nbaw hnizmknIƒ°p

\¬Ip∂p≠v(A-t∏m. 2:44˛45; 4:32˛38; 11:28, 30; Kem.

2:10; 1 tbml. 3:17˛18; bmt°m. 1:27, 2:15- 16). B-cw- -

Ime k -Iƒ ]tXy-I-ambn hn[-h-am¿°p≈ ipiq-

j-Iƒ \n¿h-ln-®n-cp-∂p (A-t∏m. 6:1˛6; 1 Xnsam. 5:3˛16).

CXp ÿnc-ambn klm-bn-°p-hm-\p≈ kwhn-[m-\-am-

bn-cp-∂p. adn®v Xmev°m-en-I-ambncp∂n√; Xmev

°menIambn GsXmcmsf thWsa¶nepw klmbn

°m≥ Ignbpambncp∂p. GsX-¶nepw klm-b-ßƒ°v

A¿lX t\Sp -hm≥ Ir-Xy-ambn \n¿t±-i-ßƒ


1 Justin Martyr, The first Apology of Justin, in The Anti-NicenceFathers, ed. Alexander Roberts and James Donaldson,repriented., 10 vols. (Grand rapids: Wm. B. Eerdman Publish-ing Co., 1969, 1:186. (First Apology of Justin 67).

359

D≠mbncp-∂p. ]tXy-In®v XpS¿®-bmb \ne-bn¬

klmbw e`n-t°≠ hn[-h-am¿°v (2 sX . 3:10; 1

Xnsam. 5:4, 9˛11).

B. ]mtZ-inI k -bpsS `cWw

k`m c-W-Øn\v s]mXp-hmb aq∂p LS-\-bm-Wp-≈Xv.

F∏n-kvt°m-∏¬, ]nkv_n-t‰-dn-b≥, tIm¨KntKj

W¬(hnizmknIfpsS `cWw).

1. F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬

tdma≥ ItØm-en-°-k`, Bw•n-°≥ k`, F∏n-kvtIm-

∏¬ k`, saYUnÃv k`Iƒ BZnbmbh¿ ]n¥pScp

∂ `cWcq]amWnXv. G‰hpw Xe∏Øp≈bmƒ°v

G‰hpw henb A[nImcap≈ ÿm\obA[nImc

tiWnbptSXmb H∂mWnXv. tdma≥ ItØm-en°m

k`mkwhn-[m\w Bcw- n-°p-∂Xv t]m∏n¬ \n∂m-Wv.-

Xp-S¿∂v I¿±n-\mƒ , _nj-∏v, ]ptcm-ln-flm¿, ipiq-

j-I-∑m¿ ]n∂oSv km[m-cW P\-ßƒ.

Hcp hy‡n FX Bflm¿∞-ambn ian-®mepw thZ-

]p-kvX-I-Øn¬ Cu \ne-bn-ep≈ k`m `cWw Is≠-

Øp-hm≥I-gn-bp-I-bn-√. F¶nepw apIfn¬ \n∂p

Xmtg°p≈ A[nImcamXrI ss__nfn¬ \n∂pw

Nq≠n°m´n F∏nkvtIm∏¬ k` AXns‚ cWcoXn

D≠m°p∂p. AYhm `cW\n¿∆lWw \SØp∂p.

BZn-Ime k`-I-fn¬ At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿°v ]q¿Æ

A[n-Imcw D≠m-bn-cp∂p F∂-Xn\v bmsXmcp kwi-

b-hp-an-√.

\o ]tXmk v BIp∂p; Cu ]md-ta¬ Rm≥

Fs‚ k`sb ]Wnbpw ]mXm-f-tKm-]p-c-ßƒ

AXns\ Pbn-°p-I-bn√ F∂p Rm≥ \nß-

tfmSp ]d-bp∂p (aØmbn 16:18).

Xm≥ ]hm-N-I-s\t∂m Bfln-I-s\t∂m Hcp-

Ø\p tXm∂p-∂p-sh-¶n¬, Rm≥ \nßƒs°-

gp-Xp-∂Xv I¿Øm-hns‚ Iev]\ BIp-∂p-

sh∂p Ah≥ Adn -™p-sIm-≈s´

(1 sImcn. 14:37).

InkvXp-tbip Xs∂ aqe-°-√m-bn-cns°

\nßsf At∏m-kvX-e-∑mcpw ]hm-N-I-∑mcpw

F∂ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-t∑¬ ]Wn-Xn-cn-°p∂p

(Fs^. 2:20).

hnip≤ ]hm-N-I-∑m¿ ap≥ ]d™ hN-\-

ßfpw \nß-fpsS At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿ apJm-

¥ncw I¿Ømhpw c£n-Xm-hp-am-b-h≥ X∂

Iev]-\bpw Hm¿Øp-sIm-f-f-W-sa∂p Cu

teJ\w c≠n-\mepw Rm≥ \nßsf Hm¿Ω-s∏-

SpØn \nß-fpsS ]c-am¿∞ a\ v DW¿

Øp∂p (2 ]sXm. 3:2).

\nßtfm; ]nb-sc, \ΩpsS I¿Øm-hmb tbip-

In-kvXp-hns‚ At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿ ap≥ ]d™

hm°p-Isf tIƒ∏n≥ (bqZm. 17).

At∏m. ]h. 15˛¬ PmXn-I-fn¬\n∂p hnizkn®p

h∂hsc ]cnt—Z\ sNøp∂ hnjbØn¬ k` hen

b t]mcm´ØneqsS IS∂pt]mIpIbmWv. Cu ktΩ

f\Øn¬ A[nImcw As∏mkvXe∑mcnepw aq∏∑mcn

epambncp∂p. A√msX samØØn¬ k`bv°√mbncp

∂p(A-t∏m. 15:2, 6˛Dw t\m°pI). AXp-t]mse

XotØmkv 1 epw 1 Xnsam. 3 epw Hmtcm k`bn¬ aq∏-

∑msc sXc-s™-Sp -°p -hm -\p≈ A[n -Imcw

\¬Ip∂Xv At∏m-kvX-e-\mb ]temkmWv. C]Im

cw Nn¥n°ptºmƒ BZnak`bn¬ D≠mbncp∂

A[nImcLS\, Db¿∂bmfn¬\n∂v Xmtg°v

F∂hÆap≈ tiWnbmbncp∂psh∂p ImWmw:˛

At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿, aq∏-∑m¿, ipiq-j-I-∑m¿, s]mXp

k`.

BZn-a-k- -bpsS c-W-kw-hn-[m-\-Øn-te°v ]q¿Æ-ambn

aS-ßn-t∏m-IpI F∂Xv Akm-≤y-am-Wv. Dbn¿sØ-gp-

t∂‰ I¿Øm-hns\ I≠-h-cmcpw C∂v Pohn-®n-cn-∏n-

√m-bvI-sIm≠v C∂v At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cn√ (A-t∏m. 1:

21, 22; 1 sImcn. 9:1). At∏m-kvX-enI A[n-Im-c-ßƒ

\ne-hn-en-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ ]pXn-b-\n-ba amXrItbmSv

Ipsd°qsS ASp∏ap≈ `cWcoXn kzbw`cWmhIm

iap≈ Hmtcm k`bnepw aq∏≥ ]cn]me\w \SØp∂

coXnbmWv.

2. ]kv_n-t‰-dn-b≥ k`m- -cWw

]nkv_n-t‰-dn-b≥ k`, \thm-∞m\ ]c-º-cy-ap≈ k`

AXp-t]mse Nne ss__nƒ k -Iƒ F∂n-hn-S-ß-

fn¬ Cu `cWw ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bpw.

BZy-Ime k -I-fn¬ D∂-X-amb A[n-Imcw D≠m-bn-

cp-∂Xv At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿°m-Wv. F∂n-cp-∂mepw aq∏-

∑msc At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cpsS hn`mKØnembncp∂p

KWn®Xv. k`mt\XrXztØmSv A\pkcWw ]pe¿

ØWsa∂p ]Tn∏n°p∂ A\h[n hmIyßfp≠v.

At∏mkvXe∑m¿ Ign™pt]mb tijhpw,

XncphN\ ZrjvSm¥tØmSv G‰hpw ASpØXv

]kv_nt‰dnb≥ k`m`cWamsW∂ \n¿Æbhpambn

CXv \∂mbn CWßnt®cp∂p(aq∏≥ F∂Xns‚

Ko°p]Zamb "s]kv_p‰tdmkv' ¬ \n∂pamWnXv).

aq∏-≥ `c-Wsa∂ BibØn\v as‰mcp ]n¥pW

""\n£n]vXambncn°p∂ A[nImcßfmWv.'' Hcp

ZuXyw `cta¬∏n°ptºmƒ AXp \n¿∆ln°phm\p

≈ A[nImchpw A¥¿eo\ambncn°pat√m. Hcp

DØ-c-hm-ZnØzw ssZhw \sΩ Gev∏n-®m¬ AXv


360

\n¿h-ln-°p-hm-\p≈ A[n-Imcw IqsS AhnSp∂p

\evIp-∂psh∂v \n¿Æbn°p∂Xv G‰hpw A[nIw

\ymbamWv.- k`sb \bn-°p-hm\pw kwc-£n-°p-hm-

\p-ap-≈ -A-[n-Imcw aq∏-∑m¿°v ssZh-h-N\w \evIp-

∂p. Ah-cpsS DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-ßƒ \n¿h-ln-°p-hm-

\p≈ A[n-Imcw IqsS ssZhw Ah¿°v \evIp-∂-

Xmbn \ap°v A\p-am-\n-°mw.

\nß-sf-Ø-s\bpw Xm≥ kz¥-c-‡-Øm¬


tabv∏m≥ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp \nßsf A[y-£-

cm°n h® Bń≥Iq´w apgp-h-s\bpw kq£n-

®p-sImƒhn≥ (At∏m. ]h. 20:28).

ktlm-Z-c-∑m-sc, \nß-fpsS CS-bn¬ A≤zm-\n-

°p-Ibpw I¿Øm-hn¬ \nßsf `cn-°p-Ibpw

]t_m-[n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-hsc Adn™p

Ah-cpsS the \nanØw G‰hpw kvt\l-

tØmsS hnNm-cn-t°Ww F∂p \nß-tfmSp

At]-£n-°p∂p (1 sX . 5:12).

kz¥ IpSpw-_sØ `cn-∏m≥ Adn-bm-Ø-h≥

ssZh-k-`sb Fßs\ ]cn -]m-en°pw?

(1 Xnsam. 3:5).

\∂mbn `cn-°p∂ aq∏-∑msc ]tXyIw hN-

\-Ønepw D]-tZ-i-Ønepw A≤zm-\n-°p-∂-hsc

Xs∂ Ccń am\-Øn\v tbmKy-cmbn FÆp-I

(1 Xnsam. 5:17).

\nßsf \S-Øp-∂-hsc A\p-k-cn®v Iog-S-ßn-

bn-cn-∏n≥; Ah¿ IW°p t_m[n-∏n-t°-≠p-

∂-h-cm-I-bm¬ \nß-fpsS Bflm-°ƒ°p-

th≠n PmK-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. -C-Xv A-h¿ Rc-ßn-

s°m-≠√ kt¥m-j-tØmsS sNbvhm≥ CS-h-

cp-Øp-hn≥. A√m-™m¬ \nßƒ°p \∂√

(F_m. 13:17).

\nß-fn-ep≈ aq∏-∑msc Hcp Iq´p-aq-∏\pw

InkvXp-hns‚ IjvSm-\p- -h-Øn\v km£nbpw

shfn-s∏-Sp-hm-\p≈ tXP- n\v Iq´m-fn-bp-amb

Rm≥ ]t_m-[n -∏n -°p -∂Xv: \nßfpsS

hnNmcWbnep≈ ssZhØns‚ Bń≥Iq

´sØ tabv®psImƒhn≥. \n¿_‘Øme√,

ssZhØn\v lnXamw hÆw a\]q¿∆ambpw

ZpcmKltØmsSb√, Dt∑jtØmSpw

CShIIfpsS ta¬ I¿ØrXzw \SØp∂hcm

bn´√(1 ]sXm). 5:1˛2).

BZnak`bnse t\XrXzssien(As∏mkvXe∑m¿

F∂ Hcp LSIw Hgn®m¬) Hcp B[p\nIthZ

]mTimebpsStbm t]jnXbXv\Øns‚tbm

`cW®paXe \SØp∂ ""\n¿∆mlIkanXn''bv°p

kam\ambncp∂psh∂p ho£n°p∂XmWpØaw.

\nehnep≈ aq∏∑m¿, kzbw \n¬\n¬°p∂ ]h¿

ØkanXnsb∂\nebn¬, t\Xr\ncbnte°v ]pXnb

BfpIsf Xncs™Sp°p∂p.

aq∏-∑m-cpsS ssIsh-t∏m-Sp-IqsS ]h-N-\-

Øm¬ \n\°p e`n-®-Xmbn \n∂n-ep≈ Ir]m-

hcw Dt]-£-bmbn hnNm-cn-°msX \ns‚ A`n-

hr≤n F√m-h¿°pw ]kn-≤-am-bn-Øo-tc-≠-Xn\v

CXp Icp-XpI (1 Xnsam. 4:14).

k`m t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp∂ kl-]-h¿Ø-

Isc aq∏-∑m¿ imkn-°p-Ibpw/ X¬ÿm-\-Øp-\n∂p

\o°p-Ibpw sNbvXn- p≠v.

c≠p aq∂p km£n-Iƒ aptJ-\-b-√msX Hcp

aq∏s‚ t\sc A\ymbw FSp-°-cp-Xv. ]m]w

sNøp-∂-hsc tij-ap-≈-h¿°pw `b-Øn\mbn

F√m-hcpw tIƒs° imkn°

(1 Xnsam. 5: 19˛20).

t\Xr-XzsØ sXc-s™-Sp-°-∂-Xnepw k -bpsS kp]-

[m\ Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°p-∂-Xnepw ktlmZc-kw-L-

Øns‚ ]¶m-fnØn\v CSw sImSpt°≠Xp≠v; aq∏∑m

tcmSv B⁄m]n®ncn°p∂Xv, k`bpsS ta¬ ""I¿

ØrXzw'' \SØcpXv F∂mbncn°bm¬ hnizmknI

fpsS ]¶mfnØw ]k‡amWv(1 ]sXm. 5:3). ChnsS

bpw, ]pXnb\nbak`bnse A[nImcw apIfn¬

\n∂pw Xmtg°mbncp∂p. As∏mkvsXmenIm[nImcw

\nse®Xns‚ êamImw an°hmdpw aq∏≥`cWw.

3. tIm¨KntKjW¬(hnizmknIfpsS `cWw)

Hcp P\m[n]Xy hyhÿnXnbn¬ P\ßfpsS cWw

P\kΩnXnbm¿÷n°psa∂p ]Xo£n°mw. \yq

Cw•≠nse BZna Atacn°≥kÌƒ tIm¨KntK

jW¬ kÌfmbncp∂p; CXv C∂phsc ]e hn`mK

ßfnepw XpScpIbpw sNøp∂p≠v; ]tXyIn®pw

_m]v‰nÃpImcpw a‰p ]e ss__nƒ N¿®pImcpw Cu

\ne ]n≥XpScp∂p≠v.

]q¿Æambpw hnizmkIƒXs∂ k`m`cWw

\SØp∂Xv D]tZi]camb ssh]coXyamsW∂p

XcwXncn°m≥ BcpwXs∂ BKln°p∂n√, F∂m

¬ k`m`cWØns‚ aq∂pcq]ßfn¬ sh®v ]pXnb\n

bak`bpambn G‰hpw Ipd™ kmayw amXta Cu

`cWcoXn°p≈q; DZmlcWambn sImcn¥nse

k`bv°v Hcp thmń v ]utemkns‚ A[nImcsØ

X≈n°fbm≥ Ignbpambncp∂psh∂v \ap°v

JWvUnXambn Dd∏n°m\mhptam? AXnep]cn,

tIm¨KntKjW¬`cWw hsc A]mtbmKnIhpa


361

sX. F√m hnizmknIfpw Db¿∂ BflnIcmsW¶n

¬t]mepw(hfsc A]q¿∆w) _p≤n]camb Xocpam\

ßsfSp°p∂Xn¬, hensbmcp Iq´sØ apgph≥

t_m≤ys∏SpØn, A°mcyw sNøpI hfsc _p≤nap

´mWv. ]tXyIn®p Hcp hnjbw ""sshImcnIt£m`w''

Dfhm°p∂XmsW¶n¬ ImcyØns‚ KXnsb¥mIpw?

km[yamIp∂nStØmfw kzImcyambn´t√ AØcw

hnjbßƒ ssIImcyw sNtø≠Xv? k`bnse

A®S°w AYhm in£Ww hnizmknIƒ H∂S¶w

thm´n v \n¿∆ln°pI F∂ph∂m¬ A]cnlmcyamb

AXym]Ømbncn°pw ActßdpI.

hnizmknIfpsS cWsØ ]n≥Xmßphm≥ D]tbmKn

°p∂ ss__nƒZrjvSm¥ßƒ, bYm¿∞Øn¬,

]q¿Æambpw hnizmknIfpsS `cWØn\p≈ ZrjvSm

¥ßƒ \¬Ip∂n√. As∏m. ]hr. 6:1˛6 hsc,

hnizmknIfpsS \nb¥WØn\v ap≥amXrI \¬Ip

∂psh∂v Nne¿ hmZn°p∂p≠v. At∏mkvXe∑mcmWv

bcpiteanse k`tbmSv Cu hmKvZm\w sNbvXXv;-

""ktlm-Z-c-∑m-sc, Bflmhpw ⁄m\hpw \nd™p

\√ km£y-a≈ Ggp ]pcp-j-∑msc \nß-fn¬ Xs∂

Xnc-™p-sImƒhn≥. Ahsc Cu thebv°p B°mw''.

Cu kw`hw ASpØp ]cntim[n°ptºmƒ BXy¥n

Iambn A[nImcw As∏mkvXe∑m¿ Xs∂ amdmsX

kq£n®ncp∂psh∂p ImWmw. H∂maXv Xncs™Sp

°phm\p≈ A\phmZw As∏mkvXe∑m¿ k`bv°p

\¬In; F∂m¬ k`bpsS klmbw IqSmsX B

Xncs™Sp∏v As∏mkvXe∑m¿ Xs∂ sNbvXncps∂

¶n¬ bmsXmcp ]niIpw Ah¿ hcpØpambncp∂n√.

IqSmsX Cu ]pcpj∑msc HutZymKnI DØchmZnØ

Øn¬ ]XnjvTn®Xnepw BXy¥nI A[nImcw

As∏mkvXe∑m¿°mbncp∂p. k`bpsS sXcs™Sp

∏ns\ Ah¿°p thWsa¶n¬ Akm[phm°mambn

cp∂p. C]Imcw As∏mkvXe∑m¿ k`bv°v

]¶mfnØw A\phZn®t∏mgpw(_p≤n]q¿∆amb Hcp

ap≥amXrI)BXy¥nIm[nImcw As∏mkvXe∑m¿

Xs∂ \ne\n¿Ønbncp∂p. A. ]r. 6:1˛6 hscbp≈

thZ`mKØv k`bpsS ]¶v Dƒs°m≈p∂psh¶nepw

bYm¿∞Øn¬ BZnak`bn¬ BXy¥nIA[nImcw

As∏mkvXe∑m¿°mbncp∂psh∂Xns‚ as‰mcp

DZmlcWamWnXv.

tIm¨KntKjW¬ `cWØns‚ ZrjvSm¥ßfmbn

IcpXmhp∂ a‰p≈hbpw \ap°v DØat_m[yw hcp

Øp∂hb√. As∏mkvXe∑m¿°mbncp∂p BZnak

`bn¬ BXy¥nI A[nImcw; Ah¿°p tijw

aq∏∑m¿°pw. As∏mkvXe∑m¿ Hcn°¬ am‰s∏´

tXmsS thZ]pkvXIamXrItbmSv G‰hpw

ASpsØØn \n¬°p∂Xv aq∏≥`cWw AYhm

]kv_nt‰ dnb≥ coXnbmWv.

4. k`m`cWw kw_‘n® kam]\w

A[nImcw A\mflnIcmb BfpItfmsSm∏w A[n

hkn®m¬ GXphn[ k`m`cWhpw h≥ ]cmPbØn

te°v apgph\mbpw \n]Xn°pIbmbncn°pw. ZpjvScmb

aq∏∑mcpsS `cWtØ°mƒ Xo¿®bmbpw Bflo

bcmb BfpIƒ tIm¨KntKjW¬ `cWw \SØp

∂Xmbncn°pw D¬°rjvSw. F¶nepw ]pXnb\nba

k`m[nImcw apIfn¬\n∂p Xmtg°mWv; k`mP\ß

fn¬\n∂pw t\XrXz\ncbnte°√. aq∏∑m¿ 1 Xnsam.

3˛sebpw XotØm. 1˛sebpw tbmKyXIƒ D≈hcm

bncn°p∂nStØmfw AhcpsS A[nImcw ssZhØn

¬ \n∂pamWv; P\ßfn¬ \n∂√. ]gb\nbaØnepw

]pXnb\nbaØnepw ZrjvSm¥ambn°mWmhp∂

amXrIbmWnXv.

C. k -bpsS Npa-X-e-°m¿

k -bpsS c≠v Npa-X-e-°msc hN\w hy‡-ambn ]cm-

a¿in-°p-∂p. aq∏-∑m-cpw ipiq-j-I-∑mcpw aq∂m-atØ

Xv, ipiqj°mcØn F∂XmWv; AXv AXtØmfw

Ak∂nKv≤hpa√.

1. aq∏≥, CS-b≥, A≤y-£≥ ChbpsS kam\X

Hcp ]mtZinIk`bpsS BflnI\SØn∏pImcs\

°pdn°p∂ aq∂p hm°pIƒ Ko°p aqeKŸw

\¬Ip∂p≠v:˛ F-∏n-kvt°m-t∏mk v CXn¬ \n∂pw

F∏nkvt°m∏¬ F∂ t]cp-≠m-bn. CXns‚ A¿∞w

Hmh¿ko-b¿(ta¬hn-Nm-c-I≥) F∂mWv F∏n= "apI-

fn¬' (F-∏n-U¿an-kv: ]pdw-sXm-en), kvtImt∏mkv=

ImgvN (DZm: ssa-tIm-kvt°m-∏v, sSe-kvt°m∏v

apXembh). KJV bn¬ F∏n-kvt°m-t∏mkv F∂Xv

"A≤y-£≥' (_n-j-∏v) F∂v X¿÷na sNbvXn-cn-°p-

∂p. Hcp k`-bpsS BflnI \SØn∏pImsc

""s]mbvao≥'' F∂p hnfn®ncp∂p. AXns‚b¿∞w

"CSb≥' F∂mWv; Cw•ojnte°v ]mÃ¿ F∂v

X¿÷a sNømhp∂ ]ZamWnXv. aq∂masØ Hcp

]Zw "s]kv_p‰tdmkv' F∂XmWv; CXn¬\n∂pamWv

s]kv_nt‰dnb≥' F∂ hm°v \ap°v e`n®Xv.

CXns‚ A¿∞w "aq∏≥' F∂mWv. ]pXnb\nbaw

Cu ]Zßƒ CSIe¿Øn D]tbmKn°p∂Xp

Nq≠n°mWn°phm≥ Ffp∏a sX. Ch aq∂pw

hyXykvX HutZymKnIÿm\ßtfm, hyXykvX

A[nImc]ZhnItfm Bbn ]pXnb \nbaw

ho£n°p∂n√.

Rm≥ tIØ-bn¬ \ns∂ hnt´-®p-t]m-∂Xv

tijn® Imcy-ßsf Ia-Øn-em-t°-≠-Xn\pw


362

Rm≥ \nt∂mSp B⁄m-]n-®Xp t]mse ] -

Ww -tXmdpw aq∏-∑msc B°n-h-bvt°-≠-Xn\pw

Xs∂. aq∏≥ Ip‰-an-√m-Ø-h\pw GI- m-cy-bp-

≈-h\pw Zp¿∂-S-∏ns‚ ipXntbm A\p-k-c-W-

t°tSm C√mØ hnizm-kn-I-fmb a°-fp-≈-

h\pw Bbn-cn-°-Ww. A≤y-£≥ ssZh-Øns‚

Krl-hn-Nm-c-I≥ Bbn-cn-°-bm¬ A\n-µy≥

Bbn-cn-°-Ww. X∂n-jvS-°m-c\pw tIm]nbpw

aZy-]n-b\pw X√p-Im-c\pw Zp¿√m-`-tam-lnbpw

AcpX.v Hcp-h≥ A≤y-£-ÿm\w Imw£n-°p-

∂p-sh-¶n¬ \√ the BK-ln-°p∂p F∂p-

≈Xp hnizm-k-tbm-Ky-am-Ip∂p(XosØm. 1:5˛7

cf. 1 Xnsam. 3:1 ff ).

ante-tØm-kn¬ \n∂p Ah≥ Fs -tkm-kn-

te°p Bf-b®p k -bnse aq∏-∑msc hcpØn

... -_-‘-\-ßfpw IjvS-ßfpw F\n-°mbn

ImØn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂p ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp ] -Ww-

tXmdpw km£yw ]d-bp-∂-X-√msX AhnsS

F\n°p t\cn-Sp-hm-\p-≈Xp H∂pw Rm≥ Adn-

bp-∂n√ (At∏m. 20:17, 28).

\nß-fn-ep≈ aq∏-∑msc Hcp-Iq´p aq∏\pw

InkvXp-hns‚ IjvSm-\p- -h-Øn\p km£nbpw

shfn-s∏Sp-hm-\p≈ tXP- n\p Iq´m-fn-bp-amb

Rm≥ ]t_m-[n-∏n-°p-∂Xv \nß-fpsS hnNm-c-

W-bn-ep≈ ssZh-Øns‚ B´n≥Iq-´sØ

tabn-®p-sImƒhn≥. \n¿_-‘-Øm-e√ ssZh-

Øn\p lnX-amw-hÆw a\-]q¿∆-ambpw Zpcm-K-

l-tØm-sS-b√ D\vta-j-tØm-sSbpw CS-h-I-I-

fp-sS-ta¬ I¿XrXzw \S-Øp-∂-h-cm-bn-´√

(1 ]sXm. 5:1˛2).

hN-\-]-Imcw CS-b≥, aq∏≥, Imcy-hn-Nm-c-I≥, A≤y-

£≥ F∂o ]Z-ßƒ XΩn¬ bmsXmcp hyXym-k-hp-

an-√. Cu ImeØp \nehnencn°p∂ k`m`cIqSßƒ

Hcp aq∏s‚ DØchmZnØßƒ H∂ne[nIw

]pcpj∑m¿°p \¬IpIbpw Ahsc aq∏∑msc∂p

hnfn°mXncn°bpw sNøp∂psh∂p CtXmSp tN¿Øp

]dbp∂Xv ][m\w Xs∂. AXpt]mse, Hcp ÿm\w

\¬In AXns\ ""aq∏≥'' F∂v k`Iƒ t]¿ hnfnt®

°mw. ]t£ ]pXnb\nbaw hy‡am°p∂ aq∏s‚

NpaXebpambn AXn\v bmsXmcp kmayhpw D≠mbn

cn°bpan√. ""aq∏≥'' F∂ ÿm\t∏cp hnfn°ps∂¶n

¬, 1 Xnsam. 3˛epw XosØm. 1˛epw ImWp∂ amXrIm

khntijXIfpw DØchmZnØ\n¿∆lWhpw

hnfßn°mWptºmƒ amXamIp∂Xmbncn°pw

G‰hpw \√Xv.

2. aq∏-∑m¿°p≠mbncnt°≠ hninjvSKpWßƒ

AYhm tbmKyXIƒ

aq∏∑m¿°p≠mbncnt°≠ hninjvSKpWßfpsS

hnhcw ]pXnb\nbaw ]kn≤am°p∂p≠v. 18 hb n

\pta¬ ]mbap≈ Hcp ]pcpj\mb k`mwKambncn

°Ww F∂Xnt\°mƒ A[nIamWv AhnsS

A¥¿`hn®n´p≈Xv.

""Hcph≥ A≤y£ÿm\w Imw£n°p∂p

F¶n¬ \√ the BKl°p∂p F∂p≈Xv

hnizmktbmKyw BIp∂p. F∂m¬ A≤y£≥

\nc]hmZy\mbn GI `mcybpsS `¿Ømhpw

\n¿ΩZ\pw PntXµnb\pw kpioe\pw AXnYn

]nb\pw D]tZin∏m≥ ka¿∞\pw Bbncn

t°Ww. aZy]nb\pw X√pImc\pw AcpXv;

im¥\pw Ieln°mØh\pw ZhymKlan√m

Øh\pw kz¥IpSpw_sØ \∂mbn cn°p∂

h\pw a°sf ]q¿Æ KuchtØmsS A\pkc

WØn¬ ]men°p∂h\pw Bbncnt°Ww.

kz¥IpSpw_sØ `cn∏m≥ AdnbmØh≥

ssZhk`sb Fßs\ ]cn]men°pw?

\nKfn®n´p ]nimNn∂p h∂ in£mhn[nbn¬

AIs∏Sm Xncn∏m≥ ]pXnb injy\pw AcpXv.

\nµbnepw ]nimNns‚ sIWnbnepw IpSpßm

Xncn∏m≥ ]pdtabp≈htcmSp \√ km£yw

]m]n®h \pw Bbncnt°Ww(1 Xnsam. 3:1˛7).

Rm≥ tIØ-bn¬ \ns∂ hnt´-®p-t]m-∂Xv


Rm≥ \nt∂mSp B⁄m-]n-®Xp t]mse ] -

Ww-tXmdpw aq∏-∑msc B°n-h-bvt°-≠-Xn\pw

Xs∂. aq∏≥ Ip‰-an-√m-Ø-h\pw GI- m-cy-bp-

≈-h\pw Zp¿∂-S-∏ns‚ ipXntbm A\p-k-c-W-

t°tSm C√mØ hnizm-kn-I-fmb a°-fp-≈-

h\pw Bbn-cn-°-Ww. A≤y-£≥ ssZh-Øns‚

Krl-hn-Nm-c-I≥ Bbn-cn-°-bm¬ A\n-µy≥

Bbn-cn-°-Ww. X∂n-jvS-°m-c\pw tIm]nbpw

aZy-]n-b\pw X√p-Im-c\pw Zp¿√m-`-tam-lnbpw

AcpXv. AXn-Yn-]n-b\pw kXvKp-W-]n-b\pw

kpt_m[ ioe\pw \oXn-am\pw \n¿Ω-e\pw

PntX-µn-b\pw ]tYym-]-tZ-i-Øm¬ ]t_m-[n-

∏n-∏m\pw hntcm-[n-Iƒ°v t_m[w hcp-Øp-

hm\pw i‡-\m-tI-≠-Xn\p D]-tZ-i-]-Im-c-ap≈

hnizm-ky-h-N\w apdpsI ]nSn-°p-∂-h\pw Bbn-

cn-°-Ww (XotØm. 1:5˛9).

a. s]mXphmb tbmKyXIƒ

""\nc]hmZy≥''˛ Hcp aq∏≥ k`bpsS _lpaXn°v

CSnhphcpØp∂ KpcpXcamb km∑m¿§nI If¶ßƒ


363

C√mØbmfmbncn°Ww. Hcmƒ ]cn]q¿Æt\m

]m]clnXt\m Bbncn°Wsa∂√ CXn\¿∞w;

adn®v, k`bv°p lm\nIcsa∂v hmkvXhambn sXfn

bn°m≥ Ignbp∂ KpcpXcamb Ip‰mtcm]Whpambn

Bcpw aptºm´p hcm\nSbmIcpXv F∂mWv.

b. km∑m¿§nI tbmKyXIƒ

""GI- m-cy-bpsS ¿Ømhv''˛ hnhn[Xcw ho£Wßƒ

°v hnizmknIƒ klnjvWpX A\phZn°psa¶n¬

AXv G‰hpw \√Xv; F∂m¬ Hcp aq∏\mbn \ma\n¿

t±iw sNøs∏Sp∂bmƒ°v B kabØv, D∂X

km∑m¿§nI aqeyßƒ D≠mbncn°Wsa∂v s]mXp

hmbn \n¿Æbn°pI. Ko°nse A£coIssien

""GIkvXobpsS ]pcpj≥'' F∂mWv. Nne¿

FÆØn\v Du∂¬ \¬In, aq∏≥ hnhmltamN\w

\SØnb Btfm ]p\¿ hnhmlnXt\m BIm≥

]mSn√ F∂p hmZn°p∂p. a‰p≈hcmIs´ tbmKyXbv

°v(KpW\nehmcw) Du∂¬ \¬Ip∂p. CXns‚b¿

∞w Hcp aq∏\v ""GIkvXo BZ¿ihpw'' s]cpam‰hpw

D≠mbncn°Wsa∂tX. Cu ho£Wa\pkcn®v

Hcmƒ Hcn°epw hnhmltamN\w \SØnbnńs√¶n

epw, At±lw Xs‚ `mcysb kvt\ln°mØbmfm

sW¶n¬, AtbmKyX Iev]n°Wsa∂mWv. IqSmsX,

apºv hnhmltamN\w \SØnb Hcmƒ°v ]n¬°me

Øv ""GIkvXobpsS ]pcpj≥'' BImat√m. Cu

FgpØpImc≥ ]cnKWn°p∂Xv ""GIkvXobpsS

]pcpj≥'' F∂Xv KpW\nehmc]ImcamsW∂tX.

c. am\-knI tbmKyXIƒ

""\n¿ΩZ≥, PntX-µn-b≥, kpio-e≥, D]-tZ-in-∏m≥

ka¿∞≥''

""\n¿Ω-Z≥'' Hcp Xocp-am\w FSp-t°≠n hcp-tºmtgm

kXyw shfn-s∏-Sp-tØ≠n hcp-tºmtgm Hcp aq∏\v

hy‡-amb, hkvXp \njvT-amb, Icp-X-ep≈, bmYm-

kvXnI Nn¥-bp≈, hn[n-bp-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. Ahs‚

Xocp-am\w sshIm-cn-Itam, hy‡n-Xm-ev]-cy-tam, ]kn-

≤ntbm, euInI ImgvN-∏mtSm CXn-\m¬ H∂pw taLm-

hr-X-am-Ip-hm≥ ]mSn-√. -Hcp aq∏≥ ""kaNnØbp≈h

\pw'' hN-\-Ønse kXy-Øn-\p-th≠n \ne-\n-ev°p-

∂h\pw Bbn-cn-°Ww (I-cp-X-ep-≈-h≥, bmYm-ÿn-

XnI Nn¥m-K-Xn-bp-≈-h≥, D]-tZ-i-Øns‚ Im‰n-\m¬

Ae-™p-g-em-Ø-h≥).

""PntX-µn-b≥''-˛(kzb-\n-b-¥-Wap≈h≥ NIV)(kpt_m[ap≈ KJV) Cu ]ZØn\v A¿∞ßfpsS

Hcp \o≠ \ncXs∂bp≠v. ASn-ÿm\ hm°v A¿∞-

am -°p -∂Xvip≤ a\ v F∂m-Wv. CXmWv

"PntXµnb≥' F∂ \nebn¬ X¿÷a sNøp∂Xn

te°v \bn°p∂Xv. F¥m-bmepw Hcmƒ hnthInbpw

Cµnbßƒ°pta¬ Pbap≈h\pw BIp-∂Xv in£-

W-Øn¬Iq-sSbpw kzb-\n-b-¥-W-Øn¬Iq-sS-bp-am-Wv.

Hcp CS-b≥/aq∏≥ Xs‚ PohnXw, ]hrØn Ch-sb-

°p-dn®v Kuc-hhpw in£Whp-ap-≈-h-\m-bn-cn-°Ww

F∂p ]d-bm-dp-≠v. Ah≥ InkvXp-hns‚ ]hr-Øn-

sb-°p-dn®v Bg-ambn Nn¥n-°p-∂-h-\m-Wv. Ahs‚

Dt±iw Hcp ""\√ kabw'' D≠m-IpI F∂X√. Ah≥

k`m]-h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ G¿s∏-Sp-tºmƒ hnUvVn-thjw

sI´p-∂-h-\-√. ]ns∂-tbm, Kuc-h-ap≈ Cµn-b-tKm-N-

c-am-b, hnth-I-ap-≈, ]cn-⁄m-\sØ At\z-jn-°p∂

a\- p-≈-h-\m-bn-cn-°-Ww.

""kpio-e≥'' ˛ CXns‚ aqe]Zw \ΩpsS `mjbnse

(cosmetic) ""kuµcyh¿≤Iamb'' F∂ hm°nt\mSv

_‘s∏ńcn°p∂p. ""am\yamb'' s]cpam‰hpambn

CXv _‘s∏ńcn°p∂p. F∂ncp∂mepw Cu ]]

©w(cosmos) Hcp IaoIrXhyhÿbmbncn°p∂Xp

t]mse cosmetic F∂ ]Zw ""Iaw'' F∂ Bibhpw

\¬Ip∂p≠v. Hcp aq∏\v IamkqXnXhpw ]h¿Ø\

£ahpamb Hcp kao]\ambncn°Ww ipiqjtbmSv

D≠mbncnt°≠Xv. At±lw ]pdwImgvNbn¬ amXw

""am\y''\mbncp∂m¬ t]mcm; At±lØn\v kab

Iahpw ipiqjbpw ImcytijntbmsS \n¿∆ln°p

hm≥ Ignbpw. At±lw amcIkmlNcyßsf A`nap

JoIcn°pIbpw kµ¿ikabßƒ ]men°pIbpw

ASp°pw Nn´bpw C√mØ Ahÿsb IaØnem

°m≥ ]nbs∏SpIbpw sNøp∂p.

""D]-tZ-in-∏m≥ ka¿∞≥'' ˛ Hmtcm aq∏s‚bpw

][m\ ZuXyw ]c-ky-]-kwKw BsW∂p Cu

khntijX A¿∞-am-°p-∂n-√. 1 Xn-sam. 5:17

]Imcw, ]kw-Kn-°p∂ aq∏-∑mcpw `c-W-\n-b-¥Ww

sNøp∂ aq∏-∑mcpw D≠v. F¶nepw `c-W-\n-b-¥Ww

\S-Øp∂ aq∏∑m¿ k`mhnizmknIsf k`bpsS D]-

tZiw Fs¥∂v Ipd™]£w ]Xntcm[n°phm\pw

hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-hm\pw Ign-b-Ø° \ne-bn¬ kmam¿

∞yw t\Sp∂Xnte°v Dbcpamdv ]Tn∏n°p∂Xn\v Ign-

hp-≈-h≥ Bbn-cn-°-Ww. IqSmsX Hmtcm aq∏\pw

CcpØwh∂ ]kwKI≥ As√¶n¬t∏mepw ssZh

hN\w `wKmbmbn ssIImcyw sNøphm≥ (kw-km-c-

Øn-epw, A\u-tZym-KnI ÿm\-Øpw) Ign-hp-≈-h-\m-

bn-cn-°-Ww. Npcp-°-Øn¬ XncpshgpØpIƒ \∂mbn

Adn™pIqSmØ ]pcpj∑m¿ aq∏∑mcmIphm≥

]mSn√.

d. hy‡n-Xzw kw_‘n® tbmKyXIƒ

""AXn-Yn-]n-b≥, aZy-]n-b-\pw, X√p-Im-c\pw Acp-Xv.

im¥\pw Ie-ln-°m-Ø-h-\pw, Zhym-K-l-an-√m-

Øh\pw''


364

""AXn-Yn-]n-b≥'' ˛ CXns‚ Ko°v hm°v A¿∞-am-

°p-∂Xv ""A]-cn-NnXsc kvt\ln-°pI'' F∂m-Wv.

Bcw` Ime k -I-fn¬ ]oUn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂ InkvXym-

\n-I-fmb A -bm¿∞n-Iƒ°v A`bw \evIp-hm-\p≈

kµ¿`w D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°v ]e

\∑-Ifpw sNbvXXp IqSmsX Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw Zb

ImWn-®n-cp-∂p. Kem. 6:10. \mw CXv Cu ImeL´Øn

epw ]mtbm-KnIamt°-≠-Xm-Wv. bmX sNøp∂

InkvXob ]h¿Ø-I¿°v AXn-Yn -k-Xv°mcw

\evIpI, A¿l-cmb Zcn-Z¿°v klmbw sNøpI, k -

bn-te°v hcp∂ ]pXnb Bfp-I-sfbpw kµ¿i-I-sc-

bpw-kzm-KXw sNøp-I, XpS-ßn-bh aq∏-∑m-cpsS DØ-

c-hm-Zn-Ø-ß-fm-Wv.

""aZy-]n-b\pw AcpXv'' Cu tbmKyX h¿÷\w Bh-

iy-s∏-Sp-∂n-√m-bn-cn-°mw. F∂m¬ I¿i\amb kwb-

a\w Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p. Hcp aq∏≥ InkvXob kzmX

¥yw a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw Xs‚ kzmX-¥y-Øn\v \nb-

¥Ww G¿s∏SpØp∂Xv, ]IzXbnseØmØ

hnizmknIsf klmbn°psa¶n¬ AXn\p k∑\ p

≈h\pw Bbncnt°Ww(tdma. 14:21 ImWpI).

""X√p-Im-c\pw AcpXv''˛ a‰p-≈-hsc `b-s∏-Sp-Øn

`cn°m≥ kzi‡n D]tbmKn°p∂h≥ F∂mWv.

Aev]w Abhp hcpØn ]cmh¿Ø\w sNømhp∂Xv.

Aklys∏SpØnbm¬ apjvSnsIm≠v CSn°p∂

£n]tIm]nbmb hy‡n F∂mWv Cu hm°ns‚

A¿∞w.

""im¥≥'' Hcp aq∏≥ kmchØmb D]tZiØntem

kZmNmckwlnXbntem hn´phogvN sNøp∂ Hcph\m

bncn°cpXv, F¶nepw \n mcImcyßfn¬ `n∂Xbp

≠mImXncn°m≥; hnt[bs∏Sp∂ ]hWXbp≈h

\mbncn°Ww. Aklys∏SpØepIƒ, \ncq]Wß

ƒ, A[nt£]ßƒ ChtbmSp≈ _‘Øn¬ Hcp

aq∏≥ klnjvWXbp≈h\pw kwba\w ]men°p∂

h\pambncn°Ww. A\mhiy hnhmZßƒ Hgnhm

°m≥ At±lw ian°pIbpw sNøpw.

""Ie-ln-°m-Ø-h≥''˛ t]mcmSmØh≥ F∂mWnXn

s‚ A¿∞w. Aß-s\-bp≈ Hcp hy‡n Xs‚ kz¥

Bi-b-ßfpw A`n-]m-b-ßfpw ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn¬ Aan-

Xm-thiw ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-I-tbm, Xt‚-Xmb hgn-bp≠v

F∂v \n¿_‘w ]nSn-°p-Itbm sNøp-I-bn-√. Hcp

aq∏≥ Zp»mTyap≈h\mbncn°cpXv.

""Zhym-K-lan-√m-Ø-h≥''˛ Hcmƒ kXyk‘Xbn√m

bvabpsS sXfnhp \¬Ip∂psh¶n¬, k`m^≠pIƒ

ssIImcy sNøm≥ At±lw ]co£n°s∏Sp∂

kmlNcyw D≠mIcpXv. D]tZjvSm°∑mcmb

aq∏∑m¿˛ (]Tn∏n°p∂ aq∏∑m¿) InkvXphnt\mtSm

Xs‚ P\ tØmtSm icnbmb kvt\lan√msX;

Iqen°pth≠n amXw ]h¿Øn°p∂htcm

]WØn\pth≠n amXw ipiqj sNøp∂htcm

BIcpXv.

e. kzKrlØnse tbmKy-X-Iƒ

""kz¥-Ip-Spw-_sØ \∂mbn `cn-°p-∂-h≥; a°ƒ

A\pkcWap≈h¿''˛ Ip™pßƒ°v AhcpsS

s]cpam‰kz`mhßfn¬ AwKoImcytbmKyamb Hcp

\nehmcw D≠mbncn°Wsa∂Xv hnjbm\p_‘am

b Hcp ImcyamWv. F∂ncp∂mepw XosØm. 1:6 hy‡

am°p∂Xv, Hcp aq∏\v hnizmknIfmb a°fp≠mbncn

°Wsa∂mWv. AXmbXv, aq∏s‚ a°ƒ c£n°

s∏´hcmbncn°Ww. `h\Øn¬ D≈ a°ƒ

amXm]nXm°ƒt°m ssZhØnt\m FXncmb

a’cnIfmbn \S°p∂hcpamIcpXv.

f. InkvXob A\p- -h-ß-fpsS tbmKyX

]pXnb injy-\p-a-cp-Xv ]pXnb hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v aq∏-

\m-bn-cn-°m-\p≈ tbmKy-X-bn-√. ]IzX ]m]n°m≥

kabsaSp°pw. HcmfpsS ka¿∏Ww ImewsIm≠p

]cntim[n°s∏tS≠XpamWv. ]IzXbnseØpw

aptº A[nImcØnte°v Ahtcm[n°s∏Sp∂Xv

s]mß®Ønte°p \bn°pw.

g. ]q¿∆Imeam\yXsb∂ tbmKyX

""]pd-sa-bp-≈-h-tcmSv \√ km£yw ]m]n-®-h\pw B

bn-cn-°Ww'' Hcp ]tXyI ]pcpjs‚ ]q¿∆Imeam\y

X k`bv°v A]hmZØnt\m ]cnlmkØnt\m hnj

bamIpsa¶n¬ as‰mcmsf Xncs™Spt°≠XmWv.

3. aq∏-∑m-cpsS FÆw

H∂n-e-[nIw aq∏-∑m-cp-s≠-∂p-≈-Xn\p ss__nƒ GI-

cq-]-amb Iogvh-g°w \¬Ip-∂p. FÆ-Øns‚ ASn-

ÿm-\-Øn¬ KpW-\n-e-hmcw _en-I-gn-°-W-sa∂v CXn-

\¿∞-an-√. Nne _m]v‰nÃpImcpsS coXnb\pkcn®v,

]mÃdmWv GIaq∏≥. Hcmƒ°p amXsa

CSb\mbncn∏m≥ tbmKyXbp≈psh¶n¬(1 Xnsam. 3;

XosØm. 1) Aßs\bp≈ k`Ifn¬ hmkvXhamb

tbmKyXbp≈ B Hcmsf thWw aq∏\mbn

IcptX≠Xv. F∂ncp∂mepw aq∏∑mcpsS _lpXzw

F∂ thZ]pkvXIamXrI; Hcp BZ¿iw Xs∂bmWv.

XncpshgpØp \njvI¿jn°p∂ tbmKyXIfp≈

H∂ne[nIw ]pcpj∑m¿ Hcp k`bnep≈t∏mƒ B

amXrI ]n¥pStc≠XpamWv (Im-Wp-I, At∏m. ]h.

14:23; 15:2, 6, 22; 20:17, 28; ^nen. 1:1; 1 sX . 5:12;

1 Xnsam. 5:17; XosØm. 1:5; bmt°m_v 5:14).


365

Ah¿ k -tXmdpw Ah¿°v aq∏-∑msc \nb-an-

°p-Ibpw.. (At∏m. ]h. 14:23).

InkvXp-tb-ip-hns‚ Zmk-∑m-cmb ]utemkpw

Xnsam-sY-tbmkpw nen-∏n-bn¬ InkvXp-tb-ip-

hn-ep≈ kI-ehnip-≤-∑m¿°pw A≤y-£-

∑m¿°pw ipiqjI∑m¿°pw IqsS Fgp-Xp-

∂Xv (^n-en. 1:1).

\nß-fn¬ Zo\-ambn InS-°p-∂-h≥ k -bnse

aq∏-∑msc hcp-Ø-s´... (bm-t°m_v 5:14).

4. aq∏-∑mcpsS Xcw XncnhpIƒ

k`m]cn]me\w sNøp∂ aq∏∑mscbpw D]tZjvSm

°∑mcmb aq∏∑mtcbpw (ruling elders and teachingelders) 1 Xnsam. 5:17 XcwXncn°p∂p. k`bpsS `cW

®paXe hln°p∂(]cn]me\w) aq∏∑m¿ ""]Tn∏n°m

≥ Ignhp≈h¿''(D]tZin∏m≥ ka¿∞¿) Bbncn°

Ww. D]tZjvSm°∑mcmb aq∏∑m¿(]Tn∏n°p∂h¿)

CSbipiqjbnepw A≤y£Xbnepw(ta¬t\m´w

hln°p∂Xnepw) At∏mgpw ]¶mfnIfmbncnt°≠

XmWv. aq∏∑m¿°v Htc A[nImcamWp≈Xv, F∂m

¬, F√m hnizmknIsfbpw t]mse, Ir]mhcßfn¬

hyXymkap≈hcmWv. Hmtcm aq∏\pw Htc A[nImc

amWp≠mbncnt°≠sX¶nepw, Hcp aq∏≥ X\n°p

Ir]mhchpw ]mShhpap≈ taJeIfn¬ IqSpX¬

kzm[o\Xbp≈bmfmbncn°psa∂Xv kzm`mhnIw

amXw. ImcWw D]-tZ-in-°-emWv C∂p \¬In-bn-cn-

°p∂ Ir]m-h-c-ß-fn¬ G‰hpw ][m-\-s∏- Xv (Im-

WpI 1 sImcn. 12:28).

\∂mbn `cn-°p∂ aq∏-∑msc ]tXyIw hN-

\-Ønepw D]-tZ-i-Ønepw A≤zm-\n-°p-∂-

hsc Xs∂ Ccń am\-Øn\p tbmKy-cmbn

FÆpI (1 Xnsam. 5:17).

5. aq∏-∑m-cpsS DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-ßƒ

CS-b-∑m-tcmSv kam-¥c-am-bn- p-≈-XmWv aq∏-∑m-cpsS

Npa-X-e-Iƒ. aq∏-∑m¿ Bń≥Iq- sØ tabn-°Ww,

A≤y-£X sNø-Ww, kq£n-°Ww. tabn-°p-∂-

Xn¬ ]Tn-∏n-°epw CS-b]me\hpw Dƒs∏Sp∂p.

A≤y-£X sNøp-∂-Xn¬ k`m`cWw Dƒs∏- n-cn-°p-

∂p. k`mkwc£Ww F∂Xv k`sb \in-∏n-°p-∂-

hsc ]pd-Øm-°p-I, InkvXob kXy-ßƒ°v FXncp

\n¬°p-∂-hsc JWvUn-°pI XpS-ßn-bh AS-ßn-bn-

cn-°p-∂p.

6. aq∏-∑m-cpsS ipiq-j-bpsS Ime-]-cn[n

aq∏-∑m¿°v c≠v As√-¶n¬ aq∂p-h¿jw ipiqjm

Ime-ambn \n›-bn-°p-∂-Xn\p ss__nƒ bmsXmcp

]am-Whpw ImWp-∂n-√. ""aq∏\pw'' ""]mÃdpw''

XpeyamIbm¬, HutZymKnIImebfhpw Ah¿°p

Xpeyambncn°Ww; AXmbXv AhcpsS ipiqjm

Imebfhn\v ]cn[nbn√. Zpcp]tZiw, Akm∑m¿§nI

kz`mhw, AYhm Ai≤ F∂nhbm¬ Hcmƒ

Xs∂Øm≥ AtbmKy\m°p∂ns√¶n¬ CSbt\Xr

Xzsa∂Xv PohnXm¥ywhsc \o≠p\n¬°p∂ Hcp

NpaXebmWv (tdma. 11:29 t\m°pI).

7. aq∏∑m-cpsS Xnc-s™-Sp∏v

a. Dd-hnSw

k`m IqSn-h-c-hns‚ ]pd-Øp-\n∂p aq∏-s\tbm/ CS-

b-s\tbm hnfn-°p-∂-Xn-s\ ssZh-h-N\w hne-°n-bn-

ń-s√-¶n-epw, CX√ ]pXn-b-\n-ba amXrI. ]pXnb\nba

k -Iƒ Ah-cn¬ \n∂p Xs∂-bmWv Xß-fpsS aq∏-

∑msc Is≠-Øp-∂-Xv. BZy \q‰m-≠n¬ Cu amXr-I-

Iƒ Bh-iy-am-sW∂pw F∂m¬ C∂v CXv Hcp

Iev]\ As√∂pw Hcmƒ°v hmZn-°mw. Hcp-]s£

CXv icn-bp-am-bn-cn-°mw. F∂m¬ B Iq -Øn¬ \n∂p-

Xs∂ ]pXnb aq∏-∑msc Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-∂-XmWv G‰

hpw \√ Imcyw. ImcWw Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´ hy‡n

hniz-kvX-\m-sW∂p≈ sXfnhv Dd-∏m-°m\pw 1 Xnsam.

3, XosØm. 1 F∂o thZ- m-K-ß-fn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂

tbmKy-X-bp-≈-h-\m-sW∂v Xocp-am-\n-°p-hm\pw

Ignbpw.

Ah¿ k -tXmdpw Ah¿°v aq∏-∑msc \nb-an-

°p-Ibpw D]-h-kn®pw ]m¿∞n-®pw-sIm≠pw

Xßƒ hniz-kn® I¿Øm-hn-¶¬ Ahsc `c-

ta-ev∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp (A-t∏m.-]z. 14:23).

Rm≥ tIØ-bn¬ \ns∂ hnt´®p t]m∂Xv


Rm≥ \nt∂mSp B⁄m-]n-®-Xp-t]mse ] -

Ww-tXmdpw aq∏-∑msc B°n-sh-t°-≠-Xn\pw

Xs∂ (XotØm. 1:5).

b. hn[w

BSp-Iƒ Xß-fpsS CS-bs\ Xnc-s™-Sp-°pw F∂v

B¿°pw ]Xo-£n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-Xp-t]mse

]pXnb\nbaØn¬ aq∏-∑m-cpsS Xnc-s™-Sp-∏n-\p≈

A[n-Imcw apI-fnesØ XeØnemWv A[njvTnXam

bncn°p∂Xv. H∂maXv aq∏-∑msc \nb-an-°p-hm-\p≈

A[n-Imcw ]q¿Æ-ambpw At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿°mbn-cp-

∂p. (A-t∏m.- ]hr. 14:23; 1 Xna. 3:1; XosØm. 1:5

apX¬) ASp-Ø-Xmbn XnsamsYtbmkns\°pdn®p

∏dbp∂ Hcp hmIyw kqNn∏n°p∂Xv \nehnep≈

aq∏∑m¿°v ]pXnb aq∏-∑msc \nb-an-°p-hm-\p≈

][m\ ]¶p-≠v F∂mWv.


366

aq∏-∑m-cpsS ssIsh-t∏m-Sp-IqsS ]h-N-\-

Øm¬ \n\°p e`n-®-Xmb \n∂n-ep≈ Ir]m-

hcw Dt]-£-bmbn hnNm -cn -°msX

(1 Xnsam. 4:14).

sN∂m-bv°-fn¬ \n∂p B´n≥Iq- sØ kwc-£n-°p-

hm\pw Ahsc A≤y-£X sNøp-hm-\p-ap≈ DØ-c-

hm-ZnXzw aq∏-∑m¿°p≠v (A-t∏m. ]h. 20:28; 1 ]sXm.

5:1). Hcp k -bpsS t\Xr-Xz-Ønt∑¬ A[n-Im-c-an-√m-

sX aq∏-∑m¿°v k`sb \pg™pIb‰Øn¬\n∂pw

kwc£n°phm≥ Ign-bp-∂-X√ ""sN∂m-bv°-fn¬''

\n∂pw kwc-£n-°-W-sa∂v ssZhw aq∏-∑m-tcmSv

Iev∏n-®p-sh-¶n¬ sN∂mbv°ƒ aq∏∑mcmImXncn°m

\p≈ A[nImchpw aq∏∑m¿°ps≠∂p IcpXp∂Xn

¬ F¥mWv sX‰v! BZna CSbt\XrXzw(aq∏≥ kan

Xn) Xnsam-sY-tbm-kns\t∏mse-bp≈ ]pXnb aq∏-

∑msc AwKo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw tbmKy-X-bn-√m-Ø-hsc Hgn-

hm-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. CXnt\mSv Gsd ASp∏ap≈

Hcp LS\bmbn \ap°v a\ nem°mhp∂Xv,

InkvXob tImtfPpItfm anj≥]h¿Ø\ßtfm

\nb¥n°p∂ kzbw`cW kanXnIfmWv. \nehnep

≈ kanXnbwKßfmWv GsX¶nepw ]pXnb

AwKßsf thWtam sb∂p Xocpam\n°p∂Xv.

IqSn-h-cp∂ hnizmknIfpsS ]¶m-fnØw CXv \ncmIcn

°p-∂n-√; aq∏∑mcpsS Xncs™Sp∏n¬ s]mXpsh

k`bv°mWv kºq¿Æm[nImcsa∂ ho£Wambn´√

CXv a\ nem°mhp∂Xv. ""CS-h-I-I-fp-sS-ta¬ I¿Xr

Xzw \S-Øp-∂-Xn-s\-Xnsc'' aq∏-∑m¿°v ap∂-dn-bn∏v

\¬In-bn-cn-°p∂p ( 1 ]sXm. 5:3). ]pXn-b aq∏-∑msc

Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-∂ ImcyØn¬ \nehnep≈ aq∏∑m¿

apgpk`bptSbpw ho£Wßƒ ]cnKWnt® aXnbmhq.

A. ]hr. 15˛se bcpitew Iu¨knen¬(B

temN\mkanXn) kºq¿Æm[nImcw As∏mkvXe∑m

¿°mbncp∂p(A. ]hr. 15:2, 6). F∂ncp∂mepw CX

amXw ]m[m\ytadnb Hcp hnjbØn¬ ""apgpk`

bpw'' kΩXn°pIsb∂Xv A`nejWobamb

kwKXn Xs∂(A. ]hr. 15:22 Im-Wp-I). F∂n-cp-

∂mepw k` ]q¿Æ-ambpw Aß-s\-bp≈ ][m\

Imcy-Øn¬ AwKo-Imcw \¬tI-≠n-bn-cp∂p (A-t∏m.

]h. 15:22). amX-a√; Btem-N-\-°m-cpsS _lpXzw

Hcp ssZh-h-N\ ]am-W-amWv (k-Zr. 15:22) A[nImc

Ønep≈bmfpIƒ HutZymKnI ÿm\obsc sXc

s™Sp°p∂Xn¬ XßfpsS A[nImcw a‰p≈h¿

°p ]I¿∂p \¬Ip∂Xns‚ ap≥amXrIbpw D≠v

(A-t∏m. ]h. 6:1˛6 hsc CXns‚ kp\n›nXamb

amXrIbpw 2 sImcn. 8:19˛¬ CXn\p≈ km[y-Xbpw

ImWmw).

\nehnep≈ aq∏∑m¿ ]pXnb aq∏∑msc Xncn®dnbp∂

auenIXXzhpw F√m hnizmknItfmSpw kq£vakw

thZ\w ]pe¿Øp∂Xns‚bpw k`bpsS sFIyXbp

sSbpw ASnÿm\]amWhpw XΩn¬ ka\zbn∏n°p

∂ hnhn[ \S]SnIaßƒ BkqXWw sNømhp∂

XmWv. k`bpsS kΩXw \¬Ip∂Xnt\m \¬ImXncn

°p∂Xnt\m AhtcmSp tNmZn°p∂tXmsSm∏w;

]pXnb aq∏∑msc \ma\n¿t±iw sNøm\p≈

A[nImcw \nehnep≈ aq∏∑m¿°p≠mbncp∂p.

AYhm aq∏∑m¿°pth≠nbp≈ k`bpsS sXcs™

Sp∏ns\ Akm[phm°phmt\m d±m°phmt\m D≈

A[nImcw \nehnep≈ aq∏∑m¿°p≠mbncp∂p.

HSphn¬ ]d™ Imcyw henb ]iv\ßƒ Dfhm°p

hm≥ km[yXbp≠v. XpS¿\S]SnIaw F¥pXs∂

bmbncp∂mepw GsX¶nepw ]m]vXcmb ]pXnb

aq∏∑msc kw_‘n® tbmKyXm\n¿ÆbØn¬

]Ya hm°v D®cn°m\p≈ A[nImcw \nehnep≈

aq∏∑m¿°mbncn°Ww. \nehnep≈ aq∏∑mtcm

k`tbm Hcmƒ tbmKy\s√∂p IcpXps∂¶n¬; AXv

]cnKW\bpsS A¥yambncn°Ww.

At∏mƒ Xßfn¬ Nne ]pcp-j-∑msc Xnc-

s™-Sp-Øp.. Ab-bvt°-W-sa∂p At∏m-kvX-

e-∑mcpw aq∏-∑mcpw k¿∆-k- bpw \n¿Æ-bn®p

(A-t∏m. ]h. 15:22).

8. aq∏-∑msc \o°w sNø¬

InkvXob ipiq-j-I-∑m¿°v henb DØ-c-hm-Zn-

Øhpw _m[y-X-bp-ap-≠v. a‰p≈ hnizm-kn-I-sf-°mƒ

D∂-X-amb am\-Z-WvUa\pkcn®mbncn°Ww Ahsc

hn[nt°≠Xv-(eq-t°m. 12-: 48; bmt°m_v 3:1).

At∏m. ]h. 20:28 A\p-k-cn®v \ne-hn-ep≈ aq∏-

∑m¿°v Xßfn¬ Hcmtfm shfnbn¬\n∂p≈htcm

apgpk`sbbpw \in-∏n-°-∂-Xn¬\n∂v kwc£°phm

\p≈ t]meokv A[nImcßƒ \¬Ip∂p. ImcWw

ipiq-j-I-∑m-cmWv A]-hm-Z-Øns‚bpw \pW-I-fpsS

][m\ e£y-ÿm-\w. a Xnbmb ASn-ÿm-\-an-√msX

aq∏-∑m¿s°-Xnsc Db-cp∂ Btcm-]-W-ßƒ AwKo-

I-cn-°-cpXv (2, 3 km£n-Iƒ thWw, ImWpI 1 Xnsam.

5:19). F∂m¬ Ip‰w sNøp-∂-hsc imkn-°p-I-tbm,

\o°w sNøp-Itbm thWw. aq∏-∑m¿ kIeØn∂pw

apºmbn Xt∂mSv Iqdv ]pe¿ØWsa∂mWv ssZhw

BKln°p∂Xv. Aßs\bmIptºmƒ AXymhiy

cwKØv Hcp kvt\lnXs\ in£W\S]Sn°v

hnt[b\m°phm≥ Ah¿°pIgnbpw. amXa√, Ahc

ßs\ sNøpIbpw thWw. 1 Xnsam. 3; XosØm. 1

F∂o thZ-`m-K-ß-fn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ tbmKy-X-

Ifn√mØh¿ AhcpsS PohnXw IaoIcn®psIm≠v


367

aSßnhcmsXtbm IaØnem°p∂Xphsctbm

aq∏∑mcmbn tkh sNbvhm≥ ]mSn√.

hfsc e`n-®-h-t\mSv hfsc Bh-iy-s∏Spw

A[nIw G‰p hmßn-b-h-t\mSv A[nIw

tNmZn°pw (eq-t°m. 12:48).

ktlm-Z-c-∑mtc A[nIw in£m-hn[n hcpw

F∂p Adn™p \nß-fn¬ At\-I¿ D]-tZ-jvSm-

°-∑m¿ BI-cpXv (bm-t°m_v 3:1).

\nß-sf-Ø-s∂bpw Xm≥ kz¥-c-‡-Øm¬


tabv∏m≥ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv \nßsf A≤y-£-

cm-°n-h® Bń≥Iq´w apgp-h-s\bpw kq£n-®p-

sImƒhn≥. Rm≥ t]mb tijw Bń≥Iq-

´sØ BZ-cn-°mØ sImSnb sN∂m-bv°ƒ

\nß-fpsS CS-bn¬ IS°pw F∂p Rm≥ Adn-

bp-∂p. injy-∑msc Xß-fpsS ]n∂mse hen-

®p-I-f-bp-hm-\mbn hn]-co-tXm-]-tZiw ]kvXm-

hn-°p∂ ]pcp-j∑m¿ \nß-fpsS CS-bn¬

\n∂p Fgp-t∂ev°pw (A-t∏m. ]h. 28:28˛30).

c≠p aq∂p km£n-Iƒ aptJ-\-b-√msX Hcp

aq∏s‚ t\sc A\ymbw FSp-°-cp-Xv. ]m]w

sNø-∂-hsc tij-ap-≈-h¿°pw `b-Øn-

\mbn F√m-hcpw tIƒs° imkn°. \o

]£-ambn H∂pw sNøm-sX-I≠p kn≤m¥w

IqSmsX Ch ]am-Wn®psImt≈-Ww F∂p

Rm≥ ssZh-sØbpw InkvXp-tb-ip-hn-s\bpw

tijvT-Zq-X-∑m-scbpw km£n-bm°n \nt∂mSp

Iev∏n-°p∂p (1 Xnsam. 5:19˛21).

9. ipiq-j-I-∑m¿

k`bnse c≠mw HutZymKnIÿm\w ]pXnb\nba

Øn¬ ]Tn∏n®ncn°p∂Xv ipiqjIt‚XmWv.

""tkh\w'' F∂Xn\p≈ Ko°p]ZtØmSmWv Cu

hm°v _‘s∏ńcn°p∂Xv. C]Imcw samØØn¬

Hcp k`bv°pth≠nbp≈ \b]cn]mSn cq]oIcn°p

∂√; adn®v tkh sNøp∂Xnt\mSp _‘s∏´

]m]vXnIfnemWv ipiqjI∑m¿ ]h¿Øn°p∂Xv.

ImcyßfpsS hniZmwißƒ ipiqjI∑msc

\ntbmKn®v `cta¬∏n°psa¶nepw(A. ]hr. 6:3

t\m°pI) ""`cWw \SØp∂ AYhm ]cn]men°p∂

aq∏∑m¿°v'' D≈Xpt]mse k`m`cWØn¬ Ah¿°v

\nb¥Wm[nImcsam∂pan√(1 Xnsam. 5:7 t\m°pI).

ipiq-j-I-∑m-cpsS ÿm\sØ°pdn®v ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-

Øn¬ IqSp-X¬ hni-Zmw-i-ßƒ \¬In-bn- n-√. \¬I

s]´ ipiqj Hcp ipiqjI≥ X\nsb \n¿∆ln°

Wsa∂v ]ISamhp∂p; As√¶n¬ Hcp kanXntbm

IΩ‰ntbm t]mse ]h¿Øn°p∂ ipiqjI∑mcpsS

Kq∏v D≠mImw. hmkvXhØn¬ c≠v thZ`mKßƒ

amXamWv ""ipiqjI≥'' Hcp HutZymKnIÿm\am

sW∂v hy‡ambn kqNn∏n°p∂Xv, ^nen. 1:1 Dw 1

Xnsam. 3:8. aq∂m-a-Xv At∏m. ]hr. 6:1˛6 hsc

ipiqjI∑msc kqNn∏n°p∂XmImw.

ipiqjI∑msc kw_‘n® hnhcw ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-

Øn¬ Ipd-hm-b-Xp-sIm≠v hfsc I¿°-ihpw JWvUn-

X-hp-amb \nK-a-\-ßƒ \SØmXnc°pIbmWv \√Xv.

aq∏-∑m-cpsS \n¿t±-i-]-Imcw ]mtZ-inI k`-bn¬

ÿnc-ambn ipiqj sNøp-∂- GsXmcp ]pcpjt\bpw

CXv kqNn∏n°mw.

At∏m. ]h. 6:1˛6 hsc ""Uo°¨'' F∂ ]Zw

D]tbmKn°p∂n√. F∂m¬ ""Unbms°m\ntbm''

F∂ Inbm]Zw c≠p]mhiyhpw "tkh\w' AYhm

"ipiq-j' F∂ ]Zw(Unbms°m\nbm) Hcp ]mhiy

hpw D]tbmKn°p∂p. A. ]hr. 6˛¬ ipiqjI∑msc

Xncs™Sp°p∂Xn¬ ]¶psIm≈m≥ At∏mkvXe

∑m¿ k`sb A\phZn®p. A. ]hr. 6˛se ipiqjI

∑m¿ k`-bpsS ]Wtai-bn-se ipiq-jbnemWv

G¿s∏ńcp∂Xv. AXm-bX,v hn[-h-am-¿°p≈ klmbw

AhcmWv ssIImcyw sNbvXXv. Cu ]pcpj∑m¿

hN\w ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-h¿ Bbn-cn-°-W-sa-∂v \n¿_‘

an√. ]t£ Ah¿ kXy-k-‘cpw Bfl\ndhp≈

hcpw hnthIaXnIfpw Bbn-cn-°W-ambncp∂p.

]tcm-]-Im-c-X-Xv]-c-amb ipiq-j-Iƒ amXamWv ipiq-

j-I-∑m¿°v D≈-sXt∂m As√-¶n¬ k -bpsS kmº-

ØnI Imcy\nb¥Ww Hcp ipiqjIkanXnbptSXm

bncn°Wsat∂m A. ]hr. 6˛]Tn∏n°p∂psh∂v

IcpXp∂Xv sX‰mWv. aq∏-∑m¿°v k`-bpsS ""ta¬

t\m´w'' Ds≠-¶n¬ Ah¿°v k -bpsS kmº-ØnI

Imcyßfn¬ Nne \nb-¥-W-ß-fp-ap-≠v. aq∏-∑m-cpsS

\nb-¥-W-Øn-em-bn-cn°Ww ipiq-j-I≥ ]Ww

ssIImcyw sNtø-≠-Xv. 1 Xnsam. 3:8 apX-ep≈ thZ-

`m-K-ß-fpsS shfn-®-Øn¬ ]Ww ssIImcyw sNøp-

hm-\p≈ apgp-h≥ Npa-X-ebpw ipiq-j-I-∑m¿°v D≈-

Xmbn ImWp-∂n-√. ho≠pw, k`bpsS ÿncamb

tkhIÿm\ßfnembncn°p∂ F√m ]pcp-j-

∑mtcbpw Uo°ämcmbn(ipiq -j-I-∑m-¿)

ho£n°mhp∂XmWv.

1 Xnsam. 3:8˛10, 12˛13 thZ- m-K-ßƒ ipiq-j-I-∑m-cpsS

tbmKy-X-Iƒ hnh-cn-°p-∂p. Npcp-ßnb \n¿h-N-\-ß-

tfmsS ChnsS B ]ńI \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

A∆Æw ipiq-j-I-∑m¿ L\-im-en-I-fm-bn-cn-

t°Ww. Ccp hm°p-Imcpw aZy-]m-∑mcpw Zp¿√ -


368

tam-ln-Ifpw Acp-Xv. Ah¿ hnizm-k-Øns‚

a¿Ωw ip≤-a-\-km-£n-bn¬ sh®p sIm≈p-∂-

h¿ Bbn-cn-t°-Ww. Ahsc BZyw ]co-£n-

t°Ww. A\n-µy-cmbn I≠m¬ Ah¿ ipiqj

G¬°-s´ (1 Xnsam. 3:8˛10).

ipiq-j-I-∑m¿ GI-`m-cy-bp≈ `¿Øm-°-

∑mcpw a°-sfbpw kz¥ IpSpw-_-ß-sfbpw

\∂mbn cn-°p-∂-hcpw Bbn-cn-°-Ww. \∂mbn

ipiqj sNbvXn-´p-≈-h¿ Xßƒ°p \√

\nebpw InkvXp-tb-ip-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-Øn¬

hfsc ]mK-¤yhpw kºmZn°p∂p

( 1 Xn-sam. 3:12˛13).

""L\-im-en-I-ƒ''˛ ipiq-j-I-∑m¿ Ah-cpsS the

\nh¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn¬ Kuc-h-ap-≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°-Ww.

Ah¿°v \¬I-s∏- n-cn-°p∂ tPmen \nh¿Øn-°p-∂-

Xn-eqsS Ah¿ _lp-am-\-Øn\v tbmKy-cm-bn-

Øo-tcWw.

""Ccp hm°p-Im-cm-bn-cn-°-cp-Xv''˛ Ccp-hm-°p-Im-c≥

H∂pw ]dbpw thsdm-∂v ]h¿Øn-°pw. As√-¶n¬

HcmtfmSp H∂p ]dbpw thsdm-cm-tfmSp AXn\p hncp-

≤-ambn ]dbpw. hm°n¬ ÿncX ImØp kq£n-°p-

hm-\p≈ DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw ipiq-j-I-\p-≠v. a‰p-≈-h¿°v

Ah-\n-ep≈ hnizm-kyX X≈n∏db-cp-Xv AYhm

H‰ns°mSp°cpXv.

""aZy]m∑m¿ BI-cp-Xv''˛ Hcp ipiq-j-I≥ h¿÷I

≥ Bbn-cn-°-W-sa-∂n-√, F∂m¬ Ft∏mgpw kpt_m

[ap≈h\mbncn°Ww. Cu ]Z]tbmKw(ssien)

shfns∏SpØp∂Xv Hcp ipiq-j-I\v ho™v Hcp

ap≥KW\ Bbncn°cpsX∂mWv. AXns‚ Imcy-

Øn¬ CS-s]-Sp-∂-Xn¬ kzmX-¥y-ap-≠v. aZyw ipiq-

j-I\p Hcp henb Xmev]cy hnj-b-am-bn-cn-°p-hm≥

]mSn-√.

""Zp¿√m-`-tam-ln-I-fm-bn-cn-°-cp-Xv''˛ ipiq-j-I∑m¿

CS]mSpIfn¬ \√ kZmNmcap≈hcmbncn°Ww.

amX-a√, ]Ww ssIImcyw sNøp∂Xn¬˛hy‡n]c

amb ]Wambmepw k -bpsS ]W-am-bmepw XnsI

™ kXy-k-‘-Xbp≠m-bn-cn-°Ww. kXyk‘a√m

ØXv ]n≥XpScp∂Xn¬ Ah¿ Hcn°epw G¿s∏Sp

hm≥ ]mSn√.

""hnizm-k-Øns‚ a¿Ωw ip≤-a-\-km-£n-bn¬

sh®p-sIm-≈p-∂-h¿''˛ Hcp ipiq-j-I≥ hN\w

]Tn∏n°p∂ Bfmbncn°-W-sa-∂n-√. F∂m¬ Xm≥

F¥mWv hniz -kn -°p-∂-sX∂p Adn-™n-cn -°-

Ww(AXmbXv D]tZi\n›bap≈ Bfmbncn°

Ww). D]tZi]cambn ]∞yw D≈bmfpw k`bpsS

D]tZiw ip≤a\km£nbn¬ Db¿Øn∏nSn°p∂

bmfpw Bbncnt°Ww.

""BZyw ]co-£n-t°Ww''˛ InkvXp ]d-™Xv

Aev]-Øn¬ hniz-kvXs\ A[n-I-Øn\p hnNm-c-I-\m-

°p-sa-∂mWv (eq-t°m. 16:10). Cu Iev]\ A\p-k-

cn®v ipiqjI∑msc BZyw ]co-£n-®n´p thWw

Ahsc ÿnc-ambn \nb-ant°≠sX∂mWv ]utemkv

]d-bp-∂-Xv. Hcp ]mtbm-KnI ]cn-tim-[\ F∂ \ne-

bn¬ XmXv°m-en-I-am-bnt´m as‰m-cmƒ°v ]I-c-am-

bnt´m B°n-h-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. aq∏≥ Hcp ]pXnb

injy≥ Bbn-cn-°phm≥ ]mSn-√m-Ø-Xp-t]mse Hcp

ipiq-j-I\pw Xm≥ c£n°s∏´ tijap≈ Hcp

ImeL´w At±lsØ ]co£n®dnbm≥ ]cym]vX

amb kabw \¬Ipw.

""A\n-µy-cm-bn-cn-°-Ww''˛ k`bv°v A]-am\w hcp-

ØmØ Hcp \√ km£yw ap∏-\p-≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-

t]mse ipiq-j-I-∑mcpw hniz-kvX-cm-sW-∂p≈ \√

km£y-ap-≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°-Ww.

""GI-`m-cy-bp≈ `¿Øm-hm-bn-cn-°-Ww''˛ Ko°v

hm°ns‚ A¿∞w ""GI kvXobp-sS-]p-cp-j≥''

F∂mWv. ChnsSbpw khntij KpWsØbmtWm

kwJytbbmtWm A¿∞a°p∂Xv F∂Xn¬ A`n

]mbhyXymkap≠v. FÆ-Øns‚ Imcy-Øn-em-sW-

¶n¬ hnhm-l-tam-N\w t\Sn-b-h¿ Hcn-°epw ipiq-j-

I-∑m-cm-bn-cn-°phm≥ Ign-bn-√. KpW-Øns‚ Imcy-Øn-

em-sW-¶n¬ Hcp kvXotbm-Sp-amXw _‘-ap-≈-h¿t°

ipiqjI≥ BIp-hm-\p≈ tbmKy-X-bp≈q F∂mWv

]utemkv ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv. ipiq-j-I≥ hnhm-ln-X-\m-

sW-¶n¬ Xs‚ `mcy-tbmSp hniz-kvX-\m-bn-cn-°Ww

""a°-sfbpw kz¥-Ip-Spw-_-ß-sfbpw \∂mbn `cn-

°p-∂-hcpw Bbn-cn-°-Ww''˛ ipiq-j-I-∑m¿°v

a’cat\m-`m-h-ap≈ a°-fp-≠m-bn-cn-°-cpX.v AXp-

t]mse a°ƒ°p at≤y a’cat\m`mhan√mØ Dd®

IpSpw-_ßfmWv Uo°∑m¿°v AYhm ipiqjI∑m

¿°v D≠m-bn-cn-t°≠Xv.

10. ipiq-j-°m-cn-Iƒ

]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ ipiq-j-°m-cn-I-fpsS ÿm\-sØ-

∏‰n ]d-bp∂ Hcp ]tXyI kw`-h-sØ-∏‰n Nn¥n-

°phm≥ Ign-bpw. tdma. 16:1˛¬ t^_sb ""ipiq-j-

°m-cn-''sb∂p hnfn-®n-cn-°p∂p. F∂m¬ CXv Hcp

HutZym-KnI ÿm\-am-tWm-sb∂p Adn-bphm≥ Ign-

bp-∂n-√ As√-¶n¬ ]utemkv k`-bn¬ ""tkh\w

sNøp∂ kvXo'' F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ hnfn-°p-hm-\p≈

km[y-X-bp-ap-≠v. Cu ÿm\-sØ-°p-dn®v ]q¿Æ-amb

hnh-c-an-√.


369

1 Xnsam. 3:11˛¬ ImWp∂ ""kvXoIƒ'' F∂ ]cm-

a¿iw ipiq-j°mcnIsf-°p-dn-®m-sW∂p Nne¿

hymJym-\n-°m-dp-≠v. ImcWw ipiq-j-I-∑m-sc°pdn®v

]d™ncn°p∂ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-emWv AXv ]d-™n-

cn-°p-∂-Xv. CXn-\p≈ km[y-X-bp≠v. F∂n-cp-∂mepw

1 Xnsam. 3:11˛¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ kvXoIƒ ipiq-j-

I-∑m-cpsS mcy-amtcm ipiqj-I-∑msc klm-bn-°p∂

kvXoItfm BImw. ipiq-j-°m-cn-I-fpsS ÿm\w

kw_‘n®v hyXykvX at\m- mhw D≈ hnizmknI

tfmSv kvt\l`mhw ]pe¿Øp-IbmWv \√Xv. Hcp

kvXo°v ]mÃtdm CSbt\m thZm≤ym]nItbm

Bbncn°m≥ Ignbptam F∂XmWv henb ]iv\w.

11. k -bn¬ kvXoIfpsS ]¶v

Hcp Bi-b-Øns‚ ]Nm-c-sØ-°mƒ AXv FX-

tØmfw ssZh-h-N-\-tØmSv tbmPn-°p∂p F∂mWv

hnizm-kn-Iƒ t\mt°-≠-Xv. hy‡nXz Ønepw tbmKy

Xbnepw(K-em. 3:28) ]pcpj∑mscbpw kvXoItfbpw

ss__nƒ Xpeyambn´mWv ho£n°p∂sX¶nepw

k`mt\Xr-Xz-tØmSp≈ _‘Øn¬ kvXoI-fpsS

ÿm\hpw ]h¿Ø\hpw ]pcp-j∑m¿°v hnt[bXz

ØnemWv. ""F¥p-sIm≠mWv'' ssZhw Cu \nebn¬

k`sb cq]Iev]\ sNbvXXv F∂X√; adn®v, ""Xs‚

P\w ssZhoI \n_‘\Iƒ°v Iogvs∏Sptam'' F∂

XmWv hnjbw.

1 Xnsam. 2:11˛12 A\p-k-cn®v kvXo°v ]pcpjs\ ]Tn-

∏n-°phm≥ Ah-Imian-√. ssZh-h-N-\-tØmSp hniz-

kvXX ]pe¿Øp∂ thsdmcp hymJym\an√.

kvXo au\-am-bn-cp∂p ]q¿Æ A\p-k-c-W-

tØmSpw IqSn ]Tn-°-s´. au\-am-bn-cn-∏m≥

A√msX D]-tZ-in-∏mt\m ]pcp-js‚ ta¬

A[n-Imcw \S-Øp-hmt\m Rm≥ kvXosb

A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂n√ (1 Xnsam. 2:11˛12).

\yq Ata-cn-°≥ Ãm≥tU¿Uv ss__nƒ, A\n›nX

D]]Zßƒ(indifinite articles) tN¿Øv Cu thZ- mK

Øn\v IrXyamb A¿∞w \¬Inbncn°∂p. D]tZin

∏mt\m(the) ]pcp-j-s‚-ta¬ A[n-Imcw \S-Øp-hm

t\m Rm≥ (the) kvXosb A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂n√.

C]Imcw \n›tbm]]Zw tN¿°msXbmWv Cu

]cn`mj. `mcy-am¿ XßfpsS `¿Øm-°-∑msc ]Tn-∏n-

°m≥ ]mSn-√ F∂p Dd-∏n®p ]d-bp∂ Hcp Ko°v coXn-

bm-bn-cn°mw CXv. F¶nepw Cu ]cnanXs∏SpØ¬

Hcp `mcybv°v kz¥`¿Øm-hnt∑ep≈ A[n-

ImcØn\pw A∏pdw t]mIp∂XmWv. bmsXmcp

kvXo°pw bmsXmcp ]pcp-j-s‚-bpw ta¬ A[n-Imcw

\S-Øphm≥ ]utemkv A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂n√. A[n-Im-c-

ÿm-\-Øn¬ F¥v Dƒs∏- n-cn-°p∂p F∂-Xns‚ ASn-

ÿm-\-Øn¬ Nne-A-bhv hcp-hm-\p≈ km[y-X-bp≠v.

DZm. Kmb-I-kw-L-Øns‚ \nb-¥Ww \S-Øp∂

kvXo. AXp-t]mse bphP\ßfpsS Hcp IqSnhchn¬

Hcp kvXo ]Tn∏n°ptºmƒ AhnsSbp≈ BÏp-

ń-Isf√mw ]pcp-j-∑m-ct√ F∂v tNmZn®m¬ hymJym-

\n°p∂Xn¬ Nne IcpX¬ kzoIcnt°≠XmWv.

CXnt\°mfp]cn A\u-tZym-KnI kw`m-j-W-ß-fn¬

kvXo ]pcp-js\ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv ss__nƒ hne-°n-

bn-ń-√. (]nkv°n√ As∏ms√m-kn\v kzImcy-ambn

am¿§\n¿t±iw \¬Ip∂Xv ImWp-I. F∂m¬ Hcp

kvXo aq∏t\m CSbt\m ]mbap≈hsc ]Tn∏n°p∂

D]tZjvSmthm Bbncn°p∂ t\cnb `mKwt]mepw

D≠mbncn°cpXv. ss__nƒ efnXambpw AXv

A\phZn®nń√. Cu hne°n\p≈ ssZhoIbp‡nsb

AhSp∂v hy‡am°nbn´pan√. kvXoIfpsS

_p≤n]camb ]cnanXnbpambn CXn\v Fs¥¶nepw

_‘aps≠∂v \ap°v hnNmcn°m\mhn√. k -bpsS

B¥cnIÿnXntbm As√-¶n¬ temI-Ønep≈ ]pcp-

j-∑mtcmSv êIcambn km£ys∏SpØp∂Xn\p≈

]m]vXntbm BImw CXn¬ A¥¿`hn®n´p≈Xv.

1 Xnsam. 3:1; XotØm. 1:5; XpS-ßnb thZ- m-K-ß-fn¬

aq∏≥/ CS-b≥ Ch¿°p≈ tbmKy-X-I-sf-°p-dn®v ]d-

bp-tºmƒ k`bpsS A≤y-£X hln-°p∂ aq∏≥/

CS-b≥ ipiq-jbv°v kvXosb Hcn-°epw ]cn-K-Wn-

®n- n-√ F∂v hy‡w.

hnip≤-∑m-cpsS k¿∆-k- -I-fn-ep-sa-∂-Xp-t]mse

kvXoIƒ k`m-tbm-K-ß-fn¬ an≠m-Xn-cn-

°s´. \ymb-]-am-Whpw ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse

Iog-S-ßn-bn-cn-∏m-\-√msX kwkmcn∏m≥ Ah¿

°v A\p-hm-Z-an-√. Ah¿ h√Xpw ]Tn∏m≥ C—n-

°p∂p F¶n¬ hoń¬ sh®v ¿Øm-°-∑m-tcmSp

tNmZn-®p-sIm-≈s´. kvXo k`-bn¬ kwkm-

cn-°p-∂Xp A\p-Nn-X-at√m (1 sImcn. 14:34˛35).

1 sImcn. 14:34˛kvXoItfmSv B⁄m]n°p∂Xv

""kÌfn¬ an≠mXncn°Ww'' F∂mWv. tIhew

aq∂p A≤ym-b-ßƒ°v apºp amXw aqSp]Sw C´p

sIm≠v kvXoIƒ k`bn¬ ]m¿∞n°p∂tXm

]hNn°p∂tXm kw_‘n®v ]utemkv FgpXnbncn

s°, CXv ]q¿Æamb au\w kqNn∏n°pIbmsW∂v

tXm∂p∂n√(1 sImcn. 11:2˛16 t\m°pI). Cu thZ- m-

K-Øns‚ ]›m-Øew A\y-`m-j-tbmSpw ]h-N-\-

tØmSpw _‘-s∏- -Xm-sW-¶nepw 1 sImcn. 14:34, BZn-

a-k- -bnse kvXoIsf Cu ipiq-j-I-fn¬ \n∂pw XS-

™n-ń-s√∂p IcpXmw ImcWw ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬

At\Iw ]hm-N-Inamsc ImW-hm≥ Ignbpw (ancymw

]pd. 15:20; kJy. 12:1˛2; aoJ. 6:4; sZt_mc˛


370

\ymb. 4: 4 lq¬Zm˛ 2 cmPm. 22:14˛15; 2 Zn\. 34:22˛23;

l∂m˛ eqt°m. 2:36; ^nen-t∏m-kns‚ ]pXn-am¿

At∏m. ]h. 21: 9; 1 sImcn. 11:2˛16 )

1 sImcn. 14:34˛mw hmIysØ 1 Xnsam. 2:11˛12 s‚ ASn-

ÿm-\-Øn¬ hymJym\n°p∂XmWv DØaw.

kvXoIƒ an≠mXncn°s´ F∂p ]dbptºmƒ

F√mhn[ kwkmchpw At±lw hne°pIb√. adn®v,

A[y£≥, aq∏≥, D]-tZ-jvSmhv F∂o ]Z-hn-Iƒ

hln®psIm≠v kwkmcn°p∂ ImcyØnemWv

hne°v. Hcp ]mtZinIk`bn¬ ]pcpj∑m¿°v ta¬

A[nImcw e`n°Ø°\nebn¬ kvXoIƒ

kwkmcn°cpXv. Hcp k`bpsS km[mcW IqSnhchn

s‚ Iaa\pkcn®v Hcp kvXo Hcp ]pcpj˛D]

tZjvSmhns\ ]tXy-In®v sh√p-hn-fn-°p∂ \ne-bn¬

tNmZyw sNøm≥ ]mSn√ F∂ ][m\ BibamWv 1

sImcn. 14:34 ¬ ASßnbncn°p∂sX∂p tXm∂p∂p.

]mtZ-inI k -bn¬ ]pcp-js‚ta¬ A[n-Imcw \S-

Øp-hm≥ kvXosb A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂n-s√-¶n-epw, k`-

bpsS ipiq-j-bn¬ kvXoIƒ°p≈ ]¶p shfn-s∏-

Sp -Øp∂ thZ-`m -K -ßƒ ImWp-hm≥ Ign -bpw.

XosØmkv 2:3˛5 ¬ kvXoIƒ°v a‰p kvXoI-tfm-

Sp≈ ipiq-j-Iƒ ImWp-hm≥ Ignbpw AXp-t]mse

kvXoIƒ Ipń-Isf ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ ZrjvSm¥ßfpap≠v

(2 Xnsam. 1:5; 3:15).

hr≤-∑m-cpw Aß-s\-Xt∂ \S-∏n¬ ]hn-X-tbm-

Kycpw GjWn ]d-bm-Ø-hcpw ho™n\p ASn-

a-s∏-Sm-Ø-h-cp-am-bn-cn-t°Ww F∂pw ssZh-h-

N\w Zpjn-°-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-t°-≠-Xn\p bu∆-\-°m-

cn-Øn-Isf `¿Ør-]n-b-∑mcpw ]pX]nbamcpw

kpt_m[hpw ]mXnhXyhpap≈hcpw ho´pIm

cyw t\m°p∂hcpw Zb-bp-≈-hcpw `¿Øm-°-

∑m¿°p Iogvs∏-Sp-∂-hcpw Bbn-cn-∏m≥ inen-

∏n-t°-≠-Xn\p \∑ D]-tZ-in-°p-∂-h-cp-am-bn-cn-

t°Ww F∂p ]t_m-[n-∏n° (Xo-sØm. 2:3˛5).

ipiqjIfn¬ kvXoIƒ G¿s∏Sp∂Xns‚ a‰p

ZrjvSm¥ßfn¬ kwKoXipiqj Dƒs∏Sp∂p;

amXa√(F-km. 2:6; s\_. 7:6, 7) kamKa\IqSmc

Øns‚ hmXnev°se tkhbn¬ kvXoIƒ G¿s∏ń

cn°p∂p(]pd. 38:8). PohImcpWy]hrØnIfnepw

a‰p≈h¿°p \∑ sNøp∂Xnepw(eqs°m. 8:3Dw A.

]hr. 9:36 apXepw) IqSmsX s]mXphmb tkh\Øn

epw kvXoIƒ G¿s∏ńcp∂p.

D. k -bpsS A\p-jvTm-\-ßƒ

1. Xncp-h-Ømgw

\ho-I-cWw aqew temI-Øn¬ ]nd-hn-sb-SpØ c≠p

henb k`mhn- m-K-ßfmWv \ho-I-cW k`bpw (]n-

kv_n-t‰-dn-b≥) eqYd¨ k`bpsa∂Xv At\Iw

ssIkvXh¿°pw \∂mbn Adnhp≈XmWt√m.

tdma≥ ImXen°v hnizmkØns\Xncmbn s]mXphmb

]Xntcm[Øn¬ Ccphn`mKßfpw ebn®ptNcphm≥

]mcwìaw \SØpIbp≠mbn. kznw•nbpw eqYdpw

At\ym\yw I≠papń. s]mXphmb Hcp D]tZi]kv

Xmh\bv°p cq]w \¬In ]Jym]n°phm≥ Ah¿

Ccphcpw a‰p ]K¤cmb ssZhimkvX⁄∑m¿

s°m∏w am¿_¿Kv F∂ ÿeØv H∂n®ncp∂p.

]Xn\©n¬ ]Xn∂mev D]tZikXyßfnepw Ah¿

XΩn¬ kahmbØnseØn; F∂m¬ XncphØmg

(I¿Ørtai)Øns‚ coXnbn¬ Ah¿°v tbmPn°p

hm≥ Ign™n√. eqY¿ Hcp tNms°-SpØv tai-∏p-

dØv FgpXn CsXs‚ icocw. XncphØmgØnse

]Zm¿∞ßƒ Hm¿Ωbv°mbp≈XmsW∂mWv kznw•n

hnizkn®ncp∂Xv. Aßs\ ]ckv]ctbmPnt∏m Im

Øen°v hnizmkØns\Xncmb s]mXp]Xntcm[

tam IqSmsX B kw`mjWw Ahkm\n®p. c≠p

h¿jØn\ptijw kzw•nbpw kznkv \hoIcWhn

izmknIfn¬ At\Icpw Ims∏¬ bp≤Øn¬

sIm√s∏´p.2

ckIcamb Cu kw`hIY Nq≠n°mWn°p∂Xv,

hnizmknIfpsS at≤y sFIyX ÿm]n°phm\mbn

Dt±in°s∏´ AtX A\pjvTm\w Zb\obamb

Ass\IyØn\p apJm¥cambnØo¿∂psh∂XmWv.

F∂ncp∂mepw, ASnÿm\kXyßƒ kw_‘n®

icnbmb thZ]pkvXIKmlytØmSpIqsS, AX

tØmfw ][m\a√mØ A\pjvTm\ßfpsS Imcy

Øn¬ klnjvWXmat\m`mhw; A∏hpw ho™pw

InkvXphnep≈ \ΩpsS Hcpasb(sFIyX)

NnXoIcn°p∂psh∂ Xncn®dnhpw ]pe¿Øp∂]

£w XncphØmgw hnizmknIsf InkvXphnt\mSpw

At\ym\yw IqSpX¬ ASp∏ap≈hcm°m≥ Ignbp∂

Hcp A\pjvTm\w Xs∂bmWv.

a. BZy-\q-‰m-≠n¬ \ne-\n∂ \n¿_-‘-a-√mØ Nne

BNcWßƒ

thK]pkvXIamXrIIfmsW¶nepw \mw AXymhiy

ambpw A\pkcnt°≠ B⁄Ifm√mØ H´\h[n

BNcWIaßƒ XncphØmgtØmSp _‘s∏´Xm

bn´p≠v. BZyIme ]pXnb\nbahnizmknIƒ sNbvX

NcyIfmbn Ah tcJs∏SpØnbncn°p∂p(Ah¿

A]Imcw sNbvXn´p≠mImw) F∂m¬ F°meØp


2 Roland H., Bainton, Here I stand: A life of Martin Luther,reprinted. (Nashville: Abingdon, 1978), pp. 249-251

371

ap≈ hnizmknIƒ AtX]Sn A\pjvTn®p t]mtc≠

Iev]\Ifmbn Ah \¬Inbnń√.

(1) kvt\l-kZyIƒ

BZnak`bv°v, kvt\lkZysb∂ Hcp kaK

`£Wkabw, XncphØmgipiqjmNcWØn\p

apºv D≠mbncp∂psh∂p kqNn∏n°p∂ aq∂p

hmIyßƒ Ipd™]£w ]pXnb\nbaØnep≠v.

BZy-\q-‰m-≠nse k`m-N-cn-X-Ønepw Cu kvt\l-

kZy°p≈ sXfn-hp-Iƒ ImWmw.

\nßƒ IqSn-h-cp-tºmƒ I¿Øm-hns‚ AØm-

g-a√ Ign-°p-∂Xv. `£Ww Ign-°-bn¬ Hmtcm-

cp-Ø≥ Xm¥ms‚ AØmgw apsº Ign-°p∂p.

Aßs\ Hcp-h≥ hni∂pw as‰m-cp-h≥ elcn

]nSn®pw Ccn-°p-∂p. Xn∂p-hm\pw IpSn-∏m\pw

\nßƒ°v hoSp-Iƒ C√tbm? A√; ssZhØn

s‚ k`sb \nßƒ Xp—o-I-cn®p C√m-Ø-hsc

e÷n-∏n-°p-∂pthm \nßtfmSv F¥p ]d-

tb≠p? \nßsf ]pI-g vØp-Itbm

CXn¬ Rm≥ \nßsf ]pI-g vØp-∂n√

( 1 sImcn. 11: 20˛22).

Cu thZ- m-K-Øp-\n∂p Xncp-h-Øm-g-Øn\p apºp≈

`£Ww Ign-°¬ Ah¿ icn-bmb \ne-bn√ \nd-th-

‰n-b-sX∂p ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bpw. Xncp-h-Ømg ipiq-

j-tbmSp tN¿∂v sImcn¥v k -bn¬ kvt\l-kZy \S-

∂-Xmbn CXn¬ \n∂p hy‡-am-Wv.

Ah¿ Xmev°m-enI t`mK-Xr]vXn, kpJw F∂p

h®v \nß-fpsS kvt\l-k-Zy-I-fn¬ \nß-tfmSp-

IqsS hncp-∂p-I-gn™v ]psf-°p∂ Id-Ifpw If-

¶-ß-fp-am-Ip-∂p (2 ]sXm. 2:13).

Ch¿ \nß-fpsS kvt\l-k-Zy-I-fn¬ ad-™p-

In-S°p∂ ]md-Iƒ. \nß-tfm-Sp-IqsS hncp∂pI-

gn™v bw-Iq-SmsX \nß-sf-Øs∂ Xo‰p-∂-h¿;

Im‰p-sIm≠v HmSp∂ sh≈-an-√mØ taL-ßƒ;

Ce-sIm-gn™pw ê-an-√m-sXbpw c≠pcp

NØpw thc‰pw t]mb hr£-ßƒ (bq-Zm. 12).

Xncp-h-Øm-g-Øn\p apºv kvt\l-kZy \S-Ø-W-sa∂v

\n¿_-‘-an-√. BZna k -bpsS amXr-I-bmbn CXns\

ImWmw. CXv k` apgp-h-s\bpw Hcpan®p Iqń-h-cp-

Øp-∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp \√ apJm¥cambnØocmw.

(2) Xncp-h-Ømg ipiq-j-bnse ho™v

""ap¥ncnßm ]ngns™Sp°p∂ Nmdv'' ap¥ncnh≈nbp

sS êw AYhm A\p`hamsW¶nepw ]pXnb\nba

k` XncphØmgØn\v bYm¿∞ ho™v D]tbmKn®n

cpt∂m F∂v sNdnb kwitbm tXm∂mw.

ho™nt\mSv ct≠m aqt∂m \mtem Ccń sh≈hpw

Iqńt®¿°p Isb∂Xmbncp∂p B ImesØ coXn.

sImcn-¥y-k-`-bn¬ sh≈w tN¿°mØ bXm¿∞

ho™v D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn°mw X∑qew Ah¿ elcn

]nSn®p (1 sImcn. 11:21).

Xncp-h-Øm-g-Øn¬ ho™v D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂-XmWv

BZna k`bpsS amXr-I-sb-¶n¬ B[q-\nI k` AXp-

t]mse Xs∂ sNø-W-sa∂v \n¿_-‘-apt≠m? Aß-

s\-bps≠∂p tXm∂p-∂n-√. k -bn¬sh®v Ipń-Iƒ

aZyw ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-sa-∂p≈ \ne-bn¬ amXm-]n-Xm-

°ƒ°v CS¿®-bp-≠m-°p-∂-Xn-ep-]-cn-bmbn bYm¿∞

ho™v(AXmbXv aZyw) D]tbmKn°p∂Xv, elcn

Hcp ]iv\ambn´p≈h¿°v(Aßs\bp≈ ]›mØe

ap≈h¿°v XS¶¬∏mdbmbnØocmw. C]Imcw

"ap¥ncnh≈nbpsS ê'amb bYm¿∞ ho™n\p

(aZyw) ]Icambn ]ngns™SpØ Nmdn¬ sh≈w

tN¿Øp]tbmKn°p∂Xns\ \ymboIcn°phm≥

tdma. 14:21 D]-tbm-Kn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. AhnsS "ho™v'

AYhm ""ap¥n-cn-h-≈n-bpsS êw'' F∂p]tbmKn

®ncn°p∂Xv c‡-sØ NnXoIcn°pIbpamhmw.

1 sImcn. 10:31˛32 Dw ]k‡amWv. XncphØmgsØ

°pdn®v ]Xn]mZn°p∂ Hcp ]›mØeØnemWv B

thZ`mKhpw hcp∂Xv.

amwkw Xn∂m-sXbpw ho™p IpSn-°msXbpw

ktlm-Z-c\v CS¿® hcp-Øp∂ bmsXm∂pw

sNøm-sXbpw Ccn-°p-∂Xv \√Xv (tdm-a. 14:21).

BI-bm¬ \nßƒ Xn∂mepw IpSn-®mepw F¥p

sNbvXmepw F√mw ssZh al-Xz-Øn-\mbn

sNøp-hn≥. sblq-Z-∑m¿°pw bh-\-∑m¿°pw

ssZh-k-`bv°pw CS¿®-bn-√m-Ø-h-cm-Ip-hn≥

(1 sImcn. 10:31˛32).

X\n- ho-™v, Xncp-h-Øm-g-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ k -

Iƒ BZn-a-k- -bpsS amXrI Gsd-°qsd AtX-]Sn

]n≥]-‰p-I-bm-Imw. F∂n-cp-∂mepw ]ngn-s™-Sp-Ø -ap-

¥n-cn-\o-cn¬ sh≈w tN¿Øp-]-tbm-Kn-°p∂” kÌƒ,

BZn-a-k- -bpsS A\p-jvTm\Iaw Hcp ZrjvSm-¥-am-

bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw A√msX AtX-]Sn A\p-jvTn-t°≠

Hcp B⁄-b-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw Icp-Xp-∂p. ]pXnb

\nb-a-Øns‚ A¥: Ø-bmWv Ah¿ Dƒs°m≈p-

∂-sX∂pw A\m-h-iy-amb CS¿®-Itfm ]tem-`-\-

ßtfm Hgn-hm-°m≥ h¿≤n-X-amb Icp-X-emWv Ah¿

sIms°m-≈p-∂-sX∂pw ]d-bmw. InkvXob kzmX-¥y-

Øn¬s]´ Hcp hnj-b-am-bn-´mWv Ah¿ CXns\

ho£n-°p-∂-Xv. (A-Xm-bXv Hcp ZrjvSm-¥tam DZm-l-

c-Wtam BWv; Aev]hpw hyXn-N-en-°msX AtX-

]Sn sNtø≠ Iev]-\-b√ F∂ \ne-]m-Sv). BZn-a-


372

k -bpsS coXn A\p-h¿Øn-°p∂Xnt\-°mƒ ]co-£-

Whpw (]-tem- -\-hpw) CS¿®-bp-ap-≠m-°p∂ kml-

Ncyw Hgn-hm-°p-∂-Xm-Wp-]-[m-\-sa∂v Ah¿ hne-bn-

cp-Øp-∂p. ]tXy-In®pw ]ngn-s™-Sp-°p-∂-Nm-dn¬

sh≈w tN¿Øp-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv ê-Ønepw KpW-

Ønepw ap¥ncnh≈n-bpsS A\p -`hw Xs∂-

bmsW∂pw, c‡-Øns‚ at\m-l-c-amb ]Xo-I-am-sW-

∂pw Ah¿ hn[n-I-ev]n-°p-∂p.

(3) Xncp-h-Ømgw A\p-jvTn-°p∂Xnse CS-thf

]pXnb\nb-a-k` BgvN-tXm-dptam A√m-Ø-]£w

Zn\w-]Xnbpw Xncp-h-Ømgw BN-cn-®p- t]m-∂n-cp-∂p.

F]-Imcw Xncp-h-Ømgw BN-cn-°-s∏- p-sh-∂-Xns‚

DZm-l-c-W-am-WnXv; A√msX C∂v \mw CtX-\n-e-bn¬

\n¿∆-ln-°-W-sa∂v \n¿_-‘n-°p∂ B⁄-b-√.


Iq´mbva BN-cn®pw A∏w \pdp-°nbpw

]m¿∞\ Ign®pw t]m∂p (A-t∏m. ]h. 2:42).

BgvN-h- -Øns‚ H∂mw Znh-k-Øn¬ Rßƒ

A∏w \pdp -°p -hm≥ IqSn -h -∂-t∏mƒ

]utemkv ]ns‰-∂mƒ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hm≥ `mhn-®-

Xp-sIm≠v ]mXn-c-h-scbpw ]kwKw \oń

(A-t∏m. ]h. 20:7).

(4) A¥y- A-Ømg BN-c-W-ßƒ

aØmbn 26:30˛¬ InkvXp Ahkm\ AØmgw Hcp

]m v ]mSns°m≠v Ahkm\n∏n°p∂p. CXv Xncp-h-

Øm-g-Øns‚ Hcp kp]-[m-\- m-K-am-bn-cn-°Ww F∂v

Dt±-in-°-s∏-Sp-∂n√; ]XypX; Cu ]tXyI kµ¿ -

Øn¬, blq-Z-∑m¿ s]klm `£Ww Ah-km-\n-∏n-

°p∂ coXn°v A\p-tbm-Py-ambn I¿Ømhp sNbvXp-

sh-t∂-bp≈q (A-Xm-bXv lt√¬ k¶o¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS

(115- 118 k¶o) c≠mw `mKw ]mSp-∂-Xv). 1 sImcn. 11¬

]m´p-]m-Sp-∂-Xv Hcp Iev]-\-bmbn kqNn-∏n-®n-ń-s√-

¶nepw Xncp-h-Øm-g-ip-iq-j-A-h-km-\n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\v,

CjvSm-\p-krXw sNøm-hp∂; Hcp khn-ti-j-X-bm-bn-

´mWv CXv Ccn°p∂Xv.

Im¬I-gp-I¬ (]mZipiq-j) Gsd hnhm-Z-]-c-amb Hcp

BN-c-W-am-Wv. A¥ym-Ømgka-bØv I¿Ømhp

injy-∑m-cpsS Im¬I-gp-In-sb-∂-Xn\v X¿°-an-√.

F∂m¬ CXv I¿Ømhv As∏m-kvsXm-e-∑m-sc- amXw

(A-Yhm B kµ¿`-sØ-am-Xw) Dt±-in®p sNbvX-

XmtWm AtXm Xncp-h-Øm-g-ip-iq-j-bpsS At -Zy-

amb Hcp `mK-ambn F√m-Im-e-Øp-ap≈ F√m-hn-izm-

kn-Ifpw ]mZ-ip-ipjsNø-W-sa∂v Ahn-Sp∂v BK-

ln-®pthm F∂n-Xns\s®m√n-bmWv henb X¿°-

ap≈Xv.

Hcp ]mX-Øn¬ sh≈w ]I¿∂v injy-∑m-cpsS

Im¬ Igp-Ip-hm\pw Ac-bn¬ Np‰n-bn-cp∂

XpWn-sIm≠v Xph¿Øphm\pw XpSßn; Ah≥

intam≥ ]sXm-kns‚ ASp-°¬ h∂-t∏mƒ

Ah≥ Ah-t\mSp: ""I¿Ømsh \o Fs‚ Im¬

Igp-Ip-∂pthm'' F∂p ]d™p. tbip Ah-

t\mSp: ""Rm≥ sNøp-∂Xv \o Ct∏mƒ Adn-bp-

∂n√ ]ns∂ Adnbpw'' F∂p DØcw ]d-™p....

Ah≥ Ah-cpsS Im¬ Igp-In-bn´v hkvXw

[cn®p ho≠pw Ccp∂p Ah-tcmSp ]d™X:v

Rm≥ \nßƒ°v sNbvXXv C∂sX∂p Adn-

bp-∂pthm? \nßƒ Fs∂ Kpcp-sh∂pw I¿

Øm-sh∂pw hnfn-°p∂p; Rm≥ Aßs\ BI-

sIm≠v \nßƒ ]d-bp-∂Xv icn; I¿Ømhpw

Kpcp-hp-amb Rm≥ \nß-fpsS Im¬ Igp-In-sb-

¶n¬ \nßfpw XΩn¬ XΩn¬ Im¬ Igp-tI-

≠-Xm-Ip-∂p. Rm≥ \nßƒ°v sNbvX-Xp-t]m

se \nßfpw sNtø-≠-Xn\p Rm≥ \nßƒ°p

ZrjvSm¥w X∂n-cn-°p∂p (tbm-l. 13:5˛7, 12˛15).

apJy-ambn ss__nƒ tIµo-Ir-X-amb Nne sNdnb

k`m-hn- m-K-ßƒ Xncp-h-Øm-g-ip-iq-j-tbm-sSm∏w ]mZ-

ip-iq-jbpw BN-cn-°m-dp-≠v. DZm. tKkv _Z-d¨.

B⁄ A\p-h¿Øn-°p∂ Imcy-Øn¬ hg-ßp-∂-

XmWp kpc-£nXw F∂v Hcmƒ Icp-Xp-∂p-sh-¶n¬,

Xmtg-°n-d-ßn-∏-d-b-s´; Xncp-h-Øm-gtØmSpIqsS ]mZ-

ip-iq-j -Dƒs∏-Sp-Øp-∂-XmWp _p≤n (]-tXyIm¬

14- mw hmIy-a-\p-k-cn-®v) F¶nepw I¿Ømhv Cu BN-

cWw km¿∆-Xn-I-ambn hym]n-°-W-sat∂m F°m-

ehpw XpS-c-W-sat∂m Dt±-in-®n- n√ F∂v \ymb-hm-

Zw D∂-bn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. Hcp-]-t£, A¥yØm-g-

Øns‚ bYm¿∞-]-¶m-fn-I-fmb ]mTw I¿Ømhv Dt±-

in-®-Xv. Ah¿ At\ym\yw ]mZw Igp-I-W-am-bn-cp-∂p.

Cu BN-cWw km¿∆-eu-In-I-am-bn-cn-°p-hm≥ Dt±-in-

®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, a‰p -aq∂p kphn-ti-j-tc-J-I-fnse

A¥y-Øm-g- hn-h-c-W-ß-fnepw teJ-\-ß-fn¬ k`-

bpsS A\p-jvTm-\-I-ev]-\-bmepw ]mZ-ip-iqj ]cm-

a¿in-°m-ØXv hnNnXw Xs∂; ]tXy-In®v Xncp-h-

Øm-g-sØ-°p-dn-®p-]-d-bp∂ ]mY-anI `mK-ß-fmb 1

sIm-cn10˛Dw11˛Dw A≤ym-b-ß-fn¬ CXp kw_-‘-n®v

H∂pw ]d-bm-ØXv hnNn-X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

IqSmsX, tbml-∂m≥ 13:15˛¬ ""Rm≥ \nßƒ°v

sNbvX-Xp-t]mse \nßfpw sNøWw'' F∂p I¿Øm

hp ]d-bp-tºmƒ F¥mWv bYm¿∞-ambn A¿∞-am-

°n-b-sX-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v tNmZyw Db-cp-∂p-≠v. CXv

Imep-I-gp-Ip-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®mtWm AtXm Xm≥

ImWn® ZrjvSm-¥-Øn-eqsS Ahn-Sp∂p hc-®p-Im- nb

Xmgva-bp-sSbpw £a-bp-sSbpw kp]-[m-\ -]m-T-ß-sf-


373

bmtWm CXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv? as‰m-cm-fpsS Im¬

Igp-Ip-Ibpw AtX-k-abw At±-l-tØmtSm Ahtfm

tSm hn\bw C√m-Xn-cn-°m\pw kvt\lw ]I-Sn-∏n-°m-

Xn-cn-°p-hm\pw Ign-t™-°mw. Xo¿®-bmbpw tbml-

∂m≥ 13- ¬ Im¬ IgpI F∂ BNm-c-sØ-°mƒ D]-

cn-bmbn ]m[m-\y-tØmsS sNtø-≠n-bn-cn-°p∂

""]h¿Øn-Isf'' I¿Ømhp ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. I¿Ømhp

Ah-cpsS Imep-Isf Igp-Ip∂Xv injy-∑m¿°v ImWp-

hm≥ Ign-™p. F∂m¬ tbml-∂m≥ 13:6˛7 hmIyß

fn¬ InkvXp -X-d-∏n®p ]d-bp-∂-Xv, hmkvX-h-Øn¬

Xm≥ sNbvXXv F¥mtWm AXv as‰t¥m BWv,

AXm-b-Xv, AsX-¥m-sW∂p Kln-°m≥ Nne kabw

FSp-t°-≠n-h-cp-amdv Bg-amb A¿∞-ap-≈-sXt¥m

BsW-∂-tX. C]-Im-cw, “Rm≥ sNbvX-Xp-t]mse

sNb-vhn≥” F∂ Iev]\ Im¬ Igp-Ip-∂-Xns\ kqNn-

∏n-°p-∂p-t]m-ep-an-√, adn®v InkvXp- b-Ym¿∞-Øn¬

sNbvX-sX-¥mtWm AXn-s\-bmWp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv;

AXm-b-Xv, amXr-Im-hn-\-bhpw £a-bpw. XΩn¬ XΩn¬

Igp-tIWw F∂v tbml. 13:14¬ ]d-bp -∂-Xv,

“At\ym\yw £an-°p-Ibpw At\ym\yw ipiq-jn-°p-

Ibpw sNbvhn≥” F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬; XΩn¬ XΩn¬

Igp-Ip-hm-\p≈ Iev]-\-bm-sW∂v ho£n-°p-hm≥

km[n-°pw.

]m-Zip-iq-j -kw-_\v[n® hntbm-Pn-∏n¬ Xs∂ hnizm-

kn-Iƒ°v At\ym\yw Bim-h-l-am-Ipw- hn[w kvt\

l-am-bn-cn-∏m\pw Ign-bpw. A¥y-Øm-g-am-XrI IqSp-X¬

I¿i-\-ambn ]n¥p-S-cm-Ø-Xn¬ Nne¿°v Akw-Xr]vXn

tXm∂p-∂p. a‰p-≈-h-cm-I-s´, ]mZ-ip-iqj Hcp A\p-

jvTm-\-I-ev]-\-bmbn as‰ßpw ]Tn-∏n-®n-´n-√-sb∂p

I≠v, hyXy-kvX-amb hymJym-\-ßƒ km≤y-amb

Hscm‰ thZ- m-K-sØ Bkv]-Z-am°n ‘\n¿_‘amb

BN-cWw’ Dfhm-°p-∂-Xn¬ AXp-t]mse Xs∂

Akw-Xr-]vX-cm-Ip-∂p.

b. Xncph-Øm-gm-N-cWw kw_-‘n® A\p-im-k\w

Xncp-h-Øm-g- B-N-c-W-ß-tfmSp_‘-s∏ v k` \n¿_-

‘-ambpw A\p-h¿Øn-t°≠ AXy-¥m-t]-£n-X-amb

BNm-c-co-Xn-Iƒ 1 sIm-cn 11:23 ˛32 hsc \¬Ip-∂p

(a-Øm. 26; 26- 29; a¿s°m. 14:22- 25; eqs°m. 22:17- 20

hscbpw ImWpI).

Rm≥ I¿Øm-hn-¶¬ \n∂p ]m]n-°p-Ibpw

\nßƒ°v Gev∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXXp Fs¥-

∂m¬ I¿Ømhmb tbip-hns\ ImWn-®p-sIm-

SpØ cmXn-bn¬ Ah≥ A∏w FSpØp kvtXm

Xw sNm√n \pdp°n, ""CXp \nßƒ°p-th-≠n-

bp≈ Fs‚ icocw Fs‚ Hm¿Ω-bv°mbn CXp

sNbvhn≥'' F∂p ]d™p. A∆Æw Xs∂

AØmgw Ign™ tijw Ah≥

]m\]mXhpw FSpØp; Cu ]m\-]mXw Fs‚

c‡-Øn≥ ]pXn-b-\n-baw BIp-∂p. CXp IpSn-

°p-tºm-sgm-s°bpw Fs‚ Hm¿Ωbv°mbn

sNbvhn≥ F∂p ]d™p. Aßs\ \nßƒ

Cu A∏w Xn∂p-Ibpw ]m\-]mXw IpSn-°p-

Ibpw sNøptºm-sgm-s°bpw I¿Ømhp hcp-

thmfw Ahs‚ ac-WsØ ]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p.

AXp-sIm≠v Atbm-Ky-ambn A∏w Xn∂p-Itbm

I¿Øm-hns‚ ]m\-]mXw IpSn-°p-Itbm sNøp-

∂-h≥ F√mw I¿Øm-hns‚ ico-chpw c‡hpw

kw_-‘n®p Ip‰-°m-c≥ BIpw. a\p-jy≥

Xs∂-Øm≥ tim[\ sNbvXn-´p-thWw Cu

A∏w Xn∂p-Ibpw ]m\-]m-X-Øn¬ \n∂p IpSn-

°p-Ibpw sNbvhm≥. Xn∂p-Ibpw IpSn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂-h≥ ico-csØ hnth-Nn-°m-™m¬

X\n°p in£m-hn[n Xn∂p-Ibpw IpSn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. CXp tlXp-hmbn \nß-fn¬ ]ecpw

_e-lo-\cpw tcmKn-Ifpw BIp∂p; At\-Icpw

\nZ-sIm-≈p∂p. \mw \sΩØs∂ hn[n-®m¬

hn[n-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. hn[n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh-¶ntem

\mw temI-tØmSp IqsS in£m-hn-[n-bn¬ AI-

s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-t°-≠-Xn\p I¿Ømhp \sΩ _me-

in£ Ign-°-bm-Ip∂p ( 1 sImcn. 11:23˛32).

1 sImcn. 11:23˛¬ h®n-cn-°p∂ Xncp-h-Øm-g-am-Xr-I,

H∂m-aXv kvtXmXw sNtøWw F∂v A\p-im-kn-°p-

∂p. A∏w FSp-Ø-Xn-\p -apºpw ]m\-]mXw FSp-°p-

∂-Xn-\p- apºpw ]s¶-Sp°pw apºv Cu ]m¿∞-\m-am-

Xr-Ibpw AXp-t]mse Xt∂ BZyw A∏w, ]ns∂

]m\-]mXw F∂ Iahpw ]n¥p-S-cp-∂Xv G‰hpw \√Xv.

A\p-jvTn-°p-∂Xv Ft∏m-sgm-s°, AYhm CS-th-f-

bpsS AIew kw_-‘n®v Cu thZ- mKw kzmX¥yw

A\p-h-Zn-°p∂p (1-sImcn 11:25¬ “sNøptºm-sgm-

s°bpw as often as). BZn-a-k` BgvNtXmdpw BN-

cn-®n-cp-∂p-sh∂pw (A.-] 20:7) an°-hm-dpw, Znhkw

tXmdpw Xs∂, BN-cn-®p-sh∂pw ImWp∂p (A.-

].2:42, 46) Ah¿ A\p- -hn-®-]o-U-\-Øns‚ kml-N-

cy-Øn¬, CXv a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-tX-bp-≈q. k -bpsS

iXp-°-fn¬ \n∂p≈ `oj-Wnbpw Ipe-]m-X-I-ßfpw

A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ ka-bØv XpS¿am-\-ambn

\S-Øn-bn-cp∂ ipiqj, k`sb Xmßn-\n¿Øp-hm≥

apJm-¥-c-ambnØo¿∂p. Cu \ne-bn-ep≈ tim[\

B[p-\nI k`- A[n-I-]¶pw A\p-`-hn-°p-∂n-√.

\ΩpsS ]m]-ßsf Hm¿Øv A\p-X-]n-°p-hm\pw

I¿Øm-hns‚ bmK-a-c-WsØ ad-∂p-t]m-ImsX XS-

bp-∂-Xn\pw \ΩpsS ]m]-ßƒ G‰p-]-d-bp-hm≥ Hm¿Ω-


374

s∏-Sp-Øp∂ \nc-¥-c -km-h-Im-i-ßƒ A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂-

Xn\pw aXn-bmw-hÆw XpS¿®-bmbn Xncp-h-Ømgw A\p-

jvTn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. At∏mƒXs∂ hnc-khpw A¿∞-

c-ln-X-hp-amb Hcp NS-ßmbn A[:]Xn-°-Ø-°-hn[w

ASp-∏n®v BN-cn-°p-I-bp-a-cp-Xv. Xncp-h-Ømgw Ft∏m-

sgms° (F-X-amXw CS-th-f-bn- v) BNcn°mw F∂-

Xn¬ ss__nƒ Abhv A\p-h-Zn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm-

≠v, Cu e£y-ßƒ G‰hpw \∂mbn km[n-°-Ø°

ka-b-ssZ¿Lyw Hcp ÿew-k- -bnse aq∏-∑m¿ Xncp-

am-\n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

BN-c-W-I-a-Øn-\p-a-∏pdw I¿Øm-hns‚ AØm-g-

Øn¬ ]s¶Sp°p-∂-Xn-\p-ap-ºp≈ “Xs∂Øm≥

tim[-\-”bmWv 1 sImcn. 11:28 Dw 31 Dw hmIy-ßƒ

Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. 27- mw hmIyw “AtbmKyamb \ne-

bn¬” ]m\]mXw IpSn-°p-∂-Xns\ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.

A\p-jvTn-°p-∂-Xnse Atbm-Ky-\n-e-sb-bmWv Cu

Inbm-]Zw Du∂n-∏-d-bp-∂Xv; hy‡n-bpsS Atbm-Ky-

X-sb-°p-dn-®-√. BXy-¥n-I-amb A¿∞-Øn¬ Xncp-

h-Ømgw FSp-°p-hm≥ Bcpw tbmKy-c-√. \ap-°p-th-

≠n-bp≈ InkvXp-hns‚ bmK-am-bn-cp∂p If-¶-c-ln-

X-amb Ir]. ]usem-kv, Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬

][m\ambpw Xmev]-cy-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv, Xncp-h-Øm-g-Øn¬

]s¶Sp°p-∂-h¿ “icocsØ icn-bmbn hnth-Nn-°-Ww

AYhm hn[n-°Ww” F∂mWv. AXm-b-Xv, Cu

A\pjvTm\-Øns‚ Kuc-h-a-\p-k-cn-®p≈ BZ-c-thmSpw

_lp-am-\tØmSpw Ah¿ A\p-jvTn-°-W-sa-∂m-Wv.

sImcn¥y-cm-I-s´, Ah-cpsS “kvt\lkZy” -bn¬

Xßƒ°p-Xs∂ Hm°m\w hcp-thmfw hb-dp-\n-dsb

B¿Øn-tbmsS Ign®pw el-cn-bm¬ aØ-cm-Ip∂

ÿnXntbmfw IpSn®pw BZ-c-hn-√m-Ø- \n-e-bn-emWv

A\p-jvTn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. G‰p-]-d-bm-Ø- ]m-]-tØmSp IqsS

Xncp-h-Ømgw A\p-jvTn-°p∂ Hcmƒ ac-W-Øn-te°p

\n]-Xn°pw F∂√ ]›m-Ø-e-Ønse hnj-bw.

in£m-hn-[n-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ ap∂-dn-bn∏v \¬In-bn-cn-

°p∂Xv ]tXy-In®pw I¿Øm-hns‚ AØm-gsØ

]cn-lm-k-hn-j-b-am-°n-Øo¿Ø-h-tcm-Sm-Wv. ssZhn-I-

\ym-b-hn-[n-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ ap∂-dn-bn-∏ns‚ tlXp Ch-

cm-Wv. F∂p-h-cn-Inepw hmkvX-h-ambn Xncp-h-Øm-gm-

\p-jvTm-\-k-µ¿ -Øn¬ Hcmƒ°v AXn-t\m-Sp≈ at\m-

`mhw ]tXyIw ]cn -tim -[n -°p -∂tXmsSm∏w

InkvXob Pohn-X-Øns‚ F√m hi-ßfpw s]mXp-

hmbn H∂p-]-cn-tim-[n-°p-∂Xv _p≤n-]q¿∆-amb Imcyw-

X-s∂-bm-Wv. Xncp-h-Øm-g-tØm-Sp≈ Ahn-ip-≤-a-t\m-

`m-h-ßƒ ssZhsØ tIm]n-∏n-°p-sa-¶n¬, a‰p- -hn-[-

Øn-ep≈ ]m]-ßƒ G‰p-]-d-bm-Ø-A-h-ÿ-bn¬

Hcmƒ Xncp-h-Øm-g-Øn¬ ]¶p-sIm-≈p-∂Xpw ssZh-

Øn-\p-]-km-Z-a√ F∂ \n¿Æ-b-Øn-emWv At\-Icpw

FØn-t®-cp-∂-Xv. a‰p-≈-]m-]-ßƒ°pw ssZhw hnizm-

kn-Isf _me-in-£-I-gn-°p-sa∂v \mw a‰p thZ- m-K-

ß-fn¬ \n∂pw a\- n-em-°p-∂p.

c. Xncp-h-Øm-g-Øns‚ A¿∞w

(1) hkvXpam‰kn≤m¥w

1215˛se ems‰-d≥ Iu¨kn-en¬ sh®v tdma≥

ItØm-en°m k` AXns‚ HutZym-KnI ImgvN-∏m-

Smbn hkvXp-am‰kn≤m-¥sØ kzoI-cn®p. hkvXp-am-

‰-kn-≤m¥w A¿∞-am-°p-∂-Xv, Hcp ]ptcm-ln-X≥

]Zm¿∞-ßssf hmgvØp-tºmƒ Ah InkvXp-hns‚

bYm¿∞ -i-co-chpw c‡-hp-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p-sh-∂mWv.

InkvXp-hns‚ ico-chpw c‡hpw c£bv°v A\n-hm-

cy-am-sW∂v hmZn-®p-sIm≠v A©p- ap-X¬ ]Xn-\-©p-

h-sc-bp≈ \q‰m-≠p-I-fnse cmPy-ß-fn¬ P\-ßƒ°v

Ip¿∫m\ hne°n ItØm-en-°m-k` Ahsc oXn-s∏-

Sp-Øp-hm-\n-S-bm-bn. aX-]-c-amb CØcw “hne°v” ]e-

t∏mgpw A⁄cpw `b-N-In-X-cpa-mb Bfp-Isf,

t]m∏ns\ BZ-cn-°mØ cmPm-°-∑m¿s°-Xn-cmbn Ie-

l-ap-≠m-°p-∂-Xn-te°p hen-®n-sg-®p. km[m-cW

hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v ]m\-]mXw \ntj-[n-®-Xn\v ASn-ÿm-

\hpw hkvXp-am‰ ho£-WwX-s∂. Ah¿ “InkvXp-

hn¬ c‡w” Aev]sa-¶nepw XqIn-°-f™v ipiq-

jsb Ah-tl-fn-°m≥ km[y-X-bp-s≠∂p Nn¥n-

®mWv Aßs\ sNbvX-Xv.

Xncp-h-Øm-g-Ønse hkvXp-am-‰-ho-£Ww Hcp Zpcp-]-

tZ-i-am-sW-∂v, ]q¿Æ-sF-Iy-X-tbm-sS, s]m -Ã‚p-Im¿

\ncm-I-cn -°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. InkvXp-hns‚ bmKw

kºq¿Æ-ambncps∂∂pw AXv Bh¿Øn-t°≠

Bhiyw Hcn-°-ep-an-s√∂pw ]Tn-∏n°p∂ ]pXn-b-\n-

b-a-Øn\p hncp≤ambn InkvXp ho≠pw ho≠pw bmKw

A¿∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh∂ ho£-W-amWv hkvXp-am-‰-kn-

≤m¥w AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v G‰hpw hen-b-X-S w

(9- mw A≤ymbw 1˛mw `mKw t\m°p-I).


embn Ign® ico-c-bm-K-Øm¬ hnip-≤o-I-cn-°-

s∏- n-cn-°p∂p..... GIbmK-Øm¬ Ah≥ hnip-

≤o-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿°v kZm-Im-e-tØ°pw

k¬Kp-W-]q¿Øn hcp -Øn-bn -cn -°p -∂p.. .

(F-_m. 10:10, 14).

]h¿Øn-bm-ep≈ c£ F∂ ]Tn-∏n-°-em-Wv hkvXp-

am‰ ipiqj apt∂m´p h® as‰mcp Zpc-p]-tZ-iw.

ss__n-fn\p hn]-co-X-ambn hkvXp-am-‰-kn-≤m¥w

c£bv°v B[m-c-ambn aX-]-c-amb I¿Ω-ßfpw BNm-

c-ßfpw AwKo-I-cn-°p∂p (tdma¿ 4:5; Fs^. 2:8˛9;

XosØmkv 3:5).


375

hkvXp-am-‰-kn-≤m-¥sØ ssIs°m-≈p-∂-h¿ “CXv

Fs‚ icocw” F∂ I¿Øm-hns‚ ssieo-]tbmK

tØmSv \oXn ]pe¿Øp∂Xn¬ Atº ]cmPbs∏-Sp-

I-bm-Wv. hy‡-ambpw I¿Ømhp kwkm-cn-®Xv Imev]-

\n-Im¿∞-Øn-emWv; ImcWw Cu hm°p-Iƒ I¿Ømhp-

]-d-bp-tºmƒ Ahn-Sp∂v icocw c‡-ß-tfmsS AhnsS

Ccn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p! A£-coI hymJym\w A¿∞-

am-°p-∂-Xv, km[m-cW \ne-bn¬, D]-tbm-K-co-Xn-bpsS

shfn-®-Øn¬, mj-bpsS \nb-a-ßƒ \¬Ip∂ s]mXp-

hmb A¿∞]Im-cw, B ImeØp \ne-hn-en-cp∂

coXn-Ifpw ]›m-Ø-e-hp-a-\p-k-cn®v Cu hm°p-Iƒ

FSp-°-W-sa-∂m-Wv. InkvXp-i-cocw k∂n-ln-X-\m-bn-

cn-s°, “CXv Fs‚ icocw” F∂ ]tbmKw “Rm≥

hmXn-em-°p-∂p”, “Rm≥ km£m¬ ap¥n-cn-h-≈n”,“Rm≥ shfn®w BIp∂p” CXymZn - ] -tbm -K -

ßsft∏mse Xs∂ hymJym-\n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

tbml. 6˛¬ InkvXp-hns‚ XI¿°s∏´ i-co-c-Ønepw

sNmcn-b-s∏´ c‡-Øn-ep-apff km£m¬ ]¶m-fnØw

F¥m-sW∂v \n¿∆-Nn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. 35, 48 hmIy-ß-fn¬

I¿Ømhv “Pohs‚ A∏-am-Wv F∂v AhIm-i-s∏-

Sp∂p. tbml-∂m≥ 6:55˛¬ I¿Ømhp Xs‚ icocw

Blm-c-ambpw Xs‚ c‡w ]m\ob-ambpw ]d-™n-cn-

°p∂p ""tbml-∂m≥ 6s‚ ka-bØv Xncp-h-Øm-g-

sØ-°p-dn®p≈ Iev]\ \evIn-bn- n√ F∂p-≈Xv

Hm¿Øn-cn-°p-∂Xv klm--b-I-c-amWv'' Cu \ne-bn¬

]›m-Ø-e-a-\p-k-cn®v InkvXp-hns‚ amwkw `£n-

°pI, c‡w IpSn-°pI Fs∂m-°-∏-d-bp-∂-Xn\v Xncp-

h-Øm-g-hp-ambn bmsXmcp _‘-hp-an-√. t\tc-a-dn®v

I¿Øm-hp-Xs∂ Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ hy‡-am-°p-

∂-Xp-t]m-se, InkvXp-hns‚ XI¿s∏-´- i-co-c-Øn-

s‚bpw sNmcn™ c‡-Øn-s‚bpw ]tbm-P-\-ßƒ

hy‡n-]-c-ambn A\p- -hn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-bmWv CXp- kq-

Nn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

...-Rm≥ Pohs‚ A∏-am-Ip∂p Fs‚ ASp-°¬

hcp-∂-h\p hni-°p-I-bn√ F∂n¬ hniz-kn-

°p-∂-h\v Hcp -\mfpw Zmln-°p-Ibpan√

(tbm-l. 6:35).

Bta≥ Bta≥ Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp ]d-bp∂p

hniz-kn-°p-∂-h\p \nXy-Po-h-\p≠v Rm≥

Pohs‚ A∏w BIp∂p (tbm-l-∂m≥ 6:47˛48).

tbm-l. 6:40 s‚bpw 54- s‚bpw Ah-km-\- m-K-ßƒ

]tXy-Im¬ Ipdn-s°m-t≈-≠Xm-Wv. Ah c≠pw Hcp-

t]m-se-bm-Wv. ‘Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p∂’ F∂ 40- mw

hmIy-Ønse ]tbm-KØn\p Xpey-amWv 54- mw hmIy-

Øn¬ ‘Fs‚ amwkw Xn∂p-Ibpw c‡w IpSn-°p-

Ibpw sNøpI’ F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. tbml. 6-˛se

hnjbw Xncp-h-Øm-g-a-√. InkvXp-hns‚ XI¿°-s∏ -

i-co-c-Ønepw sNmcn™ c‡-Ønepw hniz-kn-°p-∂-

Xn-\m¬ hy‡n-]-c-ambn A\p- -h-am-°p∂ Imcy-amWv

Ahn-Sp∂p ]Tn-∏n°p∂Xv.

(2) Znhy-km-∂n-≤y-hmZw

A∏-ho-™p-Iƒ AYhm ]Zm¿∞-ßƒ InkvXp-hn-

s‚ bYm¿∞ ico-c-c-‡-ß-fmbn hkvXp-am‰w kw -

hn-°p-∂p-sh∂ Nn¥m-K-Xnsb eqY-d¨ hnizmkw

AYhm eqY-d¨ ho£Ww Xnc-kv°-cn-°p-∂p.

InkvXp-hns‚ ico-chpw c‡hpw am¿Ωn-I-amb Bi-

b-Øn¬, A£-coI A∏-tØmSpw ]m\-]m-X-tØmSpw

IqsS k∂n-ln-X-am-sW-∂mWv Cu ]Tn-∏n-°¬.

InkvXp-hns‚ ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏´ the-bn¬ hniz-

kn-°p-∂-Xn\v A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂-Xn-\mepw hnizm-k-Øm¬

amX-amWv \oXn-I-cn-°-W-sa∂v AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-

\mepw (`q-cn-]£w bmYm-ÿn-XI eqY-d≥Imcpw

AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se) Znhy-km-∂n-≤y-kn-≤m¥w;

hkvXp-am-‰-kn-≤m-¥sØ At]-£n®v Aev]w IqsS

kzoIm-cy-am-Wv. AYhm Aev]ta Bt£-]-I-c-am-bn-

cn-°p-∂p-f-fq. Hmtcm hnizm-kn-bp-sSbpw D≈n¬

InkvXp Bfln-I-ambn k∂n-ln-X-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-

sIm≠pw (tdm-a. 8:9) ct≠m- aq-t∂m-t]¿ Ahn-SpsØ

\ma-Øn¬ IqSn-h-cp-tºmƒ Ahn-Sp∂v Ah-cpsS a[y-

Øn¬ D≈-Xp-sIm≠pw (a-Øm. 18:20), Xncp-h-Øm-g-

h-kvXp-°-fn¬ I¿Øm-hns‚ BflnI km∂n≤yw

Ds≠∂p Nn¥n-°p-∂-Xn\v km≤y-X-bp-≠v. Hmtcm Xncp-

h-Ømg ipiq-j-bnepw kphn-tijw ]Jym-]n-°-s∏-

Sp∂p F∂p≈ eqX-d¨ ho£-W-tØmSv B¿°pw

]q¿Æ-a-\-t msS tbmPn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. A∏

ho™p-Iƒ Bscbpw c£-bn-te°p \bn-°p-I-bn-s√-

¶nepw XI¿°-s∏´ ico-c-Øn-s‚bpw sNmcnb-s∏´

c‡-Øn-s‚bpw bmYm¿∞y-ßƒ Bfp-Isf c£n-

°p∂p, amX-a√ Cu ipiqj a\- n-em-Ip∂ F√m-

h-tcmSpw Cu kvamcI hkvXp-°ƒ ]Xo-Im-fl-I-ambn

c£bpsS apJm¥csØ°p-dn®v ]Tn∏n°p∂p

(1 sImcn. 1:26 ImWpI. ""I¿Øm-hns‚ ac-WsØ

]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p'').

(3) kvamc-I -ipiqjbm-sW∂ ho£Ww

\ho-I-cW ]kv_n-t‰-dn-b≥, _m]v‰n-Ãp- ]m-c-º-cy-ß-

fn-ep-≈- k- -Iƒ s]mXpth Xncp-h-Ømgw kvamc-I-ip-

iq-j-bm-sW-∂ -]-£-°mc\mWv. CXns‚b¿∞w

]Zm¿∞-ßƒ(A-∏-ho -™p-Iƒ) I¿Øm-hns‚

bYm¿∞ ico-c-c-‡-ßtfm am¿ΩnI ico-c-c-‡-

ßtfm A√ F∂mWv; t\tc-a-dn®v Ah kvac-W-bn¬

klm-b-I-amb kmZr-iy-ß-fm-Wv. Xncp-h-Øm-g-ip-iq-

j-bpsS Hcp Dt±iyw CXm-sW∂v At\I ]tbm-K-


376

ssi-en-Iƒ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p:˛ ""Fs‚ Hm¿Ω-

bv°mbn CXp sNbvhn≥'' (eq-t°mkv 22: 19). ""Fs‚

Hm¿Ω-bv°mbn CXp sNbvhn≥'' (1 sImcn. 11:24).

Aßs\ \nßƒ Cu A∏w Xn∂p-Ibpw ]m\-]mXw

IpSn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-tºm-sgm-s°bpw I¿Ømhv hcp-

thmfw Ahs‚ ac-WsØ ]kvXm -hn -°p∂p

(1 sIm-cn. 11:26).

Xncp-hØmgw Hcp Hm¿Ω-bpsS ipiq-j-bm-sW∂v ]cn-

K-Wn-°-bm-Wp- th-≠-sX∂v ÿm]n®p Ign™

ÿnXn°v Cu kvamc-I-ip-iq-j-bpsS ]tXy-I-X-I-ƒ

C\w Xncn®p ]Tn-°p-∂Xv bp‡n-]q¿Æ-am-Wv. Xs‚

P\w F¥v Hm¿°-W-sa-∂mWv ssZhw BK-ln-°p-

∂-Xv? Cu A\p-jvTm-\w- kw-_-‘n® aq∂p ]tbm-K-

ß-fm¬ CXv \∂mbn hn -Pn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. kvtXm

Xm¿∏Ww AYhm \µn-]-d-bp-I, Iq´m-bva, I¿Øm-

hns‚ AØm-gw.

(a) bp°m-dnÃv AYhm kvtXmXm¿∏Ww

‘bq°m-dnÃv’ F∂ ]tbmKw Nne ]tXyI k`mhn`m-

K-ß-fpsS hI-bmb Hcp InkvXob ]utcm-ln-Xy-]-Z-

a-√. ‘\µn]d-bpI’ F∂Xn-\p≈ Ko°p-hm-°ns‚ Hcp

]tXyI cp]-am-Wn-Xv. bq°m-dn-Ãns‚ A\p-jvTm\w

InkvXp-hns‚ XI¿°-s∏´ ico-c-Øn-s‚bpw sNmcn-

bs∏´ tNmc-bp-sSbpw bmKsØ Bg-amb D]-Im-c-

kva-c-W-tbmsS Hm¿°p-hm≥ \ap°p klm-b-I-am-tI-

≠-Xm-Wv. InkvXp Xs‚ XymK-]q¿Æmb kvt\lw

\nanØw kz¥ Pohs\ Zm\-ambn \¬In ( tbml.

10:8; aØmbn 26:53; F_m. 12:3). X∑qew Xm≥ \nXy-

ambn \µn°v A¿l-\m-Wv. InkvXp-hns‚ ac-W-

sØbpw Ahn-SpsØ XI¿°-s∏´ ico-c-Øn-s‚bpw

sNmcn-™ -tNm-c-bp-sSbpw \∑-Isf Hcn-°epw ad-

°msX kvacn-°p-∂-Xn\pw bq°m-dnÃv \sΩ klm-

bn-°p-∂p.

(b) Iq´mbva

Iq´mbvasb∂-Xns‚ Cw•o-jp-cq-]-amb CommunioneØo\n¬ \n∂p¬ -hn-®-XmWv; ‘s]mXphmbn- p≈

F¥n-s\sb¶nepw’ kqNn∏n°p∂-Xm-Wn-Xv. ‘IΩyq-Wn-

b≥’ F∂v ]cn- mjs∏Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂ Ko°p ]Z-

Øns‚ A¿∞w ‘Iq´mbva’ (Fellowship) F∂mWv.

hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v InkvXp-hn-t\mSpw kl-hn-izm-kn-I-

tfm-Sp-ap≈ Iq´m-bva-bp-sSbpw sFIy--X-sbbpw Hcp-a-

sbbpw Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°Ww Iq´m-bva-tbm-K-

ßƒ AYhm Iq´m-bva-ip-iq-jm. ‘Hc∏Øn¬’ \n∂pw

‘Hcp]m\-]m-X-’Øn¬ \n∂pw ]¶m-fn-I-fm-Ip∂ IΩyq-

Wn-b-\n¬(Iq- mbva ipiq-j-bn¬) InkvXp-hns‚ Poh-

\n-ep≈ \ΩpsS ]¶m-fn-Øhpw sFIy-Xbpw; F√m

hnizm-kn-I-fp-sSbpw sFIy-Xbpw \mw Hm¿°p-I-bmWv.

1 sImcn 10:16 17 hsc-bp≈ hmIy-ßƒ, InkvXp-hns‚

Poh-\n-ep≈ sFIy-X-tbmSpw (C\w Xncn-®p-]-d-

™m¬ Ahn-SpsØ c‡-s®m-cn-®n-ens‚ \∑-I-tfmSv)

InkvXp-hn≥ ico-c-Ønse as‰-√m-hn-izm-kn-I-fp-am-

bp≈ sFIy-X-tbm-Spw, IΩyq-Wn-bs\ (hn-ip-≤-Iq- m-

bva-sb) _‘-∏n-°p-∂p.

\mw A\pK-ln -°p∂ A\p-K-l-]mXw

InkvXp-hns‚ c‡-Øns‚ Iq´mbva A√tbm?

\mw \pdp-°p∂ A∏w InkvXp-hns‚ ico-c-

Øns‚ Iq´mbva A√tbm? A∏w H∂p BI-

sIm≠v ]e-cmb \mw Htc A∏-Øn¬ Awin-

Iƒ BIp-∂p-ht√m (1 sImcn. 10:16˛17).

(c) Xncp-h-Ømgw

Xncp-h-Ømgw \sΩ Hm¿∏n-°p-∂Xv Cu A\p-jvTm-\-

Øn¬ AZr-iy-\mb BXn-tY-b≥ I¿Øm-hmWv

F∂sX amX-a√, a‰p- ]-tbm-K-ß-tf-°mƒ, Iqio-

Ic-W-Øn-\p-ap-ºmbn A¥y-Øm-g-k-a-bØv Cu A\p-

jvTm-\-Øns‚ D¬`-h-Øn-te°p ]nt∂m°w hnc¬

Nq≠n \n¬°p-∂Xv Cu ]tbm-K-am-Wv. CXv I¿Øm-

hns‚ AØm-g-am-Wv. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬ Ahn-Sp-

∂mWv CXn\v Bcw`w Ipdn-®-Xv. Xncp-h-Ømgw BN-

cn-°p-tºmƒ \mw B A¥y AØm-g-sØ-°p-dn®v

Hm¿°-Ww. amXa√, AhnSp∂v aSßnh∂v Xs‚

cmPyØn¬ \tΩmSpIqsS ]s¶Sp°psa∂

InkvXphns‚ hmKvZØhpw ]tXyIm¬ \mw

Hm¿°Ww. InkvXp-hns‚ Ign-™-Ime Iqip-a-c-W-

Øn-te°pw InkvXp-hn-t\mSpw as‰√m hnizm-kn-I-fp-

ambpw e`n-®n-cn-°p∂ h¿Ø-am-\-Ime sFIy-X-bn-

te°pw i≤-Xn-cn-°p-hm-\mWv Cu A\p-jvTm\w

\sΩ _e-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-sX-¶nepw, InkvXp- a-S-ßn-h-

cp-sa-∂p≈ hmKvZØw Hm¿°p-hm\pw CXv \Ωp°p

Imc-W-am-tI-≠-Xm-Wv.

Fs‚ ]nXm-hns‚ cmPy-Øn¬ \nß-tfm-Sp-

IqsS ]pXp-Xmbn IpSn°pw \mƒ hsc Rm≥

ap¥n-cn-h-≈n-bpsS Cu A\p- -h-Øn¬ \n∂p

C\n IpSn-°p-I-bn√ F∂p Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp

]d-bp∂p F∂p ]d™p (a-Ømbn 26:29).

I¿Ømhp hcp-thmfw Ahs‚ ac-WsØ

]kvXm-hn-°p∂p (1 sImcn. 11:26).

(4) kwt£]w

I¿Øm-hns‚ BflnI km∂n≤yw Xncp-h-Øm-g-Øn¬

D≠m-bn-cn-°mw. G‰hpw Ipd-™Xv Xncp-h-Ømgw Hcp

kvamcI ipiq-j-bm-Wv. InkvXp-hn¬ ]q¿∆-Im-e-bm-

K-sØbpw InkvXp-hn-t\mSpw as‰√m hnizm-kn-


377

ItfmSpw e`n-®n-cn-°p∂ h¿Ø-am-\-Ime sFIy-X-

sbbpw X\n-°p-≈-h-cp-ambn cmPy-Øn¬ hncp∂p Ign-

°m≥ mhn-bn¬ aS-ßn-h-cp-sa-∂p≈ hmKvZ-Ø-sØbpw

Hm¿Ωn-°p-hm-\p≈ D]m-[n-bm-bn-´mWv CXv Dt±-

in®n´pf-f-Xv. Xncp-h-Ømgw A\p-jvTn-°p-tºmƒ Cu

A\p-K-lo-X-Nn-¥-I-sf√mw a\- n¬ hc-Ww.

2. kv\m\w

kv\m\-Øns‚ A¿∞w, kv\m\-hn[w Ch c≠n-t\m-

Sp-ap≈ _‘-Øn¬ _m]v‰n-Ãp- ho-£-W-KXn Xncp-h-

N-\m-[n-jvTn-X-am-sW-∂p-≈Xv hy‡-am-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xm-

Wv. Cu hnjbw IqSp-X¬ ]q¿ÆX-tbmsS ]Xn-]m-

Zn-°-Ø-°-Xp-t]mse CX-c-Nn-¥m-K-Xn-Ifpw ]´n-I-bm-

bn- \¬In-bn- p-≠v.

a. kv\m\-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ hnhn[ ho£-W-ßƒ

(1) IqZmim ho£Ww

IqZmi (sacrament) F∂ ]Zw seØo≥ ]Z-Øn¬

\n∂mWv D≠mbn h∂-Xv. CXns‚ A¿∞w ""AS-

bmfw, ]Xn⁄ As√-¶n¬ A®mcw'' F∂mWv.

Nne¿ inip-kv\m-\sØ; inip-hns\ ho≠pw P\n-∏n-

°p∂ Hcp IqZm-i-bmbn ImWp-∂p. CXv inip-hns\

InkvXp-i-co-c-Øns‚ Poh-\p≈ AwK-am°nØo¿°p-

∂p-sh-∂mWv Ah-cpsS ho£-Ww. Ip™p-a-cn-®m¬

\nXy-\m-i-Øn¬\n∂v CXp-aqew B inip kpc-£n-

X-\m-sW∂v Ah¿ Icp-Xp-∂p. IqSm-sX, c£ Hcp

XpS¿]-In-b-bm-sW-∂mWv IqZm-im-ho-£-W-°m¿

A\p-am-\n-°p-∂-Xv. C]-Im-cw, Ir]-bn¬ hf-cp∂ DS-

º-Sn-bn≥ ]mX-bn¬ Ip´nsb B°n-sh-bv°p∂p; Ime-

I-ta-W, \nXy-Po-h≥ t\Sp-Itbm \ne-\n¿ØpItbm

sNbvXp-sIm≈pw F∂v Bin-°p∂ ho£-W-am-WnXv.

(2) kv\m\-Øm-ep≈ ho≠pw P\\w

‘apXn¿∂hcpsS kv\m\w’ hnizkn°p-∂-h-cn-te-°v,

kv\m\-Øm-ep≈ ho≠pw P\\w \mw Npcp-°p-I-bm-

sW-¶n¬, Cu mKØv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se,

Cu hnj-bw, kv\m\w Hcp IqZm-i-bm-sW∂ ho£-

W-Øn¬ \n∂p hyXy-kvX-am-Wv. InkvXp-k-`-Iƒ

XpSßnb kam\ k`m-hn- m-K-ßƒ in-ipkv\m\w BN-

cn-°p-∂n-√, F∂m¬ kv\m\w c£bv°v A\n-hm-cy-

amb apJm-¥-c-am-sW∂v Ah¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂p.

hnizmkw amXw aXn-bm-b-X-√. c£n-°-s∏tS≠-Xn\v

Hcp hnizmkn kv\m\-Øn\v Gev]n®p sImSp-t°-≠-

Xp-≠v. (CXv Cu ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ c≠mw- m-KØv 9˛mw

A≤ym-b-Øn¬ ‘c£m-XXzimkvXw’ F∂ hnj-b-

Øn¬ hnkvXr-X-ambn ssIImcyw sNbvXn- p-≠v).

(3) \ho-I-cW ho£Ww

D -b-k-Ω-X-Øns‚ P\-XXnbn¬s]´ Hcm-fm-sW-∂-

Xns‚ AS-bm-f-am-bn-cp∂ ]cn-t—-Z-\bv°p ]I-c-amWv

kv\m\-sa∂p hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cmWv \ho-I-cW

]kv_n-t‰-dn-b≥ ho£-W-°m¿. A_-lmay k¥-Xn-

bpsS mK-am-bn-cp-∂-h¿ ssii-h-Øn¬ ]cn-tO-Z-\-tb-

ev°p-hm≥ Bh-iy-am-bn-cp-∂-Xp-t]mse inip-°-fm-bn-

cn-°th kv\m\-ta-‰-hcpw Xßƒ k`-bpsS DS-ºSn

kaq-l-Øns‚ mK-am-sW∂p ImWn-°p-I-bm-Wv. inip-

kv\m-\-hpw, amXm-]n-Xm-°fpw ssZhhpw XΩn¬,

Xßƒ B inip-hns\ InkvXob hnizm-k-Øn¬

hf¿Øns°m≈msa∂v, DSºSn sNøn°pIbmWv. Hcp

InkvXob - -h-\-Øns‚ Awin-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ (hn-

izmk DS-º-Sn-bpsS `mK-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬) inip-

kv\m\w ]tbm-P-\-ßƒ A\p-h-Zn-°p-tºmƒX-s∂,

Cu hn`m-K-ß-fn¬ thZ-]-cn-⁄m-\-ap-≈-h¿ \n¿_‘w

]nSn-°p-∂Xv c£-hn-izm-k-Øn¬ amXw A[n-jvTn-X-

am-sW-∂m-Wv. B inip-]m-b-]q¿Øn-bn-te°p hf-c-

th, Ah≥ InkvXp-hn¬ hnizmkw G‰p-]-d-b-W-sa∂

Nn¥m-K-Xn-bmWv C°q-´¿°p-≈-Xv. A√m-Ø-]£w

c£n-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn√.

(4) kv\m\w ths≠∂p ]d-bp-∂-h¿

Nne s]m -Ã‚p-Im¿ kv\m\w \S-Øm-td-bn-√. DZm-

l-c-W-ambn c£m-ssk-\y-°m¿, kv\m\w c£-bpsS

hnj-b-a-√m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v AXns\ A]-[m-\-am-bn-

´mWp ho£n-°p-∂-Xv. ‘tKbvkv tKmkv]¬ s^t√m-

jn∏v’ hn`mK-Øn¬ Dƒs∏´ Nne ss__nƒ k -Ifpw

kv\m\w BN-cn-°p-∂-h-c-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ Ah¿

‘AanX˛bpK hmZn-I-fm-Wv’. As∏m. ]hr. 2- -emWv

k` Bcw- n-®-sX∂v Ah¿°p -tXm-∂p-∂n-√. Nne¿

]d-bp-∂Xv A. -]hr. 9- -em-sW-∂m-Wv. A. -]hr. 13epw

A√; 28- emWv Bcw- n-®-sX∂pw ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. Aan-

X-bp-K-hm-Z-Øns‚ Atß-b-‰-sØ-Xp-ºn¬ FØn-\n-

ev°p-∂-h¿ ]usem-kns‚ Imcm-Kr-l-te-J\ßƒ

amXw ]n≥]-‰p-∂-h-cmWv; AXp-sIm≠v kv\m\w k -

bv°p-th-≠n-bp-≈-Xm-sW∂v hniz-kn-°p-∂n-√.

(5) kv\m\-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ _m]v‰nÃv ho£Ww

ItØm-en-°¿, eqY-d¨; ]kv-_n-t‰-dn-b≥, saY-Un-

Ãv, \ho-I-c-W-k- -Iƒ, BZn-bmbhsc-t∏m-se. _m]v‰n-

Ãp-Im¿ inip-kv\m\w BN-cn-°p-∂-h-c-√. InkvXp-

k- -°msct∏mse kv\m\w c£bv°v A\n-hm-cy-am-

sW∂v _m]v‰n-Ãp-Im¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂n-√. F¶nepw,

InkvXp-hns‚ Iev]-\-Iƒ A\p-k-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v

kv\m\w A\n-hm-cy-amb Hcp A\p-jvTm-\-am-sW-∂v,

_m]v‰nÃp-Im¿ Du∂¬ \¬Ip-∂p.


378

_m]v‰n-Ãp-Im¿ a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xv, t\csØ Xs∂

hniz-kn-®-h¿ thWw kv\m\m¿∞n-Iƒ F∂mWv. CXv

hniz-kn-°m≥ Ign-bmØ inip-°sf Hgn-hm-°p-∂p.

c£-bv°p-tijw \S-°p-∂-Xm-bmWv kv\m\w kw_-

‘n® _m]v‰nÃp ho£-Ww.

ss__nƒ \njv]-£-ambn ]Tn-°p∂ GsXmcp ]Tn-

Xm-hn\pw hy‡-ambn t_m≤y-am-tI≠Xm-Wv, inip-

kv\m-\-sØ-°p-dn®v ss__nƒ Iev]n-°p-Itbm; inip-

kv\m\w \S-∂-Xns‚ ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ ss__nƒ

\¬Ip-Itbm sNøp-∂n√ F∂p-≈-Xv. kv\m\-s∏-Sp-hm-

\p≈ hyh-ÿ-sb-∂-\n-e-bn¬, hnizm-k-Øm-ep≈

c£sb Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-Iƒ GI-cq-t]-W-bmWv ]Zm\w

sNøp-∂-Xv. Hcmƒ kv\m\-s∏- mepw icn, hnizmkw

IqSmsX Abmƒ c£n°s∏´h\√. hnizmkw

Ds≠¶n¬ At±lw kv\m\-s∏- n-s√-¶n¬ IqsS, c£n-

°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.

BI-bm¬ \nßƒ ]pd-s∏´p ]nXm-hn-s‚bpw


kv\m\w Ign-∏n®pw Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp Iev]n-

®Xv Hs°bpw ]am-Wn-∏m≥ X°-hÆw D]-tZ-

in®pw sIm≠p kI-e PmXn-I-sfbpw injycm-

°n-s°mƒhn≥...(a-Ømbn 28:19, 20).

""]sXmkv Ah-tcmSp: \nßƒ am\-km-¥-c-

s∏´p \nß-fpsS ]m]-ßfpsS tamN--\-Øn-\mbn

Hmtcm-cp-Ø≥ tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ \ma-Øn¬

kv\m\w Gev∏n≥. F∂m¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv

F∂ Zm\w e`n-°pw...'' ""Ahs‚ hm°v

ssIs°m-≠-h¿ kv\m\w G‰p. A∂p aqhm-

bn -c -tØmfw t]¿ Ah-tcmS v tN¿∂p''

(A-t∏m. ]h. 2:38, 41).

F∂m¬ ssZh-cm-Py-sØbpw tbip-In-kvXp-

hns‚ \ma-sØbpwIpdn-®p≈ kphn-tijw

Adn-bn-°p∂ nen-t∏m-kns\ Ah¿ hniz-kn-

®-t∏mƒ ]pcp-j-∑mcpw kvXoIfpw kv\m\w

G‰p (A-t∏m. ]h. 8:12).

Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ Gh\pw Ahs‚

\maw aqew ]m]-tam-N\w e`n°pw F∂p kIe

]hm-N-I-∑mcpw km£yw ]d-bp-∂p.'' ""Cu

hm°p-Isf ]sXmkv ]kvXm-hn-°p-tºm¬

Xs∂ hN\w tI´ F√m-h-cp-sS-taepw ]cn-ip-

≤m-flmhp h∂p. \sΩ-t∏mse ]cn-ip-≤m-

flmhp e`n® Chsc kv\m\w Ign-∏n-®p-Iq-Sm-

sX-hÆw sh≈w hne°phm≥ B¿°p

Ignbpw F∂p ]d-™p. ]sXmkv Ahsc tb

ip-In-kvXp-hns‚ \ma-Øn¬ kv\m\w Ign-

∏n∏m≥ Iev∏n®p (A-t∏m. ]h. 10:43˛44; 47˛48).

ss__nƒ ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv hnizmknIƒ amXamWv

]cnip≤mflkv\m\w ]m]n°p∂Xv F∂mWv.

(tbml-∂m≥ 7: 37- 39; tdma. 8:9). At∏m. ]h. 10˛se

C°q´¿, ]sXmkv ]kwKn® kphntijktµiw

hnizmkn®p; AXpsIm≠v ]cnip≤mflmhns\ ]m]n

®p. Ah¿ hnizkn® tijw Pekv\m\Øn\v

tbmKycmb kv\m\m¿∞nIfmbn F∂Xv ]tXyIw

i≤n®mepw.

Xpb-ssØcm ] -W-°m-cn-Ønbpw c‡mw-_cw

hn¬°p-∂-h-fp-ambn epZnb F∂p t]cp≈

ssZh- -‡-bm-sbmcp kvXo tI´p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p.

]utemkv kwkm-cn-®Xv i≤n-t°-≠-Xn\p

I¿Ømhp Ah-fpsS lrZbw Xpd∂p. Ah

fpw IpSpw-_hpw kv\m\w G‰-tijw \nßƒ

Fs∂ I¿Øm-hn¬ hnizkvX F∂p FÆn-bn-

cn-°p-∂p-sh¶n¬ Fs‚ hoń¬ h∂p]m¿∏n≥

F∂p At]-£n®p Rßsf \n¿_-‘n®p

(At∏m. ]h. 16:14˛15).

Ahsc ]pd-Øp-sIm-≠p-h∂p: bP-am-\-∑msc

c£-]m-]n-∏m≥ Rm≥ F¥p sNtøWw F∂p

tNmZn®p. I¿Øm-hmb tbip-hn¬ hniz-

kn° F∂m¬ \obpw \ns‚ IpSpw-_hpw c£-

]m-]n°pw F∂p ]d-™p. ]ns∂ Ah¿

I¿Øm-hns‚ hN\w Ah-t\mSpw Ahs‚ hoń-

ep≈ F√m-h-tcmSpw ]kw-Kn-®p. Ah≥ cmXn-

bn-¬ B \mgn-I-bn¬ Xs∂ Ahsc Iqń-s°m-

≠p-t]m-bn Ah-cpsS apdn-hp-Isf IgpIn.

Xm\pw X\n-°p-≈-h-sc-√m-hcpw Xma-kn-bmsX

kv\m\w G‰p (A-t∏m. ]h. 16:30˛34).

]≈n-]-am-Wn-bmb Inkvs]mkv Xs‚ kIe

IpSpw-_-tØmSpw IqsS I¿Øm-hn¬ hniz-

kn®p. sImcn-¥y-cn¬ At\-I¿ hN\w tI´p

hniz-kn®p kv\m\w G‰p (A-t∏m. ]h. 18:8).

ss__nƒ ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv, c£bv°ptijw \S°p∂

kv\m\amb hnizmknIfpsS kv\m\amWv. c£bnte

°p≈ kw`mh\bmbn´√. hnizmkn°phm≥ aXnbmb

]mbap≈hscbmWp kv\m\s∏SptØ≠Xv. inip-

kv\m\w sXfn-bn-°p-hm≥ Fgp-Xnb `mKØv Xmsg-∏-

d-bp∂ D≤-cWn Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv hntcm-[m-

`m-k-ambn ImWmw. ChnsS bYm-ÿnXnI \ho-I-c-

W-ssZ-h-im-kvX-]WvUn-X\pw Im¬hn≥ skan-\m-cn-

bpsS A≤y-£\pw A≤ym-]-I-\p-am-bn-cp∂ eqbnkv

_¿t°m- ns‚ hm°p-IfmWv D≤-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

""Bcw- -Øn¬Xs∂ ]d-bs´ ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬ hy‡-

amb bmsXmcp Iev]-\bpw inip-°sf kv\m\-s∏-Sp


379

Øp-∂-Xn-\mbn C√. AXp-t]mse inip-°sf kv\m\-

s∏-Sp-Øn-sb∂v hy‡-am-bn -\-tΩmSp ]d-bp∂ H‰

kw`hw t]mepw C√. ]t£, inip-kv\m-\sØ CXv

Hcp thZ-hn-]-co-X-am°n am‰p-∂n-√'' 3

""inip-°sf kv\m\-s∏-Sp-Ø-W-sa∂p ssZh-h-N-\-

Øn¬ hy‡amb bmsXmcp Iev]-\-bp-an-√. CXv

]q¿Æ-ambpw kXy-amWv, F∂m¬ CXv inip-kv\m-\-

Øns‚ hnizm-kyX C√m-sX-bm-°p-∂n-√.'' 4

"".....]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ inip-kv\m-\-Øns‚ bmsXmcp

DZm-l-c-Whpw ImWp-∂n-√. inip-°sf kv\m\-s∏-Sp-

Øp-∂-Xmbn ss__nƒ kv]jvS-ambn ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂n-

s√-∂p-f-fXv ]q¿Æ-ambpw kXy-amWv.....'' 5

b. kv\m\-Øns‚ A¿∞w.

(1) InkvXp-hns‚ Iev]-\-tbmSv A\p-k-c-W-ap-≈-bm-

fm-bn-cn-°p-hm≥ ]pXnb hnizmkn BK-ln-°p∂p

sh∂mWv kv\m\w Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂-Xv. ‘bpKmhkm-

\-tØmfw’ (temImh-km-\-tØm-fw) ]am-W-am-bn-cn-

∏m≥ InkvXp -]-Xo-£n® Hcp A\p-jvTm\w AtX-

]Sn \n¿∆-ln-°p-hm-\p≈ k -bpsS A\p-k-c-Whpw

CXp Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂p (a-Øm. 28:20).

BI-bm¬ \nßƒ ]pd-s∏´p ]nXm-hn-s‚bpw


kv\m\w Ign-∏n®pw Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp Iev∏n-

®-sXm-s°bpw ]am-Wn-∏m≥ X°-hÆw D]-tZ-

in®pw sIm≠v kIe PmXn-I-sfbpw injy-∑m-

cm-°n-s°mƒhn≥. Rmt\m temIm-h-km-\-

tØmfw F√m-\mfpw \nß-tfmSp IqsS D≠v

F∂v Acp-fn-sNbvXp (a-Ømbn 28:19˛20).

(2) InkvXp-hns‚ ac-Ww, AS°w, ]p\-cp-∞m\w

Ch-bn¬ Hcp ]¶m-fn-bm-Ip-∂-Xn-s\-bmWv Pe-kv\m\w

kmZr-iy-am-°p-∂-Xv. Pe-kv\m-\-tØ-°mƒ ]m[m-\y-

ap-≈Xpw Pe-kv\m\w kmZr-iy-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xp-amb

Bfl-kv\m-\-sØ-bmWv tdma. 6:3˛4 hsc kqNn-∏n-°p-

∂-sX∂p Icp-Xm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. tdma¿ 6:3˛4 hsc ]d-

bp∂ kv\m\w hnizm-k-Øm¬ e`n-°p∂ Bfl-kv\m-

\-am-bn-s´-Sp-°mtam AtXm Ie¿∏n-√mØ hnizm-

ksØ B[m-c-am°nbp≈ Pe-kv\m-\-am-bn-´mtWm

IW-°m-°m-hp-∂Xv F∂Xv Imcy-ambn KWn-°m-Xn-

cp-∂mepw Cu thZ- mKw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv kv\m\w

InkvXp-hns‚ acW, AS-°, ]p\-cp-∞m-\-ß-fn-ep≈

]¶m-fn-ØsØ NnXo-I-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv, apgp-I¬

coXn-bmWv icn-bmb kv\m\-hn[w F∂ `mKØv Cu

hnjbw ho≠pw Nn¥n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

(3 )Pe-kv\m\w IqSp-X¬ ][m-\-s∏´ Bfl-kv\m-

\sØ kmZrioIcn°p-∂p. tbml-∂ms‚ kv\m\w

InkvXob Pe-kv\m-\-Øn¬ \n∂pw hn`n-∂-am-sW-

¶nepw (Im-WpI At∏m. ]h. 19:3˛5) tbml-∂m≥

kv\m]-Is‚ ]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ Bflkv\m\w,

Pekv\m\tØ°mƒ hfscb[nIw ][m\amsW∂p

Nq≠n°mWn°phm≥ D]tbmKn°mhp∂XmWv(a-Øm

bn 3:11; a¿t°m-kv 1:8; eqt°m. 3:16; tbml. 1:33; At∏m.

1:5; 11:16).

G‰hpw ][m-\-s∏´ Bfl-kv\m-\hpw AXn-s\-°mƒ

]m[m-\yw Ipd™ Pekv\m-\hpw XΩn¬Nne _‘-

ß-fp-≠v, ImcWw Fs^. 4:5 ¬""kv\m\w H∂v'' F∂p

]d™ncn°p∂p. amX-a√ At∏m. ]h. 10:47˛¬

Bfl-kv\m\w Pe-kv\m-\-Øn-\p≈ tbmKy-X-bmbn

]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. Bfl-kv\m-\-amtWm Pe-kv\m-\-

amtWm F∂ Imcy-Øn¬ Nne thZ- m-K-ßsf°pdn®v

thZ-]-WvUn-X-∑m-cpsS CS-bn¬ X¿°-ap≠v. DZm. tdma.

6:3˛4; Kem. 3:27; sImsem. 2:12. Pe-kv\m\w IqSp-X¬

][m-\-s∏´ Bfl-kv\m-\sØ NnXo-I-cn-°p-∂p.

kXy-Øn¬ Cu hnjbw ap≥]p-]-d-™n-cn-°p∂ hnj-

b-tØmSp tN¿∂v Aev]w Ib-dn-°n-S-°p-I-bm-Wv,

F∂m¬ AXn\pw A∏p-dtØ°p hn]p-e-am-bn-cn-°p-

∂p. 1 sIm-cn. 12:13 A\p-k-cn®v hnizm-kn-Iƒ InkvXp-

hns‚ Bflm-hn¬ kv\m\-s∏- n-cn-°p-I-bmWv (ap-ßn-

bn-cn-°p∂p; ad-b-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p, AYhm Bflmhv

Ah¿°p aotX \nd™p Ihns™m-gp-In-bn-cn-°p-∂p).

InkvXp-hns‚ Bflm-hn¬ Bbn-cn -°pI F∂

ÿm\w Hcp hnizm-knsb InkvXp-hn-t\m-Sv, hnti-jn®v

Ahn-SpsØ ac-W, AS-°, ]p\-cp-∞-\m-ß-fpsS

]tbm-P-\-ßƒ(\-∑-Iƒ) ]¶p-sh-bv°p∂ aWvU-e-

Øn¬ _‘n-∏n-°p∂p AYhm tbmPn-∏n-°p-∂p. C]-

Imcw Pe-kv\m\w Bfl-kv\m-\sØ kmZr-io-I-cn-

°p∂p AYhm AXns‚ ]Xn-cq-]-am-sW-∂p -]-d-bp-

tºmƒ apºp-]-d™ InkvXphns‚ acW AS° ]p\-

cp-∞m-\-ß-fn¬ ]¶m-fn-bm-Ip∂ kmZr-iyhpw ]Xn-cq-

]-hpw) Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p. F¶nepw Bfl-kv\m-\sØ NnXo-

I-cn-°p-∂-Xmb Cu kmZriyw IqSp-X¬ kXy-ßƒ

Dƒs°m≈p-∂-Xm-Wv. Bfl-kv\m\w Hcp hnizm-knsb

InkvXp-hn-t\mSpw H∂n-∏n-°p-∂p. InkvXp-hns‚ ico-

c-Ønse as‰√m hnizm-kn-I-tfmSpw CXv Hcp hnizm-

knsb tbmPn-∏n-°p-∂p. C]-Im-cw, Pe-kv\m-\w

InkvXp-hns‚ acW AS° ]p\-cp-∞m-\-ß-tfm-Sp≈

GIo-`mhw kmZr-io-I-cn-°p-Ibpw B hy‡nsb


3 Louis Berkhof, Systamatic Theology (Grand Rapids: Wm. B.Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1939) p. 632.

4 Ibid., 636

5 Ibid., 637

380

Bflm-hn¬ B°n k -tbmSp tbmPn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p-

sh∂p- Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-°bpw sNøp-∂p.

(4) Pe kv\m\w k -tbm-Sp≈ ]c-ky-amb GIo-

`m-h-amWv

Hcp hnizm-knsb km¿∆-XnIk -tbmSv H∂n-∏n-°p∂

Bfl-kv\m-\-sØ, Pe-kv\m\w kmZr-io-I-cn-°p-∂-Xp-

t]m-se, Zriy-amb k -tbmSpw Hcp hnizm-knsb Pe-

kv\m\w ]c-ky-ambn GIo-`-hn-∏n-°p-∂p. AssI-

kvXh -a-X-ßƒ°v taevt°m-bva-bp≈ At\-I -kw-

kvIm-c-ß-fn¬ hymP-a-X-tØm-Sp≈ A¥n-a-th¿]m-Sn-

s‚bpw kXy-k- -tbm-Sp≈ tbmPn-∏n-s‚bpw AS-bm-f-

amWp kv\m\w. A. -]hr. 2:41˛se “tNcpI” F∂

Bibw k -tbmSp tNcp-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®mWp ]d-bp-

∂Xv F∂p FSp-Øp-]-d-tb-≠-Xn-√-t√m.

Ahs‚ hm°p ssIs°m-≠-h¿ kv\m\w G‰p

A∂p aqhm-bn-c-tØmfw t]¿ Ah-tcmSp

tN¿∂p (A-t∏m. 2:41).

(5) kwKlw

kv\m\w I¿Øm-hns‚ acWw, AS-°w, ]p\-cp-∞m\w

Ch-bpsS ]¶p-Im-cmbn Xocp-∂-Xn-s\-bmWv ImWn-°p-

∂-Xv. InkvXp-hns‚ Poh-\nse ]¶m-fnØw InkvXp-

hn≥ Bflm-hn-te-°p≈ Bfl-kv\m-\-Øn-eq-sS-bmWp

hcp-∂-Xv. C]-Imcw Pe-kv\m\w Bfl-kv\m-\-sØ

bpw BtKm-f-k- -bp-am-bp≈ sFIy-sØbpw NnXo-I-

cn-°p-I-bp-am-Wv. kv\m\-Øn\p hnt[-b-s∏-Sp∂ Hcmƒ

InkvXp-hns‚ Iev]-\-tbm-Sp≈ A\p-k-c-Whpw Zriy-

k- -tbmSv GIo- -hn-°p-∂-Xn-s\bpw ]Z¿in-∏n-°p-∂p.

InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizmkw apJm-¥cw e`n-°p∂

kmZr-iy-s∏-Sp-Øp∂psh∂p Nn¥n-°p-∂Xpw \ymb-bp-

‡-am-sW∂p tXm∂p-∂p. (A.-]. 2:38 ImWpI;

‘Bb)’˛ (for) F∂v AhnsS ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v

AXp-\n-anØw AYhm AXp-sIm≠v F∂m-W¿∞w.

A. -]hr. 22:16˛Dw CtX A¿∞w tZymXn-∏n-°p-∂p≠v).

c. kv\m\-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ coXn

hnhn[ kap-Zm-b-ßƒ hnhn[ Xc-Øn-emWv kv\m\-

s∏-Sp-Ømdp≈-Xv. apgp-I¬ kv\m\w, Hgn-°pI, Xfn-

°p-I, XpS-ßn-b-h-bm-Wv. Nne kap-Zm-b-ßƒ XßfpsS

kap-Zm-b-]m-c-º-cy-a-\p-kcn®v Xfn-°ptbm Hgn-°p-Itbm

sNøp-∂p. ]pXn-b-\n-ba amXrI ]Imcw ImWp-∂Xv

apgp-I¬ kv\m\-am-Wv.

(1) ]pcm-X\ Ko°p`mjbpw _m]vt‰m/ _m]v‰ntkm

F∂ hm°p-Ifpw

Ko°p]Zßiv kw_‘n® ]mamWnItcJIƒ;

_m]vt‰m; _m]v‰ntkm F∂o ]ZßfpsS \n¿∆N\w

\¬Ip∂Xv; Ko°phyhlmc mjbn¬ 6 D]tbmKn®n

cn°p∂Xpt]mse, ap°pI, apgpIpI, apßpI, HgpIpI;

I∏¬t®Xw A\p`hn°pI, BgvØpI F∂nß

s\bmWv. πq´m¿°v; _m]v‰ntkm F∂ hm°v D]tbm

Kn®n´p≠v; AeIvkm≠dpsS ssk\yw Bchw apg°n

]bmWw sNøptºmƒ; ]mXtbmcØpsh®v henb

`cWnIfn¬\n∂pw I∏pIƒ ap°n(A£cm¿∞

Øn¬ kv\m\s∏SpØn) ho™v, ]mXßfn¬ ]Icp

Ibpw; ]ckv]cw IpSn°pIbpw sNøp∂Xns\∏‰n

hnhcn°ptºmgmWv At±lw Cu ]Zw D]tbmKn°p

∂Xv. 7 ZpjvS\mb sltcmZm cmPmhv, alm]ptcmlnX

\mb AcntÃm_ptemkns\ ap°p∂Xv kv\m\s∏Sp

Øp∂Xv sPmko^kv FgpXp∂p≠v. Abmƒ At±

lsØ ap°ns°m∂p! 8

sltdmtUm´kv, _m]v‰ntkm F∂ ]Zw D]tbmKn

°p∂p≠v. At±lw ]dbp∂Xv:˛ Hcp CuPn]v‰pIm

c≥ IS∂pt]mIptºmƒ Xs‚ hkvXw Hcp ]∂nsb

ap´nbm¬''At±lw \Znbn¬ t]mIpIbpw Xs∂Øm

≥ AXn¬ apßpIbpw sNøp∂p''9 F∂mWv.

(2) sk]v‰phPn‚pw; _m]vt‰m/ _m]v‰ntkm F∂o

hm°pIfpw

_m]v‰ntkm F∂ hm°v sk]v‰phPn‚n¬, samØ

Øn¬ ]Xn\mdp ]mhiyw D]tbmKn°p∂p≠v. ][m

\s∏´ thZ`mKßƒ Xmsgs∏dbp∂hbmWv:˛

]pd. 12:22 Cutkm∏v sNSn-bpsS Hcp sI v FSpØv

InÆ-Ønep≈ c‡-Øn¬ ap°n InÆ-Øn-ep≈

c‡w Ipdp-º-Sn -taepw I´-f-°m¬ c≠n-t∑epw

tXt°Ww.

tehy. 4:6, 17; 9:9; 14:16 tehy-]p-kvX-I-Ønse Cu

thZ- m-K-ßƒ Hcp ]ptcm-ln-X≥ Xs‚ hnc¬ c‡-

Øntem FÆ-bntem ap°p-∂-Xns\ ImWn-°p-∂p.

kwJy. 19:18 ]ns∂ ip≤nbp≈ HcpØ≥ Cutkm∏v

FSpØv sh≈Øn¬ap°n IqSmcsØbpw kIe

]mXßsfbpw AhnsS D≠mbncp∂ BfpIsfbpw


6 Albrecht Oepke, “Bapto” in Thelogical Dictionary of the NewTestament, edited by Gerhard Kittel, translated by GeofferyBromiley(Grand Rapids: Wm B. Eerdmans Publishing, 1964),1:526-30.7 Augustus H. Strong, Systematic Theology(Old Tappan, NJ:Fleming H. Revell Co., 1907), p. 934.8 Josephs Josephus Complete works, translated by WilliamWhiston. reprinted. (Grand Rapids. Kregal Publications, 1960),p. 317. (Antiquities 15:3:3).9 Herodotous, The Histories, translated by Aubrey De seliciurt,revised (Middlesex, England: Pneguin Books, 1982), p. 148.(Histories 2:47).

381

...Xfnt°Ww˛km[mcWbmbn c‡Ønte°p ""ap°p

∂Xpw AXn\ptijw bml]oTØnt∑tem ""Xfnbv

°pItbm'' ""Hgnbv°pItbm'' sNøp∂Xpw XΩn¬

]et∏mgpw hyXymkØnemWv ]d™ncn°p∂Xv.

tbmiph 3:15 s]Íw Npa∂ ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-cpsS Im¬

sh≈-Øns‚ h°Øp apßn-b-t∏mƒ ta¬ sh≈-

Øns‚ Hgp°p \n∂p.

cqØv 2:14˛IjWw Nmdn¬ ap°n-s°mƒhm≥

t_mhkv cqØns\ £Wn-°p-∂p.

1 iap. 14:27 tbm\m-Ym≥ hSn-bpsS A‰w \oń Hcp

tX≥I- -bn¬ IpØn(dipped into the honey) AXp

FSpØp Xs‚ ssI hmbn-te°p sIm≠p-t]m-bn.

2 cmPm. 8:15 Cu hmIyØn¬, tcmKnbmb Hcp cmPmhn

s\, Hcp Zmk≥, sh≈Øn¬ ap°nb Iºnfn apJ

Øn´p sIm√p∂p.

]otUm˛_m]v‰nÃpImc≥(Hgnt®m Xfnt®m inip°

sf kv\m\s∏SpØp∂h¿) _m]vt‰m F∂ hm°v

""Xfn°pI'' F∂ A¿∞w hcmw F∂Xns‚ sXfn

hmbn Zm\n. 4:33˛Dw(sk]v‰phPn‚ v 30) Zm\n. 5:21˛Dw

Nq≠n°mWn°p∂p. Cu hmIyßƒ ]dbp∂Xv,

s\_pJZvt\k¿ cmPmhv, Xs‚ NnØàØns‚

ImeØv BImiØnse a™psIm≠p ""\\™p''

(drenched) F∂mWv. a™n\m¬ Ah≥ Xfnbv°

s∏´p F∂p Nn¥n°p∂Xp DNnXamImw.

F∂ncp∂mepw \\bs∏´p F∂ Bibw êØn¬

apgpIs∏´p F∂p Xs∂bmWv; CXv B ]›mØe

Øn\v G‰hpw A\ptbmPyambncn°p∂p.

_v]v‰ntkm sk]v‰yq-P‚n¬ 2 ]mhiyw hcp-∂p. sbi-

ømhv 21:4 Hcp Be-¶m-cnI ]tbm-KnIamWv:˛ ""òXn

Fs∂ àn-∏n-®n-cn-°p∂p.'' 2 cmPm. 5:14˛mw hmIyw

_m]v‰ntkm F∂Xns‚ \n¿∆N\Øn\v G‰hpw

]k‡amWv. Geoi \b-am-t\mSp tbm¿±m-\n¬ Ggv

]mhiyw apßp-hm≥ (_m-]v‰n-tkm) ]d-bp-∂p.

At∏mƒ Ah≥ sN∂p ssZh-]p-cp-js‚ hN-

\-]-Imcw Ggp-]m-hiyw apßn ( 2 cmPm. 5:14).

(3) _m]vt‰m, _m]v‰ntkm ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬

_m]vt‰m F∂ ]Zw ]pXnb\nbaØn¬ \mep

]mhiyw hcp∂p≠v. F√m thZ`mKßfnepw

""ap°pI'' As√¶n¬ ""apgpIpI'' F∂Xns‚ A¿∞w

G‰hpw \∂mbn tbmPn°p∂p.

A_lmw ]nXmth Ft∂mSp I\n-hp-≠m-tI-

Wsa emk¿ hnc-ens‚ A‰w sh≈-Øn¬

ap°n Fs‚ \mhns\ XWp-∏n-t°-≠-Xn\p

Ahs\ Ab-bvt°-Wsa. Rm≥ Cu Pzme-bn¬

InS-∂p thZ\ A\p- -hn-°p∂p F∂p hnfn®p

]d™p (eq-t°m. 16:24).

Rm≥ A∏-JWvUw ap°ns°mSp-°p-∂-h≥

Xt∂ F∂p DØcw ]d™p. JWvUw ap°n

iotam≥ Cukv°-tcym-Øm-hns‚ aI-\mb

bqZbv°p sImSpØp(tbm-l-∂m≥ 13:26).

Ah≥ c‡w Xfn®(_m]vt‰m) DSp∏v [cn-®n-

cn-°p∂p (sh-fn. 19:13)˛c‡Øn¬ ap°nb DSp∏v

F∂XmWp icnbmb A¿∞w.

inip°sf kv\m\s∏SpØp∂h¿, InkvXphns‚

DSp∏v c‡wsIm≠p ""Xfn®''XmsW∂v(sprinkled)shfn. 19:13 kqNn∏n°p∂psh∂v Dd∏nt®°mw. F∂p

hcnInepw ""apßpI'' As√¶n¬ ""BgvØpI'' F∂nh

bpsS ÿm]nXm¿∞ßfn¬ \n∂pw(AwKoIrXmib

ßfn¬ \n∂pw) am‰w hcpØphm≥ AJWvUamb

bmsXmcp ImcWhpan√.

_m]vt‰m C\Øn¬s∏´ ]Zmhenbv°v ""Hgn°pI''

AYhm ""Xfnbv°pI'' F∂ A¿∞amsW∂v

Nnesc¶nepw Nn¥n°p∂p≠v. Aßs\bp≈

thZ`mKßfpw FSpØp]dtb≠XmWv. a¿t°m. 7:4;

eqt°m. 11:38; F_m. 6:2; 9:10 F∂o thZ- m-K-ß-fn¬

kv\m\-tØmSp _‘-s∏´ hm°p-Iƒ BNm-c-]-c-amb

IgpIepIƒ kqNn∏n°p∂Xmbn D]tbmKn®n

cn°p∂p. kv\m\tØmSp _‘s∏´ Cu aqe]Zßƒ

D]tbmKn®ncn°p∂Xv, ""Xfn°pI'' AYhm ""Hgn°pI''

F∂ A¿∞ØnemsW∂v Nne¿ AhImis∏Sp ∂p.

CXn\p km≤yXbp≠v; F∂m¬ ""apgpIpI'' F∂

A¿∞hpw Htct]mse ]_eamWv. a¿s°m. 7:4,

es°m. 11:38 F∂o thZ`mKßfn¬ `£WØn\p

apºp IgpIp∂Xmb ]coi]mcºcysØ°pdn®pWp

]dbp∂Xv. HcmfpsS ssIIƒ°p aotX sh≈w

Hgn®psImSp°p∂Xns\ CXp kqNn∏nt®°mw;

F∂m¬ ssIIƒ sh≈Øn¬ ap°p∂Xnt\bpw

As√¶n¬ ]q¿Æambpw Ipfn°p∂Xns\bpw CXp

kqNn∏n°p∂p F∂p hcmw. CtX Imcyw a¿s°m.

7:4˛epw ]k‡amWv. ]m\]mXw, `cWn, sNºv

F∂nh IgpIp∂Xns\°pdn®mWv AhnsSbpw

kqNn∏n°p∂Xv. ASp°f∏mXßƒ sh≈Øn¬

ap°n hrØnbm°mat√m. AXpsIm≠v, kv\m\w

A¿∞am°p∂Xv apgpI¬ A√ F∂pw as‰t¥m

BsW∂pap≈ hmZØn\v Cu hmIyßƒ

ipjvIamb Hcp ]n¥pWtb \¬Ip∂p≈q.

_m]vt‰m/_m]v‰ntkm F∂o hm°pIfpsS ]T\w

Nq≠n°m´p∂Xv, H∂pIn¬ Hmtcm ]›mØeØnepw,

êØn¬, km≤yamb A¿∞w As√¶n¬


382

A\nhmcyamb A¿∞w apgpI¬ BWv F∂tX.

Hgn°pI; Xfn°pI F∂nh Nne `mKØp tbmPnt®

°msa¶nepw ap°pI AYhm BgvØpI F∂Xv

XØpeyambn tNcp∂ A¿∞amWv. kv\m\w F∂

]Zw sIm≠v ss__nƒ A¿∞am°p∂Xv apgpI¬

BsW∂Xn\v sX√pw kwibw th≠.

(4) kmZriym¿∞w apgp-Ien\v A\p-Iq-e-amb \ymb

hmZw

InkvXphns‚ acW AS° ]p\cp∞m\ßtfmSp≈

GIo`mhw NnXoIcn°p∂Xmbncn°Ww kv\m\w

F∂mWv tdma. 6:3˛4 ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv. Cu kmZriy

tØmSp \∂mbn tbmPn°p∂Xv apgpIemWv. t\sc

adn®v, Hgn°p∂tXm Xfn°p∂tXm Hcp XcØnepw

tbmPn°p∂n√.

]pcmX\ blqZ∑m¿ aÆn\Snbne√.; ""hgntbmcßfn

se'' KplIfnemWv arXicocw adhp sNbvXncp∂sX∂v;

XS ap∂bn°p∂h¿ ]t£, ]dbpambncn°pw. AXv

icnbpamWv F∂p hcnInepw sh≈Øn∂Sbn te°v

t]mIp∂Xv acWØn¶se tZl`mhsØ A[nIw

sa®ambn kmZris∏SpØp∂p. sh≈Øn¬ \n∂pw

]pdtØ°p hcp∂XmIs´, Pohs‚ ]pXp° Øn¬

Dbn¿sØgpt∂¬°p∂ Ahÿsb FXbpw

sa®ambn kmZriys∏SpØpIbmWv.

(5) ]Zßƒ XΩnep≈ _‘w kqNn∏n°p∂

]Xybßƒ \na÷\Øn\p sXfnhv

Nne-t∏mƒ Ko°p hn`‡n ]Xybßƒ°v hnkrXam

b A¿∞eßfmWp≈Xv. Adnb ]¶v ]›mØeß

fnepw Ahbv°v ]et∏mgpw s]mXphmb Hcp A¿∞

amWp≈Xv. AtXmsSm∏w Hcp \n›nX ]›mØetam

D]tZikXytam Bhiys∏Sptºmƒ Dt±in°s∏´n

cn°p∂ c≠mwXcw A¿∞ßfpw D≠v. kv\m\kw

_‘nbmb hnhcWßfn¬ D]tbmKn®ncn°p∂

hn`‡n]Xybßƒ AYhm D]k¿§ßƒ Nq≠n°m

Wn°p∂Xv kv\m\w \na÷\ambncps∂∂mWv.

kv\m\w Xfnt®m Hgnt®m Bbncp∂psh∂Xn\v

i‡amb sXfnhp≠mbncps∂¶n¬, Nnet∏mƒ

hn`‡yw]k¿§ßƒ c≠mXcw A¿∞w \¬Ipambn

cp∂p. F∂m¬ Hgn°p∂Xnt\m Xfn°p∂Xnt\m

i‡amb sXfnhp \ne\n¬°p∂n√. AXpsIm≠v

apgpI¬ A√msX kv\m\hnhcWßƒ H∂pw Xs∂

as‰mc¿∞hpw kqNn∏n°p∂Xmbn \mw FSp°phm≥

]mSn√; FSpt°≠ Bhiyan√.

sh≈Øn¬ AYhm tbm¿±m≥ \Zn-bn¬ Ign∏n®Xm

bn´p ]dbp∂ At\I thZ`mKßfp≠v (a-Øm. 3:6;

a¿t°m 1:5, 9; tbml. 1:26; 31, 33). Hcp \Znbnse

kv\m\w apgpIens\bmWv A\pIqen°pI! hmkvX

hØn¬ hfsc sh≈ap≈ Hcp mKamWv tbml∂m≥

kv\m]I≥ Xs‚ ]hrØnbv°mbn sXcs™Sp

ØXv(tbml-∂m≥ 3:23 t\m°pI).

]pXnb\nbaw shfns∏SpØp∂ kv\m\coXn \na

÷\amsW∂v Xmsg∏dbp∂ thZ`mKßƒ

i‡ambn ]n¥mßp∂p.

tbip kv\m\w G‰ DSs\ sh≈-Øn¬ \n∂p

Ibdn (a-Ømbn 3:16).

Aßs\ Ah≥ tX¿ \n¿Øp-hm≥ Iev]n®p.

^nen-t∏mkpw jWvU\pw Ccp-hcpw sh≈-

Øn¬ Cdßn Ah≥ Ahs\ kv\m\w Ign-

∏n-®p. Ah¿ sh≈-Øn¬ \n∂p Ib-dn-b-

DSs\ I¿Øm-hns‚ Bflmhv nen-t∏m-kns\

FSpØpsIm≠p-t]mbn (A-t∏m. ]h. 8:38˛39).

kv\m\w \na÷\w AYhm apgpIembncp∂psh∂p

a\ nem°pIbmWv; kv\m\sØ°pdn®p hnhcn°p

∂ Cu thZ`mKßsf√mw hymJym\n°p∂Xn\p≈

km[mcWam¿§w. _m]vt‰m _m]v‰ntkm F∂o ]Z

ßfpsS ]T\hpw, acW]p\cp∞m\ßfpsS kmZriy

hpw AXpt]mseXs∂ kv\m\sØ°pdn®p≈ hnhc

Wßfnse hn`‡yw]k¿§ßfpsa√mw Dd∏n°p

∂Xv apgpIemWv ss__nƒ shfns∏SpØp∂

kv\m\coXn F∂mWv. k`mNcnXØn\v ss__nfn

s\ At]£n®v c≠mw kv\m\tabp≈p, F∂m¬

AXv klmbIcamImw.

(6) k`m Ncn-Xhpw apgpI¬ kv\m\hpw

]tXyI AhÿIfn¬ BZnak` a‰p coXnIfn

ep≈ kv\m\w A\phZn®sh∂ncns°; kv\m\s∏Sp

Øphm\p≈ ]Yahpw tbmKyhpamb hn[w apgpIem

sW∂Xn¬ bmsXmcp X¿°hpan√ Xs∂. sh≈w

Hgn®p kv\m\s∏SpØp∂Xn\p≈ A\paXn UnUm

t° \¬Ip∂p≠v(F.-Un. 120). F∂m¬ apgpIen\p≈

apJm¥cßƒ e`yamIptºmsg√mw AXp \n¿_‘

am°nbn´p≠v:˛

""kv\m\-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ \nßƒ kv\m\-s∏-

Sp-tºmƒ BZyw CXn-s\-°p-dn®v ]d-™Xv A\p-k-

cn®v ]nXm-hn-s‚bpw ]pX-s‚bpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-

s‚bpw \maØn¬ Hgp-In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ sh≈-

Øn¬ thWw kv\m\w \S-Øp-hm≥. \nß-fpsS kao-

]Øv Hgp-Ip∂ Pe-an-s√-¶n¬, a‰p sh≈-Øn¬

kv\m\-s∏-Sp-ØpI \nßƒ XWpØ Pew D]-tbm-Kn-

°p-∂n-s√-¶n¬ NqSp-sh≈w D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I. F∂m¬

CXv c≠p-an-s√-¶n¬ ]nXm-hn-s‚bpw ]pX-s‚bpw ]cn-


383

ip-≤m-flm-hns‚bpw \ma-Øn¬ 3 ]mhiyw sh≈w

Xe-bn-sem-gn-°p-I. 10

sKbvkv _Z-d¨ aq∂p -]m-hiyw ap°n-bmWv

kv\m\w \¬Ip-∂Xv. Xmsg-°m-Wp∂ D≤-c-Wn-bn¬

\n∂p aq∂p -]m-hiyw ap°p-∂-Xn\p hfsc ]g-°-ta-

dnb ]mc-º-cy-ap-≠v. I¿Øm-hns‚ Iev]-\-bmb Hcp

]mhiyw ap°pI F∂p-≈-Xns\°mƒ A∏p-d-tØ°p

t]mIp∂ ck-I-c-amb coXn-bmWv CXv F∂v hfsc

hy‡-am-Wv. F.-Un. 145˛220˛¬ Pohn-®n-cp∂ sX¬ Øp-

ey≥ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv:

""kv\m\-Øn-te°v \mw Cd-ßp-∂-Xn\v sXm´p-apºv P\-

Øns‚ apºn¬ aq∏-∑m-cpsS ssI°ogn¬ \mw `b- -

‡n-tbmsS ]d-bp∂p ]nim-Nn-s\bpw Ahs‚ F√m

tamSn-I-sfbpw ZqX-∑m-scbpw Dt]-£n-°p∂p F∂v.

AXn-\p-tijw \mw aq∂p-]m-hiyw apßn I¿Ømhp

kphn -ti-j-Øn¬ ]d-™n-cn -°p-∂-Xn -s\-°mƒ

GXm≠v A[nIw hn]p-e-amb Hcp ]Xn⁄ FSp-

°p-∂p''.11

d. Pe-kv\m\w kw_‘n®p≈ D]kwlmcNn¥Iƒ

(Pekv\m\sØ°pdn®p≈ kam]\°pdn∏pIƒ)

hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v amX-amWv kv\m\w. AXp-sIm≠v

hnizmkw ]ckyambn G‰p]dbphm≥ aXnbmb ]mb

ap≈h¿ amXamWv A\ptbmPycmb kv\m\m¿∞n

Iƒ. Cu A\pjvTm\w c£tbmSv bmsXm∂pw Iq´n-

t®¿°p-∂n√ kv\m\w aqew InkvXp-hns‚ acWw

AS°w, ]p\-cp-∞m-\w, Ch-tbmSp GIo- -hn-®-Xns\

ImWn-°p-∂p, Bfl-kv\m-\-Øn-eqsS InkvXp-hn-

t\mSpw k -tbmSpw tN¿∂-Xn-s\bpw NnXo-I-cn-°p-∂p.

Zriyk`tbmSv ]ckyambn Hcmƒ GIo`hn°p∂p;

InkvXphns‚ Iev]\ItfmSp≈ A\pkcWw

]Z¿in∏n°p∂p; amXa√; InkvXphn¬ \n∂v

Iev]\- A\p-k-cn-°p-∂Xv ]c-ky-ambn ImWn-°p-∂p.

InkvXp-hn¬ \n∂p hnizm-kn°p e`n-®n-cn-°p∂ ip≤o-

I-c-W-sØbpw CXv shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. apßn-bp≈

kv\m\-amWv ss__n-fns‚ amXrI. apºv thsdmcp

coXnbn¬ kv\m\s∏´Xv \nbam\pkrXambn

AwKoIc°pItbm C√tbm F∂Xv Hmtcm k`bpsS

bpw cWt\XrXzw thWw Xocpam\nt°≠Xv. F∂n

cp∂mepw kv\m\ta¬°p∂ kabØv, Hcmƒ

hnizmknbmbncp∂p F∂Xn¬ cWt\XrXzw \n¿∫

‘ambpw Dd∏phcptØ≠XmWv.

E. k -bpsS hnip≤n

k`bpsS \n¿ΩeX kw_‘n®v At`Zyambn ASp∏

ap≈ c≠v D]tZißƒ AhbpsS hnIknX

cq]Øn¬ ss__nƒ shfns∏SpØ∂p. k`m]camb

th¿∏m Sv hymtPm]tZihpw ZpjvSXbpw k`bnte°p

]thin°msX XSbp∂Xn\p klmbn°pw.

D]-tZ-i-]-c-amb sXt‰m Xn∑tbm k -bn¬ Imep-d-∏n-

°m≥ ian-°p-tºmƒ Ahsb \o°n-°-f-bp-hm≥ k`m

in£Ww F∂ D]-tZiw ssZh-h-N\w ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p.

kz`m-hn -I-ambn Nne thZ-`m -K-ßƒ th¿]m-S v ,

in£Ww, Ch c≠n-s\-°p-dn®pw hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

1. k`m-]camb th¿]mSv

hen®psI´nb RmWnt∑¬ \S°p∂Xnt\mSmWv

th¿]mSns\ Xpe\s∏SpØn°mWmhp∂Xv. Id

Xo¿∂ hnizmknIfpambn hnizmkØns‚ sFIyX

Im°p∂Xn\mWv Hcmƒ BKln°p∂Xv(Fs^. 4:3).

F¶nepw, ssZhtØmSp≈ A\pkcWw, kXyØn

s‚ kwc£Ww, \n¿Ωeamb Hcp kZy Chsb√mw,

]niImbn´p≈Xn¬ \n∂pw th¿]mSv Bhiys∏Sp

∂p. Iq´m-bva-bn¬ \n∂p ]n∑m-dp-hm≥ X°-hÆw Kuc-

h-X-c-amb D]-tZ-i-]-chpw [m¿Ωn-I-hp-amb hnj-b-

ßsf th¿Xn-cn-®-dn-bpI F∂p-≈Xv G‰hpw hnjata

dnb Imcyw Dƒs°m≈p∂XmWv. as‰mcp hnizmkn

sXt‰m Ip‰tam BsW∂p Nn¥n°p∂Xmb Hcp

Bibw AX ][m\a√mØ c≠mwXcw hnjbamb

XpsIm≠v, klnjvWpXbpsS Bflmhn¬ Iq´mbva

XpScmw F∂v FÆp∂Xv Ft∏mgmWv?

a. th¿s]-Sp-hm-\p≈ Iev]-\-Iƒ

ss__nfn-t\mSp Iqdp -]p-e¿Øp-∂-h¿ Nn¥-bnepw

]h¿Øn-bnepw ssIkvXh hncp-≤-amb kaq-l-ß-

tfmSp th¿s]-S-W-sa-∂p≈ ss__nƒ Iev]-\-tbmSp

A\p-k-cWw ImWn-°pw. k`m]-c-amb th¿]mSv Ahn-

izm-kn-I-tfmSp shdp∏p ImWn-°p-∂-X-√, As√-¶n¬

Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v Ahn-izm-kn-I-fmb kvt\ln-X-cp-

≠m-Iphm≥ Ignbn√t√m? ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬ ImWp∂

InkvXym-\n-Xz-Øn\p hn]-co-X-ambn ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-

h-cp-ambn ""aX-]-c-amb'' ]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ kl-I-cn-°-

cp-sX-∂mWv CXp-sIm≠v A¿∞-am-°p-∂-Xv.

""CW-bn-√m-∏nW IqS-cpXv'' F∂p≈ Ae-¶m-c-]-

tbmKw ImWn-°p-∂Xv InkvXp-hns\ X≈n-°-f-bp-∂-

h-cp-ambn H∂p tN¿∂p≈ DZy-a-ßfn¬ \n∂p th¿s]-

S-W-sa-∂m-Wv. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\p Hcp k`bv°v


10 “The teaching of the 12 Apostles”, in The Ante-Nicene Fa-thers, ed. by Alexander Roberts and James Donaldson, re-printed., 10 vols. (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans PublishingsCo. 1979), 7:379. (Didache 7:1-3).11 Tertullian “The Chaplet on De Corona” in The Ante-NiceneFathers, edited by Alexander Roberts and James Donaldson,reprint ed., 10 vols. (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Pub-lishing Co., 1973), 3:94.

384

ap…nwß-sftbm blq-Z-∑m-sctbm lnµp-°-sftbm

thW-sa-¶n¬ klm-bn-°mw. F∂m¬ Ah-cp-ambn aX-

]-c-amb Iq´p-s°´p D≠m-°p-hm-t\m, k -bv°p-≈n¬

aX-]-c-amb sX‰mb ]Tn-∏n-°¬ IS-∂p-h-cp-hmt\m

A\p-h-Zn-°-cp-Xv. sX‰mb kaq-l-ß-fp-ambn Hcp-an-®p≈

""Bcm-[\,'' ipiqj, ""IqSn-t®-c¬'' Ch ssZh-h-N\w

hne-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ahn-izm-kn-I-fp-am-bp≈ kl-I-

c-Whpw Ah¿°p-th-≠n-bp≈ ipiq-jbpw XΩn¬

hyXym-k-ap-≠v. \jvS-s∏-´-h-cp-am-bp≈ kl-I-cWw

k`sb aen-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-sa∂p amX-a√ CXv sX‰mb

aX-ßƒ AwKo-Imc tbmKy-am-sW-∂p≈ sX‰mb kp

c-£n-XXzt_m[w temI-Øn\p \¬Ip-hm-\n-S-bp≠v.

th¿]mSv ImØp kq£n-°pI F∂ Iev]\ Ah-K-

Wn-°p∂ k`sbm kap-Zm-btam thK-Øn¬ aen-\-am-

Ibpw InkvXob k -bpsS ]tXy-I-X-Iƒ If™v

Ipfn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. Ccp-]Xmw \q‰m-≠nse Ata-

cn-°-bn-ep≈ \ho-I-cW kap-Zm-b-ß-fpsS `qcn-]-£-

Øn-s‚bpw Ncn-X-ß-fn¬ CXn-\p-≈X sXfn-hp-≠v.

th¿]mSv Ah-K-Wn-®-t∏mƒ, ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ B[n

ImcnIXtbmSv B`napJyw ]pe¿Øp-∂-h-cpsS

lrZbw XI¿°p∂ hn[w B k`-Isf Xn∑-Iƒ

\in∏n®p.

th¿]mSv ]pe¿tØ≠ hnhn[ taJ-e-Isf°pdn®v

ssZh-h-N\w \n¿t±-i-ß¬ \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

(1) Zpcp-]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ \n∂p≈ th¿]mSv

\nßƒ Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfmSp CW-bn-√m-∏nW

IqS-cp-Xv. \oXn°pw A[¿Ω-Øn\pw XΩn¬

Fs¥mc tN¿®? shfn-®-Øn\p Ccp-tfmSv

Fs¥mcp Iq´mbva? InkvXp-hn\pw _en-bm-

en∂pw XΩn¬ F¥p s]mcpØw. A√ hnizm-

kn°v Ahn-izm-kn-bp-ambn F¥v Hmlcn?

ssZhm-e-b-Øn\v hnK-l-ß-tfmSp F¥p

tbmPyX? \mw Poh-\p≈ ssZh-Øns‚ Be-

b-at√m. ""Rm≥ Ah-cn¬ hkn-°pIbpw Ah-

cpsS CS-bn¬ \S-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. Rm≥

Ah¿°v ssZhhpw Ah¿ F\n°p P\hpw

BIpw F∂p ssZhw Acp-fn-sN-bvXn-cn-°p-∂p-

ht√m. AXp-sIm≠v Ah-cpsS \Sp-hn¬ \n∂p

]pd-s∏´p th¿s∏-ń-cn-∏n≥ F∂p I¿Ømhp

Acp-fn-sN-øp-∂p. Aip-≤-am-bXv H∂pw sXmS-

cpXv. F∂m¬ Rm≥ \nßsf ssIs°m≠v

\nßƒ°v ]nXmhpw \nßƒ F\n°p ]pX-

∑mcpw ]pXn-amcpw Bbn-cn°pw F∂p k¿∆-

i-‡-\mb I¿Ømhp Acp -fn -sN-øp∂p

(2 sImcn. 6:14˛18).

Cu thZ- m-K-Øns‚ ]›m-Ø-ehpw ]g-b -\n-ba D≤-

c-Wn-Ifpw Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂Xv, Cu th¿]m-Sns\°p

dn®p ]dbp∂ G‰hpw kp]-cn-N-X-ß-fmb thZ- m-K-

ß-fn¬ H∂n¬ hymPatXm]tZißfn¬\n∂pw

BNcWßfn¬\n∂pw th¿s∏Sp∂ Imcyw Dƒs°m

≠ncn°p∂p. 1 sImcn. 5:9 apX-ep≈ mK-ß-fn¬ Ahn-

izm-kn-I-tfm-Sp-ff kJn-Xzhpw ipiq-j-Ifpw A\p-h-

Zn-®n-cn-°p∂p; F∂m¬ 2 sImcn. 6 se thZ- m-KØv

ssZhm-e-bhpw (k-`) hnK-l-ßfpw (A-°m-esØ

][m-\-s∏´ hymPaXw)XΩn¬ _‘n∏n°p∂Xv

XS™ncn°p∂p. PmXn-Isf kvt\ln-°p-∂-Xns\

]utemkv XS-™n-ń-√. F∂m¬ ""CW-bn√∏nW''

IqSp-∂-Xns\ XS-™p. k`bpw PmXnb t£Xhpw

Htc `mK-Øp-\n-∂p-sIm≠v Htc e£y-Øn\p th≠n

]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xp-t]msebmWv hnizm-knbpw Ahn-

izm-knbpw Hcp-an®p tN¿∂p ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv. Hcp

hniz-kvX-bmb k`bv°v CXv km[n-°m-Ø-XmWv

F∂p ÿm]n-°p-hm≥ ]utemkv aq∂p Ae-¶mc

_lp-e-amb tNmZy-ßƒ Db¿Øn-s°m≠v hmZn-°p-

∂p. k`bv°v Ahn-izm-kn-I-fp-ambn F¥p tN¿®? hm.

14. F¥p s]mcpØw? hm. 15. F¥p tbmPyX? hm.

16. Cu CWbn√m∏nWbn¬ IqSm≥ hcp∂ c≠p

I£nIfpw c≠p hyXykvX Znibnte°p \pIw

hen®psIm≠pt]mIpw. Cß-s\-bp≈ D]-cn-π-h-amb

sFIyw k -bpsS hnti-j-X-Isf \in-∏n-°pw. X∑qew

CsXmcp ]¶m-fn-Ø-a√ ]ns∂tbm Npa-XemssIam‰w

Bbn-cn-°pw.

sImcn¥y k`sb \in-∏n-°p∂ Zpcp-]-tZ-jvSm-°-∑m-

sc-°p-dn®v 2 sImcn¥y teJ-\-Øn¬ Bh¿Øn®v ]d-

™n-cn-°p-∂p (3:1˛2; 11:13; 12:19 IqSmsX 13:1˛5 hsc).

Bdmw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ th¿]m-Sns‚

Iev]-\-bn¬ Zpcp-]-tZ-jvSm-°-∑m-cn¬ \n∂p≈ th¿]m-

Sn-s\-°p-dn®v Dƒs°m-f-fn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xmbn \n w-ibw

]d-bmw.

InkvXp -hns‚ D]-tZ -i-Øn¬ \ne-\n -

ev°msX AXn¿ IS-∂p-t]m-Ip∂ Hcp-Ø\pw

ssZh-an√. D]-tZ-i-Øn¬ \ne-\n-ev°p-∂ht\m

]nXmhpw ]pX\pw D≠v. Hcp-Ø≥ Cu D]-

tZiw sIm≠-√msX \nß-fpsS ASp-°¬

hcp∂p F¶n¬ Ahs\ hoń¬ ssIs°m-≈-

cp-Xv. Ah\p Ipiew ]d-bp-I-bp-a-cp-Xv. Ah\p

Ipiew ]d-bp-∂-h≥ Ahs‚ Zpjv]-h¿Øn-

Iƒ°p Iq´m-fn-b-t√m (2 tbml. 9:11).

""InkvXp-hns‚ D]-tZ-i-Øn¬ \ne-\n-ev°mØ'' aX-

]-Nm-c-I-cn¬ \n∂v th¿s]-Sp-hm≥ 2 tbml. 9˛11

Iev]n-°p-∂p. ""InkvXp-hns‚ D]-tZiw'' ""InkvXp-hn-


385

s\-°p-dn-®p≈ D]-tZ-i-sØ-bmWv'' Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-

∂X.v Xs‚ I\yIm P\\w, ssZh-Xzw, bmK-a-c-Ww,

]p\-cp-∞m-\w, c≠mw hchv XpS-ßn-b-h-sb-°p-dn-®p≈

][m\ D]-tZ-i-ßƒ As√-¶n¬ InkvXp \evInb

D]-tZ-i-sØ-°p-dn®pw CXp Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂-Xmbn

Icp-Xmw. hymJym\w GXp Xs∂-bm-bmepw D]-tZi

]niIv ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-h-cp-ambn bmsXmcp Iq´m-bvatbm

kl-I-c-Wtam ]mSn-√m-sb-∂mWv Cu thZ- mKw Nq≠n-

°m-Wn-°p-∂-Xv.

th¿]m-Sns‚ D]-tZiw kvt\l-Øn\p \nc-°m-Ø-Xm-

sW∂v Bsc-¶nepw Nn¥n-°p-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ tbml-

∂m≥ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv kvt\l-Øn¬ ""I¿Øm-hns‚

Iev]-\-Iƒ'' ]am-Wn-°p-∂Xv AS-ßn-bn- p-s≠-∂m-Wv.

h©-I-∑m-cpsS (X-Xz-im-kvX-Øn-¬ FXn¿In-kvXp-

°ƒ) ]h¿Øn-Iƒ°v hn]-co-X-hp-amWv kvt\lw.

\mw Ahs‚ Iev]-\-Isf A\p-k-cn®p \S-

°p-∂Xp Xs∂ kvt\l-am-Ip∂p. \nßƒ

BZn-ap-X¬ tI -Xp-t]mse A\p-k-cn-®p-\-S-°p-

hm-\p≈ Iev]\ CXsX. tbip-In-kvXp-hns\

PU-Øn¬ h∂-h≥ F∂p kzoI-cn-°mØ

h©-I-∑m-¿ ]ecpw temI-Ønte°v ]pd-s∏-

´n -cn -°p-∂p-ht√m. h©-I\pw FXn¿In-

kvXphpw Cß-s\-bp -f -f -h≥ BIp-∂p

(2 tbml. 6- 7).

D]-tZ-i-]-c-amb sX‰n¬ \n∂p≈ th¿]m-Sn\v tdma¿

12: 2 tN¿Øp-h-bv°p-∂Xv \n›-b-ambpw \oXn-]q¿∆-

I-am-Wv. ]utemkv Iev]n-°p-∂Xv Cu temtØmSv

A\p-cq-]-am-Ip-∂-Xn¬ \n∂v hnizm-kn-Iƒ th¿s]-S-

W-sa-∂m-Wv. ]tXy-In®v a\- ns‚ taJ-e-bn¬.

Cu temI-Øn\v A\p-cq-]-am-ImsX \∑bpw

]km-Zhpw ]q¿Æ-X-bp-ap≈ ssZh-lnXw C∂-

sX∂p Xncn-®-dn-tb-≠-Xn\v a\ p ]pXp°n

cq]m-¥-c-s∏-Sp-hn≥ (tdm-a. 12:2).

(2) `n∂X D≠m-°p-∂-h-cn¬ \n∂p≈ th¿]mSv

k -bn¬ A\m-h-iy-amb `n∂X D≠m-°p∂ hy‡n-

Iƒ, Iq -ßƒ Ch-cn¬ \n∂p k` th¿]mSp ImØp-

kq-£n-°-Ww. `n∂Xbv°p Imc-W-amb ][m\

]iv\w D≠m-Ip-∂Xv D]-tZ-i-]-ctam [m¿Ωn-Itam

Bb hyXn-N-e-\-ßƒ D≠m-Ip-tºm-gm-Wv. km[m-c-W-

bmbn k` ]iv\-ßƒ A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°p-∂Xv D]-tZ-

i-]-c-amb bmYm-ÿn-XnI ImgvN-∏m-Sp-≈-hcpw Al-

¶m-cn-Ifpw Ibv∏p \nd-™-hcpw Akq-b-°mcpw Ip‰w

]d™p \S-°p-∂-h-cn¬ \n∂p-am-Wv.

auVy-X¿°hpw hwim-h-en-Ifpw Ie-lhpw

\ymb-]-am-WsØ°pdn®p≈ hmZhpw Hgn-™p-

\n-ev°. Ch \njv]-tbm-P-\hpw hy¿∞-hp-a-

t√m. k -bn¬ n∂X hcp-Øp∂ a\p-jy-t\mSp

H∂p-c≠p h´w _p≤n ]d-™-tijw Ahs\

Hgn-°mw. Cß-s\-bp-≈-h≥ hI-_p-≤n-bmbn

]m]w sNbvXp Xs∂-Øm≥ Ip‰w

hn[n-®n-cn-°p∂p F∂p \n\-°-dn-bm-a-t√m

(XotØm. 3:9˛11).

ktlm-Z-c-∑msc \nßƒ ]Tn® D]-tZ-i-Øn\p

hn]-co-X-amb Zzµ-]-£-ß-sfbpw CS¿®-I-

sfbpw D≠m-°p-∂-h-sc kq£n-®p-sIm-t≈-W-

sa∂v Rm≥ \nßsf ]t_m-[n-∏n-°p-∂p. Ah-

tcmSp AI∂p amdp-hn≥ (tdm-a. 16:17).

(3) A -∑m¿§nIX-bn¬ \n∂p≈ th¿]mSv

Zp¿am¿§-Po-hn-XsØ k`min£W \S-]-Sn-Iƒ°v

hnt[-b-am-°-W-sa∂v ]d-bp∂ Hmtcm hmIyhpw AXn

¬ \n∂p th¿s]-Sp-hm-\p≈ D]-tZ-ihpw \evIp-∂p.

k -bv°p-≈n¬ \n∂v Akm∑m¿§nIX \o°n°ftb

≠Xv \n¿∫‘amsW¶n¬, AXv Dƒ]thin°p∂Xv,

XpS°Øn¬Xs∂ XSbWsa∂v kphy‡amWt√m

(Im-Wp-I. k¶o. 1; kZr. 1:10; 13:20; 1 sImcn. 15:33).

Zp¿∂-S-∏p-Im-tcmSp kwk¿§w Acp-Xv F∂p

Rm≥ Fs‚ teJ-\-Øn¬ \nßƒ°p Fgp-Xn-

´p-≠-t√m. AXp Cu temI-Ønse Zp¿∂-S-∏p-

Im-tcmtSm AXym-K-ln-I-tfmtSm ]nSn-®p-]-dn-°m-

tcmtSm hnK-lm-cm-[n-I-tfmtSm AcpXv F∂-

√t√m Aßs\ F¶n¬ \nßƒ temIw hn´p

t]mtI≠n hcpw. F∂m¬ ktlm-Z-c≥ th¿

s]´ Hcp-h≥ Zp¿∂-S∏pImct\m AXymKln

tbm hnK-lm-cm-[ntbm hmhn-jvTmW-°m-

ct\m aZy -]t\m ]nSn -®p -]-dn -°m-ct\m

BI∂p F¶n¬ Ah-t\mSp kwk¿§w AcpXv.

Aß-s\-bp≈htcm-Sp-IqsS `£Ww Ign-°-

t]m-epw- A-cpXv F∂sX Rm≥ \nßƒ°v

Fgp-Xn-bXv (1 sImcn. 5:9˛11).

Ccp- ns‚ \njv e ]h¿Øn-I-fn¬ ""Iq´m-fn-

Iƒ BI-cp -X v . Ahsb imkn-°-bsX

th≠Xv (F-s^. 5:11).

(4) ssZh-h-N-\-tØmSp s]mXp-hm-bp≈ A\p-k-c-W-

t°Sv

a‰p≈hcnep≈ _elo\XIƒ; ssh]coXyßƒ,

F∂nhbpsS ImcyØn¬ klnjvWpXmat\m`mhw

]pe¿Øphm≥(^nen. 3:15) Ignbpsa∂ncns°,

GsX¶nepw kp][m\ thtZm]tZiw, kZmNmc


386

\nehmcw([m¿ΩnIam\ZWvUw) AYhm at\m`mhw

ChbpsS kv]jvSamb ewL\w th¿s]Sphm≥

(AI¬® ]men°phm≥) D≈ ImcWßfmImhp∂

XmWv.

ktlmZ-c-∑mtc, Rß-tfmSp ]m]n® ]amWw

hn´p Iaw sI´p \S-°p∂ GXp ktlm-Z-c-

t\mSpw AI-∂p-sIm-t≈Ww F∂p \ΩpsS

I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ \ma-Øn¬

Rßƒ \nß-tfmSp B⁄m-]n-°p-∂p. Cu

teJ-\-Øn-ep≈ Rß-fpsS hm°v A\p-k-

cn-°m-Ø-h≥ \mWn-t°-≠Xn∂p Ah-t\m-

Sp≈ kwk¿§w hn v Ahs\ thdpXn-cn-∏n≥.

F¶nepw iXp F∂p hnNm-cn-°msX ktlm-

Zc≥ F∂p sh®p Ahs\ _p≤n-bp-]-tZ-in-°-

bsX th≠-Xv (2 sX -tem-\n-Jy¿ 3:6, 14- 15).

b. kaImenI ssZh-imkvX Nn¥m-K-Xn-Iƒ

apI-fn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ hm°y-ß-fn¬ \n∂p th¿]m-

Sn-\p≈ ASn-ÿm\ ]amWw cq]-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu

th¿]mSv ]pe¿Øp-hm≥ hnhn[ ssZh imkvX ]h-

W-X-I-fpsS ]T\w klm-bn-°pw.

(1) en_dn-enkw

en_vdn-enkw (\-ho-I-W-hm-Zn-Iƒ) F∂p-≈Xv Hcp

hy‡-a-√mØ ]tbm-K-am-Wv. aX-]-c-amb en_dnen-

k-Øns‚ ]am-W-ßƒ sP.- sF. ]m°¿ ]ń-Im-cq-]-

Øn¬ \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv Xmsg D≤-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.12

“ssZhØns‚ kz`mhKpWw XnsI™ HuZmcyØn

t‚Xmb H∂mWv

F√m-hcpw ssZh-a-°-fmWv F∂mWv en_d-¬ Nn¥m-

K-Xn-°m¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xv. ssZhw ]hn-X-amb kºq¿

Æ kvt\l-Øns‚ ssZh-am-b-Xp-sIm≠v Hcp a\p-jy-

s\bpw \nXy-amb in£°v hnt[-b-\m-°p-∂n-√.

“F√m a\p-jy-cnepw Hcp ssZhnI ssNX\yw D≠v”

a\pjy¿°v Ah-cpsS kz`m-hnI \∑ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øm≥

Ign-bpw-hn[w icn-bmb kml-N-cyhpw icn-bmb

t]m’m-l-\hpw Bh-iy-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse

a\pjy¿°v c£ AXbv°v Bhiyambncn°p∂n√.

“tbip a\p-jy¿°p≈ kw]q¿Æ- Kpcphpw amXr-I-

bp-am-Wv, B A¿∞-Øn-emWv tbip a\p-jy-cpsS

c£n-Xm-hm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv”.

tbip ssZhtam I\y-I-bpsS aIt\m A√, F∂m¬

Ah≥ Db¿∂ BflnI ]am-W-ßƒ ]Im-in-∏n-®p.

Hcp ⁄m\n-bmb Kpcp-hns‚ ]h¿Ø-\sØ shń-

®p-cp-°nb Ncn-X-Ønse \n¿`m-Ky-I-c-amb kw -h-am-

bn-cp-∂p Iqin-I-c-Ww. InkvXp ac-W-Øn¬ \n∂pw

Dbn¿Øn-√.

""tbipInkvXp a‰p a\pjycn¬\n∂pw XmcXtay\

amXamWv hyXykvX\mbncn°p∂Xv; kºq¿Æam

bn√, AXpt]msebmWv InkvXym\nXzw a‰p

aXßfn¬ \n∂p hyXykvXambncn°p∂Xpw;

samØØn¬ InkvXym\nIsf°pdn®v Aßs\

]dbm\mhn√. F∂m¬ tIhew CXphsc temI

Øn¬ ]Xy£ambXn¬sh®v G‰hpw \√Xpw

D∂Xhpamb \nebnep≈ aXw F∂ \nebn¬,

InkvXym\nXzw hyXykvXamWv.''

AXpsIm≠v hntZianj\pIfpsS e£yw a‰p

aXßfnep≈hsc ]cnh¿Ø\w sNøpI F∂Xv

Bbncn°cpXv. adn®v Ah¿°p InkvXym\nXzsØ

°pdn®p≈ Adnhns\ ]cnt]mjn∏n°pIbpw kmaq-

ln-Ihpw a\p-jy-tk-h-\-]-c-hp-amb klm-b-ßƒ

sNbvXp sImSp-°pI F∂n-h-bm-Wv.

“ss__nƒ shfn-∏m-Sp-I-fpsS Hcp ZnhytcJ-sbm-∂p-

a-√, F∂m¬ aX-sØ kw_‘n® Hcp am\pjnI

kwlnXbmWv.''

ss__nƒ \Ωp°v ssZh hN\w \¬Ip-∂n-√. t]mb

ImeØv Pohn-®n-cp∂ ⁄m\n-I-fmb a\p-jy-cpsS aX-

]-c-amb Dƒ°mgvNIfpsSbpw A\p`hßfpsSbpw

tcJbmWv.

(2) ^≠-sa‚-enkw (auen-I-hm-Zw)

“auen-I-hmZw” F∂-Xn\p ssZh-imkvXw \¬Ip∂

\n¿h-N-\hpw B[p-\nI am[y-a-ßƒ \¬Ip∂ \n¿h-

N-\-ßfpw XΩn¬ henb hyXym-k-ap-≠v.

20˛mw \q‰m-≠ns‚ Bcw- -Øn¬ Xs∂ auenI hmZw

F∂ ]tbmKhpw Bcw-`n-®p. GsXmcp aX-`m-¥-

t\mSpw tN¿ØmWv C∂v CXv ]tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv.

F∂m¬ “auenIhmZw” F∂p≈Xn\v IrXy-amb

A¿∞hpw al-Ømb ss]Xr-I-hp-ap-≠v. 1909 ¬ Imen-

t^m¿Wn-b-bn¬ \n∂p≈ c≠v FÆ Iº\n Xe-h-

∑m¿ (e-bvsa≥, an¬‰≥Ãn-h¿ v) “Zn ^≠-sa-s‚¬kv

(The Fundamentals)” F∂ t]cn¬ 12 ]pkvX-I-ß-

fpsS Hcp ]pkvXI]c-ºc ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-hm≥

kmº-ØnI klmbw sNbvXp. CXns‚ Fgp-Øp-Im-

cn¬ sPbnwkv Hm¿, _n _n hm¿ô¬Uv, Uªyp

F®v. Kn^nØv ˛ tXmakv, B¿. F. t‰mdn, F.-‰n.

]ntbgvk¨, Pn. Imº¬ tam¿K¨ XpS-ßn-b-h¿


12 J.I Packer, Fundamentalism and the Word of God, reprint ed.(Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1977), pp.25-26. The material in quotes comes from Dr. Packer. Addi-tional comments give my own paraphrase following Packersthoughts closely.

387

Dƒs∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu ]pkvXIw A®-Sn®v aq∂v

aneyWne[nIw InkvXob ]h¿Ø-I¿°v kuP-\y-

ambn \¬In. Cw•ojv `mj kwkm-cn-°p∂ Hmtcm

]mÃ¿°pw kphn -ti-j-I\pw ssZh-imkvX

hnZym¿∞n°pw k¨tU kvIqƒ A≤ym-]-I\pw Cu

]T-\-ßƒ FØn-°pI F∂p-≈-Xm-bn-cp∂p e£yw.13

1895˛¬ \S∂ \bmK ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ \n∂pw, 1910˛¬

\S∂ hS-°≥ ]nkv_n-t‰-dn-b≥ k -bpsS s]mXp-k-

tΩ-f-\-Øn¬ \n∂pw auen-I-hm-Z-Øn-s‚ ASn-ÿm\

hnj-b-ß-fn-¬ s]mXphmb Hcp [mcWbp≠mbn.

ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ A]-am-Zn-Xzw, InkvXp-hns‚

ssZhXzw, InkvXp-hns‚ I\yImP\-\hpw A¤p-X-

ß-fpw, InkvXp-hns‚ ]m]-]-cn-lm-chpw ]Xn-]-I-c-

bm-K-a -c -Whpw, InkvXphns‚ BfØ]-c-amb

Dbn¿sØgpt∂ev]pw aS-ßn-h-chpw F∂o hnjb

ßfmWh. auen-I-hm-Zn-Iƒ hnizmkØmep≈ c£,

hnizmknIƒ°p≈ kz¿§w, AhnizmknIƒ°p

th≠nbp≈ \cIw F∂nhbpw hnizkn®ncp∂p. qcn-

]-£w t]cpw ]cn-Wm-asØ X≈n-°-f-™n-cp-∂p14.

Ct∏mƒ ""auen-I-hmZw'' F∂Xv hfsc sX‰n-≤-cn-°-

s∏´ ]tbm-K-ambXpsIm≠v a‰p-≈-h-tcmSv Cu

hnjbw kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-apºv CXv e£y-am-°p∂

\n¿h-N\w AhtcmSv hni-Z-am-°p-∂Xv \√-Xm-Wv. Ncn-

X-]-c-amb \n¿∆N-\a\pkcn®v ""auenIhmZn'' F∂

]tbmKw ASnÿm\]cambn kphntijhnlnX≥,

bmYmÿnXnI≥, BNmc\njvTbp≈˛Fs∂ms°∏d

bp∂Xns‚ ]cymbamWv.

(3) \h ˛ kphn-ti-jo-I-c-W-hmZw (Neo - evangelicalism)

1948 15 ¬ ^pf-f¿ skΩ-\m-cn-bn¬ \S∂ ]kw-K-ß-

fn-emWv \h kphn-ti-jn-I-cW hmZw D≠m-bnh∂Xv.

en_d¬ Nn¥m-K-XnIfpw auen-I-hm-Zhpw XΩn-ep≈

HØp Xo¿∏p ia-ß-fpsS ^e-ambmWv \hkphn-ti-

joI-c-W-hmZw DS-se-Sp-Ø-Xv. \h kphn-ti-jnIcW-

Øns‚ BZy-Ime ]Nm-c-I¿ bYm-ÿn-Xn-I-cm-bn-cp∂p

F∂m¬ en_d¬ Nn¥m-K-Xn-°msc Dƒs°m-≠-n-cp-∂p.

Cß-s\-bp-≈ -at\m\ne-bp-≈-hsc ""anX -]-Ir-Xn-

°m¿'' F∂pw hnfn-°-s∏- n-cp-∂p. \hkphn-ti-joI-

c-W-hm-Z-°m¿ H∂p-In¬ ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ sX‰n-°q-

Smbva AwKo-I-cn-°m-Ø-htcm As√-¶n¬ Aß-s\-bp-

≈-h-cp-ambn Iq´p-tN-cp-∂-htcm Bbn-cn-°pw. ssZh-h-

N-\-Øns‚ A]-am-ZnXzw F∂p≈ D]-tZiw G‰hpw

][m-\-s∏- -Xmbn Ah¿ Icp-Xp-∂n-√. Dev]-Øn-bnse

Pe-]-f-bsØ Hcp bYm¿∞ Pe-]-f-b-amtbm

krjvSnsb A£-cn-I-amtbm \hkphn-ti-jo-I-c-W-

hm -Zn -Itfm anX-]-Ir -Xn -°mtcm ImWp-∂n -√. -

ssZhhnizmk]camb Nne ]cnWmacq]w Ah¿

hy‡n]cambn hnizkns® t∂m hnizkn®ns√t∂m

hcmw. F∂m¬ Dev]Øn ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ A£-coI

hymJym\w \nc-kn-°p-∂-h-cp-ambn Ah¿ tXmtfmSp

tXmƒ tN¿∂p \n¬°p-∂p. F√m-hn-izm-k-°m-

cpsSbpsS CS-bnepw kl-I-cn-®p≈ kphn-ti-j-]-

h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v Ah¿ Du∂¬ \¬Ip-∂p. “en_d¬

kvtImf¿jn∏n\m¬” AwKoI-cn-°p-hm≥ Ah¿°v

AXncv Ihn™ Xmev]-cy-ap-≠v. kmaq-ln-Ihpw

cmjvSo-b-hp-amb ]iv\-ß-fn¬ henb th¿]mSp

]men°p∂Xn¬ Ah¿ hnizkn°p∂n√.

c. th¿]m-Sns‚ kphy‡ \n¿t±-i-ßƒ

(1) ss__nfnt\mSp≈ hnt[bat\m`mhhpw a’c

at\m`mhhpw

th¿]m-Sns‚ ]In-b-bn¬ Hcp k`sbm (hy-‡n-sbm)

D]-tZ-i-Øn-ep≈ hyXymkw amX-a√ th¿Xn-cn®p

ImtW-≠Xv ]n∂tbm ssZh-h-N-\-tØm-Sp≈ at\m-

`m-h-Øn-ep≈ hyXym-khpw a\- n-em-°Ww.

Hcp ss__nƒ ]kvXm-h-\sb kzoI-cn-°p-Isbm Xnc-

kvI-cn-°p-Isbm sNøp-hm-\p≈ kzmX¥tØmSpIq

sS ss__nfnt∑¬ Al¶mctØmSpIqSnb hn[n

\n¿ÆbØn¬ X\n°p \nev°mw F∂XmWv Hcp

en_d¬ Nn¥mKXn°mcs‚ at\m`mhw. Hcp en_d¬

hnizmkn Cßs\ Nn¥nt®°mw:˛ ""\cIw F∂p hnfn

°p∂ Hcp ÿew Ds≠∂p ss__nƒ ]dbp∂p.

F∂m¬ Rm≥ AXp hnizmkn°p∂n√.''

adphiØv, bmYmÿnXnI¿, Xßƒ sNøp∂ Imcy

ßƒ hnizkn°p∂p. F¥psIms≠∂m¬, ss__n

ƒ A]Imcw ]Tn∏n°p∂psh∂v Ah¿ hnizkn°p

∂p. D]tZi]camb Hcp ]niIv Ah¿ hnizkn°p

tºmƒt]mepw, Ah¿ A]Imcw sNøp∂Xv Ahcp

sS ]niIv ss__nƒ ]Tn∏n°∂psh∂v Ah¿ Nn¥n

°p∂XpsIm≠mWv. Ah¿ Nn¥n°p∂ \nebn¬

XncpshgpØnt\mSv hnt[bXzØnembncn°m≥

Ah¿ BKln°pIbpw sNøp∂p. Hcp


13 See Torrey, R. A., ed The Fundamentals: The FamousSourcebook of Foundational Biblical Truths, reprint ed. (GrandRapids Kregal Publication, 1990).14 For Additiona details about church history in the early 20thCentury, see Packer, J. I. Fundamentalism and the Word of God.(Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1977) orCairns, Earle E. christianity Through the Centuries, Revised(Grand Rapids: Zondervan Publishing Co., 1967), or Marsden,George, Fundamentalism and American Culture. (Oxford: ox-ford University Press 1980).15 Robert P. Lightner, Neoevangelicalism Today(Schaumberg,II: Regular Baptist Press, 1978), p. 44.

388

bmYmÿnXnI≥, Hcmƒ°v \jvSs∏Smsat∂m

tcmKim¥nhcw C∂p \ne\n¬°p∂psht∂m

sX‰mbn hnizknt®°mw. F∂ncp∂mepw, B

Imcyßƒ At±lw hniz kn°p∂Xn\p ImcWw

Aßs\ ]Tn∏n°p∂psh∂p tXm∂p∂ hmIyßƒ

Abmƒ°p Is≠Øm≥ Ignbpw F∂XmWv.

sX‰mb hymJym-\sØ Hcmƒ °v AwKo-I-cn-°p-

hm≥ Ign-bp-∂n-s√-¶nepw, ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ A[n-

Im-c-tØm-Sp≈ ka¿∏-Whpw AXns\ D]-tZ-i-

Øns‚ Ah-km-\-hm-°mbn AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂Xpw lrZ-

b-]q¿∆w A`n-\-µn-t°≠ Imcy-am-Wv.

Hcmƒ°v ]q¿Æambn tbmPn°m≥ Ignbns√¶n¬t]m

epw, thZ]pkvXIA[n-Im-csØ Xnc-kv°-cn-°-Ø-°-

hn[w AXnse hy‡-am-bXpw Bh¿Øn®p \¬Ip-

∂-Xp-amb D]-tZ-i-ßsf \ntj[n°p∂Xn\m¬(\ntj

[n®psIm≠v) XßsfØs∂ ss__nfns‚ A[nIm

cØn\paotX ]XnjvTn°p∂hcpw, c≠mwXcØn¬

s∏´ D]tZißfpsS ImcyØn¬(ASnÿmt\m]tZi

ßf√mØhbn¬) sX‰pIƒ hcpØp∂hcmsW¶n¬

t∏mepw, ss__nfns‚ ]Tn∏n°epIfmbn Xßƒ

hnizkn°p∂Xn\v, XßsfØs∂ Iogvs∏SpØns°m

Sp°p∂hcpw XΩnep≈ henb hyXymkw th¿]mSp

]men°p∂Xn¬ _p≤nap´p≈ taJebn¬ Hcp k`

]cnKW\bnseSptØ aXnbmhq F∂p tXm∂p∂p.

ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬ hy‡-ambpw Bh¿Øn®pw ]Tn-∏n-

®n-cn-°p∂ Nne D]-tZ-i-ßƒ ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ A[n-

Im-c-Øn\p Iogvs∏-Sp∂ F√m-hcpw AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p.

F√m k`m hn mKßfnepap≈ ss__nƒ hnizmknIƒ

AwKo-I-cn-°p∂ ASn-ÿm-\-]-am-W-ß-fm-Wnh. Ah-

bn¬ Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂ ][m-\-k-Xy-ßƒ Dƒs∏- n-cn-°p-

∂p:˛ a\p-jy-kr-jvSn, InkvXp-hns‚ I\y-Im-P-\\w,

ssZh-Xzw, XnXzw InkvXp-hns‚ ico-cnI Db¿∏v,

c≠mw hc-hv, ]Xn-]-I-c-bm-Kw, hnizm-k-Øm-ep≈

c£, ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ A]-am-ZnXzw kz¿§-sØ-°p-

dn®pw \c-I-sØ-°p-dn-®pap≈ bmYm¿∞y ßƒ. a‰p-

hn-j-b-ß-fn¬ sX‰p kw -hn-®mepw ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚

A[n-Im-c-tØmSp Iogvs∏-Sp-∂-h¿ apI-fn¬∏-d-™n-cn-

°p∂ Imcy-ßƒ hniz-kn°pw. ImcWw Ch hy‡-

ambpw Bh¿Øn®pw ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬ ]Tn-∏n-®n-cn-

°p-∂p. Cu ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ D]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ Ht∂m

AXn-e-[n-Itam \nc-kn-°m\p≈ GIImcWw, B

hy‡n°v XncpshgpØnt\mSv en_d¬ at\m`mh

ap≈XpsIm≠mWv. AXn\m¬ ssZhhN\w hy‡am

bn ]Tn∏n°p∂Xns\ XnckvIcn°p∂Xn\p≈ A[n

Imcw Abmƒ Xs‚ a\ n\p \¬Inbncn°p∂p.

Cu ASn-ÿm\ D]-tZ-i-ßtfm-Sp≈ AwKo-Imcw

ssZh-h-N-\-Øn\p Iogvs∏-Sp-∂ at\m`mhamWv ]Z¿

in∏n°p∂Xv. a‰p taJeIfn¬ hymJym\]ni-Ip-I-

fp-s≠-¶nepw Cu ASn-ÿm\ D]-tZ-i-ßƒ A\p-k-

cn-°p-∂-hsc InkvXp-hn¬ ktlm-Zcn ktlm-Z-c-∑m-

cmbn ]cnKWt°≠Xv BhiyamWv. a‰p Kuchw

Ipd™ sX‰p-Iƒ Ah¿ hniz-kn-°p-s∂-¶n¬

AXns‚ ImcWw ssZhhN\w Aßs\ ]Tn-∏n-°p-

∂p-sh∂v Ah¿ IcpXp∂XpsIm≠v Ah-cpsS B

]tXyI sX‰v AwKn-Im-c-tbm-Ky-a-s√-¶nepw InkvXp-

hn-t\m-Sp≈ Ah-cpsS ka¿∏-Whpw ssZh-h-N-\-tØm-

Sp≈ kao-]-\hpw AwKo-Im-c-tbm-Ky-am-Wv. a‰p-≈-h-

cpsS ssZh-im-kvX-ss]-XrIØnse \√ Imcy-ßƒ

AwKo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw AsX kabw Xs∂ ssZh-h-N\w

hniz-kn-°p∂ bYm¿∞ hnizm-kn-Isf XΩn¬ `n∂n-

∏n-°p∂ D]-tZ-i-hn-j-b-ß-fn¬ k -bpsS tijvT-amb

D]-tZ-i-ßƒ ]n¥p-S-cp-Ibpw ]tLm-jn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂-hn-[-Øn-ep≈ th¿]m-Sns‚ Hcp XXz-imkvXw

k -bv°p-≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv \√-Xm-Wv. Hcp taJesb

Hcp tcJsIm≠v hn`Pn°p∂Xnt\°mƒ \√Xv(Nm¿ v

-B) th¿]mSns\, hnkvXmcamb hrØßfmbn ho£n

°p∂XmWv(Nm¿´v - A)(ASpØ t]Pnse Nm¿´v

i≤n°pI).

(2) Iq´m-bva-bpsS aWvUeßƒ

ASn-ÿm\ D]-tZ-i-ßƒ Dt]-£n-°p-∂-h-cp-ambn k`m-

]-c-amb H∂n-°tem Hcn-an-®p≈ kl-I-c-Wtam

]mSn√. qcn-]£w kwK-Xn-I-fnepw Aß-s\-bp≈ Iqdv

Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfm-Sm-bn-cn-°pw. F√m-bn-t∏mgpw ASn-

ÿm\ D]-tZ-i-ßƒ \nc-kn-°p-∂-hsc \ncp-]-Z-h-am-

bn- p≈ hymJym\ ]ni-Ip-Iƒ hcp-Øp-∂-h-cn¬ \n∂p

th¿Xn-cn-®p. Imc-Ww, ssZh-hN-\-Øns‚ A[n-Im-c-

Øn\p apI-fn-embn Xß-fpsS a\-kns‚ A[n-Im-

csØ shbv°p∂ at\m- m-h-tØmsS InkvXp-hn-s\-

Xn-cm-b a’-c-Øn-emWv Ah¿ Bbn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Aß-

s\-bp≈hcp-ambn H∂n-°p-∂-Xv InkvXp-hn\p A]-

am-\hpw ssZh-h-N-\-tØm-Sp≈ A\p-k-c-W-t°-Sp-

amWv.

hnhn[ ssZh-imkvX Iq´m-bva-bnse bmYm-ÿn-Xn-I-

cp-ambn Bg-ta-dnb kl-I-cWw ]tbm-Kn-I-a-√.

ImcWw Ah-cpsS D]-tZ-i-ß-fnse A`n-]m-b-hy-Xym-

k-ß-fm-Wv. (DZm: c£-bpsS `Z-X, inip-kv\m-\w,

BflnI hc-ßƒ). F∂m¬ kvt\lw, Xmgva Zo¿£a

F∂nh Bhn-iy-s∏-Sp-∂Xv, ss__nƒ Ahn-iz-kn-

°p∂ en_d¬ Nn¥m-K-Xn-°mcpw ss__nƒ hniz-

kn-°p∂ bYm-ÿn-Xn-Icpw XΩn¬ Hcp th¿Xncnhv

D≠mbncn°Ww F∂mWv. ASn-ÿm\ D]-tZ-i-ß-

tfmSv hniz-kvXX ]pe¿Øp-∂-h-tcmSp \mw kvt\lw


389


°msX XSkw \n¬°p-hm≥ klm-bn-°p∂ ]am-W-

amWv th¿]m-Sn-t‚-Xv. k -bv°p-≈n¬ Aip-≤n-I-≠p-

I-gn™m¬ Ah \o°w sNøp∂ \S-]-Sn-I-fmWv

in£-W-Øn-e-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. k`m-in-£-W-Øns‚

e£yw ]iv\-]-cn-lm-c-amWv. Iq´mbva ]p\-xÿm-]n-

°pI F∂ e£y-tØm-sS-bmWv in£-Ww-\-S-Øp-

∂Xv. Hcp Iq´m-bvabpw ]pe¿Øm≥ km[y-a-√

F∂mWv th¿]mSv A¿∞am°p∂Xv.

a. k`m in£-W-Øn-\p≈ ss__nƒ Iev]-\-Iƒ

KpcpXchpw A\pX]n®n´n√mØXpamb ]m]Øn\v,

InkvXobhnizmkw G‰p]d™n´n√mØ Hcmsf

(hnizmknsb), in£Ww \SØp∂Xn\v hy‡amb

thZm[mcw At\I hmIyßƒ \¬Ip∂p≠v. Ch

bn¬ A[nI]¶v hmIyßfpsSbpw ]q¿Æcq]w

XpS¿∂p ≈ `mKßfn¬ \¬Ipsa∂p≈XpsIm≠v,

ChnsS ][m\s∏´ ]tbmKßƒ amXta

ImWn®n´p≈q.

ktlmZc∑mtc, \nßƒ ]Tn® D]tZiØn\v

hn]coXamb Zzµz]£ßsfbpw CS¿®I

sfbpw D≠m°p∂hsc kq£n®psIm≈W

sa∂p Rm≥ \nßsf ]t_m[n∏n°p∂p

(tdma¿ 16:17).

Zp¿\S∏pImtcmSv kwk¿§w AcpXv F∂v

Rm≥ Fs‚ teJ\Øn¬ FgpXo´p≠t√m

(1 sImcn 5:9).

F∂m¬ ktlmZc≥ F∂ th¿s]´ Hcph≥

Zp¿∂S∏pImct\m AXymKlntbm hnKlmcm

[ntbm hmhnjvTmW°mct\m aZy]t\m

ImWn-°-W-sa-∂mWv \sΩ-°p-dn®v BK-ln-°p-∂Xv

(ImWpI tbml-∂m≥ 13:35; Fs^. 4:3; sImsem

13:13,14).

Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ ]d-bp∂ ASn-ÿm\ D]-tZi

ho£Ww D≈ k` D]-tZiw ]q¿Æ-ambpw AwKo-I-

cn-°p-∂-hsc amXsa AwK-ß-fm-°p-hm≥ ]mSp≈q

amX-a√ k -bpsS DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ßƒ Aß-s\-bp-≈-

h¿°v amXsa \¬Ip-hm≥ ]mSp-≈p, Aßs\ k`

AXns‚ D]-tZi]c-amb IrXyX F√m hniZmwiß

fnepw ImØp kq£n-°-Ww. amX-a√ a‰p bmYm-ÿn-

Xn-I-cmb hnizm-kn-Isf ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cmbn ImWp-

Ibpw k -bpsS c-W-Øn¬ A[n-Im-c-ap-≈-h¿ _p≤n-

tbmSp kl-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Bg-

tadnb Iq´mbva (aq-∏-∑m-cn-sem-cm-fm-bnt´m k¨tU

kvIqƒ A≤ym-]-I-\m-bnt´m th¿Xn-cn-°p-I) D]-tZ-i-

]-c-ambn ]q¿ÆtbmPn-∏p-≈-h-cp-am-bnt´ ]mSp-≈p F∂

k`-bpsS D]-tZ-i-Øn\p tIm´w hcmØ \ne-bn¬

a‰p≈ bmYm-ÿn-XnI hnizm-kn-I-fp-ambn BflnI

Iq´m-bva-I-fn¬ kl-I-cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. (DZm: bmYm-

ÿn-XnI ss__nƒ k`-I-fpsS kl-I-c-Ww,

_m]v‰nÃv, ]nkv_n-t‰-dn-b≥ Imcn-kvam-‰n°v Iq -ßƒ

XpS-ßn-b-h. Hcp Bip-]Xn \S-Øp∂ ipiq-j-bnepw

ss_ _nƒhnX-c-W-ip-iq-j-bn-epw, InkvXob

tdUntbm ipiq-j-bnepw tN¿∂p ]h¿Øn-°p-hm≥

Ign-bpw).

2. k`m -in-£Ww

th¿]mSpw k`m-in-£-Whpw At\m\yw Ib-dn-°n-S-

°p∂ hnj-b-ß-fm-Wv. F∂m¬ Ah hn`n-∂-ß-fmb

hnj-b-ß-fpamWv. k`-bn-te°v Aip≤n ]th-in-

]q¿Æamb

Iq´mbva

H´pw Iq´mbva

C√

tcJm NnXw AHcn-an-®p≈

]h¿Ø-\-

an√

¢n]vX-

ImeØp≈

Iq´mbva

Bg-Ønep≈

kl-I-cWw

tcJm NnXw B

390

]nSn®p ]dn°mct\m BIp∂p F¶n¬

Aht\mSv kwk¿§w AcpXv (1 sImcn 11).

B ZpjvSs\ \nßfpsS CSbn¬ \n∂p

\o°n°fhn≥ (1 sImcn 5:13).

ktlmZc∑mtc, RßtfmSv ]m]n® ]amWw

hn´p IawsI´p \S°p∂ GXp ktlmZc

t\mSpw AI∂psImt≈Ww F∂p \ΩpsS

I¿Ømhmb tbipInkvXphns‚ \maØn¬

Rßƒ \nßtfmSv BPvRm]n°p∂p

(2 sX . 3:6).

Cu teJ\Ønep≈ RßfpsS hm°v

A\pkcn°mØh≥ \mWnt°≠Xn\v Ah

t\mSp≈ kwk¿§w hn´p Ahs\ thdpXncn

∏n≥. F¶nepw iXp F∂p hnNmcn°msX

ktlmZc≥ F∂psh®p Ahs\ _p≤nbp]

tZin°bsX th≠Xv(2 sXk . 3:14˛15).

k`bn¬ `n∂X hcpØp∂ a\pjyt\mS v

H∂vc≠v h´w _p≤n]d™ tijw Ahs\

Hgn°; Cßs\bp≈h≥ hI_p≤nbmbn

]m]w sNbvXp Xs∂Øm≥ Ip‰w hn[n®ncn

°p∂p F∂p \n\°v Adnbmat√m

(XotØm. 3:10- 11).

ssZh-h-N\w in£-W-Øn\p A\p-aXn \¬Ip∂p

F∂ amX-a√ AXv Iev]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. km[m-c-W-

bmbn tIƒ°p∂ Hcp ]iv\w, in£-Whpw

kvt\lhpw tN¿∂p t]mIp-∂n-s√-∂m-Wv. F∂m¬

ssZhw Xm≥ kvt\ln-°p∂hsc- in£n-°p-∂p (F-

_m-b¿ 12:15 ff). bYm¿∞ kvt\lw kXy-w

kwkmcn°p∂p(1 sImcn 13:6). AXv ssZh-Øns‚

Iev]\ A\p-k-cn-°p-∂p. kXy-Øn¬ a‰p-f-f-hsc

kvt\ln-°p-∂-h¿ Ft∏mgpw sX‰p Xncp-Ø¬ BK-

ln-°p∂p Imc-Ww Ah-cpsS PohnXßƒ ]m]-Øm¬

lm\n hcp-hm≥ BK-ln-°p-∂n-√. ssZh-Øns‚ sX‰p

Xncp-Ø¬ Xs‚ kvt\l-sØbpw \ΩpsS BXy-¥nI

\∑-sbbpw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xp-t]msebpw(F-_m-b¿

12:10˛11) amXm-]n-Xm-°-fpsS inip-hn-t\m-Sp-ff in£Ww

AXns‚ t£a-Øn-\p-th≠n Bbn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse

bpw k -bpsS in£-Ww sX‰p -sNbvX Bfns‚ a\w-

Xn-cn-hn\pw \∑bv°pamWv.

b. in£-W-Øn-\p≈ ssZh- h-N-\-Ønse Imc-W-ßƒ

Hcp k`m hnizm-knsb k` in£n-°p-Itbm ]pd-Øm-

°p-Itbm sNøp-tºmƒ k`-°p-≈n¬\n∂p Xs∂

FXn¿∏p-≠m-Ip-hm-\p≈ km[y-X-bp-≠v. AXp-sIm≠v

k`-bpsS in£-WØns‚ A\nhmcyXs°pdn®v

icnbmbn Adntb≠Xv ][m\amWv. in£Ww \S-

Øp-hm-\p≈ H∂m-asØ ImcWw, ssZhw AXp

Iev]n-®-Xp-sIm-≠mWv. B[p-\nI ImeØv, in£Ww

\S∏nem°m≥ CXv aXnbmb ASnÿm\ambncnt°

≠XmWv. F∂ncp∂mepw c≠maXmbn ]utemkv

""Hcp \√ B∏nƒ apgph≥ ho∏tbbpw Agp°p ]nSn∏n

°p∂p'' F∂Xn\p kam\amb Hcp ]pcmX\ ssien

]Zm\w sNøp∂p. CXv sImcn¥y¿°pw KemXy¿°pw

Hcp kp`mjnXw AYhm ]amWhN\ambncn°p∂p

Xm\pw.

Akmcw ]pfnamhv ]nWvUsØ apgph\pw

]pfn∏n°p∂p F∂p Adnbp∂pthm? \nßƒ

]pfn∏n√mØhcmbncn∏m≥ X°hÆw ]pXnb

]nWvUw BtI≠Xn\v ]gb ]pfnamhns\

\o°n°fhn≥(1 sImcn. 5:6˛7).

Akmcw ]pfnamhv ]nWvUsØ apgph\pw

]pfn∏n°p∂p(KemXy¿ 5:9).

k -bpsS in£W Imcy-ß-fn-ep≈ Dt]£, k -bpsS

hnip-≤n°p amc-I-amb £X-ta¬∏n-°pw. Akm-

∑m¿KnI ]m]sam Zpcp-]-tZ-isam H∂pw k` kln-

°p-hm≥ ]mSn-√, ImcWw AXv k`sb aen-\-s∏-Sp-

Øpw. ]g-btXm ]pXn-btXm GXp Ime-L- -ß-fnepw

a¬kcn-Ifmb Bfp-Iƒ Fgp-t∂‰v k`-bpsS [m¿

ΩnI \s -√ns\ ]co-£n-°pw. k` ho≠pw ho≠pw

hf™psImSp-Øm¬, AXv k -bpsS hnizmkyXsb

\jvS-am-°p-sa∂p amX-a√ GXp kz`m-h-sØbpw k -

sh-®p-s]m-dp-∏n-°p-sa-∂p≈ sX‰mb [mcW (]-tXy-

In®v ]pXp-Xmbn apt∂m´p hcp∂ Xe-ap-d-bn¬)

D≠mIpw. in£Ww \S∏mt°≠ Hcp k` [m¿ΩnI

XbpsS ImcyØn¬ ""Hcp ssien''sb∂ \nebnte°v

A[x]Xn°pItbbp≈q; AhnsS F¥pthWsa¶n

epw \S°pat√m. A F∂ hnjbØn¬ k` Ab™p

sImSpØm¬ Xn¿®bmbpw as‰mcmƒ B. F∂ hnjb

hpambn k`sb ]co£n°pw. imk\bpw in£bpw

t\Smhp∂ ]m]ambn Hcp ]m]sØbpw IW°m°p

∂ns√¶n¬, Xm≥ ""hnizmknbmWv'' F∂p t]¿

]dbp∂ Hcmfm¬Xs∂ F√m ]m]hpw k`bn¬

ActßdpIXs∂ sNøpw

k`bn¬ in£Ww \SØntb aXnbmhq F∂p ]dbp

∂Xns‚ aq∂masØ ImcWw, CXv CS¿®hcpØnb

h\p \∑bmbn `hn°m≥ Ignbpw F∂XmWv. Hcp

hkvXpX Xpd∂p kΩXn°s´! AXmbXv in£Whn

t[b\mbp≈ Hcmsf, thsd k`Iƒ ]et∏mgpw

""bmsXmcp tNmZyhpw tNmZn°msXXs∂'' ssIs°m

≈p∂Xv, in£Ww hy‡nbn¬ km∑m¿§nIamb

am‰w hcpØpsa∂ ]Xo£bv°p aßte¬∏n°p∂


391

]hWXbmWv. F¶nepw ssZhw lrZbØn¬ hmgp

∂p. amXa√ am\km¥cw Dfhm°phm≥ in£W

sØ Hcp apJm¥cambn ssZhw D]tbmKn°p∂p.

ktlmZc∑mtc, Hcp a\pjy≥ h√ sX‰nepw

AIs∏´p t]msb¶n¬ BfloIcmb \nßƒ

Aßs\bp≈hs\ kuayXbpsS Bflmhn

¬ bYmÿm\s∏SpØphn≥; \obpw ]co£

bn¬ AIs∏SmXncn∏m≥ kq£n®psImƒI

(KemXy¿ 6:1).

GXp in£bpw XXv°mew kt¥mjIca√;

ZpxJIcasX F∂p tXm∂pw; ]n∂tØXntem

AXn\m¬ A`ymkw h∂h¿°v \oXn F∂

kam[m\êw e`n°pw(F_mb¿ 12:11).

DZcØns‚ AdIfnte°v sN√p∂ X√pw s]m

ńt]mIØ° ASnbpw tZmjsØ ASn®p

hmcn Ifbp∂p(kZriyhmIyßƒ. 20:30).

kvt\lnX≥ hcpØp∂ apdnhpIƒ hniz

kvX XbpsS ew; iXphns‚ Npw_\ßtfm

IW°ne[nIw (kZriyhmIy ßƒ 27:6).

k`bnse A®S°\S]SnbpsS e£yw in£n°pIb

√. Hcp k` A®S°w \SØm≥ Iq´m°mXncp∂m¬

AXns‚ ]cm-Pbw Imcy-ßƒ IqSp-X¬ hj-fm-°p-I-

tb-bp-≈p. sX‰p-Im-c≥ A\pX]n°m≥ Xmev]cyw

Ipdbpw, a‰p ]m]ßfn¬ k` hn´phogvN sNøptam

F∂v ]co£n°p∂Xn\v a‰p≈h¿ apXncpw. [m¿ΩnI

kz`mhw k`bv°p \jvS-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ k`-tbm-Sp≈

_lp-am\w \jvS-am-Ipw. k`bv°v i‡-amb [m¿ΩnI

\ne-hmcw D≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂v Ahn-izm-kn-Ifpw

]Xo-£n-°p-∂p. apI-fn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xns\°mƒ

F√mw tami-amb Imcyw CXv ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ A\p-

k-c-W-t°Spw X∑qew ssZh-]-kmZw \jvS-am-Im≥

Imc-W-hp-am-Ip-∂p F∂XmWv.

c. in£Ww \S-tØ≠ Ip‰-ßƒ

ktlmZc∑mtc \nßƒ ]Tn® D]tZiØn\v

hn]coXamb Zzµ]£ßsfbpw CS¿®Isf

bpw D≠m°p∂hsc kq£n®psImt≈W

sa∂p Rm≥ \nßtfmSv ]t_m[n∏n°p∂p.

AhtcmSv AI∂pamdphn≥. Aßs\bp≈h¿

\ΩpsS I¿Ømhmb InkvXphns\b√, Xß

fpsS hb‰ns\bsX tkhn°pIbpw N°chm

°pw apJkvXpXnbpw ]d™p km[p°fpsS

lrZbßsf h©n°pIbpw sNøp∂p

(tdma¿ 16:17˛18).

Zp¿∂S∏pImtcmSv kwk¿§w AcpXv F∂p

Rm≥ Fs‚ teJ\Øn¬ FgpXo´p≠t√m.

AXv temIØnse F√m Zp¿\S∏pImtcmtSm

hnKlmcm[nItfmtSm AcpXp F∂√t√m;

Aßs\sb¶n¬ \nßƒ temIw hn´p

t]mtI≠nhcpw. F∂m¬ ktlmZc≥ F∂p

t]¿s]´ Hcph≥ Zp¿\S∏pImct\m AXymK

lntbm hnKlmcm[ntbm hmhnjvTmW°cm

t\m, aZy]t\m ]nSn®p]dn°mct\m BIp

∂p F¶n¬ Aht\mSv kwk¿§w AcpXv.

Aßs\ bp≈ht\mSpIqsS `£Ww Ign°

t]mepw AcpXv F∂sX Rm≥ \nßƒ°v

FgpXnbXv (1 sImcn¥y¿ 5:9˛11,13).""B

ZpjvSs\ \nßfpsS CSbn¬\n∂p \o°n

°fhn≥''(1 sImcn. 5:9- 11, 13).

ktlmZc∑mtc, RßtfmSp ]m]n® ]amWw

hn´p IawsI´p \S°p∂ GXp ktlmZc

t\mSpw AI∂psImt≈Ww F∂p \ΩpsS

I¿Ømhmb tbipInkvXphns‚ \maØn¬

Rßƒ \nßtfmSv BPvRm]n°p∂p..... Cu

teJ\Ønep≈ RßfpsS hm°v A\pkcn

°mØh≥ \mWnt°≠Xn\v Aht\mSp≈

kwk¿§w hn v Ahs\ thdpXncn∏n≥ F¶n

epw iXp F∂p hnNmcn°msX ktlmZc≥

F∂psh®p Ahs\ _p≤nbp]tZin°

bsX th≠Xv(2 sX . 3:6, 14- 15).

k`bn¬ `n∂X hcpØp∂ a\pjyt\mSv

H∂pc≠p h´w _p≤n]d™ tijw Ahs\

Hgn°; Cßs\bp≈h≥ hI_p≤nbmbn ]m

]w sNbvXp Xs∂Øm≥ Ip‰w hn[n®ncn°p∂p

F∂p \n\°v Adnbmat√m (XotØm. 3:10- 11).

Hcmsf in£WØn\p hnt[b\m°p∂ Ip‰-ß-fn¬

Xmsg-∏-d-bp-∂-hbpw Dƒs∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. Zp¿∂-S∏v

AXym-Klw, hnK-lm-cm-[-\, hmhn-jvTm-Ww, aZy-]m\w,

]nSn-®p-]dn, `n∂X D≠m-°p-I, Iogvs∏-SmsX Pohn-

°p-I, As∏m-kvX-enI D]-tZ-itØmSp≈ A\pkc

Wt°Sv. F∂m¬ Ipe-]m-X-I-∑m¿, ab-°p-a-cp∂v I®-

hSw sNøp-∂-h¿, K¿ -NnZw \S-Øp∂ Bip-]Xn \S-

Øp-∂-h¿ XpS-ßn-b-hsc Iq´m-bva-bn¬ \n∂p am‰n

\n¿Ø-W-sa∂p ss__nƒ ]d-™n-ń-s√∂p-≈Xv

it≤-b-am-Wv. ChnsS As∏m-kvX-e-\mb ]u-semkv

]mXn-\n[yw hln-°p∂ hnj-b-ß-fmWv \¬In-bn-cn-

°p-∂-Xv. A√msX F√m ]m]-ß-fp-sSbpw kºq¿Æ-

amb Hcp ]ńI \¬Ip-I-bm-bn-cp-∂n-√. k` in£W

\S]SnIƒ°v B⁄m]mXw \¬IØ°hÆap≈

Ip‰ßfpsS kºq¿Æamb Hcp ]ńIbn√. in£W


392

\S]Sn°p≈ ASnÿm\w Ip‰IrXyßfpsS kz`mh

sØ Bibn®ncn°p∂psh∂p hy‡amIp∂p.

s]mXphmbn, KpcpXcambXpw G‰p]d™pt]£n°m

ØXpamb GXp]m]hpw in£WØn\p \nZm\amWv.

k`bnse A[nImcnIfpsS hnebncpØen¬ AXv,

Iq´mbvabn¬\n∂v AI‰n \n¿Øm≥ aXnbmb

Kuchtadnb Hcp ]m]ambn ]cnKWn°s∏Sp∂p.

d. k`m-in-£Ww \S-∏m-°¬

(1) A[n-Im-c-Øn-ep≈ hy‡n-Iƒ

k`m in£W \S-]-Sn-Iƒ F√m-bn-t∏mgpw k`bv°v

]bm-k-I-c-amb Ahÿ krjvSn-°p∂ Hcp t]Sn-

kz]v\w t]mse-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂p. (A-s√-¶n¬ s]s´-

∂p≈ am\-km-¥cw D≠m-I-Ww). ASn-ÿm\]camb-

\S]SnI-a-ß-fn¬ Hcp k` Hcp ]q¿Æ-amb tbmPn∏n

seØnbn- n-s√-¶n¬ Imcy-ßƒ IqSp-X¬ tami-ambn

Øocp-hm-\p≈ km[y-X-bp≠v. CXv in£-W-Øn-\p-

tijw km[m-cW tIƒ°p∂ ]cm-Xn-bmb ]£-

]mXw Im´n-sb∂pw AXns\ XpS¿∂p≈ Bi-b-Ip-

g-∏-Øn\pw Imc-W-am-Ipw. kXy-k-‘Xb\pkcn®v,

`cWLS\bv°pw AXns‚ D]\nbaßƒ°pw hnt[

bambn ]h¿Øn°p∂ Hcmƒ AXns‚ \S]SnIaß

fpw AtX]Sn ]n≥XpScpw F∂Xv icnbmWt√m(AXv

XncpshgpØn\v A\pKpWambncn°p∂nStØmfw).

AXpsIm≠v, XncphN\]Imchpw ]mtbmKnIambpw

tbmKycmb aq∏∑mcpsS ssIIfn¬ k`bpsS A®S

°\S]SnIfpsS DØchmZnØw G¬∏n°m≥ aXnbmb

\ymbßfp≠v (Im-WpI As∏m: 20:28ff). sN∂m-

bv°sf HmSn-°p-hm-\p≈ A[n-Imcw aq∏-∑m¿°v Cs√-

¶n¬ Ah¿°v Fßs\ B´n≥Iq- sØ sN∂mbv°

fn¬ \n∂pw kwc£n°phm≥ Ign-bpw. ho≠pw

\n£n]vXambncn°p∂ A[nImcw D]tbmKs∏SpØp

hm≥ AhImiw e`n°pIbmsW∂ Bibw tZymXn

∏n°s∏Sp∂p. Zpjv]-h¿Øn-°m-cn¬ \n∂ k`sb

c£n-°-W-sa∂p ssZhw aq∏-∑m-sc-°p-dn®v BK-ln-

°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v ssZhw BK-ln-°p-∂Xv

Ah¿°v Zpjv]-h¿Øn-°msc am‰p-hm-\p≈ A[n-

Imcw D≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa-∂m-Wv.

Cu ssZh hN\ kXy-ßƒ IqSmsX in£Ww \S-

Øp-hm≥ aq∏-∑m¿°v A[n-Imcw \¬Ip∂ Nne

]mtbm-KnI]cn-K-W-\-I-fp-ap-≠v. k`m in£-W-Øn¬

ITn-\-amb Xocp-am-\-ß-sf-Sp-°p-hm\pw AXns‚ ]c-

Wn-X- -e-ßƒ A\p- -hn-°p-hm-\p≈ ss[cyw Bh-

iy-am-Wv. GXp k -bn-embmepw At\-I¿°pw Xß-

fpsS kvt\ln-X-cpƒs∏´ hnj-b-Øn¬ icn-bmb hn[n

\S-Øp-hm≥ hnIm-c-]-c-amb kao-]\w \nanØw km[n-

°p-∂n√. IqSmsX Hcp k - sam-Ø-ambn in£W \S

]Snsb°pdn®v hmZ-]-Xn-hm-Z-ßƒ \S-Øp-Ibpw AXn

s‚ sFIyw ImØp kq£n-°p-Ibpw sNbvhm\p≈

km[yX hfsc hnZq-c-am-Wv. in£-WsØ Hcp s]mXp

XXz-am-bn- mWv ss__nƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv; ]tXyI

hnj-b-ß-fn¬ AXv \n¿t±ißƒ \¬Ip-∂n-√ F∂p

hy‡w. bYm¿∞Øn¬ in£Whnt[b\mb hy‡n

Ip‰°mc\mtWm F∂v Bsc¶nepw Xocpam\nt®

]‰q. in£WØn\p aXnbmb ]m]amtWm A√tbm

F∂pw Bsc¶nepw Xocpam\saSptØ aXnbmhq.

Abmƒ°v A\pXm]am\km¥cßƒ D≠mtbm

F∂Xpw Xocpam\n°s∏SWw. ]ckyamb G‰p]d®n¬

Abmfn¬\n∂p thWtam F∂pw Xocpam\nt° Ww.

in£Ww F]Imcambncn°Wsa∂v IrXyam bn

Bsc¶nepsamcmƒ Xocpam\nt® aXnbmhq. Hcp

sNdnb hn`mKw `‡cmb \SØn∏pIm¿ hkvXpXI

sf \∂mbn ]cntim[n® tijamWv \S]SnIaßƒ,

F¶n¬t∏mepw Cu Xocpam\ßƒ Ffp∏a√. \qdp

IW°n\p hcp∂ k`mhnizmknIsf Imcyßƒ

\∂mbn Adnbn®p; t_m[ys∏SpØn; apJ]£an√m

Ø hn[n \S∏m°p∂Xpw AXpt]mseXs∂ k`

H∂S¶w tN¿∂ph∂v bmsXmcp Ibvt∏m `n∂Xtbm

D≠mImsX in£Ww \S∏nem°msa∂Xpw tIhew

Akm≤yXbv°v ASpsØØn \nev°p∂XmsW∂pw

]d™psIm≈s´. aØmbn 18˛17˛¬ ""k`tbmSv

Adnbn°'' F∂p ]d™ncn°p∂Xv k`bpsS

]Xn\n[nIfmb A[nImcnIfpsSbSptØ°v hnjbw

sIm≠psN√pI F∂ A¿∞ØnemWv(aq∏∑mcpsS

bSpØv). A√msX, k` H∂S¶ap≈ Bhiys∏Sp∂

Xmbncn°pt∂bn√.

(2) \S]Sn IaßfpsS ][m\ t]mbn‚pIƒ

]£]mXclnXambn thWw in£Ww \SØphms\

∂mWp ss__nƒ B⁄m]n°p∂Xv. Hcp Iq´tcmSv

]XnImc_p≤ntbmsS ITn\ambn CSs]SpIbpw,

KuchXcamb ]m]w sX√pw t]SnIqSmsX sNbvhm≥

ss[cys∏´ Iq´tcmSv A\p`mhap≈XpsIm≠v hn´p

hogvNmat\m`mhtØmsS s]cpamdpIbpw sNøphm≥

]mSn√.

Chbpw ⁄m\nbpsS hmIyßƒ. \ymb hnkv

XmcØn¬ apJZm£nWyw \∂√

(kZri. 24:23).

]m]w sNøp∂hsc tijap≈h¿°pw `b

Øn\mbn F√mhcpw tIƒs° imkn°. \o

]£ambn H∂pw sNøX I≠v kn≤m¥w

IqSmsX Ch ]amWn®p sImt≈Ww F∂v

Rm≥ ssZhsØbpw InkvXphns\bpw ti

jvTZqX∑mtcbpw km£nbm°n \nt∂mSv Iev

]n°p∂p (1 Xnsam 5:20˛21).


393

Bgtadnb ]m]Øn¬ \n]Xn® Hcp k`mwKØns\

Xntc k`bpsS A[nImcnIƒ ap≥ssI FSp°p∂

in£WØns‚ Imcyw; kmt¶XnIambn, aØmbn

18:15˛17 ¬ Dƒs∏Sp∂n√. Hcp hnizmkn as‰mcmƒs°

Xntc D≠m°nb kzImcyhyk\sØ kw_‘n®m

Wv Cu `mKØp ]dbp∂Xv. Imem¥tc B hnjbw

k` ssIImcyw sNøp∂Xn\mbn sIm≠ph∂p.

AXpsIm≠v, F√mØcw ]iv\ßƒ°pw aØmbn

18˛¬ ]dbp∂ AtX \S]SnIaßtfmsS k` in£

WIaßƒ \SØWsa∂v Hcp A\pimk\w Bbn

cn°p∂n√. hfsc KuchXcamb kmlNcyßfn¬

Hcp k`, Hcp ]t£, Hcmgv°p≈n¬Øs∂ ]nf¿

s∂∂p hcmw. Aßs\bmbm¬ k`mt\XrXzØn\v

AXnthKw Xocpam\ßf\pkcn®p \oßm\p≈ Ah

Imiw D≠mbncnt°≠XmWv. amXa√, km£nIfn

√msX ]mcw`ambn kzImcym`napJw \SØp∂

coXnbpw Hcp _meniamb ]h¿Ø\X¥amsb∂p

hcmw. ImcWw, CSb¿®bp≠m°nb hy‡n Cu

kzImcykw`mjWsØ°pdn®v k`sb Ieln∏n°p

∂Xn\pth≠n I≈w ]dbm\p≈ km≤yXbp≠v.

F∂ncp∂mepw, aØmbn 18:15˛17 thZ`mKw k`min£

WImcyßfn¬ ]mtbmKnIam°mhp∂XmWv.

amXa√, km[ysa¶n¬ Aßs\Xs∂ sNtø≠

XpamWv.

\ns‚ ktlmZc≥ ]nsg®m¬ \o sN∂v \obpw

Ah\pw amXw D≈t∏mƒ Ip‰w Ah\v

t_m[w hcpØpI ; Ah≥ \ns‚ hm°v

tI´m¬ \o ktlmZcs\ t\Sn. tIƒ°m™m

tem c≠v aq∂v km£nIfpsS hmbm¬ kIe

Imcyhpw Dd∏nt°≠nX\v H∂p c≠pt]sc

Iq´ns°m≠v sN√pI. Ahsc Iq´m°m™m¬

Ah≥ \n\°v ]pdPmXn°mc\pw Np¶°mc\pw

F∂ t]mse Ccn°s´(aØmbn. 18:15˛17).

Hcp KuchXcamb Hcp ]m]w kw`hn°pIbpw

As√¶n¬ B ]m]sØ°pdn®v Bcpw ]cmXntbm

Ip‰mtcm]Wtam t_m[n∏n°mXncn°pIbpw

sNøptºmƒ, k`bpsS NpaXe°mc\mb Hcp aq∏≥

B Ip‰IrXyØm¬ tZmjw A\p`hnt°≠nh∂

I£nbpsS `mKØp\n∂psIm≠v ]h¿Øn°p∂

Xn\pw kzImcyambn Hcp G‰p]d®n¬ shfnbn¬

hcpØphm≥ ian°p∂Xn\p≈ km[yX Xo¿®bm

bpw D≠v. kzImcy A`napJw \n¿hymPambn ]m]w

G‰p]dbp∂Xnte°p \bn°pIXs∂ sNøpsa∂p

]Xo£n°mw. B hy‡n B ZpjvsNbvXn Ahkm\n

∏n®v ]n¥ncnbpIbpw sNøpw. At∏mƒ∏ns∂

IqSpX¬ \S]SnIƒ Bhiyhpan√.

]m]w sNbvXp F∂p≈Xv Xo¿®bmbncn°pIbpw,

AtX°pdn®v bmsXmcp A\pXm]hpw BZysØ

kzImcy A`napJØn\ptijw D≠mIp∂pans√¶n¬

]ns∂, Iq´mbvabn¬\n∂p am‰p∂Xn\p apºv

c≠masXmcp iahpw \SØWw. Hcmƒ X\ntb

sN∂v At±lsØ ImWp∂ coXnbmWv Ahew_n®

sX¶n¬t∏mepw c≠masXmcp ap∂dnbn∏v \¬tI≠

XmWv(XotØm. 3:10 t\m°pI). BZysØ A`napJ

Øn\p sXm´p]n∂msebmWv c≠masØ A`napJsa

∂p h∂mepw Aßs\ sNtø≠XmWv. Hcp Ip‰mtcm

]Ww hnizkn°Ø°XmsW∂p IcpXp∂Xn\papºv

c≠paq∂p km£nIƒ D≠mbncn°Wsa∂ ASn

ÿm\XXzw ss__nƒ \¬Ip∂pap≠v(ImWpI

kJy. 35:30; Bh¿Ø\w 19:15; 2 sImcn 13:1; 1 Xnsam.

5:19). aØmbn 18:16˛¬ ]d™ncn°p∂ km£nIƒ

Ip‰°mcs‚ sX‰n\p km£nIfmtWmsb∂pw,

AtXm Ip‰w t_m[yam°phm≥ \SØnb c≠masØ

iaØns‚ km£nIfmtWmsb∂pw hy‡a√. Cu

c≠p \nebnepap≈ km£nIfpw k` in£Ww

\SØp∂ Hcp hnjbØn¬ k∂nlnXcmbncnt°≠

XmWv. Ip‰w kw_‘n®v aXnbmb sXfnhv D≠mbncn

°Ww. X∑qew in£Ww shdpw Btcm]WØns‚

shfn®ØnembnØocpIbn√. Iq´mbvabn¬\n∂v

am‰p∂Xn\papºv kvt\ltØm SpIqSnb iaØneqsS

Ip‰w sNbvX hy‡nsb am\km¥cØnte°p sIm

≠phcphm≥ ian®p F∂p km£yw ]dbphm≥ km

£nIƒ°v IgnbWw. A`napJØn¬sh®v Fs¥√mw

]d™p F∂pw Fs¥√mw ]d™n√msb∂pw Cu

km£nIƒ°v ]dbphm≥ Ignbpw.

k` in£W\S]SnIƒ \SØp∂ Imcyßfn¬ k`

H∂S¶w IrXy\n¿∆lWkanXnsbt∂mWw Bbncn

t°≠ Bhiyans√¶nepw, in£WIaßƒ \S∂

kabØv k` AXp i≤nt°≠Xv Bhiyambn

hcpw. aq∏∑m¿(CSb∑m¿) sN∂mbv°fn¬ \n∂v

BSp Isf kwc£n°m\mKln°ps∂¶n¬, Ahsb

Xncn®dnbm≥ Ah¿°p IgnbWw. hy‡amb ap∂dn

bn∏v \¬Inbns√¶n¬ kwiban√mØ hnizmknIƒ

bYm¿∞Øn¬ hfsc Zpjv]IrXnbp≈ HcmfpsS

N°chm°pIfm¬ h©n°s∏´p t]mIm\nSbp≠v

(ImWpI k¶o¿Ø \w 28:3, kZriw: 26:25).

Bsc¶nepw KpcpXcamb ]m]w sNbvX Ip‰hmfnbm

bncn°bpw AtX°pdn®v A\pX]n°mXncn°bpw

sNøptºmƒ, k`sb Xm°oXp sNtø≠XmsW∂p

amXa√, Iq´mbvabn¬\n∂v am‰p∂XneqsS k`

in£WØn¬ ]¶psIm≈pIbpw thWw. ]pcmX\

blqZacymZb\pkcn®v in£WØn≥Iogmbncn

°p∂ Hcmƒ, BflnI _p≤yp]tZiØn\v,


394

d∫namcpambn kzImcy kw`mjtWmtZyißƒ°p

th≠n amXta kn∂ptKmKn¬(]≈n) kw_‘n

°m≥ Ignbpambncp∂p≈q. bYmÿm\e£yß

tfmsS kn∂tKmKnte°p hcp∂X√msX, Ip‰w

sNbvXbmfns\ ipiqjIfn¬ kzoIcn®ncp∂n√.

amXa√, Ahs‚ km[mcW kmaqlnI_‘ßƒ

hnt—Zn°pIbpw sNbvXncp∂p. AwKßƒ Ahs\

BfloIt\Xm°∑mcpsS ASpØv D]tZiØn\mbn

B\bn®ncp∂p.

in£WØnembncn°p∂ HcmfpsS ImcyØn¬ ]u

temkv CXpt]msebp≈ Hcp ho£WamWv kzoIcn

®ncn°p∂Xv. F√m s]cpam‰hpw acymZtbmSpw kuay

XtbmSpw IqsSbmbncn°Ww, iXphmbn°mWmsX

sX‰psNbvX Hcp ktlmZc\mbn°mWWw(2 sX .

3:15). F¶nepw sX‰n\p am‰w hcWsa∂ i‡amb

\n¿_‘at\m `mhw D≠mbncn°Ww. ]m]w

kXyk‘ambn G‰p ]dbp∂Xphsc km[mcW

_‘ßƒ ]p\cmcw`n°p hm≥ Ignbp∂X√.

Ip‰w sNbvX hy‡n ]ckyambn G‰p ]dbtWm

F∂ ImcyØn¬ Aev]w Abhp≠mbncn °Ww.

]Ya]cnKW\, G‰p]d®n¬ \SØp∂Xv, ssZh

tØmSmbncn°Wsa∂XmWv. AXv \S°p∂psh¶n¬

]ckyamb G‰p]d®n¬ AXymihyamsW∂p ]cnK

Wn°pItbm ]cnKWn°mXncn°pItbm sNømw.

hnthI]q¿Æamb Hcp s]mXpXXzw, Hcp ]m]w

GsXmcfhn¬ ]cs° Adnbs∏´pthm, FXamXw

Zqchym]Iamb lm\n hcpØntbm, AtXbfhn¬

AXv G‰p]d™ncn°Wsa∂XmWv. Xo¿®bmbpw

icnbmb A\pXm]ap≠mb Hcmƒ KpcpXcamb Hcp

]m]Øns‚ ZpcnXw t\cn´\p`hn®htcmsS¶nepw

Ipd™]£w G‰p]dtb≠XmWv. ]ckyamb G‰p

]d®n¬ Ip‰w sNbvXbmfn\v hfsc \√ Hcp "tcmKNn

In’'bmbncn∏m≥ Ignbpsa∂ kq£t_m[w k`m

\SØn∏pIm¿°pw D≠mbncnt°≠XmWv. \mWn∏n

°p∂ Hcp in£tb°mƒ, Ip‰t_m[w amdphm\pw

F√m k`mwKßfpsSbpw BZchv bYmÿm\s∏Sp

hm\pw CXv klmbIcamImw.

in£WØnembncn°p∂ hy‡nbpsS _‘p°sf

°pdn®v Nne Imcyßƒ ]dbphm\p≠v. Cu Imcyw

ss__nƒ A`nkwt_m[\ sNbvXn´n√mØXmbn

´mWp ImWs∏Sp∂Xv. F∂m¬ in£WØns‚

e£yw in£n°pIb√ t\scbm°pI F∂mbXp

sIm≠v in£WØnembncn°p∂ hy‡nbpsS

_‘p°ƒ B hy‡ntbmSp≈ _‘Øn¬ IpSpw_

]camb ISaIƒ \nh¿Øn°pIbpw Bibhn\na

bØn\p≈ am¿§ßƒ Xpd∂nSpIbpw thWw. Hcp

DZmlcWsa∂ \nebn¬, aZy]m\w \nanØw

in£WØnemb hy‡nbpsS ktlmZc≥ XpS¿∂pw

Hcp \√ ktlmZc≥ Xs∂ Bbncn°Ww. Zp¿\S∏v

\nanØw in£WØnemb aIs‚ AΩ, Hcp

AΩsb∂p≈ Xs‚ _‘w th¿s∏SpØphm≥

]mSn√. Hcmƒ Ip‰°mc\mIp∂ kmlNcyØn¬

Cßs\bp≈ _‘ßƒ kulm¿±]ca√mXmIpI

tbm, \ne\n¿Øphm≥ ]bmkamhpItbm sNømw.

Hcp ]t£, KpcpXcamb ]m]w \nanØw IpSpw_

_‘w Xs∂ th¿]ncns™∂p hcmw. ChnsS

FSpØp ]dbm\mKln°p∂ Imcyw, in£WØn≥

Iogmbncn °p∂ Hcp _‘phnt\mSv DØchmZnØ

ßƒ \ndth‰phm≥ k` B IpSpw_bqWn‰ns\

(GIIw AYhm Ahn`mPyLSIw) t]m’mln

∏nt°Ww F∂p≈Xm Wv. ]iv\w B IpSpw_Øn\v

]cnlcn°m≥ Ignbp sa¶n¬ \∂v. Ip‰°mcs\

Iq´mbvabn¬\n∂v AI‰n \n¿Ømw. a‰p k`mwKß

ƒ°v AbmtfmSp klIcW ap≠mIcpXv. AtX

\nebn¬ AbmfpsS kz¥IpSpw _mwKßƒ "B

sIm≈cpXmØht\mSv' klIcWw C√mXncnt°≠

Bhiyhpan√. Aßs\sbmcp ImgvN∏mSv k`bv°p

≠mIphm≥ ]mSn√. B ]m]w IpSpw_Øns‚ Nm¿®

Isf XI¿°phm≥ X° Kuc hap≈XmsW¶nepw,

HutZymKnIambn k` AØcw hn≈ens\ IpSpw_

Øns‚ C—m\pkcWamb ImcyamsW∂p ho£n

®m¬ aXn. k` CSs]tS≠ hnjbambn ImtW

≠Xn√.

e. k`min£Ww kw_‘n® D]kwlmc Nn¥Iƒ

k`m]kwKn 8:11˛¬ ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv, Hcp AXnIaw

kw`hn®mepS≥ AXn\p≈ in£Ww \SØWsa

∂mWv. A√mØ]£w A\p_‘tZmjßƒ

Ipdbv°p∂Xn se ]tbmP\w AXp \jvSs∏SpØpw.

KuchXchpw G‰p]dbmØXpamb ]m]ßƒ°v k`

in£Ww \SØsWsa∂p ssZhhN\w Bhiys∏

Sp∂p. \oXnbp‡X A\phZn°p∂Xpt]mse

thKØn¬ in£Ww \n¿∆lnt°≠XmWv.

F. k`mNcnXw ˛ hnhn[ k`mhn`mKßƒ

k`mNcnXw kw_‘n®v GsX¶nepw hniZamb

]T\w ChnsS kapNnXa√. F∂ncp∂mepw hnhn[

k`mhn`mKßsf°pdn®v ASnÿm\]camb Npcp°w

Adnhp≠mbncn°p∂Xv klmbIcamWv. CXv

]WvUntXmNnXambn ]Tnt°≠ Xmev]cyhnjbam

sW∂p amXa√, Hcp ]mtZinI k`sb hy‡amb

th¿]mSp]men°p∂ ImcyØn¬ XpWbv°pIbpw

sNøp∂XtX.


395

BZnak` BZysØ Nne \q‰m≠pIfn¬ ImtXmen

Iambncp∂p(km¿∆XnIw F∂tX) F∂Xp

icnbmWv. F∂ncp∂mepw AXp tdma≥ ItØmen

°mk`bmbncp∂ns√∂p Xo¿®. ssIkvXh A[n

ImctIµßfmbnØo¿∂ \nch[n \Kcßƒ XpS°

Øn¬ D≠mbncp∂p:˛ sbcpitew, At¥ym°y,

tIm¨Ãm‚ nt\m∏nƒ, AeIvkm≠nb, tdmw

CXymZn. IncmXcmb Ih¿®mkwLßƒ C‰ensb

XI¿Øp \in∏n®t∏mƒ D≠mb A[nImchnShpIfn

te°v tdmanse k`mt\Xm°∑m¿ h¿≤nXamb

atXXcA[nImctØmsS Dƒ]thin®p. CXnep]cn

ap…ow BIaWßfmtem ojWnIfmtem tdmans‚

B[n]Xyw a‰p ]´Wßfnte°pw hym]n®p. B

]´WØnsems° InkvXobt\Xm°∑m¿ tdmans‚

i‡nsb sh√phnfn®p. As¥ym°y, AeIvkm

≠nbm, sbcpitew XpSßnbh ap…ow B[n]XyØn

s‚ Iognembn. tIm¨Ãm‚nt\m∏nƒ i‡n £bn®p.

]t£, tdmant\mSp ]q¿Æambn hnt[bs∏ń√.

tdma≥ ItØmen°mk`bpsS Bcw`sØ°pdn®v

s]m´Ã‚p NcnXImc∑m¿°v `n∂m`n]mbap≠v.

tdmanse k` At∏mkvXenI ImeL´Øn¬ Xs∂

Bcw`n®XmWv. Nne¿ CXv tdma≥ ItØmen°

aXØns‚ Bcwàmbn ImWp∂p. tdmant\mSp

FXn¿Øp\n∂ncp∂ Ing°p≈ a‰p ]´Wßsf

C…mw BIan®v Iogvs∏SpØnbXn\ptijamWv

InkvXobtemIØv tdmw ap≥Xq°w t\SnbsX∂p

hy‡amWv. a‰p InkvXob tIµßƒ XI¿°s∏´

Xp \nanØw temIØnse G‰hpw i‡amb k`bm

bnØocp∂Xphsc tdma≥ ItØmen°mk` C∂

sØ cq]Øn¬ Bcw`n®psh∂v At\Icpw ]cnKWn

°p∂n√.

Zpjn® tdma≥ ItØmen°m kºZmbØns\Xntc

s]m´Ã‚pk` Db¿∂p h∂Xv aq∂v ASnÿm\hnj

bßfnemWv. B aq∂p hnjbßƒ, tkmfm^nsU

(c£ hnizmkØm¬ amXw), tkmfmkvIn]v®dm

(ss__nƒ amXw) A√msX k`m]mcºcya√. F√m

hnizmknIfpsSbpw ]utcmlnXyw(F√m hnizmknI

ƒ°pw ssZhØn¶te°p Xpey]thi\ap≠v. bm

sXmcp am\pjnI a≤yÿs‚bpw Ipºkmcn∏n°p∂

]ptcmlnXs‚bpw Bhiyan√).

\hoIcWØn\v \mev ][m\imJIfp≠v. eqYd¨,

Im¬hn\nÃv, B•n°≥(Zn N¿®v Hm^v Cw•≠v),

A\m_m]v‰nÃv, samt\mss\‰pIfpw _m]v‰nÃpIm

cpw. Atacn°≥ sFIy\mSpIƒ H´\h[n k`mhn`m

KßfpsS XdhmSmbncn°p∂Xns‚ ][m\ImcWw

H´\h[n P\hn`mKßƒ°v AsXmcp Dcp°paqibm

Wv F∂p≈XmWv. bqtdm]y∑m¿ AhcpsS k`mhn`m

Kßfpw IqsSs°m≠mWp h∂Xv. Ahbn¬ ]eXpw

C∂pw D]tZi]cambn amXa√, hwiobamb \ncIfn

epw hyXykvXX ]pe¿Øp∂p. (DZm. U®v \hoIcW

kÌƒ°pw, Hm¿ØtUmIvkv ]kv_nt‰dnb≥

kÌfpw Ch¿ XΩn¬ ]et∏mgpw D]tZi]cambn

tbmPn°psa¶nepw C∂pw AIew hn´mWp \n¬°p

∂Xv. H∂v U®v at‰Xv kvtImńjv Cw•ojv). \hoIc

WØn¬ \n∂pcpØncn™ s]m´Ã‚pkÌfpsS

NcnX]camb ]ckv]c_‘ßƒ XpS¿∂p

\¬Ip∂ tcJmNcnXw shfns∏SpØp∂p:


396


eqYd¨

(eqY¿)

P¿Ω\n,

kvIm≥Unt\hnb

Im¬hn\nkw

(Im¬hn≥)

P¿Ω\n, tlmf≠v

kvtImé≠v,

kzn‰vk¿e≠v

InkvXp injy∑m¿

InkvXpkÌƒ

Atacn°bnse eqYd¨ k`

an udn kn\Uv

Atacn°≥ eqYd¨ N¿®v

hnkvtIm≥kn≥ Chm≥Pen°¬ epYd¨

samtdhnb≥

Atacn°bnse \hoIcW k`(U®v)

hSt° Atacn°bnse InkvXob \hoIcWk`(U®v)

]kv_nt‰dnb≥(kvt°m ve≠v ˛ t\m°vkv)

]kv_nt‰dnb≥k`(bp. Fkv. F)

]kv_nt‰dnb≥ N¿®v C≥ Atacn°

Hm¿ØtUmIvkv ]kv_nt‰dnb≥ k`

]nkv_nt‰dnb≥ ss__nƒ k`

hnhn[ k`m hn`mKßfpsS Bhn¿`mhw

P¿Ω\n, t\m¿th,

kzoU≥, U≥am¿°v

F∂nhnSßfn¬\n∂pw

hnhn[ ]gbIme eqYd¨

hn`mKßƒ ebn®p tN¿∂

Atacn°≥ kÌfp≠v

bqtdm∏n¬ Ct∏mgpw

hnhn[ ]kv_nt‰dnb≥

\hoIcW

hn`mKßfp≠v.

U®v \hoIcW k`bn¬

\n∂v c£bpsS `ZXsb

\ntj[n®v A¿an\kv

]pdØpNmSn. At±lw

tPm¨ sh…nsb

kzm[o\n®p

Chm≥Pen°¬k`bpw \hoIcWk`bpw

(P¿Ω≥) 1961˛¬ tIm¨KntKjW¬ N¿®pambn

ebn®v GIoIrXInkvXpk` cq]s∏´p.

397

N¿®v Hm v Cw•≠v

(Aw•n°≥)Im≥a¿,

em‚na¿, Pqh¬,

‰n≥sUb¬

F∏nkvtIm∏¬(bp.Fkv.F)

B^n°≥ saYUnÃv F∏nkvt°m∏¬ N¿®v

tIz°¿

]yqcn‰≥, tIm¨KntKjW¬, kzX¥¿

\mkdn≥

saYUnÃv(sh…n) A¿an\nbkn\m¬

kzm[o\n°s∏´p

B^n°≥ saYUnÃv F∏nkvt°m∏¬

kotbm¨ k`

bpssW‰Uv saYUnÃv(1968˛¬ saYUnÃv

k`bpw Chm≥Pen°¬ bpssW‰Uv

_Zd\pw ebn®ptN¿∂v cq]oIrXambn)

^o saYUnÃv

Zn sh…nb≥k`

c£mssk\yw

Chm≥Pen°¬ saYUnÃv

sat\mss\‰vkv (U®v sat\m kntΩm¨kv)

N¿®v Hm v Zn _Zd¨(P¿Ω≥)

Kbvkv _Zd¨

_m]v‰nÃv(Cw•≠v) U®v sat\mss\‰pImcpw

Cw•ojv tIm¨KntKjW¬ k`bpw

CcpIq´pw Chsc kzm[o\n®p

A\m_m]v‰nÃv

(tlmf≠v,

P¿Ω\n, ]n∂oSv

Cw•≠v)

Atacn°bn¬ Bcw`n® hn`mKßƒ: s]¥t°mkvXpk`Iƒ

Akwªnkv Hm v tKmUv, N¿®v Hm v tKmUv(3 cq]Ønep≈Xv)

InkvXy≥ anj\dn B‚ v Aeb≥kv, ss__nƒ N¿®kv


398


G. k` F∂ ]T\Øns‚ D]kwlmcw

InkvXphn¬ hnizkn°p∂h¿ Ah¿ GXp k`bn¬

s∏´hcmbmepw km¿∆XnI k`bpsS ÿncw AwK

ßfmWv. D¬]m]WkabØv Cu km¿hXnIk`

sb InkvXphns‚ aWhm´nsb∂ \nebn¬ mKyIc

amb \nXyXbv°mbn H∂n®ptN¿°pw. AXphsc

k`bpsS Hcp `mKw kz¿§Øn¬ hkn°pIbmbncn

°pw. AtXkabw `qanbn¬ ""Poht\msS tiJcn°p

∂h¿'' kXytØmSp hnizkvXcmbncn°pIbpw k`

bv°pth≠nbp≈ ssZhØns‚ ZuXyw ]q¿ØoIcn

°phm≥ ian°bpw sNtø≠XmWv. I¿Ømhns‚

hmKvZØØn¬ \n∂p t]m’ml\hpw ]Xymibpw

e`n°p∂p. ""Rm≥ Fs‚ k`sb ]Wnbpw ]mXmf

tKm]pcßƒ AXns\ Pbn°bn√'' (aØmbn 16:18).

399

A≤ymbw 12

FkvIt‰mfPn`mhnIme kw`hßsf∏‰nbp≈ D]tZiw

cq]-tcJI. apJ-hpc

II. k`m-hy-h-ÿ-bpsS ]T-\-Øn-\m-bp≈ hN\

]-Xo-£-Iƒ

III.DZv]m-]Ww Hcp X°-Xmb Nn¥m-[m-c-sb∂ \ne-

bn¬

A. `mhn-bn¬ Hcp "atlm-]-Z-h-Ime-'aps≠∂p

\ap°v Fß-s\-b-dnbmw?

B. alm-]o-U\w Ggp h¿jsØ Ime-b-f-hm-

sW∂p ]e ssZh--kvX-⁄-∑mcpw ho£n-

°p-∂Xv F¥p-sIm≠mWv?

C. `qan-bn-te°p InkvXp aS-ßn-h-cp-∂-Xn\p

ap≥]p alm-]o-U-\-Imew D≠m-bn-cn-°pw

D. DZv]m-]-Whpw InkvXp-hns‚ shfn-s∏Sepw

XΩn-ep≈ hyXymkw

1. sshcp≤yw H∂v

a. hnip-≤-∑msc kz¿§-Øn-te°p

sIm≠phcp∂Xn\p InkvXp aS-ßn-

h-cp-∂p

b. I¿Ømhp aS-ßn-h-cp-∂p, Ah\pw

hnip-≤-∑mcpw cmPyw Bkz-Zn°m≥

XpScp∂p

2. sshcp≤yw c≠v

a. I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-chv GXp ka-

bØpw kw -hn-°mw

b. AS-bm-f-ßfpw A¤p-X-ßfpw kphn-

tij]-tLm-jWhpw \S-°p-∂-Xp-

hsc I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-hchp \S-°p-I-

bn-√

3. sshcp≤yw aq∂v

a. I¿Ømhp a≤y-hm-\nte°p aS-ßn- -

hcp∂p

b. I¿Ømhp `qan-bn-te°p aS-ßn-h-cp-∂p

4. sshcp≤yw \mev

a. I¿Ømhns‚ hchn¬ hnip≤∑m¿°p

tXPkvIcn°s∏´ icocw e`n°p∂p

b. I¿Ømhns‚ aSßn hchn¬ cmPyw -

ÿm]n°s∏Sp∂p. hnip≤∑m¿ atlm]

ZhØn\p tijw `qanbn¬ h¿≤n®p

s]cpIp∂p

5. sshcp≤yw A©v

a. Xs‚ hnip≤∑msc FXntc¬°m≥

I¿Ømhv aSßn hcpw

b. I¿Ømhv Xs‚ hnip≤∑mcpambn

aSßnhcpw

IV.atlm-]-Z-h-Øn\p ap≥]p≈ DZv]m-]Ww

A. atlm-]-Z-h-Øn\p ap≥]p≈ DZv]m-]-W-Øn-

\p≈ ]mY-anI ]n≥XpW

1. DZv]m-]Ww Bk-∂-amWv

2. tImem-Sp-I-fn¬ \n∂p sNΩ-cn-bm-Sp-Isf

th¿Xn-cn-°¬

3. `qan-bn¬ ho≠pw s]‰p-s]cp-Ip∂Xn\p

hnip-≤-∑m¿ Ahti-jn-°p-∂n-√

4. ""`mKy-I-c-amb ]Xymi'-bv°m-bp≈

DZv]m-]Ww

5. k` atlm-]-Z-h-Øn¬ \n∂p kq£n-°-

s∏-Sp-∂psh∂p shfn. 3:10 hmKvZØw

sNøp-∂p

B. atlm-]-Z-h-Øn\p ap≥]p≈ DZv]m-]-W-Øn-

\p≈ c≠m-asØ ]n≥XpW

1. ssZh-tIm-[-Øn\p ]mX-amImØ k`

2. shfn-∏mSv 4:19 hsc-bp≈ A≤ym-b-ß-

fn¬ ""k`''-sb∂ ]Zw ImW-s∏-Sp∂n-√

3. Zm\o-tb-ens‚ BZy 69 BgvN-h- -Øn¬

Dƒs∏SmØ k` 70- mw BgvN-h- -Ønepw

Dƒs∏- p-Iq-Sm

4. shfn-∏mSv 4˛5 se 24 aq∏∑m¿ k -bpsS

]Xn-\n-[n-I-fm-sW-¶n¬, atlm-]-Z-h-

Im-eØp k` kz¿§-Øn-em-bncn-°pw

5. atlm-]-Z-h-Øn\p ap≥]v, XSp-°p-∂h≥

amdnt∏mIpw, k`bpw Aßs\

Xs∂-bmbn-cn-°pw

6. temIsØ _m[n-°p∂ \ymb-hn-[n°p

ap≥]p hnizm-kn-Iƒ amdn-t∏m-Ip-

∂-Xns‚ ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ

7. Ggp h¿jw AI-se-bm-sW¶n¬,

InkvXp-hns‚ hchp ip≤o-I-cn-°p∂

]Xym-i-b√

400

C. atlm-]-Z-h-Øn\p ap≥]p≈ DZv]m-]-W-

Øns‚ kwKlw

V. atlm-]-ZhØn\p tij-ap≈ hmZ-ßƒ JWvUn-

°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p

A. atlm-]-Z-hhn-ti-j-hm-Zn-Iƒ Ad Hominumkao-]-\tØmSv A\p-Iq-e-amWv

B. atlmZh]q¿∆-hmZw Xmc-X-tay\ kao-]-

-Im-e-tØ-Xm-sW∂p atlm-]-Z-h-tij-hm-Zn-

Iƒ hn[n-°p∂p

C. InkvXp-hns‚ Bk-∂-amb aS-ßn-h-c-hns‚

D]-tZisØ atlm-]-Z-h-tijhm-Zn-Iƒ \ntj-

[n-°p∂p

1. Bk-∂-amb DZv]m -]-W-Øn¬ BZy

- Im-e-k` hniz-kn-®n-cp-∂n-√

2. Zqc-bmX sNøp∂ Ipeo-\-\mb a\p-jy-

s\-°p-dn®v D]a ]d-bp∂p

3. InkvXp-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hn\p ap≥]p

sbcqitew \in-∏n--°s∏tS≠n-bn-cp∂p

D. shfn. 3:10 ]d-bp-∂Xp \o°w sNø-en-s\-

°pdn-®-√, kwc-£-W-sØ-°p-dn-®m-Wv

E. atlm-]-Z-h-sØ-ØpS¿∂v Dbn¿∏mWp≈Xv,

Dbn¿∏ns‚ ka-bØmWv DZv]m-]Ww \S-

°p-∂-Xv. AXp-sIm≠v, atlm-]-Z-h-Øns‚

Ahkm\w DZv]m-]Ww \St∂ aXn-bm-Iq

F. atlm]Z-hw, c≠mw-h-c-hv,]ns∂ cmPyw

Cu \ne-bn-emWv kphn-ti-jß-fpsS Iaw

G. atlm]Z-hIme-b-f-hn¬ hnip-≤-∑m¿ `qan-bn-

ep-≠m-Ip-sa∂p shfn-∏mSp NnXo-I-cn-°p∂p

H. k`bv°p alm-I-jvS-ap-s≠-∂p≈ hmKvZ-Ø-

ap-≠v

I. A¥y-Im-l-f-k-a-b-ØmWv DZv]m-]Ww \S-

°p-∂-Xv, alm-I-jvS-Øns‚ HSp-hn-emWv

A¥y-Im-l-f-ap-≈-Xv

J. kwKlw

VI. atlm]Z-h-a≤y DZv]m-]-W kn-≤m¥w

VII. `mKn-tIm-Zv]m-]-W-hmZho£Ww

A. `mKn-tIm-Zv]m-]-Whpw shfn. 3:10 Dw

B. DZv]m-]-W-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ sam-Ø-amb

]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ

C. 1 sX . 5:9˛10 s‚ hmKvZØw

D. c£ ]hr-Øn-I-fm-e-√, Ir]bm-em-sW-

∂p≈Xns‚ ]q¿Æ-amb XmXv]cyw (scope)E. kwKlw

VIII. hnizm-kn-bpsS ]p\-cp-∞m\w

A. ]p\-cp-∞m-\-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ s]mXp-hmb

hmKvZ-Ø-ßƒ

B. ]p\-cp-∞m\ico-c-Øns‚ ]IrXw

1. InkvXp-hn-t‚-Xp-t]m-se-bp≈

]p\cp∞m\icocw

a. `£n-°m-\p≈ Ignhv

b. Aÿnbpw amwk-hpap≈ icocw

c. XS- -ß-fn-√msX s\mSn-bn-Sbn¬

k©cn-°p∂p

2. ]p\-cp∞m\ico-c-sØ°pdn-®p≈ t\cn-

´p≈ ]Tn-∏n°¬

a. XpS¿®-bm-bp-f-f-Xv, F∂mepw am‰w

b. hy‡n-Xz-ap-≈Xpw hyXy-kvX-am-bXpw

c. Ime-b-f-hnse ]cn]q¿Æ-X, \in-°m-

ØXv

d. ]Xy-£-X-bnse ]cn-]q¿ÆX

e. \ne-\n-ev]nse ]cn]q¿ÆX

f. Bflo-b-X-bnse ]cn-]q¿ÆX

g. hnhm-lhpw a°fpw

3. kz¿§-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ thZ- m-K-ß-fn¬

\n∂p ]p\-cp∞m\-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈

A`yq-l-ßƒ

a. hwiob \m\mXzw

b. hni-an-t°-≠p∂ Bh-iy-an√

c. I¿Øm-hns‚ \maw

d. ]hrØn

IX. InkvXp-hns‚ \ymbm-k\w

A. \ymbm-k-\-Øn-\m-bp≈ kabw

B. \ymb-mk-\-Øn-\m-bp≈ ÿew

C. \ymbm-[n-]≥

D. \ymbw hn[n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿

E. \ymb-hn-[n-°p≈ASn-ÿm\w

1. ^e-an-√mbva

2. `qan-bn¬ sNbvX ]hrØn-Iƒ

a. s]mXp-hmb ]hrØn-Iƒ

b. ]hr-Øn-bpsS KpWw, Af-h√

c. ssZhsØ ]km-Zn-∏n-°p∂ ]hr-Øn-

Iƒ, hnizkvX-lr-Z-b-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bXv

(1) \in-°mØ IncoSw

(2)- k-t¥m-j-Øns‚ IncoSw

(3) \oXn-bpsS IncoSw

(4) Poh-In-coSw

(5) tXP- ns‚ IncoSw

A∏w sIm≠p am-X-a√

401

d. a‰p hnizm-kn-I-fpsS Pohn-X-ßƒ°p-≈

kw`m-h-\-Iƒ

3. hnizm-kn-I-fpsS ]hr-ØnIsf \ymbw

hn[n-°p-∂-Xn\p-≈ am\-Z-WvU-ßƒ

a. InkvXob t\X-m°∑m¿°m-

bp≈I¿°i \ymb-hn[n

b. ]tbm-P-\hpw ]tbm-P\-an-√m-bvabpw -I-

W-°n-seSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p

c. kz`m-h-Øn-t∑¬ Du∂¬ \¬Inb

]hrØn-Iƒ°p≈ \ymb-hn[n

F. `mhn-bnse ]Xn^eØns‚ ]IrXw

1. ]Xn- -e-ß-fpsS tXmXp-Iƒ

2. ]p\-cp-∞m\ico-c-Ønse alXzw

3. ipiq-j-bp-sSbpw A[n-Im-c-Øn-s‚bpw

ÿm\-ßƒ

4. Inco-S-ßƒ

5. ]Xn- -e-\-jvSw, e÷

G. `mhn hne-bn-cp-Øepw Ct∏m-gsØ a’-chpw

H. \ymbm-k-\-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ t]m’m-l--

\ßƒ

X. Ip™m-Sns‚ Ieym-W-kZy

A. apJ-hpc

B. kz¿§-Ønse hnhm-l-Øn-s‚bpw `q-an-bnse

hncp-∂n-s‚bpw sXfnhv

C. kz¿§Øn-sebpw `qan-bnsebpw Ieym-W-k-

Zy-bpsS thZ- m-K-ßƒ

D. kam-]-\-ßƒ, hyXy-kvX-X-Iƒ, kz¿§-

Ønse hnhm-lw, `qan-bnse kZy

XI. alm-]o-U-\-Imew

A. alm-]o-U-\-Im-e-b-f-hnse ]apJ PmXob

i‡n-Iƒ

1. ]p\-cp-÷o-hn-°-s∏´ tdmw

a. temI-i-‡n-bmb tdman-t\m-sSm∏w

Zm\otb-ens‚ 69- mw BgvN-h´w

Ahkm-\n-®p.

b. Zm\o-tb¬ 9:26 ap∂-dnbn∏v

c. Zm\otb¬ 2:36˛45; 7:2˛14, \mep

PmXob- i-‡n-Iƒ

d. ]p\-cp-÷o-hn-°-s∏´ tdmans‚ ]IrXw

(1) ]Øp cmPm-°-∑m¿

(2) tkz—m-[n-]Xyw Gs‰-Sp-°p∂

sNdnb sImºv

2. Ing-°ns‚ cmPm-°-∑m¿

3. tKmKv, amtKmKv

a. hS-°ns‚ hnZq-c`m-K-ß-fn¬ \n∂v

b. amtKmKv

c. tcmiv

d. tasi-°v, Xq_m¬

e. t]¿jy, Iqiv, ]qXv

f. tKmsa¿

g. tXmK¿am

h. \nKa\-ßƒ

4. bYm-ÿm-\-s∏´ _m_n-tem¨

a. B£-cnI hymJym\w

b. ]g-b-\n-ba]h-N-\-ßƒ _m_n-tem-Wn-

s\°p-dn®v

(1) ]Ir-Xym-Xo-X-amb \miw

(2) Hcp A¥y-Imekw`hsØ-°p-dn-

®pff kqN\

c. \nKa\-ßƒ

5. hSt° cmPm-hv, sXt°cmPm-hv

B. FXn¿InkvXp

1. D¤hw

a. kmaq-tlym-¤hw

b. `qan-im-kvX-]cw AY-hm

]mIr-XntIm¤hw

c. hwio-tbm-¤hw

d. Bflotbm-¤hw

e. ssZhntIm-¤hw

2. ZpjvS-\mb A¥y-Ime `cWm-[n-Im-cn-

°p≈ \ma-ßƒ

a. sNdnb sImºv

b. hcp∂ ZpjvS-\mb ]`p

c. C—m-i-‡n-bp≈ cmPmhv

d. ]m]-Øns‚ a\p-jy≥, \mi- ]p-X≥

e. iq\y-am-°p∂ tæ—X

f. arKw

g. FXn¿InkvXp

3. temI-Øns‚ A[n-Im-cn-bmbn- FXn¿

InkvXp Fgp-t∂ev°p-∂p

a. kabw

b. hy‡-a-√mØ Bcw`w

c. bnkm-tb-ep-am-bp≈ kJyw

d. kmam-Py-Øn-\p-≈n¬ i‡n-bmbn

Fgp-t∂ev°p-∂p

e. FXn¿InkvXphpw djybpw bnkm-

tb-ens\ BI-an-°p-∂p.

f. Ah-km\ temIm-[n-Imcw

FkvIt‰mfPn: `mhnIme kw`hßsf∏‰nbp≈ D]tZiw

402

g. FXn¿In-kvXp-hns‚ Fgp-t∂-

ev]n\p≈ am¿§-ßƒ

4. FXn¿In-kvXp-hns‚ hy‡nXz-hn-ti-j-

ßƒ, kº-Zm-b-ßƒ

a. bnkm-tb-ep-am-bp≈ kJyw ewLn-

°p∂p

b. blq-Z-∑m-scbpw alm-I-jvS-Im-esØ

hnip-≤-∑m-scbpw ITn\ambn

shdp°p∂p

c. anI® hm‹n

d. ssZh-sa∂v Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp∂p

e. FXn¿In-kvXphpw

_m_ntemWpw

f. FXn¿In-kvXp-hn-s\-°p-dn®p \m\m-

hn-[-Øn-ep≈ hkvXpXIƒ

5. FXn¿In-kvXp-hns‚ \mihpw `mK-t[-

bhpw

C. atlm-]-Z-h-Imet]mcm- -ßƒ

1. amtKm-Kns‚ bnkm-tb¬ BI-aWw

2. t]mcm´w kw_-‘n-®p≈ thZ- m-K-ßƒ

a. atlm-]-Z-h-Øns‚ BZy-]-Ip-Xn-

bn¬ kw -hn-°m≥ km≤y-X-bp≈

t]mcm´w

b. sbsl-kvt°¬ 38:39 \p ap≥]p≈

Zm\o. 11:36 se t]mcm´w

c. Zm\o. 11:36 s‚ XpS¿®bpsS

km≤yX, djy-bpsS bnkm-tb¬ BI-

a-W-sØØp-S¿∂mWp≈Xv

d. \nKa\-ßƒ, Zm\o. 11:36 ˛ s\,

sbsl-kvt°ense tKmKns‚ bnkm-

tb¬ BI-aW-hp-ambn Xpe\w

sNøp-∂p

3. t]mcm- -Øns‚ kabw

a. s]mXp-hmb kabw

b. khn-ti-j-amb `mhn-Im-ew, djy-

bpsSbnkm-tb¬ BI-aWw

(1) DZv]m-]-W-Øn\p ap≥]v

(2) kl-km-_vZØns‚ Bcw`w

(3) kl-km-_vZ-Øns‚ BZy ]IpXn

(4) atlm-]-Z-h-Øns‚ BZy ]IpXn

4. t]mcm- -Øns‚ ^e-ßƒ

5. Bbp-[-ß-sf-∏-‰n-bp≈ tNmZyw

6. l¿Ω-sK-t±m≥ bp≤w

a. ÿew

b. l¿Ω-sK-t±m≥ k∂ml-sØ-°p-dn-

®p≈ thZ- m-Kßƒ

c. bp≤-Øns‚ ÿew

(1) saKn-t±m-ae

(2) sbtlm-im- mØv Xmgvhc

(3) sbcq-itew

(4) GtZmw

(5) \nKa\w

d. l¿Ω-sK-t±m-\nse ]¶m-fn-Iƒ

(1) FXn¿InkvXp \bn-°p∂

temIcm-jvSßƒ

(2) bnkm-tb¬

(3) ssZh-Øns‚ Ip™m-Smb

InkvXp

e. kabw

f. ]cn-Wn-X-^ew

D. alm-I-jvS-Im-e-Øn¬ ssZhhpw Ahs‚

hnip-≤-∑mcpw

1. alm-I-jvS-Im-e-Øn¬ ssZh-Øns‚

\ymbhn[n

2. alm-I-jvS-Im-e-b-fhnse temIkphn-

ti-jo-I-cWw

3. alm-I-jvS-Ønse hnip-≤∑m¿

XII. alm-I-jvS-Im-e-Øn¬ \n∂p cmPy-Øn-te-

°p≈ am‰w

A. InkvXp-hns‚ c≠mw hchv

1. InkvXp-hns‚ c≠mw hc-hns‚

kabw

2. ÿew

3. c≠mw hc-hn¬ InkvXp-hn-t\msSm∏-

ap≈ ]¶mfn-Iƒ

a. hnip≤ZqX-∑m¿

b. hnip-≤-∑m¿

4. InkvXp-hns‚ c≠mw hc-hns‚

kmlN-cy-ßƒ

a. sbcqitew \in-®p- In-S-°p∂p.

b. ]m]-©n-Im-¤p-Xßƒ

c. al-Xz-tØm--sS-bp-≈ Cdßnhchv

d. temI-Øns‚ ]Xn-I-cWw

e. \new kv]¿in-°¬

f. ÿnc-amb a’cw

g. A\m-bm-tk-\-bp≈ hnPbw

h. ZqX-∑m-cpsS A\p-[m-h\w,

kmØms‚ XShv

i. ka-b-®´w


403

B. ]g-b -\n-b-a- I-jvS-Ønse hnip-≤-∑m-cpsS

Dbn¿sØ-gpt∂ev]v

1. Poh-\n-te-°p≈ Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-

ev]n\pw ac-W-Øn-te-°p≈ Dbn¿

sØ-gp-t∂-ev]n-\p-an-S-bn-ep≈ kabw

2. c≠p Xc-Øn-ep≈ ]p\-cp-∞m-\-ßƒ

3. hnip-≤-∑m-cpsS ]p\-cp-∞m-\-Øn-

\m-bp≈ ka-b-ßƒ

a. k`

b. c‡-km-£n-Ifmb atlm-]-Z-h-

Imehnip≤∑m¿

c. ]g-b\\nba hnip-≤-∑m¿

d. kl-km_vZ hnip-≤∑m¿

C. bnkm-tb-en-\m-bp≈ \ymb-hn[n

1. thZ- m-K-ßƒ

2. bnkm-tb-ens‚ \ymbhn[n-bpsS hnj-

b-ßƒ

3. Pohn-®n-cn-°p∂ bnkmtb-ens‚ \ymb-

hn-[nbpsS kabw

4. Pohn-®n-cn-°p∂ bnkmtben-\m-bp≈

\ymbhn-[nbpsS ÿehpw Dt±iyhpw

5. bnkm-tb-ens‚ \ymbhn-[n-bpsS ê-

ß-fn¬ \n∂v

a. tamiw ê-ßƒ

b. \√ ê-ßƒ

D. PmXn-I-fpsS (cm-jvS-ß-fpsS) \ymb-hn[n

1. PmXn-I-fpsS \ymb-hn[n kw_-‘n-®p≈

thZ- m-K-ßƒ

2. PmXn-I-fpsS \ymb-hn-[n°mbp≈ kabw

3. PmXn-I-fpsS \ymb-hn-[n-°m-bp≈ ÿew

4. PmXn-I-fpsS \yb-hn-[n-°m-bp≈ hnjbw

5. Dt±iyw

6. \ymb-hn-[n-°m-bp-ff ASnÿm\w

7. PmXn-I-fpsS \ymb-hn-[n-bpsS ê-ßƒ

E. cmPy-Ønse A[n-Imc\nb-a-\-ßƒ

F. kw -h-ß-fpsS kwK-lw, alm-I-jvS-Øn¬

\n∂p cmPy-Øn-te-°p≈ am‰w.

XIII. `qan-bn¬ InkvXp-hns‚ cmPyw

A. A_m-lmay DS-º-Snbpw klkm_vZ]q¿∆-

hm-Zhpw

1. Xncp-h-N-\- m-K-ßƒ

2. hmKvZ-Ø-ß-fpsS kzoI¿Øm-°ƒ

a. A_mlmw

b. A_-mlm-ans‚ k¥Xn

c. kIe PmXnIfpw

3. A_-mlmay DS-º-Sn-bpsS kz`mhw

a. Hcp hyhÿ

b. \nXy-]-IrXw

c. A_m-lmw, bnkvlm-°v, bm-t°m_v

F∂n-h-cpsS ]cm-P-b-ßƒ

d. Hcp hisØ Icm¿

e. A_m-lmay DS-º-Sn-bn-t∑¬ ]pXn-b

-\n-baw

f. hnIm-kw, A_-mlmay DS-º-Sn, bnkm-

tb-en-\mbp≈ a‰v DS-º-Sn-Iƒ

g. B£-cnI \nd-th-d¬

h. kwKlw

B. ZmhoZy DS-º-Snbpw kl-km_vZ-

]q¿∆-hm-Zhpw

1. thZ- m-K-ßƒ

2. hmKvZ-Ø-ßƒ

a. XmXv°m-enI hmKvZ-Øßƒ

b. \nXy-hm-KvZ-Ø-ßƒ

c. ZmhoZy DS-º-Snbpw hmgvNbpsS s]mńb

IÆnbpw

3. ZmhoZy DS-º-Sn-bpsS kz`mhw

a. \nXy-am-bn-cn-°psa∂p ]kvXm-hn®p

b. am‰-an-√mØ ]Xn-⁄sIm≠v Dd-∏n®p

c. ]m]w sNbvX-ti-jhpw Dd∏n®p

C. ]pXnb DS-º-Snbpw kl-km_vZ -

]q¿∆-hmZhpw

1. ]pXnb DS-ºSn kw_-‘n®p≈ -

thZ- mK-ßƒ

2. ]pXnb DS-º-Sn-bnse hmKvZ-Ø-ßƒ

a. F√m blqZ∑m¿°p-ap≈ c£

b. hnSp-hn-°p-∂-hs‚ aS-ßn-h-chv

c. alm-I-jvS-Im-e-Øn-\p-ti-j-ap≈

tZi-Øns‚ \nXy-amb bYm-ÿm-]\w

d. ùXn-Im-\p-K-l-ßƒ

e. Bflobm-\p-K-ßƒ

f. kwK-lw, ]pXnb DS-º-Sn-bpsS -

Zm\ßƒ

3. ]pXnb DS-º-Sn-bpsS kz`mhw, \ncp-]m-

[nIw, \nXyw

4. ]pXnb DS-º-Sn-bnse k`

a. DS-ºSn bnkm-tb-ep-am-bn- m-bn-cn°pw

b. ]pXnb DS-º-Sn-ta-ep≈ ]pXnb \nbaw


404

(1) k -bp-amtbm ]pXnb DSº-Snbp-

amtbm -t\cn´p≈ _‘-sam-∂p-an√

(2) c≠p ]pXnb DS-º-Sn-Iƒ

(3)- bnkm-tb-ep-am-bn- p≈ `mhn

D-d-∏n°¬

(4) hne-bn-cp-Ø¬

D. B£-cnI hymJym-\hpw kl-km_vZ ]q¿∆-

hm-Zhpw

E. kl-km_vZ]q¿∆- hm-Z-Øn-s\-Xn-cm-bp≈

kl-km-_vZ- \n-tj-[-hm-Z-Øns‚ FXn¿

∏p-Iƒ

1. tbmip-h-bp-sStbm item-tam-s‚tbm

ImesØ \nd-th-d¬

2. kz¿§-Ønse knwlm-k-\-Øn-t∑¬

InkvXp-hns‚ km∂n≤yw aqeap≈

\nd-thd¬

3. d±m-°nb tkm]m-[nI DS-º-Sn-Iƒ

4. bnkm-tb-en¬ \n∂p k -bn-te°p amdnb

A\p-K-l-ßƒ

a. bnkm-tb¬ F∂ \ne-bn¬ k`

b. ""A_-lm-ans‚ a°ƒ'' F∂ \ne-bn¬

k`

c. bYm¿∞ ]cn-t—-Z-\-sb∂ \ne-bn¬ k`

d. cmPy-Øn¬ \n∂v k -bn-te-°p≈ am‰w.

5. kl-km_vZ\ntj-[-hmZ-ßfpsS hne-bn-

cp-Ø¬

F. kl-km-_vZ-Øns‚ ]IrXw

1. cmPy-Øns‚ Ime-b-fhv

2. kl-km-_vZ-Ønse s]mXp-hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ

a. anI® Btcm-Ky-ÿn-XnIƒ

b. h¿≤n® ^e- q-bn-jvTX

c. sXmgnepw Dev]m-Z-\-£-aXbpw

d. im]-Øns‚ `mKn-I-amb am‰w

e. alXzw

f. kt¥mjw

g. kºØv

3. kl-km-_vZ-Ønse cmjvSo-b- -

km-l-N-cyßƒ

a. XnI™, \o≠p-\n-ev°p∂ kam-[m\w

b. cmPy-Øn-s‚ -\o-Xn-\ym-b- hy-hÿ

c. hy‡n-]-c-amb t£a-Øn-\p≈ ap≥K-W\

d. kl-km-_vZ-hmgvN GIm[n-]-Xy-]cw

4. kl-km-_vZ-Øn¬ `cn-°p∂ `c-Wm-[n-

Imcn-Iƒ

a. A[n-Im-cn-Iƒ

(1) ainl

(2) ZmhoZp cmPmhv

(3) ]¥≠v At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿

(4) a‰p Xmgv∂ Ipeo-\¿, \ybm-[n-]-∑m¿

b. `cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿

(1) bYm-ÿm-\-s∏´ bnkm-tb¬

(2) ]p\-tc-Io-I-cn-°-s∏´ bnkm-tb¬

(3) ]p\¿÷-\n-°-s∏´ bnkm-tb¬

(4) bnkm-tb-ens‚ ]mapJyw

(5) bnkm-tb-en¬ ssZhØns‚

km∂n≤yw

(6) sbcqitew temI-Øns‚ Xe-

ÿm\w

5. kl-km-_vZ-Ønse BflobÿnXn

a. kmØms\ _‘n®p

b. im]w `mKn-I-ambn FSpØpam‰n

c. `qan-bn¬ ]pX-\mb ssZhw hkn-°p∂p

d. c£n-°-s∏-SmØh-sc√mw XpS-°-Øn¬

]pdØ-m-Ip-∂p

e. Bflm-hns‚ henb ]I¿®

f. sbcq-i-te-ans‚ sFIymcm-[\

g. kar-≤n-bmb Bflo-bX

h. hN-\-Øn¬ ]q¿Æamb Adnhv

i. kl-km_vZ Bebw, Bcm-[\

6. cmPy-sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ kwKlw

7 A¥na kmØm-\y-a-’cw

XIV. \nXyX

A. ZqX-∑m-cpsS \ymb-hn[n

B. shf-f-knw-lm-k\ \ymb-hn[n

C. hyh-ÿ-Iƒ, \ymb-hn-[n-bp-sS- ÿ-e-ßƒ

1. \cIw

2. AKm-[-Iq]w

3.- ]m-Xmfw

a. ]mXmfw a\pjy¿°p amXw

b. ]mXmfw a\p-jys‚ Bflm-°ƒ°mbn

c. ]mXm-f-Øns‚ ÿm\w

d. ]mXm-f-Ønse t_m[m-hÿ

e. ]mXm-fhpw ZWvU\hpw

f. ]mXm-f-Øn\p Xos∏mbvI-tbm-Sp≈

_‘w

4. tKsl∂, AYhm Xos∏mbvI

a. ]tZm-ev]Øn


405

b. ]Z-]-tbmKw

c. Xos∏m-bvI-bpsS s]mXp- hn-h-c-

-Wßƒ

d. Xos∏m-bvI-bpsS ]tXy-I- hn-h-c--

Wßƒ

e. in£-bpsS Xe-ßƒ

f. Xos∏m-bvI-bpsS ÿm\w

g. \c-I-Øn-te-s°mcp t\m´w

5. in£-bpsS Imem-h[n

a. \c-I-Øns‚ \nXy-Xm-]iv\w

b. Ctbm¨ (Eon) F∂ ]Zw

c. Ctbm¨ F∂-Xns‚ A¿∞w

\nXy-amb

d. ssien, ""\nXy-am-b-Xns‚ \nXy-am-b-

Xnte°v''

e. Ctbm¨, \nKa\ßƒ

f. \nXy-in£ ÿm]n-°-ens‚ hnh-c-

W-ßƒ

g. \nXy-amb F∂¿∞-ap-ff c≠m-asØ

Ko°p]Zw

D. c£n-°-s∏- -h-cpsS `mhn

1. c≠n\panS-bv-°p≈ ÿnXn

a. InkvXp-hn-t\m-Sp-IqsS

b. th¿]n-cn™ Bflm°ƒ°p Poh-\p-≠v,

t_m[-ap≠v

c. c≠n-\p-an-S-bv°p≈ ÿnXn-hn-ti-j-ßƒ

2. kz¿§w

a. Ct∏m-gsØ ]]-©Øns‚ \miw

b. ]pXnb BIm-iw, ]pXnb `qan

c. kz¿§ob] -Ww, ]pXnb sbcq-itew

(1) kl-km_vZ\K-csa∂ \ne-bn¬

]pØ≥ sbcqitew-

(2) ]pØ≥ sbcq-i-tew, \nXy-cmPyw.

(3) \nKa\w

(4) D]-K-l-ho-£Ww

(5) a‰p -th-Z- m-K-ßƒ, kz¿§ob

]´Ww

(6) ]pXnb sbcq-i-te-an-s\-°p-dn-®p-≈

hnh-cWw

(a) hep∏w

(b) tN¿®/tbmPn∏v

(c)]pXnb sbcq-i-teans‚ ]Xy-

£X

(d) \Zn, Poh-hr£w

(7) ]pXnb sbcqi-te-anse ÿnXn-hn-ti-

j-ßƒ

(a) im]-an-√, IjvS-X-bn-√

(b) F√m-‰n-s‚bpw DS-a-ÿ-X, Bkzm-

Z\w

(c) hnhm-l-an√

(d) ipiqj

(e) t\cn- p≈ Bcm-[\

(f) kqcy-N-µm-Zn-I-fn√

(g) \nXy-amb hmgvN

(8) ]pXnb sbcqi-te-anse \nhmkn-Iƒ

(a) c£n-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-hsc Hgn-hm-°n-

bn-cn-°p∂p

(b) ssZhw

(c) ZqX-∑m¿

(d) F√m bpK-ß-fnepw c£n-°-s∏-

-h¿

(e) kwKlw

FkvIt‰mfPn

`mhn-Ime kw- -h-ß-sf-∏‰nbp≈ D]-tZiw

I. apJ-hpc:

ssZh-P\w `mhn-kw- -h-ßƒ Adn-™n-cn-°-W-sa∂p

ssZhw BK-ln-°p-∂psh∂-Xn¬ kwi-b-sam-∂p-an-√.

thZ-]p-kvX-I-Ønse \men-sem∂p ]pkvX-I-ßƒ ]m

h-N-\n-I-am-Wv. apgp-h≥ thZ]p-kvXI-hn-j-b-ß-fp-sS

bpw A©n-sem-∂ns‚ D≈-S-°hpw ]mh-N-\nI-amWv.

`mhn-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ ]kvXm-h-ßƒ°-∏p-d-tØ°p

t]mIp-∂-h¿ ]h-N-\-]-T-\sØ Ah-a-Xn-°p-∂p. Nne

Imcy-ßƒ ssZhw a\p-jy\p shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- n-s√-

∂Xp hy‡-am-Wv (Bh. 29:29; aØm. 24:36; a¿. 13:

32; At∏m. ]h. 1:7). F∂n-cp-∂m-epw, `mhn-sb-°p-dn-

®p≈ Imcy -ßƒ apgp -h≥ thZ-]p -kvX-Iw

]Tn-∏n°p-∂n-s√-¶n-epw, AXn-s\-°p-dn®p hf-sc-

tbsd°mcy-ßƒ AXp ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. AXp ]d-

bp-∂-sX¥pw ]Tn-°-Ø° hne-bp-≈-Xm-Wv, Ah-K-

Wn-®p-Iq-Sm-Ø-Xm-Wv. BZn-a-k- , AXns‚ BZysØ

aq∂p \q‰m-≠p-I-fn¬ A¥y-Im-e-im-kvX-Øns‚

am\yX a\- n-em-°n-bn-cp-∂p. F¶n-epw, `mhnkw -h-

ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ thZ-]p-kvX-I-Ønse hni-Z-amb

Adnhv, A‘-Im-c-bp-K-ß-fn¬ \jvS-s∏- p-t]m-bn-cp-∂p.

A¥y-Im-e-imkvXØn¬ Kth-jWw \S-tØ-≠n-


406

bncp∂ \ho-I-c-W-I¿Øm-°ƒ c£m-im-kvX-Øns‚

t]mcm- -°-f-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p. Ign™ c≠p \q‰m-≠p-

I-fn¬ amX-amWp thZ-]-Tn-Xm-°ƒ°v A¥y-Im-e-im-

kvX-Øn-t∑¬ Hcp \ho-\-amb i≤ ]Xn-∏n-°m-

\mbXv.

ap≥Ime Ah-K-W-\-sb-°p-dn®v Hcp IY-bp-≠v.

]sØm≥]Xmw \q‰m-≠nse AXn-_-lp-am-\y-\mb

Hcp ssZh imkvX-⁄-\m-bn-cp∂p tUm. B¿. Un-

Um_v\n. ""sX°≥ taJ-e-bnse _lpam\y\mb

ssZhimkvX⁄\mb tUm. Um_v\ntbmSv, ]h-N-

\-Ønse Nne hymJym-\-ßƒ icn-bm-tWm-sb∂v Hcp

]q¿∆ -hn-Zym¿∞n tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ At±lw \¬In-b-

a-dp-]Sn, "\o ]d-™Xp icn-bm-bn-cn°mw, Rm≥ Cu

hnjbw Hcn-°epw t\m°n-bn- n-√.' 1

]mh-N-\n-I-]-kvXm-h-\I-fn¬ ss__n-fn\v A∏p-d-

tØ°p t]mIp-∂-h-cpsS A[n-I-∏-‰v, `mhn-kw-`-h-

ßsf Ah-K-Wn-°p-∂-Xn-tet°m Ah-sb-°p-dn-®p≈

A⁄-X-bn-tet°m aS-ßn-t∏m-Ip-∂-Xn\p k`sb

kΩ¿±w sNep-Øn-°qSm; ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv ""hcp-hm-

\p≈Xv \nßƒ°v Adn-bn®p Xcp-sa∂v'' I¿Ømhp

\tΩmSp ]d-™n- p≠v (tbm-l. 16:13). ]h-N\w hmbn-

°p-∂-h¿°pw AXp Kln-°p-∂-h¿°pw ]tXy-I-amb

A\p-K-l-hp-ap-≠v (sh-fn. 1:3). A¥y-Im-e-im-kvX-sØ-

∏-‰n-bp≈ Adnhp _u≤n-I-amb ]Xn- ew amX-a-√,

adn®v Bflo-b-amb kºp-jvSn-bp-amWp \¬Ip-∂-Xv.

thZ-]p-kvXIw CXv Bh¿Øn®p ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v.

`mhn \ymb-hn-[n-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ Adnhv Hcp hy‡nsb

InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-Øm¬ c£-bn-te°p \bn-

t®-°mw. c≠mw hc-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p-≈ Adn-hn-s\bpw,

Hcp hy‡n Xs‚ Bflm-hns‚ c£ Is≠-Øp-∂-

Xn-s\-bpwIpdn®p≈ Adnhp Iq´n-bn-W-°p-∂-XmWv

Xmsgbp≈ thZ- m-Kw.

Hcp a\p-jy≥ k¿∆-tem-Ihpw t\Sn-bn´pw Xs‚

Pohs\ \jvS-s∏-Sp-Øn-bm¬ Ah\v F¥p

]tbm-P\w? A√, Xs‚ Pohs\ ho≠p-

sImƒhm≥ a\-jy≥ F¥p adphne

sImSp°pw? a\p-jy-]p-X≥ Xs‚ ]nXm-hns‚

al-Xz-Øn¬ Xs‚ ZqX-∑m-cp-ambn hcpw;

At∏mƒ Ah≥ Hmtcm-cp-Ø\pw Ah-\-hs‚

]hr-Øn°p X°-hÆw ]Icw \¬Ipw

(a-Øm. 16:26, 27).

t\csØ Xs∂ hnizm-kn-I-fm-bn-cp-∂-h¿°,v mhn-kw-

-h-ß-fpsS ]T\w Ah-cpsS Pohn-XsØ ip≤o-I-cn-

°p -∂-Xm -Wv. hnizm -kn -I -fn -te°p I¿Ømhp

hcp-∂Xpw, Pohn-X-hn-ip-≤nbpw XΩn¬ _‘n-∏n-°p-

∂-XmWv XmsgsØ thZ- m-K-ßƒ.

\nß-fpsS kuayX kIe a\p-jycpw Adn-b

s´; I¿Ømhp hcp-hm≥ ASp-Øn-cn-°p∂p

(^n-en. 4:5).

\ΩpsS Poh-\mb InkvXp shfn-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ

\nß-fpsS Ah-t\m-Sp-IqsS tX÷- n¬ shfn-

s∏-Spw. BI-bm¬ Zp¿∂-S-∏v, Aip-≤n, AXn-

cm-Kw, Zp¿tΩm-lw, hnK-lm-cm-[-\-bmb AXym-

Klw Cßs\ `qan-bn-ep≈ \nß-fpsS Ah-b-

h-ßsf acn-∏n-°p-hn≥. Cu hI \nanØw ssZh-

tIm]w A\p-k-cWw sI -h-cpsS ta¬ hcp∂p

(sIm-sem. 3:4- 6).

kam-[m-\-Øns‚ ssZhw Xs∂ \nßsf apgp-

h\pw ip≤o-I-cn-°p-am-dm-Is´; \nß-fpsS



]Xy-£-X-bn¬ A\n-µy-ambn shfn-s∏-SpwhÆw

Im°-s∏-Sp-am-dm-Is´ (1 sX . 5:23).

kIe a\p-jy¿°pw c£m-I-c-amb ssZh-Ir]

DZn-®pht√m; \mw `mKy-I-c-amb ]Xym-i-bv°m-

bn´pw alm-ssZ-hhpw \ΩpsS c£n-Xm-hp-amb

tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ ]Xy-£-X-bv°m-bn´pw

ImØp-sIm-≠v, `‡n-tISpw ]]-]-©-tam-l-

ßfpw h¿÷n-®n- v, Cu temI-Øn¬ kpt_m-

[-tØmSpw \oXn-tbmSpw ssZh-`-‡n-tbmSpw

IqsS Pohn®p t]mtc-≠-Xn\v AXp \sΩ

in£n®p hf¿Øp∂p (XosØm. 2:11˛13).

Cßs\ Ch-sbm-s°bpw Agn-bm-\p-≈-Xm-I-

bm¬ BImiw Np -gn-hm\pw aqe-]-Zm¿∞-ßƒ

sh¥p-cp-Ip-hm-\p-ap≈ ssZhZn-h-k-Øns‚

hchp ImØn-cp∂psIm≠v, \nßƒ FX hnip-

≤Po-hn-Xhpw `b-`-‡nbpw D≈-h¿ Bbn-cn-

°Ww! (2 ]sXm. 3:11).

]nb-ap-≈-htc, \mw Ct∏mƒ ssZh-a-°ƒ

BIp∂p; \mw C∂Xv BIp-sa∂v CXp-hsc

]Xy-£-am-bn-√. Ah≥ ]Xy-£-\m-Ip-tºmƒ

\mw Ahs\ Xm\n-cn-°pw-t]mse Xs∂ ImWp-

∂-Xm-I-sIm≠v Ah-t\mSp kZri∑m¿ BIpw

F∂p \mw Adn -bp -∂p. Ah-\n¬ Cu

]Xymibp≈-h-s\√mw Ah≥ \n¿Ω-e-\m-bn-

cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse Xs∂-Øs∂ \n¿Ω-eo-I-cn-

°p∂p (1 tbml. 3:2˛3).


1 Quoted by Lewis Sperry Chafer, Systematic Theology(Dallas Theological Seminary Press, 1948), IV: 256.

407

`mhn-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ Adn-hv, thZ-]p-kvXIw ]d-

bp∂""kpt_m[w'' Df-hm-°m≥ klm-bn-°p-∂p.

`mhnsb [ym\n-°p∂ hnizm-kn-Iƒ°-dnbmw , Pohn-

X-Øn\v Hcp Kuc-h-ta-dnb hi-ap-s≠∂pw AtXm-

sSm∏w Kuc-h-ambn A\p-[m-h\w sNtø-≠p∂ DØ-

c-hm-ZnXzaps≠-∂pw. ip≤o-I-c-W-Øns‚ BhiyIX-

sb-°p-dn-®p-≈ Hcp Ah-t_m-[-tØmsS Zqsc-°m-gvN-

bpsS kpt_m-[hpw Ihn-™p-In-S-°p-∂p. amX-a-√,

ipiq-j-bpsS Bh-iy-I-X-sbI-°p-dn-®p≈ Ah-t_m-

[hpw AXnepƒs∏Sp-∂p. A¥y-Im-e-imkvXw hnizm-

kn-I-fpsS the-bpsS ASn-b-¥n-cm-h-iy-sØ-∏‰n

Ah¿°p t_m[w hcp-tØ-≠-XmWv (Xmsgs°mSp-

Øn-cn-°p∂ thZ-`m-K-ßƒ IqSmsX Ch-bpw-IqSn

t\m°pI: aØm. 25:14 ; eqt°m. 12:42; 19:12; 1 sX .

5:4˛9).

""bP-am-\≥ hcp-tºmƒ Aßs\ sNbvXp

ImWp∂ Zmk≥ `mKy-hm≥'' (eq-t°m. 12:43).

""Fs∂ Ab-®-hs‚ ]hrØn ]I¬ Dt≈-S-

tØmfw \mw sNtø-≠-Xm-Ip∂p; B¿°pw

]h¿Øn-®p -Iq -SmØ cmXn hcp∂p''

(tbm-l. 9:4).

CXp sNtø-≠Xv Dd-°-Øn¬ \n∂v DW-cp-hm≥

\mgnI h∂n-cn-°p∂p F∂n-ßs\ \nßƒ ka-

bsØ Adn--I-bm¬Øs∂; \mw hniz-kn®

ka-b-sØ-°mƒ c£- C-t∏mƒ \ap°v A[nIw

ASp-Øn-cn-°p∂p; AXp-sIm≠p \mw Ccp- ns‚

]hr-Øn-Isf sh®p-I-f™p shfn-®-Øns‚

Bbp-[-h¿§w [cn-®p-sImƒI. ]I¬k-a-bØv

F∂-t]mse \mw acym-Z-bmbn \S°; shdn-°q-

Øp-I-fnepw aZy-]m-\-ß-fn-ep-a√; ib-\-tam-l-

ß-fnepw Zpjv°m-a-ß-fn-ep-a-√, ]nW-°-Ønepw

Akq-b-bn-ep-a√ (tdm-a. 13:11˛13).

AXp-sIm≠p ico-c-Øn¬ hkn-®mepw icocw

hn´mepw Rßƒ Ahs\ ]km-Zn-∏n-°p-∂-h¿

BIphm≥ A`n-am-\n-°p-∂p. Ah-\-h≥ ico-c-

Øn¬ Ccn-°p-tºmƒ sNbvXXp \√-Xm-Inepw

Xob-Xm-Inepw AXn\p X°-hÆw ]m]n-t°-

≠-Xn\p \msa-√m-hcpw InkvXp-hns‚ \ymb-

mk-\-Øn\p apºmsI shfn-s∏-tS-≠-Xm-Ip∂p

(2 sImcn. 5:9˛10).

Rm≥ ssZh-sØbpw Pohn-®n-cn°p∂-h¿°pw

acn-®-h¿°pw \ymb-hn-kvXmcw \S-Øp-hm-\p≈

tbip-In-kvXp-hn-s\bpw km£n-h®v Ahs‚

]-Xy-£-Xbpw cmPyhpw sNm√n kXyw

sNbvXp Iev]n-°p-∂Xv: hN\w ]kw-Kn°;

ka-b-Ønepw Ak-a-b-Ønepw Hcpßn \n¬°;

kIe Zo¿L-£-a-tbmSpw D]-tZ-i-tØm-Sp-IqsS

imkn°; X¿÷\w sNbvI; ]t_m-[n-∏n°

(2 Xnsam. 4:1˛2).

BI-bm¬ \nß-fpsS a\ v Dd-∏n®v \n¿Ω-Z-

cmbn tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ ]Xy-£-X-bn-¶¬

\nßƒ°p hcp-hm-\p≈ Ir]-bn¬ ]q¿Æ

]Xymi sh®p-sImƒhn≥ (1 ]sXm. 1:13).

F∂m¬ F√m-‰n-s‚bpw Ah-km\w kao-]n-®n-

cn -°p∂p; BI-bm¬ ]m¿∞-\bv°p

kpt_m-[-ap-≈-hcpw \n¿Ω-Z-cp-am-bn-cn-∏n≥

(1 ]sXm. 4:7).

\nß-fn-ep≈ aq∏-∑m-tc, Hcp- Iq´paq∏\pw

InkvXp-hns‚ IjvSm-\p- -hØn\p km£nbpw

shfn-s∏-Sp-hm-\p≈ tXP- n\p Iq´m-fn-bp-amb

Rm≥ ]t_m-[n -∏n -°p -∂-Xv : \nßfpsS

hnNmcWbnep≈ B´n≥Iq-´sØ tabn-®p-

sImƒhn≥. \n¿_-‘-Øm-e√, ssZh-Øn\p

lnX-amw-hÆw a\:]q¿∆-ambpw Zpcm-K-l-tØm-

S-b-√, Dt∑j-tØm-sSbpw, CS-h-I-I-fpsS

ta¬I¿ØrXzw \S-Øp-∂-h-cm-bn- -√, B´n≥Iq-

-Øn\p amXr-I-I-fm-bn-Øo¿∂p-sIm≠pw A≤y-

£X sNbvhn≥. F∂m¬ CS-b-ti-jvT≥ ]Xy-

£-\m-Ip-tºm-ƒ \nßƒ tXP- ns‚ hmSmØ

IncoSw ]m]n°pw (1 ]sXm. 5:1˛4).

ip≤o -I-c -WsØ DtØ-Pn -∏n -°p -∂Xpw ]hr -

ØnsbSp°p-hm-\p≈ e£yt_m[w \¬Ip-∂Xpw

IqSm-sX, `mhn--kw- -h-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ Adn-hv, hnizm-

kn-Iƒ temI-Øns‚ ]cn-lmkw t\cn-Sp∂ ka-b-ß-

fn¬ IjvS-X-bn¬ Bizm-khpw \¬Ip-∂p. Cu

Adnhp e`n® hnizm-kn°v, Xs‚ hy‡n-]-c-amb mhn-

sbtbm temI-Øns‚ AIm-e-\m-i-sØtbm `b-s∏-

tS-≠-Xn-√.

\nß-fpsS lrZbw Ie-ßn-t∏m-I-cpXv.; ssZh-

Øn¬ hniz-kn-∏n≥, F∂nepw hniz-kn-∏n≥.

Fs‚ ]nXm-hns‚ `h-\-Øn¬ At\Iw hmk-

ÿ-e-ß-fp≠v; Cs√-¶n¬ Rm≥ \nß-tfmSv ]d-

bp-am-bn-cp∂p. Rm≥ \nßƒ°p ÿew Hcp-

°p-hm≥ t]mIp∂p; Rm≥ t]mbn \nßƒ°p

ÿew Hcp-°n-bm¬, Rm≥ Ccn-°p-∂n-SØp

\nßfpw Ccn-t°-≠-Xn\p ]ns∂bpw h∂p

\nßsf Fs‚-b-Sp-°¬ tN¿Øp-sIm-≈pw.

Rm≥ t]mIp∂ CS-tØ-°p≈ hgn \nßƒ

Adn-bp-∂p. tXmakv Ah-t\mSv: I¿Ømth, \o

Fhn-sS-t∏m-Ip-∂p-sh∂p Rßƒ Adn-bp-∂n√;


408

]ns∂ hgn Fß-s\-b-dnbpw F∂p ]d-™p.

tbip Ah-t\mSv: Rm≥ Xs∂ hgnbpw

kXyhpw Poh-\p-am-Ip∂p; Rm≥ apJ-m¥-c-a-

√msX Bcpw ]nXm-hn-s‚-b-Sp-°¬ FØp-∂n√''

(tbm-l. 14:1˛6).

\Ωn¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-hm-\p≈ tXP p hnNm-cn-

®m¬ Cu Ime-Ønse IjvS-ßƒ kmc-an√

F∂p Rm≥ FÆp∂p (tdm-a. 8:18).

BI-bm¬ I¿Ømhp hcp-thmfw ka-b-Øn-\p-

aptº H∂pw hn[n-°-cp-Xv. Ah≥ Ccp- n¬ ad-

™n-cn-°p-∂Xp shfn-®-Øm°n lrZ-b-ß-fpsS

Btem-N-\-Isf shfn-s∏-SpØpw; A∂v Hmtcm-

cp-Ø∂p ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂p ]pI-gvN-bp-≠mIpw

(1 sImcn. 4:5).

s\mSn-t\-c-tØ-°p≈ Rß-fpsS eLp-hmb

IjvSw AXy¥w A\-h-[n-bmbn tXP- ns‚

\nXy-L\w Rßƒ°p In´p-hm≥ tlXp-hm-

Ip∂p (1 sImcn. 4:17).

\∑ sNbvI-bn¬ \mw aSp-Øp-t]m-I-cpXv;

Xf¿∂p-t]m-Im-™m¬ X° ka-bØp \mw

sImøpw (K-em. 6:9).

ktlm-Z-c-∑m-tc, \nßƒ ]Xym-i-bn-√mØ a‰p-

≈-h-sc-t∏mse Zp:Jn°m-Xn-cn-t°-≠-Xn\p \nZ-

sIm-f-fp-∂-h-sc-°p-dn®v Adn-hn-√m-Xn-cn-°-cpXv

F∂p Rßƒ BK-ln-°p-∂p. tbip acn-

°bpw Pohn-s®-gp-t∂-ev°p-Ibpw sNbvXp

F∂p \mw hniz-kn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Aßs\

Xs∂ ssZhw \nZ-sIm-≠-h-sc-bpw tbip apJm-

¥cw Ah-t\m-Sp-IqsS hcp-Øpw. I¿Ømhns‚

hN-\-Øm¬ \nß-tfmSp ]d-bp-∂p. I¿Ømhp

Xm≥ Kwò-c-\m-Z-tØmSpw ][m-\-Zq-Xs‚ i_vZ-

tØmSpw ssZh-Øns‚ Iml-f-tØmSpw IqsS

kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂v Cd-ßn-h-cn-Ibpw InkvXp-

hn¬ acn-®-h¿ apsº Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev°p-

Ibpw sNøpw. ]ns∂ Poh-t\msS tijn-°p∂

\mw Ah-t\mSv Hcp-an®v BIm-i-Øn¬ I¿Øm-

hns\ FXn-tc-ev∏m≥ taL-ß-fn¬ FSp-°-

s∏Spw; Cßs\ \mw Ft∏mgpw FSp-°-s∏Spw;

Cßs\ \mw Ft∏mgpw I¿Øm-hn-t\mSpIqsS

Ccn-°pw. Cu hN-\-ß-sf-s°m≠v At\ym\yw

Biz-kn-∏n-®p-sImƒhn≥; (1 sX . 4:13˛18).

AXp-sIm≠v alm-]-Xn-^-e-ap≈ \nß-fpsS

ss[cyw X≈n-°-f-b-cp-Xv. ssZthjvSw sNbvXp

hmKvZØw ]m]n -°m≥ kln-jvWpX

\nßƒ°v Bh-iyw. C\n FXbpw Aev]-

Imew Ign-™n´p hcp-hm-\p-≈-h≥ hcpw Xma-

kn-°p-I-bp-an√ (F-_m. 10:35˛37).

F∂m¬ ktlm-Z-c-∑mtc, I¿Øm-hns‚ ]Xy-

£X hsc Zo¿L-£-a-tbm-Sn-cn-∏n≥; Irjn-°m-

c≥ `qan-bpsS hne-tb-dnb ê-Øn\p ImØp-

sIm≠p ap∑-gbpw ]n∑-gbpw AXn\p In´p-

thmfw Zo¿L-£-a-tbm-Sn-cn-∏n≥; \nß-fpsS

lrZbw ÿnc-am-°p-hn≥; I¿Øm-hns‚ ]Xy-

£X kao-]n-®n-cn-°p∂p (bm-t°m. 5:7˛8).

Agn-™p-t]m-Ip-∂Xpw Xobn¬ tim[\ Ign-

°p-∂-Xp-amb s]m∂n-s\-°mƒ \nß-fpsS

hnizm-k-Øns‚ ]cn-tim-[\ hne-tb-dn-b-Xv

F∂p tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ ]Xy-£-X-bn¬

]pI-gvNbv°pw tXP- n\pw am\-Øn-\p-ambn

Im◊m≥ Aßs\ CS-hcpw (1 ]sXm. 1:7).

InkvXp-hns‚ IjvS-ßƒ°p ]¶p-≈-h-cm-Ipw-

tXmdpw kt¥m-jn-®p-sImƒhn≥. Aßs\

\nßƒ Ahs‚ tXP- ns‚ ]Xy-£Xbn¬

D√kn-®m-\-µn-∏m≥ CS-hcpw (1 ]tXm. 4:13).

A¥y-ImeimkvXw Bflob-ambn DtØ-Pn-∏n-°p-

∂Xpw _u≤n-I-ambn Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xpw am\-kn-

I-ambn ÿncX \¬Ip-∂-Xp-am-I-W-sa-∂mWp ssZhw

BK-ln-°p-∂-Xv. A¥y-Im-e-imkvXØns‚ _u≤n-

I-amb ]T-\-Øn\v Hc-Sn-ÿm-\-an-Sp-∂-Xn-\v, Nne -km-

[m-c-W-]-Z-ßƒ H∂p \n¿∆-Nn-°p-∂Xp \∂m-bn-cn-°pw.

amX-a-√, atlm-]-Z-h-]q¿∆/kl-km-_vZ-]q¿∆ ka-

b-∏-ń-I-bpw, _u≤n-I-ambn AXns\ kwc-£n-°p-

Ibpw N¿®-sN-øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xn\p ap≥]p Kln-

t°-≠-Xp-≠v. ]mh-N-\nI kab-tc-J-tbm-sSm∏w \mw

]Tn-t°-≠p∂ Nne A¥y-ImeimkvX-]-Z-ßƒ CXm.

`mhnIm-eXXz-imkvXw (Eschatology)˛c≠p Ko°p-

]-Z-ß-fn¬ \n∂mWv (F-kvI-t‰m-kv= Ah-km-\w,

temtKmkv-= hN-\w) Cu hm°p-≠m-b-Xv. A¥y-Im-

cy-ß-sf-°p-dn®v (`m-hn) Hcp hm°v/]T\w F∂¿∞w.

DZv]m-]Ww (Rapture )˛ ""FSp-°-s∏-SpI'' (caughtup) F∂ ssien-bpsS eØo≥ hnh¿Ø-\-am-WnXv

(1 sX . 4:17). hnizm-kn-I-sfsb√mw Xt∂m-Sp-IqsS

taL-ß-fn¬ FSp-°p-∂-Xn\p InkvXp hcp-∂-Xns\

CXp ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p.

atlm-]-Zhw (Tribulation)˛aØmbn 24: 21 ˛¬

I¿Ømhp ap∂-dn-bn® Hcp almIjvS-Im-e-sØ-°p-

dn-°p∂ kmt¶-Xn-I-]-Z-amWp ""atlm-]-Zhw'' (bn-sc.

30:7; Zm\n. 12:1 Dw ImWp-I). Zm\o. 9:27 kqNn-∏n-°p-

∂-Xv, B Ime-b-f-hn\v 7 h¿jsØ ssZ¿Ly-ap-≠m-


409

bn-cn-°p-sa-∂m-Wv (C-hn-SpsØ ""BgvN'' bpsS A¿∞w

Ggp h¿j-sa-∂m-Wv). atlm-]-Z-h-Øns‚ Ah-

km\]Ip-Xn-bmWp alm-I-jvS-Im-e-sa∂p hnfn-°-s∏-

Sp-∂-Xv, AXn\p aq∂-c- h¿jsØ ssZ¿Ly-ap≠v (Zm-

\o. 7:25; 12:7; shfn. 12:14; ""Imehpw Ime-ßfpw Imemw-

ihpw''; shfn. 11:2; 13:5; ""\mev]-Øn-c-≠p- amkw''; shfn.

11:3; 12:6 ""1260 Znhkw'').

atlm-]-Z-h-]q¿∆ DZv]m-]Ww (PretribulationalRapture)˛ hnizm-kn-Iƒ atlm-]-Z-h-Øn-eqsS IS-∂p-

t]m-hp-I-bn-s√∂p≈ ho£Ww. Ah¿ AXn\p aptº

FSp-°-s∏Spw. CXmWv G‰hpw \√ ho£-Ww.

`mKn-tIm-Zv]m-]Ww (Partial Rapture)˛""Bflob-

cmb'' InkvXym-\n-Isf atlm-]-Z-h-Øn\p ap≥]p

InkvXp- \o°n°f-bp-sa∂ ho£-Ww. a‰p-≈-hsc

atlm-]-Zhw t\cn-Sm≥ th≠n hn´p-I-f-bpw.

atlm-]-Z-h-a-≤y-Ønse DZv]m-]Ww (Midtribulation Rapture)˛atlm-]-Z-h-Øns‚ BZysØ aq∂-c-

h¿jw hnizm-kn-Iƒ `qan-bn-em-bn-cn-°pw, F∂m¬

G‰hpw henb ]oU\w XpS-ßp-∂-Xn\p ap≥]v Ah¿

FSp-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂ ho£Ww (A-Xm-b-Xv, Ah-km-

\sØ 31/2 h¿jw).

atlm-]-Z-h-Øn-\p-tijw (Posttribulation)˛Ggp

h¿jsØ apgp-h≥ atlm-]-Z-h-Øn-eq-sSbpw hnizm-

kn-Iƒ t]mI-W-sa∂ ho£-W-am-Wn-Xv. ]ns∂

InkvXp-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-chv (Cu ho£-W-Øn¬ DZv]m-

]-Whpw shfns∏Sepw c≠mw hchpw XΩn¬

bmsXmcp hyXym-k-hp-an√ c≠pw Htc kabw kw -

hn-°p-∂p).

InkvXp-hns‚ \ymbm-k\w (Judgment Seat ofChrist)˛ Cu \ymb-hn[n InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°p amX-

am-Wv. DZv]m-]-W-Øn-\p-ti-j-am-Wv- CXp kw -hn-°pI.

B ka-bØp qan-bn¬ atlm-]-Z-h-am-bn-cn-°pw. ]hr-

Øn-IfpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-bn-cn°pw InkvXym-\n-

Isf \ymbw-hn-[n®p ]Xn-^ew \¬Ip-I. c£

ChnsS hnj-b-a√ (2 sImcn. 5:10; tdma. 14: 10; 1 sImcn.

3:14˛15).

Ip™m-Sns‚ IeymWw (Marriage of the Lamb)˛

InkvXp-hn-\p-th≠n hnhm-l-\n-›bw sNbvX \ne-

bn¬ k` Ahs‚ aW-hm- n-bmWv (2 sImcn. 11:2).

c≠m-asØ BK-a\(sh-fn-s∏-S¬)Øn\p ap≥]p

kz¿§-Øn¬ hnhmlw \S-°p-sa∂p shfn. 19˛¬ ]d-

bp-∂p.

shfn-s∏-S¬, As√¶n¬ c≠mw BK-a\w (Rev-elation/Second Coming)˛ DZv]m-]-W-sØtbm shfn-

s∏-S-en-s\tbm emL-h-ambn kqNn-∏n-°m-\√ ""c≠mw

BK-a\w'' F∂ ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂sX-¶n-epw,

""c≠mw hchpw'' ""shfn-s∏-Sepw'' F∂o ]Z-ßƒ,

atlm-]-Z-h-Øns‚ A¥y-Øn¬ Xs‚ hnip-≤-∑m-

tcm-sSm∏w `qan-bn-te°p≈ InkvXp-hns‚ hc-hn-s\-

bmWp ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂-Xv (D-Zv]m-]-W -sa-∂Xp

InkvXp Xs‚ hnip-≤-∑m¿°p-th≠n, atlm-]-Z-

h-Øn\p ap≥]p taL-ß-fn¬ hcp-∂-Xn-s\- kqNn-∏n-

°p-∂p). DZv]m-]-W-Øn\pw shfn-s∏-S-en\pw at≤y 7

h¿j-ß-fp-≠v. shfn-∏-S-en¬, FXn¿In-kvXp-hns\

\in-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\p l¿Ω-sK-t±m\n¬ InkvXp hcp-

Ibpw Xs‚ cmPyw ÿm]n -°p -Ibpw sNøpw

(bq-Z 14˛15).

PmXn-I-fpsS \ymb-hn[n (Judgment of the Nations)˛ shfn-s∏-S-en-\p-tijw \S-°p∂ \ymb-hn-[n-bm-WnXv.

At∏m-gmWp I¿Ømhp `qan-bn¬ Xs‚ `cWw

ÿm]n-°m≥ XpS-ßp-∂-Xv. ""PmXn-Iƒ'' (Nations)F∂

]Zw FXv\m (ethna/ ethnic)F∂ ]Z-Øn¬ (a-Øm.

25:32) \n∂mWp h∂-Xv. hyXy-kvX-amb P\-hn- m-K-

ß-fn¬s∏-´-h-cpsS \ymb-hn-[n-bm-sW-∂mWv CXv

A¿∞-am-t°-≠-Xv. F√m Ahn-izm-kn-I-sfbpw

\ymbhn[nbnte°v \o°n-°-f-bp-∂-Xn-eq-sS-bpw, atlm-

]-Z-h-Im-eØp c£n-°-s∏- -hsc cmPy-Øn¬ ]thin

°m≥ A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂-Xn-eq-sS-bp-amWv InkvXp Xs‚

cmPyw Bcw- n-°p-∂Xv (25:46, 34).

cmPyw As√¶n¬ kl-km_vZw (Kingdom/Millenium) InkvXp-hns‚ shfn-s∏-S-en-\p-ti-jw,

F√m Ahn-izm-kn-I-sfbpw \o°n-°-f-bp-Ibpw sbcq-

i-te-an¬ Zmho-Zns‚ knwlm-k-\-Øn-en-cp-∂v B-bncw

h¿jw `cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. Bbncw F∂p-f-fXp

eØo≥ ]Z-amWv ans√ (mille). shfn. 20:1˛8˛¬ CXp

ImWmw.

kl-km-_vZ-]q¿∆-hmZw (Premillenialism)˛ Bbncw

h¿jsØ Ime-b-f-hn-\p- apºp InkvXp hcn-I-bpw,

sbcp-i-te-an¬ k∂n-ln-X-\mbn `qan-bn¬ hmgp-Ibpw

sNøpw. CXmWv G‰hpw \√ ho£-Ww.

kl-km_vZ\ntj-[-hmZw (Amillenialism) sb-cqi-

te-an¬ \n∂p-sIm≠v blq-Z-∑msc `cn-°p∂ Hcp

`uanI `cWw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-s√∂ \ne-]m-Sm-Wn-

Xv. kl-km-_vZ-\n-tj-[hm-Zn-Iƒ°n-S-bnse Hcp ASn-

ÿm\ ho£-W-sa-∂-Xv, blq-Z-∑m¿ Ah-cpsS cmPm-

hns\ Xnc-kv°-cn-®p-sh-∂-Xm-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v ]g-b-

\n-b-a-hm-KvZ-Ø-ßƒ \nd-th-d-W-sa-∂p-≈ tbmKy-X-

bn√.

cmPy-ssZ-h-im-kvXw, ]p\¿\n¿Ωm-W-hmZw, \h

kl-km_vZtij-hmZw (Dominioin Theology,Reconstructionism, Neo Postmillenialism)˛ k`


410

ItaW temIsØ `cn-°p-sa∂ ]Tn-∏n-°¬ \S-

Øp∂ ]ÿm-\-Øns‚ ]Z-]-tbm-K-ß-fmWv Ch. Cu

]ÿm-\-Øn-ep-≈-h¿, temIw anI® Bflob\ne-

hm-c-Øn¬ Bbn-Øo-cp-sa∂p ]Xo-£n-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv.

AtX e£y-tØmsS cmjvSo-b-Øn¬ CS-s]-Sp-∂-

Xnepw Ah¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂p. kl-km-_vZ-tijhm-

ZØn¬, c≠mw BK-a-\-Øn\p ap≥]v Bbncw

h¿jsØ InkvXobcmPyw qan-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cn-°pw.

sh≈-knw-lm-k\ \ymb-hn[n(Great White ThroneJudgment) ˛ kl-km-_vZ-Øns‚ HSp-hn¬, c£n-°-

s∏-Sm-Ø-h¿ hnNm-c-W-bv°mbn Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev°p-

I-bpw, I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-kvXp-hns\ c£n-Xm-

hmbn kzoI-cn-°m-Ø-Xn\v Hu]-Nm-cn-I-ambn in£n-°-

s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw (sh-fn. 20:11˛15).

\nXym-hÿ (Eternal State)˛Bbncw h¿j-Øns‚

HSp-hn¬, `qan-bnse cmPyhpw kz¿§-Ønse cmPyhpw

XΩn¬ ebn-°pw. CXp kz¿§w-t]mseXs∂-bm-Wv.

A¥y-Im-e-im-kvX-]-T\w kwL-Sn-∏n°m≥ At\I

\√ hgn-I-fp-≠v. _u≤n-I-amb (Im-em-\p-I-asØ

FXn¿°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se) Hcp ]h-N-\-hy-hÿ D≠m-

°p∂-Xn¬ \n∂v Hcmƒ°p t\ -ap-≠m-°m≥ Ign-bpw.

hy‡-amb kXy-ß-fn¬ \n∂p IqSp-X¬ k¶o¿Æ-

amb Imcy-ß-fn-te°p t]mIm-\p-am-hpw. H∂m-a-Xmbn,

bnkm-tb-en\p `qan-bn¬ Hcp cmPyw thZ-]p-kvXIw

hmKvZØw sN-øp-∂p-sh∂v Ffp∏w sXfn-bn-°m-hp-∂-

XmWv (`mKw XIII, "InkvXp-hns‚ `qan-bnse cmPyw'

ImWp-I). ASp-Ø-Xm-bn, InkvXp-hns‚ Hen-hp-a-e-]-

`m-j-W-Øn¬, Cu cmPy-Øn\p apºmbn Ah≥ `q-an-

bn-te°p hcp-sa-∂pw, B hc-hn\p apt∂m-Sn-bmbn Hcp

]oU-\-Im-e-b-f-hp-≠m-Ip-sa∂pw hy‡-am-°p∂p (D-Zm.

aØm. 24:21, 27˛31). InkvXp-hns‚ c≠mw hc-hns\

kqNn-∏n-°p∂ thZ- m-K-ßƒ, AXn\p c≠p Xe-ß-

fp-f-f-Xmbn hni-Zo-I-cn-°p∂p F∂-Xm-Wv ASpØ ]Sn

(H∂v Ah≥ Xs‚ hnip-≤-∑m¿°mbn taL-ß-

fn¬h∂v Ahsc kz¿§-Øn-te°v tN¿°p-∂-Xn-\pw,

as‰m∂v Ah≥ Xs‚ hnip-≤-∑m-cp-ambn qan-bn-te°p

h∂v ChnsS Hcp cmPyw ÿm]n-°m≥ XpS-cp-I-bp-sa-

∂-Xv). Cu c≠p Xe-ßƒ°p-an-S-bn¬ Hcp Ime-hn-S-

hp≠v. BZysØ Xew alm-]o-U-\-Im-e-Øn\p ap≥]m-

bn-cn-°pw. Hcp A¥y-Im-e-im-kvX-hy-h-ÿsb I¿°-

i-amb _p≤n-tbmsS kao-]n-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂v, apt∂-

dnb thZ-]-Tn-Xm-°ƒ°p ]tbm-P\w Gsd e`n-t®-

°mw, F∂m-epw, CtX kao-]\w XpS-°-°msc Bi-

b-°p-g-∏-Øn-em-°n-tb°pw. thZ-]p-kvXI A¥y-Im-

e-im-kvX-hp-ambn henb ]cn-N-b-an-√m-Ø-h¿°p-

th≠n, IqSp-X¬ Imem-\p-I-a-amb kao-]-\-amWv Cu

]T\w ]n≥Xp-S-cp-∂X.v


atlm-]-Z-h- ]q¿∆/ kl-km-_vZ- ]q¿∆ -k-a-b-∏- nI

-InkvXp-hns‚ \ymbm-k\w Ip™m-Sns‚ IeymWw

-kz¿§w

DZv]m-]Ww (1)

k`

`qan

atlm-]-Z-h- Imew

(Ggp h¿jw)

3 1/2h¿jw † 3 1/

2h¿jw

]pXn-b- B-Imiw

]pXnb `qan

alm-]o-U\w

sKl∂m

(Xos∏mbvI)slUokv

(]mXmfw)

sh≈ knwlm-k\ \ymb-hn[n (3)

shfn-s∏-S¬ AYhm c≠mw BK-a\w

l¿Ω-sK-t±m≥ (2)

kl-km-_vZ-hmgvN

(1000-h¿jw)

PmXn-I-fpsS

\ymb-hn[n

At∏m. ]hr. 2

(1) k`m- hn-ip-≤-∑m-cpsS Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂ev∏v(2) -]-g-b -\n-b-a, atlm-]-Zh hnip-≤-∑m-cpsS

Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂ev]v(3) c£n-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-h-cpsS

Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂ev]v/ c≠mw acWw

411

II. k`m-hy-h-ÿ-bpsS ]mT-]-≤-Xn-°m-bp≈ Xncp-

h-N-\-]-Xo-£-Iƒ

[m¿Ωn-I-X-bp-sSbpw Bflo-b-X-bp-sSbpw hy‡-amb

A[:]X-\-Øn-s\m∏w, Hcp InkvXob cmjvSo-b-\-S-

]-Sn-°m-bp≈ Blzm-\-Øn\p hne-bp-≠v. ""\oXn

PmXnsb Db¿Øp∂p'' (k-Zr. 14:34). F∂-Xn-t\mSv

F√m InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°pw tbmPn-°m≥ Ign-bpw. aqey-

Øn-\m-bp≈ aqeyw amX-amWp \√-Xv. F√m InkvXym-

\n-Ifpw Ah-cpsS kmaqly DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ß-sf-°p-

dn®p t_m[-ap-≈-h-cp-am-bn-cn-°-Ww.

F¶n-epw, B[p-\nI ssIkvX-h¿ cmjvSob CS-s]-

S-ens\ hfsc AI-se-\n-∂p≈ XXz-Nn-¥m-a-WvU-e-

Øn¬ \n∂mWv ho£n-°p-∂-Xv. Nne¿ hniz-kn-°p-

∂-Xv, temIsØ kphn-ti-jw-aqew c£n-°p-∂-XmWp

k -bpsS ]Ya ZuXy-sa-∂v. kmaq-lyhpw cmjvSo-b-

hp-amb ]b-Xv\-ßsf Ch¿ c≠mw-InS ]≤-Xn-I-fm-

°pw. k`sb AXns‚ ]m´n\p hnSp-I-sb-∂-XmWv Hcp

k¿°m-cn\p sNøm-hp∂ G‰hpw \√ Im-cy-sa∂v

Ah¿ Icp-Xp∂p (H. t\m. 1 Xnsam. 2:1˛2se ""kam-

[m\w-''). k`bv°v AXns‚ ZuXy-\n¿∆l-W-Øn-\p≈

kzmX¥yw sImSp-°p-I. ASn-ÿm\ ]Ir-Xn-\n-b-a-

Øns‚ apt∂-‰-Øn\p k¿°m¿ ssZh-Øn\p IW°p

sImSp-°Ww (tdm-a. 2:14- 15). F∂m¬ tamsi-bpsS

\ymb-]-amWw apgp-h≥ kaq-l-Øn-s‚ta¬ Npa-Øm≥

InkvXym-\n-Iƒ BK-ln-°-cp-Xv. \n¿_-‘n-X-ambn

Bcm-[n-°p-Ibpw hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw sImSp-°p-Ibpw

sNøp∂ Hcp ssZhm-[n-]-Xy-cmPyw Ah¿ Xo¿®-

bmbpw BK-ln-°p-∂p-an-√.

a‰p InkvXym-\n-Iƒ cmjvSob/kmaq-ly-]-h¿Ø-

\sØ kao-]n-°p-∂Xp hyXykvX ]Xo-£-I-tfm-sS-

bm-Wv. InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°p hmkvX-h-Øn¬ kaq-l-

Øns‚ kmaqly/ cmjvSo-b-ÿm-]-\-ß-fpsS B[n-

]-Xy-Øn-eqsS kaq-lsØ ]p\¿\n¿Ωn-°m-sa-∂mWv

Ah¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xv. HSp-hn¬ Hcp InkvXob kaq-

l-am-bn-cn°pw D-≠m-hpIsb∂v Ah¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂p

(tam-si-bpsS \ymb-]-amWw Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈ thZ-

]pkvX-I -\n-b-a-Øm¬ `cn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp ssZhm-[n-

]-Xyw) B kaqlw AXns‚ cmPm-hns‚ ]p\-cm-K-a-

\sØ kzoI-cn-°m≥ Hcp-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Cu Nn¥m-

]oTw ]e t]cp-I-fn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p, ""ssZhm-[n-]Xy

kl-km-_vZ-ti-j-hmZw '', ""]p\¿\n¿Ωm-W-hmZw''/

""B[n--]-Xy-ssZ-h-im-kvXw.'' Icn-kvam-‰n-°pIƒ°n-S-bn-

emWv AXn\p hf¿®-bp-≈-Xv. hy‡n-]-c-amb A¤p-

X-ß-fn-te°v Ah-cpsS hnizmkw am‰m-\p≈ ]h-W-

X-bmWv Ah¿°v. kaq-l-Øn\p apgp-h≥ A¤p-X-I-

c-amb Hcp am‰-ap-≠m-Ip-sa∂v Ah¿ ]Xym-in-°p-∂p.

CXp bmYm-ÿn-XnI \ho-IcW/]kv_n-t‰-dn-b≥

hrØ-ß-fnepw ]_-e-am-Wv.

bmYmÿn-XnI¿s°√mw hyXy-kvX-X-Isf°mƒ

kmay-ß-fp-≈-t∏mƒ, B[n-]-Xy-ssZ-h-im-kvX-Øns‚

bmYm¿∞y-a-√mØ ]Xo-£-Iƒ N¿® sNøp-∂-Xpw,

k`bpsS ]c-a-]-[m-\-e£y-amb kphn-ti-jo-I-c-W-

Øn¬\n∂p k` hyXn-N-en-®p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xns‚ A]-I-

SsØ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂Xpw icn-bm-b -Im-cy-am-Wv.

cmPysØ AIØp sIm≠p-h-cp-∂-X√ k`-bpsS

tPmen. k -bpw `c-W-Iq-Shpw XΩn-ep≈ kl-\o-b-

amb _‘-ßƒ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ hym]vXn h¿≤n-

∏n-°m≥I-gn-bpw. \nbaw aqehpw cmjvSo-bw-aq-ehpw

kaq-lsØ am‰m-sa∂p Icp-Xp-∂-h¿°p taml- w-K-

ap-≠mIpw. kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ ]cn-]q¿Æ-amb hnP-b-

ambn- k- m-bp-KsØ Xncp-h-N\w NnXo-I-cn-°p-∂n-√.

InkvXp-hns‚ c≠mw hc-hn-\p-th≠n k` Bflob-

X-bpsS D®-tIm-Sn-bn-se-Øntb Xocq F∂pw k` ]Tn-

∏n-°p-∂n-√.2 AXn\p hn]-co-X-am-bn- m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v Cu

]T-\-Øn¬ sXfn-bpw IqSm-sX, k` ssZh-cm-Py-Øns‚

cq]-am-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ, mhn-bn¬ ssZhw ]h¿Øn-°p-

∂Xv bnkm-tb¬ aqe-am-bn-cn-°pw, h¿Ø-am-\-k- -bn-

eq-sS-bm-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√. thZ-]p-kvXIw hmKvZØw

sNøp∂ kam-[m-\w, \oXn, hnip≤n F∂nh sIm≠p-

h-cp-∂Xv Aß-s\-bm-Wv.

h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-b-f-hn¬ temIw k- sb sISp-Øn-°-

f-bp-I-bn-√-sb-∂Xv (aØm. 16:18) temIsØ apgp-h≥

Bflo-b-am-tbm, cmjvSo-b-am-tbm, k` Iog-S-°p-I-

bn-s√∂ kXywt]mse-X-s∂-bmWv CXpw. \∑-Xn-∑-

I-fpsS Hcp Ie¿∏m-bn-cn°pw. InkvXp-hns‚ it≤-

b-amb an° D]-a-I-fp-sSbpw BsI-Øp-I-bm-Wn-Xv.

A-\-¥cw tbip ]pcp-jm-csØ ]d-™-b-®n´p

ho´n¬ h∂p, injy-∑m¿ Ahs‚ ASp-°¬

sN∂v: hb-ense If-bpsS D]a sXfn-bn®p

Xtc-Wsasb∂v At]-£n-®p. AXn\v Ah≥

DØcw ]d-™Xv: ""\√ hnØp hnX-bv°p-∂-

h≥ a\p-jy-]p-X≥; hb¬ temIw; \√ hnØp

2 InkvXp-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hn\p ap≥]v kphn-tijw temI-Øn¬ hym]n-°p-sa∂p ap∂-dn-bn∏p \¬Ip∂ thZ-`m-K-ßƒ, k`m-bp-K-tØmSp tbmPn-t°-≠p∂ Bh-iy-an-√. k`m-bp-K-Im-e-b-f-hn¬ kphn-tijw temI-sa-ºmSpw t]mtI-≠n-b-t∏mƒ atlm-]-Z-h-Im-e-b-f-hn¬ amXta CXp \nd-th-dm≥ km≤y-X-bp-≈q, k`m-Im-e-b-f-hn-e-√. aØm 24:14t]mep≈ hmIy-ßƒ alm-]o-U-\-Im-e-b-f-hns\ kmt¶-Xn-I-ambn Dƒs∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. atlm-]-Z-h-Øn¬ kphn-tijwtemI-Øn-\p sImSp-°p-∂Xv c≠p-km-£n-Iƒ aptJ-\-bm-bn-cn°pw (sh-fn. 11:3˛12), H∂v ]d-°p∂ Hcp ZqX≥ (sh-fn.14:6) apZ-bn-S-s∏´ (a-c-W-Øn¬ \n∂p kwc-£n-°-s∏- , shfn7:3˛8) 144, 000 km£n-Iƒ.


412

cmPy-Øns‚ ]pX-∑m¿; If ZpjvSs‚ ]pX-

∑m¿; AXp hnX® iXp ]nimNv; sImbvØp

temIm-h-km\w; sImøp-∂-h¿ ZqX-∑m¿; If

Iqń Xobnen´p NpSpw-t]mse temIm-h-km-\-

Øn¬ kw -hn-°pw. a\p-jy-]p-X≥ Xs‚ ZqX-

∑msc Abbv°pw; Ahs‚ cmPy-Øn¬ \n∂v

F√m CS¿®-I-sfbpw A[¿Ωw ]h¿Øn-°p-

∂-h-scbpw Iqń-t®¿Øp Xo®q-f-bn¬ C´p-I-f-

bpw, AhnsS Ic-®nepw ]√p-I-Snbpw D≠m-Ipw.

A∂p \oXn-am-∑m¿ Xß-fpsS ]nXm-hns‚ cmPy-

Øn¬ kqcy-s\-t∏mse ]Im-in°pw. sNhn-bp-

f-f-h≥ tIƒ°s´'' (a-Øm. 13:36˛43).

""]n-s∂bpw kz¿§-cmPyw IS-en¬ CSp-∂Xpw

F√m-hI ao\pw ]nSn-°p-∂-Xp-am-sbmcp he-

tbmSp kZriw. Ah¿ AXp hen®p Icbv°p

Ib-‰n, Ccp-∂p-sIm≠v \√Xp ]mX-ß-fn¬ Iqń-

h-®p, NoØ Fdn-™p-I-f-™p. Aßs\

Xs∂ temIm-h-km-\-Øn¬ kw -hn°pw; ZqX-

∑m¿ ]pd-s∏´p \oXn-am-∑m-cpsS CS-bn¬

\n∂p ZpjvS-∑msc th¿Xn-cn®p Xo®q-f-bn¬

C´p-I-fbpw; AhnsS Ic-®nepw ]√p-I-Snbpw

D≠mIpw'' (a-Øm. 13:47˛50).

I¿Øm-hns‚ H∂mw BK-a-\-Øn\pw c≠mw B-K-a-

\-Øn\panS-bn¬ Ahs‚ cmPy-Øn\p hmkvX-h-amb

]ptcm-K-Xn -bp -≠m-Ip -sa∂v Htc ]kw-K-Øn¬

I¿Ømhp ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. ISp-Ip-a-Wn-bp-sSbpw ]pfn-

am-hns‚bpw D]-a-Iƒ t\m°pI (a-Øm. 13:31˛33).

F∂n-cp-∂m-epw, bpKm-h-km-\-Ønepw temIw \∑-Xn-

∑-I-fp-sS Hcp k¶-c-am-bn-cn-°pw.

kphn-ti-j-Øm¬ hy‡n-Isf temI-Øn¬ \n∂p

hnSp-hn-°p-∂-Xn¬ k`bv°p ip`m-]vXn-hn-izm-k-tØmsS

Bbn-cn-°m-\mhpw (Hmtcm Bflmhpw ][m-\-s∏-´-

XmWv, eqt°m 15:7, 10 ImWp-I). k` ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-

sa∂p t]Sn-°-cpXv (a-Øm. 16: 18; At∏m. ]h. 1:8)

]mtZ-in-Ihpw XmXv°m-en-I-hpamb DW¿∆n-\mbn

InkvXym-\n-Iƒ ]m¿∞n-°p-Ibpw ]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw

thWw. Ah km≤y-amWv. ]cn-an-X-amb hnP-b-Øns‚

]Xo-£-I-fp-s≠-¶n-epw, k`m-bp-K-Øn¬ temIw

InkvXp-hn\p k-a¿∏n-°p-sa∂p hN\w ]d-bp-∂n-√.

kaq-lsØ cq]m-¥-c-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ tamsi-bpsS \ymb-

]-amWw kaq-l-Øn-s‚-ta¬ Npa-Øp∂ \ne-bn¬

ssZh-]-hr-Ønsb InkvXym\n ho£n-°-W-sa∂

t]m’m-l-\hpw ss__nƒ \evIp-∂n-√.

""CSp°p hmXn-eneqsS AIØp IS-∏n≥; \mi-

Øn-te°p t]mIp∂ hmXn¬ hoXn-bp-≈Xpw

hgn hnim-ehpw AXn¬°qSn IS-°p-∂-h¿

At\-Icpw BIp-∂p. Poh-¶-te°p t]mIp∂

hmXn¬ CSp-°hpw hgn sRcp-°-hp-ap-≈Xv;

AXp Is≠-Øp-∂-h¿ Npcp -°-atX

(a-Øm. 7: 13˛14).

A¥y-Im-eØp Zp¿L-S-k-a-b-ßƒ hcpw

F∂-dn-I. a\p-jy¿ kzkvt\-ln-Ifpw hºp -]-

d-bp-∂-hcpw Al-¶m-cn-Ifpw Zqj-I-∑mcpw AΩ-

b-∏-∑msc A\p-k-cn-°m-Ø-hcpw \µn-sI- -h-cpw

Aip-≤cpw hm’-ey-an-√m-Ø-hcpw CW-ßm-Ø-

hcpw Gj-Wn-°mcpw APn-tX-µn-b-∑mcpw DK-

∑mcpw k¬Kp-W-tZz-jn-Ifpw tZmln-Ifpw

[m¿jvSy-°mcpw \nK-fn-I-fp-ambn ssZh-]n-b-an-

√msX t`mK-]n-b-cmbn, `‡n-bpsS thjw

[cn®v- A-Xns‚ i‡n XyPn-°p-∂-h-cp-am-bn-cn-

°pw. Aß-s\-bp-≈-hsc hns´m-gn -bp-I...

F∂m¬ InkvXp-tb-ip-hn¬ ‡n-tbmsS Pohn-

°m≥ a\- p-≈-h¿s°√mw D]-Z-h-ap-≠m-Ipw.

ZpjvS-a-\p-jy-cpw, ambm-hn-Ifpw h©n®pw

h©n-°-s∏- pw-sIm≠p ta¬°p-ta¬ tZmj-

Øn¬ apXn¿∂p-hcpw (2 Xntam. 3:1˛5, 12˛13).

III. Hcp km[p-hmb (valid) Nn¥m-K-Xn-sb∂ \ne-

bn¬ DZv]m-]Ww

""cl-tkym-Zv]m-]W'' sa∂ Nn¥m-K-Xnsb Nne¿ ]cn-

l-kn-®p-sh-∂Xp kXy-am-sW-¶n-epw, InkvXp-hns‚

aS-ßn-h-c-hn\p c≠p- X-e-ßƒ/ LS-I-ß-fp-s≠∂p

Xncp-h-N\w kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xmbn ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p. H∂m-

asØ XesØ eØo≥ hnh¿Ø-\-a-\p-k-cn®v

(1 sX . 4:17) ""FSp-°-s∏-SpI''/ ""dm©-s∏-SpI''

F∂¿∞-ap≈ DZv]m-]-W-sa∂pw hnfn-°p-∂p. ""DZv]m-

]W''(rapture-)hpw""_-em-’wK''(rape)hpw Htc Dd-hn-

S-Øn¬\n-∂m-sW∂Xp sshNnXy-ambntØm∂mw.

c≠pw ]nSn-s®-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠p-t]m-hp-I-sb∂ Bi-b-am-

Wt√m \¬Ip-∂Xv.

Cu hnjbw Kln-°p-∂-Xn\p klm-b-I-amb Nne

ASn-ÿm\hnh-c-ßƒ \¬In-b-tijw, InkvXp-hns‚

aS-ßn-h-c-hns‚ c≠p Xe-ßƒ Cu `mKw hnI-kn-∏n-

°pw. H∂m-a-tØXv DZv]m-]-W-am-Wv. AXp atlm-]-

Z-h-Øn\p ap≥]p kw- -hn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.-A-XmWp sXm -

SpØ ]mh-N-\n-I-kw- hw. DZv]m-]Ww \S-°p-∂-Xn\p

ap≥]v \nd-th-td-≠-sXm-∂p-an-√. tNmtZym-Ø-c-co-Xn-bn¬

\ap°p ]n≥Xp-Scmw.

A. Hcp `mhn ""alm-]o-U-\-Ime'' aps≠∂v Fßs\

\ap-°-dnbmw?

`qan-bv°p≠m-Ip∂ alm-I-jvS-sØ-°p-dn®v Xncp-sh-gp-

Øp-Iƒ ap∂-dn-bn∏p \¬Ip-∂p. ""bmt°m-_ns‚ IjvS-


413

Ime''sa∂v bnsc-aymhv (30:7) kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. AXn¬

\n∂p≈ hnSp-Xepw H∏w kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. CXp

`mhnIme-tØmSp _‘-s∏- m-Wn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Imc-Ww,

hnSp-X-ens‚ Hcp- `m-Ksa∂ \ne-bn¬ ssZhw Zmho-

Zns\ cmPm-hmbn ""Fgp-t∂-ev]n°p-sa∂v'' hmIyw 9

]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. bnsc. 30:24 ]d-bp-∂p, ""`mhn-Im-eØp

\nßƒ AXp Kln°pw''. bnkm-tb-ens‚ alm-I-jvS-

Im-e--sØ-°p-dn®p Zm\o-tb¬ 12 Dw ]d-bp-∂p.

""B ImeØp \ns‚ kzPm-Xn-°m¿°p XpW-

\n¬°p∂ alm-]-`p-hmb aoJm-tb¬ Fgp-

t∂¬°pw; Hcp PmXn D≠m-b-Xp-ap-X¬ Cu

Imew hsc kw`-hn-®n-ń-√mØ IjvS-Imew

D≠m-Ipw; A∂p \ns‚ P\w, ]pkvX-I-Øn¬

Fgp -Xn -°m-Wp∂ Gh\pw Xs∂, c£

]m]n°pw'' (Zm-\o. 12:1).

]g-b-\n-bawt]mse Xs∂ ]pXn-b-\n-b-ahpw hy‡-am-

°p∂ Hcp Imcyw, A¥y-Im-eØp qan AXn-t‚-Xmb

`b-¶-cXzw A\p- -hn-°p-sa-∂m-Wv. atlm-]-Z-h-Im-e-b-

f-hn-s\-°p-dn®p InkvXp-hns‚ D]-tZiw Xs∂ \√

sXfn-hmWv (a-Øm. 24:15˛30; a¿t°m. 13:1˛37; eqt°m.

21:1˛38). Cu `b-¶-c-Im-esØ Zm\otb-ens‚ ]pkvX-

I-Ønse ]Tn-∏n-°-ep-ambn I¿Ømhp Xpe\w sNøp-

∂Xp i≤n-°pI (H. t\m. aØm. 24:15 Dw; Zm\o. 9:

27, 11:36).

""F∂m¬ Zm\otb¬ ]hm-N-I≥ apJm-¥cw

Acp-fn-sN-bvX-Xp-t]m-se, "iq\y-am-°p∂

tæOX'' hnip≤ ÿeØp \n¬°p-∂Xp

\nßƒ ImWp-tºmƒ˛ hmbn-°p-∂-h≥ Nn¥n-

®p-sIm-≈-s´˛ A∂p blq-Zy-bn-ep-≈-h¿ ae-I-

fn-te°v HmSn-t∏m-I-s´. hoSn-t∑¬ Ccn-°p-∂-h≥

hoń-ep-≈Xv FSp-t°-≠-Xn\v Cd-ß-cp-Xv. hb-

en-ep≈-h≥ hkvXw FSp-°m≥ aS-ßn-t∏m-I-

cpXv. B ImeØp K¿`n-Wn-Iƒ°pw ape IpSn-

∏n-°p-∂-h¿°pw Atøm IjvSw! F∂m¬ \nß-

fpsS Hm-Sn-t∏m°p ioX-Im-e-tØm, i∫-Øntem

kw -hn-°m-Xn-cn-∏m≥ ]m¿∞n-°p-hn≥. temIm-

cw`w apX¬ C∂p-h-scbpw kw`-hn-®n-ń-√m-

ØXpw C\n-ta¬ kw -hn-°m-ØXpamb henb

IjvSw A∂p-≠mIpw. B \mfp-I-ƒ Npcp-ßm-

Xn-cp-∂m¬ Hcp PUhpw c£n-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn√;

hrX-∑m¿ \nan-Øtam B \mfp-Iƒ Npcpßpw;

A∂v Bcm\pw \nß-tfmSv: CXm, InkvXp Chn-

sS, A√ AhnsS F∂p ]d-™m¬ hniz-kn-

°-cp-Xv. I≈ InkvXp-°fpw I≈-]-hm-N-I-

∑mcpw Fgp-t∂‰p Ign-bp-sa-¶n¬ hrX-∑m-scbpw

sX‰n -°m-\mbn henb AS-bm -f -ßfpw

A¤pXßfpw ImWn-°pw. Hm¿Øp-sImƒhn≥,

Rm≥ ap≥Iqń \nß-tfmSp ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p''

(a-Øm. 24:15˛25).

""kam-[m-\-sa∂pw \n¿`-b-sa∂pw'' `qhm-kn-Iƒ ]d-

bp∂ ImeØp s]s´∂p h∂p `hn-°p∂ Hcp \mi-

sØ-°p-dn®v At∏m-kvX-e-\mb ]utemkv ]cm-a¿in-

°p-∂p≠v ( 1 sX . 5:1 ). sImSnb hnizmkXymK-

Øn-te°p ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ am‰p-sa-∂pw, A[¿Ω-

aq¿Øn ssZh-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ Bcm-[\ Bh-iy-s∏-

Sp-Ipbw sNøp-sa∂pw ]utemkv D]-tZ-in-°p-∂p≠v

(2 sX . 2:3˛12).

HSp-hn-em-bn, shfn-∏mSv 4˛19 -h-sc-bp≈ A≤ym-b-ß-fn-

ep≈ kw -h-ßƒ CXp-hsc kw -hn-®n- p-an-√, apt∂-

dp-∂p-an-√m-sb∂ \nK-a-\-Øn-te-°mWv AXns‚ B£-

cnI hymJym\w FØn-°p-∂-Xv. Chn-sS-∏-d-bp∂ Zpc-

¥-ßƒ `mhn-ImetØ°p-f-fXpw Hcp IjvS-Im-e-

tØmSp _‘-s∏- -h-bp-am-Wv.

atlm-]-Z-h-Im-e-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ ]tXyI ]T\w

XpS¿∂p≈ mK-ß-fn-ep-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. atlm-]-Z-h-Im-

e-sa-∂Xv Hcp thZ-]p-kvXI Nn¥m-K-Xn-bm-sW∂p

ÿm]n-°p-∂-XmWv DS-\Sn sNtø-≠-Xv. Cß-s\,

DZv]m-]Ww AXn\p ap≥]m-tWm, AtXm AXn-\p-

ti-j-am-tWm-sb∂p hmZn-°m≥ AXn-S-h-cp-Øp-∂p.

B. atlm-]-Zhw 7 h¿jsØ Ime-b-f-hm-sW∂v

At\I ssZh-im-kvX-⁄-∑mcpw Icp-Xp-∂-sX-¥p-

sIm-≠mWv?

aØm. 24:15- ¬, Zm\o. 9:27 ¬]d-bp∂ Ime-b-f-hn-t\mSp

`mhn]oU-\-Im-e-b-f-hns\ tbip tbmPn-∏n®p ]d-bp-

∂p.- Hcp ""BgvN-h´'' sa∂p Zm\otb¬ ]cm-a¿in-°p-

∂p. B Ime-Øns‚ D]-hn- m-K-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ BgvN-

h-´-Øns‚ a[y-`m-K-Øn\v At±lw ]m[m-\yhpw

\¬Ip-∂p-≠v. hcm≥ t]mIp∂ Hcp ZpjvS-]`p ""BgvN-

h´''Øns‚ a[y-Øn¬ bnkm-tb-ep-am-bp≈ kam-[m\

DS-ºSn ewLn°pw. ssZhm-e-b-Ønse bmK-ß-ƒ

Ah≥ \n¿Ø-em-°p-Ibw, ssZh-sa∂ \ne-bn-ep≈

BZcw Ah-\m-K-ln-°p-Ipbw sNøpw (Zm-\o. 11:36;

2 sX . 2:4).

""F∂m¬ Zm\n-tb¬ ]hm-N-I≥ apJm-¥cw

Acp-fn-s®-bvX-Xp-t]mse iq\y-am-°p∂ tæ—X

hnip-≤-ÿ-e-Øp-\n¬°p∂Xp \nßƒ ImWp-

tºmƒ˛ hmbn-°p-∂-h≥ Nn¥n-®p-sIm-≈-s´˛

A∂p blq-Zy-bn-ep-≈-h¿ ae-I-fn-te°v HmSn-

t∏m-I-s´(-a-Øm. 24:15˛16).

""Ah≥ Hcp BgvN-h- -tØ°p ]e-tcmSpw \nb-

asØ ITn-\-am°pw; BgvN-h- -Øns‚ at≤y


414

Ah≥ l\-\-bm-Khpw t`mP-\-bm-Khpw \n¿Ø-

em°n°fbpw; tæ—-X-I-fpsS Nnd-In-t∑¬

iq\y -am-°p∂h≥ hcpw; \n¿Æbn°-s∏-´n-cn-

°p∂ kam-]vXn-tbmfw iq\y-am-°p-∂-hs‚ta¬

tIm]w sNmcnbpw'' (Zm-\o. 9:27).

Zm\otb¬ 9˛¬ ""BgvN-h´''sa∂p hnh¿Ø\w

sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xns‚ A¿-∞w, Ggns‚ Hcp KWw/

NIw F∂m-Wv. AXv Hcp ka-b-Øns‚ GI-I-a-√.

\ap°v Ggp Znh-k-ß-fpsS BgvN-h- -ap-≈-Xp-t]m-se,

blq-Z-∑m¿ Ggp h¿j NI-hp-ambn ]cn-Nn-X-cm-bn-cp-

∂p. Bdp-h¿jw Ah-cpsS `qan-bn¬ Ir-jn-sN-bvXn- v,

Ggmw h¿jw AXp Xcn-in-Sp-am-bn-cp∂p (te-hy. 25:

3˛4). Ggmw h¿jsØ i∫Øp(rest)Imebfhmb

490 h¿jw F_m-b¿°p ]men-°m≥ Ign-™n-√.

AXp-sIm≠v 70 h¿jsØ ]hmkw Ah¿°p-ta¬

ssZhw Npa-Øn. Ah¿ Ah-K-Wn® i∫-Øp-h¿j-

ßƒ hos≠-Sp-°p-∂-Xn\p th≠n-bm-bn-cp∂p AXv (2

Zn\. 36:21). Zm\o. 9:27˛se kml-Ncyw, ]tXy-In ®pw

hm. 2, Cu 70 h¿jsØ in£ IW-°n-se-Sp-°p-Ibpw

7 BgvN-h- -sa-∂Xv Ggp Znh-k-ß-f-√, Ggp h¿j-am-

sW∂ Nn¥-bn-te°p \bn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

""BgvN-h-´-ßƒ'' Ggp h¿j-ambn hymJym-\n-°p-

tºmƒ, ain-lm-bpsS H∂mw hc-hns‚ IrXy-amb kabw

ad-\o-°p-I-bmWv.3 Zm\n-tb-ens‚ BgvN-h- -ßƒ Ggp

h¿j-am-sW∂ hymJym-\sØ CXv Dd-∏n-°p-∂p.

Zm\n-tb¬ 9:27 se ""Hcp BgvN-h- -°mew'' aØm 24:

15 se IjvS(tribulation)tØmSp _‘-s∏-SpØn Inkv

Xp ]d-bp-∂p. AXv Ggp Znh-k-a-√, Ggp h¿j-am-Wv.

a‰p ka-b-kq-N-\-Iƒ atlm-]-Z-hsØ aq∂-c -h¿j-

ambn hy‡-am-°p-∂p. ""Imehpw Ime-ßfpw Imemw-

ihpw'' F∂ ssien-bpsS A¿∞w ""Hcp h¿jw +

c≠p h¿jw+ Ac h¿jw'' F∂m-Wv. Zm\o. 7:25; 12:

7; shfn. 12:14 F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ CXp ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p.

CXp atlm-]-Z-h-Øns‚ c≠mw ]Ip-Xn-bm-Wv. hnip-

≤-\-K-csØ 42 amkw Nhn- n-°-f-bp-sa-∂pw, 42 amkw

arKw ssZh-Zq-jWw ]d-bp-sa∂pw shfn-∏m-Sn¬ hmbn-

°p∂p (shfn. 11:2; 13:5 ImWp-I). aq∂c h¿j-Øn\p

Xpey-amWv 42 amkw. Zm\o. 9:27 se BgvN-h- -Øns‚

a≤yw apX¬ Ah-km\w hsc AXp ImWn-°p-∂p.

Cßs\ apgp-h≥ ""BgvN-h´w'' Ggp h¿j-am-bn-cn-°pw.

shfn. 11:3 se c≠p km£n-Iƒ 1260 Znhkw

]hNn°pw (CXp 30 Znh-k-ßƒ hoX-ap≈ 42 amk-

ßƒ 3 1 / 2 h¿j-am-bn-cn-°pw). shfn. 12:6 se kvXo

(bn-km-tb¬) 1, 260 Znhkw sImSnb ]oU-\-a-\p- -hn-

°pw. Ah-km-\-Im-e-b-fhp Zm\o. 9: 27 se BgvN-h- -

Øns‚ Ah-km-\-]-Ip-Xn-tbmSp tbmPn-°p-∂p. 4

atlm-]-Z-h-Øns‚ a≤yw apX¬ Ah-km\w hsc

3 1/ 2 h¿j-am-sW∂v (Imew, Ime-ßƒ, Imemwiw / 42

amkw/ 1, 260 Znh-kw) F√m sXfn-hp-Ifpw Nq≠n-°m-

´p-∂p. apgp-h≥ Ime-b-fhv Ggp h¿j-am-bn-cn-°pw.

Hcp atlm-]-Z-h-Im-e-b-fhv D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. AXn\v

Ggp h¿jsØ ssZ¿Ly-ap-≠m-Ipw. c≠mw BK-a-

\-Øn\pw kl-km-_vZ-cm-Py-Øn\pw ap≥]m-bn-

cn°pw AXv.

C. kl-km-_vZ-cmPyw ÿm]n-°m≥ InkvXp aS-ßn-

h-cp-∂-Xn\p ap≥]v Cu atlm-]-Z-h-ap-≠m-Ip-sa∂p

\mw ]d-bp-∂Xv F¥p-sIm≠v?

iXp-°sf apSn®v Hcp cmPyw ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn\p≈

cmPm-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-c-thmsS atlm-]-Z-h-Im-e-b-fhv

Ah-km-\n-°p-sa∂v kphn-ti-j-ßfpw shfn-∏mSpw ]d-

bp-∂p. aØm. 4:15˛25 atlm-]-Z-h-sØ-°p-dn®p ]Tn-∏n-

°p-∂p. a\p-jy-]p-Xs‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hn¬ AXv Ah-km-

\n-°p-sa∂v hm. 29˛31 Du∂n-∏-d-bp-∂p-≠v. AtX Ah-

k-c-Øn¬ I¿Ømhp ]Tn-∏n-®-Xv, Ah≥ aS-ßn-h-cp-

tºmƒ PmXn-Isf (nations) \ymbw hn[n-°p-Ibpw

Xs‚ BSp-Iƒ°p amXw ]th-i-\-ap≈ cmPyw

ÿm]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-sa-∂mWv (a-Øm. 25:31 ff).

atlm-]-Zhw ap≥t] \S-°p-Ibpw Inkv-Xp-hns‚

c≠mw BK-a-\-Øn¬ AXv Ah-km-\n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-

sa∂p shfn-∏mSp ]pkvXIw (shfn. 19:11 ff). ]Tn-∏n-

°p-∂p. I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hn-s\-Øp-S¿∂v

Ahs‚ sshcn-Iƒ°p kºq¿Æ-\miap≠mIpIbpw,

Bbn-cw-h¿jsØ ssZ¿Ly-ap≈ Hcp- hm-gvN-bp-≠m-

IpIbpw-sNøpw (sh-fn. 19:19˛20: 6; 1000 h¿jw 6 XhW

shfn. 20:2˛7 ¬ Im-W-s∏-Sp-∂p).

kl-km-_vZ-]q¿∆-hm-Z-Øns‚ IqSp-X-emb A\p-Iq-

e-hmZw hcp-∂p-sh-¶nepw, Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂ ]h-N-\

-tc-Jm- mKw hf-sc-b-[nIw hN-\m-\p-kr-X-am-Wv. Xmsg-

bp≈ Nm¿´n¬ DZv]m-]Ww Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn- n-√. DZv]m-

3 Zm\otbens‚ Fgp]Xv BgvNh´sØ∏‰nbpwainlmbpsS hchns‚ ]hN\sØ∏‰nbpap≈ anI®]T\Øn\mbn, ImWpI Harold W. Hoehner, Chronologi-cal Aspects of the Life of Christ(Grand Rapids, ZondervanPublishing Co., 1977), pp. 115-39.

4 Zm\ntb¬ 12:11˛12˛¬ 1,290 Znhkßsf∏‰nbpw 1,335Znhkßsf∏‰nbpw ]cma¿in°p∂p. CXns‚b¿∞walm]oU\ImeL´w 1,260˛mw Znhkw Ahkm\n°pIbpw, 30 Znkhßƒ Ign™Xn\ptijw temI\ymbhn[nbpw ip≤oIcWhpw \S°pIbpw sNøpsa∂mWv. ]n∂oSv45 Znkhßƒ°ptijw klkm_vZhmgvN Bcw`n°pIbpw sNøpw.


415

]-W-Øns‚ ka-b-Øn-\p≈ sXfnhp ]n∂oSp ]pkvX-

I-Øn¬ \¬In-bn- p≠v.

I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hn\p c≠p apJ-ß-fp-t≠m-

sb∂pw, Ch-bn¬ H∂matØXp atlm-]-Z-h-Øn\p

ap≥]mtWm kw -hn-°p-∂-sX∂pw Ct∏mƒ \mw ]Tn-

t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

D. DZv]m-]-W-Øn\pw InkvXp-hns‚ shfn-s∏-S-en\pw

at≤y Hcp hyXykvXX F¥n-\mWv? InkvXp-hns‚

c≠mw hc-hn\p c≠p -X-e-ß-fp-≈-Xmbn Xncp-sh-gpØp

Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p-sh∂p thZ-]p-kvXIw kq£va-ambn

]Tn-°p-∂-h¿ i≤n-°pw. Nne hyXy-kvX-X-I-fn-s√-

¶n¬, I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ Nne

hnh-c-ßƒ s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂n-s√∂p ImWmw. kmt¶-

Xn-Im¿∞-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-tºmƒ, I¿Øm-hns‚

aS-ßn-h-c-hns‚ Hcp XesØ ""DZv]m-]-W''ambpw''

as‰mcp XesØ ""shfn-s∏-Sembpw'' ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂-

Xmbn ImWmw. Xmsg-bp≈ A\p-]m-X-ßƒ I¿Øm-

hns‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hn\p c≠p Xe-ß-fp-s≠-∂p-≈-Xns‚

⁄m\w ImWn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. Hmtcm A©v DZm-l-c-

W-ß-fnepw ]kvXm-h\ “a” bpw “b” bpw XΩn¬

sshcp-≤y-ap-≠v.

1. sshcp≤yw H∂v

a. I¿Ømhp Xs‚ hnip-≤-∑msc taL-ß-fn¬/ kz¿§-

Øn¬ tN¿°m≥ aS-ßn-h-cpw. InkvXp-hns‚ aS-ßn-

h-c-hn-\p-tijw hnip-≤-∑m¿ `qan-bn¬ A-h-ti-jn-

°p-I-bn-√.

""Fs‚ ]nXm-hns‚ h-\-Øn¬ At\Iw hmk-

ÿ-e-ß-fp≠v; C-s√-¶n¬ Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp ]d-

bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Rm≥ \nßƒ°p ÿew Hcp-

°p-hm≥ t]mIp∂p. Rm≥ t]mbn \nßƒ°p

ÿew Hcp-°n-bm¬, Rm≥ Ccn-°p∂ CSØp


\nßsf Fs‚-b-Sp-°¬ tN¿Øp-sIm≈pw''

(tbm-l. 14:2˛3).

""]ns∂ Poh-t\msS tijn-°p∂ \mw Ah-t\m-

sSmcp-an®v BIm-i-Øn¬ I¿Øm-hns\ FXn-

tc¬°m≥ taL-ß-fn¬ FSp-°-s∏Spw;

Cßs\ \mw Ft∏mgpw I¿Øm-hn-t\m-Sp-IqsS

Ccn°pw'' ( 1 sX . 4:7).

b. I¿Ømhp aS-ßn-h-cp-tºmƒ A-h\pw Ahs‚ hnip-

≤-∑mcpw cmPyw Bkz-Zn-°m≥ `qan-bn¬ Ah-ti-

jn-°pw.

""a\p-jy-]p-X≥ Xs‚ tXP-t msS kIe

hnip-≤-∑m-cp-ambn hcp-tºmƒ Ah≥ Xs‚

tXP- ns‚ knwlm-k-\-Øn¬ Ccn-°pw...

cmPmhpw Xs‚ he-Øp≈htcmSv Acp-fn-

s®øpw: "Fs‚ ]nXm-hn-\m¬ A\p-K-ln-°-s∏-

´-htc, hcp-hn≥; temI-ÿm-]\w apX¬

\nßƒ°mbn Hcp-°n-bn-cn-°p∂ cmPyw Ah-

Im-i-am-°n-s°m-≈p-hn≥'' (a-Øm. 25:31, 34).

Cu c≠p `mhn-k-Xy-ß-fpw, I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-c-

hns‚ hyXykvXXe-ßƒ kw_-‘n-®p-≈-Xm-sW∂p

hy‡-am-Wv˛ ]tXy-In®pw kl-km-_vZ-]q¿∆-hm-Zn-

Iƒ°v. Hcp Xe-Øn¬ Ah≥ h∂p hnizm-kn-Isf

Ah-tcm-sSm∏w sIm≠p-t]m-Ipw. as‰mcp Xe-Øn¬

Ah≥ h∂p hnizm-kn-I-fp-ambn `qan-bn¬ \ne-

sIm≈pw. BIm-iw-hsc FSp-°-s∏´ hnizm-kn-Iƒ

kz¿§o-b- -h-\-ßsf H∂v FØn-t\m-°n-bn v, s]s´∂p

`qan-bnse cmPy-Øn-\mbn aS-ßn-h-cp∂p F∂ ""Nm-

©m´'' ho£Ww \mw AwKo-I-cn-®m¬, Cu c≠p hnh-

c-W-ßfpw \Ωƒ tbmPn-∏n-t°-≠n-h-cpw. F¶nepw Ch

c≠pw c≠p hyXykvX kw -h-ß-fmbn ]cm-a¿in-°p-

∂-Xm-Wp \√-Xv. c≠pw kXy-am-Wv. Hcp ]mhiyw

InkvXp aS-ßn-h∂p Xs‚ A\p-bm-bn-Isf qan-bn¬

\n∂v FSp-°pw. as‰mcp XhW Ah≥ aS-ßn-h∂v

Ahs‚ cm-Py-Øn-\mbn `qan-bn¬ B°n-h-bv°pw.

DZv]m-]-W-Øn¬ hnizm-kn-Iƒ qan Dt]-£n-°p-Ibpw

shfn-s∏-S-en¬ Ah¿ `qan-bn-¬ Xma-kn-°p-Ibpw

sNøpw.

2. sshcp≤yw c≠v

a. I¿Ømhns‚ aS-ßn-h-chv GXp-k-a-bØpw kw -

hn°mw. k` ]Xo-£n-t°-≠p∂ ASpØ kw`hw

AXm-Wv.

Cßs\ \nßƒ Hcp Ir]m-h-c-Ønepw Ipd-hn-

√m-Ø-h-cp-ambn \ΩpsS I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-

kvXp -hns‚ ]Xy-£-X- ImØn-cn°p∂p

( 1 sImcn. 1:7).

I¿Øm-hns\ kvt\ln-°m-Ø-h≥ Gh\pw

i]n-°-s∏- -h≥! \ΩpsS I¿Ømhp hcp∂p!

(1 sImcn. 16:22).


]mhN\nI kabtcJ

k`7 h¿jsØ

]oU\w

c≠mw

hchv

1000 B≠v

cmPyw

416

\ΩpsS ]uc-Xztam kz¿§-Øn¬ BIp∂p;

AhnsS \n∂p I¿Øm-hmb tbip-InkvXp

c£n-Xm-hmbn hcp-sa∂p \mw ImØn-cn-°p∂p

( ^nen. 3:20).

\nß-fpsS kuayX kIe a\p-jycpw Adn-

bs´; I¿Ømhp hcp-hm≥ ASp-Øn-cn-°p∂p

(^n-en. 4:5).

Ah≥ (ssZ-hw) acn-®-h-cpsS CS-bn¬ \n∂v

Dbn¿∏n® Xs‚ ]pX\pw hcp-hm-\p≈ tIm]-

Øn¬ \n∂p \sΩ hnSp-hn-°p-∂-h-\p-amb

tbip kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂p -h-cp-∂Xp ImØn-cn-

°m-\pw.. (1 sX . 1:10).

\mw `mKy-I-c-amb ]Xym-i-bv°m-bn´pw alm-

ssZ-hhpw \ΩpsS c£n-Xm-hp-amb tbip-In-

kvXp-hns‚ ]Xy-£-X-bv°m-bn´pw ImØp-

sIm≠v (Xo-tØm. 2:12).

\nßfpw Zo¿L-£-a-tbm-Sn-cn°phn≥; \nß-fpsS


£X k-ao-]n-®n-cn-°p∂p (bm-t°m. 5:8).

C\n \oXn-bpsS IocnSw F\n-°mbn h®n-cn-

°p∂p; AXp \oXn-bp≈ \ymbm-[n-]-Xn-bmb-

I¿Ømhv B Znh-k-Øn¬ F\n°p \¬Ipw;

F\n°p amX-a√; Ahs‚ ]Xy-£-X-bn¬

]nbw -h® Gh¿°pw IqsS (2 Xnsam. 4:8).

""CXm Rm≥ thKw hcp∂p; Cu ]pkvX-I-

Ønse ]h-N\w ]am-Wn-°p-∂-h≥ mKy-hm≥

F∂p ]d-™p.. CXp km£o-I-cn-°p-∂-h≥:

AtX, Rm≥ thKw hcp∂p F∂v Acp-fn-s®-

øp∂p;'' Bta≥, I¿Øm-hmb tbipth, htc-

Wta (sh-fn. 22:7, 20) .

b. temI-tØmSp kphn-tijw ]tLm-jn-°p-∂-

Xpƒs∏sS \nc-h[n AS-bm-f-ßfpw A¤p-X-ßfpw

\nd-th-dp-∂-Xp-hsc I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-chp \nd-

th-dp-I-bn√.

Ah≥ Hen-hp-a-e-bn¬ Ccn-°p-tºmƒ injy-

∑m¿ X\n®v Ahs‚ ASp-°¬ h∂p; AXv

Ft∏mƒ kw`-hn-°p-sa∂pw \ns‚ hc-hn\pw

temIm-h-km-\-Øn\pw AS-bmfw F¥v F∂pw

]d-™p-X-tcWw F∂pw At]-£n®p. AXn\v

tbip DØcw ]d-™Xv: Bcpw \nßsf sX‰n-

°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ kq£n-®p-sImƒ-hn≥. Rm≥

InkvXp F∂p ]d™v At\-I¿ Fs‚ t]sc-

Sp-Øp-h∂v ]e-scbpw sX‰n-°pw. \nßƒ bp≤-

ß-sfbpw bp≤-ip -Xn -I -sf -bpw -Ip -dn®p

tIƒ°pw! N©-e-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°m≥ kq£n-®p-

sImƒhn≥; AXp kw`-hn-t°-≠Xp Xs∂;

F∂m¬ AXv Ah-km-\-a-√. PmXn PmXn-

tbmSpw cmPyw cmPy-tØmSpw FXn¿°pw; £ma-

hpw, qI-ºhpw Ahn-S-hnsS D≠m-Ipw. F¶nepw

CXv Hs°bpw Cu‰p-t\m-hns‚ Bcw-`-a-sX.

A∂v Ah¿ \nßsf D]-Z-h-Øn\v Gev∏n-°p-

Ibpw sIm√p-Ibpw sNøpw; Fs‚ \maw

\nanØw kI-e-Pm-Xn-Ifpw \nßsf ]sI°pw.

]ecpw CSdn At\ym\yw Gev]n-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-

Ibpw At\ym\yw ]Ibv°pIbpw sNøpw.

I≈-]-hm-N-I-∑m¿ ]ecpw h∂v At\-Isc

sX‰n-°pw. A[¿Ωw s]cp-Ip-∂-Xp-sIm≠v

At\-I-cpsS kvt\lw XWp-Øp-t]m-Ipw.

F∂m¬ Ah-km-\-tØmfw kln-®p-\n-ev°p-∂-

h≥ c£n-°-s∏-Spw. cmPy-Øns‚ Cu kphn-

tijw kI-e PmXn-Iƒ°pw km£y-ambn

`qtem-I-Øn¬ Hs°bpw ]kw-Kn-°-s∏Spw;

At∏mƒ Ahkm\w-h-cpw... Aßs\ \nßƒ

CXv Hs°bpw ImWp-tºmƒ Ah≥ ASp-°¬

hmXn¬°¬Øs∂ Bbn-cn-°p∂p F∂-dn-

™p-sIm-≈p-hn≥'' (a-Øm. 24:3˛14, 23).

""kqcy-\nepw Nµ-\nepw \£-X-ß-fnepw e£-

W-ßƒ D≠mIpw; IS-en-s‚bpw Hmf-Øn-s‚bpw

apg°w \nanØw `qan-bnse PmXn-Iƒ°p \ncm-

i-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb ]cn-`aw D≠m-Ipw. BIm-i-

Øns‚ i‡n-Iƒ Cf-In-t∏m-Ip-∂-Xn-\m¬

`qtem-I-Øn\v F¥p `hn-°m≥ t]mIp∂p

F∂p t]Sn®pw t\m°n-∏m¿Øpw-sIm≠v a\p-

jy¿ \n¿÷o-h-∑m¿ BIpw. At∏mƒ a\p-jy-

]p-X≥ i‡n-tbmSpw alm-tX-P-t mSpw IqsS

taL-Øn¬ hcp-∂Xv Ah¿ ImWpw. CXp- kw-

-hn®p XpS-ßp-tºmƒ \nß-fpsS hos≠-Sp∏v

ASp-Øp-h-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠p \nh¿∂p Xe

s]m°p-hn≥'' (eq-t°m. 21:25˛28).

I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ Cu hnh-c-

ßƒ Fß-s\-bmWp \mw s]mcpØs∏SpØpI? Hcp

\ne-bn¬ CXv DS-\Sn kw -hn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. ""`mKy-I-c-

amb ]Xymi'' bmb InkvXp-hn-s\-Øs∂ k`

t\m°n-bn-cn-°-Ww˛ GXp ka-bØpw Ah≥ aS-ßn-

h-cm-\p≈ km≤y-X-bp-≠v. t\csØ kw`-hn®p

Ign™ bp≤-ß-sf-°mƒ/ £ma-ß-sf-°mƒ A[n-I-

amb H∂n-\p-th-≠nbpw k` ImØn-cn-t°-≠-Xn-√.

Ct∏mƒ kphn-tijw FØn-b-Xnt\-°mƒ A[n-I-

ambn kphn-tijw FØp-∂-Xp-hsc k` ImØn-cn-t°-

≠-Xn-√. F¶n-epw, as‰mcp \ne-bn¬ temI-Øn¬

kphn-tijw hym]n-°p-∂-Xp-h-scbpw \nc-h[n AS-


417

bmfßƒ kw -hn-°p-∂-Xp-h-scbpw I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-

ßn-h-chp kw -hn-°p-I-bn-√.

H∂p-In¬ Bi-b-°p-g-∏-ap≈ sshcp-≤y-Øn¬ \mw

Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-Isf Dt]-£n-°p-I. As√-¶n¬, Inkv

Xp-hns‚ ]p\-cm-K-a-\-Øn\p c≠p Xe-ß-fp-s≠∂

\nK-a-\-Øn-se-Øp-I. Ahs‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hns‚ H∂m-

asØ Xew Bk-∂-am-Wv. Hc-S-bm-f-Øn-s‚bpw \nd-

th-d¬ C√m-sX -Xs∂ GXp \nan-jhpw AXp- kw- -

hn -°mw. Ahs‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hns‚ as‰m-cp -Xew

Aßs\ GXp \nan-jhpw kw -hn-t®-°m≥ Ign-bn√;

ImcWw, Hcp-]mSv AS-bm-f-ßƒ \nd-th-td-≠-Xp-≠v.

temI-hym-]-I-amb kphn-ti-j-]-tLm-jWw AXn-

epƒs∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. Hcp kw -h-Øn-te°v Cu hncp-≤-

amb Imcy-ß-sf√mw tbmPn-∏n-°p-∂Xp auVy-am-Wv.

temI-saßpw kphn-tijsa-Øpw-hsc InkvXp-hn\p

aS-ßn-h-cm≥ Ign-bn-s√-¶n¬, Ahs‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hn-\mbn

BZna-k` t\m°n-bn-cp-∂Xp hnUvVn-Ø-am-bn-cp-∂p.

temIw apgp-h\pw kphn-tijw hym]n-°p-∂-Xn-\m-bn,

I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hn-\p-th≠n \mw ImØn-cn-°p-

∂Xp hnUvVn-Ø-am-bn-cn-°pw. B aS-ßn-h-c-hn\p

hmkvX-h-Øn¬ c≠p Xe-ß-fn-s√-¶n¬ CXp kXy-

am-Wv. BZn-a-k` DZv]m]Ww ]Xo-£n-®n-cp-∂p. DZv]m-

]-W-Øn-\p-tijw AS-bm-f-ßfpw A¤p-X-ßfpw

temI-hym-]-I-amb kphn-ti-j-]-tLm-j-Whpw

D≠mIpw (144, 000 t]¿ ]kw-Kn-°pw, shfn. 7:14; c≠p

km£n-Iƒ ]kw-Kn-°pw. shfn. 11:3; BIm-i-Øn¬

]d-°p∂ Hcp ZqX≥ ]kw-Kn°pw shfn. 14:6). Cu

AS-bm-f-ßƒ°p tijw, I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-c-

hns‚ c≠m-asØ Xe-amb shfn-s∏-S¬ D≠m-Ipw.

I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hns‚ AS-bm-f-ßƒ°mbn

apt∂m´p t\m°m≥ atlm-]-Z-h-Im-e-hn-ip-≤-∑m-tcmSp

Iev]n-°p-∂p. I¿Øm-hn-s\-Øs∂ t\m°m-\mWp

k -tbmSv B⁄m-]n-°p-∂-Xv. I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-

h-c-hn\p c≠p- X-e-ß-fp-≠v.

3. sshcp≤yw/ aq∂v

a. I¿Ømhp a≤ym-Im-i-Øn¬ taL-ß-fn-te°v aS-

ßn-hcpw

]ns∂ tijn-°p-∂-h-cmb \mw Ah-t\m-sSm-

cp-an®v BIm-i-Øn¬ I¿Øm-hns\ FXn-

tc¬°m≥ taL-ß-fn¬ FSp -°-s∏Sp;

Cßs\ \mw Ft∏mgpw I¿Øm-hn-t\m-Sp-IqsS

Ccn°pw (1 sX . 4:17).

b. I¿Ømhp `qan-bn-te°p aS-ßn-h-cp∂p

A∂m-fn¬ Ahs‚ Im¬ sbcq-i-te-an-s\-

Xnsc Ing-°p-ff Hen-hp-a-e-bn¬ \n¬°pw;

Hen-hp-ae Ing-°p-]-Sn-™m-dmbn \Spsh ]nf¿

∂p-t]mIpw; G‰hpw hen-sbmcp Xmgvhc Df-

hm-bvhcpw; ae-bpsS Hcp-]mXn hS-t°m´pw at‰

]mXn sXt°m´pw hmßn-t∏mIpw (sk-J. 14:4).

Cu `mK-Ønse BZy-]-cm-a¿iw hnip-≤-∑m-cpsS

ÿm\w (C-Sw) kw_-‘n-®p-≈-Xm-Wv. InkvXp aS-ßn-

h-cp-sa∂pw hnip-≤-∑m¿ `qan- hn-Sp-sa∂pw Nne thZ-

`m-K-ßƒ ]d-bp-∂p. Ah≥ a-S-ßn-h-cp-sa-∂pw, hnip-

≤-∑m¿ `qan-bn¬ Xp-S-cp-sa∂pw a‰p≈ thZ- m-K-ßƒ

]d-bp-∂p. aq∂m-asØ ]cm-a¿iw I¿Øm-hns‚ CSw

kw_-‘n-®-Xm-Wv. InkvXp `qan-bnte°p aS-ßn-h-cp-

sa∂p Nne-bn-S-ß-fn¬ ssZh-h-N\w Du∂n-∏-d-bp-∂Xv

F¥p-sIm-≠mWv? sbcqi-te-an-\-Sp-Øp≈ Hen-hp-a-e-

bn¬ Ah≥ aS-ßn-h-c-Ww. F∂mepw Nne-bn-S-ß-fn¬

taL-ß-fn-emWp aS-ßn-h-cp-∂-Xv, ]t£ apgp-h≥

hgnbpw Aß-s\-b-√. Ah≥ a≤ym-Im-i-Øn¬ h∂p

hnizm-kn-I-fp-ambn k‘n-°p-∂Xv Ahsc hfsc

thKw `qan-bne°p aS-°n-h-cp-Øp-∂-Xn-\m-sW∂p

Nne¿ ]d-t™°mw (ho≠pw kz¿§ob Nm©m´w Yo-Yo). CXp kXy-a-s√∂v ASpØ Ipdn-∏p ImWn-°pw.

I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hn\pw c≠p hyXykvX Xe-

ß-fp-s≠∂p ho£n-°p-∂-XmWp \√-Xv. Hcp Xe-

Øn¬ Ah≥ a≤ym-Im-i-Øn¬ taL-ß-fn-te°p

hcp∂p. as‰m-cp-X-e-Øn¬ Ah≥ ]cn-]q¿Æ-ambn qan-

bn-te°p hcp-∂p.

4. sshcp≤yw \mev

a. I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hn¬, I¿Øm-hn-s\-t∏m-se-

bp-≈ - tX-P-kv°-cn-°-s∏´ ico-c-ßƒ hnizm-kn-

Iƒ°p e`n-°pw. Ah¿°p hnhm-ltam a°tfm

D≠m-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√.

]nb-ap-≈-h-tc, \mw Ct∏mƒ ssZh-a-°ƒ

BIp-∂p. \mw C∂Xv BIp-sa∂v CXp-hsc


\mw Ahs\ Xm≥ Ccn-°pw-t]m-se Xs∂

ImWp-∂-Xm-I-sIm≠v Ah-t\mSp kZr-i∑m¿

BIp-sa∂p \mw Adn-bp∂p (1 tbml. 3:2).

Rm≥ Hcp a¿Ωw \nß-tfmSp ]dbmw; \mw

F√m-hcpw \nZ-sIm-≈p-I-bn√; F∂m¬ A¥y-

Im-l-f-\m-Z-Øn-¶¬ s]s´∂p IÆn-a-bv°p-∂-

Xn-\n-S-bn¬ \mw F√mhcpw cq]m-¥-c-s∏-Spw.

Imlfw [z\n-°pw, acn-®-h¿ A£-b-cmbn

Dbn¿°p-Ibpw \mw cq]m-¥-c-s∏-Sp-Ibpw

sNøpw (1 sImcn. 15:51˛52).

F¶nepw B temI-Øn\pw acn-®-h-cn¬

\n∂p≈ ]p\-cp-∞m-\-Øn\pw tbmKy-cm-b-h¿


418

hnhmlw Ign-°p-I-bp-an√ hnhm-l-Øn\p

sImSp-°p-I-bp-an√; Ah¿°v C\n acn-°m\pw

Ign-bp-I-bn√; Ah¿ ]p\-cp-∞m-\-]p-X-∑m-cm-I-

bm¬ ssZh-Xp-eycpw ssZh-]p-X-∑mcpw BIp

∂p(eq-t°m. 20:35, 36; aØm. 20:30; a¿t°m. 12:

25 Dw ImWp-I).

acn-®-hcpw Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂-h-cp-amb hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v,

InkvXp-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hn¬ tXP-kv°-cn-°-s∏´

icocw e`n-°p-sa∂v Cu th-Z- m-K-ßƒ sXfn-bn-°p∂p.

aS-ßn-h-c-hn-\p-tijw k -bn-ep-≈-h¿ hnhmlw Ign-

°p-Itbm a°sf P\n-∏n-°p-Itbm sNøn-√.

b. I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hn¬ Ah-s\mcp cmPyw

ÿm]n-°pw.- a-tlm]-Z-h-Im-e-Øns‚ \mi-Øn-\p-

tijw hnip-≤-∑m¿ `qan-bn¬ ho≠pw s]cp-Ipw.

""Ipsd Znhkw amXw Pohn-°p∂ Ipńbpw

Bbp p XnI-bm-Ø hr≤\pw AhnsS C\n

D≠m-I-bn√; _me≥ \qdp hb p ]mb-ap-≈-

h-\mbn acn°pw; ]m]ntbm \qdp hb- p-≈-h-

\m-bmepw i]n-°-s∏- -h≥ Fs∂ hcq. Ah¿

hoSp-Isf ]WnXp ]m¿°pw; Ah¿ ap¥n-cn-

tØm- -ßsf D≠m°n Ah-bnse êw A\p-

`-hn-°pw. Ah¿ ]Wn-bpI, as‰m-cp -Ø≥

]m¿°pI F∂p hcn-I-bn√; Ah¿ \Sp-I,

thsdm-cp-Ø≥ Xn∂pI F∂pw hcn-I-bn√;

Fs‚ P\-Øns‚ Bbp p hr£-Øns‚

Bbp- p-t]mse BIpw; Fs‚ hrX-∑m¿

Xs∂ Xß-fpsS A≤zm-\- ew A\p- -hn-°pw.

Ah¿ hrYm A≤zm-\n-°p-Ibn√; B]-Øn-\m-

bn´p ]k-hn-°p-I-bp-an√; Ah¿ btlm-h-bm¬

A\p-K-ln-°-s∏- -h-cpsS k¥-Xn-bt√m; Ah-

cpsS k¥m\w Ah-tcm-Sp-IqsS Ccn°pw; Ah¿

hnfn -°p -∂-Xn\p apsº Rm≥ DØ-c -

a-cpfpw; Ah¿ kwkm-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ

X-s∂ Rm≥ tIƒ°pw. sN∂mbpw Ip™mSpw

Hcp-an-®p- tabpw; knwlw -Im-f-sb∂ -t]mse

ssht°m¬ Xn∂pw; k¿∏-Øn\p s]mSn Blm-

c-am-bn-cn°pw; Fs‚ hnip≤-]¿∆-X-Øn-seßpw

Hcp tZmjtam \mitam Bcpw sNøp-I-bn-

√sb∂p btlm-h-bpsS Acp-f-∏mSv'' (sb-i. 65:

20˛25; Bh. 30:9 Dw IqsS t\m°p-I).

I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hns‚ hni-Zmw-i-ß-sf√mw

Iqń-tbm-Pn-∏n-°p-∂Xp ]bm-k-am-sW∂v Cu \nco-£-

W-ßƒ DZm-l-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. DZv]m-]-Whpw shfn-s∏-

Sepw XΩn¬ bmsXmcp hyXy-mk-hp-an-s√∂p hmZn-°p-

∂-h¿°v, Htc P\w -F-Sp-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw tXP-kv°-cn-

°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn v Fß-s\bmWp thK-Øn¬

`qan-bn-te°v aS-ßn-h∂v AXn¬ ho≠pw s]‰p-s]-cp-

Ip-∂-sX∂p hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ _p≤n-ap- p-≠m-Ipw.

I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hns‚ c≠p Xe-ßƒ XΩn¬

th¿Xn-cn-°p∂ Hcp CS-th-f-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb hyXy-kvXX-

bp-s≠∂p ho£n-°p-∂-XmWp \√-Xv. H∂m-asØ Xe-

Øn¬ F√m hnizm-kn-Iƒ°pw tXP-kv°-cn-°-s∏´

Ah-ÿ-bp-≠m-Ipw. ]ns∂ c≠m-asØ Xew kw -hn-

°p-∂-Xn\p ap≥]p IqSp-X-em-fp-Iƒ InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-

kn-°p-∂p. I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hns‚ A¥n-a-X-e-

Øn\ptijhpw k¥m-t\m-ev]m-Z-\-ti-jn-bp-f-f-h¿

Chcm-Wv.

5. sshcp≤yw A©v

a. Xs‚ hnip-≤-∑msc FXn-tc¬°m≥ I¿Ømhp

aS-ßn-h-cpw.

\nß-fpsS lrZbw Ie-ßn-t∏m-I-cpXv.; ssZh-








\nßsf Fs‚-b-Sp-°¬ tN¿Øp-sIm-≈pw.

Rm≥ t]mIp∂ CS-tØ-°p≈ hgn \nßƒ

Adn-bp∂p. tXmakv Ah-t\mSv: I¿Øm-th, \o

Fhn-sS-t∏m-Ip-∂p-sh∂p Rßƒ Adn-bp-∂n√;

]ns∂ hgn Fß-s\-b-dnbpw F∂p ]d-™p.

tbip Ah-t\mSv: Rm≥ Xs∂ hgnbpw

kXyhpw Poh-\p-am-Ip∂p; Rm≥ apJm-¥-c-a-

√msX Bcpw ]nXm-hn-s‚-b-Sp-°¬ FØp-∂n√''

(tbm-l. 14:1˛6).


≈-h-sc-t∏mse Zp:Jn°m-Xn-cn-t°-≠-Xn\p \nZ-

sIm-f-fp-∂-h-sc-°p-dn®v Adn-hn-√m-Xn-cn-°-cpXv



F∂p \mw hniz-kn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Aßs\

Xs∂ ssZhw \nZ-sIm-≠-h-sc-bpw tbip apJm-

¥cw Ah-t\m-Sp-IqsS hcp-Øpw. I¿Ømhns‚

hN-\-Øm¬ \nß-tfmSp ]d-bp-∂p. I¿Ømhp

Xm≥ Kwò-c-\m-Z-tØmSpw ][m-\Zq-Xs‚ i_vZ-

tØmSpw ssZh-Øns‚ Iml-f-tØmSpw IqsS

kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂v Cd-ßn-h-cn-Ibpw InkvXp-

hn¬ acn-®-h¿ apsº Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev°p-

Ibpw sNøpw. ]ns∂ Poh-t\msS tijn-°p∂


419

\mw Ah-t\mSv Hcp-an®v BIm-i-Øn¬ I¿Øm-

hns\ FXn-tc-ev]m≥ taL-ß-fn¬ FSp-°-

s∏Spw; Cßs\ \mw Ft∏mgpw FSp-°-s∏Spw;

Cßs\ \mw Ft∏mgpw I¿Øm-hn-t\mSv IqsS

Ccn-°pw. Cu hN-\-ß-sf-s°m≠v At\ym\yw

Biz-kn-∏n-®p-sImƒhn≥(1 sX . 4:13˛18).

b. I¿Ømhp Xs‚ hnip-≤-cp-ambn aS-ßn-hcpw

Cßs\ \ΩpsS I¿Øm-hm-b- tbip Xs‚

kIe hnip-≤-∑m-cp-ambn hcp∂ ]Xy-£-X-

bn¬ \ΩpsS ssZhhpw ]nXm-hp-ambhs‚

apºmsI hnip-≤o-I-c-W-Øn¬ A\n-µy-cmbn

sh-fn-s∏-Spw-hÆw \nß-fpsS lrZ-b-ßsf

ÿnc-s∏-Sp -Øp -Ibpw sNøp -am -dm -Is´

(1 -sX . 3:13).

1 sX . 3 sebpw bqZ. 14 sebpw ""hnip-≤-∑msc''

ZqX-∑m-cmbn Nne¿ hymJym-\n-°pw. F∂m¬ Cu ]Zw

hnizm-kn -Isf kqNn-∏n -°m-\mWp ]utemkv

D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv, ZqX-∑m-sc-b√ (D-Zm. 1 sImcn. 1:2

Dw a‰p ]e-ÿ-e-ß-fn-epw). hn-ip-≤-∑m-cp-am-bp≈ aS-

ßn-h-chp ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂Xp ]p\-cp-∞m\icocw

t\Sm-\mbn InkvXp-hn-t\m-sSm∏w hcp∂ th¿]n-cn-

™p-t]mb InkvXy-m\n-I-fpsS Bflm-°-sf-bm-Wv,

hnip-≤-∑m-cpsS AØcw aS-ßn-h-c-hv, 1 sX 4 `mK-

ß-fn¬ ]Tn-∏n-®n- p-ap≠v (hm. 14 ""Aßs\ Xs∂ \nZ-

sIm-≠-h-sc√mw tbip apJm-¥cw Ah-t\m-Sp-IqsS

hcpØpw.'') F∂mepw 1 sX . 3: 13se '"kIe hnip-

≤-∑m-cp-ambn'' F∂-Xn\v A\p-Iq-e-am-b√ ""kIe''

F∂ ]Zw \n¬°p-∂-Xv. DZv]m-]-W-Øn-¶¬ hcp∂

th¿]n-cn™ InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS Bflm-°sf amX-

amWv AXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Imc-Ww, Ah kIe

hnip-≤-∑m-sc-bp-a√, Npcp°w t]sc-bmWp _‘n-∏n-

°p-∂-Xv. I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hns‚ Hcp Xew

Xs‚ hnip-≤-∑m¿°m-bpw, as‰m-cp-Xew ""Xs‚

kIe hnip-≤-∑m-cp-ambn´msW∂ \nK-a-\-Øn¬

FØp-∂-XmWp \√-Xv.

I¿Øm-hns‚ hnip-≤-∑m¿°m-bp≈ Ahs‚ hchpw

Ahs‚ kIe hnip-≤-∑m-cp-am-bp≈ hchpw XΩn-

ep≈ sshcp≤yw, DZv]m-]-Whpw shfn-s∏-S-ehpw

XΩn-ep≈ hyXymkw a‰p am¿§-ß-fn¬ sXfn-bn-°m≥

Ign-™m¬ ]cn-K-Wn-°m-\m-hpw. I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-

h-c-hn\p c≠p Xe-ß-fp-s≠∂p a‰p thZ- m-K-ß-fm¬

t_m≤y-am-b-hsc ""Xs‚ hnip-≤-∑m¿°m-bp≈

hchpw'' ""Xs‚ hnip-≤-∑m-cp-am-bp≈ hchpw'' XΩn-

ep≈ hyXymkw Ah-cpsS ho£-W-Øns‚ as‰mcp

kqN-\-bmbn Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°m≥ \ymb-ap-≠v. H∂m-

asØ Xe-Øn¬ InkvXp Xs‚ hn-ip-≤-∑m¿°mbn

hcp-∂p. ASpØ Xe-Øn¬ Ah≥ Xs‚ kIe hnip-

≤-∑mcp(Church)ambn hcp-∂p. DZv]m-]Ww/ shfn-s∏-

S-en\p a‰p -i-‡-amb sXfn-hp≠v. Cu hym-Jym\w

AXn\p IqSp-X¬ hnizm-kyX \¬Ip-∂p.

I¿Øm-hns‚ c≠p hyXykvX Xe-ßƒ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p-

sh∂p Nn¥n-°p-∂-Xp˛ DZv]m-]Ww shfn-s∏-S-en¬

\n∂p hyXy-kvX-amb \nebn¬ thZ-hn-Zym¿∞n-

Iƒ°p sX‰p-]-‰m≥ Ign-bn-√. I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-

c-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ khn-ti-j-amb hnh-c-ß-sf√mw

Iq´n-°p-g®v H‰- kw-`-h-am-°p-∂Xp [m¿Ωn-I-ambn

Akm-≤y-am-Wv. I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hn\p c≠p

apJ-ß-fn-s√-¶n¬, Ah≥ Fß-s\-bmWp hnip-≤-

∑msc tN¿°m≥ aS-ßn-h-cp-∂-sX∂pw hnip-≤-∑m-cp-

ambn Fß-s\-bmWv Ah≥ qan-bn¬ XpS-cp-∂-sX∂p

ImWm≥ _p≤n-ap- m-Wv. kw -h-ßƒ Iq-SmsX I¿Øm-

hns‚ hchv GXp k-a-bØpw kw -hn-°m-sa-∂n- pw,

]e kw -h-ßƒ \-S-°p-∂-Xp-hsc AXp \S-°m-Xn-cn-

°p-∂Xpw (tem-I-hym-]-I-amb kphn-ti-j-]-tLm-

jWw Dƒs∏-sS) c≠p Xe-ß-fn-s√-¶n¬ Akm-≤y-

am-Wv. hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p tXP-kv°-cn-°-s∏´ ico-cw -

\¬Im≥ InkvXp-a-S-ßn-h-cp-sa-∂pw, F∂m¬ atlm-

]-Z-h-Ønse alm-kw-lm-c-tijw Ah¿ Xs∂ `qan-

bn¬ ho≠pw s]‰p-s]-cp-Ipsa∂pw Nn¥n-°p-∂Xv

Akm-≤y-am-Wv. Ahs‚ hyXykvXamb c≠p aS-ßn-

h-c-hp-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ Hcn-S-th-f-bp-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. HSp-

hnembn, I¿Ømhp Xs‚ hnip-≤-∑msc FXn-

tc¬°m≥ taL-ß-fn¬ hcp-∂Xpw, Ahs‚ hnip-≤-

∑m-cp-ambn qan-bn-te°p hcp-∂Xpw XΩn¬ Hcp hyXy-

kvXX ÿm]n-°p-∂Xv G‰hpw \√-XmWv.

I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hns‚ c≠p Xe-ß-fmb DZv]m-

]-W-Øn\pw shfn-s∏-S-en-\p-an-S-bn-ep≈ hyXykvXX

hnizm-ky-am-Wv. I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hn-s\°p-dn-

®p≈ ]tXyI ]Tn-∏n-°-ep-Iƒ AXns\ thZ-]-Tn-Xm-

°ƒ°pta¬ i‡amb t]cW sNepØp∂p.

ChnsS Ggp h¿jsØ alm-]o-U-\-Im-e-b-f-hn-\p-

tijw, I¿Ømhp Xs‚- cmPyw ÿm]n-°m≥ `qan-bn-

te°p aS-ßn-h-cp-sa-∂p-≈Xp ÿm]n-°-s∏´ hkvXp-

X-bm-Wv. AXp-sIm≠p I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-chp (sh-

fn-s∏-S¬) kw_-‘n-bmbn Hcp hmZ-]-Xn-hm-Z-Øn-\p≈

ka-b-an-√. AXp atlm-]-Z-h-Øns‚ kam-]-\-Øn¬

kw -hn-°p-∂p. DZv]m-]Ww Ft∏m-gm-Wp-≠m-Ip-∂Xv?

a-tlm-]-Z-h-]q¿∆ DZv]m-]-W-Øn\p hniz-kn-°-Ø°

Hcp Imcyw \¬Im≥ I-gn-bpw.


420

IV. atlm-]-Z-h-]q¿∆ DZv]m-]Ww

sNdnb ]n≥Xp-W-I-fpsS _mlp-ey-Øm¬ £oWn-∏n-

°m-hp∂ Hcp hmZ-am-Wn-Xv. G‰hpw anI-®- hm-Z-ßƒ°v

Du∂¬ sImSp-Øp-sIm-≠p≈ X¥w kzoI-cn-°p-∂-

Xn-epw, ]ns∂ B ÿm\--sØ, AXns‚ anSp-°p-

sIm≠p \n¬°p-I-tbm, hogp-Itbm sNøm-\-\p-h-Zn-

°p-∂-Xn-ep-amWv _p≤n. atlm-]-Zh-]q¿∆ D-Zv]m-]-

W-Øn\v A≥]tXm AXn-e-[n-Itam Imc-W-ßƒ Nne

]pkvX-I-ßƒ \¬Ipw. A≥]Xp \√ Imc-W-ß-f-√.

F∂n-cp-∂m-epw, a‰p ""c≠mw -InS'' sXfn-hp-Iƒ°v (A-

Øcw Xcw Xncn-°-ep-Iƒ hnj-b-ambn AwKo-I-cn-®n-

´p-≠v) Xq°w Iq´p∂ GI-tZiw Bdp kqN-\-I-fp≠v.

A. atlm-]-Z-h-]q¿∆ -hm-Z-Øns‚ ]mY-anI ]n≥XpW

1. DZv]m-]Ww Bk-∂-amWv

CS-bn¬ kw -hn-°p∂ bmsXmcp Imcy-Øn\pw ImØp-

\n¬t°-≠mØ Bk-∂-amb Hcp kw`-h-am-bmWv

DZv]m-]-WsØ thZ-]p-kvXIw ImgvNhbv°p-∂-Xv.

AXpsIm≠v CSbv°p kw -hn-t°-≠p∂ bmsXmcp

Imcyhpw DZv]m-]-W-Øn-\p- ap≥]n¬ ssZh-im-kvX-

⁄-∑m¿ h®p-Iq-Sm. DZv]m-]Ww GXp ka-bØpw

kw`-hn-°m-sa-∂n-cn-s°, ]h-N\ ka-b-∏-´n-I-bnse

H∂m-asØ kw -h-am-bn-cn-°Ww AXv.

I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hn-\mbn PmK-cq-I-cm-bn-cn-°m≥

thZ-]p-kvXIw InkvXym-\n-I-tfmSv B⁄m-]n-°p-∂p.

Xosc-°p-d-™Xv Ggp h¿jw ap≥]v DZv]m-]Ww \S-

∂n-s√-¶n¬ CsX-ß-s\-bmWv bYm¿∞-amb Hcm-⁄-

bm-Ip-∂Xv? Xo¿®-bmbpw Ggp h¿jw ImØn-cn-∏ns\

sISp-Øn-°-f-bp-∂-Xm-Wv. D]-cn-bm-bn, DZv]m-]Ww

atlm-]-Z-h-ti-j-am-sW-¶n¬, k`-bnse `qcn-`mKw

t]cpw AXn\p ap≥]p Iim∏p sNø-s∏Spw. I¿Øm-

hns‚ aSßnhc-hn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ ImØn-cn-∏ns‚

BImw£ Ipd-bv°m-\p≈ ]hWX CXn-\p-ap≠v

(Ip-dn∏v 4 ImWp-I). Bk-∂-amb Hcp DZv]m-]-WsØ

Cu hmIy-ßƒ ]n≥Xp-W-bv°p-∂p.

CXp tNø-≠Xv Dd-°-Øn¬ \n∂v DW-cp-hm≥

\mgnI h∂n-cn-°p∂p F∂n-ßs\ \nßƒ

ka-bsØ Adn-I-bm¬Ø-s∂; \mw hniz-kn®

ka-b-sØ-°mƒ c£ Ct∏mƒ \ap°v A[nIw

ASp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p; AXp-sIm≠v \mw Ccp- ns‚

]hr-Øn-Isf sh®p-I-f™p shfn-®-Øns‚

Bbp-[-h¿§w [cn-®p-sImƒI (tdm-a. 13:11, 12).

Cßs\ \nßƒ Hcp Ir]m-h-c-Ønepw Ipd-hn-

√m-Ø-h-cmbn \ΩpsS I¿Øm-hmb tbip

-In-kvXp-hns‚ ]Xy-£X ImØn-cn-°p∂p

(1 sImcn. 1:7).

I¿Øm-hns\ kvt\ln-°mØ Gh\pw i]n-°-

s∏-´ -h≥! \ΩpsS I¿Ømhp hcp∂p!

(1 sImcn. 16:22).

\ΩpsS ]uc-Xztam kz¿§-Øn¬ BIp∂p;

AhnsS \n∂ I¿Øm-hmb tbip-InkvXp

c£n-Xm-hmbn hcp-sa∂p \mw ImØn-cn-°p∂p

(^n-en. 3:20).

\nß-fpsS kuayX kIe a\p-jycpw Adn-

bs´; I¿Ømhp hcp-hm≥ ASp-Øn-cn-°p∂p

(^n-en. 4:5).

Ah≥ acn-®-h-cpsS CS-bn¬ \n∂v Dbn¿∏n®

Xs‚ ]pX\pw hcp-hm-\p≈ tIm]-Øn¬\n∂p

\sΩ hnSp-hn-°p-∂-h-\p-amb tbip kz¿§-Øn¬

\n∂p hcp-∂Xp ImØn-cn-°m\pw (1 sX . 1:10).

\mw mKy-I-c-amb ]Xym-i-bv°m-bn´pw alm-ssZ-

hhpw \ΩpsS c£n-Xm-hp-amb tbip-In-kvXp-

hns‚ tXP- ns‚ ]Xy-£-X-bv°m-bn´pw

ImØp-sIm≠v (Xo-sØm. 2:13).

\nßfpw Zo¿L-£-a-tbm-Sn-cn-∏n≥; \nß-fpsS


£X kao-]n-®n-cn-°p∂p (bm-t°m_v 5:8).

Ah≥ ]ns∂bpw Ft∂mSp ]d-™Xv: kabw

ASp-Øn-cn-°-bm¬ Cu ]pkvX-I-Ønse ]h-

N\w apZ-bn-S-cp-Xv. CXp km£o-I-cn-°p-∂-h≥:

AtX, Rm≥ thKw hcp-h-∂p-sh∂v Acp-fn-sN-

øp∂p; Bta≥, I¿Øm-hmb tbip-th, htc-

Wta (sh-fn. 22:10, 20).

]utemkv Xs∂ DZv]m-]-W-Øn¬ ]¶m-fn-bm-Ip-sa∂p

]Xo-£n-®n-cp∂p (1 sImcn. 15:51; 1 sX . 4:17 epap≈

""\mw'' F∂ _lp-h-N\cq]w i≤n-°p-I). ASpØ

A¥y-Im-e-kw-`-h-ambn InkvXp-hn-s\-Ø-s∂-bmWv

]pXn-b-\n-ba-k` t\m°n-bXv: kIeatlm-]-Z-h-

kw- -h-ß-sfbpw (A-S-bm-f-ßƒ, A¤p-X-ßƒ, \ym-

b-hn-[n-Iƒ, bp≤-ßƒ) DZv]m-]-W-Øn\p ap≥]p

ÿm]n-°p-∂Xp DZv]m-]Ww ASp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂

D]-tZ-isØ XI¿°p-∂-XmWv. Cß-s\, ASpØ (G-

‰hpw BZy-sØ) ]mh-N-\nIkw`-h-ambn DZv]m-]-

WsØ ho£n-°p-∂-XmWv G‰-hpw -\-√-Xv. DZv]m-]-

W-Øn\p ap≥]v CS-bn¬ bmsXmcp kw -h-hp-an√.

2. tImem-Sp-I-fn¬ \n∂p sNΩ-cn-bm-Sp-Isf th¿Xn-

cn-°p-∂Xp atlm-]-Z-h-]q¿∆ DZv]m-]-W-hp-ambn

amXta Kln°m\mhq.

DZv]m]Ww atlm]Zh]q¿∆hpw shfns∏Sens‚

IqsS kw`hn°p∂XpamsW¶n¬, I¿Ømhp


421

`qanbnte°p aSßnhcp∂Xn¬ ""sNΩcnbmSpIsf''

""tImemSpIfn¬'' \n∂p th¿Xncnt°≠p∂Xns‚

Bhiyan√ (aØmbn 25:31˛46). atlm]ZhØns‚

HSphn¬ InkvXp `qanbnte°p hcptºmƒ

kw`hn°p∂XmWp hnizmknIfpsS FSp°s∏S¬

F∂ hmZØn\pth≠n k¶ev]n°pI. hnizmkn

Isf√mw InkvXphnt\msSm∏w taLßfn¬

FSp°s∏´m¬, Ah¿ AhnizmknIfn¬ \n∂p

t\csØ th¿s]´p Ign™p. aØmbn 25:31˛46 se

PmXnIfpsS \ymbhn[nbpsS kabØmWv Cu

th¿]mSp≠mIpIsb∂Xp auVyamWv(DZv]m]W

kabsØ Xs∂ PmXnIfpsS \ymbhn[n taLß

fn¬ \S°psa∂ thsdmcp GI atlm]Zhtij

hmZamWnXv, F∂m¬ CXv 1 sX . 4:14 \p

hncp≤amWv, CXp hnizmknIfpsS DZv]m]WØn\p

]cn[n hbv°p∂psh∂p amXa√, hnizmknIsf

AhnizmknIfn¬ \n∂p th¿Xncn°p∂ bnkmtb

ens‚ \ymb hn[n \S°p∂Xv Dd∏mbpw qanbnemWv,

taLß fne√ (sbsl. 20:35˛38, tbmth¬ 3:2, 14

F∂nhbn¬, PmXnIfpsS \ymbhn[n `qanbnse Hcp

XmgvhcbnemWp \S°p∂sX∂p ImWmw).

DZv]m]WØn\pw shfns∏Sen\panSbn¬ Hcp CS

thfbp≠mbncn°Wsa∂ \ymbamWp IW°m°p

∂Xv. InkvXphns‚ `qanbnte°p≈ BKa\tØm

Sp≈ _‘Ønse atlm]ZhØns‚ HSp°a√

DZv]m]Ww \S°p∂Xv.

CtX hmZw Xs∂ hnizmknIfmb bnkmtbens\

AhnizmknIfmb bnkmtben¬ \n∂p th¿ Xncn°p

∂Xn\pw D]tbmKn°mw (sbsl. 20:34˛38). Hcp

atlm]Zhtijw DZv]m]WØn\v AØcsamcp

th¿Xncn°ens‚ Bhiyan√, AXpsIm≠p B

ho£Ww sX‰mWv.

3. tijn°p∂ hnip≤∑m¿ `qanbn¬ s]‰p s]cpIp

∂Xns\ A\phZn°p∂ ho£Ww atlm ]Zh]q¿∆

hmZw amXamWv.

DZv]m]Ww atlm]ZhtijamsW¶n¬ tijn°p∂

hnip≤∑m¿ (alXz[mcnIf√mØ) cmPyØns‚

Imebfhn¬ `qanbn¬ ho≠pw s]cpIm≥

D≠mbncn°bn√. atlm]ZhØns‚ HSphn¬

DZv]m]Wsa∂Xv Cu kXyw Zpjv°cam°p∂p.

4. DZv]m]Ww "`mKyIcamb ]Xymi'bmbncn°pw

""\nß-fpsS lrZbw Ie-ßn-t∏m-I-cpXv.; ssZh-








\nßsf Fs‚-b-Sp-°¬ tN¿Øp-sIm-≈pw''

(tbml. 14:1˛3).

AXn\m¬ Cu hN\ßsfs°m≠v At\ym

\yw Bizkn∏n®psImƒhn≥ (1 sX . 4:18).

\mw `mKyIcamb ]Xymibv°mbn´pw, alm

ssZhhpw \ΩpsS c£nXmhpamb tbip

InkvXphns‚ ]Xy£Xbv°mbn´pw ImØp

sIm≠v (XotØmkv 2:12).

Ggp h¿jsØ òIcXbpw Nnet∏mƒ òIcamb

acWhpamWv DZv]m]WØn\papsº hnizmknIƒ

t\cntS≠sX¶n¬, Fßs\bmWv AXv Bizmk

Øns‚bpw `mKyIcamb ]XymibpsSbpw kab

ambncn°pI? DZv]m]Ww atlm]ZhtijamsW¶n¬,

ASpØ Xeapdhsc I¿Ømhns‚ aSßnhchp

Xmakn°psa¶n¬, Ct∏mgsØ Xeapd C√mXm

Ip∂XmWp \√Xv. InkvXp XßfpsS PohnX

ImeØp aSßnhcnIbn√msb∂ ]XymibmWp

atlm]Zhtij DZv]m]Ww hnizmknIƒ°p

\¬Ip∂Xv! `mKyIcamb ]Xymisb AXp òIc

amb Hcp òXnbmbpw, BizmkNn¥Isf Bk∂

amb Zpc¥sØ°pdn®p≈ hnNmcs∏Sembpw

am‰p∂p. DZv]m]WsØ mKyIcamb ]Xymibmbpw

BizmkNn¥bmbpap≈ thZ]pkvXI NnXoIcWw

atlm]Zh]q¿∆hmZsØbmWp ]n¥pWbv°p∂Xv.

5. k`sb atlm]ZhØn¬ \n∂p kq£n°psa∂p

shfn∏mSv 3:10 hmKvZØw sNøp∂p.

""klnjvWXsb°pdn®p≈ Fs‚ hN\w \o

ImØpsIm≠Xn\m¬ `qanbn¬ hkn°p∂

hsc ]co£nt°≠Xn\p `qXeØn¬ Fßpw

hcphm\p≈ ]co£mImeØp Rm\pw

\ns∂ Im°pw'' (shfn. 3:10).

""`qanbn¬ hkn°p∂hsc ]co£n°p∂Xp''

kw_‘n®p≈ Hcp hmKvZØamWnXv. shfn. 6:10, 13:

8, 17:8- ¬ Cu hmKvZØw ImWmw. CXp Xo¿®bmbpw

hcm≥ t]mIp∂ atlm]ZhØnse hnizmknIsf

kqNn∏n°p∂XmWv.

shfn. 3:10 ^nseZ¬^nbbnse k`sb ]cma¿in

°p∂XmsW¶nepw, AXp ^nseZ¬^nbbnse

k`bv°pth≠n amXap≈ hmKvZØa√. shfn. 3:20

ethmZnIybv°p amXw \njvI¿jn®n´p≈Xmbn


422

Bcpw Nn¥n°pIbn√. Ggp kÌƒ°p≈ ZqXv

F√mh¿°pw _m[IamWv (2:7; 17, 29, 3:6, 13, 22)

hmkvXhØn¬ AXp ^nseZ¬^nb k`bv°p

amXap≈ ZqX√ ImcWw alm]oU\Øn\p

apºpXs∂ ^nseZ¬^nb k`bnse hnizmknI

sf√mw acn®pt]mbt√m?

Cßs\, atlm]ZhØn¬ \n∂p apgph≥ k`sbbpw

Hgnhm°psa∂ Hcp hmKvZm\w shfn. 3:10 \¬Ip∂p.

k` atlm]ZhØn""eqsS'' (through) kq£n°s∏

Spsa∂mWv atlm]ZhtijhmZnIƒ shfn. 3:10 s\

hymJym\n°p∂Xv. t\ml CXn\p ZrjvSm¥amWv.

Ahs\ ]fbØn¬ \n∂v (out of )FSpØn√, adn®v

]fbØn""eqsS'' kq£n®p. (kept through). F∂mepw

ImeØn""eqsS '' kq£n°psa∂p shfn. 3:10

]dbp∂n√, adn®v ""\n∂ v '' (from/out of)kq£n°psa∂mWv ]dbp∂Xv. ""DusS'' (through)F∂Xns‚ Ko°p ]Zw ek (exit exodus =a)(hrØØneqsSbp≈ Afhv˛ Ubao‰¿). Ko°n¬

shfnbn¬ F∂Xn\v (]pdtØ°v ]pdtØ°p≈ Hcp

hgn). k`sb atlm]ZhØn¬ \n∂p kq£n°psa

∂mWp shfn. 3:10 hmKvZØw sNøp∂Xv.

]co£mImeØp\n∂v kq£n°psa∂ ][m\s∏´

`mKw i≤n°pI˛atlm]ZhImeØp\n∂v

IjvSXbneqsS k` hnSphn°s∏Spsa∂ XcØnep≈

hmKvZØa√. AØcw IjvSImeØp \n∂p

kq£n°pw. IjvSXbn¬ \n∂p kwc£n°s∏SW

sa¶n¬, k` \o°w sNøs∏SWw. DZv]m]WØn\p

tijw hnizkn°p∂h¿ atlm]ZhImeØp

Xo¿®bmbpw IjvSXb\p`hn°pw. Aßs\, t\ml

bpsS ZrjvSm¥w IrXyambncn°pw. atlm]ZhIme

hnip≤∑m¿ apgph\pw atlm]ZhImeØp

kwc£n°s∏SpIbn√. atlm]Zh]q¿∆hmZØns‚

FXncmfnIƒ BKln°p∂Xpt]mse shfn. 3:10

hymJym\n°m\mhn√.

""B sImºp hnip≤∑mtcmSp bp≤w sNbvXv

Ahsc Pbn°p∂Xp Rm≥ I≠p'' (Zm\o. 7:21).

""Ah≥ AXyp∂Xmbh\p hntcm[ambn hºp

]dbpIbpw AXyp∂X\mbhs‚ hnip≤

∑msc HSp°n°fbpIbpw...'' (Zm\n. 7:25).

""Ah≥ A©mw apZ s]mń®t∏mƒ: ssZh

hN\w \nanØhpw Xßƒ ]d™ km£yw

tlXphmbpw Adp°s∏´hcpsS Bflm°sf

Rm≥ bmK]oTØn≥ Iogn¬ I≠p;

hnip≤\pw kXyhm\pw Bb \mYm, qanbn¬

hkn°p∂htcmSp RßfpsS c‡sØ

°pdn®p \o FXtØmfw \ymb hn[nbpw

]XnImchpw \SØmsXbncn°pw F∂v Ah¿

Dds° \nehnfn®p'' (shfn. 6:9˛10).

""Ah¿ Ahs\ Ip™mSns‚ c‡w tlXphm

bn´pw XßfpsS km£yhN\w tlXphmbn´pw

Pbn®p; acW]cy¥w RßfpsS ]mWs\

kvt\ln®Xpan√. .. almk¿∏w kvXotbmSp

tIm]n®p; ssZhIev]\ ]amWn°p∂hcpw

tbiphns‚ km£yw D≈hcpambn AhfpsS

k¥Xnbn¬ tijn∏p≈htcmSp bp≤w

sNøm≥ ]pds∏´p'' (shfn. 12:11, 17).

hnip≤∑mtcmSp bp≤w sNbvXv Ahsc

Pbn°m\pw AXn\v A[nImcw e`n®p.

kIetKmXØnt∑epw hwißfnt∑epw

`mjbnt∑epw PmXnbnt∑epw AXn\v A[n

Imchpw e`n®p. ASnabm°n sIm≠p

t]mIp∂h≥ ASnbmbnt∏mIpw; hmƒsIm≠p

sIm√p∂h≥ hmfm¬ acnt°≠nhcpw; ChnsS

hnip≤∑mcpsS klnjvWXbpw hnizmkhpw

sIm≠v Bhiyw.. arKØns‚ ]Xna kwkmcn

t°≠Xn\pw arKØns‚ ]Xnasb \akv°cn

°mØhsc Hs°bpw sIm√nt°≠Xn\pw

arKØns‚ ]Xnabv°v Bflmhns\ sImSp

°m≥ AXn\p _ew e`n®p... arKØns‚

t]tcm t]cns‚ kwJytbm Bb apZbp≈h

\√msX hmßpItbm hn¬°pItbm sNøm≥

hømsXbpw B°p∂p (shfn. 13:7, 10, 15, 17).

shfn. 3: 10 s\ atlm]ZhtijhmZnIƒ ssIImcyw

sNøp∂Xp ss__nfns\ AXn¬Øs∂ sshcp≤y

am°p∂p. atlm]ZhØns‚ òIcXbneqsS

ssZhP\w kpc£nXambn hnSphn°s∏Spsa∂Xp

kXytab√. atlm]ZhØn¬ \n∂p c£s∏Sm\p≈

GIam¿§w, AXn¬ \n∂p \o°w sNøs∏Sp∂XmWv.

shfn. 3: 10˛¬ k`bv°mbpff hmKvZØamWXv.

B. atlm]Zh]q¿∆hmZØn\p≈ c≠mwInS

]n¥pWbpsS hnebncpØ¬

Xmsg∏dbp∂ Imcyßƒ amXw atlm]Zh

]q¿∆hmZsØ Hcp ]t£ km[qIcn°pIbn√.

F¶nepw _ehØmb sXfnhnt\mS\p_‘n®v AXv

FSpØncn°pIbmWv. Cu hmZØns‚ ho£W

tImWns\ Dd∏n°m≥ AXnShcpØp∂p.

1. k` ssZhtIm[Øn\v Hgnhp≈XmWv.

hnizmknIƒ, \nXyamb ssZhtIm[Øn\v/

in£mhn[n°p ]mXa√mXncns°, ssZhw Xs‚


423

tIm[w `qanbn¬ sNmcnbp∂Xn\p ap≥]v Ahsc

\o°w sNøpsa∂Xn¬ atlm]Zh]q¿∆hmZnIƒ

Xr]vXnbS™ncn°pIbmWv. Cu hmZØn\p

_elo\XIfps≠¶nepw, a‰v Dd∏p≈ ASnÿm

\ßfn¬ atlm]Zh]q¿∆hmZw kpc£nX

am°msa¶n¬ Hcp c≠mwInS kqN\bmbn AXn\p

hnebp≠v. hnizmknIsf√mw ssZhtIm[Øn¬

\n∂v Hgnhp≈hcmbncn°p∂psh∂p Xmsg∏dbp∂

hmIyßƒ ]Tn∏n°p∂p.

""Bta≥, Bta≥ Rm≥ \nßtfmSp ]dbp∂p:

Fs‚ hN\w tI´v Fs∂ Ab®hs\

hnizkn°p∂h\p \nXyPoh≥ D≠v; Ah≥

\ymbhn[nbn¬ BImsX acWØn¬ \n∂p

Poh\nte°p IS∂ncn°p∂p'' (tbml. 5:24).

""Ahs‚ c‡Øm¬ \oXoIcn°s∏´tij

tam \mw Ah\m¬ FXb[nIambn tIm]

Øn¬ \n∂p c£n°s∏Spw'' (tdma. 5:19).

""AXpsIm≠v Ct∏mƒ InkvXptbiphnep≈

h¿°v Hcp in£mhn[nbpan√'' (tdma¿ 8:1).

Ah≥ acn®hcpsS CSbn¬ \n∂p Dbn¿∏n®

Xs‚ ]pX\pw hcphm\p≈ tIm]Øn¬

\n∂p \sΩ hnSphn°p∂h\pamb tbip

kz¿§Øn¬ \n∂p hcp∂Xp ImØncn

°m\pw..'' (1 sX . 1:10).

""ssZhw \sΩ tIm]Øn\√, ..... I¿Ømhmb

tbipInkvXpaqew c£sb ]m]n°m\sX

\nban®ncn°p∂Xv.'' (1 sX . 5:9).

atlm]ZhImew ssZhtIm[Øns‚ Hcp

Imeambncn°psa∂p Xo¿®. almk¿∏Øns‚

tIm[w IqSmsX, (shfn. 12:12), Ip™mSns‚

tIm[Øns‚ kabw IqsSbmWXv (shfn. 6:16). k`

\n›bambpw ssZhtIm[Øn¬ \n∂p kwc£n

°s∏Spw, F∂m¬ kmØms‚ tIm[w klnt® ]‰q

F∂mWp atlm]ZhtijhmZnIfpsS FXn¿∏v. Nne

hnizmknIƒ (]q¿∆ho£WtImWnse atlm]Zh

Imehnip≤∑m¿, tijho£W tImWnse

k`mhnip≤∑m¿) atlm]ZhImeØp `qanbnep

≠mbncn°pw. ssZhnI\ymbhn[nbpsS kabØv,

InkvXphns‚ c‡Øn≥ Iognep≈h¿°p `qanbn¬

XpScm≥ Ignbn√msb∂ XXzNn¥bpsS thcdp°p∂

XmWnXv, Cßs\, ssZhtIm[Øn¬ \n∂p≈

Hgnhm°ens‚ D]tZiØn\p Xs∂Øm≥

atlm]Zh]q¿∆ DZv]m]Ww ÿm]n°m≥ Ignbn√.5

AXpsIm≠mWv AXns\ ""c≠mw InS ]n¥pW''

bn¬ h®ncn°p∂Xv.

F∂ncp∂mepw, AXns‚ _elo\XIƒ Adn™ncn

s°Øs∂, ssZhØns‚ \ymbhn[nbn¬ \n∂p

hnizmknIƒ Hgn™ncn°p∂psh∂Xp atlm]Zh

]q¿∆ho£WtØmSp \∂mbn tbmPn°p∂p≠v.

atlm]Zh]q¿∆hmZw a‰p IqSpX¬ Dd∏p≈

XeØnt∑¬ hnizmkyambncns°, hnizmknIƒ

ssZhtIm[Øn\p ]mXamIpIbn√msb∂ hmZw

(]nXmsh∂ \nebnep≈ Ahs‚ tIm[Øn\v

FXncmWv), Ip™mSns‚ tIm[ kabØp k`

D≠mbncn°pIbn√ F∂ ho£WtØmSp

tbmPn°p∂p.

1 sX tem\nIy¿ 5 `mKßƒ khntiji≤

A¿ln°p∂p. apIfn¬ D≤cn® hmIyw 9 ]dbp∂Xp

hcm≥ t]mIp∂ tIm[Øn¬ \n∂p hnizmknIƒ

hnSphn°s∏Spsa∂mWv. kµ¿`w atlm]ZhamWv.

"I≈≥ cmXnbnse∂Xpt]mse' s]s´∂p≈ \miw

h∂p `hn°pw (hm. 3˛4). DZv]m]WØns‚ G‰hpw

kµ¿t`mNnXamb hmKvZØamWv 1 sX . 5:4.

F∂m¬ ktlmZc∑mtc, B \mƒ (B

Imebfhnt\mSp kmayw ) I≈≥ F∂t]mse

\nßsf ]nSn°m≥ \nßƒ Ccp´nep≈hc√

(1 sX . 5:4).

A]Xo£nXamb \mihpw tZmjhpamWp I≈≥

sIm≠phcp∂Xv. atlm]Zhw k`bv°v Hcp

B›cyambnc°pIbn√msb∂ hmKvZØamWnsX∂v

Hcmƒ°p ]dbm\mhpw. F∂n´pw, ]utemkns‚

hmb\°mtcmSp≈ hmKvZØw atlm]ZhIme

\miamIp∂ I≈s‚ Iøn¬ \n∂p≈ hnSpXemWv

AXn\p apºp≈ DZv]m]Ww

2. k` F∂ ]Zw shfn. 4˛18 hscbp≈ A≤ymbß

fn¬ ImWp∂n√.

""k`'' F∂ ]Zw 19 XhW shfn. 1˛3 hscbp≈

5 ssZhtIm[w XpSßptºmƒ atlm]ZhØn¬ Hcpkabw Nq≠n°mWn°m≥ Nne¿ ian°p∂p. ]ns∂ Ah¿


tIm[Øn\p ap≥]p≈ Hcp DZv]m]Ww AhImis∏Sp∂p. ssZhtIm[Øns‚ kabsØ°mƒ a‰v ASnÿm\ßfnt∑embncn°Ww DZv]m]Ww \n¿Æbnt°≠sX∂vFgpØpImc≥ hnizkn°p∂p. Xo¿®bmbpw hnizmknIƒ°p(atlm]ZhIme hnip≤∑msc∂p hnfn°p∂hcmbm¬t∏mepw) ssZhtIm[Øns‚ kabØv ChnsSXmakn°m≥ Ignbpw. ssZhtIm[Øns‚ kabØns‚ASnÿm\Øn¬ DZv]m]WØns‚ kabØns‚ hmZßsf√mw _elo\amIp∂p. _ehØmb ASnÿm\ßfnt∑¬ DZv]m]WØns‚ kabØn\mbn hmZn°p∂Xpw ]ns∂ c≠mwInS Imcyambn ssZhtIm[Øn¬\n∂p≈ Hgnhm°ens\ XcwXncn°pI.

424

A≤ymbßfn¬ ImWp∂p. ]ns∂ atlm]Zh

sØ°pdn®p≈ hnhcW`mKßfn¬ \ns∂√mw AXv

A]Xy£amIp∂p. k`bnep≈hcmbn´mWp

""hnip≤∑msc'' atlm]ZhtijhmZnIƒ hymJym\n

°p∂Xv. atlm]ZhsØ°pdn®pff Imcyßsf∏‰n

AXp ]e XhW hcp∂p≠v (shfn. 11:18, 13:7, 10, 16:

6 apXembh). F∂mepw, 1˛3 hsc A≤ymbßfn¬

XpS¿®bmbn I≠phcp∂ ]Zamb k` 4˛mw

A≤ymbØn¬ A]Xy£amIm≥ XpSßp∂Xp

atlm]Zh]q¿∆hmZambn hymJym\n°p∂XmWv

G‰hpw \√Xv. k` i≤n°m\p≈ \nc¥camb

At]£Iƒ BZy A≤ymbßfn¬ \¬Ip∂p. shfn.

13:9 it≤bamb am‰w ImgvNhbv°p∂p. atlm]Zh

]q¿∆hmZØn\p _ehØmb ]n≥XpWbp≠mbncn

s°, shfn. 4˛18 se k`sb∂ ]ZØns‚ A`mhw

CXns\ km[qIcn°m≥ D]tbmKn® Xmbncn°mw.

3. Zm\otbens‚ BZy 69 BgvNh´Øn¬ k`

Dƒs∏´n´n√... AXns\ 70˛mw BgvNh´Øn¬

Dƒs∏SpØn°qSm.

Zm\n, 9:24˛27, 70 BgvNIfpsS ap∂dnbn∏p \¬Ip∂p

(DZm. h¿jßfpsS BgvNIƒ). aiolmbpsS acW

Øn\p ap≥]mWv BZysØ 69 BgvNIƒ kw`hn°p

∂Xv. 70˛mw BgvNh´w atlm]ZhImebfhmWv

(aØm. 24:15; Zm\o. 9:27). IqioIcWØn\p ap≥]p≈

69 BgvNh´Øn¬ k`bv°p bmsXmcp ]¶pan√.

Cßs\, atlm]ZhImebfhmb 70˛mw BgvN

h´Øns‚ k`bv°p bmsXmcp ]¶pap≠mbncn

°pIbn√msb∂p hy‡amWv.

Cu hkvXpX ]q¿∆hmZØn\v A\pIqeamWv.

F∂n´pw \ni_vZamb hmZßƒ c≠mwInSbmbn

\n¬°p∂p.

4. 24 aq∏∑m¿ k`sb ]Xn\n[oIcn°ps∂¶n¬,

atlm]ZhØn\p ap≥]p k` kz¿§Ønembncn°pw.6

knwlmk\Øns‚ Np‰nepw Ccp]Øn\mep

knwlmk\w; sh≈bpSp∏p [cn®pwsIm≠p

knwlmk\ßfn¬ Ccn°p∂ Ccp]Øn\mep

aq∏∑m¿; AhcpsS Xebn¬ s]m≥IncoSw

(shfn. 4:4).

shfn∏mSv 4:4 se aq∏∑m¿ k`bpsS kz¿§Ønse

]Xn\n[nIfmsW∂Xpt]mse tXm∂p∂p. \mep

apJßfpw, Bdp NndIpIfpap≈ ZqXPohnIfn¬

\n∂p hyXykvXcmbn a\pjycmbn Ch¿ ImWs∏

Sp∂p. k`mt\Xm°∑msc°pdn°p∂ Hcp t]cmWp

aq∏≥. Cu 24 aq∏∑msc°pdn®p≈ hnhcWßƒ

k`mhnip≤∑m¿°v A\ptbmPyamWv. (knwlmk\

ÿ¿ shfn. 3:21; sh≈\neb¶n [cn®h¿ shfn. 3:5;

19:8; IncoSßƒ 2 Xnsam. 4:8).

F∂mepw Cu hmIyØn¬ amXw atlm]Zh

]q¿∆hmZØn\p \ne\n¬°m\mhn√. k`m

hnip≤∑m¿ `qanbn¬ Pohn®ncn°ptºmƒ acn®p

th¿s]´ k`maq∏∑m¿ kz¿§Øn¬ ssZhknwlm

k\Øn\p Np‰pancn°p∂Xp km≤yamtWm? Cu

\nanjØn¬Øs∂ kz¿§Øn¬ CXb[nIw

k`maq∏∑mcnt√? atlm]Zh]q¿∆hmZØn¶¬

t\csØ Xs∂ hnizkn°p∂h¿ shfn. 4˛mw

A≤ymbØn¬ hcptºmƒ, Ah¿ hnizkn°p∂

Xpambn AXn\p≈ tbmPn∏p I≠v Xßƒ icnbmb

]mXbn¬Øs∂bmsW∂p a\ nemIpw. aq∏∑m¿

Cu hmZØns‚ c≠mwInS sXfnhmbn IW°m°p∂

XmWp \√Xv.

5. atlm]ZhØn\p ap≥]v, XSp°p∂h≥ hgnbn¬

\n∂p \oßnt∏mIWw.

k` \oßnt∏mImsX ]cnip≤mflmhp \oßn

t∏mIp∂Xv Dƒs°m≈m≥ ]bmkamWv.

Bcpw GXp hnt[\bpw \nßsf NXn°cpXv;

BZyta hnizmkXymKw kw`hn°pIbpw

\mitbmKy\pw A[¿Ωaq¿Ønbpambh≥

shfns∏SpIbpw thWw. Ah≥ ssZhme

bØn¬ Ccp∂psIm≠p ssZhw F∂p \Sn®v,

ssZhsat∂m ]qPmhnjbsat∂m t]cp≈

kIeØn\pw aosX Xs∂Øm≥ Db¿Øp∂

FXncmfnbsX.. Ah≥ kabØn\p apsº

shfns∏SmXncnt°≠Xn\v Ct∏mƒ XSbp∂Xv

F¥v F∂p \nßƒ Adnbp∂p. A[¿ΩØn

s‚ a¿Ωw Ct∏mtg hym]cn°p∂p≠v;

CXphsc XSbp∂h≥ hgnbn¬ \n∂p

\oßnt∏mhpI amXw thWw. At∏mƒ

A[¿Ωaq¿Øn shfns∏´phcpw; Ahs\

I¿Ømhmb tbip Xs‚ hmbnse izmk

Øm¬ HSp°n Xs‚ ]Xy£XbpsS ]`mh

Øm¬ \in∏n°pw (2 sX . 2:3˛4, 6- 8).

2 sX tem\nIy¿ 2 ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv ssZhw

A[¿Ωaq¿Øn(FXn¿InkvXp)sb \n›nX kabw

6 shfn. 5:9˛10˛¬ sSIvÃn¬ hyXymkap≈Xn\m¬aq∏∑msc°pdn®p≈ ]T\w th≠X \sΩ ChnsS klmbn°pIbn√. Atacn°≥ Ãm≥tU¿Uv ss__nfn¬shfn. 5:10- aq∂masXmcp hy‡nbmbn´mWv aq∏∑msc]Xn]mZn®ncn°p∂Xv, Cu aq∏∑m¿ k`tbmSp _‘s∏´hcmIWsa∂n√. ""RßfpsS ssZhØn\v AhsccmPyhpw ]ptcmlnX∑mcpw B°nsh®p; Ah¿ `qanbn¬hmgp∂p Fs∂mcp ]pXnb ]m v Ah¿ ]mSp∂p.''


425

hsc XSbp∂psh∂mWv. XSp°p∂h≥ Hcp

am\pjnI `cWIqSamsW∂p Nne¿ ]dbp∂p.

F∂mepw kmØms‚ ]cn]mSnsb ]n≥hmßn∏n

°m≥ i‡nbp≈X√. am\pjnI cWIqSw amXa√

AXv ZpjvSX Dbcp∂Xns\ Ft∏mgpw XSbp∂pan√.

AXn\p ZpjvSXsb XSp°p∂h≥ Fs∂

]p√nwKamWv, Kh¨sa‚ v Hcp hy‡nb√t√m.

XSp°∂h≥ Hcp hy‡nbmsW∂p hymJym\n°p

∂XmWp \√Xv. kmØms‚ temIm[n]XysØ

XSpØp \n¿Øm≥ ssZhØn\p amXta Ignbq. hm.

6˛se \]pwkI]tbmKamb AXv kqNn∏n°p∂Xp

]utemkns‚ a\ nse ]cnip≤mflmhns\bmWv.

Ahs\mcp hy‡nbmsW¶nepw ""Bflmhp''

hymIcW]cambn \]pwkIamWv. Hcp \nebn¬,

atlm]Zhw XpSßp∂Xn\p ap≥]p ]cnip≤mflmhp

Xs∂Øm≥ \o°s∏Spw. XnI®pw \oßnt∏mIb√

CXv, Bflmhp k¿∆hym]nbmbXn\m¬, Xn∑sb

\o°p∂tXmS\p_‘n®p≈ Ahs‚ ]tXyI

km∂n≤yØns‚ Ahkm\n∏n°ep≠mbncn°pw.

XSp°p∂Xn\p kzm[o\w sNepØm≥ k`

`qanbnep≠mbncns° ]cnip≤mflmhn\p Ignbp

sa∂p Nn¥n°p∂pt≠m? CØcw km≤yXsb

atlm]tZchtijhmZnIƒ Kln°Ww. atlm]Zh

Ime hnip≤∑m cpsSbnSbnse (DZm. \jvSs∏´h

¿°p t_m[w hcpØp∂Xv) a‰p ipiqjIfnse

]cnip≤mflmhns‚ km∂n≤yw F√mhcpw AwKoIcn

t°≠Xn\m¬ amXw AXp \√XmWv.

XSp°p∂Xnt\mSp≈ _‘Øn¬ ]cnip≤mflm

hns‚ km∂n≤yw \oßnt∏mbmepw ssZhP\Øns‚

bnSbn¬ a‰p ]hrØnIƒ XpScm≥ Ah\p km≤y

Xbp≠v.

F¶nepw, Xn∑sb XSp°p∂ ]mYantIm]IcWambn

]h¿Øn°m≥ ssZhw k`sb D]tbmKn°p∂p.

AXp ""`qanbpsS D∏pw'' ""temIØns‚ shfn®''hp

amWv. (aØm. 5:13; ^nen. 2:15˛16). XSp°p∂

]mYantIm]IcWamb k`sb \o°w sNømsX,

XSp°p∂ ]cnip≤mflmhns\ \o°w sNøp∂Xp

Kln°m≥ ]bmkamtb°mw. k`bpsS ]mYanI

]h¿Ø\ßfnsem∂mb \n¿Ø¬ sNøp∂Xv

k`bpsS `qanbnse ]h¿Ø\ßsf√mw \n¿Øp

∂XmWv. atlm]Zh]q¿∆ \ne]mSp icnbmsW∂v,

2 sX . 2˛¬ hcp∂Xn\p ap≥]p ImWp∂bmƒ,

kw`hßfpsS Iaw Xs‚ ho£WØn\p tbmPn°p

∂XmsW∂p ImWpw.

6. Xmev°menI \ymbhn[nIƒ temIsØ _m[n°p

∂Xn\p ap≥]p hnizmknIsf \o°w sNøp∂Xns‚

ZrjvSm¥ßƒ thZ]pkvXIw \¬Ip∂p≠v.

D]tZißƒ ZrjvSm¥ßfnt∑¬ amXw ]WnbcpXv.

F¶nepw, a‰p ]Tn∏n°epIƒ aqew Hcp D]tZiw a‰p

]Tn∏n°epIfnt∑¬ ÿm]n°Wsa¶n¬, DZmlc

Wßtfm kmZriyßtfm, c≠mwInS Dd∏pIfmtbm

ZrjvSm¥ßfmtbm D]tbmKn°mw.

t\mlbpsSbpw temØns‚bpw cmlm_ns‚bpw

DZmlcWßƒ ImWn°p∂Xv, ssZhw AhnizmknI

tfmsSm∏w hnizmknIsf \ymbw hn[n°pI

bns√∂mWv. CXp atlm]Zh]q¿∆ \ne]mSns\

]n≥XpWbv°p∂p. F∂mepw tijhmZnIƒs°mcp

\ymbap≠v. ssZhw Ahsc tIm[Øn¬ \n∂p

kwc£n®XmWv ]t£ \o°w sNbvXn√. atlm

]ZhØn¬ ssZhw hnizmknIsf kwc£nt®°mw

(kmØms‚ tIm[Øn¬ \n∂p hyXykvXamb

\nebn¬) ]t£ Ahsc temIØn¬ \n∂p \o°w

sNømsXbmbncn°pw Aßs\ sNøpI.

7. InkvXphns‚ hchv Ggph¿jw AIsebm

sW¶n¬ AXX ip≤oIcn°p∂ ]Xymib√.

1 tbml. 3: 3 ]dbp∂Xp InkvXphns‚ aSßnhchn\v

Hcp ip≤oIcWtijnbps≠∂mWv. Ggph¿jsØ

Xmakw Hcp]s£ ip≤oIcWtijn ]q¿Æambn

C√mXm°p∂Xs√¶nepw AXp Ipdbv°pw. Bk

∂amb Hcp DZv]m]Ww IqSpX¬ Xo£vWamb Hcp

ip≤oIcW ^ew Dfhm°p∂p.

C. atlm]Zh]q¿∆ DZv]m]WØns‚ kwKlw

atlm]ZhtijhmZØn¬ hnizkn°p∂hsc

t_m[hXv°cn°m≥ ]q¿∆hmZnIƒ D]tbmKn°p∂

hmZapJßƒ _elo\amsWs∂mcp Ip‰w

]dbm\p≠v. _elo\hißƒ°pth≠n [ocambn

hmZn°p∂Xn\m¬ Ah¿°p KpWsam∂pan√.

_ehØmb hmZapJßƒ D∂bn°p∂XmWp \√Xv,

AXns‚ sa®ßfn¬ AXp \n¬°pItbm hogpItbm

sNøs´. Cu X¥w ]n≥XpS¿∂n´v, atlm]Zh

]q¿∆hmZamWp hnizkn°mhp∂ D]tZisa∂p

KŸImc≥ \nKa\ØnseØWw. Adnbs∏Sp∂

thZ]pkvXI hkvXp°tfmSp tbmPn°p∂XmWp

]q¿∆hmZsa∂pd∏n°p∂ c≠mwInS ]n¥pWIƒ°v

AXpd∏n°m\p≈ ]¶v Ct∏mgpap≠v.

V. atlm]Zh]q¿∆hmZJWvU\w

Hcp \√ ]Xntcm[w Hcp \√ Ip‰Øns‚ mKamWv.

AXpsIm≠v, atlm]ZhtijhmZnIfpsS sh√p


426

hnfnItfmSp≈ G‰pap´¬ aqew atlm]Zh]q¿∆

hmZw _es∏Sp∂p.

A. atlm]ZhtijhmZnIƒ ]et∏mgpw Hcp AdHominum kao]\amWp ssIs°m≈p∂Xv.

\sén√mØ, ocpXzØnt∑¬ ASnÿm\s∏´XmWv

atlm]Zh]q¿∆hmZsa∂mWv AhcpsS ]kvXmhw.

As√¶n¬, atlm]ZhhmZw sX‰mbn ]Xy£s∏

Sp∂nSØv Ah¿ kwLSnX X¥w aqew Ip‰w Npa

Øp∂p. ImcWw, a‰p taJeIfn¬ ]mcºcyho£W

ap≈bmƒ ]dt™°mw Abmsfmcp atlm]Zh

]q¿∆hmZnbmsW∂v. ]NcWw sXfnh√. H‰s∏´

atlm]Zh ]q¿∆hmZnIƒ ssIs°m≈p∂ a‰p

taJeIfnse sX‰mb ho£Wßƒ°p atlm]Zh

]q¿∆ DZv]m]WØns‚ hnebpambn Hcp Imcyan√.

AXpt]mse, òcpXzØn¬ ASnÿm\s∏´XmWp

atlm]Zh]q¿∆hmZsa∂ ]kvXmhw auVyamWv.

t]cp hnfn°msXtbm ]NcWX¥an√msXtbm

thWw ]q¿∆hmZnIƒ Imcyßƒ ssIImcyw

sNtø≠Xv.

B. atlm]Zh]q¿∆hmZw XmcXtay\ kao]Ime

tØXmsW∂p atlm]ZhtijhmZnIƒ Btcm]n

°p∂p.

Hcp \ne]mSns‚ ]g°a√ AXp kXyamsW∂p

≈Xns‚ A¥nakqN\. \hoIcWØn\p apºp≠m

bncp∂ kXyßƒ AXn\ptijw ]Tn∏n®hsb°mƒ

D∂Xambncps∂∂mtWm \nßƒ ]dbp∂Xv?

atlm]Zh]q¿∆hmZw XmcXtay\ ASpØImetØ

XmsW∂p ]dbp∂Xv A¿≤kXyw amXamWv.

InkvXphns‚ Bk∂amb aSßnhchn¬ BZnak`

hnizkn®ncp∂Xmbn A∂sØ FgpØpIƒ

Nq≠n°m´p∂p. atlm]ZhsØ°pdn®v Fs¥¶nepw

kp\n›nXamb ho£Wßƒ°p ]hWXbpan√.

Cßs\, At∏mkvXenIImesØ k` atlm]Zh

]q¿∆hpa√ atlm]Zhtijhpa√msb∂v Cu

c≠p ]ZßfpsS B[p\nI [mcWbnep≠v. hnIkn®

kºZmbambn c≠pw XmcXtay\ ]pXnbXmWv.

bYm¿∞ ]pXnb\nbak`bpsS \ne]mSmWp

hnjbw. DZv]m]Ww Bk∂amsW∂pw atlm

]Zhw `mhnImeamsW∂pw Ah¿ hy‡ambn

hnizkn®ncp∂p. Cßs\, BZnak`bpsS A¥yIme

ho£Wßfpambn tbmPn°p∂hcmWp atlm]Zh

]q¿∆hmZnIƒ. CXmWp hnjbamt°≠Xv. 7

C. InkvXphns‚ aSßnhchv Bk∂amsW∂

D]tZiw atlm]ZhtijhmZnIƒ \ntj[n°p∂p.

ssZhØns‚ kab∏ńIbnse ASpØ kw`hw

DZv]m]WamsW∂p \nch[n thZhmIyßƒ ]dbp

s∂¶nepw, InkvXp GXp \nanjhpw aSßnhcmsa∂p

]pXnb\nbak` hnizkn∏n®ncp∂psh∂Xp atlm]

Zhtij hmZnIƒ \ntj[n°p∂p. Xmsg∏dbp∂Xp

t]msebp≈ GXn¿hmZßfmWv Ah¿ D∂bn

°p∂Xv.

1. I¿Ømhns‚ aSßnhchn\p apºv ]sXmkv

hr≤\mtI≠nbncp∂Xn\m¬ (tbml. 21:18˛19),

BZnak` Bk∂amb DZv]m]WØn¬ hnizkn®n

cp∂n√.

Cu FXn¿∏p hy‡ambpw sX‰msW∂Xv,

InkvXphns‚ Bk∂amb aSßnhchns\°pdn

®p≈ teJ\ßƒ FgpXnb kabambt∏mtg°pw

]sXmkv hr≤\mbncp∂p. temIsaºmSpap≈

InkvXym\nIƒ AdnbmsXXs∂ GXp kabØpw

c‡km£nIbmIm\p≈X ]mbw ]sXmkn\p

≠mbncp∂p. AXpsIm≠v ]sXmkv hr≤\mbv

Pohn°psa∂p≈ ap∂dnbn∏v BZnak`bpsS

hnizmktØmSp s]mcpØs∏Sp∂Xm(teJ\ßfn¬

ASnÿm\s∏´Xv)Wv ˛ InkvXp GXp kabØpw

aSßnhcmsa∂ hnizmkw.

2. ZqctZitØ°p t]mb Ipeo\\mb a\pjys‚

D]a (eqt°mkv 19:11˛27; aØmbn 25:14˛30).

AXpsIm≠v, InkvXp Hcp ZqcbmX t]mbncn°pI

bmsW∂pw, Bk∂amb Hcp DZv]m]Who£W

tØmSp ]‰nt®¿∂pIqSmsb∂pw ]pXnb\nbak`

]Xo£n®p.

Ah≥ Hcp D]abpwIqsS ]d™Xv Fs¥∂m¬:

""Ipeo\\mb Hcp a\pjy≥ cmPXzw ]m]n®p

aSßnhcWw F∂ph®p ZqctZitØ°p bmX

t]mbn'' (eqt°mkv 19:12).

CXm, _elo\amb as‰mcp hmZw. InkvXphns‚

Bk∂amb aSßnhchns\°pdn®p≈ teJ\ßƒ

]Tn∏n°p∂ Imeambt∏mtg°pw, I¿Ømhp t]mbn v

Gsd°psd Ccp]Xp h¿jßfmbn. GXp \nebnem

sW¶nepw Ccp]Xp h¿jsØ bmX ""ZqcbmX''

Xs∂bmWv. Ipeo\\mb a\pjys‚ D]abnse

bmsXm∂pw Xs∂, Bk∂amb DZv]m]WØn¬

hnizkn°p∂Xn¬ \n∂p k`sb XSp°m\n√.

I¿Ømhv GXp kabØpw aSßnhcmsa∂v BZna

k` ]Xo£n®p.


7 See John walvoord, The Rapture Question, rev. ed(GrandRapids: Zonder Publishing Co., 1979), pp. 150-57

427

3. InkvXphns‚ aSßnhchn\p ap≥]p sbcqitew

\int°≠Xn\m¬, Bk∂amb DZv]m]WØn¬

BZnak` hnizkn®ncp∂n√.

""ssk\yßƒ sbcqiteans\ hf™ncn°p∂

Xp ImWptºmƒ AXns‚ iq\yImew ASp

Øncn°p∂psh∂v Adn™psImƒhn≥''

(eqt°m. 21:20).

In. ]n. 70˛¬ tdmam°m¿ sbcpiteans\

\in∏n®Xns\°pdn®mWv AhnsS∏dbp∂sX∂p

\ap°dnbmw. F¶nepw, I¿Ømhns‚ Bk∂amb

DZv]m]WØn\ptijhpw, At∏mƒØs∂ `qanbn

te°p≈ Ahs‚ aSßnhchn\pw (atlm]Zh

ImeØn¬) ap≥]mWp AXp kw`hnt°≠sX∂p

BZnak`bv°dnbmambncp∂p.

InkvXphns‚ Bk∂amb aSßnhcsh∂ Bib

Øn\v hcpºpsI´m≥ a‰p \nch[n hkvXpXIƒ

atlm]ZhtijhmZnIƒ \ncØp∂p≠v. CSbn¬

a‰p ]ekw`hßsfm∂pan√msX InkvXp GXp

kabØpw aSßnhcpsa∂mbncp∂p ]pXnb\nba

k`bpsS ]Xo£. atlm]Zh]q¿∆hmZØn\p≈

i‡amb ]n¥pWIfnsem∂mWnXv.

D. atlm]ZhImeØn¬ \n∂p \o°w sNøet√;

adn®v AXn¬ \n∂p≈ kwc£WamWp≈Xv.

shfn. 3:10 se tijhmZw t]Pv 389˛391˛¬ hniZoIcn

®p Ign™p. atlm]ZhØnse IjvSXbn¬

\n∂p≈ shdpsamcp kwc£Wsa∂ hmKvZØa√

AXnep≈Xv. atlm]ZhØns‚ ImeØn¬

""\n∂p≈''≈ kwc£WamWhnsS. atlm]Zh

IjvSXbn¬ \n∂p hnip≤∑msc kwc£n°m\p≈

GIhgn Ahsc AXn¬ \n∂p \o°w sNøpI

sb∂XmWv. AXs√¶n¬ Ah¿ IjvSs∏Spw (Zm\o.

7:21˛25; shfn. 6:9˛10; 12:11, 17; 13:7, 10; 15, 17).

Hcp atlm]ZhIme]q¿∆ DZv]m]WsØ shfn. 3:10

hy‡ambn ]n¥pWbv°p∂p. AXn¬ Im]SyØn

\p≈ iaßƒ Xr]vXnIca√.

E. atlm]ZhØn\ptijw Hcp ]p\cp∞m\hpw

(Zm\o. 12:1˛2; sbi. 26:16˛19; shfn. 20:4, 5)

]p\cp∞m\thfbn¬ Hcp DZv]m]Whpw D≠mbncn

s°(1 sX . 4:13; 1 sImcn. 15:51 ff) DZv]m]Ww

kw`hnt°≠Xp atlm]ZhØns‚ HSphnembn

cn°Ww.

CXmWp km≤yamb Hcp \nKa\w. F∂ncp∂mepw,

]q¿∆hmZnIfpw atlm]ZhØns‚ kam]\

Ønep≈ ]p\cp∞m\w Hcp hkvXpXbmbn

Dƒs∏SpØp∂p≠v. ]gb\nbahnip≤∑mcpsSbpw

atlm]ZhIme hnip≤∑mcpsSbpw ]p\cp∞m

\sØ Ah¿ km[mcWbmbn atlm]ZhØns‚

HSphnemWp hbv°pI˛ Zm\o. 12:1˛2; sbi. 26:16˛19;

shfn. 20:4 A\pkcn®mWnXv.

atlm]ZhØns‚ kam]\Øn¬ GsX¶nepw

XcØnep≈ ]p\cp∞m\w hbv°p∂XpsIm≠p

atlm]Zh]q¿∆hmZw tbmPn°mXncn°p∂n√.

atlm]ZhØn\p ap≥]pXs∂ k` FSp°s∏Spw.

At∏mƒØ s∂, atlm]ZhØns‚ kam]\Ønse

]p\cp∞m\sØ°pdn®p≈ hmIyßƒ bnkmtben

t‚tXm atlm]ZhIme hnip≤∑mcptStXm BWv.

atlm]ZhØns‚ HSphnep≈ Hcp ]p\cp∞m\

Øn\p atlm]ZhØn\p ap≥]p k` FSp°s∏Sm≥

Ignbptam C√tbm F∂Xpambn _‘sam∂pan√.

hmkvXhØn¬, ]p\cp∞m\kw_‘amb atlm]

ZhtijhmZw KpcpXcamb ]iv\ßfnte°mWp

\bn°p∂Xv. hnip≤∑msc√mw (acn®hcpw

Poht\mSncn°p∂hcpw) Dbn¿sØgpt∂ev°pIbpw

tXPkv°cn°s∏SpIbpw sNbvXpsh∂p h∂m¬,

klkm_vZØn¬ `qanbn¬ s]‰ps]cpIp∂Xn\p

tXPkv°cn°s∏SmØ Hcp hnip≤\pw Ahtijn

°pIbn√. atlm]ZhØn\p ap≥]p k`bpsS

]p\cp∞m\hpw, AXn\ptijw ]gb\nba,

atlm]ZhImehnip≤∑mcmb c‡km£nIfpsS

Dbn¿∏pambncn°p∂XmWp \√Xv. atlm]ZhsØ

AXnPohn°p∂ hnizmknIƒ°p cmPyØn¬

AhcpsS kzm`mhnIicocambncn°pw D≠mhpI.

AhcmWp klkm_vZØn¬ temIØn¬ s]‰p

s]cpIp∂h¿.

F. kphntijßfnse Iaw atlm]ZhamWv,

c≠mw hchpw ]ns∂ cmPyhpw

kphntijØns‚ Iahpambn atlm]Zh]q¿∆

hmZnIƒ°p tbmPn∏p≠v. DZm. atlm]Zhw

`qanbnte°p≈ c≠mwhchv, ]ns∂ cmPyw. F∂m¬

Ah DZv]m]Whpw shfns∏Sepw XΩnep≈

hyXymkw \ne\n¿Øp∂p≠v. DZv]m]Ww Hcp

""a¿Ω'' ambncp∂p (1 sImcn. 15:51; 1 sX . 4:13).

CXn\¿∞w AXp k`bv°p shfns∏SpØnb ad™n

cp∂ Hcp kXyamsW∂mWv. Henhpae]`mjW

thfbn¬, DZ v ]m]WsØ°pdn®p I¿Ømhp

bmsXm∂pw shfns∏SpØnbn√. kphntijßfn¬

DZv]m]WsØ°pdn®p≈ D]tZiw Bcpw ]Xo£n

°cpXv. c≠mw BKa\Øn¬ atlm]Zhw Ahkm

\n°psa∂pw cmPyw D≠mIpsa∂pw I¿Ømhp

]Tn∏n®p. Cu D]tZiØnemWv atlm]Zh]q¿∆


428

8 Charles C. Ryrie, Basic Theology, (Wheaton, I1; VictorBooks, 1986), p. 497.

hmZhpw AXp t]mse Xs∂ tijhmZkºZmbhpw

\nesIm≈p∂Xv. A¥yImeimkvXØns‚ IqSpX¬

kºq¿Æamb shfn∏mSnt\mSp ]q¿∆hmZnIƒ°p

kwthZ\£aXbp≠v. F√m thtZm]tZißfpw

s]mcpØs∏SpØm≥ Ah¿ ian°p∂p F∂XpamWv

hyXymkw.

G. atlm]ZhImebfhn¬ hnip≤∑m¿ `qanbnep

≠mbncn°psa∂p shfn∏mSp]pkvXIw NnXoI

cn°p∂p.

bnkmtbens\ k`bn¬ \n∂p hyXykvXambn

ImWm≥ IgnbmØh¿°v (k`mhnip≤∑mcn¬ \n∂p

]gb\nba hnip≤∑msc) H∂ne[nIw XcØnep≈

"hnip≤sc'∂ hmIyßƒ Zln°pIbn√. c≠p

ssZhimkvXhIp∏pIfpw atlm]ZImebfhn¬

`qanbn¬ hnip≤∑m¿ D≠mbncn°psa∂p kΩXn

°p∂p (Zm\o. 7, aØm. 24:25; shfn. 7, 13). Ah¿

k`mhnip≤∑mcmtWm AtXm atlm]ZhIme

hnip≤∑mcmtWm F∂XmWp hnjbw.

atlm]ZhImesØ°pdn®p≈ ]Tn∏n°epIfn¬

""hnip≤∑m¿'' F∂ ]ZtØmSp _‘s∏SpØn k`

F∂ hm°v shfn∏mSmbn D]tbmKn°p∂n√msb

∂Xp atlm]Zh]q¿∆hmZnIfpsS kp][m\amb

\oco£WamWv.

H. k`bv°p D]Zhaps≠∂ hmKvZØap≠v

Zp:Jtam D]Zhtam A\p`hn°p∂Xpw atlm]Zh

ØneqsS IS°p∂Xpw XΩn¬ hyXykap≠v.

InkvXym\nIƒ temIØn¬ shdp°s∏´hcmsW∂

ap∂dnbn∏p hN\w \¬Ip∂p≠v (tbml. 15:18˛19,

16:1˛2; 33; At∏m . ]h. 14:22; ^nen. 1:29; 1 sX . 3:3;

2 Xnsam. 3:12). ]t£ `qanbn¬ ssZhtIm[w

sNmcnbp∂ Imebfhn¬ k` AXp kln°ptam

F∂Xn\p≈ sXfnshm∂pa√ CXv.

I. A¥yImlf\mZØn¶emWv DZv]m]Wap≠mhpI

(1 sImcn. 15:52), Ahkm\Imlfw apgßp∂Xp

atlm]ZhImebfhns‚ A¥yØnemsW∂p

tcJs∏SpØnbn´p≠v (aØm. 24:31).

atlm]Zhtijta DZv]m]Ww a‰p hy‡amb

ASnÿm\ßfn¬ sXfnbn°m\mhq. Imlf\m

ZØns‚ hkvXpX Hcp Dd∏n°emWv. F∂mepw

AXpsIm≠pXs∂ tijhmZw sXfnbn°m\mhn√.

""Ahkm\aWn'' sb∂v Hcp kvIqƒIp´n ]dbptºmƒ,

Hcp aWn\mZ]cºcbmWv, temI NcnXØn¬ Ft∂

°pw apgßns°m≠ncn°p∂ Ahkm\aWn\mZa√.

Hcp atlm]Zh]q¿∆hmZn°v ""A¥yImlf\mZw''

(1 sImcn. 15:52) k`mbpKØns‚ A¥yImlfamWv,

\nXyXbv°mbp≈ hnfnbpsS \mZa√. kz¿§Øn¬

\nXyXbv°mbn Hcp Imlf\mZw Hcn°epw D≠mbncn

°pIbn√. AXp sIm≠v, ""A¥yImlf\mZ''Øns‚

""A¥y''sa∂Xp Hcp Imebfhns‚ Ahkm\amsW

∂p ho£n°Ww. ]q¿∆hmZnIƒ Nn¥n°p∂Xv CXv

k`mbpKØns‚ Ahkm\ Imlfsa∂mWv. tij

hmZnIƒ Nn¥n°p∂Xv CXv alm]oU\Øns‚

Ahkm\Øn¬ [z\n°p∂ Imlfambn´mWv. AXp

sIm≠pXs∂ B A¥yImlf\mZØn\v DZv]m]W

Øns‚ Imebf hpambn _‘sam∂pan√.

J. kwKlw

atlm]Zh]q¿∆hmZtØmSp atlm]Ztij

hmZØns‚ FXn¿∏pIƒ°p kq£va]cntim[

\bn¬ \ne\nev]n√. DZv]m]WØn\pw shfns∏

Sen\panSbn¬ Hcp hyXykvXX hbv°p∂Xn\p

X°Xmb ImcWßfpap≠v. atlm]ZhØn\p ap≥]v

DZv]m]Ww \S°psa∂Xn\p i‡amb sXfnhpI

fp≠v. hnizmknIƒ XΩnep≈ Iq´mbvabpambn

XmcXayw sNøptºmƒ CXv Hcp c≠mw InS

ImcyamWv. ]q¿∆hmZØn\v D∂Xamb sXfnhp≠v.

F√m thZ]pkvXI hkvXpXIsfbpw XΩn¬ Ah

s]mcpØs∏SpØpIbpw sNøp∂p. hnjbsØ°p

dn®p kp\n›nXamb ho£Wap≈ qcn]£w t]cpw

atlm]Zh]q¿∆hmZnIfpsStbm tijhmZnIfpsS

tbm Iq´Øn¬ sN∂p tNcp∂p. Ipd®pt]¿ a≤y

hmZtØmtSm `mKnIhmZtØmtSm ]‰n \n¬°p∂p.

VI. atlm]Zha≤y D¬]m]Wkn≤m¥w

atlm]ZhØns‚ a≤yØn¬ hcp∂ kabØv Hcp

hyXykvXXbps≠∂p hN\w hy‡am°p∂p. F√m

kab kqNnIIfpw atlm]ZhImeØns‚

Ahkm\sØ H∂c h¿jamWp ]cma¿in°p∂Xv

""atlm]ZhImew Ggph¿jamsW∂p ]e ssZh

imkvX⁄cpw ho£n°p∂Xv. hy‡amb GI

Hgnhp Zm\n. 9:27 BWv, atlm]ZhImew

]∏mXnbmbn hn`Pn°s∏´ncn°p∂psh∂v Cu

hmIyhpw ImWn°p∂p.

atlm]ZhØns‚ BZysØ aq∂ch¿jØn\p

tijamWv k` FSp°s∏Sp∂XmsW∂mWp

atlm]Zha≤yhmZw. atlm]Zh]q¿∆hmZw

Ign™m¬ IqSpX¬ kzoImcyamb \ne]mSmWnXv.

""a≤yhmZw ]q¿∆hmZØns‚ Hcp cq]w t]msebm

sW∂p Nmƒkv sdbdn FgpXnbn´p≠v'' 8


429

F√m thdn´ kw`hßfpw Ahkm\sØ ]IpXnbn¬

Hcmƒ h®m¬, atlm]Zhw XpSßn°gn™psh∂v

Bsc¶nepw Kln°p∂Xn\pap≥]pXs∂ k`

aq∂ch¿jw AXnPohn®pt]mIpw. temINcn

XØn¬ bp≤ßƒ, bp≤ipXnIƒ, £maßƒ,

`qIºßƒ, ]I¿®hym[nIƒ, F∂nh \nd™ncn°p

IbmWv. Cßs\ Hcp `uanI ho£WtImWn¬

\n∂v Hcp atlm]Zha≤y DZ v ]m]WØn\v

Bk∂amb Hcp DZ v ]m]Wsa∂ Bibw

d±mt°≠Xn√. AØcw kabßfn¬ InkvXym

\nIƒ Bk∂amb Hcp DZv]m]Ww ]Xo£n°Ww.

ImcWw, Ft∏mgmWp atlm]Zhw Bcw`n®sX∂v

Ah¿°v Dd∏p≠mbncn°bn√. AXp temINcn

XØnse G‰hpw IepjnXamb Imeambncn°p

sat∂ Ah¿°dnbq. F∂ncp∂mepw, Ahkm\sØ

aq∂ch¿jsØ kw_‘n®p hfsc \nkvXpeyhpw

sX‰n°qSmØXpamWv. AXmbXv AhbpsS

\ndthd¬ Bk∂ambXns‚ [mcW \in∏n°pw

(DZm. ]p\¿\n¿ΩnXamb ssZhmebØn¬ Bcm[\

thWsa∂p temItkz—m[n]Xn Bhiys∏Spw.

]IrXymXoXamb \mitØmSpIqSnb djybpsS

bnkmtb¬ BIaWw, arKØns‚ ASbmfw

apXembh). CØcw ImcyßfpsS \ndthd¬,

atlm]Zhw t]msebp≈ kabImebfhns‚

Xncn®dnbn¬ IqSmsX Akm≤yambncn°pw.

DZv]m]WØns‚ Bk∂Xsb \in∏n°msX

AØcw ImcyßfneqsS k` IS∂pt]mIp∂Xv

Akm≤yambncn°pw. Cßs\, Ahkm\sØ aq∂c

h¿jØneqsS k`bv°p IS∂pt]mIm≥ Ignbn√.

(Imehpw Imeßfpw Imemwihpw= 42 amkw/ 1260

Znhksa∂p ]et∏mgpw hnhcn®n´p≠v).

Cßs\, atlm]Zhtij DZv]m]Ww Bk∂amb

Xns‚ D]tZisØ \in∏n°ptºmƒ atlm]Zha≤y

DZv]m]WhmZw Aßs\ sNøn√. F√m `oIcXI

fpw atlm]ZhØn¬ h®m¬ (Ahkm\ ]IpXnbn

¬), atlm]Zha≤yhmZØn\p km≤yXbp≠v. Hcp

ap≥\nc atlm]Zh]q¿∆hmZ]WvUnX\mb tPm¨

F v. hm¬hqUv, shfn. 6˛18 A≤ymbßfnse F√m

hnhcßfpw Ahkm\]IpXnbnemsW∂p ka¿

∞n°p∂p≠v. 9

Bk∂ambXp ]cnc£n°p∂Xn\v, Hcp a≤yhmZn

atlm]ZhsØ°pdn®p≈ F√m AXpeyamb

ap∂dnbn∏pIfpw Ahkm\sØ ]IpXnbnemWp

kw`hn°p∂sX∂p ImWpIbpw kΩXn°pIbpw

thWw (shfn. 6:8, temIØns‚ 1/4 \in°p∂p, shfn.

8:7, 1/3 `qan IØnt∏mIp∂p10 ]ns∂ a\pjyho£W

tImWn¬ Bk∂ambXp ]cnc£n°s∏Sp∂p.

""ImeØp kq£n°pw'' F∂ `mKw (shfn. 3:10)

F∂Xnse ImesØ atlm]ZhImesa∂v Hcmƒ

hymJym\n®m¬ (Ahkm\sØ aq∂c h¿jw) a≤y

DZv]m]Ww km≤yamWv. am\pjnI ho£Ww

]cnKWn®nStØmfw, a≤yhmZØns‚ kmcmwiw

]q¿∆hmZØns‚ Hcp cq]ambn ]cnKWn°mw.

VII. `mKntImXv]m]WhmZw

CXv Bflob InkvXym\nIsf Bflobc√mØ

InkvXym\nIfn¬ \n∂p th¿Xncn°p∂p. CXns‚

h‡m°ƒ ]dbp∂Xv, Bflobcmbh¿ atlm]Zh

Øn\p ap≥]v FSp°s∏Spsa∂mWv. F∂m¬

A\mflob¿ atlm]Zhw kln°Ww. CsXmcp Xcw

kphntijhnlnX ip≤oIcW ÿeamWv.

A. `mKntImZv]m]Whpw shfn. 3:10 Dw

klnjvWpXsb°pdn®p≈ Fs‚ hN\w \o

ImØpsIm≠Xn\m¬ `qanbn¬ hkn°p

∂hsc ]co£nt°≠Xn\p `qXeØn¬

Fßpw hcphm\pff ]co£mImeØp Rm\pw

\ns∂ Im°pw (shfn. 3:10).

9 John F. Walvoord, The Revelation of JesusChrist(Chicago: Moody Press, 1966), p. 123; see also JohnWalvoord “Revelation” in The Bible KnowledgeCommentary (Wheaton, I1: Victor books, 1983), p. 947.


10 Nne a≤yhmZnIƒ DZv]m]WsØ shfn. 11˛¬ÿm]n°p∂p. shfn. 11 hmbn°p∂ `qcn]£Øn\pwAhnsS DZv]m]Ww kw`hn°p∂Xns\°pdn®p≈ Nn¥D≠mIp∂n√. D]cnπhamb Nne kam\XIfmWp≈Xv,shfn∏mSv 11 se kw`hßfpambn DZv]m]WsØ Xpe\wsNøm\p≈ ASnÿm\sam∂pan√.

1 sImcn. 15: 52- se ""AXyImlf\mZw'' DZv]m]Whpambn_‘s∏´XmWv. Cu k`mbpK Øns‚ A¥yImlf\mZamsW∂pw, apgph≥ \nXyXbpsSbpw A¥yImlf\mas√∂pw tijhmZnIƒ ]kvXmhn°p∂p. shfn. 11:15 se Imlf\mZw ZqX≥ DuXp∂ Ahkm\sØImlf\mZamWv. F∂m¬ ""A¥y''sa∂Xp ""XnI®pA¥y\mgnI''bmsW∂p \n¿_‘w ]nSn®m¬,thZ]pkvXIØnse A¥yImlfw apgßp∂Xpatlm]ZhØns‚ HSphnemWv (aØmbn. 24:31 ImWpI),AXns‚ a≤yØne√. DZv]m]WØns‚bpw shfn∏mSv 11s‚bpw D]tZiØns‚ as‰mcp hyXymkw]p\cp∞m\Øns‚bpw Imlf\mZØns‚bpw Iawkw_‘n®p≈XmWv. shfn. 11˛¬ acn®h¿ Dbn¿Øn´p]n∂oSmWp Ggmw Imlfw DuXp∂Xv. DZv]m]WØn¬Imlf\mZØn\p ]n∂mse Hcp ]p\cp∞m\ap≠v(1 sImcn. 15:51; 1 sX . 4:13). c≠p km£nIƒ Dbn¿°p∂]tXyIkµ¿`w shfn. 11˛¬ amXamWv (hm. 3, 7, 11).AhcpsS Dbn¿∏p ]tXyIambXmWv. AXns\ k`bpsSapgph≥ Dbn¿∏pambn Xpe\w sNøm\mhn√.

430

shfn∏mSv 3:10 hmKvZØw sNøp∂Xv alm]oU\Øn

\p apºp Hcp \nebnep≈ \o°w sNøemWv. CXp

atlm]ZhtijhmZØns\Xncmbp≈ Hcp apJy

hmZamWv. F∂mepw, CXv H‰bv°p ]Tn°ptºmƒ,

CXp(3:10) atlm]Zha≤yhmZsØtbm ]q¿∆hmZ

sØtbm ]n≥ XpWbv°p∂p. atlm]ZhØn\p

ap≥]mWv DZv]m]Wsa∂v CXp hy‡ambn ]Tn∏n

°p∂p. F∂m¬ AXp apgph≥ k`bv°pambn´mtWm

AtXm `mKnI k`bv°mbn´mtWm F∂XmWv,

ASpØ ]iv\w ""klnjvWpXsb°pdn®p≈ Fs‚

hN\w \o ImØXn\m¬'' F∂ ]tbmKw,

Bflobcmb InkvXym\nIƒ°p amXamWp

atlm]ZhØn\p ap≥]p≈ DZv]m]Wsa∂p

a≤yhmZnIƒ IcpXp∂p. shfn. 3:10 amXambncp∂p

ss__nfnse hmIysa¶n¬ Cu hymJym\w

icnbmIpambncp∂p. F∂mepw a‰p thZ]pkvXI

hkvXpXIƒ Nqń°m´p∂Xv, atlm]Zh]q¿∆

DZv]m]Ww apgpk`sbbpw Dƒs∏SpØp∂Xm

sW∂mWv. ""klnjvWpXsb°pdn®p≈ Fs‚

hN\w \o ImØp'' F∂ ]tbmKw temIØns‚

FXn¿∏pw D]Zhap≠mbn´pw InkvXphn¬ hnizkn®

F√mh¿°pambn´p≈XmWv.

shfn. 3:10 atlm]Zh]q¿∆ DZv]m]WamWp

]Tn∏n°p∂Xv. H‰bv°p t\m°nbm¬ AXp

]q¿∆hmZtØmtSm `mKnIhmZtØmtSm tbmPn°p

∂XmWv. Xmsg∏dbp∂ mKw ImWn°p∂Xpt]mse

AXp k`bpsS apgph≥ DZv]m]WsØ kqNn∏n°p

∂XmWv. AXmWp icn.

B. DZv]m]WsØ Dƒs°m≈p∂ ]kvXmh\Iƒ

Hcp amXrImatlm]Zh]q¿∆hmZn mKntImZv]m]W

sØ AwKoIcn°pIbn√. ImcWw, DZv]m]Ww

F√mhscbpw Dƒs°m≈p∂ Hcp kw`hamsW∂p

hN\w hy‡am°p∂p. 1 sImcn. 15:51˛52 ¬

""\msa√mhcpw'' (DZv]m]WØn¬) cq]m¥cs∏Sp''

sa∂p ]Tn∏n°p∂p. 1 sX . 4:13 hnip≤∑m

scsb√mw DZv]m]WØn¬ Dƒs°m≈n°p∂p≠v.

""tbip acn®n v Dbn¿sØgpt∂‰p F∂p hnizkn°p

∂psh¶n¬ amXw'' (hm. 14). \nZsIm≈p∂h¿ (hm.

14), Poht\mSncn°p∂h¿ (hm. 14, 17) F∂nßs\bm

Wv Chsc Xcw Xncn®ncn°p∂Xv. F¶nepw Poht\m

Sncn°p∂hsc Bflobsc∂pw A\mfloIsc∂pw

ho≠pw ]utemkv Xncn°p∂n√. DZv]m]WØn¶¬,

Pohn®ncn°p∂hsc√mw I¿Ømhnt\mSp IqsSbncn

°m≥ t]mIpw.

thZp]pkvXIØns‚ Ahkm\tØmSSpØv, InkvXp

thKw aSßnhcpsa∂pw, F√m hnizmknIƒ°pw

]Xnêw \¬tI≠Xn\p \ymbhn[n \SØpsa∂pw

hmKvZØw sNøp∂p (shfn. 22:12).

""CXm Rm≥ thKw hcp∂p; HmtcmcpØ\v

Ah\hs‚ ]hrØn°p X°hÆw sImSp

°m≥ ]Xnêw Fs‚ ]°¬ D≠v'' (shfn.

22:12).

DZv]m]WsØØpS¿∂p InkvXphns‚ \ymbmk\

amWp≈Xv, AXv Hmtcm hnizmknsbbpw Dƒs∏Sp

Øp∂p (1 sImcn. 3:13; 2 sImcn. 5:10). mKntImZv]m]

WhmZw InkvXphns‚ \ymbmk\ sØ∏‰nbp≈

D]tZiØn\p KpcpXcamb ]iv\ßƒ Dfhm°p∂p.

Hcp `mKntImZv]m]W ap≠mbm¬, ]ns∂ At\Iw

(an°hcp?) k`mhnip≤∑m¿ DZv]m]WØn\ptij

ap≈ InkvXphns‚ \ymbmk\Øn¶¬ hcpIbn√.

`mKntImZv]m]Who£WØns‚ KpcpXcamb

]iv\ßƒ°p sXfnhp≠v.

C. 1 sX . 5:9˛10 s‚ hmKvZØw

]q¿∆hmZhpambn 1 sX . 5˛te°v Hcmƒ h∂m¬

(Hcp `mKntImZv]m]WhmZnsbt∏mse) 1 sX . 5:

9˛10 Hcp `mKntImZv]m]WsØ t\cn´p JWvUn

°p∂ Hcp hmKvZØambnØocpIbmWv.

I≈≥ cmXnbn¬ hcptºmse I¿Ømhns‚

\mƒ hcp∂p F∂p \nßƒ Xs∂ \∂mbn

Adnbp∂p ht√m. Ah¿ kam[m\sa∂pw

\n¿`bsa∂pw ]dbp tºmƒ K¿`nWn°p

]khthZ\ hcptºmse Ah¿°p s]s´∂p

\miw h∂p `hn°pw; Ah¿°p sX‰nsbmgn

hmXpa√. F∂m¬ ktlmZc∑mtc, B \mƒ

I≈≥ F∂t]mse \nßsf ]nSn°m≥

\nßƒ Ccpńep≈hc√... ssZhw \sΩ

tIm]Øn\√, \mw DW¿∂ncp∂mepw

Ddßnbmepw Xt∂mSpIqsS Pohnt°≠Xn\p

\ap°pth≠n acn® \ΩpsS I¿Ømhmb

tbipInkvXpaqew c£sb ]m]n°m\sX

\nban®ncn°p∂Xv (1 sX . 5:2˛4, 9˛10).

1 sX . 5:10 se Xmt°m¬ hm°v ""DdßpI'' F∂Xm

Wv. AXp ""acW\nZsb'' kqNn∏n°p∂p. Pohn®ncp

∂mepw acW\nZbnembncp∂mepw, DZv]m]WØn

¶¬ F√m InkvXym\nIfpw InkvXphnt\mSpIqsS

bmbncn°psa∂mWp ]dbp∂Xv. AØcw hymJym\

ØneqsS 1 sX . 5:10, 1 sX . 4:13, 14 t\mSp kam¥

camWv. Ddßnb(acn®)hcmbmepw DW¿∂(Pohn

®ncn°p∂)hcmbmepw InkvXym\nIsf√mw DZv]m]

WØn¬ `mK`m°mIpw.


431

F∂ncp∂mepw 1 sX . 4:13˛14 se ""Dd°''Øn\p≈

Ko°p]Zhpw 5: 10se ""Dd°''Øn\p≈ ]Zhpw H∂√.

D]cnbmbn, 1 sX . 5:10 acW\nZsb∂ A¿∞n

seSp°p∂Xp amXa√, AYhm G‰hpw \√ ]Ica√.

1 sX . 5:10 ¬ acWsa∂ A¿∞Øn¬ \nZsb∂p

aq∂pXhW ]utemkv D]tbmKn°p∂ ]Zw

Gsd°psd 17 ]mhiyw ]pXnb\nbaØnep≠v. AXp

imcocnI\nZtbm aSnbs‚tbm \njvInb s‚tbm

Dd°w Xqßse∂mW¿∞w. Fs^. 5:14 ¬ ImWp∂

AtX ]Zw Bflob BekysØ \n›b ambpw

Ipdn°p∂XmWv.

AXpsIm≠v ""Ddßp∂ht\, DW¿∂p

acn®hcpsS CSbn¬ \n∂v Fgpt∂ev°pI;

F∂m¬ InkvXp \ns‚ ta¬ ]Imin°pw''

F∂p sNm√p∂p (Fs^. 5:14).

1 sX . 5:6˛¬ ]utemkv D]tbmKn°p∂ Dd°sa∂

]Zw IqSpX¬ ]m[m\ya¿ln°p∂p.

BIbm¬ \mw tijap≈hsct∏mse

DdßmsX DW¿∂pw kpt_m[hpambncn°

(1 sX . 5:6).

1 sX . 5:6 se Dd°w acWsØb√ ]cma¿in°p

∂Xv, adn®v Bflobmekyw /\njvInbXzsØbmWv.

Bflobambn D’mlhpw DW¿∆pap≈h\p

hncp≤ambXn\p _ehØmb ImcWßfns√¶n¬,

1 sX . 5:10 \v 5:6 ¬ hy‡amb A¿∞w Xs∂

\¬IWw. hmIyw 6˛se ""DW¿∂pw'' F∂Xn

s‚b¿∞w. shdpsXbßp Pohn°pIsb∂X√, adn®v

Bflobambn kPohhpw [ocXbpap≈ Bsf∂mWv.

hm. 5 se "Dd°w' acW\nZb√, Bflobamb

\njvInbXzhpw ab°hpamWv. Cßs\, 1 sX . 5:

10 ""\mw DW¿∂ncp∂mepw Ddßnbmepw Xt∂mSp

IqsS Pohnt°≠Xn\v'' F∂p Npcp°Ww. \nXykpc

£nXXzsØbmWv Cu hmIyw ]n≥XpWbv°p∂Xv.

F∂mepw, ap≥hmIyØnset∏mse (hm. 9) ssZh

tIm[Øns‚ atlm]ZhImebfhn¬ \n∂p≈

hnSpXens\bpw ]cma¿in°p∂Xpt]msebmWv. hm.

10 se hmKvZm\w, Bflobambn kPohtam \njvIn

btam Bb F√m InkvXym\nIfpw InkvXphnt\m

sSm∏ap≈ PohnXw BkzZn°m≥ FSp°s∏Spw. 1

sX . 4, 5 A≤ymbßfnte°v atlm]Zh]q¿∆

ho£WtØmsS Hcmƒ h∂m¬ 5:10 s‚ G‰hpw \√

hymJym\w DZv]m]Ww apgpk`bv°pamsW ∂mWp

hmKvZØw, `mKnIamb DZv]m]Wa√.

D. c£ ]q¿Æambpw hnizmkØmemWv, ]hrØn

Ifme√

""c£'' sb∂ ]Zw tIƒ°ptºmƒ an° InkvXym

\nIfpw IcpXp∂Xv AXp ]m]Øns‚ ]ngbn¬

\n∂p≈ c£sb∂mWv. F¶nepw AXnsemcp

`mhnIme c£mXeap≠v. ]m]Øns‚ km∂n≤y

Øn¬ \n∂pXs∂bp≈ `mhn hnSpX¬ F∂

c£mXew hnizmknIƒ°p≈ c£bpsS ]q¿Æ

t_m[hpambn I¿Ømhp aSßnhcp∂Xns\ hN\w

tbmPn∏n°p∂p.

CXp sNtø≠Xv, Dd°Øn¬ \n∂v

DWcphm≥ \mgnI h∂ncn°p∂p F∂nßs\

\nßƒ kabsØ AdnIbm¬ Xs∂; \mw

hnizkn® kabsØ°mƒ c£ Ct∏mƒ

\ap°v A[nIw ASpØncn°p∂p. cmXn

Ignbmdmbn, ]I¬ ASpØncn°p∂p

(tdma¿ 13:11˛12).

InkvXphpw Aßs\ Xs∂ At\IcpsS

]m]ßsf Npa°m≥ Hcn°¬ A¿∏n°s∏´p;

C\n ]m]w hln°phm\√, X\n°mbn ImØp

\n¬°p∂hcpsS c£bv°mbn Ah≥ ]m]w

IqSmsX c≠maXpw ]Xy£\mIpw

(F_m. 9:28).

hnizmknIfpsS DZv]m]WtØmsSm∏ap≈ tXP

kv°cWhpw c£bpsS Hcp `mKamWv. DZv]m]W

Øn¬, ]m]Øn\p hnt[bs∏SmØ, tXPkv°cn°

s∏´ icocßƒ hnizmknIƒ°p e`n°pw.

DZv]m]Ww BXy¥nIambn ""hos≠Sp∏ns‚ Znhk''

amWv (Fs^. 1:14; 4:30; H. t\m. 8:30).

`mKntImZv]m]Who£Ww kXyambncps∂¶n¬

ITn\m≤zm\w sNøp∂ InkvXym\nIƒ°p

atlm]ZhØn\p ap≥]p ]q¿Æc£tbmsS

AhcpsS ]Xn^ew In´pw. aXnbmb \nebn¬

A≤zm\n°mØh¿°p, InkvXphns‚ aSßnhchn¬

hmKvZØw sNbvX´p≈ c£ In´pIbn√. Ah¿

c‡km£nXzw AYhm ""t]m´Ã‚ v ip≤oIcW

ÿew'' A\p`hn°Ww. `mKntImZv ]m]W

ho£Ww c£ ]hrØnIfn¬ Bibn®ncn°p∂p

sh∂ Xeapfhm°p∂p. AXpsIm≠pXs∂ AXp

sX‰msW∂p X≈n°fbWw.

E. kwKlw

atlm]ZhtijhmZhpw `mKnIhmZhpw _elo\

ho£W ßfmWv. H∂pIn¬ atlm]Zh]q¿∆hmZw,

As√¶n¬ atlm]Zha≤yhmZØns‚ Hcp cq]w

AwKoIcn°p∂XmWp \√Xv. AXn¬ atlm]Zh


432

Imebfhns‚ GsX¶nepsamcp kw`hap≠mIp

∂Xn\p ap≥]p Xs∂ k` FSp°s∏Spsa∂mWp

≈Xv. A∂p Pohn®ncn°p∂ InkvXym\nIƒ

]dbm≥ Ignbp∂Xns\ kw_‘n®nStØmfw

atlm]ZhhmZØns‚ Hcp cq]ambncn°p∂Xv

Ahkm\n∏n°p∂Xv. ho≠pw, KŸImc≥ Cu

ho£Wßsfm∂pw hnizmk\nµbmbn IW°m°p

∂n√. ImcWw, AXp hnizmksØ _m[n°p∂

ImXemb hnjbsam∂pa√. kphntijhnlnX¿°p

henb tbmPn∏p≈ hnjbamWv. ASpØXv˛

hnizmknbpsS ]p\cp∞m\w.

VIII. hnizmknbpsS ]p\cp∞m\w

]gb\nba hnizmknIfpsSbpw atlm]ZhØn¬

c‡km£nIfmb hnip≤∑mcpsSbpw ]p\cp∞m\w

atlm]ZhØns‚ HSphn¬ \S°psa¶nepw, 1 sX .

4:13 Dw 1 sImcn. 15:51 ˛ Dw ]Tn∏n°p∂Xp

k`mhnip≤∑mcpsS ]p\cp∞m\w (acn°mØhcpsS

tXPkv°cWhpw) DZv]m]WØn¬ \S°p∂p

sh∂mWv. Cßs\, A¥yImeimkvXØns‚ Hcp

kabIa]T\w, ]p\cp∞m\tØmsSm∏w DZv]m]W

sØbpw \∂mbn Xo¿ØpXcp∂p.

A. ]p\-cp-∞m-\-Øns‚ s]mXp-hmb hmKvZØ-ßƒ

hnizm-kn-I-fpsS imcncnI ]p\-cp-∞m-\-Øn\v Dd∏p

\¬Ip∂ \nc-h[n hmIy-ß-fp-≠v. B hmKvZ-Ø-ß-fn-

e-[n-Ihpw ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn-em-Wv. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønepw

aXn-bmb kqN\Ifp-≠v.

""Fs‚ Xz°v Cßs\ \in-®-tijw Rm≥

tZl-c -ln -X -\mbn ssZhsØ ImWpw''

(C-tøm_v 19:26).

\ns‚ arX-∑m¿ Pohn°pw; Fs‚ ih-ßƒ

Fgp-t∂ev°pw; s]mSn-bn¬ InS-°p-∂-h-tc,

DW¿∂p tLmjn-∏n≥; \ns‚ a™p ]`m-X-

Ønse a™p-t]mse Ccn-°p∂p; `qan t]X-

∑msc ]k-hn-°p-at√m (sb-i. 26:19).

""\ne-Ønse s]mSn-bn¬ \nZ-sIm-≈p-∂-h-cn¬

]ecpw Nne¿ \nXy -Po -h -\mbpw Nne¿

e÷bv°pw \nXy-\n-µ-bv°p-ambpw DWcpw'' (Zm-

\o. 12:2). (]p-\-cp-∞m-\-sØ-∏‰n Hcp ]g-b-\n-

ba hnip-≤-\p-≠m-bn-cp∂ [mc-W-sb-°p-dn®v

F_m. 11:9 ImWp-I).

""]p\-cp-∞m-\-Øn¬ Ah¿ hnhmlw Ign-°p-

∂n-√, hnhm-l-Øn\p sImSp-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-an√;

kz¿§-Ønse ZqX-∑m-sc-t∏m-se-bsX BIp-

∂p. acn-®-h-cpsS ]p\-cp-∞m-\-sØ-°p-dnt®m

ssZhw Acp-fn-sN-bvXn-cn-°p-∂Xp \nßƒ hmbn-

®n-´n-√tbm? Rm≥ A_-lm-an-s‚ ssZhhpw

bnkvlm-°ns‚ ssZhhpw bmt°m-_ns‚ ssZh-

hp-am-Ip∂p F∂v Ah≥ Acp-fn-s®-øp∂p;

F∂m¬ Ah≥ acn-®-h-cpsS ssZh-a-√, Poh-

\p-≈-h-cpsS ssZh-a-sX'' (a-Øm. 22:30˛32)

HØp t\m°pI a¿t°m. 12:24˛27, eqt°m.

20:35˛38).

""Bta≥, Bta≥ Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp ]d-bp∂p;

acn-®-h¿ ssZh-]p-Xs‚ i_vZw tIƒ°p-Ibpw

tIƒ°p-∂-h¿ Pohn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ \mgnI

hcp-∂p, Ct∏mƒ h∂p-an-cn-°p-∂p. ]nXmhn\p

X∂n¬Xs∂ Poh-\p-≈-Xp-t]mse ]pX\pw

X∂n¬Øs∂ Poh-\p-≈-h≥ BIp-amdp

]nXmhp hcw \evIn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ah≥ a\p-

jy-]p-X≥ BI-bm¬ \ymb-hn[n \S-Øp-hm≥

Ah\v A[n-Im-chpw \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. CXn-

¶¬ B›-b-cy-s∏-S-cpXv; I√-d-I-fn-ep-≈-h¿

F√m-hcpw Ahs‚ i_vZw tI´p, \∑

sNbvX-h¿ Poh-\mbpw Xn∑ sNbvX-h¿ \ymb-

hn-[n-°mbpw ]p\-cp-∞m\w sNøm-\p≈ \mgnI

hcp∂p'' (tbm-l. 5:25˛29).

""]pXs\ t\m°n-s°m≠v Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn-

°p∂ Gh\pw \nXy-Po-h≥ D≠m-IWsa-∂m-

Ip∂p Fs‚ ]nXm-hns‚ CjvSw; Rm≥

Ahs\ HSp-°sØ \mfn¬ Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-

ev∏n°pw'' (tbm-l. 6:40).

tbip Ah-tfmSv: ""Rm≥ Xs∂ ]p\-cp-∞m-

\hpw Poh\pw BIp-∂p; F∂n¬ hniz-kn-°p-

∂-h≥ acn-®mepw Pohn-°pw. Pohn-®n-cp∂v

F∂n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h≥ Bcpw Hcp-\mfpw

acn-°-bn-√. CXp \o hniz-kn-°p-∂pthm F∂p

]d™p'' (tbm-l. 11:25˛26).

Rm≥ Hcp a¿Ωw \nß-tfmSv ]dbmw: \mw F√m-

hcpw \nZ-sIm-≈p-I-bn√; F∂m¬ A¥y-Im-

l-\m-Z-Øn-¶¬ s]s´∂p IÆn-a-bv°p-∂-Xn-\n-

S-bn¬ \mw F√m-hcpw cq]m-¥-c-s∏Spw.

Imlfw [z\n°pw, acn-®-h¿ A£-b-cmbn

Dbn¿°p-Ibpw \mw cq]m-¥-c-s∏-Sp-Ibpw

sNøpw. Cu Zh-Xz-ap-≈Xv AZ-h-Xz-sØbpw

Cu a¿Xy-am -bXv Aa¿Xy-sØbpw [cn -

°ptºmƒ ""acWw \oßn Pbw h∂n-cn-°p∂p''

F∂p Fgp-Xnb hN\w \nhr-Øn-bm-Ipw. tl,

ac-W-ta, \ns‚ Pbw FhnsS? tl, ac-Wta

\ns‚ hnj-ap≈v FhnsS? ac-W-Øns‚ hnj-

ap≈p ]m]w ]m]-Øns‚ i‡ntbm


433

\ymb-]am-Ww. \ΩpsS I¿Øm-hmb tbip-

InkvXp apJm-¥cw \ap°p Pbw \evInb

ssZh-Øn\p kvtXmXw. BI-bm¬ Fs‚

]nb ktlm-Z-c∑mtc \nßƒ Dd-∏p-≈-hcpw

Ipep-ßm-Ø-hcpw \nß-fpsS ]bXv\w I¿Øm-

hn¬ hy¿∞-a√ F∂-dn-™n-cn-°-bm¬ I¿Øm-

hns‚ the-bn¬ Ft∏mgpw h¿≤n-®p-h-cp-∂-

hcpw BIp-hn≥ (1 sImcn. 15:51˛58).

Ah≥ kI-ehpw X\n°p Iogvs]Sp-Øm≥ Ign-

bp∂ Xs‚ hym]m-c-i-‡n-sIm≠v \ΩpsS

XmgvN-bp≈ ico-csØ Xs‚ al-Xz-ap≈

ico-c-tØmSv A\p-cq-]-ambn cq]m-¥-c-s∏-

SpØpw (^n-en. 3:21).


≈-h-sc-t∏mse ZpJn-°m-Xn-cn-t°-≠-Xn\v \nZ-

sIm-≈p-∂-h-sc-°p-dn®v Adn-hn-√m-Xn-cn-°-cpXv



F∂p \mw hniz-kn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Aß-s\-

Xs∂ ssZhw \nZ-sIm-≠-h-scbpw tbip apJm-

¥cw Ah-t\m-Sp-IqsS hcp-Øpw. I¿Øm-hns‚

]Xy-£-X-hsc Poh-t\msS tijn-°p-∂-h-cmb

\mw \nZ-sIm-≠-h¿°p apºm-I-bn√ F∂p

Rßƒ I¿Øm-hns‚ hN-\-Øm¬ \nß-tfmSp

]d-bp-∂p. I¿Ømhp Xm≥ Kw`o-c-\m-Z-tØmSpw

][m-\-Zq-Xs‚ i_vZ-tØmSpw ssZh-Øns‚

Iml-f-tØm-Spw-IqsS kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂v Cd-ßn-

h-cn-Ibpw InkvXp-hn¬ acn-®-h¿ apsº

Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev°p-Ibpw sNøpw. ]ns∂

Poh-t\msS tijn-°p∂ \mw Ah-t\m-sSm-cp-

an®v BIm-i-Øn¬ I¿Øm-hns\ FXn-tc-

ev°m≥ taL-ß-fn¬ FSp-°-s∏Spw; Cßs\

\mw Ft∏mgpw I¿Øm-hn-t\mSp IqsS Ccn-°pw.

Cu hN-\-ß-sf-s°m≠v At\ym\yw Biz-kn-

®p-sImƒhn≥. (1 sX . 4:13˛18).


BIp∂p; \mw C∂-Xm-Ip-sa∂p CXp-hsc


\mw Ah-\n¬ Xm≥ Ccn-°pw-t]mse Xs∂

ImWp-∂-Xm-I-sIm≠v Ah-t\mSp kZr-i-∑m¿


H∂m-asØ ]p\-cp-∞m-\-Øn¬ ]¶p-≈-h≥

`mKy-hm\pw hnip-≤-\p-am-Ip-∂p; Ah-cp-sS-ta¬

c≠mw ac-W-Øn\v A[n-Im-c-an√; Ah¿ ssZh-

Øn\pw InkvXp-hn\pw ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-cmbn

InkvXp-hn-t\m-Sp-IqsS Bbn-c-am≠p hmgpw

(sh-fn. 20:6).

B. ]p\-cp-∞m\ico-c-Øns‚ ]IrXw

CXn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ Hcp ]T-\-Øn\v Ipd-™Xp aq∂p

kao-]-\-ß-fp-≠v. hnizm-kn-I-fpsS ]p\-cp-∞m-\-i-co-

c-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ sXfn-hn\p InkvXp-hns‚ ]p\-cp-

∞m\ico-c-sØ-°p-dn®p ]Tn-®m¬ aXn. Xo¿®-bm-bpw,

[mcmfw thZ- m-K-ßƒ al-Xzo-I-cn-°-s∏´ ÿnXn-sb-

°p-dn-®p t\cn´p ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. Ah-km-\-am-bn,

kz¿§-Øns‚ hnh-c-W-ß-fn¬ \n∂p ]p\-cp-∞m-\-i-

co-c-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ ]e kXy-ßfpw tiJ-cn-°mw.

1. InkvXp-hn-s\-t∏m-se-bp-≈-XmWv ]p\cp-∞m\

icocw.

Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂‰ InkvXp-hns‚ ico-cw-t]m-se-bp≈

ico-c-amWp hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p e`n-°m≥ t]mIp-∂-

sX∂v thZ-]p-kvXIw hmKvZØw sNøp-∂p. AXp-sIm-

≠v, Ahs‚ Ncn-X-]-c-amb Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev]n¬

\n∂p≈ hkvXp-X-I-fn¬ \n∂v \ΩpsS ]p\p-cp-∞m-

\-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ kXy-ßƒ FSp-°p-∂Xp \√-Xm-Wv.

H∂mw a\p-jy≥ `qan-bn¬ \n∂v aÆpsIm-≠p-

≈-h≥; c≠mw a\p-jy≥ kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂p-

≈-h≥.... \mw aÆp-sIm-≠p-≈-hs‚ ]Xna [cn-

®-Xp-t]mse kz¿§o-bs‚ ]Xn-abpw [cn-°pw.

(1 sImcn. 15:47, 49).

Ah≥ kI-ehpw X\n°p Iogvs∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥

Ign-bp∂ Xs‚ hym]m-c-i-‡n-sIm≠v \ΩpsS

XmgvN-bp≈ ico-csØ Xs‚ al-Xz-ap≈ ico-

c-tØmSv A\p-cq-]-ambn cq]m-¥-c-s∏-Sp-Øpw

(^n-en. 3:21).


BIp∂p; \mw C∂-Xm-Ip-sa∂p CXp-hsc


\mw Ah-\n¬ Xm≥ Ccn-°pw-t]mse Xs∂

ImWp-∂-Xm-I-sIm≠v Ah-t\mSp kZr-i-∑m¿


a. `£n°phm\p≈ Ignhv

I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ ]p\-cp-∞m-\-Øn-\p-

tijw Ah≥ c≠p-X-h-W-sb-¶nepw `£Ww Ign®

kµ¿`-ß-fp-≠v. tXP-kv°-cn-°-s∏´ Ah-ÿ-bn¬

imcoc-£o-Wtam hnit∏m \nan-Ø-a√ hnizm-kn-Iƒ

`£n-°p-∂Xv (A-hnsS £oW-an-√-t√m˛ 1 sImcn. 15:

43 ImWp-I), adn®v Bkzm-Z-\-Øn-\m-Wv.

Ah¿ kt¥m-j-Øm¬ hniz-kn-°msX AXn-

i-bn®p \nev°p-tºmƒ Ah-tcmSv: Xn∂p-hm≥

h√Xpw ChnsS -\n-ß-fpsS ]°¬ Dt≠m

F∂p tNmZn-®p. Ah¿ Hcp JWvUw hdp-Ø


434

ao\pw tX≥I- bpw Ah\p sImSp-Øp.- AXv

Ah≥ hmßn Ah¿ Im¨sI Xn∂p (eq-t°m.

24:41˛43).

Icbv°v Cd-ßn-b-t∏mƒ Ah¿ Xo°-\epw

AXn-t∑¬ ao≥ h®n-cn-°p-∂Xpw A∏hpw

I≠p.... tbip Ah-tcmSp: h∂p ]mX¬ Ign-

®p-sIm-≈p-hn≥ F∂p ]d™p; I¿Øm-hm-

Ip∂p F∂-dn-™-Xn-\m¬ injy-∑m-cn¬ Hcp-

Ø\pw: \o Bsc∂p Aht\mSp tNmZn-°m≥

Xp\n-™n-√. tbip h∂p A∏w FSpØp

Ah¿°p sImSpØp; ao\pw Aßs\ Xs∂

(tbm-l. 21:9; 12˛13).

InkvXp-hns‚ ZrjvSm¥w IqSmsX tXP-kv°-cn-°-

s∏´ ico-c-Øn¬ `£Ww Ign-°p-∂-Xns\ Dd-∏n-

°p∂ ]e hmIy-ßfpw D≠v (cm-Py-Ønse ]m\-

]mXw IpSn-°p-∂-Xv, eqt°m. 22:16, 18; Ip™m-Sns‚

Ieym-W-kZy , shfn. 19: 9; Poh-P-e-\-Znbpw ]¥≠p

Xcw êw Imbv°p∂ Poh-hr-£-hpw, shfn. 2:7; 22:

2, 17) ]p\-cp-∞m\ ico-c-Øn\v Blmcw th≠n-h-cn-

√. F∂m¬ AXn\v AXv Bkz-Zn-°m-\m-hpw.

b. Aÿnbpw amwkhpap≈ icocw

]p\p-cp-∞m\icocw Bfl-i-co-c-am-Wv. (1 sImcn. 15:44)

F∂m¬ CsXmcp t]X-am-sW∂ Bi-b-a-√. ]m]-ap-

‡amb Hcp ]cn-ÿn-Xn°v A\p-tbm-Py-amb Bfl-

i-co-c-sa-∂m∂v AXv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. ]cn-ip-≤-\mb

ssZh-Øns‚ k∂n-[n-bn¬ hkn-°p-hm≥ sIm≈m-

hp∂ Hcp ico-cw. 11 InkvXp-hn\p Xs∂ Aÿnbpw

amwk-hp-ap≈ Hcp ]p\-cp-∞m\ico-c-amWv D≠m-bn-

cp-∂-Xv. tXma-kns\ ssII-fn-sebpw ]m¿iz-Øn-

sebpw ]mSp-Iƒ ImWn-°m≥ Ah\p Ign-™p, Ah-

t\mSp ]‰n-t®-cm≥ t]mb, BImw-£- -cn-X-cmb A\p-

bm-bn-Isf XS-bm≥ Ah\nS-bm-bn. tXP-kv°-cn-°-

s∏´ Ahÿ ico-c-an-√m-Ø-X√, adn-®v ico-c-Øns‚

]q¿Æ-X-bm-Wv.

tbip Ah-tfmSv: ""Fs∂ sXmS-cp-Xv, Rm≥

CXp-hsc ]nXm-hns‚ ASp-°¬ Ib-dn-t∏m-bn-

√'' F∂p ]d™p (tbm-l. 20:17).

]ns∂ tXma-kn-t\mSv: \ns‚ hnc¬ Ctßm´p

\oń, Fs‚ ssIIsf ImWpI; \ns‚ ssI

\oń Fs‚ hnem-∏p-dØv CSpI; Ahn-izm-kn-

bm-ImsX hnizm-kn-bm-bn-cn° F∂p ]d™p

(tbml. 20:27).

c. XS- -ß-fn-√m-sX-bp≈ ZpX-K-a\w

]p\-cp-∞m-\-ti-j-ap≈ ipiq-j-bn¬ I¿Ømhp

injy-∑msc Imcy-ambn H∂v Aº-cn-∏n®p; Ah≥ Npa-

cn-\p-≈n-eqsS \S∂p (tbm-l. 20:19, 26; eqt°m. 29:

36). FΩ-hqkv hgn-bn¬ h®v Ah≥ ad-™p-t]mbn

(eq-t°m. 24:31). `qKp-cp-Xzm-I¿j-WsØ Ah≥

kz¿§m-tcm-l-W-Øn¬ ]cm-P-b-s∏-SpØn (A-t∏m.

]hr. 1:9).

Cu Ign-hp-Iƒ Ahs‚ ssZh-Xz-Øn-\mWv tbmPn-°p-

∂-Xv, a\p-jy-Xz-Øn-\-√. uXn-I-amb XS- -ß-sfm-∂p-

an-√msX Nn¥m-th-K-Øn¬, tXP-kv°-cn-°-s∏´ hnizm-

kn-Iƒ°v k©-cn-°m-sa∂p bmYm-ÿn-Xn-I-cmb ]e

]WvUn-X-∑mcpw hniz-kn-°p-∂p.

Hcp Znhkw hnizm-kn-Iƒ ZqX-∑m-sc-°mƒ D∂-X-cm-

Ip-sa∂p F_m-b¿ 2 hy‡-am-°p-∂p. im]w amdn-b-

Xpw, InkvXp Xs∂ \ΩpsS D]-tZ-jvSm-hm-bXpw

\ymbo-I-cn-°p-∂Xv bYm¿∞ am\-kn-I-, imcocn-I

tijn-Iƒ kz¿§-Øn¬ e-h-Øm-Ip-sa-∂m-Wv. Nne¿

]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse hnizm-kn-Iƒ ""tZh-∑m¿'' BIp-

I-bn-√, adn®v \ap°v Ct∏mƒ k¶-ev]n-°m≥ Ign-bm-

Ø-Xm-bn-cn°pw tXP-kv°-cn-°-s∏´ ÿnXnsb∂p

thZ-]p-kvXIw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p.

2. ]p\-cp-∞m-\-sØ-°p-dn®p t\cn´p≈ ]Tn-∏n-°¬

a. am‰-ap-s≠-¶nepw XpS¿®m-b-bXv

]p\-cp-∞m\ ico-c-ßƒ hyXy-kvX-am-bn-cn-°p-sa-¶nepw

\ΩpsS Ct∏m-gsØ ico-c-ß-tfmSv kmay-ß-fp-≠m-bn-

cn-°pw. ]p\-cp-∞m-\-sØ-°p-dn®v Bh¿Øn-®p≈

ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fn¬ hnØn-s\-°p-dn-®p-≈Xv C°m-cy-ßƒ

hy‡-am-°p-∂p.

]t£ Hcp-h≥: acn-®h¿ Fßs\ Dbn¿°p∂p-

sh∂pw GXp-hn[w ico-c-tØmsS hcp∂p

F∂pw tNmZn-°pw. aqVm, \o hnX-bv°p-∂Xp

NØn√ F¶n¬ Pohn-°p-∂n-√. \o hnX-bv°p-

∂tXm D≠m-Ip-hm-\p≈ ico-c-a√ tKmX-ºn-

s‚tbm a‰p-h-√-Xn-s‚tbm shdpw aWn-btX

hnX-bv°p-∂-Xv. ssZhtam Xs‚ CjvSw t]mse

AXn\v Hcp ico-chpw Hmtcm hnØn\v AXXn

s‚ ico-chpw sImSp-°p∂p (1 sImcn. 15:35˛38).

tbip Ah-tcmSp DØcw ]d-™Xv: a\p-jy-]p-

X≥ tXP-kv°-cn-°-s∏-Sp-hm-\p≈ \mgnI h∂n-

cn-°p-∂p. Bta≥, Bta≥ Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp

]d-bp∂p: tImXºpaWn \ne-Øp- hoWp

11 eqt°m. 24:39 ¬, ""Aÿnbpw amwkhpw'' D≈-XmbnI¿Ømhp Xs∂ ]d-bp-∂Xp it≤-b-amWv. 1 sImcn. 15:50 ]d-bp-∂Xv ""amwkc‡-ßƒ°v ssZh-cmPyw Ah-Im-i-am-°p-hm≥ Ign-bn-√t√m'' F∂m-Wv. ]p\-cp-∞m\w c‡cln-X-am-bn-cn-°ptam?


435

NmIp∂n-√- F-¶n¬ AXp X\ntb Ccn°pw;

NØp F¶ntem hfsc hnf -hp -≠mIpw

(tbm-l. 12: 23˛24).

1 sImcn. 15:36˛¬ hnizm-kn-I-fpsS ]p\p-cp-∞m-\sØ

\ntj-[n-°p-∂-h-tcmSp hfsc°pd®p kln-jvWp-Xtb

]utemkv ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂p-≈q. "aqVm' F∂v Ahsc

hnfn-®p-sIm≠v hnØns‚ kz`mhw t\m°p-hm≥ Bh-

iy-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv. hnØns‚ ]h¿Ø\w Fß-s\-

sb∂v B¿°pw ]q¿Æ-ambn Adn-hn-√. ]t£ F√m-

h¿°pw B ]hrØn Adn-bmw. CuPn-]vXnse I√-d-

I-fn¬ Bbn-c-°-W-°n\p h¿j-ß-fmbn NØn-cp∂

hnØp-Iƒ°p ]pXp-Po-h≥ s]mń-ap-f-bv°m-\m-hpw.

]p\-cp-∞m\w hni-Zo-I-cn-°m≥ Ign-bm-ØXv AXns‚

hkvXp-Xsb C√m-Xm-°p-∂-tX-bn-√. hnØv Agn-

bp∂Xpw hf-cp-∂-Xp-amb hkvXpX hni-Zo-I-cn-°m≥

Ign-bm-Ø-Xn-s\-°mƒ hep-X-√. kw -hn-°p∂ hy‡-

amb kXysØ CXv d±m-°p-∂-Xp-an-√. Hcmƒ Hcp

B∏nƒ \´m¬, AXv B∏n-fn-t\mSv kmay-ap≈ Ft¥m

Bbn-cn°pw AXns‚ êw. ]t£ AXn\p thcp-

Ifpw imJ-Ifpw Ce-I-fp-ap-≠v. \mS-Io-b-amb am‰hpw

`qX-Im-e-Øns‚ XpS¿®-bp-amWp hnØns‚ ac-W-

Øns‚ êw. hnX® Hcp hnØv thcpw X≠pw Ce-

Ifpw Danbpw A[n-I-amb [m\yaWn-Ifpw ]pd-Øp-

hn-Sp-∂p. `qX-Im-ehpambn \mS-Io-bhpw XpS¿am-\-hp-

amb am‰w Ahn-sS-bp-≠v.

kzm`m-hnIhnØns‚ ]In-b-sb-t∏m-se-X-s∂, hnizm-

kn-I-fpsS ]p\-cp∞m\ico-c-ßƒ°v Ct∏m-gsØ ico-

c-ß-tfmSp kmayap-≠v. kmay-ap-≈h, ]t£ A`n-∂-

am-bh˛ InkvXp-hns‚ ]p\p-cp-∞m\icocw t\m°pI.

AXn\p ]g-b-Xn-t\mSp kmay-ap-≠v. F∂mepw hyXym-

k-ap-≠v. Ahs\ I≠-h-s\√mw Ahs\ a\p-jy-\mbn

Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂p. tXP-kv°-cn-°-s∏´ Ahs‚ ico-c-

Øn\p km[m-c-W- am-\p-jnIkhn-ti-j-X-Iƒ D≠m-

bn-cp-∂p. Ah≥ \S-∂p, kwkm-cn-®p, `£n-®p.

F∂mepw Ign-™-Xn-t\mSp kmay-ap-≈-t∏mƒØs∂

Ah≥ hfsc hyXy-kvX-\p-am-bn-cp-∂p. a‰p-≈-h¿

Ahs\ a\p-jy-\mbn s]s´∂p Xnc-®-dn-™-t∏mƒ

Øs∂ AtX tbip-hm-sW∂p Xncn-®-dn-bm\pw

Ah¿°p Ign-™n-√.12 CXp- h-cp-∂Xp ka-b-tØm-

sSm∏amWv. `qX-Im-e-Øns‚ Hcp henb XpS¿®-tbm-

Sp-Iq-Sn-Øs∂ DK-amb hyXym-k-ß-fp-ap-≠v.

hnØp-I-fpsS ]Ir-Xhpw InkvXp-hns‚ tXP-kv°-

cn-°-s∏´ ico-c-hpw, \ΩpsS `mhn ]p\-cp-∞m-\-i-co-c-

ßƒ°p Ct∏m-gsØ ico-c-ß-tfmSp Nne kmay-ß-

fp-s≠∂p ]Xo-£n-°m≥ Imc-W-am-Ip-∂p. F¶n-epw,

\√-Xn-\m-bn v DK-amb Nne am‰-ß-fp-ap-≠v. \ΩpsS

XXvÿnXnbn¬ \n∂p≈ imco-cnI]q¿Æ-X-bn-te-

°p≈ am‰w AØ-c-samcp henb \∂m-°-em-bn-cn°pw;

thKØnepw hy‡hpamb Hcp Xncn®dnben\p

hn]coXambn s]s´∂p Xncn-®-dn-bm-\m-hmØ Hcp

aß¬ D≠m-bn-cn°pw (eq-t°m. 24:16, 31, tbml. 20:

14˛16; 21:4, 12).

b. hy‡n-Xzhpw sshhn-≤yhpw

ssZhtam Xs‚ CjvSw-t]mse AXn\p Hcp

ico-chpw Hmtcm hnØn\v AX-Xns‚ ico-chpw

sImSp-°p-∂p. kIe amwkhpw Hcp-t]m-se-

bp≈ amwk-a√; a\p-jy-cpsS amwkw thsd ,

I∂p-Im-en-I-fpsS amwkw thsd, ]£n-I-fpsS

amwkw thsd, a’y-ß-fpsS amwkw thsd,

kz¿§obico-c-ßfpw ùaico-c-ßfpw D≠v.

kz¿§obico-c-ß-fpsS tXP p thsd, ùa-i-

co-c-ß-fpsS tXP p thsd. kqcys‚ tXP p

thsd, Nµs‚ tXP p thsd, \£-X-ß-fpsS

tXP p thsd, \£-Xhpw \£-Xhpw XΩn¬

tXP psIm≠p t`Zw D≠t√m. acn-®-h-cpsS

]p\-cp -∞m-\hpw A∆Æw Xs∂...

(1 sImcn. 15:38˛42).

`qan-bn¬ hnhn[Xc-Øn-ep≈ ico-c-ß-fp-≈-Xp-t]m-

sebpw \£-X-ßƒ XΩn¬ sshhn-≤y-ßƒ D≈-Xp-

t]m-sebpw ]p\-cp-∞m-\-i-co-c-ßƒ°p sshhn-≤yhpw

hy‡nXzhpw D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. ]I¿∏p-Iƒ(clones)kz¿§w Ah-Im-i-am-°p-I-bn-√. Htc Dev]m-Z-\-ÿ-e-

Øp-\nt∂m A®-Sn-im-e-bn¬ \nt∂m hcp-∂-h-sc-s°m-

≠√ AhnSw P\-_-lp-e-am-Ip-∂-Xv. sshhn-≤yhpw

hy‡n-Xzhpw Ahn-sS-bp-≠v. al-Xzo-I-cn-°-s∏´ Ah-

ÿ-bn¬ hwiob hyXy-kvX-Xbpw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂p

hniz-kn-°p-hm-\p≈ \ymb-amb Imc-W-ap≠v (`mKw 3

se ""hwiob sshhn≤yw.''

c. Imem-h[n-bnse ]q¿ÆX: \in-°mØicocw

Zh-Xz-Øn¬ hnX-bv°-s∏-Sp-∂p, AZ-h-Xz-

Øn¬ Dbn¿°p∂p (1 sImcn. 15:42).

]p\-cp-≤mc-Whpw ]p\-cp-∞m-\hpw XΩn¬ Imcy-amb

hyXy-kvX-X-bp-s≠∂p thtZm-]tZ-jvSm-°ƒ. Cu ]Z-

ßƒ Aev]w ]c-kv]-c-]q-c-I-ß-fm-sW-¶n-epw, ]hmN-

I-\pw At∏m-kvX-e\pw InkvXp-hp-sams° ac-W-

Øn¬ \n∂v Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev]n-®-hcpw A¥y-]p-\-

cp-∞m-\-Øn¬ Pohn-s®-gp-t∂-ev°p-∂-hcpw XΩn¬

henb hyXym-k-ap-≠v. BZysØ Iq´¿ ho≠pw acn®p.

12 I¿Ømhns‚ ImcyØn¬ Xncn®dnbp∂Xn\v, ssZhwNpaØnb Hcp A‘X ASßnbncp∂p (eqt°mkv 24:16,31, 35).


436

Ah-km\w ]d-™-h¿ Aa¿Xy-cm-Wv. a\p-jys‚

A\p- -h-ß-fpsS Hcp `mK-ambn ih-kw-kv°m-c-ßfpw

ivaim-\-ß-fp-sam∂pw C\n-sbm-cn-°epw D≠m-hn-√.

B temI-Øn\pw acn-®-h-cn¬ \n∂p≈ ]p\-

cp-∞m-\-Øn\pw tbmKy-cm-b-h¿. hnhmlw Ign-

°p-I-bn-√, hnhm-l-Øn\p sImSp-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn√;

Ah¿°v C\n acn-°m\pw Ign-bp-I-bn-√.

Ah¿ ]p\-cp-∞m-\-]p-X-∑m-cm-I-bm¬ ssZh-Zq-

X -Xp -eycpw ssZh-]p - X-∑mcpw BIp∂p

(eq-t°m. 20:35˛36).

Ahs‚ ac-W-Øns‚ kmZr-iy-tØmSp \mw

GIo- -hn-®-h-cm-sW-¶n¬ ]p\-cp-∞m-\-Øns‚

kmZr-iy-tØmSpw \mw GIo- -hn-°pw. InkvXp

acn-®n v Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-‰n-cn-°-bm¬ C\n acn-

°-bn√; ac-W-Øn\v Ah-s‚-ta¬ C\n I¿Ør-

Xz-an-√...(-tdm-a. 6:5, 9).

HSp-°sØ iXp-hm-bn v acWw \oßn-t∏mIpw;

Cu Zh-Xz-ap-≈Xv AZhXzsØbpw Cu a¿Xy-

am-bXv Aa¿XyXz-sØbpw [cn-°pw. Cu Zh-

Xz-ap-≈Xv AZ-h-Xz-sØbpw Cu a¿Xy-am-bXv

Aa¿Xy-XzsØbpw [cn-°ptºmƒ ""acWw

\oßn Pbw h∂n-cn-°p∂p'' Fs∂gp-Xnb

hN\w \nhr-Øn-bm-Ipw. tl, ac-W-ta, \ns‚

Pbw FhnsS? tl, ac-Wta, \ns‚ hnj-ap≈v

FhnsS? ac-W-Øns‚ hnj-ap≈p ]m]w ]m]-

Øns‚ i‡ntbm \ymb-]-am-Ww. \ΩpsS

I¿Øm-hmb tbip-InkvXp apJm-¥cw \ap°p

Pbw \evInb ssZh-Øn\p kvtXmXw

(1 sImcn. 15:26, 54˛57).

""Ah≥ Ah-cpsS IÆn¬ \n∂p IÆp-\o¿

F√mw XpS-®p-I-fbpw; C\n acWw D≠m-I-

bn√; ZpJhpw apd-hn-fnbpw IjvS-Xbpw C\n

D≠m-Ip-I-bn√; H∂m-a-tØXp Ign-™p-t]mbn''

(shfn. 21:4, 5).

d. ]Xy-£-X-bnse ]q¿ÆX: tXP- v°-cn-°-s∏´ Hcp

icocw

A]-am-\-Øn¬ (A-Xp) hnX-bv°-s∏-Sp-∂p, tXP-

n¬ Dbn¿°p-∂p (1 sImcn. 15:43).

""\ne-Ønse s]mSn-bn¬ \nZ-sIm-≈p-∂-h-cn¬

]ecpw Nne¿ \nXy-Po-h-\mbpw Nne¿ e÷

bv°pw \nXy-\n-µ-bv°p-ambpw DW-cpw. F∂m¬

_p≤n-am-∑m¿ BIm-i-a-WvU-e-Ønse ]`-

t]m-sebpw ]e-scbpw \oXn-bn-te°p Xncn-°p-

∂-h¿ \£-X-ß-sf-t∏msebpw F∂pw

Ft∂°pw ]Im-in°pw'' (Zm-\o. 12:2˛3).

""A∂p \oXn-am-∑m¿ Xß-fpsS ]nXm-hns‚

cmPy-Øn¬ kqcy-s\-t∏mse ]Im-in°pw

sNhn-bp-≈-h≥ tIƒ°s´'' (a-Øm. 13:43).

\mw \nev°p∂ Cu Ir]-bn-te°p \ap°v Ah-

∑qew hnizm-k-Øm¬ ]th-i-\hpw e`n-®n-cn-

°p∂p; \mw ssZh-tX-P- ns‚ ]Xym-i-bn¬

]iw-kn-°p∂p (tdm-a. 5:2).

\Ωn¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-hm-\p≈ tXP p hnNm-cn-

®m¬ Cu Ime-Ønse IjvS-ßƒ kmc-an√

F∂p Rm≥ FÆp-∂p... k¿∆-kr-jvSnbpw

C∂p-hsc Hcp-t]mse Rcßn Cu‰pt\m-thm-

Sn-cn-°p-∂p F∂p \mw Adn-bp-∂p-h-t√m. Bflm-

sh∂ BZy-Zm\w e`n-®n-cn -°p∂ \mapw

\ΩpsS ico-c-Øns‚ hos≠-Sp-∏mb ]pX-

XzØn\p ImØp-sIm≠v D≈n¬ Rc-ßp∂p

(tdm-a. 8:18, 22˛23).

\ΩpsS Poh-\mb InkvXp shfn-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ

\nßfpw Ah-t\m-Sp-IqsS tXP- n¬ shfn-

s∏Spw (sIm-sem. 3:4).

a\p-jy¿s°√mw ]Xy-£-Øn¬ Nne XI-cm-dp-I-fp≠v.

ac-W-Øn¬ Bcpw \√-h-cm-bn-°m-Wp-∂n-√. amc-I-tcm-

K-ßƒ, hm¿≤-Iyw, A]-I-S-ßƒ, bp≤-ßƒ, F∂n-

h-sb√mw acn-°p∂ ico-c-ßƒ°p am\y-amb Hcp hne

\evIp-∂n-√. F∂m-epw, Hcp hnizm-knbpw Agp-Inb

\ne-bntem tImew sI´ ÿnXn-bntem Pc-_m-[n-X-

\mtbm XpS-cp-∂n-√. Imc-Ww, tXP pw ]q¿Æ-X-bp-

ap≈ Hcp ÿnXn/ \ne-bmWp ]p\-cp-∞m\w ssIh-

cp-Øp-∂-Xv. F√m \yq\-X-I-fn¬ \n∂pw hnizm-kn-Iƒ

ap‡-cm-bn-cn°pw (kvt\-l-Øn-s‚bpw hnP-b-Øn-

s‚bpw AS-bm-f-ß-sf∂ \ne-bn¬ (Xs‚ XymK]q¿

Æambn kvt\lØns‚ apdn-∏m-Sp-I-fp≈ InkvXp

amX-am-bn-cn°pw C°m-cy-Øn¬ Hgn-hp-≈-h≥).

Nne hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p a‰p-≈-h-sc-°mƒ ssZh-tX-P-

ns‚ ]Xn- -e\w ImWpw. ]Xn- -e-ß-sf-°p-dn®p-

≈-Xn-s\m∏w C°mcyw Ih-®p-h-bv°p-∂p. ""\£-Xhpw

\£-Xhpw XΩn¬ tXP- p-sIm≠p t`Zw'' D≠-t√m

F∂pw, ""acn-®-h-cpsS ]p\-cp-∞m-\hpw Aßs\

Xs∂'' (1 sImcn. 15:41, 42) F∂pw Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂-

Xn-eqsS AXmWp ]utemkv ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. ]p\-cp-

∞m\w sNø-s∏´ ico-c-Øns‚ tXP- ns\ Zm\o. 12:

2˛3 epw \£-X-ß-tfmSv D]-an-°p-∂p. InkvXp-hn¬

hniz-kn-®-h¿s°√mw tXP-kv°-cn-°-s∏´ ]p\-cp-∞m-

\-i-cocw e`n-°pw. F¶n-epw, \£-X-ß-fpsS tXP-

n¬ hyXym-k-ap-≈-Xp-t]mse, hnizm-kn-Iƒ°pw Htc

\ne-bn-ep≈ tXP- p-≠m-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√. Aß-s\-


437

bp≈ h¿≤n® tXP p \nK-f-Øn-te°p \bn-°-bn√.

ssZh-Øn\p alXzw sImSp-°m-\mWv a\p-jys\

krjvSn-®Xv (sh-fn. 4:11). InkvXp-hns‚ alXzw ]Xn-

^-en-∏n-°m-\p≈ h¿≤-\-am-\-amb Ign-hv, kz¿§-

Ønse ]Xn- -e-ambpw ]Z-hn-bmbpw IW-°m-°pw.

C∂sØ temI-Øn¬ hne-bp-≈-h-sb-t∏mse˛]Ww,

kº-Øv, ]Zhn , ]kn≤n ˛ InkvXp-hns\ al-Xz-s∏-

Sp-Øp∂Xns\-°mƒ hne-bp-≈-Xmbn Icp-Xp-∂n-√.

kz¿§-Øn¬ InkvXp-hns\ al-Xz-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-XmWv

H∂mw ÿm\w. `qan-bn¬ G‰hpw ]kn-≤\pw [\n-

I\pw Bcm-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v A∂mcpw i≤n-°p-I-

bn-√. kz¿§-Øn¬ InkvXp-hns\ al-Xz-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv

A\m-I¿j-tam, Ipd-®ntem A√.

F√m hnizm-kn-Iƒ°pw tXP-kv°-cn-°-s∏´ icocw

In´pw. AXp XnI®pw an∂pw tim -bp-≈-Xm-bn-cn-°pw.

""Ahs‚ tXP p ]¶p hbv°p∂'' kqcy-s\-t∏mse

\mw tim`n°pw ( sImsem. 3:4). Ct∏mƒ \ap-°Xp

ImWm≥ Ign-™m¬, AXp \ap°p kln-°m-\m-tb-

°n√ (sh-fn. 1:17). F∂n-cp-∂m-epw, `qan-bn¬ InkvXp

hns\ al-Xz-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂-h¿°v,

kz¿§-Ønse tXP-kv°-cn-°-s∏´ ico-c-ß-fn¬

Ahs‚ alXzw ]Xn-^-en-∏n-°m-\p≈ ]Z-hn-bp-

≠mIpw. `qan-bn¬ InkvXp-hns\ al-Xz-s∏-Sp-Øm≥

Pohn-®-Xn¬ Ah¿ hfsc kt¥m-jn-°pw.

e. \ne-\n-ev]p≈ ]q¿ÆX: i‡n-tb-dnb Hcp icocw

""..-_-e-lo-\-X-bn¬ hnX-bv°-s∏-Sp-∂p, i‡n -

bn¬ Dbn¿°p∂p; (1 sImcn. 15:43).

_e-lo-\-X-bpsS Ko°p-]Zw imco-cnI _e-lo-\-X-

sb∂pw tcmK-sa∂pw hnh¿Ø\w sNømw (tdm-a. 8:22;

2 sImcn. 5:2). ]p\-cp-∞m\icocw CXn\p hncp-≤-amWv;

AXn\p thZ-\n-°m\pw ZpJn-°m-\p-ap≈ Ign-hn√ (sh-

fn. 21:4). C\n-sbm-cn-°epw AXn\p tijn-°p-d-hp-≠m-

Ip-I-bn√; A\m-tcm-Ky-ap-≠m-Ip-I-bn-√. hnI-emw-K\pw

hncq-]\pw Db¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev°pw; hr≤¿ bph-Xz-

Øns‚ ]k-cn-t∏m-sS-bmIpw Dbn¿°p-I. Bip-]-Xn-

Ifpw BXp-c-ip-iq-jm-tI-µ-ßfpw Btcm-Ky-]-h¿Ø-

I-cp-sam∂pw \nXy-X-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√.

f. Bflob-X-bnse ]q¿ÆX: Hcp Bflobicocw

]mIr-X-i-cocw hnX-bv°-s∏-Sp-∂p, Bflob

icocw Dbn¿°p-∂p... (1 sImcn. 15:44).

]p\-cp-∞m\icocw Bflobico-c-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v

Cu hmIyw ]Tn-∏n-°p-tºmƒ, hnizm-kn-Iƒ Ai-co-cn-

I-fmbn(t]-Xw)cn°p-sa-∂¿∞an-√. ]p\-cp-∞m-\-

Ønse Ahÿ Cß-s\-bm-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂p-≈Xv

InkvXp ]tXy-I-ambn \ntj-[n-®n- p-≠v.

Cßs\ Ah¿ kwkm-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ

Ah≥ Ah-cpsS \Sp-hn¬ \n∂p: \nßƒ°p

kam-[m\w F∂p ]d™p. Ah¿ sRń `b-

s∏Sp; Hcp qXsØ ImWp∂p F∂v Ah¿°p

tXm∂n. tbip Ah-tcmSv: \nßƒ Ie-ßp-∂-

sX¥v? \nß-fpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ kwibw

s]mßp-∂Xpw F¥v? Rm≥ Xs∂ BIp∂p

F∂v Fs‚ Iøpw Imepw t\m°n Adn-hn≥;

Fs∂ sXm´p-t\m-°p-hn≥; F∂n¬ ImWp-∂-

Xp-t]mse `qX-Øn\v amwkhpw Aÿnbpw

C√t√m F∂p ]d™p (eq-t°m. 24:36˛39).

""Bflnb icocw'' sIm≠p ]utemkv A¿∞-am-°n-

bXp ]cn-]q¿Æ Bflob-X-bn-te-s°-Ønb Hcp ico-

c-sa-∂m-Wv. AXm-b-Xv, ]m]-c-ln-X-amb ]q¿Æ-X-bn¬

Pohn-°m≥ A\p-tbm-Py-amb ico-cw. ]mIrX-i-cocw

ùanI]Ir-X-Øn\v CW-ßn-b-Xm-Wv. AhnsS

AXn\p Np‰pw ZpjvS-Xbpw AXn\p hg-ßm-\p≈ ]h-

W-Xbpw B ico-c-Øn-\p-≠v. ]p\-cp-∞m-\-i-co-c-Øn¬

hnizm-kn°v Aß-s\-sbmcp s]cp-am‰kº-Zm-b-an-√.

PUn-I-kz- m-h-Øn\p hncp-≤-amb Hcp Bflob ico-

c-am-W-Xv.

g. hnhm-lhpw a°fpw

kz¿§sØ Hcp A¥:]pc-tØmSp kmay-s∏-Sp-Øp∂

Zpcp-]-tZ-i-°q- -ßfpw IS-]-a-X-ß-fp-ap-≈t∏mƒØ-s∂,

ac-Ww-aqew XI-cp∂ Hcp ùanI _‘-amWp hnhm-

l-sa∂p ss__nƒ hy‡-am-°p∂p (DZm. tdm-a. 7:3;

1 sImcn. 7:39). qan-bnse \ΩpsS IpSpw-_-_-‘-ßƒ,

kvt\lw, F∂nh ad-°p-I-bn-√, AXp Ipd-bp-I-b√

IqSp-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv. CXn\p kwi-b-an-√. F∂m

epw, kz¿§-Øn¬ hnizm-kn-Iƒ Hcp IpSpw-_-Øns‚

`mK-am-bn-cn-°pw. kz¿§Øn¬ hnhmlw, K¿`[mcWw,

inipP\\w Chbn√.

""Cu temI-Øns‚ a°ƒ hnhmlw Ign-°p-

Ibpw hnhm-l-Øn\p sImSp-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

F¶nepw B temI-Øn\pw acn -®-h-cn¬

\n∂p≈ ]p\-cp-∞m-\-Øn\pw tbmKy-cm-b-h¿

hnhmlw Ign-°p-I-bn√; hnhm-l-Øn\p

sImSp-°-s∏-Sp-I-bp-an√'' (eq-t°m. 20:34˛35;

HØp t\m°pI aØmbn 22:30).

3. kz¿§sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ thZ- m-K-ß-fn¬ \n∂p ]p\-

cp-∞m-\-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ A\p-am-\-ßƒ

shfn. 21 Dw 22 Dw kz¿§-sØ-°p-dn®pw hym]-I-amb

Hcp ]T\w \¬Ip-∂p-≠v. AXnse Nne hnh-c-W-ßƒ,

hnizm-kn-I-fpsS ]p\-cp-∞m-\-i-co-c-ß-epsS ]Ir-

XsØ°pdn-®p≈ kqN-I-ß-fm-Wv.


438

a. hwiob\m\mXzw

PmXn-Iƒ (nations) F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ Ko°p-]-Z-amb

FXv\m F∂ ]Z-Øn¬ \n∂mWv hwiobw F∂ ]Zw

D¤-hn-®-Xv. ]p\-cp-∞m\w sNbvX hnhn[ hwiob

hn`m-K-ßƒ At∏mgpw Aß-s\-bm-bn-cn-°m-\mWp

km[y-X.

PmXn-Iƒ AXns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬ \S°pw; qan-

bnse cmPm-°-∑m¿ Xß-fpsS alXzw AXn-

te°p sIm≠p-h-cpw.. PmXn-I-fpsS al-Xzhpw

_lp-am-\hpw AXn-te°p sIm≠p hcpw...

\Zn°v C°-scbpw A°-scbpw Poh-hr£w

D≠v; AXp ]¥≠p hn[w ^ew Imbv®p

amkw-tXmdpw AXXp ew Imbv°p∂p; hr£-

Øns‚ Ce PmXn-I-fpsS tcmK-im-¥n°v DX-

Ip∂p (sh-fn. 21:24, 26; 22:2).

b. hniaw Bh-iy-an-√

\nXy-X-bn¬ cmXn-bn-√, tXP-kv°-cn-°-s∏-´-h¿°p

hni-an-t°-≠p∂ Bh-iy-an-√.

C\n cmXn D≠m-I-bn√; ssZh-amb I¿Ømhv

Ah-cpsS ta¬ ]Im-in-°p-∂p-sXm≠v hnf-

°ns‚ shfn-®tam kqcys‚ shfn-®tam

Ah¿°v Bh-iy-an-√. Ah¿ Fs∂-t∂°pw

cmPm-°-∑m-cm-bn-cn°pw (sh-fn. 22:5).

c. I¿Øm-hns‚ \maw

tXP-kv°-cn-°-s∏´ hnizm-kn-I-fpsS ta¬ GsX-¶nepw

hn[-Øn¬ InkvXp-hns‚ \maw Fgp-Xp-sa∂pw \nc-

h[n hmIy-ßƒ Nq≠n-°m- p-∂p.

""Pbn-°p-∂-hs\ Rm≥ Fs‚ ssZh-Øns‚

Be-b-Øn¬ Hcp XqWm°pw; Ah≥ Hcn-°epw

Ahn-sS-\n∂p t]mI-bn√; Fs‚ ssZh-Øns‚

\mahpw Fs‚ ssZh-Øns‚ ]°¬ \n∂pw,

kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂p-Xs∂ Cd-ßp∂ ]pXnb

sbcp-itew F∂ Fs‚ ssZh-Øns‚ \K-c-

Øns‚ \mahpw Fs‚ ]pXnb \mahpw Rm≥

Ahs‚ ta¬ FgpXpw (shfn. 3:12).

Ah¿ Ahs‚ apJw ImWpw; Ahs‚ \maw

AhcpsS s\‰nbn¬ Ccn°pw (shfn. 22:4).

d. ]hrØn

kz¿§ob\K-c-Øns‚ Ihm-S-ßƒ Hcn-°epw ASbv°p-

I-bn-s√∂ hkvXpX kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv, Dbn¿sØ-gp-

t∂‰ hnizm-kn-Iƒ, ]tXyIw kqNn-∏n-®n-´n-√mØ

GtXm ]hr-Øn-bn¬ hym]r-X-cmbn Xnc-°n´p h∂pw

t]mbp-an-cn-°p-sa-∂m-Wv.

AXns‚ tKm]p-c-ßƒ(gates) ]I¬°m-eØv

AS-bv°p-I-bn√; cmXn AhnsS C√-t√m

(sh-fn. 21:25).

IX. InkvXp-hns‚ \ymbm-k\w

DZv]m-]-W-sØ-Øp-S¿∂v (D-bn¿∏pw/ tXP-kv°-c-

Whpw Hcp-an-®p-≈-Xn-s\m-∏w), hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p≈

ASpØ kw`hw InkvXp-hns‚ \ymbm-k-\-am-Wv.

AXn\p Ko°n¬ ]d-bp∂ t]cp ""_oam-ko‰v''

F∂mWv (tdm-a. 14:10; 2 sImcn. 5:10). Ncn-X-]-kn-≤-

amb \nc-h[n hnNm-c-W-Ifpw ]I-S-\-ßfpw ]cm-a¿in-

°p-∂n-SØv Cu ]Zw ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ ImWp-∂p≠v

(InkvXp ]oem-tØm-kns‚ ap∂n¬, aØmbn 27:19;

tbml. 19:13; knwlm-k-\-Øn-en-cp-∂p-sIm-≠p≈

sltcm-Zm-hns‚ ]kw-Kw, At∏m. ]hr. 12:21; K√n-

tbms‚ ap∂n¬ ]utemkv, At∏m. ]hr. 18:12, 16,

17; s^kvtXm-kns‚ ap∂n¬, 25:6, 20, 27). Hm -a-’-c-

Øns‚ mh-\bv°p \ymb-hn-[n-bpsS hnjbØn¬ Hcp

]¶p≈-t∏mƒØs∂ (1 sImcn. 9:24 se "IncoSw' (hn-

cp-Xv) Hm -Ønse hnP-bn-bpsS inc- n-t∑¬ hbv°p-

∂-Xm-Wv) hnP-b-am-tLm-jn-°p-∂-h¿°p tSm^n-Iƒ

ssIam-dp∂Xnt\mSp amXw InkvXp-hn-s‚ \ymbm-k-

\sØ D]-an-°p-∂Xp ]mSn√. hna¿i-\-]-c-amb hne-

bn-cp-Ø-en-\p≈ ]Z-am-bn-´mWp "_oam' F∂ ]Zw

]pXn-b- \n-b-a-Øn¬ ]mY-an-I-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv.

\ymbm-k-\-Øn¬ c£ \jvS-s∏-Sp-sa∂ `bw hnizm-

kn-Iƒ°p thWsa∂p CXp ]d-bp-∂n-√. F∂m¬

AhnsS hna¿i-\hpw A\n-jvS-amb Xe-ßfpw D≠m-

bn-cn-°p-sa∂p Adn-™n-cn-°-Ww. Hmtcm hnizm-kn-bp-

sSbpw PohnXØn¬ BK-ln-°-Ø° NneXp ImWp-

sa-¶nepw ( 1 sImcn. 4:5), `qan-bn¬ PohnXw ]mgm-

°nb hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v AsXmcp hnP-bm-tLm-j-

k-tΩ-f\w Bbn-cn-°p-I-bn-√.

A. \ymbm-k-\-Øns‚ kabw

\ymbm-k-\-Øns‚ ka-b-sa-s¥∂p \n¿Æ-bn-°m≥

aXn-bmb sXfn-hp-≠v.

""\o hncp∂p Ign-°p-tºmƒ, Zcn-Z-∑m¿, AwK-

lo-∑m¿, apS-¥-∑m¿, Ipcp-S-∑m¿ F∂n-hsc

£Wn-°pI; F∂m¬ \o mKy-hm-\m-bn-cn°pw;

\n\°p ]Xyp-]-Imcw sNøm≥ Ah¿°p hI-

bn-√-t√m. \oXn-am-∑m-cpsS ]p\-cp-∞m-\-Øn¬

\n\°p ]Xyp -] -Imcw D≠mIpw''

(eq-t°m. 14:13˛14).

BI-bm¬ I¿Ømhp hcp-thmfw ka-b-

Øn\pw apsº H∂pw hn[n-°-cpXv. Ah≥


439

Ccpń¬ ad-™n-cn-°p-∂Xp shfn-®-Øm°n

lrZ-b-ß-fpsS Btem-N-\-Isf shfn-s∏-

SpØpw; A∂v Hmtcm-cp-Ø\p ssZh-Øn¬

\n∂p ]pIgvN-bp-≠mIpw (1 sImcn. 4:5 ).

C\n \oXn-bpsS IncoSw F\n-°mbn h®n-cn-

°p∂p; AXp \oXn-bp≈ \ymbm-[n-]-Xn-bmb

I¿Ømhv B Znh-k-Øn¬ F\n°p \¬Ipw;

F\n°p amX-a√ Ahs‚ ]Xy-£-X-bn¬

]nbw -h® Gh¿°pw IqsS (2 Xnsam. 4:8).

""CXm, Rm≥ thKw hcp∂p; Hmtcm-cp-Ø\v

Ah-\-hs‚ ]hr -Øn°p X°-hÆw

sImSp-°m≥ ]Xn-êw Fs‚ ]°-ep≠v''

(sh-fn. 22:12).

eqt°mkv 14:14 ]Xn- -e-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb Dbn¿sØ-gp-

t∂-ev]m-Wv. Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev]n-s\-Øp-S¿∂pw ]Xn-

^-e-ap-s≠∂v A\p-am-\n-°mw. k`m-hn-ip-≤-∑msc

kw_-‘n®v DZv]m-]-W-Øn-\p-tijw \ymbm-k-\w.

1 sImcn. 4 Dw 2 Xntam. 1. 4:8 Dw I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-

h-chp \ymbhn-[n-tbmSpw ]Xn-^-e-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-

sW∂pw _‘n-∏n-°p-∂p. Ah-km-\-am-bn, shfn. 22:

12 Bbn-cn°pw ]Xn-^-e-Øns‚ kabw G‰hpw

\∂mbn hy‡-am-°p∂ hmIyw I¿Øm-hns‚ aS-ßn-

h-c-hn¬ ]Xn- -e-ap-≠m-bn-cns°, DZv]m-]-W-Øn-\p-

ti-j-ap≈ sXm -SpØ kw -h-ambn thtZm-]-tZ-jvSm-

°-∑m¿ AXns\ ImWp∂p (k-`-bpsS ASpØ

kw`hw, At∏mƒ qan-bn¬ atlm-]-Z-h-am-bn-cn-°pw)13

B. \ymb-hn-[n-bpsS ÿew

B tImSXn Fhn-sS-bm-sW∂p Xncp-h-N\w FSpØp-

]-d-bp-∂n-√. InkvXp aS-ßn-h-cp-tºmƒ hnizm-kn-Isf

kz¿§-Øn-te°p sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-sa-∂n-cns° (tbm-l.

14: 1), AXp kz¿§-Øn-em-bn-cn-°p-sa∂p A t\I thZ-

]-WvUn-X-∑mcpw ]d-bp-∂p. AXp `qan-bn-em-bn-cn-°p-

I-bn√ F∂p ]d-bp-∂-XmWp kpc-£nXw.

C. \ymbm-[n-]Xn

AXp InkvXp Xs∂-bm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂p hy‡-am-Wv.14

Ah-\-h≥ ico -c -Øn¬ Ccn -°p -tºmƒ

sNbvXXp \√-Xm-Inepw Xob-Xm-Inepw AXn\p

X°-hÆw ]m]n-t°-≠-Xn\p \msa-√m-hcpw

InkvXp-hns‚ \ymbm-k-\-Øns‚ apºmsI

shfn-s∏-tS-≠-Xm-Ip∂p (2 sImcn. 5:10).

\nßƒ sNøp-∂Xv Hs°bpw a\p-jy¿s°-∂√

I¿Øm-hn-s\-∂-t]mse a\-t msS sNbvhn≥.

Ah-Im-i-sa∂ ]Xn-êw I¿Ømhp Xcpw

F∂-dn™p I¿Øm-hmb InkvXp-hns\ tkhn-

°p-hn≥ ( sImsem. 3:23˛24).

\ymb-hn-[n-sb√mw ]nXmhp ]pX\p \¬In-b-Xn-\m¬,

FSpØp ]d-™n- n-s√-¶nepw AXv A\p-am-\n-°m-hp-

∂-tX-bp-≈q.

""..-]n-Xmhv Bscbpw \ymbw hn[n-°msX \ymb-

hn-[n-sb√mw ]pX\p sImSp-Øn-cn-°p∂p''

(tbm-l. 5:22).

D. \ymbw hn[n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿

InkvXp-hn-s‚ \ymbm-k\w hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p-th≠n

amX-am-Wv. Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ (a-cn-®-h¿)°mbp≈ sh≈-

knw-lm-k-\-hp-ambn CXp Iqń-°p-g-bv°-cp-Xv (sh-fn.

20:11˛15). 15 tdma¿ 14 epw 2 sImcn. 5 epw ""\mw'' F∂Xp

hnizm-kn-Isf Dt±-in-®p-sIm-≠p-≈-Xm-Wv. AXn-\m¬

\ymbm-k\w hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p amX-amWv (tdm-a. 14:

10; 2 sImcn. 5:10).

F∂m¬ \o ktlm-Z-cs\ hn[n-°p-∂Xv F¥v?

A√, \o ktlm-Z-cs\ [n°-cn-°p∂Xv F¥v?

\mw F√m-hcpw InkvXp-hns‚ \ymbm-k-\-

Øn\p apºmsI \n¬t°-≠n-hcpw(tdm-a. 14:10).



X°-hÆw ]m]n-t°-≠-Xn\p \mw F√m-hcpw

InkvXp-hns‚ \ymbm-k-\-Øn\p apºmsI

shfn-s∏-tS-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p(2 sImcn. 5:10).

ssZhw hnizm-kn-Isf \ymbw hn[n-°p-tºmƒ, AXp

hnizm-kn-Iƒ°pth≠n amX-am-bn-cn-°pw. AhnsS

\n¬°p-∂-h-sc√mw c£n-°-s∏- -h-cm-Wv.


Ah\p tNXw hcpw; Xmt\m c£n-°-s∏Sw;

F∂m¬ Xobn¬°qSn F∂-t]mse AtX

( 1 sImcn. 3:15).

13 a‰p Nne hmIy`mKßfpw I¿Ømhns‚ hchns\°pdn®pw XpS¿∂p≈ ]Xnê hnXcWsØ∏‰nbpw]Xn]mZn°p∂p(1 sImcn. 1:8; 2 sImcn. 1:14; 1 sX . 2:19;1 tbml. 2:28).14 F_m. 9:27 -˛28˛¬ InkvXphns‚ hchn¶¬\ymbhn[nbpw D≠mIpw F∂v ]Tn∏n°p∂p.


15 shfn. 20:11-˛15˛epw \ymbhn[n°v hnhn[ ]ZßƒD]tbmKn®ncn°p∂p. ChnsS \ap°v _oam \ymbhn[nb√adn®v knwlmk\Øn¬ Ccp∂psIm≠p≈ \ymbhn[nsbbmWv ]cma¿in®ncn°p∂Xv.

440

\q‰m-≠p-I-fm-bp≈ ]e PmXn-Ifnse InkvXym-\n-Isf

Iq -tØmsS \ymbw hn[n-°p-I-b√ Chn-sS. `qan-bn-

te-Xn-s\-°mƒ hyXy-kvX-amb ""kabw'' Bbn-cn°mw

kz¿§-Øn-te-Xv. F¶nepw tImSn-°-W-°n\p hy‡n-

Isf I¿Ømhv FX ka-b-sa-Sp-ØmWv hn[n-°p-I-

sb-∂Xp Kln-°m≥ ]bm-k-am-Wv. InkvXp-hns‚

\ymbm-k\w hy‡n-]-c-amb \ymbm-k-\-am-sW∂p

hN\w hy‡-am-°p-∂p.

F∂m¬ \o ktlm-Z-cs\ hn[n-°p-∂Xv F¥v?

A√. \o ktlm-Z-cs\ [n°-cn°p∂Xv F¥v?

\mw F√m-hcpw InkvXp-hns‚ \ymbm-k-\-

Øn\p apºmsI \n¬t°≠n hcpw... BI-bm¬

\Ωn¬ Hmtcm-cp-Ø≥ ssZh-tØmSp IW°p

t_m[n-∏n-t°≠n hcpw (tdm-a¿ 14:10, 12).

\Sp-∂-h\pw \\-bv°p-∂-h-\pw, Hcp-t]mse;

Hmtcm-cp-Ø\p Xm¥ms‚ A≤zm-\-Øn\v HØ-

hÆw Iqen In´pw (1 sImcn. 3:8).

""Ah-\-hs‚ ]hrØn shfn-s∏´p hcpw; B

Znhkw AXns\ sXfn-hm°pw; AXp XotbmsS

shfn-s∏´p hcpw; Hmtcm-cp-Øs‚ ]hrØn

C∂-hn[w F∂p Xs∂ tim[\ sNøpw. Hcp-

Ø≥ ]WnX ]hrØn \ne-\n-ev°p-sa-¶n¬

Ah\p ]Xn- ew In´pw. Hcp-Øs‚ ]hrØn

sh¥p-t]m-sb-¶n¬ Ah\p tNXw hcpw;

Xmt\m c£n-°-s∏Spw; F∂m¬ Xobn¬°qSn

F∂-t]mse AtX (1 sImcn. 3:13˛15).

BI-bm¬ I¿Ømhp hcp-thmfw ka-b-Øn\p

apsº H∂pw hn[n-°-cp-Xv. Ah≥ Ccp- n¬ ad-


Btem-N-\-Isf shfn-s∏-SpØpw; AXv Hmtcm-

cp-Ø\p ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂p ]pIgvN D≠mIpw

(1 sImcn. 4:5).






Hmtcm-cp-Ø≥ Xm¥ms‚ NpaSp Npa-°p-at√m

(K-em. 6:5).

E. \ymbhn[n-bpsS ASn-ÿm\w

1. \ymbm-k-\-Øn¬ hnj-b-a-√m-Øh

c£tbm kz¿§-]-th-itam InkvXp-hns‚ \ymbm-k-

\-Ønse hnj-b-ß-f-√m-sb-∂Xp hfsc ][m-\-s∏- -

Xm-Wv. \ymbw hn[n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-sc√mw hnizm-kn-

Ifm-Wv. c£ hnizm-k-Ømem-sW-∂-Xn-\m¬, \ymbm-

km-\-Øn-¶¬ D≈-h-sc√mw hnizm-kn-I-fm-Wv. hmkvX-

h-Øn¬, Ah¿ Ct∏mƒØs∂ kz¿§-Øn-em-Wv.

hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p ]m]-Øn-\p≈ in£m-hn[n A`n-ap-

Jo-I-cn-t°-≠-Xn-s√∂pw Ah¿ ssZh-Øns‚ \ymb-

hn-[n-bpsS tIm]-Øn\p ]mX-am-tI-≠-Xn-s√∂pw

hN\w ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. \ymbm-k-\-Øn-¶se hnjbw

]m]-ß-f-√. 1 sImcn. 3:15 FSpØp]d-bp-∂Xp InkvXp-

hns‚ \ymbm-k-\-Øn-¶¬ D≈-h-sc√mw hnizm-kn-I-

fm-sW-∂m-Wv.

Bta≥, Bta≥ Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp ]d-bp∂p;


kn-°p-∂-h\p \nXy-Po-h≥ D≠v; Ah≥ \ymb-

hn-[n-bn¬ BImsX ac-W-Øn¬ \n∂p Poh-

¶-te°p IS-∂n-cn-°p∂p (tbm-l. 5:24).

Ahs‚ c‡-Øm¬ \oXoI-cn-°-s∏- -ti-jtam



AXp-sIm≠v Ct∏mƒ InkvXp-tb-ip-hn-ep-≈-

h¿°v Hcp in£m-hn-[n-bp-an-√. ssZhw Xnc-

s™-Sp-Ø-hsc Bcp Ip‰w NpaØpw? \oXo-

I-cn-°p-∂-h≥ ssZhw. in£ hn[n-°p-∂-h≥

Bcv? InkvXp-tbip acn -®-h≥; acn -®n´v

Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-‰-h≥ Xs∂; Ah≥ ssZh-

Øns‚ he-Øp-`m-K-Øn-cn-°p-Ibpw \ap-°p-

th≠n ]£-hmZw Ign -°bpw sNøp∂p

(tdm-a. 8:1, 33˛34).


Ah\p tNXw hcpw; Xmt\m c£n-°-s∏Spw;

F∂m¬ Xobn¬°qSn F∂-t]mse AsX

(1 sImcn. 3:13˛15).



Ah≥ Ah-t\m-Sp-IqsS Pohn-∏n®p; AXn-I-a-

ßƒ Hs°bpw \tΩmSp £an®p

(sIm-sem. 2:13).

""Ah-cpsS ]m]-ß-sfbpw AIr-Xy-ß-sfbpw

Rm≥ C\n Hm¿°-bp-an√'' (F-_m. 10:17).

ssZhw \sΩ tIm]-Øn-\-√, \mw DW¿∂n-cp-

∂mepw Dd-ßn-bmepw Xt∂m-Sp-IqsS Pohn-t°-

≠-Xn-\p.... I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-kvXp-aqew

c£sb ]m]n-°m-\tX \nb-an-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv

(1 sX . 5:9).

Cßs\ ssZh-Øn\p \tΩm-Sp≈ kvt\lsØ

\mw Adn™pw hniz-kn-®p-an-cn-°p-∂p. ssZhw


441

kvt\lw Xs∂; kvt\l-Øn¬ hkn-°p-∂h≥

ssZh-Øn¬ hkn-°p∂p; ssZhw Ah-\nepw

hkn-°p-∂p. \ymb-hn[n Znh-k-Øn¬ \ap°p

ss[cyw D≠m-Ip-hm≥ X°-hÆw CXn-\m¬

kvt\lw \tΩmSp XnI-™n-cn-°p∂p; Ah≥

Ccn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse Cu temI-Øn¬ \mapw

Ccn -°p -∂p. kvt\l-Øn¬ `ban -√.

`b-Øn\p ZWvU-\-ap-≈-Xn-\m¬ XnI™

kvt\lw `bsØ ]pd-Øm-°n-°-f-bp∂p

(1 tbml. 4: 16˛18).

ssZh-Øns‚ \ymb-kºZmbØn¬ Ccń tZmj-an-√.

]nXm-sh∂ \ne-bn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ `mK-Øn-s\-Xn-

cmbn hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p ]m]w sNøm≥ Ign-bpw.

At∏mƒ AXp XmXv°m-en-I-amb _me-in-£bv°p

CS-h-cp-Øp-∂p. \ymbm-[n-]-s\-∂ \ne-bn¬ ssZh-Øn-

s\-Xn-cmbn sNbvX ]m]-sa√mw £an-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-I-

bm-Wv. InkvXp-hns‚ \ymbm-k-\-Øn-¶se hnj-b-

ßƒ c£tbm kz¿§-]-th-itam A√, t\csØ

Xs∂ £an-°-s∏´ ]m]-ßƒ°m-bp≈ \ymb-hn-[n-

bp-a√. ""hnizm-k-Øm-ep≈ \oXo-I-c-W-Øns‚'' hn[n-

bpsS A¿∞w, Hcp hnizm-kn-°p-sa-Xnsc Hcp Ip‰m-

tcm-]-Whpw ssZh-Øns‚ tImS-Xn-apdn-bn¬ ]cn-K-Wn-

°p-I-bn-√m-sb-∂-Xm-Wv.

2. `qan-bn¬ sNbvX ]hr-Øn-Iƒ

a. s]mXp-hmb ]hr-Øn-Iƒ

\ymbm-k-\-Øn-¶se hnj-b-ßƒ c£-tbm, kz¿§-]-

th-i-tam, As√-¶n¬ `qan-bn¬ h®p sNbvX ]m]w-

t]meptam A√. `qan-bn¬ h®p sNbvX ]hr-Øn-

Iƒ°-\p-kr-X-ambn ]Xn-êw \jvS-s∏-Sp-I-tbm,

As√-¶n¬ ]Xn- ew t\Sp-Itbm F∂p-≈-Xm-WXv.

\ymb-hn-[n-bpsS ASn-ÿm\w ]hr-Øn-I-fm-sW∂p

]utemkv Du∂n-∏-d-bp-∂p.

\Sp∂-h\pw \\-bv°p-∂-h\pw Hcp-t]mse;

Hmtcm-cp-Ø\p Xm¥ms‚ A≤zm-\-Øn\p X°-

hÆw Iqen In´pw (1 sImcn. 3:8).

B Znhkw AXns\ sXfn-hm°pw; AXp

XotbmsS shfn-s∏´p hcpw; Hmtcm-cp-Øs‚

]hrØn C∂-hn[w F∂p XoXs∂ tim[\

sNøpw. Hcp-Ø≥ ]WnX ]hrØn \ne-\n-

ev°p-sa-¶n¬ Ah\p ]Xn-êw In´pw. Hcp-

Øs‚ ]hrØn sh¥p-t]m-sb-¶n¬ Ah\p

tNXw hcpw; Xmt\m c£n-°-s∏Spw;

F∂m¬ Xobn¬°qSn F∂-t]mse AtX

(1 sImcn. 3: 13˛15).






b. ]hr-Øn-bpsS Af-h-√, KpW-amWp apJyw

2 sImcn. 5:10˛¬ ""XobXv'' (bad) F∂p hnh¿Ø\w

sNbvXn-cn-°p∂ Ko°p ]Zw Xn∑ (evil) F∂-Xm-Wv

""hne-bn-√m-ØXv'' F∂mWv AXn-\¿∞w. 16 Hcm-fpsS

]hr-Øn-Iƒ hf-sc-b-[nIw \∑bpw Xn∑bpw F∂

\ne-bn-e√ hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂Xv (]m]w Imc-W-am-bp≈

in£m-hn-[n-b-√t√m Chn-SpsØ hnj-bw), adn®v Ah

hne-bp-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂pthm hne-bn-√m-Ø-Xm-bn-cp-∂pthm

F∂ \ne-bn-em-Wv. sNbvX ]hr-Øn-Ifpw sNømØ

]hr-Øn-Ifpw XΩn-ep≈ sshcp-≤y-a-√ AhnsS

Du∂n-∏-d-bp-∂-sX∂p i≤n-°p-I. ]hr-Øn-Iƒ

sNbvXp Ign-™p. Ah hne-bp-≈-Xm-bn-cpt∂m hne-

bn-√m-Ø-Xm-bn-cpt∂m F∂p \n¿Æ-bn-°p-∂-XmWp

\ymb-hn-[n.

]hr-Øn-bpsS Af-hn-s\-°mƒ AXns‚ KpW-Øn-em-

bn-cn°pw InkvXp-hn\p XmXv]cyw (Nn-e-cpsS Pohn-

X-Øn¬ Ah XΩn¬ _‘-ap-s≠-¶n-epw). InkvXp-

hns‚ \ymbm-k\w ]hr-Øn-bpsS KpW-ßƒ hne-

bn-cp-Øp∂Xv ]tXy-I-am-bn, Ah I¿Øm-hn\p al-

Xz-am-bn-cp-∂pthm AtXm kzbw ]pI-gvØp-∂-Xm-bn-

cpt∂m F∂mWp t\m°pI (D-Zm. 1 iaq. 16:7). ]kn-

≤-amb ê-ß-sf-°mƒ,hniz-kvX-Xbpw A\p-k-c-

Whpw kvt\l-ap≈ lrZ-b-Øn-emWp ssZh-Øn\p

XmXv]-cyw. t\msl \oXn-]-kw-Kn-bm-bn-cp∂p (2

]sXm. 2:5; Dev]Øn 6:3) ]s£ AXns‚ êw

Xoscs®dp-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. sbi-ømhpw, bnsc-aymhpw ]d-

™Xp Ipd-®p-t]tc tI´p≈q (sb-i. 6:9˛10; bnsc. 1:

19; 15:5, 17; 20:7- 10). hmkvX-h-Øn¬ aio-lsb P\w

Xp—o-I-cn®p X≈n-°-f™p (sb-i. 53:3; tbml. 1:11).

ê-ßƒ A`n-e-j-Wo-bhpw A\p-K-l-hp-am-Ip-

tºmƒØs∂, ssZh-Øn\p al-Xz-apf-hm-Ip∂ hniz-

kvXX( -e-ap-≈-tXm, C√m-Ø-tXm) bmWp InkvXp-

hns‚ \ymbm-k-\-Ønse \ymb-hn-[n-bpsS am\-

ZWvUw.

F\n°p e`n® ssZh-Ir-]bv°v HØ-hÆw

Rm≥ ⁄m\-ap-s≈mcp ][m-\-in-ev]n-bmbn

ASn-ÿm\w Cń-cn-°p∂p; as‰m-cp-Ø≥ aosX

16 See Richard C. Trench, Synonyms of the new Testament,repriented (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co.1976). pp. 317-18.


442

]Wn-bp∂p; Xm≥ Fßs\ ]Wn-bp-∂p-sh∂v

Hmtcm-cp-Ø≥ t\m°n-s°m-≈-s´.... B Znhkw

AXns\ sXfn-hm°pw; AXp XotbmsS shfn-

s∏´p hcpw Hmtcm-cp-Øs‚ ]hrØn C∂-hn[

(quantity)sa∂p Xo Xs∂ tim[\ sNøpw

(1 sImcn. 3:10, 13).

BI-bm¬ I¿Ømhp hcp-thmfw ka-b-Øn\p

apsº H∂pw hn[n-°-cp-Xv, Ah≥ Ccp- n¬ ad-


Btem-N-\-Isf (motives) shfn-s∏-SpØpw;

A∂v Hmtcm-cp-Ø\p ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂p ]pI-

gvN-bp-≠mIpw (1 sImcn. 4:5).

Krl-hn-Nm-c-I-∑m-cn¬ At\z-jn-°p-∂tXm

Ah¿ hniz-kvX-cm-bn-cn-°Ww F∂tX

(1 sImcn. 4:2).

c. hniz-kvX-X-bp≈ Hcp lrZ-b-Øns‚ A-I-º-Sn-tbm

sSbp≈ ]hr-Øn-I-fmWp hnti-jn®p ssZhsØ

]km-Zn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv

]Xn- -e-ambn \¬I-s∏-Sp∂ hnhn[ Xcw Inco-S-ß-

sf-°p-dn-®p≈ tNmZy-ßƒ°p hN\w DØcw \¬Ip-

∂n-√. hnizm-kn-I-fpsS tijn-Iƒ°p≈ ]Xn- -e-ß-

sf-°mƒ, Xß-fpsS DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ß-fn¬ i≤ tIµo-

I-cn-°m-\mImw ssZhw BK-ln-°p-∂-Xv. \ap°v F¥p

t\Smw F∂-Xn¬ i≤n-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ, F¥m-bn-

cn-°Ww sNtø-≠Xv F∂-Xn¬thWw i≤ tIµo-

I-cn-°m≥. ""Inco-S-ß-sf-∏‰n XpS¿∂p hnh-cn-°p-∂-

XmWv. Cu Inco-S-ßƒ ]m]n-t°-≠-Xn\p \mw

F¥mWp sNtø-≠-sX∂p t\m°mw. shdpw ]hr-

Øn-°-√, adn®v ip≤-amb lrZ-b-Øn¬\n-∂mtWm

]hrØn F∂-Xn-\mWp ]Xn-^-e-sa∂p ho≠pw

Hm¿°p-I˛ ssZh-Øn\p am\hpw kvt\lhpw ]km-

Zhpw Df-hm°p∂ lrZ-b-Øns‚ e£yw.

(1) hmSmØ IncoSw

Hm -°-f-Øn¬ HmSp-∂-h¿ F√m-hcpw HmSp∂p

F¶nepw Hcp-ht\ hncpXp ]m]n-°p-∂p-≈q

F∂v Adn-bp-∂n-√tbm? \nßfpw ]m]n-°m-¥-

°-hÆw HmSp-hn≥. A¶w s]mcp-Xp-∂-h≥

Hs°bpw kI-e-Ønepw h¿÷\w BN-cn-

°p∂p. AtXm, Ah¿ hmSp∂ Inco-Shw \mtam

hmSmØ Inco-Shpw ]m]n-t°-≠-Xn\p Xs∂.

BI-bm¬ Rm≥ \n›-b-an -√mØhÆ-a√

HmSp∂Xv BIm-isØ IpØp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-b√

Rm≥ apjvSn-bp≤w sNøp-∂-Xv. a‰p-≈-h-tcmSp

]kw-Kn-®-tijw Rm≥ Xs∂ sIm≈-cp-XmØ

\-hm-bn-t∏m-Im-Xn-cn-t°-≠-Xn\p Fs‚ ico-

csØ ZWvUn-∏n-®v ASn-a-bm-°p-I-btX sNøp-

∂Xv (1 sImcn. 9:24˛27).

in£Ww (A-®-S-°w), ka¿∏-Ww, h¿÷\w

F∂nh Hcp Hm´-°m-c\p ]cn-io-e-\-Øn-\p-≈-Xp-

t]mse, InkvXo-b-Po-hn-X-Øn-ep-≈-h¿°p ]tXyI

]Xn-^-e-ap-≠v. Ah-cpsS Pohn-X-Øns‚ tIµw

InkvXp-hm-Wv. Ahs‚ hN\w t]mse sNøm-\mWv

Ah¿ ]cn-i-an-°p-∂-Xv.

(2) ]iwkm(k-t¥m-jw)IncoSw

\ΩpsS I¿Øm-hmb tbip-hns‚ apºmsI

Ahs‚ ]Xy-£-X-bn¬ Rß-fpsS Bitbm

kt¥m-jtam ]iwkmInco-Stam Bcm-Ip∂p?

\nßfpw A√tbm? Rß-fpsS al-Xzhpw

kt¥m-jhpw \nßƒ Xs∂ (1 sX . 2:19˛20).

a‰p-≈-hsc c£-bn-te°p \bn-°p-∂-h¿°p ]Xn-

^ew \evIp-∂-Xn¬ ssZh-Øn\p ]tXyI XmXv]-

cy-ap-≠v. ""]e-scbpw \oXn-bn-te°p Xncn-°p-∂-h¿''

F∂ `mKw `mhn-a-l-Xz-tØmSp _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p

(Zm-\o. 12:3). ]utem-kns‚ sX -tem-\n-Iym- hn-izm-

knIƒ Ahs‚ kt¥m-j-In-co-S-am-bn-cn-°pw.

(3) \oXn-bpsS IncoSw

C\n \oXn-bpsS IncoSw F\n-°mbn h®n-cn-

°p-∂p; AXp \oXn-bp≈ \ymbm-[n-]-Xn-bmb

I¿Ømhv B Znh-k-Øn¬ F\n°p \evIpw;

F\n°p amX-a-√, Ahs‚ ]Xy-£-X-bn¬

]nbw h® Gh¿°w IqsS (2 Xnsam. 4:8).

InkvXp-hns‚ ]Xy-£-X-bn¬ ]nb-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿ Ah-

s\bpw ]nb-s∏-Sp∂psh∂p ]d-bp-∂-XmWp \√-Xv.

D]-cn-bm-bn, A\p-cq-]-cm-Ip-∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ InkvXp-hn-

t\mSv A\p-cq-]-cm-Ip-∂-XmWv Ah¿ Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-

∂-Xv. Cß-s\, Ah-s\bpw Ahs‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hn-

s\bpw ]nb-s∏-Sp∂Xpw \oXn-tbm-sS-bp≈ Pohn-

Xhpw Hcp-an-®mWp t]mIp∂Xv (1 tbml. 3: 2˛3). \oXn-

tbmsS ]h¿Øn-°p∂ hnizm-kn-Iƒ I¿Øm-hns‚

aS-ßn -h -c -hn -\mbn ImØn-cn -°p -tºmƒØs∂

Ah¿s°mcp khn-ti-j-]-Xn-^-e-ap-≠v. \oXn-bpsS

Ioco-S-sa-∂Xp ""\oXn-bn¬ \n∂p hcp∂ IocoS''--sa∂p

hymJym-\n-°mw.

(4) Poh-In-coSw

]co£ kln-°p∂ a\p-jy≥ `mKy-hm≥;

Ah≥ sIm≈m-Ip-∂-h-\mbn sXfn-™-tijw

I¿Ømhp Xs∂ kvt\ln -°p -∂-h¿°p

hmKvZØw sNbvX Poh -In-coSw ]m]n-°pw

(bm-t°m. 1:12).


443

\o kln-°m-\p-≈Xp t]Sn-t°≠; \nßsf

]co-£n-t°-≠-Xn\p ]nimNp \nß-fn¬ Nnesc

XS-hn-em-°p-hm≥ t]mIp∂p; ]Øp Znhkw

\nßƒ°v D]-Zhw D≠mIpw; ac-W-]-cy¥w

hniz-kvX-\m-bn-cn°; F∂m¬ Rm≥ Poh -

In-coSw \n\°p Xcpw (sh-fn. 2:10).

sRcp-°hpw _p≤n-ap- p-ap≈-t∏mƒ Bflob-ambn hgp-

Xn-t∏m-Im≥ Ffp-∏-am-Wv. F∂m-epw, sRcp°w kz`m-

hsØ ]cn-tim-[n-°p-∂p. ]co-£, ]cn-tim-[-\,

D]-Z-hw, AYhm acWw F∂nh Ah-\p-th≠n

kln-°p-∂-h¿°p ssZhw ]tXyI ]Xn-êw

\¬Ipw. IjvS-X-I-fn¬ hniz-kvX-X-tbmsS \ne-\n-∂-

hsc Ah ]tXy-In®v A`n-\-µn-°pw.

(5) tXP- ns‚ IncoSw

F∂m¬ CS-b-ti-jvT≥ ]Xy-£-\m-Ip-tºmƒ

\nßƒ tXP- ns‚ hmSmØ IncoSw

]m]n°pw (1 ]sXm. 5:4).

Iogn-ep≈ CS-b-∑m-cmbn (undershepherds) hniz-kvX-

X-tbmsS ]h¿Øn® InkvXobt\Xm-°-∑msc

ImØn-cn-°p-∂-XmWp tXP- ns‚ Inco-Sw. InkvXob

t\Xm-°-∑m¿°p ]tXyI ]Xn- ew amX-a-√, IqSp-

X¬ I¿°-i-amb \ymb-hn-[n-bp-ap≠v (eq-t°m. 12:48;

bmt°m_v 3:1; F_m. 13:17).

d. a‰p hnizm-knI-fpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ sNbvX kw`m-

h-\-Iƒ

ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-t∑¬ ""s]m∂v, sh≈n, hne-tb-dnb

I√v'' F∂n-h-tbm, ""acw, ]p√v, hbvt°m¬'' F∂n-

htbm BtWm ]Wn-bp-∂-sX∂p ssZhw hne-bn-

cpØpw (1 sImcn. 3:12˛13). 17 ChnsS k` ssZh-Øns‚

sIń-S-amWv (hm. 9). AXn-\m¬, \n¿Ωm-W-km-a-Kn-

Iƒ Bfp-I-fm-bn-cn-°pw. Hcp hnizm-kn-bpsS kzm[o-

\-h-e-b-Øn-\p-≈n¬, Ah≥ a‰p hnizm-kn-Isf ]Wn-

bp-I-bmtWm AtXm s]mfn-®p-I-f-bp-I-bmtWm

F∂mWv Hcp \ne-bn¬ ssZhw ]hr-Øn-Isf hne-

bn-cp-Øp-∂-Xv. t\Xm-°-∑msc kw_-‘n®v CXp \n›-

b-amWv (F-_m. 13:17). F√m InkvXym-\n-Ifpw Xß-

fpsS hniz-kvXXbv°pw AXp ]men-°m-Ø-Xn\pw

IW°p sImSp-t°-≠-h-cmWv (tdm-a. 14:12; 1 sImcn.

4:5; Kem. 6:5). Hmtcm InkvXym-\nbpw a‰p InkvXym-

\n-I-fpsS \∑-bv°mbn ]h¿Øn®p kzm[o-\n-°-Ww.

tamiw ]hr-Øn-sb-°mƒ ÿncX, aqeyw, Bflob

KpWw F∂nh a‰p InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬

ssIh-cp-Øm≥ Ah≥/ Ahƒ ian-°Ww (DZm. hne-

tb-dnb I√p-I-fmb kz`mhw hbvt°m-en\p hn]-co-X-

am-Wv). \mw klm-bn-°m≥ ian-®n´pw a‰p-≈-h¿ a’-

cn-°p-I-tbm, \mw ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Itbm sNbvsX-¶n¬

AXn\p Ip‰-sam-∂p-an-√. F∂m¬ a‰p- hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS

Bflob t£a-Øn¬ XmXv]cyw ImWn-°p-∂-Xn-ep≈

]cm-P-bw, hn´p-I-f-b-se∂ Kpcp-X-c-amb Ip‰-am-Wv. a‰p-

≈-h¿°p Bflob hf¿®°pw kºpjvSamIp

∂Xn\pw ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp∂ InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°p

]tXyI ]Xn- ew D≠v.

F∂m¬ i‡-cmb \mw Ai-‡-cpsS _e-lo-

\-X-Isf Npa-°p-Ibpw \Ωn¬Øs∂ ]km-

Zn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw thWw. \Ωn¬ Hmtcm-cp-

Ø≥ Iq´p-Im-cs\ \∑-bv°m-bn´v Bflob

h¿≤-\-bv°p -th≠n ]km-Zn -∏n -°Ww

(tdm-a. 15: 1˛2).

imTy-Ømtem Zpc-`n -am -\-Ømtem H∂pw

sNømsX Xmgva-tbmsS Hmtcm-cp-Ø≥ a‰p-≈-

hs\ Xs∂-°mƒ tijvT≥ F∂v FÆn-

s°mƒhn≥. Hmtcm-cp-Ø≥ kz¥-Kp-W-a√ a‰p-

≈-hs‚ KpW-hpw-IqsS t\m°-Ww. InkvXp-

tb-ip -hn -ep≈ `mhw Xs∂ \nß-fnepw

D≠mbncn°s´ (^n-en. 2:3˛5).

3. hnizm-kn-I-fpsS ]hr-Øn-Isf \ymbw hn[n-°p-∂-

Xn-\p≈ \ne-hm-c-ßƒ

ssZhw ]Xn- ew \¬Ip-tºmƒ alm-¤p-X-ßƒ kw -

hn-°p-sa-∂mWv ap¥n-cn-tØm- -Ønse D]-a-bnse Hcp

]mTw (a-Øm. 20:1˛16). Hcp hnizm-kn°p e`n-°p∂

]Xn- -e-Øns‚ Xew F¥m-sW-∂-dn-bm≥ bmsXmcp

am¿§-hp-an-√. \Ωƒ Duln-®m¬ \ap°p sX‰p- ]-‰mw.

henb Hcp ]Xn- ew ]Xo-£n-°p-∂-bmƒ°v AXn-

s\-°mƒ A¥-t -dn-b-Xm-bn-cn°pw e`n-°p-∂-Xv.

sNdnb ]Xn- ew ]Xo-£n-°p-∂-h¿°v Gdnb ]Xn-

êw e`n-°pw. Aøm-bncw AwK-ß-fp≈ Hcp k`m-

ip-iq-j-I-\mtWm A©p a°-fp≈ `‡-bmb Hc-

Ωtbm BcmWp IqSp-X¬ ]iw-kbv°p ]mX-am-Ip-

∂Xv? Ct∏mƒ AX-dn-bm≥ bmsXmcp Imc-W-hp-an-√.

F√m kml-N-cy-ßfpw ssZh-Øn-\-dn-bm-sa-∂pw,

Ah≥ `wKn-bmbn \ymb-hn[n \S-Øp-sa∂pw \ap-°-

dn-bmw. Ahs‚ \ymb-hn-[n-bnse Nne \ne-hm-c-ßfpw

\ap-°-dn-bmw.

17 Hcp ]t£ ]mtZ-inIk -I-fnse hnizm-kn-Isf Fßs\]Wn-bp∂p F∂-Xn¬ i≤ sNep-tØ≠ InkvXo-b-t\-Xm-°sf BImw. 1 sImcn. 3: 10- ¬ ]mY-an-I-ambn Dt±-in-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. a‰p hnizm-kn-I-fpsS Bflob Pohn-X-Ønseapt∂-‰-Øn\v Hmtcm hnizm-knbpw i≤n-t°-≠-Xp-s≠∂Xn¬ ssZhØn\p ]cnKW\bp≠v.


444

a. InkvXobt\Xm-°sf I¿°-i-ambn ssZhw

\ymbw hn[n-°pw.

1 sImcn. 9:14˛17 se ]utemkns‚ Hcp t]mbn‚ v

Ahs‚ henb kphn-tij]b-Xv\-ßƒ Ahs‚ hnfn-

bpsS Hcp `mK-am-bn-cp∂psh∂m-Wv. Ahs‚ A≤zm-

\-ßƒ shdpw tPmen amX-am-bn-cp-∂p, ]tXyI Ign-

hn-t‚-sXm-∂p-a-√, Ahs‚ at\m- mhw eqt°mkv 17:

7˛10 se Da-]-bn¬ ]I-S-am-bn- p-≠v. anI-hp-≈-sX-¶nepw

sNøm≥ A[n-I-am-bn v Fs¥-¶nepw sNø-W-sa∂p

]utem-kn\p tXm∂n. a‰p-≈-h-sc-°mƒ Db¿∂ \ne-

hm-c-Øn¬ ssZhw t\Xm-°-∑msc \ymbw hn[n-°p-

sa∂p bmt°m_p hy‡-am-°p-∂p.

""A∆Æw \nß-tfmSp Iev]n-®-sXm-s°bpw

sNbvX-tijw : Rßƒ ]tbm-P-\-an-√mØ

Zmk-∑m¿ sNtø-≠tX sNbvXn-´p≈q F∂p

\nßfpw ]d-bp-hn≥'' (eqt°m 17:10).

Rm≥ kphn-tijw Adn-bn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬

F\n°p ]iw-kn-°m≥ H∂p-an-√. \n¿_‘w

Fs‚-ta¬ InS-°p-∂p. Rm≥ kphn-tijw Adn-

bn-°p-∂n√ F¶n¬ F\n°v Atøm IjvSw!

(1 sImcn. 9:16).

ktlm-Z-c-∑m-tc, A[nIw in£m-hn[n hcpw

F∂-dn™v \nß-fn¬ At\-I¿ D]-tZ-jvSm-

°∑m¿ BI-cpXv (bm-t°m_v 3:1).

b. ssZh-Øns‚ \ymb-hn-[n-bn¬ Ah≥ ]tbm-P-\hpw

\njv]-tbm-P-\hpw IW-°n-se-Sp-°p-∂p.

ssZhw a\p-jy-s\-t∏m-se-b-√, Ah\p XnI-thmsS

\ymbw hn[n-°m≥ Ign-bpw. sNdp-]m-b-Øn-te-bp≈

c£, ssIkvX-hhpw AssI-kvX-hp-amb `h-\-ß-

fnse ]›m-Ø-e-ßƒ, \√ k -bn¬ ssZh-sØ-°p-

dn®p ]Tn-°m≥ Ign-™-Xv, kzm`m-hnI A`n-cp-Nn,

Bflobhc-ßƒ, F∂n-h-bpsS ]tbm-P-\hpw \njv]-

tbm-P-\hpw ssZhw IW-°n-se-Sp-°pw. Pohn-X-Ønse

ê-ßƒ amX-a√ ssZhw ImWp-∂-Xv. adn -®v,

]tXyIn®p≈ t]mcm´ßfpw _p≤n-ap- p-Ifpw Ah≥

ImWp-∂p-≠v. \ymbm-k-\-Øn-¶¬ Nne apº-∑m¿ ]nº-

∑mcpw apº-∑mcpw BIpw. F√m hkvXpX-I-sf-°p-

dn®pw ssZhw t_m[-hm-\m-Wv. Ahs‚ hn[n XnI®pw

\√-Xm-bn-cn-°pw.

... hfsc e`n-®-h-t\mSp hfsc Bhiy-s∏Spw;

A[nIw G‰p -hm -ßn -b -h -t\mS v A[nIw

tNmZn°pw (eq-t°m. 12:48).

c. ssZhw ]hr-Øn-Isf hn[n-°p-∂Xp kz`m-h-Øn\v

Du∂¬ \evIn-bm-Wv. tbm\ Hcp henb DW¿∆p

\bn®p, ]t£ at\m- mhw tami-am-bn-cp-∂p. am\p-jn-

I-amb Hcp ho£-W-tIm-Wn¬ \n∂v Ah≥ Xs‚

ipiqj tijvT-amb ]Xn- ew A¿ln-°p-∂p-sh∂p

It≠-°mw. F∂m¬ a\p-jys‚ \ne-hm-c-Øn¬ \n∂p

hyXy-kvX-amWp \ymbhn-[n-°m-bp≈ ssZh-Øns‚

\ne-hm-c-ßƒ (1 iaq. 16:7).

Fs^. 6:6 Dw sImsem. 3:22 Dw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xp a\p-

jys\ amXw ]km-Zn-∏m≥ ITn-\m-≤zm\w sNøp-∂-

hcpw ""I¿Øm-hn-s\-∂-t]mse'' ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-hcpw

XΩn-ep≈ sshcp-≤y-am-Wv. c≠p kµ¿ -ßfpw ssZh-

Øns‚ hne-bn-cp-Ø-ens\ kqNn-∏n-°m≥ apt∂m´p

t]mIp∂p (F-s^. 6:8; sImsem. 3:24). InkvXp-hns‚

\ymbm-k-\-Øn-¶¬, ]Xn- ew In´ptam \jvS-s∏-Sp-

tam-sb∂p \n›-bn-°m≥ Hmtcm hnizm-kn-sbbpw

ssZhw \ymbw hn[n-°pw. F∂m-epw, hy‡n-bpsS

]hr-Øn-bpsS A¥cw a\p-jys\ ]km-Zn-∏n-°p-∂-

XmtWm AtXm ssZhsØ ]km-Zn-∏n-°p-∂-XmtWm

F∂-Xn-\m-bn-cn°pw Ah≥ Du∂¬ \¬Ip-I. a\p-

jy¿ ""`‡s\''∂p ImWm≥ th≠n aX\njvT-Iƒ

sNøp-∂-h-tcmSp Kncn-]- m-j-W-Øn¬ kwkm-cn-°p-∂p.

Ah-sc-°p-dn®p I¿Ømhp c≠p XhW ]d-bp-∂Xp

""Ah¿°p ]q¿Æ-]-Xn- ew Inń-t∏mbn'' (a-Ømbn

6:2, 5; tbml. 14:43) F∂m-Wv. a\p-jys‚ i≤ ]nSn-

®p-]-‰p-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n-bmWv Ah-cpsS aX-I¿Ω-ß-

sf√mw sNbvX-Xv. Ah¿ tXSnb ]Xn- ew Ah¿°p

Inń, ]t£- ssZ-h-Øn¬ \n∂p bmsXm∂pw In´p-I-

bn-√. i≤n-°p-tºmƒ amXw hniz-kvX-cm-bn-°m-W-s∏-

Sp∂ Nne InkvXym-\n-I-sf-t∏m-se-bm-W-h¿, AYhm

a‰p-≈-h¿ I≠n´p ]iw-kn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n amXw

ITn-\m-≤zm\w sNøp-∂-h-cm-W-h¿˛ ssZh-tØmSv

Ah¿°p Imcy-amb kvt\l-sam-∂p-an-√. ]hr-Øn-°m-

\mbn hnizm-knb \bn® B¥-cn-Im-flm-hn¬ i≤

tIµo -I -cn -®mWp \ymb-hn[n \S-Øp-∂Xv

(1 sImcn. 4:5).

F. `mhn -]-Xn- -e-ß-fpsS ]IrXw

InkvXp-hns‚ \ymbm-k\w ]Xn- -e-sØtbm ]Xn-

^-e-\-jvS-sØtbm Imcy-am-°p-∂p-sh∂v Hcmƒ°v

Du∂n-∏-d-bm-\m-hn-√. AXp c£tbm kz¿§-]-th-itam

hy‡n-]-c-amb ]m]-ßtfm A√. ssZhw sImSp-°p∂

]Xn- -e-Øns‚ ]Ir-X-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ F√m°mcy-

ßfpw ssZhw ]d-™n-ń-√, F∂m¬ Nne ][m\

hkvXp-X-Iƒ \ap-°-dn-bmw.

1. ]Xn- -e-ß-fpsS Xe-ßƒ

ssZh-Øns‚ D∂-X-amb Ir]-bn¬ Ah≥ Hmtcm

hnizm-kn-bp-sSbpw Pohn-X-Øn¬ ]iw-kbv°p tbmKy-

ambXp ImWpw ( 1 sImcn. 4:5). F∂m-epw,


445

I¿Ømhns‚ D]-a-I-fn¬ HscÆw t\cn- -√msX ]Tn-

∏n-°p-∂Xv ssZh-Zm-k-∑m-cpsS ]Xn- -e-ß-fn¬ G‰-

°p-dn-®n-ep-Iƒ Ds≠-∂mWv (eq-t°m. 19:11˛19).

2. ]p\-cp-∞m-\-i-co-c-Øns‚ tXP v

Zm\o. 12:3; aØmbn 13:43; tdma¿ 8:16˛17; ^nen. 3:21;

sImsem. 3:4; XpSßn a‰-\-h[n hmIy-ßƒ (1

]sXmkv 4:13; 5:1, 10) kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xp hnizm-kn-

Iƒ°p InkvXp-hns‚ tXP- ns‚ ]¶mb icocw (tX-

P-kv°-cn-°-s∏´ ico-cw) e`n-°p-sa-∂m-Wv. ]p\-cp-

∞m\ico-c-sØ-°p-dn®p ]utemkv hnh-cn-°p-tºmƒ

(1 sImcn. 15:41˛42) hnizm-kn-I-fpsS ]p\-cp-∞m-\-i-

cocw hnhn[ Xc-Øn-ep-≈-Xm-sW∂p ImWmw.

Hcmƒ°p kqcys‚ tXP- v, thsdm-cmƒ°p Nµs‚

tXP- v, a‰p Nne¿°p \£-X-ß-fpsS tXP v; \£-

Xhpw \£-Xhpw XΩn¬ tXP- p-sIm≠v t`Zw D≠

t√m. acn-®-h-cpsS ]p\-cp-∞m-\hpw A∆Æw Xs∂.''

Cu thZ- m-K-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬, hyXy-kvX-amb

tXP-kv°-c-W-amWp hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p e`n-°p-I-sb∂p

]e thtZm-]-tZ-jvSm-°fpw ]d-bp-∂p. F√m-hcpw tXP-

kv°-cn-°-s∏Spw. ]t£ Nne¿°p IqSp-X-embn ssZh-

sØ al-Xz-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn\pw kvXpXn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-ap≈

Ign-hp-≠m-Ipw. Nne¿°p a‰p-f-f-hsc-°mƒ IqSp-X¬

tim -bp≈ ]p\-cp-∞m-\-i-co-c-ßƒ e`n-°pw. ssZhw

a\p-jys\ krjvSn-®Xv Ahs\ al-Xz-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-

\m-bn-cns° (1 ]sXm. 2:9; shfn. 4:11), ssZhsØ

kvXpXn-°p-hmt\m al-Xz-s∏-Sp-Øp-hmt\m D≈ h¿≤-

am-\-amb Hcp Ignhpw Ahs‚ alXzw (tX-P- v) kzi-

co-c-Øn¬ ]Xn- -en-∏n-°m-\p≈ tijnbpw BK-ln-

°Ø° ]Xn- -e-amWv (2 sImcn. 3:18).

3. tkh-\-Øn-s‚bpw A[n-Im-c-Øn-s‚bpw ÿm\-

ßƒ

k`m-ÿm-]-I-cmb At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-tcmSp InkvXp ]d-

™Xv Ah¿ knwlm-k-\-ß-fn¬ Ccp-∂p-sIm≠p

bnkm-tb¬ tKmX-ßsf ]¥-≠n-s\bpw \ymbw

hn[n-°p-sa-∂m-Wv hcm≥ t]mIp∂ cmPy-Øn¬ (a-

Ømbn 19:28). cmPy-Øns‚ `cWw At∏m-kvX-e-

∑m¿°p amXambn hN\w ]cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- n-√.

.. kln-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬, \mw IqsS hmgpw

(2 Xnsam. 2:12).

""Xs‚ ]nXm-hmb ssZh-Øn\p \sΩ cmPyhpw

]ptcm-ln-X-∑mcpw B°n-Øo¿Ø-h-\p-am-b-h-\v...

(sh-fn. 1:6).

""Rß-fpsS ssZh-Øn\v Ahsc cmPyhpw

]ptcm-ln-X-∑mcpw B°n-h®p; Ah¿ `qan-bn¬

hmgp∂p (sh-fn. 5:10).

""... Ah¿ Pohn®v Bbn-c-am≠p InkvXp-hn-t\m-

Sp-IqsS hmWp... H∂m-asØ ]p\-cp-∞m-\-Øn¬

]¶p-≈-h≥ `mKy-hm\pw hnip-≤\pw BIp∂p;

Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ c≠mw ac-W-Øn\v A[n-Im-c-

an√. Ah¿ ssZh-Øn\pw InkvXp-hn\pw ]ptcm-

ln-X-∑m-cmbn InkvXp-hn-t\m-Sp-IqsS Bbncw

B≠p hmgpw'' (sh-fn. 20:4, 6).

eqt°m. 19:11˛¬, cmPXzw ]m]n®p aS-ßn-h∂ Ipeo-

\-\mb a\p-jy≥ Ahs‚ Zmk-∑m-cn¬ Hcp-Ø\p

""]Øp ]´-W-ß-fp-sS-ta¬'' (hm. 17). as‰mcpØ\p

A©p ]´Wßfnt∑epw A[nImcw \¬Ip∂p(hm.

19). kl-km-_vZ-Øn-epw, Hcp-]t£ \nXy-X-bnepw

hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p hyXykvX ÿm\-ßƒ ssZhw

\¬Ip-sa∂p ]d-™p-sIm≠p Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-∂-

XmWp \√-Xv. h¿≤n-°p∂ ÿm\-ßfpw h¿≤n-°p∂

ipiq-j-Ifpw Hcp `mc-am-bn´p ImWmsX _lp-a-Xn-

bm-bn´p ImW-Ww.

4. Inco-S-ßƒ

hnhn[ Inco-S-ßƒ ]Xn- -e-ambn hN\w hmKvZØw

sNøp-∂p-≠v. 24 aq∏-∑m-cpsS Inco-S-ßƒ (sh-fn. 4)

ssZhhN\Øn¬ \¬Inbnń√mØ ]Xnêßsf

Bew¶mcnIambn ]Xnên®ncn°p∂XmWv

IncoSßƒ. Ch FSp-Øp-]-d-bmØ ]Xn- -e-ßfpw

hne-bp-≈Xpw it≤-b-hp-am-Wv. Hcp cmPm-hns‚ Inco-

S-a√ AXv. adn®p hnP-bn® Hcp Hm -°m-c\p kΩm-\n-

°p∂ ]pjv]-In-co-S-am-bn- mWv AXp ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂Xv

(kvsX- m-t\mkv F∂ ]Zw). kz¿§-Ønse \nXy-X-

bn¬ ]®-°n-co-S-ß-fmtWm hnizm-kn-Iƒ [cn-°p-∂Xv?

Ch Ae-¶m-c-`m-j-bn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂mWv

ImWp-∂-Xv. B£-cn-I-amb ""]pjv]-NI''tam ""Inco-

Stam'' XΩn-ep≈ sshcp-≤y-amWp 1 sImcn. 9:25 FSp-

Øp-Im- p-∂-Xv. 1 sX . 2:19, 20 AXns‚ hy‡-amb

sXfnhp \¬Ip-∂p-≠v. thZ]p-kvX-I-Ønse Inco-S-

ßƒ Be-¶m-cn-I-am-Wv. sX -tem-\n-Iy-bnse hnizm-

kn-Iƒ Xs∂-bmWv ]utem-kns‚ Inco-S-ßƒ

(^n-en. 4:1).

\ΩpsS I¿Øm-hmb ssZh-Øns‚ apºmsI

Ahs‚ ]Xy-£-X-bn-¶¬ Rß-fpsS Bi-

btam kt¥mjtam ]iwkmInco-Stam Bcm-

Ip∂p? \nßfpw A√tbm? Rß-fpsS

al-Xzhpw kt¥m-jhpw \nßƒ Xs∂

(1 sX . 2:19, 20).

1 sX . 2: 19 se ""IncoSw'' XnI®pw Be-¶m-cn-I-amWv.

a‰p-≈-hbpw Ae-¶mc-]-tbm-K-ß-fm-sW-∂p-≈-Xn\v

CXp ]n¥pW \¬Ip-∂p. InkvXp-hns‚ \ybm-k-\


446

Øn-¶¬ ssZhw hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p \¬Ip∂ hnP-bw,

]Xn- -ew, _lp-aXn F∂n-h-sb-bmWv Ah Ipdn-°p-

∂-Xv. CXn-ep-]-cn-bm-bp≈ Hcp IrXyX _p≤n-ap- m-Wv.

hnizm-kn-Iƒ ]Xn-^-esØ AXy-[n-I-ambn i≤n-

°msX Ah-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-ßƒ i≤n-°-W-sa∂p

ssZhw BK-ln-°p∂p (]-tXy-In®v Ah-cpsS lrZ-

b-Øns‚ KpW-hn-ti-jw). InkvXp-hns\ kvt\ln-°p-

Ibpw Ah\p am\w Itc-‰p∂ ]hr-Øn-Iƒ sNøp-I-

sb-∂-Xp-amWv \ΩpsS apJy-e-£yw. ]Xn- ew F¥m-

bmepw AXv BI-kvan-Ihpw c≠mw InS-bp-am-Wv.

ssZhsØ ]km-Zn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-ep≈ Bg-amb kwXr-

]vXnbpw Ah\p alXzw Itc-‰p∂ kw`mh-\-I-fp-

amWp ][m-\w. AXp-sIm-≠v, hcm≥ t]mIp∂ ]Xn-

-e-sØ-°p-dn®v A[nIw hnNm-c-s∏-Sm-sX, ssZhsØ

]km-Zn-∏n-°p∂Xv F¥msW∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v A[nIw

Nn¥n-°pI: A®-S-°w, ka¿∏-Ww, Bfl-\n-b-¥Ww

F∂n-h-bv°m-bp≈ hmSmØ Inco-Sw, kphn-ti-jo-I-

c-W-Øn-\p≈ kt¥m-j-In-coSw; Ahs‚ ]Xy-£-X-

bn¬ ]nbw h®v Ahs\ kvt\ln-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ \oXn-

bpsS IncoSw (tem-IsØ kvt\ln-°m-sX); ]co£

kln-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Poh-In-coSw; hniz-kvX-cmb t\Xm-

°-∑m¿°p≈ tXP- ns‚ IncoSw (In-coSw tXP- -m-

cn-°p-sa-∂¿∞w).

5. ]Xn- -e-\jvSw/ e÷

ka¿∏nXlrZ-b-tØmsS sNbvX -]-hr-Øn°p tXP-

ns‚ D∂-X-X-e-am-Ip∂ ]Xn- ew ssZhw \¬Ipw˛

cmPy-Øns‚ h¿≤n® A[n-Im-chpw Inco-S-ß-tfm-Sp-

Iq-Sn. \ymbm-k-\-Øn¬ \n∂v Cß-s\-sbmcp km≤y-

X-Iq-Sn-bp-≠v. e÷bpw ]Xn-^-e-\-jvShpw. F√m

hnizm-kn-Iƒ°pw c£ In´pw (1 sImcn. 3:15). GsX-

¶n-ep-sam-c-f-hn¬ F√m hnizm-kn-Iƒ°pw tXP-kv°-

cWw In´pw ( 1 sImcn. 15:51). InkvXp-hns‚ \ymb-hn-

[n-bn¬ Hmtcm hnizm-kn°pw Fs¥-¶nepw ]pIgvN

In´pw ( 1 sImcn. 4:5). F∂m-epw, InkvXp-hns‚ \ymb

hn-[n-bn¬ Nne-cpsS ]hr-Øn-Iƒ ""sh¥p-t]m-Ip-∂Xv''

Ah¿ Xs∂ ImWpw. e÷bv°pw ]Xn- -e\jvS\-

Øn\pw km≤y-X-bp-s≠∂p hN\w ]d-bp-∂p.

C\nbpw Ip™p-ß-tf, Ah≥ ]Xy-£-\m-Ip-

tºmƒ \mw Ahs‚ k∂n-[n-bn¬ e÷n-®p-

t]m-ImsX Ahs‚ ]Xy-£-X-bn¬ \ap°p

ss[cyw D≠m-tI-≠-Xn\p ( 1 tbml. 2:28).

Xmgva `mhn-°p-∂-Xnepw ZqX-∑msc Bcm-[n-°p-

∂-Xnepw ckn-®v... Bcpw \nßsf hncpXp

(prize) sX‰n-°-cpXv (sIm-sem. 2:18).

Rß-fpsS ]b-Xv\-êw If-bmsX ]q¿Æ-

]-Xn-êw ]m]n-t°-≠-Xn\p kq£n-®p-

sImƒhn≥ (2 tbml. 8).

""Rm≥ thKw hcp-∂p; \ns‚ IncoSw Bcpw

FSp-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ \n\-°p-≈Xp ]nSn-®p-sIm-

≈pI'' (sh-fn. 3:11).

G. `mhn-hn-e-bn-cp-Øepw h¿Ø-am-\-Ime a’-chpw

hnizm-kn-bpsS `mhn \ymb-hn-[nbpw hnizm-kn-I-fpsS

CS-bnse Ct∏m-gsØ a’-chpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘-

sØ-°p-dn®v Hcp hm°p ]d-b-Ww. `mhn ]Xn- -e-ß-

sf-∏‰n ssZhw \sΩ H∂pw ]Tn-∏n-®n-√. Aßs\ \ap-

°n-S-bn¬ Ct∏mƒ a’-c-Øn\p ckn°m≥ Ign-™p.

as‰m-cmƒ ssZhsØ am\n-°p-∂-Xn¬ Db-cp-tºmƒ

\ap°v kt¥m-j-ap -≠m-Ip -∂-XmWp bYm¿∞

InkvXp-kvt\-l-Øn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. kzbw

hne-bn-cp-Ø¬ InkvXobPohn-X-Øns‚ Hcp `mK-am-

bn-cn -s°, InkvXym-\n-I-fpsSbnS-bnse a’cw

ssZhsØ ]km-Zn-∏n-°p-∂n-√, B ]hrØn \nb-am-

\p-kr-X-am-sW-¶n¬t∏mepw.

BI-bm¬ hf-cp-am-dm-°p∂ ssZh-a-√msX \Sp-

∂-h\pw \\-bv°p-∂-h\pw GXp-an-√. \Sp-∂-

h\pw \\-bv°p -∂-h\pw Hcp -t]mse

( 1 sImcn. 3:7, 8).

...-A-h¿ Xß-fm¬ Xs∂ Xßsf Af-°p-Ibpw

Xß-tfm-Sp -Xs∂ Xßsf D]-an -°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂XpsIm≠p Xncn -® -dn -hp -≈-h-c√

(2 sImcn. 10:12).

Hmtcm-cp-Ø≥ Xm¥ms‚ ]hrØn tim[\

sNøs´; F∂m¬ Ah≥ Xs‚ ]iwk as‰m-

cp-Øs\ ImWn-°msX X∂n¬Øs∂ AS-°n-

hbv°pw (K-em. 6:4).

a’-chpw Xmc-X-ayhpw \nK-f-Øn-te°pw Akq-b-bn-

te°pw a‰p-≈-h-cpsS Ign-hp-Iƒ Zpcm-K-ln-°p-∂-Xn-

te°pw Ibv]n-te°pw (ssZ-h-tØm-Sp≈ Ibv]n-

te°pt]mepw) \bn-°p-∂p. kz¥w ]b-Xv\-ßsf

kz¥w tijn-bp-ambn Xń®p-t\m-°p-∂Xpw Ign™-

Im-esØ ]I-S-\-ß-fp-ambn Ct∏m-gsØ ]ptcm-KXn

Af-°p-∂Xpw kzbw hne-bn-cp-Ø-en\v G‰hpw

\s√mcp coXn-bm-Wv.

H. \ymbm-k-\-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ \√Xpw NoØbp-amb

t]cW.

Ct∏m-gsØ A≤zm-\-Øn-\p≈ \√Xpw NoØ-bp-amb

t]m’m-l-\-amWp hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p hcm≥ t]mIp∂

\ymb-hn-[n-bn-ep-≈-Xv. \ntj[mflIambn e÷-

bv°p≈ km≤yX Hgn-hm-°m≥ InkvXym-\n-Iƒ


447

BKln-t°≠XmWv. C∂p \mw hniz-kvX-X-tbmsS

ipiqj sNbvXm¬, A∂p \mw kt¥m-jn-°p-∂-

XmWp \√ Imcyw. Hcp-ßmØ hnZym¿∞n ]co-£sb

`b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xp-t]m-sebpw Hcpßnb Bƒ kt¥m-

jn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bp-am-W-Xv. AXp-t]mseXs∂-bm-

bn-cn°pw InkvXp-hns‚ \ymbm-k-\w Ct∏mgsØ

hniz-kvX-sb-bpw Hcp-°-sØbpw Bi-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂-

Xv. ipiq-j-bv°p≈ \√Xpw NoØ-bp-amb t]m’m-

l\w \¬Ip-∂-XmWv hcm≥ t]mIp∂ \ymhn-[n-

sb∂p ]utemkv ho£n-®p.

AXp-sIm≠p ico-c-Øn¬ hkn-®mepw icocw

hn´mepw Rßƒ Ahs\ ]km-Zn-∏n-°p-∂h¿

BIp-hm≥ A`n-am-\n-°p-∂p. Ah-\-h≥ ico-c-

Øn¬ Ccn-°p-tºmƒ sNbvXXp \√-Xm-Inepw

Xob-Xm-Inepw AXn\p X°-hÆw ]m]n-t°-

≠-Xn\p \mw F√m-hcpw InkvXp-hns‚ \ymbm-

k-\-Øn\p apºmsI shfn-s∏-tS-≠-Xp-am-Ip∂p;

BI-bm¬ I¿Øm-hns\ `b-s∏-SWw

F∂dn™n´p Rßƒ a\p-jysc kΩ-Xn-∏n-

°p∂p (2 sImcn. 5:9˛11).

Rm≥ \√-t]m¿ s]mcp-Xn, Hm´w XnI-®p,

hnizmkw ImØp. C\n \oXn-bpsS IncoSw

F\n-°mbn h®n-cn-°p∂p; AXp \oXn-bp≈

\ymbm-[n-]-Xn-bmb I¿Ømhv B Znh-k-Øn¬

F\n°p \¬Ipw; F\n°p amX-a√; Ahs‚

]Xy-£-X-bn¬ ]nbw -h® Gh¿°pw IqsS

( 2 Xn-sam. 4:7˛8).

X. Ip™m-Sns‚ Ieym-W-kZy

A. apJ-hpc

Hcp blq-Z-hn-hm-l-Øn\p aq∂p -]-[m-\-X-e-ß-fp-≠v.

hnhml\n›bw˛AXp -]p-cp-j-s\bpw kvXosbbpw

`mcym ¿Øm-°-∑m-cmbn°mWp-∂p. Hcp \n›bw Hgn-

bm≥ Hu]-Nm-cn-I-ambn hnhm-l-tam-N\w th≠n h∂p

(a-Øm. 1:18- 19 ImWp-I). H∂m-asØ Bi-b-Øn¬,

k` InkvXp-hn‚ aW-hm- n-bm-Wv. Ahsf InkvXp-

hn\p hnhm-l-\n-›bw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. ]t£

bYm¿∞ hnhmlw CXp-hsc \S-∂n- n√ (tbm-l. 3:

29; tdma. 7:3˛4; Fs^. 5:22; shfn. 19:7; 21:2, 9. k -

bpsS hmk-ÿ-e-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ ]pXnb sbcqi tew

InkvXp-hns‚ aW-hm- n-bm-Wv, shfn. 22:17).

Rm≥ \nßsf°pdn®v ssZhØns‚ Fcnthm

sS Fcnbp∂p, Rm≥ InkvXp F∂ GI]pcp

j\p \nßsf \n¿ΩeI\yIbmbn Gev]n

°m≥ hnhml\n›bw sNbvXncn°p∂p

(2 sImcn 11:2).

hmKvZØw sNbvX `mhn_‘Øns‚ Hcp apZbmbn

]cnip≤mflmhns\ ho£n°mw. Ah≥ Hcp

hnhml\n›btamXncw t]msebmWv(2 sImcn. 1:22;

5:5; Fs^ 1:14) -(""A®mcw'' AYhm ]Xn⁄

B[p\nI Ko°p]ZØns‚ A¿∞w ""hnhml\n›b

tamXncw'' F∂XmWv).

hnhmlØns‚ c≠masØ Xew, hc≥ h[phns\bpw

Iqń Xs‚ h\Ønte°p HutZymKnIambn hnhmlw

\SØp∂Xn\mbn PmYbmbn t]mIp∂XmWv. CXn\v

DZv]m]WtØmSv _‘ap≠v. CXn¬ InkvXph∂v

Xs‚ h[phpambn kz¿§ob`h\Ønte°p bYm¿∞

hnhmlØn\mbn t]mIp∂p. InkvXphns‚ \ymbmk

\Øn\ptijw Ip™mSns‚ IeymWhpw kz¿§Øn

se k`bpw F∂XmWv \√ Iaw. ""hnip≤∑mcpsS

\oXn]hrØnIƒ'' (Ko°n¬ \oXn _lp hN\am

Wv). F∂mWv aWhmńbpsS hkvXß sf∏‰n shfn.

19:8¬ ImWp∂Xv. sh≈hkvX [mcnWnbmb

aWhmńsbbmWv Nq≠n°m´p∂Xv. CXv AhfpsS

\oXn]hrØnIfmWv, AXp t\csØXs∂

\ymbmk\Øn¬ hnebncpØs∏´pIgn™p.

hnhmlØns‚ aq∂masØ Xew hncp∂v, AYhm

AØmgamWv, hnhmlw kz¿§Ønepw (`qanbnse

atlmZhImebfhn¬) hnhmlkZy atlmZh

Øn\ptijhpw `qanbnepw \S°p∂psh∂v Nne

]hN\]TnXm°ƒ th¿Xncn°p∂p. InkvXphns‚

c≠mw BKa\Øn\p apºv hnhmlhpw hnhmlhncp

∂pw kz¿§Øn¬ \S°psa∂mWv a‰p≈hcpsS Nn¥.

samØw ssZhimkvXtØmSp≈ _‘Øn¬ Cu

tbmPn∏n√mbva Hcp henb ]iv\a√ ]t£

IeymWÿew, kabw, hnhmlhncp∂ns‚ kz`mhw

F∂nhsb°dn®p≈ ]T\sØ CXv Imcyambn

_m[n°p∂p≠v. AXv `qanbnemtWm, AtXm

kz¿§ØnemtWm? AXp atlm]ZhImeb

fhnemtWm AtXm cmPyØns‚ Bcw`ØnemtWm

\S°pI? kz¿§Øn¬ InkvXphnt\mSpIqsS bp≈

Iq´mbvabv°p Np‰pap≈ HcmtLmjw Xs∂bmtWm

AXv, AtXm Ahkm\w cmPmhp `qanbn¬

hmgptºmgsØ BtLmjamtWm?

B. kz¿§Ønse hnhmlØns‚bpw `qanbnse

hnhmlkZybpsSbpw sXfnhv.

Ip™mSns‚ kZysb°pdn®p≈ an° thZ`mKßfpw

c≠p coXnbn¬ hniZoIcn°msa¶nepw InkvXp

hns‚ hnhmlhpw kz¿§Ønse k`bpw `qanbn¬

\S°p∂ IeymWkZybpw c≠mw BKa\Øn\p

tijamWp kw`hn°p∂sX∂p th¿Xncn°p∂XmWv

\√Xv. Bbncw h¿jw apgph≥ BtLmjn°p∂

H∂mbncn°mw IeymWkZy.


448

ssk\yßfpsS btlmh Cu ]¿∆XØn¬

kIePmXnIƒ°pw arjvSt`mP\ßƒ

sIm≠pw a´qdnb ho™psIm≠pw Hcp hncp∂p

Ign°pw(sbi. 25:6).

""ssZhcmPyw hcpthmfw Rm≥ ap¥ncn

h≈nbpsS A\p`hw C∂papX¬ IpSn°pI

bn√ F∂p Rm≥ \nßtfmSv ]dbp∂p.''

(eqt°mkv 22:18).

InkvXp aWhmf\pw k` aWhmńbpamsW¶n¬,

bYm¿∞ ]¶mfnIfm√Øhscbpw Hcp hnhml

hncp∂n¬ AXnYnIfmbn ]Xo£n°mw. ]Øp I\y

IamcpsS D]abnse s]ÏpńIƒ bnkmtbens\

]Xn\n[oIcn°p∂sX∂XmWv G‰hpw \√

hymJym\w(aØmbn 25:1). hmkvXhØn¬, tbml 3:29,

tbml∂m≥ kv\m]I≥ aWhmfs‚ kvt\lnX\mb

blqZs\t∏msebmWv. InkvXphns‚bpw k`bpsS

bpw hnhmlhncp∂n¬ bnkmtb¬ ]s¶SpØm¬,

atlmhZ]Øn\ptijw ]gb\nbahnip≤∑m¿

Dbn¿sØgpt∂¬°p∂Xn\m¬(sbi.26:19; Zm\o.

12:1˛2; sbsl. 37:12˛13) kZybpsS ÿew `qanbm

sW∂v ÿm]n°p∂XmWv \√Xv.

Ip™mSns‚ IeymWw kz¿§Ønembncn°ptºmƒ

Øs∂ IeymWkZy qanbnemsW∂mWv an° D]a

Ifn¬\n∂pw Kln°p∂Xv. aI\pth≠n IeymW

kZy Hcp°nb Hcp cmPhns\°pdn®v aØmbn 22:13˛¬

hmbn°p∂p. Hcp°w Xo¿®bmbpw `qanbnemWv £

Wn°s∏´ Nne¿ h∂n√. InkvXphns‚ H∂masØ

hchn¬ bnkmtb¬ Aht\mSv s]cpamdnbXmsW

∂p hmZnt®°msa¶nepw, ""G‰hpw ]pdØp≈ Ccp

´pw,'' ""Ic®nepw ]√pISnbpw F∂o ]tbmKßƒ

A¥yImeimkvXkw_‘nbmbn°mWs∏Sp∂p.

""kz¿§cmPyw Xs‚ ]pX\pth≠n IeymkZy

Ign® Hcp cmPmhnt\mSp kZriw. Ah≥

IeymWØn\p £Wn®hsc hnfnt°≠Xn\p

Zmk∑msc ]d™b®p. Ah¿t°m hcphm≥

a\ mbn√. ]ns∂bpw Ah≥ a‰p Zmk∑msc

Ab®p. Fs‚ apØmgw Hcp°nØo¿∂p,

Fs‚ ImfIsfbpw XSn∏n® arKßsfbpw

AdpØp, F√mw Hcpßnbncn°p∂p;

IeymWØn\p hcphn≥ F∂p £Wn®htcmSv

]dbn®p. Ah¿ AXv Iq´m°msX HcpØ≥

Xs‚ \neØnte°pw as‰mcpØ≥ Xs‚

hym]mcØn\pw s]mbv°f™p. tijap≈h¿

Ahs‚ Zmk∑msc ]nSn®v A]am\n®p

sIm∂pIf™p.cmPmhv tIm]n®p ssk\y

ßsf Ab®v B sIme]mXI∑msc apSn®v

AhcpsS ]´Ww Np´pIf™p. ]ns∂ Ah≥

Zmk∑mtcmSv: IeymWw Hcpßnbncn°p∂p;

£Wn°s∏´htcm tbmKycmbn√. BIbm¬

hgnØebv°¬ sN∂v ImWp∂hsc Hs°bpw

IeymWØn\p hnfn∏n≥ F∂p ]d™p. c≠p

Zmk∑m¿ s]cphgnIfn¬t]mbn, I≠

ZpjvS∑mscbpw \√hscbpsa√mw Iqńs°m

≠ph∂p; IeymWime hncp∂pImscs°m≠v

\nd™p. hncp∂pImsc t\m°phm≥ cmPmhv

AIØph∂t∏mƒ IeymWhkvXw [cn°m

Ø Hcp a\pjys\ AhnsS°≠p; kvt\lnXm,

\o IeymWhkvXan√msX ChnsS AIØp

h∂Xv Fßs\ F∂p tNmZn®p. F∂m¬

Ah\p hm°p apńt∏mbn. cmPmhv ipiqj°m

tcmSv: Chs\ ssIbpw Imepw sIń G‰hpw

]pdØp≈ Ccpń¬ X≈n°fbphn≥ F∂p

]d™p''(aØmbn 22:2˛13).

InkvXp BZyw h∂t∏mƒ Ahs\ XnckvIcn®

Xn\pa∏pdambn´p aØmbn 22:1 s‚ D]tZiw

IS∂t]mbm¬, c≠mw hchn\ptijw `qanbn¬

\S°p∂ IeymWkZy F∂ `mhn kw`hsØbpw

]cam¿in°p∂p≠v. atlm]ZhImebfhnse

""cmPyØns‚ kphntijw'' aqeamWp cmPysØ

AhXcn∏n°p∂sX∂Xnt\mSv Cu D]a \∂mbn

tbmPn°p∂p(aØmbn 24:14; shfn. 14:6). £Ww

XnckvIcn°p∂hscsb√mw hnhmlmtLmjØn¬

\n∂p ]pdØm°pw(bnkmtbens‚bpw PmXnIfp

sSbpw \ymbhn[nbm¬). IeymWkZy kz¿§Ønem

Wp \S°p∂sX¶n¬, £Ww \nckn°p∂hcpw

]pdØm°s∏´hcpw BcmWv? InkvXphns‚

`qanbnse cmPyØn¬ \n∂p≈ ]pdØm°¬ \mw

ImWptºmƒ c£n°s∏SmØ Nne¿ kz¿§Øn¬

\pg™pIbdpIbpw ]ns∂ ]pdØm°s∏SpIbpw

sNøpsa∂p hymJym\n°p∂p.

aØmbn 25:1˛¬ kz¿§Ønse hnhmlhpw `qanbnse

hnhmlhncp∂pw XΩnep≈ ]ISamb hyXykmw

ImWp∂p≠v. CXp Xo¿®bmbpw kz¿§cmPysØbpw

(hm.1) mhnsbbpw ]cam¿in°p∂XmWv(aØmbn 24,

25:31 apXembh). I¿Ømhns‚ hchns\°pdn®p≈

]cam¿iw Ahs‚ shfns∏S¬(atlmZ]Øns‚

HSphn¬) Dƒs∏Sp∂p (aØmbn 24:21: 29- 31). aØmbn

25:10˛¬, aWhmfs‚ aSßnhchn¬ qanbnse ""kZy''

hy‡ambn ÿm]n°p∂p.

""Ah¿ hmßphm≥ t]mbt∏mƒ aWhmf≥

h∂p; Hcpßnbncp∂h¿ Aht\mSpIqsS

IeymWkZybv°p sN∂p; hmXn¬ ASbv°p

Ibpw sNbvXp(aØmbn 25:10).


449

aWhmfs‚ aSßnhchn\ptijap≈ Hcp hnhmlhn

cp∂ns\bmWv ]Øp I\yIamcpsS D]a NnXoIcn

°p∂Xv. AXn\m¬ hnhmlkZy \S°p∂Xv atlmZ

]Øns‚ HSphnemsW∂p \n›bn°mw. bnkmtbey

cn¬ Hcpßnbncn°p∂h¿°p kzmKXap≠v.

A√mØh¿ ]pdØmIpw. kZy kz¿§ØnemsW¶n¬

AXn¬\n∂p \o°w sNøs∏Sp∂h¿ BcmWv? 18

eqt°mknse D]a(14:16- 24) hncp∂p \¬Ip∂ Hcp

a\pjys\°pdn®p≈XmWv. AXn\p £Wn®hcmcpw

h∂n√. F∂mepw AXn¬ ""IeymWkZy''sb∂ ]Zw

ImWp∂n√. Xs∂bpa√ cmPIpamc≥ hnhmlw

Ign°p∂Xns\°pdnt®m aWhmfs‚ aSßnhchn

s\°pdnt®m AXn¬ `mh\bn√. aØmbn 22:1˛13 s‚

IrXyamb Hcp kam¥camWv eqt°mkv 14:16˛24 F∂v

sXfnbn°p∂Xv ITn\amWv. F∂mepw CXv \¬Ip

tºmƒ InkvXphns‚ a\ nepw `mhn Xs∂bmbn

cp∂p. ]p\cp∞m\w sNbvX \oXnam∑m¿ °p≈ ]Xn

êsØ eqt°mkv 14:14 kqNn∏n°p∂p, hm 15 ""ssZh

cmPysØ°pdn®p≈ D]abmWv ImWn°p∂Xv.

""kZybpsS D]a'' `mhnkw`hßfmbn \mw ImWpI

bmsW¶n¬, AXp kz¥Xeapd InkvXphns\

X≈n°fbp∂Xns\bpw, ]ns∂bXp `qanbnse

kZysb°pdn®pw, IqSmsX `qanbn¬ \S°p∂ Ieym

WkZybpsS c≠mwXcw ]n≥XpW sb∂ \nebnepw

KWn°mw.

C. kz¿§Ønse, AYhm `qanbnse IeymW

kZybpambn s]mcpØap≈ thZ`mKßƒ

IeymWkZysb\∂Xns\ G‰hpa[nIw Bib°pg

∏Ønem°p∂Xp Kmtamk v(gamos) F∂ Ko°p

]ZamWv. "IeymW'sat∂m, "IeymWkZy' sbt∂m

CX ]cn`mjs∏SpØmw. kµ¿`w As√¶n¬

XpS¿∂p≈ hnhcWßfmWv Bibw hy‡am

°p∂Xv.

eqt°mkv 12:36 ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv, InkvXphns‚

aSßnhchn\papºp IeymWkZy kz¿§Øn¬

\S°p∂psh∂mWv(hm.40). IeymWkZybn¬

\n∂mWv Ah≥ `qanbnte°v hcp∂Xv.

""bPam\≥ IeymWØn\pt]mbn h∂p

apńbm¬ DSs\ hmXn¬ Xpd∂psImSpt°

≠Xn\v Ah≥ Ft∏mƒ aSßnhcpw F∂p

ImØp \n¬°p∂ BfpItfmSp \nßƒ

Xpeycmbncn∏n≥'' (eqt°mkv 12:36).

eqt°m. 12:36 c≠pcoXnbnep≈ hnh¿Ø\tØmSpw

tbmPn°pw-˛H∂pIn¬ IeymWkZy(NASB, NIV),As√ ¶n¬ IeymWw(KJV).

A[nIrX`mjm¥camWp \√Xv(KJV). AXns‚

hnh¿ØI¿°v, bPam\≥ IeymWØn¬\n∂p

(kz¿§Øn¬)aSßnh∂pIgn™p. Xs‚ Zmk∑mcp

ambn (bnkmtbey¿, hm. 36- 37) `qanbn¬ hncp∂p

Ign°p∂psh∂p Kln°m≥ Ign™p.

""IeymWkZybn¬ \n∂v'' F∂ hnh¿Ø\Øns‚

b¿∞w, IeymWkZybv°p tijw I¿Ømhv

`qanbnte°v aSßnhcp∂psh∂mWv. B ]ZØns‚

\ymbamb hnh¿Ø\hpw AXmWv. (as‰mcpth`mK

hpw \mw ]cntim[n°ptºmƒ, _lphN\cq]Ønep

≈ B hm°nt\mSv IqSpX¬ tbmPn∏ps≠∂p

ImWmw).19 F∂ncp∂mepw, aØmbn 25:10˛¬ aWhmf≥

IeymWkZybv°p aSßnhcp∂psh∂p ]Tn∏n°p

∂Xpw eqt°mkv 12:36 \ymbamb hnh¿Ø\tØmSv

tbmPn°p∂XpamIbm¬ A[nIrX`mjm¥mcamWp

\√Xv. kz¿§Ønse hnhmlØn\ptijw bPam\≥

Xs‚ Zmk∑m¿°p ≈ `qanbnse kZybv°p

aSßnhcp∂psh∂XmWp KJV hnh¿Ø\w.

""bPam\≥ IeymWØn\pt]mbnh∂p apń

bm¬ DSs\ hmXn¬ Xpd∂psImSpt°≠Xn\v

Ah≥ Ft∏mƒ aSßnhcpw F∂p ImØp \n

¬°p∂ BfpItfmSp \nßƒ Xpeycmbncn°p

hn≥. bPam\≥ hcpt∂cw DW¿∂ncn°p∂h

cmbn°mWp∂ Zmk∑m¿ `mKyhm∑m¿; Ah≥

AcsI´v Ahsc `£WØn\ncpØpIbpw

h∂v Ah¿°p ipiqj sNøpIbpw sNøp

sa∂p Rm≥ kXyambn \nßtfmSv ]dbp∂p....

\n\bmØ \mgnIbn¬ a\pjy]pX≥ hcp

∂XpsIm≠v \nßfpw Hcpßnbncn°phn≥''

(eqt°mkv 12:36- 37, 40).

18 \nXyamb `ZX AwKoIcn°p∂h¿°v, IeymWkZybn¬ \n∂p ]pdØmIp∂ I\yIam¿ InkvXym\nIfmsW∂p ImWphm≥ _p≤nap´mWv. B AXnYnIsfbnkmtbeysc∂p ImWp∂XmWv `wKn. Nne¿ c£n°s∏´hcpw Nne¿ c£n°s∏SmØhcpamWv. Ch c≠pwtbmPn°p∂Xv, `qan°mWv. kz¿§Øn\√. AXpsIm≠v]p\cp∞m\Øn\ptijamWv kz¿§Øn¬ IeymWw\S°p∂Xv. c≠mw BKa\Øn\ptijw `qanbn¬ sh®vIeymW kZybpw \S°p∂psh∂p IcpXp∂XmWv `wKn.


19 "Kmtamkv' F∂ Ko°p]ZØns‚ _lphN\cq]ws]mXpsh ""hnhmtLmjw'' F∂Xn\v D]tbmKn°p∂XmWv. F∂mepw aØmbn 22;8¬ GIhN\amWv,]t£ AXns‚ kµ¿`w Hcp kZybmWv. AtX \nL≠pXs∂ ]dbp∂Xv GIhN\hpw _lph N\hpw ]ckv]c]qcIßfmbn D]tbmKn°p∂psh∂mWv. ImWpI WalterBauer, The Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testamentand Other Early Christian Literature, translated by Wm.F. Arndt and F. Wilber Gingrich (Chicago, University ofChicago Press, 1975), p. 150.

450

eqt°mkv 12:35- se D]a, qanbnemWp IeymWkZy

\S°p∂psh∂Xns‚ sXfnh√. ]t£ aØmbn 22:1-

˛13, 25:1- 13; eqt°mkv 14:16- 24 te°v Hcmƒ Nm™m¬

Aßs\bp≈ Hcp \nKa\Ønte°p hnh¿Ø\w

sNøp∂XmWv \ymbw.

c≠mw BKa\Øn\ptijw Ip™mSns‚ IeymW

kZy kz¿§Øntem qanbntem Bbncn°psa∂XmWv

shfn. 19:7˛9 ¬ ImWp∂Xv.

""\mw kt¥mjn®v D√kn®v Ah\v alXzw

sImSp°pI; Ip™mSns‚ IeymWw h∂ph

t√m; Ahs‚ Im¥bpw Xs∂Øm≥ Hcp°nbn

cn°p∂p. Ahƒ°p ip≤hpw Zhpamb hnti

jhkvXw [cn°m≥ Ir] e`n®ncn°p∂p; B

hntijhkvXw hnip≤∑mcpsS \oXn]hrØn

Iƒ Xs∂. ]ns∂ Ah≥ Ft∂mSv: Ip™m

Sns‚ IeymWkZybv°p £Wn°s∏´h¿

`mKyhm∑m¿ F∂v FgpXpI F∂p ]d™p

(shfn. 19:7˛9).

Ip™mSns‚ IeymWw \S∂pIgn™p(hm.7). hm.

11˛se c≠mw BKa\sØ°pdn®p≈ N¿®bv°p

apºmWv Cu ]kvXmhw \S°p∂Xv. InkvXphns‚

aSßnhchn\p apºv bYm¿∞ hnhmlw kz¿§Øn¬

\S°p∂psh∂ tbmPn∏mWp an°hmdpw t]¿°p

≈Xv. k`bpsS \oXn]hrØnIƒs°√mw

\ymbhn[nbpw ]Xn^ehpw D≠mbn(hm.8). Cßs\

InkvXphns‚ bYm¿∞ hnhmlhpw kz¿§Ønse

k`bpw InkvXphns‚ \ymbmk\Øn\ptijhpw

c≠mw BKa\Øn\p apºmbpw \S°p∂p.

hnhmlØn\ptijamWp ""kZy''sb∂ ]Zw

tbml∂m≥ Iq´nt®¿°p∂Xv. kw`hØn¬

Ahy‡Xsbm∂pan√. kabØns‚ kqN\IfpsS

A`mhap≠v. IeymWØn\p £Wn°s∏´h¿

`mKyhm∑mcmsW∂mWv AhnsS∏dbp∂Xv. kz¿§

Øn¬ \S∂ kZysb°pdn®mtWm ChnsS∏d bp∂

Xv? AtXm 19:11˛¬ ]dbp∂ c≠mw BKa\Øn\p

tijap≈ IeymWkZy DSs\ BkzZn°m≥

t]mIp∂hsc°pdn®p≈ kz¿§ob hnfw_camtWm?

IeymWkZy kz¿§Øn¬ \S∂pIgn™psh∂ hm.9

FSpØp]dbp∂h¿ A\pKlw BkzZn®pIgn™p

sh∂mWv ]kvXmhn°p∂Xv. `qanbnemWv kZysb

∂p hmZn°p∂h¿, c≠mw BKa\Øn\ptijw

`qanbn¬ \S°m≥ t]mIp∂ hnfw_camWsX∂p

]dbp∂p. shfn. 19:7- 9 c≠n\pw tbmPn°p∂XmWv.

D. kz¿§Ønse hnhmlhpw `qanbnse hnhml

kZybpw XΩnep≈ hyXymkØns‚ \nKa\ßƒ

CXp XmcXtay\ ]iv\ambncns°, hnhmlw

kz¿§Ønepw kZy `qanbnepsa∂p ImWp∂XmWv

G‰hpw \√Xv. `qanbn¬ atlm]Zhw sImSnIpØn

hmgptºmgmWv InkvXphpw k`bpw XΩnep≈ hnhm

lw \S°p∂Xv. c≠mw BKa\Øn\ptijw, atlm

]ZhØn¬\n∂p cmPyØnte°p≈ am‰Øns‚ Hcp

`mKambn´mbncn°mw kZy \S°p∂Xv. atlm]Zh

Imebfhn¬ c£n°s∏SmsX c£s]´hcmWp

kZybv°p≈ £Ww \nckn®v cmPyØn¬ \n∂v

]pdØmIp∂Xv. bnkmtbens‚bpw PmXnIfpsSbpw

\ymbhn[nbnem Wv AXp \S°p∂Xv. a‰p≈h¿

alXzØn¬ ]thin°p∂Xv ImWptºmƒ AhcpsS

a\ n¬ Aev]w hyXymkap≠mtb°mw(aØmbn

25;34), ]t£ cmPmhv Ahsc ]pdØm°pw(aØmbn

25:41, 22:11˛14). atlm]ZhØn¬\n∂p c£n°s∏´p

""cmPyØns‚ kphtijw'' hnizkn®hsc (aØmbn

24:14) IeymWkZybnte°p kzoIcn°pw, AXn¬

1000 h¿jsØ HcmtLmjhpw ASßntb°mw.

XI. atlm]Zhw

DZv]m]WØn\ptijw(H∏w ]p\cp∞m\hpw)

\ymbhn[nbneqsSbpw Ip™mSns‚ IeymWØneq

sSbpw IS∂pt]mIp∂p(c≠mw BKa\Øn\ptij

ambncn°mw kZy). InkvXphpambp≈ klhmkw

k` BkzZn°ptºmƒ, `qanbn¬ atlm]ZhØns‚

`b¶camb sISpXnIfmbncn°pw. Cu ]oU\sØ

°pdn®p ][m\s∏´ ]e thZ`mKßfpw N¿®

sNøp∂p≠v(DZm. sbl. 38- 39; Zm\o. 9- 11; aØmbn

24- 25; 2 sX . 2; shfn. 6- 18). CsX√mw t\m°p∂Xv

Akm[yamWv. F∂m¬ ''atlm]ZhImebfhnse

][m\PmXobtemIi‡nIƒ'', ""FXn¿InkvXp'',

""atlm]ZhØnse bp≤ßƒ'', ''ssZhhpw hnip≤

∑mcpw atlm]ZhØn¬'' F∂nßs\ ][m\kXy

ßƒ Xcw Xncn®ncn°p∂p.

A. atlm]ZhImebfhnse ][m\ PmXob i‡nIƒ

atlm]ZhImebfhnse ][m\Ifn°m¿ BcmsW

∂mWp Xncn®dnbpIsbt∂ Cu `mKw sIm≠v

Dt±in°p∂p≈q. atlm]ZhIme bp≤ßfpsS Hcp

Imem\pIaw Xmsgs°mSp°p∂p.

1. DW¿Øs∏´ tdmw (]Øv cmPm°∑mcpsS Hcp

bqtdm]y≥ kJyw s]s´∂p tkz—m[n]XyØn

te°p Xncnbp∂p).

Atd_y≥ kmºØnIi‡nbpsS hf¿®,

DW¿Øs∏´ Hcp tdmamkmamPysa∂ BibsØ


451

If™n´v, shfn. 17˛18 se _m_ntemWns\

B£cnI_m_ntemWmbn FSp°p∂p≠v. Cu

hymJym\Øn\p KpWßfp≠v. ]t£ AXv

DW¿Øs∏´ tdmamkmamPysØ ]pd¥t≈≠p∂

Bhiyan√. DW¿Øs∏´ tdmw F∂ Bibw shfn.

17˛18 s\ Bibn®p≈X√.

a. Zm\otb¬ ]hN\Ønse (9:24˛27) 69˛mw

BgvNh´w tdmw Hcp temIi‡nsb∂ \nebnemWv

Ahkm\n°p∂Xv. CSbv°p≈ k`mbpKw

ImWmXncn°p∂Xn\m¬, 70˛mw BgvNh´Ønse Hcp

][m\i‡nsb∂ \nebn¬ tdmans\bpw \ap°v

]Xo£n°mw(aØmbn 24:15˛¬ atlm]ZhsØ

Xncn®dnbp∂Xpt]mse).

b. A`njn‡≥ ""tOZn°s∏´Xn\p'' (Iqin°s∏´

Xn\v)tijw hcm\ncn°p∂(ZpjvS) ]`phns‚

]S÷\w sbcqiteans\ \in∏n°psa∂p Zm\o. 9:26

ap∂dnbn∏v \¬Ip∂p. InkvXphns‚ acWØn\p

tijw tdmam°m¿ sbcqiteans\ \in∏n®p.

AXpsIm≠v hcphm\ncn°p∂(ZpjvS)]`p tdmans‚

t\XmhmWv. FXn¿InkvXp DW¿Øs∏´ tdmam

kmamPysØ \bn°pIbpw sNøpw(eqt°mkv 21:20-

˛Dw ImWpI AhnsS A¥yIme ÿnXnhntij

ßtfmSv kmayap≈ 70˛mw B≠nse sbcpiteans‚

\mihpw IqSn°e¿∂p ImWp∂p).

""Adp]Ønc≠v BgvNh´w Ign™n´v A`n

jn‡≥ tOZn°s∏Spw; X\n°pth≠n A√

Xm\pw; ]ns∂ hcphm\ncn°p∂ ]`phns‚

]S÷\w \KcsØbpw hnip≤aµncsØbpw

\in∏n°pw; Ahs‚ Ahkm\w Hcp

]fbtØmsS Bbncn°pw; Ahkm\tØmfw

bp≤ap≠mIpw; iq\yßfpw \n¿Æbn°

s∏ńcn°p∂p. Ah≥ Hcp BgvNh´tØ°p

]etcmSpw \nbasØ ITn\am°pw; BgvNh´

Øns‚ at≤y Ah≥ l\\bmKhpw t`mP\

bmKhpw \n¿Øem°n°fbpw; tæOXIfpsS

NndInt∑¬ iq\yam°p∂h≥ hcpw; \n¿Æ

bn°s∏ńcn°p∂ kam]vXntbmfw iq\yam°p

∂hs‚ ta¬ tIm]w sNmcnbpw''

(Zm\o. 9:26˛27).

c. InkvXp Xs‚ cmPyw ÿm]n°p∂Xn\v apºv

Fgpt∂¬°p∂ \mep PmXobtemIi‡nIsf°p

dn®mWp Zm\o. 2:36- 45 Dw 7:2˛14 Dw kwkmcn°p∂Xv.

BZysØ aq∂pt]sc _m_ntem¨(2:38),

tatZm˛]m¿ky(Zm\o. 5:28; 8:20; 11:2), Kokv(8:21; 11:2)

F∂p hnfn°p∂p. \mematØXp tdmw BWv.

H∂masØ hchn¬ InkvXp Xs‚ cmPyw

ÿm]n°m\mWp h∂sX∂Xp kn≤m¥]cambn

icnbmW.v \mematØXv H∂mw \q‰m≠n¬ InkvXp

\in∏nt°≠nbncp∂ tdmw BWv(Zm\o. 2:44- 45; 7:11-

˛14; 8:11, 23˛27). c≠mw hchn¬ InkvXp \in∏n°p∂

i‡nbpw tdmw BWv.

d. DW¿Øs∏´ tdmans‚ ]IrXw

(1). 10 cmPm°∑mcpsS Hcp kJyambmWp XpS°w.

10 Im¬hncepIfpsSbpw(Zm\o.2:41) 10 sImºpIfpsS

bpw(Zm\o. 7:7,20,24; shfn. 12:3; 13:1, 17:12) kmZriy

amWnXv. thZ]pkvXIØns‚ hniZoIcWw CXmWv:

""Cu cmPyØp\n∂p≈ ]Øp sImºpItfm

Fgpt∂¬°m\ncn°p∂ ]Øp cmPm°∑mcm

Ip∂p....'' (Zm\o. 7:24).

""\o I≠ ]Øp sImºp ]Øp cmPm°

∑m¿....'' (shfn. 17:12).

]Sn™md≥ bqtdm]y≥ kJysa∂ \nebnemWp

DW¿Øs∏´ tdmans\ km[mcW ImWp∂Xv.

]ucmWnI bqtdm]y≥ kmamPyw bqtdm∏n¬

tIµoIcn®Xn\memWXv. Cdm≥, Xp¿°n, en_nb

FtXym]y, an°hmdpw Ing°≥ bqtdm∏v F∂nh

atlm]ZhØn¬ djybpambn kJyap≠m°psa∂p

ImWp∂p(sbl. 38:5- 6 Xmsg t\m°pI).

(2). sNdnb sImºv (FXn¿InkvXp) ]Øn¬ aq∂p

cmPm°∑msc \in∏n®v GIm[n]XnbmIp∂p. aq∂v

cmPm°∑msc Ah≥ \o°nbXn\ptijw, ]Øp

cmPm°∑msc kma¥≥amcm°n Ah≥ kmamPyw

`cn°p∂Xmbn°mWp∂p.

""Rm≥ B sImºpIsf t\m°ns°m≠ncn°p

tºmƒ AhbpsS as‰mcp sNdnb sImºv

apf®ph∂p; AXn\m¬ apºnesØ sImºp

Ifn¬ aq∂p thtcmsS ]dn™pt]mbn; Cu

sImºn¬ a\pjys‚ IÆpt]mse IÆpw

hºp ]dbp∂ hmbpw D≠mbncp∂p.... Cu

cmPyØp\n∂p≈ ]Øp sImºpItfm

Fgpt∂¬°m\ncn°p∂ ]Øp cmPm°∑m

cmIp∂p; AhcpsStijw as‰mcpØ≥

Fgpt∂¬°pw; Ah≥ apºneØhtcmSp

hyXymkap≈h\mbn aq∂p cmPm°∑msc

hogn®pIfbpw''(Zm\o. 7:8,24)(7:20 Dw ImWpI).

""\o I≠ ]Øp sImºv ]Øp cmPm°∑m¿;

Ah¿ CXphsc cmPXzw ]m]n®nń√;

arKtØmSv H∂n®v Hcp \mgnI t\ctØ°p

cmPm°∑msct∏mep≈ A[nImcw ]m]n

°pw Xm\pw'' (shfn. 17:12- 13).


452

DW¿Øs∏´ tdman\pta¬ FXn¿InkvXp

k¿∆m[n]Xyw ]pe¿Øp∂ kabw \n›ban√.

F¶nepw `qan apgph≥ 3 1/2 h¿jsØ `cWImeØv

Ah≥ IogS°pw.

""hºpw ZqjWhpw kwkmcn°p∂ hmbv AXn

\v e`n®p; \mev]Ønc≠p amkw ]h¿Øn°m

≥ A[nImchpw e`n®p. AXp ssZhØns‚

\masØbpw Ahs‚ IqSmcsØbpw kz¿§

Øn¬ hkn°p∂hscbpw Zpjn°m≥ ssZh

ZqjWØn\mbn hmbv Xpd∂p. hnip≤∑mtcmSv

bp≤w sNbvXv Ahsc Pbn°m\pw AXn\v

A[nImcw e`n®p. kIe tKmXØnt∑epw

hwiØnt∑epw PmXntaepw A[nImchpw

e`n®p''(shfn. 13:5˛7).

Cu ZpjvS\mb cWm[nImcn BZysØ 3 1/2 h¿jw

bnkmtbens\ kwc£n°m\p≈ kam[m\°cm¿

D≠m°pw(Zm\o. 9:27) F∂mepw atlm]ZhØns‚

a≤yØn¬ Ah≥ Cu DSºSn ewLn°pIbpw

bnkmtbens\bpw(Zm\o.12:1; shfn. 12:1-˛6, 13˛17)

hnizmknIsfsbms°bpw(Zm\o. 7:21; shfn. 13:7)

]oUn∏n°m≥ XpSßpIbpw sNøpw.

A¥¿t±iobambp≈ ]e ""bp≤ßsfbpw bp≤ip

XnIsfbpw''(aØmbn 24:6) Ipdn®v atlm]ZhØns‚

BZy]IpXnbn¬ tIƒ°psa∂v Duln°p∂Xn¬

Ipg∏an√. ImcWw, c≠masØ ]IpXnbn¬ FXn¿

InkvXphns\ FXn¿°m≥ B¿°pw IgnbpIbn√

(atlm]Zhw, shfn. 13:4). temIØnt∑ep≈

ssZhnI\ymbhn[n \nanØhpw, bnkmtbens‚bpw

hnizmknIfpsSbpw ]oU\w \nanØhpw Ahkm\

]IpXn hfsc tamiambncn°pw.

2. Ing°p\n∂p≈ cmPm°∑m¿

shfn. 16:12 ""Ing°p\n∂p≈ cmPm°∑msc''

]cma¿in°p∂p. Cu kabØv temIw apgph≥

\nb¥n°p∂ FXn¿InkvXphpambn kJyØnem

bncn°p∂hcmsW∂Xp hy‡amWv(shfn. 13:7-˛8).

FXn¿InkvXphns\ klmbn°m\pw l¿sΩsKt±m

\n¬ I¿Ømhmb tbipInkvXphpambn bp≤w

sNøm\pambn hcp∂hcmWnh¿(]e ]T\ss__nfp

Ifnepw t]cpIfps≠¶nepw, shfn.9:13- ¬ ImWp∂

Ing°ns‚ ssk\yw Hcp ss]imNnI°qámbmWp

ImWp∂Xv. AXv hfsc kmZriy]cambs√¶n¬, hm.

17 Dw 19 Dw am\pjnIssk\ysØ°pdn®√ hnhcn°p

∂Xv, A≤ymbw 9s‚ BZy]IpXn \n›bambpw

]cnKWn°p∂Xv AKm[Iq]Øn¬\n∂p≈ `qXß

sfbmWv).

BdmaØh≥ Xs‚ Ieiw bq^ókv F∂

alm\Znbn¬ Hgn®p; Ing°p\n∂p hcp∂

cmPm°∑m¿°p hgn Hcptß≠Xn\v AXnse

sh≈w h‰nt∏mbn. almk¿∏Øns‚

hmbn¬\n∂pw arKØns‚ hmbn¬\n∂pw

Xhfsbt∏mse aq∂v Aip≤mflm°ƒ

]pds∏Sp∂Xp Rm≥ I≠p. Ch k¿∆

`qXeØnepap≈ cmPm°∑msc k¿∆i

‡\mb ssZhØns‚ almZnhkØnse

bp≤Øn\p Iqńt®¿°m≥ A¤pXßƒ

sNbvXpsIm≠v AhcpsS ASp°te°p

]pds∏Sp∂ `qXmflm°ƒ Xs∂...... Ah

Ahsc F_mb`mjbn¬ l¿ΩsKt±m≥

F∂p t]cp≈ ÿeØp Iqńt®¿Øp

(shfn. 16:12- 14,16).

3. tKmKpw amtKmKpw(djybpw kJy I£nIfpw)

amtKmKv tZisØ tKmKns‚ bnkmtb¬ BIaW

sØ°pdn®v sbsl.38˛39 ]Tn∏n°p∂p. shfn.20:28epw

Cu t]cpIƒ ImWp∂p≠v. BIaWsØ°pdn®p

]tXyIn®p ]Tn°pw. ""amtKmKp tZisØ'' tKmKns\

th¿Xncn®dnbpIsb∂XmWv Ct∏mgsØ Dt±iyw

(sbsl.38:2).

""btlmhbpsS Acpf∏mSv F\n°p≠mbsX

s¥∂m¬: a\pjy]pXm, tcmiv, tasi°v,

Xq_¬ F∂nhbpsS ]`phmbn amtKmKv tZi

Ønse tKmKns‚ t\tc \o apJw Xncn®v Ah

s\°pdn®p ]hNn®p ]dtb≠Xv; btlmhbm

b I¿Ømhv C]Imcw Acpfns®øp∂p; tcmiv,

tasi°v, Xq_¬ F∂nhbpsS ]`phmb

tKmtK, Rm≥ \n\°p hntcm[ambncn°p∂p.

Rm≥ \ns∂ hgnsX‰n®p \ns‚ XmSnsb√n¬

Nq≠¬ sImfpØn \ns∂bpw \ns‚ kIe

ssk\ysØbpw IpXncIsfbpw k¿∆mbp[w

[cn® kIe IpXnc∏SbmfnIsfbpw Hs´mgn

bmØ hmfpw ]cnNbpw ]eIbpw FSpØ Hcp

almkaqlsØbpw, AhtcmSpIqsS Hs´mgn

bmØ ]cnNbpw Xet°mcnIbpw [cn®

]m¿knIƒ, Iqiy¿, ]qXy¿, tKmsacpw Ahs‚

F√m ]S°q´ ßfpw F∂nßs\ ]e PmXnI

fpw \nt∂mSp IqsS ]pds∏Spamdm°pw''

(sbsl. 38:1˛6).

a. bnkmtbens‚ iXp hcp∂Xp ""hSs° A‰Øp''

\n∂msW∂p \nch[n ]mhiyw sbslkvt°¬

]dbp∂p≠v. Ct∏mƒ \mw ""djy''sb∂p hnfn°p∂

`mKamWp ]hmNIs‚ a\ nse∂v A\pam\n°m≥

aXnbmbXmWv CXv.


453

""tKmsacpw Ahs‚ F√m ]S°q´ßfpw

hSs° A‰Øp≈ tXmK¿ΩmKrlhpw

AXns‚ F√m ]S°q´ßfpw......\nt∂mSpIqsS

]pds∏Spamdm°pw''(sbsl. 38:6).

""......\ns‚ Zn°n¬ \n∂p hSs° A‰Øp\n

∂p Xs∂ hcpw'' (38:15).

""Rm≥ \ns∂ hgn sX‰n®p \n∂n¬ \qdnsem

∂p tijn∏n®p \ns∂ hSs° A‰Øp\n∂p

]pds∏Sphn®p bnkmtb¬ ]¿∆Xßfn¬

hcpØpw'' (39:2).

b. amtKmKv

amtKmKns‚ t\XmhmWv tKmKv. djy h≥i‡nbmIp

∂Xn\p FXtbm apºmWv amtKmKv djybmsW∂p

hN\w Xncn®dnbp∂Xv. Hcp _n´ojv _nj∏v 1710˛¬,

amtKmKv djybmsW∂p ]Tn∏n®Xmbn en≥Uvsk

kqNn∏n°p∂p≠v. 20

Icn¶Sen\p hS°p≈ ""iI≥''(Scythians)amcpambn

amtKmKns\ ]ucmWnItcJIƒ th¿Xncn®dnbp∂p;

AXmbXv B[p\nI djy(sImsem. 3:11 ImWpI).

blqZNcnXImc\mb tPmko^kv FgpXp∂p.

""X∂n¬ \n∂p≈hsc amtKmKy¿ F∂mWp amtKmKp

ÿm]n®ncn°p∂Xv, F∂m¬ Ko°pIm¿ Ahsc

knXnb∑m¿(iI∑m¿) F∂p hnfn®p.'' 21 (B‚nIzn

‰okv 1:6:1).

B[p\nI hymJymXm°ƒ, πn\n ]d™Xmbn

AhImis∏Sp∂Xv, ""knXnb∑m¿ ]nSn® lnbdm

s]menkv, ]n∂oSv amtKmKv F∂p hnfn°s∏´p.''

Ptdmans‚(A.D 345˛420)ImesØ blqZ∑m¿

amtKmKns\ knXnb∑mcpambmWp Xncn®dn™ncp∂

sX∂v At±lw ]dbp∂p. 22

knXnb∑mcmWv amtKmKv F∂p≈ Xncn®dnhpw ""hS

s° A‰Øp\n∂v'' F∂ hmNIhpw ""djy''bmsW∂

Xn\p(sbsl. 38- 39) ÿncoIcWw \¬Ip∂p.

c. tcmiv

""tcmins\ djybm°m\p≈ t]cWbps≠¶nepw B

F_mbhm°ns‚b¿∞w ""apJyw'' AYhm ""]Yaw''

F∂mWv˛ ""tcmiv lmj\m'' F∂Xnset∏mse

(""h¿jØnse BZyw'').... . . tasi°v, Xq_¬

F∂nhbpsS ]`phmb tKmKv F∂Xp icnbmb

`mjm¥camWv(sbsl.38:2). tasi°pw Xq_epw

H∂n®p ]e kµ¿`ßfnepw ]Xy£s∏Sp∂Xp Cu

efnXhnh¿Ø\Øn\p IqSpX¬ ]n≥XpW

\¬Ip∂p≠v(Dev]Øn. 10:2; 1 Zn\. 1:5; sbsl. 27:13;

32:26). sbsl. 38- 39˛¬ As√¶n¬ ""tcmiv, tasi°v,

Xq_¬'' F∂o aq∂p t]cpIƒ ImWs∏SpIbn√.

CenbUv XIII. 5-6 ¬, ]ucmWnI Ko°p]tbmKam

b ""tcmiv'' F∂Xv djysb Ipdn°p∂XmsW∂p

s^bv≥_¿Kv Is≠Øn, Hcp icnbmb t]cmbn AXv

Dev]Øn 46:21˛¬ ImWs∏Sp∂p.23 ]n¬°me

ss_kmss‚≥, Ad_n FgpØpIm¿ ""dpkv'' F∂

BfpIsf kqNn∏n°p∂Xmbpw At±lw ]dbp∂p.24

""tcmiv'' djybmsW∂Xn\p kwibsam∂pans√∂p

sPtk\nbkv F_mb \nL≠p \n¿∆Nn°p∂p. 25

F∂mepw, bnkmtben¬ \n∂√msX, Kokn¬\n∂p

sshIn 10˛mw \q‰m≠n¬ sXfnhp e`n°p∂Xn\m¬

AXp ""tcmin''s‚ km[mcW A¿∞w \ntj[n°m≥

aXnbmb sXfnh√. sbsl.38:2 se ""tcmiv'' F∂

F_mb]Zw ""]`p'' F∂p hnh¿Ø\w sNømw˛

tasi°ns‚bpw Xq_mens‚bpw ]`p. t]cn\p kmay

aps≠¶nepw djybpsS bmsXmcp ]cma¿ihpan√ .

sbsl. 38-˛39 -˛¬ djysb°pdn®p ]dbp∂Xp

""tcmip'' ambn Xpe\w sNbvX√.

d. tasi°pw Xq_mepw

s]s‚t°mÃpw en≥Uvskbpw ""tasi°n''s\

""tamkvt°m'' Bbn´mWp Xncn®dnbp∂Xv.26 F∂mepw

D®mcWØnep≈ kmayw Ch c≠pw H∂msW∂p

≈Xns‚ ASnÿm\a√. B ÿeßƒ C∂sØ

Xp¿°ntbm A¿ao\nbtbm BImsa∂p ]ucmWnI

tcJIƒ D≤cn®psIm≠v Ãm≥tU(¿)Uv Chm≥Pen

°¬ ss__nƒ F≥sskt¢m]oUnb ]dbp∂p. 27


20 Hal Lindsey, The Late Great Plant Earth reprint ed.(New York: Bantam Books, 1973), p. 54.21 Josephs, Complex Works, translated by WilliamWhiston, reprint ed. (Grand Rapids: Kregal Publications,1960), pp. 30-3122 Hal Lindsey, The Late Great Plant Earth, p. 53; andCharles L. Feinburg, The Prophecy of Ezekiel (Chicago:Moody Press, 1969), p. 220.

23 Ibid.24 Ibid.25 William Gesenius, Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon, translatedby Samuel Prideaux Tregrlles, reprint ed. (Grand Rapids: Wm.B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1976), p. 752.26 Lindsey, The Late Great Planet Earth, p. 53; Dwight Pentecost,Things to come. reprint ed. (Grand Rapids: ZondervanPublishing House, 1976), p. 328. Dr. Pentecost is quoting LouisBauman who in turn quotes William Gesenius. sPtk\nbkv\nL≠phnse bYm¿∞ D≤cWn I≠p]nSn°m≥FgpØpImc\p Ignbp∂n√(\nL≠p hns‚ t]. 516˛¬tasi°v ImWpI).27 Charles F. Pfeiffer, Howard F. Vos and John Rea, eds., WycliffeBible Encyclopedia, unabriged volume, (Chicago Moody Press,

454

s^bv≥_¿Kv Cu ÿeamWv AwKoIcn°p∂sX∂p

tXm∂p∂p, tasi°ns\bpw Xq_mens\bpw

tamkvt°mbpSp XmcXays∏SpØp∂n√.28 tasi°pw

Xq_mepw ]ucmWnI ^pKy/I∏tZmIy BImsa∂p

]dbp∂XmWp `wKn. CXv B[p\nI a≤y]q¿∆

Xp¿°nbpw A¿ao\nbbpamIm≥ km≤yXbp≠v.

Cu ]tZiw A¿ao\nbbmbncn°mw, djybpsS

kzm[o\ap≠mImw. ]t£, ""tasi°v'' tamkvt°m

bmIm≥ km≤yXbn√.

e. ]m¿ky, FtXym]y, ]qØv

sbsl. 38:5¬ ]d™ncn°p∂ amtKmKns‚ aq∂p

kJyI£nIfmWnh¿. ]m¿ky B[p\nI Cdm\mWv.

FtXym]ybpsS F_mb]ZamWv ""Iqiv''. Iqins\

CuPn]v‰n\v kao]ap≈ kpUm≥ FtXym]ybpambpw

XmcXayw sNøp∂hcmWp an° thZm≤ym]Icpw.29

Iqins\ FtXym]ybmbn sk]v‰zPn‚ v hnh¿Ø\w

sNøp∂p. sbsl. 29:10 ""Iqins\ CuPn]vXns‚

AXn¿Ønbm°p∂p≠v (Dev]Øn 10:6 Dw ImWpI;

ankbow CuPn]vXns‚ F_mb]ZamWv). IqSmsX

Iqiv FtXym]ybmsW∂p ]dbp∂ \nch[n

hmIyßfpap≠v (2 Zn\. 21:16; FkvtY¿ 1:1; 8:9; k¶o.

68:31; sbi.20:3,5; 45:14; bnsc. 13:23 Ccp≠

sXmenbp≈ BfpIƒ; sbsl. 30:4).

]qØns\ en_nbbmsW∂p IcpXmw. tPmko^kv

]dbp∂p(B‚nIzn‰okv 1:6:2), ""]qØpw en_nbbpsS

ÿm]I\mbncp∂p.''30. ]qØns\ en_nbsb∂mWp

sk]v‰zPn‚ v hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXncn°p∂Xv, πn\n A

Xns\ B^n°bnse audn‰m\tbmSp Xpe\w sNøp

∂p. 31 djy bntktbens‚ apJyiXphmbncn°pw.

]t£ AXn\v Cdm≥, FtXym]y, en_nb F∂nhnS

ßfn¬ Nne ][m\s∏´ kJy I£nIfp≠v.

f. tKmsa¿

AivsI\mkns‚bpw tXmK¿ΩmbpsSbpw A∏\mbn

cp∂p tKmsa¿(Dev]Øn 10:3). ]pcmX\ X¬aqZpw B

[p\nI blqZ∑mcpw AivI\mkv P¿Ω\nbpw

Ing°≥ bqtdm∏pamsW∂v ]dbp∂p. A°mUnb≥

""Knan dm''bpw Ko°p (""kntΩdnb∑mcpw'' H∂msW∂p

an° kphntijhnlnX ssIkvXhcpw \nKa\w

\SØp ∂p≠v. ""kntΩdnb∑m¿'' Ing°≥

bqtdm∏ntem Im °kkv aeIfntem D≈ Hcp

k©mc°q´amWv, A s√¶n¬ Gjym ssa\dn¬)32

tKmsa¿ Xp¿°nbm sW∂p Ub¿ ]dbp∂p(Dev]Øn

10:3; bnsc 51:27)33

g. tXmsK¿Ωm

sbslkvt°en¬ CXv t\csØ Xs∂ ]d™n´p≠v.

tasi°nt\mSpw Xq_ment\mSpap≈ _‘Øn¬

(sbsl. 27:13-˛14). bnsc 51:27 AivsI\mkns\

(tXmK¿ΩmbpsS ktlmZc≥ Dev]Øn 10:3)

AccmØpambn _‘n∏n°p∂p. Ing°≥Xp¿°n

AYhm Ct∏mgsØ A¿ao\nbsb CXp

Nq≠n°m´p∂p. an° ]WvUnX∑mcpw CXnt\mSp

tbmPn°p∂p. 34 ‰mkn‰kns‚bpw Akodnb≥

Zn\hrØm¥ßfpsSbpw sXfnhpIƒ D±cn®psIm≠v

tXmK¿Ωm A¿ao\bmsW∂p s]s‚t°mÃv

ka¿∞n°p∂p. Xßƒ ""tXm¿ΩmKrl°mcm

sW∂mWv A¿ao\nb°mcpsS AhImihmZw. 35

h. \nKa\ßƒ

sblkvt°¬ 38˛se ÿeßfpsS Nne kqN\Iƒ

°p I\ans√¶nepw(DZm. tcmiv djybmbpw, tamsi°v

tamkvt°m Bbpw), ""hSt° A‰Øp\n∂v'' F∂ hm

NIØn¬ \n∂pw, amtKmKv knXnb BsW∂p

≈Xn¬\n∂pw atlm]ZhØn¬ bnkmtbens\

djy BIan°psa∂Xn\p aXnbmb sXfnhp≠v.

AhfpsS kJyI£nIfn¬ Cdm≥, FtXym]y,

en_nb, Xp¿°n A¿ao\nb, an°hmdpw (Dd∏n√)

Ing°≥ bqtdm]y≥ cmPyßfp ap≠mbncn°pw.

A¥yImeØp i‡amb djybps≠∂p≈Xpw

Atacn°sb°pdn®v bmsXmcp ]cma¿ihp

ans√∂p≈Xpw ckIcamWv. Atacn° A¥yIme

Øp c≠mwInSi‡nbmbncn°mw. Hcp cmjvSsa∂

\nebn¬ Atacn° XIcp∂Xns‚tbm A√mØXn

s‚tbm, As√¶n¬ ][m\ A¥yIme ]Sn™md≥

bqtdm]y≥ kJyØns‚ kwc£WØn≥ Iogn¬

Atacn° hcp∂Xns‚tbm Nq≠p]eIbmImw CXv.


32 Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible, 2:774-775;Wycliffe Bible Encyclopedia, p.710; Lindsey, The late GratePlanet Earth, p. 58; Feinburg, The Prophecy of Ezekiel, p. 221;Pentecost , Things to come, p. 330.33 Charles H. Dyer, “Ezekiel,” in The Bible KnowledgeCommentary (Wheaton, I1: Victor Books, 1985), p. 1300.34 Feinburg, The Prophecy of Ezekiel, p. 221; ZondervanPictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible, 5:766; Wycliffe BibleEncyclopedia, p. 1721.35 Pentecost , Things to come, p. 330.

1983), pp. 1105-1106; Merrill Tenney, editor , ZondervanPictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible (Grand Rapids: ZondervanPublishing House, 1975), 4:194-195 and 5:830.28 Feinberg, The prophecy of Ezekiel, p. 220.29 See Wycliffe Bible Encyclopedia, p. 411; Zondervan PictorialBible Encyclopedia, 1:1047; and Feinburg, The Prophecy ofEzekiel, p. 221.30 Josephs, Complete Works, p. 31.31 William Gesenius, Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon, p. 668.

455

Cu A¥yImei‡nIfpsSsb√mw km∂n≤yw

Ft∏mgpw temIÿnXnhntijßƒ ckIcam

°p∂p. XobXn \n›bn°p∂Xv icnb√. ]t£

DZv]m]WØn\p apºv \ndthtd≠Xmbn H∂pan√

(]hN\\nhrØnsb√mw H∂n®v atlm]ZhØns‚

BZyta hcm≥ Ign™p). F∂ncp∂mepw, apt∂m´p

t]mIp∂ cmjvSobhpw kmºØnIhpamb kmlNcy

ßfpw a‰p ÿnXnhntijßfpw bnkmtb¬,

]Sn™md≥ bqtdm∏v, djy sNdpInScmjvSßƒ

(]hN\]camb ]m[m\ysØ)atlm]ZhØnse

temIsØ°pdn®p≈ ss__nƒ NnXtØmSp

s]mcpØap≈Xmbncn°pw.

4. bYmÿm\s∏´ _m_ntem¨

DW¿Øs∏´ tdmans\bmWp ""_m_ntem¨'' (shfn.

17-˛18) ]XoImflIambn ImWn°p∂sX∂p ]e

thZm≤ym]Icpw Kln°ps∂¶nepw, AXv B£cnI

_m_ntem¨ BsW∂mWp ImWp∂Xv. 36

sbi13˛14s‚tbm bnsc 50˛51, shfn 17˛18 s‚tbm

Hcp ]cn]q¿Æ hymJym\Øn\p≈ CSa√Xv. adn®v

DW¿Øs∏´ _m_ntem¨ BsW∂p hnizkn

°m≥ aXnbmbXmbn´mWp \¬Inbn´p≈Xv.

a. B£cnI hymJym\w

bpK]c/atlm]Zh]q¿∆hmZnIfpsS Hcp ][m\

]amWamWv B£cnIhymJym\w. km≤ysa¶n¬

B£ncIambn \mw hymJym\n°Ww.

""\o I≠ kvXotbm `qcmPm°∑mcpsS ta¬

cmPXzap≈ alm\Kcw Xs∂''(shfn. 17:18).

""AhtfmSpIqsS thiymkwKw sNbvXp

]pf®ncn°p∂ `qcmPm°∑m¿ AhfpsS ]oU

\nanØw `bs∏´p ZqcØp\n∂psIm≠v

AhfpsS Zl\Øns‚ ]pI ImWptºmƒ

Ahsfs®m√n Ic™pw amdØSn®pwsIm≠v:

Atøm alm\Kcamb _m_ntemt\,

_etadnb ]´Wta Hcp aWn°qdpsIm≠v

\ns‚ \ymbhn[n h∂t√m F∂p ]dbpw''

(shfn. 18:9˛10).

b._m_ntemWns\°pdn®p≈ ]gb \nba ]hN\

ßƒ

_m_ntem\ns‚ \misØ°pdn®p [mcmfw

]g\nba]hN\ßfp≠v. Ah \ndth‰nbn´pt≠m

C√tbm?

(1) ]IrXymXoXamb \miw/C\nsbmcn°epw

P\hmkap≠mIpIbn√.

sbiømhpw bnscaymhpw CXns\°pdn®v ]hNn°p

∂p≠v.

cmPyßfpsS alXzhpw IevZbcpsS ]iwkm

e¶mchpamb _mt_¬, ssZhw tkmtZans\

bpw sKmtamsdsbbpw adn®p If™Xpt]mse

BbnØocpw. AXn¬ Hcp \mfpw IpSn∏m¿

∏p≠mIbn√; XeapdXeapdtbmfw AXn¬

Bcpw hkn°bpan√. Ad_n°mc≥ AhnsS

IqSmcw ASn°bn√; CSb∑m¿ AhnsS

BSpIsf InSØpIbpan√. acparKßƒ

AhnsS InS°pw; AhcpsS hoSpIfn¬ aqß

\ndbpw; H´I∏£nIƒ AhnsS ]m¿°pw;

`qXßƒ AhnsS \rØw sNøpw. AhcpsS

Aca\Ifn¬ sN∂mbv °fpw AhcpsS

at\mlcaµncßfn¬ Ipdp\cnIfpw HmcnbnSpw;

AXns‚ kabw ASpØncn°p∂p;

AXns‚ Imew Zo¿Ln®p t]mhpIbpan√

(sbi. 13:19- 22).

\o \ns‚ tZisØ \in∏n®p, \ns‚ P\sØ

sIm∂pIf™XpsIm≠v \n\°v Ahsc

t∏mse ihkwkv°mcw D≠mhpIbn√;

ZpjvS∑mcpsS k¥XnbpsS t]cv F∂pw

\ne\n¬°pIbpan√.. . . Rm≥ Ah¿°p

hntcm[ambn Fgpt∂¬°psa∂pw ssk\y

ßfpsS btlmh Acpfns®øp∂p; _mt_en¬

\n∂p t]cns\bpw tijn∏ns\bpw

]pXs\bpw ]uXs\bpw tOZn®pIfbpsa∂p

btlmh Acpfns®øp∂p. Rm≥ AXns\

ap≈≥]∂nbpsS AhImihpw \o¿s∏mbvI

Ifpw B°pw; Rm≥ AXns\ \mi

Øns‚ NqepsIm≠v XqØphmcpsa∂pw

ssk\yß fpsS btlmh Acpfns®øp∂p

(sbi. 14:20, 22˛23).

\n∂n¬ \n∂v Ah¿ aqe°√mbnt´m

ASnÿm\°√mbnt´m Hcp I√pw FSp°mX

hÆw \o \nXyiq\yambn `hn°pw F∂v

btlmhbpsS Acpf∏mSv.....AXns‚ ]´W

ßƒ iq\yhpw hc≠ \nehpw acp`qanbpw

Bcpw ]m¿°mØXpw hgn\S°mØ

Xpamb tZihpw BbnØo¿∂ncn°p∂p

(bnsc. 51:26, 43).

taZy ]m¿knIƒ(539 In. ap.) _m_ntemWns\

\in∏n®Xv Cu ap∂dnbn∏pIfpsS Hcp \ndthdem

36 See Allen, Kenneth W., “Rebuilding and Destruction ofBabylon”, Bibliotheca Sacra 133(Jan-March 1976): 19-27; andTim LaHaye, Revelation (Grand Rapids: Zondervan PublishingHouse, 1975), pp. 224-244.


456

sW∂v F√mhcpw kΩXn°Ww. Cu NcnX]camb

\miw ]hmNI∑mI¿ AhcpsS ap∂dnbn∏pIfn¬

Dƒs∏SpØn. F∂mepw, ]IrXymXoXamb√ _m_n

tem¨ \in®Xv (tkmtZmans\bpw sKmtamdsbbpw

Xo, K‘Iw F∂nhsIm≠v \in∏n®Xpt]mse).

Ae\pw aIvUhepw sXfnbn®Xpt]mse, apgph\m

bpw P\iq\yambpan√.37

_n. kn 539˛se \miØn\ptijw _m_ntem¨

At∏mgpw P\hmkap≈Xmbncps∂¶n¬, A¥y\mfp

Ifn¬ ]p\¿\n¿Ωn°s∏´ _m_ntemWns\

\nt»jw \in∏n°ptºmgmWv AXv \ndthdm\p≈

km≤yXbp≈Xv (B£cnI _m_ntem¨ \Kcw).

(2). Hcp A¥yImekw`hØns‚ kmlNcy

kqN\Iƒ

sbiømhns‚ a\ n¬ _m_ntem¨ \KcØns‚

Hcp A¥yIme\miambncp∂p D≠mbncp∂Xv.

13˛14¬ AXv \nd™ncn°pIbmWv. CXv A\pkcn®v

shfn. 17˛18˛¬ ]d™ncn°p∂ _m_ntem¨ F∂Xv

B£cnIamWv, tdmans‚ ]XoIa√msb∂ ho£W

Øn\v CXp ]n¥pW \¬Ip∂p.

sbi. 13:6 btlmhbpsS ZnhksØ ]cma¿in°p∂p,

2 sX . 2:2˛4 A¥y\mfpIfmbn CXns\ Xpe\w

sNøp∂p.

btlmhbpsS Znhkw kao]n®ncn°sIm≠p

apdbnSphn≥; AXp k¿∆i‡¶¬ \n∂pw

k¿∆\miw t]mse hcp∂p(sbi. 13:6).

I¿Ømhns‚ \mƒ ASpØncn°p∂p F∂p

sh®p \nßƒ h√ Bflmhn\mtem hN\Øm

tem Rßƒ FgpXn F∂ `mhØnep≈

teJ\Ømtem kpt_m[w hn´p thKØn¬

CfIpIbpw sR´nt∏mIpIbpacpXv. Bcpw

GXp hnt[s\bpw \nßsf NXn°cpXv;

BZyta hnizmkXymKw kw`hn°pIbpw

\mitbmKy\pw A[¿Ωaq¿Ønbpambh≥

shfns∏SpIbpw thWw. Ah≥ ssZhmeb

Øn¬ Ccp∂psIm≠p ssZhsa∂p \Sn®v,

ssZhsat∂m ]qPmhnjbsat∂m t]cp≈

kIeØn\pwaosX Xs∂Øm≥ Db¿Øp∂

FXncmfnbtX(2 sX . 2:2˛4).

sbi. 13:10- 11 B£cnIamsW¶n¬, _m_ntemWns‚

kºq¿Æ\miw `mhnbnembncn°pw. _n.kn. 539˛¬

C°mcyßƒ B£cnIambn kw`hn®n√(AXmbX,v

]m]©nIam‰ßfpw temIØns‚ in£bpw).

BImiØns‚ \£Xßfpw \£XcminI

fpw ]Imiw XcnIbn√; kqcy≥ DZbØn¶¬

Øs∂ Ccp≠pt]mIpw; Nµ≥ ]Imiw

\¬IpIbpan√. Rm≥ `qXesØ tZmjw

\nanØhpw kµ¿in°pw; Al¶mcnIfpsS

K¿∆sØ Rm≥ C√mXm°pw; DK∑mcpsS

\nKfsØ XmgvØpw (sbi. 13:10- 11).

_m_ntemWns‚ \miØn\ptijw temIw apgph≥

""hnian°pIbpw'' ""kt¥mjn°pIbpw'' sNøpsa∂p

sbi. 14:7˛8 ap∂dnbn∏p \¬Ip∂p. \miØn\p

tijap≈ klkm_vZØn\v CXp tbmPn°p∂p≠v.

""k¿∆`qanbpw hnian®p kzÿambncn°p∂p;

Ah¿ B¿Øp]mSp∂p. kcfhr£ßfpw

se_mt\m\nse tZhZmcp°fpw \ns∂°pdn®p

kt¥mjn®p: \o hoWpInS∂XpapX¬ Hcp

sh´pImc\pw RßfpsS t\tc Ibdnhcp∂n√

F∂p ]dbp∂p'' (sbi. 14:7- 8).

_m_ntemWns‚ ]n∂nep≈ i‡nbmbn sbi. 14:10-

˛17 ""kmØms\'' ]cma¿in®m¬, kmØms\

AKm[Iq]Øn¬ FdnbptºmgmWp _m_ntemWn

s‚ kºq¿Æ\miw \S°pI. AXmbXv, A¥yIme

ßfn¬ (shfn. 20:1˛3˛¬ ImWp∂Xpt]mse).

""\ns‚ BUw_chpw hmZytLmjhpw

]mXmfØnte°v Cdßnt∏mbn; \ns‚ Iosg

]pgp°sf hncn®ncn°p∂p; IranIƒ \n\°v

]pX∏mbncn°p∂p...... Fs‚ knwlmk\w

ssZhØns‚ \£Xßƒ°paotX hbv°pw;

DØcZn°ns‚ AXn¿Ønbn¬ kamKa]¿∆X

Ønt∑¬ Rm≥ Ccp∂cpfpw....... F∂m¬ \o

]mXmfØnte°v, \miIq]Øns‚ ASnbn

te°p Xs∂hogpw. \ns∂ ImWp∂h¿

\ns∂ D‰pt\m°n: `qansb \Sp°pIbpw

cmPyßsf Ipep°pIbpw `qXesØ acp`qan

t]mse B°pIbpw AXnse ]´Wßsf

CSn®pIfbpIbpw ..... sNbvXh≥ Ch\√tøm

F∂v \ncq]n°pw'' (sbi. 14:11, 13, 15˛16, 17).

A\¥cw Hcp ZqX≥ AKm[Øns‚

Xmt°mepw Hcp henb Nßebpw Iøn¬

]nSn®psIm≠v kz¿§Øn¬ \n∂v Cdßp∂Xp

Rm≥ I≠p. Ah≥ ]nimNpw kmØm\pw

F∂p≈ ]gb ]mºmb almk¿∏sØ ]nSn®v

Bbncw Bt≠°p Nßebn´p. Bbncw

B≠pIgnbpthmfw PmXnIsf h©n°mXn

37 Kenneth W., Allen, “Rebuilding and Destruction of Babylon,”p. 21; Josh McDowell, Evidence That Demands a Verdict, Rev.Ed. (San Bernardino, CA: Here’s Life Publishers, 1979), pp.302-309.


457

cn°m≥ Ahs\ AKm[Øn¬ X≈nbn´v

AS®p ]q´pIbpw aosX apZbnSpIbpw sNbvp.

AXns‚ tijw Ahs\ Aev]ImetØ°v

Agn®phntS≠XmIp∂p(shfn. 20:1˛3).

c. D]kwlmcw

Ign™ImetØXnt\°mƒ i≤, ]p\¿\n¿Ωn°

s∏´p _m_ntem¨ \Kcsa∂ Bibw A¿ln°p

∂p≠v (a≤y]q¿∆tZiØns‚ h¿≤n®phcp∂

kºØn s‚ shfn®Ønepw AXp it≤bamWv).

Hcp henb kmºØnIi‡nbmbn shfn. 18 _m_n

temWns\ AhXcn∏n°p∂p.

]p\¿\n¿Ωn°s∏´ _m_ntemWns‚ Hcp ]¶n\p≈

km≤Xy Xmsg∏dbp∂p: H∂maXmbn Hcp ssk\nI

i‡nsb°mƒ _m_ntem¨ Hcp kmºØnI

i‡nbmbn´mbncn°pw ]p\¿\n¿Ωn°s∏SpI(Nne

aXi‡n It≠°mw). bnkmtb ens\ BIan®p

henb ]cmPbw t\Sp∂Xn\p apºv _m_ntem¨

djybpsS Hcp kJyI£nbmIm≥ km≤yXbp≠v.

djybpsS XmgvN°ptijw _m_ntemWn\p arKw

(FXn¿InkvXp) ssk\nI]n¥pW \¬Ip, AXb

[nIw kºØp≈Xn\m¬ FXn¿ InkvXphns‚ ta¬

kmºØnIta[mhnXzw ssIhcn°psa∂pw _m_n

tem¨ òjWns∏SpØp∂p.

Ah≥ Fs∂ Bflmhn¬ acp`qanbnte°p

sIm≠pt]mbn. At∏mƒ Ggp Xebpw ]Øp

sImºpw D≈Xmbn ZqjW\maßƒ \nd™p

ISp©ph∏pt≈mcp arKØnt∑¬ Hcp kvXo

Ccn°p∂Xp Rm≥ I≠p..... \o I≠ ]Øp

sImºp ]Øp cmPm°∑m¿; Ah¿ CXphsc

cmPXzw ]m]n®nń√; arKtØmsSm ∂n®v Hcp

\mgnI t\ctØ°p cmPm°∑msc t∏mse

A[nImcw ]m]n°pw Xm\pw(shfn. 17:3,12).

FXn¿InkvXp Atßb‰w AkqbmephmIpIbpw

_m_ntemWns‚ òjWn AXy[nIw A\p`hn

°pIbpw (Hcp ]t£ kmºØnI BibØneqsS)

sNøpw, Aßs\ Ah≥ AXns\ \in∏n°pw.

ssZhlnXamWv Xm≥ sNøp∂sX∂v Adn™pIqSm

sXbmWv Aßs\ sNøp∂Xv! _m_ntemWns‚

AXymKlw, Imaw, Hcp ]t£ ssZhZqjWaXw

(FXn¿InkvXp D]tbmKn°p∂Xv) F∂nh

\nanØamWp ssZhw AXns\ \in∏n°p∂Xv.

]ns∂ Ah≥ Ft∂mSp ]d™Xv: \o I≠Xpw

thiy Ccn°p∂Xpamb sh≈w, hwißfpw

]pcpjmcßfpw PmXnIfpw `mjIfpatX. \o

I≠ ]Øp sImºpw arKhpw thiysb

tZzjn®v iq\yhpw \·bpam°n AhfpsS

amwkw Xn∂pIfbpIbpw Ahsf XosIm≠v

Zln∏n°pIbpw sNøpw. ssZhØns‚ hN\w

\nhrØnbmIpthmfw Xs‚ lnXw sNøm\pw

Htc A`n]mbw \SØm\pw XßfpsS cmPXzw

arKØn\psImSp°m\pw ssZhw AhfpsS

lrZbØn¬ tXm∂n®p. \o I≠ kvXotbm

`qcmPm°∑mcpsS ta¬ cmPXzap≈ alm\K

cw Xs∂(shfn.17:15˛18).

a‰p hymJym\ßfpw D≠mImsa∂p kΩXn°p∂p.

]t£ shfn. 17- 18 se _m_ntemWnt\mSp Xpey

amIWsa¶n¬ AXv B£cnI\Kcambns´Sp°Ww.

atlm]ZhImebfhnse PmXobi‡nIƒ°nSbn

emWp _m_ntemWns‚ ÿm\w.

5. hS°ns‚ cmPmhpw sX°ns‚ cmPmhpw

Zm\o. 11:36˛45˛¬ hS°ns‚bpw sX°ns‚bpw cmPm°

∑m¿ ]s¶Sp°p∂ Hcp b¶ A¥yIme t]mcm´sØ

kqNn∏n°p∂p≠v. Cu bp≤Øns‚ hnhcWw hcp∂

`mKØp≠v. atlm]ZhImebfhnse ][m\PmXn

Iƒ GsX√msa∂dnbpIbmWp \ΩpsS apJye£yw.

hS°ns‚bpw sX°ns‚bpw cmPm°∑m¿ atlm]Zh

Ønse A[nIØnep≈ i‡nIfmsW∂mWp Nne¿

hnizkn°p∂Xv. At∏mƒ Zm\o. 11:36˛t\bpw djy

bpsS bnkmtb¬ BIaWtØbpw(sbsl. 38- 39)

tbmPn∏n°p∂XmWv \√Xv. 38 hS°ns‚ cmPmhpw

""hSs° A‰Øp\n∂p hcp∂h\pw'' H∂msW∂v CXv

ÿm]n°p∂p˛AXmbXv djy. sX°ns‚ cmPmhv Hcp

]t£ Ahs‚ Hcp ]apJ kJyI£nbmbncn°mw

(Zm\o. 11:43˛¬ en_nb, FtXym]y, CuPn]vXv

F∂nhsb kqNn∏n°p∂p).39.

""hS°ns‚ ÿm\w IqSmsX, Zm\o. 11:36- 45 Dw sbsl.

38˛39 Dw XΩnep≈ _‘w bp≤Øns‚ kabsØ

km[qIcn°p∂p. Cu ]kvXmh\bpsS sXfnhp XpS¿

∂p≈ `mKamb ""atlm]ZhØnse bp≤ßfn¬''

ImWpw.

B. FXn¿InkvXp

1. FXn¿InkvXphns‚ D¤hw

a. kmaqly D¤hw ˛ AcmPIXzw

Ießn adn™ temIkmlNcyßfn¬ \n∂mWv


38 See Leon Wood, A Commentary of Daniel (Grand Rapids:Zondervan Publishing House, 1973), pp. 308-309.39 en_nbsbbpw FtXym]ysbbpw t]mse, CuPn]vXns\Hcn°epw tKmKns‚bpw amtKmKns‚bpw HcpkJyI£nbmbn ]tXyIn®p ]d™nń√. sbsl. 38- 39;Zm\o. 11:42˛43 ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv FXn¿InkvXp CuPn]v‰ns\BIan°psa∂mWv.

458

FXn¿InkvXp Fgpt∂¬°pI. atlm]ZhsØ°p

dn®p≈ s]mXphmb ]Tn∏n°epIfn¬\n∂v CXp

hy‡amWv(aØmbn 24:6 ""bp≤ßfpw bp≤ipXn

Ifpw'' shfn. 6:1˛epw). bp≤w, £maw, acWw F∂nh

hcpØp∂ \mep IpXnc°m¿ shfn∏mSnep≠v.

BZysØ IpXnc∏pdØp(sh≈)hcp∂h\mImw

FXn¿InkvXp. P\kapZmb°Sen¬ \n∂mWv Ah

≥ Fgpt∂¬°pI(shfn. 13:1; 17:15). tk—m[n]Xy

Øns‚ Hcp kºZmbsa∂ \nebn¬ FXn¿InkvXp

henb hmKvZØßƒ \¬Ipsa∂Xn\p kwiban√

(^©v hnπhw, djy≥/\mkn hnπhßƒ t]mse).

temIsØ \∂m°m≥ Ignhp≈ hntamNI\mbn

BfpIƒ Ahs\ ImWpw.

b. qanimkvX]camb As√¶n¬ tZiobamb D¤hw

˛ tdmw

ainlmbpsS acWtijw, ""hcphm\ncn°p∂(ZpjvS)

]`phns‚ ]S÷\w \KcsØ \in∏n°p''sa∂p

Zm\o.9:26 ]dbp∂p. F.Un. 70¬ tdmam°m¿ sbcqi

teans\ \in∏n®p. DW¿Øs∏´ Hcp tdmamkmam

PysØ FXn¿InkvXp `cn°m\mWp km≤yX. F.

Un. 70˛¬ tdmam°m¿ sbcqitew \in∏n®Xpw A¥y

Imekw`hßfpw, eqt°mkpw Iq´nbnW°p∂p(21:5).

\memasØ arK(kmamPyw)Øn¬ \n∂v Fgpt∂¬

°p∂ Hcp ""sNdnb sImºns\°pdn®p Zm\o. 7:8˛9

]dbp∂p. Zm\o. 7 s‚ kµ¿`w A¥yImekw`h

ßsf°pdn®p N¿®sNøp∂XmWv(hm. 13˛14

ImWpI). D]cnbmbn, Zm\o. 7:15˛s\ A¥yImesØ

ZpjvSkmamPyhpambn Xpe\w sNøm\mIpw. ZqjWw

]dbp∂ ZpjvS\mb `cWm[nImcn aq∂c h¿jtØ

°p ssZhZqjWw ]dbp∂h\pw hnip≤∑m¿s°Xn

sc bp≤w sNøp∂h\pamsW∂p≈ hnhcWw

FXn¿InkvXphn\p tbmPn°p∂XmWv(shfn. 13:1- )

amXa√, Zm\otbense \memasØ cmPyØn\pw

shfn∏mSnse arKØn\pw 10 sImºpIfps≠∂mWp

hnhcn®ncn°p∂Xv(H. t\m. Zm\o. 7:7˛8, 19- 20, 23˛24;

shfn. 13:1; 17:11˛14). Zm\otbense \memasØ cmPyw

FXn¿InkvXphns‚ cmPyamWv. F∂mepw, Kokns\

XpS¿∂phcp∂ NcnX]camb ASpØ cmPyw

(Zm\otbense aq∂masØ cmPyw, Zm\o. 8:21, 11:2)

tdmw BWv. Cßs\ Hcp DW¿Øs∏´ tdmamkm

amPysØ FXn¿InkvXp `cn°m\mWp km≤yX.

c. hwiotbm¤hw

hwiob D¤hhpw ]ucXzhpw c≠p hyXykvX

XcwXncnhpIfmWv. Hcmƒ°v Atacn°≥ ]ucXzhpw

ssN\okv ]ucXzhpap≠mIw. DW¿Øs∏´ tdmam

kmamPyw `cn°p∂ A¥nInkvXp tdmam°mc\mI

Wsa∂n√.

Hcp hymPInkvXphmbncn°Wsa¶n¬ Ahs\mcp

blqZ\mbncn°Wsas∂mcp Bibap≠v. FXn¿

InkvXp F∂me¿∞w InkvXphn\v FXncmbhs\

∂pw ""InkvXphns‚ ÿm\sØ''∂pamWv.

ainlmbmsW∂ t]cn¬ a‰p≈hsc h©n°p∂Xn\v

FXn¿InkvXphns\ klmbn°m≥ blqZ\mbncn°p

sa∂Xp bp‡nklamWv. Zm\o. 11:37 ]dbp∂Xv,

""]nXm°∑mcpsS ssZhsØ°pdn®p bmsXmcp

]cnKW\bpw ImWn°p∂hs√''∂mWv. Ahs\mcp

hnizmkXymKnbmb blqZ\msW∂mWv Nne¿

CXpsIm≠¿∞am°p∂Xv. Zm≥ tKmXØn¬

\n∂mWv FXn¿InkvXp Fgpt∂¬°p∂sX∂

Bibhpap≠v. ""Zm≥ hgnbn¬ Hcp k¿∏ambncn°pw''

(Dev]Øn. 49:17). apZbnSs∏´hcn¬ \n∂pw

]pdØm°s∏´Xp Zm≥ tKmXambXpw(shfn. 7) Hcp

ImcWamIp∂p. as‰m∂v Ahs\mcp kndnb\msW

s∂XmWv. Zm\o. 8:9˛12, 23˛27 hcm≥ t]mIp∂

`cWm[nImcn, XI¿∂ Kokn¬ \n∂v Fgpt∂¬°p

∂h\pw aµncØnse bmKßƒ \n¿Øp∂h\pam

bncn°pw. NcnX]cambn CXv A¥ntbm°kv

F∏n^m\kv Bbncn°pw(Ct∏mgsØ kndnbbn¬

\n∂p≈ cWm[nImcn). Zm\otb¬ 8sebpw 11sebpw

FXn¿InkvXphns‚ Hcp \ngemWnh≥. Cßs\

FXnInkvXp kndnb°mc\msW∂p Nne¿

IcpXp∂p(B[p\nItemIsØ `cn°p∂bmƒ Hcp

kndnb°mc\msW∂p k¶ev]n°m≥ _p≤nap´p

s≠¶nepw).

]ucXzØn¬ Ah≥ an°hmdpw tdma≥ Bbncn°m

\mWp km≤yX. GsX¶nepw ]Sn™md≥ bqtdm]y

≥ cmPyØn¬ \n∂mIpw Ah≥ hcp∂Xv. Ahs‚

hwiotbm¤hw Xpd∂pInS°p∂XmWp \√Xv. Ah

s‚ Bflotbm¤hsØ°pdn®p kwibsam∂pan√.

d. Bflotbm¤hw

FXn¿InkvXp hcp∂Xp ]nimNn¬\n∂mWv.

Hcpßnbncn°p∂, tijnbp≈ Hcp FXn¿InkvXp

Ft∏mgpw ]nimNn\p≠v. ImcWw, DZv]m]WØns‚

kabsØ°pdn®v Ah≥ A⁄\mWv.

At∏mƒ A[¿Ωaq¿Øn shfns∏´phcpw;

Ahs\ I¿Ømhmb tbip Xs‚ hmbnse

izmkØm¬ HSp°n Xs‚ ]Xy£XbpsS

]`mhØm¬ \in∏n°pw. A[¿Ωaq¿

ØnbpsS ]Xy£X \in®pt]mIp∂h¿°p

kmØms‚ hym]mci‡n°v HØhÆw


459

hymPamb kIei‡ntbmSpw ASbmfßtfm

Spw A¤pXßtfmSpw A\oXnbpsS kIe

h©\tbmSpw IqsS Bbncn°pw; Ah¿ c£n

°s∏Sphm¥°hÆw kXysØ kvt\ln®p

ssIs°m≈mbvIbm¬Øs∂ Aßs\

`hn°pw(2 sX . 2:8˛10).

Rm≥ I≠ arKw ]p≈n∏pen°p kZrihpw

AXns‚ Im¬ IcSnbpsS Im¬t]msebpw

hmbv knwlØns‚ hmbvt]msebpw Bbncp

∂p. AXn\p almk¿∏w(shfn. 12:9) Xs‚

i‡nbpw knwlmk\hpw henb A[nImc

hpw sImSpØp...... arKØn\v A[nImcw

sImSpØXpsIm≠v Ah¿ almk¿∏sØ

\akvIcn®p(shfn. 12:9): arKtØmSv Xpey≥

Bcv? AXnt\mSp s]mcpXphm≥ B¿°p

Ignbpw F∂p ]d™p arKsØbpw

\akvIcn®p(shfn. 13:2,4).

almk¿∏Øns‚ hmbn¬\n∂pw arKØn

s‚ hmbn¬ \n∂pw I≈]hmNIs‚ hmbn¬

\n∂pw Xhfsbt∏mse aq∂v Aip≤mflm°ƒ

]pds∏Sp∂Xp Rm≥ I≠p(shfn. 16:13)

(kmØm\y XnXzw).

e. ssZhm[o\amb D¤hw

FXn¿InkvXphns‚ hchn\p t\cn´p≈ ImcWw

ssZha√. ]t£ Ah≥ AXn\v A\phZn °pIbpw

AXns\ ]tbmP\s∏SpØpIbpw sNøpw. Cßs\

ssZhw A\phZn°msX FXn¿ InkvXphn\p

`cWØnseØm≥ Ignbns√∂Xp kXyamWv. 2

sX . 2 ho≠pw ]dbp∂Xp ssZhw \jvSs∏- -hsc

in£bv°v Gev]n®p sImSp°p∂-Xn-eqsS FXn¿In-

kvXp-hns‚ apt∂-‰sØ hmkvX-h-ambn klm-bn-°p-

I-bpw, Aßs\ Ah¿ FXn¿In-kvXp-hns‚ ]N-c-

W-Øn-\mbn hogp-Ibpw sNøpw (k-µ¿`w apI-fn¬

D≤-cn-®n-´p-≠v).

Ah≥ ka-b-Øn-\p-aptº shfn-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-t°-

≠-Xn\v Ct∏mƒ XS-bp-∂Xv Fs¥∂p \nßƒ

Adn-bp∂p (2 sX . 2:6).

kXysØ hniz-kn-°msX A\o-Xn-bn¬ ckn-

°p∂ Gh¿°pw \ymb-hn[n htc-≠-Xn-\v,

ssZhw Ah¿°p t`mjv°p hniz-kn-°p-amdp

hymP-Øns‚ hym]m-c-i‡n Ab-bv°p∂p (2

sX . 2:11- 12).

Iog-S-°p-∂-hs‚ Db¿® Bcw- n-°m-\p≈ A[n-Imcw

“Ip™m-Sn\p” amXamsW∂p i≤n-°p-I.

Ip™mSp apI-fn¬ H∂p s]m´n-®-t∏mƒ : \o

hcnI F∂p \mep Pohn-I-fn¬ H∂v CSn-ap-g-

°w-t]mse ]d-bp-∂Xp Rm≥ tI´p. At∏mƒ

Rms\mcp sh≈-°p-Xn-c-sb- I≠p; AXn-t∑¬

Ccn-°p-∂-hs‚ Iøn¬ Hcp hn√p≠v; Ah\v

Hcp Inco-Shpw e`n®p; Ah≥ Pbn-°p-∂-h-

\mbpw Pbn-°m-\mbpw ]pd-s∏´p (sh-fn. 6:1˛2).

2. A¥ym-Ime ZpjvS- -c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-°p≈ t]cpIƒ

XncpshgpØv Cbmƒ°p ]e t]cp-Iƒ / hnh-c-W-

ßƒ \¬Ip-∂p-≠v. t\cn´p ]d-™n-s√-¶n-epw, s]mXp

kz`m-h-ßƒ Htc hy‡n-sb-bmWp Nq≠n-°m- p-∂Xv

(D-Zm. Zqj-Ww, hnip-≤-∑m-tcmSp bp≤w, Bcm-[\ Bh-

iy-s∏- p-sIm≠p aµn-c-Øn¬ Ccn-°p-I).

a. sNdnb sImºv (Zm\n. 7:7˛28)

arK-Øn¬ ]Øp sImºp-I-tfm-sSm∏w sNdnb sImºv

Ah-bn¬ aqs∂-Æ-Øns\ \in-∏n-°p-∂p(Zm-\o. 7:7˛8,

20, 24). sImºp-Iƒ cmPy-ßsf ]cm-a¿in-°p∂ (Zm-

\o. 7:24). Ah≥ hºp ]d-bp-∂-h\pw (Zm-\o. 7:8, 11,

20, 24- 25), ZqjWw ]dbp∂h\pw (7:25) hnip-≤-∑msc

BI-an-°p-∂-h\pw (7:21,25) aq∂c h¿jw Ahs\

Iogvs]-Sp-Øp-∂-h\p-amWv (Im-ehpw Ime-ßfpw

Imemw-i-hpw 7:25).

“cmXnZ¿i-\-Øn¬ Rm≥ ]ns∂bpw

tLmchpw `b-¶-chpw AXn-_-e-hp-ap≈ \mem-

a-sXmcp arKsØ I≠p; AXn\p henb Ccp-

ºp-]√v D≠m-bn-cp∂p; AXp Xn∂p-Ibpw

XI¿°p-Ibpw sNbvXn´p tij-ap≈Xns\

Im¬sIm≠p Nhn- n-°-f™p; aptº I≠ kI-

e-ar-K-ß-fnepw h®v CXp hyXym-k-ap-≈-Xm-bn-

cp∂p; AXn\p ]Øp sImºp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

Rm≥ B sImºp-Isf t\m°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-

tºmƒ, Ah-bpsSbnS-bn¬ as‰mcp sNdnb

sImºp -ap-f-®p-h∂p; AXn-\m¬ apº-esØ

sImºp-I-fn¬ aq∂p thtcmsS ]dn-™p-t]mbn;

Cu sImºn¬ a\p-jys‚ IÆp-t]mse IÆpw

hºp ]d-bp∂ hmbpw D≠m-bn -cp∂p

(Zm-\o. 7:7˛8).

“]pcmX-\-\m-b-h≥ h∂v AXyp-∂-X-\m-b-hs‚

hnip-≤-∑m¿°p \ymbm-[n-]Xyw \¬Ip-Ibpw

hnip-≤-∑m¿ cmPXzw ssIh-i-am-°p∂ Imew

hcn-Ibpw sNøp-thmfw B sImºp hnip-≤-

∑m-tcmSp bp≤w sNbvXv Ahsc Pbn-°p-∂Xp

Rm≥ I≠p. Ah≥ ]d-™-tXm: \mem-asØ

arKw `qan-bn¬ \mem-a-Xmbn D¤-hn-°m-\p≈

cmPyw Xs∂; AXp kI-e-cm-Py-ß-fnepwsh®p


460

hyXym-k-ap-≈-Xmbn k¿∆-`q-an-sbbpw Xn∂p

Nhn-ń-Ø-I¿Øp-I-f-bpw. Cu cmPy-Øp-\n-

∂p≈ ]Øp sImºp-Itfm Fgp-t∂¬°m-\n-

cn-°p∂ ]Øp cmPm-°-∑m-cm-Ip∂p; Ah-cpsS

tijw as‰m-cp-Ø≥ Fgp-t∂¬°pw; Ah≥

apºn-e-Ø-h-tcmSp hyXym-k-ap-≈-h-cmbn aq∂p

cmPm-°-∑msc hogn®p If-bpw. Ah≥ AXyp-

∂-X-\m-b-h\p hntcm-[-ambn hºp ]d-bp-Ibpw

AXyp-∂-X-\m-b-hs‚ hnip-≤-∑msc HSp°n°f-

Ibpw ka-b-ß-sfbpw \nb-a-ß-sfbpw am‰p-

hm≥ ian-°p-Ibpw sNøpw; Imehpw Ime-

ßfpw Imemw-ihpw Ah¿ Ahs‚ Iøn¬

Gev]n°s∏ń-cn°pw” (Zm\o. 7:21- 25).

b. hcphm\n-cn-°p∂ ZpjvS-]`p

ain-lmbv°p hncp-≤-\mb Hcp ]`p-hns\ Zm\o-tb¬

(9:26) kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. Ahs‚ P\w (tdm-am-°m¿)

sbcp-i-te-ans\ \in-∏n-°p-Ibpw ssZhm-e-b-Ønse

bmK-ßƒ Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. 9:27¬ Ggp-

h¿j-Øns‚ hnh-c-W-ap-≠v. AXp InkvXp -a-tlm-]-

Z-h-tØmSp _‘n-∏n-°p∂p (a-Ømbn 24:15- 21).

“Adp]Øn-c≠v BgvN-h´w Ign™v A`n-jn-

‡≥ tOZn-°-s∏Spw; X\n-°p-th≠n A√

Xm\pw; ]ns∂ hcp-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ ]`p-hns‚ ]S-

÷\w \K-c-sØbpw hnip-≤-a-µn-c-sØbpw

\in-∏n°pw; Ahs‚ Ah-km\w Hcp ]f-b-

tØmsS Bbn-cn°pw; Ah-km-\-tØmfw bp≤-

ap-≠mIpw; iq\yßfpw \n¿Æ-bn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-

∂p. Ah≥ Hcp BgvN-h- -tØ°p ]e-tcmSpw

\nb-asØ ITn-\-am°pw; BgvN-h-´-Øns‚

at≤y A≥ l\-\-bm-Khpw t`mP-\-bm-Khpw

\n¿Ø-em-°n-°-fbpw; tæ—-X-I-fpsS Nnd-In-

t∑¬ iq\y-am-°p-∂-h≥ hcpw; \n¿Æ-bn-°-s∏-

ń-cn-°p∂ kam-]vXn-tbmfw iq\y-am-°p∂hs‚

ta¬ tIm]w sNmcnbpw” (Zm\o. 9:26- 27).

c. CjvSw t]mse ]h¿Øn-°p∂ cmPmhv

Zm\o. 11:35-˛12:3 A¥y-Im-e-kw-`-h-ßsf°pdn-®p-

≈XmWv. (11:35,12:1˛3 ImWp-I). FXn¿In-kvXp-hn-

s\-°p-dn®p ZqjWw ]d-bp-∂-h-\-s\∂p ]d-™n-cn-°p-

∂-Xn-t\mSp (]-tXy-In®p aØmbn 24:15; 2 sX- . 2:3˛4;

shfn.13:15) tbmPn-°p-∂-Xm-Wn-Xv.

“cmPmthm CjvSw t]mse ]h¿Øn°pw;

Ah≥ Xs∂-Øm≥ Db¿Øn, GXp tZh\pw

taembn al-Xzo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw ssZhm-[n-ssZ-h-

Øns‚ t\sc A]q¿∆-Im-cy-ßsf kwkm-cn-

°p-I-bpw, tIm]w \nhr-Øn-bm-Ip-thmfw Ah\p

Imcyw km[n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw; \n¿Æbn-°-s∏-

Sn-cn-°p-∂Xp kw`-hn-°-a-t√m. Ah≥ F√m-

‰n\pw taembn Xs∂-Øm≥ al-Xzo-I-cn-°p-I-

bm¬ Xs‚ ]nXm-°-∑m-cpsS tZh-∑m-scbpw

kvXoI-fpsS CjvS-tZ-h-s\bpw bmsXmcp tZh-

s\bpw Iq´m-°p-I-bn-√. AXn-\p-]-Icw Ah≥

tImÍ-fpsS tZhs\ _lp-am -\n -°pw...”(Zm\o. 11:36- 38).

d. ]m]Øns‚ a\p-jy≥ (A[¿Ω-aq¿Øn) \mi-tbm-

Ky≥ (\m-iw), ZpjvS≥ (A-[¿Ωaq¿Øn)

atlm-]-Z-h-Im-e-b-f-hn¬ (H-cp-]t£ AXn-\p-ap-ºv)

sbcp-itew ssZhm-ebpw ]p\¿\n¿Ωn-°-W-sa∂p

]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬\n∂p hy‡-amWv (a-Ømbn

24:15;a¿t°mkv 13:14; 2 sX . 2:3˛4; shfn. 11:1˛2). hnip-

≤-∑msc ]oUn-∏n-°p-∂-XmWv Cu t]cp-I-sf-sb√mw

tbmPn-∏n-°p∂ k¿∆-km-[m-c-W-amb e£-Ww, aµn-

c-Øn¬ Bcm-[-\-bm-h-iy-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-h-sc-bp≈ kam-

\-X-bn-√mØ ssZh-Zq-j-Whpw H∏-ap-≠v.


BZyta hnizm-k-XymKw kw -hn-°p-Ibpw \mi-

tbm-Ky\pw A[¿Ω-aq¿Øn-bp-am-b-h≥ shfn-

s∏-Sp-Ibpw thWw. Ah≥ ssZhm-e-b-Øn¬

Ccp-∂p-sIm≠v ssZhw F∂p \Sn-®v, ssZh-

sat∂m ]qPm-hn-j-b-sat∂m t]cp≈ kI-e-

Øn\pw aotX Xs∂-Øm≥ Db¿Øp∂ FXn-

cm-fn-b-sX. .... At∏mƒ A[¿Ω-aq¿Øn shfn-

s∏- p-h-cpw.... (2 sX . 2:3˛4,8).

e. iq\yam°p∂ tæ—X

“iq\yam°p∂ tæ—-X”bpw (aØmbn 24:15) A¥y-

Im-esØ ZpjvS- -c-Wm-[n-Im-cnbpw XΩn¬ Dd® Hcp

_‘-ap -≠v. “tæ—X” FXn¿InkvXp -hns‚

]XnabmWv. aµn-c-Øn¬ \n¬°p∂ arK-Øns‚

]Xn-a-bm-WXv (sh-fn. 13:14-˛15). ssZhm-e-b-Øn¬

FXn¿In-kvXp-Xs∂ Bcm-[\ Bh-iy-s∏- n-cns°,

“tæ—X” ZpjvS\mb `c-Wm-[n-Im-c-sb-Øs∂ ]cm-

a¿in-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

“F∂m¬ Zm\o-tb¬ ]hm-N-I≥ apJm-¥cw

Acp-fn-sN-bvX-Xp-t]m-se, iq\y-am-Ip∂ tæ—X

hnip-≤-ÿ-eØp \n¬°p∂Xp ImWp-tºmƒ

(hm-bn-°p-∂-h≥ Kln-°-s´), A∂p sblp-Zy-

bn-ep-≈-h¿ ae-I-fn-te°v HmSn-t∏m-Is´”(aØmbn 24:15- 16).

f. arKw

arKsØ-°p-dn®v Hcp-]mSp ]cm-a¿i-ßƒ shfn-∏m-Sp-


461

]p-kvX-I-Øn-ep-≠v. apgph≥ ZpjvS-km-am-Py-sØbpw

“arKw” F∂p ]cm-a¿in-°mw. F∂m-epw, Hcp hy‡n-

bm-bn-´mWp “arK”sØ shfn-∏m-Sn¬ Nne-t∏mƒ

ImWp-∂Xv cmPysØ apgn-h≥ ]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p∂

Hcp ZpjvS-\mb c-Wm-[n-Im-cn. shfn-∏mSnse “arKhpw”(shfn. 13- 17) Cu t]cp-I-fm¬ (sN-dnb sImºv, ZpjvS-

\mb ]`p, CjvSw-t]mse ]h¿Øn-°p∂ cmPm-hv,

]m]-Øns‚ a\p-jy≥ tæ—-X) hnh-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂

A¥y-Im-e- -c-Wm-[n-Im-cnbpw XΩn¬ \nc-h[n kam-

\-X-I-fp≠v. Zqj-I\pw hnizm-kn-Isf ]oUn-∏n-°p-∂-

h-\p-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ F√m t]cp-Ifpw Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p.

shfn. 13,17se “arKhpw” Zm\o. 7se “sNdnb

sImºpw” XΩn¬ khn-ti-j-_-‘-ap-≠v: (10 sImºp-

Iƒ ˛ Zm\o. 7:7, 20, 24- H. t\m. shfn. 13:11; 17:3,7,

16˛17. Ch 10 cmPy-ß-fm-Wv. Zm\o.7:24 H.-t\m. shfn.

17:12, Bcm-[\ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-Ibpw /ssZh-Zq-jWw \S-

Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Zm\o. 7:8,11,2024˛25 Hm.-s\m. shfn.

13:3, 6, 8, 12, 15; hnip-≤-∑m-tcmSp bp≤w sNøp∂p ˛

Zm\o. 7:21,25 H.-t\m. shfn. 13:7; 31/2 h¿jsØ

kºq¿Æm-[n-]Xyw ˛ Zm\o. 7:25 H.-t\m. shfn. 13:5.

HSp-hn¬, arKhpw A[¿Ω-aq¿Ønbpw Bcm-[-\-

bv°mbn hymP AS-bm-f-ßƒ ImWn-°pw, H.-t\m.

shfn.13:13- 15; 2 sX . 2:9˛10).

g. FXn¿InkvXp

Cu ]´n-I-bn¬ hmZn-®n-cn-°p∂ “FXn¿In-kvXp-hns‚”GIt]cv FXn¿InkvXp Xs∂-bm-Wv. Xncp-sh-gp-

Øn¬ A©p-]m-hiyw Cu t]cp ImWp-∂p. F√mw

tbml-∂ms‚ teJ-\-ß-fn-emWv (1 tbml. 2:18˛¬

c≠p ]mh-iyw, 2:22, 4:3; 2 tbm-l.7). A¥y-Ime ZpjvS-

-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-sb-bmtWm “FXn¿InkvXp” F∂ ]Zw

sIm≠p Xncp-sh-gpØv Dt±-in-°p-∂-sX∂v F∂p ]cn-

K-Wn-®mepw Cs√-¶n-epw, Hcp ssZh-im-kvX-]-Z-ambn

Ah-t\mSv AXp-d-∏n-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. F∂mepw

“FXn¿InkvXp”hns\ Gsd-°psd “sNdnbsImºm”bpw “ZpjvS-]`p”hmbpw “CjvSw t]mse ]h¿Øn-

°p∂ cmPm-hm”bpw “tæ—-X-”bmbpw “arK-”ambpw

FSp°mw (]-tXy-In®v 1 tbm-l. 2:18 se ]Ya ]cm-

a¿iw.) H∂n-e-[n-Iw-t]sc tbml∂m≥ ]cm-a¿in-®m-

epw, A¥y-Im-e-tkz-—m-[n-]-Xn, sNdnb FXn¿In-kvXp-

°-fp-sS-bn-S-bn¬ hcm≥t]m-Ip∂ FXn¿In-kvXp-hns‚

BXy-¥n-I-amb ZrjvSm-¥-am-Wv.

c≠m-asØ arKw “I≈]hm-N-I-\m”Wv (sh-fn. 13:11-

˛17;16:13). H∂m-asØ arKsØ Bcm-[n-°m≥ t]m’m-

ln-∏n-°p-∂-h-\m-Wn-h≥. c≠m-asØ arKw (I-≈-]-

hm-N-I≥) H∂m-asØ arK-sØ-°mƒ InkvXp-hn\p

kam-¥-c-ambn Nne¿ Icp-Xp-Ibpw, c≠m-asØ

arKsØ “FXn¿In-kvXp”hmbn IW-°m-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. InkvXp Hcp ]hm-N-I-\m-Wv. c≠mw arKw

]hm-N-I-\m-Wv. InkvXp ]nXm-hmb ssZhsØ Bcm-

[n-°m≥ t]cn-∏n-°p-∂p. c≠m-asØ arKw A[¿Ω-

aq¿Ønsb Bcm-[n -°m≥ t]cW \¬Ip-∂p.

Cßs\, “FXn¿InkvXp” F∂ ]Zw H∂m-asØ arK-

sØ-°mƒ c≠mw arK-Øn-\mWp tbmPn-°p-∂-Xv.

CsXmcp \yq\-]-£-ho-£-W-am-sWv, \√ Imc-W-hp-

ap-≠v. kmØm-\y-Xn-Xz-Øns‚ \√ kam-¥cw (shfn.

16:13) alm-k¿∏w (]n-Xm-hmb ssZhw), arKw (]p-X-

\mb ssZhw), I≈-]-hm-N-I≥ (B-flm-hmb ssZhw)

F∂-Xm-Wv. arKw ]nXm-hn-\pw I≈-]-hm-N-I≥

]pX\pw kam-¥-c-am-sW-¶n¬, ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-t\mSp

kam-\-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv BcmWv? temI-cm-PysØ H∂m-

asØ arKw ]nSn-®-S-°p-∂p, AXp InkvXp-hn\v Ah-

Im-i-s∏´ cmPy-am-Wv. FXn¿InkvXp InkvXp-hns‚

]I-c-°m-c-\m-Im≥ ian-°p-∂-Xn-\mepw, InkvXp-hns‚

apJy-F-Xn-cm-fn-sb∂ \ne-bnepw “FXn¿InkvXp”F∂ ]Zw G‰hpw \∂mbn tbmPn-°p-∂Xv H∂m-

asØ arK-Øn-\m-Wv. ]nXm-hns\ Bcm-[n-°m≥

InkvXp t]cW \¬Ip-∂p-sh-∂Xp kXy-am-Wv.

At∏mƒØs∂ InkvXphpw Bcm-[-\m-]m-X-am-Wv,

]cn-ip-≤m-flmhp InkvXp-hns\ Bcm-[n-°m≥ t]cn-

∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p (tbm-l. 16:14). c≠m-asØ

arKsØ XnXz-Øns‚ Hcw-K-Øn\p kam-¥-c-am-°-W-

sa-¶n¬, ]pX-s\-°mƒ AXn-\¿lX ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-

hn-\m-Wv. I≈-]-hm-N-I\v Gen-bm-hns‚ ]¶pw i‡n-

bp-am-Wv. hmkvX-h-Øn-ep-≈Xv (sh-fn. 13:13, BIm-i-

Øn¬ \n∂p Xo, ]hm-N-I≥, apt∂m-Sn, aem-Jn, 4:5

ImWp-I). H∂m-asØ arKw InkvXp-hn\p kam-¥-c-

am-Ip-∂p-sh∂ ho£-W-amWv F‰hpw \√-Xv. Cßs\

“FXn¿In-kvXp”sh∂ ]Zw Ah\p tbmPn-°p-∂p.

3. temI-i-‡n-bmbn FXn¿In-kvXp-hns‚ Db¿®

a. Db¿®bpsS kabw

ssZhw temIm-[n-]Xyw A\p-h-Zn-°p-tºm-g-√msX

temIm-[n-]-Xn-bm-Im≥ FXn¿In-kvXp-hn\p Ign-bn-√.

(sh-fn.6:1˛2). 2 sX . 2 se “XSp°p∂-h≥”]cnip≤mflmhm-Wv. ssZh-ln-X-a -\p -k-cn -®p≈

kabwhsc, ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv A[¿Ω-aq¿Øn-bpsS

Db¿® XS-bp-∂p. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ XSp-°¬

ipiqj (Xn-I®pw AXp-am-X-a-√), FXn¿InkvXp

A[n-Im-c-Øn-se-Øp-∂-Xn\p ap≥]p k` \o°-s∏-Sp-

sa∂ Bi-bsØ km[q-I-cn-°p-∂p. 2sX- .2¬

\n∂p≈ kqN-\, XSp-°p-∂-h≥ amdn-t∏m-Ip∂Xnt\m-

sSm∏w k`bpw amdn -t∏m-Ip-sa∂ atlm-]-Z -h-


462

]q¿∆hmZw a‰p thZ- m-K-ßfpw hy‡-am-Ip-∂p. XSp-

°p-∂-h≥ amdp-Ibpw k` th¿s]-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-

tXmsS Xn∑ k¶-ev]m-Xo-X-ambn h¿≤n-°pw. AØcw

Xn∑ \nan-Øap≈ ip\y-X-bn-eqsS FXn¿In-kvXp-hn\v

Ct∏mƒ Db-cm≥ Ign-bpw. temI-Øns‚ Acm-P-I-Xz-

Øn-\p≈ DØ-c-amWp Xms\∂v Abmƒ Ah-Im-i-

s∏-Spw.

Ah≥ ka-b-Øn-\p-aptº shfn-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-t°-

≠-Xn\v Ct∏mƒ XS-bp-∂Xv Fs¥∂p \nßƒ

Adn-bp-∂p. A[¿Ω-Øns‚ a¿Ωw Ct∏mtg

hym]-cn-°p-∂p≠v; CXp-hsc XS-bp-∂-h≥ hgn-

bn¬\n∂p \oßn-t∏m-Ip-I-amXw thWw.

At∏mƒ A[¿Ωaq¿Øn shfn-s∏-´p-hcpw;

Ahs\ I¿Øm-hmb tbip Xs‚ hmbnse

izmk-Øm¬ HSp°n Xs‚ ]Xy-£-bpsS ]`m-

h-Øn¬ \in∏n°pw (2 sX .2:6˛8).

b. Akv]jvS-amb Bcw`w

F√m-Øcw sshIm-cn-I-amb Dul-ßfpw FXn¿In-

kvXp-hns\ Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ t_m[-an-

√m-Ø-h-cp-≠v. F¶nepw “sNdnb sImºv” (Zm\o. 7:7˛8)

Xmc-X-tay\ Ahy-‡-X-bn¬ \n∂-√msX as‰ßpw

\n∂v Db-cp-∂n-√. ]Øp sImºp-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ (10 cmPm-

°-∑m¿) \n∂v, F∂m¬ Ah-cn¬ Hcm-f-√msXbmWv

Ah≥ Fgp-t∂¬°p-I. ]WvUn-X-∑m¿ ]d-bp-∂Xp

“IdpØ IpXn-c-”bmWv temI tkz—m-[n-]-Xn°p

tbmPn-®-sX-∂m-Wv. DZv]m-]-W-Øn\p apºp Pohn-°p-

∂h¿ Ahs\ Xncn -® -dn -bm≥ ian -°p -∂Xp

]mgvthebm-Wv. AXn-\p-tijw amXta “sNdnb

sImºv” A[nIm-c-Øn-se-Øp-I-bp-≈q.

“Rm≥ B sImºp-Isf t\m°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-

tºmƒ, Ah-bp-sS-bn-S-bn¬ as‰mcp sNdnb

sImºp apf-®p-h∂p; AXn-\m¬ apºn-esØ



hºp ]d-bp∂ hmbpw D≠m-bn -cp -∂p”(Zm\n. 7:8).

c. bnkmtb-ep-am-bp≈ DS-ºSn

atlm-]-Z-h-Øns‚ XpS-°-Øn¬ FXn¿InkvXp

bnkm-tb-ep-ambn DS-º-Sn-bp-≠m-°pw. CXp-hsc Ah≥

temIsØ `cn-°m≥ XpS-ßn-bn-´n-s√-¶n-epw, blq-Z-

∑m¿ Ahs‚ ]n¥pW kzmKXw sNøpw. ssZhm-e-b-

Øns‚ ]p\¿\n¿ΩmWw bnkm-tb-ens\ ITn-\-ambn

H‰-s∏-Sp-Øp-sa-∂pw, sNdnb bnkm-tb-en\p ]Sn-

™mdp “kplrØp-°sf” thWsa∂pw Hcmƒ ]d-

t™-°mw.

“Ah≥ Hcp BgvN-h- -tØ°p ]e-tcmSpw \nb-

asØ ITn-\-am-°pw....” (Zm\o. 9:27).

d. kmaPy-Øn-\p-≈n¬Øs∂ A[n-Im-c-Øn-te-°p≈

Db¿®

temIsØ hcp-Xn-bn-em-°m≥ FXn¿InkvXp atlm-

]-Zhw XpS-ßp-∂n-√. Ah≥ ItaW temIsØ

BI-an°pw (sh-fn. 6:2). Ahs‚ H∂m-asØ \o°w

DW¿Ø-s∏´ tdmamkmam-PysØ hcp-Xn-bn-em-°m-\m-

Wv. ]Øp cmPy-ß-fpsS Hcp kJy-am-bn-cn°pw \ho-

\-tdmam kmam-Pyw. Ah-cn¬ aq∂p cmPm-°-∑msc

\in-∏n-®n´v, Ah-cpsS apgp-h≥ t]cp-sSbpw ta¬

FXn¿InkvXp B[n-]Xyw ÿm]n-°pw. ‘Zm\o-tbepw

shfn-∏mSpw 10 Im¬hn-c-ep-Isf ]cm-a¿in-°p∂p (Zm-

\o. 7:7, 20,24; shfn.12:3;13:1;17:3,7,16). Zm\o. 7:24 Dw shfn.

17:12 Dw hy‡-am-Ip-∂Xp ]Øp cmPm-°-∑m¿ / cmPy-

ßƒ F∂n-h-sb-bmWp 10 sImºp-Iƒ ImWn-°p-∂-

sX-∂m-Wv.

“Cu cmPy-Øp-\n-∂p≈ ]Øp sImºp-Itfm,

Fgp-t∂-ev°m-\n-cn-°p∂ ]Øp cmPm-°-∑m¿

BIp-∂p...” (Zm\o. 7:24).

“\o I≠ ]Øp sImºp -Itfm ]Øp cmPm-

°-∑m-cm-Ip-∂p...” (shfn. 17:12).

\ho\tdmans\ BI-an-°p-tºmƒ FXn¿InkvXp

aq∂p cmPm-°-∑msc \in-∏n-°p-∂p-sh∂ Nn¥-bpsS

ASn-ÿm-\-amWp Zm\o. 7:8 Dw 7:24-Dw.

“Rm≥ B sImºpIsf t\m°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-

tºmƒ, Ah-bpsSbnS-bn¬ as‰mcp sNdnb

sImºp apf-®p-h-cp∂p; AXn-\m¬ apºn-esØ

sImºp-I-fn¬ aq∂p thtcmsS ]dn-™p-

t]mbn; Cu sImºn¬ a\p-jys‚ IÆp-t]mse

IÆpw hºp ]d-bp∂ hmbpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p....

Cu cmPy-Øp-\n-∂p≈ 10 sImºp-I-tfm, Fgp-

t∂¬°m-\n-cn-°p∂ 10 cmPm-°-∑m-cm-Ip∂p;

Ah-cpsS tijw as‰m-cp-Ø≥ Fgp-t∂¬°pw;

Ah≥ apºn-e-Ø-h-tcmSp hyXym-k-ap-≈-h-\mbn

aq∂p cmPm -°-∑msc hogn -®p -I -fbpw”(Zm\o. 7:8, 24).

\in-∏n-°-s∏´ aq∂p cmPm-°-∑m¿°p ]I-c-ambn

FXn¿InkvXp ]mh-t\-Xm-°sf Ah-tcm-[n-°pw,

]ns∂ Ah\p Iog-S-ßnb 10 cmPm-°-∑m-tcm-sSm∏w

Ah≥ apgp-h≥ kmam-Py-sØbpw cn°pw (sh-fn. 17:12-

˛13 ImWp-I). \ho-\-tdmam kmam-Py-Øns‚ taep≈

Ahs‚ A[n-Imcw \S-°p-∂Xp Nne-t∏mƒ atlm-]-

Z-h-Øns‚ BZy-]-Ip-Xn-bn-em-bn-cn°pw (A-Yhm

c≠mw ]Ip-Xn-bpsS XpS-°-Øn¬). temIsØ


463

apgph≥ 3 1/2 h¿jw Ah≥ \nb-¥n-°p-sa∂ hkvXp-

X-bn¬ \n∂mWv Cu Bibw hcp-∂Xv (Zm-\o. 7:25;

shfn. 13:5).

e. FXn¿InkvXphpw bnkm-tb-ens‚ djy≥ BI-a-

Whpw

Zm\o. 11:36˛Dw sbsl. 38- 39 Dw tbmPn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-

\p≈ sXfnhv ASpØ `mK-Øn¬ hcpw. Zm\o. 11s‚

HSp-hn-ep≈ hSs° cmPy-Øns‚ cmPmhv “amtKmKv

tZi-Ønse tKmKv BsW-¶n¬ (sb-sl. 38 -39), hS-

°≥ kJy-Øns‚ bnkm-tb¬ BI-a-W-Øn¬

FXn¿In-kvXp-hn\v Hcp ]¶p-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. hS-°≥

kJyw djybpw kJy-I-£n-I-fp-am-Wv. atlm-]-

Zha≤y-Øn¬ bnkm-tb-ep-am-bp≈ kam-[m\ DS-º-

Sn-bpsS ewL-\-am-Wn-sX∂p Nne¿ ImWp-∂p. AXv

]Xn-tcm-[-an-√msX bnkm-tb-ens\ BI-an-°m≥

djysb ss[cy-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. t\tc-a-dn-®v, djy-bpsS

BI-a-W-Øn\p apºp bnkm-tb-en\p kpc-£n-XXzw

A\p- -h-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\m¬ (sb-l. 38:8,11,14), At∏mgpw

FXn¿In-kvXp-hns\ Xß-fpsS kwc-£-I-\mbn

bnkm-tb¬ Icp-Xp-∂p-sh∂p Nn¥n-°p-∂-XmWp

\√Xv (bn-km-tb-ens\ XI¿°m-\p≈ cl-ky-]-≤Xn

djy-tbmSv Ah≥ ]d-™m-epw). DS-º-Sn-\ne ]cn-K-

Wn-°m-sX-X-s∂, bp≤-Øn¬ FXn¿In-kvXp-hn\v Hcp

]¶p-≠v. Hcp]t£, bnkm-tb-en¬ djy-s°-Xnsc

FXn¿InkvXp ]S-sbm-cp°w \S-Øp-∂-Xn\p ka-bw

In´p-∂-Xn\p aptº ssZhw amtKm-Kns\ \in-∏n-°pw.

]t£ Zm\o. 11:42˛ NnXo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv, djy-bpsS kJy-

I-£n-Isf ]Ir-Xym-Xo-X-amb Hcp bp≤-Øm¬ ssZhw

]cm-P-b-s∏-SpØn Ab-®-Xn-\p-tijw FXn¿InkvXp

hS-°p-In-g-°≥ B^n-°sb BI-an-°p-Itbm XpS-

®p-\o-°p-Itbm sNøp-sa-∂m-Wv.

“cmPmthm CjvSw-t]mse ]h¿Øn°pw;



Øns‚ t\tc A]q¿∆-Im-cy-ßsf kwkm-cn-°p-

I-bpw, tIm]w \nhr-Øn-bm-Ip-thmfw Ah\p

Imcyw km[n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw; \n¿Æ-bn-°-s∏-

´n-cn-°p-∂Xp kw -hn-°p-a-t√m... ]ns∂ A¥y-

Im-eØp sXt° tZi-Ønse cmPmhv Ah-

t\mSv G‰p-ap´pw; hS-t°-tZ-i-Ønse cmPmhv cY-

ß-tfmSpw IpXn-c-∏-S-bm-fn-I-tfmSpw hfsc I∏-

ep-I-tfmSpw IqsS Npg-en-°m-‰p-t]mse Ahs‚

t\tc hcpw; Ah≥ tZi-ß-fn-te-°p-h∂p

Ihn™p IS-∂p-t]mIpw; Ah≥ at\m-l-c-tZ-

i-Øn-te°pw IS-°pw... Ah≥ tZi-ß-fpsS

t\tc ssI\o- pw, ank-bow tZihpw Hgn-™p-

t]m-hp-I-bn-√. Ah≥ s]m∂pw sh≈n-bp-amb

\nt£-]-ß-sfbpw ank-bo-anse at\m-l-c-h-

kvXp-°-sfbpw ssIh-i-am°pw; eq_ycpw Iqiy-

cpw Ahs‚ Zmk-∑m-cm-bn-cn°pw” (Zm\o. 11:36,

40- 41, 42- 43).

djy-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn-ep≈ hS-°≥ kJy-Øns‚

XI¿®-bn¬ \n∂v FXn¿In-kvXp-hn\p \n›-b-ambpw

]tbm-P-\-ap-≠m-Ipw. djysb XI¿°p-∂-Xp-aqew

FXn¿In-kvXp-hns\ ]tcm-£-ambn ssZhw klm-bn-

°p-I-bm-sW-∂Xp h√msX tXm∂mw. F∂m-epw, H∂m-

asØ temI-tkz-—m-[n-]-Xnsb Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠p

apt∂m- p-t]m-Im-\p≈ ssZh-Øns‚ ]≤-Xn-bpsS ka-

b-am-W-Xv. s]s´∂p Xs∂ bnkm-tb¬, CuPn-]v‰v,

en_n-b, FtXm]y F∂nh ssIb-S-°pw. Iog-S-°-s∏´

hS-°≥ i‡n-Iƒ amX-amWv FXn¿In-kvXp-hns\

temIm-[n-]-Xy-Øn¬ \n∂p ]n≥h-en-°m≥ Ign-hp≈

a\p-jy-kJysa∂v F√m-hcpw Kln-°m≥ A[n-I-k-

abw th≠n-h-cn-√. Ct∏mƒ Ah\v CjvSw-t]mse

]h¿Øn°mw(bn-km-tb-ens‚ Hcp ssIb-S°w

Dƒs∏-sS, blp-Z-∑m-cp-am-bp≈ GXv DS-º-Sn-sbbpw

A¥n-a-ambn C√m-Xm-°m-\p≈ AS-bm-f-am-W-Xv).

f. A¥na temIm-[n-]Xyw

atlm-]-Z-h-Øns‚ Ah-km\ 3 1/2 h¿j-°m-

e-b-f-hn¬, FXn¿In-kvXphpw (km-Øm-\pw)

temIm-[n-]Xyw \S-∏n-em°pw (sb-i. 14:16

˛17;4:8˛9 ImWp-I).

hºpw Zqj-Whpw kwkm-cn -°p∂ hmbv

AXn\p e`n®p; \mev]-Øn-c-≠p- amkw

]h¿Øn-°m≥ A[n-Im-chpw e`n-®p.... hnip-

≤-∑m-tcmSp bp≤w sNbvXv Ahsc Pbn-°m\pw

AXn\v A[nImcw e`n-®p. kI-e-tKm-X-Øn-

t∑epw hwi-Øn-t∑epw mj-taepw PmXn-taepw

A[n-Im-chpw e`n-®p. temI-ÿm-]\w apX¬

Adp-°-s∏´ Ip™m-Sns‚ Poh-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬

t]sc-gp-Xn-bn-´n-√mØ `qhm-kn-I-sfm-s°bpw

AXns\ \a-kv°-cn°pw (sh-fn. 13:5, 7˛8).

atlm-]-Z-h-Øns‚ Ah-km-\-]-IpXn ssZh-\ym-b-hn-

[n-bp-sSbpw hnip-≤-∑msc FXn¿InkvXp ]oUn-∏n-°p-

∂-Xns‚ t]cn¬ alm-tam-i-am-bn-cn-°p-sa-¶n-epw, BZy-

]-IpXn ]mY-an-I-ambn “bp≤ß-fp-tSXpw bp≤-ip-Xn-

I-fp-tS-Xp-”ambncn-°pw. “arKtØmSp Xp√y≥ Bcv?

Ah-t\mSp s]mcp-Xm≥ B¿°p Ignbpw” F∂

tNmZyw (sh-fn. 13:4) ImWn-°p-∂-Xv, FXn¿In-kvXp-

hns‚ tkz—m-[n-]-Xy-Øn≥ Iogn¬ am\p-jn-I-bp-≤-

ßƒ Ipd-bm-\p-ff ]h-W-X-bp-s≠-∂m-Wv. bmsXmcp

am\p-jn-I-i-‡n-Ifpw Ah-t\mSp s]mcp-Xm-\m-hn-√.


464

g. temIm[n-Im-c-Øn-te°v Db-cm-\p≈ FXn¿

In-kvXp-hns‚ am¿§w

temI-Øns‚ iq\ym-hÿ FXn¿InkvXp ]tbm-P-

\-s∏-SpØpw (a-Ømbn 24:6˛8; eqt°mkv 21:25-˛26;

shfn.6:3˛8). Ahs‚ cmjvSo-b-X¥w AXns‚ ]q¿Æ-

ti-jn-bn¬ hn\n-tbm-Kn°pw (Zm-\o. 7:8 “hfsc hºp

]d-bp-∂”, apX-em-b-h). kmØm-\y -A-S-bm-f-ßƒ

A¤p-X-ßƒ F∂nh aqehpw Ah≥ h©n°pw (2

sX . 2:9; shfn. 13:2, 4, 13- 15, 16:13- 14). amc-I-amb

apdn-th-‰n´pw FXn¿In-kvXp-hns\ kmØm≥ Dbn¿∏n-

°p-sa-∂-Xn\p kqN-\-I-fp≠v (sh-fn. 13:3,12). F∂m-

epw, “arKw” (shfn∏m-Snse) apgp-h≥ cmPy-sØbpw

kqNn-∏n-°mw. Poh≥ ]m]n-°p-∂-Xv, A¥y-Im-eØv

“Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬°p∂” tdmamkmamPyw Bbn-cn-

°mw. A¤p-X-ßƒ IqSm-sX, Hcp I]-S-a-Xhpw

FXn¿InkvXp D]-tbm-Kn-°p-sa∂p Xo¿®. A[n-Im-

c-sØ, kmº-ØnI/ in£m A\p-hm-Z-ß-fp-ambn

tbmPn-∏n®v Ahs\ Bcm-[n-°m-Ø-h¿s°-Xnsc

Ah≥ D]-tbm-Kn°pw (sh-fn. 13:8˛18; 17:1˛5). Ah-km

\w Ahs\ \in-∏n-°p∂Xn\p-th≠n ]c-am-h[n Db-

cm≥ ssZhw Ahs\ klm-bn°pw (2 sX . 2:11- 12).

4. FXn¿In-kvXp-hns‚ hy‡n-Xz-Kp-W-ßfpw \b-

ßfpw

a. bnkmtbep-ambn Ah≥ DS-º-Sn-bp-≠m-°p-Ibpw

AXp ewLn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. Ahs‚ e£yw

t\Sphm\p≈ GXp hnizm-k-h-©-\bv°pw Ah\p

Ign-hp≠v (Zm-\o. 9:27).

b. F√m blq-Z-∑m-scbpw atlm-]-Z-h-Imehnip-≤-∑m-

scbpw FXn¿InkvXp ITn-\-ambn shdp-°pw. DZv]m-

]-W-Øn-\p-tijw At\Iw blp-Z-∑mcpw PmXn-Ifpw

InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn°pw (sh-fn. 6:9˛11; 7:3,9,14).

CXns‚ tijw kIe PmXn-I-fnepw tKmX-

ß-fnepw hwi-ß-fnepw mj-I-fnepw \n∂v D≈-

Xmbn B¿°pw FÆn-°q-SmØ Hcp alm-]p-cp-

jmcw sh≈\n-e-b¶n [cn®p ssIbn¬ Ipcp-

tØm-e-bp-ambn knwlm-k-\-Øn\pw Ip™m-

Sn\pw apºmsI \n¬°p-∂Xp Rm≥ I≠p....

aq∏-∑m-cn¬ Hcp-Ø≥ Ft∂mSv: sh≈-\n-e-b¶n

[cn-®n-cn-°p∂ Ch¿ Bcv? Fhn-sS-\n∂p h∂p

F∂p tNmZn-®p. bP-am-\≥ Adn-b-at√m F∂p

Rm≥ ]d-™-Xn\v Ah≥ Ft∂mSp ]d-™Xv:

Ch¿ alm-I-jvS-Øn¬ \n∂p h∂-h¿.

Ip™m-Sns‚ c‡-Øn¬ Xß-fpsS A¶n

Ae°n shfp-∏n-®n-cn-°p∂p (sh-fn. 7:9,13- 14).

Cu hnip-≤-∑m¿, hniz-kn-°p-∂tXm Ahn-iz-kn-°p-

∂tXm Bb F√m blq-Z-∑m¿°psam∏w FXn¿In-

kvXp-aqew sImSnb ]oU\w t\cnSpw (sh-fn. 11:7˛8).

aq∂n¬ c≠p `mKw blq-Z-∑m¿ \in-®p-t]mIpw

(skJ. 13:8˛9).

“B sImºp hnip-≤-∑mtcmSp bp≤w sNbvXv

Ahsc Pbn-°p-∂Xp Rm≥ I≠p... Ah≥

AXyp-∂-X-\m-b-h\p hntcm-[-ambn hºp ]d-bp-

Ibpw AXyp-∂-X-\m-b-hs‚ hnip-≤-∑msc HSp-

°n-°-f-bp-Ibpw ka-b-ß-sfbpw \nb-a-ß-

sfbpw am‰p-hm≥ ian-°p-Ibpw sNøpw;

Imehpw Ime-ßfpw Imemw-ihpw Ah¿

Ahs‚ Iøn¬ Fev]n -°-s∏-ń -cn -°pw”(Zm\o. 7:21,25).

“F∂m¬ k¿∆-tZ-i-Ønepw aq∂n¬ c≠wiw

tOZn-°-s∏´p ]mWs\ hnSpw; aq∂n¬

Hcwiw tijn-®n-cn°pw F∂p btlm-h-bpsS

Acp-f-∏m-Sv. aq∂n¬ Hcwiw Rm≥ Xobn¬°qSn

IS-Øn-sh≈n DuXn-°-gn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse

Ahsc DuXn-°-gn°pw; s]m∂p tim[\ Ign-

°p-∂-Xp-t]mse Ahsc tim[\ Ign°pw;

Ah¿ Fs‚ \masØ hnfn-®-t]-£n-°p-Ibpw

Rm≥ Ah¿°v DØ-c-a-cp-fp-Ibpw sNøpw;

Ah¿ Fs‚ P\sa∂p Rm≥ ]dbpw; btlmh

Fs‚ ssZh-sa∂v Ahcpw ]dbpw”(skJ. 13:8˛9).

“B \mfp-Iƒ Npcp-ßm-Xn-cp-∂m¬ Hcp PUhpw

c£n-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn√; hrX-∑m¿ \nan-Øtam B

\mfp-Iƒ Npcpßpw” (aØm-bn 24:22).

“BebØn\p ]pd-Øp≈ `mKw Af-°msX

hnt´-°pI; AXp PmXn-Iƒ°p sImSp-Øn-cn-

°p∂p; Ah¿ hnip-≤-\-K-csØ \mev]-Øn-

c≠p amkw Nhn- pw.” (shfn. 11:2).

kz¿§-Øn¬ hen-tbmcp AS-bmfw ImW-s∏´p;

kqcys\ AWn-t™mcp kvXo; Ah-fpsS

Im¬°ogv Nµ\pw Ah-fpsS Xe-bn¬ ]¥-

≠p- \-£Xw sIm≠p≈ Inco-Shpw D≠m-bn-

cp-∂p. Ahƒ K¿`n-Wn-bmbn t\mhp-Inń thZ-

\-s∏´p \ne-hn-fn-®p.... Ahƒ kI-e-Pm-Xn-I-

sfbpw Ccp -ºp -tIm¬sIm≠p tabv°m-

\pt≈mcp BÏp-ńsb ]k-hn®p; Ipń

ssZh-Øns‚ ASp-°-te°pw Ahs‚ knwlm-

k-\-Øn-te-°pw s]s´∂v FSp-°-s∏´p. kvXo

acp-`q-an-bn-te°v HmSn-t∏m-Sn; AhnsS Ahsf

1260 Znhkw t]mt‰-≠-Xn\p ssZhw Hcp-°n-

tbmcp ÿew Ah¿°p-≠v.... Xs∂ `qan-bn-

te°p X≈n°f™p F∂p alm-k¿∏w


465

I≠n´v BÏp-ńsb ]k-hn® kvXosb

D]-Z-hn®p XpS-ßn. At∏mƒ kvXo°p acp- q-

an-bn¬ Xs‚ ÿe-tØ°p ]d-∂p-t]m-tI-≠-

Xn\p henb Igp-Is‚ c≠p NndIp e`n®p;

AhnsS Ahse k¿∏-tØmSv AIse Hcp

Imehpw Ccp-Im-ehpw Ac-°m-ehpw t]m‰n

c£n®p (sh-fn. 12.1- 2, 5˛6, 13- 14).

hnip-≤-∑m-tcmSp bp≤w sNbvXv Ahsc Pbn-

°m\pw AXn\v A[n-Imcw e`n®p; kI-e-tKm-

X-Øn-t∑epw hwi-Øn-t∑epw `mj-taepw

PmXn-taepw A[n-Im-chpw e`n®p (sh-fn. 13:7).

ASn-a-bm°n sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-∂-h≥ ASn-a-bm-bn-

t∏mIpw; hmƒsIm≠p sIm√p-∂-h≥ hmfm¬

acn-t°-≠n-hcpw; ChnsS hnip-≤-∑mcpsS kln-

jvWp-Xbpw hnizm-khpw sIm≠v Bhiyw

(shfn. 13:10).

arK-Øns‚ ]Xna kwkm-cn-t°-≠-Xn\pw arK-

Øns‚ ]Xn-asb \a-kv°-cn-°m-Ø-hsc

Hs°bpw sIm√n-t°-≠-Xn\pw arK-Øns‚

]Xn-abv°v Bflm-hns\ sImSp-°m≥ AXn\p

_ew e`n-®p. AXp sNdn-b-hcpw hen-b-hcpw

kº-∂-∑mcpw Zcn-Z-∑mcpw kzX-¥-∑mcp Zmk-

∑m-cp-amb F√m-h-¿°pw hess¶ tatem s\‰n-

bntem apZ-In-´p-am-dpw, arK-Øns‚ t]tcm

t]cns‚ kwJytbm Bb apZ-bp-≈-h-\-√msX

hmßp-Itbm hn¬°p-Itbm sNøm≥ hln-°m-

sXbpw BIp∂p (sh-fn. 13:15- 17).

c. a‰t\-I-hn- m-K-ßƒ°p Iogn¬ kqNn-∏n-®n- p-≈-Xp-

t]m-se, N°-c-hm-°p-sIm≠v Bfp-Isf hi-Øm-°m≥

Ign-bp∂ Hcp hm‹n-bm-bn-cn°pw FXn¿In-kvXp.

ssZh-Zq-jWw ]d-bp-∂-Xn-¬ Ah≥ AK-K-Wy-\m-bn-

cn-°pw.

“Rm≥ B sImºp-Isf t\m°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-

tºmƒ, Ah-bpsS CS-bn¬ as‰mcp sNdnb

sImºp apf-®p-h∂p; AXn-\m¬ apºn-esØ



hºp ]d-bp∂ hmbpw D≠m-bn -cp∂p”(Zm\o. 7:8).

“At∏mƒ sImºp kwkm-cn® henb hm°p-

I-fpsS i_vZw \nanØw Rm≥ t\m°n ...”(Zm\o. 7:11).

“AXns‚ Xe-bn-ep≈ ]Øp sImºp-I-sf-°p-

dn®pw apf-®p-h-∂Xpw aq∂p sImºp hogn-®Xpw

IÆpw hºp -]-d-bp-∂- hmbpw D≈Xpw Iq´p-

sIm-ºp-I-sf-°mƒ ImgvNbv°p hÆ-ta-dn-b-Xp-

amb at‰ sImºn-s\-°p-dn®pw D≈ hnhcw

Adn-bm≥ Rm≥ C—n®p” (Zm\o. 7:20).

“Ah≥ AXyp-∂-X-\m-b-h∂p hntcm-[-am-bn-

hºp ]d-bp-Ibpw...” (Zm\o. 7:25).




Øns‚ t\tc A]q¿∆-Im-cy-ßsf kwkm-cn-

°p-Ibpw...” (Zm\o. 11:36).

“...Xe-bn¬ Zqj-W-\m-a-ßfpw Dt≈mcp arKw...

Ib-dp-∂Xp Rm≥ I≠p ... AXns‚ hmbv

knwl-Øns‚ hmbv t]msebpw Bbn-cp∂p”(sh-fn. 13:1˛2).

“hºpw Zqj-Whpw kwkm-cn-°p∂ hmbv

AXn\p e`n®p; \mev]-Øn-c≠p amkw

]h¿Øn-°m≥ A[n-Im-chpw e`n-®p. AXp

ssZh-Øns‚ \ma-sØbpw Ahs‚ IqSm-c-

sØbpw kz¿§-Øn¬ hkn-°p-∂-h-scbpw Zpjn-

°m≥ ssZh-Zq-j-W-Øn-\mbn hmbv Xpd∂p”(shfn. 13:5˛6).

Ah≥ Fs∂ Bflm-hn¬ acp-`q-an-bn-te°p

sIm≠p-t]mbn. At∏mƒ Ggp Xebpw ]Øp-

sImºpw D≈-Xmbn Zqj-W-\m-a-ßƒ \nd™p

ISp-©p-h-∏p-t≈mcp arK-Øn-t∑¬ Hcp kvXo

Ccn-°p-∂Xp Rm≥ I≠p (sh-fn. 17:3).

d. FXn¿InkvXp ssZhXzw Ah-Im-i-s∏´pw Bcm-

[\ BK-ln-°p-∂Xv Ah≥ \n¿Øp-I-bn-√. Ah-\Xv

Bh-iy-s∏Spw (Zm-\o. 9:27; 12:11).



taembn al-Xzo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw ssZhm-[n-ssZ-

h-Øns‚ t\tc A]q¿∆-Im-cy-ßsf kwkm-cn-

°p-I-bpw, tIm]w \nhr-Øn-bm-Ip-thmfw Ah\p

Imcyw km[n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw; \n¿Æ-bn-°-s∏-

ń-cn-°p-∂Xp kw -hn-°p-at√m” (Zm\o. 11:36).

“F∂m¬ Zm\o-tb¬]hm-N-I≥ apJm-¥cw

Acp-fn-sN-bvX-Xp-t]mse iq\y-am-°p∂ tæ—X

hnip-≤-ÿ-eØp \n¬°p-∂Xp \nßƒ ImWp-

tºmƒ (hm -bn -°p -∂-h≥ Kln -°-s´). . .

(a-Ømbn 24:15; a¿.13:14).


BZyta hnizm-k-XymKw kw -hn-°p-Ibpw \mi-

tbm-Ky\pw A[¿Ω-aq¿Øn-bp-am-b-h≥ shfn-


466

s∏Sp-Ibpw thWw. Ah≥ ssZhm-e-b-Øn¬

C-cp-∂p-sIm≠v ssZh-sa∂p \Sn-®v, ssZh-sa-

t∂m, ]qPm-hn-j-b-sat∂m t]cp≈ kI-e-

Øn\pw aosX Xs∂Øm≥ Db¿Øp∂ FXn-

cm-fn-btX (2 sX . 2:3˛4).

arK-Øn\v A[n-Imcw sImSp-ØXp-sIm≠v

Ah¿ alm-k¿∏sØ \a-kv°-cn-®p. arK-

tØmSp Xp√y≥ Bcv? AXn-t\mSp s]mcp-Xm≥

B¿°p Ignbpw F∂p ]d™p arK-sØbpw

\a-kv°-cn-®p... temI-ÿ-m]\w apX¬ Adp-°-

s∏´ Ip™m-Sns‚ Poh-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬ t]sc-

gp -Xn -bn -ń -√mØ `qhm-kn-Iƒ Hs°bpw

AXns\ \a-kv°-cn-°pw... AXv H∂m-asØ

arK-Øns‚ apºmsI Xs‚ A[n-Im-c-ß-sf√mw

\S-Øn- q-an-sbbpw AXn¬ hkn-°p-∂-h-scbpw

ac-W-I-c-amb apdnhp s]mdp-Øp-t]mb H∂mw

arKsØ \a-kv°-cn -°p -am -dm -Ip -∂p.

(sh-fn. 13:4,8,12).

I≈]hm-N-I≥ (sh-fn. 13:11˛;16:13;19:20) arKsØ

Bcm-[n-°m-\p≈ Hcp ]NcW]-cn-]mSn \bn-°p-∂p.

AXn¬ arK-Øns‚ amc-I-amb apdn-hns‚ kuJyhpw

(sh-fn. 13;3,12,14), A¤p-X-ßfpw (-sh-fn.13;13˛14; 16:13˛13-

˛14; 19:20) arK-Øns‚ ]Xna kwkm-cn-°p-∂Xpw

(sh-fn. 13:15) AS-ßn-tb-°mw.

arKsØ Bcm-[n-°m≥ hnk-Ω-Xn-°p-∂-h¿°p kmº-

ØnI in£-bpw (sh-fn. 13:16-˛17) ac-Whpw (sh-fn.

13:150 A\p- -hn-t°-≠n-h-cpw, Hcp-]t£ BIm-i-Øp-

\n-∂n-d-ßp∂ Xobpw Imc-W-amIpw (sh-fn. 13:13). Cu

]N-c-Whpw A¤p-X-ßfpw IqSn `qcn-`mKw temI-

sØbpw arKsØ Bcm-[n-°p-am-dm°pw (sh-fn. 13:8),

Ahs‚ apZ G¬°p-am-dm°pw (666, shfn. 13:17˛18).

e. FXn¿In-kvXphpw _m_n-temWpw

shfn. 17 se _m_n-tem¨ hymP-a-X-sØ-bmWv kqNn-

∏n-°p-∂-Xv. ImcWw “thiy''sb-∂-Xns‚ A¿∞w

Bflo-b-hy-`n-Nm-c-sa-∂m-Wv. Ncn-X-]-c-amb _m_n-

tem¨ I]-S-aX-bp-ambn _‘-ap-≈-Xm-Wv. FXn¿

InkvXp AXns\ \n›-b-ambpw D]-tbm-Kn-°pw.

F¶n-epw, ]mY-an-I-ambn _m_n-tem¨ Hcp \K-chpw

hym]m-c-tI-µ-hp-amWv (sh-fn. 17:18, 18:3, 10 ff). _m_n-

tem-Wns\ FXn¿In-kvXp-hns‚ kJy-I-£n-bm-bn-°m-

Wp-s∂-¶nepw Xosc-°p-d-™Xp djy-bpsS \mi-

Øn\p tijw), FXn¿InkvXp AXns\ \in-∏n°pw

(ssZ-h-Øns‚ ]≤-Xn-bn¬). CXp c≠mw BK-a-\-

Øn\p sXm´p-apºp \S-°p-∂-Xm-bmWp ImWp-∂-Xv.

\o I≠ 10 sImºpw arKhpw thiysb

tZzjn®p iq\yhpw \·-bp-am°n Ah-fpsS

amwkw Xn∂p-I-fbpw; Ahsf Xo sIm≠p Zln-

∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. ssZh-Øns‚ hN\w \nhr-

Øn-bm-Ip-thm-fw, Xs‚ lnXw sNøm\pw Htc

A`n-]mbw \S-Øp-hm\pw Xß-fpsS cmPXzw

arK-Øn\p sImSp-°m\pw ssZhw Ah-cpsS

lrZ-b-Øn¬ tXm∂n®p (sh-fn. 17:16˛17).

f. FXn¿InkvXp-hns\ kw_-‘n® Nne hkvXp-X-Iƒ

]mc-º-cy-co-Xn-Iƒ am‰m≥ Xs‚ c-W-Im-eØv Ah≥

t\m°pw “...ka-b-ß-sfbpw \nb-a-ß-sfbpw am‰m≥

ian°pw” (Zm\o.7:25). Hcp ]t£, ]c-º-cm-KX Ie≥

U¿, bYm¿∞ InkvXphns\-°p-dn®p temIsØ

Hm¿Ω-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn\m¬, AXns\ amt‰-≠Xv Bh-

iy-am-bn-cn-°pw.

FXn¿InkvXp [m¿Ωn-I-Xbv°v bmsXmcp hnebpw

Iev]n -°p -I-bn -√. “CjvSw t]mse ]h¿Øn-

°p”sa∂Xv (Zm-\o. 11:36), Ahs‚ ]nXm-°-∑m-cpsS

ssZhsØ (ssZh-ßsfsbm∂pw) Ah≥ _lp-am-

\n°p-I-bn√ (Zm-\o. 11:37). “\mitbmKy-s\” ∂pw

“A[¿Ω-aq¿Øn”sb∂pap≈ t]cp-Iƒ Ahs\

]utemkv \¬Ip-∂Xv Ahs‚ kz`m-hsØ XnI®pw

shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-XmWv (2 sX .2). “tImÍfpsS

tZhs\” (Zm\o. 11:38) Bcm-[n-°p∂ Ah≥ ssk\n-

I-ambpw cmjvSo-b-ambpw AXn-_p-≤n-am-\m-bn-cn-°pw.

ap≥]p≈ kI-e-`-cW[nImcnIsfbpw `cWIqSß

sfbpwImƒ Ah\pw Ahs‚ `cWIqShpw

hyXykvXambncn°psa∂p Zm\otbepw shfn∏mSpw

Du∂n∏dbp∂p (Zm\o 7:7,19, 23, 24, hyXykvXamb

F∂ ]Zw i≤n°pI; shfn. 13:4).

5. FXn¿InkvXphns‚ hn[nbpw `mKt[bhpw

FXn¿InkvXphneqsS kmØms‚ `cWØns‚

A¥yw shfn∏mSp]pkvXIØns‚ Ahkm\

A≤ymbßfn¬ hnhcn®Xpt]mse \S°pw.

Ing°ns‚ cmPm°∑m¿ a≤y]q¿∆tZtØ°p(shfn.

16:12)\oßpw. `qX_m[nX¿ Dƒs∏Sp∂ B ssk\y

ambncn°mw InkvXphns‚ c≠mw BKa\sØ

]Xntcm[n°m≥ \oßp∂Xv.

BdmaØh≥ Xs‚ Ieiw bq^ókv F∂

alm\Znbn¬ Hgn®p; Ing°p\n∂p hcp∂

cmPm°∑m¿°p hgn Hcptß≠p∂Xn\v AXn

se sh≈w h‰nt∏mbn. almk¿∏Øns‚ hm

bn¬ \n∂p Xhfsbt∏mse aq∂p Aip≤m

flm°ƒ ]pds∏Sp∂Xp Rm≥ I≠p. Ch

k¿∆`qXeØnepap≈ cmPm°∑msc k¿∆


467

i‡\mb ssZhØns‚ almZnhkØnse

bp≤Øn\p Iqńt®¿°m≥ A¤pXßƒ

sNbvXpsIm≠v AhcpsS ASp°te°p

]pds∏Sp∂ `qXmflm°ƒ Xs∂.... Ah

Ahsc F_mb`mjbn¬ l¿ΩsKt±m≥

F∂p t]cp≈ ÿeØv Iqńt®¿Øp

(shfn. 16:12- 14,16).

Cu kabamIptºmtg°pw shfn∏mSv 18˛¬ hnhcn®n

cn°p∂Xpt]mse(18:20˛21). _m_ntem¨ \KcsØ

ssZhw \in∏n°p∂p. shfn. 17:17 ]Imcw _m_n

temWns\ \in∏n°m≥ ssZhw FXn¿InkvXphns\

D]tbmKn°p∂p(A\nhmcyamb in£bv°mbn

hnPmXob¿ ImØncn°ptºmƒ A`‡cpsS Iq´

Øn¬ Fs¥¶nepw Ielapt≠m?). FXn¿InkvXp

hpw Ahs‚ ssk\yhpw Ip™mSpambn bp≤w

sNøpw. ]t£ apgptemIØns‚bpw ssk\nIi‡n

InkvXphns\ sNdp°phm≥ IgnbmØXn\m¬

AsXmcp ""bp≤''sam∂pw Bbncn°pIbn√.

""]ns∂ Ah≥ kapZØn\pw alXzap≈

hnip≤]¿∆XØn\pw at≤y aWn∏¥¬ CSpw;

AhnsS Ah≥ A¥cn°pw; Ahs\

c£n°pIbpan√'' (Zm\o. 11:45).

""At∏mƒ A[¿Ωaq¿Øn shfns∏´phcpw;

Ahs\ I¿Ømhmb tbip Xs‚ hmbnse

izmkØm¬ HSp°n Xs‚ ]Xy£XbpsS

]`mhØm¬ \in∏n°pw''(2 sX . 2:8).

""Ah¿ Ip™mSnt\mSp t]mcmSpw; Xm≥

I¿Øm[nI¿Ømhpw cmPm[ncmPmhpw

BIsIm≠v Ip™mSv Xt∂mSpIqsS

hnfn°s∏´hcpw hnizkvXcpambn Ahsc

Pbn°pw'' (shfn. 17:14).

""A\¥cw kz¿§w Xpd∂ncn°p∂Xp Rm≥

I≠p; Hcp sh≈°pXnc ]Xy£ambn; AXn

t∑¬ Ccn°p∂h\p hnizkvX\pw kXyhm\pw

F∂v t]cv. Ah≥ \oXntbmsS hn[n°pIbpw

t]mcmSpIbpw sNøp∂p. Ahs‚ IÆv A·n

Pzme, Xebn¬ At\Iw cmPapSnIƒ; FgpX

s∏´ Hcp \mahpw Ah\p≠v; AXv Ah\

√msX B¿°pw Adn™pIqSm. Ah≥ c‡w

Xfn® DSp∏p [cn®ncn°p∂p; Ah\p ssZh

hN\w F∂p t]cp ]dbp∂p. kz¿§Ønse

ssk\yw \n¿Ωehpw ip`hpamb hntij

hkvXw [cn®p sh≈°pXnc∏pdØp Ibdn

Ahs\ A\pKan®p. PmXnIsf sh´phm≥

Ahs‚ hmbn¬\n∂p aq¿®bp≈ hmƒ ]pd

s∏Sp∂p. Ah≥ CcpºptIm¬sIm≠v Ahsc

tabv°pw; k¿∆i‡nbp≈ ssZhØns‚

tIm]hpw tIm[hpamb aZyØns‚ N°v

Ah≥ saXn°p∂p. cmPm[ncmPmhpw I¿

Øm[nI¿Ømhpw F∂ \maw Ahs‚

DSp∏nt∑epw XpStaepw FgpXnbncn°p∂p. Hcp

ZqX≥ kqcy\n¬ \n¬°p∂Xp Rm≥ I≠p;

Ah≥ BImiat≤y ]d°p∂ kIe ]£n

ItfmSpw: cmPm°∑mcpsS amwkhpw hoc∑mcp

sS amwkhpw IpXncIfpsSbpw IpXnc∏pdØn

cn°p∂hcpsSbpw amwkhpw kzX¥∑mcpw

Zmk∑mcpw sNdnbhcpw henbhcpamb F√m

hcpsSbpw amwkhpw Xn∑m≥ alm ssZhØn

s‚ AØmgØn\p h∂p IqSphn≥ F∂v

Dds° hnfn®p ]d™p. IpXnc∏dØncn

°p∂ht\mSpw Ahs‚ ssk\ytØmSpw

bp≤w sNøm≥ arKhpw `qcmPm°∑mcpw

AhcpsS ssk\yhpw H∂n®ph∂p IqSnbXp

Rm≥ I≠p(shfn. 19:11- 19).

l¿ΩsKt±m\ptijw arKsØbpw I≈]hmNI

s\bpw Xos∏mbvIbnte°v Fdnbpw. Hcp ZqX≥

AKm[Iq]Ønte°p kmØms\ Fdnbpw(shfn. 20:1-

˛3). cmPyØns‚ HSphn¬ kmØm\v Aev]Im

etØ°v Hcp tamN\ap≠mIpw(shfn. 20:7˛9),

At∏mƒ arKØn\pw I≈]hmNI\pw \nXyin£

bn¬ \n∂v Hcp\nanjwt]mepw hnSpXen√ 1000

h¿jsØ cmPyØn\ptijw kmØm\pw Ahtcm

sSm∂n®p Xos∏mbvIbnemIpw.

arKsØbpw AXns‚ apºmsI Xm≥ sNbvX

ASbmfßfm¬ a\pjysc NXn®p arKØns‚

apZ G¬∏n°pIbpw AXns‚ ]Xnasb

\akvIcn°pIbpw sNbvX I≈]hmNI

s\bpw ]nSn®psIń Ccphscbpw K‘Iw

IØp∂ Xos∏mbvIbn¬ Poht\msS

X≈n°f™p. tijn®hsc IpXnc∏pdØncn

°p∂hs‚ hmbn¬\n∂p ]pds∏Sp∂

hmƒsIm≠v sIm∂p AhcpsS amwkw Xn∂p

kIe ]£nIƒ°pw Xr]vXn h∂p

(shfn. 19:20˛21).

Ahsc h©n® ]nimNns\ arKhpw I≈

]hmNI\pw InS°p∂ K‘IØos∏mbvI

bnte°p X≈nbnSpw; Ah¿ Fs∂t∂°pw

cm∏I¬ ZWvU\w klnt°≠nhcpw

(shfn. 20:10).

C. atlm]ZhImebp≤ßƒ

atlm]Zhw ap∂dnbn∏n√mØ Hcp t]mcmÍmeam

bncn°pw(aØmbn 24:6; shfn. 6:4 apXembh). c≠v


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