north_korea cambridge 2011

8/7/2019 North_Korea Cambridge 2011

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North Korea: Breaking The

Deadlock a different approach

Cambridge January 2011

www.davidalton.com

Rt.Hon. Professor Lord Alton of Liverpool


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SEVEN POINTS FOR DISCUSSION

Dont Forget The Past

How Things Stand Today

Security Human Rights

Humanitarian Situation

Helsinki with a Korean Face 2010 Visit Building Bridges Not

Walls.


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1.Dont Forget

Koreas Past


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Japanese Annexation

From 1910 until 1945 Korea was forcibly

annexed into the Japanese empire.


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Model For Communist

Leaders

Kim Il Sung became the leader of the emerging Communist movement.


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1950-1953

The Korean War, 1950-53 claimed between 2.5 and 3.5 million lives,including 1,000 British servicemen


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Korea Divided

The 1953 ceasefire led to the country being severed at the 38th parallel


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Isolation


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Kim Il Sung and Juche

Juche Tower: Pyongyang

Juche an ideology based

on self reliance and isolation-

has led to links with the

criminal under world and terrorist

organisations


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2. How Things

Stand Today


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2003 North Korea pulled out of nuclear

non-proliferation treaty

2005 - Six Party talks 2006 Test fired seven missiles and

tested a nuclear device


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Lessons To Be Learnt

Kim Dae-jung (elected 1997) began the Sunshine

Policy abandoned a decade later by Lee

Myung-bak


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The sinking of The Cheonan

-March 26th 2010, 46 dead.


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November 2010 Shelling of Yeonpyeong

Island: 2 marines killed


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3. The Security

Situation


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Resolution 1718 demanded that North Korea eliminate

all its nuclear weapons


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The Security Situation


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One Third of GDP Used On

Armaments While People Starve30% of GDP is used on armaments and in

developing nuclear weapons; 37% of 6-year-olds

are chronically malnourished.


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Six-party non-talks


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4.Human Rights


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Human Rights must Be Linked To

Security


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Human Rights

Yoo Sang-joon: a Korean Raoul Wallenberg


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Human Rights

Soon Ok Lee Eyes of the Tailless Animals


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Human Rights

Hearing To Take Evidence From Koreans

In The Moses Room Of The House of Lords


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Human Rights

British Parliament 2008: Human Rights Activists Run of Your Life reaches London


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Lee Young-Kuks Evidence

"From the very first day, the guards with their rifles beat

me. I was trampled on mercilessly until my legs

became swollen, my eardrums were shattered, and

my teeth were all broken. They wouldn't allow us to

sleep from 4 am till 10 pm and once while I wassleeping, they poured water over my head. Since the

conditions within the prison were poor, my head

became frostbitten from the bitter cold.

As I was trying to recuperate from the previous

mistreatment, they ordered me to stick out my shackledfeet through a hole on my cell door, and then tortured

them in almost every possible way. Not a single day

passed without receiving some form of torture and

agonizing experience Testimony of Lee Young-Kuk.


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Jeon Young-Oks Evidence

Jeon Young-Ok: They tortured the Christians the most.

They were denied food and sleep.

They were forced to stick out their tongues

and iron was pushed into it."


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Shin Dong-Hyoks Evidence

Shin Dong-Hyok --: on April 6th 1996, he was forced to watch as his mother

and brother were publicly executed


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Ahn Myeong-Cheol meets David

Cameron

Ahn Myeong-Cheol,

Former North Korean

Prison guard, meets

Rt.Hon.David Cameron MP,

then Leader of theOfficial Opposition, at the

House of Commons.


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U.N. Special Rapporteur Speaks

Out

Professor Vitit Muntarbhorn estimates that 400,000have been killed in the past three decades, about

200,000 are detained in the camps, and a likelihood

of a new famine, following 2 million deaths in the

1990s.


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Contemporary Slavery: North

Korea 200,000 in its gulags


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300,000 people have fled North

Korea

An estimated

300,000 people

have fled thecountry. The 2008

documentary On

The Border

is a harrowingaccount of their

story


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Life and Death on The Border

The Perils Of Escaping Across The River Tumen


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Chosun Dailyand

Sue Lloyd-Roberts

BBC World News:On The Borderhttp://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/pro

grammes/newsnight/8701959.

stm

YOU TUBE..

http://www.youtube

.com/watch?v=QQ4

UvFW7UqIMike Kim: Escaping North Korea


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DutyTo Protect is Failure To

Protect

Failure To Protect: Report by Vaclav Havel, Elie Wiesel and Kjell Magne Bondevik


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U.N. Urged To Uphold its doctrine

ofthe duty to protect

2006: the General

Assembly

of the United

Nations passeda motion

detailing North

Koreas

use of torture,

public

executions

and degrading

treatments.


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Nothing To Envyby Barbara Demick: 2010


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Increased use of the death

sentence

52 executions since

the failed currency

reforms of December

2009, including theMinister of Railways

Kim Yong-sam and

Vice Minister So

Nam-sin


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St.Andrew Kim the first Korean priest to be martyred. Around 10,000

Catholics died for their faith in Korea and continue to do so: The

Korean Martyrs by Msgr.Richard Rutt.


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North Korea 2010


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North Korea has only one permitted

Catholic church: and no resident priest

permitted in 60 years.


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5. The Humanitarian

Situation


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Two million are estimated to have

died during the 1990s famine andthe World Food Programme

recently warned that North Korea

is short of 1.8 million tonnes offood needed if people are not to go

hungry. The current food

shortages are the worst in adecade with 9 million people (one

third of the population) in need of

food.


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Stunted Growth and Malnutrition

The meagre daily food target: 600 grams of rice per person


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Poverty Related Diseases Increase

T.B., Cholera, Scarlet Fever, Typhoid all on the rise

elderly and orphans at greatest risk.


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The Human Consequences

The under 20s have

never seen anything

other than hunger

and if food doesnt

go in there will be

another famine soon.

Professor Hazel Smith


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6. Learning the

Lessons ofHelsinki: Helsinki

with a Korean Face


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Helsinki With A Korean Face

What Do We Need To Learn And WhatMight We Do?


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Ending The Cold War


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North Korea and The Lessons of

The Helsinki Process


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Learning From The Past

The Helsinki Final Act was signed by 35 States in 1975


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Moscow Helsinki Group of Human

Rights Activists

Now We Need A Helsinki Process With A Korean Face


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People Abandoned Their Fear

Leonid Brezhnev Anatoly Dobrynin

(The Helsinki Accords) gradually became a manifesto of the

dissident and liberal movementpeoplecould claim official

permission to say what they thought - Dobrynin


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Lessons From The Past

185 million peoplehave died as

victims of secular

ideology

Marxist Historian, Eric HobsbawmBy the 1950s 2.5 million people were in Stalins Soviet

gulags in 1953 there were 460,000 political prisoners.


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Extraordinary Suffering In The

Soviet Gulags


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AlexanderSolzhenitsyn

"Gradually it was disclosed tome that the line separatinggood and evil passes notthrough states, not betweenclasses, not between politicalparties either, but rightthrough every human heart,and through all human hearts.

This line shifts. Inside us, itoscillates."

- Alexander Solzhenitsyn.

Russia


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Andrei Sakharov

The Siberian Seven

Remained In The US

Embassy In Moscow

From 1978-83.

They Were Inspired By

Academician Andrei Sakharovwww.jubileecampaign.org

Russia

Russia


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Jewish Refuseniks

Vladimir and Marsha Slepak

at theirMoscow flat

Ina Begun holding a photograph

Of her imprisoned husband,

Jewish dissident, Joseph Begun

Russia


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Mobilising political and religious

opinion

Importing Russias first legal private printing press and with

AlexanderOgorodnikov at a public meeting in Moscow

AlexanderOgorodnikov was first imprisoned in 1979 and in 1980 wasgiven a six year prison sentence to be followed by five years internal exile.

Ukraine


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Suffering In The Ukraine

Maria and Ivan Hel and Bishop Pavlo Vasylyk, in the Ukraine. Hel spent 17 years,

Vasylyk 18 years in prison at Prem the Soviet camp of death. The GreekCatholic Church was banned and went under round for 43 ears..

Romania


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Cardinal Jailed for 14 Years

Cardinal Alexandru Todea given a life sentence in 1951 as an enemy

of the state and spent 14 years in Romanian prisons.

Romania

Romania


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Pastor Tokes Takes A Stand

Pastor Laszlo Tokes became the inspiration for the Romanian revolution

Romania

Poland


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Expressing Solidarity

Warsaw, Moscow, Budapest, Berlin,

Prague, Sofia and Bucharest have

become stages in a long pilgrimage

toward liberty.

It is admirable that in these events,entire peoples spoke out women,

young people, men, overcoming fears,

their irrepressible

thirst for liberty speeded up

developments, made walls tumble down

and opened gates.

Poland


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Gorbachev Consigned the Gulags

To History

Germany: The Berlin Wall


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Helsinki With A Korean Face

Berlin, 1989, better to build bridges than to build walls

Germany: The Berlin Wall


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Unfinished Business of 1953

Berlin Wall 1989Panmunjom 2009


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7. 2010 Visit

Better to BuildBridges than to Build

Walls.


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Better To Build

Bridges.

With Baroness Caroline Cox at Panmunjom


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To Begin is to halfcomplete the task

- Korean ProverbWe should

never negotiate

from fear, but weshould never

fear to

negotiate.

U.S. Defence Secretary, William

Perry, 2003.

2010 Vi it B ildi B id N t


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2010 Visit Building Bridges Not

Walls.

http://www.jubileecampaign.org/BuildBridgesNotWalls.pdf


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I i N th K I N t A


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Ignoring North Korea Is Not An

Option

Korea should beware Chinese impatience

Pyongyang University of Science and


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Pyongyang University of Science and

Technology with Dr. James Kim and

Ambassador Peter Hughes

PUST 248 600


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PUST on 248 acres 600

students; teaching in English

Kim Il Sung


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Kim Il Sung

University


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Imperceptible Change: Marketisation Without Liberalisation


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So Much Uncertainty

Who And What Comes Next?


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north_korea cambridge 2011

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