north shore at canton

North Shore at CantonNorth Shore at Canton

The Pennsylvania State UniversityThe Pennsylvania State University

Architectural Engineering Senior ThesisArchitectural Engineering Senior Thesis

Beau Menard

Structural Option

Advisor: Professor Parfitt

North Shore at CantonNorth Shore at Canton

Table of Contents:Table of Contents:

1.1. Building OverviewBuilding Overview2.2. Problem StatementProblem Statement3.3. Solution OverviewSolution Overview4.4. Structural RedesignStructural Redesign

– Steel SolutionSteel Solution– Pre-cast solutionPre-cast solution

5.5. Construction Management IssuesConstruction Management Issues– Material CostsMaterial Costs– Construction DurationsConstruction Durations

6.6. ConclusionConclusion7.7. AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements8.8. QuestionsQuestions

Beau Menard

Structural Option

BuildingBuilding OverviewOverview

LocationLocation– Baltimore, MDBaltimore, MD

2300 block of Boston Street2300 block of Boston Street Residential StructureResidential Structure

– 1 level covered parking1 level covered parking– 3 levels of living units3 levels of living units– 60,000 sq ft60,000 sq ft

North Shore at CantonNorth Shore at CantonBeau Menard

Structural Option

Structural SystemStructural System– FoundationFoundation

Pre-cast concrete pilesPre-cast concrete piles Concrete strength, f’c = 7000 psiConcrete strength, f’c = 7000 psi Grade 60 reinforcing steelGrade 60 reinforcing steel

– Parking level Parking level Floor system- 12” pre-cast planks Floor system- 12” pre-cast planks

w/ 4-1/2” toppingw/ 4-1/2” topping Steel Columns and GirdersSteel Columns and Girders 8” pre-cast planks w/ 2-1/2” 8” pre-cast planks w/ 2-1/2”

toppingtopping


Structural Option


Structural SystemsStructural Systems– Living UnitsLiving Units

Bearing/Shear wall systemBearing/Shear wall system– Steel StudsSteel Studs– ½” Gypsum Sheathing½” Gypsum Sheathing

Floor systemFloor system– 16” deep pre-engineered wood 16” deep pre-engineered wood

floor trusses, spaced 16” o.c.floor trusses, spaced 16” o.c.– ¾” OSB topping¾” OSB topping

Roof systemRoof system– Pre-engineered roof trusses, Pre-engineered roof trusses,

spaced 24” o.c.spaced 24” o.c.


Structural Option


Inherent Moisture ProblemInherent Moisture Problem

Structural IntegrityStructural Integrity


Structural Option

ProblemProblem StatementStatement

Structural SolutionStructural Solution

– Steel RedesignSteel Redesign Combination Moment and Braced Combination Moment and Braced

FrameFrame Open web steel joistsOpen web steel joists

– Pre-cast Concrete RedesignPre-cast Concrete Redesign Shear-wall lateral systemShear-wall lateral system Pre-cast columns and girdersPre-cast columns and girders Pre-cast planksPre-cast planks


Structural Option

SolutionSolution OverviewOverview

Design Loads Design Loads (IBC 2003 & ASCE 7-02)(IBC 2003 & ASCE 7-02)

– Live LoadLive Load 40 psf 40 psf Roof Live Load ~ 20 psf Roof Live Load ~ 20 psf

– Snow LoadSnow Load 20 psf 20 psf

– Lateral LoadsLateral Loads Wind Load ~ 20 psf (steel structure)Wind Load ~ 20 psf (steel structure) Seismic Loads as noted (concrete structure)Seismic Loads as noted (concrete structure)

– Dead LoadsDead Loads Structure Weight ~ variesStructure Weight ~ varies Roof Dead Load ~ 20 psfRoof Dead Load ~ 20 psf MEP and Ceiling ~ 20 psfMEP and Ceiling ~ 20 psf


Structural Option

StructuralStructural RedesignRedesign

Steel DesignSteel Design– Floor SystemFloor System

Open Web Steel JoistsOpen Web Steel Joists– 16k4 (25’ max span, 3’ 16k4 (25’ max span, 3’

spacing)spacing) Allowable Load ~ 313 plfAllowable Load ~ 313 plf Total Load ~ 270 plfTotal Load ~ 270 plf

Metal DeckingMetal Decking– 19 gauge (3 span)19 gauge (3 span)– 1-1/2” x 6” 1-1/2” x 6” – Light weight Concrete toppingLight weight Concrete topping

2-1/2” topping w/ 2-1/2” topping w/ gypsum ceilinggypsum ceiling


Structural Option


Steel DesignSteel Design

– Initial frame systemsInitial frame systems Moment frame vs. Braced Moment frame vs. Braced

frameframe

– Combination FrameCombination Frame Moment and Braced Moment and Braced

ConnectionsConnections


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Structural Option

Main Lateral Force Resisting Main Lateral Force Resisting SystemSystem– 5 Combination Frames5 Combination Frames

ColumnsColumns– w 10x49 (typ)w 10x49 (typ)

GirdersGirders– w 21x50 (int)w 21x50 (int)– w 18x35 (ext)w 18x35 (ext)

Bracing elementsBracing elements– w 8x24 (typ)w 8x24 (typ)

– Moment FrameMoment Frame ColumnsColumns

– w 10x49w 10x49 GirdersGirders

– w 18x40w 18x40

StructuralStructural RedesignRedesign - Steel - Steel1st Floor


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– w 18x40w 18x40

StructuralStructural RedesignRedesign - Steel - Steel2nd Floor


Structural Option







– w 18x40w 18x40

StructuralStructural RedesignRedesign - Steel - Steel3rd Floor


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GirdersGirders– w 22x55 (typ)w 22x55 (typ)



– w 18x40w 18x40

StructuralStructural RedesignRedesign - Steel - Steel4th Floor


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StructuralStructural RedesignRedesign - Steel - Steel

Lateral DeflectionLateral Deflection

Story Total Lateral Displacement

(in)

1 .041

2 .079

3 .121

4 .276


Structural Option


Gravity FrameGravity Frame– ColumnsColumns

w 10x49 (typ)w 10x49 (typ)

– GirdersGirders w 16x26w 16x26 w 18x40w 18x40 w 21x44w 21x44 w 24x55w 24x55

– Bracing elementsBracing elements w 8x24 (typ)w 8x24 (typ)

Foundation ImpactFoundation Impact– Slight Increase in Slight Increase in

axial loadsaxial loads– Lateral Load transfer Lateral Load transfer

– Pile CapacityPile Capacity

130 tons 130 tons CompressionCompression

30 tons tension30 tons tension


Structural Option


Typical Frame LayoutTypical Frame Layout– Foundation ImpactFoundation Impact– Shear wallsShear walls– ColumnsColumns– GirdersGirders


Structural Option

StructuralStructural RedesignRedesign – Pre- – Pre-castcast

Shear WallsShear Walls– LocationLocation

Long wallsLong walls Short wallsShort walls

– Loads AppliedLoads Applied Seismic ControlsSeismic Controls

– ReinforcementReinforcement Spacing ~ 18”Spacing ~ 18” ρ = 0.0025ρ = 0.0025

– # 6 bar # 6 bar


Structural Option



Structural Option


ColumnsColumns– LevelLevel

3-12”x12”3-12”x12” 2-12”x12”2-12”x12” 1-14”x14”1-14”x14”

– ReinforcementReinforcement γ = 0.6 γ = 0.6

(conservatively)(conservatively) ρ = 0.03 ρ = 0.03

– 3 -# 7 bars / face3 -# 7 bars / face


Structural Option


GirdersGirders– InteriorInterior

12”x14”12”x14”– Moment ReinforcementMoment Reinforcement

3-#9 (bot)3-#9 (bot) 4-#9 (top)4-#9 (top)

– Shear/torsion ReinforcementShear/torsion Reinforcement #3 bars @ s = 7”#3 bars @ s = 7”

– PerimeterPerimeter 10”x12”10”x12”

– Moment ReinforcementMoment Reinforcement 2-#5 (bot)2-#5 (bot) 2-#5 (top)2-#5 (top)

– Shear/torsion ReinforcementShear/torsion Reinforcement #3 bars @ s = 6”#3 bars @ s = 6”


Structural Option


Floor SystemFloor System– Pre-cast PlanksPre-cast Planks

Span ~ 25’Span ~ 25’ 8”x4’ SpanDeck –U.L.-8”x4’ SpanDeck –U.L.-

J917J917– Flexure 4 - 1/2" Φ Flexure 4 - 1/2" Φ

allowable load = 110 allowable load = 110 psf total load = 90 psfpsf total load = 90 psf

– 2” concrete topping2” concrete topping


Structural Option


Foundation ImpactFoundation Impact– Greatly Increase in Greatly Increase in

axial loadsaxial loads– Lateral Load Lateral Load

transfer transfer Shear wall Shear wall

connectionsconnections


Structural Option

ConstructionConstruction ManagementManagement – – CostCost

Current systemCurrent system– Pier cost ~ $ 1,000,000Pier cost ~ $ 1,000,000– Town home cost ~ $448,600Town home cost ~ $448,600

Includes structure and facadeIncludes structure and facade

Steel SystemSteel System– Frame Cost ~ $650,000Frame Cost ~ $650,000

Includes framing and floor systemIncludes framing and floor system No additional pier costNo additional pier cost

Pre-cast SystemPre-cast System– Frame cost ~ $750,000Frame cost ~ $750,000

Includes framing and floor systemIncludes framing and floor system Pier cost increasedPier cost increased


Structural Option

ConstructionConstruction ManagementManagement – Durations – Durations Current systemCurrent system

– Pier construction ~ 5 monthsPier construction ~ 5 months– Town home construction ~ 5 monthsTown home construction ~ 5 months

Includes structure and facadeIncludes structure and facade

Steel SystemSteel System– Frame construction ~ 4 monthsFrame construction ~ 4 months

Includes framing and floor systemIncludes framing and floor system No additional pier constructionNo additional pier construction

Pre-cast SystemPre-cast System– Frame construction ~ 6 monthsFrame construction ~ 6 months

Includes framing and floor systemIncludes framing and floor system Additional pier construction requiredAdditional pier construction required


Structural Option

ConclusionsConclusions / / RecommendationsRecommendations Steel RedesignSteel Redesign

– AdvantagesAdvantages Light WeightLight Weight Less impact on Less impact on

foundationfoundation Cost effectiveCost effective Shorter construction Shorter construction

durationsdurations

– DisadvantagesDisadvantages Complex connectionsComplex connections Additional moisture Additional moisture

protectionprotection Additional fire Additional fire

proofingproofing

Pre-cast RedesignPre-cast Redesign– AdvantagesAdvantages

Moisture resistantMoisture resistant Fire resistantFire resistant Reduce lateral Reduce lateral

membersmembers

– DisadvantagesDisadvantages Increased structure Increased structure

weightweight Complex connectionsComplex connections Greatly impacts Greatly impacts

foundationfoundation Increased costIncreased cost Slightly increased Slightly increased

construction construction durationsdurations


Structural Option

AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements

Don Taylor ~ DW Taylor Architects and Associates

Jim Diepold ~ Whitney, Bailey, Cox, Magnani

Friends and Family

AE Faculty


Structural Option

QuestionsQuestions

Man of Steel

The All Knowing

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