North America in North America in 17501750

North America in North America in 17501750

What caused the war?

• 1.Britain & France compete for overseas empires

• 2. French & English fur traders & English land speculators compete for Ohio Valley

• 3.French wanted to secure region - string of forts in central frontier

• 4. Both French and British began seeking alliances w/ Indians (French more successful)

• 5. The attempt by British & Colonial forces to remove the French from the Frontier sparked war.

Ben Franklin Ben Franklin representatives representatives fromfrom New England, NY, MD, PA New England, NY, MD, PA

A Albany CongressAlbany Congress failed Iroquois failed Iroquois broke off relations with broke off relations with Britain & threatened to Britain & threatened to trade with the French. trade with the French.

1754 1754 Albany Plan Albany Plan of Unionof Union

1754 1754 Albany Plan Albany Plan of Unionof Union

BritishBritish FrenchFrench

Fort Necessity Fort DuquesneFort Necessity Fort Duquesne ** George Washington George Washington ** Delaware & Delaware & ShawneeShawnee Indians Indians

The The Ohio ValleyOhio Valley

1754 1754 The First The First ClashClash

1754 1754 The First The First ClashClash

Gen. Edward Gen. Edward Braddock Braddock evict evict the the French from the French from the OH Valley & OH Valley & Canada Canada (Newfoundland & (Newfoundland & Nova Scotia)Nova Scotia)A Attacks OH Valley, Mohawk Attacks OH Valley, Mohawk Valley,Valley, & Acadia. & Acadia.A Killed near Ft. Duquesne Killed near Ft. Duquesne by 1500 French and Indian by 1500 French and Indian forces.forces.

1755 1755 Br. Decides Br. Decides to Eliminate Fr. No. to Eliminate Fr. No.

Amer.Amer.

1755 1755 Br. Decides Br. Decides to Eliminate Fr. No. to Eliminate Fr. No.

Amer.Amer.

1756 1756 War Is War Is Formally Formally

Declared! Declared!

Is it theIs it the

Great War for Great War for Empire?Empire?

Seven Years War?Seven Years War?

oror

French & Indian French & Indian War?War?

1756 1756 War Is War Is Formally Formally

Declared! Declared!

Is it theIs it the

Great War for Great War for Empire?Empire?

Seven Years War?Seven Years War?

oror

French & Indian French & Indian War?War?

A Transforms war effort and brings Transforms war effort and brings it completely under British controlit completely under British control

A Britain impressment of Colonists Britain impressment of Colonists fighters and seized supplies from fighters and seized supplies from colonial farms.colonial farms.

A Colonial resentment increases - Colonial resentment increases - NYC riot.NYC riot.

1757 1757 William Pitt William Pitt Becomes Foreign Becomes Foreign

MinisterMinister

1757 1757 William Pitt William Pitt Becomes Foreign Becomes Foreign

MinisterMinister

BritishBritish

• March in formation or March in formation or bayonet charge. bayonet charge.

• Br. officers wanted toBr. officers wanted to take charge of colonials. take charge of colonials.

• Prima Donna Br. Prima Donna Br. officers with servants officers with servants & tea settings. & tea settings.

• Drills & toughDrills & tough discipline. discipline.

• Colonists should payColonists should pay for their own defense. for their own defense.

• Indian-style guerillaIndian-style guerilla tactics. tactics.

• Col. militias servedCol. militias served under own captains. under own captains.

• No mil. deference orNo mil. deference or protocols observed. protocols observed.

• Resistance to risingResistance to rising taxes. taxes.

• Casual, Casual, non-professionals. non-professionals.

Methods ofMethods ofFighting:Fighting:

MilitaryMilitaryOrganization:Organization:

MilitaryMilitaryDiscipline:Discipline:

Finances:Finances:

Demeanor:Demeanor:

British-American British-American Colonial TensionsColonial TensionsBritish-American British-American Colonial TensionsColonial Tensions

ColonialsColonials

** By 1761, Spain became an ally of FranceBy 1761, Spain became an ally of France

1758-1761 1758-1761 The Tide The Tide Turns for EnglandTurns for England

1758-1761 1758-1761 The Tide The Tide Turns for EnglandTurns for England

Pitt relaxes policy toward colonists

Battle of Quebec

1759

Surrender of Montreal

1760

France --> France --> lost Canada, most of lost Canada, most of India, and lands east of the India, and lands east of the Mississippi River.Mississippi River.

Spain -->Spain --> got all French lands west got all French lands west of the Mississippi River, New of the Mississippi River, New Orleans, but lost Florida to Orleans, but lost Florida to England.England.England -->England --> got all French lands in got all French lands in Canada, exclusive rights to Canada, exclusive rights to Caribbean slave trade, and Caribbean slave trade, and commercial dominance commercial dominance in India.in India.

1763 1763 Treaty of Treaty of ParisParis

1763 1763 Treaty of Treaty of ParisParis

North America in North America in 17631763

North America in North America in 17631763

1.1. It increased her colonial empire It increased her colonial empire in in the Americas. the Americas.

2.2. It greatly enlarged EnglandIt greatly enlarged England’’s s debt.debt.

3.3. Britain Britain’’s contempt for the s contempt for the colonials colonials created bitter feelings. created bitter feelings.

Therefore, England felt that aTherefore, England felt that amajor reorganization of her major reorganization of her

American EmpireAmerican Empire was necessary! was necessary!

Effects of the War Effects of the War on Britain?on Britain?

Effects of the War Effects of the War on Britain?on Britain?

1.1. It united them against aIt united them against a common enemy for the first common enemy for the first time. time.

2.2. It created a socializing It created a socializing experience for all the experience for all the colonials who participated. colonials who participated.

3.3. It created bitter feelings It created bitter feelings

towards the British that towards the British that would only intensify. would only intensify.

Effects of the War on Effects of the War on the American the American

ColonialsColonials

Effects of the War on Effects of the War on the American the American

ColonialsColonials

17631763 PontiacPontiac’’s s RebellionRebellion

Fort DetroitFort Detroit

British British ““giftsgifts”” of smallpox- of smallpox-infected blankets from Fort Pitt.infected blankets from Fort Pitt.

The Aftermath: The Aftermath: Tensions Along the Tensions Along the

FrontierFrontier

The Aftermath: The Aftermath: Tensions Along the Tensions Along the

FrontierFrontier

PontiacPontiac’’s Rebellion s Rebellion (1763)(1763)

PontiacPontiac’’s Rebellion s Rebellion (1763)(1763)

British British ProclamationProclamation Line of 1763. Line of 1763.

Colonials Colonials Paxton Boys Paxton Boys (PA)(PA)

BACKLASH!BACKLASH!BACKLASH!BACKLASH!