Noppadol Poomvises

6Geologist sssssss (, &)

Noppadol Poomvises

s6 (handsome, smile& si ngl e)

Objectives of the projectTo diverge excessive water from Huai P

hai reservoir to Lum Pha Yang irrigation area.

To supply the water to an area of the new theory agricultural system (under H.M. the King) at Kao Wong district, KALASIN province.

Four alternatives of the diversion

methodOpen trench

Surface pumping

Siphon

Subsurface tunneling

ConditionsSafe

Economics

Effectiveness

Unaffected to a

forest area

class 1A.

Subsurface tunneling App. 1,000 m lon

g Inlet at app. +290

.000 m msl. Outlet at app. +2

10.000 m msl.

Solution

Survey area

N

S

W E

Lum Pa Yang,KALASIN

Huai PhaiMUKDAHAN

Figure 1 Location, topography, idealized geological structure, and proposed survey area of The Huai Phai - Lum Pa Yang diversion tunnel project.

Modified from Patton & Hendron, 1972

Modified from Royal Thai Survey Department,1973

1 km

Kingdom of Thailand

Survey areaTunnel route

10 kmModified from Department of Highways , 1999

Topography

Modified from Royal Thai Survey Department,1973

1 km

Tunnel route

Assumed earth

model

Modified from Patton & Hendron, 1972

Lum Pa Yang,KALASIN

Huai PhaiMUKDAHAN

Geophysical surveys

Proposes of the surveys To determine depth of

bedrock. To evaluate a stability

condition of foundation rocks.

To detect a subsurface structure.

To point out anomalous bodies hidden.

Three main methods

used Seismic refraction sur

vey.

Seismic reflection sur

vey.

VES survey using Sch

lumberger array.

Seismic survey lines and VES locations

B

B'

A

A'

C C'

D

D'

LPYRLPYCLPYL

100 m

Assumed talus deposit

Location of sounding

Refraction survey lines

Reflection survey lines

Side view

Top view

Lum Pa Yang agricultural area

Huai Phai reservior area

Figure 2 Geophysical survey lines and sounding location.

(a) Data acquisition

(b) Data processing using reciprocal time method and Hakiwara's graphic technique

(c) Seismic refraction profile

Shotpoint positions

Concept of refraction survey

(c) Data interpretation

(b) Data processing

(a) Data acquisition

Concept of reflection survey

R

(a) Basic principle (Sharma, 1997, p.211)

C

(b) Data acquisition (Milsom, 1996, p.75)

(c) Data processing using curve matching method (Sharma, 1997, p.230)

(d) Presentation of VES result

Concept of VESusing Schlumberger array

Seismic refraction profilealong center line (A-A') of tunnel

Looking NorthwestScale 1 : 500 , H : V = 1 : 1

Figure 3 Seismic refraction profile along diversion tunnel route

Seismic refraction profilealong cross line (B-B')

Looking NortheastScale 1 : 500 , H : V = 1 : 1

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Figure 5 Result of seismic reflection survey along diversion tunnel route

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Huai Phai - Lum Pa Yang diversion tunneling project

along center (LPYC), right (LPYR), and left (LPYL) linesof proposed tunnel route

Seismic reflection profile

Interpreted seismic reflection along tunnel route

Interpreted seismic reflection along tunnel route

Results Seismic refraction

• 330 - 630 m/s (topsoil),• 900 - 2,000 m/s (weathered rock and talus deposit),• 3,100 - 4,400 m/s (strong bedrock).• 7 LVZs at tunnel route and 4 LVZs at talus body interpreted

as fracture zones.• Proven small, narrow, and thin in shape of talus body.

Seismic reflection Gentle-dipping earth layers, with 2 sets of discontinuity as open

fractures, and some local faults. VES by Schlumberger array

• 23 - 181 Ohm.meter (top soil).• 6.8 - 71 Ohm.meter (weathered rock).• 32 - 955.9 Ohm.meter (bedrock).

Depth of bedrock from VES is well conformable with refraction results, but shallower only if acquiring nearly about LVZs.

Conclusions Depth of bedrock < 15 m.

Rippable overburden along survey lines ~ 3 - 15 m.

Stability condition of foundation rock is fair, but

supporting and treatment are required.

Proven thick sedimentary sequence with gentle dippin

g monocline structure.

Anomalous bodies hidden

Shallow parts, 7 LVZs along tunnel route and 4 LVZ

s along talus body.

Deeper, 2 sets of discontinuity widely existed along

tunnel, and steeply dipping to NE and SW.

Depth of bedrock < 15 m.

Rippable overburden along survey lines ~ 3 - 15 m.

Stability condition of foundation rock is fair, but

supporting and treatment are required.

Proven thick sedimentary sequence with gentle dippin

g monocline structure.

Anomalous bodies hidden

Shallow parts, 7 LVZs along tunnel route and 4 LVZ

s along talus body.

Deeper, 2 sets of discontinuity widely existed along

tunnel, and steeply dipping to NE and SW.

Figure 6 Three alternatives of the Huai Phai - Lum Pa Yang diversion tunnel (modified from Kamart, 2000)

Three alternatives of diversion tunnel

Million thanks

and have a nice day !