nonylphenol degradation during wastewater treatment - importance of nitrifying bacteria
DESCRIPTION
Nonylphenol Degradation During Wastewater Treatment - Importance of Nitrifying Bacteria. Presented By: Natasha Sinha. Comparison of 4 Compounds: Compound (Use and Effect) C MAX (µg/L) Days to Med Dose Caffeine (stimulant) 5.75.7 x 10 3 (Excedrin Migraine) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Nonylphenol Degradation During Wastewater Treatment -
Importance of Nitrifying Bacteria
Nonylphenol Degradation During Wastewater Treatment -
Importance of Nitrifying Bacteria
Presented By: Natasha SinhaPresented By: Natasha Sinha
Motivation: USGS Surface Water Reconnaissance(Kolpin et al., 2002)
Motivation: USGS Surface Water Reconnaissance(Kolpin et al., 2002)
Comparison of 4 Compounds:
Compound (Use and Effect) CMAX (µg/L) Days to Med Dose
• Caffeine (stimulant) 5.7 5.7 x 103 (Excedrin Migraine)
• Ibuprofen (anti-inflammatory) 1.0 105 (Motrin)
• 17α-ethinyl estradiol (oral contraceptive) 0.27 37 (Alesse-21)
• 17β-estradiol (vertebrate hormone) 0.093 (Phoenix) 5.3 x 103 (Activella)
• 4-nonylphenol (surfactant metabolite) 40 (Tucson) 4.6 x 10-4 as estrogenic E2, EE2
Sampling regions for the USGS Reconnaissance of US surface water
Secondary Effluent Chromotograph Secondary Effluent Chromotograph
Further Motivation:Intersex Characteristics in Fish PopulationsFurther Motivation:Intersex Characteristics in Fish Populations
These data represent the frequency of intersex characteristics of fish taken above and below wastewater treatment discharges
Chemical Structure Molecular Weight Log Kow
Relative Estrogenic Activity(YES bioassay)
17-estradiol (E2) 272.39 3.94(9) 1.0
17-ethinyl estradiol (EE2)
296.40 4.15(9) 1.32
Estrone (E1) 270.37 3.43(9) 0.20
Estriol (E3) 288.39 2.81(9) 0.01
Nonylphenol (NP)
220.35 4.48(10) 2×10-4
Octylphenol (OP) 206.33 4.12(10)
3×10-4
Bisphenol A (BPA) 228.29 3.40(11) 8 x 10-5
Known Estrogenic Compounds in Wastewater
Conventional Wastewater Treatment
Processes Conventional Wastewater Treatment
Processes
Removal of Estrogens in Arizona Plants Removal of Estrogens in Arizona Plants
Total Estrogenic Activity (M as EE2)
Facility Influent Effluent Fraction Removal
Avra Valley 1 x 10-9 2 x 10-12 0.998
Roger Road 3 x 10-10 2 x 10-10 0.33
Ina Road 4 x 10-11 5 x 10-12 0.88
Randolph Park
2 x 10-10 < 2 x 10-12 > 0.99
Wildcat 1 x 10-10 4 x 10-12 0.96
Rio de Flag 1.5 x 10-10 < 6 x 10-13 > 0.996
Background on Ammonia Oxidizing BacteriaBackground on Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria
• NH4+ NH2OH NO2
O2 AMO (ammonia monoxygenase)
AMO is a non-selective monoxygenase
• Central Hypothesis: Estrogen removal is due to AMO activity in culture.
• NH4+ NH2OH NO2
O2 AMO (ammonia monoxygenase)
AMO is a non-selective monoxygenase
• Central Hypothesis: Estrogen removal is due to AMO activity in culture.
Lab SetupLab Setup
Reactor Synthetic Wastewater
Clarified Effluent
Control Unit
Variable: Sludge Age
Experimental Procedure Part 1Experimental Procedure Part 1
• Step 1: Look for NH4+ stimulation of O2 use
– Determine whether ammonia oxidizing bacteria are present.
• Step 1: Look for NH4+ stimulation of O2 use
– Determine whether ammonia oxidizing bacteria are present.
Result (1)Result (1)
t(s) vs. % Oxygen: Cells + Ammonia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
t(s)
% Oxygen
Cells + Ammonia 2
Cells + Ammonia 3
t(s) vs % Oxygen: Cells
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
t(s)
% Oxygen
t(s) vs. % Oxygen: Cells + Glucose
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
t(s)
% Oxygen
Cells + Glucose 1
Cells + Glucose 2
OUR: 0.00059
OUR: Oxygen Utilization Rate
OUR: 0.00054
OUR: 0.00025
Measurements of nonylphenol degradation were taken after 24 hours and 48 hours using a C-18 procedure and Gas Chromatography
Was Nonylphenol Degraded?Was Nonylphenol Degraded?
No NP + NP
No ATU
+ ATU
Removal of Nonylphenol + DataRemoval of Nonylphenol + Data
To ComeTo Come
• Repeat with longer sludge retention time
• Compare to previous results
• Supplement with effluent NH4+ data
• Repeat with longer sludge retention time
• Compare to previous results
• Supplement with effluent NH4+ data
Acknowledgements Acknowledgements
Dr. Robert Arnold
Dave Newman
Bingfeng Dong
Dustin Brown & Arthur Ho
Dr. Robert Arnold
Dave Newman
Bingfeng Dong
Dustin Brown & Arthur Ho