non technical losses reduction

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VOLTA RIVER AUTHORITY VOLTA RIVER AUTHORITY NON TECHNICAL LOSSES REDUCTION NON TECHNICAL LOSSES REDUCTION A PRESENTATION DURING UPDEA A PRESENTATION DURING UPDEA SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE MEETING IN SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE MEETING IN DURBAN, SA DURBAN, SA THOMPSON AGALAB THOMPSON AGALAB

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Non Technical Losses Reduction

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Page 1: Non Technical Losses Reduction

VOLTA RIVER VOLTA RIVER AUTHORITYAUTHORITY

NON TECHNICAL LOSSES REDUCTIONNON TECHNICAL LOSSES REDUCTION

A PRESENTATION DURING UPDEA A PRESENTATION DURING UPDEA SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE MEETING IN SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE MEETING IN DURBAN, SADURBAN, SA

THOMPSON AGALABTHOMPSON AGALAB

Page 2: Non Technical Losses Reduction

NON TECHNICAL LOSSES REDUCTIONNON TECHNICAL LOSSES REDUCTION BACKGROUNDBACKGROUND

–A menace in most African utility operations. –Occur as a result of distribution operational problems.–Loss of huge sums of revenue to many utilities. –Efforts taken to reduce non-technical losses in

African Utilities have been varied, uncoordinated, unsustainable and hence ineffective.–Approached with well-strategize customer centred plans.

Page 3: Non Technical Losses Reduction

NON TECHNICAL LOSSES REDUCTIONNON TECHNICAL LOSSES REDUCTION –A menace in most African utility operations. –Occur as a result of distribution operational problems.–Loss of huge sums of revenue to many utilities. –Efforts taken to reduce non-technical losses in

African Utilities have been varied, uncoordinated, unsustainable and hence ineffective.–Approached with well-strategize customer centred plans.

Page 4: Non Technical Losses Reduction

This presentation will seek to This presentation will seek to address the following issuesaddress the following issues

• Definition and analysis of non-technical losses.

• International comparison of non-technical losses in the sub-region of West Africa.

• Identified causes of non-technical losses • Analysis of the causes of non-technical

losses• Measures to combat non-technical losses • Performance monitoring indicators.

Page 5: Non Technical Losses Reduction

DEFINITION AND ANALYSIS OF NON-DEFINITION AND ANALYSIS OF NON-

TECHNICAL LOSSESTECHNICAL LOSSES • Power system losses refer to the difference

between bulk energy purchased from the national grid and the total energy accounted for expressed as a percentage.

• The total energy accounted for comprises of billed energy, street lighting and temporary lighting and energy consumption in VRA/NED sub transmission premises.

Page 6: Non Technical Losses Reduction

• Power system losses can be divided into two categories: technical and non-technical .

• Technical losses are due to resistance and iron core losses which occur during the transmission and distribution of electric power.

• These are naturally occurring losses

• Consist mainly of power dissipation in transmission lines, power transformers, measurement systems, etc.

Page 7: Non Technical Losses Reduction

• Technical losses are possible to compute and control.

• Non-technical losses are due to human manipulation or errors and are therefore external to the power systems.

• Non-technical losses are very difficult to measure.

Page 8: Non Technical Losses Reduction

Background of NED LossesBackground of NED Losses

• The system losses in NED stood at 12% in 1990 and this increased steadily to 31% in 2003 and improved to 18.8% in 2008.

• NED losses started rising from 1996 when the government embarked upon National Electrification Project

• As a result long transmission lines and distribution networks were constructed over a short period given rise to sudden increase in both technical and non-technical losses.

Page 9: Non Technical Losses Reduction

• Very long distribution lines with very little load at the tail end.

• Existing networks are saddled with very old and undersized cables.

• Also in the process of having most rural areas connected in a short period, standards of cable and metering might have been compromised.

Page 10: Non Technical Losses Reduction

NED losses trend from 1990 to 2008NED losses trend from 1990 to 2008

12

18

13 13.71517.3

19.719.621.8

24.529 28.229.1

31.330.327

24.8

20.218.8

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Losses

Page 11: Non Technical Losses Reduction

Experience of most utilities has shown that losses worsen Experience of most utilities has shown that losses worsen as mass electrification programme are embarked uponas mass electrification programme are embarked upon

Utility Period of mass electrification

losses

Eskom 1990 – 1996 40%

ECG 1999 - 2000 32%

NED 1999 - 2000 31%

Page 12: Non Technical Losses Reduction

Causes of Non-Technical LosesCauses of Non-Technical Loses

• Power theft; defined as a conscience attempt by a person to reduce or eliminate the amount of money he or she will owe the utility for electric energy.

• Illegal ConnectionPureAdministrative

• Self line Constructions

Page 13: Non Technical Losses Reduction

Causes of Non-Technical Loses( ctd)Causes of Non-Technical Loses( ctd)• Meter related problems

– Meter bypass/ tamper– Wrong readings– “U- TOUCH”– High meter position– Faulty meter – Meter ratings– Over aged meters – Incorrect C.T. multiplying factor – Meter Transfers

Page 14: Non Technical Losses Reduction

Causes of Non-Technical Loses (ctd)Causes of Non-Technical Loses (ctd)

• Billing Problems • Premises connected but a/cs not set up in

System.• Wrong classification• Under keying of meter reading• Customers with zero readings• Over clocked meter readings• Un metered/flat rate supplies

Under estimation Unpaid bills

Page 15: Non Technical Losses Reduction

Analysis of power theft in NEDAnalysis of power theft in NEDitem Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Total

Premises visited

1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 9000

Illegal Connection

54 56 105 76 119 93 85 72 24 686

Meter bypass

1 1 2 3 9 7 13 4 40

Tampered Meters

15 6 6 3 4 16 3 11 3 74

% Power theft

6.9 6.4 11.2 8.2 12.6 11.8 10.3 9.6 3.1 8.9

Page 16: Non Technical Losses Reduction

Losses due to meter related -2007Losses due to meter related -2007

item Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug

No.of meters

134,475

136,800 138,762

139,460

140,487

141,052

142,067

143,232

No. Faulty

5 13 11 7 21 7 17 18

Unsealed

53,898 54,720 55,504 55,784 56,194 56,194 56,826 57,292

% Losses

40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40

Page 17: Non Technical Losses Reduction

Measures to check illegal connectionsMeasures to check illegal connections

i. LORG-Loss Reduction Gang

• powers to check, remove, charge penalties and refer to Legal Department for the prosecutions of people caught for illegal connections.

ii. Monetary Award

• For each illegal connection reported and verified to be true.

iii. Zero consumption Report

• run every month for field check

Page 18: Non Technical Losses Reduction

iv. Consumption analysis Report

• A customer whose consumption is abnormal is flagged for further investigations.

v. Meter bypass penalty

• Penalty charge of Gh¢ 100 plus six months estimated consumption

vi. Meter tempering

• Penalty charge of Gh¢ 100 plus six months estimated consumption and full cost of meter.

Page 19: Non Technical Losses Reduction

Thank You