non photographic sensors

39
Non-photographic Sensors Daniel L. Civco WB Young 310 486-0148 [email protected] NRE 2000 NRE 2000 Introduction Introduction to Geomatics to Geomatics Spring 2010 Spring 2010

Upload: sesunil

Post on 03-Dec-2014

152 views

Category:

Documents


9 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Non Photographic Sensors

Non-photographic SensorsNon-photographic Sensors

Daniel L. CivcoWB Young 310

[email protected]

Daniel L. CivcoWB Young 310

[email protected]

NRE 2000NRE 2000IntroductionIntroductionto Geomaticsto Geomatics

Spring 2010Spring 2010

NRE 2000NRE 2000IntroductionIntroductionto Geomaticsto Geomatics

Spring 2010Spring 2010

Page 2: Non Photographic Sensors

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Continuum of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, only a very small portion of which includes visible light.

Gamma Rays

X Rays Ultraviolet Infrared Microwave Radio

0.4m – 0.7m 0.03 Å – 400 Å 400 Å – 0.4 m 0.7 m – 0.1cm 0.2cm – 20cm 18cm – 3 x 106 m

Increasing Wavelength

Increasing Frequency

Vis

ible

Page 3: Non Photographic Sensors

Remote Sensing ProcessRemote Sensing Process

• Energy Source or Illumination (A)• Radiation and the Atmosphere (B)• Interaction with the Target (C)• Recording of Energy by Sensor (D) • Transmission, Reception, and

Processing (E)• Interpretation and Analysis (F)• Application (G)

• Energy Source or Illumination (A)• Radiation and the Atmosphere (B)• Interaction with the Target (C)• Recording of Energy by Sensor (D) • Transmission, Reception, and

Processing (E)• Interpretation and Analysis (F)• Application (G)

Page 4: Non Photographic Sensors

Remote Sensing Data Collection Sensor Systems

Remote Sensing Data Collection Sensor Systems

• Remotely sensed data may be collected using a variety of instruments, including:– Analog Frame Photography – Digital Frame Camera Area Arrays – Multispectral Scanning Systems – Linear Array Pushbroom Sensors – Linear Array Whiskbroom Scanners – Hyperspectral Area Arrays

• Remotely sensed data may be collected using a variety of instruments, including:– Analog Frame Photography – Digital Frame Camera Area Arrays – Multispectral Scanning Systems – Linear Array Pushbroom Sensors – Linear Array Whiskbroom Scanners – Hyperspectral Area Arrays

Page 5: Non Photographic Sensors

Analog Frame Photography Data Collection Analog Frame Photography Data Collection

Page 6: Non Photographic Sensors

Comparison of Four Common Film TypesComparison of Four Common Film Types

BW BW

BWIR BWIR

Color Color

CIR CIR

Page 7: Non Photographic Sensors

Digital Frame Photography Data Collection Digital Frame Photography Data Collection

Page 8: Non Photographic Sensors

Wavelength (µm)

Digital Image NomenclatureDigital Image Nomenclature

Page 9: Non Photographic Sensors

0.47 meter resolution0.47 meter resolution

Four BandsFour BandsBlueBlue

GreenGreenRedRed

Near InfraredNear Infrared

0.47 meter resolution0.47 meter resolution

Four BandsFour BandsBlueBlue

GreenGreenRedRed

Near InfraredNear Infrared

Single frameSingle frame

ADAR MultispectralADAR MultispectralADAR MultispectralADAR Multispectral

1500 columns1500 columns

750 rows750 rows

Page 10: Non Photographic Sensors

9 frame9 framemosaicmosaic

ADAR MultispectralADAR MultispectralADAR MultispectralADAR Multispectral

Page 11: Non Photographic Sensors

Leica ADS40 MultispectralLeica ADS40 MultispectralLeica ADS40 MultispectralLeica ADS40 Multispectral

Page 12: Non Photographic Sensors

John Deere Agri ServicesJohn Deere Agri ServicesJohn Deere Agri ServicesJohn Deere Agri Services

Go to CLEAR Salt Marsh Site Go to CLEAR Salt Marsh Site http://clear.uconn.edu/projects/marshlis/Comparison.htmlhttp://clear.uconn.edu/projects/marshlis/Comparison.html

Page 13: Non Photographic Sensors

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Continuum of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, only a very small portion of which includes visible light.

Gamma Rays

X Rays Ultraviolet Infrared Microwave Radio

0.4m – 0.7m 0.03 Å – 400 Å 400 Å – 0.4 m 0.7 m – 0.1cm 0.2cm – 20cm 18cm – 3 x 106 m

Increasing Wavelength

Increasing Frequency

Vis

ible

Page 14: Non Photographic Sensors

Simple Non-Imaging Spot Radiometer

Simple Non-Imaging Spot Radiometer

Page 15: Non Photographic Sensors

Multispectral Scanner Data Collection Multispectral Scanner Data Collection

Page 16: Non Photographic Sensors

Multispectral Scanner OperationMultispectral Scanner Operation

Thermal

VisibleNear andMiddle IR

Page 17: Non Photographic Sensors

Raytheon 250Raytheon 250 Thermal ScannerRaytheon 250Raytheon 250 Thermal Scanner

Thermal imager on mount for aerial scanning.

Page 18: Non Photographic Sensors

Daytime Thermal Infrared, Middleton, WI 2:40 PM, September 17

Thermal Infrared ImagingThermal Infrared Imaging

Page 19: Non Photographic Sensors

Nighttime Thermal Infrared, Middleton, WI 9:50 PM, September 17

Thermal Infrared ImagingThermal Infrared Imaging

Page 20: Non Photographic Sensors

Daytime Thermal Infrared, Oak Creek Power Plant, 1:50 PM, March 27

Thermal Infrared ImagingThermal Infrared Imaging

Page 21: Non Photographic Sensors

Nighttime Thermal Infrared, Iowa City, 2:00 AM, January Air T = -4o C

Thermal Infrared ImagingThermal Infrared Imaging

Page 22: Non Photographic Sensors

Surface IsothermsSurface Isotherms

Powerton Cooling Pond, Daedalus Therma; Scanner

Page 23: Non Photographic Sensors

Surface IsothermsSurface Isotherms

Powerton Cooling Pond, Daedalus Thermal Scanner

Page 24: Non Photographic Sensors

Surface IsothermsSurface Isotherms

Powerton Cooling Pond, Daedalus Therma; Scanner

Page 25: Non Photographic Sensors

Multispectral Scanner OperationMultispectral Scanner Operation

Page 26: Non Photographic Sensors

Multispectral Scanner OperationMultispectral Scanner Operation

Page 27: Non Photographic Sensors

Cross-track versus Along-track

Cross-track versus Along-track

“Whisk broom” “Push broom”

Example: Landsat Example: SPOT

Page 28: Non Photographic Sensors

Scanner (WhiskBroom) Data Collection Scanner (WhiskBroom) Data Collection

Page 29: Non Photographic Sensors

Linear Array (Pushbroom) Data CollectionLinear Array (Pushbroom) Data Collection

Page 30: Non Photographic Sensors

LandsatLandsat SPOTSPOT

Whisk Broom Push Broom

Page 31: Non Photographic Sensors

Area Array Hyperspectral Data Collection Area Array Hyperspectral Data Collection

Page 32: Non Photographic Sensors

Typical image cube generated from hyperspectral imaging

Hyperspectral ImageryHyperspectral ImageryHyperspectral ImageryHyperspectral Imagery

Page 33: Non Photographic Sensors

A rendition of hyperspectral data cube with false-color 3-band image on the front face of the cube and pseudo-colored edges of bands shown on the bottom and side of the cube, constructed from AVIRIS data from the area of Cuprite, Nevada.

Hyperspectral ImageryHyperspectral ImageryHyperspectral ImageryHyperspectral Imagery

Page 34: Non Photographic Sensors

Ingredients of an ImageIngredients of an ImageIngredients of an ImageIngredients of an Image

Earth's SurfaceEarth's Surface

brightness, pollution, other real world activities

Pixels are MIXED

brightness, pollution, other real world activities

Pixels are MIXED

remote sensingsystem or scanner

remote sensingsystem or scanner

Raster ImageRaster ImageRows and Columns of Pixels8 bits = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 256 Shades11 bits = 256 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 2048 Shades

Rows and Columns of Pixels8 bits = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 256 Shades11 bits = 256 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 2048 Shades

Adapted from Skip Maselli

Page 35: Non Photographic Sensors

Digital Image Data Properties

Digital Image Data Properties

Pixel Values

Ikonos True Color Composite

Page 36: Non Photographic Sensors

Digital Image Data Properties

Digital Image Data Properties

Pixel Values

True Color Composite

Page 37: Non Photographic Sensors

Digital Image Data Properties

Digital Image Data Properties

Pixel Values

Band 1 - Blue

Page 38: Non Photographic Sensors

Digital Image Data Properties

Digital Image Data Properties

Spatial Profile

Green Green

Green Green

Water Water

Water Water

Trees Trees

Trees Trees

Fairway Fairway

Fairway Fairway SoilSoil SoilSoil

??????

Page 39: Non Photographic Sensors

Non-photographic SensorsNon-photographic Sensors

Daniel L. CivcoWB Young 310

[email protected]

Daniel L. CivcoWB Young 310

[email protected]

NRE 2000NRE 2000IntroductionIntroductionto Geomaticsto Geomatics

Spring 2010Spring 2010

NRE 2000NRE 2000IntroductionIntroductionto Geomaticsto Geomatics

Spring 2010Spring 2010