NON MOTORIZED TRANSPORT IN MEXICO CITY

BAQ, YOGYAKARTA, 12/15/2006Bernardo Baranda Sepúlveda

bbaranda@itdp.org

CONTENTS

1. Overview of some Transport data in Mexico City

2. Some NMT Principles & Examples

3. Results of the “Itinerant Traffic Safety Laboratory” Project

Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area

Population and Area Growth of Mexico City

Año Superficie

(Hectáreas) Población

Densidad(hab/ha)

1900 2,714 345,000 127

1930 9,140 1,048,900 114

1940 11,753 1,757,530 149

1950 28,368 2, 982,075 105

1960 43,638 5,155,327 118

1970 74,632 8, 656,851 115

1980 107 973 13,734,654 127

1990 133,680 15,047,685 112

2000 147,928 17,942,172 121

Growth of the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City

MAIN PROBLEMS RELATED TO URBAN TRANSPORT

PROBLEMS OF URBAN

TRANSPORT

LOW QUALITY PUBLIC TRANSPORTDIFFICULTIES FOR THE

MOST VULNERABLE (Pedestrians, Cyclists,Children, Elder, etc...)

RAPID MOTORIZATION

BAD AIR QUALITY

CONGESTION

ACCIDENTS

BAD AIR QUALITY

2.5 millons of tons de pollutans to the air each year of which 84% are generated by the transport system

BAD AIR QUALITY

The bad air quality in the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City accelerates the death of aproximately 4,000 persons each year according to the Public Health National Institute.

CONGESTION

The cost due to congestions and accidents has been estimated around 11,000 million USD each year

The average travel time spent daily is around 3 hours

BAD QUALITY PUBLIC TRANSPORT

• Too many vehicles• Competition for passengers and the space• Low capacity units• Lack of professional organizations to provide the service• Little or non-existant regulation from the government

Car ownership growth in Mexico City

7891

166178

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

1976 1986 1996 2000

Cars per 1000inhabitants

MODAL DISTRIBUTION

MEXICO CITY (2000)

A LOT OF AUTOMOBILES MOVE RELATEVELY FEW PEOPLE

Taxis, combis y microbuses

Autobuses Urbanos y suburbanos

Metro

Vehículos eléctricos

Motos, bicicletas y otros

Automóviles

Subtotal

134,770

19,446

2,601

344

84,805

3´461,731

3´703,697

386,008

3.6

2.3

17´222,000

3´643,000

5´961,000

331,000

497,000

5´466,000

52.0

11.0

18.0

1.0

1.5

Tipo de vehículoNo. De

vehículos %No. de viajes-persona día

%

T O T A L 4´ 089,705 33´120,000

0.7 6.6

Vehículos de carga

93.4 16.5

Fuente: SETRAVI

83.5

SOME NMT PRINCIPLES• Improvements of NMT is not a luxury but an investment to

the health and equity of the cities (pedestrians, cyclists, children, elder, people with disabilities, etc…)

• The quality of the public space and the mass transit systems is directed related to how people have access and are able to move around them

• Many times the details are forgotten or made deficient and that makes all the difference.

Traffic Death Facts•1,170,694 people died from road trafficinjuries worldwide in 1998•Of those deaths, 88% were in developingcountries•Worldwide, up to two-thirds to trafficaccident injuries are suffered by pedestrians•In developing countries, the injuryrates of pedestrians and cyclists aremuch higher•In developing countries, traffic accidentsare the second leading cause ofdeath among young people

¿Infrastructure for wheel chairs?

Evolution to measure success

• Multimodal level of service, accesibility level, costs or impacts per person-trip

• Kilometers por passenger; Person-trips; levels of service of Public Transport; costs or impacts per passenger-km

• Vehicle speeds; Level of services of roads, costs and impacts per vehicle

Focus on accesibility

Focus on mobility

Traditional Focus of urban transport

Adapted from Paul Barter & Todd Littman

evo

luti

on

• Reduce the time/length of exposition• Quality infrastructure for sidewalks, cyclepaths, ramps and in general public

space (i.e. > 2 mts width, direct, continious, uniform, attractive, 8.3% < etc…)

• Infraestructure can educate

SOME SIMPLE MEASURES

SPEED OF COLITION (KM/HR)

DEATH PROBABILITY (%)

80 100

60 85

40 30

20 10 FUE

NT

E:B

ON

AM

ON

I,19

90

Av. Baja California y Av. Nuevo Leon

ARE WE CREATING CITIES FOR PEOPLE OR FOR CARS?

Av. Baja California y Av. Nuevo Leon

NO COMMMENTS...

Av. Baja California y Av. Nuevo Leon

DIFICULTADES PARA LOS PEATONES

ROCKET SCIENCE SOLUTION: LEADING PEDESTRIAN INTERVAL IN THE TRAFFIC LIGHTS

(ALL RED FOR 3-7 SECONDS)

PROPUESTA MANACAR

Done by Michael King (ITDP) & Bernardo Baranda (CTS), Feb. 2005

CYCLEPATH IN MEXICO CITY• 90 Kms in the former railroad

CYCLEPATH IN MEXICO CITY

+ -• 1st Space dedicated to urban Cycling • High use in some parts• Positive public space recovery

• Lack of conectivity and density • Uneven quality• No investment in promoting it

EXAMPLE OF A SUCESSFUL LOW-COST MEASURE

• Bicycle Access to the Metro • Problem: Only on Sundays

BICIS EN EL METRO

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

Fecha

Ing

reso

sLínea 1

Línea 2

Línea 3

Línea 4

Línea 5

Línea 6

Línea 7

Línea 8

Línea 9

Línea A

Línea B

Master Plan of a Bicycle Path Network in Benito Juarez Municipality

SECTION TYPE

• Take away the parking lane

• Estimated 20,000 daily trips made currently on Bicycle in the Municipality

BENITO JUAREZ BICYCLE PATH NETWORK PROJECT

• 36 Kms Total Network (12 kms the 1st phase)

• Bi-Directional 3.00 meters wide

• 1.1 USD Million total cost 1st phase (including improvements to sidewalks, lighting, buffer with vegetation, traffic calming devices, etc...)

ITINERANT TRAFFIC SAFETY LABORATORY

OBJECTIVES

1) Improvements of the Public Space

2) Raise Traffic Safety Education

3) Promote activities and integration in the street

Directed mainly to students of public schools

in low income areas in Mexico City

ELABORATED BY 3 NGOs

WORLD BANK

Con el apoyo financiero de:FINANTIAL SUPPORT FROM

AWARDED 20K USD IN CONTEST OF MICROPROJECTS “YOUNG PEOPLE FOR A POVERTY FREE MEXICO 2005”

Key Actors:• School Directors• Parents and Community• Police, Municipality, Transport Ministry• Donours• Press

STRUCTURE

PROJECT MANAGER: ULISES TORRES SÁNCHEZ

Law

Donours

Logistics

MNT

Infrastructure

Guidelines

Traffic Safety

Programs &

Educations

¿How did we apply it?1. Locate a public school in a low income area

with traffic conflicts.2. Convince the director of the school and we

apply the project during 2 weeks 3. With the community participation we improve

some of the infrastructure (sidewalks, signs, vegetation, etc...) and we give the traffic safety courses

4. We finish with an event in the street5. Evaluate and proceed to next school

RESULTS

RESULTS

RESULTS

RESULTS

RESULTS

RESULTS

RESULTS

RESULTS

FECHA: 13-09-05INTERSECCIÓN: González Bocanegra - Reforma

ADULTOS NIÑOS ADULTOS NIÑOS TOTAL07:00 07:15 25 5 25 5 6007:15 07:30 24 6 22 0 5207:30 07:45 54 8 35 8 10507:45 08:00 65 27 48 19 15908:00 08:15 75 8 38 2 12308:15 08:30 61 2 29 5 9708:30 08:45 52 4 22 7 8508:45 09:00 70 7 22 10 10909:00 09:15 56 2 20 0 7809:15 09:30 12 1 19 1 3309:30 09:45 17 0 6 1 2409:45 10:00 21 1 18 1 4110:00 10:15 30 3 12 1 4610:15 10:30 32 1 7 1 4110:30 10:45 9 0 11 0 2010:45 11:00 21 0 7 0 2811:00 11:15 50 5 36 5 9611:15 11:30 26 3 20 0 4911:30 11:45 34 3 12 1 5011:45 12:00 31 4 31 2 6812:00 12:15 58 24 45 4 13112:15 12:30 59 27 53 2 14112:30 12:45 57 32 31 16 13612:45 13:00 40 13 29 4 8613:00 13:15 27 6 20 2 5513:15 13:30 34 7 34 2 7713:30 13:45 40 14 38 7 9913:45 14:00 44 13 32 7 96

HORA PONIENTE/ORIENTE ORIENTE/PONIENTE

RESULTS

RESULTS

RESULTS

RESULTS

RESULTS

RESULTS

RESULTS

RESULTS

RESULTS

RESULTS

Escuela Primaria Alumnos Capacitados

Maestros capacitados

Padres de familia Capacitados

Brigadas viales

1 Estado de Yucatán 216 20 32 1

2 Jaimé Nunó 198 16 24 1

3 Kinder Jaime Nunó 85 8 12 1

4 Felipe Carrillo Puerto

215 20 36 1

5 Pedro María Anaya. 180 16 22 1

6 Héroes del 47 110 12 10 1

TOTAL 1040 92 136 6

SOME CONCLUSIONS

• The colisions between cars and pedestrians were drasticaly reduced at the crossing were the traffic light was put (4 in the first 10 months vs 0 since then)

• The infratstructure built is still there despite being areas with high vandalism. Perhaps it has to do with the involvement of the community from the beginning

• Children and press relate and get excited with a figure like Captain Street

• It is necessary to systemize better the evaluation methods of the different aspects of this project

• 3 NGOs cannot fill the lack of Traffic Safety Educaction in Mexico City. It is necessary to undertake a comprehensive program that involves all the different actors (community, public and private sector, civil society, academics, etc...)

GRACIAS! TERIMA KASIH!