non- infectious disease by: ms. pellicano. vocabulary noninfectious disease: diseases not cuased by...
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Non- infectious Disease
By: Ms. Pellicano
Vocabulary Noninfectious disease: diseases not cuased
by pathogens Allergy: disorder immune system overly
sensitive to foreign substance Allergy: substance causes allergy Histamine: chemical responsible for
symptoms of allergy Asthma: disease in which airways narrow Insulin: substance enables body to take
glucose from blood and use it as energy
Vocabulary Insulin: substance enables body to take
glucose from blood and use it as energy Diabetes: pancreas produces too little, or
doesn’t produce insulin properly Tumors: abnormal mass of cells Carcinogens: factors in environment that
cause cancer
Asthma, Allergies, Diabetes
Cannot be transmitted person to person Cardiovascular disease, cancer 2 leading
causes death Allergies Asthma Diabetes Not fatal, reappear frequently Cause an inflammatory response by body Asthma affects breathing Diabetes effects glucose levels
Allergies Sneeze a lot Pollen Dust Mold Pet dander Meds Get into body by inhaling, eating them,
touching them Histamines responsible for coughing,
rash, sneezing, runny eyes Antihistamines help adverse effects
Asthma Wheezing Coughing Shortness breath Stress Heavy exercise Tobacco smoke Air pollution Strong odors 20 million effected
Asthma continued
Muscles around airways tightenInner walls, red, swollenProduce mucusMake breathing difficultInhaler helps open airway
DiabetesDiabetesPancreas produces insulinHigh levels glucose in bodyNot enough in body cellsLose weightWeak, hungryThirstUrinate often1: childhood, little, no insulinNeed injectionsII: adults, pancreas doesn’t work rightControl symptoms through diet, weight control, exercise
Cancer develops
• Disease in which cells multiple uncontrollably
• Destroys healthy tissue• Treatments• surgery• radiation• drugs (chemo)• Can spread to blood, lymph
vessels• Unless stopped, spreads to
other parts of body
Causes/Treeatments
Hereditary Cigarette smoke Tumors- surgery Radiation, drugs Radiation: high energy waves to
kill cells Chemo-> drugs
Cancer prevention Avoiding carcinogens Smoke, sunlight Low fat diet Lots of fruits, veggies
Regular checkup s Black spot melanoma skin
cancer Avoid sunburn
Some Infectious Diseases You Should
KnowColdsFluStrep ThroatAthlete’s FootAIDS
Colds Illness caused by a viral infection
located in the respiratory system The cold virus multiplies and attacks
the mucous membranes of the nose and throat causing the common effects of the cold (sore throat, runny nose, fever…)
Cold can not be treated with an antibiotic because it is caused by a virus
Flu Influenza, commonly known as
“the flu”, is a highly contagious viral disease of the respiratory system
Typically causes fever, muscle aches, and a more severe cough than the common cold and usually lasts longer
Athlete’s foot Common fungal infection of the
skin of the feet May be contracted from public
environments Grows in the warm and moist
environment usually between the toes
Difficult to cure
AIDS Acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome (AIDS) Caused by the human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) The virus attacks the cells in the
immune system making the organism unable to fight off other pathogens that may attack the body
Strep Throat Contagious disease caused by
bacterial infection Symptoms include fever, pain,
redness and swelling of the throat and tonsils
May produce mild or severe symptoms
Let’s follow the journey of a
pathogen as it attacks its victim!
What type of pathogen is Salmonella?
What was the source of the pathogen?
Salmonella is a bacterium
What is the first defense?
Source of the pathogenContaminated food
What does the body do next to try and get rid of the pathogen?
Stomach acid destroys some of the bacteria
Macrophages try to destroy the Salmonella
How does Salmonella attack the body?
Enters the cells of the villi and destroys them
The destroyed cells release distress chemicals
What causes the diarrhea?
How does Salmonella cause your body to ache?
The waves of peristalsis are so rapid that the large intestine is unable to absorb the water
Does the medicine kill the Salmonella?
The chemicals released from the cells leak into the blood stream and go into the muscle tissue
How does the immune system begin to respond to the Salmonella invasion?
The immune system identifies the pathogen and produces helper cells
Helper cells “help” the macrophages to do their job – destroy the Salmonella
Non-infectious Diseases
Not caused by pathogens in the body
Not spread from organism to organism
Non-infectious Diseases are caused by malfunctions in the body.Heredity – information you get
from your parentsThe environment – examples
are sun, radiation, chemicalsLifestyle choices – smoking,
drugs, alcohol
Types of Noninfectious Diseases
DiabetesAsthmaParkinson’s disease Skin Cancer
DiabetesA disease that results in
glucose (sugar) level being higher than normal.
It is caused by the person’s inability to either produce or use properly a natural chemical made in the body (pancreas) called insulin.
Diabetes may lead to
Kidney diseaseHeart diseaseVision problems
High levels of blood sugar lead to disorders
Like an increase in problems with circulation
Parkinson’s Disease
Disease of the nervous system that occurs when nerve cells in the brain stop functioning properly, affecting the muscular system
Parkinson’s Disease
Major symptomsSevere shaking (tremors)Disabilities involving
movementAt present, there is no cure
Skin Cancer
Disease in which skin cells found in the outer layers of the skin become damaged.
Factors that lead to Skin Cancer
Damaging ultraviolet rays (UV) from the sun or tanning beds
heredity
AsthmaAffects the lungs and the
airways that deliver air to the lungs
Causes periodic attacks of wheezing and difficulty breathing
Asthma attacks
Occur when the airways become inflamed in response to a stimulus, such as dust, mold, pets, exercise, or cold weather
Some attacks start for no apparent reason
Resources Body Story: Germs. Discovery Channel
School. 2002.unitedstreaming. 5 December 2006<http://www.unitedstreaming.com/>
www.a1organics.com/images/pathogens.jpg www.monografias.com/trabajos5/virus/Image166.gif www.uwlax.edu/.../Visuals/athletesfoot.jpg www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/.../paramecium1.gif www.fordogtrainers.com moon.ouhsc.edu www.wcasohio.org www.kidsplanet.org www.missouri.edu tiee.ecoed.net www.moea.state.mn.us colds.upmc.com