nitrogen suppy to improve vine balance

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Nitrogen Supply to improve vine balance By: Jadmika Uttam Floray

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Page 1: Nitrogen Suppy To Improve Vine Balance

Nitrogen Supply to improve vine balance

By:

Jadmika

Uttam Floray

Page 2: Nitrogen Suppy To Improve Vine Balance

•Keller, M., Arnink, K.J., Hrazdina, G.(1998).

Page 3: Nitrogen Suppy To Improve Vine Balance

Vine Nitrogen Cycle

•White, E.R. (2003). Soils for Fine Wines. New York: Oxford University Press

Page 4: Nitrogen Suppy To Improve Vine Balance

Vine BalanceRichard Smart GuidelinesVisual analysisCanopy ideotypeVineyard scorecardPoint quadrat

Page 5: Nitrogen Suppy To Improve Vine Balance

•Winkler, A.J. (1962). General Viticulture. California: University of California.

Page 6: Nitrogen Suppy To Improve Vine Balance

The nitrogen uptake cycleSpring: High uptake of nitrogen due to

growth season as nitrogen is used as a base backbone for DNA, protein, amino acid, and other component building block for producing new tissue (cell division & cell elongation)

Summer: Low-medium uptake, nitrogen uptake during this season is depended upon the growth cycle of the plant.

•Coombe, B.G., & Dry, P.R. (2006). Viticulture: volume 2 practises. South Australia: Winetitles

Page 7: Nitrogen Suppy To Improve Vine Balance

The nitrogen uptake cycleAutumn: nitrogen uptake slows down, leaves

become brown and die as the nitrogen is pulled back from the green tissue to the roots for storage.

Winter: no nitrogen uptake, nitrogen is fully stored in the roots for the next growing season, wood is lignified & leaves completely fall off.

Bear in mind that we look at this aspect as the seasonal perspective although nitrogen uptake on vine actually depended upon the grapevine growth cycle

•Coombe, B.G., & Dry, P.R. (2006). Viticulture: volume 2 practises. South Australia: Winetitles

Page 8: Nitrogen Suppy To Improve Vine Balance

Nitrogen uptake cycle during various stages of vine

•White, E.R. (2003). Soils for Fine Wines. New York: Oxford University Press

Page 9: Nitrogen Suppy To Improve Vine Balance

The application of nitrogen fertigationWhat to apply?When? How to maximize the effect of the nitrogen

fertigation?What’s the impact on the vine and

environment?

Page 10: Nitrogen Suppy To Improve Vine Balance

Main Consideration

Strategy Preplanting Young Vines Mature Vines Special Considerations

Easily leached in sandy soilsMay reduce soil pH when used over a number of years

Maintenance(annually or more frequently)

Nil Apply 3g of actual nitrogen per vine per month to soil near base of rootling, or Use about 30ppm actual N in drip feed

Nitrogen can be used to maintain vigour.Apply by drip irrigation. Foliar sprays of 5g urea/litre are used with micro nutrients in some areas. In areas with loams and clay soils, vigour may be satisfactory with lower rates of N or no application at all.

High rates of N may help where vigour is poor. If the legume component of winter growth in the vineyard is high this may supply enough nitrogen for the vines. Drip irrigation mature vines need N to compensate for the leaching effect of the point source irrigation

(Source Coombe and Dry Viticulture Volume 2 Practices

Page 11: Nitrogen Suppy To Improve Vine Balance

List of Nitrogen fertilizer

•White, E.R. (2003). Soils for Fine Wines. New York: Oxford University Press

Page 12: Nitrogen Suppy To Improve Vine Balance

•White, E.R. (2003). Soils for Fine Wines. New York: Oxford University Press

Page 13: Nitrogen Suppy To Improve Vine Balance

Effect of nitrogen fertigation on Vegetative growthMore chlorophyll will be producedStimulate the production of green tissue and

root growthDelayed leaf senescenceHigh juice to skin ratio

Page 14: Nitrogen Suppy To Improve Vine Balance

Effect of nitrogen fertigation on Reproductive growthHigh berry number per bunch High yieldMinimize inflorescence necrosisNitrate acts as a inhibitor for formation of

total phenol and anthocyanin by sucrose.

Page 15: Nitrogen Suppy To Improve Vine Balance

•Fertigation, Retrived http://www.pacificag.co.nz/pages/54/fertigation.htm

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Excessive nitrogen supplyVine can become imbalance (high vigour

leads to more vegetative growth).Shading causing high disease pressure.Toxic due to deposition of white amino acid

salts causing severe burning in the leaves.High juice to skin ratio not suitable for red

wine productionCausing bunch stem necrosis

Page 17: Nitrogen Suppy To Improve Vine Balance

Sunburn!!

•Winery & Vineyard, http://www.practicalwinery.com/SeptOct05/septoct05p24.htm

Page 18: Nitrogen Suppy To Improve Vine Balance

•Winery & Vineyard, http://www.practicalwinery.com/SeptOct05/septoct05p24.htm

Page 19: Nitrogen Suppy To Improve Vine Balance

Deficit of nitrogen supplyLow vegetative growth (vegetative growth is needed prior budburst onwards until veraison)

Less photosythesis rate reaction in the plantLow in chlorophyll contentCan lead to abortion of entire inflorescenceIf accompanied by good light exposure

produce anthocyanin profile that is dominant in Dp-3-glucoside.

Page 20: Nitrogen Suppy To Improve Vine Balance

ConclusionThe application of nitrogen need to be consider according

to weather pattern, type of soil, irrigation, rootstock used, environmental issue, etc

As the impact with vine balance also need to be consider since excessive and deficit of nitrogen will effected the reproductive and vegetative growth

Vegetative vigour can be regulate by strategising the supply of Nitrogen to the vine.

Fertigation is an important tool in application of Nutrients to the vineyard.

Page 21: Nitrogen Suppy To Improve Vine Balance

Reference Coombe, B.G., & Dry, P.R. (2006). Viticulture: volume 2 practises. South Australia: Winetitles Fertigation, Retrived 22 November 2009, from http://www.pacificag.co.nz/pages/54/fertigation.htm Keller, M., Arnink, K.J., Hrazdina, G.(1998). Interaction of nitrogen availability during bloom and

light intensity during veraison. I. Effect of grapevine growth, fruit development, and ripening. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 49-3, 333-339

Keller, M., Hrazdina, G.(1998). Interaction of nitrogen availability during bloom and light intensity during veraison. II. Effect of grapevine growth, fruit development, and ripening. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 49-3, 341-348

Keller, M., Kummer, M., Carmovasconcelos, M. (2001). Soil nitrogen utilisation for growth and gas exchange by grapevines in response to nitrogen supply and rootstock. Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research, 7, 2-11.

Keller, M., Kummer, M., Carmovasconcelos, M. (2001).Reproductive growth of grapevines in response to nitrogen supply and rootstock. Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research, 7, 12-18.

Rodriguez-Lovelle, B., Gaudillere, J.P. (2002).Carbon and nitrogen partitioning in either fruiting or non-fruiting grapevines: effects of nitrogen limitation before and after veraison. Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research, 8, 86-94.

White, E.R. (2003). Soils for Fine Wines. New York: Oxford University Press Winkler, A.J. (1962). General Viticulture. California: University of California. Winery & Vineyard, Retrived 22 November 2009, from http://

www.practicalwinery.com/SeptOct05/septoct05p24.htm