Flow sheet of nitric acid plant Production of Nitric Acid7

Input: Liquid NH3Catalytic Reactor AirCompressor Absorption column.( 30 plate )H20Gas product :NoNo2O2N2WaterWatersteamsteamAir recycle Secondary Air Weak Hno3Output:Gases: 1- No22- air 3- NoOutput:1-HNO3 2- waterWaterwaterCoolercondenserWaste heat boilerAir preheater VaporizerIntroductionChemical reactions.Toxic and corrosive. Color.Scientific name is HNO3.Molecular weight 63 .Boiling at 84 oC and solidified at -43 oC .Other names(Aqua forties).

3Production of Nitric Acid

History of nitric acid

8th century(Jabir ibn Hayyan).In 1648(Johann Rudolf Glauber) . In 1825 .In 1900(BirkelandEyde).In 1906(WilhelmOstwald).4Production of Nitric Acid

Uses5Production of Nitric AcidProduction of fertilizers.Production of explosives.Manufacture of nylon, adipic acid.oxidizing agent in the production of some solid fuels for rocket propulsion.identify low-grade alloys and assess purityof goldcontent.Polymer industry (polyamidesandpolyurethanes).

Nitric acid in saudi arabia

Shuaa Al Kaune Oilfield Supplies & Services.World Rep Chemicals Division.Esad International.Sedres Maritime Co. Ltd.GULF DESERT CHEMICALS CO.

6Production of Nitric AcidVaporizer Process. Production of Nitric Acid8

Total Capital investment Direct CostFactorsCostPurchased Equipment0.25$1,545,730.9Delivery, percent of purchased equipment0.2 * purchased equipment$309,146.2Subtotal: delivered equipment:$1,854,877.0Direct cost Purchased Equipment Installation0.07 * delivered equipment $519,365.6Instrumentation & Controls (Installed)0.04* delivered equipment$296,780.3Piping (Installed)0.10* delivered equipment$741,950.8Electrical system (Installed)0.08* delivered equipment$593,560.7Building (including services)0.10* delivered equipment$741,950.8Yard improvements0.02* delivered equipment$148,390.2Land0.02* delivered equipment$148,390.2Service facilities (Installed)0.10* delivered equipment$741,950.8Total Direct Cost:$5,787,216.4Indirect CostEngineering & Supervision0.08* delivered equipment$593,560.7Construction expenses0.08* delivered equipment$593,560.7Contractor's fee0.02* delivered equipment$148,390.2Contingency0.04* delivered equipment$296,780.3Total Indirect Cost:$1,632,291.8Fixed Capital Investment:Total indirect + Total direct $7,419,508.2Working Capital0.2*TCI $1,854,877.0Total capital investment$9,274,385.2Production of Nitric Acid23Conclusion Use a program like hysys defiantly simplify the idea of making a plant . After calculating cost estimation, the profit income start after maximum 5 years. Production of Nitric Acid26Production of Nitric Acid9Name water 1water 2liquid ammoniaammoniaVapour0011Temperature ( C ) 4011.521136681015pressure ( kPa)101.3249966101.3249966500500molar flow (kgmole/ hr)11.1017976411.10179764129.1837881129.1838mass flow (kg/h)20020022002200std ideal liqvol flow (m3/hr)0.2004036080.2004036083.5710227313.571023molar enthalpy (kj/kgmole)-283760.1503-285921.4292-46560.6966-46375molar entropy (kj/kgmole-c)37.2870802616.06189522154.7731775155.4234heat flow (kj/hr) -3150247.767-3174241.849-6014887.164-5990893composition by mass flow rate :Air0000NO0000H2O1100HNO30000NO20000Ammonia0011Nitrogen0000Oxygen 0000water Vaporizer Input: Liquid NH3Production of Nitric Acid11Name product 1product 1.1air 2air3Vapour1111Temperature ( C ) 1000.179862.674425230pressure ( kPa)500500105.9433500molar flow (kgmole/ hr)850.7076850.7076695.2738695.2738mass flow (kg/h)22199.8622199.862000020000std ideal liqvol flow (m3/hr)67.279867.279823.2856123.28561molar enthalpy (kj/kgmole)-2063.66-7049.17-8.471276091.59molar entropy (kj/kgmole-c)196.924192.7816154.7472157.3859heat flow (kj/hr) -1755570-5996783-5889.854235323composition by mass flow rate :Air0000NO0.14190.141900H2O0.12780.127800HNO30000NO20000Ammonia0.01860.018600Nitrogen0.71170.71170.790.79Oxygen 000.210.21Catalytic Reactor Air recycle Air preheaterProduction of Nitric Acid13Name mix outliq 1product 1Vapour101Temperature ( C ) 188.58271000.1791000.179pressure ( kPa)500500500molar flow (kgmole/ hr)824.45760850.7076mass flow (kg/h)22200022199.86std ideal liqvol flow (m3/hr)26.85663067.2798molar enthalpy (kj/kgmole)-2129.3631400-2063.66molar entropy (kj/kgmole-c)161.3477180.2435196.924heat flow (kj/hr) -17555700-1755570composition by mass flow rate :Air000NO00.00750.1419H2O000.1278HNO3000NO2000Ammonia0.099100.0186nitrogen0.71170.99250.7117Oxygen 0.18920013Catalytic Reactor Air recycle Air preheaterProduction of Nitric Acid15Name product 1.1product 1.2water 3steam 1Vapour10.96332601Temperature ( C ) 862.674491.950732599.99839pressure ( kPa)500500101.325101.325molar flow (kgmole/ hr)850.7076850.7076499.5809499.5809mass flow (kg/h)22199.8622199.8690009000std ideal liqvol flow (m3/hr)67.279867.27989.0181629.018162molar enthalpy (kj/kgmole)-7049.17-34279.5-284903-238534molar entropy (kj/kgmole-c)192.7816150.777526.5595181.1521heat flow (kj/hr) -5996783-2.9E+07-1.4E+08-1.2E+08composition by mass flow rate :Air0000NO0.14190.141900H2O0.12780.127811HNO30000NO20000Ammonia0.01860.018600Nitrogen0.71170.711700Oxygen 0000WatersteamWaste heat boilerProduction of Nitric Acid17Name mix out 2liq 2product 2Vapour101Temperature ( C ) 126.1593253.1105253.1105pressure ( kPa)500500500molar flow (kgmole/ hr)1545.98101493.481mass flow (kg/h)42199.86042199.86std ideal liqvol flow (m3/hr)90.56541048.2011molar enthalpy (kj/kgmole)-16123.4-214508-16690.2molar entropy (kj/kgmole-c)156.2158127.5343164.2462heat flow (kj/hr) -2.5E+070-2.5E+07composition by mass flow rate :Air000NO0.074700H2O0.06720.68640.0672HNO3000NO200.19350.1145Ammonia0.00980.01890.0098Nitrogen0.74880.09270.7488Oxygen 0.09950.00860.0597Name product 2product 2.1water 4steam 2Vapour10.90084900.644702Temperature ( C ) 253.1105402099.9987pressure ( kPa)500500101.325101.325molar flow (kgmole/ hr)1493.4811493.481499.5809499.5809mass flow (kg/h)42199.8642199.8690009000std ideal liqvol flow (m3/hr)48.201148.20119.0181629.018162molar enthalpy (kj/kgmole)-16690.2-27492.6-285282-252988molar entropy (kj/kgmole-c)164.2462132.671722.76673142.4168heat flow (kj/hr) -2.5E+07-4.1E+07-1.4E+08-1.3E+08composition by mass flow rate :Air0000NO0000H2O0.06720.067211HNO30000NO20.11450.114500Ammonia0.00980.009800Nitrogen0.74880.748800Oxygen 0.05970.059700Production of Nitric Acid18WatersteamCoolercondenserName water 5liquid productair 6air 5vapor outVapour00111Temperature ( C ) 37.7777854.70821202054.70821pressure ( kPa)101.3500101.3101.3500molar flow (kgmole/ hr)22.2036137.8858312.8732104.29111331.697mass flow (kg/h)4004229.6989000300038170.12std ideal liqvol flow (m3/hr)0.4008073.40099310.478523.49284158.70178molar enthalpy (kj/kgmole)-283929-252010-154.153-154.153-7104.47molar entropy (kj/kgmole-c)35.7603230.81594154.6268154.6268145.3771heat flow (kj/hr) -6304253-3.5E+07-48230.4-16076.8-9460999composition by mass flow rate :Air00000NO00000.0275H2O10.419000.0166HNO300.5781000.0515NO200000Ammonia00.0028000.0105Nitrogen00.00010.790.790.8279Oxygen 000.210.210.066Production of Nitric Acid20Absorption column.( 30 plate )Output:Gases: 1- No22- air 3- NoOutput:1-HNO3 2- waterName tail gasnitric acidVapour10Temperature ( C ) 58.3673266.38617pressure ( kPa)10001000molar flow (kgmole/ hr)1730.931178.0201mass flow (kg/h)492935506.821std ideal liqvol flow (m3/hr)72.054024.420918molar enthalpy (kj/kgmole)-3550.2-249596molar entropy (kj/kgmole-c)139.551133.24424heat flow (kj/hr) -6145160-4.4E+07composition by mass flow rate :Air00NO0.02130H2O0.01110.4105HNO30.02410.5851NO200Ammonia0.00790.0043Nitrogen0.83340.0001Oxygen 0.10220Production of Nitric Acid21Absorption column.( 30 plate )Output:Gases: 1- No22- air 3- NoOutput:1-HNO3 2- water

Production of Nitric Acid222NO + O2 2NO23NO2 + H2O 2HNO3 + NOTotal Production CostFactor Cost ($/yr)Estimating wayRaw Materials$ 8008000liquid ammonia -catalystOperating Labor$ 9000001500*50*12Operating Supervision$ 18000020%*OLUtilities$ 1574236.31710% TPCMaintenance & Repair$ 370975.40885% FCIOperating Supplies$ 55646.3113215% M&RLaboratory Charges$ 18000020% of OLFinancing$ 463719.265%*TCIInsurance$ 74195.081761%* FCIPlant Overhead$ 1574236.31710% TPCGeneral Expenses$ 2361354.47615%TPCTotal production cost /yr$ 15742363.17 Subtotal Production of Nitric Acid24Net profit Selling Price of nitric acid per ton = 375 $ , nitric acid factory operates only 315 days in a year and the production of nitric acid per day is 145 Ton per day (from material balance):Total income = 375*315*145= $ 17,128,125.00 Gross income = Total income - Total product cost= 17128125- 15742363 = 1385761.83$Net profit= gross income + taxes , but we dont have taxes in Saudi Arabia so Net profit= gross income .Payout period = (FCI/Net profit ) = (7,419,508.18 $ / 1728125 $) = 5 year The maximum payout period is 5 years .

Production of Nitric Acid25Thank you for listening

Production of Nitric Acid27