nile basin initiative claire stodola unh ‘11, environmental conservation studies april 29, 2011
Post on 22-Dec-2015
215 views
TRANSCRIPT
NILE BASIN INITIATIVE
Claire Stodola
UNH ‘11, Environmental Conservation Studies
April 29, 2011
Research Question
How has the Nile Basin Initiative influenced the riparian states’ management of the Nile River resources?
Outline of Presentation
Background on the Nile River Basin region
History of Cooperation
Overview of Nile Basin Initiative (NBI)
Achievements
Challenges and Current Events
Printing, Graphics, and Map Design Unit, The World Bank
Challenges
• Poverty
• Climatic variation
• Population growth
• Climate Change
Upstream states• Low water needs
Downstream states• High water needs
Historical Context
1902 – First international cooperation on the Nile
1929 – Permission required for upstream states
1959 – Still only BILATERAL
1960s to 1990s - Increasing frustration by upstream states
What is the Nile Basin Initiative?
“to achieve sustainable socio-economic development through the equitable utilization
of, & benefit from, the common Nile Basin water resources”
Is the NBI making a difference?
Gathering and sharing of information
Collaboration with other groups
Encouragement of civil society
Challenges and Criticisms
Multiple objectives
Decision-makers of NBI ≠ Decision-makers of member states
Increasing tension between Egypt and upstream states
Current Status
Cooperative Framework Agreement
Egypt in transition
Sudan - split into two states
“As the citizens of these countries demand fairness from their rulers, let them extend the
same to their neighbors.”
-Editorial, Business Daily
Sources
Bhat, Kiran. “Dwinding Oasis: Egypt’s Water Politics.” Harvard International Review Spring 2007: 13. Print.
Howell, P. P. and J. A. Allan. The Nile – Sharing a Scarce Resource: A historical and technical review of water management and of economic and legal issues. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994. Print.
Kung, Ruedi. “Addressing the Dimensions of Transboundary Water Use: The Nile Basin Initiative.” Mountain Research and Development 23.1 (2003): 4-6. JSTOR. Web. 2 Oct. 2010.
Metawei, Abdel F. “History of Co-operation in the Nile Basin.” International Journal of Water Resources Development. 20.1 (2004): 47-63. EBSCOhost. Web. 3 Oct. 2010.
Nile Basin Initiative. Nile Basin Initiative. Web. 24 Sept. 2010. <http://www.nilebasin.org/>. Sadoff, Claudia W. and David Grey. “Beyond the river: the benefits of cooperation on international
rivers.” Water Policy 4 (2002): 389-403.
Swain, Ashok. “Mission Not Yet Accomplished: Managing Water Resources in the Nile River Basin.” Journal of International Affairs. 61.2 (2008): 201-14.
Teshome, Wondwosen B. “Transboundary Water Cooperation in Africa: The Case of the Nile Basin Initiative (NBI).” Alternatives: Turkish Journal of International Relations 7.4 (2008): 34-43. EBSCOhost. Web. 1 Oct. 2010.
Thompkins, Gwen. Ethiopia Claims High Ground in Right-To-Nile Debate. NPR. 19 Sept. 2010. Web. 24 Sept. 2010. <http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=130050352&ps=rs>.
Waterbury, John. The Nile Basin: National Determinants of Collective Action. Yale University Press, 2002. Print.
The World Bank and NBI. The World Bank. Web. 30 Nov. 2010 <http://go.worldbank.org/C25RHXSYG0>.